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From: "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [#issue 55] Accounting clarifications
Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 12:00:28 +0200 
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Hi, Pat
Here I send you an official new issue from something already brought up
in the Mailing-list.

Thanks
	/Yolanda García

-----Original Message-----
From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi] 
Sent: Monday, May 28, 2001 9:43 AM
To: Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)
Cc: 'pcalhoun@diameter.org'; 'aaa-wg@merit.edu'
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Accounting clarifications



Replying to an old e-mail on accounting issues, hope this helps:

Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE) wrote:

> 12.5. Accounting-Records
>  What can be exactly an accounted service? Is it an extension (Mobile IP, NASREQ), or is it indicated
> by Service-Type AVP in NASREQ, but in Mobile IP which is the service/s? Could be the text more specific,
> giving some examples?

This was already discussed earlier on the list. In general the service 
could be anything, and the included
AVPs must specify what service was provided. What AVPs are used for this 
specification is
service-specific.

> 14.1 Accounting-Record-Type
> Are EVENT_RECORDs (one-time events) and START-STOP records mutually exclusive for the same
> Session-Id, i.e. if received an event record for sessionId=x.abc.com:8888:1234567890 is/is not possible
> to receive a Start/interim/stop one for same sessionId=x.abc.com:8888:1234567890 ?

I think we should have just one submitted event or start-stop for one 
session-id. There
is definately sometimes a need to correlate several records related to 
the same true
user session. However, at a diameter level this is often not possible. 
Rather, such
coordination should be left up to the postprocessing systems. For 
instance, one box
could be delivering NASREQ data, including the user's IP address while 
another
box might be providing some additional service. Both records would 
contain IP
addresses which would help the postprocessing systems in correlating the 
records
even if they came from two different boxes.

And as you indicate below, there is a need to clarify this text in the 
draft. I propose
that we add a statement to the explanation of the session id AVP that 
prohibits
the submission of several sessions with the same session id, and says 
that the type of
the session must be one of event or start-interim-stop for a particular 
session id.

> 
> Is the type or record (EVENT vs START/INTERIM/STOP) tight to the particular kind of service, so that
> when some services are used, it is reported accounted info of kind EVENT, and when some other services
> are used, it is reported accounted info in the style Start/Interim/Stop ?

This should be dictated by the text appearing in a particular extension 
document.

> 
> Is it possible to send (Diameter client)/receive (Accounting server) several EVENT_RECORD for the same
> Session-Id?
> 
> Same question but for measurable length services: is it possible to send/receive several START-STOP
> sequences for the same Session-Id?

For both, see above.

> 
> For the answer of all these questions, could be added the corresponding clarifying text on the I-D?
> It would be quite helpful.

I agree.

Jari


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 09:00:54 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
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via bert

Story date(time): 05/29/2001(02:18 AM) 
Effort afoot to provide wireless LAN roaming 
InfoWorld Daily News via DowVision 

By John Cox, Network World Fusion InfoWorld.com

A group of leading vendors is working to iron out the technical and
financial details needed to let mobile wireless LAN users connect
to almost any wireless ISP, similar to the way cell phone users can roam
and use multiple carriers to complete calls.

The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA), which includes
Cisco, IBM, Intel, 3Com and Microsoft, is looking to forge
relationships and network standards among wireless ISPs and eventually
carriers that will enable roaming for 802.11b wireless LAN
users. These standards will let vendors share subscriber usage and
billing data, so no matter how many different ISPs' subscribers are
used to make a connection from a plane, train or automobile, they only
get one bill from their "home" ISP.

According to WECA members involved in the roaming project, the public
access wireless LANs now being deployed in airports,
convention centers and even restaurants will create a burgeoning web of
wireless LAN hot spots. These hot spots will let mobile
workers, with 802.11b-equipped computers, connect over a shared
11M-bit/sec link to Internet-based services and corporate
networks. Most wide-area wireless data links today are based on much
slower cell phone nets.

"What we're talking about is interservice provider roaming. As you go
from a corporate to a public net, you want to have user ID and
a password for the ISP. But you don't want to have a different one for
every wireless ISP net that you might traverse," said Greg
Homan, director of systems engineering at MobileStar Network of
Richardson, Texas, and a spokesman for the Wireless Internet
Service Provider Roaming (WISPr), a contingent within WECA that is
preparing the roaming proposal. "Within a corporate wireless
LAN, roaming among access points is handled as part of the 802.11b
protocol."

The group is a mix of service providers, LAN equipment vendors and PC
makers, including Agere Systems, Dell, Enterasys and Nokia
and wireless ISPs MobileStar and Wayport. A draft will be presented at
the next WECA board meeting, June 13 in Helsinki, Finland.

"Having roaming agreements is a great idea for any network," said Andy
Kasznay, software engineer with Northeast Utilities in Berlin,
Conn. The utility uses a cellular phone network to connect field workers
with laptops or PDAs to corporate data. "We currently don't
use 802.11b networks because there are only very limited locations where
they're available and a limited number of providers."

Kasznay is clear on what he'd want from such a service as proposed by
WISPr. "One service provider with one bill," he said. "As far
as cost is concerned, it must be similar in cost to dial-up connections
from a hotel room, including the hotel fees and long-distance
charges for an average user session, but with faster throughput
[compared to dial up]."

He's also convinced a WISPr service would be used mainly by the
utility's traveling executives and managers, not by electricians and
others in the field. "The area that our field force covers is far too
broad to be served by such a network," Kasznay said.

Other issues could slow the roaming proposal. For example, the reach of
such a wireless LAN (WLAN) service will still be severely
limited compared to the cell networks because 802.11b, sometimes called
Wi-Fi, is a local network with a radio range of roughly 150
feet. The public access WLANs being created by the likes of wireless
ISPs MobileStar and Wayport, initially will be found in urban,
high-density areas. Most of these public WLANs are targeted at
white-collar business travelers. Blue-collar mobile workers likely will
have to rely on low-speed, but widespread, cell networks, such as
Cellular Digital Packet Data nets, for accessing data wirelessly. In
addition, the service providers that go forward with the WISPr roaming
will have to ensure they're offering a simple connection
process and a single bill to make such roaming a desirable service for
target users. And then there are security concerns.

Specifically, WISPr is looking to define a tag that users could tack
onto their subscriber name. The tag will alert any WISP that the
user requesting service is "owned" by some other provider. Data about
the user and the service request will be passed to an
independent clearinghouse, which would coordinate transactions among
different parties-in this case, the WISPs.

WISPr spokesman Homan said the arrangement will most likely use the
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
protocol, which is widely used to coordinate authorization information
between remote users and an authorization server. The
clearinghouse would pass the user data to that user's WISP, which then
completes the authentication, bills the user and makes the
appropriate payment to the WISP serving as the user's access connection.
Users can then access their home WISP services and,
through the provider, their corporate net.

WISPr members said the technology for sharing data between the ISPs is
relatively straightforward and most of the complexity
involves setting up standards for handling transactions between service
providers.

"The billing systems are key to this," Homan said. "We're extending the
RADIUS protocol with specific [new] attributes, such as user
name, time spent online, bytes in or out, and so on. We'll also have
information about where the user is, through a location code, so
we can return site-specific services to that user."

A WISP subscriber from the U.S., gaining access via a wireless LAN
service in a Swedish airport, would receive information in
English, for example.

Keeping it simple will be the key to user acceptance, said Jeff Manning,
business development manager at Agere. "We've failed if this
is difficult [to use]," he says. "Everyone has a vested interest in
making this work."

There will be significant investment. The overall 802.11b market is
expected to keep growing at a healthy rate despite the economic
slowdown, according to an April report by Cahners In-Stat. By 2005, the
firm estimates that companies will be spending nearly $6.4
billion on WLAN equipment. Companies such as IBM, Compaq and Dell are
introducing notebook PCs with built-in 802.11b radios and
antennas. Adapter card vendors have just started bringing out 802.11b
cards for handheld computers, such as those using the
Microsoft PocketPC software.

The carriers are watching the project closely, according to WISPr
members. "There's a tremendous amount of work going on by all
the carriers," said Allan Scott, business manager for the Americas at
Agere. "They're all involved in Wi-Fi products. They're very quiet
about it, but they're all doing it."

The WISPr group has no set schedule to complete its work, so it's
difficult to say exactly when 802.11b roaming will become reality.
Agere's Manning says he hopes the group will have a final document by
year-end. Users can expect to see roaming being
implemented more widely in the next two years, with the pace
accelerating as carriers get into the action as the number of WLAN
clients surges, each one representing a potential subscriber for
wireless data services.
------- end of forwarded message -------


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 09:42:13 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Taneli Haverinen <Taneli.Haverinen@lmf.ericsson.se>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Error signaling ('A' msg.)
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	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
References: <3B1641E9.790B9AD7@lmf.ericsson.se> <20010531062921.C10291@charizard.diameter.org> <3B1772EE.8D2C50EA@lmf.ericsson.se>
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In-Reply-To: <3B1772EE.8D2C50EA@lmf.ericsson.se>; from Taneli.Haverinen@lmf.ericsson.se on Fri, Jun 01, 2001 at 01:48:14PM +0300
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On Fri, Jun 01, 2001 at 01:48:14PM +0300, Taneli Haverinen wrote:
> > > Chapter 9.1. (End-To-End Error Signaling) of the base protocol does not
> > > seem to define what to do when an error occurs while processing an
> > > Answer message. Earlier the situation was handled by sending an MRI, but
> > > this command was eliminated recently. I noticed that this problem was
> > > discussed in Pat's message "A proposal for the elimination of MRI"
> > > (http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00110.html). In
> > > that message it was proposed that a STR with a Termination-Cause should
> > > be issued. I also noticed, that Issue #10 "Sessions that do not start"
> > > deals with my question, but only in the case of authorization messages.
> > > I wonder what is the procedure in a general case?
> > 
> > So do you mean what one does if an accounting answer is received,
> > with an error, or a bad STA or DWA?
> > 
> > I believe that these are the only remanining messages that aren't
> > covered by #10.
> 
> Yes, I mean the ones you mentioned above, and also any
> extension-specific or vendor-specific answer messages.
> 

So if the message in question is used to create a session, or to extend
the lifetime of a session, then #10 describes how to handle this.

I don't think that there will be any additional extension-specific, or
even vendor-specific answer messages that do not fall within this
class, do you?

As far as STA and DWA, I believe that there is nothing you can (nor should)
do for the former. For the latter, I suppose you SHOULD shutdown the connection
since if your peer cannot send a basic DW message correctly, then you've 
got bigger problems.

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 09:44:01 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
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Another case of a group of vendors finding the fact that RADIUS has an RFC is
most convenient. Another reason for us to get done quickly :)

PatC
On Fri, Jun 01, 2001 at 05:54:33AM -0700, Randy Bush wrote:
> via bert
> 
> Story date(time): 05/29/2001(02:18 AM) 
> Effort afoot to provide wireless LAN roaming 
> InfoWorld Daily News via DowVision 
> 
> By John Cox, Network World Fusion InfoWorld.com
> 
> A group of leading vendors is working to iron out the technical and
> financial details needed to let mobile wireless LAN users connect
> to almost any wireless ISP, similar to the way cell phone users can roam
> and use multiple carriers to complete calls.
> 
> The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA), which includes
> Cisco, IBM, Intel, 3Com and Microsoft, is looking to forge
> relationships and network standards among wireless ISPs and eventually
> carriers that will enable roaming for 802.11b wireless LAN
> users. These standards will let vendors share subscriber usage and
> billing data, so no matter how many different ISPs' subscribers are
> used to make a connection from a plane, train or automobile, they only
> get one bill from their "home" ISP.
> 
> According to WECA members involved in the roaming project, the public
> access wireless LANs now being deployed in airports,
> convention centers and even restaurants will create a burgeoning web of
> wireless LAN hot spots. These hot spots will let mobile
> workers, with 802.11b-equipped computers, connect over a shared
> 11M-bit/sec link to Internet-based services and corporate
> networks. Most wide-area wireless data links today are based on much
> slower cell phone nets.
> 
> "What we're talking about is interservice provider roaming. As you go
> from a corporate to a public net, you want to have user ID and
> a password for the ISP. But you don't want to have a different one for
> every wireless ISP net that you might traverse," said Greg
> Homan, director of systems engineering at MobileStar Network of
> Richardson, Texas, and a spokesman for the Wireless Internet
> Service Provider Roaming (WISPr), a contingent within WECA that is
> preparing the roaming proposal. "Within a corporate wireless
> LAN, roaming among access points is handled as part of the 802.11b
> protocol."
> 
> The group is a mix of service providers, LAN equipment vendors and PC
> makers, including Agere Systems, Dell, Enterasys and Nokia
> and wireless ISPs MobileStar and Wayport. A draft will be presented at
> the next WECA board meeting, June 13 in Helsinki, Finland.
> 
> "Having roaming agreements is a great idea for any network," said Andy
> Kasznay, software engineer with Northeast Utilities in Berlin,
> Conn. The utility uses a cellular phone network to connect field workers
> with laptops or PDAs to corporate data. "We currently don't
> use 802.11b networks because there are only very limited locations where
> they're available and a limited number of providers."
> 
> Kasznay is clear on what he'd want from such a service as proposed by
> WISPr. "One service provider with one bill," he said. "As far
> as cost is concerned, it must be similar in cost to dial-up connections
> from a hotel room, including the hotel fees and long-distance
> charges for an average user session, but with faster throughput
> [compared to dial up]."
> 
> He's also convinced a WISPr service would be used mainly by the
> utility's traveling executives and managers, not by electricians and
> others in the field. "The area that our field force covers is far too
> broad to be served by such a network," Kasznay said.
> 
> Other issues could slow the roaming proposal. For example, the reach of
> such a wireless LAN (WLAN) service will still be severely
> limited compared to the cell networks because 802.11b, sometimes called
> Wi-Fi, is a local network with a radio range of roughly 150
> feet. The public access WLANs being created by the likes of wireless
> ISPs MobileStar and Wayport, initially will be found in urban,
> high-density areas. Most of these public WLANs are targeted at
> white-collar business travelers. Blue-collar mobile workers likely will
> have to rely on low-speed, but widespread, cell networks, such as
> Cellular Digital Packet Data nets, for accessing data wirelessly. In
> addition, the service providers that go forward with the WISPr roaming
> will have to ensure they're offering a simple connection
> process and a single bill to make such roaming a desirable service for
> target users. And then there are security concerns.
> 
> Specifically, WISPr is looking to define a tag that users could tack
> onto their subscriber name. The tag will alert any WISP that the
> user requesting service is "owned" by some other provider. Data about
> the user and the service request will be passed to an
> independent clearinghouse, which would coordinate transactions among
> different parties-in this case, the WISPs.
> 
> WISPr spokesman Homan said the arrangement will most likely use the
> Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
> protocol, which is widely used to coordinate authorization information
> between remote users and an authorization server. The
> clearinghouse would pass the user data to that user's WISP, which then
> completes the authentication, bills the user and makes the
> appropriate payment to the WISP serving as the user's access connection.
> Users can then access their home WISP services and,
> through the provider, their corporate net.
> 
> WISPr members said the technology for sharing data between the ISPs is
> relatively straightforward and most of the complexity
> involves setting up standards for handling transactions between service
> providers.
> 
> "The billing systems are key to this," Homan said. "We're extending the
> RADIUS protocol with specific [new] attributes, such as user
> name, time spent online, bytes in or out, and so on. We'll also have
> information about where the user is, through a location code, so
> we can return site-specific services to that user."
> 
> A WISP subscriber from the U.S., gaining access via a wireless LAN
> service in a Swedish airport, would receive information in
> English, for example.
> 
> Keeping it simple will be the key to user acceptance, said Jeff Manning,
> business development manager at Agere. "We've failed if this
> is difficult [to use]," he says. "Everyone has a vested interest in
> making this work."
> 
> There will be significant investment. The overall 802.11b market is
> expected to keep growing at a healthy rate despite the economic
> slowdown, according to an April report by Cahners In-Stat. By 2005, the
> firm estimates that companies will be spending nearly $6.4
> billion on WLAN equipment. Companies such as IBM, Compaq and Dell are
> introducing notebook PCs with built-in 802.11b radios and
> antennas. Adapter card vendors have just started bringing out 802.11b
> cards for handheld computers, such as those using the
> Microsoft PocketPC software.
> 
> The carriers are watching the project closely, according to WISPr
> members. "There's a tremendous amount of work going on by all
> the carriers," said Allan Scott, business manager for the Americas at
> Agere. "They're all involved in Wi-Fi products. They're very quiet
> about it, but they're all doing it."
> 
> The WISPr group has no set schedule to complete its work, so it's
> difficult to say exactly when 802.11b roaming will become reality.
> Agere's Manning says he hopes the group will have a final document by
> year-end. Users can expect to see roaming being
> implemented more widely in the next two years, with the pace
> accelerating as carriers get into the action as the number of WLAN
> clients surges, each one representing a potential subscriber for
> wireless data services.
> ------- end of forwarded message -------


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 10:35:23 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>
Cc: "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [#issue 55] Accounting clarifications
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On Fri, Jun 01, 2001 at 12:00:28PM +0200, Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE) wrote:
> Hi, Pat
> Here I send you an official new issue from something already brought up
> in the Mailing-list.


May I ask that you actually submit the issue in the format that we've been
using, as opposed to having me sift through this e-mail and guess what the
issue should be?

Thanks,

PatC
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi] 
> Sent: Monday, May 28, 2001 9:43 AM
> To: Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)
> Cc: 'pcalhoun@diameter.org'; 'aaa-wg@merit.edu'
> Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Accounting clarifications
> 
> 
> 
> Replying to an old e-mail on accounting issues, hope this helps:
> 
> Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE) wrote:
> 
> > 12.5. Accounting-Records
> >  What can be exactly an accounted service? Is it an extension (Mobile IP, NASREQ), or is it indicated
> > by Service-Type AVP in NASREQ, but in Mobile IP which is the service/s? Could be the text more specific,
> > giving some examples?
> 
> This was already discussed earlier on the list. In general the service 
> could be anything, and the included
> AVPs must specify what service was provided. What AVPs are used for this 
> specification is
> service-specific.
> 
> > 14.1 Accounting-Record-Type
> > Are EVENT_RECORDs (one-time events) and START-STOP records mutually exclusive for the same
> > Session-Id, i.e. if received an event record for sessionId=x.abc.com:8888:1234567890 is/is not possible
> > to receive a Start/interim/stop one for same sessionId=x.abc.com:8888:1234567890 ?
> 
> I think we should have just one submitted event or start-stop for one 
> session-id. There
> is definately sometimes a need to correlate several records related to 
> the same true
> user session. However, at a diameter level this is often not possible. 
> Rather, such
> coordination should be left up to the postprocessing systems. For 
> instance, one box
> could be delivering NASREQ data, including the user's IP address while 
> another
> box might be providing some additional service. Both records would 
> contain IP
> addresses which would help the postprocessing systems in correlating the 
> records
> even if they came from two different boxes.
> 
> And as you indicate below, there is a need to clarify this text in the 
> draft. I propose
> that we add a statement to the explanation of the session id AVP that 
> prohibits
> the submission of several sessions with the same session id, and says 
> that the type of
> the session must be one of event or start-interim-stop for a particular 
> session id.
> 
> > 
> > Is the type or record (EVENT vs START/INTERIM/STOP) tight to the particular kind of service, so that
> > when some services are used, it is reported accounted info of kind EVENT, and when some other services
> > are used, it is reported accounted info in the style Start/Interim/Stop ?
> 
> This should be dictated by the text appearing in a particular extension 
> document.
> 
> > 
> > Is it possible to send (Diameter client)/receive (Accounting server) several EVENT_RECORD for the same
> > Session-Id?
> > 
> > Same question but for measurable length services: is it possible to send/receive several START-STOP
> > sequences for the same Session-Id?
> 
> For both, see above.
> 
> > 
> > For the answer of all these questions, could be added the corresponding clarifying text on the I-D?
> > It would be quite helpful.
> 
> I agree.
> 
> Jari


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 11:34:57 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
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A good argument for "Expert review" as opposed to IANA assignment ;)


On Fri, 1 Jun 2001, Randy Bush wrote:

> via bert
> 
> Story date(time): 05/29/2001(02:18 AM) 
> Effort afoot to provide wireless LAN roaming 
> InfoWorld Daily News via DowVision 
> 
> By John Cox, Network World Fusion InfoWorld.com



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 13:00:58 2001
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Date: Fri, 01 Jun 2001 13:48:14 +0300
From: Taneli Haverinen <Taneli.Haverinen@lmf.ericsson.se>
Organization: Oy L M Ericsson Ab
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Error signaling ('A' msg.)
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> > Chapter 9.1. (End-To-End Error Signaling) of the base protocol does not
> > seem to define what to do when an error occurs while processing an
> > Answer message. Earlier the situation was handled by sending an MRI, but
> > this command was eliminated recently. I noticed that this problem was
> > discussed in Pat's message "A proposal for the elimination of MRI"
> > (http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00110.html). In
> > that message it was proposed that a STR with a Termination-Cause should
> > be issued. I also noticed, that Issue #10 "Sessions that do not start"
> > deals with my question, but only in the case of authorization messages.
> > I wonder what is the procedure in a general case?
> 
> So do you mean what one does if an accounting answer is received,
> with an error, or a bad STA or DWA?
> 
> I believe that these are the only remanining messages that aren't
> covered by #10.

Yes, I mean the ones you mentioned above, and also any
extension-specific or vendor-specific answer messages.

BR, Taneli H.


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 13:43:11 2001
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Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 10:32:58 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] #32 NASREQ extension includes Indication messages
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All,

In the process of attempting to fix up Issue #32, I've come across an
interesting problem. The indication messages were also used by servers
to request unsolicited re-auth to the nas. By removing these messages,
we remove this feature. 

Therefore, it looks like there is a need for a message from the server
to the access device to request a re-auth. The issue, though, is whether
this should be an extension specific message, or more of a generalized
message? 

Does anyone have any ideas on the best way to solve this problem? I am
currently inclined to create a new message set, which would lead to the
following:

  NAS                   Server
      <--- re-auth-req ----
      ---- re-auth-answ -->
      ---- AAR ----------->
      <--- AAA ------------

Ideas?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 14:32:02 2001
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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
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> Actually, I think they are probably in need of some strong guidance
> from IETF.

thanks for volunteering!  :-)/2

randy


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 15:16:13 2001
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Date: Fri, 01 Jun 2001 11:45:21 -0400
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
From: John Schnizlein <jschnizl@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
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What is the fuss about?
The reporter discovered that using RADIUS accounting for 802.11b
wireless access exploits the benefits built into it for dial access.
Nice of him to notice, but not a technology breakthrough.

The article does not mention any extensions to RADIUS,
it simply describes a new use of RADIUS, especially its capability
for global roaming through what we have been calling proxy forwarding.
The "tag" the article mentions is just the home domain.

The discussion about the importance of billing might create the
impression of something new, but it looks like RADIUS accounting to me.
And clearinghouse technology for RADIUS accounting has been used for
PPP and voice calls, so this is not new either.

Considering who has chimed in on this thread, 
I am now wearing my flame-retardant shorts. ;-)

John

At 11:22 AM 6/1/2001, Bernard Aboba wrote:
>A good argument for "Expert review" as opposed to IANA assignment ;)
>
>On Fri, 1 Jun 2001, Randy Bush wrote:
>> via bert
>> 
>> Story date(time): 05/29/2001(02:18 AM) 
>> Effort afoot to provide wireless LAN roaming 
>> InfoWorld Daily News via DowVision 
>> 
>> By John Cox, Network World Fusion InfoWorld.com



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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Server-initiated re-auth
Message-ID: <20010601120445.A22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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Server-initiated re-auth
Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
Date first submitted: June 01, 2001
Reference: 
Document: All 
Comment type: C 
Priority: 1 
Section: 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

In the process of fixing Issue #32, the Indication messages have been removed from
the NASREQ extension. However, the specification also makes use of the indication
messages to allow a server to send an unsolicited request for re-auth.

Is this feature required? If so, is it specific to NASREQ, or could it be generalized
and defined in the base protocol specification?

Three options:
1. Delete the feature
2. Create a new message set in the nasreq specification that is sent by
   a server to request that a user be re-auth.
3. Create a new message set in the base protocol that is sent by
   a server to request that a user be re-auth.

Comments?

PatC



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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
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Randy Bush [maILTO:randy@psg.com] writes:

One wonders if these people have ever heard of roamops (or the IETF, for
that matter)...but wait, wireless is _differenr_ ;-)

> via bert
>
> Story date(time): 05/29/2001(02:18 AM)
> Effort afoot to provide wireless LAN roaming
> InfoWorld Daily News via DowVision
>
> By John Cox, Network World Fusion InfoWorld.com
>
> A group of leading vendors is working to iron out the technical and
> financial details needed to let mobile wireless LAN users connect
> to almost any wireless ISP, similar to the way cell phone users can roam
> and use multiple carriers to complete calls.
>
> The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA), which includes
> Cisco, IBM, Intel, 3Com and Microsoft, is looking to forge
> relationships and network standards among wireless ISPs and eventually
> carriers that will enable roaming for 802.11b wireless LAN
> users. These standards will let vendors share subscriber usage and
> billing data, so no matter how many different ISPs' subscribers are
> used to make a connection from a plane, train or automobile, they only
> get one bill from their "home" ISP.
>
> According to WECA members involved in the roaming project, the public
> access wireless LANs now being deployed in airports,
> convention centers and even restaurants will create a burgeoning web of
> wireless LAN hot spots. These hot spots will let mobile
> workers, with 802.11b-equipped computers, connect over a shared
> 11M-bit/sec link to Internet-based services and corporate
> networks. Most wide-area wireless data links today are based on much
> slower cell phone nets.
>
> "What we're talking about is interservice provider roaming. As you go
> from a corporate to a public net, you want to have user ID and
> a password for the ISP. But you don't want to have a different one for
> every wireless ISP net that you might traverse," said Greg
> Homan, director of systems engineering at MobileStar Network of
> Richardson, Texas, and a spokesman for the Wireless Internet
> Service Provider Roaming (WISPr), a contingent within WECA that is
> preparing the roaming proposal. "Within a corporate wireless
> LAN, roaming among access points is handled as part of the 802.11b
> protocol."
>
> The group is a mix of service providers, LAN equipment vendors and PC
> makers, including Agere Systems, Dell, Enterasys and Nokia
> and wireless ISPs MobileStar and Wayport. A draft will be presented at
> the next WECA board meeting, June 13 in Helsinki, Finland.
>
> "Having roaming agreements is a great idea for any network," said Andy
> Kasznay, software engineer with Northeast Utilities in Berlin,
> Conn. The utility uses a cellular phone network to connect field workers
> with laptops or PDAs to corporate data. "We currently don't
> use 802.11b networks because there are only very limited locations where
> they're available and a limited number of providers."
>
> Kasznay is clear on what he'd want from such a service as proposed by
> WISPr. "One service provider with one bill," he said. "As far
> as cost is concerned, it must be similar in cost to dial-up connections
> from a hotel room, including the hotel fees and long-distance
> charges for an average user session, but with faster throughput
> [compared to dial up]."
>
> He's also convinced a WISPr service would be used mainly by the
> utility's traveling executives and managers, not by electricians and
> others in the field. "The area that our field force covers is far too
> broad to be served by such a network," Kasznay said.
>
> Other issues could slow the roaming proposal. For example, the reach of
> such a wireless LAN (WLAN) service will still be severely
> limited compared to the cell networks because 802.11b, sometimes called
> Wi-Fi, is a local network with a radio range of roughly 150
> feet. The public access WLANs being created by the likes of wireless
> ISPs MobileStar and Wayport, initially will be found in urban,
> high-density areas. Most of these public WLANs are targeted at
> white-collar business travelers. Blue-collar mobile workers likely will
> have to rely on low-speed, but widespread, cell networks, such as
> Cellular Digital Packet Data nets, for accessing data wirelessly. In
> addition, the service providers that go forward with the WISPr roaming
> will have to ensure they're offering a simple connection
> process and a single bill to make such roaming a desirable service for
> target users. And then there are security concerns.
>
> Specifically, WISPr is looking to define a tag that users could tack
> onto their subscriber name. The tag will alert any WISP that the
> user requesting service is "owned" by some other provider. Data about
> the user and the service request will be passed to an
> independent clearinghouse, which would coordinate transactions among
> different parties-in this case, the WISPs.
>
> WISPr spokesman Homan said the arrangement will most likely use the
> Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
> protocol, which is widely used to coordinate authorization information
> between remote users and an authorization server. The
> clearinghouse would pass the user data to that user's WISP, which then
> completes the authentication, bills the user and makes the
> appropriate payment to the WISP serving as the user's access connection.
> Users can then access their home WISP services and,
> through the provider, their corporate net.
>
> WISPr members said the technology for sharing data between the ISPs is
> relatively straightforward and most of the complexity
> involves setting up standards for handling transactions between service
> providers.
>
> "The billing systems are key to this," Homan said. "We're extending the
> RADIUS protocol with specific [new] attributes, such as user
> name, time spent online, bytes in or out, and so on. We'll also have
> information about where the user is, through a location code, so
> we can return site-specific services to that user."
>
> A WISP subscriber from the U.S., gaining access via a wireless LAN
> service in a Swedish airport, would receive information in
> English, for example.
>
> Keeping it simple will be the key to user acceptance, said Jeff Manning,
> business development manager at Agere. "We've failed if this
> is difficult [to use]," he says. "Everyone has a vested interest in
> making this work."
>
> There will be significant investment. The overall 802.11b market is
> expected to keep growing at a healthy rate despite the economic
> slowdown, according to an April report by Cahners In-Stat. By 2005, the
> firm estimates that companies will be spending nearly $6.4
> billion on WLAN equipment. Companies such as IBM, Compaq and Dell are
> introducing notebook PCs with built-in 802.11b radios and
> antennas. Adapter card vendors have just started bringing out 802.11b
> cards for handheld computers, such as those using the
> Microsoft PocketPC software.
>
> The carriers are watching the project closely, according to WISPr
> members. "There's a tremendous amount of work going on by all
> the carriers," said Allan Scott, business manager for the Americas at
> Agere. "They're all involved in Wi-Fi products. They're very quiet
> about it, but they're all doing it."
>
> The WISPr group has no set schedule to complete its work, so it's
> difficult to say exactly when 802.11b roaming will become reality.
> Agere's Manning says he hopes the group will have a final document by
> year-end. Users can expect to see roaming being
> implemented more widely in the next two years, with the pace
> accelerating as carriers get into the action as the number of WLAN
> clients surges, each one representing a potential subscriber for
> wireless data services.
> ------- end of forwarded message -------
>



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Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 12:43:39 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
        Bernard Aboba <Aboba@Internaut.com>, David Mitton <David@Mitton.com>,
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Server Identification
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In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.21.0105311540220.373-100000@knox6039>; from meklund@cisco.com on Thu, May 31, 2001 at 04:03:26PM -0400
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On Thu, May 31, 2001 at 04:03:26PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> Pat, 
> 
> On Thu, 31 May 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > On Wed, May 30, 2001 at 04:38:10PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > Pat,
> > > 
> > > If you had
> > > 
> > > If you have a proxy that speaks both radius and diameter and is
> > > connected to a radius NAS and a Diameter server, could it set
> > > the NAS identifier as below before proxying to the Diameter
> > > server?
> > > 
> > > radius://nas.legacy.xyz:1813;transport=udp
> > 
> > Seems like a good idea for a protocol gateway to do. I guess
> > that would belong somewhere in the NASREQ spec. I suppose I should
> > open a separate issue on that one.
> 
> Sounds good.  It would also involve the base.  A change
> something like this would be needed.
> 

Actually, what I've come up with is the following:

2.7  Diameter Identity Encoding

   Several Diameter AVPs are used to include a node's identity, such as
   the Destination-Host, Origin-Host, Route-Record, etc. The contents of
   such AVPs follow the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [47]
   rules specified below:

      Diameter-Identity  = [protocol] fqdn [ port ]
                           [ transport ]

      protocol-name      = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )

      protocol           = protocol-name "://"
      ; If absent, the default is "diameter://"

      fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name

      port               = ":" port
      ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.

      transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
      ; If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is assumed.
      ; UDP is ONLY used when the protocol is set to RADIUS

   The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:

      host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
      diameter://host.abc.com
      diameter://host.abc.com:6666
      diameter://host.abc.com;transport=tcp
      diameter://host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
      radius://host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp

Comments?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 16:04:25 2001
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Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 15:59:38 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Server Identification
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Pat, 

This looks good.  At first I was concerned about the possibility
that someone comes up with some other protocol, but I'm not too
worded about that.  If they want to use something other than
(tacacs+, diameter, or radius), they can.  They will be in
violation of the RFC, but only the most pedantic will care.  If
a new version of the RFC comes out, they will probably push to
get it added.  No need to document a procedure for everything.

-mark

On Fri, 1 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> On Thu, May 31, 2001 at 04:03:26PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > Pat, 
> > 
> > On Thu, 31 May 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > 
> > > On Wed, May 30, 2001 at 04:38:10PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > Pat,
> > > > 
> > > > If you had
> > > > 
> > > > If you have a proxy that speaks both radius and diameter and is
> > > > connected to a radius NAS and a Diameter server, could it set
> > > > the NAS identifier as below before proxying to the Diameter
> > > > server?
> > > > 
> > > > radius://nas.legacy.xyz:1813;transport=udp
> > > 
> > > Seems like a good idea for a protocol gateway to do. I guess
> > > that would belong somewhere in the NASREQ spec. I suppose I should
> > > open a separate issue on that one.
> > 
> > Sounds good.  It would also involve the base.  A change
> > something like this would be needed.
> > 
> 
> Actually, what I've come up with is the following:
> 
> 2.7  Diameter Identity Encoding
> 
>    Several Diameter AVPs are used to include a node's identity, such as
>    the Destination-Host, Origin-Host, Route-Record, etc. The contents of
>    such AVPs follow the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [47]
>    rules specified below:
> 
>       Diameter-Identity  = [protocol] fqdn [ port ]
>                            [ transport ]
> 
>       protocol-name      = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )
> 
>       protocol           = protocol-name "://"
>       ; If absent, the default is "diameter://"
> 
>       fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name
> 
>       port               = ":" port
>       ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.
> 
>       transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
>       ; If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is assumed.
>       ; UDP is ONLY used when the protocol is set to RADIUS
> 
>    The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:
> 
>       host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
>       diameter://host.abc.com
>       diameter://host.abc.com:6666
>       diameter://host.abc.com;transport=tcp
>       diameter://host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
>       radius://host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp
> 
> Comments?
> 
> PatC
> 



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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Server Identification
Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 15:05:47 -0500 
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> On Thu, May 31, 2001 at 04:03:26PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > Pat, 
> > 
> > On Thu, 31 May 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > 
> > > On Wed, May 30, 2001 at 04:38:10PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > Pat,
> > > > 
> > > > If you had
> > > > 
> > > > If you have a proxy that speaks both radius and diameter and is
> > > > connected to a radius NAS and a Diameter server, could it set
> > > > the NAS identifier as below before proxying to the Diameter
> > > > server?
> > > > 
> > > > radius://nas.legacy.xyz:1813;transport=udp
> > > 
> > > Seems like a good idea for a protocol gateway to do. I guess
> > > that would belong somewhere in the NASREQ spec. I suppose I should
> > > open a separate issue on that one.
> > 
> > Sounds good.  It would also involve the base.  A change
> > something like this would be needed.
> > 
...
>       port               = ":" port

This is the only part I would draw into question, because it looks slightly
unclear.  I know what the intent was, but it looks as if this is a recursive
rule, and it will end up being one or more colons.  

Perhaps I'm nitpicking, but maybe this would be better:

        port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
                           ; A colon followed by the port number
                           ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is
assumed.
...
> Comments?

Looks good!


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 16:13:13 2001
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To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Server Identification
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In-Reply-To: <35DBB8B7AC89D4118E98009027B1009B0ECF11@IL27EXM10.cig.mot.com>; from Brian.Cain@motorola.com on Fri, Jun 01, 2001 at 03:05:47PM -0500
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On Fri, Jun 01, 2001 at 03:05:47PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> This is the only part I would draw into question, because it looks slightly
> unclear.  I know what the intent was, but it looks as if this is a recursive
> rule, and it will end up being one or more colons.  
> 
> Perhaps I'm nitpicking, but maybe this would be better:
> 
>         port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
>                            ; A colon followed by the port number
>                            ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is
> assumed.

Perhaps a nit, but I believe you are correct. I will make the change.

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 16:29:58 2001
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From: James Kempf <James.Kempf@Sun.COM>
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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
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Actually, I think they are probably in need of some strong guidance
from IETF.

I recently reviewed a prerelease copy of a protocol done by a non-IETF
group based on IETF protocols. The proposal was sketchy and obviously
in an early phase, but there were misassumptions about how particular IETF 
protocols work, and lack of knowledge about ongoing work in
IETF groups associated with wireless networking. I actually wondered
if the authors had even read the RFCs upon which they were basing their
work.

Considering the breadth of things going on in IETF, it is probably
not suprising that this is the case, but it does mean we are going
to have to make an effort to educate them if we want them to use
the protocols the way they were intended by the designers.

		jak

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>From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
>To: "Randy Bush" <randy@psg.com>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
>Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
>Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 11:13:27 -0700
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>
>Randy Bush [maILTO:randy@psg.com] writes:
>
>One wonders if these people have ever heard of roamops (or the IETF, for
>that matter)...but wait, wireless is _differenr_ ;-)
>
>> via bert
>>
>> Story date(time): 05/29/2001(02:18 AM)
>> Effort afoot to provide wireless LAN roaming
>> InfoWorld Daily News via DowVision
>>
>> By John Cox, Network World Fusion InfoWorld.com
>>
>> A group of leading vendors is working to iron out the technical and
>> financial details needed to let mobile wireless LAN users connect
>> to almost any wireless ISP, similar to the way cell phone users can roam
>> and use multiple carriers to complete calls.
>>
>> The Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA), which includes
>> Cisco, IBM, Intel, 3Com and Microsoft, is looking to forge
>> relationships and network standards among wireless ISPs and eventually
>> carriers that will enable roaming for 802.11b wireless LAN
>> users. These standards will let vendors share subscriber usage and
>> billing data, so no matter how many different ISPs' subscribers are
>> used to make a connection from a plane, train or automobile, they only
>> get one bill from their "home" ISP.
>>
>> According to WECA members involved in the roaming project, the public
>> access wireless LANs now being deployed in airports,
>> convention centers and even restaurants will create a burgeoning web of
>> wireless LAN hot spots. These hot spots will let mobile
>> workers, with 802.11b-equipped computers, connect over a shared
>> 11M-bit/sec link to Internet-based services and corporate
>> networks. Most wide-area wireless data links today are based on much
>> slower cell phone nets.
>>
>> "What we're talking about is interservice provider roaming. As you go
>> from a corporate to a public net, you want to have user ID and
>> a password for the ISP. But you don't want to have a different one for
>> every wireless ISP net that you might traverse," said Greg
>> Homan, director of systems engineering at MobileStar Network of
>> Richardson, Texas, and a spokesman for the Wireless Internet
>> Service Provider Roaming (WISPr), a contingent within WECA that is
>> preparing the roaming proposal. "Within a corporate wireless
>> LAN, roaming among access points is handled as part of the 802.11b
>> protocol."
>>
>> The group is a mix of service providers, LAN equipment vendors and PC
>> makers, including Agere Systems, Dell, Enterasys and Nokia
>> and wireless ISPs MobileStar and Wayport. A draft will be presented at
>> the next WECA board meeting, June 13 in Helsinki, Finland.
>>
>> "Having roaming agreements is a great idea for any network," said Andy
>> Kasznay, software engineer with Northeast Utilities in Berlin,
>> Conn. The utility uses a cellular phone network to connect field workers
>> with laptops or PDAs to corporate data. "We currently don't
>> use 802.11b networks because there are only very limited locations where
>> they're available and a limited number of providers."
>>
>> Kasznay is clear on what he'd want from such a service as proposed by
>> WISPr. "One service provider with one bill," he said. "As far
>> as cost is concerned, it must be similar in cost to dial-up connections
>> from a hotel room, including the hotel fees and long-distance
>> charges for an average user session, but with faster throughput
>> [compared to dial up]."
>>
>> He's also convinced a WISPr service would be used mainly by the
>> utility's traveling executives and managers, not by electricians and
>> others in the field. "The area that our field force covers is far too
>> broad to be served by such a network," Kasznay said.
>>
>> Other issues could slow the roaming proposal. For example, the reach of
>> such a wireless LAN (WLAN) service will still be severely
>> limited compared to the cell networks because 802.11b, sometimes called
>> Wi-Fi, is a local network with a radio range of roughly 150
>> feet. The public access WLANs being created by the likes of wireless
>> ISPs MobileStar and Wayport, initially will be found in urban,
>> high-density areas. Most of these public WLANs are targeted at
>> white-collar business travelers. Blue-collar mobile workers likely will
>> have to rely on low-speed, but widespread, cell networks, such as
>> Cellular Digital Packet Data nets, for accessing data wirelessly. In
>> addition, the service providers that go forward with the WISPr roaming
>> will have to ensure they're offering a simple connection
>> process and a single bill to make such roaming a desirable service for
>> target users. And then there are security concerns.
>>
>> Specifically, WISPr is looking to define a tag that users could tack
>> onto their subscriber name. The tag will alert any WISP that the
>> user requesting service is "owned" by some other provider. Data about
>> the user and the service request will be passed to an
>> independent clearinghouse, which would coordinate transactions among
>> different parties-in this case, the WISPs.
>>
>> WISPr spokesman Homan said the arrangement will most likely use the
>> Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS)
>> protocol, which is widely used to coordinate authorization information
>> between remote users and an authorization server. The
>> clearinghouse would pass the user data to that user's WISP, which then
>> completes the authentication, bills the user and makes the
>> appropriate payment to the WISP serving as the user's access connection.
>> Users can then access their home WISP services and,
>> through the provider, their corporate net.
>>
>> WISPr members said the technology for sharing data between the ISPs is
>> relatively straightforward and most of the complexity
>> involves setting up standards for handling transactions between service
>> providers.
>>
>> "The billing systems are key to this," Homan said. "We're extending the
>> RADIUS protocol with specific [new] attributes, such as user
>> name, time spent online, bytes in or out, and so on. We'll also have
>> information about where the user is, through a location code, so
>> we can return site-specific services to that user."
>>
>> A WISP subscriber from the U.S., gaining access via a wireless LAN
>> service in a Swedish airport, would receive information in
>> English, for example.
>>
>> Keeping it simple will be the key to user acceptance, said Jeff Manning,
>> business development manager at Agere. "We've failed if this
>> is difficult [to use]," he says. "Everyone has a vested interest in
>> making this work."
>>
>> There will be significant investment. The overall 802.11b market is
>> expected to keep growing at a healthy rate despite the economic
>> slowdown, according to an April report by Cahners In-Stat. By 2005, the
>> firm estimates that companies will be spending nearly $6.4
>> billion on WLAN equipment. Companies such as IBM, Compaq and Dell are
>> introducing notebook PCs with built-in 802.11b radios and
>> antennas. Adapter card vendors have just started bringing out 802.11b
>> cards for handheld computers, such as those using the
>> Microsoft PocketPC software.
>>
>> The carriers are watching the project closely, according to WISPr
>> members. "There's a tremendous amount of work going on by all
>> the carriers," said Allan Scott, business manager for the Americas at
>> Agere. "They're all involved in Wi-Fi products. They're very quiet
>> about it, but they're all doing it."
>>
>> The WISPr group has no set schedule to complete its work, so it's
>> difficult to say exactly when 802.11b roaming will become reality.
>> Agere's Manning says he hopes the group will have a final document by
>> year-end. Users can expect to see roaming being
>> implemented more widely in the next two years, with the pace
>> accelerating as carriers get into the action as the number of WLAN
>> clients surges, each one representing a potential subscriber for
>> wireless data services.
>> ------- end of forwarded message -------
>>
>



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 17:15:47 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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Mark,

I am going through the last items that I haven't had a chance to address,
and this one in particular appears to be problematic. The suggested fix is
to remove an entry in the peer state machine, which would affect legitimate
cases where two connections are established by the same process. Should there
instead be some text that states that the peer's identity be examined, and not just
look at the IP Address?

What exactly was the suggested fix? The issue definition isn't really clear :(

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 17:26:08 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: What does "Snd-Conn-Nack" mean?
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Mark,

The proposal you have is to modify the state machine, but it doesn't really
state what we had agreed upon. I suspect that instead of Snd-Conn-Nack, it
should be Disc.

Does this work for you?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 17:36:14 2001
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        "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: "Randy Bush" <randy@psg.com>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: WECA 'extending' RADIUS?
Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 14:26:44 -0700
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John Schnizlein [mailto:jschnizl@cisco.com] writes:

> What is the fuss about?
> The reporter discovered that using RADIUS accounting for 802.11b
> wireless access exploits the benefits built into it for dial access.
> Nice of him to notice, but not a technology breakthrough.

If it was just the reporter it wouldn't bother me, but it seems that WISPr
itself is on a voyage of discovery through laboriously charted lands...

>
> The article does not mention any extensions to RADIUS,
> it simply describes a new use of RADIUS, especially its capability
> for global roaming through what we have been calling proxy forwarding.
> The "tag" the article mentions is just the home domain.

From the article:

"Specifically, WISPr is looking to define a tag that users could tack onto
their subscriber name.
                                   ^^^^^^
The tag will alert any WISP that the user requesting service is "owned" by
some other provider."

RFC 2486.

>
> The discussion about the importance of billing might create the
> impression of something new, but it looks like RADIUS accounting to me.
> And clearinghouse technology for RADIUS accounting has been used for
> PPP and voice calls, so this is not new either.

From the article, again:
'"The billing systems are key to this," Homan said. "We're extending the
RADIUS protocol with specific [new] attributes, such as user name, time
spent online, bytes in or out, and so on. We'll also have information about
where the user is, through a location code, so we can return site-specific
services to that user.'

Of these, the only thing that is new is the "location code" (which poses
significant privacy issues, BTW).  Note that this quote is from a WISPr
"spokesman", not the reporter.  Although it's certainly possible that he was
misquoted, if this statement is close to accurate we have people "extending"
the RADIUS protocol with "features" already present in it...

>
> Considering who has chimed in on this thread,
> I am now wearing my flame-retardant shorts. ;-)
>
> John
>
> At 11:22 AM 6/1/2001, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> >A good argument for "Expert review" as opposed to IANA assignment ;)
> >
> >On Fri, 1 Jun 2001, Randy Bush wrote:
> >> via bert
> >>
> >> Story date(time): 05/29/2001(02:18 AM)
> >> Effort afoot to provide wireless LAN roaming
> >> InfoWorld Daily News via DowVision
> >>
> >> By John Cox, Network World Fusion InfoWorld.com
>
>



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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: What does "Snd-Conn-Nack" mean?
Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 16:32:14 -0500 
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
...
> state what we had agreed upon. I suspect that instead of 
> Snd-Conn-Nack, it
> should be Disc.
>
> Does this work for you?

I like it.  I would assume we can replace the corresponding "Rcv-Conn-Nack"
events with the "Peer-Disc" events, too, right?

-Brian


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 17:42:11 2001
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On Fri, 1 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> Mark,
> 
> The proposal you have is to modify the state machine, but it doesn't really
> state what we had agreed upon. I suspect that instead of Snd-Conn-Nack, it
> should be Disc.
> 
> Does this work for you?

Yes, that works.
-mark

> 
> PatC
> 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 18:00:46 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ KDC proposed text
Message-ID: <20010601141756.I22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

I am in the process of addressing the issue that can be found at http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00230.html, and I have some... problems.

First off, the general idea is the provide some keying services, similar to those used in
MObile IP. However, in the Mobile IP extension, how these keys are used is well
defined. In this proposed text, it is really up in the air, and it leaves the reader wondering
why this is needed.

Am I the only one that sees this as a potential problem with the IESG?

Thanks,

PatC


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Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: What does "Snd-Conn-Nack" mean?
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On Fri, Jun 01, 2001 at 04:32:14PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> ...
> > state what we had agreed upon. I suspect that instead of 
> > Snd-Conn-Nack, it
> > should be Disc.
> >
> > Does this work for you?
> 
> I like it.  I would assume we can replace the corresponding "Rcv-Conn-Nack"
> events with the "Peer-Disc" events, too, right?

Is this really required? Isn't the above the equivalent of connect() failing?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 18:35:16 2001
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Pat,

Actually, at one time I thought I had a suggested fix, but now
I'm not sure.  Every time I think of changing the state machine,
I get a headache :(.  Here is the gist of the problem.

If we allow multiple peers at the same IP address, we have to
wait until receiving a DRI (or whatever it is now called) to
find out which peer it is.

Even then, how do we know which peer to which we are connecting?  
The diameter identity is [protocol] fqdn [ port ]. If I am a
server listening on port 1812, and I want to establish a
connection to another server on 1812, I can set the destination
port to 1812, but I cannot use 1812 on the source port.  Why?
Because I'm already listening to that port and can't bind to 
it for a connect.

So imagine one system a.b.c with a server (listening on port
1812) and a client (listening on port 2000) and system x.y.z
with a server (listening on port 1812).  Everything comes up at
the same time and attempts to make a connection.

Application  SAddr  SPort DAddr DPort Diameter Identity
a.b.c client a.b.c  3847  x.y.z 1812  a.b.c:3847
a.b.c server a.b.c  8852  x.y.z 1812  a.b.c:8852
x.y.z server x.y.z  9253  a.b.c 1812  x.y.z:9253
x.y.z.server x.y.z  9986  a.b.c 2000  x.y.z:9986

* The source port (SPort) is randomly chosen when binding to '*'.
* The identifier is the identifier sent in the DRI.
* when x.y.z receives "a.b.c:3847" and "a.b.c:8852", it doesn't
  know which application to associate it with.

My conclusions:
1. We cannot drop a connection until the DRI is received.

2. The state machine must be modified to reflect this. (commence headaches)

3. The Diameter Identifier port number must be the port on which
   the peer listens, not the source port that from which
   connecting.  For the example above, the a.b.c client would
   have a Diameter Identifier of "a.b.c:2000" even if the source
   port were 3847.

Sorry, no solutions at this point.

-mark

On Fri, 1 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> Mark,
> 
> I am going through the last items that I haven't had a chance to address,
> and this one in particular appears to be problematic. The suggested fix is
> to remove an entry in the peer state machine, which would affect legitimate
> cases where two connections are established by the same process. Should there
> instead be some text that states that the peer's identity be examined, and not just
> look at the IP Address?
> 
> What exactly was the suggested fix? The issue definition isn't really clear :(
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> PatC
> 





From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 18:51:05 2001
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Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 15:40:25 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
Message-ID: <20010601154025.M22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Below is my proposed (slightly modified) text that discusses the KDC proposal.
I did remove the SPI field, since this is really a Mobile IP thing, and the
original author had stated that he wasn't sure it would be needed in PPP.

Note, however, that I sent an e-mail earlier about how this should be used,
as it really isn't clear, and perhaps what is needed is an additional AVP that
informs the NAS what to do with the key. Without this, the NAS would have to
guess whether it should use the key for 802.11 over the air security, securing
the phone line, etc.

Ideas?

PatC
----
2.1.3  NAS-Session-Key AVP




Calhoun et al.            expires October 2001                  [Page 9]





Internet-Draft                                                  May 2001


   The NAS-Session-Key AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Grouped, and
   contains a session key distributed from Diameter servers to clients.
   The keys MAY be used for integrity and/or confidentiality protection
   between the NAS and the user. The keys MAY be distributed to the user
   as part of an EAP authentication exchange. Its Data field has the
   following ABNF grammar:

      NAS-Session-Key ::= < AVP Header: TBD >
                          { NAS-Key-Direction }
                          { NAS-Key-Type }
                          { NAS-Key }
                        * [ AVP ]

   NAS session keys are the keys created by a Diameter server, which it
   distributes to the NAS, acting as a Diameter client. The keys can be
   used for integrity and confidentiality protection between the NAS and
   the user. The keys can be distributed to the user for example as part
   of the EAP authentication procedure.

   If strong authentication and confidentiality of the session keys is
   required, it is recommended that the CMS security application [13] be
   used to protect the NAS-Session-Key AVP.

   The NAS-Session-Key AVP MAY appear zero or more times in the AAA and
   DEA messages. When more than one NAS-Session-Key AVP is present in a
   message, either the NAS-Key-Type or the NAS-Key-Direction AVPs MUST
   have different values. Otherwise, the AVPs would conflict with each
   other.

   The lifetime of the NAS-Session-Key AVP is found in the
   Authorization-Lifetime AVP. If a re-authorization request is received
   prior to the expiration of the lifetime, new keys will need to be
   distributed.


2.1.4  NAS-Key-Direction

   The NAS-Key-Direction AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and
   specifies the direction that the traffic is to be protected with the
   key. The following values are supported:

      BIDIRECTIONAL              0
         The key is used in both directions

      UPLINK                     1
         The key is used for traffic from the user

      DOWNLINK                   2



Calhoun et al.            expires October 2001                 [Page 10]





Internet-Draft                                                  May 2001


         The key is used for traffic sent to user


2.1.5  NAS-Key-Type

   The NAS-Key-Type AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and
   specifies how the key is to be used. The following values are
   supported:

      CIPHER_KEY                 1
         The key is used to encrypt data

      INTEGRITY_KEY              2
         The key is used to authenticate the data


2.1.6  NAS-Key-Data

   The NAS-Key-Data AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type OctetString and
   contains the session key to be used between the user and the access
   device.



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Fri Jun  1 19:05:10 2001
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Date: Fri, 1 Jun 2001 15:53:14 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Multi-roundtrip Mobile IP authentication
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All,

While fixing Issue #32, I have had to add some provisions in the base protocol
to allow for multi-round authentication exchanges. The following Result-Code
was added to handle this case:

"     DIAMETER_ERROR_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH   1001
         This informational error is returned by a Diameter server to
         inform the access device that the authentication mechanism
         being used required multiple round trip, and a subsequent
         request needs to be issued in order for access to be granted."

Since the base now supports this, I have made the following change to
section 2.2 of the Mobile IP extension, which handles this specific
issue:

"An AMA message with the Result-Code set to DIAMETER_ERROR_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH
MAY include mobile node registration key AVPs (see Section 6.1) such as
the MIP-MN-to-FA-Key AVP and the MIP-MN-to-HA-Key AVP. If such an AVP
is present in the AMA message, the foreign agent MUST include the
corresponding Mobile IP key distribution extension in the Registration
Reply it sends to the mobile node. This is to support multi-roundtrip
authentication mechanisms."

Hopefully this one is dead.

Thanks,

PatC


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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ KDC proposed text
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> First off, the general idea is the provide some keying services, similar to those used in
> MObile IP. 

For AAA, the need is for "key transport" as opposed to "key derivation". 

For EAP methods that derive session keys, there needs to be a mechanism to
transport the keys from the AAA server to the NAS. Typically the keys are
required by layer 2 media that provide security services -- PPP ECP,
802.11 WEP, etc. 





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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ KDC proposed text
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On Fri, Jun 01, 2001 at 10:47:56PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> > First off, the general idea is the provide some keying services, similar to those used in
> > MObile IP. 
> 
> For AAA, the need is for "key transport" as opposed to "key derivation". 
> 
> For EAP methods that derive session keys, there needs to be a mechanism to
> transport the keys from the AAA server to the NAS. Typically the keys are
> required by layer 2 media that provide security services -- PPP ECP,
> 802.11 WEP, etc. 
> 

Cool, then the spec really should be able to state why the keys are being
delivered. Perhaps a new enum AVP that includes 802.11 WEP, PPP ECP, etc.
Without this, the reader is left wondering why these keys are even used.

Of course, for each enum, a reference to a spec that explains how the keys
are used would be most beneficial.

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Sat Jun  2 15:59:48 2001
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Pat,

Here is my proposed solution for multi-process access.  

* The state table is massively modified.  

* I added a drawing of the state changes for an initiator and
  requester when everything goes correctly as Section 8.5.

* The Diameter-Identifier still has to use the port number which
  the Diameter server Listens which may not be the source port.

* I couldn't remember what DRI changed to so I called it DRR and
  DRA in this document.

* I couldn't remember if Origin-FQDN changed.  So it still has
  the same name.

			     
8.0  Peer State Machine

   This section contains a finite state machine, that MUST be observed
   by all Diameter implementations. Each Diameter node MUST follow the
   state machine described below when communicating with each peer.
   Multiple actions are separated by commas, and may continue on
   succeeding lines as space requires. Similarly, state and next state
   may also span multiple lines as space requires.

   There may be at most one transport connection between any two peers
   over which Diameter messages may be passed. This state machine is
   intended to handle both the simple case, in which one peer initiates
   a connection to the other, and the complex case, in which each peer
   simultaneously initiates a connection to the other. In the complex
   case, an election occurs to determine which transport connection will
   survive.

   I- is used to represent the initiator (connecting) connection, while
   the R- is used to represent the responder (listening) connection. The
   lack of a prefix indicates that the event or action is the same
   regardless of the connection on which the event occurred.

   The stable states that a state machine may be in are Closed, and
   Open; all other states are intermediate.

   The DRR is always sent by the initiator immediately after a
   connection establishment.  After the election, the responder sends
   a DRA.  This DRA will contain either a Result-Code AVP of
   DIAMETER_SUCCESS, DIAMETER_SESSION_DENIED or
   DIAMETER_SESSION_EXISTS.  If the result is DIAMETER_SESSION_DENIED
   or DIAMETER_SESSION_EXISTS, the receiver of the DRA MUST close the
   connection.

   Since the identity of the peer is not known until either a DRR
   or DRA is received, it is possible for two connections to be briefly
   established.  This is why there is an election process for both
   the initiator and the responder.  This also means that each program
   may only have one election at a time.  This is the reason for the
   *-Wait-Lock state.

   The state machine constrains only the behavior of a Diameter
   implementation as seen by Diameter peers through events on the wire.
   Any implementation that produces equivalent results is considered
   compliant.


      state            event              action         next state
      -----------------------------------------------------------------
      Closed           Start            Snd-Conn-Req     I-Wait-Conn-Ack
                       Rcv-Conn-Req     Snd-Conn-Ack     R-Wait-DRR

      I-Wait-Conn-Ack  Rcv-Conn-Ack     Snd-DRR          I-Wait-DRA
                       Rcv-Conn-Nack    Cleanup          Closed
                       Timeout          Error            Closed

      I-Wait-DRA       Rcv-DRA          Elect-Lock       I-Wait-Lock
		       Rcv-DRA-Exist    I-Disc           Open
		       Rcv-DRA-Fail     I-Disc           Closed
                       Peer-Disc        Error            Closed
                       Timeout          Error            Closed

      I-Wait-Lock      Locked           Elect            I-Wait-Returns

      I-Wait-Returns   No-Contest       Elect-Unlock     Open
                       Win-Election     Elect-Unlock/    Open
					R-Disc           
		       Lose-Election    Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                        I-Disc		 

      R-Wait-DRR       Rcv-DRR          Elect-Lock,      R-Wait-Lock
                       Timeout          Error            Closed
                       Rcv-Conn-Disc    Error            Closed

      R-Wait-Lock      Locked           Elect            R-Wait-Returns

      R-Wait-Returns   No-Contest       Elect-Unlock     Open
                       Win-Election     Snd-DRA/         Open
                                        Elect-Unlock/
					I-Disc           
		       Lose-Election    Elect-Unlock/    Open
					Snd-DRA-Exist
                       Not-Allowed      Elect-Unlock/    Closed
					Snd-DRA-Fail

      Open             Send-Message     Snd-Non-DRI      Open
                       Rcv-Non-DRI      Process          Open
                       WatchDog-Timer   Snd-DWR          Open
                       Rcv-DWA          Process-DWA      Open
                       Stop             Disc             Closed
                       Peer-Disc        Disc             Closed
                       Rcv-DRR          Error            Closed

8.1  States

   Following is a more detailed description of each automaton state.

      Closed         A peer is initially in the closed state, and no
                     transport connection exists with the peer.

      I-Wait-Conn-Ack
                     A transport connection has been initiated with the
                     peer, and an acknowledgment is pending.

      I-Wait-DRA     The local Diameter node is waiting for the peer to
                     issue a DRA.

      I-Wait-Lock    The initiator is waiting for an election lock.

      I-Wait-Returns The initiator is waiting on the results of the 
                     election returns.

      R-Wait-DRR     A transport connection indication has been received
                     from the peer, and a DRR has yet to be received by
                     the peer.

      R-Wait-Lock    The responder is waiting for an election lock.     

      R-Wait-Returns The responder is waiting on the results of the
                     election returns.

      Open           The peer connection is open.


8.2  Events

   Transitions and actions in the automaton are caused by events.

      Start          The Diameter application has signaled that a
                     connection should be initiated with the peer.

      Rcv-Conn-Req   A transport connection indication from the peer has
                     been received.

      Rcv-Conn-Ack   A positive acknowledgment was received to a
                     locally initiated transport connection.

      Rcv-Conn-Nack  A negative acknowledgment was received to a
                     locally initiated transport connection.

      Timeout        An application-defined timer has expired while
                     waiting for some event.

      Rcv-DRA        A DRA message from the peer was received.

      Rcv-DRA-Exist  A DRA failure of DIAMETER_SESSION_EXISTS was
                     received.

      Rcv-DRA-Fail   A DRA failure of DIAMETER_SESSION_DENIED was
                     received.

      Rcv-DRR        A DRR message from the peer was received.

      Peer-Disc      A disconnection indication from the peer was
                     received.

      Locked         The election locking mechanism succeeded.

      No-Contest     An election was held, and there was only one
                     connection to this peer.

      Win-Election   An election was held, and the new connection to
                     the peer was the winner.

      Lose-Election  An election was held, and the existing connection to
                     the peer was the winner.

      Not-Allowed    Before the election was held, it was determined that
                     the peer was not allowed.

      Send-Message   A Non-DRI message is to be sent.

      Rcv-Non-DRI    A Non-DRI message was received.

      WatchDog-Timer The Watchdog timer expired, indicating that a DWR
                     message is to be sent to the peer.

      Rcv-DWA        A DWA message was received.

      Stop           The Diameter application has signaled that a
                     connection should be terminated (e.g., on system
                     shutdown).


8.3  Actions

   Actions in the automaton are caused by events and typically indicate
   the transmission of packets and/or an action to be taken on the
   connection.

      Snd-Conn-Req   A transport connection is initiated with the peer.

      Snd-Conn-Ack   an acknowledgment is sent in response to a connect
                     request, confirming that the transport layer
                     connection is open.

      Snd-Conn-Nack  A negative acknowledgment is sent in response to a
                     connect request, indicating that the request was
                     refused.

      Snd-DRR        A DRR message is sent to the peer.

      Snd-DRA        A DRA message is sent to the peer.

      Cleanup        If necessary, the connection is shutdown, and any
                     local resources are freed.

      Error          The transport layer connection is disconnected,
                     either politely or abortively, in response to an
                     error condition. Local resources are freed.

      Process-DRI    A received DRI is processed.

      Disc           The transport layer connection is disconnected, and
                     local resources are freed.

      I-Disc         When two connections exist to the same peer, disconnect
                     the connection to the initiator.

      R-Disc         When two connections exist to the same peer, disconnect
                     the transport connection of the responder.

      Elect          An election occurs (see Section 8.4 for more
                     information).

      Elect-Lock     Block any other elections from happening.  If the
                     election can happen in multiple threads, some form
                     of locking is needed.  If it can only happen in one
                     thread, no action is needed.

      Elect-Unlock   If election can happen in multiple threads, the
                     remove the lock gotten from Elect-Lock.

      Error          Report an error and do cleanup.

      Snd-DRA        Send a DRA with a Result-Code AVP of DIAMETER_SUCCESS.

      Snd-DRA-Exist  Send a DRA with a Result-Code AVP of 
                     DIAMETER_SESSION_EXISTS.

      Snd-DRA-Fail   Send a DRA with a Result-Code AVP of
                     DIAMETER_SESSION_DENIED.

      Snd-Non-DRI    A non-DRI message is sent.

      Snd-DWR        A DWR message is sent.

      Process-DWA    The DWA message is serviced.

      Process        A non-DRI Diameter message is serviced.


8.4  The Election Process

   The election is performed after receipt of either a DRR or a DRA.
   If this is the receipt of a DRR and the peer is not allowed to
   connect, a result of Not-Allowed is returned.  If the Origin-FQDN
   received in the DRR/DRA is not a peer that already has an open
   connection, No-Contest is returned.  Otherwise, there is a
   comparison of the the Origin-FQDN sent by its peer with its own
   Origin-FQDN (which it may or may not have actually sent). The
   transport layer connection with the higher value of Origin-FQDN is
   the one that survives. The comparison proceeds by considering the
   shorter OctetString to be null-padded to the length of the longer,
   then performing an octet by octet unsigned comparison with the
   first octet being most significant.  If the peer is the victor, 
   Lose-Election is returned otherwise Win-Election is returned.

8.5 Most Common State Transitions

   Below is a drawing of the most common state transitions where
   either a connection initiated (left) or requested (right) and
   the connection is made with no problems.  States are boxed.
   Events are plain text.  Actions are in parenthesis.  All states
   are shown in this drawing but several events not show.

       	       	        +------+	 
       	       	        |Closed|     	 
	   	        +------+	 
	   		  |  |		 		 
       	      +-----------+  +-----------+
              |                          |
            Start                   Rcv-Conn-Req
              |                          |
        (Snd-Conn-Req)             (Snd-Conn-Ack)
              |                          |
      +---------------+                  |
      |I-Wait-Conn-Ack|                  |
      +---------------+                  |
              |                          |
         Rec-Conn-Ack                    |
              |                          |
          (Snd-DRR)                      |
              |                          |
        +----------+               +----------+
        |I-Wait-DRA|               |R-Wait-DRR|
        +----------+               +----------+
              |                          |
           Rcv-DRA                    Rcv-DRR
              |                          |
         (Elect-Lock)               (Elect-Lock)
              |                          |
        +-----------+		   +-----------+
        |I-Wait-Lock|  	       	   |R-Wait-Lock|
        +-----------+		   +-----------+ 
       	      |                          |	
       	    Locked     	       	       Locked
       	      |                          |   	
           (Elect)                    (Elect)
              |                          |
      +--------------+            +--------------+
      |I-Wait-Returns|            |R-Wait-Returns|
      +--------------+            +--------------+
              |                          |
          No-Contest                 No-Contest
              |                          |
        (Elect-Unlock)         (Snd-DRA/Elect-Unlock)
              |                          |
              +-----------+  +-----------+
                          |  |
                         +----+
                         |OPEN|
                         +----+


-mark



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Sat Jun  2 18:01:59 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Multi-roundtrip Mobile IP authentication
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Why is this an error message rather than being handled the same way that
multi-round trip EAP authentication is (e.g. by use of a Challenge
method)? 

On Fri, 1 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> All,
> 
> While fixing Issue #32, I have had to add some provisions in the base protocol
> to allow for multi-round authentication exchanges. The following Result-Code
> was added to handle this case:
> 
> "     DIAMETER_ERROR_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH   1001
>          This informational error is returned by a Diameter server to
>          inform the access device that the authentication mechanism
>          being used required multiple round trip, and a subsequent
>          request needs to be issued in order for access to be granted."
> 
> Since the base now supports this, I have made the following change to
> section 2.2 of the Mobile IP extension, which handles this specific
> issue:
> 
> "An AMA message with the Result-Code set to DIAMETER_ERROR_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH
> MAY include mobile node registration key AVPs (see Section 6.1) such as
> the MIP-MN-to-FA-Key AVP and the MIP-MN-to-HA-Key AVP. If such an AVP
> is present in the AMA message, the foreign agent MUST include the
> corresponding Mobile IP key distribution extension in the Registration
> Reply it sends to the mobile node. This is to support multi-roundtrip
> authentication mechanisms."
> 
> Hopefully this one is dead.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> PatC
> 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Sat Jun  2 18:10:18 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
In-Reply-To: <20010601154025.M22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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> informs the NAS what to do with the key. Without this, the NAS would have to
> guess whether it should use the key for 802.11 over the air security, securing
> the phone line, etc.
> 

The NAS-Port-Type has been traditionally used by the AAA server in order
to determine what keying material to provide. However, this may not be
granular enough. For example, a NAS-Port-Type=802.11 can today do only WEP
v1.0, but in the future might also be capable of doing WEP2, AES/OCB, etc. 

So I think it might make sense to have a NAS-Ciphersuite AVP that could
encode the various security mechanisms the NAS is capable of implementing:

          PPP DES
          PPP 3DES
          PPP MPPE
          802.11 WEP
          802.11 WEP2
          802.11 AES/OCB



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Sun Jun  3 13:43:42 2001
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OctetString with null value

[This is a new issue, and has not been assigned a number.]

Submitter name: Paul Funk 
Submitter email address: paul@funk.com 
Date first submitted: May, 20001 
Reference: 
Document: Base
Comment Type: Technical 
Priority: 2
Section: 4.3
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The base draft calls for the value of an OctetString to be at least one 
octet long (9 or 13 octets in entire AVP). This conflicts with the NASREQ 
requirement for a NULL EAP-Payload to signify EAP-Start.

Either we must change NASREQ or we must change the definition of 
OctetString.

Requested change:

Note that RADIUS also uses an empty EAP-Message attribute to signify 
EAP-Start, and it would be wise to preserve that mechanism.

Presumably, the motivation for requiring at least one data octet is the 
notion that if the value were empty the AVP shouldn't be present at all.
But there is clearly a use for a distinction between empty AVPs vs. 
absent AVPs, as evidenced by EAP-Start.

I suggest we allow OctetString to have 0-length values, and say that 
the AVP length must be at least 8 or 12.

Paul


Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Accounting issue submission
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Here's the accounting clarification issue in an issue-form.
Issue number to be assigned. Yolanda, Pat, please review
the proposed modification.

/Jari
------

Accounting-Record-Type and clarification 
Submitter name: Jari Arkko (originally Yolanda Garcia-Serrano)
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: 16-May-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00256.html
Document: Base 
Comment type: C 
Priority: 2 
Section: 12.5
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

The current draft version seems to have unclarity with respect to the 
use of the same session identity in several records, and the use of
different Accounting-Record-Types over the same session. This needs
to be clarified.

Requested change: 

At the end of section 12.5, add the following text:

A particular value of Accounting-Session-Id MUST appear only
in one sequence of accounting records from a DIAMETER client,
except for the purposes of retransmission. Note that sometimes such
sequence of records is related to a higher-level session, possibly
spanning several DIAMETER clients. The linking of such record
sequences together lies, however, outside DIAMETER and is
typically performed by postprocessing systems. It is the responsibility
of the particular extensions document to define a sufficient set
of AVPs so that this correlation can be done based on, for instance,
IP addresses. Likewise, the extensions document MUST also define
the exact concept of a session that is being accounted. For instance,
the NASREQ DIAMETER extension treats a single PPP connection
to a Network Access Server as one session.

The one sequence that is sent MUST be either one record with
Accounting-Record-Type AVP set to the value EVENT_RECORD,
or several records starting with one having the value
START_RECORD, followed by zero or more
INTERIM_RECORD, and a single STOP_RECORD.
That is, it is not allowed to mix record types, such as sending
interim records followed by an event record. A particular
extensions document MUST define which kind of sequences
should be used for the particular application.

Resolution: tbd





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Hi folks,

I've put my review comments for the e2e draft
to an issue form, 7 issues total. They are:

    e2e draft essr/essa delay
    e2e mandatory status
    e2e draft cert names
    e2e cms and pki profiling
    e2e unnecessary step via pkcs7-mime
    e2e unverified certs
    e2e draft editorial issues

(If possible, maybe we could sort the issue list according
to the draft they are on, so we could get the base draft
done first, then tackle these?)

Jari
-----
e2e draft essr/essa delay
Submitter name: Jari Arkko
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: 17-May-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00272.html
Document: e2e 
Comment type: Technical
Priority: 1
Section: -
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

- 3.1, the ESSR&ESSA scheme: here I think lies
  an issue that we should discuss in-depth and
  make sure we make the right design choice for
  DIAMETER. The way that the spec is written now,
  it basically requires all DIAMETER nodes to
  initiate the ESSR&ESSA handshake for all
  new domains. Nodes that do not support e2e
  will not be able to do this. Nodes that do
  support e2e are forced to an additional roundtrip
  delay even in the case that e2e wasn't really
  necessary for the domain.

  One way to deal with these kinds of situations is to
  use an optimistic mechanisms which naks the use of
  unsecured messages when e2e is required. However,
  the drawback of that is that potentially some data
  has already been revealed. But has it? It is hard
  for me to see exactly what sensitive information
  the first DIAMETER message versus the later ones
  have... this may need further analysis. I also lack
  a proposal how to handle the mixed security case
  with the currently proposed ESSR&ESSA scheme,
  i.e. who is responsible for doing the probing,
  and what support is mandated for which nodes.

- The caching of ESSR&ESSA information isn't
  discussed. Shouldn't it be?

- 5,0, the flow: what happens if the DRIs from the
  proxy onwards indicated that e2e security is not
  supported? Will the proxy return back a lower
  level DIAMETER error, or a fake ESSA with an error
  code?

-----

e2e mandatory status
Submitter name: Jari Arkko
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: 17-May-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00272.html
Document: e2e 
Comment type: Technical
Priority: 1
Section: -
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

- Before Figure 3, you talk about the expensive
  transformations and the need to have a mixed
  security model in some cases. I agree, but
  shouldn't we consider this also in the discussion
  of where e2e extension is mandatory? I.e. not
  make it a must for NASes...

-----

e2e draft cert names
Submitter name: Jari Arkko
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: 17-May-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00272.html
Document: e2e 
Comment type: Technical
Priority: 3
Section: -
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

- 3.1, the rfc822Address scheme: can we clarify the
  reason why the host name must take a special form?
  Is it because the CA might be the CA also for
  other nodes, but we want only a subset of nodes
  to be authorized to do DIAMETER. In other words,
  we are using the name field as a poor man's
  attribute certificate? I'm fine with it, just
  want to know...

-----

e2e cms and pki profiling
Submitter name: Jari Arkko
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: 17-May-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00272.html
Document: e2e 
Comment type: Technical
Priority: 2
Section: -
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

- 3.2, I think it would be valuable indeed to
  specify a more limited profile of both the
  PKI and CMS parts! In my opinion this work
  should perhaps take place now, before we
  publish the DIAMETER RFCs... one way to do
  this is to list exactly what is really required
  from CMS for instance... my guess is that
  we actually do need only a small fraction of
  CMS and not all variants of encapsulations.

- 6.1, the S/MIME profile reuse. Doesn't this limit
  the CMS to a fairly small subset? I lack sufficient
  knowledge of the S/MIME & CMS details to say whether
  something relevant is taken away, but perhaps you
  would care to comment on this? Note that I *do*
  want a small subset, but am just wondering if the
  s/mime subset is the one that we want.

- 6.1 and 6.2, the CMS object ContentInfo. May I
  suggest that we explicitly state here which one
  of the various alternative ContentInfo representations
  should be used? Perhaps we need just a single one,
  which would simplify implementation and analysis.

- The protocol provides support (although as a MAY?)
  for both CRLs and OCSP. Perhaps one would be enough.
  Or maybe we should go even further and state that
  if you want online or crl functionality, you must
  provide these outside DIAMETER...

-----

e2e unnecessary step via pkcs7-mime
Submitter name: Jari Arkko
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: 17-May-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00272.html
Document: e2e 
Comment type: Technical
Priority: 2
Section: -
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

- In 6.1 you mention the signing of an encrypted
  AVP to be done through the MIME type application/
  pkcs7-mime. Is this really necessary, and doesn't
  it introduce an unnecessary temporary (and large)
  object creation? We couldn't we just state that the
  signature applies to the BER result?

-----

e2e unverified certs
Submitter name: Jari Arkko
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: 17-May-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00272.html
Document: e2e 
Comment type: Technical
Priority: 2
Section: -
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

- I'm wondering about the SHOULD NOT in the
  use of the PKI certs before they have been
  verified. I also see the note later in the
  doc. But nowhere you state what such other
  mechanisms might be! I really wonder why
  we need to do PKI schemes and then not use
  them... if these special cases don't need
  strong security, couldn't they live with
  hop-by-hop security?

---------

e2e draft editorial issues
Submitter name: Jari Arkko
Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
Date first submitted: 17-May-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00272.html
Document: e2e 
Comment type: Editorial 
Priority: 3 
Section: -
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

- 1.0: "IPSec" => "IPsec" (elsewhere correct)

- Abstract refers to non-repudiation. I seem to
  remember many discussions on the exact meaning
  of non-repudiation, perhaps it would make sense
  to change the text to be more specific. Like
  this: "..., for making it possible to prove
  the real sender of the data."

- Figure 1, maybe the example should number the
  servers DIA1, DIA2, and DIA3.

- 1.2: I don't understand why a node that supports
  e2e would not advertise this. Why not?

- 3.1: "digial" => "digital"

- 3.4, I would expect that the number of AVP
  encryptions one can do with the same symmetric
  key is fairly high, more like hours of use
  rather than minutes or few sessions. Also,
  perhaps the document would benefit from stating
  that the symmetric key optimization isn't possible
  for the signatures if non-repudiation is desires.
  (Right?)

- I suppose for the example's sake you're only
  signing NAS->home and only encrypting Home->NAS?
  But still both are possible on both directions,
  right?

- 6.5, I think it is better to keep the OCSP-desire
  and the nonce together.

- 6.8, I think we should just drop the top CA
  since that cert must be known by the initiator
  anyway.

- Reference [4]: dash might be in the wrong place.







From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Sun Jun  3 16:53:04 2001
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To: "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>,
        "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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References: <Pine.BSF.4.21.0106021452320.57930-100000@internaut.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
Date: Sun, 3 Jun 2001 23:53:03 +0300
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Bernard writes:

> The NAS-Port-Type has been traditionally used by the AAA server in order
> to determine what keying material to provide. However, this may not be
> granular enough. For example, a NAS-Port-Type=802.11 can today do only WEP
> v1.0, but in the future might also be capable of doing WEP2, AES/OCB, etc. 

I think we need to separate three issues clearly here. One, several
authentication methods provide session keys as a side effect in
their operation. Second, home aaa servers may wish to dictate
policy that some (or specific) sort of crytographic protection shall
be applied. Third, user devices and e.g. NASes have certain
capabilities which generally aren't the same in all the devices.

As we discuss the AVPs necessary for the KDC to operate, we need
to decide which of the above three aspects we are really looking at.
Are we making the home aaa server the ultimate policy server? In
that case it needs to deliver a lot of information regarding how the
desired protection scheme is run, and with which parameters. This
may not be easy in all cases. If the home AAA server delivers keys
and dictates that WEP2 shall be applied, the particular NAS the
user is on today might not support that. For this reason it is necessary
to do what Bernard suggests, either look at the NAS-Port-Type or
the NAS-Ciphersuite AVP, and therefore have the aaa server get
more information on this. However, even this may not be enough, as
the user device might also have some limitations in this respect.
In some cases such information would be available, such as in the
following: I think the 3GPP intends to use a new header field in SIP
to deliver protection scheme capability information in the REGISTER
messages. On some other cases this might not be available, such
as in PPP we can't easily (?) ask the peer if they can do encryption without
turning it on at the same time.

Another way to look at this is to consider the home AAA server
just as a provider of the keying material, and leaving the actual
selection of schemes to the NAS and the user device. For instance,
on PPP links we can negotiate the use of PPP encryption. Or on
802.1x systems Key Descriptor Frame contains an indication of
which scheme should be run. Specific application protocols may
have their own schemes, such as in the SIP example I gave above.
How the actual selection is done, what the alternatives are and so
forth would be left to the particular access type or application definitions,
such as the 802.1x documents. Benefits of this approach include
simplicity and the main drawback is the possibility that weaker security
than desired by the home aaa server could be applied (but that could
be dealt with by having the clients require a certain level by themselves).

What shall we do, then? I would say this depends on how much
we are required to do. I personally feel that the just-keying-material
approach is sufficient, and the user/NAS can handle the rest. But
I'm willing to be convinced otherwise...

Jari





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From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: "David Spence" <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
        "Bernard Aboba" <Aboba@Internaut.com>, <David@Mitton.com>,
        "AAA Working Group" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        "David Mitton" <DMitton@Nortelnetworks.com>
Cc: <jari.arkko@ericsson.fi>
References: <3B059F74.C481A12@Interlinknetworks.com> <3B154D65.C578BA12@Interlinknetworks.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 00:28:26 +0300
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David Spence wrote:

>     In thinking about this proposal since the interim meeting, I do have
>     one reservation.  In the primary use of the Acct-Multi-Session-ID AVP
>     to support PPP Multilink connections, there is an authentication/
>     authorization request for each single link as it comes up.  Thus,
>     each Accounting-Request message can be matched to an authentication/
>     authorization message by using the Session-ID AVP.  With the 3GPP2
>     standard, this will not be the case.  Successive accounting sessions
>     do not have corresponding auth/auth sessions.  Instead, one long
>     auth/auth session will match a series of shorter accounting sessions.

I'm not sure the difference is significant. We already agreed earlier to
allow accounting records for sessions that do not perform authentication/
authorization. So, for PPP multilink we get a bunch of correlated accounting
records, all of which happen to be also authenticated. For 3GPP2, we
also get a bunch of correlated accounting records, except that only one
of them is authenticated in the DIAMETER sense. 

Also, the mult-session-identity would potentially be useful also elsewhere.

Jari





From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 09:52:07 2001
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Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 06:41:48 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Multi-roundtrip Mobile IP authentication
Message-ID: <20010604064148.Y22616@charizard.diameter.org>
Mail-Followup-To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>,
	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
References: <20010601155314.N22616@charizard.diameter.org> <Pine.BSF.4.21.0106021451030.57930-100000@internaut.com>
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On Sat, Jun 02, 2001 at 02:51:48PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> Why is this an error message rather than being handled the same way that
> multi-round trip EAP authentication is (e.g. by use of a Challenge
> method)? 

I caught that over the weekend, and have since fixed it. It was a cut-and-paste
like error :(

PatC
> 
> On Fri, 1 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > All,
> > 
> > While fixing Issue #32, I have had to add some provisions in the base protocol
> > to allow for multi-round authentication exchanges. The following Result-Code
> > was added to handle this case:
> > 
> > "     DIAMETER_ERROR_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH   1001
> >          This informational error is returned by a Diameter server to
> >          inform the access device that the authentication mechanism
> >          being used required multiple round trip, and a subsequent
> >          request needs to be issued in order for access to be granted."
> > 
> > Since the base now supports this, I have made the following change to
> > section 2.2 of the Mobile IP extension, which handles this specific
> > issue:
> > 
> > "An AMA message with the Result-Code set to DIAMETER_ERROR_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH
> > MAY include mobile node registration key AVPs (see Section 6.1) such as
> > the MIP-MN-to-FA-Key AVP and the MIP-MN-to-HA-Key AVP. If such an AVP
> > is present in the AMA message, the foreign agent MUST include the
> > corresponding Mobile IP key distribution extension in the Registration
> > Reply it sends to the mobile node. This is to support multi-roundtrip
> > authentication mechanisms."
> > 
> > Hopefully this one is dead.
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > 
> > PatC
> > 
> 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 10:23:35 2001
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Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 10:23:45 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable server.
 (2nd try)
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All,

I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
with no Destination-FQDN, let them.

-mark


Submitter name: Mark Eklund
Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section:
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

* The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN

* There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
  should be that of the last place you authenticated.

* What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
  of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
  realm.

Requested change:

One or more of the following changes:

1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
   state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
   A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.

2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a 
   DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
   a Destination-FQDN.

3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.

4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP 
   that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication 
   process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
   the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.

====================================================================




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 10:32:18 2001
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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: "IETF AAA WG" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Issue 35: Device-Reboot-Ind isn't an appropriate name
Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 10:32:53 -0400
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Submitter name: Mark Jones
Submitter email address: mjones@bridgewatersystems.com
Date first submitted: Interim AAA Meeting in May, 2001
Reference: Issue #35 on http://www.diameter.org/issues.html
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 3.1, 6.0, 6.2.*, 8.*, 9.2.2.4
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

The Device-Reboot-Ind (DRI) command is mis-named since this command is
sent when Diameter peers establish a transport connection and this does
not necessarily imply a reboot of either peer. The command is sent to
inform the receiver of the identity and capabilities of the sender and so
Device-Capability-Request/Device-Capability-Answer are more appropriate
for this command exchange.

Requested changes:

+ Replace references to "DRI" with "DCR/DCA".

+ Remove section for Device-Reboot-Ind.

+ Add section for Device-Capability-Request:

    The Device-Capability-Request (DCR), indicated by the Command-Code
    set to 257, is sent by the initiator of the transport connection to
    inform a Diameter peer of the identity and capabilities of the sender.

+ Add section for Device-Capability-Answer:

    The Device-Capability-Answer (DCA), indicated by the Command-Code
    set to [x], is sent in response to a DCR to inform a Diameter peer
    of the identity and capabilities of the responder.

+ Command content is unchanged from DRI except that
Device-Capability-Answer also contains the Result-Code AVP
(DIAMETER_SUCCESS, DIAMETER_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION,
DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_EXTENSION).

+ Update peer state machine: replace *-I-*-DRI with -DCR and *-R-*-DRI
with -DCA

Regards,
       Mark

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T7tvC7fFlbjI1ii4OdUDBYe5UC25qOt6xxbJvaElMhCm1ji8HNPxkoHI29wrVU/eXeMlXBAAAAAA
AAA=

------=_NextPart_000_070F_01C0ECE1.B502A4E0--



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 10:34:14 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        jari.arkko@ericsson.fi
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
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> As we discuss the AVPs necessary for the KDC to operate, we need
> to decide which of the above three aspects we are really looking at.
> Are we making the home aaa server the ultimate policy server? 

In most cases, the client and NAS negotiate the level of cryptographic
protection. For example, in PPP we have ECP; in 802.11 we have beacon and
association messages. There are cases where the NAS may
not be aware of what ciphersuite has been negotiated --  when the
negotiation occurs between the client and AAA server, such as in RFC
2716. 

In this case, the AAA server informs the NAS as to what
ciphersuite has been negotiated with the client. Similarly with keying --
the AAA server informs the NAS of the key that has already been negotiated
with the client via an EAP key deriving method. Calling the AAA server
"KDC" can be confusing -- because such a KDC may exist somewhere else in
the system  (as when Kerberos is being used within EAP). In all of this it
is really the EAP method that is doing the keying, and ciphersuite
negotiation, not the AAA server. 
 
I think that it would be helpful if this architecture could be
explained somewhere. Otherwise, people are likely to get confused by the
terminology.  


> If the home AAA server delivers keys
> and dictates that WEP2 shall be applied

WEP2 would probably  be negotiated between client and NAS, in which case
the AAA server would be *told* what was negotiated. If for some reason it
did not like this (e.g. a better level of protection is required), then it
would send a REJECT message.  About the only time when the AAA server
would need to tell the NAS what to do would be if protected ciphersuite
negotiation is supported within the EAP method, as it is in RFC 2716. In
that case, the AAA server and client negotiate a method, and then this
method is reflected in subsequent negotiations between client and NAS
(e.g. ECP). Typically the NAS supports the right method because the AAA
server took this into account during the negotiation. 

> as in PPP we can't easily (?) ask the peer if they can do encryption without
> turning it on at the same time.

Doesn't ECP negotiation handle this? 

> Another way to look at this is to consider the home AAA server
> just as a provider of the keying material, and leaving the actual
> selection of schemes to the NAS and the user device. For instance,
> on PPP links we can negotiate the use of PPP encryption. Or on
> 802.1x systems Key Descriptor Frame contains an indication of
> which scheme should be run. 

The Key descriptor frame is used mostly for conveyance of multicast
keys, *after* the session key has been derived and is available to both
client and AP. So it is not used for ciphersuite negotiation. I believe
that the latest proposal is that this information be placed in Beacon and
Association frames. 


> What shall we do, then? I would say this depends on how much
> we are required to do. I personally feel that the just-keying-material
> approach is sufficient, and the user/NAS can handle the rest. But
> I'm willing to be convinced otherwise...
> 

Typically we will expect an unprotected ciphersuite negotiation
between client and NAS, in which case the AAA server only needs to be
informed of what has happened. However, there are cases in which protected
ciphersuite negotiation occurs between client and AAA server, in which
case the AAA server needs to tell the NAS what has been negotiated.

Note that since this architecture has been in use for several years now,
we have some prototypes of how this can be done. See RFC 2548 for
examples. 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 10:41:25 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu, pcalhoun@diameter.org,
        "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>,
        jari.arkko@ericsson.fi
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Accounting issue submission
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Question about this recommended change. Will we now have *both* the
Acct-Multi-Session-Id and some other AVP? 

Also, AAA has traditionally supplied the Acct-Multi-Session-Id for the
explicit purpose of linking sessions together, so that this would *not* be
the responsibility of the back-end system (which can have a devil of a
time doing this without some help). IP addresses are generally not
sufficient since they are dynamically allocated, so I don't think this is
a good example to give. 

I do agree that the individual extension documents need to define what a
session is. For PPP, a summary accounting record is issued for each link
in use. Multiple links within the same session share an
Acct-Multi-Session-Id. Within 802.11, a summary accounting record is
issued for each client-AP session. Sessions created as a result of roaming
between APs have different Session-Ids, but are linked via the
Acct-Multi-Session-Id. 

Why can't one send Interim records, followed by a summary record? Isn't
this how RADIUS accounting works? 


On Sun, 3 Jun 2001, Jari Arkko wrote:

> 
> Here's the accounting clarification issue in an issue-form.
> Issue number to be assigned. Yolanda, Pat, please review
> the proposed modification.
> 
> /Jari
> ------
> 
> Accounting-Record-Type and clarification 
> Submitter name: Jari Arkko (originally Yolanda Garcia-Serrano)
> Submitter email address: jari.arkko@ericsson.fi 
> Date first submitted: 16-May-2001 
> Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00256.html
> Document: Base 
> Comment type: C 
> Priority: 2 
> Section: 12.5
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> The current draft version seems to have unclarity with respect to the 
> use of the same session identity in several records, and the use of
> different Accounting-Record-Types over the same session. This needs
> to be clarified.
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> At the end of section 12.5, add the following text:
> 
> A particular value of Accounting-Session-Id MUST appear only
> in one sequence of accounting records from a DIAMETER client,
> except for the purposes of retransmission. Note that sometimes such
> sequence of records is related to a higher-level session, possibly
> spanning several DIAMETER clients. The linking of such record
> sequences together lies, however, outside DIAMETER and is
> typically performed by postprocessing systems. It is the responsibility
> of the particular extensions document to define a sufficient set
> of AVPs so that this correlation can be done based on, for instance,
> IP addresses. Likewise, the extensions document MUST also define
> the exact concept of a session that is being accounted. For instance,
> the NASREQ DIAMETER extension treats a single PPP connection
> to a Network Access Server as one session.
> 
> The one sequence that is sent MUST be either one record with
> Accounting-Record-Type AVP set to the value EVENT_RECORD,
> or several records starting with one having the value
> START_RECORD, followed by zero or more
> INTERIM_RECORD, and a single STOP_RECORD.
> That is, it is not allowed to mix record types, such as sending
> interim records followed by an event record. A particular
> extensions document MUST define which kind of sequences
> should be used for the particular application.
> 
> Resolution: tbd
> 
> 
> 
> 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 10:47:14 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>, David@Mitton.com,
        AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        David Mitton <DMitton@Nortelnetworks.com>, jari.arkko@ericsson.fi
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
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> David Spence wrote:
> 
> >     In thinking about this proposal since the interim meeting, I do have
> >     one reservation.  In the primary use of the Acct-Multi-Session-ID AVP
> >     to support PPP Multilink connections, there is an authentication/
> >     authorization request for each single link as it comes up.  Thus,
> >     each Accounting-Request message can be matched to an authentication/
> >     authorization message by using the Session-ID AVP.  With the 3GPP2
> >     standard, this will not be the case.  Successive accounting sessions
> >     do not have corresponding auth/auth sessions.  Instead, one long
> >     auth/auth session will match a series of shorter accounting sessions.
> 

The same thing is true of 802.11. If the session is established on an AP
due to context transfer, then the AAA server will not have been contacted
for the purposes of authentication and authorization. Instead, the context
established originally is transferred to the new AP. The
Acct-Multi-Session-Id links the two sessions together. 





From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 12:18:17 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Cc: aboba@internaut.com, jonwood@eng.sun.com
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-ietf-aaa-transport-03.txt
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All,

First, sorry if I'm jumping all over the document, but I am trying to read
the problem statement (section 2), and then the solution (section 3), and
at times, the section numbers don't necessarily line up (e.g. sections 2.5
and 3.6 discuss duplicates). So, I am not asking that the document be 
re-arranged, I am just justifying why my comments aren't linear.

PatC
----

1. Conflicting Nagle info

Section 2.3 states "... the Nagle algorithm [12] is ineffective.", while
section 3.3 states "AAA implementations MUST enable the Nagle algorithm, RFC
896 [12]."

So if it is ineffective, why is it's support mandatory?


2. Multiple Connections

Section 3.4 states "AAA protocols SHOULD use only a single persistent
connection between a AAA client and a AAA proxy or server...". I have two
issues with this text:

       a. The current base protocol's state machine goes out of its way
          to ensure that there is only one connection between two peers
	  by running an election process when two connections are received.
	  This text states that it is possible to have multiple connections.
	  Is this required, or not? One of the documents will need to change.
       b. The new and improved base protocol makes use of the term agent
          to represent relay, redirect and proxies. Perhaps you want to
	  use this overloaded term instead of proxy.

3. editorial nits in 2.5

The following is wrong "... to cache responses so as to make it possible
respond to such duplicate requests more efficiently."

I am not sure what the implications are of the following sentence "As a
result, AAA servers must be prepared to detect duplicate requests sent to
multiple servers." This implies inter-server communication of e2e ids, I
think.

The last sentence in this section implies that a duplicate is ignored, while
in the earlier paragraph it states that one should cache responses to handle
duplicates.

4. Editorial nits in 3.5

The first paragraph that head of line blocking isn't ameliorated since
only a single connection is in use at a time. I assume that this text was
targetted specifically for TCP, and NOT SCTP that supports streams, right?
btw, the following paragraph sort-of discusses this, but this is misleading.

The second paragraph discusses multiple connections, and I understand that
this is between two peers, but the first paragraph introduces primary
and secondaries. This then sort-of questions whether we are talking about
multiple connections to a single server, or to the primary/alts.

Bullet item one is in direct conflict with the actual protocol. Do we really
want multiple connections?

"Note that this requires a way to easily to determine whether a Request
represents a new conversation or the continuation of an existing
conversation." First off, "... to easily to ..." needs to be fixed. Second,
the protocol doesn't really require this, but instead a way for a sender
to state whether a message needs to be sent to a specific server is required.
This is handled via the Desination-Host AVP (yes, all *-FQDNs have been
changed to reflect the server identity issue).

"...transactions that were to have been assigned..." perhaps should be changed
to "... transactions that should have been assigned..." Further, I am not
sure what this text really states. I presume that you aren't stating that if
a message is destined for a particular server, based on the message's 
Destination-Host AVP, it should be sent to another server instead. Surely this
could be done as an optimization if the servers were redundant, but this
doesn't belong in the spec. Perhaps you really meant based on the 
hash table, right?

"Similarly, re-opened connections not accumulating sufficient watchdog
responses do not force a reconfiguration until they are returned to service."
This implies that although a connection has been established with a peer,
and according to the state machine it would be in the open state, it really
shouldn't be used for some time. If this is true, does it need to be reflected
in the state machine, or this is text sufficient?

What is a table of transaction outcomes? You mean simple stats?


5. Nit in 3.6

"AAA protocols MUST support an end-to-end message identifier, to enable
the home server to detect duplicates." This reads as if the protocol
is missing something, and it is supported in Diameter. Perhaps change the
sentence so it doesn't read as a requirement of a missing feature.


6. Clarification in 3.8 required

Although if one was to look at RFC 2861, it would be obvious, this whole
section doesn't make it clear that this is specifically for TCP (I believe
since RFC 2861 is specifically for TCP). Perhaps SCTP has this feature
built-in, or not. What does one do in regards to SCTP?

ummm... same comment for 3.7

7. Terminology in 2.8 is inconsistent with base protocol

The term store and forward and transport proxies is used, but never
discussed in the base protocol. I would remove these, and perhaps even
use agents instead of intermediaries.

8. editorial nit in 3.9.1

diamter->Diameter

I honestly do not understand what the figure, or its explanation, really means

9. app vs. net driven 

The more usage of these terms I see in the spec, the more I believe they
need to be defined in the terminology section. 

10. Clarification required in 3.11

The text implies that only the NAS performs failover. However, the base
protocol allows agents to handle failover, reducing the latency required
by the NAS in receiving a response. So, only the agent (or client) that
notices that its peer is unavailable is the one that handles the
failover.

Is this section implying that the base protocol needs to change?

11. Inconsistency between 3.1 and Issue 2

While the transport draft states that a NAS MUST support TCP, and MAY support
SCTP, issue two states that a NAS MUST support one of the two. This was the
decision at the interim meeting, from comments generated on the list that
the text in the transport draft doesn't allow an SCTP only client.

12. Questions on section 3.2

What does "The watchdog is also used to re-open and validate connections
that have returned to health." mean? The state machine requires that the
DRR be used to set the state to open, not the watchdog.

The text reads that the watchdog may be used with primary/secondary
or load balancing configurations, but these concepts are introduced
in later sections. Either include a reference, or change the order of
the sections.

"Watchdog packets are not retransmitted where AAA protocols operate over
reliable transports." Huh??

"If the queue is not empty, then failover is initiated..." something is
missing here. Somehow failover is detected, but it appears a little
too "out of the blue" (for lack of better terms.... and caffein)

"Once the primary connection has failed, subsequent requests are sent to the
alternate server until the watchdog timer on the primary connection
is reset." if the connection has failed, how does one send watchdogs?

"The AAA client SHOULD wait to the transport to report connection" doesn't
read right, as does "but MAY chose to bound this wait time by the watchdog
interval, Tw."

"Once three watchdog messages have been sent and responded to, the connection
is returned to service, and transactions are once again sent over
it." is inconsistent with the base protocol state machine. Do we need 
to fix the base, or leave this as an implementation issue?




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 13:44:58 2001
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In-Reply-To: <577066326047D41180AC00508B955DDA02C00A35@eestqnt104.es.eu.ericsson.se>; from yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se on Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 07:04:20PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 07:04:20PM +0200, Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE) wrote:
> 
> So here comes the doubt, and is regarding *uniquely* under AVP Code paragraph: could the same AVP code (lets say 501) exist with different meaning for vendor Id=123456 and vendor Id=987654? In other words, the unique key that identifies an AVP is vendorId + AVP Code or just
> AVP Code?

You are correct. The Vendor-Id is used to identify the AVP Code namespace. The absence of 
the Vendor Id implies that it is zero (0), which is the IETF standards namespace. There
is more explanation in the IANA considerations section 15.1.1:

"the AVP Code namespace is used to identify attributes. When the Vendor ID
value is set to zero (0), IANA will maintain a registry of assigned AVP
codes, and in some cases also their values. AVP Codes 0-254 are
managed separately as RADIUS Attribute Types [46], while the remaining
namespace is available for assignment via Specification Required [12].

Vendor-Specific AVP Codes, where the Vendor-Id field in the AVP header
is set to a non-zero value, is for Private Use."


PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 13:59:47 2001
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From: "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: AVP code address space
Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 19:04:20 +0200 
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Hi, Pat and others:

I have a question on how the address to define AVP codes works for different vendor
ids. The I-D says:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.1 
  AVP Code
      The AVP Code identifies the attribute uniquely.
	...
  The 'V' bit, ...... When set the AVP Code belongs to the specific vendor code address
      space.

4.2  
   Vendor-Id
     Any vendor wishing to implement a Diameter extension MUST use their own Vendor-ID 
      along with their privately managed AVP address space, guaranteeing that
      they will not collide with any other vendor's extensions, nor with
      future IETF extensions.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

So here comes the doubt, and is regarding *uniquely* under AVP Code paragraph: could the same AVP code (lets say 501) exist with different meaning for vendor Id=123456 and vendor Id=987654? In other words, the unique key that identifies an AVP is vendorId + AVP Code or just
AVP Code?

Thanks in advance for your answer
BR
	/Yolanda Garcia




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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
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OK, I think that I have a good handle on what is needed, and am proposing the following
text. I believe this addresses the issues that were raised (sorry, I couldn't come up
with a better name :(

PatC
----

2.1.7  NAS-Key-Binding AVP

   The NAS-Key-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and
   specifies the purpose for the key. A Diameter client MAY include this
   AVP in a request to specify to the Diameter server the type of key it
   desires. This AVP MAY be present in a response from the Diameter
   server to inform the client of the type of key found in the NAS-
   Session-Key AVP. The following values are supported:

      PPP DES
         The key created is used to secure PPP links using DES [36]

      PPP 3DES
         The key created is used to secure PPP links using Triple DES
         [37]

      PPP MPPE
         The key created is used to secure PPP links using MPPE [38]

      802.11 WEP
         The key created is used to secure 802.11 links using WEP [x]

      802.11 WEP2
         The key created is used to secure 802.11 links using WEP/2 [x]

      802.11 AES/OCB
         The key created is used to secure 802.11 links using AES/OCB
         [x]


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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
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On Sat, Jun 02, 2001 at 02:59:59PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
>           802.11 WEP
>           802.11 WEP2
>           802.11 AES/OCB

Do you have references for these?



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 14:56:53 2001
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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: What does "Snd-Conn-Nack" mean?
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> > > Does this work for you?
> > 
> > I like it.  I would assume we can replace the corresponding 
> "Rcv-Conn-Nack"
> > events with the "Peer-Disc" events, too, right?
> 
> Is this really required? Isn't the above the equivalent of 
> connect() failing?

I'll defer to the expertise of the list.  

I'm under the impression that calling accept() or some such equivalent on a
listening socket, will send a transport "Conn-Ack" as soon as it receives
the connection request.  (i.e. accept would continue to block until after it
had sent the ACK).  This should cause the connect() on the other side to
succeed, though it would be quickly followed by a disconnection.  

Can someone confirm/deny this?

If I'm right about the above, then I think we'd want to ADD, not replace (as
I suggested before) the new disconnect events.

-Brian


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 15:04:54 2001
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Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: What does "Snd-Conn-Nack" mean?
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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 01:55:33PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> > > > Does this work for you?
> > > 
> > > I like it.  I would assume we can replace the corresponding 
> > "Rcv-Conn-Nack"
> > > events with the "Peer-Disc" events, too, right?
> > 
> > Is this really required? Isn't the above the equivalent of 
> > connect() failing?
> 
> I'll defer to the expertise of the list.  
> 
> I'm under the impression that calling accept() or some such equivalent on a
> listening socket, will send a transport "Conn-Ack" as soon as it receives
> the connection request.  (i.e. accept would continue to block until after it
> had sent the ACK).  This should cause the connect() on the other side to
> succeed, though it would be quickly followed by a disconnection.  
> 
> Can someone confirm/deny this?

There are really two cases. One where a connection request is unsuccessful, hence
the Nack, and one where the peers decides it does not wish the connection to be
established (after calling accept), and issues a disconnect.

> 
> If I'm right about the above, then I think we'd want to ADD, not replace (as
> I suggested before) the new disconnect events.

I believe that the case you are talking about is already covered:

      Closed           Start            I-Snd-Conn-Req   Wait-Conn-Ack
                       R-Rcv-Conn-Req   R-Snd-Conn-Ack   Wait-R-DRR

  +-> Wait-Conn-Ack    I-Rcv-Conn-Ack   I-Snd-DRR        Wait-I-DRA
  |                    I-Rcv-Conn-Nack  Cleanup          Closed
  |                    R-Rcv-Conn-Req   R-Snd-Conn-Ack   Wait-Conn-Ack/
  |                                                      Wait-R-DRR
  |                    Timeout          Error            Closed
  |
  |   Wait-I-DRA       I-Rcv-DRA        Process-DRA      I-Open
  |                    R-Rcv-Conn-Req   R-Snd-Conn-Ack   Wait-R-DRR/
  |                                                      Elect
  | +-->               I-Peer-Disc      I-Disc           Closed
  | |                  Timeout          Error            Closed
  +----- Connection is accepted, state is changed to Wait-I-CEA
    |
    +--- Disconnect is sent by peer

Is this handling the case you were refering to?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 15:33:33 2001
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From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: What does "Snd-Conn-Nack" mean?
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Brian,

In my suggested state table update (Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for
multi-process), I removed all Snd-Conn-Nacks and only have Disc.

-mark

On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:

> > > > Does this work for you?
> > > 
> > > I like it.  I would assume we can replace the corresponding 
> > "Rcv-Conn-Nack"
> > > events with the "Peer-Disc" events, too, right?
> > 
> > Is this really required? Isn't the above the equivalent of 
> > connect() failing?
> 
> I'll defer to the expertise of the list.  
> 
> I'm under the impression that calling accept() or some such equivalent on a
> listening socket, will send a transport "Conn-Ack" as soon as it receives
> the connection request.  (i.e. accept would continue to block until after it
> had sent the ACK).  This should cause the connect() on the other side to
> succeed, though it would be quickly followed by a disconnection.  
> 
> Can someone confirm/deny this?
> 
> If I'm right about the above, then I think we'd want to ADD, not replace (as
> I suggested before) the new disconnect events.
> 
> -Brian
> 






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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: What does "Snd-Conn-Nack" mean?
Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 14:08:49 -0500 
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> 
> On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 01:55:33PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
...
> > I'll defer to the expertise of the list.  
> > 
> > I'm under the impression that calling accept() or some such 
> equivalent on a
> > listening socket, will send a transport "Conn-Ack" as soon 
> as it receives
> > the connection request.  (i.e. accept would continue to 
> block until after it
> > had sent the ACK).  This should cause the connect() on the 
> other side to
> > succeed, though it would be quickly followed by a disconnection.  
> > 
> > Can someone confirm/deny this?
> 
> There are really two cases. One where a connection request is 
> unsuccessful, hence
> the Nack, and one where the peers decides it does not wish 
> the connection to be
> established (after calling accept), and issues a disconnect.

Ah.  I assumed "Nack" refered to explicit TCP or SCTP messaging.  I
understand now.

> > If I'm right about the above, then I think we'd want to 
> ADD, not replace (as
> > I suggested before) the new disconnect events.
> 
> I believe that the case you are talking about is already covered:

You're right.


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 16:56:44 2001
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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: "IETF AAA WG" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Issue 40: Can an AVP have zero data length?
Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 16:57:32 -0400
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[Note: This appears to be a duplicate of the issue raised by Paul Funk
earlier today but I'm posting it for completeness since it is already
being tracked on the issues web page. If Paul agrees, I suggest we track
his issue under #40 rather than create a new one.]

Submitter name: Mark Jones
Submitter email address: mjones@bridgewatersystems.com
Date first submitted: Interim AAA Meeting in May, 2001
Reference: Issue #40 on http://www.diameter.org/issues.html
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 4.3
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

In section 4.3 of the base protocol draft (-04), the Data field is
described as being zero or more octets in length. However, none of the
data types as defined in  section 4.3 of the -04 draft can have zero data
bytes.

From Paul's email earlier today (issue: OctetString with null value), the
Octet String can have zero bytes when the EAP-Payload AVP indicates
EAP-Start so the OctetString description is incorrect.

Requested changes:

+ Update the OctetString description as follows:

      OctetString
         The data contains arbitrary data of variable length and MAY be
         a null value, i.e. zero data bytes. Unless otherwise noted,
         the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8 (12 if the 'V'
         bit is enabled).  Data used to transmit (human readable)
         character string data uses the UTF-8 [24] character set and is
         NOT NULL-terminated. AVP Values of this type that do not align
         on a 32-bit boundary MUST have the necessary padding.

Regards,
       Mark

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From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:11:07 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Jones <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
Cc: IETF AAA WG <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Issue 40: Can an AVP have zero data length?
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In-Reply-To: <076d01c0ed38$f94712b0$2096a8c0@mjones.bridgewatersys.com>; from mjones@bridgewatersystems.com on Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 04:57:32PM -0400
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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 04:57:32PM -0400, Mark Jones wrote:
> [Note: This appears to be a duplicate of the issue raised by Paul Funk
> earlier today but I'm posting it for completeness since it is already
> being tracked on the issues web page. If Paul agrees, I suggest we track
> his issue under #40 rather than create a new one.]

We could, but I've already added the issue to the web site (and accepted it by me to
be included in the base -05 since EAP will not work without this change).

This issue, one the other hand, is asking for the inverse :)

PatC
> 
> Submitter name: Mark Jones
> Submitter email address: mjones@bridgewatersystems.com
> Date first submitted: Interim AAA Meeting in May, 2001
> Reference: Issue #40 on http://www.diameter.org/issues.html
> Document: Base
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 2
> Section: 4.3
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> In section 4.3 of the base protocol draft (-04), the Data field is
> described as being zero or more octets in length. However, none of the
> data types as defined in  section 4.3 of the -04 draft can have zero data
> bytes.
> 
> From Paul's email earlier today (issue: OctetString with null value), the
> Octet String can have zero bytes when the EAP-Payload AVP indicates
> EAP-Start so the OctetString description is incorrect.
> 
> Requested changes:
> 
> + Update the OctetString description as follows:
> 
>       OctetString
>          The data contains arbitrary data of variable length and MAY be
>          a null value, i.e. zero data bytes. Unless otherwise noted,
>          the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8 (12 if the 'V'
>          bit is enabled).  Data used to transmit (human readable)
>          character string data uses the UTF-8 [24] character set and is
>          NOT NULL-terminated. AVP Values of this type that do not align
>          on a 32-bit boundary MUST have the necessary padding.
> 
> Regards,
>        Mark




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:17:31 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-ietf-aaa-transport-03.txt
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> 
> 1. Conflicting Nagle info
> 
> Section 2.3 states "... the Nagle algorithm [12] is ineffective.", while
> section 3.3 states "AAA implementations MUST enable the Nagle algorithm, RFC
> 896 [12]."
> 
> So if it is ineffective, why is it's support mandatory?

It's only effective when requests are spaced closer together than the
RTT. That's not usually the case, but when it is, Nagling is useful. I'll
clarify the language on this. 

> 
> 
> 2. Multiple Connections
> 
> Section 3.4 states "AAA protocols SHOULD use only a single persistent
> connection between a AAA client and a AAA proxy or server...". I have two
> issues with this text:
> 
>        a. The current base protocol's state machine goes out of its way
>           to ensure that there is only one connection between two peers
> 	  by running an election process when two connections are received.
> 	  This text states that it is possible to have multiple connections.
> 	  Is this required, or not? One of the documents will need to change.

It was a SHOULD because making it mandatory seemed too harsh. I'm not
clear that allowing two connections for some short period of time is
really that bad, for example. If this would simplify the state machine,
then I think it would be a good tradeoff. 

>        b. The new and improved base protocol makes use of the term agent
>           to represent relay, redirect and proxies. Perhaps you want to
> 	  use this overloaded term instead of proxy.

Actually I was intending to substitute the term "agent" for
"intermediary". Where the term proxy is used, it really does mean proxy,
not all agent types (at least I think so... )

> 
> 3. editorial nits in 2.5
> 
> The following is wrong "... to cache responses so as to make it possible
> respond to such duplicate requests more efficiently."
> 
> I am not sure what the implications are of the following sentence "As a
> result, AAA servers must be prepared to detect duplicate requests sent to
> multiple servers." This implies inter-server communication of e2e ids, I
> think.

In practice it means having an accounting system that can weed out
dupes once received. If doing simultaneous usage assessment, it would mean
caching the response or including the session-id in the database so that
if a duplicate request comes in, you wouldn't send a Reject because the
person was already logged in once.

> 
> The last sentence in this section implies that a duplicate is ignored, while
> in the earlier paragraph it states that one should cache responses to handle
> duplicates.

I think that ignoring dupes is a bad idea. The goal should be to send the
same response. Whether that results from caching or not is an
implementation issue. 

> 
> 4. Editorial nits in 3.5
> 
> The first paragraph that head of line blocking isn't ameliorated since
> only a single connection is in use at a time. I assume that this text was
> targetted specifically for TCP, and NOT SCTP that supports streams, right?

Yes. Will clarify. 

> btw, the following paragraph sort-of discusses this, but this is misleading.
> 
> The second paragraph discusses multiple connections, and I understand that
> this is between two peers, but the first paragraph introduces primary
> and secondaries. This then sort-of questions whether we are talking about
> multiple connections to a single server, or to the primary/alts.

This is multiple connections to different peers, not the same peer. 

> 
> Bullet item one is in direct conflict with the actual protocol. Do we really
> want multiple connections?

Don't think there's a conflict because it's about multiple peers. 

> 
> "Note that this requires a way to easily to determine whether a Request
> represents a new conversation or the continuation of an existing
> conversation." First off, "... to easily to ..." needs to be fixed. Second,
> the protocol doesn't really require this, but instead a way for a sender
> to state whether a message needs to be sent to a specific server is required.
> This is handled via the Desination-Host AVP (yes, all *-FQDNs have been
> changed to reflect the server identity issue).

The question is whether the Destination-Host AVP MUST always be
present in continuing conversations and MUST NOT be present in new
conversations. If so, then this would be a suitable
mechanism: if it's there, it's a continuing conversation, otherwise a new
one. 

 > 
> "...transactions that were to have been assigned..." perhaps should be changed
> to "... transactions that should have been assigned..." Further, I am not
> sure what this text really states. I presume that you aren't stating that if
> a message is destined for a particular server, based on the message's 
> Destination-Host AVP, it should be sent to another server instead. Surely this
> could be done as an optimization if the servers were redundant, but this
> doesn't belong in the spec. Perhaps you really meant based on the 
> hash table, right?

If a message has a Destination-Host AVP then it should be sent to that
destination, UNLESS the destination is no longer available. Then it either
is dropped, an error message is sent, or it is sent to another
server. What is the appropriate action?

> 
> "Similarly, re-opened connections not accumulating sufficient watchdog
> responses do not force a reconfiguration until they are returned to service."
> This implies that although a connection has been established with a peer,
> and according to the state machine it would be in the open state, it really
> shouldn't be used for some time. If this is true, does it need to be reflected
> in the state machine, or this is text sufficient?

I think that it does need to be reflected in the state machine. Note that
this is only for re-opened connections, though, not new ones. 

> 
> What is a table of transaction outcomes? You mean simple stats?

Yes.

> 
> 
> 5. Nit in 3.6
> 
> "AAA protocols MUST support an end-to-end message identifier, to enable
> the home server to detect duplicates." This reads as if the protocol
> is missing something, and it is supported in Diameter. Perhaps change the
> sentence so it doesn't read as a requirement of a missing feature.
> 

Sure. That section was put in before this feature was added. 

> 
> 6. Clarification in 3.8 required
> 
> Although if one was to look at RFC 2861, it would be obvious, this whole
> section doesn't make it clear that this is specifically for TCP (I believe
> since RFC 2861 is specifically for TCP). Perhaps SCTP has this feature
> built-in, or not. What does one do in regards to SCTP?
> 
> ummm... same comment for 3.7

Will fix. 

> 
> 7. Terminology in 2.8 is inconsistent with base protocol
> 
> The term store and forward and transport proxies is used, but never
> discussed in the base protocol. I would remove these, and perhaps even
> use agents instead of intermediaries.

Yup. Will change "intermediaries" to "agents". It's ok if S&F and
Transport proxies aren't discussed in base -- as noted in the Appendix
they're not all that useful. 

> 
> 8. editorial nit in 3.9.1
> 
> diamter->Diameter
> 
> I honestly do not understand what the figure, or its explanation, really means

Will try to make it more clear. 

> 
> 9. app vs. net driven 
> 
> The more usage of these terms I see in the spec, the more I believe they
> need to be defined in the terminology section. 

OK. Will do. 
> 
> 10. Clarification required in 3.11
> 
> The text implies that only the NAS performs failover. However, the base
> protocol allows agents to handle failover, reducing the latency required
> by the NAS in receiving a response. So, only the agent (or client) that
> notices that its peer is unavailable is the one that handles the
> failover.
> 
> Is this section implying that the base protocol needs to change?

No. The term NAS should probably be changed to "AAA client". Agents can
indeed to failover. 

> 
> 11. Inconsistency between 3.1 and Issue 2
> 
> While the transport draft states that a NAS MUST support TCP, and MAY support
> SCTP, issue two states that a NAS MUST support one of the two. This was the
> decision at the interim meeting, from comments generated on the list that
> the text in the transport draft doesn't allow an SCTP only client.

OK. Is there text somewhere that should be inserted here?

> 
> 12. Questions on section 3.2
> 
> What does "The watchdog is also used to re-open and validate connections
> that have returned to health." mean? The state machine requires that the
> DRR be used to set the state to open, not the watchdog.

It means that when a connection is re-opened after being closed, that it
should not be used immediately until it is determined that the watchdog
can be transported reliably.  This could result in flapping during
periods where there are connectivity problems. 

> 
> The text reads that the watchdog may be used with primary/secondary
> or load balancing configurations, but these concepts are introduced
> in later sections. Either include a reference, or change the order of
> the sections.
> 
> "Watchdog packets are not retransmitted where AAA protocols operate over
> reliable transports." Huh??

Jon added this, to mean that the app does not send another watchdog, the
re-transmission is handled by the transport. Will try to make it more
clear. 

> 
> "If the queue is not empty, then failover is initiated..." something is
> missing here. Somehow failover is detected, but it appears a little
> too "out of the blue" (for lack of better terms.... and caffein)

Failure is detected from the fact that watchdog timer has expired and the
queue is not empty. 

> 
> "Once the primary connection has failed, subsequent requests are sent to the
> alternate server until the watchdog timer on the primary connection
> is reset." if the connection has failed, how does one send watchdogs?

The connection has not been reset and so it is still open. However,
the watchdog timer continues to run. It is possible that a watchdog
response will eventually arrive. If another watchdog timer expires, the
connection is closed. If the response arrives, then the connection can be
marked as "available" again. 

> 
> "The AAA client SHOULD wait to the transport to report connection" doesn't
> read right, as does "but MAY chose to bound this wait time by the watchdog
> interval, Tw."
> 
> "Once three watchdog messages have been sent and responded to, the connection
> is returned to service, and transactions are once again sent over
> it." is inconsistent with the base protocol state machine. Do we need 
> to fix the base, or leave this as an implementation issue?
> 

I think that there is a state machine change required for this. 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:18:17 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable 
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#3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
having to do so.

I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
they could elaborate.

Mark Eklund wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> 
> -mark
> 
> Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> Reference:
> Document: Base
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 1
> Section:
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> 
> * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
>   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> 
> * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
>   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
>   realm.
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> One or more of the following changes:
> 
> 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
>    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
>    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> 
> 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
>    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
>    a Destination-FQDN.
> 
> 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> 
> 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
>    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
>    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
>    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> 
> ====================================================================

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:19:19 2001
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From: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
        Bernard Aboba <Aboba@Internaut.com>, David@Mitton.com,
        AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
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> 
> David Spence wrote:
> 
> >     In thinking about this proposal since the interim meeting, I do have
> >     one reservation.  In the primary use of the Acct-Multi-Session-ID AVP
> >     to support PPP Multilink connections, there is an authentication/
> >     authorization request for each single link as it comes up.  Thus,
> >     each Accounting-Request message can be matched to an authentication/
> >     authorization message by using the Session-ID AVP.  With the 3GPP2
> >     standard, this will not be the case.  Successive accounting sessions
> >     do not have corresponding auth/auth sessions.  Instead, one long
> >     auth/auth session will match a series of shorter accounting sessions.
> 
> I'm not sure the difference is significant. We already agreed earlier to
> allow accounting records for sessions that do not perform authentication/
> authorization. So, for PPP multilink we get a bunch of correlated accounting
> records, all of which happen to be also authenticated. For 3GPP2, we
> also get a bunch of correlated accounting records, except that only one
> of them is authenticated in the DIAMETER sense. 
> 
> Also, the mult-session-identity would potentially be useful also elsewhere.

Well, the Mobile IP extension actually uses the Accounting-Session-Id in a
special way. When the authorization answer is sent back to the access device,
the message MAY include an Accounting-Session-Id, and if so, then all
accounting records for the particular session MUST use the session id returned.
 Of course, this is only for accounting, and would solve this particular
problem.

My solution: Propagate this information into the definition of the Accounting-
Session-Id in the base protocol.

PatC



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:33:57 2001
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Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 17:27:54 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable 
 server.(2nd try)
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David,

On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, David Spence wrote:

> #3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
> Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
> resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
> having to do so.
> 
> I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
> they could elaborate.

I don't favor #4, but I'll elaborate. The basic idea was to give
the server control over what is sent.  It could tell the client
to not use a Destination-FQDN.  It would do this with an
STR-Destination AVP which would be included in the AAA.

-mark

> 
> Mark Eklund wrote:
> > 
> > All,
> > 
> > I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> > is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> > with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> > 
> > -mark
> > 
> > Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> > Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> > Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> > Reference:
> > Document: Base
> > Comment type: T
> > Priority: 1
> > Section:
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > 
> > * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> > 
> > * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
> >   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> > 
> > * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
> >   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
> >   realm.
> > 
> > Requested change:
> > 
> > One or more of the following changes:
> > 
> > 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
> >    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
> >    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> > 
> > 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
> >    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
> >    a Destination-FQDN.
> > 
> > 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> > 
> > 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
> >    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
> >    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
> >    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> > 
> > ====================================================================
> 
> 



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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:14:24PM -0400, David Spence wrote:
> #3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
> Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
> resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
> having to do so.
> 
> I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
> they could elaborate.

I think that #2 is really the only sensible way of doing this. Otherwise, this
requires special handling of the STR by relays, and how would a client know
that it has been handled by a relay?

Further, I really think that the only way to fix this is to fix #38. The home
should state whether it *requires* that follow-on messages are to be sent to
the same server (for the session) or not. Otherwise, sending an STR to the
wrong server in the same realm MAY only cause confusion.

PatC
> 
> Mark Eklund wrote:
> > 
> > All,
> > 
> > I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> > is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> > with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> > 
> > -mark
> > 
> > Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> > Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> > Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> > Reference:
> > Document: Base
> > Comment type: T
> > Priority: 1
> > Section:
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > 
> > * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> > 
> > * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
> >   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> > 
> > * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
> >   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
> >   realm.
> > 
> > Requested change:
> > 
> > One or more of the following changes:
> > 
> > 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
> >    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
> >    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> > 
> > 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
> >    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
> >    a Destination-FQDN.
> > 
> > 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> > 
> > 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
> >    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
> >    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
> >    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> > 
> > ====================================================================
> 
> -- 
> David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
> Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
> 775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
> Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
> U.S.A.


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:35:18 2001
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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: "IETF AAA WG" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Issue 40: Can an AVP have zero data length?
Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 17:33:08 -0400
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Pat,

> This issue, one the other hand, is asking for the inverse :)
>

Didn't Paul request a change to the OctetString description such that it
can have 0-length values? I thought the OctetString text I suggested
addressed this.
What do you have for the OctetString description in the -05 draft?

Regards,
       Mark

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From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:35:54 2001
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Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 14:35:35 -0700 (PDT)
From: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Cc: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
        Bernard Aboba <Aboba@Internaut.com>, David@Mitton.com,
        AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        David Mitton <DMitton@Nortelnetworks.com>, jari.arkko@ericsson.fi
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> > 
> > David Spence wrote:
> > 
> > >     In thinking about this proposal since the interim meeting, I do have
> > >     one reservation.  In the primary use of the Acct-Multi-Session-ID AVP
> > >     to support PPP Multilink connections, there is an authentication/
> > >     authorization request for each single link as it comes up.  Thus,
> > >     each Accounting-Request message can be matched to an authentication/
> > >     authorization message by using the Session-ID AVP.  With the 3GPP2
> > >     standard, this will not be the case.  Successive accounting sessions
> > >     do not have corresponding auth/auth sessions.  Instead, one long
> > >     auth/auth session will match a series of shorter accounting sessions.
> > 
> > I'm not sure the difference is significant. We already agreed earlier to
> > allow accounting records for sessions that do not perform authentication/
> > authorization. So, for PPP multilink we get a bunch of correlated accounting
> > records, all of which happen to be also authenticated. For 3GPP2, we
> > also get a bunch of correlated accounting records, except that only one
> > of them is authenticated in the DIAMETER sense. 
> > 
> > Also, the mult-session-identity would potentially be useful also elsewhere.
> 
> Well, the Mobile IP extension actually uses the Accounting-Session-Id in a
> special way. When the authorization answer is sent back to the access device,
> the message MAY include an Accounting-Session-Id, and if so, then all
> accounting records for the particular session MUST use the session id
> returned.
>  Of course, this is only for accounting, and would solve this particular
> problem.
> 
> My solution: Propagate this information into the definition of the
> Accounting- Session-Id in the base protocol.

oops, Bernard is right, this *should* have been the Accounting-Multi-Session-Id
AVP, not the Accounting-Session-Id.

PatC



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To: Mark Jones <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, IETF AAA WG <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Issue 40: Can an AVP have zero data length?
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In-Reply-To: <079501c0ed3d$f2af3310$2096a8c0@mjones.bridgewatersys.com>; from mjones@bridgewatersystems.com on Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:33:08PM -0400
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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:33:08PM -0400, Mark Jones wrote:
> Pat,
> 
> > This issue, one the other hand, is asking for the inverse :)
> >
> 
> Didn't Paul request a change to the OctetString description such that it
> can have 0-length values? I thought the OctetString text I suggested
> addressed this.
> What do you have for the OctetString description in the -05 draft?

hmm.... now I'm really confused. -05 currently has:

   The Data field is zero or more octets and contains information
   specific to the Attribute. The format and length of the Data field is
   determined by the AVP Code and AVP Length fields. The format of the
   Data field MAY be one of the following data types.

   The interpretation of the values depends on the specification of the
   AVP.  For example, an OctetString may be used to transmit human
   readable string data and Unsigned32 may be used to transmit a time
   value.  Conventions for these common interpretations are described
   below.

      OctetString
         The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
         otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8
         (12 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  Data used to transmit (human
         readable) character string data uses the UTF-8 [24] character
         set and is NOT NULL-terminated. The minimum Length field MUST
         be 9, but can be set to any value up to 65504 bytes. AVP Values
         of this type that do not align on a 32-bit boundary MUST have
         the necessary padding.

So if your issue is consistent with the above change, then we can delete Paul's
issue and simply mark it as a dup.

PatC



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:49:00 2001
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Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 14:27:36 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable server.(2nd try)
Message-ID: <20010604142736.E22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:27:54PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> David,
> 
> On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, David Spence wrote:
> 
> > #3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
> > Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
> > resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
> > having to do so.
> > 
> > I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
> > they could elaborate.
> 
> I don't favor #4, but I'll elaborate. The basic idea was to give
> the server control over what is sent.  It could tell the client
> to not use a Destination-FQDN.  It would do this with an
> STR-Destination AVP which would be included in the AAA.

That's my preference. Don't send it unless the home server tells you it is ok.

PatC
> 
> -mark
> 
> > 
> > Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > 
> > > All,
> > > 
> > > I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> > > is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> > > with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> > > 
> > > -mark
> > > 
> > > Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> > > Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> > > Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> > > Reference:
> > > Document: Base
> > > Comment type: T
> > > Priority: 1
> > > Section:
> > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > > 
> > > * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> > > 
> > > * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
> > >   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> > > 
> > > * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
> > >   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
> > >   realm.
> > > 
> > > Requested change:
> > > 
> > > One or more of the following changes:
> > > 
> > > 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
> > >    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
> > >    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> > > 
> > > 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
> > >    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
> > >    a Destination-FQDN.
> > > 
> > > 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> > > 
> > > 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
> > >    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
> > >    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
> > >    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> > > 
> > > ====================================================================
> > 
> > 
> 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:52:59 2001
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From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
References: <20010601154025.M22616@charizard.diameter.org> <Pine.BSF.4.21.0106021452320.57930-100000@internaut.com> <20010604103223.J22616@charizard.diameter.org>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2001 00:43:47 +0300
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> 2.1.7  NAS-Key-Binding AVP
> 
>    The NAS-Key-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and
>    specifies the purpose for the key. A Diameter client MAY include this
>    AVP in a request to specify to the Diameter server the type of key it
>    desires. This AVP MAY be present in a response from the Diameter
>    server to inform the client of the type of key found in the NAS-
>    Session-Key AVP. The following values are supported:

Looks good, just wanted to make sure we have a way to add new
enumerated values _when_ new protection schemes arrive. Do we?

Jari





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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: "IETF AAA WG" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Issue 40: Can an AVP have zero data length?
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Pat,

> hmm.... now I'm really confused. -05 currently has:
>

The new text looks good to me. My "issue" #40 was really just a question I
posed at the interim meeting. I noticed the discrepancy in the data types
description text in -04 but was unaware of scenarios which justified a
zero data length AVP. Paul answered my question with his EAP example so I
consider issue #40 closed.

Regards,
       Mark


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From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 17:57:19 2001
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> > My solution: Propagate this information into the definition of the
> > Accounting- Session-Id in the base protocol.
> 
> oops, Bernard is right, this *should* have been the Accounting-Multi-Session-Id
> AVP, not the Accounting-Session-Id.

Good. If we have this, then there should be no major problem left.

By the way, in the proposed text that I sent to issue #57 
(http://www.diameter.org/issues.html#Issue%20#57, Accounting-
Record-Type and clarification I wrote the text as if we still had only
Accounting-Session-Id. That text needs to be modified to say how
both Ids should be treated. Note that there still remains a need to
correlate records from several nodes, even if within one node we
can solve the correlation through Accounting-Multi-Session-Id.)

Jari





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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Accounting issue submission
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> Question about this recommended change. Will we now have *both* the
> Acct-Multi-Session-Id and some other AVP? 

I believe consensus to the issue #5 results in a need to add the
Acct-Multi-Session-Id. We still need Acct-Session-Id as well to
identify the subsessions, don't we? Otherwise there'd be no
way to see for which subsession a particular Stop belongs to,
for instance.

> Also, AAA has traditionally supplied the Acct-Multi-Session-Id for the
> explicit purpose of linking sessions together, so that this would *not* be
> the responsibility of the back-end system (which can have a devil of a
> time doing this without some help). IP addresses are generally not
> sufficient since they are dynamically allocated, so I don't think this is
> a good example to give. 

I agree this isn't a good example, but there may be cases where
you can't implement context transfer such that the Acct-Multi-Session-Id
gets transferred between nodes.

One possible way forward on this issue would be to define Diameter
sessions as those being identified either by Acct-Multi-Session-Id
or Acct-Session-Id, and leave any further correlation issues outside
the scope of Diameter, i.e. to the back-end systems.

> I do agree that the individual extension documents need to define what a
> session is. For PPP, a summary accounting record is issued for each link
> in use. Multiple links within the same session share an
> Acct-Multi-Session-Id. Within 802.11, a summary accounting record is
> issued for each client-AP session. Sessions created as a result of roaming
> between APs have different Session-Ids, but are linked via the
> Acct-Multi-Session-Id. 
> 
> Why can't one send Interim records, followed by a summary record? Isn't
> this how RADIUS accounting works? 

We do allow Interims to be followed by a Stop. Just that a set of Start
and Interims may not be followed by an Event.

Below you'll find another trial at the proposed text:

/Jari
-------------new proposed text---------------
At the end of section 12.5, add the following text:

A particular value of Accounting-Session-Id MUST appear only
in one sequence of accounting records from a DIAMETER client,
except for the purposes of retransmission. Note that sometimes such
sequence of records is related to a higher-level session, possibly
spanning several DIAMETER clients. The linking of such record
sequences together MUST be performed using the Accounting-Multi-
Session-Id AVP. The extensions document MUST define
the exact concept of a session that is being accounted, and MAY
define the concept of a multi-session. For instance, the NASREQ
DIAMETER extension treats a single PPP connection to a
Network Access Server as one session, and a set of Multilink PPP
sessions as one multi-session.

The one sequence that is sent MUST be either one record with
Accounting-Record-Type AVP set to the value EVENT_RECORD,
or several records starting with one having the value
START_RECORD, followed by zero or more
INTERIM_RECORD, and a single STOP_RECORD. A
particular extensions document MUST define which kind of
sequences should be used for the particular application.





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From: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-ietf-aaa-transport-03.txt
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> > 
> > 1. Conflicting Nagle info
> > 
> > Section 2.3 states "... the Nagle algorithm [12] is ineffective.", while
> > section 3.3 states "AAA implementations MUST enable the Nagle algorithm, RFC
> > 896 [12]."
> > 
> > So if it is ineffective, why is it's support mandatory?
> 
> It's only effective when requests are spaced closer together than the
> RTT. That's not usually the case, but when it is, Nagling is useful. I'll
> clarify the language on this. 

Also, there is no Nagle for SCTP. I'll come up with some text for
this.

> > 
> > 3. editorial nits in 2.5
> > 
> > The following is wrong "... to cache responses so as to make it possible
> > respond to such duplicate requests more efficiently."
> > 
> > I am not sure what the implications are of the following sentence "As a
> > result, AAA servers must be prepared to detect duplicate requests sent to
> > multiple servers." This implies inter-server communication of e2e ids, I
> > think.
> 
> In practice it means having an accounting system that can weed out
> dupes once received. If doing simultaneous usage assessment, it would mean
> caching the response or including the session-id in the database so that
> if a duplicate request comes in, you wouldn't send a Reject because the
> person was already logged in once.

The first paragraph of section 2.5 implies that duplicates may
arrive as a result of transport-level retransmissions. However,
TCP and SCTP do their own duplicate detection, and so will not
pass these on to AAA. We could probably just remove the first
paragraph.

> > 
> > 8. editorial nit in 3.9.1
> > 
> > diamter->Diameter

Actually, it should be AAA in this document.

> > 
> > I honestly do not understand what the figure, or its explanation, really 
means
> 
> Will try to make it more clear. 

This diagram attempts to show a way to handle the case where
an agent needs to forward messages between two SCTP associations
that have different numbers of streams. I'll add some clarifying
text.
 
> > 12. Questions on section 3.2
> > 
> > What does "The watchdog is also used to re-open and validate connections
> > that have returned to health." mean? The state machine requires that the
> > DRR be used to set the state to open, not the watchdog.
> 
> It means that when a connection is re-opened after being closed, that it
> should not be used immediately until it is determined that the watchdog
> can be transported reliably.  This could result in flapping during
> periods where there are connectivity problems. 

The DRR is indeed elided in the text. We should clarify this.

> 
> > 
> > The text reads that the watchdog may be used with primary/secondary
> > or load balancing configurations, but these concepts are introduced
> > in later sections. Either include a reference, or change the order of
> > the sections.
> > 
> > "Watchdog packets are not retransmitted where AAA protocols operate over
> > reliable transports." Huh??
> 
> Jon added this, to mean that the app does not send another watchdog, the
> re-transmission is handled by the transport. Will try to make it more
> clear. 
> 
> > 
> > "If the queue is not empty, then failover is initiated..." something is
> > missing here. Somehow failover is detected, but it appears a little
> > too "out of the blue" (for lack of better terms.... and caffein)
> 
> Failure is detected from the fact that watchdog timer has expired and the
> queue is not empty. 

Maybe we should include Allison and Randy's pseudo algorithm
in some form to help make this clearer? I agree it is a bit
tricky to follow just from the text.

> 
> > 
> > "The AAA client SHOULD wait to the transport  doesn't
> > read right, as does "but MAY chose to bound this wait time by the watchdog
> > interval, Tw."

Should read "The AAA client SHOULD wait for the transport layer
to report connection" success, but MAY chose to bound this wait
time by the watchdog interval, Tw."

The intent is to let the transport layer decide when a connection
attempt has failed (TCP and SCTP both retransmit and back off
connection attempts). However, in some cases, the RTO can
grow quite large, which means it may take minutes for the
transport to decide that a connection attempt has failed. The
second half of the sentence, "but MAY chose ..." gives the
AAA layer a way out of this, by limiting the wait time to
something more reasonable.

Let me know if you still think it needs fixing.

Jon



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 18:17:21 2001
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To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
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        David@Mitton.com, AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
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I'm not sure I understand where you are going with this.  I thought Jari and
Bernard were arguing the the Session-ID should be different in each of the
accounting records to distinguish them from each other.  The
Acct-Multi-Session-ID AVP would tie them all together.

What I wanted was to allow the same Session-ID to appear in all the
accounting messages.  Some other mechanism could be used to indicate that
multiple accounting records are present for the same session.  My proposal
would be to create a new value for the Accounting-Record-Type AVP, call it
SUBSESSION_RECORD, to indicate that this record needs to be kept, but it is
not the final or STOP_RECORD for the session.

In either proposal, I don't see where the Acccounting-Session-Id would be
needed.

Patrice Calhoun wrote:
> 
> >
> > David Spence wrote:
> >
> > >     In thinking about this proposal since the interim meeting, I do have
> > >     one reservation.  In the primary use of the Acct-Multi-Session-ID AVP
> > >     to support PPP Multilink connections, there is an authentication/
> > >     authorization request for each single link as it comes up.  Thus,
> > >     each Accounting-Request message can be matched to an authentication/
> > >     authorization message by using the Session-ID AVP.  With the 3GPP2
> > >     standard, this will not be the case.  Successive accounting sessions
> > >     do not have corresponding auth/auth sessions.  Instead, one long
> > >     auth/auth session will match a series of shorter accounting sessions.
> >
> > I'm not sure the difference is significant. We already agreed earlier to
> > allow accounting records for sessions that do not perform authentication/
> > authorization. So, for PPP multilink we get a bunch of correlated accounting
> > records, all of which happen to be also authenticated. For 3GPP2, we
> > also get a bunch of correlated accounting records, except that only one
> > of them is authenticated in the DIAMETER sense.
> >
> > Also, the mult-session-identity would potentially be useful also elsewhere.
> 
> Well, the Mobile IP extension actually uses the Accounting-Session-Id in a
> special way. When the authorization answer is sent back to the access device,
> the message MAY include an Accounting-Session-Id, and if so, then all
> accounting records for the particular session MUST use the session id returned.
>  Of course, this is only for accounting, and would solve this particular
> problem.
> 
> My solution: Propagate this information into the definition of the Accounting-
> Session-Id in the base protocol.
> 
> PatC

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 18:22:34 2001
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From: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Accounting issue submission
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        pcalhoun@diameter.org,
        "Yolanda Garcia-Serrano (ECE)" <yolanda.garcia-serrano@ece.ericsson.se>,
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> 
> > Question about this recommended change. Will we now have *both* the
> > Acct-Multi-Session-Id and some other AVP? 
> 
> I believe consensus to the issue #5 results in a need to add the
> Acct-Multi-Session-Id. We still need Acct-Session-Id as well to
> identify the subsessions, don't we? Otherwise there'd be no
> way to see for which subsession a particular Stop belongs to,
> for instance.

Accounting-Session-Id is already defined in the base protocol spec.

I've updated the issues web page with your new proposed text.

PatC



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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>,
        David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 12:50:38AM +0300, Jari Arkko wrote:
> > > My solution: Propagate this information into the definition of the
> > > Accounting- Session-Id in the base protocol.
> > 
> > oops, Bernard is right, this *should* have been the Accounting-Multi-Session-Id
> > AVP, not the Accounting-Session-Id.
> 
> Good. If we have this, then there should be no major problem left.
> 
> By the way, in the proposed text that I sent to issue #57 
> (http://www.diameter.org/issues.html#Issue%20#57, Accounting-
> Record-Type and clarification I wrote the text as if we still had only
> Accounting-Session-Id. That text needs to be modified to say how
> both Ids should be treated. Note that there still remains a need to
> correlate records from several nodes, even if within one node we
> can solve the correlation through Accounting-Multi-Session-Id.)

The definition of the Accounting-Multi-Session-Id states:

"  The Accounting-Multi-Session-Id AVP (AVP Code 50) is of type
   OctetString and SHOULD be encoded in UTF08 format [13], following the
   format specified in section 10.3. The Accounting-Multi-Session-Id AVP
   is used to link together multiple related accounting sessions, where
   each session would have a unique Accounting-Session-Id, but the same
   Acounting-Multi-Session-Id AVP. This AVP MAY be returned by the
   Diameter server in an authorization answer, and MUST be used in all
   accounting messages for the given session."

Is this sufficient?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 18:36:59 2001
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From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
To: "David Spence" <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
        "Patrice Calhoun" <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Cc: "Bernard Aboba" <Aboba@Internaut.com>, <David@Mitton.com>,
        "AAA Working Group" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        "David Mitton" <DMitton@Nortelnetworks.com>, <jari.arkko@ericsson.fi>
References: <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.991689605.2427.pcalhoun@nasnfs> <3B1C0839.64934E14@Interlinknetworks.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2001 01:34:59 +0300
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> I'm not sure I understand where you are going with this.  I thought Jari and
> Bernard were arguing the the Session-ID should be different in each of the
> accounting records to distinguish them from each other.  The
> Acct-Multi-Session-ID AVP would tie them all together.

Yes.

> What I wanted was to allow the same Session-ID to appear in all the
> accounting messages.  Some other mechanism could be used to indicate that
> multiple accounting records are present for the same session.  My proposal
> would be to create a new value for the Accounting-Record-Type AVP, call it
> SUBSESSION_RECORD, to indicate that this record needs to be kept, but it is
> not the final or STOP_RECORD for the session.

Ah, now I see where you're going! But would that be sufficient? I can think
of situations where we want the subsessions to survive. Say, access from
base station #1 costs more than from #2... What about possibly interleaved
subsessions? Also, would we need SUBSESSION_RECORD_{START,
INTERIM,STOP}? In any case, wouldn't Acct-Multi-Session-Id and Acct-Session-Id
do the job?

Jari





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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
        Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>,
        Bernard Aboba <Aboba@Internaut.com>, David@Mitton.com,
        AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        David Mitton <DMitton@Nortelnetworks.com>, jari.arkko@ericsson.fi
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 01:34:59AM +0300, Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> > I'm not sure I understand where you are going with this.  I thought Jari and
> > Bernard were arguing the the Session-ID should be different in each of the
> > accounting records to distinguish them from each other.  The
> > Acct-Multi-Session-ID AVP would tie them all together.
> 
> Yes.
> 
> > What I wanted was to allow the same Session-ID to appear in all the
> > accounting messages.  Some other mechanism could be used to indicate that
> > multiple accounting records are present for the same session.  My proposal
> > would be to create a new value for the Accounting-Record-Type AVP, call it
> > SUBSESSION_RECORD, to indicate that this record needs to be kept, but it is
> > not the final or STOP_RECORD for the session.
> 
> Ah, now I see where you're going! But would that be sufficient? I can think
> of situations where we want the subsessions to survive. Say, access from
> base station #1 costs more than from #2... What about possibly interleaved
> subsessions? Also, would we need SUBSESSION_RECORD_{START,
> INTERIM,STOP}? In any case, wouldn't Acct-Multi-Session-Id and Acct-Session-Id
> do the job?

I support this! RADIUS Tunneling has some rather gross hacks, and introduces
new accounting message types (tunneling vs. sessions). Using subsessions could
be re-used for nasreq tunneling.

Jari, will you propose text, or should I just "go for it".

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 19:57:19 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Cc: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        david@mitton.com
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-ietf-aaa-transport-03.txt
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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 03:11:17PM -0700, Jonathan Wood wrote:
> > > 
> > > "If the queue is not empty, then failover is initiated..." something is
> > > missing here. Somehow failover is detected, but it appears a little
> > > too "out of the blue" (for lack of better terms.... and caffein)
> > 
> > Failure is detected from the fact that watchdog timer has expired and the
> > queue is not empty. 
> 
> Maybe we should include Allison and Randy's pseudo algorithm
> in some form to help make this clearer? I agree it is a bit
> tricky to follow just from the text.

I don't think so, but the paragraph should probably read "If a failure is detected,
and the queue is not empty, then failover is initiated..." That just makes so much
more sense.
> 
> > 
> > > 
> > > "The AAA client SHOULD wait to the transport  doesn't
> > > read right, as does "but MAY chose to bound this wait time by the watchdog
> > > interval, Tw."
> 
> Should read "The AAA client SHOULD wait for the transport layer
> to report connection" success, but MAY chose to bound this wait
> time by the watchdog interval, Tw."
> 
> The intent is to let the transport layer decide when a connection
> attempt has failed (TCP and SCTP both retransmit and back off
> connection attempts). However, in some cases, the RTO can
> grow quite large, which means it may take minutes for the
> transport to decide that a connection attempt has failed. The
> second half of the sentence, "but MAY chose ..." gives the
> AAA layer a way out of this, by limiting the wait time to
> something more reasonable.
> 
> Let me know if you still think it needs fixing.
s/bound/bind/

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 20:05:16 2001
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>,
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 12:43:47AM +0300, Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> > 2.1.7  NAS-Key-Binding AVP
> > 
> >    The NAS-Key-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and
> >    specifies the purpose for the key. A Diameter client MAY include this
> >    AVP in a request to specify to the Diameter server the type of key it
> >    desires. This AVP MAY be present in a response from the Diameter
> >    server to inform the client of the type of key found in the NAS-
> >    Session-Key AVP. The following values are supported:
> 
> Looks good, just wanted to make sure we have a way to add new
> enumerated values _when_ new protection schemes arrive. Do we?

ok, I should also have included the following:

11.5  NAS-Key-Binding AVP Values

   As defined in Section 2.1.7, the NAS-Key-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD)
   defines the values 1-6. All remaining values, other than zero, are
   available for assignment via a Designated Expert [12].

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 21:15:41 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: New set of drafts posted
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All,

In order to give people time to digest the changes that have been made to the
Diameter drafts, I am sending a new version to the secretariat. The new versions,
as usual, can be found at www.diameter.org.

Please note that the E2E draft has changed name. After a security review, it was
decided that End-to-End really wasn't an appropriate name, and has been called
the CMS Security Application.

Yes, extensions are now applications, as per Issue #54.

I changed the issues web site considerable today. All of the closed issues are in a separate
table, and the table shows the rev of the draft an issue was take care of. All open
issues are in their own table. I am still waiting for a few issue description from folks,
so I would appreciate if those people could send text.

Enjoy,

PatC


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From: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-ietf-aaa-transport-03.txt
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> > 
> > Should read "The AAA client SHOULD wait for the transport layer
> > to report connection" success, but MAY chose to bound this wait
> > time by the watchdog interval, Tw."
> > 
> > The intent is to let the transport layer decide when a connection
> > attempt has failed (TCP and SCTP both retransmit and back off
> > connection attempts). However, in some cases, the RTO can
> > grow quite large, which means it may take minutes for the
> > transport to decide that a connection attempt has failed. The
> > second half of the sentence, "but MAY chose ..." gives the
> > AAA layer a way out of this, by limiting the wait time to
> > something more reasonable.
> > 
> > Let me know if you still think it needs fixing.
> s/bound/bind/

Hmm my Websters agrees with 'bound'. How about
s/bound/limit
and be done with it?



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 21:30:00 2001
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Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 18:00:06 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable
 server.(2nd try)
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Pat, 

Would you have a similar AVP for accounting?  
Would re-auth be the same AVP as STR?
Can we combine option 2 and 4?

AA-Destination-Config
 The AA-Destination-Config is of type Enumerated.  It specifies
 how subsequent AAR and STR MUST be sent.  This may be sent in
 either the initial authentication, or any re-auth.  If not
 present, BOTH is used.

 BOTH(0)  - Always use Destination-FQDN and Destination-Realm
 REALM(1) - Only send Destination-Realm
 TWICE(2) - Do BOTH.  If DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER retransmit
            using REALM

Acct-Destination-Config
 Same as above except this may be sent in accounting packets.

Mobile-Destination-Config
 Do we need this too, or does AA-Destination-Config handle this?

Also, could it be simply Destination-Config and what it
configures is dependent upon what type of packet this is?

Also, this would break using the presence of Destination-FQDN as
an indicator of continued conversation.

-mark

On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:27:54PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > David,
> > 
> > On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, David Spence wrote:
> > 
> > > #3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
> > > Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
> > > resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
> > > having to do so.
> > > 
> > > I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
> > > they could elaborate.
> > 
> > I don't favor #4, but I'll elaborate. The basic idea was to give
> > the server control over what is sent.  It could tell the client
> > to not use a Destination-FQDN.  It would do this with an
> > STR-Destination AVP which would be included in the AAA.
> 
> That's my preference. Don't send it unless the home server tells you it is ok.
> 
> PatC
> > 
> > -mark
> > 
> > > 
> > > Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > All,
> > > > 
> > > > I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> > > > is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> > > > with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> > > > 
> > > > -mark
> > > > 
> > > > Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> > > > Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> > > > Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> > > > Reference:
> > > > Document: Base
> > > > Comment type: T
> > > > Priority: 1
> > > > Section:
> > > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > > > 
> > > > * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> > > > 
> > > > * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
> > > >   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> > > > 
> > > > * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
> > > >   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
> > > >   realm.
> > > > 
> > > > Requested change:
> > > > 
> > > > One or more of the following changes:
> > > > 
> > > > 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
> > > >    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
> > > >    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> > > > 
> > > > 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
> > > >    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
> > > >    a Destination-FQDN.
> > > > 
> > > > 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> > > > 
> > > > 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
> > > >    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
> > > >    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
> > > >    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> > > > 
> > > > ====================================================================
> > > 
> > > 
> > 
> 




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 21:40:10 2001
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From: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
To: Mark Jones <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, IETF AAA WG <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Issue 40: Can an AVP have zero data length?
Message-ID: <20010604213951.C43535@tp.databus.com>
References: <20010604140038.B22616@charizard.diameter.org> <079501c0ed3d$f2af3310$2096a8c0@mjones.bridgewatersys.com> <20010604142655.D22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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Pat, is the 9 below a typo, or are you intending to say that an AVP
that is intended to have human-readable text cannot be empty?  If
so, I respectfully disagree.  But if that's the way it ends up,
the text should say explicitly "An AVP defined as containing
human-readable text cannot be empty."

Barney

On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 02:26:55PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:33:08PM -0400, Mark Jones wrote:
> > Pat,
> > 
> > > This issue, one the other hand, is asking for the inverse :)
> > >
> > 
> > Didn't Paul request a change to the OctetString description such that it
> > can have 0-length values? I thought the OctetString text I suggested
> > addressed this.
> > What do you have for the OctetString description in the -05 draft?
> 
> hmm.... now I'm really confused. -05 currently has:
> 
>    The Data field is zero or more octets and contains information
>    specific to the Attribute. The format and length of the Data field is
>    determined by the AVP Code and AVP Length fields. The format of the
>    Data field MAY be one of the following data types.
> 
>    The interpretation of the values depends on the specification of the
>    AVP.  For example, an OctetString may be used to transmit human
>    readable string data and Unsigned32 may be used to transmit a time
>    value.  Conventions for these common interpretations are described
>    below.
> 
>       OctetString
>          The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
>          otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8
>          (12 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  Data used to transmit (human
>          readable) character string data uses the UTF-8 [24] character
>          set and is NOT NULL-terminated. The minimum Length field MUST
>          be 9, but can be set to any value up to 65504 bytes. AVP Values
>          of this type that do not align on a 32-bit boundary MUST have
>          the necessary padding.
> 
> So if your issue is consistent with the above change, then we can delete Paul's
> issue and simply mark it as a dup.
> 
> PatC
> 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 21:48:03 2001
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Cc: Mark Jones <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, IETF AAA WG <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 09:39:51PM -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
> Pat, is the 9 below a typo, or are you intending to say that an AVP
> that is intended to have human-readable text cannot be empty? 

sigh. yes, I missed that one :( :(

PatC
> so, I respectfully disagree.  But if that's the way it ends up,
> the text should say explicitly "An AVP defined as containing
> human-readable text cannot be empty."
> 
> Barney
> 
> On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 02:26:55PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:33:08PM -0400, Mark Jones wrote:
> > > Pat,
> > > 
> > > > This issue, one the other hand, is asking for the inverse :)
> > > >
> > > 
> > > Didn't Paul request a change to the OctetString description such that it
> > > can have 0-length values? I thought the OctetString text I suggested
> > > addressed this.
> > > What do you have for the OctetString description in the -05 draft?
> > 
> > hmm.... now I'm really confused. -05 currently has:
> > 
> >    The Data field is zero or more octets and contains information
> >    specific to the Attribute. The format and length of the Data field is
> >    determined by the AVP Code and AVP Length fields. The format of the
> >    Data field MAY be one of the following data types.
> > 
> >    The interpretation of the values depends on the specification of the
> >    AVP.  For example, an OctetString may be used to transmit human
> >    readable string data and Unsigned32 may be used to transmit a time
> >    value.  Conventions for these common interpretations are described
> >    below.
> > 
> >       OctetString
> >          The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
> >          otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8
> >          (12 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  Data used to transmit (human
> >          readable) character string data uses the UTF-8 [24] character
> >          set and is NOT NULL-terminated. The minimum Length field MUST
> >          be 9, but can be set to any value up to 65504 bytes. AVP Values
> >          of this type that do not align on a 32-bit boundary MUST have
> >          the necessary padding.
> > 
> > So if your issue is consistent with the above change, then we can delete Paul's
> > issue and simply mark it as a dup.
> > 
> > PatC
> > 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Mon Jun  4 21:48:47 2001
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Date: Mon, 4 Jun 2001 21:53:25 -0400
To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-ietf-aaa-transport-03.txt
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Perhaps, changing to 'limit' can avoid confusion/controversy.

Certainly, though, 'bound' is correct in this context, as 'bounding'
something is very different than 'binding' something...

$0.02,
sjr

Jonathan Wood writes:
 > > > 
 > > > Should read "The AAA client SHOULD wait for the transport layer
 > > > to report connection" success, but MAY chose to bound this wait
 > > > time by the watchdog interval, Tw."
 > > > 
 > > > The intent is to let the transport layer decide when a connection
 > > > attempt has failed (TCP and SCTP both retransmit and back off
 > > > connection attempts). However, in some cases, the RTO can
 > > > grow quite large, which means it may take minutes for the
 > > > transport to decide that a connection attempt has failed. The
 > > > second half of the sentence, "but MAY chose ..." gives the
 > > > AAA layer a way out of this, by limiting the wait time to
 > > > something more reasonable.
 > > > 
 > > > Let me know if you still think it needs fixing.
 > > s/bound/bind/
 > 
 > Hmm my Websters agrees with 'bound'. How about
 > s/bound/limit
 > and be done with it?
 > 


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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 04:47:45PM -0700, Jonathan Wood wrote:
> > > 
> > > Should read "The AAA client SHOULD wait for the transport layer
> > > to report connection" success, but MAY chose to bound this wait
> > > time by the watchdog interval, Tw."
> > > 
> > > The intent is to let the transport layer decide when a connection
> > > attempt has failed (TCP and SCTP both retransmit and back off
> > > connection attempts). However, in some cases, the RTO can
> > > grow quite large, which means it may take minutes for the
> > > transport to decide that a connection attempt has failed. The
> > > second half of the sentence, "but MAY chose ..." gives the
> > > AAA layer a way out of this, by limiting the wait time to
> > > something more reasonable.
> > > 
> > > Let me know if you still think it needs fixing.
> > s/bound/bind/
> 
> Hmm my Websters agrees with 'bound'. How about
> s/bound/limit
> and be done with it?
Deal!

PatC


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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
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Hi Pat,

The NAS session key sections in the new NASREQ draft 
look pretty good to me. Many thanks.

I just have an editorial comment: in section 2.1.3,
the text below the ABNF grammar seems to be repetition of 
the first paragraph of 2.1.3. I think you can simply 
delete it.

Regards,
Henry


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 05:31:08 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Server-initiated re-auth
Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 11:31:41 +0200
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Hi Pat,

I believe that the message sequence that you suggest is good (re-auth
req/re-auth answer followed by the actual re-auth). The message should be
added to the NASREQ extension since there is no way for a access device to
request a mobile node to re-auth in MIP. Or should it be a request to the FA
to go via AAA the next time the MN register instead of sending the MIP Reg
Req directly to the HA?

/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu]On Behalf
>Of Pat Calhoun
>Sent: den 1 juni 2001 21:05
>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Server-initiated re-auth
>
>
>Server-initiated re-auth
>Submitter name: Pat Calhoun
>Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org
>Date first submitted: June 01, 2001
>Reference:
>Document: All
>Comment type: C
>Priority: 1
>Section:
>Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>
>In the process of fixing Issue #32, the Indication messages have
>been removed from
>the NASREQ extension. However, the specification also makes use of
>the indication
>messages to allow a server to send an unsolicited request for re-auth.
>
>Is this feature required? If so, is it specific to NASREQ, or
>could it be generalized
>and defined in the base protocol specification?
>
>Three options:
>1. Delete the feature
>2. Create a new message set in the nasreq specification that is sent by
>   a server to request that a user be re-auth.
>3. Create a new message set in the base protocol that is sent by
>   a server to request that a user be re-auth.
>
>Comments?
>
>PatC



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 07:35:56 2001
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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Multi-roundtrip Mobile IP authentication
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Hi Pat,

I believe the new Diameter Mobile IP draft fixes
this issue (#52). Thanks!

Regards,
Henry


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 09:33:36 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Server-initiated re-auth
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 11:31:41AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> I believe that the message sequence that you suggest is good (re-auth
> req/re-auth answer followed by the actual re-auth). The message should be
> added to the NASREQ extension since there is no way for a access device to
> request a mobile node to re-auth in MIP. Or should it be a request to the FA
> to go via AAA the next time the MN register instead of sending the MIP Reg
> Req directly to the HA?

Right, but there MAY be future Diameter applications that require re-auth
support. So, I am sort-of wondering whether it belongs in the base (similar
to STR).

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 09:42:35 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
Cc: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] proposed text for NASREQ KDC
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 10:12:18AM +0300, henry.haverinen@nokia.com wrote:
> The NAS session key sections in the new NASREQ draft 
> look pretty good to me. Many thanks.

Thanks.

> 
> I just have an editorial comment: in section 2.1.3,
> the text below the ABNF grammar seems to be repetition of 
> the first paragraph of 2.1.3. I think you can simply 
> delete it.

You are right. Somehow missed that one :(

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 09:50:38 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue #51: EAP Roundtrips
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All,

I'd like to get some discussion started on issue 51. My interpretation of Bernard's
comments on this particular issues, which may be found at 
http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00340.html is that this isn't
something that we can really fix in Diameter.

Does anyone else have a comments on how to proceed with this issue?

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 10:03:26 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue #3: Bring back UTF-8
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All,

Mark Eklund made a proposal in http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00392.html,
and there hasn't been any discussions on this. This e-mail was specifically targetted to
Erik Guttman and Juergen, but no response was received.

Do people feel comfortable with this approach? I believe that this request has been made
several times in the past year, and there seemed to be considerable interest. Of course,
we could simply state that this is a dictionary issue, and doesn't belong in the core
specs, but it would be nice to allow dictionary creation to follow the author of an
application's original intent, and not have any second guessing to do.

Comments?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 10:08:54 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 06:57:01 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue #33: Is API Considered Useful
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All,

I spoke with Tom Hiller, the editor of the various 3GPP2 specs, and talked to him about
P.R001, and the rather obscure requirement to allow for a server initiated accounting
poll. He stated that if the feature wasn't discussed in P.S001, then it isn't a requirement,
and P.R001 is a non-normative reference in P.S001 (it is informational only).

So, it sounds as if we can get rid of this feature, but I would like to ask, one last time,
whether people feel it is necessary for an accounting server to be able to issue a request
to an access device to force it to send an accounting message. If so, then we will keep this
feature, but if there is no demand..... out it goes.

PatC


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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 07:02:04 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue #64: E2E Editorial Issues
Message-ID: <20010605070204.D22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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Jari,

These editorial issues have been taken care of in cms-00.txt. The only remaining
items are 6.5 (keep the OSCP-desire and nonce together), which we determined we
wanted to have as split AVPs. Also 6.8 (whether the top CA needs to remain), we
didn't feel comfortable removing this from the draft, but there is an explicit
editor's note in the draft stating that this needs to be taken care of.

So, perhaps we can now open discussions on these two items.

1. 6.5: Does anyone object to the use of the OCSP-Nonce and the OCSP-Request AVPs in
   the cms draft, as opposed to combining these into a single AVP?

2. 6.8: Does anyone believe that the top CA is not required since that cert must
   be known anyways.

Comments?

PatC


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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue #35: Device-Reboot-Ind isn't an appropriate name
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Pat,

I have no objections to your suggested command names. They are clear and
maintain the all important TLA uniqueness. So unless there are objections
on the mailing list, the DRI is renamed to
Capabilities-Exchange-Request/Capabilities-Exchange-Answer and issue 35 is
closed.

Regards,
       Mark

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From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 10:24:55 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable server.(2nd try)
Message-ID: <20010605071433.F22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 06:00:06PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> Would you have a similar AVP for accounting?  

hmmmm... it would be interesting to include an AVP that contains the
identity of the server that handles accountinng for a particular session.

others?

> Would re-auth be the same AVP as STR?
> Can we combine option 2 and 4?
> 
> AA-Destination-Config
>  The AA-Destination-Config is of type Enumerated.  It specifies
>  how subsequent AAR and STR MUST be sent.  This may be sent in
>  either the initial authentication, or any re-auth.  If not
>  present, BOTH is used.
> 
>  BOTH(0)  - Always use Destination-FQDN and Destination-Realm
>  REALM(1) - Only send Destination-Realm
>  TWICE(2) - Do BOTH.  If DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER retransmit
>             using REALM

That works for me. Anyone object?

> 
> Acct-Destination-Config
>  Same as above except this may be sent in accounting packets.
> 
> Mobile-Destination-Config
>  Do we need this too, or does AA-Destination-Config handle this?

Actually, by pulling this particular AVP into the base protocol,
it would be used by *any* application
> 
> Also, could it be simply Destination-Config and what it
> configures is dependent upon what type of packet this is?

Right, that's my thought. It would handle all re-auths and STRs.
> 
> Also, this would break using the presence of Destination-FQDN as
> an indicator of continued conversation.

Not at all. If a server states that it does not care where the message
is sent, then this implies that the servers have shared state, and therefore
it really doesn't matter where the message is sent to. So, load balancing
would allow this message to be sent to *any* server.

PatC

> On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:27:54PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > David,
> > > 
> > > On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, David Spence wrote:
> > > 
> > > > #3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
> > > > Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
> > > > resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
> > > > having to do so.
> > > > 
> > > > I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
> > > > they could elaborate.
> > > 
> > > I don't favor #4, but I'll elaborate. The basic idea was to give
> > > the server control over what is sent.  It could tell the client
> > > to not use a Destination-FQDN.  It would do this with an
> > > STR-Destination AVP which would be included in the AAA.
> > 
> > That's my preference. Don't send it unless the home server tells you it is ok.
> > 
> > PatC
> > > 
> > > -mark
> > > 
> > > > 
> > > > Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > > 
> > > > > All,
> > > > > 
> > > > > I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> > > > > is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> > > > > with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> > > > > 
> > > > > -mark
> > > > > 
> > > > > Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> > > > > Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> > > > > Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> > > > > Reference:
> > > > > Document: Base
> > > > > Comment type: T
> > > > > Priority: 1
> > > > > Section:
> > > > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > > > > 
> > > > > * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> > > > > 
> > > > > * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
> > > > >   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> > > > > 
> > > > > * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
> > > > >   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
> > > > >   realm.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Requested change:
> > > > > 
> > > > > One or more of the following changes:
> > > > > 
> > > > > 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
> > > > >    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
> > > > >    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> > > > > 
> > > > > 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
> > > > >    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
> > > > >    a Destination-FQDN.
> > > > > 
> > > > > 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> > > > > 
> > > > > 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
> > > > >    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
> > > > >    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
> > > > >    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> > > > > 
> > > > > ====================================================================
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> 
> 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 10:28:09 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 60: E2E cert names
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My understanding of the cert names was that by adding the -diameter in the
cert name, it became obvious that this cert was useful ONLY for Diameter, not
for anything else.

However, I believe that Stephen could answer this question better than I could
given that this particular section is his text.

PatC


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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable server.(2nd try)
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References: <20010604142736.E22616@charizard.diameter.org> <Pine.GSO.4.21.0106041741200.2565-100000@knox6039> <20010605071433.F22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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In-Reply-To: <20010605071433.F22616@charizard.diameter.org>; from pcalhoun@diameter.org on Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 07:14:33AM -0700
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 07:14:33AM -0700, Pat Calhoun promised:
> On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 06:00:06PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > Would you have a similar AVP for accounting?  
> 
> hmmmm... it would be interesting to include an AVP that contains the
> identity of the server that handles accountinng for a particular session.
> 
> others?

accounting host ip, key, port ???

Rob
> 
> > Would re-auth be the same AVP as STR?
> > Can we combine option 2 and 4?
> > 
> > AA-Destination-Config
> >  The AA-Destination-Config is of type Enumerated.  It specifies
> >  how subsequent AAR and STR MUST be sent.  This may be sent in
> >  either the initial authentication, or any re-auth.  If not
> >  present, BOTH is used.
> > 
> >  BOTH(0)  - Always use Destination-FQDN and Destination-Realm
> >  REALM(1) - Only send Destination-Realm
> >  TWICE(2) - Do BOTH.  If DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER retransmit
> >             using REALM
> 
> That works for me. Anyone object?
> 
> > 
> > Acct-Destination-Config
> >  Same as above except this may be sent in accounting packets.
> > 
> > Mobile-Destination-Config
> >  Do we need this too, or does AA-Destination-Config handle this?
> 
> Actually, by pulling this particular AVP into the base protocol,
> it would be used by *any* application
> > 
> > Also, could it be simply Destination-Config and what it
> > configures is dependent upon what type of packet this is?
> 
> Right, that's my thought. It would handle all re-auths and STRs.
> > 
> > Also, this would break using the presence of Destination-FQDN as
> > an indicator of continued conversation.
> 
> Not at all. If a server states that it does not care where the message
> is sent, then this implies that the servers have shared state, and therefore
> it really doesn't matter where the message is sent to. So, load balancing
> would allow this message to be sent to *any* server.
> 
> PatC
> 
> > On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > 
> > > On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:27:54PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > David,
> > > > 
> > > > On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, David Spence wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > > #3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
> > > > > Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
> > > > > resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
> > > > > having to do so.
> > > > > 
> > > > > I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
> > > > > they could elaborate.
> > > > 
> > > > I don't favor #4, but I'll elaborate. The basic idea was to give
> > > > the server control over what is sent.  It could tell the client
> > > > to not use a Destination-FQDN.  It would do this with an
> > > > STR-Destination AVP which would be included in the AAA.
> > > 
> > > That's my preference. Don't send it unless the home server tells you it is ok.
> > > 
> > > PatC
> > > > 
> > > > -mark
> > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > All,
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> > > > > > is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> > > > > > with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > -mark
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> > > > > > Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> > > > > > Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> > > > > > Reference:
> > > > > > Document: Base
> > > > > > Comment type: T
> > > > > > Priority: 1
> > > > > > Section:
> > > > > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
> > > > > >   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
> > > > > >   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
> > > > > >   realm.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Requested change:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > One or more of the following changes:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
> > > > > >    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
> > > > > >    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
> > > > > >    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
> > > > > >    a Destination-FQDN.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
> > > > > >    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
> > > > > >    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
> > > > > >    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > ====================================================================
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> > 

-- 
Rob Sargent
Tel: (865) 671-8823
Software Development Manager -*-  Remote Site Manager - Knoxville
10850 Murdock Dr
Knoxville TN 37932                       http://darien.cisco.com/


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 10:59:54 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 06:46:54 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue #35: Device-Reboot-Ind isn't an appropriate name
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All (and Mark),

I had already changed the spec by the time I received your issue update,
and used the command names Capabilities-Exchange-Request and Capabilities-Exchange-Answer,
but I am not adverse to your proposed Device-Capabilities-Request and
Device-Capabilities-Answer.

Would people prefer Mark's command names? If so, I can make this rather trivial change
in -06.

PatC


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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 11:06:46 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable
 server.(2nd try)
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Pat,

On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 06:00:06PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > Would you have a similar AVP for accounting?  
> 
> hmmmm... it would be interesting to include an AVP that contains the
> identity of the server that handles accountinng for a particular session.
> 
> others?

Just to verify.  The above question and comments have to do
with having the present AAA contain something telling where to
send the ACR.  If there is interest, this would be a different
issue.  Correct?

> 
> > Would re-auth be the same AVP as STR?
> > Can we combine option 2 and 4?
> > 
> > AA-Destination-Config
> >  The AA-Destination-Config is of type Enumerated.  It specifies
> >  how subsequent AAR and STR MUST be sent.  This may be sent in
> >  either the initial authentication, or any re-auth.  If not
> >  present, BOTH is used.
> > 
> >  BOTH(0)  - Always use Destination-FQDN and Destination-Realm
> >  REALM(1) - Only send Destination-Realm
> >  TWICE(2) - Do BOTH.  If DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER retransmit
> >             using REALM
> 
> That works for me. Anyone object?
> 
> > 
> > Acct-Destination-Config
> >  Same as above except this may be sent in accounting packets.
> > 
> > Mobile-Destination-Config
> >  Do we need this too, or does AA-Destination-Config handle this?
> 
> Actually, by pulling this particular AVP into the base protocol,
> it would be used by *any* application

How about we call it Application-Destination-Config (or
something abbreviated).  When received, all subsequent requests
for that session with that application type will be controlled
by that config.  Before sending, you would have to lookup where
to send it.

Session_ID Application AA/Acct Destination-Config
XYZ...     NASREQ      AA      BOTH
XYZ...     NASREQ      Acct    REALM
MNO...     MOBILEIP    AA      TWO
MNO...     MOBILEIP    Acct    TWO
MNO...     NEWWAY      Acct    ONE

This is getting a little complex.  What if we made it really
simple with a new option.

4. If the client receives a DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the
   client MUST re-send the request with a Destination-FQDN of
   "*".  "*" denotes that this is a rebroadcast because the
   initial Destination-FQDN was unreachable.

If a server cannot handle re-auths or accounting records for a
fellow server, it can drop it.

-mark

> > 
> > Also, could it be simply Destination-Config and what it
> > configures is dependent upon what type of packet this is?
> 
> Right, that's my thought. It would handle all re-auths and STRs.
> > 
> > Also, this would break using the presence of Destination-FQDN as
> > an indicator of continued conversation.
> 
> Not at all. If a server states that it does not care where the message
> is sent, then this implies that the servers have shared state, and therefore
> it really doesn't matter where the message is sent to. So, load balancing
> would allow this message to be sent to *any* server.
> 
> PatC
> 
> > On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > 
> > > On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:27:54PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > David,
> > > > 
> > > > On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, David Spence wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > > #3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
> > > > > Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
> > > > > resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
> > > > > having to do so.
> > > > > 
> > > > > I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
> > > > > they could elaborate.
> > > > 
> > > > I don't favor #4, but I'll elaborate. The basic idea was to give
> > > > the server control over what is sent.  It could tell the client
> > > > to not use a Destination-FQDN.  It would do this with an
> > > > STR-Destination AVP which would be included in the AAA.
> > > 
> > > That's my preference. Don't send it unless the home server tells you it is ok.
> > > 
> > > PatC
> > > > 
> > > > -mark
> > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > All,
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> > > > > > is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> > > > > > with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > -mark
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> > > > > > Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> > > > > > Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> > > > > > Reference:
> > > > > > Document: Base
> > > > > > Comment type: T
> > > > > > Priority: 1
> > > > > > Section:
> > > > > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
> > > > > >   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
> > > > > >   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
> > > > > >   realm.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Requested change:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > One or more of the following changes:
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
> > > > > >    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
> > > > > >    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
> > > > > >    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
> > > > > >    a Destination-FQDN.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
> > > > > >    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
> > > > > >    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
> > > > > >    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > ====================================================================
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> > 
> 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 11:13:01 2001
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <schoenw@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de>
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	Mark Eklund on Thu, 31 May 2001 18:34:28 -0400 (EDT))
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Mark> Juergen,
Mark> 
Mark> Is the following acceptable.
Mark> 
Mark>  1. I renamed "AVP Data Formats" to "AVP Base Data Formats".

OK

Mark>  2. I created a new section, "AVP Derived Data Formats".

OK

Mark>  3. I stated that an AVP Derived Data Format MUST only be
Mark>     defined in one RFC.

I guess you mean "AVP Base Data Formats" here. With that assumption, OK.

Mark>  4. I stated that a new AVP Derived Data Format MUST be
Mark>     registered with IANA.  (This may be a little extreme.)

This at least ensures that you get unique names.

Mark>  5. I moved Address to the AVP Derived Data Formats.

OK

Mark>  6. I added a time format to the AVP Derived Data Formats.

OK

Mark>  7. I added UTF8String and used most of the explanation from
Mark>     your example to describe it.

OK

Mark>  8. Additionally, I specified that UTF8String MUST not contain
Mark>     an octet with a value of zero.

Note sure this is necessary - but see below.

Mark>  9. I added a DiameterIdentity format (formerly FQDN) to the AVP
Mark>     Derived Data Formats.

OK

Mark> 10. I added an Enumerated format to the AVP Derived Data
Mark>     Formats.

OK.

Mark> Below is the new text.  Is the basic idea getting closer to
Mark> respectable?  If so, any comments on the details?

Looks good. Below are some more detailed comments.

Mark>  OctetString
Mark>     The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
Mark>     otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 9
Mark>     (13 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  AVP Values of this type that
Mark>     do not align on a 32-bit boundary MUST have the necessary
Mark>     padding.

Note that the length should be 8 or 12 to allow for zero-length
strings (as noted already somewhere else).

Mark>  Unsigned32
Mark>     32 bit unsigned value, in network byte order. The AVP Length
Mark>     field MUST be set to 12 (16 if the 'V' bit is enabled).
Mark>     Unsigned32 values used to transmit time data contains the four
Mark>     most significant octets returned from NTP [18], in network byte
Mark>     order.

I suggest to remove the last sentence as it is irrelevant for
understanding what an Unsigned32 value looks like.

Mark>  Address
Mark>  	  The Address format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base 
Mark>     Format. It represents 32 bit (IPv4) [17] or 128 bit (IPv6)
Mark>     [16] address, most significant octet first. The format of the
Mark>     address (IPv4 or IPv6) is determined by the length. If the
Mark>     attribute value is an IPv4 address, the AVP Length field MUST
Mark>     be 12 (16 if 'V' bit is enabled), otherwise the AVP Length
Mark>     field MUST be set to 24 (28 if the 'V' bit is enabled) for
Mark>     IPv6 addresses.

Perhaps this should be called IpAddress to make it clearer that it is
restricted to IP addresses. Another question is whether Diameter will
ever have to deal with scoped IPv6 addresses which require another 4
bytes to make them unique in a given domain (scope identifier). RFC
2851 has take the approach to allow 16 or 20 bytes for an IPv6
address.

Mark>  UTF8String
[...]

Mark> 	  The UTF8String MUST not contain any octets with a value of 
Mark>     zero.

I am not sure this is needed since you already have this:

Mark>     Since additional code points are added by amendments to the
Mark>     10646 standard from time to time, implementations MUST be
Mark>     prepared to encounter any code point from 0x00000001 to
Mark>     0x7fffffff.  Byte sequences that do not correspond to the
Mark>     valid UTF-8 encoding of a code point or are outside this
Mark>     range are prohibited.

I am not a UTF-8 expert but it appears to me (from reading RFC 2279)
that the UTF-8 encoding can only contain a 0x00 byte if the code point
is actually 0x00000000. But I might be wrong on this.

Mark>  Enumerated
Mark>     Enumerated is Derived from the Unsigned32 AVP Base Format.
Mark>     This contains a list of valid values and their interpretation 
Mark>     and is described in the Diameter application introducing the AVP.

I personally would allow negative enumerated values (which is
consistent with the SMIv2/SMIng and XDR) and thus I would use
Integer32 as the AVP base format here. There remaining range of
positive numbers should still be large enough to hold real-world
enumerated values.


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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 08:03:25 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] What to do if STR is sent to unavailable server.(2nd try)
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 11:06:46AM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> Pat,
> 
> On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 06:00:06PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > Would you have a similar AVP for accounting?  
> > 
> > hmmmm... it would be interesting to include an AVP that contains the
> > identity of the server that handles accountinng for a particular session.
> > 
> > others?
> 
> Just to verify.  The above question and comments have to do
> with having the present AAA contain something telling where to
> send the ACR.  If there is interest, this would be a different
> issue.  Correct?

Right. So would it make more sense to send the identity of the
accounting server, or just something similar to the AA-Destination-Config
AVP below, where all accounting records will be guaranteed to be sent
to the authorizing server.

Yes, this would be a separate issue, IMHO. Oh, and this sure smells
like a new feature, so we should be careful here in adopting new
features.

PatC
> 
> > 
> > > Would re-auth be the same AVP as STR?
> > > Can we combine option 2 and 4?
> > > 
> > > AA-Destination-Config
> > >  The AA-Destination-Config is of type Enumerated.  It specifies
> > >  how subsequent AAR and STR MUST be sent.  This may be sent in
> > >  either the initial authentication, or any re-auth.  If not
> > >  present, BOTH is used.
> > > 
> > >  BOTH(0)  - Always use Destination-FQDN and Destination-Realm
> > >  REALM(1) - Only send Destination-Realm
> > >  TWICE(2) - Do BOTH.  If DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER retransmit
> > >             using REALM
> > 
> > That works for me. Anyone object?
> > 
> > > 
> > > Acct-Destination-Config
> > >  Same as above except this may be sent in accounting packets.
> > > 
> > > Mobile-Destination-Config
> > >  Do we need this too, or does AA-Destination-Config handle this?
> > 
> > Actually, by pulling this particular AVP into the base protocol,
> > it would be used by *any* application
> 
> How about we call it Application-Destination-Config (or
> something abbreviated).  When received, all subsequent requests
> for that session with that application type will be controlled
> by that config.  Before sending, you would have to lookup where
> to send it.
> 
> Session_ID Application AA/Acct Destination-Config
> XYZ...     NASREQ      AA      BOTH
> XYZ...     NASREQ      Acct    REALM
> MNO...     MOBILEIP    AA      TWO
> MNO...     MOBILEIP    Acct    TWO
> MNO...     NEWWAY      Acct    ONE
> 
> This is getting a little complex.  What if we made it really
> simple with a new option.
> 
> 4. If the client receives a DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the
>    client MUST re-send the request with a Destination-FQDN of
>    "*".  "*" denotes that this is a rebroadcast because the
>    initial Destination-FQDN was unreachable.
> 
> If a server cannot handle re-auths or accounting records for a
> fellow server, it can drop it.
> 
> -mark
> 
> > > 
> > > Also, could it be simply Destination-Config and what it
> > > configures is dependent upon what type of packet this is?
> > 
> > Right, that's my thought. It would handle all re-auths and STRs.
> > > 
> > > Also, this would break using the presence of Destination-FQDN as
> > > an indicator of continued conversation.
> > 
> > Not at all. If a server states that it does not care where the message
> > is sent, then this implies that the servers have shared state, and therefore
> > it really doesn't matter where the message is sent to. So, load balancing
> > would allow this message to be sent to *any* server.
> > 
> > PatC
> > 
> > > On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > > 
> > > > On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 05:27:54PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > > David,
> > > > > 
> > > > > On Mon, 4 Jun 2001, David Spence wrote:
> > > > > 
> > > > > > #3 sounds good to me.  That includes #2, resend the STR without the
> > > > > > Destination-FQDN, plus let certain types (to be specified later) of proxy
> > > > > > resend the STR without the Destination-FQDN to relieve the client from
> > > > > > having to do so.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > I must admit, I don't quite understand #4.  If anyone favors it, perhaps
> > > > > > they could elaborate.
> > > > > 
> > > > > I don't favor #4, but I'll elaborate. The basic idea was to give
> > > > > the server control over what is sent.  It could tell the client
> > > > > to not use a Destination-FQDN.  It would do this with an
> > > > > STR-Destination AVP which would be included in the AAA.
> > > > 
> > > > That's my preference. Don't send it unless the home server tells you it is ok.
> > > > 
> > > > PatC
> > > > > 
> > > > > -mark
> > > > > 
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > All,
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > I had sent this issue out earlier and got no response.  My vote
> > > > > > > is for option #3.  If someone wants to send an STR a second time
> > > > > > > with no Destination-FQDN, let them.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > -mark
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Submitter name: Mark Eklund
> > > > > > > Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
> > > > > > > Date first submitted: 24-May-2001
> > > > > > > Reference:
> > > > > > > Document: Base
> > > > > > > Comment type: T
> > > > > > > Priority: 1
> > > > > > > Section:
> > > > > > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > * The Session-Terminate-Request requires a Destination-FQDN
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > * There was going to be text added to state that the Destination-FQDN
> > > > > > >   should be that of the last place you authenticated.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > * What happens if that Destination-FQDN is down?  If this is a cluster
> > > > > > >   of servers, there may still be a need for the STR to be sent to the
> > > > > > >   realm.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Requested change:
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > One or more of the following changes:
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 1. Do nothing.  If the authenticating server goes down, either all the
> > > > > > >    state data is lost, or session timeouts will cleanup any STRs missed.
> > > > > > >    A statement as such should be added to the RFC reflecting this.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 2. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  If the client receives a
> > > > > > >    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, the client may send the request without
> > > > > > >    a Destination-FQDN.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 3. #2 above, but allow a proxy to also do this.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > 4. Make the Destination-FQDN optional.  Add an STR-Destination AVP
> > > > > > >    that is of type integer that is sent as a part of the authentication
> > > > > > >    process.  This would contain the Destination-Realm and optionally
> > > > > > >    the Destination-FQDN to which this should be sent.
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > ====================================================================
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > 
> 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 11:37:46 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue #33: Is API Considered Useful
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As far as I can see, this is not a requirement in RFC 2989. Personally, I
don't feel that this is necessary because given the failover/failback
functionality, if it is possible to bring up a reliable connection,
Diameter will  get the accounting packets through. So there shouldn't be
any need to poll for the data.

On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> All,
> 
> I spoke with Tom Hiller, the editor of the various 3GPP2 specs, and talked to him about
> P.R001, and the rather obscure requirement to allow for a server initiated accounting
> poll. He stated that if the feature wasn't discussed in P.S001, then it isn't a requirement,
> and P.R001 is a non-normative reference in P.S001 (it is informational only).
> 
> So, it sounds as if we can get rid of this feature, but I would like to ask, one last time,
> whether people feel it is necessary for an accounting server to be able to issue a request
> to an access device to force it to send an accounting message. If so, then we will keep this
> feature, but if there is no demand..... out it goes.
> 
> PatC
> 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 11:53:15 2001
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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Mark Eklund'" <meklund@cisco.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 10:53:12 -0500 
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Mark Eklund [mailto:meklund@cisco.com]
> 
> Pat,
> 
> Here is my proposed solution for multi-process access.  

Looks good so far.  My only recommendation is non-technical -> call the Win/Lose Election events something more in line with their description, something like "Existing-Conn-Win" and "New-Conn-Win", maybe?

This is slightly off topic from the current thread, but I've been wondering a few things.  How do multihoming and ip aliasing interfere w/this model?

My understanding is that connections can be bound to any subset of the IPs available.  I've done a little digging, and this seems somewhat different for SCTP and TCP, but the conditions below are possible with both.

If that's the case, and the client listening on "w.x.y.z" is initiating connections from "p.q.r.s", it would seem that he could create undetectable duplicate connections.  It seems like quite a bit of effort has gone into the state machine to eliminate duplicate transport connections, so I figured this case needs to be mentioned.

I did a quick search of the list archive, and couldn't find any reference to this sort of situation.  Perhaps it should be explicitly disallowed in the spec, if it isn't already.  (e.g. "All initiator connections from a given AAA entity must be bound to the same IP(s) as that entity's responder connection(s)").  This does not seem to prevent duplicate connections entirely (apparently outgoing TCP connections can't really logically bind themselves to more than one address), but it does seem to eliminate a few extra possibilities.

Can anyone think of a logical reason to have a AAA entity that functions otherwise?

-Brian


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 11:54:01 2001
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From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Juergen Schoenwaelder <schoenw@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de>
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Juergen,

On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:

> 
> Mark> Juergen,
> Mark> 
> Mark> Is the following acceptable.
> Mark> 
> Mark>  1. I renamed "AVP Data Formats" to "AVP Base Data Formats".
> 
> OK
> 
> Mark>  2. I created a new section, "AVP Derived Data Formats".
> 
> OK
> 
> Mark>  3. I stated that an AVP Derived Data Format MUST only be
> Mark>     defined in one RFC.
> 
> I guess you mean "AVP Base Data Formats" here. With that assumption, OK.

Correct

> 
> Mark>  4. I stated that a new AVP Derived Data Format MUST be
> Mark>     registered with IANA.  (This may be a little extreme.)
> 
> This at least ensures that you get unique names.
> 
> Mark>  5. I moved Address to the AVP Derived Data Formats.
> 
> OK
> 
> Mark>  6. I added a time format to the AVP Derived Data Formats.
> 
> OK
> 
> Mark>  7. I added UTF8String and used most of the explanation from
> Mark>     your example to describe it.
> 
> OK
> 
> Mark>  8. Additionally, I specified that UTF8String MUST not contain
> Mark>     an octet with a value of zero.
> 
> Note sure this is necessary - but see below.
> 
> Mark>  9. I added a DiameterIdentity format (formerly FQDN) to the AVP
> Mark>     Derived Data Formats.
> 
> OK
> 
> Mark> 10. I added an Enumerated format to the AVP Derived Data
> Mark>     Formats.
> 
> OK.
> 
> Mark> Below is the new text.  Is the basic idea getting closer to
> Mark> respectable?  If so, any comments on the details?
> 
> Looks good. Below are some more detailed comments.
> 
> Mark>  OctetString
> Mark>     The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
> Mark>     otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 9
> Mark>     (13 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  AVP Values of this type that
> Mark>     do not align on a 32-bit boundary MUST have the necessary
> Mark>     padding.
> 
> Note that the length should be 8 or 12 to allow for zero-length
> strings (as noted already somewhere else).

Agreed.

> 
> Mark>  Unsigned32
> Mark>     32 bit unsigned value, in network byte order. The AVP Length
> Mark>     field MUST be set to 12 (16 if the 'V' bit is enabled).
> Mark>     Unsigned32 values used to transmit time data contains the four
> Mark>     most significant octets returned from NTP [18], in network byte
> Mark>     order.
> 
> I suggest to remove the last sentence as it is irrelevant for
> understanding what an Unsigned32 value looks like.

Agreed.

> 
> Mark>  Address
> Mark>  	  The Address format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base 
> Mark>     Format. It represents 32 bit (IPv4) [17] or 128 bit (IPv6)
> Mark>     [16] address, most significant octet first. The format of the
> Mark>     address (IPv4 or IPv6) is determined by the length. If the
> Mark>     attribute value is an IPv4 address, the AVP Length field MUST
> Mark>     be 12 (16 if 'V' bit is enabled), otherwise the AVP Length
> Mark>     field MUST be set to 24 (28 if the 'V' bit is enabled) for
> Mark>     IPv6 addresses.
> 
> Perhaps this should be called IpAddress to make it clearer that it is
> restricted to IP addresses. Another question is whether Diameter will
> ever have to deal with scoped IPv6 addresses which require another 4
> bytes to make them unique in a given domain (scope identifier). RFC
> 2851 has take the approach to allow 16 or 20 bytes for an IPv6
> address.

Good point.  I'll leave the above as is for now, but create a
new issue concerning the above.

> 
> Mark>  UTF8String
> [...]
> 
> Mark> 	  The UTF8String MUST not contain any octets with a value of 
> Mark>     zero.
> 
> I am not sure this is needed since you already have this:
> 
> Mark>     Since additional code points are added by amendments to the
> Mark>     10646 standard from time to time, implementations MUST be
> Mark>     prepared to encounter any code point from 0x00000001 to
> Mark>     0x7fffffff.  Byte sequences that do not correspond to the
> Mark>     valid UTF-8 encoding of a code point or are outside this
> Mark>     range are prohibited.
> 
> I am not a UTF-8 expert but it appears to me (from reading RFC 2279)
> that the UTF-8 encoding can only contain a 0x00 byte if the code point
> is actually 0x00000000. But I might be wrong on this.

I'm no expert either.  I'd like to explicitely state that no
octet may contain a 0x00 byte.  I agree the statement is
redundant.  How about I change and move the statement to be the
last sentence in the below paragraph.

    Since additional code points are added by amendments to the
    10646 standard from time to time, implementations MUST be
    prepared to encounter any code point from 0x00000001 to
    0x7fffffff.  Byte sequences that do not correspond to the
    valid UTF-8 encoding of a code point or are outside this
    range are prohibited.  Note that since a code point of
    0x00000000 is prohibited, no octet will contain a value of
    0x00.

> 
> Mark>  Enumerated
> Mark>     Enumerated is Derived from the Unsigned32 AVP Base Format.
> Mark>     This contains a list of valid values and their interpretation 
> Mark>     and is described in the Diameter application introducing the AVP.
> 
> I personally would allow negative enumerated values (which is
> consistent with the SMIv2/SMIng and XDR) and thus I would use
> Integer32 as the AVP base format here. There remaining range of
> positive numbers should still be large enough to hold real-world
> enumerated values.
> 

Good point.  Making it an Integer32 is fine by me.

-mark




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 11:57:44 2001
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <schoenw@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de>
To: meklund@cisco.com
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu, erik.guttman@germany.sun.com, pcalhoun@diameter.org
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>>>>> Mark Eklund writes:

Mark> I'm no expert either.  I'd like to explicitely state that no
Mark> octet may contain a 0x00 byte.  I agree the statement is
Mark> redundant.  How about I change and move the statement to be the
Mark> last sentence in the below paragraph.

Mark>     Since additional code points are added by amendments to the
Mark> 10646 standard from time to time, implementations MUST be
Mark> prepared to encounter any code point from 0x00000001 to
Mark> 0x7fffffff.  Byte sequences that do not correspond to the valid
Mark> UTF-8 encoding of a code point or are outside this range are
Mark> prohibited.  Note that since a code point of 0x00000000 is
Mark> prohibited, no octet will contain a value of 0x00.

Looks good to me.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder      Technical University Braunschweig
<schoenw@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de>  Dept. Operating Systems & Computer Networks
Phone: +49 531 391 3289    Bueltenweg 74/75, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
Fax:   +49 531 391 5936    <URL:http://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/~schoenw/>




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 11:59:49 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Proposed fix for issues 26, 38 and 48
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All,

Here is my proposed fix for issues 26, 38 and 48. This proposed text is
similar to Mark's text earlier this week, but also addresses other issues.

PatC
----

10.12  Session-Binding AVP

   The Session-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and MAY
   be present in application-specific authorization answer messages. If
   present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that all future
   application-specific re-auth messages for this session MUST be sent
   to the same authorization server. This AVP MAY also specify that a
   Session-Termination-Request message for this session
    MUST be sent to the same authorizing server. The following values
   are supported:

      DONT_CARE                  0
         The Destination-Host AVP does not need to be present in future
         re-auth and STR messages for this session.

      RE_AUTH_ONLY               1
         The Destination-Host AVP in future re-auth messages for this
         session MUST be set to the value of the Origin-Host AVP in the
         authorization answer message.

      STR_ONLY                   2
         The Destination-Host AVP in Session-Termination-Request message
         for this session MUST be set to the value of the Origin-Host
         AVP in the authorization answer message.

      DO_BOTH                    3
         The Destination-Host AVP in future re-auth and the Session-
         Termination-Request message for this session MUST be set to the
         value of the Origin-Host AVP in the authorization answer
         message.


10.13  Session-Server-Failover AVP

   The Session-Server-Failover AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32,
   and MAY be present in application-specific authorization answer
   messages that include the Session-Binding AVP with a non-zero value.
   If present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that if a re-auth
   or STR message fails due to a delivery problem, the Diameter client
   SHOULD issue a subsequent message without the Destination-Host AVP.

      REFUSE_SERVICE             0
         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails,
         terminate service with the user, and do not attempt any
         subsequent attempts.

      TRY_AGAIN                  1
         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
         the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 12:00:14 2001
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From: David Frascone <dave@frascone.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue #3: Bring back UTF-8
Message-ID: <20010605091832.C18382@newman.frascone.com>
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I think that the "Derived Data Formats" are something that should be left to
implementations.  If we want to formalize them, it should be in a different
draft, and should not be in Diameter's critical path.

Currently, we have implemented something similar in XML, anthough Mark has 
done MUCH more work than we have on formalizing the types.

So, I guess my vote is that it is a dictionary issue.  Although, that does 
*not* imply that it cannot be formalized.  Just that it should not be 
formalized in the core documents. 

-Dave

On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 06:52:57AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> All,
> 
> Mark Eklund made a proposal in http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00392.html,
> and there hasn't been any discussions on this. This e-mail was specifically targetted to
> Erik Guttman and Juergen, but no response was received.
> 
> Do people feel comfortable with this approach? I believe that this request has been made
> several times in the past year, and there seemed to be considerable interest. Of course,
> we could simply state that this is a dictionary issue, and doesn't belong in the core
> specs, but it would be nice to allow dictionary creation to follow the author of an
> application's original intent, and not have any second guessing to do.
> 
> Comments?
> 
> PatC
> 


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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 09:10:44 -0700 (PDT)
From: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Re: [issue] Bring back UTF8 datatype.
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Juergen Schoenwaelder <schoenw@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        erik.guttman@germany.sun.com, pcalhoun@diameter.org
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Mark,

Could you please update the text to include Juergen's comments and resend to
the list? I would then include the text into the base protocol spec.

PatC

> Juergen,
> 
> On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> 
> > 
> > Mark> Juergen,
> > Mark> 
> > Mark> Is the following acceptable.
> > Mark> 
> > Mark>  1. I renamed "AVP Data Formats" to "AVP Base Data Formats".
> > 
> > OK
> > 
> > Mark>  2. I created a new section, "AVP Derived Data Formats".
> > 
> > OK
> > 
> > Mark>  3. I stated that an AVP Derived Data Format MUST only be
> > Mark>     defined in one RFC.
> > 
> > I guess you mean "AVP Base Data Formats" here. With that assumption, OK.
> 
> Correct
> 
> > 
> > Mark>  4. I stated that a new AVP Derived Data Format MUST be
> > Mark>     registered with IANA.  (This may be a little extreme.)
> > 
> > This at least ensures that you get unique names.
> > 
> > Mark>  5. I moved Address to the AVP Derived Data Formats.
> > 
> > OK
> > 
> > Mark>  6. I added a time format to the AVP Derived Data Formats.
> > 
> > OK
> > 
> > Mark>  7. I added UTF8String and used most of the explanation from
> > Mark>     your example to describe it.
> > 
> > OK
> > 
> > Mark>  8. Additionally, I specified that UTF8String MUST not contain
> > Mark>     an octet with a value of zero.
> > 
> > Note sure this is necessary - but see below.
> > 
> > Mark>  9. I added a DiameterIdentity format (formerly FQDN) to the AVP
> > Mark>     Derived Data Formats.
> > 
> > OK
> > 
> > Mark> 10. I added an Enumerated format to the AVP Derived Data
> > Mark>     Formats.
> > 
> > OK.
> > 
> > Mark> Below is the new text.  Is the basic idea getting closer to
> > Mark> respectable?  If so, any comments on the details?
> > 
> > Looks good. Below are some more detailed comments.
> > 
> > Mark>  OctetString
> > Mark>     The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
> > Mark>     otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 9
> > Mark>     (13 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  AVP Values of this type that
> > Mark>     do not align on a 32-bit boundary MUST have the necessary
> > Mark>     padding.
> > 
> > Note that the length should be 8 or 12 to allow for zero-length
> > strings (as noted already somewhere else).
> 
> Agreed.
> 
> > 
> > Mark>  Unsigned32
> > Mark>     32 bit unsigned value, in network byte order. The AVP Length
> > Mark>     field MUST be set to 12 (16 if the 'V' bit is enabled).
> > Mark>     Unsigned32 values used to transmit time data contains the four
> > Mark>     most significant octets returned from NTP [18], in network byte
> > Mark>     order.
> > 
> > I suggest to remove the last sentence as it is irrelevant for
> > understanding what an Unsigned32 value looks like.
> 
> Agreed.
> 
> > 
> > Mark>  Address
> > Mark>  	  The Address format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base 
> > Mark>     Format. It represents 32 bit (IPv4) [17] or 128 bit (IPv6)
> > Mark>     [16] address, most significant octet first. The format of the
> > Mark>     address (IPv4 or IPv6) is determined by the length. If the
> > Mark>     attribute value is an IPv4 address, the AVP Length field MUST
> > Mark>     be 12 (16 if 'V' bit is enabled), otherwise the AVP Length
> > Mark>     field MUST be set to 24 (28 if the 'V' bit is enabled) for
> > Mark>     IPv6 addresses.
> > 
> > Perhaps this should be called IpAddress to make it clearer that it is
> > restricted to IP addresses. Another question is whether Diameter will
> > ever have to deal with scoped IPv6 addresses which require another 4
> > bytes to make them unique in a given domain (scope identifier). RFC
> > 2851 has take the approach to allow 16 or 20 bytes for an IPv6
> > address.
> 
> Good point.  I'll leave the above as is for now, but create a
> new issue concerning the above.
> 
> > 
> > Mark>  UTF8String
> > [...]
> > 
> > Mark> 	  The UTF8String MUST not contain any octets with a value of 
> > Mark>     zero.
> > 
> > I am not sure this is needed since you already have this:
> > 
> > Mark>     Since additional code points are added by amendments to the
> > Mark>     10646 standard from time to time, implementations MUST be
> > Mark>     prepared to encounter any code point from 0x00000001 to
> > Mark>     0x7fffffff.  Byte sequences that do not correspond to the
> > Mark>     valid UTF-8 encoding of a code point or are outside this
> > Mark>     range are prohibited.
> > 
> > I am not a UTF-8 expert but it appears to me (from reading RFC 2279)
> > that the UTF-8 encoding can only contain a 0x00 byte if the code point
> > is actually 0x00000000. But I might be wrong on this.
> 
> I'm no expert either.  I'd like to explicitely state that no
> octet may contain a 0x00 byte.  I agree the statement is
> redundant.  How about I change and move the statement to be the
> last sentence in the below paragraph.
> 
>     Since additional code points are added by amendments to the
>     10646 standard from time to time, implementations MUST be
>     prepared to encounter any code point from 0x00000001 to
>     0x7fffffff.  Byte sequences that do not correspond to the
>     valid UTF-8 encoding of a code point or are outside this
>     range are prohibited.  Note that since a code point of
>     0x00000000 is prohibited, no octet will contain a value of
>     0x00.
> 
> > 
> > Mark>  Enumerated
> > Mark>     Enumerated is Derived from the Unsigned32 AVP Base Format.
> > Mark>     This contains a list of valid values and their interpretation 
> > Mark>     and is described in the Diameter application introducing the AVP.
> > 
> > I personally would allow negative enumerated values (which is
> > consistent with the SMIv2/SMIng and XDR) and thus I would use
> > Integer32 as the AVP base format here. There remaining range of
> > positive numbers should still be large enough to hold real-world
> > enumerated values.
> > 
> 
> Good point.  Making it an Integer32 is fine by me.
> 
> -mark
> 
> 




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 13:51:07 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 10:43:58 -0700 (PDT)
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
Cc: "'Mark Eklund'" <meklund@cisco.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
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> This is slightly off topic from the current thread, but I've been wondering
> a few things.  How do multihoming and ip aliasing interfere w/this model?

Not a problem since the peer's identity is used, not IP addresses.

> If that's the case, and the client listening on "w.x.y.z" is initiating
> connections from "p.q.r.s", it would seem that he could create undetectable
> duplicate connections.  It seems like quite a bit of effort has gone into
> the state machine to eliminate duplicate transport connections, so I figured
> this case needs to be mentioned.

ok, but again, since the state machine doesn't use IP addresses, but rather
peer identities, and of course assuming the same identity is sent regardless
of the source IP address, the state machine would work fine.

> 
> I did a quick search of the list archive, and couldn't find any reference to
> this sort of situation.  Perhaps it should be explicitly disallowed in the
> spec, if it isn't already.  (e.g. "All initiator connections from a given
> AAA entity must be bound to the same IP(s) as that entity's responder
> connection(s)").  This does not seem to prevent duplicate connections
> entirely (apparently outgoing TCP connections can't really logically bind
> themselves to more than one address), but it does seem to eliminate a few
> extra possibilities.
> 
> Can anyone think of a logical reason to have a AAA entity that functions
> otherwise?

multi-homing should be support (actually already is), and I wouldn't feel
comfortable eliminating this.

Having said that, for those of you have have seen my comments to the transport
draft, that spec implies that a AAA protocol MUST allow multiple connections
between peers for non SCTP transports in order to minimize head of line
blocking.

Now that's is completely against what we've been doing in the base protocol
spec, so what do folks think we should do? Single or multiple connections?

PatC



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From: "Ruslan R. Laishev" <Laishev@SMTP.DeltaTel.RU>
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> Now that's is completely against what we've been doing in the base protocol
> spec, so what do folks think we should do? Single or multiple connections?
	multiple.
> 
> PatC

-- 
Cheers, Ruslan.
+----------------pure personal opinion------------------------+
    RADIUS Server for OpenVMS project - www.radiusvms.com
      vms-isps@dls.net - Forum for ISP running OpenVMS
                Mobile: +7 (901) 971-3222


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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM]
...
> > a few things.  How do multihoming and ip aliasing interfere 
> w/this model?
> 
> Not a problem since the peer's identity is used, not IP addresses.

I see.  I missed the point of the whole "Server Identification" thread.

...
> Having said that, for those of you have have seen my comments 
> to the transport
> draft, that spec implies that a AAA protocol MUST allow 
> multiple connections
> between peers for non SCTP transports in order to minimize 
> head of line
> blocking.
> 
> Now that's is completely against what we've been doing in the 
> base protocol
> spec, so what do folks think we should do? Single or multiple 
> connections?

Multiple's ok with me, if it needs to be there.  Would/Should we distinguish
between transports when deciding whether to allow an nth connection, or does
this have to be a Pandora's Box of sorts?  (i.e. is this an "all or nothing"
situation?)

-Brian


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 16:05:38 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Proposed fix for issues 26, 38 and 48
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Pat,
Two thoughts.

On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> 
> All,
> 
> Here is my proposed fix for issues 26, 38 and 48. This proposed text is
> similar to Mark's text earlier this week, but also addresses other issues.
> 
> PatC
> ----
> 
> 10.12  Session-Binding AVP
> 
>    The Session-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and MAY
>    be present in application-specific authorization answer messages. If
>    present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that all future
>    application-specific re-auth messages for this session MUST be sent
>    to the same authorization server. This AVP MAY also specify that a
>    Session-Termination-Request message for this session
>     MUST be sent to the same authorizing server. The following values
>    are supported:
> 
>       DONT_CARE                  0
>          The Destination-Host AVP does not need to be present in future
>          re-auth and STR messages for this session.
> 
>       RE_AUTH_ONLY               1
>          The Destination-Host AVP in future re-auth messages for this
>          session MUST be set to the value of the Origin-Host AVP in the
>          authorization answer message.
> 
>       STR_ONLY                   2
>          The Destination-Host AVP in Session-Termination-Request message
>          for this session MUST be set to the value of the Origin-Host
>          AVP in the authorization answer message.
> 

1. If the AVP is not present, is the default DO_BOTH?

>       DO_BOTH                    3
>          The Destination-Host AVP in future re-auth and the Session-
>          Termination-Request message for this session MUST be set to the
>          value of the Origin-Host AVP in the authorization answer
>          message.
> 
> 
> 10.13  Session-Server-Failover AVP
> 
>    The Session-Server-Failover AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32,
>    and MAY be present in application-specific authorization answer
>    messages that include the Session-Binding AVP with a non-zero value.
>    If present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that if a re-auth
>    or STR message fails due to a delivery problem, the Diameter client
>    SHOULD issue a subsequent message without the Destination-Host AVP.
> 
>       REFUSE_SERVICE             0
>          If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails,
>          terminate service with the user, and do not attempt any
>          subsequent attempts.
> 
>       TRY_AGAIN                  1
>          If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
>          the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.

2. If the AVP is not sent, is the default REFUSE_SERVICE?
3. Any possibility of adding the below two?

        ALLOW_SERVICE		   2
           If re-auth message delivery fails, assume that re-authorization
           succeeded.  If STR message delivery fails, terminate
           the session.

        TRY_AGAIN_ALLOW_SERVICE    3
           If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
           the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP
           present.  If the second delivery fails for re-auth,
           assume re-authorization succeeded.  If the second
           delivery fails for STR, terminate the session.
-mark          




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 16:18:33 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Comments on base draft 05
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Hi,

I've been reading though the Diameter drafts, and had a few comments. 
Please forgive me if any of those have already been discussed to death, I 
tried to check as much as possible in the issues list on the Web site, but 
since I haven't been following the list for very long, I might have missed 
some.

I understand that formal issues have to be submitted using the appropriate 
template, but given the number of comments I have, I guess a first quick 
run through on which others can give a quick word on whether the issue is 
not new would be better, to then formally submit only those that are 
actually valid? Let me know if you'd rather have me submit everything in 
the correct format directly...

===========

In 2.5.3, can a server that received a redirect cache the result (e.g. 
based on realm+application)?

===========

In 2.6/3, when using DNS, what if there are indirect relationships? Imagine 
the following:
- ISP A is a customer of roaming clearinghouse B.
- Company E is a customer of ISP D, which is a customer of roaming 
clearinghouse C.
- B & C have a "peering" relationship.

B---C
|   |
A   D
     |
     E

(the idea is to duplicate the peering/transit mechanisms of routing within 
the Internet, to reduce direct peering relationships, but still with the 
ability to have multiple competing roaming clearinghouse that talk to each 
other).

Since there are only direct relationships between A&B, B&C, C&D and D&E, 
the request must be proxied along all that path, but there is no mechanism 
to find it.

Let's say that A->B is done using a simple "default route".

I then see multiple options for B to send the request to E:
1. DNS+"backward" redirects
- The home diameter server (E) is found via SRV RRs by B, but since E 
doesn't "know" B, it redirects it to D (using some "default" mechanism)
- D points to C (ditto)
- request gets to C, which starts again, and so on until we get to E.
Has many drawbacks, amongst which there must be a way for diameter servers 
that don't know each other to talk at least a bit (not a good idea), and 
many round-trips accross the net.
Might be shortened a bit by A sending directly to B (default).

2. DNS+"backward" RRs
- B looks up SRV RRs for E
- since it doesn't know that server (in its peers list), it looks for 
another type of RR (TBD) that points to D (might be a TXT RR giving the 
realm for D)
- starts again to find C, which B knows and can forward the request to.

Probably the most elegant. May have issue with different applications, 
though (unless the server pointed to by SRV RRs is always a proxy that then 
sends to the right server for the specific application).

3. BGP-routing-like realm distribution in CER
Use the Capabilities-Exchange-Request to advertise the realm/application 
pairs that a server supports, not just applications. This would include 
realms that upstream servers support, so it could become quite large. 
Probably not very scalable.

4. BGP-routing-like realm distribution using something else
Might use other commands, a different protocol, or even use extensions to BGP?

My favorite is 2.

Note that all of this might be outside the scope of the (base) document, 
but I think it would be very useful for roaming, especially in the wireless 
(WLAN) context.

==============

In 3.1/4.1/4.5, what about reserving ranges for experimental command & AVP 
codes?

==============

In 3.2, Command ABNF:
- "fixed" isn't defined. It seems to mean that it is required, but at a 
specific position or in a specific order, but that's really unclear.
- the defaults for min & max in qual are not defined if only one of them is 
present (i.e. no qual = 1*1, but what about *n or n*? I guess the latter 
means n*infinity, but does *n mean 1*n or 0*n)?
- it says that it describes AVPs which MUST NOT be present, but that's not 
part of the ABNF (it's implicit).

===============

In 4.1, AVP Flags:
- still mentions both 'r' and reserved bits
- says that unrecognized bits should be considered an error, but also that 
r/reserved bits should be ignored.

==============

In 4.1, what about having a AVP type (OctetString, Address, etc.) in the 
header? This would be useful for logging/debugging purposes in relays that 
wouldn't need to have (up-to-date) dictionnary files.

==============

In 4.5, AVP Flag rules:
- what about a flag that isn't in any of the MUST/MAY/SHOULD NOT/MUST NOT 
categories for a given command?
- isn't there some redundancy between the "MAY encr" column and the 
position of P?

==============

In 4.3/4.4, do the AVP codes in a Grouped AVP share the same scope as those 
at "first level"?

==============

In 4.3, max length of an OctetString is still 65504.

==============

In 5.1, "the local host's identity is encoded in the Origin-Host and 
Origin-Host AVPs" (getting picky, sorry).

==============

In 5.0/5.3, it is unclear whether the Destination-Realm derivation from the 
User-Name should be done only in the NAS, or can be done by any agent on 
the way.

==============

In 5.3, Diameter agents *MAY* have a list of locally supported realms...

==============

In 5.0/5.3.4/5.6
- the use of Destination-Host for answers quite puzzles me. There's 
contradiction between 5.6 and 5.3.4 on how routing should be done (based on 
Destination-Host or Route-Record AVPs?). Using Destination-Host in any case 
would bypass relays/proxies, which would then lose the ability to track 
state, to perform accounting (especially in a roaming environment), etc. 
Not really sure it should ever be used?

- even better, the Destination-Realm should probably never be used to 
routes answers?

- Should original client add a Route-Record AVP (or Proxy-Info)? Or should 
a proxy check the Origin-Host for a loop too? How does routing back to the 
client work?

==============

In 5.3.2
- the use of MRA for redirects doesn't look "clean" to me. I'd rather 
always have an answer with the same command code as the request, with a 
specific result-code.
- loops should be checked

==============

In 5.3.3/5.0, loop checking should be done upon receipt of a message?

==============

In 6.0/5.3.1, how does a relay (which adverstised the relay application ID) 
know which commands are part of which application, if it has multiple 
upstream peers with different applications? Shouldn't the application ID be 
included in the packet header?

==============

In 5.3.4, the agent sending an STR "on behalf of the access device" is a 
violation of 5.4?

==============

In 5.3.1:
- clarify possibility of default realm (which would probably most often be 
the only realm on access devices).
- indicate multiple possible hosts for a realm, or is that handled at 
DNS/transport level?

==============

In 5.5, what's the purpose of the origin-realm? How is it defined/derived?

==============

In 5.8, isn't there some redundancy between Route-Record and Proxy-Host?

==============

Somewhere in 5, it might be interesting to include a way for diameter 
proxy/relay/server clusters to exchange state information to facilitate 
failover. This might be done by sending a copy of all received packets to 
the other node of the cluster, with either a specific flag set (so the 
other node updates its state tables, but does not act on the packet or 
forward it), or some other mechanism. Might be outside the scope of the 
spec, though.

==============

I guess that's it for today. I have a number of other issues, but they were 
against release 4 of the draft, so I have to check them against rev 5 first 
before bothering you any more :-) And thanks to all for all the good work 
that's already been done!

Thanks,

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 17:47:47 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 17:46:49 -0400 (EDT)
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To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
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        erik.guttman@germany.sun.com, pcalhoun@diameter.org
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Re: [issue] Bring back UTF8 datatype.
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Pat, 
Below are the changes with Juergen's suggestions.
-mark

4.3  AVP Base Data Format

   The Data field is zero or more octets and contains information
   specific to the Attribute. The format and length of the Data field is
   determined by the AVP Code and AVP Length fields. The format of the
   Data field MUST be one of the following base data types or a data
   type derived from the base data types.  In the event that a new
   AVP Base Data Format is needed, a new version of this RFC must be
   created.

      OctetString
         The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
         otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8
         (12 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  AVP Values of this type that
         do not align on a 32-bit boundary MUST have the necessary padding.

      Integer32
         32 bit signed value, in network byte order. The AVP Length
         field MUST be set to 12 (16 if the 'V' bit is enabled).

      Integer64
         64 bit signed value, in network byte order. The AVP Length
         field MUST be set to 16 (20 if the 'V' bit is enabled).

      Unsigned32
         32 bit unsigned value, in network byte order. The AVP Length
         field MUST be set to 12 (16 if the 'V' bit is enabled).

      Unsigned64
         64 bit unsigned value, in network byte order. The AVP Length
         field MUST be set to 16 (20 if the 'V' bit is enabled).

      Float32
         This represents floating point values of single precision as
         described by [30].  The 32 bit value is transmitted in network
         byte order. The AVP Length field MUST be set to 12 (16 if the
         'V' bit is enabled).

      Float64
         This represents floating point values of double precision as
         described by [30].  The 64 bit value is transmitted in network
         byte order. The AVP Length field MUST be set to 16 (20 if the
         'V' bit is enabled).

      Float128
         This represents floating point values of quadruple precision as
         described by [30].  The 128 bit value is transmitted in network
         byte order. The AVP Length field MUST be set to 24 (28 if the
         'V' bit is enabled).

      Grouped
         The Data field is specified as a sequence of AVPs.  Each of
         these AVPs follows - in the order in which they are specified -
         including their headers and padding.  The AVP Length field is
         set to 8 (12 if the 'V' bit is enabled) plus the total length
         of all included AVPs, including their headers and padding.

4.4 AVP Derived Data Formats
      In addition to the AVP Base Data Formats, applications may define
      data formats derived from the AVP Base Data Formats.  New AVP Derived 
      Data Formats MUST be registered with IANA.  A derived Data Format
      can only be defined in one active (non-obsolete) RFC.

      An application that uses AVP Derived Data Formats other than those
      defined in the base protocol MUST have a section "AVP Derived Data
      Formats" that includes each of these formats.  In that section, 
      each format is either defined or listed with a reference to the
      RFC that defines this format.  If the AVP Derived Data Format is
      defined, it SHOULD use a format similar to the format
      definitions below.

      The below AVP Derived DATA Formats are commonly used by applications.
      
      Address
	 The Address format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base 
         Format. It represents 32 bit (IPv4) [17] or 128 bit (IPv6)
         [16] address, most significant octet first. The format of the
         address (IPv4 or IPv6) is determined by the length. If the
         attribute value is an IPv4 address, the AVP Length field MUST
         be 12 (16 if 'V' bit is enabled), otherwise the AVP Length
         field MUST be set to 24 (28 if the 'V' bit is enabled) for
         IPv6 addresses.
      
      Time
         The Time format is derived from the Unsigned32 AVP Base
	 Format.  This is 32 bit unsigned value containing the four
         most significant octets returned from NTP [18], in network byte
         order.
	 
	 This represent the number of seconds since 0h on 1 January
	 1900 with respect to the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

	 On 6h 28m 16s UTC, 7 February 2036 the time value will overflow.
	 NTP [18] describes a procedure to extend the time to 2104.
      
      UTF8String
	 The UTF8String format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  This is a human readable string represented
         using the ISO/IEC IS 10646-1 character set, encoded as an
         OctetString using the UTF-8 [29] transformation format
         described in RFC 2279.

         Since additional code points are added by amendments to the
         10646 standard from time to time, implementations MUST be
         prepared to encounter any code point from 0x00000001 to
         0x7fffffff.  Byte sequences that do not correspond to the
         valid UTF-8 encoding of a code point or are outside this
         range are prohibited.  Note that since a code point of 
         0x00000000 is prohibited, no octet will contain a value 
         of 0x00.

	 The use of control codes SHOULD be avoided. When it is
         necessary to represent a newline, the control code sequence
         CR LF SHOULD be used.

         The use of leading or trailing white space SHOULD be avoided.

         For code points not directly supported by user interface
         hardware or software, an alternative means of entry and
         display, such as hexadecimal, MAY be provided.

	 For information encoded in 7-bit US-ASCII, the UTF-8
         encoding is identical to the US-ASCII encoding.

         UTF-8 may require multiple bytes to represent a single
         character / code point; thus the length of a UTF8String in
         octets may be different from the number of characters
         encoded.

         Note that the size of an UTF8String is measured in octets,
         not characters."

	 The UTF8String MUST not contain any octets with a value of 
         zero.

      DiameterIdentity
	 The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
	 requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
         the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules specified 
         below:

          Diameter-Identity  = [protocol] fqdn [ port ]
                               [ transport ]

          protocol-name      = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )

          protocol           = protocol-name "://"
          ; If absent, the default is "diameter://"

          fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name

          port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
          ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.

          transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
          ; If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is assumed.
          ; UDP is ONLY used when the protocol is set to RADIUS

       The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:

          host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
          diameter://host.abc.com
          diameter://host.abc.com:6666
          diameter://host.abc.com;transport=tcp
          diameter://host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
          radius://host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp

      Enumerated
         Enumerated is Derived from the Integer32 AVP Base Format.
         This contains a list of valid values and their interpretation 
         and is described in the Diameter application introducing the AVP.





From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 18:41:10 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, dave@frascone.com
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue #3: Bring back UTF-8 (fwd)
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> I think that the "Derived Data Formats" are something that should be left to
> implementations.  If we want to formalize them, it should be in a different
> draft, and should not be in Diameter's critical path.

Is this actually true? This argument has been made throughout the data type
discussions, and I don't buy it. Let's take the User-Name AVP, whose definition
is:

"  The User-Name AVP (AVP Code 1) [1] is of type OctetString, which
   contains the User-Name.  The value is represented as a UTF-8
   character encoded string in a format consistent with the NAI
   specification [8]."

Note that the second sentence specifically states that this AVP MUST be
encoded in UTF-8 format. If it isn't, then an implementation is NOT conformant.

Therefore, this type does in fact affect the on-the-wire protocol, since although
it doesn't affect the headers, it affects the data encapsulated within the AVP.

DiameterIdentity is another perfect example. Since there aren't sub-types being
defined, I added it to section 2, which is rather odd.

> 
> Currently, we have implemented something similar in XML, anthough Mark has 
> done MUCH more work than we have on formalizing the types.
> 
> So, I guess my vote is that it is a dictionary issue.  Although, that does 
> *not* imply that it cannot be formalized.  Just that it should not be 
> formalized in the core documents. 

I think that it would make much more sense for the author of an application to
define in the specification any sub-types, as opposed to let the creators of
the dictionaries assume the sub-type.

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 18:50:30 2001
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From: David Frascone <dave@frascone.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue #3: Bring back UTF-8 (fwd)
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When I first started objecting to this, it was because proxies did not need
to know about the inner data to be able to proxy the packets.  That is very
far from true now. 

Given that UTF-8, time formats, etc are now part of the core protocol, and
need to be examined by even the dumbest proxies, it would probably be better
to include the subtypes in the core protocol.

"I have been swayed"

:)


-Dave

On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 03:30:39PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > I think that the "Derived Data Formats" are something that should be left to
> > implementations.  If we want to formalize them, it should be in a different
> > draft, and should not be in Diameter's critical path.
> 
> Is this actually true? This argument has been made throughout the data type
> discussions, and I don't buy it. Let's take the User-Name AVP, whose definition
> is:
> 
> "  The User-Name AVP (AVP Code 1) [1] is of type OctetString, which
>    contains the User-Name.  The value is represented as a UTF-8
>    character encoded string in a format consistent with the NAI
>    specification [8]."
> 
> Note that the second sentence specifically states that this AVP MUST be
> encoded in UTF-8 format. If it isn't, then an implementation is NOT conformant.
> 
> Therefore, this type does in fact affect the on-the-wire protocol, since although
> it doesn't affect the headers, it affects the data encapsulated within the AVP.
> 
> DiameterIdentity is another perfect example. Since there aren't sub-types being
> defined, I added it to section 2, which is rather odd.
> 
> > 
> > Currently, we have implemented something similar in XML, anthough Mark has 
> > done MUCH more work than we have on formalizing the types.
> > 
> > So, I guess my vote is that it is a dictionary issue.  Although, that does 
> > *not* imply that it cannot be formalized.  Just that it should not be 
> > formalized in the core documents. 
> 
> I think that it would make much more sense for the author of an application to
> define in the specification any sub-types, as opposed to let the creators of
> the dictionaries assume the sub-type.
> 
> PatC
> 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 18:59:33 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Server Discovery
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It seems this one fell through the crack :(

Issue nn: Server Discovery Text to change
Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
Date first submitted: 2001-06-05 
Reference: 
Document: Base 
Comment type: C 
Priority: 1 
Section: 2.6
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

At the Interim Meeting, Bernard stated that we should adopt the
procedures described in draft-ietf-sip-srv-02.txt. 

Requested change: 

I am not sure what Bernard had in mind. Should we replace the whole
section, including the proposal to use SLPv2, and just use the DNS SRV
proposed in the above draft, or just replace the one section that deals
with DNS SRVs?



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 19:20:02 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 24: Transport Selection
Message-ID: <20010605160936.O12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

This one was previously owned by Bernard, but we have no issue on it, so I've taken it
over, below, and am proposing text to close this one.

PatC
----
Issue 24: Transport Selection 
Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
Date first submitted: 2001-06-05 
Reference: 
Document: Base 
Comment type: C 
Priority: 1 
Section: 2.1 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

At the Interim Meeting, Bernard stated that the base protocol should 
describe how to connect to a peer in the case where more than one 
transport is available, or the transport wasn't specified. 

Requested change: 

Add the following text to the end of section 2.1: 
    When connecting to a peer, and either zero or more transports are 
    specified, SCTP SHOULD be tried first (if supported), followed by TCP.
    Diameter implementations SHOULD be able to interpret explicit network 
    notifications (such as ICMP messages) which indicate that a server is 
    not reachable, rather than relying solely on timeouts (e.g. connect() 
    returns ECONNREFUSED if the client could not connect to a server at 
    that address). 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 19:22:36 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 16:12:06 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 56: Flag bit for start of conversation
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All,

I'd like to propose that this issue can be rejected. The Destination-Host AVP
is used to determine whether a message has a fixed destination or not, so no
additional protocol changes are required to support Bernard's requirements.

Any objections?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 19:28:48 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 16:18:16 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 20: How to handle no common extensions
Message-ID: <20010605161816.Q12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

This one was previously owned by Paul, but we have no issue on it, so I've taken it
over, below, and am proposing text to close this one.

PatC
----
Issue 20: How to handle no common extensions
Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
Date first submitted: 2001-06-05 
Reference: 
Document: Base 
Comment type: C 
Priority: 1 
Section: 2.1 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

At the Interim meeting there were discussions on how to handle the 
case where two peers connect, and realize that they have no common
applications (was extensions). My take on this is that they should
disconnect, since there will not be any further protocol exchanges,
but Paul preferred that they stay in communication.


Requested change: 

None. Section 6.0 in the -06 draft currently states:

"   A receiver of a Capabilities-Exchange-Req message which does not have any
    applications in common with the sender MUST return a
    Capabilities-Exchange-Answer with the Result-Code AVP set to
    DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_APPLICATION, and SHOULD disconnect the transport layer
    connection."


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 19:57:11 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 16:44:54 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
Message-ID: <20010605164453.R12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

This one was previously owned by Bernard, but we have no issue on it, so I've taken it
over, below, and am proposing text to close this one.

PatC
----
Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs 
Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
Date first submitted: 2001-06-05 
Reference: 
Document: nasreq 
Comment type: C 
Priority: 1 
Section: 7.2.5 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

At the Interim Meeting, Bernard stated that two RADIUS ipv6 
attributes were missing from the NASREQ application, specifically 
the Framed-Interface-Id, and the Framed-IPv6-Prefix. 

Proposed Text: 

7.2.5.4 Framed-Interface-Id AVP 

    The Framed-Interface-Id AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned64 and 
    contains the IPv6 interface identifier to be configured for the user. 
    It MAY be used in authorization requests as a hint to the server that 
    a specific interface id is desired, but the server is not required to 
    honor the hint in the corresponding response. 


7.2.5.5 Framed-IPv6-Prefix AVP 

    The Framed-Interface-Id AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Address and 
    contains the IPv6 prefix to be configured for the user. It MAY be 
    used in authorization requests as a hint to the server that a 
    specific interface id is desired, but the server is not required to 
    honor the hint in the corresponding response. 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 20:10:45 2001
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Date: Wed, 06 Jun 2001 02:09:53 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: More comments on base draft 05
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Hi,

Me again... I have some more :-)

==========

What about having a bit in the header flags to indicate that this message 
should not be proxied, but only handled locally? This would enable a 
relay/proxy to recognize messages it doesn't know about that it's supposed 
to handle (and complain about it?).

[I'm really in favor of having relays be able to do as much as possible 
while knowing as little as possible about the specifics of any application, 
command, or AVP].

==========

For answers, since in most cases (other than the (in-)famous MRA) the 
command code is the same as the request, we have a bit to distinguish 
requests from answers, and the result-code is mandatory, why not simply put 
the result-code in the command code field?
The distinction between protocol and application errors could then be done 
either based on the result-code (protocol errors are in the 3xxx range) or 
using the proxy/local flag above...

==========

Regarding loop detection, I think the text should specify exactly how host 
matching is done: based on host descriptor (text), name+port, IP+port, any 
of the above...

==========

Back on the routing of answers: if one admits we forget about 
Destination-Host to make sure the answers travels the same path back, 
should a proxy use the route-record AVP, or send it back on the same 
connection it received the request on (and which it saved in the 
transaction state table, or in Proxy-State AVPs)?
If route-record, then it should be checked on receipt that it matches where 
the message was received from?
Alternatively, it could be decided that the route-record AVP is added upon 
_receipt_ of a message, not when forwarding it. Which elimites the need for 
a NAS to insert it.

=========

I have only glanced at the NASREQ & Mobile-IP applications, but I really 
wonder why there is any need for separate Auth Request commands? I think 
the protocol should be streamlined as much as possible by limiting the 
number of commands (in too classes: those that are used for local hop 
interactions: Capability Exchange, Device Watchdog...; and those that are 
used for end-to-end requests: Auth req, Acct start, Acct stop...; the 
difference being made with the flag mentionned earlier). The difference 
between different types of auth requests would then be indicated by an 
application Id in the command header (which is way more efficient than a 
Auth/Acct-Application-Id that is mandatory anyway).

Having standard auth and acct commands also permits relays to make the 
difference between auth and acct commands for routing purposes (when a 
downstream server advertises Auth capability and another Acct capability 
for a given Application Id), without having to check 
Auth/Acct-Application-Id presence which have complex rules that are not 
stated anywhere (only one of them should be present, obviously).

========

Some minor nit-picking:
- in 6.0, Device Reboot should be changed to whatever is the new name of 
those messages
- in 6.0 first paragraph, there is a "first", but no "next" or "then" or 
"second"...
- in 6.1, "Relay and redirect agents MUST advertise the *Relay* application..."
- in the same paragraph, Device Reboot again
- in the next paragraph, it should be upstream, not downstream.
- in 7.2, the RTT/RTO stuff isn't used anymore?
(didn't go through all the state machine, but there are plenty of DRIs and 
such in there)

========

In 9.0, what happens if there is no alternate to send the request to? 
Should the MRA be forwarded upstream? As-is? With stuff changed 
(Origin-Host, Hop-by-hop, End-to-End Ids...)?

========

In 9.0, in the result-code AVPs that require Failed-AVPs, need a 
clarification whether this is done only by the home server, or by any 
proxy/relay on the way

========

In 9.0 still, what about errors regarding invalid length (packet or AVP)? 
Especially for AVPs, since it will be difficult to include a correctly 
formatted AVP if length is wrong anyway?

========

Which raises another question: what about a Grouped AVP with M not set 
containing AVPs with M set? Yes I know I have silly questions.

========

In 5.3.2/9.1:

Unless I'm blind (which could be true), DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION is not 
defined.

========

In 9.1.3:
- as stated above, a separate class for protocol errors is redundant with 
the use of MRA.
- what's the difference between UNABLE_TO_DELIVER and NOT_SERVED? i.e. in 
which case is which sent?
- any specific messages for DNS errors (transient such as timeouts, or 
permanent such as NXDOMAIN)?

========

In 9.1.4/9.1.5:
- should AUTHENTICATION_REJECTED and USER_UNKNOWN really be different? I 
guess that's the usual tradeoff security (having only one prevents an 
attacker to find active accounts on which to focus) against 
user-friendliness...
- the difference between AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED and AUTHORIZATION_FAILED 
is, er, unclear.
- NO_COMMON_APPLICATION and UNSUPPORTED_VERSION would be better off in 
Protocol errors?
- missing errors for message or AVP length errors

=======

In 10.0 third paragraph, "If the server does not receive another 
authorization request before the timeout occurs", I guess some leeway for 
transmission and processing delays would be a good thing :-) The other 
option is to use Authorization-Lifetime only as a "Reauth timer", and 
Session-Timeout as the max length after which the user is to be 
disconnected and forgotten (and even then, keeping state a tad more to 
match the accounting stop info that is supposed to arrive would still be a 
good idea).

=======

In 10.3 second paragraph, an example of a reason to have multiple 
Session-IDs in the same message would be good.

=======

In 10.7, the STR should be sent along the same path as previous requests, 
not directly to the server (by using Origin-Host of the auth answer as 
Destination-Host), for proxies along the way to be able to update state.

More generally, again, I really find the Destination-Host AVP very annoying 
and probably not very useful, except for unsollicited requests from the 
server to the client, and even in those cases, something should be done to 
make sure proxies along the way are aware of what's going on. The other use 
would be to make sure the STR goes to the same server that authorized the 
connection, but it should apply to all intermediate proxies/relays too, so 
it should be based on some other mechanism.

Anyway, in many cases it simply won't be possible to use Destination-Host 
because of the lack of security associations between the two endpoints...

=======

In 12.3, still a -Ind command.

=======

Isn't there some redundancy between STR and an Accounting-Request with 
type=STOP?

=======

15.1.2 is not up to date (bit numbers)

15.4 does not include protocol errors

=======

I guess that's it for the second round... Again, my apologies if any of 
anything has already been discussed, is already a known issue, or is not 
relevant, just tell me which ones would be in that case, so I can fill in 
formal issue templates for the others.

Thanks,

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 20:16:27 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 17:05:41 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Cc: aboba@internaut.com
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 42: Session-Timeout inconsistent with RADIUS spec
Message-ID: <20010605170541.S12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

This one was previously owned by Bernard, but we have no issue on it, so I've taken it
over, below, have questions on what exactly the problem is.

PatC
----
Issue 42: Session-Timeout inconsistent with RADIUS spec 
Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
Date first submitted: 2001-06-05 
Reference: 
Document: NASREQ 
Comment type: C 
Priority: 1 
Section: 3.1.2 and 4.2.2 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

At the Interim Meeting, Bernard stated that the use of Session-Timeout 
in Diameter was inconsistent with RADIUS (RFC 2865). The only difference 
that I can see is that in RADIUS, the Session-Timeout can be used in 
an access-challenge (presumably to limit the amount of time a user can 
respond). If this is the only change required, then the NASREQ AAA and 
DEA commands would have to be updated. 

Any other inconsistencies? 


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 20:22:34 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 17:12:08 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
Message-ID: <20010605171208.T12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

I am going through my notes, and I cannot figure out what this issue was
all about. Since it was assigned to Paul, and I have yet to receive any
text from Paul, I assume that either he also doesn't remember, or it
wasn't that important.

Does anyone else that was at the interim meeting recall what Issue 37 was
all about?

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Tue Jun  5 23:58:03 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Reply-To: mankin@isi.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 24: Transport Selection 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 05 Jun 2001 16:09:37 -0700.
             <20010605160936.O12278@charizard.diameter.org> 
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Pat,

> 
> At the Interim Meeting, Bernard stated that the base protocol should 
> describe how to connect to a peer in the case where more than one 
> transport is available, or the transport wasn't specified. 
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> Add the following text to the end of section 2.1: 
>     When connecting to a peer, and either zero or more transports are 
>     specified, SCTP SHOULD be tried first (if supported), followed by TCP.

It'd be useful also to point to the sections showing SRV and URI
use for transport selection.

>     Diameter implementations SHOULD be able to interpret explicit network 
>     notifications (such as ICMP messages) which indicate that a server is 
>     not reachable, rather than relying solely on timeouts (e.g. connect() 
>     returns ECONNREFUSED if the client could not connect to a server at 
>     that address). 


About ICMP unreachables - destination and host unreachables shouldn't
be fed by TCP or SCTP to the application (the reliable transport
treats them as probably transient, e.g. a route flap).  The
ECONNREFUSED example needs a little more precision too, imo.

The text could be more like:

 Diameter implementations SHOULD be
 able to interpret ICMP protocol and port unreachable messages as
 explicit indications that the server is not reachable, in addition
 to interpreting ECONNREFUSED (a reset from the transport)
 and timed-out connection attempts.


Allison



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 02:54:20 2001
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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2001 23:43:47 -0700 (PDT)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
In-Reply-To: <20010605164453.R12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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Actually, I think there are two more missing: Framed-IPv6-Pool and
Framed-Ipv6-Route. I'll have updated text for these later this week. 

On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> All,
> 
> This one was previously owned by Bernard, but we have no issue on it, so I've taken it
> over, below, and am proposing text to close this one.
> 
> PatC
> ----
> Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs 
> Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
> Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
> Date first submitted: 2001-06-05 
> Reference: 
> Document: nasreq 
> Comment type: C 
> Priority: 1 
> Section: 7.2.5 
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> At the Interim Meeting, Bernard stated that two RADIUS ipv6 
> attributes were missing from the NASREQ application, specifically 
> the Framed-Interface-Id, and the Framed-IPv6-Prefix. 
> 
> Proposed Text: 
> 
> 7.2.5.4 Framed-Interface-Id AVP 
> 
>     The Framed-Interface-Id AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned64 and 
>     contains the IPv6 interface identifier to be configured for the user. 
>     It MAY be used in authorization requests as a hint to the server that 
>     a specific interface id is desired, but the server is not required to 
>     honor the hint in the corresponding response. 
> 
> 
> 7.2.5.5 Framed-IPv6-Prefix AVP 
> 
>     The Framed-Interface-Id AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Address and 
>     contains the IPv6 prefix to be configured for the user. It MAY be 
>     used in authorization requests as a hint to the server that a 
>     specific interface id is desired, but the server is not required to 
>     honor the hint in the corresponding response. 
> 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 02:56:04 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Server Discovery
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I don't think we have to remove SLP support. The text in the SIP-SRV draft
specifies how SRV and A records are used in a very detailed way that would
be helpful (for example, how caching is done, etc.). I sent along some
text that could be gleaned from it that I thought would be useful to
insert. 

On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> It seems this one fell through the crack :(
> 
> Issue nn: Server Discovery Text to change
> Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
> Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
> Date first submitted: 2001-06-05 
> Reference: 
> Document: Base 
> Comment type: C 
> Priority: 1 
> Section: 2.6
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> At the Interim Meeting, Bernard stated that we should adopt the
> procedures described in draft-ietf-sip-srv-02.txt. 
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> I am not sure what Bernard had in mind. Should we replace the whole
> section, including the proposal to use SLPv2, and just use the DNS SRV
> proposed in the above draft, or just replace the one section that deals
> with DNS SRVs?
> 
> 



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 03:32:25 2001
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From: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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I have a number of editorial comments which I am finally getting a around to
documenting.  See below.

Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> Below is the new text for section 9, which attempts to address the issues
> mentioned above. I would appreciate some feedback from folks on whether the
> text is consistent with their understanding of the outcome of the Interim
> meeting.
> 
> Actual fixes:
> 
> Issue 13: DSI is removed, and a new answer only message is used to report
> protocol errors. Protocol errors MAY be treated at each hop. The DSI-Events
> are moved to a new class within the Result-Code AVP.
> 
> Issue 18: Error-Reporting-FQDN was a dup of Origin-FQDN, and therefore MUST
> only be included if a host is changing the result-code AVP, and is not the
> one whose identity is in the Origin-FQDN.
> 
> Issue 30: Failed-AVP should be a grouped AVP, and include the offending AVP
> in it's group.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> PatC
> ----
> 9.0  Error Handling
>... 
> 
> 9.1.3  Protocol Errors
>... 
> 
>       DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY                  3005
>          When returned, a Diameter node SHOULD attempt to sent the
                                                            ^^^^
                                                            send
>          message to an alternate peer.
>... 
> 
> 9.1.5  Permanent Failures
>... 
>
>       DIAMETER_MISSING_AVP               5006
>          The request did not contain an AVP that is required by the
> 
> Calhoun et al.            expires October 2001                 [Page 45]
> 
> Internet-Draft                                                  May 2001
> 
>          Command Code definition. If this value is sent in the Result-
>          Code AVP, a Failed-AVP AVP SHOULD be included in the message.
>          The data portion of the Failed-AVP MUST contain an AVP header
>          containing the AVP Code and vendor-Id.

Actually the Failed-AVP AVP MUST contain an example of the missing AVP
complete with the Vendor-Id if applicable.  The value field of the missing
AVP should be of correct minimum length and contain zeroes.

>... 
> 
>       DIAMETER_AVP_NOT_ALLOWED           5009
>          A message was received with an AVP that MUST NOT be present.
>          The Failed-AVP AVP MUST be included and contain the AVP Code of
>          the offending AVP.

The Failed-AVP AVP MUST be included and contain a copy of the offending AVP.

> 
>       DIAMETER_AVP_OCCURS_TOO_MANY_TIMES 5010
>          A message was received that included an AVP that appeared more
>          often than permitted in the message definition. The Failed-AVP
>          AVP MUST be included and contain the AVP Code of the offending
>          AVP.

The Failed-AVP AVP MUST be included and contain a copy of the first instance
of the offending AVP that exceeded the maximum number of occurrences
allowed.

> 
>       DIAMETER_VENDOR_ID_UNSUPPORTED     5011
>          The Home Diameter server has detected vendor-specific AVPs in
>          the message, and the vendor dictionary is not supported. One or
>          more Failed-AVP MUST be present, containing the offending AVPs.

I thought this was only an error if the offending AVPs had the M bit set. 
Otherwise the receiving server should just ignore the offending AVPs.

>...
> 
> 9.4  Error-Reporting-Host AVP
> 
>    The Error-Reporting-Host AVP (AVP Code 294) is of type OctetString,
>    encoded in the UTF-8 [24] format, according to the Diameter identity
>    rules defined in section 2.6.  This AVP contains the identity of the
>    Diameter host that set the Result-Code AVP to a value other than 2001
>    (Success), only if the host setting the Result-Code is different from
>    the one encoded in the Origin-Host AVP. This AVP is intended to be
>    used for troubleshooting purposes, and MUST be set when the Result-
                                                    ^^^
                                                    sent

>    Code AVP indicates a failure.
>... 

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 03:32:40 2001
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To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
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Please note the editorial change offered below.

Paul Funk wrote:
> 
> Submitter name: Paul Funk
> Submitter email address: paul@funk.com
> Date first submitted: May, 20001
> Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00135.html
> Document: Base
> Comment Type: Technical
> Priority: 1 or 2 (?)
> Section: Somewhere in section 6
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> Servers need to know if a NAS has rebooted, to be able to
> clean up state. A new connection is not necessarily and
> indication of reboot, since it could be a reconnect after a
> connection was broken.
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> The interim group felt that, of the three proposals in the foot-fetish
> thread, Paul's and Pat's should be adopted. Briefly, a Boot-Id is passed
> in DRI to allow a server to determine when a peer has rebooted, and
> Boot-Id is also passed in other messages, to allow downstream
> servers more than one hop away to glean this information.
> 
> Randy suggested that the name of the AVP be changed from Boot-Id to
> State-Id, since a server may retain state across reboots. Therefore,
> a new id is really indicative of fresh state. I suggest we in fact
> call it Origin-State-Id, to emphasize its relationship to Origin-FQDN.
> 
> Origin-State-Id will have to be added to the ABNF for DRI as well as all
> other messages, as an optional AVP.
> 
> Suggested language:
> 
> [add the following somewhere in the DRI section:]
> 
> Origin-State-Id AVP
> 
> The Origin-State-Id AVP (AVP Code ?), of type Unsigned32, is a
> monotonically increasing value that is advanced whenever a Diameter
> entity restarts with loss of previous state, for example upon reboot.
> Origin-State-Id MAY be included in any Diameter message, including
> DRI.
> 
> A Diameter entity issuing this AVP MUST create a higher value for
> this AVP each time its state is reset. A Diameter entity MAY set
> Origin-State-Id to the time of startup, or it MAY use an incrementing
> counter retained in non-volatile memory across restarts.
> 
> The Origin-State-Id, if present, MUST reflect the state of the
> entity indicated by Origin-FQDN. If a proxy modifies Origin-FQDN,
> it MUST either remove Origin-State-Id or modify it appropriately as
> well.
> 
> Typically, Origin-State-Id is used by an access device that always
> starts up with no active sessions; that is, any session active prior
> to restart will have been been lost. By including Origin-State-Id in
> a message, it allows other Diameter entities to infer that sessions
> associated with a lower Origin-State-Id are no longer active. If an
> access device does not intend for such inferences to be made, it
> MUST either not include Origin-FQDN in any message, or set its value
                          ^^^^^^^^^^^
==========>               Origin-State-Id

> to 0.
> 
> [add the following to the Session Termination section:]
> 
> 10.10 Inferring Session Termination from Origin-State-Id
> 
> Origin-State-Id is used to allow rapid detection of terminated
> sessions for which no STR would have been issued, due to unanticipated
> shutdown of an access device.
> 
> By including Origin-State-Id in DRI messages, an access device allows
> a next-hop server to determine immediately upon connection whether the
> device has lost its sessions since the last connection.
> 
> By including Origin-State-Id in request messages, an access device
> also allows a server with which it communicates via proxy to make
> such a determination. However, a server that is not directly connected
> with the access device will not discover that the access device has
> been restarted unless and until it receives a new request from the
> access device. Thus, use of this mechanism across proxies is
> opportunistic rather than reliable, but useful nonetheless.
> 
> When a Diameter server receives a Origin-State-Id that is greater
> than the Origin-State-Id previously received from the same issuer,
> it may assume that the issuer has lost state since the previous
> message and that all sessions that were active under the lower
> Origin-State-Id have been terminated. The Diameter server MAY clean
> up all session state associated with such lost sessions, and MAY also
> issues STRs for all such lost sessions that were authorized on
> downstream servers, to allow session state to be cleaned up globally.
> 
> Paul
> 
> Paul Funk
> Funk Software, Inc.
> 617 497-6339
> paul@funk.com

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 05:04:20 2001
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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue #51: EAP Roundtrips
Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2001 12:03:43 +0300 
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> From: ext Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]

> I'd like to get some discussion started on issue 51. My 
> interpretation of Bernard's
> comments on this particular issues, which may be found at 
> http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00340.html
> is that this isn't
> something that we can really fix in Diameter.

I agree with Bernard's comments -- there are murky areas
in the Radius extensions document (RFC 2869), and 
ambiguities in the EAP specification (RFC 2284).

#51 is trying to address one specific problem: EAP-Success
cannot contain any data, and even if it could, it is never
re-transmitted so problems would arise if it was lost.
So we need to transmit all data to the client in EAP-Requests,
which quite often results in an unnecessary NAS-AAA-NAS roundtrip.
I still believe that the message sequences in my e-mail
available at the URL below would be feasible in Diameter.
This wouldn't fix all the issues Bernard identified, but
this would save a roundtrip without requiring any changes 
to RFC 2284 or current PPP client implementations.

http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00347.html

Regards,
Henry


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 05:05:57 2001
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From: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
Organization: Oy L M Ericsson Ab
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 60: E2E cert names
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Pat Calhoun wrote:

> My understanding of the cert names was that by adding the -diameter in the
> cert name, it became obvious that this cert was useful ONLY for Diameter, not
> for anything else.

Yes. Well, to be exact, this is obvious only to humans with
a brain; not necessarily to mindless machines executing PKI
operations. For instance, a Netscape browser would propably
happily accept a name like foo-diameter@org.com since the
knowledge of the naming rules exists only within Diameter
implementations, not elsewhere. Therefore, what this spec
really means that is that a Diameter client doesn't by
accident accept the certificate of the ISP's web server
even if the web server and the AAA server use the same
CA. But a web client could accept the AAA server's
certificate.

I suppose the spec is fine; having a specific naming in the
certificates shouldn't be that much of an issue and it
does buy _some_ level of additional ease as the same CA
can be used for different purposes. The only drawback is
that in some cases additional certificates may have to
be manufactured for a node, for instance to support VPN
layer and application layer authentication, and Diameter.
However, since currently we don't have similar naming
constraints on other areas it could still be that e.g.
a SIP proxy would use a Diameter certificate with the
name "proxy-diameter@telco.com" in Diameter, IPsec, and
SIP layer operations.

Jari


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Server Discovery
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 11:45:33PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> I don't think we have to remove SLP support. The text in the SIP-SRV draft
> specifies how SRV and A records are used in a very detailed way that would
> be helpful (for example, how caching is done, etc.). I sent along some
> text that could be gleaned from it that I thought would be useful to
> insert. 

Good, that's my preference too. I will take care of this one today. 

Thanks,

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Allison Mankin <mankin@isi.edu>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 24: Transport Selection
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 11:58:10PM -0400, Allison Mankin wrote:
> The text could be more like:
> 
>  Diameter implementations SHOULD be
>  able to interpret ICMP protocol and port unreachable messages as
>  explicit indications that the server is not reachable, in addition
>  to interpreting ECONNREFUSED (a reset from the transport)
>  and timed-out connection attempts.

Great! Thanks for the text.

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 60: E2E cert names
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 12:05:59PM +0300, Jari Arkko wrote:
> Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > My understanding of the cert names was that by adding the -diameter in the
> > cert name, it became obvious that this cert was useful ONLY for Diameter, not
> > for anything else.
> 
> Yes. Well, to be exact, this is obvious only to humans with
> a brain; not necessarily to mindless machines executing PKI
> operations. For instance, a Netscape browser would propably
> happily accept a name like foo-diameter@org.com since the
> knowledge of the naming rules exists only within Diameter
> implementations, not elsewhere. Therefore, what this spec
> really means that is that a Diameter client doesn't by
> accident accept the certificate of the ISP's web server
> even if the web server and the AAA server use the same
> CA. But a web client could accept the AAA server's
> certificate.
> 
> I suppose the spec is fine; having a specific naming in the
> certificates shouldn't be that much of an issue and it
> does buy _some_ level of additional ease as the same CA
> can be used for different purposes. The only drawback is
> that in some cases additional certificates may have to
> be manufactured for a node, for instance to support VPN
> layer and application layer authentication, and Diameter.
> However, since currently we don't have similar naming
> constraints on other areas it could still be that e.g.
> a SIP proxy would use a Diameter certificate with the
> name "proxy-diameter@telco.com" in Diameter, IPsec, and
> SIP layer operations.
> 

Perhaps Stephen has a response to your comment...

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Proposed fixes for Issues 13, 18 and 30
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 02:59:32AM +0200, David Spence wrote:
> I have a number of editorial comments which I am finally getting a around to
> documenting.  See below.

Thanks for catching these errors. See below...

> >       DIAMETER_VENDOR_ID_UNSUPPORTED     5011
> >          The Home Diameter server has detected vendor-specific AVPs in
> >          the message, and the vendor dictionary is not supported. One or
> >          more Failed-AVP MUST be present, containing the offending AVPs.
> 
> I thought this was only an error if the offending AVPs had the M bit set. 
> Otherwise the receiving server should just ignore the offending AVPs.

hmmmm... I believe that you are correct, and this Result-Code is therefore 
no longer necessary.

PatC


From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 10:03:01 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 20: How to handle no common extensions
Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2001 16:03:56 +0200
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Perhaps it should be stated that a node that advertise a wildcard should
keep the connection.

/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu]On Behalf
>Of Pat Calhoun
>Sent: den 6 juni 2001 01:18
>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 20: How to handle no common extensions
>
>
>All,
>
>This one was previously owned by Paul, but we have no issue on it,
>so I've taken it
>over, below, and am proposing text to close this one.
>
>PatC
>----
>Issue 20: How to handle no common extensions
>Submitter name: Pat Calhoun
>Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org
>Date first submitted: 2001-06-05
>Reference:
>Document: Base
>Comment type: C
>Priority: 1
>Section: 2.1
>Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>
>At the Interim meeting there were discussions on how to handle the
>case where two peers connect, and realize that they have no common
>applications (was extensions). My take on this is that they should
>disconnect, since there will not be any further protocol exchanges,
>but Paul preferred that they stay in communication.
>
>
>Requested change:
>
>None. Section 6.0 in the -06 draft currently states:
>
>"   A receiver of a Capabilities-Exchange-Req message which does
>not have any
>    applications in common with the sender MUST return a
>    Capabilities-Exchange-Answer with the Result-Code AVP set to
>    DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_APPLICATION, and SHOULD disconnect the
>transport layer
>    connection."



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 10:06:11 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
Cc: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Boot-Id
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 05:23:35AM +0200, David Spence wrote:
> Please note the editorial change offered below.

I had already fixed this in -05 :)

PatC
> 
> Paul Funk wrote:
> > 
> > Submitter name: Paul Funk
> > Submitter email address: paul@funk.com
> > Date first submitted: May, 20001
> > Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/2001-05/msg00135.html
> > Document: Base
> > Comment Type: Technical
> > Priority: 1 or 2 (?)
> > Section: Somewhere in section 6
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > Servers need to know if a NAS has rebooted, to be able to
> > clean up state. A new connection is not necessarily and
> > indication of reboot, since it could be a reconnect after a
> > connection was broken.
> > 
> > Requested change:
> > 
> > The interim group felt that, of the three proposals in the foot-fetish
> > thread, Paul's and Pat's should be adopted. Briefly, a Boot-Id is passed
> > in DRI to allow a server to determine when a peer has rebooted, and
> > Boot-Id is also passed in other messages, to allow downstream
> > servers more than one hop away to glean this information.
> > 
> > Randy suggested that the name of the AVP be changed from Boot-Id to
> > State-Id, since a server may retain state across reboots. Therefore,
> > a new id is really indicative of fresh state. I suggest we in fact
> > call it Origin-State-Id, to emphasize its relationship to Origin-FQDN.
> > 
> > Origin-State-Id will have to be added to the ABNF for DRI as well as all
> > other messages, as an optional AVP.
> > 
> > Suggested language:
> > 
> > [add the following somewhere in the DRI section:]
> > 
> > Origin-State-Id AVP
> > 
> > The Origin-State-Id AVP (AVP Code ?), of type Unsigned32, is a
> > monotonically increasing value that is advanced whenever a Diameter
> > entity restarts with loss of previous state, for example upon reboot.
> > Origin-State-Id MAY be included in any Diameter message, including
> > DRI.
> > 
> > A Diameter entity issuing this AVP MUST create a higher value for
> > this AVP each time its state is reset. A Diameter entity MAY set
> > Origin-State-Id to the time of startup, or it MAY use an incrementing
> > counter retained in non-volatile memory across restarts.
> > 
> > The Origin-State-Id, if present, MUST reflect the state of the
> > entity indicated by Origin-FQDN. If a proxy modifies Origin-FQDN,
> > it MUST either remove Origin-State-Id or modify it appropriately as
> > well.
> > 
> > Typically, Origin-State-Id is used by an access device that always
> > starts up with no active sessions; that is, any session active prior
> > to restart will have been been lost. By including Origin-State-Id in
> > a message, it allows other Diameter entities to infer that sessions
> > associated with a lower Origin-State-Id are no longer active. If an
> > access device does not intend for such inferences to be made, it
> > MUST either not include Origin-FQDN in any message, or set its value
>                           ^^^^^^^^^^^
> ==========>               Origin-State-Id
> 
> > to 0.
> > 
> > [add the following to the Session Termination section:]
> > 
> > 10.10 Inferring Session Termination from Origin-State-Id
> > 
> > Origin-State-Id is used to allow rapid detection of terminated
> > sessions for which no STR would have been issued, due to unanticipated
> > shutdown of an access device.
> > 
> > By including Origin-State-Id in DRI messages, an access device allows
> > a next-hop server to determine immediately upon connection whether the
> > device has lost its sessions since the last connection.
> > 
> > By including Origin-State-Id in request messages, an access device
> > also allows a server with which it communicates via proxy to make
> > such a determination. However, a server that is not directly connected
> > with the access device will not discover that the access device has
> > been restarted unless and until it receives a new request from the
> > access device. Thus, use of this mechanism across proxies is
> > opportunistic rather than reliable, but useful nonetheless.
> > 
> > When a Diameter server receives a Origin-State-Id that is greater
> > than the Origin-State-Id previously received from the same issuer,
> > it may assume that the issuer has lost state since the previous
> > message and that all sessions that were active under the lower
> > Origin-State-Id have been terminated. The Diameter server MAY clean
> > up all session state associated with such lost sessions, and MAY also
> > issues STRs for all such lost sessions that were authorized on
> > downstream servers, to allow session state to be cleaned up globally.
> > 
> > Paul
> > 
> > Paul Funk
> > Funk Software, Inc.
> > 617 497-6339
> > paul@funk.com
> 
> -- 
> David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
> Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
> 775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
> Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
> U.S.A.
> 


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Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2001 10:39:47 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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Brian, 

> Looks good so far.  My only recommendation is non-technical
> -> call the Win/Lose Election events something more in line
> with their description, something like "Existing-Conn-Win"
> and "New-Conn-Win", maybe?

I changed it to be Peer-Wins and Local-Wins and changed the
description wording.  In changing that, I found that I had a
part of the election process backwards.  The diffs between my
original proposal and the corrected one summarize the entire
process and are listed below.  Could you give your O.K. on
those?

I have included the changed text below the diffs.

-mark

--- 1,3 ----
***************
*** 88,96 ****
        I-Wait-Lock      Locked           Elect            I-Wait-Returns
  
        I-Wait-Returns   No-Contest       Elect-Unlock     Open
!                        Win-Election     Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                          R-Disc           
!                        Lose-Election    Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                          I-Disc           
  
        R-Wait-DRR       Rcv-DRR          Elect-Lock,      R-Wait-Lock
--- 63,71 ----
        I-Wait-Lock      Locked           Elect            I-Wait-Returns
  
        I-Wait-Returns   No-Contest       Elect-Unlock     Open
!                        Local-Wins       Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                          R-Disc           
!                        Peer-Wins        Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                          I-Disc           
  
        R-Wait-DRR       Rcv-DRR          Elect-Lock,      R-Wait-Lock
***************
*** 100,109 ****
        R-Wait-Lock      Locked           Elect            R-Wait-Returns
  
        R-Wait-Returns   No-Contest       Elect-Unlock     Open
!                        Win-Election     Snd-DRA/         Open
                                          Elect-Unlock/
                                          I-Disc           
!                        Lose-Election    Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                          Snd-DRA-Exist
                         Not-Allowed      Elect-Unlock/    Closed
                                          Snd-DRA-Fail
--- 75,84 ----
        R-Wait-Lock      Locked           Elect            R-Wait-Returns
  
        R-Wait-Returns   No-Contest       Elect-Unlock     Open
!                        Peer-Wins        Snd-DRA/         Open
                                          Elect-Unlock/
                                          I-Disc           
!                        Local-Wins       Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                          Snd-DRA-Exist
                         Not-Allowed      Elect-Unlock/    Closed
                                          Snd-DRA-Fail
***************
*** 184,194 ****
        No-Contest     An election was held, and there was only one
                       connection to this peer.
  
!       Win-Election   An election was held, and the new connection to
!                      the peer was the winner.
  
!       Lose-Election  An election was held, and the existing connection to
!                      the peer was the winner.
  
        Not-Allowed    Before the election was held, it was determined that
                       the peer was not allowed.
--- 159,169 ----
        No-Contest     An election was held, and there was only one
                       connection to this peer.
  
!       Local-Wins     An election was held, and the connection initiated 
!                      locally wins.
  
!       Peer-Wins      An election was held, and the connection initiated by
! 		     the peer wins.
  
        Not-Allowed    Before the election was held, it was determined that
                       the peer was not allowed.
***************
*** 289,295 ****
     shorter OctetString to be null-padded to the length of the longer,
     then performing an octet by octet unsigned comparison with the
     first octet being most significant.  If the peer is the victor, 
!    Lose-Election is returned otherwise Win-Election is returned.
  
  8.5 Most Common State Transitions
  
--- 264,270 ----
     shorter OctetString to be null-padded to the length of the longer,
     then performing an octet by octet unsigned comparison with the
     first octet being most significant.  If the peer is the victor, 
!    Peer-Wins is returned otherwise Local-Wins is returned.
  
  8.5 Most Common State Transitions


******************* New Proposed Text *******************

                             
8.0  Peer State Machine

   This section contains a finite state machine, that MUST be observed
   by all Diameter implementations. Each Diameter node MUST follow the
   state machine described below when communicating with each peer.
   Multiple actions are separated by commas, and may continue on
   succeeding lines as space requires. Similarly, state and next state
   may also span multiple lines as space requires.

   There may be at most one transport connection between any two peers
   over which Diameter messages may be passed. This state machine is
   intended to handle both the simple case, in which one peer initiates
   a connection to the other, and the complex case, in which each peer
   simultaneously initiates a connection to the other. In the complex
   case, an election occurs to determine which transport connection will
   survive.

   I- is used to represent the initiator (connecting) connection, while
   the R- is used to represent the responder (listening) connection. The
   lack of a prefix indicates that the event or action is the same
   regardless of the connection on which the event occurred.

   The stable states that a state machine may be in are Closed, and
   Open; all other states are intermediate.

   The DRR is always sent by the initiator immediately after a
   connection establishment.  After the election, the responder sends
   a DRA.  This DRA will contain either a Result-Code AVP of
   DIAMETER_SUCCESS, DIAMETER_SESSION_DENIED or
   DIAMETER_SESSION_EXISTS.  If the result is DIAMETER_SESSION_DENIED
   or DIAMETER_SESSION_EXISTS, the receiver of the DRA MUST close the
   connection.

   Since the identity of the peer is not known until either a DRR
   or DRA is received, it is possible for two connections to be briefly
   established.  This is why there is an election process for both
   the initiator and the responder.  This also means that each program
   may only have one election at a time.  This is the reason for the
   *-Wait-Lock state.

   The state machine constrains only the behavior of a Diameter
   implementation as seen by Diameter peers through events on the wire.
   Any implementation that produces equivalent results is considered
   compliant.


      state            event              action         next state
      -----------------------------------------------------------------
      Closed           Start            Snd-Conn-Req     I-Wait-Conn-Ack
                       Rcv-Conn-Req     Snd-Conn-Ack     R-Wait-DRR

      I-Wait-Conn-Ack  Rcv-Conn-Ack     Snd-DRR          I-Wait-DRA
                       Rcv-Conn-Nack    Cleanup          Closed
                       Timeout          Error            Closed

      I-Wait-DRA       Rcv-DRA          Elect-Lock       I-Wait-Lock
                       Rcv-DRA-Exist    I-Disc           Open
                       Rcv-DRA-Fail     I-Disc           Closed
                       Peer-Disc        Error            Closed
                       Timeout          Error            Closed

      I-Wait-Lock      Locked           Elect            I-Wait-Returns

      I-Wait-Returns   No-Contest       Elect-Unlock     Open
                       Local-Wins       Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                        R-Disc           
                       Peer-Wins        Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                        I-Disc           

      R-Wait-DRR       Rcv-DRR          Elect-Lock,      R-Wait-Lock
                       Timeout          Error            Closed
                       Rcv-Conn-Disc    Error            Closed

      R-Wait-Lock      Locked           Elect            R-Wait-Returns

      R-Wait-Returns   No-Contest       Elect-Unlock     Open
                       Peer-Wins        Snd-DRA/         Open
                                        Elect-Unlock/
                                        I-Disc           
                       Local-Wins       Elect-Unlock/    Open
                                        Snd-DRA-Exist
                       Not-Allowed      Elect-Unlock/    Closed
                                        Snd-DRA-Fail

      Open             Send-Message     Snd-Non-DRI      Open
                       Rcv-Non-DRI      Process          Open
                       WatchDog-Timer   Snd-DWR          Open
                       Rcv-DWA          Process-DWA      Open
                       Stop             Disc             Closed
                       Peer-Disc        Disc             Closed
                       Rcv-DRR          Error            Closed

8.1  States

   Following is a more detailed description of each automaton state.

      Closed         A peer is initially in the closed state, and no
                     transport connection exists with the peer.

      I-Wait-Conn-Ack
                     A transport connection has been initiated with the
                     peer, and an acknowledgment is pending.

      I-Wait-DRA     The local Diameter node is waiting for the peer to
                     issue a DRA.

      I-Wait-Lock    The initiator is waiting for an election lock.

      I-Wait-Returns The initiator is waiting on the results of the 
                     election returns.

      R-Wait-DRR     A transport connection indication has been received
                     from the peer, and a DRR has yet to be received by
                     the peer.

      R-Wait-Lock    The responder is waiting for an election lock.     

      R-Wait-Returns The responder is waiting on the results of the
                     election returns.

      Open           The peer connection is open.


8.2  Events

   Transitions and actions in the automaton are caused by events.

      Start          The Diameter application has signaled that a
                     connection should be initiated with the peer.

      Rcv-Conn-Req   A transport connection indication from the peer has
                     been received.

      Rcv-Conn-Ack   A positive acknowledgment was received to a
                     locally initiated transport connection.

      Rcv-Conn-Nack  A negative acknowledgment was received to a
                     locally initiated transport connection.

      Timeout        An application-defined timer has expired while
                     waiting for some event.

      Rcv-DRA        A DRA message from the peer was received.

      Rcv-DRA-Exist  A DRA failure of DIAMETER_SESSION_EXISTS was
                     received.

      Rcv-DRA-Fail   A DRA failure of DIAMETER_SESSION_DENIED was
                     received.

      Rcv-DRR        A DRR message from the peer was received.

      Peer-Disc      A disconnection indication from the peer was
                     received.

      Locked         The election locking mechanism succeeded.

      No-Contest     An election was held, and there was only one
                     connection to this peer.

      Local-Wins     An election was held, and the connection initiated 
                     locally wins.

      Peer-Wins      An election was held, and the connection initiated by
		     the peer wins.

      Not-Allowed    Before the election was held, it was determined that
                     the peer was not allowed.

      Send-Message   A Non-DRI message is to be sent.

      Rcv-Non-DRI    A Non-DRI message was received.

      WatchDog-Timer The Watchdog timer expired, indicating that a DWR
                     message is to be sent to the peer.

      Rcv-DWA        A DWA message was received.

      Stop           The Diameter application has signaled that a
                     connection should be terminated (e.g., on system
                     shutdown).


8.3  Actions

   Actions in the automaton are caused by events and typically indicate
   the transmission of packets and/or an action to be taken on the
   connection.

      Snd-Conn-Req   A transport connection is initiated with the peer.

      Snd-Conn-Ack   an acknowledgment is sent in response to a connect
                     request, confirming that the transport layer
                     connection is open.

      Snd-Conn-Nack  A negative acknowledgment is sent in response to a
                     connect request, indicating that the request was
                     refused.

      Snd-DRR        A DRR message is sent to the peer.

      Snd-DRA        A DRA message is sent to the peer.

      Cleanup        If necessary, the connection is shutdown, and any
                     local resources are freed.

      Error          The transport layer connection is disconnected,
                     either politely or abortively, in response to an
                     error condition. Local resources are freed.

      Process-DRI    A received DRI is processed.

      Disc           The transport layer connection is disconnected, and
                     local resources are freed.

      I-Disc         When two connections exist to the same peer, disconnect
                     the connection to the initiator.

      R-Disc         When two connections exist to the same peer, disconnect
                     the transport connection of the responder.

      Elect          An election occurs (see Section 8.4 for more
                     information).

      Elect-Lock     Block any other elections from happening.  If the
                     election can happen in multiple threads, some form
                     of locking is needed.  If it can only happen in one
                     thread, no action is needed.

      Elect-Unlock   If election can happen in multiple threads, the
                     remove the lock gotten from Elect-Lock.

      Error          Report an error and do cleanup.

      Snd-DRA        Send a DRA with a Result-Code AVP of DIAMETER_SUCCESS.

      Snd-DRA-Exist  Send a DRA with a Result-Code AVP of 
                     DIAMETER_SESSION_EXISTS.

      Snd-DRA-Fail   Send a DRA with a Result-Code AVP of
                     DIAMETER_SESSION_DENIED.

      Snd-Non-DRI    A non-DRI message is sent.

      Snd-DWR        A DWR message is sent.

      Process-DWA    The DWA message is serviced.

      Process        A non-DRI Diameter message is serviced.


8.4  The Election Process

   The election is performed after receipt of either a DRR or a DRA.
   If this is the receipt of a DRR and the peer is not allowed to
   connect, a result of Not-Allowed is returned.  If the Origin-FQDN
   received in the DRR/DRA is not a peer that already has an open
   connection, No-Contest is returned.  Otherwise, there is a
   comparison of the the Origin-FQDN sent by its peer with its own
   Origin-FQDN (which it may or may not have actually sent). The
   transport layer connection with the higher value of Origin-FQDN is
   the one that survives. The comparison proceeds by considering the
   shorter OctetString to be null-padded to the length of the longer,
   then performing an octet by octet unsigned comparison with the
   first octet being most significant.  If the peer is the victor, 
   Peer-Wins is returned otherwise Local-Wins is returned.

8.5 Most Common State Transitions

   Below is a drawing of the most common state transitions where
   either a connection initiated (left) or requested (right) and
   the connection is made with no problems.  States are boxed.
   Events are plain text.  Actions are in parenthesis.  All states
   are shown in this drawing but several events not show.

                        +------+         
                        |Closed|         
                        +------+         
                          |  |                           
              +-----------+  +-----------+
              |                          |
            Start                   Rcv-Conn-Req
              |                          |
        (Snd-Conn-Req)             (Snd-Conn-Ack)
              |                          |
      +---------------+                  |
      |I-Wait-Conn-Ack|                  |
      +---------------+                  |
              |                          |
         Rec-Conn-Ack                    |
              |                          |
          (Snd-DRR)                      |
              |                          |
        +----------+               +----------+
        |I-Wait-DRA|               |R-Wait-DRR|
        +----------+               +----------+
              |                          |
           Rcv-DRA                    Rcv-DRR
              |                          |
         (Elect-Lock)               (Elect-Lock)
              |                          |
        +-----------+              +-----------+
        |I-Wait-Lock|              |R-Wait-Lock|
        +-----------+              +-----------+ 
              |                          |      
            Locked                     Locked
              |                          |      
           (Elect)                    (Elect)
              |                          |
      +--------------+            +--------------+
      |I-Wait-Returns|            |R-Wait-Returns|
      +--------------+            +--------------+
              |                          |
          No-Contest                 No-Contest
              |                          |
        (Elect-Unlock)         (Snd-DRA/Elect-Unlock)
              |                          |
              +-----------+  +-----------+
                          |  |
                         +----+
                         |OPEN|
                         +----+




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 11:23:50 2001
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Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2001 11:24:07 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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        Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, Dave Mitton <david@mitton.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Address Name and 20 byte IPV6 length.
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Submitter name: Mark Eklund
Submitter email address: meklund@cisco.com
Date first submitted: 06-Jun-2001
Reference: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2851.txt
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 4.3 AVP Data Formats
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Juergen Schoenwaelder <schoenw@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de> suggested that we may want
to look into two related issues for the Address data format.

1. We may want to change the name to IpAddress to make it clearer 
   that this is restricted to IP addresses.

2. RFC 2851 also has a 20 byte IPv6 addresses.  We may consider allowing
   a 20 byte address.

Both of these issues need to be at least addressed (no pun intended) 
on the mailing list.

Requested change:

1. I don't care either way if it is Address or IpAddress.  I would
   suggest it be IPAddress (capital P) if it is changed.  This is
   just because if we are capitalizing first letters of words, 
   I consider acronyms to be multiple words.

2. As far as I can tell, the extra four bytes in the 20 byte IPv6 
   address is to identify which interface the address is associated
   with if more than one interface has an address.  Since we never
   did this for RADIUS and IPv4, I don't suggest we do it for IPv6.

====================================================================

 




From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 12:45:12 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Server Discovery
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All,

Here is my proposed text for this particular issue (specifically, I changed
text in item 3):

2.6  Diameter Agent Discovery

   Allowing for dynamic Diameter agent discovery will make it possible
   for simpler and more robust deployment of AAA services.  In order to
   promote interoperable implementations of Diameter agent discovery,
   the following mechanisms are described.  These are based on existing
   IETF standards.

   There are two cases where Diameter agent discovery may be performed.
   The first is when a Diameter client needs to discover a first-hop
   Diameter agent.  The second case is when a Diameter agent needs to
   discover another agent - for further handling of a Diameter
   operation. In both cases, the following 'search order' is
   recommended:

      1. The Diameter implementation consults its list of static
         (manual) configured Diameter agent locations.  These will be
         used if they exist and respond.

      2. The Diameter implementation uses SLPv2 [28] to discover
         Diameter services.  The Diameter service template [32] is
         included in Appendix A. It is recommended that SLPv2 security
         be deployed (this requires distributing keys to SLPv2 agents.)
         This is discussed further in Appendix A.

         SLPv2 will allow Diameter implementations to discover the
         location of Diameter agents in the local site, as well as their
         characteristics.  Diameter agents with specific capabilities
         (say support for the Mobile IP application) can be requested,
         and only those will be discovered.

      3. The Diameter implementation uses DNS to request the SRV RR [33]
         for the '_diameter._sctp' and/or '_diameter._tcp' server in a
         particular domain.  The Diameter implementation has to know in
         advance which domain to look for an Diameter agent in.  This
         could be deduced, for example, from the 'realm' in a NAI that
         an Diameter implementation needed to perform an Diameter
         operation on.

        3.1 If the destination address is a numeric IP address, the
            requestor contacts the peer at the given address and the
            port number specified in the SRV record or, if not
            specified, the default port (TBD).

        3.2 The results of the query or queries are merged and ordered
            based on priority. Then, the searching technique outlined in
            [46] is used to select servers in order. The requestor
            attempts to contact each peer in the order listed, at the
            port number specified in the SRV record. If none of the
            servers can be contacted, the requestor gives up. If there
            are no SRV records, DNS address records are used, as
            described below.

        3.3 If the destination specifies a port number other than TBD or
            if there are no SRV records, the requestor queries the DNS
            server for address records for the destination address.
            Address records include A RR's, AAAA RR's, or other similar
            records, chosen according to the requestor's network
            protocol capabilities.

            If the DNS server returns no address records, the requestor
            gives up. If there are address records, the same rules as in
            step 3.2 apply.

         Requestors MUST NOT cache query results except according to the
         rules in [47]. Diameter allows AAA peers to protect the
         integrity and privacy of communication as well as to perform
         end-point authentication.  Still, it is prudent to employ DNS
         Security as a precaution when using DNS SRV RRs to look up the
         location of a Diameter agent.  [34, 35, 36]

PatC



From owner-aaa-bof@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 12:48:22 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Allison Mankin <mankin@isi.edu>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 24: Transport Selection
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Just to close this issue, below is the text that I am proposing we
use in -06:


   When connecting to a peer, and either zero or more transports are
   specified, SCTP SHOULD be tried first, followed by TCP. See section
   2.6 for more information on peer discovery.

   Diameter implementations SHOULD be able to interpret ICMP protocol
   and port unreachable messages as explicit indications that the server
   is not reachable, in addition to interpreting ECONNREFUSED (a reset
   from the transport) and timed-out connection attempts.

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 20: How to handle no common extensions
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	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 04:03:56PM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> Perhaps it should be stated that a node that advertise a wildcard should
> keep the connection.

fair enough, how about:

   A receiver of a Capabilities-Exchange-Req (CER) message which does
   not have any applications in common with the sender MUST return a
   Capabilities-Exchange-Answer (CEA) with the Result-Code AVP set to
   DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_APPLICATION, and SHOULD disconnect the transport
   layer connection. Note that receiving a CER or CEA from a peer
   advertising itself as a Relay (see section 6.1) MUST be interpreted
   as having common applications with the peer.

PatC


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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 24: Transport Selection
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> 
> Just to close this issue, below is the text that I am proposing we
> use in -06:
> 
> 
>    When connecting to a peer, and either zero or more transports are
>    specified, SCTP SHOULD be tried first, followed by TCP. See section

More?  If a Diameter Identity of "diameter://host.abc.com;transport=tcp"
were specified, SCTP should still be tried first?

Maybe this should be along the lines of "if no transports are specified, or
if SCTP is one of the specified transports, it should be tried first"...?
And if it's a good idea to specify more than one transport, should we make
it possible to have a Diameter Identity that contains more than one
transport?

>    2.6 for more information on peer discovery.
> 
>    Diameter implementations SHOULD be able to interpret ICMP protocol
>    and port unreachable messages as explicit indications that 
> the server
>    is not reachable, in addition to interpreting ECONNREFUSED (a reset
>    from the transport) and timed-out connection attempts.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 13:32:20 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on base draft 05
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010605182622.00d9b4a0@pop.fr.psi.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 10:18:11PM +0200
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 10:18:11PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> I understand that formal issues have to be submitted using the appropriate 
> template, but given the number of comments I have, I guess a first quick 
> run through on which others can give a quick word on whether the issue is 
> not new would be better, to then formally submit only those that are 
> actually valid? Let me know if you'd rather have me submit everything in 
> the correct format directly...

Your proposal makes sense. Let's make sure there are issues in order to
minimize opening unnecessary issues.

See my response below.

> 
> ===========
> 
> In 2.5.3, can a server that received a redirect cache the result (e.g. 
> based on realm+application)?

yes, and this should probably be discussed in the base draft. Please open an issue
on this one.

> 
> ===========
> 
> In 2.6/3, when using DNS, what if there are indirect relationships? Imagine 
> the following:
> - ISP A is a customer of roaming clearinghouse B.
> - Company E is a customer of ISP D, which is a customer of roaming 
> clearinghouse C.
> - B & C have a "peering" relationship.
> 
> B---C
> |   |
> A   D
>      |
>      E
> 
> (the idea is to duplicate the peering/transit mechanisms of routing within 
> the Internet, to reduce direct peering relationships, but still with the 
> ability to have multiple competing roaming clearinghouse that talk to each 
> other).
> 
> Since there are only direct relationships between A&B, B&C, C&D and D&E, 
> the request must be proxied along all that path, but there is no mechanism 
> to find it.
> 
> Let's say that A->B is done using a simple "default route".
> 
> I then see multiple options for B to send the request to E:
> 1. DNS+"backward" redirects
> - The home diameter server (E) is found via SRV RRs by B, but since E 
> doesn't "know" B, it redirects it to D (using some "default" mechanism)
> - D points to C (ditto)
> - request gets to C, which starts again, and so on until we get to E.
> Has many drawbacks, amongst which there must be a way for diameter servers 
> that don't know each other to talk at least a bit (not a good idea), and 
> many round-trips accross the net.
> Might be shortened a bit by A sending directly to B (default).
> 
> 2. DNS+"backward" RRs
> - B looks up SRV RRs for E
> - since it doesn't know that server (in its peers list), it looks for 
> another type of RR (TBD) that points to D (might be a TXT RR giving the 
> realm for D)
> - starts again to find C, which B knows and can forward the request to.
> 
> Probably the most elegant. May have issue with different applications, 
> though (unless the server pointed to by SRV RRs is always a proxy that then 
> sends to the right server for the specific application).
> 
> 3. BGP-routing-like realm distribution in CER
> Use the Capabilities-Exchange-Request to advertise the realm/application 
> pairs that a server supports, not just applications. This would include 
> realms that upstream servers support, so it could become quite large. 
> Probably not very scalable.
> 
> 4. BGP-routing-like realm distribution using something else
> Might use other commands, a different protocol, or even use extensions to BGP?
> 
> My favorite is 2.
> 
> Note that all of this might be outside the scope of the (base) document, 
> but I think it would be very useful for roaming, especially in the wireless 
> (WLAN) context.

Support for DNS was added in order for peers that do want to communicate directly,
and have a need to. So, in my implementation, I can state that in order to get to E
(or perhaps any domain that I don't recognize), I need to talk to a server in B. 
However, I don't have any servers setup for B, so I do a DNS query. I think 
that this is the best (and easiest) approach.

Options 2 requires that B know that C talks to D, which talks to E. It isn't clear
to me how this would be known. Certainly not in DNS, since one doesn't encode 
business relationships within DNS records. Business relationships != low latency/round trips :(

Options 3 and 4 have been discusses as research issues many times in the past few years,
but there are plenty of additional problems that arise (e.g. looping). So, if someone
believes this is necessary in the future, the protocol could be extended to support
this, but as it stands, this is a fairly large new feature to add at such a late
date.

> In 3.1/4.1/4.5, what about reserving ranges for experimental command & AVP 
> codes?

Isn't the private AVP and command similar to experimental? I know that RADIUS
has such a thing, but it's never been managed properly. Look at the Status-Client
for example, there isn't a spec out there, and it is only used by a single vendor.
I believe that experimental commands made sense in RADIUS because its lack of
vendor specific commands.

> In 3.2, Command ABNF:
> - "fixed" isn't defined. It seems to mean that it is required, but at a 
> specific position or in a specific order, but that's really unclear.
> - the defaults for min & max in qual are not defined if only one of them is 
> present (i.e. no qual = 1*1, but what about *n or n*? I guess the latter 
> means n*infinity, but does *n mean 1*n or 0*n)?
> - it says that it describes AVPs which MUST NOT be present, but that's not 
> part of the ABNF (it's implicit).

Please open an issue for the above.

> In 4.1, AVP Flags:
> - still mentions both 'r' and reserved bits
> - says that unrecognized bits should be considered an error, but also that 
> r/reserved bits should be ignored.

Please open an issue for the above.

> In 4.1, what about having a AVP type (OctetString, Address, etc.) in the 
> header? This would be useful for logging/debugging purposes in relays that 
> wouldn't need to have (up-to-date) dictionnary files.

This has been discussed at length in the past, and we decided against it.
I agree that for logging and debugging, this is useful, but the format of
the AVP is required in order to process it anyways. If you don't know the
format of the AVP, simply print it as a hex value.

I you feel this is a MUST, open an issue, and we can see where this goes.

> In 4.5, AVP Flag rules:
> - what about a flag that isn't in any of the MUST/MAY/SHOULD NOT/MUST NOT 
> categories for a given command?
> - isn't there some redundancy between the "MAY encr" column and the 
> position of P?

There aren't any flags that aren't in the flag rules (or rather there shouldn't
be). P is not used for encrypting, but rather for signing.

> In 4.3/4.4, do the AVP codes in a Grouped AVP share the same scope as those 
> at "first level"?

Sorry this seems to break my parser. Could you try again? :)

> In 4.3, max length of an OctetString is still 65504.
Please open an issue.

> In 5.1, "the local host's identity is encoded in the Origin-Host and 
> Origin-Host AVPs" (getting picky, sorry).

A nit that needs to be fixed. Please open an issue (btw, given that most of
these issues that I agree to do in fact need to be fixed, perhaps you want to
open a single issue, and just include all these comments). They are protocol
bugs, and need to be fixed, and not necessarily controversial enough that they
need to be tracked separately.

> In 5.0/5.3, it is unclear whether the Destination-Realm derivation from the 
> User-Name should be done only in the NAS, or can be done by any agent on 
> the way.

It is intentionally unclear. There are certain cases (e.g. dial-up outsourcing)
where the user-name is not know because the Diameter request is sent prior to
the call being answered. In such an example, the Destination-Realm would be 
identified via the called (or calling number).

> In 5.3, Diameter agents *MAY* have a list of locally supported realms...

Add that one to your issue.

> In 5.0/5.3.4/5.6
> - the use of Destination-Host for answers quite puzzles me. There's 
> contradiction between 5.6 and 5.3.4 on how routing should be done (based on 
> Destination-Host or Route-Record AVPs?). Using Destination-Host in any case 
> would bypass relays/proxies, which would then lose the ability to track 
> state, to perform accounting (especially in a roaming environment), etc. 
> Not really sure it should ever be used?
> 
> - even better, the Destination-Realm should probably never be used to 
> routes answers?
MUST NOT
> 
> - Should original client add a Route-Record AVP (or Proxy-Info)? Or should 
> a proxy check the Origin-Host for a loop too? How does routing back to the 
> client work?

As long as there is a Route-Record AVP in the answer message, the agents use
the information in the Route-Record to find the next hop. When no Route-Record
is present, the Destination-Host AVP is used to forward the message to the
intended target Diameter node.

I see that 5.3.4 needs a last sentence, such as:

" Once the local Route-Record AVP has been removed, if no Route-Records 
  AVPs are present in the message, the Destination-Host AVP is used to forward 
  the message to the intended target Diameter node, as described in 5.2"

Please open an issue specifically for this one.

> In 5.3.2
> - the use of MRA for redirects doesn't look "clean" to me. I'd rather 
> always have an answer with the same command code as the request, with a 
> specific result-code.

Well I sympathize with your desire, but consensus at the interim meeting
shows that people want this approach. (I personally believe that a Result-
Code class is a MUCH better approach, and works MUCH better with the Diameter
API).

Open an issue on this if you feel this is important to you.

> - loops should be checked

Now sure why....

> In 5.3.3/5.0, loop checking should be done upon receipt of a message?

Not sure that I understand the question...

> In 6.0/5.3.1, how does a relay (which adverstised the relay application ID) 
> know which commands are part of which application, if it has multiple 
> upstream peers with different applications? Shouldn't the application ID be 
> included in the packet header?

This has been discussed, and including it in the header makes vendor specific
applications more difficult to handle. So, since the message must be parsed to
determine the Realm or Host to forward/route the message to, the application
id can be extracted at that time as well.

> In 5.3.4, the agent sending an STR "on behalf of the access device" is a 
> violation of 5.4?

On behalf doesn't mean that the Origin-Host is to be set to the access device's
identity. Of course, this would be broken. When sending a message, the Origin-Host
AVP is always to the local identity.

Am I missing something?

> In 5.3.1:
> - clarify possibility of default realm (which would probably most often be 
> the only realm on access devices).

open issue on this

> - indicate multiple possible hosts for a realm, or is that handled at 
> DNS/transport level?
The routing table definition already states that one or more server can be
configured for a particular realm. Is this not sufficient?

> In 5.5, what's the purpose of the origin-realm? How is it defined/derived?
Not sure why we decided that it was necessary, and perhaps it isn't required at
all. All operations are done on Origin-Host, Destination-Host and Destination-Realm.

Open separate issue on this requesting that the Origin-Realm be abolished.

> In 5.8, isn't there some redundancy between Route-Record and Proxy-Host?

Yes, and I had been thinking about how to add the proxy info to the Route-Record,
but doing so would require that the Route-Record be a Grouped AVP, which has 
additional processing requirements, and I prefer to keep the Route-Record
AVP as simple as possible. For proxies that insist on distributing their state
across the network, let them deal with the added cost of adding an AVP.

> Somewhere in 5, it might be interesting to include a way for diameter 
> proxy/relay/server clusters to exchange state information to facilitate 
> failover. This might be done by sending a copy of all received packets to 
> the other node of the cluster, with either a specific flag set (so the 
> other node updates its state tables, but does not act on the packet or 
> forward it), or some other mechanism. Might be outside the scope of the 
> spec, though.

Interesting, but clearly outside the scope of the base protocol :)

> I guess that's it for today. I have a number of other issues, but they were 
> against release 4 of the draft, so I have to check them against rev 5 first 
> before bothering you any more :-) And thanks to all for all the good work 
> that's already been done!

And likewise, thanks for the great comments,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 13:37:36 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Allison Mankin <mankin@isi.edu>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 24: Transport Selection
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 12:02:36PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> > 
> > Just to close this issue, below is the text that I am proposing we
> > use in -06:
> > 
> > 
> >    When connecting to a peer, and either zero or more transports are
> >    specified, SCTP SHOULD be tried first, followed by TCP. See section
> 
> More?  If a Diameter Identity of "diameter://host.abc.com;transport=tcp"
> were specified, SCTP should still be tried first?
> 
> Maybe this should be along the lines of "if no transports are specified, or
> if SCTP is one of the specified transports, it should be tried first"...?
> And if it's a good idea to specify more than one transport, should we make
> it possible to have a Diameter Identity that contains more than one
> transport?

I suppose it SHOULD be possible for a redirect server to return a host
with multiple transports. no?

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: More comments on base draft 05
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010606004514.00bcd7f0@pop.fr.psi.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 02:09:53AM +0200
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 02:09:53AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> What about having a bit in the header flags to indicate that this message 
> should not be proxied, but only handled locally? This would enable a 
> relay/proxy to recognize messages it doesn't know about that it's supposed 
> to handle (and complain about it?).
> 
> [I'm really in favor of having relays be able to do as much as possible 
> while knowing as little as possible about the specifics of any application, 
> command, or AVP].

Well, the protocol already states that it the Destination-Realm is NOT in
a message's ABNF, then it isn't proxiable, but perhaps something more explicit
for dumb relays?

Open an issue...

> For answers, since in most cases (other than the (in-)famous MRA) the 
> command code is the same as the request, we have a bit to distinguish 
> requests from answers, and the result-code is mandatory, why not simply put 
> the result-code in the command code field?
> The distinction between protocol and application errors could then be done 
> either based on the result-code (protocol errors are in the 3xxx range) or 
> using the proxy/local flag above...

This would break the API, and I really don't like it much. I think that 
the command really needs to be maintained across answers.

> Regarding loop detection, I think the text should specify exactly how host 
> matching is done: based on host descriptor (text), name+port, IP+port, any 
> of the above...

ok, open an issue

> Back on the routing of answers: if one admits we forget about 
> Destination-Host to make sure the answers travels the same path back, 
> should a proxy use the route-record AVP, or send it back on the same 
> connection it received the request on (and which it saved in the 
> transaction state table, or in Proxy-State AVPs)?
> If route-record, then it should be checked on receipt that it matches where 
> the message was received from?
> Alternatively, it could be decided that the route-record AVP is added upon 
> _receipt_ of a message, not when forwarding it. Which elimites the need for 
> a NAS to insert it.

ok, if that will make it clearer, please open an issue.

> I have only glanced at the NASREQ & Mobile-IP applications, but I really 
> wonder why there is any need for separate Auth Request commands? I think 
> the protocol should be streamlined as much as possible by limiting the 
> number of commands (in too classes: those that are used for local hop 
> interactions: Capability Exchange, Device Watchdog...; and those that are 
> used for end-to-end requests: Auth req, Acct start, Acct stop...; the 
> difference being made with the flag mentionned earlier). The difference 
> between different types of auth requests would then be indicated by an 
> application Id in the command header (which is way more efficient than a 
> Auth/Acct-Application-Id that is mandatory anyway).
> 
> Having standard auth and acct commands also permits relays to make the 
> difference between auth and acct commands for routing purposes (when a 
> downstream server advertises Auth capability and another Acct capability 
> for a given Application Id), without having to check 
> Auth/Acct-Application-Id presence which have complex rules that are not 
> stated anywhere (only one of them should be present, obviously).

The way the messages are handled in both NASREQ and Mobile IP are vastly
different. The command ABNFs are different, the behavior of the command is
different, etc. I think that streamlining would only cause additional
confusion, and complexity in implementation.

I would prefer we keep it the way it is now.

btw, if a new service is provided, and an existing Diameter application may
be used, then we do encourage that new AVPs be defined, and existing work
be used.

> Some minor nit-picking:
> - in 6.0, Device Reboot should be changed to whatever is the new name of 
> those messages
> - in 6.0 first paragraph, there is a "first", but no "next" or "then" or 
> "second"...
> - in 6.1, "Relay and redirect agents MUST advertise the *Relay* application..."
> - in the same paragraph, Device Reboot again
> - in the next paragraph, it should be upstream, not downstream.
> - in 7.2, the RTT/RTO stuff isn't used anymore?
> (didn't go through all the state machine, but there are plenty of DRIs and 
> such in there)
> 
Add this to your large nits issue

> In 9.0, what happens if there is no alternate to send the request to? 
> Should the MRA be forwarded upstream? As-is? With stuff changed 
> (Origin-Host, Hop-by-hop, End-to-End Ids...)?

send back towards originator of the request.

> In 9.0, in the result-code AVPs that require Failed-AVPs, need a 
> clarification whether this is done only by the home server, or by any 
> proxy/relay on the way
hmmm... ok. open issue.

> In 9.0 still, what about errors regarding invalid length (packet or AVP)? 
> Especially for AVPs, since it will be difficult to include a correctly 
> formatted AVP if length is wrong anyway?
open issue

> Which raises another question: what about a Grouped AVP with M not set 
> containing AVPs with M set? Yes I know I have silly questions.

that's not a problem. If any AVP has the 'M' bit set, and it isn't recognized
then the behavior is well defined. It doesn't matter whether an AVP is
encapsulated in a group or not.

> In 5.3.2/9.1:
> 
> Unless I'm blind (which could be true), DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION is not 
> defined.

darn..... issue

> In 9.1.3:
> - as stated above, a separate class for protocol errors is redundant with 
> the use of MRA.

yes, and I'd prefer to see MRA eliminated, rather than the class

> - what's the difference between UNABLE_TO_DELIVER and NOT_SERVED? i.e. in 
> which case is which sent?

I know the domain, but cannot reach any servers. I don't know the domain.

> - any specific messages for DNS errors (transient such as timeouts, or 
> permanent such as NXDOMAIN)?

I'd prefer we not have any, buy if you feel it is necessary, please propose
some text.

> In 9.1.4/9.1.5:
> - should AUTHENTICATION_REJECTED and USER_UNKNOWN really be different? I 
> guess that's the usual tradeoff security (having only one prevents an 
> attacker to find active accounts on which to focus) against 
> user-friendliness...
Right and it is up the server's policy to determine which error it wishes to
return.

> - the difference between AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED and AUTHORIZATION_FAILED 
> is, er, unclear.

issue.

> - NO_COMMON_APPLICATION and UNSUPPORTED_VERSION would be better off in 
> Protocol errors?

except that protocol errors MUST only be used in MRA... see the problem :)

> - missing errors for message or AVP length errors

issue

> In 10.0 third paragraph, "If the server does not receive another 
> authorization request before the timeout occurs", I guess some leeway for 
> transmission and processing delays would be a good thing :-) The other 
> option is to use Authorization-Lifetime only as a "Reauth timer", and 
> Session-Timeout as the max length after which the user is to be 
> disconnected and forgotten (and even then, keeping state a tad more to 
> match the accounting stop info that is supposed to arrive would still be a 
> good idea).

Sorry I don't understand. Your other option is exactly the way the protocol
is defined. btw, I don't get the accounting stop thing. 

please try again...

> In 10.3 second paragraph, an example of a reason to have multiple 
> Session-IDs in the same message would be good.

The Accounting Poll command (which I believe we will eliminate), and the
Resource Management (which is not a WG work item), as well as batched
accounting. Since none of these are either supported by the protocol,
or a WG work item, we can eliminate this sentence.

> In 10.7, the STR should be sent along the same path as previous requests, 
> not directly to the server (by using Origin-Host of the auth answer as 
> Destination-Host), for proxies along the way to be able to update state.

hmmmm... don't know how this can be achieved.

> More generally, again, I really find the Destination-Host AVP very annoying 
> and probably not very useful, except for unsollicited requests from the 
> server to the client, and even in those cases, something should be done to 
> make sure proxies along the way are aware of what's going on. The other use 
> would be to make sure the STR goes to the same server that authorized the 
> connection, but it should apply to all intermediate proxies/relays too, so 
> it should be based on some other mechanism.
> 
> Anyway, in many cases it simply won't be possible to use Destination-Host 
> because of the lack of security associations between the two endpoints...

I am not sure that I understand where this is leading....

> In 12.3, still a -Ind command.

and I had to keep it in the spec until the issue was closed. I didn't want to
create a new command set with the possibility of the command being eliminated.

> Isn't there some redundancy between STR and an Accounting-Request with 
> type=STOP?

no. Unlike RADIUS, Diameter doesn't rely on accounting messages to maintain state.
The STR message is used instead.

> 15.1.2 is not up to date (bit numbers)
> 
> 15.4 does not include protocol errors

Add these to your large nits issue

Thanks again,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 14:49:36 2001
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Date: Wed, 06 Jun 2001 11:46:21 -0700
From: Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue #67: How to deal with CER and CEA in the case of SCTP
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All,

Here is one more issue....

/Tony

Issue 67:  How to deal with CER and CEA in the case of SCTP
Submitter name: Tony Johansson
Submitter email address: tony.johansson@ericsson.com
Date first submitted: 2001-06-06
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 8.0
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

The text defined in 8.0 is obviously based on the TCP case (even though
its not explicitly  stated) and there is no case described that covers
the SCTP case.

So, when we now have changed the DRI to CER and CEA, who will issue the
CER in the SCTP case? To my understanding, the SCTP protocol can't tell
the upper layer, which one of the the peers that first initiated the
connection request in the case that both peers issued a connection
establishment request almost at the same time. The SCTP protocol is a
peer-to-peer protocol, so this type of issue is resolved by various
mechanisms in the SCTP protocol itself. The upper layer is guaranteed to
always get one connection between the peers. So the I-connection and
R-connection, which are need in the TCP case doesn't make sense for SCTP
case and the problem right now is that the CER and CEA is based on the
I-xx and R-xx (which is determined from indications from the TCP
transport layer).

IMHO, I suggest that we go back and use something like the DRI. Because
as soon as we have one single transport connection established it
doesn't really matter, which peer that issues its capability exchange
message first. This would make the capability exchange flow independent
from specific indications from the transport layer which may or may not
be present depending on the transport layer in use.

Comments...










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At 19:41 06/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>Well, the protocol already states that it the Destination-Realm is NOT in
>a message's ABNF, then it isn't proxiable, but perhaps something more explicit
>for dumb relays?

I thought in some cases the Destination-Realm could be added by a proxy? :-)

>Open an issue...
>
> > For answers, since in most cases (other than the (in-)famous MRA) the
> > command code is the same as the request, we have a bit to distinguish
> > requests from answers, and the result-code is mandatory, why not simply 
> put
> > the result-code in the command code field?
> > The distinction between protocol and application errors could then be done
> > either based on the result-code (protocol errors are in the 3xxx range) or
> > using the proxy/local flag above...
>
>This would break the API, and I really don't like it much. I think that
>the command really needs to be maintained across answers.

Haven't looked at the API yet (it's in the pile of drafts on my reading 
list though), but will come back as soon as I have read it ;->

> > In 9.0, what happens if there is no alternate to send the request to?
> > Should the MRA be forwarded upstream? As-is? With stuff changed
> > (Origin-Host, Hop-by-hop, End-to-End Ids...)?
>
>send back towards originator of the request.

With what processing? Since it's supposed to be handled locally, it 
probably shouldn't be forwarded as-is? Note that I think there is another 
discussion on the Error-Reporting-Host AVP that would be related.

> > Which raises another question: what about a Grouped AVP with M not set
> > containing AVPs with M set? Yes I know I have silly questions.
>
>that's not a problem. If any AVP has the 'M' bit set, and it isn't recognized
>then the behavior is well defined. It doesn't matter whether an AVP is
>encapsulated in a group or not.

Not possible. Imagine a server receives an AVP it doesn't recognize, but is 
not marked M. It ignores it. Bad luck, it was actually a grouped AVP (which 
the server doesn't know since it doesn't recognize the AVP, and there is no 
AVP type) with an AVP with M set somewhere in it. I would say one should 
not be allowed to put an 'M' AVP within a non-'M' grouped AVP?

> > In 9.1.3:
> > - as stated above, a separate class for protocol errors is redundant with
> > the use of MRA.
>
>yes, and I'd prefer to see MRA eliminated, rather than the class

I concur.

> > - what's the difference between UNABLE_TO_DELIVER and NOT_SERVED? i.e. in
> > which case is which sent?
>
>I know the domain, but cannot reach any servers. I don't know the domain.

Mmmm. Needs clarification?

> > - any specific messages for DNS errors (transient such as timeouts, or
> > permanent such as NXDOMAIN)?
>
>I'd prefer we not have any, buy if you feel it is necessary, please propose
>some text.

I understand that it's an indirect error and that we don't want to have all 
values of errno around, but I think those would be quite helpful for 
debugging purposes...

> > - NO_COMMON_APPLICATION and UNSUPPORTED_VERSION would be better off in
> > Protocol errors?
>
>except that protocol errors MUST only be used in MRA... see the problem :)

Get rid of MRA :-) Or define a "class" of inter-server requests with can 
have protocol errors in their answers, and end-to-end requests which 
cannot? Which amounts to my local/non-proxyable flag ;->

> > In 10.0 third paragraph, "If the server does not receive another
> > authorization request before the timeout occurs", I guess some leeway for
> > transmission and processing delays would be a good thing :-) The other
> > option is to use Authorization-Lifetime only as a "Reauth timer", and
> > Session-Timeout as the max length after which the user is to be
> > disconnected and forgotten (and even then, keeping state a tad more to
> > match the accounting stop info that is supposed to arrive would still be a
> > good idea).
>
>Sorry I don't understand. Your other option is exactly the way the protocol
>is defined. btw, I don't get the accounting stop thing.
>
>please try again...

Well, Authorization-Lifetime is a timer for doing a Reauth. But Reauth is 
not instantaneous, so everybody maintaining state (stateful proxies and 
servers) should not forget about that session when Authorization-Lifetime 
expires (as stated in the draft), but only when Session-Timeout expires, 
which should be larger than Authorization-Lifetime.

And for the accounting stop, if for some reason the server wants to match 
that record with an existing connection (which just finished), it should 
keep information about that connection a little bit longer than 
Session-Timeout to make sure it's still there when the accounting stop 
message arrives.

Clearer?

> > In 10.3 second paragraph, an example of a reason to have multiple
> > Session-IDs in the same message would be good.
>
>The Accounting Poll command (which I believe we will eliminate), and the
>Resource Management (which is not a WG work item), as well as batched
>accounting. Since none of these are either supported by the protocol,
>or a WG work item, we can eliminate this sentence.

Issue?

> > In 10.7, the STR should be sent along the same path as previous requests,
> > not directly to the server (by using Origin-Host of the auth answer as
> > Destination-Host), for proxies along the way to be able to update state.
>
>hmmmm... don't know how this can be achieved.

Just don't send it to Destination-Host, but leave it to be routed exactly 
like the auth request for that session (based on Destination-Realm and the 
routing tables)?

> > More generally, again, I really find the Destination-Host AVP very 
> annoying
> > and probably not very useful, except for unsollicited requests from the
> > server to the client, and even in those cases, something should be done to
> > make sure proxies along the way are aware of what's going on. The other 
> use
> > would be to make sure the STR goes to the same server that authorized the
> > connection, but it should apply to all intermediate proxies/relays too, so
> > it should be based on some other mechanism.
> >
> > Anyway, in many cases it simply won't be possible to use Destination-Host
> > because of the lack of security associations between the two endpoints...
>
>I am not sure that I understand where this is leading....

Well, get rid of Destination-Host :-) Always do hop-by-hop routing based on 
Destination-Realm. Still a problem with unsollicited requests, though, 
unless the server (as well as proxies that hide topology) remembers 
route-records for requests from that host, and we have source routing. Urg.

> > Isn't there some redundancy between STR and an Accounting-Request with
> > type=STOP?
>
>no. Unlike RADIUS, Diameter doesn't rely on accounting messages to 
>maintain state.
>The STR message is used instead.

Maybe a note about that somewhere would be useful so that people with a 
Radius background understand that? Unless it's already there and dear 
precious eyes failed to take notice of it of course :-)

>Thanks again,

Terrible what a "naïve" review of a document seemingly close to conclusion 
can do, eh? Sorry about that and coming so late in the discussion. :-(

And I'll send in all the mentionned issues.

Thanks,

Jacques.


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At 19:21 06/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > In 2.6/3, when using DNS, what if there are indirect relationships? 
> Imagine
> > the following:
> > - ISP A is a customer of roaming clearinghouse B.
> > - Company E is a customer of ISP D, which is a customer of roaming
> > clearinghouse C.
> > - B & C have a "peering" relationship.
> >
> > B---C
> > |   |
> > A   D
> >      |
> >      E
> >
> > (the idea is to duplicate the peering/transit mechanisms of routing within
> > the Internet, to reduce direct peering relationships, but still with the
> > ability to have multiple competing roaming clearinghouse that talk to each
> > other).
> >
> > Since there are only direct relationships between A&B, B&C, C&D and D&E,
> > the request must be proxied along all that path, but there is no mechanism
> > to find it.
> >
> > Let's say that A->B is done using a simple "default route".
> >
> > I then see multiple options for B to send the request to E:
> > 1. DNS+"backward" redirects
> > - The home diameter server (E) is found via SRV RRs by B, but since E
> > doesn't "know" B, it redirects it to D (using some "default" mechanism)
> > - D points to C (ditto)
> > - request gets to C, which starts again, and so on until we get to E.
> > Has many drawbacks, amongst which there must be a way for diameter servers
> > that don't know each other to talk at least a bit (not a good idea), and
> > many round-trips accross the net.
> > Might be shortened a bit by A sending directly to B (default).
> >
> > 2. DNS+"backward" RRs
> > - B looks up SRV RRs for E
> > - since it doesn't know that server (in its peers list), it looks for
> > another type of RR (TBD) that points to D (might be a TXT RR giving the
> > realm for D)
> > - starts again to find C, which B knows and can forward the request to.
> >
> > Probably the most elegant. May have issue with different applications,
> > though (unless the server pointed to by SRV RRs is always a proxy that 
> then
> > sends to the right server for the specific application).
> >
> > 3. BGP-routing-like realm distribution in CER
> > Use the Capabilities-Exchange-Request to advertise the realm/application
> > pairs that a server supports, not just applications. This would include
> > realms that upstream servers support, so it could become quite large.
> > Probably not very scalable.
> >
> > 4. BGP-routing-like realm distribution using something else
> > Might use other commands, a different protocol, or even use extensions 
> to BGP?
> >
> > My favorite is 2.
> >
> > Note that all of this might be outside the scope of the (base) document,
> > but I think it would be very useful for roaming, especially in the 
> wireless
> > (WLAN) context.
>
>Support for DNS was added in order for peers that do want to communicate 
>directly,
>and have a need to. So, in my implementation, I can state that in order to 
>get to E
>(or perhaps any domain that I don't recognize), I need to talk to a server 
>in B.
>However, I don't have any servers setup for B, so I do a DNS query. I think
>that this is the best (and easiest) approach.
>
>Options 2 requires that B know that C talks to D, which talks to E. It 
>isn't clear
>to me how this would be known. Certainly not in DNS, since one doesn't encode
>business relationships within DNS records. Business relationships != low 
>latency/round trips :(

That's where:
> > - since it doesn't know that server (in its peers list), it looks for
> > another type of RR (TBD) that points to D (might be a TXT RR giving the
> > realm for D)

comes in. E would have some DNS RR that says "hey, if you don't know how to 
talk to me directly, please see with D", either directly (some slightly 
modified SRV RR) or indirectly (with a TXT RR giving the realm of D). D is 
a bit like a transit provider to E in routing analogies. Same thing would 
apply for finding C from D.

And many people encode many things about business relationships in DNS 
records. Most "hosting" cases (for NSes, MXes, As...) are quite evident in 
DNS records. Many other business relationships are visible through BGP or 
other means.

This would allow for "universal" roaming. Anyone could roam using a NAI 
very close to one's e-mail address, provided the domain has "routing" 
information to get to its Radius server via the appropriate roaming 
providers (that would do all the compensation stuff), without the need for 
a unique (badly scalable) roaming provider (or disjoint roaming "universes").

>Options 3 and 4 have been discusses as research issues many times in the 
>past few years,
>but there are plenty of additional problems that arise (e.g. looping). So, 
>if someone
>believes this is necessary in the future, the protocol could be extended 
>to support
>this, but as it stands, this is a fairly large new feature to add at such 
>a late
>date.

Indeed, and they are not necessarily my favorites. Just for the sake of it, 
another issue is that of selection of the peer to use when two announce the 
same realm. We could have local weights, MEDs, communities... ;->

> > In 3.1/4.1/4.5, what about reserving ranges for experimental command & AVP
> > codes?
>
>Isn't the private AVP and command similar to experimental? I know that RADIUS
>has such a thing, but it's never been managed properly. Look at the 
>Status-Client
>for example, there isn't a spec out there, and it is only used by a single 
>vendor.
>I believe that experimental commands made sense in RADIUS because its lack of
>vendor specific commands.

It was purely a rethoric question. Many protocols that have IANA-assigned 
ranges include experimental ranges, so I wondered if there was any 
reason/need to have those here. Probably not, then :-)

> > In 4.1, what about having a AVP type (OctetString, Address, etc.) in the
> > header? This would be useful for logging/debugging purposes in relays that
> > wouldn't need to have (up-to-date) dictionnary files.
>
>This has been discussed at length in the past, and we decided against it.
>I agree that for logging and debugging, this is useful, but the format of
>the AVP is required in order to process it anyways. If you don't know the
>format of the AVP, simply print it as a hex value.
>I you feel this is a MUST, open an issue, and we can see where this goes.

Well, it certainly would not be a MUST. Would just have been nice :-)

> > In 4.5, AVP Flag rules:
> > - what about a flag that isn't in any of the MUST/MAY/SHOULD NOT/MUST NOT
> > categories for a given command?
> > - isn't there some redundancy between the "MAY encr" column and the
> > position of P?
>
>There aren't any flags that aren't in the flag rules (or rather there 
>shouldn't
>be).

Well, P often isn't in any column, and M isn't in any in Error-Message and 
Error-Reporting-Host.

>  P is not used for encrypting, but rather for signing.

Ooops. Have only glanced at the strong security draft yet :-(

> > In 4.3/4.4, do the AVP codes in a Grouped AVP share the same scope as 
> those
> > at "first level"?
>
>Sorry this seems to break my parser. Could you try again? :)

Errrr, are the numbers assigned to AVPs within a given Grouped AVP specific 
to that Grouped AVP, or should all AVP codes be unique, whether they are in 
a Grouped AVP or not?

Or, to take an example, if I have a grouped AVP (The-Famous-Host) which 
contains an AVP with code 500 (The-Famous-Port), can I reuse 500 for a 
"regular" AVP (which is not within my "The-Famous-Host" grouped AVP), or 
within another grouped AVP (The-Not-So-Famous-Host), with a different meaning?

You can see that like the enums: their name/values are specific to a given 
AVP, not to all AVPs.

> > In 5.0/5.3, it is unclear whether the Destination-Realm derivation from 
> the
> > User-Name should be done only in the NAS, or can be done by any agent on
> > the way.
>
>It is intentionally unclear. There are certain cases (e.g. dial-up 
>outsourcing)
>where the user-name is not know because the Diameter request is sent prior to
>the call being answered. In such an example, the Destination-Realm would be
>identified via the called (or calling number).

Mmmm. Maybe the unclarity should be made clear then? At some point it says 
it's done by the NAS, and then it's not so sure any more...

> > In 5.0/5.3.4/5.6
> > - the use of Destination-Host for answers quite puzzles me. There's
> > contradiction between 5.6 and 5.3.4 on how routing should be done 
> (based on
> > Destination-Host or Route-Record AVPs?). Using Destination-Host in any 
> case
> > would bypass relays/proxies, which would then lose the ability to track
> > state, to perform accounting (especially in a roaming environment), etc.
> > Not really sure it should ever be used?
> >
> > - even better, the Destination-Realm should probably never be used to
> > routes answers?
>MUST NOT

Issue? Or is that already written somewhere, other than implicitly from the 
way answers are supposed to be routed? If it is, it's unclear (the Message 
processing section should be called "Request Processing" then, and another 
section for  "Answer processing" would be needed).

> > - Should original client add a Route-Record AVP (or Proxy-Info)? Or should
> > a proxy check the Origin-Host for a loop too? How does routing back to the
> > client work?
>
>As long as there is a Route-Record AVP in the answer message, the agents use
>the information in the Route-Record to find the next hop. When no Route-Record
>is present, the Destination-Host AVP is used to forward the message to the
>intended target Diameter node.
>
>I see that 5.3.4 needs a last sentence, such as:
>
>" Once the local Route-Record AVP has been removed, if no Route-Records
>   AVPs are present in the message, the Destination-Host AVP is used to 
> forward
>   the message to the intended target Diameter node, as described in 5.2"
>
>Please open an issue specifically for this one.

I will. I'm not convinced by this method :-/

> > In 5.3.2
> > - the use of MRA for redirects doesn't look "clean" to me. I'd rather
> > always have an answer with the same command code as the request, with a
> > specific result-code.
>
>Well I sympathize with your desire, but consensus at the interim meeting
>shows that people want this approach. (I personally believe that a Result-
>Code class is a MUCH better approach, and works MUCH better with the Diameter
>API).
>
>Open an issue on this if you feel this is important to you.

Not that it's so important, but it would really make the whole thing 
neater. I will combine that with my remarks on related subjects in the 
other mail.

> > - loops should be checked
>
>Now sure why....

A sends request to B. B says "redirect to C". What if:
- C is A
- C is B
- C is a host in the route-records?

> > In 5.3.3/5.0, loop checking should be done upon receipt of a message?
>
>Not sure that I understand the question...

Instead of doing loop checking when sending a forwarded message, it might 
be simpler to always do it when the message is received (in any context: 
server, proxy, relay, redirect... as a given agent might assume different 
roles anyway). This depends a bit on exactly how Route-Record is handled, 
though (i.e. whether even a client should include it).

> > In 5.3.4, the agent sending an STR "on behalf of the access device" is a
> > violation of 5.4?
>
>On behalf doesn't mean that the Origin-Host is to be set to the access 
>device's
>identity. Of course, this would be broken. When sending a message, the 
>Origin-Host
>AVP is always to the local identity.
>
>Am I missing something?

Then what does the "on behalf of" mean? What exactly is set as if it was 
the access device sending it?

> > - indicate multiple possible hosts for a realm, or is that handled at
> > DNS/transport level?
>The routing table definition already states that one or more server can be
>configured for a particular realm. Is this not sufficient?

I should open those things called eyes sometimes :-)

> > In 5.8, isn't there some redundancy between Route-Record and Proxy-Host?
>
>Yes, and I had been thinking about how to add the proxy info to the 
>Route-Record,
>but doing so would require that the Route-Record be a Grouped AVP, which has
>additional processing requirements, and I prefer to keep the Route-Record
>AVP as simple as possible. For proxies that insist on distributing their state
>across the network, let them deal with the added cost of adding an AVP.

Mmmm. Should that be an issue?

> > Somewhere in 5, it might be interesting to include a way for diameter
> > proxy/relay/server clusters to exchange state information to facilitate
> > failover. This might be done by sending a copy of all received packets to
> > the other node of the cluster, with either a specific flag set (so the
> > other node updates its state tables, but does not act on the packet or
> > forward it), or some other mechanism. Might be outside the scope of the
> > spec, though.
>
>Interesting, but clearly outside the scope of the base protocol :)

I'll keep it for desert :-)

Jacques.


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Date: Wed, 6 Jun 2001 15:43:51 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: More comments on base draft 05
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 10:11:31PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 19:41 06/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >Well, the protocol already states that it the Destination-Realm is NOT in
> >a message's ABNF, then it isn't proxiable, but perhaps something more explicit
> >for dumb relays?
> 
> I thought in some cases the Destination-Realm could be added by a proxy? :-)

or modified by a proxy

> > > In 9.0, what happens if there is no alternate to send the request to?
> > > Should the MRA be forwarded upstream? As-is? With stuff changed
> > > (Origin-Host, Hop-by-hop, End-to-End Ids...)?
> >
> >send back towards originator of the request.
> 
> With what processing? Since it's supposed to be handled locally, it 
> probably shouldn't be forwarded as-is? Note that I think there is another 
> discussion on the Error-Reporting-Host AVP that would be related.

Well, proxies are requested to take action, but if they cannot, the message is
sent downstream towards the access device, as in any other answer message.

> 
> > > Which raises another question: what about a Grouped AVP with M not set
> > > containing AVPs with M set? Yes I know I have silly questions.
> >
> >that's not a problem. If any AVP has the 'M' bit set, and it isn't recognized
> >then the behavior is well defined. It doesn't matter whether an AVP is
> >encapsulated in a group or not.
> 
> Not possible. Imagine a server receives an AVP it doesn't recognize, but is 
> not marked M. It ignores it. Bad luck, it was actually a grouped AVP (which 
> the server doesn't know since it doesn't recognize the AVP, and there is no 
> AVP type) with an AVP with M set somewhere in it. I would say one should 
> not be allowed to put an 'M' AVP within a non-'M' grouped AVP?

ok, fair enough. Then please open an issue on this one.

> > > - what's the difference between UNABLE_TO_DELIVER and NOT_SERVED? i.e. in
> > > which case is which sent?
> >
> >I know the domain, but cannot reach any servers. I don't know the domain.
> 
> Mmmm. Needs clarification?

open issue. Again, a single issue with all of these clarification requests
is sufficient. This is not intended to be too much of a burden, but we have
decided that we need to track all changes going into the document, and the 
chairs have decided that opening an issue is the best way.

and it works for me...


> > > In 10.0 third paragraph, "If the server does not receive another
> > > authorization request before the timeout occurs", I guess some leeway for
> > > transmission and processing delays would be a good thing :-) The other
> > > option is to use Authorization-Lifetime only as a "Reauth timer", and
> > > Session-Timeout as the max length after which the user is to be
> > > disconnected and forgotten (and even then, keeping state a tad more to
> > > match the accounting stop info that is supposed to arrive would still be a
> > > good idea).
> >
> >Sorry I don't understand. Your other option is exactly the way the protocol
> >is defined. btw, I don't get the accounting stop thing.
> >
> >please try again...
> 
> Well, Authorization-Lifetime is a timer for doing a Reauth. But Reauth is 
> not instantaneous, so everybody maintaining state (stateful proxies and 
> servers) should not forget about that session when Authorization-Lifetime 
> expires (as stated in the draft), but only when Session-Timeout expires, 
> which should be larger than Authorization-Lifetime.
> 
> And for the accounting stop, if for some reason the server wants to match 
> that record with an existing connection (which just finished), it should 
> keep information about that connection a little bit longer than 
> Session-Timeout to make sure it's still there when the accounting stop 
> message arrives.
> 
> Clearer?

right which is why we have the following in the base:

10.4  Authorization-Lifetime AVP

   [...]
   If both this AVP and the Session-Timeout AVP are present in a
   message, the value of the latter MUST NOT be smaller than the
   Authorization-Lifetime AVP.


> 
> > > In 10.3 second paragraph, an example of a reason to have multiple
> > > Session-IDs in the same message would be good.
> >
> >The Accounting Poll command (which I believe we will eliminate), and the
> >Resource Management (which is not a WG work item), as well as batched
> >accounting. Since none of these are either supported by the protocol,
> >or a WG work item, we can eliminate this sentence.
> 
> Issue?

yup :(

> 
> > > In 10.7, the STR should be sent along the same path as previous requests,
> > > not directly to the server (by using Origin-Host of the auth answer as
> > > Destination-Host), for proxies along the way to be able to update state.
> >
> >hmmmm... don't know how this can be achieved.
> 
> Just don't send it to Destination-Host, but leave it to be routed exactly 
> like the auth request for that session (based on Destination-Realm and the 
> routing tables)?

We were there about a year ago, and this was removed from the protocol.

> 
> > > More generally, again, I really find the Destination-Host AVP very 
> > annoying
> > > and probably not very useful, except for unsollicited requests from the
> > > server to the client, and even in those cases, something should be done to
> > > make sure proxies along the way are aware of what's going on. The other 
> > use
> > > would be to make sure the STR goes to the same server that authorized the
> > > connection, but it should apply to all intermediate proxies/relays too, so
> > > it should be based on some other mechanism.
> > >
> > > Anyway, in many cases it simply won't be possible to use Destination-Host
> > > because of the lack of security associations between the two endpoints...
> >
> >I am not sure that I understand where this is leading....
> 
> Well, get rid of Destination-Host :-) Always do hop-by-hop routing based on 
> Destination-Realm. Still a problem with unsollicited requests, though, 
> unless the server (as well as proxies that hide topology) remembers 
> route-records for requests from that host, and we have source routing. Urg.

Again, this was in a version of the draft, and was removed from the protocol
at the request of the WG.

> 
> > > Isn't there some redundancy between STR and an Accounting-Request with
> > > type=STOP?
> >
> >no. Unlike RADIUS, Diameter doesn't rely on accounting messages to 
> >maintain state.
> >The STR message is used instead.
> 
> Maybe a note about that somewhere would be useful so that people with a 
> Radius background understand that? Unless it's already there and dear 
> precious eyes failed to take notice of it of course :-)

ok. I thought that the STR made this obvious, but you are correct :)

> 
> >Thanks again,
> 
> Terrible what a "naïve" review of a document seemingly close to conclusion 
> can do, eh? Sorry about that and coming so late in the discussion. :-(

Actually, such a review was *exactly* was we needed. Many of us have been too
close to this for a while, and some fresh eyes helps alot.

> And I'll send in all the mentionned issues.

Most appreciated.

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on base draft 05
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 10:05:17PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> That's where:
> > > - since it doesn't know that server (in its peers list), it looks for
> > > another type of RR (TBD) that points to D (might be a TXT RR giving the
> > > realm for D)
> 
> comes in. E would have some DNS RR that says "hey, if you don't know how to 
> talk to me directly, please see with D", either directly (some slightly 
> modified SRV RR) or indirectly (with a TXT RR giving the realm of D). D is 
> a bit like a transit provider to E in routing analogies. Same thing would 
> apply for finding C from D.
> 
> And many people encode many things about business relationships in DNS 
> records. Most "hosting" cases (for NSes, MXes, As...) are quite evident in 
> DNS records. Many other business relationships are visible through BGP or 
> other means.
> 
> This would allow for "universal" roaming. Anyone could roam using a NAI 
> very close to one's e-mail address, provided the domain has "routing" 
> information to get to its Radius server via the appropriate roaming 
> providers (that would do all the compensation stuff), without the need for 
> a unique (badly scalable) roaming provider (or disjoint roaming "universes").

hmmm... ok. This very topic was brought up several times in roamops (a WG that
has since closed that I co-chaired with Glen Zorn), and was shot down. The reason
is that a DNS request is static. DNS doesn't know who is asking and this is a very
important piece of information. For example, in order for B to talk to E, it needs
to go through D, but when Z wants to talk to E, it needs to go through X.

So clearly, DNS cannot provide this information.

> 
> >Options 3 and 4 have been discusses as research issues many times in the 
> >past few years,
> >but there are plenty of additional problems that arise (e.g. looping). So, 
> >if someone
> >believes this is necessary in the future, the protocol could be extended 
> >to support
> >this, but as it stands, this is a fairly large new feature to add at such 
> >a late
> >date.
> 
> Indeed, and they are not necessarily my favorites. Just for the sake of it, 
> another issue is that of selection of the peer to use when two announce the 
> same realm. We could have local weights, MEDs, communities... ;->

ok, well this is more of a research topic, and could be investigated within the
AAA WG, but once the base protocol is released. We have some pretty strict deadlines
to deal with, and cannot afford to start looking at new features (in fact, the
chairs have ruled out major new features at the Minn meeting).

> > > In 4.5, AVP Flag rules:
> > > - what about a flag that isn't in any of the MUST/MAY/SHOULD NOT/MUST NOT
> > > categories for a given command?
> > > - isn't there some redundancy between the "MAY encr" column and the
> > > position of P?
> >
> >There aren't any flags that aren't in the flag rules (or rather there 
> >shouldn't
> >be).
> 
> Well, P often isn't in any column, and M isn't in any in Error-Message and 
> Error-Reporting-Host.

Then these should be brought up as issues. P shouldn't be set in all AVPs, btw.
Only those that are static across agents (meaning agents do not modify them in
transit).

> > > In 4.3/4.4, do the AVP codes in a Grouped AVP share the same scope as 
> > those
> > > at "first level"?
> >
> >Sorry this seems to break my parser. Could you try again? :)
> 
> Errrr, are the numbers assigned to AVPs within a given Grouped AVP specific 
> to that Grouped AVP, or should all AVP codes be unique, whether they are in 
> a Grouped AVP or not?

They are. There is one AVP Code namespace, and it is used regardless of whether
an AVP is grouped or not.

> 
> Or, to take an example, if I have a grouped AVP (The-Famous-Host) which 
> contains an AVP with code 500 (The-Famous-Port), can I reuse 500 for a 
> "regular" AVP (which is not within my "The-Famous-Host" grouped AVP), or 
> within another grouped AVP (The-Not-So-Famous-Host), with a different meaning?

no

> > > In 5.0/5.3, it is unclear whether the Destination-Realm derivation from 
> > the
> > > User-Name should be done only in the NAS, or can be done by any agent on
> > > the way.
> >
> >It is intentionally unclear. There are certain cases (e.g. dial-up 
> >outsourcing)
> >where the user-name is not know because the Diameter request is sent prior to
> >the call being answered. In such an example, the Destination-Realm would be
> >identified via the called (or calling number).
> 
> Mmmm. Maybe the unclarity should be made clear then? At some point it says 
> it's done by the NAS, and then it's not so sure any more...

Open an issue, then.

> 
> > > In 5.0/5.3.4/5.6
> > > - the use of Destination-Host for answers quite puzzles me. There's
> > > contradiction between 5.6 and 5.3.4 on how routing should be done 
> > (based on
> > > Destination-Host or Route-Record AVPs?). Using Destination-Host in any 
> > case
> > > would bypass relays/proxies, which would then lose the ability to track
> > > state, to perform accounting (especially in a roaming environment), etc.
> > > Not really sure it should ever be used?
> > >
> > > - even better, the Destination-Realm should probably never be used to
> > > routes answers?
> >MUST NOT
> 
> Issue? Or is that already written somewhere, other than implicitly from the 
> way answers are supposed to be routed? If it is, it's unclear (the Message 
> processing section should be called "Request Processing" then, and another 
> section for  "Answer processing" would be needed).

5.7  Destination-Realm AVP

   The Destination-Realm AVP (AVP Code 283) is of type UTF8String, and
   contains the realm the message is to be routed to. The Destination-
   Realm AVP MUST NOT be present in Answer messages. 
   [...]

> 
> > > - loops should be checked
> >
> >Now sure why....
> 
> A sends request to B. B says "redirect to C". What if:
> - C is A

Then A would presumably notice that it is being told to redirect to itself.

> - C is B

Then B is clearly broken...

> - C is a host in the route-records?
Then when routing, this will be discovered.

Additional text could be added, as you state, but these are strange problems that would
be detected regardless.

> 
> > > In 5.3.3/5.0, loop checking should be done upon receipt of a message?
> >
> >Not sure that I understand the question...
> 
> Instead of doing loop checking when sending a forwarded message, it might 
> be simpler to always do it when the message is received (in any context: 
> server, proxy, relay, redirect... as a given agent might assume different 
> roles anyway). This depends a bit on exactly how Route-Record is handled, 
> though (i.e. whether even a client should include it).

ok, but that would cause one to add a Route-Record even when the message is
locally processed. That would be most odd.

> 
> > > In 5.3.4, the agent sending an STR "on behalf of the access device" is a
> > > violation of 5.4?
> >
> >On behalf doesn't mean that the Origin-Host is to be set to the access 
> >device's
> >identity. Of course, this would be broken. When sending a message, the 
> >Origin-Host
> >AVP is always to the local identity.
> >
> >Am I missing something?
> 
> Then what does the "on behalf of" mean? What exactly is set as if it was 
> the access device sending it?

The agent sends it, not the access device. I will change the words, if you
could create an issue (or amend the one you've already sent)

> > > In 5.8, isn't there some redundancy between Route-Record and Proxy-Host?
> >
> >Yes, and I had been thinking about how to add the proxy info to the 
> >Route-Record,
> >but doing so would require that the Route-Record be a Grouped AVP, which has
> >additional processing requirements, and I prefer to keep the Route-Record
> >AVP as simple as possible. For proxies that insist on distributing their state
> >across the network, let them deal with the added cost of adding an AVP.
> 
> Mmmm. Should that be an issue?

I'd prefer not, but if you insist, we can let the WG decide.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 19:34:06 2001
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From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
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Brian,

Thanks for the comments.  I think this state table will work
well for TCP, but Tony Johansson demonstrated that this state
table may not work well for SCTP (see Issue #67: How to deal
with CER and CEA in the case of SCTP).  I'll have to think about
that.

As to your comment about waiting until all state machines know
the identity of the peer they're connected to, I think that
could cause a deadlock.  If you have two peers (P1 and P2)
attempting to connect at exactly the same time, you will have an
initiated and responding state machine for each.  P1-I sends a
CER and P1-R has just received a CER.  P2-I sends a CER and P1-R
has just received a CER.  The state machine of P1-I does not
know the Diameter-Identifier of P2 so an election can't happen
on P1.  The same thing is happening on P2.  Deadlock.

Let me try to explain the logic behind the locking mechanism.
Consider the following time-line.


     ________Conversation A________  ________Conversation B________		   
Time P1-I          P2-R              P1-R            P2-I           
 1                                                   Start         
 2                                   Rcv-Conn-Req                  
 3   Start                                           Rcv-Conn-Ack  
 4                                   Rcv-CER                       
 5                                   Locked                        
 6                 Rcv-Conn-Req      Elect                         
 7   Rcv-Conn-Ack                    No-Contest                    
 8                 Rcv-CER *                         Rcv-CEA *     
 9                 Elect            	             Elect                

This is the point where there is a problem without locking.  Both P2-R
and P2-I are not aware that the other has made a connection at exactly
the same time.  Since they will be changing the same state machine at exactly
the same time, who knows what will happen.

As far as I can tell, there is only one minor way this could go wrong
without locking.  That is when they both think they succeeded.  If
that happens, P2 could assume that there are two simultaneous
connections.  This should only last a brief moment.  After P2-R sends
the CEA, P1-I will have an election and disconnect one of the
connections.

Maybe this is an implementation detail and doesn't need to be a part
of the state machine.  Maybe some text warning of this is
sufficient without the need of a state machine.  Do you have an
opinion?

-mark						   

On Wed, 6 Jun 2001, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:

> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Mark Eklund [mailto:meklund@cisco.com]
> > Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 9:40 AM
> >
> > Brian,
> ...
> > process and are listed below.  Could you give your O.K. on
> > those?
>
> Hmmm..I never got a chance to go over the last version in detail, so here's
> my comments on the revised version:
>
> I'm relieved to say that it seems simpler than the previous version (the one
> w/"Wait-R-DRI/Elect", etc., not your previous suggestion).
>
> I like the new election scheme, it answers some questions I had.  I think
> the only suggestion I could offer would be some text that would advise
> Election implementations to wait until all state machines know the identity
> of the peer they're connected to (i.e. wait until they've received the Cap.
> Exchange) before returning a "No Contest" verdict.  Maybe it's restating the
> obvious (or overstepping the bounds of the doc), maybe not...
>
> Why do we lock on the Election?  Am I correct in assuming that each
> transport connection/state machine performs its own election?  Why is it bad
> to have two concurrent elections?  This kinda makes sense, but I must just
> be missing something.  (Does it relate to the above comment about waiting
> for the CE message, maybe?)
>
> PS - Terminology update: Device Reboot -> Capabilities Exchange
> (s/DR(R|A)/CE$1/g). (Also pertains to "*-Non-DRI" events, etc.)
>
> -Brian
>





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun  6 19:37:07 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Proposed fix for issues 26, 38 and 48
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 04:05:17PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> Pat,
> Two thoughts.
> 
> On Tue, 5 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > 
> > All,
> > 
> > Here is my proposed fix for issues 26, 38 and 48. This proposed text is
> > similar to Mark's text earlier this week, but also addresses other issues.
> > 
> > PatC
> > ----
> > 
> > 10.12  Session-Binding AVP
> > 
> >    The Session-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and MAY
> >    be present in application-specific authorization answer messages. If
> >    present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that all future
> >    application-specific re-auth messages for this session MUST be sent
> >    to the same authorization server. This AVP MAY also specify that a
> >    Session-Termination-Request message for this session
> >     MUST be sent to the same authorizing server. The following values
> >    are supported:
> > 
> >       DONT_CARE                  0
> >          The Destination-Host AVP does not need to be present in future
> >          re-auth and STR messages for this session.
> > 
> >       RE_AUTH_ONLY               1
> >          The Destination-Host AVP in future re-auth messages for this
> >          session MUST be set to the value of the Origin-Host AVP in the
> >          authorization answer message.
> > 
> >       STR_ONLY                   2
> >          The Destination-Host AVP in Session-Termination-Request message
> >          for this session MUST be set to the value of the Origin-Host
> >          AVP in the authorization answer message.
> > 
> 
> 1. If the AVP is not present, is the default DO_BOTH?

No, if absent, default is DONT_CARE. I will add clarifying text.

> 
> >       DO_BOTH                    3
> >          The Destination-Host AVP in future re-auth and the Session-
> >          Termination-Request message for this session MUST be set to the
> >          value of the Origin-Host AVP in the authorization answer
> >          message.
> > 
> > 
> > 10.13  Session-Server-Failover AVP
> > 
> >    The Session-Server-Failover AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32,
> >    and MAY be present in application-specific authorization answer
> >    messages that include the Session-Binding AVP with a non-zero value.
> >    If present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that if a re-auth
> >    or STR message fails due to a delivery problem, the Diameter client
> >    SHOULD issue a subsequent message without the Destination-Host AVP.
> > 
> >       REFUSE_SERVICE             0
> >          If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails,
> >          terminate service with the user, and do not attempt any
> >          subsequent attempts.
> > 
> >       TRY_AGAIN                  1
> >          If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
> >          the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.
> 
> 2. If the AVP is not sent, is the default REFUSE_SERVICE?
yes. new text will be added.

> 3. Any possibility of adding the below two?
> 
>         ALLOW_SERVICE		   2
>            If re-auth message delivery fails, assume that re-authorization
>            succeeded.  If STR message delivery fails, terminate
>            the session.
> 
>         TRY_AGAIN_ALLOW_SERVICE    3
>            If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
>            the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP
>            present.  If the second delivery fails for re-auth,
>            assume re-authorization succeeded.  If the second
>            delivery fails for STR, terminate the session.

ok.

PatC
> -mark          
> 
> 


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 07:34:19PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
[lots of great stuff deleted]
> Do you have an
> opinion?

I do. We seem to be going out of our way to ensure that we only have a single
connection, but both Bernard, and others, have indicated that multiple connections
MAY be necessary (at least for TCP).

So given that SCTP will handle the case where two connections occur simultaneously,
is this all now overkill?

:(

PatC
> 
> -mark						   
> 
> On Wed, 6 Jun 2001, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Mark Eklund [mailto:meklund@cisco.com]
> > > Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 9:40 AM
> > >
> > > Brian,
> > ...
> > > process and are listed below.  Could you give your O.K. on
> > > those?
> >
> > Hmmm..I never got a chance to go over the last version in detail, so here's
> > my comments on the revised version:
> >
> > I'm relieved to say that it seems simpler than the previous version (the one
> > w/"Wait-R-DRI/Elect", etc., not your previous suggestion).
> >
> > I like the new election scheme, it answers some questions I had.  I think
> > the only suggestion I could offer would be some text that would advise
> > Election implementations to wait until all state machines know the identity
> > of the peer they're connected to (i.e. wait until they've received the Cap.
> > Exchange) before returning a "No Contest" verdict.  Maybe it's restating the
> > obvious (or overstepping the bounds of the doc), maybe not...
> >
> > Why do we lock on the Election?  Am I correct in assuming that each
> > transport connection/state machine performs its own election?  Why is it bad
> > to have two concurrent elections?  This kinda makes sense, but I must just
> > be missing something.  (Does it relate to the above comment about waiting
> > for the CE message, maybe?)
> >
> > PS - Terminology update: Device Reboot -> Capabilities Exchange
> > (s/DR(R|A)/CE$1/g). (Also pertains to "*-Non-DRI" events, etc.)
> >
> > -Brian
> >
> 
> 
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 09:19:01 2001
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Date: Wed, 06 Jun 2001 23:26:58 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Caching of redirects
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 06-Jun-2001
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01150.html
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 2.5.3 Redirector Agents
Rationale/Explanation of issue:
jc> Can a server that received a redirect cache the result (e.g. based on 
realm+application)?

pc> yes, and this should probably be discussed in the base draft.

jc> additional info: what should be the key for the cache? 
realm+application only? What if the redirect was based on some other 
information? What if the redirector acts as a load balancer? I'm personally 
against caching (unless the redirector explicitly allows it maybe?). If 
caching is allowed, there should be guidelines for expiration.

Requested change:
Text to be added for clarification.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 09:19:23 2001
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Date: Wed, 06 Jun 2001 23:37:52 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] ABNF editorial changes
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 06-Jun-2001
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01150.html
Document: Base
Comment type: E
Priority: 2
Section: 3.2 Command code ABNF specification
Rationale/Explanation of issue:
- "fixed" isn't defined. It seems to mean that it is required, but at a
specific position or in a specific order, but that's really unclear.
- the defaults for min & max in qual are not defined if only one of them is
present (i.e. no qual = 1*1, but what about *n or n*? I guess the latter
means n*infinity, but does *n mean 1*n or 0*n)?
- it says that it describes AVPs which MUST NOT be present, but that's not
part of the ABNF (it's implicit).

Requested change:

[add following text under definition of fixed]
			; defines AVPs the position and order of which is fixed,
			; either at the start or at the AVP list

[add following text under definition of min and associated comments]
			; default is 0

[add following text under definition of max and associated comments]
			; default is infinity

for resolution of the MUST NOT issue, either:
- replace MUST, MAY or MUST NOT by MUST or MAY in first paragraph
- add a specific notation:
forbidden		= "%" avp-spec "%"
- or add text under qual:
			; 0*0 means the AVP is not allowed in this command


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 09:32:34 2001
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Date: Thu, 07 Jun 2001 14:32:28 +0100
From: Stephen Farrell <stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 60: E2E cert names
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The -diameter naming is intended to make it easier to use 
an existing CA for Diameter, as pointed out below, it means that 
a Diameter node won't accidentally accept e.g. an end user's email 
certificate.

I don't believe there's any problem if you also want to use the
same certificate for other purposes as well, since a single
certificate can contain as many subjectAltName extensions as
the CA likes to put there. All the Diameter node has to check 
is that <xxx>-diameter@<realm> is present as any one of the alt 
names. In other words, its a CA operational issue whether
the certs used for Diamater E2E are usable for other purposes,
which is, I think, the correct approach.

Stephen.


> > [...]  Therefore, what this spec
> > really means that is that a Diameter client doesn't by
> > accident accept the certificate of the ISP's web server
> > even if the web server and the AAA server use the same
> > CA. But a web client could accept the AAA server's
> > certificate.
> >
> > I suppose the spec is fine; having a specific naming in the
> > certificates shouldn't be that much of an issue and it
> > does buy _some_ level of additional ease as the same CA
> > can be used for different purposes. The only drawback is
> > that in some cases additional certificates may have to
> > be manufactured for a node, for instance to support VPN
> > layer and application layer authentication, and Diameter.
> > However, since currently we don't have similar naming
> > constraints on other areas it could still be that e.g.
> > a SIP proxy would use a Diameter certificate with the
> > name "proxy-diameter@telco.com" in Diameter, IPsec, and
> > SIP layer operations.


-- 
____________________________________________________________
Stephen Farrell         				   
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
Dublin 8.                mailto:stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie
Ireland                             http://www.baltimore.com


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 09:47:20 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 60: E2E cert names
References: <20010605071737.G22616@charizard.diameter.org> <3B1DF277.1CDC16F2@lmf.ericsson.se> <20010606064128.Z12278@charizard.diameter.org> <3B1F826C.45351D32@baltimore.ie>
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Stephen Farrell wrote:

> same certificate for other purposes as well, since a single
> certificate can contain as many subjectAltName extensions as
> the CA likes to put there. All the Diameter node has to check
> is that <xxx>-diameter@<realm> is present as any one of the alt
> names. In other words, its a CA operational issue whether

Sounds good. I think we can then close this issue, though
some clarifying text would perhaps be useful in the draft.

jari


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 09:52:33 2001
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From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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Pat, 

On Wed, 6 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 07:34:19PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> [lots of great stuff deleted]
> > Do you have an
> > opinion?
> 
> I do. We seem to be going out of our way to ensure that we only have a single
> connection, but both Bernard, and others, have indicated that multiple connections
> MAY be necessary (at least for TCP).

Are you talking about a connection to two different processes on
the same server?

Are you saying that there will be two (or more) connections to
the same process on the same server?  

Is this for redundancy?  I.E. connect through two interfaces so
if one goes down, the connection still exists.

> 
> So given that SCTP will handle the case where two connections occur simultaneously,
> is this all now overkill?
> 

This helps distinguish two things for TCP.
1. Server A and Server B simultaneously connecting to each  other.
2. Multiple processes connecting to Server B.

Depending upon the answers to my previous questions, this may be
overkill.  Or it might be the wrong state table that needs to be
replaced by a new one that is equally complex.

-mark

> :(
> 
> PatC
> > 
> > -mark						   
> > 
> > On Wed, 6 Jun 2001, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> > 
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: Mark Eklund [mailto:meklund@cisco.com]
> > > > Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 9:40 AM
> > > >
> > > > Brian,
> > > ...
> > > > process and are listed below.  Could you give your O.K. on
> > > > those?
> > >
> > > Hmmm..I never got a chance to go over the last version in detail, so here's
> > > my comments on the revised version:
> > >
> > > I'm relieved to say that it seems simpler than the previous version (the one
> > > w/"Wait-R-DRI/Elect", etc., not your previous suggestion).
> > >
> > > I like the new election scheme, it answers some questions I had.  I think
> > > the only suggestion I could offer would be some text that would advise
> > > Election implementations to wait until all state machines know the identity
> > > of the peer they're connected to (i.e. wait until they've received the Cap.
> > > Exchange) before returning a "No Contest" verdict.  Maybe it's restating the
> > > obvious (or overstepping the bounds of the doc), maybe not...
> > >
> > > Why do we lock on the Election?  Am I correct in assuming that each
> > > transport connection/state machine performs its own election?  Why is it bad
> > > to have two concurrent elections?  This kinda makes sense, but I must just
> > > be missing something.  (Does it relate to the above comment about waiting
> > > for the CE message, maybe?)
> > >
> > > PS - Terminology update: Device Reboot -> Capabilities Exchange
> > > (s/DR(R|A)/CE$1/g). (Also pertains to "*-Non-DRI" events, etc.)
> > >
> > > -Brian
> > >
> > 
> > 
> > 
> 




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 10:16:25 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Message-ID: <20010607070513.A12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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On Thu, Jun 07, 2001 at 09:52:43AM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> Pat, 
> 
> On Wed, 6 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 07:34:19PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > [lots of great stuff deleted]
> > > Do you have an
> > > opinion?
> > 
> > I do. We seem to be going out of our way to ensure that we only have a single
> > connection, but both Bernard, and others, have indicated that multiple connections
> > MAY be necessary (at least for TCP).
> 
> Are you talking about a connection to two different processes on
> the same server?
> 
> Are you saying that there will be two (or more) connections to
> the same process on the same server?  
> 
> Is this for redundancy?  I.E. connect through two interfaces so
> if one goes down, the connection still exists.

No. For TCP, they want to simulate streams by opening multiple connections.
People have stated on the list that they want this functionality, as has Bernard
and it is included in the transports draft.

> 
> > 
> > So given that SCTP will handle the case where two connections occur simultaneously,
> > is this all now overkill?
> > 
> 
> This helps distinguish two things for TCP.
> 1. Server A and Server B simultaneously connecting to each  other.
> 2. Multiple processes connecting to Server B.
> 
> Depending upon the answers to my previous questions, this may be
> overkill.  Or it might be the wrong state table that needs to be
> replaced by a new one that is equally complex.

So the way that the transport draft is written is that multiple connections
may exist, and they may be maintained. However, after some time, if the connection
is deemed to be unnecessary, it can be closed.

PatC


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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 07:10:13 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
Cc: stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 60: E2E cert names
Message-ID: <20010607071013.C12278@charizard.diameter.org>
Mail-Followup-To: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>,
	stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
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References: <20010605071737.G22616@charizard.diameter.org> <3B1DF277.1CDC16F2@lmf.ericsson.se> <20010606064128.Z12278@charizard.diameter.org> <3B1F826C.45351D32@baltimore.ie> <3B1F85E1.1C91DD1B@lmf.ericsson.se>
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On Thu, Jun 07, 2001 at 04:47:13PM +0300, Jari Arkko wrote:
> > same certificate for other purposes as well, since a single
> > certificate can contain as many subjectAltName extensions as
> > the CA likes to put there. All the Diameter node has to check
> > is that <xxx>-diameter@<realm> is present as any one of the alt
> > names. In other words, its a CA operational issue whether
> 
> Sounds good. I think we can then close this issue, though
> some clarifying text would perhaps be useful in the draft.

Then I suggest that we do not close this one until we get some
clarifying text.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 10:21:55 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 07:11:25 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] ABNF editorial changes
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On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 11:37:52PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Submitter name: Jacques Caron
[...]

Thanks for the submission. The web page has been updated, and I consider this one
closed since I've already addressed the necessary text which will appear in the
next revision of the draft.

Thanks for your help!

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 11:33:02 2001
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Message-ID: <0D3BDFD96647D211B43A00805F15E589050868B1@ner-msg03.wireless.attws.com>
From: "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        "Molchan, John" <JMolchan@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>,
        "Engelhart, Bob" <BEngelha@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 11:32:05 -0400 
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Folks,
	I am concerned that a single connection limitation may interfere
with using Diameter as a 3GPP charging protocol.  I hope that either I don't
totally understand this discussion or that no such limitation is planned.
Thad

-----Original Message-----
From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 7:37 PM
To: Mark Eklund
Cc: Cain Brian-BCAIN1; Pat Calhoun; aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process


On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 07:34:19PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
[lots of great stuff deleted]
> Do you have an
> opinion?

I do. We seem to be going out of our way to ensure that we only have a
single
connection, but both Bernard, and others, have indicated that multiple
connections
MAY be necessary (at least for TCP).

So given that SCTP will handle the case where two connections occur
simultaneously,
is this all now overkill?

:(

PatC
> 
> -mark						   
> 
> On Wed, 6 Jun 2001, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Mark Eklund [mailto:meklund@cisco.com]
> > > Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 9:40 AM
> > >
> > > Brian,
> > ...
> > > process and are listed below.  Could you give your O.K. on
> > > those?
> >
> > Hmmm..I never got a chance to go over the last version in detail, so
here's
> > my comments on the revised version:
> >
> > I'm relieved to say that it seems simpler than the previous version (the
one
> > w/"Wait-R-DRI/Elect", etc., not your previous suggestion).
> >
> > I like the new election scheme, it answers some questions I had.  I
think
> > the only suggestion I could offer would be some text that would advise
> > Election implementations to wait until all state machines know the
identity
> > of the peer they're connected to (i.e. wait until they've received the
Cap.
> > Exchange) before returning a "No Contest" verdict.  Maybe it's restating
the
> > obvious (or overstepping the bounds of the doc), maybe not...
> >
> > Why do we lock on the Election?  Am I correct in assuming that each
> > transport connection/state machine performs its own election?  Why is it
bad
> > to have two concurrent elections?  This kinda makes sense, but I must
just
> > be missing something.  (Does it relate to the above comment about
waiting
> > for the CE message, maybe?)
> >
> > PS - Terminology update: Device Reboot -> Capabilities Exchange
> > (s/DR(R|A)/CE$1/g). (Also pertains to "*-Non-DRI" events, etc.)
> >
> > -Brian
> >
> 
> 
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 11:46:22 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 08:34:22 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
        Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        "Molchan, John" <JMolchan@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>,
        "Engelhart, Bob" <BEngelha@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Message-ID: <20010607083422.G12278@charizard.diameter.org>
Mail-Followup-To: "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>,
	'Pat Calhoun' <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
	Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
	Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
	"Molchan, John" <JMolchan@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>,
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On Thu, Jun 07, 2001 at 11:32:05AM -0400, Kobylarz, Thaddeus wrote:
> Folks,
> 	I am concerned that a single connection limitation may interfere
> with using Diameter as a 3GPP charging protocol.  I hope that either I don't
> totally understand this discussion or that no such limitation is planned.

I suspect that you don't understand the discussion.

The general idea is to allow two Diameter processes to communicate over several
transport connections. The protocol behavior is the same, and could be used for
3GPP charging, regardless of the outcome of this particular thread. However, what
it would do is reduce the possibility for packets to be held up at the transport
layer waiting for a retransmission from its peer.

Thanks,

PatC
> Thad
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 7:37 PM
> To: Mark Eklund
> Cc: Cain Brian-BCAIN1; Pat Calhoun; aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
> 
> 
> On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 07:34:19PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> [lots of great stuff deleted]
> > Do you have an
> > opinion?
> 
> I do. We seem to be going out of our way to ensure that we only have a
> single
> connection, but both Bernard, and others, have indicated that multiple
> connections
> MAY be necessary (at least for TCP).
> 
> So given that SCTP will handle the case where two connections occur
> simultaneously,
> is this all now overkill?
> 
> :(
> 
> PatC
> > 
> > -mark						   
> > 
> > On Wed, 6 Jun 2001, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> > 
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: Mark Eklund [mailto:meklund@cisco.com]
> > > > Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 9:40 AM
> > > >
> > > > Brian,
> > > ...
> > > > process and are listed below.  Could you give your O.K. on
> > > > those?
> > >
> > > Hmmm..I never got a chance to go over the last version in detail, so
> here's
> > > my comments on the revised version:
> > >
> > > I'm relieved to say that it seems simpler than the previous version (the
> one
> > > w/"Wait-R-DRI/Elect", etc., not your previous suggestion).
> > >
> > > I like the new election scheme, it answers some questions I had.  I
> think
> > > the only suggestion I could offer would be some text that would advise
> > > Election implementations to wait until all state machines know the
> identity
> > > of the peer they're connected to (i.e. wait until they've received the
> Cap.
> > > Exchange) before returning a "No Contest" verdict.  Maybe it's restating
> the
> > > obvious (or overstepping the bounds of the doc), maybe not...
> > >
> > > Why do we lock on the Election?  Am I correct in assuming that each
> > > transport connection/state machine performs its own election?  Why is it
> bad
> > > to have two concurrent elections?  This kinda makes sense, but I must
> just
> > > be missing something.  (Does it relate to the above comment about
> waiting
> > > for the CE message, maybe?)
> > >
> > > PS - Terminology update: Device Reboot -> Capabilities Exchange
> > > (s/DR(R|A)/CE$1/g). (Also pertains to "*-Non-DRI" events, etc.)
> > >
> > > -Brian
> > >
> > 
> > 
> > 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 12:14:47 2001
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References: <20010605071737.G22616@charizard.diameter.org> <3B1DF277.1CDC16F2@lmf.ericsson.se> <20010606064128.Z12278@charizard.diameter.org> <3B1F826C.45351D32@baltimore.ie> <3B1F85E1.1C91DD1B@lmf.ericsson.se> <20010607071013.C12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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> Then I suggest that we do not close this one until we get some
> clarifying text.

"The naming scheme presented here is intended to:

- make it simple to use existing certification authorities (CAs) 
  for Diamater CMS
- allow CAs to ensure that only "proper" Diameter certificiates 
  are accepted by Diameter nodes
- allow Diameter certfificates to be used for other purposes
  where that meets a CA's practices."

That do?

Stephen.

-- 
____________________________________________________________
Stephen Farrell         				   
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
Dublin 8.                mailto:stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie
Ireland                             http://www.baltimore.com


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 13:27:46 2001
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From: "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
Cc: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
        Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        "Molchan, John" <JMolchan@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>,
        "Engelhart, Bob" <BEngelha@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 13:26:57 -0400 
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Pat,
	Thanks for your clarification.
Thad

-----Original Message-----
From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 11:34 AM
To: Kobylarz, Thaddeus
Cc: 'Pat Calhoun'; Mark Eklund; Cain Brian-BCAIN1; aaa-wg@merit.edu;
Molchan, John; Engelhart, Bob
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process


On Thu, Jun 07, 2001 at 11:32:05AM -0400, Kobylarz, Thaddeus wrote:
> Folks,
> 	I am concerned that a single connection limitation may interfere
> with using Diameter as a 3GPP charging protocol.  I hope that either I
don't
> totally understand this discussion or that no such limitation is planned.

I suspect that you don't understand the discussion.

The general idea is to allow two Diameter processes to communicate over
several
transport connections. The protocol behavior is the same, and could be used
for
3GPP charging, regardless of the outcome of this particular thread. However,
what
it would do is reduce the possibility for packets to be held up at the
transport
layer waiting for a retransmission from its peer.

Thanks,

PatC
> Thad
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 7:37 PM
> To: Mark Eklund
> Cc: Cain Brian-BCAIN1; Pat Calhoun; aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
> 
> 
> On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 07:34:19PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> [lots of great stuff deleted]
> > Do you have an
> > opinion?
> 
> I do. We seem to be going out of our way to ensure that we only have a
> single
> connection, but both Bernard, and others, have indicated that multiple
> connections
> MAY be necessary (at least for TCP).
> 
> So given that SCTP will handle the case where two connections occur
> simultaneously,
> is this all now overkill?
> 
> :(
> 
> PatC
> > 
> > -mark						   
> > 
> > On Wed, 6 Jun 2001, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> > 
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: Mark Eklund [mailto:meklund@cisco.com]
> > > > Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 9:40 AM
> > > >
> > > > Brian,
> > > ...
> > > > process and are listed below.  Could you give your O.K. on
> > > > those?
> > >
> > > Hmmm..I never got a chance to go over the last version in detail, so
> here's
> > > my comments on the revised version:
> > >
> > > I'm relieved to say that it seems simpler than the previous version
(the
> one
> > > w/"Wait-R-DRI/Elect", etc., not your previous suggestion).
> > >
> > > I like the new election scheme, it answers some questions I had.  I
> think
> > > the only suggestion I could offer would be some text that would advise
> > > Election implementations to wait until all state machines know the
> identity
> > > of the peer they're connected to (i.e. wait until they've received the
> Cap.
> > > Exchange) before returning a "No Contest" verdict.  Maybe it's
restating
> the
> > > obvious (or overstepping the bounds of the doc), maybe not...
> > >
> > > Why do we lock on the Election?  Am I correct in assuming that each
> > > transport connection/state machine performs its own election?  Why is
it
> bad
> > > to have two concurrent elections?  This kinda makes sense, but I must
> just
> > > be missing something.  (Does it relate to the above comment about
> waiting
> > > for the CE message, maybe?)
> > >
> > > PS - Terminology update: Device Reboot -> Capabilities Exchange
> > > (s/DR(R|A)/CE$1/g). (Also pertains to "*-Non-DRI" events, etc.)
> > >
> > > -Brian
> > >
> > 
> > 
> > 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 14:02:18 2001
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To: "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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In transport-03, the intention was to enable a NAS or proxy to
have connections open to multiple servers for the purpose of
failover/failback and load balancing. Enabling two peers to have
multiple connections between them is a different issue -- and in general 
this can cause problems with congestion avoidance. 

> Folks,
> 	I am concerned that a single connection limitation may interfere
> with using Diameter as a 3GPP charging protocol.  I hope that either I don't
> totally understand this discussion or that no such limitation is planned.
> Thad



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 14:57:58 2001
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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: Wednesday, June 06, 2001 6:37 PM
> 
> On Wed, Jun 06, 2001 at 07:34:19PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> [lots of great stuff deleted]
> > Do you have an
> > opinion?
> 
> I do. We seem to be going out of our way to ensure that we 
> only have a single
> connection, but both Bernard, and others, have indicated that 
> multiple connections
> MAY be necessary (at least for TCP).
> 
> So given that SCTP will handle the case where two connections 
> occur simultaneously,
> is this all now overkill?

Hmm...yeah, probably.  If that is the case, what should the state machine
look like now?

WRT SCTP handling two simultaneous connections, that would probably only
work if you used DIAMETER's well-known port (I guess it wouldn't necessarily
have to be the well-known one, but whichever one you're listening on) as the
local port on outbound connections, right?  Otherwise I can't see how it
would be able to distinguish b/t this case and any other pair of transport
connections between two machines.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 9:05 AM
...
>may exist, and they may be maintained. However, after some time, if the
connection
>is deemed to be unnecessary, it can be closed.
>
>PatC

Along those lines: Maybe implementations should just police their
connections at certain intervals.  If you find two connections with the same
peer "Identity", you arbitrarily disconnect one.  Maybe you would send a
message w/DUPLICATE_CONNECTION_DETECTED or
UNNECESSARY_DUPLICATE_CONNECTION_DETECTED, and wait for a response?

-Brian


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 16:00:45 2001
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From: "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
To: "'Bernard Aboba'" <aboba@internaut.com>,
        "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
        Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        "Molchan, John" <JMolchan@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>,
        "Engelhart, Bob" <BEngelha@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 15:38:06 -0400 
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Bernard,
	Thanks for your reply.  I agree with the point of congestion control
problems.
Thad

-----Original Message-----
From: Bernard Aboba [mailto:aboba@internaut.com]
Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 1:50 PM
To: Kobylarz, Thaddeus
Cc: 'Pat Calhoun'; Mark Eklund; Cain Brian-BCAIN1; aaa-wg@merit.edu;
Molchan, John; Engelhart, Bob
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process


In transport-03, the intention was to enable a NAS or proxy to
have connections open to multiple servers for the purpose of
failover/failback and load balancing. Enabling two peers to have
multiple connections between them is a different issue -- and in general 
this can cause problems with congestion avoidance. 

> Folks,
> 	I am concerned that a single connection limitation may interfere
> with using Diameter as a 3GPP charging protocol.  I hope that either I
don't
> totally understand this discussion or that no such limitation is planned.
> Thad


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 17:14:29 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 13:59:34 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 5: 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
Message-ID: <20010607135933.T12278@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

A few of us got together on the phone today to try to iron out some of the remaining
issues, and I will be sending out how we propose to close any remaining issues (well,
we haven't been through them all... yet).

In this particular issue, the problem is how to do accounting record correlation when
many accounting "subsessions" are needed. 3GPP2, btw, has a requirement for this, and
have addressed this in a largely proprietary nature. We would prefer to detail how
this should be done to ensure consistency across services.

So, we agreed that the protocol already had the necessary components, but the lack
of clarity was what caused this issue to be opened.

Here is my proposed text to be included in the base protocol:

11.6  Correlation of Accounting Records

   The Diameter protocol's Session-Id AVP, which is globally unique (see
   section 10.3), is used during the authorization phase to identify a
   particular session. Services that do not require any authorization
   still use the Session-Id AVP to identify sessions.

   However, there are certain applications that require multiple
   accounting sub-sessions. Such applications would send messages with a
   constant Session-Id AVP, but a different Accounting-Session-Id AVP.
   In these cases, correlation is performed using the Session-Id.

   Furthermore, there are certain applications where a user receives
   service from different access devices (e.g. Mobile IP), each with
   their own unique Session-Id. In such cases, the Accounting-Multi-
   Session-Id AVP is used for correlation. During authorization, a
   server that determines that a request is for an existing session,
   SHOULD include the Accounting-Multi-Session-Id AVP, which the access
   device MUST include in all subsequent accounting messages.

   The Accounting-Multi-Session-Id AVP MAY include the value of the
   original Session-Id. It's contents are implementation specific, but
   MUST be globally unique across other Accounting-Multi-Session-Id, and
   MUST NOT change during the life of a session.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 18:18:57 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 5: 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
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In-Reply-To: <010701c0f066$591431c0$8a1b6e0a@arenanet.fi>; from jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi on Sat, Jun 09, 2001 at 12:59:53AM +0300
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On Sat, Jun 09, 2001 at 12:59:53AM +0300, Jari Arkko wrote:
> > 11.6  Correlation of Accounting Records
> 
> Looks good!
> 
> One editorial issue is that some of
> this text overlaps a little with issue #57
> proposed text. Perhaps you could fix that
> by trimming the text in #57 as follows.
> 
[great text deleted]

ok, thanks for the text.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 18:44:34 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 15:32:03 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Proposed for 26, 38 and 48
Message-ID: <20010607153203.D1100@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

The following is the concept that was agreed upon during today's discussion. I'd
like to request comments.

Thanks,

PatC
----
10.12  Session-Binding AVP

   The Session-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and MAY
   be present in application-specific authorization answer messages. If
   present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that all future
   application-specific re-auth messages for this session MUST be sent
   to the same authorization server. This AVP MAY also specify that a
   Session-Termination-Request message for this session MUST be sent to
   the same authorizing server.

   This field is a bit mask, and the following bits have been defined:

      RE_AUTH                    1
         When set, future re-auth messages for this session MUST NOT
         include the Destination-Host AVP. When cleared, the default
         value, the Destination-Host AVP MUST be present in all re-auth
         messages for this session.

      STR                        2
         When set, the STR message for this session MUST NOT include the
         Destination-Host AVP. When cleared, the default value, the
         Destination-Host AVP MUST be present in the STR message for
         this session.

      ACCOUNTING                 4
         When set, all accounting messages for this session MUST include
         the Destiation-Host AVP. When cleared, the default value, the
         Destination-Host AVP MUST be present in all accounting messages
         for this session.



10.13  Session-Server-Failover AVP

   The Session-Server-Failover AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated,
   and MAY be present in application-specific authorization answer
   messages that include the Session-Binding AVP with a non-zero value.
   If present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that if a re-auth
   or STR message fails due to a delivery problem, the Diameter client
   SHOULD issue a subsequent message without the Destination-Host AVP.
   When absent, the default value is REFUSE_SERVICE.

   The following values are supported:

      REFUSE_SERVICE             0
         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails,
         terminate service with the user, and do not attempt any
         subsequent attempts.

      TRY_AGAIN                  1
         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
         the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.

      ALLOW_SERVICE              2
         If re-auth message delivery fails, assume that re-authorization
         succeeded.  If STR message delivery fails, terminate the
         session.

      TRY_AGAIN_ALLOW_SERVICE    3
         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
         the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.
         If the second delivery fails for re-auth, assume re-
         authorization succeeded.  If the second delivery fails for STR,
         terminate the session.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 18:50:08 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 15:39:54 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 56: Flag bit for start of conversation
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All,

Bernard felt that if clarifying text could be added that states that a message
has NO fixed destination if the Destination-Host AVP is missing, we could close
this issue. So, I'd like to propose the following (new 3rd paragraph):

5.6  Destination-Host AVP

   The Destination-Host AVP (AVP Code 293) is of type DiameterIdentity.
   This AVP MUST be present in all unsolicited agent initiated messages,
   MAY be present in request messages, and MUST be present in Answer
   messages.

   When responding to requests, the value of the Destination-Host AVP is
   set to the value of the Origin-Host AVP found in the request.

   The absence of the Destination-Host AVP will cause a message to be
   sent to any Diameter server supporting the application within the
   realm specified in Destination-Realm AVP.

   This AVP SHOULD be placed as close to the Diameter header as
   possible.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 18:58:26 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 15:44:56 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 58: e2e draft essr/essa delay
Message-ID: <20010607154456.F1100@charizard.diameter.org>
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We discussed this topic today, which is whether the correct design choice
was made in introducing a new round trip to establish a Diameter SA. The
point was made that if some optimization is done, it will require that 
some (possibly sensitive) information will be disclosed in the process
of setting up a key. For example:

     NAS                                      Server

     ------------ AAA + PAP PW -------------->
     <-- HEY! Don't send PAP here's a key ----
     ----- AAA + Encrypted PAP PW ----------->

Therefore, the is no choice other than to have a round trip to establish
the SA, such as:

     NAS                                      Server

     ---------------- ESSR ------------------->
     <--------------- ESSA --------------------
     ------------ AAA + PAP PW --------------->

So the group decided that we could close this issue without any changes
to the protocol specification, and would entertain any objections from the
WG.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 19:08:08 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 15:57:52 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 68: Address name and 20 byte IPv6 length
Message-ID: <20010607155752.H1100@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

This issue really has two separate issues, so let's deal with them separately.

First, there was a request to change the AVP Type Address to IPAddress, since
it is much more descriptive. The group today agreed this was the proper approach,
and the following is the proposed text (note, the change is Address->IPAddress):

      IPAddress
         The IPAddress format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
         Format. It represents 32 bit (IPv4) [17] or 128 bit (IPv6) [16]
         address, most significant octet first. The format of the
         address (IPv4 or IPv6) is determined by the length. If the
         attribute value is an IPv4 address, the AVP Length field MUST
         be 12 (16 if 'V' bit is enabled), otherwise the AVP Length
         field MUST be set to 24 (28 if the 'V' bit is enabled) for IPv6
         addresses.

The second issue was how to deal with IPv6 addresses that would include
IPv6 Interface Ids. Well, the RADIUS IPv6 extensions defines a separate
AVP to include the interface Id, and the group felt that this was a much
cleaner approach, than to require that an IPAddress have 3 different lengths.
So, we decided to reject this particular proposal.

Any comments?

PatC


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From: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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References: <20010607135933.T12278@charizard.diameter.org>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 5: 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
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> 11.6  Correlation of Accounting Records

Looks good!

One editorial issue is that some of
this text overlaps a little with issue #57
proposed text. Perhaps you could fix that
by trimming the text in #57 as follows.

"A particular value of Accounting-Session-Id MUST appear only 
in one sequence of accounting records from a DIAMETER client, 
except for the purposes of retransmission.  
The one sequence that is sent MUST be either one record with 
Accounting-Record-Type AVP set to the value EVENT_RECORD, 
or several records starting with one having the value 
START_RECORD, followed by zero or more 
INTERIM_RECORD, and a single STOP_RECORD. A 
particular extensions document MUST define which kind of 
sequences should be used for the particular application. "

and then move the text below to the end of your proposed
text for #5:

"A Diameter extension document MUST define 
the exact concept of a session that is being accounted, and MAY 
define the concept of a multi-session. For instance, the NASREQ 
DIAMETER extension treats a single PPP connection to a 
Network Access Server as one session, and a set of Multilink PPP 
sessions as one multi-session."

Jari





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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Proposed for 26, 38 and 48
Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 18:45:24 -0500 
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
...
> today's discussion. I'd
> like to request comments.
>
> PatC
...

Minutiae:

>       ACCOUNTING                 4
>          When set, all accounting messages for this session 
> MUST include

MUST NOT, instead?

>          the Destiation-Host AVP. When cleared, the default value, the

Should be "Destination"

>          Destination-Host AVP MUST be present in all 
> accounting messages
>          for this session.

-Brian


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 20:18:22 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 17:08:10 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Proposed for 26, 38 and 48
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In-Reply-To: <35DBB8B7AC89D4118E98009027B1009B0ECF2D@IL27EXM10.cig.mot.com>; from Brian.Cain@motorola.com on Thu, Jun 07, 2001 at 06:45:24PM -0500
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On Thu, Jun 07, 2001 at 06:45:24PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> >       ACCOUNTING                 4
> >          When set, all accounting messages for this session 
> > MUST include
> 
> MUST NOT, instead?

yup

> 
> >          the Destiation-Host AVP. When cleared, the default value, the
> 
> Should be "Destination"

sigh. Gotta slow down :(

PatC


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To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Cc: "'Wijnen, Bert (Bert)'" <bwijnen@lucent.com>,
        "'Joel M. Halpern'" <joel@longsys.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: AAA WG Notice:  Policy Terminology Last Call is now complete
Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 15:12:10 -0400 
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Hi, AAA WG:
We apologize to those of you who receive more than one copy of this notice.

The extended working group last call is now completed, for the draft titled
"Terminology" (draft-ietf-policy-terminology-03.txt), which is being
re-titled as "Terminology for Policy-Based Management".  This extended last
call provided an opportunity for the following working groups to comment on
the draft, and discuss proposed changes on the Policy Framework WG mailing
list.  
Working groups participating in the extended working group last call for
this draft: 
Policy
DiffServ
RAP
IPSP
SNMPCONF
AAA
AAAArch (IRTF)
RSVP
MPLS
Comments resulting from this extended multiple working group last call were
discussed and accepted on the policy framework working group mailing list.
The document will be revised in accordance with the results of that
discussion.   The Policy Framework working group will then submit it to the
IESG to request their review and approval for publication as an
Informational RFC. 
Thanks to all of you who participated in this successful extended working
group last call, and a special thanks to Andrea Westerinen, who edited the
draft, engaged in the discussion of the comments, and who will update it per
the discussion results.
Ed Ellesson, with Joel Halpern, Co-chairs, Policy Framework WG






From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun  7 20:52:45 2001
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Date: Thu, 7 Jun 2001 17:42:29 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
Message-ID: <20010607174229.K1100@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

The following text reflects the decision that was taken during today's
discussion, and I'd like to get any WG comments on the proposed text.

5.9  Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP

   The Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type
   Unsigned32. This AVP MUST be present in Message-Reject-Answer
   messages that include the Result-Code AVP set to
   DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.

   This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds the redirector
   recommends when caching any route entries resulting from the MRA
   message.


5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP

   The Redirect-Host-Usage AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.
   This AVP MAY be present in Message-Reject-Answer messages that
   include the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.

   When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
   the MRA is to be used. The following values are supported:

      ALL_REALM                         0
         All messages destined for the realm requested MAY be sent to
         the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP. This is the
         default value.

      REALM_AND_APPLICATION             1
         All messages for the application requested to the realm
         specified MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-
         Host AVP.


Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 04:08:54 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Proposed for 26, 38 and 48
Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 10:10:25 +0200
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Hi,

The Session-Binding AVP and the Session-Server-Failover AVP both suggests
the same thing. The former suggest that if it has a non-zero value the
Destination-Host AVP should NOT be present and the latter says that if the
former has a non-zero value it should try without the Destination-Host AVP.

I don't believe that it's a good idea to change the Session-Binding AVP
because the default value of zero should mean that the Destination-Host AVP
must be present, so how about changing the Session-Server-Failover AVP to:

10.13  Session-Server-Failover AVP

   The Session-Server-Failover AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated,
   and MAY be present in application-specific authorization answer
   messages that does not include the Session-Binding AVP or include the
   Session-Binding AVP with any of the bits set to a zero value.
   If present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that if a re-auth
   or STR message fails due to a delivery problem, the Diameter client
   SHOULD issue a subsequent message without the Destination-Host AVP.
   When absent, the default value is REFUSE_SERVICE.

   The following values are supported:

      REFUSE_SERVICE             0
         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails,
         terminate service with the user, and do not attempt any
         subsequent attempts.

      TRY_AGAIN                  1
         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
         the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.

      ALLOW_SERVICE              2
         If re-auth message delivery fails, assume that re-authorization
         succeeded.  If STR message delivery fails, terminate the
         session.

      TRY_AGAIN_ALLOW_SERVICE    3
         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
         the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.
         If the second delivery fails for re-auth, assume re-
         authorization succeeded.  If the second delivery fails for STR,
         terminate the session.

/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
>Pat Calhoun
>Sent: den 8 juni 2001 00:32
>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: [AAA-WG]: Proposed for 26, 38 and 48
>
>
>All,
>
>The following is the concept that was agreed upon during today's
>discussion. I'd
>like to request comments.
>
>Thanks,
>
>PatC
>----
>10.12  Session-Binding AVP
>
>   The Session-Binding AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32, and MAY
>   be present in application-specific authorization answer messages. If
>   present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that all future
>   application-specific re-auth messages for this session MUST be sent
>   to the same authorization server. This AVP MAY also specify that a
>   Session-Termination-Request message for this session MUST be sent to
>   the same authorizing server.
>
>   This field is a bit mask, and the following bits have been defined:
>
>      RE_AUTH                    1
>         When set, future re-auth messages for this session MUST NOT
>         include the Destination-Host AVP. When cleared, the default
>         value, the Destination-Host AVP MUST be present in all re-auth
>         messages for this session.
>
>      STR                        2
>         When set, the STR message for this session MUST NOT include the
>         Destination-Host AVP. When cleared, the default value, the
>         Destination-Host AVP MUST be present in the STR message for
>         this session.
>
>      ACCOUNTING                 4
>         When set, all accounting messages for this session MUST include
>         the Destiation-Host AVP. When cleared, the default value, the
>         Destination-Host AVP MUST be present in all accounting messages
>         for this session.
>
>
>
>10.13  Session-Server-Failover AVP
>
>   The Session-Server-Failover AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated,
>   and MAY be present in application-specific authorization answer
>   messages that include the Session-Binding AVP with a non-zero value.
>   If present, this AVP MAY inform the Diameter client that if a re-auth
>   or STR message fails due to a delivery problem, the Diameter client
>   SHOULD issue a subsequent message without the Destination-Host AVP.
>   When absent, the default value is REFUSE_SERVICE.
>
>   The following values are supported:
>
>      REFUSE_SERVICE             0
>         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails,
>         terminate service with the user, and do not attempt any
>         subsequent attempts.
>
>      TRY_AGAIN                  1
>         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
>         the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.
>
>      ALLOW_SERVICE              2
>         If re-auth message delivery fails, assume that re-authorization
>         succeeded.  If STR message delivery fails, terminate the
>         session.
>
>      TRY_AGAIN_ALLOW_SERVICE    3
>         If either the re-auth or the STR message delivery fails, resend
>         the failed message without the Destination-Host AVP present.
>         If the second delivery fails for re-auth, assume re-
>         authorization succeeded.  If the second delivery fails for STR,
>         terminate the session.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 05:53:49 2001
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Date: Fri, 08 Jun 2001 11:20:06 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Hi,

Sorry I couldn't get on the call. I think it would be useful to also have a 
value for not allowing caching. I guess it could be implicitly done with a 
value of 0 for Recommanded-Redirect-Cache-Time, but that should be stated 
as such? And since it's recommended only, that might not be strong enough?

Jacques.

At 02:42 08/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>The following text reflects the decision that was taken during today's
>discussion, and I'd like to get any WG comments on the proposed text.
>
>5.9  Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP
>
>    The Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type
>    Unsigned32. This AVP MUST be present in Message-Reject-Answer
>    messages that include the Result-Code AVP set to
>    DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
>
>    This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds the redirector
>    recommends when caching any route entries resulting from the MRA
>    message.
>
>
>5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
>
>    The Redirect-Host-Usage AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.
>    This AVP MAY be present in Message-Reject-Answer messages that
>    include the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
>
>    When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
>    the MRA is to be used. The following values are supported:
>
>       ALL_REALM                         0
>          All messages destined for the realm requested MAY be sent to
>          the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP. This is the
>          default value.
>
>       REALM_AND_APPLICATION             1
>          All messages for the application requested to the realm
>          specified MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-
>          Host AVP.
>
>
>Thanks,
>
>PatC


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 06:29:49 2001
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Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-reply-to: <20010607155752.H1100@charizard.diameter.org> (message from Pat
	Calhoun on Thu, 7 Jun 2001 15:57:52 -0700)
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 68: Address name and 20 byte IPv6 length
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>>>>> Pat Calhoun writes:

Pat> First, there was a request to change the AVP Type Address to
Pat> IPAddress, since it is much more descriptive. The group today
Pat> agreed this was the proper approach, and the following is the
Pat> proposed text (note, the change is Address->IPAddress):

[...]

OK

Pat> The second issue was how to deal with IPv6 addresses that would
Pat> include IPv6 Interface Ids. Well, the RADIUS IPv6 extensions
Pat> defines a separate AVP to include the interface Id, and the group
Pat> felt that this was a much cleaner approach, than to require that
Pat> an IPAddress have 3 different lengths.  So, we decided to reject
Pat> this particular proposal.

So you leave it to the sender/receiver of the message to do the right
thing. It might get tricky in cases where you have multiple IPAddress
AVPs in a single message and/or the ABNF grammar did not provide for a
scope identifier when it was written.

Anyway, I think it is OK to see whether this turns out to be a real
problem in practice and so I can live with this decision.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder      Technical University Braunschweig
<schoenw@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de>  Dept. Operating Systems & Computer Networks
Phone: +49 531 391 3289    Bueltenweg 74/75, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
Fax:   +49 531 391 5936    <URL:http://www.ibr.cs.tu-bs.de/~schoenw/>




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 09:51:19 2001
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Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 09:50:54 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
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Jacques, 

To not allow caching, would adding the following statement be
sufficient?

5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
    ... If the Redirect-Host-Usage AVP is not present, this
    redirect may be used for this transaction only. ...

-mark


On Fri, 8 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> Sorry I couldn't get on the call. I think it would be useful to also have a 
> value for not allowing caching. I guess it could be implicitly done with a 
> value of 0 for Recommanded-Redirect-Cache-Time, but that should be stated 
> as such? And since it's recommended only, that might not be strong enough?
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> At 02:42 08/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >All,
> >
> >The following text reflects the decision that was taken during today's
> >discussion, and I'd like to get any WG comments on the proposed text.
> >
> >5.9  Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP
> >
> >    The Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type
> >    Unsigned32. This AVP MUST be present in Message-Reject-Answer
> >    messages that include the Result-Code AVP set to
> >    DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
> >
> >    This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds the redirector
> >    recommends when caching any route entries resulting from the MRA
> >    message.
> >
> >
> >5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
> >
> >    The Redirect-Host-Usage AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.
> >    This AVP MAY be present in Message-Reject-Answer messages that
> >    include the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
> >
> >    When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
> >    the MRA is to be used. The following values are supported:
> >
> >       ALL_REALM                         0
> >          All messages destined for the realm requested MAY be sent to
> >          the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP. This is the
> >          default value.
> >
> >       REALM_AND_APPLICATION             1
> >          All messages for the application requested to the realm
> >          specified MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-
> >          Host AVP.
> >
> >
> >Thanks,
> >
> >PatC
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 10:02:20 2001
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At 15:50 08/06/01, Mark Eklund wrote:
>Jacques,
>
>To not allow caching, would adding the following statement be
>sufficient?
>
>5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
>     ... If the Redirect-Host-Usage AVP is not present, this
>     redirect may be used for this transaction only. ...

This contradicts the fact that ALL_REALM is the default. I see the 
following options:
1. State that a value of 0 for Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time means no 
caching (and is not recommended but mandatory in this case?)

2. Add a new value for Redirect-Host-Usage:
         DONT_CACHE                      2
                 The host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP should not
                 be cached.

3. State that when Redirect-Host-Usage is not present, no caching is to be 
done by changing the text to:

   When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
   the MRA is to be used. If absent, the results should not be cached.
    The following values are supported:

And removing the "This is the default value" for ALL_REALM.

In the latter two cases, it makes no sense to make 
Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time mandatory, though.

Jacques.


_________________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 10:34:56 2001
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Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 07:17:26 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 63: e2e unverified certs
Message-ID: <20010608071725.I4931@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

The new CMS (01) draft will not include any text that states that
certs do not need to be verified. Therefore, I will close this issue.

This particular issue also caused some issues with the preliminary security
review.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 10:44:50 2001
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Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 07:23:37 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
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I believe that the Minn meeting minutes show that cms is
mandatory to implement. This issue is asking whether this
was the correct decision.

Could we get some WG discussions on this? I'd like to
get some agreement, and close this issue.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 10:46:27 2001
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Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 10:45:00 -0400 (EDT)
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To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Jacques,

On Fri, 8 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:

> At 15:50 08/06/01, Mark Eklund wrote:
> >Jacques,
> >
> >To not allow caching, would adding the following statement be
> >sufficient?
> >
> >5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
> >     ... If the Redirect-Host-Usage AVP is not present, this
> >     redirect may be used for this transaction only. ...
> 
> This contradicts the fact that ALL_REALM is the default. I see the 
> following options:

Whoops, I missed the statement saying ALL_REALM is default.

> 1. State that a value of 0 for Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time means no 
> caching (and is not recommended but mandatory in this case?)
> 
> 2. Add a new value for Redirect-Host-Usage:
>          DONT_CACHE                      2
>                  The host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP should not
>                  be cached.

I would like a prefer a slight variation on this.  Add a
DONT_CACHE value, make it the first one, and make it default.  
That way, you don't cache unless you are told that caching is
allowed.

-mark

> 
> 3. State that when Redirect-Host-Usage is not present, no caching is to be 
> done by changing the text to:
> 
>    When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
>    the MRA is to be used. If absent, the results should not be cached.
>     The following values are supported:
> 
> And removing the "This is the default value" for ALL_REALM.
> 
> In the latter two cases, it makes no sense to make 
> Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time mandatory, though.
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 10:46:28 2001
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Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 07:20:10 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 64: e2e draft editorial issues
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I've already sent my comments on this particular issue, but there
were two remaining items that needed to be addressed before it could
be closed.

- 6.5, I think it is better to keep the OCSP-desire 
and the nonce together. 

I do not know what this means? A grouped AVP? btw, the current
draft is incorrect since it shows that the nonce and OSCP-Request
can occur multiple times in the DSAR, and it MUST NOT occur more
than once. The ABNF will be updated to reflect this.

Jari, could you please expand on what you meant?


- 6.8, I think we should just drop the top CA 
since that cert must be known by the initiator 
anyway.

I agree, and the new version will reflect this change.

Thanks,

PatC 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 11:13:41 2001
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Jacques,

I don't know why cache time is "recommended" either.

I prefer DONT_CACHE to be default because in the case where you
aren't caching, you will have the most traffic.  So not having
that AVP when there is the most traffic makes sense to me.

-mark

On Fri, 8 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:

> At 16:45 08/06/01, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > 1. State that a value of 0 for Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time means no
> > > caching (and is not recommended but mandatory in this case?)
> > >
> > > 2. Add a new value for Redirect-Host-Usage:
> > >          DONT_CACHE                      2
> > >                  The host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP should not
> > >                  be cached.
> >
> >I would like a prefer a slight variation on this.  Add a
> >DONT_CACHE value, make it the first one, and make it default.
> >That way, you don't cache unless you are told that caching is
> >allowed.
> 
> I agree with making it the first one, it's more logical. I thought about 
> making it the default, but I'm not so sure. It depends what we expect would 
> be the default behaviour, actually. And then it raises the issue of the 
> mandatory clause for the caching time.
> 
> In fact, I would reverse the descriptions for the two AVPs, make DONT_CACHE 
> first, and state for the others that in those cases one can specify the 
> caching time with the other AVP.
> 
> In the cache time AVP I would then probably add a default value... Though I 
> don't know how much that should be (5 minutes, an hour, a day...)?
> 
> Still wonder why it should be "recommended" only, though?
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 11:16:56 2001
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From: Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 <panos.thomas@motorola.com>
To: "'Jacques Caron'" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
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> I think it would be useful to also have a value for not allowing caching.

Jacques, could you please elaborate more on this? I guess I have difficulties seeing why would a redirector recommend the requestor not to cache routing information.

-Panos

-----Original Message-----
From: Jacques Caron [mailto:jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com]
Sent: 08 June 2001 04:20
To: Pat Calhoun
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects


Hi,

Sorry I couldn't get on the call. I think it would be useful to also have a 
value for not allowing caching. I guess it could be implicitly done with a 
value of 0 for Recommanded-Redirect-Cache-Time, but that should be stated 
as such? And since it's recommended only, that might not be strong enough?

Jacques.

At 02:42 08/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>The following text reflects the decision that was taken during today's
>discussion, and I'd like to get any WG comments on the proposed text.
>
>5.9  Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP
>
>    The Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type
>    Unsigned32. This AVP MUST be present in Message-Reject-Answer
>    messages that include the Result-Code AVP set to
>    DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
>
>    This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds the redirector
>    recommends when caching any route entries resulting from the MRA
>    message.
>
>
>5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
>
>    The Redirect-Host-Usage AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.
>    This AVP MAY be present in Message-Reject-Answer messages that
>    include the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
>
>    When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
>    the MRA is to be used. The following values are supported:
>
>       ALL_REALM                         0
>          All messages destined for the realm requested MAY be sent to
>          the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP. This is the
>          default value.
>
>       REALM_AND_APPLICATION             1
>          All messages for the application requested to the realm
>          specified MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-
>          Host AVP.
>
>
>Thanks,
>
>PatC


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 11:43:52 2001
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Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 08:33:13 -0700 (PDT)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
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> I believe that the Minn meeting minutes show that cms is
> mandatory to implement. This issue is asking whether this
> was the correct decision.
> 
> Could we get some WG discussions on this? I'd like to
> get some agreement, and close this issue.
> 

At IETF 50, we discussed this issue and were given guidance by the IESG
that e2e security would need to be mandatory. The question is where. I
would suggest that Relays and Re-directs have no need to implement e2e
security. Servers MUST implement it -- and since proxies act as servers,
that includes them too. 

The interesting question is whether NASes MUST implement e2e
security. This seems somewhat too harsh to me, because some are quite
modest devices (e.g. Access Points selling for $250). Also, it is likely
that proxies will frequently be the endpoint for e2e, not NASes, purely
for the purpose of manageability (don't have to put certs on every NAS,
etc.). So this might be a SHOULD. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 11:45:56 2001
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Date: Fri, 8 Jun 2001 07:22:15 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 61: e2e cms and pki profiling
Message-ID: <20010608072215.K4931@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

After having talked this over with my co-author, we both agree
that some profiling would be beneficial, but both agree that
this is something that should occur between proposed standard
and draft standard. The reason being that this information will
require implementations, and operational experience. Guessing
the right profile prior to this may be tricky.

Does anyone object? If not, then we could leave this issue open,
but defer it to "Address in DS"

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 11:46:14 2001
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Date: Fri, 08 Jun 2001 16:53:04 +0200
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 16:45 08/06/01, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > 1. State that a value of 0 for Recommended-Redirect-Cache-Time means no
> > caching (and is not recommended but mandatory in this case?)
> >
> > 2. Add a new value for Redirect-Host-Usage:
> >          DONT_CACHE                      2
> >                  The host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP should not
> >                  be cached.
>
>I would like a prefer a slight variation on this.  Add a
>DONT_CACHE value, make it the first one, and make it default.
>That way, you don't cache unless you are told that caching is
>allowed.

I agree with making it the first one, it's more logical. I thought about 
making it the default, but I'm not so sure. It depends what we expect would 
be the default behaviour, actually. And then it raises the issue of the 
mandatory clause for the caching time.

In fact, I would reverse the descriptions for the two AVPs, make DONT_CACHE 
first, and state for the others that in those cases one can specify the 
caching time with the other AVP.

In the cache time AVP I would then probably add a default value... Though I 
don't know how much that should be (5 minutes, an hour, a day...)?

Still wonder why it should be "recommended" only, though?

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 12:23:52 2001
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Date: Fri, 08 Jun 2001 18:17:30 +0200
To: Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 <panos.thomas@motorola.com>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 17:16 08/06/01, Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 wrote:

> > I think it would be useful to also have a value for not allowing caching.
>
>Jacques, could you please elaborate more on this? I guess I have 
>difficulties seeing why would a redirector recommend the requestor not to 
>cache routing information.

I think I stated it in the original issue. Just in case, at least two 
situations where you wouldn't want that:
1. the redirection is not based on realm or realm+app. Might be based on 
Called or Calling number, might be based on part of the login (imagine you 
have one server handling customers with logins beginning with a-m, another 
for those with logins beginning with n-z), might be based on the NAS it 
comes from, on the service type. Anything, actually. It would be OK to 
cache if you can specify exactly what the key for caching is, but in the 
absence of that...

2. the redirector acts as a load balancer. Not sure this would be the best 
place to put LB features, but just in case...

BTW, even if caching is not allowed or restricted, at least one case might 
be interesting to be allowed: cache the redirect host for all subsequent 
requests with the same session-ID/multi-session-ID/Class/State/whatever it 
is today. Maybe we need another value for Redirect-Host-Usage?

Jacques.


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To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
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On Fri, Jun 08, 2001 at 08:33:13AM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> At IETF 50, we discussed this issue and were given guidance by the IESG
> that e2e security would need to be mandatory. The question is where. I
> would suggest that Relays and Re-directs have no need to implement e2e
> security. Servers MUST implement it -- and since proxies act as servers,
> that includes them too. 

See the CMS I-D on a relay initiating a CMS session on behalf of the access
device.

> 
> The interesting question is whether NASes MUST implement e2e
> security. This seems somewhat too harsh to me, because some are quite
> modest devices (e.g. Access Points selling for $250). Also, it is likely
> that proxies will frequently be the endpoint for e2e, not NASes, purely
> for the purpose of manageability (don't have to put certs on every NAS,
> etc.). So this might be a SHOULD. 

I am ok with the NAS being a SHOULD, but operators will have to ensure that
some device in their network supports it.

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
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On Fri, Jun 08, 2001 at 11:12:38AM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> I don't know why cache time is "recommended" either.

Well, we can make it a MUST instead of a recommendation. But
what happens if one doesn't cache entries? Are they non-conformant?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 13:06:58 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
Cc: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010608093727.G11643@charizard.diameter.org>
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At 18:37 08/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Fri, Jun 08, 2001 at 11:12:38AM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > I don't know why cache time is "recommended" either.
>
>Well, we can make it a MUST instead of a recommendation. But
>what happens if one doesn't cache entries? Are they non-conformant?

I'd at least say that the host sending the request MUST NOT cache the 
redirect-Host longer than the value of the AVP. Doesn't force it to cache, 
but makes sure that it doesn't cache it longer than the redirector wants.

You can see that a bit like DNS TTL or HTTP expiration (or whatever it's 
nowadays in Cache-Control). Nothing prevents the requestor/proxy from 
forgetting immediately about it, but it should not keep it longer than 
indicated.

Jacques.


_________________________________________________________
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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 13:21:17 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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Cc: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
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On Fri, Jun 08, 2001 at 01:14:34PM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> Pat, I agree with Jacques.  Maybe a name of I was thinking
> Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time makes more sense.

sounds good.
> 
> One question.  We mentioned creating a default value for
> Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time.  This would only be true if it
> isn't required in a Message-Reject-Answer of type
> DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.  Should it no longer be required
> and just have a default value if not present?

That works for me if the default is to cache.

patC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun  8 16:15:50 2001
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From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
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Pat, I agree with Jacques.  Maybe a name of I was thinking
Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time makes more sense.

One question.  We mentioned creating a default value for
Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time.  This would only be true if it
isn't required in a Message-Reject-Answer of type
DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.  Should it no longer be required
and just have a default value if not present?

-mark


On Fri, 8 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:

> At 18:37 08/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >On Fri, Jun 08, 2001 at 11:12:38AM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > > I don't know why cache time is "recommended" either.
> >
> >Well, we can make it a MUST instead of a recommendation. But
> >what happens if one doesn't cache entries? Are they non-conformant?
> 
> I'd at least say that the host sending the request MUST NOT cache the 
> redirect-Host longer than the value of the AVP. Doesn't force it to cache, 
> but makes sure that it doesn't cache it longer than the redirector wants.
> 
> You can see that a bit like DNS TTL or HTTP expiration (or whatever it's 
> nowadays in Cache-Control). Nothing prevents the requestor/proxy from 
> forgetting immediately about it, but it should not keep it longer than 
> indicated.
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Jun 10 15:39:14 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
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>The question is where.

Yes!

> would suggest that Relays and Re-directs have no need to implement e2e
> security.

Right.

>Servers MUST implement it -- and since proxies act as servers,
> that includes them too. 

Sounds ok.

> The interesting question is whether NASes MUST implement e2e
> security. This seems somewhat too harsh to me, because some are quite
> modest devices (e.g. Access Points selling for $250). Also, it is likely
> that proxies will frequently be the endpoint for e2e, not NASes, purely
> for the purpose of manageability (don't have to put certs on every NAS,
> etc.). So this might be a SHOULD. 

I support SHOULD.

Jari





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Jun 10 16:02:00 2001
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Date: Sun, 10 Jun 2001 21:02:05 +0100
From: Stephen Farrell <stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie>
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One note,

> > The interesting question is whether NASes MUST implement e2e
> > security. This seems somewhat too harsh to me, because some are quite
> > modest devices (e.g. Access Points selling for $250). Also, it is likely
> > that proxies will frequently be the endpoint for e2e, not NASes, purely
> > for the purpose of manageability (don't have to put certs on every NAS,
> > etc.). So this might be a SHOULD.
> 
> I support SHOULD.

A NAS can easily support parts of the CMS app. Basically, the difference
is whether the NAS has a private key or not. If it hasn't then the 
configuration of the NAS for CMS only requires static data like root 
CA keys and the only cost that'd possibly appear in the $250 is code 
footprint. (In case someone's skeptical about this, mobile phones also 
cost about that amount and some include similar functionality.)

Also worth noting is that there's really not that much additional 
footprint required if you add the private key operations. The costs
related to private key support are largely around provisioning and
the like. ('Course if someone wants to save some dosh, leave a space
for a WIM chipcard in your NAS - there'll be lots of them about.)

On this basis, my preference would be to make support for the CMS app 
a MUST, but to explicitly call out (wherever the text goes - where's
that?) that even with the CMS app code present, you can't assume that 
a private key is actually present - this means that a conformant NAS 
can be developed, configured and used without incurring the costly 
side of the CMS app. (which is NAS-specific provisioning)

Stephen.

-- 
____________________________________________________________
Stephen Farrell         				   
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
Dublin 8.                mailto:stephen.farrell@baltimore.ie
Ireland                             http://www.baltimore.com


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Jun 10 19:19:16 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 00:54:33 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Various editorial changes
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01150.html
Document: Base
Comment type: E
Priority: 2
Section: throughout
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

In 4.1 AVP Header:
- still mentions both 'r' and reserved bits
- says that unrecognized bits should be considered an error, but also that
r/reserved bits should be ignored.

In 4.3 AVP Data formats, max length of an OctetString is still 65504 (btw, 
why was it 65504 and not 2^16-20=65516?)

In 5.1 Processing Local Messages, "the local host's identity is encoded in 
the Origin-Host and Origin-Host AVPs" (double Origin-Host)

In 5.3 Message Routing, Diameter agents *MAY* have a list of locally 
supported realms...

In 6.0, 6.1, minor editing.

In 7.2, remove unused RTO stuff.

Requested changes:

In 4.1, replace:
    AVP Flags
       The AVP Flags field informs the receiver how each attribute must
       be handled. Note that subsequent Diameter applications MAY define
       bits to be used within the AVP Header, and an unrecognized bit
       should be considered an error. The 'r' and the reserved bits are
       unused and should be set to 0 and ignored on receipt, while the
       'P' bit is defined in [11].

With:
    AVP Flags
       The AVP Flags field informs the receiver how each attribute must
       be handled. The 'r' (reserved) bits are unused and SHOULD be set
       to 0. Note that subsequent Diameter applications MAY define
       additional bits within the AVP Header, and an unrecognized bit
       SHOULD be considered an error. The 'P' bit is defined in [11].

In 4.3, replace:
       OctetString
          The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
          otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8
          (12 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  Data used to transmit (human
          readable) character string data uses the UTF-8 [24] character
          set and is NOT NULL-terminated. The minimum Length field MUST
          be 9, but can be set to any value up to 65504 bytes. AVP Values
          of this type that do not align on a 32-bit boundary MUST have
          the necessary padding.

With:
       OctetString
          The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
          otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8
          (12 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  Data used to transmit (human
          readable) character string data uses the UTF-8 [24] character
          set and is NOT NULL-terminated. The minimum Length field MUST
          be 9, but can be set to any value up to 2^24-20=16777196 bytes.
          AVP Values of this type that do not align on a 32-bit boundary
          MUST have the necessary padding.

In 5.1, replace:
       - The local host's identity is encoded in the Origin-Host and
         Origin-Host AVPs.

With:
       - The local host's identity is encoded in the Origin-Host AVPs.

In 5.3, replace:
    Diameter agents have a list of locally supported realms, and MAY have
    a list of externally supported realms. When a request is received
    that includes a realm that is not locally supported, the message is
    routed to the peer configured in the Domain Routing Table table (see
    section 5.3.1).

With:
    Diameter agents MAY have a list of locally supported realms, and MAY
    have a list of externally supported realms. When a request is
    received that includes a realm that is not locally supported, the
    message is routed to the peer configured in the Domain Routing Table
    table (see section 5.3.1).

In 6.0 Capabilities Exchange, replace:
    When two Diameter peers establish a transport connection, they MUST
    exchange the Device Reboot messages, as specified in the peer state
    machine (see section 8.0). This message has two purposes. First it
    allows a peer's identity to be discovered, and allows for
    capabilities exchange, such as the supported protocol version number,
    the locally supported Diameter applications, etc.

With:
    When two Diameter peers establish a transport connection, they MUST
    exchange the Capabilities Exchange messages, as specified in the peer
    state machine (see section 8.0). This message allows the discovery of
    both the peer's identity, and its capabilities, such as the supported
    protocol version number, the locally supported Diameter applications,
    etc.

In 6.1 Application Identifiers, replace:
    Relay and redirect agents MUST advertise the Proxy application
    identifier, while all other Diameter nodes MUST advertise locally
    supported applications. The receiver of a Device Reboot message
    advertising Relay service MUST assume that the sender supports all
    current and future applications.

with:
    Relay and redirect agents MUST advertise the Relay application
    identifier, while all other Diameter nodes MUST advertise locally
    supported applications. The receiver of a Capabilities Exchange
    message advertising Relay service MUST assume that the sender
    supports all current and future applications.

In 7.2 Device-Watchdog-Answer, remove:
    A receiver of the DWA SHOULD
    perform RTT calculation in the event that the transport RTO
    information is not available.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Jun 10 20:29:45 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 01:11:01 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Downstream/upstream confusion
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: E
Priority: 1
Section: throughout
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

The terms "upstream" and "downstream" are not used consistently. Even the 
definitions seem contrary to logic: things usually flow from upstream to 
downstream, so upstream should be towards the client, and downstream 
towards the home server.

Requested changes:

In 1.3 Terminology, replace:
    Downstream Server
       Diameter Proxy servers identify a downstream server as one that is
       providing routing services towards the Diameter client.

with:
    Downstream Server
       Diameter Proxy servers identify a downstream server as one that is
       providing routing services towards the home server for a
       particular message.

and replace:
    Upstream Server
       Diameter Proxy servers identify an upstream server as one that is
       providing routing services towards the home server for a
       particular message.

with:
    Upstream Server
       Diameter Proxy servers identify an upstream server as one that is
       providing routing services towards the Diameter client.

In 2.5.2 Proxy Agents, replace:
    Similarly to Relays, Proxy agents route Diameter messages using the
    Diameter Routing Table. However, they differ since they modify
    messages to implement policy enforcement. This requires that proxies
    maintain the state of their downstream peers (e.g. access devices) to
    enforce resource usage, provide admission control, and provisioning.

with:
    Similarly to Relays, Proxy agents route Diameter messages using the
    Diameter Routing Table. However, they differ since they modify
    messages to implement policy enforcement. This requires that proxies
    maintain the state of their upstream peers (e.g. access devices) to
    enforce resource usage, provide admission control, and provisioning.

In 6.0 Capabilities Exchange, replace:
    Since the CER/CEA messages cannot be proxied, it is still possible
    that an upstream proxy receives a message for which it has no
    available peers to handle the application that corresponds to the
    Command-Code. In such instances, the Message-Reject-Answer message is
    used (see Section 9.2.1) to inform the downstream to take action
    (e.g. re-routing request to an alternate peer).

With:
    Since the CER/CEA messages cannot be proxied, it is still possible
    that a downstream proxy receives a message for which it has no
    available peers to handle the application that corresponds to the
    Command-Code. In such instances, the Message-Reject-Answer message is
    used (see Section 9.2.1) to inform the upstream to take action
    (e.g. re-routing request to an alternate peer).

In 9.0, Error Handling, replace:
    Figure 4 provides an example of a message forwarded upstream by a
    Diameter relay. When the message is received by Relay 2, and it
    detects that it cannot forward the request to the home server, an MRA
    message is returned with the Result-Code AVP set to
    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER. Given that this error falls within the
    protocol error category, Relay 1 would take special action, and given
    the error, attempt to route the message through its alternate Relay
    3.

with:
    Figure 4 provides an example of a message forwarded downstream by a
    Diameter relay. When the message is received by Relay 2, and it
    detects that it cannot forward the request to the home server, an MRA
    message is returned with the Result-Code AVP set to
    DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER. Given that this error falls within the
    protocol error category, Relay 1 would take special action, and given
    the error, attempt to route the message through its alternate Relay
    3.

Alternatively, leave the definitions as they are (though I don't understand 
them?) and fix down/upstream in 6.2 and 10.10.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Jun 10 23:40:38 2001
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> A NAS can easily support parts of the CMS app. Basically, the difference
> is whether the NAS has a private key or not. If it hasn't then the 

Well, this is one aspect but there aren't there also issues in making e.g.
a 50k-port NAS be prepared to do PK cryptographic operations per each call
(worst case call distribution to different end servers etc)? Note that h2h security
would be set-up just once at boot time, or might even be statically keyed in the
case of IPsec.

Jari





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 04:10:13 2001
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Jari,

Jari Arkko wrote:
> 
> > A NAS can easily support parts of the CMS app. Basically, the difference
> > is whether the NAS has a private key or not. If it hasn't then the
> 
> Well, this is one aspect but there aren't there also issues in making e.g.
> a 50k-port NAS be prepared to do PK cryptographic operations per each call
> (worst case call distribution to different end servers etc)? Note that h2h security
> would be set-up just once at boot time, or might even be statically keyed in the
> case of IPsec.

With the algorithm we're using (RSA) public key operations aren't
much slower than the symmetric crypto that'll be used for h2h. Private
key operations OTOH are expensive on a less capable CPU, which is what
I guess you mean. Bottom line is that this can be treated the same as 
the issue as I raised in my last mail (provisioning).

Stephen.


-- 
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Stephen Farrell         				   
Baltimore Technologies,   tel: (direct line) +353 1 881 6716
39 Parkgate Street,                     fax: +353 1 881 7000
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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 04:36:26 2001
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From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Cc: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ Request-Type AVP???
Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 10:36:30 +0200
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Hi,

Looking at the NASREQ Request-Type AVP, I would appreciate if 
someone could give me his interpretation of the following 
possible values for the Request-Type AVP.

>>
      AUTHENTICATE_ONLY          1
         The request being sent is for authentication only, and MUST
         contain the relevant authentication AVPs that are needed by the
         Diameter server to authenticate the user. 
<<

Since the specification says that it should not be permitted to
authenticate-only a session, and then authorize-only the same session,
I was wondering for what that value could really be useful?
Should that Request-Type value be only used when answering a AA-Request 
Challenge?

That also suggests that a scenario in which an authenticate-only
followed by an authorize-only for the same session does not
seem to be a valid one between a NAS and a AAA server, right?
Then, AA-request with Authenticate-Only for sessions that are
not already started should simply be rejected. What result-code
should be used? DIAMETER_UNKNOWN_SESSION_ID?, or 
DIAMETER_AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED?

Also, when a session is already started,
should we consider the session to be renewed in terms of Authorization-
Lifetime, when it is received? I think that it should not be renewed, 
since only a re-authorization request should renew the authorization-
lifetime, unless it is in response to a challenge sent by the AAA server,
to re-authenticate, right?

>>
      AUTHORIZE_ONLY             2
         The request being sent is for authorization only, and MUST
         contain the authorization AVPs that are necessary to identify
         the service being requested/offered.
<<

I guess that a new session should then be started, if not already started. 
Also, when it is
already started, such a request should renew the lease for the authorization,
which means the Authorization-Lifetime. Normally, that should be received
when a request for a tunnel is made, which I guess means that the NAS should
have known in advance that the request would be tunnelled???, and also
possibly for re-authorization of an existing session. 

Should such requests be rejected when received in the AAA for which no tunnel 
is defined and no session is already started?

By the way, when a AA-Request is received in a AAA server without a User-Name,
but containing either a Called-Station-Id or a Calling-Station-Id, is it
implicit that tunnelling should be defined in the receiving AAA node or not?
The thing is that I am wondering if it is possible for a AAA proxy server to
forward an AA-Request based on DNI or ANIS? Is it common practice?
Since the specification considers that the allowed usage of those fields is outside
its scope, I guess it does not have to be reserved for tunnel, but I´m not sure??


BR,
Martin




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 04:57:03 2001
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To: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ Request-Type AVP???
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
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At 10:36 11/06/01, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
>Hi,
>
>Looking at the NASREQ Request-Type AVP, I would appreciate if
>someone could give me his interpretation of the following
>possible values for the Request-Type AVP.
>
> >>
>       AUTHENTICATE_ONLY          1
>          The request being sent is for authentication only, and MUST
>          contain the relevant authentication AVPs that are needed by the
>          Diameter server to authenticate the user.
><<
>
>Since the specification says that it should not be permitted to
>authenticate-only a session, and then authorize-only the same session,
>I was wondering for what that value could really be useful?
>Should that Request-Type value be only used when answering a AA-Request
>Challenge?

The nasreq draft indeed says in 3.1.1:
    It is possible for a single session to be authorized only first, then
    followed by an authentication request. However, the inverse SHOULD
    NOT be permitted.

I quite think that somebody meant the opposite (e.g. TAC+ to Diameter 
gateway where authentication and authorization are two different steps, 
done in that order). On cannot authorize a user which hasn't been 
authenticated yet.

The other possibility is that some authorization is granted first (e.g. 
based on calling/called numbers to authorize a NAS to accept an ISDN call), 
then authentication and authorization again (using PPP and some PPP 
authentication method). But I'm not quite sure both would be linked to the 
same session, actually, since it would be two different services?

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 07:14:36 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 13:10:35 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Request & answer routing clarification
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: E
Priority: 2
Section: throughout 5.x
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

It is necessary to clarify the use of Destination-Realm & Destination-Host 
in Request routing.

If I finally got it right, Destination-Host is used only to target a 
specific host within a number of servers serving a given realm. This is 
achieved by sending to that host when said host is in the peer table, 
otherwise Destination-Realm is used. When reading the draft, it looks like 
it is used to talk directly from the client to the specified server.

Should be described early in 5.0, not be spread over 5.0, 5.1, 5.2.

This is also somewhat linked to the proposed text for issue 56 (flag bit 
for start of conversation).

It is also necessary to clarify the following points for answer routing:
- it is completely different from request routing
- no Destination-Realm should be present

Other misc. changes:
- add default routing table entry description.
- change "Domain" to "Realm"
- clarify actions on origination and sending of message, including saving 
pending requests

Requested change:

Sorry, a bit long. The important changes are:
- added overview in 5.1, with 3 cases for Destination-Realm & Destination-Host
- added sections 5.1.1 & 5.1.2 about originated and sending a request
- separated request (5.1.x) and answer (5.2.x) processing & routing
- used "request" rather than message where it is needed to clarify things
- moved answer generation to 5.2
- changed "domain" to "realm" in routing table
- added default routing table entry discussion

The rest is mainly renumbering and moving stuff around.

Replace sections 5.0 to 5.3.5 with:

5.0  Diameter message processing

    This section describes how Diameter requests and answers are created
    and processed.

5.1  Diameter request routing overview

    A request is sent towards its final destination using a combination
    of the Destination-Realm and Destination-Host AVPs, in one of these
    three combinations:
       - a request that is not proxiable (such as CER) MUST NOT contain
	either Destination-Realm or Destination-Host AVPs.
       - a request that needs to be sent to a home server serving a
	specific realm, but not to a specific server (such as the first
	request of a series of round-trips), MUST contain a
	Destination-Realm AVP, but MUST NOT contain a Destination-Host
	AVP.
       - a request that needs to be sent to a specific home server among
	those serving a given realm, MUST contain both the
	Destination-Realm and Destination-Host AVPs.

    The Destination-Host AVP is used as described above when the
    destination of the request is fixed, which includes:
       - Authentication requests that span multiple round trips
       - A Diameter request that uses a security mechanism that makes use
	of a pre-established session key shared between the source and
	the final destination of the request.
       - Server initiated requests that MUST be received by a specific
	Diameter client (e.g. access device), such as the Abort-
	Session-Request message, which is used to request that a
	particular user's session be terminated.

    Note that an agent can forward a request to a host described in the
    Destination-Host AVP only if said host is included in its peer table
    (see sections 5.1.4 and 5.1.5). Otherwise, the request is routed
    based on the Destination-Realm only (see sections 5.1.6 and 5.1.7).

    The Destination-Realm AVP MUST be present if the request is routable.
    A request that MUST NOT be relayed, proxied or redirected MUST NOT
    include the Destination-Realm in its ABNF. The value of the
    Destination-Realm AVP MAY be extracted from the User-Name AVP, or
    other application-specific methods.

    When a request is received, the message is processed in the following
    order:
       1. If the request is destined for the local host, the procedures
       listed in section 5.1.1 are followed.
       2. If the request is intended for a Diameter peer with whom the
       local host is able to directly communicate with, the procedures
       listed in section 5.1.2 are followed. This is known as Message
       Forwarding.
       3. The procedures listed in section 5.1.4 are followed, which is
       known as Message Routing.
       4. If none of the above are successful, an answer is returned with
       the Result-Code set to DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER.

    Note the processing rules contained in this section are intended to
    be used as general guidelines to Diameter developers. Certain
    implementations MAY use different methods than the ones described
    here, and still be in compliance with the protocol specification.


5.1.1  Originating a Request

    When creating a request, on top of any other procedures described in
    the application definition for that specific request, the following
    procedures MUST be followed:
       - the Command-Code should be set to the appropriate value
       - the 'R' bit should be set
       - the End-to-End Identifier should be set to a locally unique
	value
       - the Origin-Host and Origin-Realm AVPs MUST be set to the
	appropriate values, used to identify the source of the message
       - the Destination-Host and Destination-Realm AVPs MUST be set to
	the appropriate values as described in section 5.1.


5.1.2  Sending a Request

    When sending a request, either originated locally, or as the result
    of a forwarding or routing operation, the following procedures MUST
    be followed:
       - the Hop-by-Hop Identifier should be set to a locally unique
	value
       - the message should be saved in the list of pending requests

    Other actions to perform on the message based on the particular role
    the agent is playing are described in the following sections.


5.1.3  Processing Local Requests

    A request is known to be for local comsumption when one of the
    following conditions occur:
       - The Destination-Host AVP contains the local host's identity,
       - The Destination-Host AVP is not present, the Destination-Realm
	AVP contains a realm the server is configured to process
	locally, and the Diameter application is locally supported, or
       - The Destination-Realm AVP is not present.

    When a request is locally processed, the rules in section 5.2 should
    be used to generate the associated answer.


5.1.4  Request Forwarding

    Request forwarding is done using the Diameter Peer Table. The
    Diameter peer table contains all of the peers that the local node is
    able to directly communicate with.

    When a request is received, and the host encoded in the Destination-
    Host AVP is one that is present in the peer table, the message SHOULD
    be forwarded to the peer.


5.1.5  Peer Table

    The Diameter Peer Table is used in message forwarding, and referenced
    by the Domain Routing Table. A Peer Table entry contains the
    following fields:
       - Host descriptor, as defined in section 2.7. This MAY be resolved
	locally, or known via the CER or CEA message.
       - TLS Enabled. Specifies whether TLS is to be used when
         communicating with the peer.
       - Security informations (keys, certificates...) as appropriate.


5.1.6  Request Routing

    Diameter request message routing is done via realms. A Diameter
    message that is proxyable MUST include the target realm in the
    Destination-Realm AVP. The realm MAY be retrieved from the User-Name
    AVP, which is in the form of a Network Access Identifier (NAI). The
    realm portion of the NAI is inserted in the Destination-Realm AVP.

    Diameter agents have a list of locally supported realms, and MAY have
    a list of externally supported realms. When a request is received
    that includes a realm that is not locally supported, the message is
    routed to the peer configured in the Domain Routing Table table (see
    following section).


5.1.7  Realm-Based Routing Table

    All Realm-Based routing lookups are performed against what is
    commonly known as the Realm Routing Table (see section 16.0). A
    Realm Routing Table Entry contains the following fields:
       - Realm Name. This is the field that is typically used as a
         primary key in the routing table lookups. Note that some
         implementations perform their lookups based on longest-match-
         from-the-right on the realm rather than requiring an exact
         match.
       - Application Identifier. It is possible for a routing entry to
         have a different destination based on the Acct-Application-Id
         (for accounting messages) or Auth-Application-Id (for non-
         accounting messages) of the message. This field is typically
         used as a secondary key field in routing table lookups.
       - Local Action. The Local Action field is used to identify how a
         message should be treated. The following actions are supported:
            1. LOCAL - Diameter messages that resolve to a routing entry
               with the Local Action set to Local can be satisfied
               locally, and do not need to be routed to another server.
            2. RELAY - All Diameter messages that fall within this
	      category MUST be routed to a next hop server, without
	      modifying any non-routing AVPs. See section 5.1.9 for
	      relaying guidelines
            3. PROXY - All Diameter messages that fall within this
               category MUST be routed to a next hop server. The local
               server MAY apply its local policies to the message by
               including new AVPs to the message prior to routing. See
               section 5.1.9 for relaying guidelines.
            4. REDIRECT - Diameter messages that fall within this
               category MUST have the identity of the home Diameter
               server(s) appended, and returned to the sender of the
               message. See section 5.1.8 for redirect guidelines.
       - Server Identifier - One or more servers the message is to be
         routed to.  These servers MUST also be present in the Peer
         table. When the Local Action is set to RELAY or PROXY, this
         field contains the identity of the server(s) the message must be
         routed to. When the Local Action field is set to REDIRECT, this
         field contains the identity of one or more servers the message
         should be redirected to.

    It is important to note that Diameter agents MUST support at least
    one of the LOCAL, RELAY, PROXY or REDIRECT modes of operation. Agents
    do not need to support all modes of operation in order to conform
    with the protocol specification, but MUST follow the protocol
    compliance guidelines in section 2.0. Relay agents MUST NOT reorder
    AVPs, and proxies SHOULD NOT reorder AVPs.

    The routing table MAY include a default entry which MUST be used for
    any requests not matching any of the other entries. The routing table
    MAY consist of only such an entry.

    When a request is routed, the target server MUST have advertised the
    Application Identifier (see section 6.1) for the given message, or
    have advertised itself as a relay or proxy agent.


5.1.8  Redirecting requests

[... unchanged from 5.3.2 in current draft ...]

5.1.9  Relaying and Proxying Requests

[... unchanged from 5.3.3 in current draft ...]

5.2  Diameter Answer Processing

    When an request is locally processed, the following procedures MUST
    be applied to create the associated answer, in addition to any
    additional procedures that MAY be discussed in the Diameter
    application defining the command:

       - The same Hop-by-Hop identifier in the request is used in the
         answer.
       - The local host's identity is encoded in the Origin-Host AVP.
       - The value of the Origin-Host AVP in the request is included in
         the answer's Destination-Host AVP.
       - There MUST NOT be any Destination-Realm AVP present in the
	answer.
       - The Result-Code AVP is added with its value indicating success
         or failure.
       - If the Session-Id is present in the request, it MUST be included
         in the answer.
       - Any Route-Record or Proxy-Info AVPs in the request MUST be added
         to the answer message, in the same order they were present in
         the request.


5.2.1  Processing received Answers

    A diameter client or proxy MUST match the Hop-by-Hop Identifier in an
    answer received against the list of pending requests. The
    corresponding message should be removed from the list of pending
    requests. It SHOULD ignore answers received that do not match a
    known Hop-by-Hop Identifier.


5.2.2  Relaying and Proxying Answers

    A relay or proxy agent MUST only process Answers whose last Route-
    Record AVP matches one of its identities. Any answers that do not
    conform to this rule MUST be dropped. The last Route-Record AVP MUST
    be removed from the message before it is forwarded to the next hop,
    which is identified by the second to last Route-Record AVP.

    If the host in the Destination-Host AVP is in the peer table and
    there are no Route-Record AVPs in the message, the message MUST be
    forwarded to the peer.

    If the last Proxy-Info AVP in the message is targeted to the local
    Diameter server, the AVP MUST be removed.

    If a relay or proxy agent receives an answer with a Result-Code AVP
    indicating a failure, it MUST NOT modify the contents of the AVP. Any
    additional local errors detected SHOULD be logged, but not reflected
    in the Result-Code AVP. If the agent receives an answer message with
    a Result-Code AVP indicating success, and it wishes to modify the AVP
    to indicate an error, it MUST issue an STR on behalf of the access
    device.

    Prior to forwarding the answer, the agent MUST restore the original
    value of the Diameter header's Hop-by-Hop Identifier field.


5.3  Hiding Network Topology

    A Relay or Proxy agent routing messages outside of their
    administrative domain MAY need to hide the internal Diameter
    topology. This is done by removing all Route-Record AVPs in a
    request, and later adding them back into the corresponding answer, in
    the same order. Such agents MUST take care to not assume that the
    absence of any Route-Record AVPs implies the message is for local
    comsumption.



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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 07:54:30 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 13:50:00 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Do not use Route-Record for answer routing
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 5.x
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Currently, relays/proxies are supposed to use a combination of Route-Record 
and Destination-Host to route answers back to the client. On the other 
hand, they need to save pending requests, including the local Hop-by-Hop 
identifier they assigned, and the original Hop-by-Hop identifier.

I propose to add the host the request was received from to the state 
information. Then we can remove Route-Record AVPs from answers, and use 
saved state information for answer routing. Route-Record AVPs would be used 
only in requests to perform loop checking.

Note that both the original Hop-by-Hop Identifier and the host the request 
was received from could be saved in a Proxy-State AVP, but since the whole 
request needs to be saved in the pending request list, I'm not really sure 
the Proxy-State AVP is useful at all?

Destination-Host would not be needed in answers either.

Requested changes:

[as this touches the same sections as the issue "Request & answer routing 
clarification" I just sent, this is based on the changes I sent, not the 
current draft]

In 5.1.9  Relaying and Proxying requests, add:
    The host the request was received from is also saved.

after the "The Hop-by-Hop identifier in the request is saved...".

In Figure 6, remove the Destination-Host and Route-Record AVPs on the bottom.

In 5.2  Diameter Answer Processing, replace:
       - The value of the Origin-Host AVP in the request is included in
         the answer's Destination-Host AVP.
       - There MUST NOT be any Destination-Realm AVP present in the
	answer.
with:
       - There MUST NOT be any Destination-Realm or Destination-Host AVPs
	present in the answer.

and replace:
       - Any Route-Record or Proxy-Info AVPs in the request MUST be added
         to the answer message, in the same order they were present in
         the request.
with:
       - Any Proxy-Info AVPs in the request MUST be added to the answer
	message, in the same order they were present in the request.

Replace:
5.2.2  Relaying and Proxying Answers

    A relay or proxy agent MUST only process Answers whose last Route-
    Record AVP matches one of its identities. Any answers that do not
    conform to this rule MUST be dropped. The last Route-Record AVP MUST
    be removed from the message before it is forwarded to the next hop,
    which is identified by the second to last Route-Record AVP.

    If the host in the Destination-Host AVP is in the peer table and
    there are no Route-Record AVPs in the message, the message MUST be
    forwarded to the peer.

    If the last Proxy-Info AVP in the message is targeted to the local
    Diameter server, the AVP MUST be removed.

    If a relay or proxy agent receives an answer with a Result-Code AVP
    indicating a failure, it MUST NOT modify the contents of the AVP. Any
    additional local errors detected SHOULD be logged, but not reflected
    in the Result-Code AVP. If the agent receives an answer message with
    a Result-Code AVP indicating success, and it wishes to modify the AVP
    to indicate an error, it MUST issue an STR on behalf of the access
    device.

    Prior to forwarding the answer, the agent MUST restore the original
    value of the Diameter header's Hop-by-Hop Identifier field.

With:
5.2.2  Relaying and Proxying Answers

    If the answer is for a request which was proxied or relayed, the agent
    MUST restore the original value of the Diameter header's Hop-by-Hop
    Identifier field.

    If the last Proxy-Info AVP in the message is targeted to the local
    Diameter server, the AVP MUST be removed before the answer is forwarded.

    The agent MUST then send the answer to the host which it received the
    original request from.

    If a relay or proxy agent receives an answer with a Result-Code AVP
    indicating a failure, it MUST NOT modify the contents of the AVP. Any
    additional local errors detected SHOULD be logged, but not reflected
    in the Result-Code AVP. If the agent receives an answer message with
    a Result-Code AVP indicating success, and it wishes to modify the AVP
    to indicate an error, it MUST issue an STR on behalf of the access
    device.

Replace:
5.3  Hiding Network Topology

    A Relay or Proxy agent routing messages outside of their
    administrative domain MAY need to hide the internal Diameter
    topology. This is done by removing all Route-Record AVPs in a
    request, and later adding them back into the corresponding answer, in
    the same order. Such agents MUST take care to not assume that the
    absence of any Route-Record AVPs implies the message is for local
    comsumption.

With:
5.3  Hiding Network Topology

    A Relay or Proxy agent routing messages outside of their
    administrative domain MAY need to hide the internal Diameter
    topology. This is done by removing all Route-Record AVPs in a
    request.

In 5.6  Destination-Host AVP, replace:
    The Destination-Host AVP (AVP Code 293) is of type OctetString,
    encoded in the UTF-8 [24] format, according to the Diameter identity
    rules defined in section 2.7. This AVP MUST be present in all
    unsolicited agent initiated messages, MAY be present in request
    messages, and MUST be present in Answer messages. The value of the
    Destination-Host AVP is set to the value of the Origin-Host AVP found
    in a message from the intended target host.

with:
    The Destination-Host AVP (AVP Code 293) is of type OctetString,
    encoded in the UTF-8 [24] format, according to the Diameter identity
    rules defined in section 2.7. This AVP MUST be present in all
    unsolicited agent initiated messages, MAY be present in request
    messages, and MUST NOT be present in Answer messages.

Other changes may be required in 14.1 and 14.2 to reflect this.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 07:54:47 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 13:52:47 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Request & answer routing clarification
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I forgot to mention in the changes that I also modified the peer table 
description to use Host descriptors rather than host name, port, and 
protocol independently.

At 13:10 11/06/01, Jacques Caron wrote:
>Submitter name: Jacques Caron
>Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
>Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
>Reference:
>Document: Base
>Comment type: E
>Priority: 2
>Section: throughout 5.x
>Rationale/Explanation of issue:

[...]

>5.1.5  Peer Table
>
>    The Diameter Peer Table is used in message forwarding, and referenced
>    by the Domain Routing Table. A Peer Table entry contains the
>    following fields:
>       - Host descriptor, as defined in section 2.7. This MAY be resolved
>            locally, or known via the CER or CEA message.
>       - TLS Enabled. Specifies whether TLS is to be used when
>         communicating with the peer.
>       - Security informations (keys, certificates...) as appropriate.

Jacques.


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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 14:08:39 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Unsolicited server-to-client requests
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 5.x
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

The draft is unclear about how unsolicited server-to-client requests are 
routed. It says Destination-Host should be used, but does not say anything 
about Destination-Realm.

I see the following options:
1. Use the Origin-Realm received in previous requests as the 
Destination-Realm.
However, it raises the issue of asymmetrical routing, and thus proxies not 
being able to track session state accurately

2. Do some kind of source-based routing (saving the Route-Records from a 
previous request and using that to route the unsolicited request to the 
client). Is a problem with network topology hiding proxies. Those might be 
forced to be stateful and save route-records on a per-session basis.

3. Have the client send a certificate in the original request, so that 
servers can then send unsolicited requests directly. It should then be 
compulsory for the client to send requests towards the server to update 
session state in the proxies if the server requests modifies state in any 
way. Raises the issue of proxies that might want to "authorize" 
server-to-client requests first, though.

Comments, suggestions?

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 08:27:45 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 14:27:27 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Hi,

Coming a bit late into that discussion, but I just had a quick comment...

If we need to make sure we have only one TCP connection between two hosts, 
why not use the same port as source as the one we're listening on? Since 
TCP connections must be unique based on (souce addr, source port, dest 
addr, dest port), and only on that, it should make the problem trivial?

Still don't know whether we should have one single connection (better for 
congestion avoidance) or multiple ones (to avoid head of line blocking). 
Maybe this should be left as a configuration switch (as depending on the 
particular circumstances, one or the other might be better), the 
consequence of which could simply be to use the assigned port as source 
port or keep the random one.

Just my EUR 0.02.

Jacques.

At 19:43 05/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>Having said that, for those of you have have seen my comments to the transport
>draft, that spec implies that a AAA protocol MUST allow multiple connections
>between peers for non SCTP transports in order to minimize head of line
>blocking.
>
>Now that's is completely against what we've been doing in the base protocol
>spec, so what do folks think we should do? Single or multiple connections?
>
>PatC


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 09:43:00 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 02:27:27PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Coming a bit late into that discussion, but I just had a quick comment...
> 
> If we need to make sure we have only one TCP connection between two hosts, 
> why not use the same port as source as the one we're listening on? Since 
> TCP connections must be unique based on (souce addr, source port, dest 
> addr, dest port), and only on that, it should make the problem trivial?

Because that would not allow multiple processes on a box, since the second
Diameter process wouldn't be able to bind to the necessary port.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 09:49:55 2001
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From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Jacques,

On Mon, 11 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> Coming a bit late into that discussion, but I just had a quick comment...
> 
> If we need to make sure we have only one TCP connection between two hosts, 
> why not use the same port as source as the one we're listening on? Since 
> TCP connections must be unique based on (souce addr, source port, dest 
> addr, dest port), and only on that, it should make the problem trivial?

The problem is that you can't accept and connect using the
same source port.  

We also want to be able to support two Diameter servers on the
same host.

> 
> Still don't know whether we should have one single connection (better for 
> congestion avoidance) or multiple ones (to avoid head of line blocking). 
> Maybe this should be left as a configuration switch (as depending on the 
> particular circumstances, one or the other might be better), the 
> consequence of which could simply be to use the assigned port as source 
> port or keep the random one.
> 

I hear a lot of talk of head of line blocking.  Exactly what
does that mean?  I can think of two instances that don't require
multiple connections to fix it.  Is there something that would?

1. One packet takes 10 times as long as another packet to
   broadcast, thus backing up all the other packets?
   - Either use SCTP, or speed up the physical layer.

2. The server takes a long time to process incoming packets.
   - If this is as fast as the server goes, multiple connections
     won't help.
   - If the server takes a long time to process one type of
     packet, add extra threads to process the other packets.

-mark

> Just my EUR 0.02.
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> At 19:43 05/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >Having said that, for those of you have have seen my comments to the transport
> >draft, that spec implies that a AAA protocol MUST allow multiple connections
> >between peers for non SCTP transports in order to minimize head of line
> >blocking.
> >
> >Now that's is completely against what we've been doing in the base protocol
> >spec, so what do folks think we should do? Single or multiple connections?
> >
> >PatC
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 10:14:13 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
Cc: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 09:44:28AM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> I hear a lot of talk of head of line blocking.  Exactly what
> does that mean?  I can think of two instances that don't require
> multiple connections to fix it.  Is there something that would?
> 
> 1. One packet takes 10 times as long as another packet to
>    broadcast, thus backing up all the other packets?
>    - Either use SCTP, or speed up the physical layer.
> 
> 2. The server takes a long time to process incoming packets.
>    - If this is as fast as the server goes, multiple connections
>      won't help.
>    - If the server takes a long time to process one type of
>      packet, add extra threads to process the other packets.

I think the basic idea was to simulate SCTP streams by opening up
multiple TCP connections. In any case, we've already agreed that
this will not be done in Diameter.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 10:38:24 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 16:37:28 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 15:32 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 02:27:27PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > Coming a bit late into that discussion, but I just had a quick comment...
> >
> > If we need to make sure we have only one TCP connection between two hosts,
> > why not use the same port as source as the one we're listening on? Since
> > TCP connections must be unique based on (souce addr, source port, dest
> > addr, dest port), and only on that, it should make the problem trivial?
>
>Because that would not allow multiple processes on a box, since the second
>Diameter process wouldn't be able to bind to the necessary port.

Well, to have multiple processes on a box, you surely need to use different 
ports (and/or IP addresses), and then you can have as many processes as you 
want?

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 11:17:54 2001
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> On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 09:44:28AM -0400, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > I hear a lot of talk of head of line blocking.  Exactly what
> > does that mean?  I can think of two instances that don't require
> > multiple connections to fix it.  Is there something that would?
> > 
> > 1. One packet takes 10 times as long as another packet to
> >    broadcast, thus backing up all the other packets?
> >    - Either use SCTP, or speed up the physical layer.
> > 
> > 2. The server takes a long time to process incoming packets.
> >    - If this is as fast as the server goes, multiple connections
> >      won't help.
> >    - If the server takes a long time to process one type of
> >      packet, add extra threads to process the other packets.
> 

It should be kept in mind that head of line blocking will
only occur when the time between requests is less than RTO, and
where timeouts are present. Thus, the problem will only manifest  on large
NASes where mechanisms such as fast re-transmit, SACK, or
limited-transmit cannot avoid a timeout.  

For a NAS communicating with a server through an agent, a slow server
will not create a head of line blocking problem. This is because the
agent will ACK at the transport layer, and will also respond to
Watchdog messages. The server application response will not be returned
in a timely way, but this will not result in failover or inability of
the NAS to send additional requests. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 11:52:20 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 17:51:04 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Destination-Realm & proxies/relays
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 5.x
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Destination-Realm is used to route messages towards the home server. In a 
"normal" situation (i.e. authentication of a user with a NAI-formatted 
User-Name), the realm is extracted from the User-Name by the NAS. However, 
in some cases (e.g. authorization based on called/calling number), a proxy 
might create the Destination-Realm AVP itself.

This is incompatible with the fact that a message without a 
Destination-Realm should not be proxied.

Possible options:
1. Create a flag in the message header to specify that a message is not 
proxiable.
2. Create different classes for "protocol" messages (all not proxiable?) 
and for "application" messages.
3. Define a dummy realm to be included in messages where the "real" realm 
is to be inserted later on?

It is also necessary to clarify the wording regarding where the 
Destination-Realm is created and how.

Requested changes:
pending discussion and selection of one of the above options.

Comments/suggestions welcome.

Jacques.


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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 09:27:03 -0700 (PDT)
From: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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> At 15:32 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 02:27:27PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > Hi,
> > >
> > > Coming a bit late into that discussion, but I just had a quick comment...
> > >
> > > If we need to make sure we have only one TCP connection between two hosts,
> > > why not use the same port as source as the one we're listening on? Since
> > > TCP connections must be unique based on (souce addr, source port, dest
> > > addr, dest port), and only on that, it should make the problem trivial?
> >
> >Because that would not allow multiple processes on a box, since the second
> >Diameter process wouldn't be able to bind to the necessary port.
> 
> Well, to have multiple processes on a box, you surely need to use different 
> ports (and/or IP addresses), and then you can have as many processes as you 
> want?

Ah, then you are suggesting that both sides know that multiple processes are
used, and be configured for each process by a common port number. This seems
like alot of configuration to me :(

PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 12:51:19 2001
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To: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 18:27 11/06/01, Patrice Calhoun wrote:
> > At 15:32 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 02:27:27PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > > Hi,
> > > >
> > > > Coming a bit late into that discussion, but I just had a quick 
> comment...
> > > >
> > > > If we need to make sure we have only one TCP connection between two 
> hosts,
> > > > why not use the same port as source as the one we're listening on? 
> Since
> > > > TCP connections must be unique based on (souce addr, source port, dest
> > > > addr, dest port), and only on that, it should make the problem trivial?
> > >
> > >Because that would not allow multiple processes on a box, since the second
> > >Diameter process wouldn't be able to bind to the necessary port.
> >
> > Well, to have multiple processes on a box, you surely need to use 
> different
> > ports (and/or IP addresses), and then you can have as many processes as 
> you
> > want?
>
>Ah, then you are suggesting that both sides know that multiple processes are
>used, and be configured for each process by a common port number. This seems
>like alot of configuration to me :(

Errrr? Whatever happens, if you have multiple processes on the same box, 
they will have different port numbers, and their peers need to know that 
(that's part of the Host descricptor thing)...

The only thing I say is: "if you want to make sure only one connection is 
established, use the port number you're listening on as your source port 
also". Indeed, that would need to be done on the processes on both sides of 
the connection that is wished to be unique, but that is totally independent 
from the fact that one or multiple processes are running on any given box.

I just ran a very small test, which shows this:

1. I have a process listening for requests on port 1812 on the local box:
unix14: {121} netstat -anf inet | grep 1812
tcp        0      0  *.1812                 *.*                    LISTEN

2. I also have a process listening for requests on port 1812 on some remote 
box.

3. I then connect from the local box (using source port 1812) to the remote 
box (on port 1812 of course):

unix14: {123} netstat -anf inet | grep 1812
tcp        0      0  194.2.222.14.1812      194.150.27.98.1812     ESTABLISHED
tcp        0      0  *.1812                 *.*                    LISTEN

4. If I try to connect from the remote box (port 1812) to the local box 
(port 1812), it fails (Address already in use).

Of course, none of this is relevant if we actually want multiple 
connections, but I have to admit I'm completely lost on the final result of 
that part of the discussion...

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 12:55:28 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Various editorial changes
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First, thanks for taking the time to read the base protocol in the level of detail
that is necessary to catch these bugs.

Please see my comments below.

>        OctetString
>           The data contains arbitrary data of variable length. Unless
>           otherwise noted, the AVP Length field MUST be set to at least 8
>           (12 if the 'V' bit is enabled).  Data used to transmit (human
>           readable) character string data uses the UTF-8 [24] character
>           set and is NOT NULL-terminated. The minimum Length field MUST
>           be 9, but can be set to any value up to 2^24-20=16777196 bytes.
>           AVP Values of this type that do not align on a 32-bit boundary
>           MUST have the necessary padding.

Actually a previous fix for the subtypes eliminated the maximum length
in the OctetString (not sure why). So we still want to state the obvious?

> With:
>     When two Diameter peers establish a transport connection, they MUST
>     exchange the Capabilities Exchange messages, as specified in the peer
>     state machine (see section 8.0). This message allows the discovery of
>     both the peer's identity, and its capabilities, such as the supported
>     protocol version number, the locally supported Diameter applications,
>     etc.

I've come up with the following (which I think reads a little better):

"When two Diameter peers establish a transport connection, they MUST 
exchange the Capabilities Exchange messages, as specified in the peer 
state machine (see section 8.0). This message allows the discovery of 
a peer's identity and its capabilities (protocol version number, supported
Diameter applications, etc.)"

Thanks again,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 13:07:27 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Downstream/upstream confusion
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All,

The current base protocol spec states that upstream is towards the home server, and
downstream is towards the client.

Do people see a need to invert the two, as Jacques suggests?

PatC

On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 01:11:01AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Submitter name: Jacques Caron
> Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
> Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
> Reference:
> Document: Base
> Comment type: E
> Priority: 1
> Section: throughout
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> The terms "upstream" and "downstream" are not used consistently. Even the 
> definitions seem contrary to logic: things usually flow from upstream to 
> downstream, so upstream should be towards the client, and downstream 
> towards the home server.
> 
> Requested changes:
> 
> In 1.3 Terminology, replace:
>     Downstream Server
>        Diameter Proxy servers identify a downstream server as one that is
>        providing routing services towards the Diameter client.
> 
> with:
>     Downstream Server
>        Diameter Proxy servers identify a downstream server as one that is
>        providing routing services towards the home server for a
>        particular message.
> 
> and replace:
>     Upstream Server
>        Diameter Proxy servers identify an upstream server as one that is
>        providing routing services towards the home server for a
>        particular message.
> 
> with:
>     Upstream Server
>        Diameter Proxy servers identify an upstream server as one that is
>        providing routing services towards the Diameter client.
> 
> In 2.5.2 Proxy Agents, replace:
>     Similarly to Relays, Proxy agents route Diameter messages using the
>     Diameter Routing Table. However, they differ since they modify
>     messages to implement policy enforcement. This requires that proxies
>     maintain the state of their downstream peers (e.g. access devices) to
>     enforce resource usage, provide admission control, and provisioning.
> 
> with:
>     Similarly to Relays, Proxy agents route Diameter messages using the
>     Diameter Routing Table. However, they differ since they modify
>     messages to implement policy enforcement. This requires that proxies
>     maintain the state of their upstream peers (e.g. access devices) to
>     enforce resource usage, provide admission control, and provisioning.
> 
> In 6.0 Capabilities Exchange, replace:
>     Since the CER/CEA messages cannot be proxied, it is still possible
>     that an upstream proxy receives a message for which it has no
>     available peers to handle the application that corresponds to the
>     Command-Code. In such instances, the Message-Reject-Answer message is
>     used (see Section 9.2.1) to inform the downstream to take action
>     (e.g. re-routing request to an alternate peer).
> 
> With:
>     Since the CER/CEA messages cannot be proxied, it is still possible
>     that a downstream proxy receives a message for which it has no
>     available peers to handle the application that corresponds to the
>     Command-Code. In such instances, the Message-Reject-Answer message is
>     used (see Section 9.2.1) to inform the upstream to take action
>     (e.g. re-routing request to an alternate peer).
> 
> In 9.0, Error Handling, replace:
>     Figure 4 provides an example of a message forwarded upstream by a
>     Diameter relay. When the message is received by Relay 2, and it
>     detects that it cannot forward the request to the home server, an MRA
>     message is returned with the Result-Code AVP set to
>     DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER. Given that this error falls within the
>     protocol error category, Relay 1 would take special action, and given
>     the error, attempt to route the message through its alternate Relay
>     3.
> 
> with:
>     Figure 4 provides an example of a message forwarded downstream by a
>     Diameter relay. When the message is received by Relay 2, and it
>     detects that it cannot forward the request to the home server, an MRA
>     message is returned with the Result-Code AVP set to
>     DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER. Given that this error falls within the
>     protocol error category, Relay 1 would take special action, and given
>     the error, attempt to route the message through its alternate Relay
>     3.
> 
> Alternatively, leave the definitions as they are (though I don't understand 
> them?) and fix down/upstream in 6.2 and 10.10.


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010611183231.00bd18d0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 06:50:44PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 06:50:44PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> >Ah, then you are suggesting that both sides know that multiple processes are
> >used, and be configured for each process by a common port number. This seems
> >like alot of configuration to me :(
> 
> Errrr? Whatever happens, if you have multiple processes on the same box, 
> they will have different port numbers, and their peers need to know that 
> (that's part of the Host descricptor thing)...

Sorry, it appears as if I lost your train of thought. Let me try again.

> 
> The only thing I say is: "if you want to make sure only one connection is 
> established, use the port number you're listening on as your source port 
> also". Indeed, that would need to be done on the processes on both sides of 
> the connection that is wished to be unique, but that is totally independent 
> from the fact that one or multiple processes are running on any given box.
> 
> I just ran a very small test, which shows this:
> 
> 1. I have a process listening for requests on port 1812 on the local box:
> unix14: {121} netstat -anf inet | grep 1812
> tcp        0      0  *.1812                 *.*                    LISTEN
> 
> 2. I also have a process listening for requests on port 1812 on some remote 
> box.
> 
> 3. I then connect from the local box (using source port 1812) to the remote 
> box (on port 1812 of course):
> 
> unix14: {123} netstat -anf inet | grep 1812
> tcp        0      0  194.2.222.14.1812      194.150.27.98.1812     ESTABLISHED
> tcp        0      0  *.1812                 *.*                    LISTEN
> 
> 4. If I try to connect from the remote box (port 1812) to the local box 
> (port 1812), it fails (Address already in use).

But what if the remote box was periodically trying to connect to the local
box? That would always fail with 'Address already in use', since you'd already
bound a file descriptor on port 1812 for listening.

So we need to listen for connections, and initiate connections as well. We need
to allow for multiple connections to multiple peers, all listening on the
same port.

PatC


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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 12:12:07 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Proposed for 26, 38 and 48
Message-ID: <20010611121207.J17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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On Fri, Jun 08, 2001 at 10:10:25AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> The Session-Binding AVP and the Session-Server-Failover AVP both suggests
> the same thing. The former suggest that if it has a non-zero value the
> Destination-Host AVP should NOT be present and the latter says that if the
> former has a non-zero value it should try without the Destination-Host AVP.

[proposed text deleted]

Fredrik,

I accept your proposed text, with a minor grammatical change. It will appear
in version -06 of the base protocol, and I believe that we can now close
this issue.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:12:04 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 16:14:13 -0400
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
From: "David Mitton" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>,
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At 6/11/01 01:38 PM -0400, Pat Calhoun wrote:

>On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 06:50:44PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > >Ah, then you are suggesting that both sides know that multiple 
> processes are
> > >used, and be configured for each process by a common port number. This 
> seems
> > >like alot of configuration to me :(
> >
> > Errrr? Whatever happens, if you have multiple processes on the same box,
> > they will have different port numbers, and their peers need to know that
> > (that's part of the Host descricptor thing)...

yes, if you want this difficult situation, you will have to figure out how 
to configure it.


><snip...>
> > 4. If I try to connect from the remote box (port 1812) to the local box
> > (port 1812), it fails (Address already in use).
>
>But what if the remote box was periodically trying to connect to the local
>box? That would always fail with 'Address already in use', since you'd 
>already
>bound a file descriptor on port 1812 for listening.
>
>So we need to listen for connections, and initiate connections as well. We 
>need
>to allow for multiple connections to multiple peers, all listening on the
>same port.

No can do.

Only one process can be listening on a given port number at a time.   When 
the listening process accepts the connection (at least on Unix) a new 
socket is created, and typically it is given a new unique ephemeral port 
number. The original port number is not needed, as the connection has been 
made.

The listening process can spawn subprocesses or threads to handle that 
connection socket, but it still holds the listening well-known socket.

If you need to run different server "instances" on the same system, they 
have to listen to connections with distinct socket numbers, (that's how IP 
knows where to deliver your packets) or you partion your implementation 
internally.

So far, I thought the URI would include the ability to configure a 
non-default target (listening) port number which would be critical to doing 
this.

Dave.

         Dave.

------------------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                            ESN: 248-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks                 978-288-4570
Wireless Solutions, IP Mobility
Billerica, MA 01821               dmitton@nortelnetworks.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:22:16 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 13:10:58 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
Message-ID: <20010611131058.M17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Following the discussion some of us had last week, I have made slight changes
to the proposed text for this issue. Please note section 3.3 below, where a
reference is made to the fqdn field of the diameterIdentity sub-type. I also
added A6s.

PatC

2.6  Diameter Agent Discovery

   Allowing for dynamic Diameter agent discovery will make it possible
   for simpler and more robust deployment of AAA services.  In order to
   promote interoperable implementations of Diameter agent discovery,
   the following mechanisms are described.  These are based on existing
   IETF standards.

   There are two cases where Diameter agent discovery may be performed.
   The first is when a Diameter client needs to discover a first-hop
   Diameter agent.  The second case is when a Diameter agent needs to
   discover another agent - for further handling of a Diameter
   operation. In both cases, the following 'search order' is
   recommended:

      1. The Diameter implementation consults its list of static
         (manual) configured Diameter agent locations.  These will be
         used if they exist and respond.

      2. The Diameter implementation uses SLPv2 [28] to discover
         Diameter services.  The Diameter service template [32] is
         included in Appendix A. It is recommended that SLPv2 security
         be deployed (this requires distributing keys to SLPv2 agents.)
         This is discussed further in Appendix A.

         SLPv2 will allow Diameter implementations to discover the
         location of Diameter agents in the local site, as well as their
         characteristics.  Diameter agents with specific capabilities
         (say support for the Mobile IP application) can be requested,
         and only those will be discovered.

      3. The Diameter implementation uses DNS to request the SRV RR [33]
         for the '_diameter._sctp' and/or '_diameter._tcp' server in a
         particular domain.  The Diameter implementation has to know in
         advance which domain to look for an Diameter agent in.  This
         could be deduced, for example, from the 'realm' in a NAI that
         an Diameter implementation needed to perform an Diameter
         operation on.

        3.1 If the destination address is a numeric IP address, the
            requestor contacts the peer at the given address and the
            port number specified in the SRV record or, if not
            specified, the default port (TBD).

        3.2 The results of the query or queries are merged and ordered
            based on priority. Then, the searching technique outlined in
            [46] is used to select servers in order. The requestor
            attempts to contact each peer in the order listed, at the
            port number specified in the SRV record. If none of the
            servers can be contacted, the requestor gives up. If there
            are no SRV records, DNS address records are used, as
            described below.

        3.3 If the destination specifies a port number other than TBD or
            if there are no SRV records, the requestor queries the DNS
            server for address records for the destination address using
            the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data
            format (see section 4.4). Address records include A RR's,
            AAAA RR's, A6 RR's or other similar records, chosen
            according to the requestor's network protocol capabilities.

            If the DNS server returns no address records, the requestor
            gives up. If there are address records, the same rules as in
            step 3.2 apply.

         Requestors MUST NOT cache query results except according to the
         rules in [47]. Diameter allows AAA peers to protect the
         integrity and privacy of communication as well as to perform
         end-point authentication.  Still, it is prudent to employ DNS
         Security as a precaution when using DNS SRV RRs to look up the
         location of a Diameter agent.  [34, 35, 36]



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:23:45 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 19:38 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>But what if the remote box was periodically trying to connect to the local
>box? That would always fail with 'Address already in use', since you'd already
>bound a file descriptor on port 1812 for listening.

Nope, it won't fail. It will fail only if there is already a connection 
between the two machines.

>So we need to listen for connections, and initiate connections as well. We 
>need
>to allow for multiple connections to multiple peers, all listening on the
>same port.

Not a problem. Remember that the uniqueness requirement is on the tuple 
(local addr, local port, remote addr, remote port), not on (local addr, 
local port).

Jacques.


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On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 04:14:13PM -0400, David Mitton wrote:
> >So we need to listen for connections, and initiate connections as well. We 
> >need
> >to allow for multiple connections to multiple peers, all listening on the
> >same port.
> 
> No can do.

Of course, that's been my point all along.

> 
> Only one process can be listening on a given port number at a time.   When 
> the listening process accepts the connection (at least on Unix) a new 
> socket is created, and typically it is given a new unique ephemeral port 
> number. The original port number is not needed, as the connection has been 
> made.

Right, and this is where I got confused with Jacques e-mail that seemed to
state that this is what he wanted to do.

> 
> The listening process can spawn subprocesses or threads to handle that 
> connection socket, but it still holds the listening well-known socket.
> 
> If you need to run different server "instances" on the same system, they 
> have to listen to connections with distinct socket numbers, (that's how IP 
> knows where to deliver your packets) or you partion your implementation 
> internally.
> 
> So far, I thought the URI would include the ability to configure a 
> non-default target (listening) port number which would be critical to doing 
> this.

It does, and these seem to be different issues. The primary issue here is how
to get a state machine that works to solve the problem where multiple 
transport connections could exist.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:32:43 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 22:32:36 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Pat,

At 22:10 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>        3.1 If the destination address is a numeric IP address, the
>             requestor contacts the peer at the given address and the
>             port number specified in the SRV record or, if not
>             specified, the default port (TBD).
>
>         3.2 The results of the query or queries are merged and ordered
>             based on priority. Then, the searching technique outlined in
>             [46] is used to select servers in order. The requestor
>             attempts to contact each peer in the order listed, at the
>             port number specified in the SRV record. If none of the
>             servers can be contacted, the requestor gives up. If there
>             are no SRV records, DNS address records are used, as
>             described below.

In any of the above, a server should be able to contact the servers found 
only if they are in the peer table, right? Otherwise there is a problem 
with finding appropriate certificates.

BTW, some clarification as to the relationship of the whole mechanism to 
the peer and/or routing table (and the forwarding and routing processes 
defined in 5.x) would be helpful. I.e. are these processes used to add 
stuff to the peer table, or to add stuff to the routing table, which then 
makes use of the pre-defined peer table?

>         3.3 If the destination specifies a port number other than TBD or
>             if there are no SRV records, the requestor queries the DNS
>             server for address records for the destination address using
>             the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data
>             format (see section 4.4). Address records include A RR's,
>             AAAA RR's, A6 RR's or other similar records, chosen
>             according to the requestor's network protocol capabilities.

Hu? What does "the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data 
format" mean? What exactly should be looked up? The Destination-Realm? The 
FQDN part of the Destination-Host?

No comprendo mucho :-/

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:47:06 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 22:47:00 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: David Mitton <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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I think there is some confusion here... There are two different issues at hand:
1. enable multiple processes to run on the same machine
2. make sure there is only one connection between any two processes (or 
not, but that's another subjet)

(1) requires that each process be assigned a distinct port or IP address. 
You cannot have two processes listening on port 1812. You could have one on 
1812 and one on 1813, for instance (don't know which other protocol I just 
bumped into...).

(2) requires either:
- the use of SCTP which apparently solves the problem magically (don't know 
how and why, haven't read the whole spec yet, but it was stated in some 
previous e-mail).
- the use of TCP with a complex state machine to make sure we tear down one 
of the two connections if two are established at the same time
- the use of TCP with the same port number of listening and accepting, as I 
described.

It is not a problem to have a process that:
- listens and accepts connections on port 1812
- connects FROM port 1812 to other machines, possibly on port 1812
[replace 1812 with another port number for any other process running on the 
same box]

On the other hand, a connection from port 1812 to another machine on port 
1812 will fail if there is already a connection between these two machines 
using the same port(s).

So, I can have:
- process A1 on box A listening on port 1812
- process A2 on box A listening on port 1813
- process B1 on box B listening on port 1812

Let's say they are brought up in that order (A1, A2, B1), and we want a 
direct connection between each pair. The following happens:

- A1 starts listening on A:1812
- A1 attempts to connect to A2 (A:1813) and B1 (B:1812) but fails (no one's 
listening)
- A2 is started.
- A2 starts listening on A:1813
- A2 attempts a connection to A:1812 (which succeeds)
- A2 attempts a connection to B:1812 (which fails, no one is listening)

[if A1 was to start a connection to A2 now, it would fail]

- B1 is started
- B1 starts listening on B:1812
- B1 attempts a connection to A:1812, which succeeds
- B1 attempts a connection to A:1813, which succeeds also

[if A1 or A2 were to start a connection B1 now, that would fail]

So, we end up with a all three servers listening on their respective ports, 
and a connection established between A1 and A2, A1 and B1, A2 and B1, 
respectively. Exactly what we wanted. And no messy state machine.

Of course, some bad TCP/sockets implementations might not support all this 
very well... To be checked [it worked perfectly on my good old FreeBSD boxes].

Hope it gets clearer now?

Jacques.

At 22:13 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 04:14:13PM -0400, David Mitton wrote:
> > >So we need to listen for connections, and initiate connections as 
> well. We
> > >need
> > >to allow for multiple connections to multiple peers, all listening on the
> > >same port.
> >
> > No can do.
>
>Of course, that's been my point all along.
>
> >
> > Only one process can be listening on a given port number at a time.   When
> > the listening process accepts the connection (at least on Unix) a new
> > socket is created, and typically it is given a new unique ephemeral port
> > number. The original port number is not needed, as the connection has been
> > made.
>
>Right, and this is where I got confused with Jacques e-mail that seemed to
>state that this is what he wanted to do.
>
> >
> > The listening process can spawn subprocesses or threads to handle that
> > connection socket, but it still holds the listening well-known socket.
> >
> > If you need to run different server "instances" on the same system, they
> > have to listen to connections with distinct socket numbers, (that's how IP
> > knows where to deliver your packets) or you partion your implementation
> > internally.
> >
> > So far, I thought the URI would include the ability to configure a
> > non-default target (listening) port number which would be critical to 
> doing
> > this.
>
>It does, and these seem to be different issues. The primary issue here is how
>to get a state machine that works to solve the problem where multiple
>transport connections could exist.
>
>PatC


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:48:09 2001
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        "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
From: David Mitton <david@mitton.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ Request-Type AVP???
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At 6/11/01 10:55 AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
>At 10:36 11/06/01, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
>>Looking at the NASREQ Request-Type AVP, I would appreciate if
>>someone could give me his interpretation of the following
>>possible values for the Request-Type AVP.
>>
>> >>
>>       AUTHENTICATE_ONLY          1
>>          The request being sent is for authentication only, and MUST
>>          contain the relevant authentication AVPs that are needed by the
>>          Diameter server to authenticate the user.
>><<
>>
>>Since the specification says that it should not be permitted to
>>authenticate-only a session, and then authorize-only the same session,
>>I was wondering for what that value could really be useful?
>>Should that Request-Type value be only used when answering a AA-Request
>>Challenge?
>
>The nasreq draft indeed says in 3.1.1:
>    It is possible for a single session to be authorized only first, then
>    followed by an authentication request. However, the inverse SHOULD
>    NOT be permitted.
>
>I quite think that somebody meant the opposite (e.g. TAC+ to Diameter 
>gateway where authentication and authorization are two different steps, 
>done in that order). On cannot authorize a user which hasn't been 
>authenticated yet.

well, yes you could.  You could authorize anonymous users, or that they 
know the called phone number.  And once you know more about them, revise 
that authorization.

But I've never understood this text distinction either.
But some argue that there is even some degenerate form of authentication 
buried in there.


>The other possibility is that some authorization is granted first (e.g. 
>based on calling/called numbers to authorize a NAS to accept an ISDN 
>call), then authentication and authorization again (using PPP and some PPP 
>authentication method). But I'm not quite sure both would be linked to the 
>same session, actually, since it would be two different services?

Not on most providers I know of.
The authorization based on called/calling numbers is just incompletete, 
until the later information is available.  All the overhead of the call is 
going to get factored into the billing for that user.

Dave.


----------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                            978-288-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks
david@mitton.com   or      dmitton@nortelnetworks.com  



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:50:42 2001
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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Jacques Caron'" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jacques Caron [mailto:jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com]
> 
> At 19:38 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >But what if the remote box was periodically trying to 
> connect to the local
> >box? That would always fail with 'Address already in use', 
> since you'd already
> >bound a file descriptor on port 1812 for listening.
> 
> Nope, it won't fail. It will fail only if there is already a 
> connection 
> between the two machines.

I think that this is a less-popular usage of sockets, but it seems like it should certainly work.  For locally initiated connections, some ephemeral port is usually used.  But, like Jacques says, that's not how it has to be.  I'm under the impression that you would have to enable an option like "SO_REUSEADDR", or something along those lines.  That option (or whichever one it's supposed to be) should allow you to bind to a port that is already used in a listening socket.  If there already is a connection with that particular Diameter Entity (presuming all entities follow the prescribed "make sure you're contacting other hosts from the same port you're listening on"), only then should the attempt to bind fail.

I'd be curious as to what would happen in the "crossing SYN" case for TCP.  Supposedly this would not be an issue for SCTP.

...
> Not a problem. Remember that the uniqueness requirement is on 
> the tuple 
> (local addr, local port, remote addr, remote port), not on 

Don't forget transport protocol!

> (local addr, 
> local port).


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:54:25 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010611222747.00c2d990@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 10:32:36PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 10:32:36PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 22:10 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >        3.1 If the destination address is a numeric IP address, the
> >             requestor contacts the peer at the given address and the
> >             port number specified in the SRV record or, if not
> >             specified, the default port (TBD).
> >
> >         3.2 The results of the query or queries are merged and ordered
> >             based on priority. Then, the searching technique outlined in
> >             [46] is used to select servers in order. The requestor
> >             attempts to contact each peer in the order listed, at the
> >             port number specified in the SRV record. If none of the
> >             servers can be contacted, the requestor gives up. If there
> >             are no SRV records, DNS address records are used, as
> >             described below.
> 
> In any of the above, a server should be able to contact the servers found 
> only if they are in the peer table, right? Otherwise there is a problem 
> with finding appropriate certificates.

There are alternate means of finding certificates.

> 
> BTW, some clarification as to the relationship of the whole mechanism to 
> the peer and/or routing table (and the forwarding and routing processes 
> defined in 5.x) would be helpful. I.e. are these processes used to add 
> stuff to the peer table, or to add stuff to the routing table, which then 
> makes use of the pre-defined peer table?

ok, let me see what I can do.

> 
> >         3.3 If the destination specifies a port number other than TBD or
> >             if there are no SRV records, the requestor queries the DNS
> >             server for address records for the destination address using
> >             the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data
> >             format (see section 4.4). Address records include A RR's,
> >             AAAA RR's, A6 RR's or other similar records, chosen
> >             according to the requestor's network protocol capabilities.
> 
> Hu? What does "the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data 
> format" mean? What exactly should be looked up? The Destination-Realm? The 
> FQDN part of the Destination-Host?
Section 4.4 includes:

      DiameterIdentity
         The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
         the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules
         specified below:

            Diameter-Identity  = [scheme-name] fqdn [ port ]
                                 [ transport ] [legacy-protocol]

            scheme-name        = "diameter://"
            ; If absent, the default is "diameter://"

            fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name

[...]

I was talking about the fqdn portion of this, which is used in Destination-Host,
Redirect-Host, etc.

I do, however, now realize that FQDN should NOT be capitalized to reflect the
text in section 4.4

> No comprendo mucho :-/

Make more sense?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:55:44 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 22:55:38 +0200
To: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 22:50 11/06/01, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:

> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Jacques Caron [mailto:jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com]
> >
> > At 19:38 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >But what if the remote box was periodically trying to
> > connect to the local
> > >box? That would always fail with 'Address already in use',
> > since you'd already
> > >bound a file descriptor on port 1812 for listening.
> >
> > Nope, it won't fail. It will fail only if there is already a
> > connection
> > between the two machines.
>
>I think that this is a less-popular usage of sockets, but it seems like it 
>should certainly work.  For locally initiated connections, some ephemeral 
>port is usually used.  But, like Jacques says, that's not how it has to 
>be.  I'm under the impression that you would have to enable an option like 
>"SO_REUSEADDR", or something along those lines.  That option (or whichever 
>one it's supposed to be) should allow you to bind to a port that is 
>already used in a listening socket.  If there already is a connection with 
>that particular Diameter Entity (presuming all entities follow the 
>prescribed "make sure you're contacting other hosts from the same port 
>you're listening on"), only then should the attempt to bind fail.

Indeed, SO_REUSEADDR and/or SO_REUSEPORT are quite useful :-) Still have to 
understand the exact distinction between those two, though.
And it should be the attempt to connect, not to bind, that would fail.

 > Not a problem. Remember that the uniqueness requirement is on
> > the tuple
> > (local addr, local port, remote addr, remote port), not on
>
>Don't forget transport protocol!

I was talking in the context of TCP of course :-) Other transport protocols 
might have different rules for uniqueness...

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 16:59:22 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 22:59:22 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010611133740.O17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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At 22:37 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >         3.3 If the destination specifies a port number other than TBD or
> > >             if there are no SRV records, the requestor queries the DNS
> > >             server for address records for the destination address using
> > >             the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data
> > >             format (see section 4.4). Address records include A RR's,
> > >             AAAA RR's, A6 RR's or other similar records, chosen
> > >             according to the requestor's network protocol capabilities.
> >
> > Hu? What does "the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data
> > format" mean? What exactly should be looked up? The Destination-Realm? The
> > FQDN part of the Destination-Host?

[...]

>I was talking about the fqdn portion of this, which is used in 
>Destination-Host,
>Redirect-Host, etc.

I had guessed so, but exactly which AVP are we talking about? 
Destination-Host? Then this is not really discovery, but pretty much direct 
use of the FQDN in there, not much different from case 1, is it?

>I do, however, now realize that FQDN should NOT be capitalized to reflect the
>text in section 4.4

I don't think that was the part that was a problem...

> > No comprendo mucho :-/
>
>Make more sense?

Not yet :-(

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 17:08:18 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu, aboba@internaut.com
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010611225623.00c66a60@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 10:59:22PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 10:59:22PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 22:37 11/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > > >         3.3 If the destination specifies a port number other than TBD or
> > > >             if there are no SRV records, the requestor queries the DNS
> > > >             server for address records for the destination address using
> > > >             the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data
> > > >             format (see section 4.4). Address records include A RR's,
> > > >             AAAA RR's, A6 RR's or other similar records, chosen
> > > >             according to the requestor's network protocol capabilities.
> > >
> > > Hu? What does "the FQDN field of the DiameterIdentity derived AVP data
> > > format" mean? What exactly should be looked up? The Destination-Realm? The
> > > FQDN part of the Destination-Host?
> 
> [...]
> 
> >I was talking about the fqdn portion of this, which is used in 
> >Destination-Host,
> >Redirect-Host, etc.
> 
> I had guessed so, but exactly which AVP are we talking about? 
> Destination-Host? Then this is not really discovery, but pretty much direct 
> use of the FQDN in there, not much different from case 1, is it?

To be honest, I don't frankly get this anymore than you do, and I think I need
to ask Bernard what he had in mind. If you are discovery servers, it implies 
you don't know who they are. If you have a host name, then use DNS.

So, thinking about this some more, I don't get this either, and will punt to
Bernard.

Bernard?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 17:09:06 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 14:09:21 -0700 (PDT)
From: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Cc: dmitton@nortelnetworks.com, pcalhoun@nasnfs.eng.sun.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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>
>I think there is some confusion here... There are two different issues at hand:
>1. enable multiple processes to run on the same machine
>2. make sure there is only one connection between any two processes (or 
>not, but that's another subjet)
>
>(1) requires that each process be assigned a distinct port or IP address. 
>You cannot have two processes listening on port 1812. You could have one on 
>1812 and one on 1813, for instance (don't know which other protocol I just 
>bumped into...).
>
>(2) requires either:
>- the use of SCTP which apparently solves the problem magically (don't know 
>how and why, haven't read the whole spec yet, but it was stated in some 
>previous e-mail).
>- the use of TCP with a complex state machine to make sure we tear down one 
>of the two connections if two are established at the same time
>- the use of TCP with the same port number of listening and accepting, as I 
>described.
>

I just checked the TCP spec on this (rfc793, section 3.4).
TCP and SCTP both handle the situation in the same way, i.e.
the two connections resolve into a single connection.

Just to be absolutely clear: this only happens when the
two connections are identical. For example, host A has
IP address 192.168.100.100 and the local port 1812, and
host B has IP address 192.168.200.200 and local port 1812.
(Note that this means, in socket terms, both are listening
on port 1812.) Now A and B then both try to connect() to
each other from port 1812 to port 1812. These two connections
are indistinguishable to both TCP and SCTP, and so *must*
resolve into a single connection.

If A or B had substitued any other port for their local
port (like a transient port), there would be two different
connections.

So if you allow connecting from transient ports, then yes,
you need to hack up the state machine to close one of
the connections down. If you always connect from a well-
known port, TCP and SCTP will take care of it for you.

Jonathan



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 18:36:34 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 18:36:15 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        David Mitton <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Patrice Calhoun <pcalhoun@nasnfs.Eng.Sun.COM>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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Jacques,

On Mon, 11 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:

> It is not a problem to have a process that:
> - listens and accepts connections on port 1812
> - connects FROM port 1812 to other machines, possibly on port 1812
> [replace 1812 with another port number for any other process running on the 
> same box]
> 

From your example, it seemed that you could get the above to
work.  I have not had such luck.  Maybe I need to go back to TCP
101 :).  If I do the following pseudocode,

s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IP_PROTOCOL_TCP);
s_addr = (AF_INET, 1812, 1.1.1.1);
bind(s, (AF_INET, s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
d_addr = (AF_INET, 1812, *);
listen(s, 10);
accept(s, d_addr); 

I now can't get another thread bind to (AF_INET, 1812, 1.1.1.1)
so that I can request a connection to (AF_INET, 1812, 2.2.2.2).

Is this possible?

-mark




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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 00:48:01 +0200
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From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
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Mark,

You need to setsockopt SO_REUSEADDR and SO_REUSEPORT to on(1). Not sure you 
actually need both, but it works that way :-) Note that it needs to be done 
on both sockets (the one listening/accepting and the one connecting).

I can send you some (very very very ugly) code I used for my tests if you 
want to try it out.

Of course, all of this is true on a good BSD stack. Don't know how it might 
turn out on other stacks that might make too strong asumptions about TCP 
requirements for uniqueness.

Jacques.

At 00:36 12/06/01, Mark Eklund wrote:
>Jacques,
>
>On Mon, 11 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
>
> > It is not a problem to have a process that:
> > - listens and accepts connections on port 1812
> > - connects FROM port 1812 to other machines, possibly on port 1812
> > [replace 1812 with another port number for any other process running on 
> the
> > same box]
> >
>
> From your example, it seemed that you could get the above to
>work.  I have not had such luck.  Maybe I need to go back to TCP
>101 :).  If I do the following pseudocode,
>
>s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IP_PROTOCOL_TCP);
>s_addr = (AF_INET, 1812, 1.1.1.1);
>bind(s, (AF_INET, s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
>d_addr = (AF_INET, 1812, *);
>listen(s, 10);
>accept(s, d_addr);
>
>I now can't get another thread bind to (AF_INET, 1812, 1.1.1.1)
>so that I can request a connection to (AF_INET, 1812, 2.2.2.2).
>
>Is this possible?
>
>-mark


_________________________________________________________
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Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 19:43:58 2001
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From: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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Further investigation shows that my previous email was
not entirely accurate :(  INIT / SYN collision behavior
for TCP and SCTP are as described, but generating the
scenario is not as described - see below for more details.

> 
> Mark,
> 
> You need to setsockopt SO_REUSEADDR and SO_REUSEPORT to on(1). Not sure you 
> actually need both, but it works that way :-) Note that it needs to be done 
> on both sockets (the one listening/accepting and the one connecting).

This won't work on many systems.

Stevens Unix Networking Programming V1, section 7.5 has a
good discussion on these options. In particular:

"With TCP we are never able to start multiple servers
that bind the same IP address and the same port: a
completely duplicate binding."

I just tried this on Solaris 8, and verified that it does
indeed fail.

Also SO_REUSEPORT does not exist on Solaris. Stevens notes
that this option was introduced in BSD to allow completely
duplicate bindings *when it makes sense*, i.e. for UDP
multicast or broadcast. It looks like your BSD stack is
allowing it for TCP, where it does not make sense.

SCTP sockets have the same behavior as TCP here. The way I
generate SCTP INIT collisions is to have two endpoints
both *connect()* at the same time; neither is listening.
(This is, of course, a race condition; I had to use a
middlebox to delay the INIT packets so that they did
actually cross paths.)

Jonathan

> 
> I can send you some (very very very ugly) code I used for my tests if you 
> want to try it out.
> 
> Of course, all of this is true on a good BSD stack. Don't know how it might 
> turn out on other stacks that might make too strong asumptions about TCP 
> requirements for uniqueness.
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> At 00:36 12/06/01, Mark Eklund wrote:
> >Jacques,
> >
> >On Mon, 11 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
> >
> > > It is not a problem to have a process that:
> > > - listens and accepts connections on port 1812
> > > - connects FROM port 1812 to other machines, possibly on port 1812
> > > [replace 1812 with another port number for any other process running on 
> > the
> > > same box]
> > >
> >
> > From your example, it seemed that you could get the above to
> >work.  I have not had such luck.  Maybe I need to go back to TCP
> >101 :).  If I do the following pseudocode,
> >
> >s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IP_PROTOCOL_TCP);
> >s_addr = (AF_INET, 1812, 1.1.1.1);
> >bind(s, (AF_INET, s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
> >d_addr = (AF_INET, 1812, *);
> >listen(s, 10);
> >accept(s, d_addr);
> >
> >I now can't get another thread bind to (AF_INET, 1812, 1.1.1.1)
> >so that I can request a connection to (AF_INET, 1812, 2.2.2.2).
> >
> >Is this possible?
> >
> >-mark
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 19:48:44 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of an Authentication or 
 Authorization session.
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All,

Here is a new issue.

/Tony

Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of an Authentication or
Authorization session.
Submitter name: Tony Johansson
Submitter email address: tony.johansson@ericsson.com
Date first submitted: 2001-06-11
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 10
Rationale/Explanation of issue:
There may be cases where you don't need to store any session information
in the AAA. For example, there may be cases where the access device will
handle all seesion information. Thus, an access device may request
authentication as a one time thing and no further messages would be
needed between the access device and the AAA.

Proposal:
Perhaps a request from the access device SHOULD allow the
Authorization-Lifetime (as a hint to the server). A value of zero
implies that no state should be created, and no STR will be sent. A
value of zero is a one-shot thing (auth once, never hear from me again).



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 19:59:04 2001
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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 01:58:48 +0200
To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: meklund@cisco.com, pcalhoun@diameter.org, dmitton@nortelnetworks.com,
        pcalhoun@nasnfs.eng.sun.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Mmmm....

I expected that indeed not all stacks would allow it, though I think it's 
more a limitation of the sockets implementation than of TCP itself? It is 
perfectly possible to have multiple sockets/TCP connections associated to 
the same (local addr, local port) pair (as in multiple connections that 
were accepted on a listening socket), and are differentiated by the (remote 
addr, remote port) pair, so I don't quite see why it shouldn't be possible 
(or wouldn't make sense) to also have an active connection from the same 
(local addr, local port) pair...

I guess it wasn't felt as being useful. Too bad. It was worth a try :-/

And now back to our regular state machine programming...

Jacques.

At 01:43 12/06/01, Jonathan Wood wrote:

>Further investigation shows that my previous email was
>not entirely accurate :(  INIT / SYN collision behavior
>for TCP and SCTP are as described, but generating the
>scenario is not as described - see below for more details.
>
> >
> > Mark,
> >
> > You need to setsockopt SO_REUSEADDR and SO_REUSEPORT to on(1). Not sure 
> you
> > actually need both, but it works that way :-) Note that it needs to be 
> done
> > on both sockets (the one listening/accepting and the one connecting).
>
>This won't work on many systems.
>
>Stevens Unix Networking Programming V1, section 7.5 has a
>good discussion on these options. In particular:
>
>"With TCP we are never able to start multiple servers
>that bind the same IP address and the same port: a
>completely duplicate binding."
>
>I just tried this on Solaris 8, and verified that it does
>indeed fail.
>
>Also SO_REUSEPORT does not exist on Solaris. Stevens notes
>that this option was introduced in BSD to allow completely
>duplicate bindings *when it makes sense*, i.e. for UDP
>multicast or broadcast. It looks like your BSD stack is
>allowing it for TCP, where it does not make sense.
>
>SCTP sockets have the same behavior as TCP here. The way I
>generate SCTP INIT collisions is to have two endpoints
>both *connect()* at the same time; neither is listening.
>(This is, of course, a race condition; I had to use a
>middlebox to delay the INIT packets so that they did
>actually cross paths.)
>
>Jonathan
>
> >
> > I can send you some (very very very ugly) code I used for my tests if you
> > want to try it out.
> >
> > Of course, all of this is true on a good BSD stack. Don't know how it 
> might
> > turn out on other stacks that might make too strong asumptions about TCP
> > requirements for uniqueness.
> >
> > Jacques.
> >
> > At 00:36 12/06/01, Mark Eklund wrote:
> > >Jacques,
> > >
> > >On Mon, 11 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > >
> > > > It is not a problem to have a process that:
> > > > - listens and accepts connections on port 1812
> > > > - connects FROM port 1812 to other machines, possibly on port 1812
> > > > [replace 1812 with another port number for any other process 
> running on
> > > the
> > > > same box]
> > > >
> > >
> > > From your example, it seemed that you could get the above to
> > >work.  I have not had such luck.  Maybe I need to go back to TCP
> > >101 :).  If I do the following pseudocode,
> > >
> > >s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IP_PROTOCOL_TCP);
> > >s_addr = (AF_INET, 1812, 1.1.1.1);
> > >bind(s, (AF_INET, s_addr, sizeof(s_addr));
> > >d_addr = (AF_INET, 1812, *);
> > >listen(s, 10);
> > >accept(s, d_addr);
> > >
> > >I now can't get another thread bind to (AF_INET, 1812, 1.1.1.1)
> > >so that I can request a connection to (AF_INET, 1812, 2.2.2.2).
> > >
> > >Is this possible?
> > >
> > >-mark
> >
> >
> > _________________________________________________________
> > Do You Yahoo!?
> > Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> >


_________________________________________________________
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Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 21:01:11 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of an Authentication or Authorization session.
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Tony,

This works for me, and including a zero Authorization-Lifetime is a great way
for an access device to signal that it doesn't expect to send additional messages to
the home server. Of course, I *think* that some issues MAY arise if the home server
decides that it wishes to maintain state, so a Result-Code value must also be 
created to allow the server to reject specifically this request (as opposed to some
complicated Failed-AVP processing.

Anyone object to this reasonable request? I can think of quite a few uses.

PatC
On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 04:45:12PM -0700, Tony Johansson wrote:
> All,
> 
> Here is a new issue.
> 
> /Tony
> 
> Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of an Authentication or
> Authorization session.
> Submitter name: Tony Johansson
> Submitter email address: tony.johansson@ericsson.com
> Date first submitted: 2001-06-11
> Reference:
> Document: Base
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 1
> Section: 10
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> There may be cases where you don't need to store any session information
> in the AAA. For example, there may be cases where the access device will
> handle all seesion information. Thus, an access device may request
> authentication as a one time thing and no further messages would be
> needed between the access device and the AAA.
> 
> Proposal:
> Perhaps a request from the access device SHOULD allow the
> Authorization-Lifetime (as a hint to the server). A value of zero
> implies that no state should be created, and no STR will be sent. A
> value of zero is a one-shot thing (auth once, never hear from me again).
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 11 21:28:34 2001
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Date: Mon, 11 Jun 2001 21:27:19 -0400
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To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
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In-Reply-To: <200106112343.QAA22342@heliopolis.eng.sun.com>; from Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM on Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 04:43:54PM -0700
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In defense of my favorite Unix, the only nonsensical case is
two TCP sockets actually listening on the same addr/port.
There's no reason to prevent two from bind()ing it, if
SO_REUSEADDR is set on both.

Barney Wolff

On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 04:43:54PM -0700, Jonathan Wood wrote:
> 
> Also SO_REUSEPORT does not exist on Solaris. Stevens notes
> that this option was introduced in BSD to allow completely
> duplicate bindings *when it makes sense*, i.e. for UDP
> multicast or broadcast. It looks like your BSD stack is
> allowing it for TCP, where it does not make sense.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 04:43:56 2001
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Message-ID: <577066326047D41180AC00508B955DDA04F5EFA3@eestqnt104.es.eu.ericsson.se>
From: "Irene Martin Cabello (ECE)" <Irene.Martin-Cabello@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of 
	an Authentication or Authorization session.
Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 10:43:42 +0200
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In the Base Protocol (chapter 10.4, Authorization Lifetime) is writen: 
"A value of zero means that no re-authorization is required". 
I thought this value of zero was useful when AAA does not require a re-authentication and/or re-authorization initiated from the access device, because the AAA will be in charge of initiating it by means of sending an unsolicited AA-Answer message with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH (former "AA-Challenge" message).

But, according to your proposal, the value of zero implies that no session information will be stored in the AAA. Then my above assumption was wrong, but then my question is: when could be useful for the AAA to send an unsolicited re-authentication and/or re-authorization? I think always the access device must be in charge of requesting a re-authentication and/or re-authorization, and the AAA MUST clean up resources when the Authorization lifettime expires without re-authorization.

Also, I thought that when an "authentication only" request message is received in the AAA, the AAA should validate the authentication but the AAA should not store any session information since authorization is not requested. Is this wrong?
It would be very useful if it is clarified in NASREQ draft, when "authentication only" and "authorization only" should be allowed/rejected.

Another question: when re-authorization is requested, the AAA should just extend the "life" of the session and return the Authorization Lifetime in the AA-Answer message, or should this message also include again the authorization AVPs provided in the first AA-Answer message?

Thanks in advance for your answers,
	Irene

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: Tuesday, June 12, 2001 2:48 AM
> To: Tony Johansson
> Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77: Possibility for implicit 
> termination of
> an Authentication or Authorization session.
> 
> 
> Tony,
> 
> This works for me, and including a zero 
> Authorization-Lifetime is a great way
> for an access device to signal that it doesn't expect to send 
> additional messages to
> the home server. Of course, I *think* that some issues MAY 
> arise if the home server
> decides that it wishes to maintain state, so a Result-Code 
> value must also be 
> created to allow the server to reject specifically this 
> request (as opposed to some
> complicated Failed-AVP processing.
> 
> Anyone object to this reasonable request? I can think of 
> quite a few uses.
> 
> PatC
> On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 04:45:12PM -0700, Tony Johansson wrote:
> > All,
> > 
> > Here is a new issue.
> > 
> > /Tony
> > 
> > Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of an 
> Authentication or
> > Authorization session.
> > Submitter name: Tony Johansson
> > Submitter email address: tony.johansson@ericsson.com
> > Date first submitted: 2001-06-11
> > Reference:
> > Document: Base
> > Comment type: T
> > Priority: 1
> > Section: 10
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > There may be cases where you don't need to store any 
> session information
> > in the AAA. For example, there may be cases where the 
> access device will
> > handle all seesion information. Thus, an access device may request
> > authentication as a one time thing and no further messages would be
> > needed between the access device and the AAA.
> > 
> > Proposal:
> > Perhaps a request from the access device SHOULD allow the
> > Authorization-Lifetime (as a hint to the server). A value of zero
> > implies that no state should be created, and no STR will be sent. A
> > value of zero is a one-shot thing (auth once, never hear 
> from me again).
> > 
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 05:06:12 2001
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Message-ID: <577066326047D41180AC00508B955DDA051E3F9E@eestqnt104.es.eu.ericsson.se>
From: "Marta Morant-Artazkotz (ECE)" <Marta.Morant-Artazkotz@ece.ericsson.se>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Proposed fixes for Issues 13, 18 and 30
Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 11:05:58 +0200
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Hi all,
I am sorry about talking about this so late but I miss the old DSI-Event AVP value DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION (its value was 3001 in the draft -04) within the new Result-Code AVP values (the 3001 value means DIAMETER_INVALID_ROUTE_RECORD in the draft -05).
Regards,
Marta

-----Original Message-----
From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
Sent: Friday, May 25, 2001 2:24 PM
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Proposed fixes for Issues 13, 18 and 30


All,

Below is the new text for section 9, which attempts to address the issues
mentioned above. I would appreciate some feedback from folks on whether the
text is consistent with their understanding of the outcome of the Interim
meeting.

Actual fixes:

Issue 13: DSI is removed, and a new answer only message is used to report
protocol errors. Protocol errors MAY be treated at each hop. The DSI-Events
are moved to a new class within the Result-Code AVP.

Issue 18: Error-Reporting-FQDN was a dup of Origin-FQDN, and therefore MUST
only be included if a host is changing the result-code AVP, and is not the
one whose identity is in the Origin-FQDN.

Issue 30: Failed-AVP should be a grouped AVP, and include the offending AVP
in it's group.

Thanks,

PatC
----
9.0  Error Handling

   There are two different types of errors in Diameter; protocol and
   extensions. A protocol error is one that occurs at the base protocol
   level, and MAY require attention at each hop in a proxy environment
   (e.g. message routing error). Extension errors, on the other hand,
   are generally occur due to a problem with a function specified in a
   Diameter extension(e.g. user authentication, Missing AVP).

   Result-Code AVP values that are used to report protocol errors MUST
   be used in the Message-Reject-Answer command. Unlike most Diameter
   commands, the Message-Reject-Answer does not have a corresponding
   request.

   When a request message is received that causes a protocol error, the
   command code is changed to Message-Reject-Answer, and the Result-Code
   AVP is set to the appropriate protocol error value. As the answer is
   sent back towards the originator of the request, each proxy MAY take
   action on the message.














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                    1. Request        +---------+ Link Broken
          +-------------------------->|Diameter |----///----+
          |     +---------------------|         |           v
   +------+--+  |      2. MRA         | Proxy 2 |     +--------+
   |Diameter |<-+ (Unable to Forward) +---------+     |Diameter|
   |         |                                        |  Home  |
   | Proxy 1 |--+                     +---------+     | Server |
   +---------+  |   3. Request        |Diameter |     +--------+
                +-------------------->|         |           ^
                                      | Proxy 3 |-----------+
                                      +---------+
         Figure 1 - Example of Protocol Error causing MRA message

   Figure 1 provides an example of a message sent by a Diameter proxy
   towards a home server. When the message is received by Proxy 2, and
   it detects that it cannot forward the request to the home server, an
   MRA message is returned with the Result-Code AVP set to
   DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER. Given that this error falls within the
   protocol error category, Proxy 1 would take special action, and given
   the error, attempt to route the message through its alternate proxy
   3.

   +---------+ 1. Request  +---------+ 2. Request  +---------+
   | Access  |------------>|Diameter |------------>|Diameter |
   |         |             |         |             |  Home   |
   | Device  |<------------|  Proxy  |<------------| Server  |
   +---------+  4. Answer  +---------+  3. Answer  +---------+
              (Missing AVP)           (Missing AVP)
           Figure 2 - Example of Extension Error Answer message

   Figure 2 provides an example of a Diameter message that caused an
   extension error. When extension errors occur, the Diameter entity
   reporting the error clears the 'R' bit in the Command Flags, and adds
   the Result-Code AVP with the proper value. Extension errors do not
   require any proxy involvement, and therefore the message would be
   forwarded back to the originator of the request.

   There are certain Result-Code AVP extensions errors that require
   additional AVPs to be present in the answer, such as:

      - An unrecognized AVP is received with the 'M' bit (Mandatory bit)
        set, causes an answer to be sent with the Result-Code AVP set to
        DIAMETER_AVP_UNSUPPORTED, and the Failed-AVP AVP containing the
        offending AVP.
      - An AVP that is received with an unrecognized value causes an
        answer to be returned with the Result-Code AVP set to
        DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE, with the Failed-AVP AVP containing
        the AVP causing the error.



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Internet-Draft                                                  May 2001


      - A command is received with an AVP that is ommitted, yet is
        mandatory according to the command's ABNF. The receiver issues
        an answer with the Result-Code set to DIAMETER_MISSING_AVP, and
        creates an AVP with the AVP Code and other fields set to the
        missing AVP's. The created AVP is then added to the Failed-AVP
        AVP.

   The Result-Code AVP contains additional errors conditions, and
   defines the expected behavior of each.


9.1  Result-Code AVP

   The Result-Code AVP (AVP Code 268) is of type Unsigned32 and
   indicates whether a particular request was completed successfully or
   whether an error occurred. All Diameter answer messages MUST include
   one Result-Code AVP. A non-successful Result-Code AVP (one containing
   a non 2xxx value) MUST include the Error-Reporting-Host AVP if the
   host setting the Result-Code AVP is different from the identity
   encoded in the Origin-Host AVP.

   The Result-Code data field contains an IANA-managed 32-bit address
   space representing errors (see section 16.4). Diameter provides the
   following classes of errors, all identified by the thousands digit:
      - 1xxx (Informational)
      - 2xxx (Success)
      - 3xxx (Protocol Errors)
      - 4xxx (Transient Failures)
      - 5xxx (Permanent Failure)

   A non-recognize class (one whose first digit is not defined in this
   section) MUST be handled as a permanent failure.


9.1.1  Informational

   Errors that fall within the Informational category are used to inform
   a requester that the request cannot be immediately satisfied and a
   further response will be issued in the near future. There are
   currently no errors that fall within this class.


9.1.2  Success

   Errors that fall within the Success category are used to inform a
   peer that a request has been successfully completed.

      DIAMETER_SUCCESS                   2001



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Internet-Draft                                                  May 2001


         The Request was successfully completed.


9.1.3  Protocol Errors

   Errors that fall within the Protocol Error category SHOULD be treated
   on a per-hop basis, and Diameter proxies MAY attempt to correct the
   error, if it is possible. Note that these errors MUST only be used in
   the Message-Rejected-Answer message, therefore a Diameter entity that
   wishes to return an error in this category MUST change the command
   code to Message-Rejected-Answer message.

      DIAMETER_INVALID_ROUTE_RECORD      3001
         The last Route-Record AVP in the message is not set to the
         identity of the sender of the message. See Section 11.0 for
         more information.

      DIAMETER_COMMAND_UNSUPPORTED       3002
         The Request contained a Command-Code that the receiver did not
         recognize or support.

      DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER         3003
         The request could not be delivered to a host that handles the
         realm, and extension, requested at this time.

      DIAMETER_REALM_NOT_SERVED          3004
         The intended realm of the offending message is unknown.

      DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY                  3005
         When returned, a Diameter node SHOULD attempt to sent the
         message to an alternate peer.

      DIAMETER_INVALID_CMS_DATA          3006
         The Request did not contain a valid CMS-Data [11] AVP.

      DIAMETER_LOOP_DETECTED             3007
         A Proxy or Redirect server detected a loop while trying to get
         the message to the Home Diameter server. The message MAY be
         sent to an alternate peer, if one is available, but the peer
         reporting the error has identified a configuration problem.

      DIAMETER_END_2_END_SECURITY        3008
         A proxy has detected that end-to-end security has been applied
         to portions of the Diameter message, and the proxy does not
         allow this security mode since it needs to alter the message by
         applying some local policies.





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9.1.4  Transient Failures

   Errors that fall within the transient failures category are used to
   inform a peer that the request could not be satisfied at the time it
   was received, but MAY be able to satisfy the request in the future.

      DIAMETER_AUTHENTICATION_REJECTED   4001
         The authentication process for the user failed, most likely due
         to an invalid password used by the user. Further attempts MUST
         only be tried after prompting the user for a new password.

      DIAMETER_OUT_OF_SPACE              4002
         A Diameter node received the accounting request but was unable
         to commit it to stable storage due to a temporary lack of
         space.


9.1.5  Permanent Failures

   Errors that fall within the permanent failures category are used to
   inform the peer that the request failed, and should not be attempted
   again.

      DIAMETER_USER_UNKNOWN              5001
         A request was received for a user that is unknown, therefore
         authentication and/or authorization failed.

      DIAMETER_AVP_UNSUPPORTED           5002
         The peer received a message that contained an AVP that is not
         recognized or supported and was marked with the Mandatory bit.
         A Diameter message with this error MUST contain one or more
         Failed-AVP AVP containing the AVPs that caused the failure.

      DIAMETER_UNKNOWN_SESSION_ID        5003
         The request contained an unknown Session-Id.

      DIAMETER_AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED    5004
         A request was received for which the user could not be
         authorized.  This error could occur if the service requested is
         not permitted to the user.

      DIAMETER_INVALID_AVP_VALUE         5005
         The request contained an AVP with an invalid value in its data
         portion. A Diameter message indicating this error MUST include
         the offending AVPs within a Failed-AVP AVP.

      DIAMETER_MISSING_AVP               5006
         The request did not contain an AVP that is required by the



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Internet-Draft                                                  May 2001


         Command Code definition. If this value is sent in the Result-
         Code AVP, a Failed-AVP AVP SHOULD be included in the message.
         The data portion of the Failed-AVP MUST contain an AVP header
         containing the AVP Code and vendor-Id.

      DIAMETER_AUTHORIZATION_FAILED      5007
         A request was received for which the user could not be
         authorized at this time. This error could occur when the user
         has already expended allowed resources, or is only permitted to
         access services within a time period.

      DIAMETER_CONTRADICTING_AVPS        5008
         The Home Diameter server has detected AVPs in the request that
         contradicted each other, and is not willing to provide service
         to the user. One or more Failed-AVP AVPs MUST be present,
         containing the AVPs that contradicted each other.

      DIAMETER_AVP_NOT_ALLOWED           5009
         A message was received with an AVP that MUST NOT be present.
         The Failed-AVP AVP MUST be included and contain the AVP Code of
         the offending AVP.

      DIAMETER_AVP_OCCURS_TOO_MANY_TIMES 5010
         A message was received that included an AVP that appeared more
         often than permitted in the message definition. The Failed-AVP
         AVP MUST be included and contain the AVP Code of the offending
         AVP.

      DIAMETER_VENDOR_ID_UNSUPPORTED     5011
         The Home Diameter server has detected vendor-specific AVPs in
         the message, and the vendor dictionary is not supported. One or
         more Failed-AVP MUST be present, containing the offending AVPs.

      DIAMETER_UNSUPPORTED_TRANSFORM     5012
         A message was received that included an CMS-Data AVP [11] that
         made use of an unsupported transform.

      DIAMETER_NO_COMMON_EXTENSION       5013
         This event is returned when a DRA message is received, and
         there are no common extensions supported between the peer.

      DIAMETER_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION       5014
         This event is returned when a DRA message is received, and the
         Diameter message is unsupported.


9.2  Message-Reject-Answer




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   The Message-Reject-Answer (MRA), indicated by the Command-Code set to
   282, and the Command Flags' 'R' bit cleared, is sent in response to a
   request that has caused a protocol error.

   Although the command code is different from the one found in the
   request, the same procedures used in issuing an answer message is
   followed. The Result-Code AVP MUST be present, and include a value in
   the "Protocol Error" category.

   Proxies receiving an MRA message MAY attempt to rectify the error
   reported, if possible. In the event that no proxy is able to correct
   the problem, the MRA will be returned to the originator of the
   request message.

   Message Format

      <Message-Reject-Answer> ::= < Diameter Header: 282, I >
                                  < Session-Id >
                                  { Origin-Host }
                                  { Origin-Realm }
                                  { Result-Code }
                                  { Destination-Host }
                                * [ AVP ]


9.3  Error-Message AVP

   The Error-Message AVP (AVP Code 281) is of type OctetString.  It is a
   human readable UTF-8 character encoded string.  It MAY accompany a
   Result-Code AVP as a human readable error message. The Error-Message
   AVP is not intended to be useful in real-time, and SHOULD NOT be
   expected to be parsed by network entities.


9.4  Error-Reporting-Host AVP

   The Error-Reporting-Host AVP (AVP Code 294) is of type OctetString,
   encoded in the UTF-8 [24] format, according to the Diameter identity
   rules defined in section 2.6.  This AVP contains the identity of the
   Diameter host that set the Result-Code AVP to a value other than 2001
   (Success), only if the host setting the Result-Code is different from
   the one encoded in the Origin-Host AVP. This AVP is intended to be
   used for troubleshooting purposes, and MUST be set when the Result-
   Code AVP indicates a failure.


9.5 Failed-AVP AVP




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   The Failed-AVP AVP (AVP Code 279) is of type Grouped and provides
   debugging information in cases where a request is rejected or not
   fully processed due to erroneous information in a specific AVP. The
   value of the Result-Code AVP will provide information on the reason
   for the Failed-AVP AVP.

   The possible reasons for this AVP are the presence of an improperly
   constructed AVP, an unsupported or unrecognized AVP, an invalid AVP
   value, the omission of a required AVP, the presence of an explicitly
   excluded AVP (see table 13.0), or the presence of two or more
   occurrences of an AVP which table 15.1 restricts to 0, 1, or 0-1
   occurrences.

   A Diameter message MAY contain one Failed-AVP AVP, containing the
   entire AVP that could not be processed successfully. If the failure
   reason is omission of a required AVP, an AVP with the missing AVP
   code, the missing vendor id, and a zero filled payload of the minimum
   required length for the ommitted AVP will be added.

   AVP Format

      <Failed-AVP> ::= < AVP Header: 279 >
                    1* {AVP}


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: "Marta Morant-Artazkotz (ECE)" <Marta.Morant-Artazkotz@ece.ericsson.se>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Proposed fixes for Issues 13, 18 and 30
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On Tue, Jun 12, 2001 at 11:05:58AM +0200, Marta Morant-Artazkotz (ECE) wrote:
> Hi all,
> I am sorry about talking about this so late but I miss the old DSI-Event AVP value DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION (its value was 3001 in the draft -04) within the new Result-Code AVP values (the 3001 value means DIAMETER_INVALID_ROUTE_RECORD in the draft -05).

Yes, this has been brought up, and will be in -06 :(

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ Request-Type AVP???
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010611105046.00c493f0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 10:55:43AM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 10:55:43AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 10:36 11/06/01, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
> >Hi,
> >
> >Looking at the NASREQ Request-Type AVP, I would appreciate if
> >someone could give me his interpretation of the following
> >possible values for the Request-Type AVP.
> >
> > >>
> >       AUTHENTICATE_ONLY          1
> >          The request being sent is for authentication only, and MUST
> >          contain the relevant authentication AVPs that are needed by the
> >          Diameter server to authenticate the user.
> ><<
> >
> >Since the specification says that it should not be permitted to
> >authenticate-only a session, and then authorize-only the same session,
> >I was wondering for what that value could really be useful?
> >Should that Request-Type value be only used when answering a AA-Request
> >Challenge?
> 
> The nasreq draft indeed says in 3.1.1:
>     It is possible for a single session to be authorized only first, then
>     followed by an authentication request. However, the inverse SHOULD
>     NOT be permitted.

$*@&!^@

I think that this sentence needs to be changed:

If both authentication and authorization will be requested for a given session,
the former SHOULD be done prior to the latter. It is still possible for
authorization to be done without authentication.

This covers:
- Authentication first, followed by authorization (such as tacacs+)
- authorize only (may I answer this phone call?)
- authenticate only (well, I have no idea what you'd do this for :(

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 10:09:42 2001
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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 06:57:28 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 72: Downstream/upstream confusion
Message-ID: <20010612065727.I17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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Jacques,

I've looked at the base protocol, and I cannot find any inconsistencies in the use of
the terms downstream and upstream. In all cases, upstream implies towards the home 
server, and downstream is towards the access device.

I have asked the list of folks think this needs to be changed, and there doesn't appear
to be any consensus, so I am against changing it at this point.

To me, something goes up before it goes down, so it seems logical to me that a request
go up towards the home, and back down towards the access device. The only way this logic
is broken is for unsolicited server-initiated messages, when things go down before they
go up :(

so looking at your proposed fixes. you seem to request that the terms be inversed,
but your issue description implies that the terms are used inconsistently. Could
you point to these areas, since a read through the document doesn't help me find 
them :(

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 10:21:25 2001
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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 07:10:51 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 53: What if the AAAL cannot reach the HA
Message-ID: <20010612071051.K17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

I find the description of this particular issue somewhat misleading. I believe 
what is being requested here is the ability to NOT tie MIP so closely to
Diameter, right?

Here's what I mean. Currently the Diameter AMR includes the Registration Request,
which is forwarded to the Home Agent in the HAR. The Home agent processes the
embedded registration request, and replies with an HAA that includes the Registration
Reply, and so on.

What I believe this issue is asking for is the ability for the AMR to authenticate
and authorize the user, and reply with an AMA. At that point, the FA can issue the
Registration Request directly to the Home Agent. Of course, the reason why we had
decided against this proposed in the beginning was because we wanted to reduce the
number of round trips required to gain service, but there seems to be cases where
this functionality is valuable.

So, what I'd like to propose is a new success result code:

DIAMETER_LIMITED_SUCCESS
   When returned, the request was successfully completed, but additional
   processing is required by the application in order to provide service
   to the user.

and then in the Mobile IP application, we could add/change:

An AMA message with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_SUCCESS MUST
include the MIP-Home-Agent-Address, MIP-Home-Mobile-Node-Address
and MIP-Reg-Reply AVPs. The MIP-Home-Agent-Address AVP contains
the Home Agent assigned to the Mobile Node, while the MIP-Mobile-Node-Address
AVP contains the home address that was assigned.

An AMA message with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_LIMITED_SUCCESS
MAY include the MIP-Home-Agent-Address AVP if a dynamically assigned home 
agent was requested by the mobile node. Upon receipt of this result
code, the foreign agent MUST issue the Registration Request to the Home
Agent in the manner described in [4].

Would this work?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 11:16:23 2001
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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 11:17:52 -0400
To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>, jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
From: David Mitton <david@mitton.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 6/11/01 02:09 PM -0700, Jonathan Wood wrote:
> >
> >I think there is some confusion here... There are two different issues 
> at hand:
> >1. enable multiple processes to run on the same machine
> >2. make sure there is only one connection between any two processes (or
> >not, but that's another subjet)
> >
> >(1) requires that each process be assigned a distinct port or IP address.
> >You cannot have two processes listening on port 1812. You could have one on
> >1812 and one on 1813, for instance (don't know which other protocol I just
> >bumped into...).
> >
> >(2) requires either:
> >- the use of SCTP which apparently solves the problem magically (don't know
> >how and why, haven't read the whole spec yet, but it was stated in some
> >previous e-mail).
> >- the use of TCP with a complex state machine to make sure we tear down one
> >of the two connections if two are established at the same time
> >- the use of TCP with the same port number of listening and accepting, as I
> >described.
> >
>
>I just checked the TCP spec on this (rfc793, section 3.4).
>TCP and SCTP both handle the situation in the same way, i.e.
>the two connections resolve into a single connection.
>
>Just to be absolutely clear: this only happens when the
>two connections are identical. For example, host A has
>IP address 192.168.100.100 and the local port 1812, and
>host B has IP address 192.168.200.200 and local port 1812.
>(Note that this means, in socket terms, both are listening
>on port 1812.) Now A and B then both try to connect() to
>each other from port 1812 to port 1812. These two connections
>are indistinguishable to both TCP and SCTP, and so *must*
>resolve into a single connection.
>
>If A or B had substitued any other port for their local
>port (like a transient port), there would be two different
>connections.
>
>So if you allow connecting from transient ports, then yes,
>you need to hack up the state machine to close one of
>the connections down. If you always connect from a well-
>known port, TCP and SCTP will take care of it for you.

There are no constraints on the value of the source port of the connection. 
It should be assumed to be an ephemeral port.  The well-known port is in 
use for listening.  A listening socket cannot make connections.

This is how most TCP protocols work.

Dave.


----------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                            978-288-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks
david@mitton.com   or      dmitton@nortelnetworks.com  



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 11:43:07 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>, Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
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References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010608190320.00d27260@pop.mail.yahoo.com> <Pine.GSO.4.21.0106081312070.9456-100000@knox6039> <20010608100626.K11643@charizard.diameter.org>
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Taking all of the comments on the list on this issue, I've come up with the
following text.

Comments appreciated,

PatC
----


5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP

   The Redirect-Host-Usage AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.
   This AVP MAY be present in Message-Reject-Answer messages that
   include the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.

   When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
   the MRA is to be used. The following values are supported:

      DONT_CACHE                        0
         The host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP should not be
         cached. This is the default value.

      ALL_REALM                         1
         All messages destined for the realm requested MAY be sent to
         the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP.

      REALM_AND_APPLICATION             2
         All messages for the application requested to the realm
         specified MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-
         Host AVP.


5.11  Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP

   The Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type
   Unsigned32. This AVP MUST be present in Message-Reject-Answer
   messages that include the Result-Code AVP set to
   DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION, and the Redirect-Host-Usage AVP set to
   a non-zero value.

   This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds the peer and route
   table entries, created as a result of the Redirect-Host, must be
   cached.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 11:50:09 2001
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To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
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On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 11:43:47PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> Actually, I think there are two more missing: Framed-IPv6-Pool and
> Framed-Ipv6-Route. I'll have updated text for these later this week. 

Bernard,

Here is the proposed text for the two new AVPs:



7.2.5.6  Framed-IPv6-Route AVP

   The Framed-IPv6-Route AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type UTF8String, and
   contains the routing information to be configured for the user on the
   NAS. Zero or more such AVPs MAY be present in an authorization
   response.

   The string MUST contain an IPv6 address prefix followed by a slash
   and a decimal length specifier stating how many high order bits of
   the prefix should be used. That is followed by a space, a gateway
   address in hexadecimal notation, a space, and one or more metrics
   separated by spaces. For example:
      "2000:0:0:106::/64 2000::106:a00:20ff:fe99:a998 1".

   Whenever the gateway address is the IPv6 unspecified address the IP
   address of the user SHOULD be used as the gateway address, such as:
      "2000:0:0:106::/64 :: 1".


7.2.5.7  Framed-IPv6-Pool AVP

   The Framed-IP-Route AVP (AVP Code 22) is of type UTF8String, and
   contains the name of an assigned pool that SHOULD be used to assign
   an IPv6 prefix for the user. If the access device does not support
   multiple prefix pools, it SHOULD ignore this AVP.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 11:51:37 2001
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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 11:51:25 -0400 (EDT)
From: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
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Pat,

Looks good.  One nit.

On Tue, 12 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> Taking all of the comments on the list on this issue, I've come up with the
> following text.
> 
> Comments appreciated,
> 
> PatC
> ----
> 
> 
> 5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
> 
>    The Redirect-Host-Usage AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.
>    This AVP MAY be present in Message-Reject-Answer messages that
>    include the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
> 
>    When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
>    the MRA is to be used. The following values are supported:
> 
>       DONT_CACHE                        0
>          The host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP should not be
>          cached. This is the default value.
> 
>       ALL_REALM                         1
>          All messages destined for the realm requested MAY be sent to
>          the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP.
> 
>       REALM_AND_APPLICATION             2
>          All messages for the application requested to the realm
>          specified MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-
>          Host AVP.
> 
> 
> 5.11  Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP
> 
>    The Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type
>    Unsigned32. This AVP MUST be present in Message-Reject-Answer
>    messages that include the Result-Code AVP set to
>    DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION, and the Redirect-Host-Usage AVP set to
>    a non-zero value.
> 
>    This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds the peer and route
>    table entries, created as a result of the Redirect-Host, must be
>    cached.

Can we change the above "must" to a "will".

-mark



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 12:23:02 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 42: Session-Timeout inconsistent with RADIUS spec
Message-ID: <20010612091129.O17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

The inconsistency identified was that RADIUS re-uses the Session-Timeout attribute
in Access-Challenge messages to inform the access device how long it should wait for
the user's response. In order to fix this issue, I propose adding the following text to
the base protocol specification:



10.14  Multi-Round-Time-Out AVP

   The Multi-Round-Time-Out AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32,
   and SHOULD be present in application-specific authorization answer
   messages whose Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH.
   This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds that the access
   device MUST provide the user in responding to an authentication
   request.


And the following text to the protocol conversion section (9.x) in the NASREQ
application specification.

9.1  RADIUS request forwarded as Diameter request

   [...]
      - If the Diameter Command-Code is set to AA-Answer and the
        Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, the gateway
        must send a RADIUS Access-Challenge with the the Diameter
        Session-Id and the Origin-Host AVPs are saved in the RADIUS
        State attribute, with the prefix "Diameter/". This is necessary
        in order to ensure that the protocol gateway that will receive
        the subsequent RADIUS Access-Request will have access to the
        Session Identifier, and be able to set the Destination-Host to
        the correct value. If the Multi-Round-Time-Out AVP is present,
        the value of the AVP MUST be inserted in the RADIUS Session-
        Timeout AVP.
[editor's note, new last sentence]

9.2  Diameter request forwarded as RADIUS request

   [...]
      - If the RADIUS code is set to Access-Challenge, a Diameter AA-
        Answer message is created with the Result-Code set to
        DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH. If the Session-Timeout AVP is present
        in the RADIUS message, its value is inserted in the Multi-
        Round-Time-Out AVP.
[editor's note, new last sentence]

Comments appreciated,

PatC


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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 09:26:50 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: "Irene Martin Cabello (ECE)" <Irene.Martin-Cabello@ece.ericsson.se>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of an Authentication or Authorization session.
Message-ID: <20010612092650.P17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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	'Pat Calhoun' <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
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In-Reply-To: <577066326047D41180AC00508B955DDA04F5EFA3@eestqnt104.es.eu.ericsson.se>; from Irene.Martin-Cabello@ece.ericsson.se on Tue, Jun 12, 2001 at 10:43:42AM +0200
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On Tue, Jun 12, 2001 at 10:43:42AM +0200, Irene Martin Cabello (ECE) wrote:
> In the Base Protocol (chapter 10.4, Authorization Lifetime) is writen: 
> "A value of zero means that no re-authorization is required". 
> I thought this value of zero was useful when AAA does not require a re-authentication 
> and/or re-authorization initiated from the access device, because the AAA will be in 
> charge of initiating it by means of sending an unsolicited AA-Answer message with the 
> Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH (former "AA-Challenge" message).

I believe what is being said here is that applications that KNOW that servers do not 
maintain session state may not require the overhead of STR messages. These service would
require a one-shot authorization and/or authentication request.

Here is an example. An incoming call on a NAS generates an autorization request to the
local server, on whether the call should be answered or not. If a successful answer is
sent, the NAS answers the phone, and begins PPP, etc.

If the existing state machine was used, the authorization request (may I answer the
call?) would require an STR.

So, without the change, we have the following:

1. Authorization Request
2. Authorization Answer
3. STR
4. STA
5. Authentication/Authorization (PPP) Request
6. Authentication/Authorization (PPP) Answer
7. STR
8. STA

with the proposed fix, we would have:
1. Authorization Request
2. Authorization Answer
3. Authentication/Authorization (PPP) Request
4. Authentication/Authorization (PPP) Answer
5. STR
6. STA

reducing the number of messages from 8 to 6, and this is just one such example.

> 
> But, according to your proposal, the value of zero implies that no session information 
> will be stored in the AAA. Then my above assumption was wrong, but then my question is: 
> when could be useful for the AAA to send an unsolicited re-authentication and/or 
> re-authorization? I think always the access device must be in charge of requesting 
> a re-authentication and/or re-authorization, and the AAA MUST clean up resources when 
> the Authorization lifettime expires without re-authorization.

I would claim that only stateful servers will ever issue re-auth messages towards the
access device. So, if a request is received with an Authorization-Lifetime of zero (0),
then the server can determine whether it is willing to accept this value or not. If it
wishes to maintain state information, it could either return an error, or simply insert
its own Authorization-Lifetime, which would cause the access device to send an STR when
the session is complete.

> 
> Also, I thought that when an "authentication only" request message is received in the 
> AAA, the AAA should validate the authentication but the AAA should not store any 
> session information since authorization is not requested. Is this wrong?

No, this is true.

> It would be very useful if it is clarified in NASREQ draft, when "authentication only" 
> and "authorization only" should be allowed/rejected.
ok

> Another question: when re-authorization is requested, the AAA should just extend the 
> "life" of the session and return the Authorization Lifetime in the AA-Answer message, 
> or should this message also include again the authorization AVPs provided in the 
> first AA-Answer message?
I suspect it would make sense to send in a complete request, in case it hits a different 
Diameter server in the network.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 12:38:24 2001
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From: Balazs Czoma <Balazs.Czoma@tic.siemens.ca>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: FW: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of 
	 an Authentication or Authorization session.
Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 11:54:05 -0400
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Irene Martin Cabello (ECE)

> In the Base Protocol (chapter 10.4, Authorization Lifetime) 
> is writen: 
> "A value of zero means that no re-authorization is required". 
> I thought this value of zero was useful when AAA does not 
> require a re-authentication and/or re-authorization initiated 
> from the access device, because the AAA will be in charge of 
> initiating it by means of sending an unsolicited AA-Answer 
> message with the Result-Code AVP set to 
> DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH (former "AA-Challenge" message).
> 
> But, according to your proposal, the value of zero implies 
> that no session information will be stored in the AAA. Then 
> my above assumption was wrong, but then my question is: when 
> could be useful for the AAA to send an unsolicited 
> re-authentication and/or re-authorization? I think always the 
> access device must be in charge of requesting a 
> re-authentication and/or re-authorization, and the AAA MUST 
> clean up resources when the Authorization lifettime expires 
> without re-authorization.

I think there is a misunderstanding here:

The server is the one who can tell if re-authorization is required. This
last sentence in the draft chapter 10.4 should better be separated from the
paragraph where the AVP provided by the client is discussed and stated that
it is for the case when the server includes this AVP with zero value.

If the client sends the AVP with zero value it can still have the meaning
that was proposed by Tony which is a very useful idea for us too.

Regards:
Balazs
____________________________________________
Balazs Czoma
Siemens Telecom Innovation Centre
mailto:Balazs.Czoma@tic.siemens.ca 
____________________________________________

 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 14:02:57 2001
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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 10:52:31 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 76: Destination-Realm & proxies/relays
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In order to close issue 76, I'd like to propose the following text to replace
what exists in section 3.0 in -05. Note that the change here is to add a 
new flag to the Diameter header, which is used to state that a message MAY be
proxied.

PatC
----

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |      Ver      |                 Message Length                |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |R P r r r r r r|                  Command-Code                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                           Vendor-ID                           |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                      Hop-by-Hop Identifier                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                      End-to-End Identifier                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |  AVPs ...
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-

   Version
      This Version field MUST be set to 1 to indicate Diameter Version
      1.

   Message Length
      The Message Length field is two octets and indicates the length of
      the Diameter message including the header fields.

   Command Flags
      The Command Flags field is eight bits.  The following bits are
      assigned:

         R(equest)   - If set, the message is a request. If cleared, the
                       message is an answer.
         P(roxiable) - If set, the message MAY be proxied. If cleared,
                       the message MUST be locally processed.
         r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and MUST
                      be set to zero.

I'd also have to remove the following sentence:

5.0  Diameter message processing

[...] A message that MUST NOT be relayed, proxied or redirected MUST NOT
include the Destination-Realm in its ABNF. [...] 


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From: Yiwen Jiang <Yiwen.Jiang@tic.siemens.ca>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 15:42:15 -0400
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Hi Pat,

I went back to my minutes, and here it is about the home state blob... Sorry
about the late response.

32. Home state blob need to be in the Diameter.
PatC: Bernard said at least this must be supported in the Diameter: Allow
      the home return some state attribute. 
Paul: Not sure if we need to require NAS to keep state. It also has to do
      with reauthorizations, etc. If we allow re-auth to go to different
      home servers, we may allow the home server 1 to connect to home
      server 2 to pass information.
PatC: So this is a new feature.
Paul: Bring it as a question to the list.

Hope this helps,

Yiwen

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: Tuesday, June 05, 2001 8:12 PM
> To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
> 
> 
> All,
> 
> I am going through my notes, and I cannot figure out what 
> this issue was
> all about. Since it was assigned to Paul, and I have yet to 
> receive any
> text from Paul, I assume that either he also doesn't remember, or it
> wasn't that important.
> 
> Does anyone else that was at the interim meeting recall what 
> Issue 37 was
> all about?
> 
> PatC
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 17:57:43 2001
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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'David Mitton'" <david@mitton.com>, Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>,
        jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Mitton [mailto:david@mitton.com]
...
> There are no constraints on the value of the source port of 
> the connection. 
> It should be assumed to be an ephemeral port.  The well-known 
> port is in 
> use for listening.  A listening socket cannot make connections.
> 
> This is how most TCP protocols work.

Okay, so it would seem that duplicate connections are not preventable,
right?  Or at least, not for the common denominator.

So, given that, should we revert to Mark's latest offering for the state
machine?  (Or did I miss a "multiple transport connections are OK now"
verdict?)

Is my suggestion that implementations periodically check for duplicates
unreasonable/difficult to implement/inefficient?

-Brian


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 18:08:29 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Request & answer routing clarification
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010611101130.00bfd900@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 01:10:35PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 01:10:35PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
[...]
> It is necessary to clarify the use of Destination-Realm & Destination-Host 
> in Request routing.

ok

> If I finally got it right, Destination-Host is used only to target a 
> specific host within a number of servers serving a given realm. This is 
> achieved by sending to that host when said host is in the peer table, 
> otherwise Destination-Realm is used. When reading the draft, it looks like 
> it is used to talk directly from the client to the specified server.

correct.

> Requested change:
> 
> Sorry, a bit long. The important changes are:
> - added overview in 5.1, with 3 cases for Destination-Realm & Destination-Host
> - added sections 5.1.1 & 5.1.2 about originated and sending a request
> - separated request (5.1.x) and answer (5.2.x) processing & routing
> - used "request" rather than message where it is needed to clarify things
> - moved answer generation to 5.2
> - changed "domain" to "realm" in routing table
> - added default routing table entry discussion

ok. after finally going over your comments, I've pretty much accepted all of the
changes, with some minor grammatical changes.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 19:49:37 2001
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On Tue, Jun 12, 2001 at 04:54:42PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: David Mitton [mailto:david@mitton.com]
> ...
> > There are no constraints on the value of the source port of 
> > the connection. 
> > It should be assumed to be an ephemeral port.  The well-known 
> > port is in 
> > use for listening.  A listening socket cannot make connections.
> > 
> > This is how most TCP protocols work.
> 
> Okay, so it would seem that duplicate connections are not preventable,
> right?  Or at least, not for the common denominator.

No, they are in fact preventable, by ensuring that the source port is NOT
the same as the destination port. So, if we require that the connection NOT
be established on the listening port, then we can ensure that both sides of
the connection will create a separate connection.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 20:43:47 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 67: How to deal with CER and CEA in the case of SCTP
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All,

Jonathan Wood's email confirmed that this problem exists also in TCP,
and this issue stated that a fix must be implementated to allow the
current state machine to work properly should a single connection 
be created as a result of two simultaneous connection requests with the
same IP and port information.

I would like to suggest that we fix this issue by stating that one cannot
initiate a connection from the default Diameter listening port. This
will ensure that processes that listen on the default port WILL NOT
run into this problem, and no changes would be required on the state
machine.

Comments?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 12 23:26:24 2001
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From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>,
        "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 20:24:05 -0700
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Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi] writes:

<text elided>

> > The interesting question is whether NASes MUST implement e2e
> > security. This seems somewhat too harsh to me, because some are quite
> > modest devices (e.g. Access Points selling for $250). Also, it is likely
> > that proxies will frequently be the endpoint for e2e, not NASes, purely
> > for the purpose of manageability (don't have to put certs on every NAS,
> > etc.). So this might be a SHOULD.
>
> I support SHOULD.

I have no big problem with this, as long as there is a discussion of the
risks involved in relying upon an intermediary for "end-to-end" security
placed in (at least) the Security Considerations" section.

>
> Jari
>
>
>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 03:39:42 2001
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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 20:23:54 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 72: Downstream/upstream confusion
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Pat,

Not sure I agree with the definition of up/downstream. For me the fact that 
we define that as "upstream" and "downstream" rather than "up" or "down" is 
a reference to a flow (like a river). And such flow normally goes from 
upstream to downstream (the terms are used in reference to the direction of 
"normal" requests).

But the important thing is that everything is consistent. If you don't want 
to change the definitions for up/downstream, change the following:

In 6.1 Application Identifiers:

    Diameter relay and proxy agents are responsible for finding a
    downstream server that supports the application of a particular
    message. If none can be found, a MRA message is returned with the
    Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER.

Should be upstream, then.

And in 10.10  Inferring Session Termination from Origin-State-Id:

    When a Diameter server receives a Origin-State-Id that is greater
    than the Origin-State-Id previously received from the same issuer, it
    may assume that the issuer has lost state since the previous message
    and that all sessions that were active under the lower Origin-State-
    Id have been terminated. The Diameter server MAY clean up all session
    state associated with such lost sessions, and MAY also issues STRs
    for all such lost sessions that were authorized on downstream
    servers, to allow session state to be cleaned up globally.

Should be upstream too, then.

Jacques.

At 15:57 12/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>Jacques,
>
>I've looked at the base protocol, and I cannot find any inconsistencies in 
>the use of
>the terms downstream and upstream. In all cases, upstream implies towards 
>the home
>server, and downstream is towards the access device.
>
>I have asked the list of folks think this needs to be changed, and there 
>doesn't appear
>to be any consensus, so I am against changing it at this point.
>
>To me, something goes up before it goes down, so it seems logical to me 
>that a request
>go up towards the home, and back down towards the access device. The only 
>way this logic
>is broken is for unsolicited server-initiated messages, when things go 
>down before they
>go up :(
>
>so looking at your proposed fixes. you seem to request that the terms be 
>inversed,
>but your issue description implies that the terms are used inconsistently. 
>Could
>you point to these areas, since a read through the document doesn't help 
>me find
>them :(
>
>Thanks,
>
>PatC


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 03:40:12 2001
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Date: Tue, 12 Jun 2001 20:40:26 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
Cc: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
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Pat,

Please see comments inline.

At 17:32 12/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
>
>    The Redirect-Host-Usage AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.
>    This AVP MAY be present in Message-Reject-Answer messages that
>    include the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
>
>    When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
>    the MRA is to be used. The following values are supported:

      When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
      the MRA is to be cached for use in subsequent related requests. The
      following values are supported:

>       DONT_CACHE                        0
>          The host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP should not be
>          cached. This is the default value.

         ALL_SESSION                        1
            All messages within the same session, as defined by the same
            value of the Session-ID AVP MAY be sent to the host specified
            in the Redirect-Host AVP.

[...though I should probably read whatever is the current state of 
discussion on Session-ID and Multi-Session-ID... Please fix as deemed 
appropriate]

[shift the following two by one]

>      ALL_REALM                         1
>          All messages destined for the realm requested MAY be sent to
>          the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP.
>
>       REALM_AND_APPLICATION             2
>          All messages for the application requested to the realm
>          specified MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-
>          Host AVP.

         ALL_APPLICATION                    4
            All messages for the application requested MAY be sent to the
            host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP.

[don't know what it would be used for, but it just seems logical to have]

         ALL_HOST                           5
            All messages that would be sent to the host that generated the
            MRA MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP.

[Might be useful when a given server is about to be shut down for 
maintenance, for instance]

An alternative way of doing things would be to have an AVP that would list 
a set of AVP codes that must match with the current one's to be sent to the 
same host. More complex, but way more tailorable to everybody's needs.


>5.11  Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP
>
>    The Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type
>    Unsigned32. This AVP MUST be present in Message-Reject-Answer
>    messages that include the Result-Code AVP set to
>    DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION, and the Redirect-Host-Usage AVP set to
>    a non-zero value.

Could change MUST to may, and then make cache expiration a purely local 
decision?

>    This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds the peer and route
>    table entries, created as a result of the Redirect-Host, must be
>    cached.

must -> can/is allowed to?

Probably also need to add something somewhere that states that all cache 
entries that send to a given host should be expired right away if the 
connection to said host goes down?

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 04:29:04 2001
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From: jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, tony.johansson@ericsson.com
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of 
	an Authentication or Authorization session.
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Hi,

I also find this useful. A clarifying question still, is this only
applicable for the case where the access device has set the
Authorization-Lifetime to zero in the first authentication/authorization
request or is it possible for a server to implicitely terminate any ongoing
session by setting the Authorization-Lifetime to zero even without any hint
from the access device? I assume that it is the first case. Correct?

Br, Jaakko 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> Sent: 12 June, 2001 3:48
> To: Tony Johansson
> Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77: Possibility for implicit 
> termination of
> an Authentication or Authorization session.
> 
> 
> Tony,
> 
> This works for me, and including a zero 
> Authorization-Lifetime is a great way
> for an access device to signal that it doesn't expect to send 
> additional messages to
> the home server. Of course, I *think* that some issues MAY 
> arise if the home server
> decides that it wishes to maintain state, so a Result-Code 
> value must also be 
> created to allow the server to reject specifically this 
> request (as opposed to some
> complicated Failed-AVP processing.
> 
> Anyone object to this reasonable request? I can think of 
> quite a few uses.
> 
> PatC
> On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 04:45:12PM -0700, Tony Johansson wrote:
> > All,
> > 
> > Here is a new issue.
> > 
> > /Tony
> > 
> > Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of an 
> Authentication or
> > Authorization session.
> > Submitter name: Tony Johansson
> > Submitter email address: tony.johansson@ericsson.com
> > Date first submitted: 2001-06-11
> > Reference:
> > Document: Base
> > Comment type: T
> > Priority: 1
> > Section: 10
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > There may be cases where you don't need to store any 
> session information
> > in the AAA. For example, there may be cases where the 
> access device will
> > handle all seesion information. Thus, an access device may request
> > authentication as a one time thing and no further messages would be
> > needed between the access device and the AAA.
> > 
> > Proposal:
> > Perhaps a request from the access device SHOULD allow the
> > Authorization-Lifetime (as a hint to the server). A value of zero
> > implies that no state should be created, and no STR will be sent. A
> > value of zero is a one-shot thing (auth once, never hear 
> from me again).
> > 
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 09:45:13 2001
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Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 15:42:34 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>,
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At 01:34 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>No, they are in fact preventable, by ensuring that the source port is NOT
>the same as the destination port. So, if we require that the connection NOT
>be established on the listening port, then we can ensure that both sides of
>the connection will create a separate connection.

Isn't that exactly what we're trying to avoid?

Getting completely lost here :-(

Please select the right one:

1. We want to make sure there is never more than one active connection 
between any two processes
2. We don't care if there are multiple active connections between any two 
processes
3. The problem is something completely different?

As I understand it, we want (1) and the original problem was that the state 
machine uses/used IP addresses to detect duplicate connections. Just make 
it use the remote host identity (Host descriptor) received in the CER/CEA 
(the Host descriptor MUST be always the same for a given process). Don't 
know if that affects the state machine or not, though.

BTW, I'm not sure we need such a complex state machine. Connecting to a 
peer and receiving a connection from a peer should be two totally distinct 
state machines (pretty basic in operation, one is: connect, send CER, wait 
for CEA, and the other is accept, wait for CER, send CEA -- plus of course 
error handling at all intermediate steps). Just add that upon receipt of 
the remote's Host descriptor (in a CEA in the first case, in the CER in the 
other), it should be compared against those we already have a connection 
to, and if there is a match, the connection established by the peer with 
the lexically greater host descriptor has to be shut down).

I would add that having a single state machine for both is quite hard: how 
do you know a connection you receive actually goes into the same state 
machine as one you initiated until you received the Host descriptor?

Another option (now that we ruled out the "use same port for listening and 
connecting" because socket implementations are just too dumb and don't 
accept a perfectly legitimate TCP case) would be to have each server 
establish an outgoing connection, and use that one for sending, while still 
listening on both. Stupid waste of resources (sockets/file descriptors...) 
though.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 09:54:04 2001
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On Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 03:42:34PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 01:34 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >No, they are in fact preventable, by ensuring that the source port is NOT
> >the same as the destination port. So, if we require that the connection NOT
> >be established on the listening port, then we can ensure that both sides of
> >the connection will create a separate connection.
> 
> Isn't that exactly what we're trying to avoid?

We do want to avoid multiple connections, but we have identified that if all
of the ports are the same, both sides will think that they've setup the
connection, and this would either require:
1. additional massive state machine complications
2. change of CER/CEA message back to an indication-like message, or
3. Require that both sides issue CER, and CEA is just an ack and contains
   no capabilities.

> Please select the right one:
> 
> 1. We want to make sure there is never more than one active connection 
> between any two processes
> 2. We don't care if there are multiple active connections between any two 
> processes
> 3. The problem is something completely different?

We want a single connection, and we want to be able to identify when
multiple connections are active so we can close them. This is a separate
issue from what I was talking about.

> 
> As I understand it, we want (1) and the original problem was that the state 
> machine uses/used IP addresses to detect duplicate connections. Just make 
> it use the remote host identity (Host descriptor) received in the CER/CEA 
> (the Host descriptor MUST be always the same for a given process). Don't 
> know if that affects the state machine or not, though.

According to Paul, the changes should be minimal.

> 
> BTW, I'm not sure we need such a complex state machine. Connecting to a 
> peer and receiving a connection from a peer should be two totally distinct 
> state machines (pretty basic in operation, one is: connect, send CER, wait 
> for CEA, and the other is accept, wait for CER, send CEA -- plus of course 
> error handling at all intermediate steps). Just add that upon receipt of 
> the remote's Host descriptor (in a CEA in the first case, in the CER in the 
> other), it should be compared against those we already have a connection 
> to, and if there is a match, the connection established by the peer with 
> the lexically greater host descriptor has to be shut down).

but you need to handle the cases where unexpected events occur while in
intermediate (non-open) states. That's where the complexity occurs. I agree
that we could simplify the SM by allowing all connections to move towards the
open state, and close it when it reaches that point. That would reduce the
number of interim states that need to check for existing connections, but
you could *still* get into a race condition :(

> 
> I would add that having a single state machine for both is quite hard: how 
> do you know a connection you receive actually goes into the same state 
> machine as one you initiated until you received the Host descriptor?

well, either you initiate the connection, or you don't. It doesn't seem
that hard to me :(

> 
> Another option (now that we ruled out the "use same port for listening and 
> connecting" because socket implementations are just too dumb and don't 
> accept a perfectly legitimate TCP case) would be to have each server 
> establish an outgoing connection, and use that one for sending, while still 
> listening on both. Stupid waste of resources (sockets/file descriptors...) 
> though.

I'd prefer a good solid state machine. Let's be honest here. I wrote the state
machine in -05 is less than a day. This isn't black magic, or rocket science :)

PatC



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On Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 11:28:52AM +0300, jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I also find this useful. A clarifying question still, is this only
> applicable for the case where the access device has set the
> Authorization-Lifetime to zero in the first authentication/authorization
> request or is it possible for a server to implicitely terminate any ongoing
> session by setting the Authorization-Lifetime to zero even without any hint
> from the access device? I assume that it is the first case. Correct?

Correct, and of course, the text would have the explicitely state this.

Thanks for pointing this out,

PatC
> 
> Br, Jaakko 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: ext Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> > Sent: 12 June, 2001 3:48
> > To: Tony Johansson
> > Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> > Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77: Possibility for implicit 
> > termination of
> > an Authentication or Authorization session.
> > 
> > 
> > Tony,
> > 
> > This works for me, and including a zero 
> > Authorization-Lifetime is a great way
> > for an access device to signal that it doesn't expect to send 
> > additional messages to
> > the home server. Of course, I *think* that some issues MAY 
> > arise if the home server
> > decides that it wishes to maintain state, so a Result-Code 
> > value must also be 
> > created to allow the server to reject specifically this 
> > request (as opposed to some
> > complicated Failed-AVP processing.
> > 
> > Anyone object to this reasonable request? I can think of 
> > quite a few uses.
> > 
> > PatC
> > On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 04:45:12PM -0700, Tony Johansson wrote:
> > > All,
> > > 
> > > Here is a new issue.
> > > 
> > > /Tony
> > > 
> > > Issue 77:  Possibility for implicit termination of an 
> > Authentication or
> > > Authorization session.
> > > Submitter name: Tony Johansson
> > > Submitter email address: tony.johansson@ericsson.com
> > > Date first submitted: 2001-06-11
> > > Reference:
> > > Document: Base
> > > Comment type: T
> > > Priority: 1
> > > Section: 10
> > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > > There may be cases where you don't need to store any 
> > session information
> > > in the AAA. For example, there may be cases where the 
> > access device will
> > > handle all seesion information. Thus, an access device may request
> > > authentication as a one time thing and no further messages would be
> > > needed between the access device and the AAA.
> > > 
> > > Proposal:
> > > Perhaps a request from the access device SHOULD allow the
> > > Authorization-Lifetime (as a hint to the server). A value of zero
> > > implies that no state should be created, and no STR will be sent. A
> > > value of zero is a one-shot thing (auth once, never hear 
> > from me again).
> > > 
> > 


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To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 72: Downstream/upstream confusion
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On Tue, Jun 12, 2001 at 08:23:54PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Not sure I agree with the definition of up/downstream. For me the fact that 
> we define that as "upstream" and "downstream" rather than "up" or "down" is 
> a reference to a flow (like a river). And such flow normally goes from 
> upstream to downstream (the terms are used in reference to the direction of 
> "normal" requests).

We appear to be saying the same thing. Things do upstream, and then downstream.

> 
> But the important thing is that everything is consistent.

agreed.

>  If you don't want 
> to change the definitions for up/downstream, change the following:
> 
> In 6.1 Application Identifiers:
> 
>     Diameter relay and proxy agents are responsible for finding a
>     downstream server that supports the application of a particular
>     message. If none can be found, a MRA message is returned with the
>     Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER.
> 
> Should be upstream, then.

correct.
> 
> And in 10.10  Inferring Session Termination from Origin-State-Id:
> 
>     When a Diameter server receives a Origin-State-Id that is greater
>     than the Origin-State-Id previously received from the same issuer, it
>     may assume that the issuer has lost state since the previous message
>     and that all sessions that were active under the lower Origin-State-
>     Id have been terminated. The Diameter server MAY clean up all session
>     state associated with such lost sessions, and MAY also issues STRs
>     for all such lost sessions that were authorized on downstream
>     servers, to allow session state to be cleaned up globally.
> 
> Should be upstream too, then.

hmmmm.... this text comes from Paul, and I missed the problem here. First of
all, this text implies that the server initiates an STR, when this is typically
done by the access device. So, perhaps ASR is what was meant here. In which 
case downstream would be correct, but not "downstream servers", and instead
"downstream clients".

Paul?!?

PatC


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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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At 15:43 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 03:42:34PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > At 01:34 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >No, they are in fact preventable, by ensuring that the source port is NOT
> > >the same as the destination port. So, if we require that the 
> connection NOT
> > >be established on the listening port, then we can ensure that both 
> sides of
> > >the connection will create a separate connection.
> >
> > Isn't that exactly what we're trying to avoid?
>
>We do want to avoid multiple connections, but we have identified that if all
>of the ports are the same, both sides will think that they've setup the
>connection

If you're referring to using the same port for listening and connecting, 
then the issue is mostly that most socket implementations just don't allow 
that. If they allowed it (as BSD stacks do with SO_REUSEPORT), then there 
could be only a single connection established, which would solve the problem.

> > BTW, I'm not sure we need such a complex state machine. Connecting to a
> > peer and receiving a connection from a peer should be two totally distinct
> > state machines (pretty basic in operation, one is: connect, send CER, wait
> > for CEA, and the other is accept, wait for CER, send CEA -- plus of course
> > error handling at all intermediate steps). Just add that upon receipt of
> > the remote's Host descriptor (in a CEA in the first case, in the CER in 
> the
> > other), it should be compared against those we already have a connection
> > to, and if there is a match, the connection established by the peer with
> > the lexically greater host descriptor has to be shut down).
>
>but you need to handle the cases where unexpected events occur while in
>intermediate (non-open) states. That's where the complexity occurs. I agree
>that we could simplify the SM by allowing all connections to move towards the
>open state, and close it when it reaches that point. That would reduce the
>number of interim states that need to check for existing connections, but
>you could *still* get into a race condition :(

At any time you have an error (connect fails, timeout waiting for CER, 
connection dropped), shutdown the connection and go back to closed state. 
Still need some mechanism to introduce a delay before the next retry, 
though, not sure that's present anywhere in the current state machine or 
elsewhere in the draft?

> > I would add that having a single state machine for both is quite hard: how
> > do you know a connection you receive actually goes into the same state
> > machine as one you initiated until you received the Host descriptor?
>
>well, either you initiate the connection, or you don't. It doesn't seem
>that hard to me :(

I meant to identify a connection that you receive as being associated to 
the same peer as one you already started establishing.

Imagine host A has processes A1 and A2, and host B has process B1.

B1 initiates a call to A1 and is somewhere in the state machine.
A2 initiates a call to B1. How does B1 know this is a connection from A2 
(which would be a R-Rcv-Conn-Req in state Closed) rather than from A1 
(which would be a R-Rcv-Conn-Req in some other state of the machine 
associated to the connection to A1)? When B1 accepts the call, it only 
knows the IP of A, which is the same for A1 and A2. It will know it's a 
different host only when it receives a CER from A2.

And if the only moment you can "match" two connections to the same host is 
when you receive the CER (or CEA), no problem, just do an election at that 
time and shutdown the connection that lost.

> > Another option (now that we ruled out the "use same port for listening and
> > connecting" because socket implementations are just too dumb and don't
> > accept a perfectly legitimate TCP case) would be to have each server
> > establish an outgoing connection, and use that one for sending, while 
> still
> > listening on both. Stupid waste of resources (sockets/file descriptors...)
> > though.
>
>I'd prefer a good solid state machine. Let's be honest here. I wrote the state
>machine in -05 is less than a day. This isn't black magic, or rocket 
>science :)

Nope. Here is my proposal:

Initiating a connection state machine

       state            event              action         next state
       -----------------------------------------------------------------
       Closed           Start            Snd-Conn-Req     Wait-Conn-Ack

       Wait-Conn-Ack    Rcv-Conn-Ack     Snd-CER          Wait-CEA
                        Rcv-Conn-Nack    Cleanup          Closed
                        Timeout          Error            Closed

       Wait-CEA         Rcv-CEA          Process-CEA,     Elect
                                         Elect
                        Peer-Disc        Disc             Closed
                        Timeout          Error            Closed

       Elect            No-Elect         Nothing          Open
                        Win-Elect        Close other      Open
                        Lose-Elect       Error            Closed

       Open             Send-Message     Snd-Non-CER/CEA  Open
                        Rcv-Non-CER/CEA  Process          Open
                        WatchDog-Timer   Snd-DWR          Open
                        Rcv-DWA          Process-DWA      Open
                        Stop             Disc             Closed
                        Peer-Disc        Disc             Closed
                        Rcv-CER/CEA      Error            Closed

Receiving a connection state machine

       state            event              action         next state
       -----------------------------------------------------------------
       Closed           Rcv-Conn-Req     Snd-Conn-Ack     Wait-CER

       Wait-CER         Rcv-CER          Process_CER,     Elect
                                         Elect
                        Timeout          Error            Closed

       Elect            No-Elect         Snd-CEA          Open
                        Win-Elect        Close other,     Open
                                         Snd-CEA
                        Lose-Elect       Error            Closed

       Open             Send-Message     Snd-Non-CER/CEA  Open
                        Rcv-Non-CER/CEA  Process          Open
                        WatchDog-Timer   Snd-DWR          Open
                        Rcv-DWA          Process-DWA      Open
                        Stop             Snd-Disc         Closed
                        Peer-Disc        Disc             Closed
                        Rcv-CER/CEA      Error            Closed

No-Elect means no match was found. Win-Elect means this connection won. 
Lose-Elect means this connection lost. Election is based on Host received 
against Host local server would send.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 11:09:39 2001
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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 53: What if the AAAL cannot reach the HA
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> What I believe this issue is asking for is the ability for 
> the AMR to authenticate
> and authorize the user, and reply with an AMA. At that point, 
> the FA can issue the
> Registration Request directly to the Home Agent. Of course, 
> the reason why we had
> decided against this proposed in the beginning was because we 
> wanted to reduce the
> number of round trips required to gain service, but there 
> seems to be cases where
> this functionality is valuable.

Pat,

You are right - this is exactly the behaviour I was
asking for with this issue. 

I believe the solution you proposed in your e-mail would work.
It sure is good to have some explicit way of indicating that 
the FA needs to forward the request to the HA (such as the new 
result code you're proposing), rather than just deducing this 
based on the absence of the MIP-Reg-Reply AVP.

Thanks,
Henry


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 11:53:57 2001
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Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 17:50:26 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 72: Downstream/upstream confusion
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 16:20 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Tue, Jun 12, 2001 at 08:23:54PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > Not sure I agree with the definition of up/downstream. For me the fact 
> that
> > we define that as "upstream" and "downstream" rather than "up" or 
> "down" is
> > a reference to a flow (like a river). And such flow normally goes from
> > upstream to downstream (the terms are used in reference to the 
> direction of
> > "normal" requests).
>
>We appear to be saying the same thing. Things do upstream, and then 
>downstream.

Nope. I say things go FROM upstream TO downstream. In our case, upstream 
and downstream define relative locations, not directions :-)

> > And in 10.10  Inferring Session Termination from Origin-State-Id:
> >
> >     When a Diameter server receives a Origin-State-Id that is greater
> >     than the Origin-State-Id previously received from the same issuer, it
> >     may assume that the issuer has lost state since the previous message
> >     and that all sessions that were active under the lower Origin-State-
> >     Id have been terminated. The Diameter server MAY clean up all session
> >     state associated with such lost sessions, and MAY also issues STRs
> >     for all such lost sessions that were authorized on downstream
> >     servers, to allow session state to be cleaned up globally.
> >
> > Should be upstream too, then.
>
>hmmmm.... this text comes from Paul, and I missed the problem here. First of
>all, this text implies that the server initiates an STR, when this is 
>typically
>done by the access device. So, perhaps ASR is what was meant here. In which
>case downstream would be correct, but not "downstream servers", and instead
>"downstream clients".
>
>Paul?!?

Well, since the server (or rather proxy in this case) just detected that 
the client rebooted, there is no need to terminate all sessions on the 
client... I think it's another issue of those famous STRs sent by proxies 
"on behalf" of the NASes erk erk erk ;-)

Jacques.


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 72: Downstream/upstream confusion
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010613174039.00c0c690@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 05:50:26PM +0200
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On Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 05:50:26PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Nope. I say things go FROM upstream TO downstream. In our case, upstream 
> and downstream define relative locations, not directions :-)

Ah, now I get your point. It depends upon where the message was originated, and the
request is always upstream, and the answer is always downstream. Is this correct?

> 
> > > And in 10.10  Inferring Session Termination from Origin-State-Id:
> > >
> > >     When a Diameter server receives a Origin-State-Id that is greater
> > >     than the Origin-State-Id previously received from the same issuer, it
> > >     may assume that the issuer has lost state since the previous message
> > >     and that all sessions that were active under the lower Origin-State-
> > >     Id have been terminated. The Diameter server MAY clean up all session
> > >     state associated with such lost sessions, and MAY also issues STRs
> > >     for all such lost sessions that were authorized on downstream
> > >     servers, to allow session state to be cleaned up globally.
> > >
> > > Should be upstream too, then.
> >
> >hmmmm.... this text comes from Paul, and I missed the problem here. First of
> >all, this text implies that the server initiates an STR, when this is 
> >typically
> >done by the access device. So, perhaps ASR is what was meant here. In which
> >case downstream would be correct, but not "downstream servers", and instead
> >"downstream clients".
> >
> >Paul?!?
> 
> Well, since the server (or rather proxy in this case) just detected that 
> the client rebooted, there is no need to terminate all sessions on the 
> client... I think it's another issue of those famous STRs sent by proxies 
> "on behalf" of the NASes erk erk erk ;-)

That is some nastiness that the protocol shouldn't support, IMHO. Adding this
complexity to proxies is really unnecessary, since the NAS would have to know
anyways whether it should send an STR, and you may end up in a situation where
both the NAS and a proxy send STRs.

PatC


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Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 18:37:48 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 72: Downstream/upstream confusion
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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 <4.3.2.7.2.20010612201407.00bf8120@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
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At 18:23 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 05:50:26PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > Nope. I say things go FROM upstream TO downstream. In our case, upstream
> > and downstream define relative locations, not directions :-)
>
>Ah, now I get your point. It depends upon where the message was 
>originated, and the
>request is always upstream, and the answer is always downstream. Is this 
>correct?

The request follows the stream, and goes from upstream to downstream. The 
answer is a bit weird since it goes downstream to upstream (like a salmon 
that tries to go upstream to lay its eggs...)

> > Well, since the server (or rather proxy in this case) just detected that
> > the client rebooted, there is no need to terminate all sessions on the
> > client... I think it's another issue of those famous STRs sent by proxies
> > "on behalf" of the NASes erk erk erk ;-)
>
>That is some nastiness that the protocol shouldn't support, IMHO. Adding this
>complexity to proxies is really unnecessary, since the NAS would have to know
>anyways whether it should send an STR, and you may end up in a situation where
>both the NAS and a proxy send STRs.

If the NAS rebooted, it does not know anything about the previous 
sessions... The goal of the previous paragraph is to do some quick cleanup, 
i.e. be a bit more proactive on fixing the sessions that got lost than 
having the server wait for the next request from that client (which might 
be very far away in the future in a roaming environment).

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 12:43:09 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 72: Downstream/upstream confusion
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On Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 06:37:48PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 18:23 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >On Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 05:50:26PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > Nope. I say things go FROM upstream TO downstream. In our case, upstream
> > > and downstream define relative locations, not directions :-)
> >
> >Ah, now I get your point. It depends upon where the message was 
> >originated, and the
> >request is always upstream, and the answer is always downstream. Is this 
> >correct?
> 
> The request follows the stream, and goes from upstream to downstream. The 
> answer is a bit weird since it goes downstream to upstream (like a salmon 
> that tries to go upstream to lay its eggs...)

hmmmm..... ok. I don't actually mind this since the text in the draft currently
assumes that the message is from the access device towards the home, and this
isn't true for server initiated messages. Therefore, I would be willing to make
such a change, if the WG agreed.

> 
> > > Well, since the server (or rather proxy in this case) just detected that
> > > the client rebooted, there is no need to terminate all sessions on the
> > > client... I think it's another issue of those famous STRs sent by proxies
> > > "on behalf" of the NASes erk erk erk ;-)
> >
> >That is some nastiness that the protocol shouldn't support, IMHO. Adding this
> >complexity to proxies is really unnecessary, since the NAS would have to know
> >anyways whether it should send an STR, and you may end up in a situation where
> >both the NAS and a proxy send STRs.
> 
> If the NAS rebooted, it does not know anything about the previous 
> sessions... The goal of the previous paragraph is to do some quick cleanup, 
> i.e. be a bit more proactive on fixing the sessions that got lost than 
> having the server wait for the next request from that client (which might 
> be very far away in the future in a roaming environment).

duh. sorry, I had forgotten that's what this was used for :(

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 15:53:48 2001
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        Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
From: David Mitton <david@mitton.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
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At 6/12/01 04:34 PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Tue, Jun 12, 2001 at 04:54:42PM -0500, Cain Brian-BCAIN1 wrote:
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: David Mitton [mailto:david@mitton.com]
> > ...
> > > There are no constraints on the value of the source port of
> > > the connection.
> > > It should be assumed to be an ephemeral port.  The well-known
> > > port is in
> > > use for listening.  A listening socket cannot make connections.
> > >
> > > This is how most TCP protocols work.
> >
> > Okay, so it would seem that duplicate connections are not preventable,
> > right?  Or at least, not for the common denominator.
>
>No, they are in fact preventable, by ensuring that the source port is NOT
>the same as the destination port. So, if we require that the connection NOT
>be established on the listening port, then we can ensure that both sides of
>the connection will create a separate connection.
>
>PatC

The point I'm trying to make is that people are trying to make bad 
assumptions about port numbers relative to running server instances.

I think we want to leave actual port values out of it and use the contents 
of the message as the server identifier.

Dave.
----------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                            978-288-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks
david@mitton.com   or      dmitton@nortelnetworks.com  



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 16:08:47 2001
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Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 16:10:58 -0400
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        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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At 6/13/01 10:55 AM -0400, Jacques Caron wrote:

>At 15:43 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >On Wed, Jun 13, 2001 at 03:42:34PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > At 01:34 13/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > > >No, they are in fact preventable, by ensuring that the source port 
> is NOT
> > > >the same as the destination port. So, if we require that the
> > connection NOT
> > > >be established on the listening port, then we can ensure that both
> > sides of
> > > >the connection will create a separate connection.
> > >
> > > Isn't that exactly what we're trying to avoid?
> >
> >We do want to avoid multiple connections, but we have identified that if 
> all
> >of the ports are the same, both sides will think that they've setup the
> >connection
>
>If you're referring to using the same port for listening and connecting,
>then the issue is mostly that most socket implementations just don't allow
>that. If they allowed it (as BSD stacks do with SO_REUSEPORT), then there
>could be only a single connection established, which would solve the problem.

It's just not done that way, give it up.


> > > BTW, I'm not sure we need such a complex state machine. Connecting to a
> > > peer and receiving a connection from a peer should be two totally 
> distinct
> > > state machines (pretty basic in operation, one is: connect, send CER, 
> wait
> > > for CEA, and the other is accept, wait for CER, send CEA -- plus of 
> course
> > > error handling at all intermediate steps). Just add that upon receipt of
> > > the remote's Host descriptor (in a CEA in the first case, in the CER in
> > the
> > > other), it should be compared against those we already have a connection
> > > to, and if there is a match, the connection established by the peer with
> > > the lexically greater host descriptor has to be shut down).
> >
> >but you need to handle the cases where unexpected events occur while in
> >intermediate (non-open) states. That's where the complexity occurs. I agree
> >that we could simplify the SM by allowing all connections to move 
> towards the
> >open state, and close it when it reaches that point. That would reduce the
> >number of interim states that need to check for existing connections, but
> >you could *still* get into a race condition :(
>
>At any time you have an error (connect fails, timeout waiting for CER,
>connection dropped), shutdown the connection and go back to closed state.
>Still need some mechanism to introduce a delay before the next retry,
>though, not sure that's present anywhere in the current state machine or
>elsewhere in the draft?

I'm not sure that a delay is required.


> > > I would add that having a single state machine for both is quite 
> hard: how
> > > do you know a connection you receive actually goes into the same state
> > > machine as one you initiated until you received the Host descriptor?
> >
> >well, either you initiate the connection, or you don't. It doesn't seem
> >that hard to me :(
>
>I meant to identify a connection that you receive as being associated to
>the same peer as one you already started establishing.
>
>Imagine host A has processes A1 and A2, and host B has process B1.
>
>B1 initiates a call to A1 and is somewhere in the state machine.
>A2 initiates a call to B1. How does B1 know this is a connection from A2
>(which would be a R-Rcv-Conn-Req in state Closed) rather than from A1
>(which would be a R-Rcv-Conn-Req in some other state of the machine
>associated to the connection to A1)? When B1 accepts the call, it only
>knows the IP of A, which is the same for A1 and A2. It will know it's a
>different host only when it receives a CER from A2.
>
>And if the only moment you can "match" two connections to the same host is
>when you receive the CER (or CEA), no problem, just do an election at that
>time and shutdown the connection that lost.

Yes.  We've been here, done this.  That's the idea.
Initiator opens the connection, and sends the message, the listener looks 
at what he gets and proceeds.

And the only time you need to perform the election process is if you have 
more than one connection.  If you have no other connections up, it's 
pointless.

And it seems it's true that we need to use information in the message to 
identify the client end, since there may be multiple separate servers 
running on the same IP addressed system using configured and/or ephemeral 
non-default port numbers.

So what's the question?


> > > Another option (now that we ruled out the "use same port for 
> listening and
> > > connecting" because socket implementations are just too dumb and don't
> > > accept a perfectly legitimate TCP case) would be to have each server
> > > establish an outgoing connection, and use that one for sending, while
> > still
> > > listening on both. Stupid waste of resources (sockets/file 
> descriptors...)
> > > though.
> >
> >I'd prefer a good solid state machine. Let's be honest here. I wrote the 
> state
> >machine in -05 is less than a day. This isn't black magic, or rocket
> >science :)
>
>Nope. Here is my proposal:
<ignored... I've already spent too much time optimizing our prior work>

Dave.
------------------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                            ESN: 248-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks                 978-288-4570
Wireless Solutions, IP Mobility
Billerica, MA 01821               dmitton@nortelnetworks.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 16:29:26 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
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See editorial corrections, below.

Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> This one was previously owned by Bernard, but we have no issue on it, so I've taken it
> over, below, and am proposing text to close this one.
> 
> PatC
> ----
> Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
> Submitter name: Pat Calhoun
> Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org
> Date first submitted: 2001-06-05
> Reference:
> Document: nasreq
> Comment type: C
> Priority: 1
> Section: 7.2.5
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> At the Interim Meeting, Bernard stated that two RADIUS ipv6
> attributes were missing from the NASREQ application, specifically
> the Framed-Interface-Id, and the Framed-IPv6-Prefix.
> 
> Proposed Text:
> 
> 7.2.5.4 Framed-Interface-Id AVP
> 
>     The Framed-Interface-Id AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned64 and
>     contains the IPv6 interface identifier to be configured for the user.
>     It MAY be used in authorization requests as a hint to the server that
>     a specific interface id is desired, but the server is not required to
>     honor the hint in the corresponding response.
> 
> 7.2.5.5 Framed-IPv6-Prefix AVP
> 
>     The Framed-Interface-Id AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Address and
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
          Framed-IPv6-Prefix

>     contains the IPv6 prefix to be configured for the user. It MAY be
>     used in authorization requests as a hint to the server that a
>     specific interface id is desired, but the server is not required to
               ^^^^^^^^^^^^
               IPv6 prefix

>     honor the hint in the corresponding response.

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.


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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
References: <20010605164453.R12278@charizard.diameter.org> <Pine.BSF.4.21.0106052342460.62730-100000@internaut.com> <20010612083940.M17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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See editorial corrections, below.

Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> On Tue, Jun 05, 2001 at 11:43:47PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> > Actually, I think there are two more missing: Framed-IPv6-Pool and
> > Framed-Ipv6-Route. I'll have updated text for these later this week.
> 
> Bernard,
> 
> Here is the proposed text for the two new AVPs:
> 
> 7.2.5.6  Framed-IPv6-Route AVP
> 
>    The Framed-IPv6-Route AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type UTF8String, and
>    contains the routing information to be configured for the user on the
>    NAS. Zero or more such AVPs MAY be present in an authorization
>    response.
> 
>    The string MUST contain an IPv6 address prefix followed by a slash
>    and a decimal length specifier stating how many high order bits of
>    the prefix should be used. That is followed by a space, a gateway
>    address in hexadecimal notation, a space, and one or more metrics
>    separated by spaces. For example:
>       "2000:0:0:106::/64 2000::106:a00:20ff:fe99:a998 1".
> 
>    Whenever the gateway address is the IPv6 unspecified address the IP
>    address of the user SHOULD be used as the gateway address, such as:
>       "2000:0:0:106::/64 :: 1".
> 
> 7.2.5.7  Framed-IPv6-Pool AVP
> 
>    The Framed-IP-Route AVP (AVP Code 22) is of type UTF8String, and
         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^               ^^
         Framed-IP6-Pool               [not 22]

>    contains the name of an assigned pool that SHOULD be used to assign
>    an IPv6 prefix for the user. If the access device does not support
>    multiple prefix pools, it SHOULD ignore this AVP.

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 16:56:41 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 42: Session-Timeout inconsistent with RADIUS spec
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See editorial corrections below.

Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> The inconsistency identified was that RADIUS re-uses the Session-Timeout attribute
> in Access-Challenge messages to inform the access device how long it should wait for
> the user's response. In order to fix this issue, I propose adding the following text to
> the base protocol specification:
> 
> 10.14  Multi-Round-Time-Out AVP
> 
>    The Multi-Round-Time-Out AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32,
>    and SHOULD be present in application-specific authorization answer
>    messages whose Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH.
>    This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds that the access
>    device MUST provide the user in responding to an authentication
>    request.
> 
> And the following text to the protocol conversion section (9.x) in the NASREQ
> application specification.
> 
> 9.1  RADIUS request forwarded as Diameter request
> 
>    [...]
>       - If the Diameter Command-Code is set to AA-Answer and the
>         Result-Code AVP is set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, the gateway
>         must send a RADIUS Access-Challenge with the the Diameter
                                                       xxxx

>         Session-Id and the Origin-Host AVPs are saved in the RADIUS
                                              xxxx

>         State attribute, with the prefix "Diameter/". This is necessary
>         in order to ensure that the protocol gateway that will receive
>         the subsequent RADIUS Access-Request will have access to the
>         Session Identifier, and be able to set the Destination-Host to
>         the correct value. If the Multi-Round-Time-Out AVP is present,
>         the value of the AVP MUST be inserted in the RADIUS Session-
>         Timeout AVP.
> [editor's note, new last sentence]
  [reviewer's note, bad first sentence ;) ]
> 
> 9.2  Diameter request forwarded as RADIUS request
> 
>    [...]
>       - If the RADIUS code is set to Access-Challenge, a Diameter AA-
>         Answer message is created with the Result-Code set to
>         DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH. If the Session-Timeout AVP is present
>         in the RADIUS message, its value is inserted in the Multi-
>         Round-Time-Out AVP.
> [editor's note, new last sentence]
> 
> Comments appreciated,
> 
> PatC

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 13 21:13:29 2001
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To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 70: Caching of redirects
Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2001 18:13:05 -0700
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Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org] writes:

> Taking all of the comments on the list on this issue, I've come 
> up with the
> following text.
> 
> Comments appreciated,

Works for me.

> 
> PatC
> ----
> 
> 
> 5.10  Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
> 
>    The Redirect-Host-Usage AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.
>    This AVP MAY be present in Message-Reject-Answer messages that
>    include the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION.
> 
>    When present, this AVP dictates how the routing entry resulting from
>    the MRA is to be used. The following values are supported:
> 
>       DONT_CACHE                        0
>          The host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP should not be
>          cached. This is the default value.
> 
>       ALL_REALM                         1
>          All messages destined for the realm requested MAY be sent to
>          the host specified in the Redirect-Host AVP.
> 
>       REALM_AND_APPLICATION             2
>          All messages for the application requested to the realm
>          specified MAY be sent to the host specified in the Redirect-
>          Host AVP.
> 
> 
> 5.11  Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP
> 
>    The Maximum-Redirect-Cache-Time AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type
>    Unsigned32. This AVP MUST be present in Message-Reject-Answer
>    messages that include the Result-Code AVP set to
>    DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION, and the Redirect-Host-Usage AVP set to
>    a non-zero value.
> 
>    This AVP contains the maximum number of seconds the peer and route
>    table entries, created as a result of the Redirect-Host, must be
>    cached.
> 
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 01:22:38 2001
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From: "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        "'3GPP_TSG_SA_WG5@LIST.ETSI.FR'" <3GPP_TSG_SA_WG5@LIST.ETSI.FR>
Cc: "Molchan, John" <JMolchan@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>,
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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue #33: Is API Considered Useful
Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 01:22:14 -0400
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Pat,
	I hope its not too late to ask you to wait a little longer before
discarding the "server initiated accounting poll" requirement.  I don't see
a need, but would like to get reactions from others in 3GPP SA5.  Hence, I
am concurrently sending this e-mail to them.
Thad
  
SA5 folks, especially CB participants,
	Please consider the attached e-mail and send your opinions to Pat.
It is very important to provide opinions ASAP.
Thanks, Thad

-----Original Message-----
From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
Sent: Tuesday, June 05, 2001 9:57 AM
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue #33: Is API Considered Useful


All,

I spoke with Tom Hiller, the editor of the various 3GPP2 specs, and talked
to him about
P.R001, and the rather obscure requirement to allow for a server initiated
accounting
poll. He stated that if the feature wasn't discussed in P.S001, then it
isn't a requirement,
and P.R001 is a non-normative reference in P.S001 (it is informational
only).

So, it sounds as if we can get rid of this feature, but I would like to ask,
one last time,
whether people feel it is necessary for an accounting server to be able to
issue a request
to an access device to force it to send an accounting message. If so, then
we will keep this
feature, but if there is no demand..... out it goes.

PatC


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From: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
Organization: Oy L M Ericsson Ab
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Pat Calhoun wrote:

> > - 6.5, I think it is better to keep the OCSP-desire
> > and the nonce together.
> 
> I do not know what this means? A grouped AVP? btw, the current
> draft is incorrect since it shows that the nonce and OSCP-Request
> can occur multiple times in the DSAR, and it MUST NOT occur more
> than once. The ABNF will be updated to reflect this.
> 
> Jari, could you please expand on what you meant?

This relates to the comment in 6.5 of the old draft.

But the same thing exists also in the current draft,
though it has now been provided separately, the OCSP-Nonce
and the OCSP-Request AVPs. The issue is that we
set OCSP-Request=3 and then provide also OCSP-Nonce,
or if we could just set OCSP-Request=2 and the existence
of OCSP-Nonce would indicate the need for fresh responses.
It would seem that the latter approach requires a diameter
implementation to make less checks (did he include OCSP-Nonce
when OCSP-Request was 3? No? Bad peer...).

However, this is very minor issue and I really don't care
much either way.

Jari


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Message-ID: <577066326047D41180AC00508B955DDA04D1A9AC@eestqnt104.es.eu.ericsson.se>
From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ Request-Type AVP???
Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 13:59:37 +0200
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See enclosed comments.


> On Mon, Jun 11, 2001 at 10:55:43AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > At 10:36 11/06/01, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
> > >Hi,
> > >
> > >Looking at the NASREQ Request-Type AVP, I would appreciate if
> > >someone could give me his interpretation of the following
> > >possible values for the Request-Type AVP.
> > >
> > > >>
> > >       AUTHENTICATE_ONLY          1
> > >          The request being sent is for authentication 
> only, and MUST
> > >          contain the relevant authentication AVPs that 
> are needed by the
> > >          Diameter server to authenticate the user.
> > ><<
> > >
> > >Since the specification says that it should not be permitted to
> > >authenticate-only a session, and then authorize-only the 
> same session,
> > >I was wondering for what that value could really be useful?
> > >Should that Request-Type value be only used when answering 
> a AA-Request
> > >Challenge?
> > 
> > The nasreq draft indeed says in 3.1.1:
> >     It is possible for a single session to be authorized 
> only first, then
> >     followed by an authentication request. However, the 
> inverse SHOULD
> >     NOT be permitted.
> 
> $*@&!^@
> 
> I think that this sentence needs to be changed:
> 
> If both authentication and authorization will be requested 
> for a given session,
> the former SHOULD be done prior to the latter. It is still 
> possible for
> authorization to be done without authentication.
> 
> This covers:
> - Authentication first, followed by authorization (such as tacacs+)
> - authorize only (may I answer this phone call?)
> - authenticate only (well, I have no idea what you'd do this for :(
> 
> PatC
> 

Does it also mean that an authorization-only could be followed 
by an authentication-only?

The thing is that I am wondering if an AAA server
needs to keep a session opened for an authorization-only or not? 
For example, in the case that a request is received for 
authorization-only, which gets routed to a tunnel, is there any 
point of keeping a session in the AAA or not? I guess there is
no point for accounting, neither authentication, am I right?

By the way, when a AA-Request is received in a AAA server 
without a User-Name,
but containing either a Called-Station-Id or a 
Calling-Station-Id, is it
implicit that tunnelling should be defined in the receiving 
AAA node or not?
The thing is that I am wondering if it is possible for a AAA 
proxy server to
forward an AA-Request based on DNI or ANIS? Is it common practice?
Since the specification considers that the allowed usage of 
those fields is outside
its scope, I guess it does not have to be reserved for 
tunnel, but I´m not sure??

Regards,
Martin


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 08:31:21 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 14:28:27 +0200
To: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: NASREQ Request-Type AVP???
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
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At 13:59 14/06/01, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
>Does it also mean that an authorization-only could be followed
>by an authentication-only?

It could happen (e.g. authorization on called/calling number to pick up the 
call, then PPP authentication, then PPP authorization (a la Tacacs+)).

>The thing is that I am wondering if an AAA server
>needs to keep a session opened for an authorization-only or not?
>For example, in the case that a request is received for
>authorization-only, which gets routed to a tunnel, is there any
>point of keeping a session in the AAA or not? I guess there is
>no point for accounting, neither authentication, am I right?

In some cases you might have authorization-only (based on called/calling 
number), then accounting start, and later on accounting stop. So, yes, you 
need to maintain state in that case too.

>By the way, when a AA-Request is received in a AAA server
>without a User-Name,
>but containing either a Called-Station-Id or a
>Calling-Station-Id, is it
>implicit that tunnelling should be defined in the receiving
>AAA node or not?

No comprendo.

>The thing is that I am wondering if it is possible for a AAA
>proxy server to
>forward an AA-Request based on DNI or ANIS? Is it common practice?

Yep. We need clarification on exactly which agents are allowed to infer a 
Destination-Realm to accomplish that. It's in my list of issues to open :-(

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 08:57:06 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 14:56:27 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: throughout, but clarification to be added in 2.7
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

We need to clarify how two host descriptors are matched, e.g. in loop 
matching. Options are:
- exact lexical match (strcmp)
- expand (add defaults such as diameter://, :port, and ;transport=sctp), 
then exact lexical match (or match on protocol+name+port+transport)
- expand name to IP addresses, and match on protocol+IP+port+transport (if 
name resolves to multiple IP addresses, any match between the two 
expansions is a match)

First is possible only if any given process picks a unique identity at 
startup, sends it in Origin-Host AVPs in all messages (including CER/CEAs, 
which allows direct peers to learn that value), and uses that value in 
Record-Route AVPs, and if other hosts use that value only for other 
DiameterIdentity-based AVPs (such as Destination-Host).

Note that this works since server always put their identity themselves in 
those AVPs. It would also work if a server can put a DiameterIdentity 
received in CER/CEA in an AVP. It cannot work when the DiameterIdentity 
comes from another source (e.g. from a configuration file listing peers).

At the moment, I don't think there is any problem with that one. It might 
become a problem if we wanted to perform loop matching upon receipt of a 
Redirect-Host, rather than forward blindly and expect the next host to do 
the check.

Requested changes:

At the end of section 2.7, add:
    The port and protocol listed above are those that a node uses to
    listen for incoming connections.

    When a process listens on multiple different addresses or ports or 
using different
    protocols, it should select a single combination of those, and always
    use the same value as its identity for the lifetime of all
    connections to peers. This value should be sent in Origin-Host in
    CER/CEA and other messages, used in Route-Record AVPs, and any other
    AVPs containing DiameterIdentity.

    For the purposes of loop checking and other comparison purposes, two
    DiameterIdentity values match if they are lexically identical (i.e.
    the two strings are the same).

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 10:43:42 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 07:33:06 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 55: Server-Initiated re-auth
Message-ID: <20010614073306.K17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Here is an attempt at solving this particular issue. The proposed text below
would appear in the base protocol.

Comments appreciated,

PatC
----


10.15  Server-Initiated Re-Auth

   A Diameter server may initiate a re-authentication and/or re-
   authorization service for a particular session by issuing a Re-Auth-
   Request (RAR).

   For example, for pre-paid services, the Diameter server that
   originally authorized a session may need some confirmation that the
   user is still using the services.

   An access device that receives a RAR message with Session-Id equal to
   a currently active session MUST initiate a re-auth towards the user,
   if the service supports this particular feature. Each Diameter
   application MUST state whether service-initiated re-auth is
   supported, since some applications do not allow for access devices to
   prompt the user for re-auth.


10.15.1  Re-Auth-Request

   The Re-Auth-Request (RAR), indicated by the Command-Code set to TBD
   and the message flags' 'R' bit set, may be sent by any server to the
   access device that is providing session service, to request that the
   user be re-authenticated and/or re-authorized.

   Message Format

      <Re-Auth-Request>  ::= < Diameter Header: TBD, REQUEST >
                             < Session-Id >
                             { Origin-Host }
                             { Origin-Realm }
                             { Destination-Realm }
                             { Destination-Host }
                             [ Origin-State-Id ]
                           * [ AVP ]
                           * [ Proxy-Info ]
                           * [ Route-Record ]


10.15.2  Re-Auth-Answer

   The Re-Auth-Answer (RAA), indicated by the Command-Code set to TBD
   and the message flags' 'R' bit clear, is sent in response to the RAR.
   The Result-Code AVP MUST be present, and indicates the disposition of
   the request.

   A successful RAA message MUST be followed by an application-specific
   authentication and/or authorization message.

   Message Format

      <Re-Auth-Answer>  ::= < Diameter Header: TBD >
                            < Session-Id >
                            { Result-Code }
                            { Origin-Host }
                            { Origin-Realm }
                            { Destination-Host }
                            [ Origin-State-Id ]
                          * [ AVP ]
                          * [ Proxy-Info ]
                          * [ Route-Record ]



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 10:57:42 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 16:56:35 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 55: Server-Initiated re-auth
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Hi,

I don't know if there was already discussion on this subject, but I'm 
rather for option 1 in the original issue description, i.e. get rid of it. 
If a server needs period re-auth, let them send an Authorization-Lifetime AVP.

Or did I miss some important reason to keep it?

Just my EUR 0.02.

Jacques.


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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 08:30:21 -0700 (PDT)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
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> >    contains the name of an assigned pool that SHOULD be used to assign
> >    an IPv6 prefix for the user. If the access device does not support
> >    multiple prefix pools, it SHOULD ignore this AVP.

Glen Zorn has recommended that the SHOULD be changed to MUST, and I've
updated the latest version to reflect this. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 11:38:11 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
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> > 7.2.5.5 Framed-IPv6-Prefix AVP
> > 
> >     The Framed-Interface-Id AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Address and
>           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>           Framed-IPv6-Prefix
> 
> >     contains the IPv6 prefix to be configured for the user. It MAY be
> >     used in authorization requests as a hint to the server that a
> >     specific interface id is desired, but the server is not required to
>                ^^^^^^^^^^^^
>                IPv6 prefix
> 
> >     honor the hint in the corresponding response.
> 
Multiple prefix attributes can be sent, so I think you want to pluralize
this. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 12:22:42 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 18:21:34 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Error handling editorial changes
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 13-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: E
Priority: 1
Section: throughout
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Error handling
- In 9.0, in the result-code AVPs that require Failed-AVPs, need a 
clarification whether this is done only by the home server, or by any 
proxy/relay on the way
- In 9.0, what about errors regarding invalid length (packet or AVP)? 
Especially for AVPs, since it will be difficult to include a correctly 
formatted AVP if length is wrong anyway?
- In 5.3.2/9.1, DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION is not defined.
- clarify the difference between UNABLE_TO_DELIVER and NOT_SERVED? i.e. in 
which case is which sent? -- "I know the domain, but cannot reach any 
servers" vs "I don't know the domain".
- any specific messages for DNS errors (transient such as timeouts, or 
permanent such as NXDOMAIN)? -- I'd prefer we not have any, buy if you feel 
it is necessary, please propose some text.
- the difference between AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED and AUTHORIZATION_FAILED 
is, er, unclear.
- NO_COMMON_APPLICATION and UNSUPPORTED_VERSION would be better off in 
Protocol errors? -- except that protocol errors MUST only be used in MRA... 
see the problem :)
- protocol errors should be usable in any non-'P' messages
- missing errors for message or AVP length errors
- missing errors for unknown not-proxiable commands?
- missing errors for incorrectly set proxiable/not-proxiable flag?
- missing errors for unknown application
- classification of transient/permanent/protocol errors to review

I will send in some text asap. Comments/suggestions welcome.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 12:27:52 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 18:24:08 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Editorial changes
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: E
Priority: 2
Section: throughout
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

- in Definition of End-to-end identifier, included definition for locally 
consumed incorrect. Reference appropriate section.
- 15.1.2 is not up to date (bit numbers)
- 15.4 does not include protocol errors
- In 10.3, update Session-ID format with full Diameter-Identity
- All AVPs share same scope/numbering space (even inside a Grouped-AVP)
- M AVP within a non-M grouped AVP
- in 10.3 second paragraph, remove reference to multiple Session-IDs.

This is just to formally open the issue. I will send in some text tomorrow.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 12:28:02 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 18:26:56 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Route-Record change
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: throughout
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Change route-record to include the host which we received the request from 
rather than ourselves.
- removes need for checking Route-Record matches on receipt
- removes need to check Origin-Host for loops (or saves one hop in loops 
involving origin-host)

Not 100% sure it is better, but it just feels so :-)

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 12:31:15 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 18:27:52 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Reauthorization issues
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: throughout
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Reauth clarifications:
- In 10.7 (and elsewhere) clarify Authorization-Lifetime (means Reauth 
should be performed) and Session-Timeout. Resources should be liberated 
upon Session-Timeout only, not upon Authorization-Lifetime expiration.
- Change name of Authorization-Lifetime to Reauthorization-Timeout
- Authorization-Lifetime and Session-Timeout based from start of Session or 
from receipt of message (in reauth)?
- In reauth, is it allowed to change authorization parameters (filters, 
IPs...)?

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 12:32:28 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 18:29:10 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Routing/forwarding clarifications
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: throughout
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

- If multiple hosts listed for a given realm (redirect, relay, proxy), use 
the same one for a given Session (either need to maintain Session state or 
to use some hash function based on Session-ID) unless error occurs (and 
then keep that one that works).
- Clarify if connections to peers are supposed to be opened at startup, or 
when needed only.
- Clarify relationship of server discovery (SLP, DNS A, DNS SRV...) with 
peer table and/or routing table.
- move peer and routing table description earlier in the doc (somewhere in 
2.5 or 2.6).
- Clarify whether "on-demand" connections (e.g. Redirect-Host with 
certificate) should timeout.
- refuse connection to oneself

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 12:54:42 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 09:44:19 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 29: IPv6 AVPs
Message-ID: <20010614094418.R17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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	David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>,
	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
References: <3B27CD45.78404CA8@Interlinknetworks.com> <Pine.BSF.4.21.0106140829460.3578-100000@internaut.com>
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On Thu, Jun 14, 2001 at 08:30:21AM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> > >    contains the name of an assigned pool that SHOULD be used to assign
> > >    an IPv6 prefix for the user. If the access device does not support
> > >    multiple prefix pools, it SHOULD ignore this AVP.
> 
> Glen Zorn has recommended that the SHOULD be changed to MUST, and I've
> updated the latest version to reflect this. 

ok. btw, it is mandatory that I get the RADIUS attribute numbers before the
NASREQ spec can be sent to the RFC editor. Is there anyway that you could
send in the IANA request (alternatively, I can do it if you don't have time).

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 14:09:19 2001
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From: "Kobylarz, Thaddeus" <thaddeus.kobylarz@attws.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        "'3GPP_TSG_SA_WG5@LIST.ETSI.FR'" <3GPP_TSG_SA_WG5@LIST.ETSI.FR>
Cc: "Molchan, John" <JMolchan@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>,
        "Engelhart, Bob" <BEngelha@attws-wr.swest.attws.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 5: 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements
Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 14:08:41 -0400
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Pat,
	I'm still trying to "catch-up" with my e-mail.  
	Correlation of charges is very important and I would like to have
the 3GPP SA5 folks think about the process you describe in the attached
before it becomes final.  I hope it's not too late to consider suggestions.
	My opinion is that the process is correct and have no comments.
Others may have different conclusions.
Thad

SA5 folks,
	Please examine the process, described below, in dealing with
correlation.  If you have comments, please reply on the SA5 reflector and I
will forward them to the AAA reflector.
	Again, time is of the essence.  Please reply ASAP. 
Thanks, Thad


-----Original Message-----
From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
Sent: Thursday, June 07, 2001 5:00 PM
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 5: 3GPP2 Accounting Requirements


All,

A few of us got together on the phone today to try to iron out some of the
remaining
issues, and I will be sending out how we propose to close any remaining
issues (well,
we haven't been through them all... yet).

In this particular issue, the problem is how to do accounting record
correlation when
many accounting "subsessions" are needed. 3GPP2, btw, has a requirement for
this, and
have addressed this in a largely proprietary nature. We would prefer to
detail how
this should be done to ensure consistency across services.

So, we agreed that the protocol already had the necessary components, but
the lack
of clarity was what caused this issue to be opened.

Here is my proposed text to be included in the base protocol:

11.6  Correlation of Accounting Records

   The Diameter protocol's Session-Id AVP, which is globally unique (see
   section 10.3), is used during the authorization phase to identify a
   particular session. Services that do not require any authorization
   still use the Session-Id AVP to identify sessions.

   However, there are certain applications that require multiple
   accounting sub-sessions. Such applications would send messages with a
   constant Session-Id AVP, but a different Accounting-Session-Id AVP.
   In these cases, correlation is performed using the Session-Id.

   Furthermore, there are certain applications where a user receives
   service from different access devices (e.g. Mobile IP), each with
   their own unique Session-Id. In such cases, the Accounting-Multi-
   Session-Id AVP is used for correlation. During authorization, a
   server that determines that a request is for an existing session,
   SHOULD include the Accounting-Multi-Session-Id AVP, which the access
   device MUST include in all subsequent accounting messages.

   The Accounting-Multi-Session-Id AVP MAY include the value of the
   original Session-Id. It's contents are implementation specific, but
   MUST be globally unique across other Accounting-Multi-Session-Id, and
   MUST NOT change during the life of a session.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 17:02:10 2001
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To: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
References: <NDBBIHMPILAAGDHPCIOPGELGDJAA.gwz@cisco.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Possibly editorial issues in cms-sec
Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 00:02:29 +0300
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Submitter name: Jari Arkko
Submitter email address: jari@arkko.com 
Date first submitted: 14-June-2001 
Reference: 
Document: cmssec
Comment type: editorial (?)
Priority: 2 
Section: 1 & 4
Proprietary Tag: C 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

- Figure 3 still uses ESSR term, should be DSAR. Search for
  more instances just to make sure there are none...

- Last paragraph of 1.2, "Allowing the first hop agent to use
  establish the DSA" seems to have some strange wording?
  => "... to be used to establish ... "?

-  PDSA has the CMS-Signed-Data AVP which I believe
   shouldn't be there. The security is from the proxy to the home,
   so no signatures for the NAS in this case. Right? Same issue
   for PDSA and Expected-*-AVP.






From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 17:12:25 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 62: e2e unnecessary step via pkcs7-mime 
Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 00:12:41 +0300
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There seems to be two uses of MIME in the spec, first in the beginning
of 6.1 the AVPs are MIME-encoded. Then in the end of 6.1 the
CMS-Encrypted-Data AVP is pkcs7-mime encoded. At the beginning
of 6.1 we also have some explanation that S/MIME toolkits can be used
unchanged. Is this the reason for going through MIME always, or are there
others? Is the ability to put in multiple AVPs dependent on MIME multipart?
Has someone actually verified that most S/MIME toolkits don't allow you
direct CMS operations?

Jari





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 17:20:47 2001
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Cms-sec optimization for pdsr-case
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Submitter name: Jari Arkko 
Submitter email address: jari@arkko.com 
Date first submitted: 14-June-2001 
Reference:  
Document: cmssec
Comment type: Technical 
Priority: 2 
Section: 4.3
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

If the DSAR-Target-Domain was optional instead of mandatory
in PDSR, then a NAS could give the proxy full responsibility to
handle the CMS security towards the home for all domains. Today,
the NAS has to initiate a PDSR-PDSA pair for each new domain
it sees. Even if the CMS security association already existed
between the local domain's proxy and the home... after all, it is
likely that an aggregation point would already have seen the
domain.






From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 17:58:54 2001
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From: "Bernard Aboba" <aboba@internaut.com>
To: "Aaa-Wg@Merit. Edu" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] EAP Support issues
Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 14:58:58 -0700
Message-ID: <OJEJKOMOEAKLMOILFCPJCEJLEJAA.aboba@internaut.com>
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Submitter name: Bernard Aboba
Submitter email address: aboba@internaut.com
Date first submitted: 14-June-2001
Reference:
Document: NASREQ
Comment type: T
Priority: 1
Section: 4.0
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

When using EAP, the NAS operates as a "pass through" and so NAS
behavior is determined by the Diameter message type, *not* by the
encapsulated EAP message.

For example:

a. It is not required that an Accept or Reject message contain
   an EAP-Message AVP.
b. If an EAP-Message AVP is included, it is not required that it
   correspond to the message type. For example, an EAP-Failure can
   be encapsulated within an Access-Accept, and an EAP-Success can
   be encapsulated within an Access-Reject.

To allow correct operation in these cases, the NAS behavior MUST
be determined by the Diameter message type alone. This means that a
Reject message must result in termination of the authentication
conversation, an Accept message must result in allowing
access, and a challenge results in continuing the conversation.

How the success/failure is communicated to the user is
a subject for RFC 2284 and potential updates (RFC 2284bis),
and need not concern us in specifying the Diameter behavior.

Note that there has been discussion as to whether an EAP-Success or
EAP-Failure may be encapsulated within a Challenge message. I believe
that the answer to this is NO. Reasoning:

   Success and Failure messages are not ACK'd. Therefore the client
   will not respond, and thus the NAS will not have material with
   which to send another Request, unless it manufactures something
   on its own, which goes against the "passthrough" spirit of EAP.

   Thus, from a AAA perspective, an encapsulated EAP-Success or
   Failure message ends the authentication conversation and thus
   MUST be encapsulated within a final message (Accept or Reject)

It has also been asked whether multiple EAP methods may be used
to conduct a single authentication. This is really an EAP issue,
but with respect to AAA, I believe that the answer is that it is
not possible to encapsulate multiple EAP Success or Failure messages within
a single AAA conversation, because of the above reasoning. However,
it would be possible for a AAA server to conduct a conversation of
one type, then switch to another type, and finally, to send an
EAP Success or EAP Failure message at the end, encapsulated within
an Accept or Reject.

Requested change:

PPP-specific references to be removed (EAP can be used with IEEE 802 as
well).
Text to be added to Section 4.0 articulating the above.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 18:19:49 2001
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From: Cain Brian-BCAIN1 <Brian.Cain@motorola.com>
To: "'Jacques Caron'" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching
	 & values
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jacques Caron [mailto:jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com]
> 
...
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> We need to clarify how two host descriptors are matched, e.g. in loop 
> matching. Options are:

1.
> - exact lexical match (strcmp)

2.
> - expand (add defaults such as diameter://, :port, and 
> ;transport=sctp), 
> then exact lexical match (or match on protocol+name+port+transport)

3.
> - expand name to IP addresses, and match on 
> protocol+IP+port+transport (if 
> name resolves to multiple IP addresses, any match between the two 
> expansions is a match)

The way I've implemented it is pretty much along the lines of your second
option. I have an independent match of each component, but the end result is
the same as a string compare with defaults added.  The first option is not
in the spirit of the default values, IMO.  I don't think I can provide a
real good reason as to why the third option is bad, I think I just prefer
the second.  The third may provide the most absolute identitifiability,
though.

> First is possible only if any given process picks a unique 
...
> received in CER/CEA in an AVP. It cannot work when the 
> DiameterIdentity 
> comes from another source (e.g. from a configuration file 
> listing peers).

Well, you would always get an identity from a peer once the connection was
established anyways.  If the identity they announce is different from the
one you used to locate them, you can take whatever action necessary, but if
the connection remains, the identity received from the peer should be
authoritative.

I was under the impression that the Diameter Identity was more of an
entity-distinction tool than an entity-location tool.  Not to say that it
couldn't function as both, but maybe its primary service should be the
former.

...
> Requested changes:
> 
> At the end of section 2.7, add:
>     The port and protocol listed above are those that a node uses to
>     listen for incoming connections.

More explicit, I like it.

>     When a process listens on multiple different addresses or 
> ports or 
> using different
>     protocols, it should select a single combination of 
> those, and always
>     use the same value as its identity for the lifetime of all
>     connections to peers. This value should be sent in Origin-Host in
>     CER/CEA and other messages, used in Route-Record AVPs, 
> and any other
>     AVPs containing DiameterIdentity.


WRT SCTP's use of multiple addresses, this text is in 6.7:
(Doesn't correspond directly to what you're discussing, but it's related)
"All source addresses that a Diameter node expects to use with SCTP [26]
MUST be
advertised in the CER and CEA messages by including a Host-IP-Address
AVP for each address."

>     For the purposes of loop checking and other comparison 
> purposes, two
>     DiameterIdentity values match if they are lexically 
> identical (i.e.
>     the two strings are the same).

As long as you insert the relevant default values for fields where
necessary, ok.

"diameter://host.abc.com" should definitely match "host.abc.com", don't you
think?

-Brian


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 19:25:58 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 16:15:21 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Proposed fix for Issue 25: Support for multi-process
Message-ID: <20010614161521.Z17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Below is the proposed text to close this issue. Thanks to Paul Funk and Mark Eklund
for this text.

Comments appreciated,

PatC
----
8.0  Peer State Machine

   This section contains a finite state machine, that MUST be observed
   by all Diameter implementations. Each Diameter node MUST follow the
   state machine described below when communicating with each peer.
   Multiple actions are separated by commas, and may continue on
   succeeding lines as space requires. Similarly, state and next state
   may also span multiple lines as space requires.

   There may be at most one transport connection between any two peers
   over which Diameter messages may be passed. This state machine is
   intended to handle both the simple case, in which one peer initiates
   a connection to the other, and the complex case, in which each peer
   simultaneously initiates a connection to the other. In the complex
   case, an election occurs to determine which transport connection will
   survive.

   I- is used to represent the initiator (connecting) connection, while
   the R- is used to represent the responder (listening) connection. The
   lack of a prefix indicates that the event or action is the same
   regardless of the connection on which the event occurred.

   The stable states that a state machine may be in are Closed, I-Open
   and R-Open; all other states are intermediate. Note that I-Open and
   R-Open are equivalent except for whether the initiator or responder
   transport connection is used for communication.

   A CER message is always sent on the initiating connection immediately
   after the connection request is successfully completed. In the case
   of an election, one of the two connections will shut down. The
   responder connection will survive if the Origin-Host of the local
   Diameter entity is higher than that of the peer; the initiator
   connection will survive if the peer's Origin-Host is higher. All
   subsequent messages are sent on the surviving connection. Note that
   the results of an election on one peer are guaranteed to be the
   inverse of the results on the other.

   The state machine constrains only the behavior of a Diameter
   implementation as seen by Diameter peers through events on the wire.
   Any implementation that produces equivalent results is considered
   compliant.


      state            event              action         next state
      -----------------------------------------------------------------
      Closed           Start            I-Snd-Conn-Req   Wait-Conn-Ack
                       R-Conn-CER       R-Accept,        R-Open
                                        Process_CER,
                                        R-Snd-CEA

      Wait-Conn-Ack    I-Rcv-Conn-Ack   I-Snd-CER        Wait-I-CEA
                       I-Rcv-Conn-Nack  Cleanup          Closed
                       R-Conn-CER       R-Accept,        Wait-Conn-Ack/
                                        Process-CER      Elect
                       Timeout          Error            Closed

      Wait-I-CEA       I-Rcv-CEA        Process-CEA      I-Open
                       R-Conn-CER       R-Accept,        Wait-Returns
                                        Process_CER,
                                        Elect
                       I-Peer-Disc      I-Disc           Closed
                       I-Rcv-Non-CEA    Error            Closed
                       Timeout          Error            Closed

      Wait-Conn-Ack/   I-Rcv-Conn-Ack   I-Snd-CER,Elect  Wait-Returns
      Elect            I-Rcv-Conn-Nack  R-Snd-CEA        R-Open
                       R-Peer-Disc      R-Disc           Wait-Conn-Ack
                       R-Conn-CER       R-Reject         Wait-Conn-Ack/
                                                         Elect
                       Timeout          Error            Closed

      Wait-Returns     Win-Election     I-Disc,R-Snd-CEA R-Open
                       I-Peer-Disc      I-Disc,R-Snd-CEA R-Open
                       I-Rcv-CEA        R-Disc           I-Open
                       R-Peer-Disc      R-Disc           Wait-I-CEA
                       R-Conn-CER       R-Reject         Wait-Returns
                       Timeout          Error            Closed

      R-Open           Send-Message     R-Snd-Message    R-Open
                       R-Rcv-Message    Process          R-Open
                       WatchDog-Timer   R-Snd-DWR        R-Open
                       R-Rcv-DWR        Process-DWR,     R-Open
                                        R-Snd-DWA
                       R-Rcv-DWA        Process-DWA      R-Open
                       R-Conn-CER       R-Reject         R-Open
                       Stop             R-Disc           Closed
                       R-Peer-Disc      R-Disc           Closed
                       R-Rcv-CER        Error            Closed
                       R-Rcv-CEA        Error            Closed

      I-Open           Send-Message     I-Snd-Message    I-Open
                       I-Rcv-Message    Process          I-Open
                       WatchDog-Timer   I-Snd-DWR        I-Open
                       I-Rcv-DWR        Process-DWR,     I-Open
                                        I-Snd-DWA
                       I-Rcv-DWA        Process-DWA      I-Open
                       R-Conn-CER       R-Reject         I-Open
                       Stop             I-Disc           Closed
                       I-Peer-Disc      I-Disc           Closed
                       I-Rcv-CER        Error            Closed
                       I-Rcv-CEA        Error            Closed


8.1  Incoming connections

   When a connection request is received from a Diameter peer, it is
   not, in the general case, possible to know the identity of that peer
   until a CER is received from it. This is because the identity of a
   Diameter peer is determined by host and port; and the source port of
   an incoming connection is arbitrary. Upon receipt of CER, the
   identity of the connecting peer can be uniquely determined from
   Origin-Host.

   For this reason, a Diameter peer must employ logic separate from the
   state machine to receive connection requests, accept them, and await
   CER. Once CER arrives on a new connection, the Origin-Host which
   identifies the peer is used to locate the state machine associated
   with that peer, and the new connection and CER are passed to the
   state machine as an R-Conn-CER event.

   The logic that handles incoming connections SHOULD close and discard
   the connection if any message other than CER arrives, or if an
   implementation-defined timeout occurs prior to receipt of CER.

   Because handling of incoming connections up to and including receipt
   of CER requires logic separate from that of any individual state
   machine associated with a particular peer, it is described separately
   in this section rather than in the state machine below.


8.2  Events

   Transitions and actions in the automaton are caused by events. In
   this section we will ignore the -I and -R prefix, since the actual
   event would be identical, but would occur on one of two possible
   connections.

      Start          The Diameter application has signaled that a
                     connection should be initiated with the peer.

      R-Conn-CER     A new incoming connection and associated CER has
                     arrived.

      Rcv-Conn-Ack   A positive acknowledgement was received to a
                     locally initiated transport connection.

      Rcv-Conn-Nack  A negative acknowledgement was received to a
                     locally initiated transport connection.

      Timeout        An application-defined timer has expired while
                     waiting for some event.

      Rcv-CER        A CER message from the peer was received.

      Rcv-CEA        A CEA message from the peer was received.

      Rcv-Non-CEA    A message other than CEA from the peer was
                     received.

      Peer-Disc      A disconnection indication from the peer was
                     received.

      Win-Election   An election was held, and the local node was the
                     winner.

      Send-Message   A message is to be sent.

      Rcv-Message    A message other than CER, CEA, DWR, or DWA was
                     received.

      WatchDog-Timer The Watchdog timer expired, indicating that a DWR
                     message is to be sent to the peer.

      Rcv-DWR        A DWR message was received.

      Rcv-DWA        A DWA message was received.

      Stop           The Diameter application has signaled that a
                     connection should be terminated (e.g., on system
                     shutdown).


8.3  Actions

   Actions in the automaton are caused by events and typically indicate
   the transmission of packets and/or an action to be taken on the
   connection. In this section we will ignore the I- and R- prefix,
   since the actual action would be identical, but would occur on one of
   two possible connections.

      Snd-Conn-Req   A transport connection is initiated with the peer.

      Accept         The incoming connection associated with the R-
                     Conn-CER is accepted as the responder connection.

      Reject         The incoming connection associated with the R-
                     Conn-CER is disconnected.

      Process-CER    The CER associated with the R-Conn-CER is
                     processed.

      Snd-Conn-Ack   an acknowledgement is sent in response to a connect
                     request, confirming that the transport layer
                     connection is open.

      Snd-CER        A CER message is sent to the peer.

      Snd-CEA        A CEA message is sent to the peer.

      Cleanup        If necessary, the connection is shutdown, and any
                     local resources are freed.

      Error          The transport layer connection is disconnected,
                     either politely or abortively, in response to an
                     error condition. Local resources are freed.

      Process-CEA    A received CEA is processed.

      Disc           The transport layer connection is disconnected, and
                     local resources are freed.

      Elect          An election occurs (see Section 8.4 for more
                     information).

      Snd-Message    A message is sent.

      Snd-DWR        A DWR message is sent.

      Snd-DWA        A DWA message is sent.

      Process-DWR    The DWR message is serviced.

      Process-DWA    The DWA message is serviced.

      Process        A message is serviced.


8.4  The Election Process

   The election is performed on the responder. The responder compares
   the Origin-Host received in the CER sent by its peer with its own
   Origin-Host. If the local Diameter entity's Origin-Host is higher
   than the peer's, a Win-Election event is issued locally.
   The comparison proceeds by considering the shorter OctetString to be
   null-padded to the length of the longer, then performing an octet by
   octet unsigned comparison with the first octet being most
   significant. Hanging octets are assumed to have value 0x80, but
   dimpled octets are ignored.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 19:31:13 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 16:20:12 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Correction: Proposed fix for Issue 25: Support for multi-process
Message-ID: <20010614162012.A17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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On Thu, Jun 14, 2001 at 04:15:21PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
hmmmm... I forgot one small, yet very important detail. Please see the text below.

PatC
----

> 8.0  Peer State Machine
> 
>    This section contains a finite state machine, that MUST be observed
>    by all Diameter implementations. Each Diameter node MUST follow the
>    state machine described below when communicating with each peer.
>    Multiple actions are separated by commas, and may continue on
>    succeeding lines as space requires. Similarly, state and next state
>    may also span multiple lines as space requires.
> 
>    There may be at most one transport connection between any two peers
>    over which Diameter messages may be passed. This state machine is
>    intended to handle both the simple case, in which one peer initiates
>    a connection to the other, and the complex case, in which each peer
>    simultaneously initiates a connection to the other. In the complex
>    case, an election occurs to determine which transport connection will
>    survive.
> 
[notice the last sentence here that I have added]

   There may be at most one transport connection between any two peers
   over which Diameter messages may be passed. This state machine is
   intended to handle both the simple case, in which one peer initiates
   a connection to the other, and the complex case, in which each peer
   simultaneously initiates a connection to the other. In the complex
   case, an election occurs to determine which transport connection will
   survive. It is important to note that the port on which a connection
   is initiated MUST NOT be the port Diameter listens for incoming
   connections.

[...]


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 20:04:09 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 16:53:34 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
Message-ID: <20010614165334.B17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

I'd like to propose adding the following text to section 2.0 of the
base protocol spec. This is the consensus of a few of us that chatted 
today.

The general idea is to allow for NASes (and cheap embedded devices) NOT
to require the complexity of including CMS and related code. However, we
agreed that servers, and aggregating servers (read proxies) MUSt support it.
Relay and redirectors MAY support it, since they are typically either 
transparent, or not in the path of the messages.

Comments welcome,

PatC
----

   Diameter clients SHOULD support the CMS security application [11],
   while servers and proxy agents MUST support it. Relay and Redirector
   agents MAY support the CMS security application.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 14 20:06:49 2001
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Date: Thu, 14 Jun 2001 16:56:16 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 61: e2e cms and pki profiling
Message-ID: <20010614165616.C17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

After chatting with a few folks today, we agreed that it made sense to wait
until some operational experience was gained before we could decide what fields
in an X.509 certificate should be present, and which ones aren't needed.

So, I added the following sentence to the CMS draft, which I'd like to receive
comments on:

"  Note that once operational experience has been gained, a future document
   may specify a restricted profile of [4] in order to simplify
   implementation."

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 08:25:10 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
Message-ID: <20010615051430.I17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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On Thu, Jun 14, 2001 at 04:53:34PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
All,

I've received some comments that my fix was not actually complete, and would
like to propose new text. First, the missing item was that the CMS spec
contains two features. The first is to protect AVPS via CMS, and the
second is the message that an access device may send to request that an
agent establish a security association with a server in a target realm. This
latter part must be supported by access devices, as it is very simple, and
doesn't require the complexity of CMS on the embedded device.

This is the first time, though, that we define that a portion of a
Diameter application needs to be supported, while another portion is
optional, and begs the question on whether these should really be
two separate applications.

Anyways, here is the text:

   The CMS Diameter security application [11] contains two features:
      1. A set of messages that allows a Diameter node to establish a
         security association, which is used to secure AVPs within a
         Diameter message, even though the message may traverse
         intermediate Diameter agents. A set of AVPs are also defined to
         sign and encrypt AVPs, as well as to transport certificates.
         This feature MUST be supported by Diameter server and proxy
         agents, SHOULD be supported by Diameter clients, and MAY be 
         supported by relay and redirector agents.
      2. A set of messages that allows a Diameter client to request that
         an agent establish a Diameter security association with a
         server in a specific realm. This feature MUST be supported by
         Diameter clients and Proxy agents, and MAY be supported by
         Diameter servers, relay and redirector agents.

Thanks,

PatC


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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 05:48:20 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 74: Do not use Route-Record for answer routing
Message-ID: <20010615054820.K17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Following our chat yesterday, we agreed with this issue. Basically, this
issue states that since each agent needs to maintain a list of pending
messages (for failover purposes), the presence of the Route-Record in
answer messages for routing purposes is superfluous. The list of pending
messages could easily include the source of the request, and including
the Route-Record AVP simply introduces the possibility for conflicting
information.

The following sections include the new text, and I would appreciate any
comments.

Thanks,

PatC
----
5.1.9  Relaying and Proxying Requests

   A relay or proxy agent MUST check for forwarding loops before
   forwarding requests. A loop is detected if the server finds its own
   address in a Route-Record AVP. When such an event occurs, the agent
   MUST answer with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_LOOP_DETECTED.

   A relay or proxy agent MUST append a Route-Record AVP that includes
   its identity to all requests forwarded. The last Route-Record AVP in
   all requests received MUST be validated, by ensuring that the host
   encoded in the AVP is the same as the peer the message was received
   from.

   The Hop-by-Hop identifier in the request is saved, and replaced with
   a locally unique value. The source of the request is also saved,
   which includes the IP address, port and protocol.

   Relay and Proxy agents MAY include the Proxy-Info AVP in requests if
   it requires access any local state information when the corresponding
   response is received. Alternatively, it MAY simply use local storage
   to store state information.

   The message is then forwarded to the next hop, as identified in the
   Domain Routing Table.

   Figure 6 provides an example of message routing using the procedures
   listed in these sections.

          (Origin-Host=nas.mno.net)    (Origin-Host=nas.mno.net)
          (Origin-Realm=mno.net)       (Origin-Realm=mno.net)
          (Destination-Realm=abc.com)  (Destination-Realm=abc.com)
                                       (Route-Record=drl.mno.net)
      +------+      ------>      +------+      ------>      +------+
      |      |     (Request)     |      |      (Request)    |      |
      | NAS  +-------------------+ DRL  +-------------------+ HMS  |
      |      |                   |      |                   |      |
      +------+      <------      +------+      <------      +------+
      mno.net      (Answer)      mno.net       (Answer)     abc.com
          (Origin-Host=hms.abc.com)   (Origin-Host=hms.abc.com)
          (Origin-Realm=abc.com)      (Origin-Realm=abc.com)
                  Figure 6: Routing of Diameter messages



5.2  Diameter Answer Processing

   When an request is locally processed, the following procedures MUST
   be applied to create the associated answer, in addition to any
   additional procedures that MAY be discussed in the Diameter
   application defining the command:

      - The same Hop-by-Hop identifier in the request is used in the
        answer.
      - The local host's identity is encoded in the Origin-Host AVP.
      - The Destination-Host and Destination-Realm AVPs MUST NOT be
        present in the answer message.
      - The Result-Code AVP is added with its value indicating success
        or failure.
      - If the Session-Id is present in the request, it MUST be included
        in the answer.
      - Any Proxy-Info AVPs in the request MUST be added to the answer
        message, in the same order they were present in the request.

[...]

5.2.2  Relaying and Proxying Answers

   If the answer is for a request which was proxied or relayed, the
   agent MUST restore the original value of the Diameter header's Hop-
   by-Hop Identifier field.

   If the last Proxy-Info AVP in the message is targeted to the local
   Diameter server, the AVP MUST be removed before the answer is
   forwarded.

   If a relay or proxy agent receives an answer with a Result-Code AVP
   indicating a failure, it MUST NOT modify the contents of the AVP. Any
   additional local errors detected SHOULD be logged, but not reflected
   in the Result-Code AVP. If the agent receives an answer message with
   a Result-Code AVP indicating success, and it wishes to modify the AVP
   to indicate an error, it MUST issue an STR on behalf of the access
   device.

   The agent MUST then send the answer to the host which it received the
   original request from.


5.3  Hiding Network Topology

   A Relay or Proxy agent routing messages outside of their
   administrative domain MAY need to hide the internal Diameter
   topology. This is done by removing all Route-Record AVPs in a
   request.

[and additional changes to the tables in section 14, which I will not bother
to list here]


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 10:01:10 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 06:49:54 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 77: Possibility for implicit termination of an Authentication or Authorization
Message-ID: <20010615064954.M17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Below is the text that I would like to propose to close this issue. It is consistent
with the discussions on the list so far.

Thanks,

PatC
----

10.0  Diameter User Sessions

[...]

   An access device MAY include an Authorization-Lifetime AVP with a
   value of zero to inform the Diameter server that the authorization
   requested will only occur once, and no further auth messages are to
   be sent with this particular session identifier. The Diameter server
   MAY accept the hint from the access device, or it MAY override the
   Authorization-Lifetime in the answer message with a non-zero value.
   By accepting an Authorization-Lifetime with a zero value, the
   Diameter server agrees that it will not receive a indication of
   session termination once service to the user is terminated, and
   therefore cannot maintain state for the session.  Note that a zero
   Authorization-Lifetime MUST NOT be used in subsequent re-
   authorization messages.

[editor's note: below I changed the two pending states to handle the case
where a zero and non-zero authorization lifetime is included in the
authorization message, and a new state called active to handle the
case of a zero authorization-lifetime, which implies no STR. I don't
particularly like Active as a name, but it is better than my previous
attempt, which was limbo :)

10.1  Authorization Session State Machine

[...]
   The following table contains the authorization session state machine.

      State     Event                          Action     New State
      -------------------------------------------------------------
[...]
      Pending   Successful Service-Specific    Grant      Open
                Authorization answer           Access
                received with non-zero
                Authorization-Lifetime

      Pending   Successful Service-Specific    Grant      Active
                Authorization answer           Access
                received with zero
                Authorization-Lifetime


[...]
      Active    Service to user is terminated  Cleanup    Closed

[...]

[editor's note: Below I modified the last sentence in the paragraph]

10.4  Authorization-Lifetime AVP

[...]
   This AVP MAY be provided by the client as a hint of the maximum
   duration that it is willing to accept. However, the server DOES NOT
   have to observe the hint, and MAY return a value that is smaller than
   the hint. A value of zero means that no re-authorization is required,
   and no session termination message will be sent to the Diameter
   server.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 10:12:02 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
Message-ID: <20010615070126.N17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Following a discussion with Bernard, I now understand what he wanted
fixed in this particular issue. Please see the proposed text below,
where the change is in sub-section 3.3. The new text simply states that
if SVR records aren't found, then other record types are used.

comments appreciated,

PatC
----
2.6  Diameter Agent Discovery

[...]
      3. The Diameter implementation uses DNS to request the SRV RR [33]
         for the '_diameter._sctp' and/or '_diameter._tcp' server in a
         particular domain.  The Diameter implementation has to know in
         advance which domain to look for a Diameter agent in.  This
         could be deduced, for example, from the 'realm' in a NAI that a
         Diameter implementation needed to perform a Diameter operation
         on.

        3.1 If the destination address is a numeric IP address, the
            requestor contacts the peer at the given address and the
            port number specified in the SRV record or, if not
            specified, the default port (TBD).

        3.2 The results of the query or queries are merged and ordered
            based on priority. Then, the searching technique outlined in
            [46] is used to select servers in order. The requestor
            attempts to contact each peer in the order listed, at the
            port number specified in the SRV record. If none of the
            servers can be contacted, the requestor gives up. If there
            are no SRV records, DNS address records are used, as
            described below.

        3.3 If the destination specifies a port number other than TBD or
            if there are no SRV records, the requestor queries the DNS
            server for address records for the destination address
            '_diameter._sctp'.domain or '_diameter._tcp'.domain. Address
            records include A RR's, AAAA RR's, A6 RR's or other similar
            records, chosen according to the requestor's network
            protocol capabilities.

            If the DNS server returns no address records, the requestor
            gives up. If there are address records, the same rules as in
            step 3.2 apply.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 10:31:11 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 07:20:15 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
Message-ID: <20010615072015.P17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

After a discussion yesterday, we were able to recover the original issue, and the
following is the issue submission. I'd like comments on the proposed text.

Thanks,

PatC
----

Issue 37: Home State Blob 
Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
Date first submitted: June 15 20001 
Reference: 
Document: Base 
Comment Type: Technical 
Priority: 2 
Section: new section 10.16 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
The RADIUS protocol defines the Class attribute, which allows for home 
servers to return some state information to the NAS. The Class attribute 
must be present in subsequent messages for the session. 

Requested change: 
Add following text in section 10: 
10.16 Class AVP 

The Class AVP (AVP Code 25) is of type OctetString and is used to by 
Diameter servers to return state information to the access device. 
When one or more Class AVPs are present in application-specific 
authorization answer messages, they MUST be present in subsequent 
re-authorization and accounting messages. Class AVPs found in a re- 
authorization answer message override the ones found in any previous 
authorization answer message. 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 10:50:18 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 16:47:02 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Hi,

Stupid question: isn't all this redundant with the RFC2782? Shouldn't we 
rather just point there for the whole scheme (look up the SRV RRs, how 
selection is done, then fall back to A RRs) rather than partially 
duplicating the thing? Duplication always makes me nervous, it leads to 
inconsistencies a bit too often :-(

Also, why does 3.3 below state that "if the port is other than TBD..."? The 
whole point of SRV RRs is to be able to specify alternate ports...

And maybe part of issue 83 (Clarify relationship of server discovery (SLP, 
DNS A, DNS SRV...) with
peer table and/or routing table) should actually be handled in this issue. 
I still don't know if the use of DNS is an extension to the routing table 
(map a realm to a peer, but the peer must already be in our peer table), or 
to the routing AND peer table (map a realm to a peer created on the fly). I 
would think it's the former, but that needs to be clarified. If it's the 
latter, we have the issue of establishing a security association between 
the two hosts...

Jacques.

At 16:01 15/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>Following a discussion with Bernard, I now understand what he wanted
>fixed in this particular issue. Please see the proposed text below,
>where the change is in sub-section 3.3. The new text simply states that
>if SVR records aren't found, then other record types are used.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 10:51:06 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 07:36:43 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 86: Diameter URI Changes
Message-ID: <20010615073643.Q17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Here is a new issue, which I am creating to propose changes to the URI as
a result of a review. My thanks for Leslie Daigle for her review.

Comments appreciated,

PatC
----
Issue 86: Diameter URI Changes 
Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
Date first submitted: June 15 ,2001 
Reference: 
Document: base 
Comment type: Technical 
Priority: S 
Section: 4.4 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

This issue contains changes that resulted from a review of 
our current URI. 

Proposed Text: 
      DiameterIdentity
         The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
         the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules
         specified below:

            Diameter-Identity  = [scheme-name] fqdn [ port ]
                                 [ transport ]

            scheme-name        = "aaa://" aaa-protocol "/"
            ; If absent, the default BASE for relative URI references
            ; is aaa://diameter/

            aaa-protocol       = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )

            fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name

            port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
            ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.

            transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
            ; If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is assumed.
            ; UDP is ONLY used when the protocol is set to RADIUS

            The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:

               host.abc.com;transport=tcp
               host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
               aaa://radius/host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp

         The first two forms are relative URI references, against the default
         base of aaa://diameter/


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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 07:46:56 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010615162947.00bf3510@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 04:47:02PM +0200
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On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 04:47:02PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Stupid question: isn't all this redundant with the RFC2782? Shouldn't we 
> rather just point there for the whole scheme (look up the SRV RRs, how 
> selection is done, then fall back to A RRs) rather than partially 
> duplicating the thing? Duplication always makes me nervous, it leads to 
> inconsistencies a bit too often :-(

Not at all. RFC 2782 is a generic mechanism for locating SRV records,
and the text on this really enhances RFC 2782. The last section (3.3) is
what to do if no SRV records are found.

> 
> Also, why does 3.3 below state that "if the port is other than TBD..."? The 
> whole point of SRV RRs is to be able to specify alternate ports...

Much of this text was stolen from SIP, and now that I re-read this again,
I see that this is not required, and will be removed.

> 
> And maybe part of issue 83 (Clarify relationship of server discovery (SLP, 
> DNS A, DNS SRV...) with
> peer table and/or routing table) should actually be handled in this issue. 

Personally, I'd prefer to keep it as a separate issue.

> I still don't know if the use of DNS is an extension to the routing table 
> (map a realm to a peer, but the peer must already be in our peer table), or 
> to the routing AND peer table (map a realm to a peer created on the fly). I 
> would think it's the former, but that needs to be clarified. If it's the 
> latter, we have the issue of establishing a security association between 
> the two hosts...

of course. Would you like me to take a shot at fixing #83?

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 11:16:55 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 17:15:02 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 16:46 15/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 04:47:02PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > Stupid question: isn't all this redundant with the RFC2782? Shouldn't we
> > rather just point there for the whole scheme (look up the SRV RRs, how
> > selection is done, then fall back to A RRs) rather than partially
> > duplicating the thing? Duplication always makes me nervous, it leads to
> > inconsistencies a bit too often :-(
>
>Not at all. RFC 2782 is a generic mechanism for locating SRV records,
>and the text on this really enhances RFC 2782. The last section (3.3) is
>what to do if no SRV records are found.

 From RFC2782:

         else

             Do a lookup for QNAME=target, QCLASS=IN, QTYPE=A

Indeed, they look up target, not _diameter.(_sctp|_tcp).target. Maybe they 
should change that :-)

The stupid question is: do we actually need the A thing? I guess it's more 
of a backwards compatibility thing (e.g. to make sure that 
http://www.foobar.com/ goes to the A for www.foobar.com if there is no SRV 
RR for _http._tcp.www.foobar.com). Since Diameter doesn't quite need 
that... Of course there is the issue of older DNS servers that don't 
support SRV RRs, but since other stuff like DNSSEC is recommended... (and 
of course it helps in the very simple case of only one server for a given 
realm).

>of course. Would you like me to take a shot at fixing #83?

Just after I finish by e-mail on #75.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 11:36:36 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 66: Server Discovery
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010615170217.00beb4f0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 05:15:02PM +0200
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On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 05:15:02PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> The stupid question is: do we actually need the A thing? I guess it's more 
> of a backwards compatibility thing (e.g. to make sure that 
> http://www.foobar.com/ goes to the A for www.foobar.com if there is no SRV 
> RR for _http._tcp.www.foobar.com). Since Diameter doesn't quite need 
> that... Of course there is the issue of older DNS servers that don't 
> support SRV RRs, but since other stuff like DNSSEC is recommended... (and 
> of course it helps in the very simple case of only one server for a given 
> realm).

Bernard's main concern, is as you state, backward compatibility with
old non-SRV compliant DNS servers. I'll let you right it out with him
if you feel so inclined :)

> >of course. Would you like me to take a shot at fixing #83?
> 
> Just after I finish by e-mail on #75.

Sorry, does that mean you want to try, or should I?

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 11:51:54 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 08:35:39 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: "Aaa-Wg@Merit. Edu" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] EAP Support issues
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Bernard,

This is a new issue. Is this intended to replace issue 51? What happens to 51?

Thanks,

PatC
On Thu, Jun 14, 2001 at 02:58:58PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> Submitter name: Bernard Aboba
> Submitter email address: aboba@internaut.com
> Date first submitted: 14-June-2001
> Reference:
> Document: NASREQ
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 1
> Section: 4.0
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> When using EAP, the NAS operates as a "pass through" and so NAS
> behavior is determined by the Diameter message type, *not* by the
> encapsulated EAP message.
> 
> For example:
> 
> a. It is not required that an Accept or Reject message contain
>    an EAP-Message AVP.
> b. If an EAP-Message AVP is included, it is not required that it
>    correspond to the message type. For example, an EAP-Failure can
>    be encapsulated within an Access-Accept, and an EAP-Success can
>    be encapsulated within an Access-Reject.
> 
> To allow correct operation in these cases, the NAS behavior MUST
> be determined by the Diameter message type alone. This means that a
> Reject message must result in termination of the authentication
> conversation, an Accept message must result in allowing
> access, and a challenge results in continuing the conversation.
> 
> How the success/failure is communicated to the user is
> a subject for RFC 2284 and potential updates (RFC 2284bis),
> and need not concern us in specifying the Diameter behavior.
> 
> Note that there has been discussion as to whether an EAP-Success or
> EAP-Failure may be encapsulated within a Challenge message. I believe
> that the answer to this is NO. Reasoning:
> 
>    Success and Failure messages are not ACK'd. Therefore the client
>    will not respond, and thus the NAS will not have material with
>    which to send another Request, unless it manufactures something
>    on its own, which goes against the "passthrough" spirit of EAP.
> 
>    Thus, from a AAA perspective, an encapsulated EAP-Success or
>    Failure message ends the authentication conversation and thus
>    MUST be encapsulated within a final message (Accept or Reject)
> 
> It has also been asked whether multiple EAP methods may be used
> to conduct a single authentication. This is really an EAP issue,
> but with respect to AAA, I believe that the answer is that it is
> not possible to encapsulate multiple EAP Success or Failure messages within
> a single AAA conversation, because of the above reasoning. However,
> it would be possible for a AAA server to conduct a conversation of
> one type, then switch to another type, and finally, to send an
> EAP Success or EAP Failure message at the end, encapsulated within
> an Accept or Reject.
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> PPP-specific references to be removed (EAP can be used with IEEE 802 as
> well).
> Text to be added to Section 4.0 articulating the above.
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 12:25:36 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 09:15:01 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
Message-ID: <20010615091501.C17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Below is my proposed fix to close this issue.

Comments appreciated,

PatC
----
4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats

[editor's note: new text in the description following the port field,
and added a new paragraph at the end]

[...]
      DiameterIdentity
         The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
         the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules
         specified below:

            Diameter-Identity  = [scheme-name] fqdn [ port ]
                                 [ transport ]

            scheme-name        = "aaa://" aaa-protocol "/"
            ; If absent, the default BASE for relative URI references
            ; is aaa://diameter/

            aaa-protocol       = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )

            fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name

            port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
            ; The port used to listen for incoming connections.
            ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.

            transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
            ; If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is assumed.
            ; UDP is ONLY used when the protocol is set to RADIUS

            The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:

               host.abc.com;transport=tcp
               host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
               aaa://radius/host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp

         The first two forms are relative URI references, against the default
         base of aaa://diameter/.

         When comparing AVPs of this format, it is necessary to add any absent
         fields with the default values prior to the comparison. For example,
         diameter-host.abc.com would be expanded to
         aaa://diameter/diameter-host.abc.com:TBD;protocol=sctp.

[...]

[editor's note: New last sentence]

5.4  Origin-Host AVP

   The Origin-Host AVP (AVP Code 264) is of type DiameterIdentity, and
   MUST be present in all Diameter messages. This AVP identifies the
   endpoint which originated the Diameter message, i.e. the access
   device, home server, or broker. Relay agents MUST NOT modify this
   AVP. The same identity used in the CER or CEA's Origin-Host AVP MUST
   be used in all subsequent messages that include an AVP containing the 
   Diameter node's identity.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 12:43:24 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 18:42:34 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Hi,

I think you need to clarify that if the server is listening on multiple 
ports/IPs/protocols, it MUST select a single identity and use it all the 
time (e.g. it should not send different identities to different peers). Cf 
the text I proposed in the issue submission.

And I don't think you actually need to add the missing parts if the 
DiameterIdentity is actually considered an opaque unique identifier (made 
unique by its syntax in the case of multiple processes on the same box) 
that should be string-matched. Mmmm... in fact it might be necessary when 
you try to look up a Redirect-Host in the peer table.

[as an aside, that leads to another interesting issue: if A sends request 
to B, B responds "redirect to C", A doesn't find C in its peer table (B 
sends a name/port/protocol different from the one(s) A knows), A connects 
to C and sends CER, C recognizes A and disconnects, then C should still 
send a CEA on the connection before closing it so that A knows that it was 
the C it already know, and A needs to add to its peer table the name of C 
that B gave him]

Actually, it might be good to clarify the two uses of the DiameterIdentity:
- as a unique opaque identifier (like Session-Id)
- as a way to designate a given Host (for the purposes of Redirect-Host, or 
in a peer/routing table config file)

Jacques.

At 18:15 15/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>Below is my proposed fix to close this issue.
>
>Comments appreciated,
>
>PatC
>----
>4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats
>
>[editor's note: new text in the description following the port field,
>and added a new paragraph at the end]
>
>[...]
>       DiameterIdentity
>          The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
>          Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>          requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
>          the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules
>          specified below:
>
>             Diameter-Identity  = [scheme-name] fqdn [ port ]
>                                  [ transport ]
>
>             scheme-name        = "aaa://" aaa-protocol "/"
>             ; If absent, the default BASE for relative URI references
>             ; is aaa://diameter/
>
>             aaa-protocol       = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )
>
>             fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name
>
>             port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
>             ; The port used to listen for incoming connections.
>             ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.
>
>             transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
>             ; If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is assumed.
>             ; UDP is ONLY used when the protocol is set to RADIUS
>
>             The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:
>
>                host.abc.com;transport=tcp
>                host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
>                aaa://diameter/host.abc.com
>                aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666
>                aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
>                aaa://radius/host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp
>
>          The first two forms are relative URI references, against the default
>          base of aaa://diameter/.
>
>          When comparing AVPs of this format, it is necessary to add any 
> absent
>          fields with the default values prior to the comparison. For example,
>          diameter-host.abc.com would be expanded to
>          aaa://diameter/diameter-host.abc.com:TBD;protocol=sctp.
>
>[...]
>
>[editor's note: New last sentence]
>
>5.4  Origin-Host AVP
>
>    The Origin-Host AVP (AVP Code 264) is of type DiameterIdentity, and
>    MUST be present in all Diameter messages. This AVP identifies the
>    endpoint which originated the Diameter message, i.e. the access
>    device, home server, or broker. Relay agents MUST NOT modify this
>    AVP. The same identity used in the CER or CEA's Origin-Host AVP MUST
>    be used in all subsequent messages that include an AVP containing the
>    Diameter node's identity.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 12:48:27 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 18:48:17 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 75: Unsolicited server-to-client requests
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Hi,

Following yesterday's call, here are some of the problems raised around 
this issue, and some additional comments:

Trying to have unsolicited requests from server to client follow exactly 
the same path as requests from client to server is a problem, since hosts 
or sessions may go down in between (an unsolicited request might come long 
after any "normal" request from the client, as opposed to answers which 
travel the same path back nearly immediately).

So routing back should not try to match exactly the same path. I see the 
following options here:
- in "regular" requests, include something other than route-records to give 
the path taken, but including alternatives (e.g. other server in a 
"cluster" setup), and use that to route the request. This gives us exact 
path re-use when possible (updating proxy state on the way), and an 
alternate path to ensure reachability (in that case we can't update state 
on the proxy which is unreachable, but since it is unreachable...)
- use some other form of routing (realm-based, direct to client...), but 
force a "regular" request to be sent to the server so that everybody can 
update session state (like an STR after an ASR).

It was also commented that there is no guarantee two similar requests will 
actually follow the same exact path, but I have an open issue on that one 
(#83).

Realm-based routing is not very adapted to this kind of request:
- a server knows it serves a realm, a NAS usually doesn't.
- there is usually a limited number of servers for a given realm, while 
there might be very large numbers of NASes
- realms are normally used to classify user domains, not machine domains 
(that's the purpose of DNS)

Direct communication from home server to client is not always possible 
(there might not be direct IP connectivity between them, filters, NAT, 
anything...)

To solve that problem, it would be possible for a proxy to add an AVP to a 
"regular" request stating where unsolicited requests for this session 
should go to this host which will relay it to destination.

Additional question: should an unsolicited request always be associated to 
a specific session, or could there be "generic" requests to a NAS? I guess 
SNMP would be more adapted for the latter...

I think that's about all the issues that were raised during the meeting on 
this subject. Let me know if I forgot anything.

So, all in all, I see the following updated options (by decreasing order of 
personal preference):
1. When a client sends a request to a server, it includes information on 
how to establish a direct connection back (certificate...).
If at some point there is a breach in IP reachability, the proxy/relay that 
acts as a gateway between the two routing domains includes an AVP stating 
that unsolicited requests should go to it rather than to the Origin-Host 
directly (possibly including certificate info of its own), and it will send 
it to the client. This can possibly happen multiple times, of course. It 
can also be used if a proxy wants to check/modify any request that is sent 
to a client. The AVP might contain multiple DiameterIdenties to provide 
redundancy.
If the request causes a change in the state of the session, the client MUST 
send a regular request back to the server to update state in stateful 
proxies (unless all these proxies add the "get it through me" AVP, which 
might actually be the best solution).

2. Regular requests include AVPs that describe the path taken AND 
alternative servers for each. Server stores last received set of these AVPs 
for each session. When server needs to send a request to a client, it uses 
the contents of these AVPs to source-route the request (in a new AVP). If 
at any given point a host is down, use alternative for that hop.
This is actually very close to #1 with every agent on the way saying "get 
it through me" and no need for additional connections than the existing ones.

3. Use Origin-Realm as Destination-Realm and Origin-Host as 
Destination-Host and use regular message routing. That probably implies 
defining distinct "NAS realms" and/or specific application IDs for these 
requests, as the agents handling those will probably not be the same ones 
as those handling regular "user realms". Once it gets to an agent in the 
NAS realm, Destination-Host is used to send to the appropriate NAS.
If the request causes a change in the state of the session, the client MUST 
send a regular request back to the server to update state in stateful proxies.

4. When establishing a peering (i.e. CER/CEA exchange), include an 
"Alternative-Host" that can be used if this host goes down. All agents need 
to remember where they received the last client-to-server request for a 
given session from, and when they receive a server-to-client request for 
that session, they try to send it to that host, or to the alternate host if 
not possible. This means all agents become stateful (maintain a minimum of 
session state info).

Comments/suggestions welcome. Let me know which option is preferred so I 
can propose some text.

Jacques.

At 14:08 11/06/01, Jacques Caron wrote:
>Submitter name: Jacques Caron
>Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
>Date first submitted: 11-Jun-2001
>Reference:
>Document: Base
>Comment type: T
>Priority: 2
>Section: 5.x
>Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>
>The draft is unclear about how unsolicited server-to-client requests are 
>routed. It says Destination-Host should be used, but does not say anything 
>about Destination-Realm.
>
>I see the following options:
>1. Use the Origin-Realm received in previous requests as the 
>Destination-Realm.
>However, it raises the issue of asymmetrical routing, and thus proxies not 
>being able to track session state accurately
>
>2. Do some kind of source-based routing (saving the Route-Records from a 
>previous request and using that to route the unsolicited request to the 
>client). Is a problem with network topology hiding proxies. Those might be 
>forced to be stateful and save route-records on a per-session basis.
>
>3. Have the client send a certificate in the original request, so that 
>servers can then send unsolicited requests directly. It should then be 
>compulsory for the client to send requests towards the server to update 
>session state in the proxies if the server requests modifies state in any 
>way. Raises the issue of proxies that might want to "authorize" 
>server-to-client requests first, though.
>
>Comments, suggestions?
>
>Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 14:11:37 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
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On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 06:42:34PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> I think you need to clarify that if the server is listening on multiple 
> ports/IPs/protocols, it MUST select a single identity and use it all the 
> time (e.g. it should not send different identities to different peers). Cf 
> the text I proposed in the issue submission.

well, the first part isn't take care of, but the last one is. I'll add
the former.

> 
> And I don't think you actually need to add the missing parts if the 
> DiameterIdentity is actually considered an opaque unique identifier (made 
> unique by its syntax in the case of multiple processes on the same box) 
> that should be string-matched. Mmmm... in fact it might be necessary when 
> you try to look up a Redirect-Host in the peer table.

but if you have some local configuration, it MAY include the whole URI,
without any shortcuts, so not expanding would cause problems.

> 
> [as an aside, that leads to another interesting issue: if A sends request 
> to B, B responds "redirect to C", A doesn't find C in its peer table (B 
> sends a name/port/protocol different from the one(s) A knows), A connects 
> to C and sends CER, C recognizes A and disconnects, then C should still 
> send a CEA on the connection before closing it so that A knows that it was 
> the C it already know, and A needs to add to its peer table the name of C 
> that B gave him]

You've lost me here as to what the problem actually is, other than the CEA
is needed before you disconnect (I think that's what you are raising as an issue).

> Actually, it might be good to clarify the two uses of the DiameterIdentity:
> - as a unique opaque identifier (like Session-Id)
So stating that it is unique on a given host is needed.

> - as a way to designate a given Host (for the purposes of Redirect-Host, or 
> in a peer/routing table config file)
I thought you opened another issue on this one, and would prefer to keep
issues separate.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 14:12:26 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 14:12:29 -0400
From: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
Message-ID: <20010615141229.A20528@tp.databus.com>
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Would it not be reasonable to apply some limit on the total size
of Class attributes?  With 24-bit lengths, the client otherwise
has to be prepared to store megabytes of state.

Barney

On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 07:20:15AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> All,
> 
> After a discussion yesterday, we were able to recover the original issue, and the
> following is the issue submission. I'd like comments on the proposed text.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> PatC
> ----
> 
> Issue 37: Home State Blob 
> Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
> Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
> Date first submitted: June 15 20001 
> Reference: 
> Document: Base 
> Comment Type: Technical 
> Priority: 2 
> Section: new section 10.16 
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> The RADIUS protocol defines the Class attribute, which allows for home 
> servers to return some state information to the NAS. The Class attribute 
> must be present in subsequent messages for the session. 
> 
> Requested change: 
> Add following text in section 10: 
> 10.16 Class AVP 
> 
> The Class AVP (AVP Code 25) is of type OctetString and is used to by 
> Diameter servers to return state information to the access device. 
> When one or more Class AVPs are present in application-specific 
> authorization answer messages, they MUST be present in subsequent 
> re-authorization and accounting messages. Class AVPs found in a re- 
> authorization answer message override the ones found in any previous 
> authorization answer message. 


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        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 10:58:39AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 06:42:34PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > I think you need to clarify that if the server is listening on multiple 
> > ports/IPs/protocols, it MUST select a single identity and use it all the 
> > time (e.g. it should not send different identities to different peers). Cf 
> > the text I proposed in the issue submission.
> 
> well, the first part isn't take care of, but the last one is. I'll add
> the former.
> 
> > Actually, it might be good to clarify the two uses of the DiameterIdentity:
> > - as a unique opaque identifier (like Session-Id)
> So stating that it is unique on a given host is needed.

how about:

            fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name

            port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
            ; One of the ports used to listen for incoming connections.
            ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.
            ; Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
            ; listen for incoming connections on the same port, the
            ; DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per host.

            transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
            ; One of the transports used to listen for incoming
            ; connections. If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is
            ; assumed. UDP MUST NOT be used when the aaa-protocol field
            ; is set to diameter.

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
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On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 02:12:29PM -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
> Would it not be reasonable to apply some limit on the total size
> of Class attributes?  With 24-bit lengths, the client otherwise
> has to be prepared to store megabytes of state.

well it would probably make sense to limit the size. Could we
restrict it to the max size of a RADIUS attribute? That would make
gateway functions much simpler, but would limit the Diameter protocol.

Any other ideas of the max length?

Thanks,

PatC

> 
> Barney
> 
> On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 07:20:15AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > All,
> > 
> > After a discussion yesterday, we were able to recover the original issue, and the
> > following is the issue submission. I'd like comments on the proposed text.
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > 
> > PatC
> > ----
> > 
> > Issue 37: Home State Blob 
> > Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
> > Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
> > Date first submitted: June 15 20001 
> > Reference: 
> > Document: Base 
> > Comment Type: Technical 
> > Priority: 2 
> > Section: new section 10.16 
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> > The RADIUS protocol defines the Class attribute, which allows for home 
> > servers to return some state information to the NAS. The Class attribute 
> > must be present in subsequent messages for the session. 
> > 
> > Requested change: 
> > Add following text in section 10: 
> > 10.16 Class AVP 
> > 
> > The Class AVP (AVP Code 25) is of type OctetString and is used to by 
> > Diameter servers to return state information to the access device. 
> > When one or more Class AVPs are present in application-specific 
> > authorization answer messages, they MUST be present in subsequent 
> > re-authorization and accounting messages. Class AVPs found in a re- 
> > authorization answer message override the ones found in any previous 
> > authorization answer message. 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 14:52:48 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 11:31:17 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 84: Possibly editorial issues in cms-sec
Message-ID: <20010615113117.A17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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Jari,

I agree with all of your editorial changes, fixed the document for
the next revision, and will close this issue.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 15:10:40 2001
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From: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
Message-ID: <20010615151039.A20847@tp.databus.com>
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Even RADIUS allows multiple Class attributes, but is saved by the
4096-byte PDU limit.  I'd be happy with 1024 as the total Class
limit and would accept 512.  Anything much more leads one to have
to specify what the client MUST do if it cannot store the state.
I've never actually tried to stess a NAS with lots of Class to
see if I can crash it.
Barney

On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 11:20:05AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 02:12:29PM -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
> > Would it not be reasonable to apply some limit on the total size
> > of Class attributes?  With 24-bit lengths, the client otherwise
> > has to be prepared to store megabytes of state.
> 
> well it would probably make sense to limit the size. Could we
> restrict it to the max size of a RADIUS attribute? That would make
> gateway functions much simpler, but would limit the Diameter protocol.
> 
> Any other ideas of the max length?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> PatC
> 
> > 
> > Barney
> > 
> > On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 07:20:15AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > > All,
> > > 
> > > After a discussion yesterday, we were able to recover the original issue, and the
> > > following is the issue submission. I'd like comments on the proposed text.
> > > 
> > > Thanks,
> > > 
> > > PatC
> > > ----
> > > 
> > > Issue 37: Home State Blob 
> > > Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
> > > Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
> > > Date first submitted: June 15 20001 
> > > Reference: 
> > > Document: Base 
> > > Comment Type: Technical 
> > > Priority: 2 
> > > Section: new section 10.16 
> > > Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> > > The RADIUS protocol defines the Class attribute, which allows for home 
> > > servers to return some state information to the NAS. The Class attribute 
> > > must be present in subsequent messages for the session. 
> > > 
> > > Requested change: 
> > > Add following text in section 10: 
> > > 10.16 Class AVP 
> > > 
> > > The Class AVP (AVP Code 25) is of type OctetString and is used to by 
> > > Diameter servers to return state information to the access device. 
> > > When one or more Class AVPs are present in application-specific 
> > > authorization answer messages, they MUST be present in subsequent 
> > > re-authorization and accounting messages. Class AVPs found in a re- 
> > > authorization answer message override the ones found in any previous 
> > > authorization answer message. 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 17:27:43 2001
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At 6/14/01 02:28 PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
>At 13:59 14/06/01, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
>>Does it also mean that an authorization-only could be followed
>>by an authentication-only?
>
>It could happen (e.g. authorization on called/calling number to pick up 
>the call, then PPP authentication, then PPP authorization (a la Tacacs+)).
>
>>The thing is that I am wondering if an AAA server
>>needs to keep a session opened for an authorization-only or not?
>>For example, in the case that a request is received for
>>authorization-only, which gets routed to a tunnel, is there any
>>point of keeping a session in the AAA or not? I guess there is
>>no point for accounting, neither authentication, am I right?
>
>In some cases you might have authorization-only (based on called/calling 
>number), then accounting start, and later on accounting stop. So, yes, you 
>need to maintain state in that case too.
>
>>By the way, when a AA-Request is received in a AAA server
>>without a User-Name,
>>but containing either a Called-Station-Id or a
>>Calling-Station-Id, is it
>>implicit that tunnelling should be defined in the receiving
>>AAA node or not?
>
>No comprendo.

No.  Tunneling service usually has no difference in the request.
The server figures out that tunneling is the class of service to be given 
that user or port, and initiates it by the contents of the return message.


>>The thing is that I am wondering if it is possible for a AAA
>>proxy server to
>>forward an AA-Request based on DNI or ANIS? Is it common practice?

Yes, typically those doing Called or Calling-Number requests, have a 
configured table of Numbers to realms or servers.

>Yep. We need clarification on exactly which agents are allowed to infer a 
>Destination-Realm to accomplish that. It's in my list of issues to open :-(

Why does this need to be distinguished?

Dave.
----------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                            978-288-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks
david@mitton.com   or      dmitton@nortelnetworks.com  



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 19:53:09 2001
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: "Aaa-Wg@Merit. Edu" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] EAP Support issues
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I think it replaces issue 51, no?

On Fri, 15 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:

> Bernard,
> 
> This is a new issue. Is this intended to replace issue 51? What happens to 51?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> PatC
> On Thu, Jun 14, 2001 at 02:58:58PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> > Submitter name: Bernard Aboba
> > Submitter email address: aboba@internaut.com
> > Date first submitted: 14-June-2001
> > Reference:
> > Document: NASREQ
> > Comment type: T
> > Priority: 1
> > Section: 4.0
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > 
> > When using EAP, the NAS operates as a "pass through" and so NAS
> > behavior is determined by the Diameter message type, *not* by the
> > encapsulated EAP message.
> > 
> > For example:
> > 
> > a. It is not required that an Accept or Reject message contain
> >    an EAP-Message AVP.
> > b. If an EAP-Message AVP is included, it is not required that it
> >    correspond to the message type. For example, an EAP-Failure can
> >    be encapsulated within an Access-Accept, and an EAP-Success can
> >    be encapsulated within an Access-Reject.
> > 
> > To allow correct operation in these cases, the NAS behavior MUST
> > be determined by the Diameter message type alone. This means that a
> > Reject message must result in termination of the authentication
> > conversation, an Accept message must result in allowing
> > access, and a challenge results in continuing the conversation.
> > 
> > How the success/failure is communicated to the user is
> > a subject for RFC 2284 and potential updates (RFC 2284bis),
> > and need not concern us in specifying the Diameter behavior.
> > 
> > Note that there has been discussion as to whether an EAP-Success or
> > EAP-Failure may be encapsulated within a Challenge message. I believe
> > that the answer to this is NO. Reasoning:
> > 
> >    Success and Failure messages are not ACK'd. Therefore the client
> >    will not respond, and thus the NAS will not have material with
> >    which to send another Request, unless it manufactures something
> >    on its own, which goes against the "passthrough" spirit of EAP.
> > 
> >    Thus, from a AAA perspective, an encapsulated EAP-Success or
> >    Failure message ends the authentication conversation and thus
> >    MUST be encapsulated within a final message (Accept or Reject)
> > 
> > It has also been asked whether multiple EAP methods may be used
> > to conduct a single authentication. This is really an EAP issue,
> > but with respect to AAA, I believe that the answer is that it is
> > not possible to encapsulate multiple EAP Success or Failure messages within
> > a single AAA conversation, because of the above reasoning. However,
> > it would be possible for a AAA server to conduct a conversation of
> > one type, then switch to another type, and finally, to send an
> > EAP Success or EAP Failure message at the end, encapsulated within
> > an Accept or Reject.
> > 
> > Requested change:
> > 
> > PPP-specific references to be removed (EAP can be used with IEEE 802 as
> > well).
> > Text to be added to Section 4.0 articulating the above.
> > 
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 23:11:44 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 22:49:31 -0400
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
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Pat,

The format you proposed doesn't follow the rules for generic URI syntax 
(RFC 2396). The scheme is the part that precedes the first colon, and the 
segment that follows double slash is supposed to be the fqdn, so you 
can't have a scheme like:

aaa://diameter

since "diameter" would be interpreted as an fqdn according to the 
standard rules.

Instead, how about:

	[scheme-name]  fqdn  [port]  [protocol]  [transport]

for example:

	aaa://server.acme.com;protocol=diameter;transport=sctp

This, of course, could be abbreviated to:

	server.acme.com

Note also that URIs can normally contain either an fqdn or an IP 
address. I think we want to discourage the use of IP addresses. 
Perhaps a statement like the following:

"Diameter implementations SHOULD (or MUST?) specify a host 
name in the fqdn, not an IP address. Use of IP address could 
complicate the expansion of URIs into a canonical form 
suitable for comparison."

Paul

At 09:15 AM 6/15/01 -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>Below is my proposed fix to close this issue.
>
>Comments appreciated,
>
>PatC
>----
>4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats
>
>[editor's note: new text in the description following the port field,
>and added a new paragraph at the end]
>
>[...]
>      DiameterIdentity
>         The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
>         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>         requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
>         the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules
>         specified below:
>
>            Diameter-Identity  = [scheme-name] fqdn [ port ]
>                                 [ transport ]
>
>            scheme-name        = "aaa://" aaa-protocol "/"
>            ; If absent, the default BASE for relative URI references
>            ; is aaa://diameter/
>
>            aaa-protocol       = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )
>
>            fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name
>
>            port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
>            ; The port used to listen for incoming connections.
>            ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.
>
>            transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
>            ; If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is assumed.
>            ; UDP is ONLY used when the protocol is set to RADIUS
>
>            The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:
>
>               host.abc.com;transport=tcp
>               host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
>               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com
>               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666
>               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
>               aaa://radius/host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp
>
>         The first two forms are relative URI references, against the default
>         base of aaa://diameter/.
>
>         When comparing AVPs of this format, it is necessary to add any absent
>         fields with the default values prior to the comparison. For example,
>         diameter-host.abc.com would be expanded to
>         aaa://diameter/diameter-host.abc.com:TBD;protocol=sctp.
>
>[...]
>
>[editor's note: New last sentence]
>
>5.4  Origin-Host AVP
>
>   The Origin-Host AVP (AVP Code 264) is of type DiameterIdentity, and
>   MUST be present in all Diameter messages. This AVP identifies the
>   endpoint which originated the Diameter message, i.e. the access
>   device, home server, or broker. Relay agents MUST NOT modify this
>   AVP. The same identity used in the CER or CEA's Origin-Host AVP MUST
>   be used in all subsequent messages that include an AVP containing the 
>   Diameter node's identity.

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 15 23:33:24 2001
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Date: Fri, 15 Jun 2001 23:11:10 -0400
To: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
In-Reply-To: <20010615151039.A20847@tp.databus.com>
References: <20010615112005.Y17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <20010615072015.P17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <20010615141229.A20528@tp.databus.com>
 <20010615112005.Y17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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I'd vote not to specify a maximum length. Maybe just a warning to 
be economical with the amount of Class information you burden 
the NAS with.

A NAS implementation can define its own behavior if it doesn't have 
the memory to store the Class information; maybe it just drops the 
session. But it's unlikely in practice that Diameter servers will be 
overloading NASes with this kind of stuff, and it doesn't make sense 
to impose an arbitrary limit when there may be cases where a 
larger amount of Class information is necessary and the NAS is known 
to be able to handle it.

Plus, what's a Diameter server supposed to do if it must send back 
a certain amount of Class information and it's over the limit? Reject?

Paul


At 03:10 PM 6/15/01 -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
>Even RADIUS allows multiple Class attributes, but is saved by the
>4096-byte PDU limit.  I'd be happy with 1024 as the total Class
>limit and would accept 512.  Anything much more leads one to have
>to specify what the client MUST do if it cannot store the state.
>I've never actually tried to stess a NAS with lots of Class to
>see if I can crash it.
>Barney
>
>On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 11:20:05AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>> On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 02:12:29PM -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
>> > Would it not be reasonable to apply some limit on the total size
>> > of Class attributes?  With 24-bit lengths, the client otherwise
>> > has to be prepared to store megabytes of state.
>> 
>> well it would probably make sense to limit the size. Could we
>> restrict it to the max size of a RADIUS attribute? That would make
>> gateway functions much simpler, but would limit the Diameter protocol.
>> 
>> Any other ideas of the max length?
>> 
>> Thanks,
>> 
>> PatC
>> 
>> > 
>> > Barney
>> > 
>> > On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 07:20:15AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>> > > All,
>> > > 
>> > > After a discussion yesterday, we were able to recover the original 
>issue, and the
>> > > following is the issue submission. I'd like comments on the proposed 
>text.
>> > > 
>> > > Thanks,
>> > > 
>> > > PatC
>> > > ----
>> > > 
>> > > Issue 37: Home State Blob 
>> > > Submitter name: Pat Calhoun 
>> > > Submitter email address: pcalhoun@diameter.org 
>> > > Date first submitted: June 15 20001 
>> > > Reference: 
>> > > Document: Base 
>> > > Comment Type: Technical 
>> > > Priority: 2 
>> > > Section: new section 10.16 
>> > > Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
>> > > The RADIUS protocol defines the Class attribute, which allows for home 
>> > > servers to return some state information to the NAS. The Class
attribute 
>> > > must be present in subsequent messages for the session. 
>> > > 
>> > > Requested change: 
>> > > Add following text in section 10: 
>> > > 10.16 Class AVP 
>> > > 
>> > > The Class AVP (AVP Code 25) is of type OctetString and is used to by 
>> > > Diameter servers to return state information to the access device. 
>> > > When one or more Class AVPs are present in application-specific 
>> > > authorization answer messages, they MUST be present in subsequent 
>> > > re-authorization and accounting messages. Class AVPs found in a re- 
>> > > authorization answer message override the ones found in any previous 
>> > > authorization answer message. 

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 16 07:46:08 2001
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Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 13:36:08 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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Hi,

The following points need to be discussed before text can be proposed:

- Clarify if connections to peers are supposed to be opened at startup, or 
when needed only.

I would say at startup (so that the agent knows immediately if peers are up 
or down when a request needs to be sent, and to avoid long connection 
establishment -and thus forwarding- delays).

On the other hand, a roaming consortium proxy might not want to keep 
hundreds of sessions up all the time. An aggregator proxy might not want to 
keep connections to each and every access device it serves all the time 
either (some access devices might have very low usage?).

It's probably best to make it an administrative option?

- Clarify relationship of server discovery (SLP, DNS A, DNS SRV...) with 
peer table and/or routing table.

The issue is to know if the use of any of the "server discovery" methods 
(DNS, SLP...) is an extension to the routing table (map a realm to a peer, 
but the peer must already be in our peer table), or to the routing AND peer 
table (map a realm to a peer created on the fly), or just to the peer table.

At least in the case of DNS, I think it's the former, but maybe people have 
reasons to believe otherwise? And in the case of SLP, I have no idea, not 
fluent with that one yet :-( Probably the second or third, but then 
shouldn't there be things like realms in the service template in Appendix A?

In the first case, what if DNS resolves to a peer we don't have in our peer 
table?

In the second and third case, what about security associations (can you put 
a certificate in DNS?)

- Clarify whether "on-demand" connections (e.g. Redirect-Host with 
certificate) should timeout.

This also applies to DNS/SLP-discovered servers, and if connections are 
established when needed only (cf first issue above). At the moment, we 
actually force all connections to stay established using the Watchdog 
messages, if I'm not mistaken?

Let me know what you think so I can propose some text. I will also include 
some text for the rest of the items.

Thanks,

Jacques.

At 18:29 14/06/01, Jacques Caron wrote:
>Submitter name: Jacques Caron
>Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
>Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
>Reference:
>Document: Base
>Comment type: T
>Priority: 1
>Section: throughout
>Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>
>- If multiple hosts listed for a given realm (redirect, relay, proxy), use 
>the same one for a given Session (either need to maintain Session state or 
>to use some hash function based on Session-ID) unless error occurs (and 
>then keep that one that works).
>- Clarify if connections to peers are supposed to be opened at startup, or 
>when needed only.
>- Clarify relationship of server discovery (SLP, DNS A, DNS SRV...) with 
>peer table and/or routing table.
>- move peer and routing table description earlier in the doc (somewhere in 
>2.5 or 2.6).
>- Clarify whether "on-demand" connections (e.g. Redirect-Host with 
>certificate) should timeout.
>- refuse connection to oneself
>
>Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 16 13:23:26 2001
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Date: Sat, 16 Jun 2001 13:23:01 -0400
From: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Cc: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
Message-ID: <20010616132301.C28257@tp.databus.com>
References: <20010615112005.Y17928@charizard.diameter.org> <20010615072015.P17928@charizard.diameter.org> <20010615141229.A20528@tp.databus.com> <20010615112005.Y17928@charizard.diameter.org> <20010615151039.A20847@tp.databus.com> <4.1.20010615225856.01cf3360@cairo.funk.com>
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The idea of a fixed limit is to guide the designers of the NAS and
server.  Without a limit, the NAS may accomodate a huge Class for
one session and then be unable to handle even a minimal Class for
another.  The server needs to be able to count on a reasonably
sized Class being accepted.  In return, the server designer must
not use a scheme that ever requires an unreasonably large Class.

Barney

On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 11:11:10PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
> I'd vote not to specify a maximum length. Maybe just a warning to 
> be economical with the amount of Class information you burden 
> the NAS with.
> 
> A NAS implementation can define its own behavior if it doesn't have 
> the memory to store the Class information; maybe it just drops the 
> session. But it's unlikely in practice that Diameter servers will be 
> overloading NASes with this kind of stuff, and it doesn't make sense 
> to impose an arbitrary limit when there may be cases where a 
> larger amount of Class information is necessary and the NAS is known 
> to be able to handle it.
> 
> Plus, what's a Diameter server supposed to do if it must send back 
> a certain amount of Class information and it's over the limit? Reject?


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Jun 17 08:51:14 2001
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Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2001 14:34:11 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010615105839.V17928@charizard.diameter.org>
References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010615182907.00bf49b0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010615091501.C17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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At 19:58 15/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > And I don't think you actually need to add the missing parts if the
> > DiameterIdentity is actually considered an opaque unique identifier (made
> > unique by its syntax in the case of multiple processes on the same box)
> > that should be string-matched. Mmmm... in fact it might be necessary when
> > you try to look up a Redirect-Host in the peer table.
>
>but if you have some local configuration, it MAY include the whole URI,
>without any shortcuts, so not expanding would cause problems.

That's valid only for matching Redirect-Hosts with existing sessions. But 
even in that case the match might not succeed.

> > [as an aside, that leads to another interesting issue: if A sends request
> > to B, B responds "redirect to C", A doesn't find C in its peer table (B
> > sends a name/port/protocol different from the one(s) A knows), A connects
> > to C and sends CER, C recognizes A and disconnects, then C should still
> > send a CEA on the connection before closing it so that A knows that it was
> > the C it already know, and A needs to add to its peer table the name of C
> > that B gave him]
>
>You've lost me here as to what the problem actually is, other than the CEA
>is needed before you disconnect (I think that's what you are raising as an 
>issue).

That's an issue. The other issue is that there's a need to be able to 
associate multiple identities to a peer in the peer table, so that once A 
has discovered that the host B told it to redirect to is actually C (which 
A already knows and is connected to), it can use that information any other 
time that B tells it to redirect to it.

Let's take an example:

- diameter.isp1.net has a connection established to incoming.roaming.org 
and to diameter.isp2.net.
- diameter.isp1.net sends a requests to incoming.roaming.org.
- incoming.roaming.org replies to diameter.isp1.net: redirect to 
diameter.company.com.
- diameter.isp1.net connects to diameter.company.com, which actually is 
diameter.isp2.net, but diameter.isp1.net doesn't know it (yet)
- diameter.isp2.net receives the CER from diameter.isp1.net, and detects 
that there already is a connection [btw, imagine the first connection was 
established in the same direction: the election is a tie in this case...]. 
It sends back a CEA, and one of the two disconnects.
- diameter.isp1.net know knows that diameter.company.com == 
diameter.isp2.net. Two things here:
1. it must send the request that it wanted to send to diameter.company.com 
to diameter.isp2.net.
2. it must store the fact that diameter.company.com == diameter.isp2.net 
somewhere, so that later redirects to diameter.company.com go directly to 
diameter.isp2.net.

On a completely different note regarding the election process... What is to 
prevent a peer from sending a fake identity (knowing quite well that it is 
easy to force a win in an election) to get requests that are supposed to be 
going to another server? (even though using e2e security or things like EAP 
SRP would prevent much of the damage like stealing passwords etc, that 
still counts as a DoS attack).

It might thus be necessary to at least check that the name given resolves 
to the IP address of the remote end of the connection.

> > Actually, it might be good to clarify the two uses of the DiameterIdentity:
> > - as a unique opaque identifier (like Session-Id)
>So stating that it is unique on a given host is needed.

Yup.

> > - as a way to designate a given Host (for the purposes of 
> Redirect-Host, or
> > in a peer/routing table config file)
>I thought you opened another issue on this one, and would prefer to keep
>issues separate.

The issue here is just to state in the defintion of DiameterIdentity that 
there are two uses of it: one unique (which is opaque, and the format given 
here is only meant to make it unique; note that here strict string matching 
is enough), and one as an URI to point to another server (where it gets 
awfully more complex). It should be stated in 2.7, so there is no confusion 
later on.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sun Jun 17 08:51:27 2001
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Date: Sun, 17 Jun 2001 14:42:48 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010615111502.W17928@charizard.diameter.org>
References: <20010615105839.V17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <20010615091501.C17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010615182907.00bf49b0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
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At 20:15 15/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>how about:
>
>             fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name
>
>             port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
>             ; One of the ports used to listen for incoming connections.
>             ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.
>             ; Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
>             ; listen for incoming connections on the same port, the
>             ; DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per host.

I'd rather move that to a distinct paragraph after the definition, as it 
applies not just to the port, but to the combination of transport, address, 
and port (a process might be listening on multiple different addresses 
and/or using different transports).

This is the text I had originally proposed in the issue submission:
>The port and protocol listed above are those that a node uses to listen 
>for incoming connections.
>
>When a process listens on multiple different addresses or ports or using 
>different protocols, it should select a single combination of those, and 
>always use the same value as its identity for the lifetime of all 
>connections to peers. This value should be sent in Origin-Host in CER/CEA 
>and other messages, used in Route-Record AVPs, and any other AVPs 
>containing DiameterIdentity.

However, there is an issue here with what I wrote in my previous post about 
checking that the host in the DiameterIdentity resolves correctly, in a 
scenario where a diameter proxy acts as a gateway between two routing domains.

Imagine diameter-gw.private.net is a gateway between the public Internet 
and a private network (with private addressing), for the purpose of 
proxying diameter messages.

It seems obvious that the gateway must present itself with a public 
name/address on the public side, and a private name/address on the private 
side. Which conflicts with the unique and constant identity...

Damn. Security sure is a tricky issue :-(

Jacques.


_________________________________________________________
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Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 03:42:39 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 09:54:40 +0200 (MET DST)
From: Erik Guttman <Erik.Guttman@Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Erik Guttman <Erik.Guttman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: "Your message with ID" <4.3.2.7.2.20010613200236.00c18b60@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
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> Submitter name: Jacques Caron
> Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
> Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
> Reference:
> Document: Base
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 2
> Section: throughout, but clarification to be added in 2.7
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> We need to clarify how two host descriptors are matched, e.g. in loop 
> matching. Options are:
> - exact lexical match (strcmp)
> - expand (add defaults such as diameter://, :port, and ;transport=sctp), 
> then exact lexical match (or match on protocol+name+port+transport)

Host names are case insensitive.

> - expand name to IP addresses, and match on protocol+IP+port+transport (if 
> name resolves to multiple IP addresses, any match between the two 
> expansions is a match)

The (set of) addresses that a name resolves to may not be the same each
time - if some load balancing tricks are done.  Why not match on the name?

>     For the purposes of loop checking and other comparison purposes, two
>     DiameterIdentity values match if they are lexically identical (i.e.
>     the two strings are the same).

believe that case insensitive comparison should be done for elements in
the DiameterIdentity to determine equality.

Erik



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From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'David Mitton'" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu, "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 10:25:24 +0200
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See comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Mitton [mailto:dmitton@nortelnetworks.com]
> Sent: Monday, June 11, 2001 10:14 PM

> Only one process can be listening on a given port number at a 
> time.   When 
> the listening process accepts the connection (at least on Unix) a new 
> socket is created, and typically it is given a new unique 
> ephemeral port 
> number. The original port number is not needed, as the 
> connection has been 
> made.
> 
> The listening process can spawn subprocesses or threads to 
> handle that 
> connection socket, but it still holds the listening well-known socket.

It seems to be still unclear how could 2 servers can connect with each other,
especially in the case of multi-process support. I guess that 
it should be possible for 2 servers to establish several TCP connections
using the same destination IP and port number, whenever the receiver can span 
the connections within its system properly. I understand that it is not desired
when the receiver does not support that functionality, but then it simply has
to reject the extra connections, or configure the initiating servers correctly.

The thing is that I would prefer to have interoperability with such a feature,
i.e. allowing servers to connect with each other with a number of permitted
connections to the same IP and port number in order to allow such a possible
configuration. We should also consider systems having a Load Balancer and a VIP,
in which case it is possible to load balance the connections to several
servers within the cluster, having only one IP and port number. Then, it is quite
obvious that it would be nice to have several connections between 2 servers.

In the actual draft, how should the initiating server be configured for doing so? 
Was the idea of supporting several processes on the same machine intended 
for the same Host identity or not? It seems that the only
way it could work is by defining a different host identity for each of the 
server instance of the machine, am I right?

> If you need to run different server "instances" on the same 
> system, they 
> have to listen to connections with distinct socket numbers, 
> (that's how IP 
> knows where to deliver your packets) or you partion your 
> implementation 
> internally.
> 
> So far, I thought the URI would include the ability to configure a 
> non-default target (listening) port number which would be 
> critical to doing 
> this.
> 
> Dave.

Martin


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 09:35:48 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010617143437.00c7e4c0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Sun, Jun 17, 2001 at 02:42:48PM +0200
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On Sun, Jun 17, 2001 at 02:42:48PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 20:15 15/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >how about:
> >
> >             fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name
> >
> >             port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
> >             ; One of the ports used to listen for incoming connections.
> >             ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.
> >             ; Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
> >             ; listen for incoming connections on the same port, the
> >             ; DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per host.
> 
> I'd rather move that to a distinct paragraph after the definition, as it 
> applies not just to the port, but to the combination of transport, address, 
> and port (a process might be listening on multiple different addresses 
> and/or using different transports).

done

> 
> This is the text I had originally proposed in the issue submission:
> >The port and protocol listed above are those that a node uses to listen 
> >for incoming connections.
> >
> >When a process listens on multiple different addresses or ports or using 
> >different protocols, it should select a single combination of those, and 
> >always use the same value as its identity for the lifetime of all 
> >connections to peers. This value should be sent in Origin-Host in CER/CEA 
> >and other messages, used in Route-Record AVPs, and any other AVPs 
> >containing DiameterIdentity.
> 
> However, there is an issue here with what I wrote in my previous post about 
> checking that the host in the DiameterIdentity resolves correctly, in a 
> scenario where a diameter proxy acts as a gateway between two routing domains.
> 
> Imagine diameter-gw.private.net is a gateway between the public Internet 
> and a private network (with private addressing), for the purpose of 
> proxying diameter messages.
> 
> It seems obvious that the gateway must present itself with a public 
> name/address on the public side, and a private name/address on the private 
> side. Which conflicts with the unique and constant identity...
> 
> Damn. Security sure is a tricky issue :-(

There is nothing in the protocol that disallows a diameter node from
advertising a different FQDN on different interfaces. The only rule is
that once you've advertised yourself, you MUST use the same identity 
throughout the connection.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 09:37:25 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 06:26:53 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
Message-ID: <20010618062653.K17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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The proposal that I sent out followed a review by the IESG's URI advisors. 
Let me see what they think about the following, and we'll take it from
there.

Thanks,

PatC
On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 10:49:31PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
> Pat,
> 
> The format you proposed doesn't follow the rules for generic URI syntax 
> (RFC 2396). The scheme is the part that precedes the first colon, and the 
> segment that follows double slash is supposed to be the fqdn, so you 
> can't have a scheme like:
> 
> aaa://diameter
> 
> since "diameter" would be interpreted as an fqdn according to the 
> standard rules.
> 
> Instead, how about:
> 
> 	[scheme-name]  fqdn  [port]  [protocol]  [transport]
> 
> for example:
> 
> 	aaa://server.acme.com;protocol=diameter;transport=sctp
> 
> This, of course, could be abbreviated to:
> 
> 	server.acme.com
> 
> Note also that URIs can normally contain either an fqdn or an IP 
> address. I think we want to discourage the use of IP addresses. 
> Perhaps a statement like the following:
> 
> "Diameter implementations SHOULD (or MUST?) specify a host 
> name in the fqdn, not an IP address. Use of IP address could 
> complicate the expansion of URIs into a canonical form 
> suitable for comparison."
> 
> Paul
> 
> At 09:15 AM 6/15/01 -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >All,
> >
> >Below is my proposed fix to close this issue.
> >
> >Comments appreciated,
> >
> >PatC
> >----
> >4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats
> >
> >[editor's note: new text in the description following the port field,
> >and added a new paragraph at the end]
> >
> >[...]
> >      DiameterIdentity
> >         The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
> >         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
> >         requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
> >         the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules
> >         specified below:
> >
> >            Diameter-Identity  = [scheme-name] fqdn [ port ]
> >                                 [ transport ]
> >
> >            scheme-name        = "aaa://" aaa-protocol "/"
> >            ; If absent, the default BASE for relative URI references
> >            ; is aaa://diameter/
> >
> >            aaa-protocol       = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )
> >
> >            fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name
> >
> >            port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
> >            ; The port used to listen for incoming connections.
> >            ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.
> >
> >            transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
> >            ; If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is assumed.
> >            ; UDP is ONLY used when the protocol is set to RADIUS
> >
> >            The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:
> >
> >               host.abc.com;transport=tcp
> >               host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
> >               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com
> >               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666
> >               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
> >               aaa://radius/host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp
> >
> >         The first two forms are relative URI references, against the default
> >         base of aaa://diameter/.
> >
> >         When comparing AVPs of this format, it is necessary to add any absent
> >         fields with the default values prior to the comparison. For example,
> >         diameter-host.abc.com would be expanded to
> >         aaa://diameter/diameter-host.abc.com:TBD;protocol=sctp.
> >
> >[...]
> >
> >[editor's note: New last sentence]
> >
> >5.4  Origin-Host AVP
> >
> >   The Origin-Host AVP (AVP Code 264) is of type DiameterIdentity, and
> >   MUST be present in all Diameter messages. This AVP identifies the
> >   endpoint which originated the Diameter message, i.e. the access
> >   device, home server, or broker. Relay agents MUST NOT modify this
> >   AVP. The same identity used in the CER or CEA's Origin-Host AVP MUST
> >   be used in all subsequent messages that include an AVP containing the 
> >   Diameter node's identity.
> 
> Paul Funk
> Funk Software, Inc.
> 617 497-6339
> paul@funk.com
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 09:43:09 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 15:42:54 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010618062510.J17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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 <20010615091501.C17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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At 15:25 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>There is nothing in the protocol that disallows a diameter node from
>advertising a different FQDN on different interfaces. The only rule is
>that once you've advertised yourself, you MUST use the same identity
>throughout the connection.

It's not yet in there, but that was something that I raised earlier and 
that you said you would fix. If you don't, then there is a problem to 
detect multiple connections (or loops) in some cases.

One option would be for a server to adverstise ALL its identities during 
CER/CEA exchange. And matching would be done on IP address+port+protocol, 
not string.

Jacques.


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010618154013.00c897a0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 03:42:54PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 03:42:54PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 15:25 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >There is nothing in the protocol that disallows a diameter node from
> >advertising a different FQDN on different interfaces. The only rule is
> >that once you've advertised yourself, you MUST use the same identity
> >throughout the connection.
> 
> It's not yet in there, but that was something that I raised earlier and 
> that you said you would fix. If you don't, then there is a problem to 
> detect multiple connections (or loops) in some cases.
> 
> One option would be for a server to adverstise ALL its identities during 
> CER/CEA exchange. And matching would be done on IP address+port+protocol, 
> not string.

Here's my preferred option (this is a fix for both issues you've raised
in this thread):

      DiameterIdentity
         The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
         the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules
         specified below:

            Diameter-Identity  = [scheme-name] fqdn [ port ]
                                 [ transport ]

            scheme-name        = "aaa://" aaa-protocol "/"
            ; If absent, the default BASE for relative URI references
            ; is aaa://diameter/

            aaa-protocol       = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )

            fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name

            port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
            ; One of the ports used to listen for incoming connections.
            ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.

            transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp")
            ; One of the transports used to listen for incoming
            ; connections. If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is
            ; assumed. UDP MUST NOT be used when the aaa-protocol field
            ; is set to diameter.

            The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:

               host.abc.com;transport=tcp
               host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666
               aaa://diameter/host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
               aaa://radius/host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp

         The first two forms are relative URI references, against the
         default base of aaa://diameter/.

         Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
         listen for incoming connections on the same port on a given
         protocol, the DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per
         host.

         A Diameter node MAY advertise different identities on each
         connection, via the CER and CEA's Origin-Host AVP, but the same
         identity MUST be used throughout the duration of a connection.

         When comparing AVPs of this format, it is necessary to add any
         absent fields with the default values prior to the comparison.
         For example, diameter-host.abc.com would be expanded to
         aaa://diameter/diameter-host.abc.com:TBD;protocol=sctp.


PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Aaa-Wg@Merit. Edu" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] EAP Support issues
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On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 04:47:34PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> I think it replaces issue 51, no?

If we can get some confirmation from Henry, I will then close 51.

Henry?

PatC
> 
> On Fri, 15 Jun 2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> > Bernard,
> > 
> > This is a new issue. Is this intended to replace issue 51? What happens to 51?
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > 
> > PatC
> > On Thu, Jun 14, 2001 at 02:58:58PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> > > Submitter name: Bernard Aboba
> > > Submitter email address: aboba@internaut.com
> > > Date first submitted: 14-June-2001
> > > Reference:
> > > Document: NASREQ
> > > Comment type: T
> > > Priority: 1
> > > Section: 4.0
> > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > > 
> > > When using EAP, the NAS operates as a "pass through" and so NAS
> > > behavior is determined by the Diameter message type, *not* by the
> > > encapsulated EAP message.
> > > 
> > > For example:
> > > 
> > > a. It is not required that an Accept or Reject message contain
> > >    an EAP-Message AVP.
> > > b. If an EAP-Message AVP is included, it is not required that it
> > >    correspond to the message type. For example, an EAP-Failure can
> > >    be encapsulated within an Access-Accept, and an EAP-Success can
> > >    be encapsulated within an Access-Reject.
> > > 
> > > To allow correct operation in these cases, the NAS behavior MUST
> > > be determined by the Diameter message type alone. This means that a
> > > Reject message must result in termination of the authentication
> > > conversation, an Accept message must result in allowing
> > > access, and a challenge results in continuing the conversation.
> > > 
> > > How the success/failure is communicated to the user is
> > > a subject for RFC 2284 and potential updates (RFC 2284bis),
> > > and need not concern us in specifying the Diameter behavior.
> > > 
> > > Note that there has been discussion as to whether an EAP-Success or
> > > EAP-Failure may be encapsulated within a Challenge message. I believe
> > > that the answer to this is NO. Reasoning:
> > > 
> > >    Success and Failure messages are not ACK'd. Therefore the client
> > >    will not respond, and thus the NAS will not have material with
> > >    which to send another Request, unless it manufactures something
> > >    on its own, which goes against the "passthrough" spirit of EAP.
> > > 
> > >    Thus, from a AAA perspective, an encapsulated EAP-Success or
> > >    Failure message ends the authentication conversation and thus
> > >    MUST be encapsulated within a final message (Accept or Reject)
> > > 
> > > It has also been asked whether multiple EAP methods may be used
> > > to conduct a single authentication. This is really an EAP issue,
> > > but with respect to AAA, I believe that the answer is that it is
> > > not possible to encapsulate multiple EAP Success or Failure messages within
> > > a single AAA conversation, because of the above reasoning. However,
> > > it would be possible for a AAA server to conduct a conversation of
> > > one type, then switch to another type, and finally, to send an
> > > EAP Success or EAP Failure message at the end, encapsulated within
> > > an Accept or Reject.
> > > 
> > > Requested change:
> > > 
> > > PPP-specific references to be removed (EAP can be used with IEEE 802 as
> > > well).
> > > Text to be added to Section 4.0 articulating the above.
> > > 
> > 
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 10:06:39 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 16:06:44 +0200
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Move filter-rule AVP to base
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Submitter name: Jacques Caron
Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: Base, NASREQ, Mobile IP
Comment type: E
Priority: 2
Section: NASREQ/2.12, Mobile IP/4.10, Base/4.6
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

The Filter-Rule AVP is present in both NASREQ and Mobile IP. It might be 
moved to base as one of the standard types and AVPs.

Requested change:

In base, add:

4.6  Standard AVPs

    Some AVPs are used in several different applications. To avoid 
duplication, these
    AVPs are defined here, even though they are not used in the base protocol.

And add NASREQ/2.1.2 here as 4.6.1

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 10:11:41 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 07:00:56 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Move filter-rule AVP to base
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That was my preference, and folks decided that they didn't like it.

Should we re-open this one?

PatC
On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 04:06:44PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Submitter name: Jacques Caron
> Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
> Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
> Reference:
> Document: Base, NASREQ, Mobile IP
> Comment type: E
> Priority: 2
> Section: NASREQ/2.12, Mobile IP/4.10, Base/4.6
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> The Filter-Rule AVP is present in both NASREQ and Mobile IP. It might be 
> moved to base as one of the standard types and AVPs.
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> In base, add:
> 
> 4.6  Standard AVPs
> 
>     Some AVPs are used in several different applications. To avoid 
> duplication, these
>     AVPs are defined here, even though they are not used in the base protocol.
> 
> And add NASREQ/2.1.2 here as 4.6.1
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 10:18:39 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 16:17:44 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Move filter-rule AVP to base
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 16:00 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>That was my preference, and folks decided that they didn't like it.

Suspected that might have been the case, but didn't find mention of it in 
the issues list (was probably before the formal issues list was started).

>Should we re-open this one?

I think that with the introduction of the newer AVP subtypes (enums, 
identity...) we could at least move the syntax in the AVP types section?

Jacques.

>PatC
>On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 04:06:44PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > Submitter name: Jacques Caron
> > Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
> > Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
> > Reference:
> > Document: Base, NASREQ, Mobile IP
> > Comment type: E
> > Priority: 2
> > Section: NASREQ/2.12, Mobile IP/4.10, Base/4.6
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> >
> > The Filter-Rule AVP is present in both NASREQ and Mobile IP. It might be
> > moved to base as one of the standard types and AVPs.
> >
> > Requested change:
> >
> > In base, add:
> >
> > 4.6  Standard AVPs
> >
> >     Some AVPs are used in several different applications. To avoid
> > duplication, these
> >     AVPs are defined here, even though they are not used in the base 
> protocol.
> >
> > And add NASREQ/2.1.2 here as 4.6.1
> >
> > Jacques.
> >
> >
> > _________________________________________________________
> > Do You Yahoo!?
> > Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> >


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
Cc: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 37: Home State Blob
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Allright, given the discussions between Paul and Barney, would the following
work?

10.16  Class AVP

   The Class AVP (AVP Code 25) is of type OctetString and is used to by
   Diameter servers to return state information to the access device.
   When one or more Class AVPs are present in application-specific
   authorization answer messages, they MUST be present in subsequent
   re-authorization and accounting messages. Class AVPs found in a re-
   authorization answer message override the ones found in any previous
   authorization answer message. Diameter server implementations SHOULD
   NOT return Class AVPs that require more than 4096 bytes of storage on
   the Diameter client. A Diameter client that receives Class AVPs whose
   size exceeds local available storage MUST terminate the session.

On Sat, Jun 16, 2001 at 01:23:01PM -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
> The idea of a fixed limit is to guide the designers of the NAS and
> server.  Without a limit, the NAS may accomodate a huge Class for
> one session and then be unable to handle even a minimal Class for
> another.  The server needs to be able to count on a reasonably
> sized Class being accepted.  In return, the server designer must
> not use a scheme that ever requires an unreasonably large Class.
> 
> Barney
> 
> On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 11:11:10PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
> > I'd vote not to specify a maximum length. Maybe just a warning to 
> > be economical with the amount of Class information you burden 
> > the NAS with.
> > 
> > A NAS implementation can define its own behavior if it doesn't have 
> > the memory to store the Class information; maybe it just drops the 
> > session. But it's unlikely in practice that Diameter servers will be 
> > overloading NASes with this kind of stuff, and it doesn't make sense 
> > to impose an arbitrary limit when there may be cases where a 
> > larger amount of Class information is necessary and the NAS is known 
> > to be able to handle it.
> > 
> > Plus, what's a Diameter server supposed to do if it must send back 
> > a certain amount of Class information and it's over the limit? Reject?


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Move filter-rule AVP to base
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010618161610.00c32b40@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 04:17:44PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 04:17:44PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 16:00 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >That was my preference, and folks decided that they didn't like it.
> 
> Suspected that might have been the case, but didn't find mention of it in 
> the issues list (was probably before the formal issues list was started).
> 
> >Should we re-open this one?
> 
> I think that with the introduction of the newer AVP subtypes (enums, 
> identity...) we could at least move the syntax in the AVP types section?

Adding it as a subtype is something I would certainly entertain. 

Others?

PatC
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> >PatC
> >On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 04:06:44PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > Submitter name: Jacques Caron
> > > Submitter email address: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
> > > Date first submitted: 14-Jun-2001
> > > Reference:
> > > Document: Base, NASREQ, Mobile IP
> > > Comment type: E
> > > Priority: 2
> > > Section: NASREQ/2.12, Mobile IP/4.10, Base/4.6
> > > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > >
> > > The Filter-Rule AVP is present in both NASREQ and Mobile IP. It might be
> > > moved to base as one of the standard types and AVPs.
> > >
> > > Requested change:
> > >
> > > In base, add:
> > >
> > > 4.6  Standard AVPs
> > >
> > >     Some AVPs are used in several different applications. To avoid
> > > duplication, these
> > >     AVPs are defined here, even though they are not used in the base 
> > protocol.
> > >
> > > And add NASREQ/2.1.2 here as 4.6.1
> > >
> > > Jacques.
> > >
> > >
> > > _________________________________________________________
> > > Do You Yahoo!?
> > > Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> > >
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 10:43:17 2001
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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aboba@internaut.com
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] EAP Support issues
Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 17:42:50 +0300
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> On Fri, Jun 15, 2001 at 04:47:34PM -0700, Bernard Aboba wrote:
> > I think it replaces issue 51, no?
> 
> If we can get some confirmation from Henry, I will then close 51.
> 
> Henry?

I agree with everything in Bernard's issue description.
But I'd still like to include some text on roundtrip 
optimization. I don't think it can be entirely covered
in the RFC2284bis document. Can we include something along 
these lines:

   If an EAP Request is encapsulated within an Access-Accept or 
   Access-Reject, then the NAS MUST relay the encapsulated EAP 
   Request to the peer. The NAS MUST retransmit the EAP Request 
   to the peer until a Response packet with the same Identifier is 
   received or an optional retry counter expires. The NAS MUST NOT 
   send the received Response packet to the AAA server but it MUST 
   discard the Response packet. On receipt of the Response packet, 
   the NAS MAY manufacture an EAP-Success or an EAP-Failure (depending 
   on the Diameter message type) and send it to the peer.

Regards,
Henry


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 10:46:31 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 16:46:28 +0200
To: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] EAP Support issues
Cc: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 16:42 18/06/01, henry.haverinen@nokia.com wrote:
>   If an EAP Request is encapsulated within an Access-Accept or
>    Access-Reject, then the NAS MUST relay the encapsulated EAP
>    Request to the peer. The NAS MUST retransmit the EAP Request
>    to the peer until a Response packet with the same Identifier is
>    received or an optional retry counter expires. The NAS MUST NOT
>    send the received Response packet to the AAA server but it MUST
>    discard the Response packet. On receipt of the Response packet,
>    the NAS MAY manufacture an EAP-Success or an EAP-Failure (depending
>    on the Diameter message type) and send it to the peer.

This is contrary to IEEE 802.1X, which states that as soon as an Accept or 
Reject is received (whether it contains an EAP packet or not), a "canned" 
EAP Success or Failure should be sent to the peer.

Jacques.


_________________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 10:50:40 2001
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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com
Cc: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] EAP Support issues
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Jacques,

> This is contrary to IEEE 802.1X, which states that as soon as 
> an Accept or 
> Reject is received (whether it contains an EAP packet or 
> not), a "canned" 
> EAP Success or Failure should be sent to the peer.

That is true, and I don't think we should change this in 
Radius. But I belive we can require different (optimized) 
behaviour in Diameter.

Regards,
Henry


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 10:56:09 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 07:45:24 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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In-Reply-To: <DED1F2C6CE07FA498D7AD0CCAC03401B0CEF31@trebe003.NOE.Nokia.com>; from henry.haverinen@nokia.com on Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 05:50:30PM +0300
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On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 05:50:30PM +0300, henry.haverinen@nokia.com wrote:
> 
> Jacques,
> 
> > This is contrary to IEEE 802.1X, which states that as soon as 
> > an Accept or 
> > Reject is received (whether it contains an EAP packet or 
> > not), a "canned" 
> > EAP Success or Failure should be sent to the peer.
> 
> That is true, and I don't think we should change this in 
> Radius. But I belive we can require different (optimized) 
> behaviour in Diameter.

But wouldn't this cause problems if one wanted to use Diameter in 802.1x
nets? What about protocol translation?

Compatibility is very important.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 11:03:02 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 11:05:06 -0400
To: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>,
        "David Mitton" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
From: "David Mitton" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Support for multi-process
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu, "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
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At 6/18/01 04:25 AM -0400, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:

>See comments.
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: David Mitton 
> [<mailto:dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>mailto:dmitton@nortelnetworks.com]
> > Sent: Monday, June 11, 2001 10:14 PM
>
> > Only one process can be listening on a given port number at a
> > time.   When
> > the listening process accepts the connection (at least on Unix) a new
> > socket is created, and typically it is given a new unique
> > ephemeral port
> > number. The original port number is not needed, as the
> > connection has been
> > made.
> >
> > The listening process can spawn subprocesses or threads to
> > handle that
> > connection socket, but it still holds the listening well-known socket.
>
>It seems to be still unclear how could 2 servers can connect with each other,
>especially in the case of multi-process support.

I'm afraid I don't know what you are unclear on?

>I guess that
>it should be possible for 2 servers to establish several TCP connections
>using the same destination IP and port number, whenever the receiver can span
>the connections within its system properly.

This is done all the time with any multi-user server.  The classic example 
would be FTP or Web services.  There are well known ports that all 
connections are directed to, and the server manages the multiple 
connections within the process framework of that OS and network stack.

>I understand that it is not desired
>when the receiver does not support that functionality, but then it simply has
>to reject the extra connections, or configure the initiating servers 
>correctly.

Servers should be written to handle more than one connection, where each 
connection is from a different peer.

The only problem we are trying to address, is making sure that one set of 
peers has only one connection between them.


>The thing is that I would prefer to have interoperability with such a 
>feature,
>i.e. allowing servers to connect with each other with a number of permitted
>connections to the same IP and port number in order to allow such a possible
>configuration. We should also consider systems having a Load Balancer and 
>a VIP,
>in which case it is possible to load balance the connections to several
>servers within the cluster, having only one IP and port number. Then, it 
>is quite
>obvious that it would be nice to have several connections between 2 servers.

The IESG has said No.  This violates the methods of network congestion 
control.  Load balancing across different systems is not the same as 
multiple connections to the same system.


>In the actual draft, how should the initiating server be configured for 
>doing so?

lost me here...

>
>Was the idea of supporting several processes on the same machine intended
>for the same Host identity or not?

No.  Typically running separate processes on the same machine is done for 
the purpose of hosting _different_ identities.  An ISP or ASP may find it 
easier to build multiple infrastructures using the same code, but different 
configurations.

Or he may have a couple of specific proxy agents that address different 
types of requests.

>It seems that the only
>way it could work is by defining a different host identity for each of the
>server instance of the machine, am I right?

bingo!


> > If you need to run different server "instances" on the same
> > system, they
> > have to listen to connections with distinct socket numbers,
> > (that's how IP
> > knows where to deliver your packets) or you partion your
> > implementation
> > internally.
> >
> > So far, I thought the URI would include the ability to configure a
> > non-default target (listening) port number which would be
> > critical to doing
> > this.
> >
> > Dave.
>
>Martin

Dave.


------------------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                            ESN: 248-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks                 978-288-4570
Wireless Solutions, IP Mobility
Billerica, MA 01821               dmitton@nortelnetworks.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 13:16:09 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 19:15:38 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010618064553.N17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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 <4.3.2.7.2.20010617143437.00c7e4c0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
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 <20010615105839.V17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <20010615111502.W17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010617143437.00c7e4c0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
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At 15:45 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>         Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
>          listen for incoming connections on the same port on a given
>          protocol, the DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per
>          host.

The "unique per host" seems weirdish to me. I think you mean "unique for 
any process" (in the sense "no two processes can have the same identity", 
not in the sense "a process can have only one identity").

>          A Diameter node MAY advertise different identities on each
>          connection, via the CER and CEA's Origin-Host AVP, but the same
>          identity MUST be used throughout the duration of a connection.
>
>          When comparing AVPs of this format, it is necessary to add any
>          absent fields with the default values prior to the comparison.
>          For example, diameter-host.abc.com would be expanded to
>          aaa://diameter/diameter-host.abc.com:TBD;protocol=sctp.

Still think the identity must be the same accross all connections, not just 
contant on a single connection.

Let's step back a minute and examine exactly the needs for the 
DiamenterIdentity:

1. Provide loop checking
2. Provide duplicate connection detection
3. Provide designation of a Redirect-Host
4. Be used in Configuration files (peer tables and routing tables).
5. Not be "spoofable".

I think this resolves into the two cases I gave before:
a. a unique opaque identifier, constant for a given process accross all 
interfaces and peers (this works for 1 and 2, and also for 3 if there is a 
requirement that a redirector only send out DiameterIdentities received 
from the hosts it redirects to)
b. a general-purpose resolvable URI (for 4).

BTW, for the purposes of collision detection, you can look at RFC1771 (BGP) 
section 4.1, BGP Identifier, which deals with the same issue: it MUST be 
the same accross all interaces and peers.

a. and b. could actually be derived in two sections in the draft:
(i) a Diameter URI section, that is used to fully describe a Diameter peer 
(for configuration files...).
(ii) the DiameterIdentity AVP type, with uses the URI format since it 
provides uniqueness, with the added requirement of picking one single URI 
at startup, advertise it in CER/CEA messages, use it in Route-Record 
messages, and use only values received via CER/CEAs in redirects).

The only problem is 5 (the unspoofability). I think the only option here is 
some certification mechanism that can ensure that a host is who he pretends 
to be (at the application layer, as opposed to at the IP layer, which is 
provided by IPsec -- maybe TLS can help here, I'm not familiar with it 
enough to say). Something like a CA-signed DiameterIdentity may be needed.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 13:23:44 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010618161059.00d02100@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 07:15:38PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 07:15:38PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 15:45 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >         Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
> >          listen for incoming connections on the same port on a given
> >          protocol, the DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per
> >          host.
> 
> The "unique per host" seems weirdish to me. I think you mean "unique for 
> any process" (in the sense "no two processes can have the same identity", 
> not in the sense "a process can have only one identity").

unique per host means that no two processes, threads, or any other programming
technique, will allow two instances to advertise exactly the same thing. Unique
for any process means that two different processes could advertise the same
identity, and this would require that they somehow listen on the same port,
of the same transport, which is not possible.

> 
> >          A Diameter node MAY advertise different identities on each
> >          connection, via the CER and CEA's Origin-Host AVP, but the same
> >          identity MUST be used throughout the duration of a connection.
> >
> >          When comparing AVPs of this format, it is necessary to add any
> >          absent fields with the default values prior to the comparison.
> >          For example, diameter-host.abc.com would be expanded to
> >          aaa://diameter/diameter-host.abc.com:TBD;protocol=sctp.
> 
> Still think the identity must be the same accross all connections, not just 
> contant on a single connection.
> 
> Let's step back a minute and examine exactly the needs for the 
> DiamenterIdentity:
> 
> 1. Provide loop checking
> 2. Provide duplicate connection detection
> 3. Provide designation of a Redirect-Host
> 4. Be used in Configuration files (peer tables and routing tables).
> 5. Not be "spoofable".
> 
> I think this resolves into the two cases I gave before:
> a. a unique opaque identifier, constant for a given process accross all 
> interfaces and peers (this works for 1 and 2, and also for 3 if there is a 
> requirement that a redirector only send out DiameterIdentities received 
> from the hosts it redirects to)
> b. a general-purpose resolvable URI (for 4).
> 
> BTW, for the purposes of collision detection, you can look at RFC1771 (BGP) 
> section 4.1, BGP Identifier, which deals with the same issue: it MUST be 
> the same accross all interaces and peers.
> 
> a. and b. could actually be derived in two sections in the draft:
> (i) a Diameter URI section, that is used to fully describe a Diameter peer 
> (for configuration files...).
> (ii) the DiameterIdentity AVP type, with uses the URI format since it 
> provides uniqueness, with the added requirement of picking one single URI 
> at startup, advertise it in CER/CEA messages, use it in Route-Record 
> messages, and use only values received via CER/CEAs in redirects).

ok, but let's be clear that a single identity per process (across all 
interfaces) *will* not work in the NAT case that you provided earlier. In
these cases, a host would have different personalities based on whether
the connection was established on the internal vs. external network.

> 
> The only problem is 5 (the unspoofability). I think the only option here is 
> some certification mechanism that can ensure that a host is who he pretends 
> to be (at the application layer, as opposed to at the IP layer, which is 
> provided by IPsec -- maybe TLS can help here, I'm not familiar with it 
> enough to say). Something like a CA-signed DiameterIdentity may be needed.

TLS will help here.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 13:42:49 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 10:30:37 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 80: Editorial changes
Message-ID: <20010618103037.N17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

In an attempt to close this issue, I'd like to propose the following text:

- in Definition of End-to-end identifier, included definition for locally 
consumed incorrect. Reference appropriate section. 

The text now reads:

"   End-to-End Identifier
      Unlike the Hop-by-Hop Identifier, the End-to-End Identifier is
      used to detect duplicate messages, and relay agents MUST NOT
      modify this field. The sender of a request or answer message MUST
      insert a locally unique value in this field. The combination of
      the Origin-Host AVP and this field is used to detect duplicates.
      An Answer message which is received with a previously seen End-
      to-End Identifier, and is to be locally consumed (see Section 5.2)
      SHOULD be silently discarded.:

- 15.1.2 is not up to date (bit numbers) 

yes, I had caught this one earlier, and the following text solves this
one:

"15.1.2  AVP Flags

   There are 8 bits in the AVP Flags field of the AVP header, defined in
   section 4.0. This document assigns bit 8 ('V'endor Specific), bit 7
   ('M'andatory) and bit 6 ('P'rotected). The remaining bits should only
   be assigned via a Standards Action [12]."

- 15.4 does not include protocol errors 

yup, this one too

"15.4  Result-Code AVP Values

   As defined in Section 9.1, the Result-Code AVP (AVP Code 268) defines
   the values 1001, 2001-2002, 3001-3009, 4001-4003 and 5001-5015.

   All remaining values are available for assignment via IETF Consensus
   [12]."

- In 10.3, update Session-ID format with full Diameter-Identity 

right, so how about the following:

"10.3  Session-Id AVP

   [...]
   <diameterIdentity>;<high 32 bits>;<low 32 bits>[;<optional value>]


   [...]
   Example, in which the standard port is used and there is no optional
   value:

      aaa://diameter/accesspoint7.acme.com;1876543210;523
   or
      accesspoint7.acme.com;1876543210;523

   Example, in which a non-standard port is used and there is an
   optional value:

      accesspoint7.acme.com:831;1876543210;523;mobile@200.1.1.88"

- All AVPs share same scope/numbering space (even inside a Grouped-AVP) 
- M AVP within a non-M grouped AVP 

ok, how about:

"4.5  Grouped AVP Values

   [...]
   The AVP Code numbering space of all AVPs included in a Grouped AVP is
   the same as for non-grouped AVPs. Further, if any of the AVPs
   encapsulated within a Grouped AVP has the 'M' (mandatory) bit set,
   the Grouped AVP itself MUST also include the 'M' bit set.

- in 10.3 second paragraph, remove reference to multiple Session-IDs. 

ok.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 17:52:42 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 23:50:22 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010618101256.K17928@charizard.diameter.org>
References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010618161059.00d02100@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010615105839.V17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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 <4.3.2.7.2.20010617143437.00c7e4c0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010618062510.J17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010618154013.00c897a0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010618064553.N17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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At 19:12 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 07:15:38PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > At 15:45 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >         Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
> > >          listen for incoming connections on the same port on a given
> > >          protocol, the DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per
> > >          host.
> >
> > The "unique per host" seems weirdish to me. I think you mean "unique for
> > any process" (in the sense "no two processes can have the same identity",
> > not in the sense "a process can have only one identity").
>
>unique per host means that no two processes, threads, or any other programming
>technique, will allow two instances to advertise exactly the same thing. 
>Unique
>for any process means that two different processes could advertise the same
>identity, and this would require that they somehow listen on the same port,
>of the same transport, which is not possible.

Why just "unique per host" and not simply "unique"?

>ok, but let's be clear that a single identity per process (across all
>interfaces) *will* not work in the NAT case that you provided earlier. In
>these cases, a host would have different personalities based on whether
>the connection was established on the internal vs. external network.

It will work (really, consider it as a unique opaque identifier. It might 
be a random number, it would work the same) unless one wishes to check that 
the address provided matches back (a la reverse + forward DNS checking), 
which raises the issue below.

> > The only problem is 5 (the unspoofability). I think the only option 
> here is
> > some certification mechanism that can ensure that a host is who he 
> pretends
> > to be (at the application layer, as opposed to at the IP layer, which is
> > provided by IPsec -- maybe TLS can help here, I'm not familiar with it
> > enough to say). Something like a CA-signed DiameterIdentity may be needed.
>
>TLS will help here.

Looks like I have some more reading to stack up on my pile :-(

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 18 18:15:11 2001
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Date: Mon, 18 Jun 2001 15:04:29 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: New Drafts Available
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All,

The new set of drafts have been sent to the secretariat, and are also available
on www.diameter.org. All of the changes to the spec can be found on the
issues web site (www.diameter.org/issues.html), by looking under the closed
issues, and looking for the spec name and version number (e.g. Base 06).

The only change that was made that is not a result of an issue is a re-org of
section 10. Given some new functionality that has been added in section 10 over
the last few versions, the section became fragmented, and needed a renumbering. 
The text hasn't changed, but the ordering of the sections have.

Enjoy,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 02:31:32 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 80: Editorial changes
Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 08:33:18 +0200
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Hi,

Shouldn't the End-to-End Identifier be a monotonically increased number as
the hop-by-hop id, otherwise you'll have to keep a lot of IDs stored for
every Origin-Host.

"   End-to-End Identifier
      Unlike the Hop-by-Hop Identifier, the End-to-End Identifier is
      used to detect duplicate messages, and relay agents MUST NOT
      modify this field. The sender of a request or answer message MUST
      insert a locally unique value in this field. The combination of
      the Origin-Host AVP and this field is used to detect duplicates.
      An Answer message which is received with a previously seen End-
      to-End Identifier, and is to be locally consumed (see Section 5.2)
      SHOULD be silently discarded. The End-to-End identifier is a
	monotonically increasing number, whose start value was randomly
	generated."

/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
>Pat Calhoun
>Sent: den 18 juni 2001 19:31
>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 80: Editorial changes
>
>
>All,
>
>In an attempt to close this issue, I'd like to propose the following text:
>
>- in Definition of End-to-end identifier, included definition for locally
>consumed incorrect. Reference appropriate section.
>
>The text now reads:
>
>"   End-to-End Identifier
>      Unlike the Hop-by-Hop Identifier, the End-to-End Identifier is
>      used to detect duplicate messages, and relay agents MUST NOT
>      modify this field. The sender of a request or answer message MUST
>      insert a locally unique value in this field. The combination of
>      the Origin-Host AVP and this field is used to detect duplicates.
>      An Answer message which is received with a previously seen End-
>      to-End Identifier, and is to be locally consumed (see Section 5.2)
>      SHOULD be silently discarded.:
>
>- 15.1.2 is not up to date (bit numbers)
>
>yes, I had caught this one earlier, and the following text solves this
>one:
>
>"15.1.2  AVP Flags
>
>   There are 8 bits in the AVP Flags field of the AVP header, defined in
>   section 4.0. This document assigns bit 8 ('V'endor Specific), bit 7
>   ('M'andatory) and bit 6 ('P'rotected). The remaining bits should only
>   be assigned via a Standards Action [12]."
>
>- 15.4 does not include protocol errors
>
>yup, this one too
>
>"15.4  Result-Code AVP Values
>
>   As defined in Section 9.1, the Result-Code AVP (AVP Code 268) defines
>   the values 1001, 2001-2002, 3001-3009, 4001-4003 and 5001-5015.
>
>   All remaining values are available for assignment via IETF Consensus
>   [12]."
>
>- In 10.3, update Session-ID format with full Diameter-Identity
>
>right, so how about the following:
>
>"10.3  Session-Id AVP
>
>   [...]
>   <diameterIdentity>;<high 32 bits>;<low 32 bits>[;<optional value>]
>
>
>   [...]
>   Example, in which the standard port is used and there is no optional
>   value:
>
>      aaa://diameter/accesspoint7.acme.com;1876543210;523
>   or
>      accesspoint7.acme.com;1876543210;523
>
>   Example, in which a non-standard port is used and there is an
>   optional value:
>
>      accesspoint7.acme.com:831;1876543210;523;mobile@200.1.1.88"
>
>- All AVPs share same scope/numbering space (even inside a Grouped-AVP)
>- M AVP within a non-M grouped AVP
>
>ok, how about:
>
>"4.5  Grouped AVP Values
>
>   [...]
>   The AVP Code numbering space of all AVPs included in a Grouped AVP is
>   the same as for non-grouped AVPs. Further, if any of the AVPs
>   encapsulated within a Grouped AVP has the 'M' (mandatory) bit set,
>   the Grouped AVP itself MUST also include the 'M' bit set.
>
>- in 10.3 second paragraph, remove reference to multiple Session-IDs.
>
>ok.
>
>Thanks,
>
>PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 08:52:01 2001
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To: Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 08:33:18AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Shouldn't the End-to-End Identifier be a monotonically increased number as
> the hop-by-hop id, otherwise you'll have to keep a lot of IDs stored for
> every Origin-Host.
> 
> "   End-to-End Identifier
>       Unlike the Hop-by-Hop Identifier, the End-to-End Identifier is
>       used to detect duplicate messages, and relay agents MUST NOT
>       modify this field. The sender of a request or answer message MUST
>       insert a locally unique value in this field. The combination of
>       the Origin-Host AVP and this field is used to detect duplicates.
>       An Answer message which is received with a previously seen End-
>       to-End Identifier, and is to be locally consumed (see Section 5.2)
>       SHOULD be silently discarded. The End-to-End identifier is a
> 	monotonically increasing number, whose start value was randomly
> 	generated."

We could, but you cannot assume that packets will arrive in order, so your
table of e2e ids will have holes in it. Perhaps short-term holes are better
than long term ones, though.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 08:59:13 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 14:59:05 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 80: Editorial changes
Cc: Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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We could use wording and code similar to that found in RFC2401 (IPsec)... 
Or we can just give a "lifetime" to End-to-End identifiers. I think the 
latter is probably better than the former, since in high traffic scenarios 
we could have a duplicate coming back loooong after (in terms of numbers of 
requests).

Jacques.

At 14:41 19/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 08:33:18AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > Shouldn't the End-to-End Identifier be a monotonically increased number as
> > the hop-by-hop id, otherwise you'll have to keep a lot of IDs stored for
> > every Origin-Host.
> >
> > "   End-to-End Identifier
> >       Unlike the Hop-by-Hop Identifier, the End-to-End Identifier is
> >       used to detect duplicate messages, and relay agents MUST NOT
> >       modify this field. The sender of a request or answer message MUST
> >       insert a locally unique value in this field. The combination of
> >       the Origin-Host AVP and this field is used to detect duplicates.
> >       An Answer message which is received with a previously seen End-
> >       to-End Identifier, and is to be locally consumed (see Section 5.2)
> >       SHOULD be silently discarded. The End-to-End identifier is a
> >       monotonically increasing number, whose start value was randomly
> >       generated."
>
>We could, but you cannot assume that packets will arrive in order, so your
>table of e2e ids will have holes in it. Perhaps short-term holes are better
>than long term ones, though.
>
>PatC


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 09:51:54 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
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On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 02:59:05PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> We could use wording and code similar to that found in RFC2401 (IPsec)... 
> Or we can just give a "lifetime" to End-to-End identifiers. I think the 
> latter is probably better than the former, since in high traffic scenarios 
> we could have a duplicate coming back loooong after (in terms of numbers of 
> requests).

and how would you assign a lifetime? On a very high density NAS, there will be
many requests sent. So I see three alternatives:
1. As you state, something similar to RFC 2402, where a sliding window is used
   (see section 3.4.3 of RFC 2402 for more details). This is probably my preferred
   approach. We would have to state the window size, of course, and in my opinion
   a window of 128 is safer.
2. Not specify a method, and leave it to implementation (a few will like this too)
3. Specify that the list of identifiers must be maintained (what it is now), 
   define how it is done, but allow for local optimizations.

Again, my preference is #1 above.

PatC
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> At 14:41 19/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 08:33:18AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> > > Hi,
> > >
> > > Shouldn't the End-to-End Identifier be a monotonically increased number as
> > > the hop-by-hop id, otherwise you'll have to keep a lot of IDs stored for
> > > every Origin-Host.
> > >
> > > "   End-to-End Identifier
> > >       Unlike the Hop-by-Hop Identifier, the End-to-End Identifier is
> > >       used to detect duplicate messages, and relay agents MUST NOT
> > >       modify this field. The sender of a request or answer message MUST
> > >       insert a locally unique value in this field. The combination of
> > >       the Origin-Host AVP and this field is used to detect duplicates.
> > >       An Answer message which is received with a previously seen End-
> > >       to-End Identifier, and is to be locally consumed (see Section 5.2)
> > >       SHOULD be silently discarded. The End-to-End identifier is a
> > >       monotonically increasing number, whose start value was randomly
> > >       generated."
> >
> >We could, but you cannot assume that packets will arrive in order, so your
> >table of e2e ids will have holes in it. Perhaps short-term holes are better
> >than long term ones, though.
> >
> >PatC
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 10:08:25 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
Message-ID: <20010619065738.N17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Can I close this issue with the text that I proposed earlier? Here is the text
again for your convenience:

   The CMS Diameter security application [11] contains two features:
      1. A set of messages that allows a Diameter node to establish a
         security association, which is used to secure AVPs within a
         Diameter message, even though the message may traverse
         intermediate Diameter agents. A set of AVPs are also defined to
         sign and encrypt AVPs, as well as to transport certificates.
         This feature MUST be supported by Diameter server and proxy
         agents, SHOULD be supported by Diameter clients, and MAY be
         supported by relay and redirector agents.
      2. A set of messages, known as PDSR and PDSA, allows a Diameter
         client to request that an agent establish a Diameter security
         association with a server in a specific realm. This feature
         MUST be supported by Diameter clients and Proxy agents, and MAY
         be supported by Diameter servers, relay and redirector agents.
PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 10:11:15 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010618234632.00bfbd80@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 11:50:22PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 11:50:22PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 19:12 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 07:15:38PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > At 15:45 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > > >         Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
> > > >          listen for incoming connections on the same port on a given
> > > >          protocol, the DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per
> > > >          host.
> > >
> > > The "unique per host" seems weirdish to me. I think you mean "unique for
> > > any process" (in the sense "no two processes can have the same identity",
> > > not in the sense "a process can have only one identity").
> >
> >unique per host means that no two processes, threads, or any other programming
> >technique, will allow two instances to advertise exactly the same thing. 
> >Unique
> >for any process means that two different processes could advertise the same
> >identity, and this would require that they somehow listen on the same port,
> >of the same transport, which is not possible.
> 
> Why just "unique per host" and not simply "unique"?

Does anyone else favor Jacques proposed of changing "unique per host" to "unique"?

> 
> >ok, but let's be clear that a single identity per process (across all
> >interfaces) *will* not work in the NAT case that you provided earlier. In
> >these cases, a host would have different personalities based on whether
> >the connection was established on the internal vs. external network.
> 
> It will work (really, consider it as a unique opaque identifier. It might 
> be a random number, it would work the same) unless one wishes to check that 
> the address provided matches back (a la reverse + forward DNS checking), 
> which raises the issue below.

sure, it could be random, but a port number is guaranteed to be unique, so 
why bother with a perhaps conflicting random number???

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 10:18:46 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 79: Error handling editorial changes
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All,

I tried to address some of these in -06, but was unable to in some cases. Here are
my comments on this issue:


> - In 9.0, in the result-code AVPs that require Failed-AVPs, need a 
> clarification whether this is done only by the home server, or by any 
> proxy/relay on the way 

done

> - In 9.0, what about errors regarding invalid length (packet or AVP)? 
> Especially for AVPs, since it will be difficult to include a correctly 
> formatted AVP if length is wrong anyway? 

done

> - In 5.3.2/9.1, DIAMETER_REDIRECT_INDICATION is not defined. 

done

> - clarify the difference between UNABLE_TO_DELIVER and NOT_SERVED? i.e. in 
> which case is which sent? -- "I know the domain, but cannot reach any 
> servers" vs "I don't know the domain". 

done

> - any specific messages for DNS errors (transient such as timeouts, or 
> permanent such as NXDOMAIN)? -- I'd prefer we not have any, buy if you feel 
> it is necessary, please propose some text. 

don't think it is necessary, so let's agree to drop it.

> - the difference between AUTHORIZATION_REJECTED and AUTHORIZATION_FAILED 
> is, er, unclear. 

done. AUTHORIZATION_FAILED was renamed to:

      DIAMETER_RESOURCES_EXCEEDED        5007
         A request was received that cannot be authorized because the
         user has already expended allowed resources. An example of this
         error condition is a user that is restricted to one dial-up PPP
         port, attempts to establish a second PPP connection.

> - NO_COMMON_APPLICATION and UNSUPPORTED_VERSION would be better off in 
> Protocol errors? -- except that protocol errors MUST only be used in MRA... 
> see the problem :) 

hmmmm..... well we have three options:
1. leave it as-is. 
2. Move it to protocol errors, and a CER that fails would cause an MRA
3. Eliminate MRA, and just use error classes (as I've mentioned numerous
   times, this is my preferred approach!)

> - protocol errors should be usable in any non-'P' messages 

this fails my parser check.... please try again :)

> - missing errors for message or AVP length errors 

done.

> - missing errors for unknown not-proxiable commands? 

how is this any different from DIAMETER_COMMAND_UNSUPPORTED?

> - missing errors for incorrectly set proxiable/not-proxiable flag? 

ok, I suppose this could be added in -07

> - missing errors for unknown application 

hmmm..... this used to exist :( it will be added in -07

> - classification of transient/permanent/protocol errors to review 

no comprendo, as a wise man once said :)

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 10:20:38 2001
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Sounds reasonable to me. (One minor note perhaps
is that I posted last week a proposal that we
could perhaps make the PDSR-PDSA apply for all
traffic rather than a single domain, releaving
the NASes on an additional roundtrip for new domains.
Perhaps this could be adopted at the same time, or
we could treat it as a separate issue. In any case,
it doesn't have fundamental implications so which
ever way we decide is fine for me.)

Jari
-- 
Jari Arkko, Oy L M Ericsson Ab, 02420 Jorvas, Finland. Tel +358 9 2992480
Fax +358 9 2993052. GSM +358 40 5079256. E-Mail: Jari.Arkko@ericsson.com
NEW, UPDATED PRIVATE WWW http://www.arkko.com. Standard disclaimers apply.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 10:22:00 2001
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To: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 59: e2e mandatory status
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On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 05:20:52PM +0300, Jari Arkko wrote:
> Sounds reasonable to me. (One minor note perhaps
> is that I posted last week a proposal that we
> could perhaps make the PDSR-PDSA apply for all
> traffic rather than a single domain, releaving
> the NASes on an additional roundtrip for new domains.
> Perhaps this could be adopted at the same time, or
> we could treat it as a separate issue. In any case,
> it doesn't have fundamental implications so which
> ever way we decide is fine for me.)

right but that issue is covered by 85, but 59.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 10:22:02 2001
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On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 07:00:27AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 11:50:22PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > At 19:12 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >On Mon, Jun 18, 2001 at 07:15:38PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > > At 15:45 18/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > > > >         Since multiple Diameter processes on a single host cannot
> > > > >          listen for incoming connections on the same port on a given
> > > > >          protocol, the DiameterIdentity is guaranteed to be unique per> > > > >          host.
> > > >
> > > > The "unique per host" seems weirdish to me. I think you mean "unique for> > > > any process" (in the sense "no two processes can have the same identity",
> > > > not in the sense "a process can have only one identity").
> > >
> > >unique per host means that no two processes, threads, or any other programming
> > >technique, will allow two instances to advertise exactly the same thing. 
> > >Unique
> > >for any process means that two different processes could advertise the same> > >identity, and this would require that they somehow listen on the same port,> > >of the same transport, which is not possible.
> > 
> > Why just "unique per host" and not simply "unique"?
> 
> Does anyone else favor Jacques proposed of changing "unique per host" to "unique"?

I'm against the change.  "unique" implies that it is unique everywhere, which
is impossible to implement.


-Dave


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 10:29:16 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 07:18:29 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 81: Route-Record change
Message-ID: <20010619071829.T17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

This issue requests a change on how the Route-Record is used. Specifically, it
is added by the receiver, instead of the sender. I see now reason to make this
change, but am willing to be convinced otherwise, if people believe this is a
reasonable request.

Otherwise, I'd like to just shut it down.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 10:55:51 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 16:54:16 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010619070027.O17928@charizard.diameter.org>
References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010618234632.00bfbd80@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010615182907.00bf49b0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010615105839.V17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <20010615111502.W17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010617143437.00c7e4c0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010618062510.J17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010618154013.00c897a0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010618064553.N17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010618161059.00d02100@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010618101256.K17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010618234632.00bfbd80@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
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At 16:00 19/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >ok, but let's be clear that a single identity per process (across all
> > >interfaces) *will* not work in the NAT case that you provided earlier. In
> > >these cases, a host would have different personalities based on whether
> > >the connection was established on the internal vs. external network.
> >
> > It will work (really, consider it as a unique opaque identifier. It might
> > be a random number, it would work the same) unless one wishes to check 
> that
> > the address provided matches back (a la reverse + forward DNS checking),
> > which raises the issue below.
>
>sure, it could be random, but a port number is guaranteed to be unique, so
>why bother with a perhaps conflicting random number???

I didn't say we should use a random number. I was just pointing out the 
nature of the identifier: unique and opaque. Its uniqueness is derived from 
its syntax, but the syntax has no particular meaning otherwise in this 
context, so it is completely irrelevant whether the remote host 
"understands it". It would only be a problem if there was some way to 
actually check it, but since this will be done using crypto rather than IP 
addressing/routing, it's not an issue.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 11:01:09 2001
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To: David Frascone <dave@frascone.com>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor)
  matching & values
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010619092116.A32094@newman.frascone.com>
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 <20010615111502.W17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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 <20010618064553.N17928@charizard.diameter.org>
 <4.3.2.7.2.20010618161059.00d02100@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
 <20010618101256.K17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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At 16:21 19/06/01, David Frascone wrote:
>I'm against the change.  "unique" implies that it is unique everywhere, which
>is impossible to implement.

It is unique if we assume the FQDN is unique for any given host. Indeed it 
might not be, but that's the original intent, otherwise the whole thing 
just doesn't work. The diameteridentity, as used in CER/CEA and 
Route-Record MUST be globally unique.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 11:08:18 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010619164942.00c0a630@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 04:54:16PM +0200
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On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 04:54:16PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 16:00 19/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >sure, it could be random, but a port number is guaranteed to be unique, so
> >why bother with a perhaps conflicting random number???
> 
> I didn't say we should use a random number. I was just pointing out the 
> nature of the identifier: unique and opaque. Its uniqueness is derived from 
> its syntax, but the syntax has no particular meaning otherwise in this 
> context, so it is completely irrelevant whether the remote host 
> "understands it". It would only be a problem if there was some way to 
> actually check it, but since this will be done using crypto rather than IP 
> addressing/routing, it's not an issue.

So I can close this one, right?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 11:08:22 2001
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Cc: David Frascone <dave@frascone.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 78: DiameterIdentity (host descriptor) matching & values
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References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010617143437.00c7e4c0@pop.mail.yahoo.com> <20010618062510.J17928@charizard.diameter.org> <4.3.2.7.2.20010618154013.00c897a0@pop.mail.yahoo.com> <20010618064553.N17928@charizard.diameter.org> <4.3.2.7.2.20010618161059.00d02100@pop.mail.yahoo.com> <20010618101256.K17928@charizard.diameter.org> <4.3.2.7.2.20010618234632.00bfbd80@pop.mail.yahoo.com> <20010619070027.O17928@charizard.diameter.org> <20010619092116.A32094@newman.frascone.com> <4.3.2.7.2.20010619165708.00cbc7c0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010619165708.00cbc7c0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 04:58:29PM +0200
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On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 04:58:29PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 16:21 19/06/01, David Frascone wrote:
> >I'm against the change.  "unique" implies that it is unique everywhere, which
> >is impossible to implement.
> 
> It is unique if we assume the FQDN is unique for any given host. Indeed it 
> might not be, but that's the original intent, otherwise the whole thing 
> just doesn't work. The diameteridentity, as used in CER/CEA and 
> Route-Record MUST be globally unique.

true an FQDN is unique, but some clustering or fault-torelant systems
may employ clever schemes to make a multiple boxes look like a single one.
So, unique (or even unique per host) is relative.

:(

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 11:11:54 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 08:01:03 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
Message-ID: <20010619080103.Y17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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Here's a few questions on this particular issue:

> - If multiple hosts listed for a given realm (redirect, relay, proxy), use 
> the same one for a given Session (either need to maintain Session state or 
> to use some hash function based on Session-ID) unless error occurs (and 
> then keep that one that works). 

The transport draft already describes how primary/alternates are chosen. I
don't think that the base protocol needs to discuss this as well.

> - Clarify if connections to peers are supposed to be opened at startup, or 
> when needed only. 

Again, this is handled in the transport draft.

> - Clarify relationship of server discovery (SLP, DNS A, DNS SRV...) with 
> peer table and/or routing table. 

ok, this *could* be done, but seems really implementation specific. How one
adds a peer entry doesn't seem like it belongs, but let me look at the spec
and see what I can do.

> - move peer and routing table description earlier in the doc (somewhere in 
> 2.5 or 2.6). 

I think that describing the routing and peer tables before we've even
discussed routing packets seems illogical to me :(

> - Clarify whether "on-demand" connections (e.g. Redirect-Host with 
> certificate) should timeout. 

This is already in -06, right?

> - refuse connection to oneself 

another one that begs the question as to whether it isn't obvious enough.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 11:19:57 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 08:09:10 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 85: Cms-sec optimization for pdsr-case
Message-ID: <20010619080910.Z17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

I would like to propose the following text to resolve this issue:

1.2  Establishing Security Relationship through proxy agents

[...]
   An optimized approach also allows the PDSR to be sent by the access
   device without the DSAR-Target-Domain AVP. This message is used to
   inform the proxy that it MUST establish a Diameter security
   association for all realms it will be communicating with on behalf of
   the access device.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 11:38:44 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 17:36:36 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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You may want to replace NAS by access device?

Jacques.


At 17:22 19/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>Below is the proposed text, but I still haven't received any input on
>whether this was an acceptable change.
>
>Thanks,
>
>PatC
>----
>4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats
>
>[...]
>       FilterRule
>          The Filter-Rule format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
>          Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>          requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
>          on the following information that is associated with it:
>
>             Direction                          (in or out)
>             Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
>             Protocol
>             Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
>             TCP flags
>             IP fragment flag
>             IP options
>             ICMP types
>
>          Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
>          with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
>          packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
>          dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
>          the last rule was a deny.
>
>          The filters in the Filter-Rule AVP MUST follow the format:
>
>             action dir proto from src to dst [options]
>
>             action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
>                          deny - Drop packets that match the rule.
>
>             dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
>                          terminal.
>
>             proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
>                          keyword means any protocol will match.
>
>             src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
>
>                          The <address/mask> may be specified as:
>                          ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
>                                     quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
>                                     this exact IP number will match the
>                                     rule.
>                          ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
>                                     width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
>                                     this case all IP numbers from
>                                     1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
>                                     The bit width MUST be valid for the
>                                     IP version and the IP number MUST
>                                     NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
>
>                          The sense of the match can be inverted by
>                          preceding an address with the not modifier,
>                          causing all other addresses to be matched
>                          instead.  This does not affect the selection of
>                          port numbers.
>
>                             The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
>                             equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
>                             address or set of addresses assigned to the
>                             terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
>                             ip !assigned".
>
>                          With the TCP and UDP protocols, optional ports
>                          may be specified as:
>
>                             {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
>
>                          The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
>                          (including boundaries).
>
>                          Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
>                          (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
>                          a rule which has one or more port
>                          specifications.  See the frag option for
>                          details on matching fragmented packets.
>
>             options:
>                frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
>                        the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
>                        be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
>                        TCP/UDP port specifications.
>
>                ipoptions spec
>                        Match if the IP header contains the comma
>                        separated list of options specified in spec. The
>                        supported IP options are:
>
>                        ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
>                        route), rr (record packet route) and ts
>                        (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
>                        may be denoted with a `!'.
>
>                tcpoptions spec
>                        Match if the TCP header contains the comma
>                        separated list of options specified in spec. The
>                        supported TCP options are:
>
>                        mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
>                        advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
>                        timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
>                        count).  The absence of a particular option may
>                        be denoted with a `!'.
>
>                established
>                        TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
>                        or ACK bits set.
>
>                setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
>                        bit set but no ACK bit.
>
>                tcpflags spec
>                        TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
>                        contains the comma separated list of flags
>                        specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:
>
>                        fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
>                        particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
>                        which contains a tcpflags specification can never
>                        match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
>                        offset.  See the frag option for details on
>                        matching fragmented packets.
>
>                icmptypes types
>                        ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
>                        the list types. The list may be specified as any
>                        combination of ranges or individual types
>                        separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
>                        are:
>
>                        echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
>                        source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
>                        (8), router advertisement (9), router
>                        solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
>                        header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
>                        timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
>                        information reply (16), address mask request (17)
>                        and address mask reply (18).
>
>          There is one kind of packet that the NAS MUST always discard,
>          that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.  This is
>          a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to circumvent
>          firewalls.
>
>             A NAS that is unable to interpret or apply a deny rule MUST
>             terminate the session.  A NAS that is unable to interpret or
>             apply a permit rule MAY apply a more restrictive rule.  A
>             NAS MAY apply deny rules of its own before the supplied
>             rules, for example to protect the NAS owner's
>             infrastructure.
>
>          The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
>          and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
>          implementations.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 11:44:53 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 08:22:48 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Message-ID: <20010619082248.B17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Below is the proposed text, but I still haven't received any input on
whether this was an acceptable change.

Thanks,

PatC
----
4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats

[...]
      FilterRule
         The Filter-Rule format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
         Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
         on the following information that is associated with it:

            Direction                          (in or out)
            Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
            Protocol
            Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
            TCP flags
            IP fragment flag
            IP options
            ICMP types

         Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
         with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
         packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
         dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
         the last rule was a deny.

         The filters in the Filter-Rule AVP MUST follow the format:

            action dir proto from src to dst [options]

            action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
                         deny - Drop packets that match the rule.

            dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
                         terminal.

            proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
                         keyword means any protocol will match.

            src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]

                         The <address/mask> may be specified as:
                         ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
                                    quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
                                    this exact IP number will match the
                                    rule.
                         ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
                                    width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
                                    this case all IP numbers from
                                    1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
                                    The bit width MUST be valid for the
                                    IP version and the IP number MUST
                                    NOT have bits set beyond the mask.

                         The sense of the match can be inverted by
                         preceding an address with the not modifier,
                         causing all other addresses to be matched
                         instead.  This does not affect the selection of
                         port numbers.

                            The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
                            equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
                            address or set of addresses assigned to the
                            terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
                            ip !assigned".

                         With the TCP and UDP protocols, optional ports
                         may be specified as:

                            {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]

                         The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
                         (including boundaries).

                         Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
                         (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
                         a rule which has one or more port
                         specifications.  See the frag option for
                         details on matching fragmented packets.

            options:
               frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
                       the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
                       be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
                       TCP/UDP port specifications.

               ipoptions spec
                       Match if the IP header contains the comma
                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
                       supported IP options are:

                       ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
                       route), rr (record packet route) and ts
                       (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
                       may be denoted with a `!'.

               tcpoptions spec
                       Match if the TCP header contains the comma
                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
                       supported TCP options are:

                       mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
                       advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
                       timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
                       count).  The absence of a particular option may
                       be denoted with a `!'.

               established
                       TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
                       or ACK bits set.

               setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
                       bit set but no ACK bit.

               tcpflags spec
                       TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
                       contains the comma separated list of flags
                       specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:

                       fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
                       particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
                       which contains a tcpflags specification can never
                       match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
                       offset.  See the frag option for details on
                       matching fragmented packets.

               icmptypes types
                       ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
                       the list types. The list may be specified as any
                       combination of ranges or individual types
                       separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
                       are:

                       echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
                       source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
                       (8), router advertisement (9), router
                       solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
                       header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
                       timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
                       information reply (16), address mask request (17)
                       and address mask reply (18).

         There is one kind of packet that the NAS MUST always discard,
         that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.  This is
         a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to circumvent
         firewalls.

            A NAS that is unable to interpret or apply a deny rule MUST
            terminate the session.  A NAS that is unable to interpret or
            apply a permit rule MAY apply a more restrictive rule.  A
            NAS MAY apply deny rules of its own before the supplied
            rules, for example to protect the NAS owner's
            infrastructure.

         The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
         and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
         implementations.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 12:05:03 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 12:03:02 -0400
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: John Schnizlein <jschnizl@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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How much trouble would it be to include DiffServ Codepoints (DSCPs)?
As long as this is going in the base, we might make it more general.
John

Additions to your specification included below:

At 11:22 AM 6/19/2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>Below is the proposed text, but I still haven't received 
>any input on whether this was an acceptable change.
>
>----
>4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats
>
>[...]
>      FilterRule
>         The Filter-Rule format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
>         Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>         requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
>         on the following information that is associated with it:
>
>            Direction                          (in or out)
>            Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
>            Protocol
>            Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
>            TCP flags
>            IP fragment flag
>            IP options

             DSCP values                        (no mask or range)

>            ICMP types
>
>         Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
>         with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
>         packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
>         dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
>         the last rule was a deny.
>
>         The filters in the Filter-Rule AVP MUST follow the format:
>
>            action dir proto from src to dst [options]
>
>            action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
>                         deny - Drop packets that match the rule.

                          color DSCP
                          meter rate color_under color_over


>            dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
>                         terminal.
>
>            proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
>                         keyword means any protocol will match.
>
>            src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
>
>                         The <address/mask> may be specified as:
>                         ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
>                                    quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
>                                    this exact IP number will match the
>                                    rule.
>                         ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
>                                    width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
>                                    this case all IP numbers from
>                                    1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
>                                    The bit width MUST be valid for the
>                                    IP version and the IP number MUST
>                                    NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
>
>                         The sense of the match can be inverted by
>                         preceding an address with the not modifier,
>                         causing all other addresses to be matched
>                         instead.  This does not affect the selection of
>                         port numbers.
>
>                            The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
>                            equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
>                            address or set of addresses assigned to the
>                            terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
>                            ip !assigned".
>
>                         With the TCP and UDP protocols, optional ports
>                         may be specified as:
>
>                            {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
>
>                         The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
>                         (including boundaries).
>
>                         Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
>                         (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
>                         a rule which has one or more port
>                         specifications.  See the frag option for
>                         details on matching fragmented packets.
>
>            options:
>               frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
>                       the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
>                       be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
>                       TCP/UDP port specifications.
>
>               ipoptions spec
>                       Match if the IP header contains the comma
>                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
>                       supported IP options are:
>
>                       ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
>                       route), rr (record packet route) and ts
>                       (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
>                       may be denoted with a `!'.
>
>               tcpoptions spec
>                       Match if the TCP header contains the comma
>                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
>                       supported TCP options are:
>
>                       mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
>                       advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
>                       timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
>                       count).  The absence of a particular option may
>                       be denoted with a `!'.
>
>               established
>                       TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
>                       or ACK bits set.
>
>               setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
>                       bit set but no ACK bit.
>
>               tcpflags spec
>                       TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
>                       contains the comma separated list of flags
>                       specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:
>
>                       fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
>                       particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
>                       which contains a tcpflags specification can never
>                       match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
>                       offset.  See the frag option for details on
>                       matching fragmented packets.

                DSCP values as defined in RFC 2474. Exact matching of 
                        DSCP values is required (no masks or ranges).
                        the "deny" can replace the color_under or 
                        color_over values in the meter action for
                        rate-dependent packet drop.
                        
>               icmptypes types
>                       ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
>                       the list types. The list may be specified as any
>                       combination of ranges or individual types
>                       separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
>                       are:
>
>                       echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
>                       source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
>                       (8), router advertisement (9), router
>                       solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
>                       header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
>                       timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
>                       information reply (16), address mask request (17)
>                       and address mask reply (18).
>
>         There is one kind of packet that the NAS MUST always discard,
>         that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.  This is
>         a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to circumvent
>         firewalls.
>
>            A NAS that is unable to interpret or apply a deny rule MUST
>            terminate the session.  A NAS that is unable to interpret or
>            apply a permit rule MAY apply a more restrictive rule.  A
>            NAS MAY apply deny rules of its own before the supplied
>            rules, for example to protect the NAS owner's
>            infrastructure.
>
>         The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
>         and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
>         implementations.



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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 09:26:25 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: John Schnizlein <jschnizl@cisco.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010619114451.00b99ef0@diablo.cisco.com>; from jschnizl@cisco.com on Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 12:03:02PM -0400
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I'm certainly not opposed to the change. The only caviat is the
statement at the end regarding ipfw.c, and the change you've
requested is probably not supported in that file.

Anyone object to the change? Should I clearly state that DSCP is not
handled by ipfw?

patC
On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 12:03:02PM -0400, John Schnizlein wrote:
> How much trouble would it be to include DiffServ Codepoints (DSCPs)?
> As long as this is going in the base, we might make it more general.
> John
> 
> Additions to your specification included below:
> 
> At 11:22 AM 6/19/2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >Below is the proposed text, but I still haven't received 
> >any input on whether this was an acceptable change.
> >
> >----
> >4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats
> >
> >[...]
> >      FilterRule
> >         The Filter-Rule format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
> >         Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
> >         requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
> >         on the following information that is associated with it:
> >
> >            Direction                          (in or out)
> >            Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
> >            Protocol
> >            Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
> >            TCP flags
> >            IP fragment flag
> >            IP options
> 
>              DSCP values                        (no mask or range)
> 
> >            ICMP types
> >
> >         Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
> >         with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
> >         packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
> >         dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
> >         the last rule was a deny.
> >
> >         The filters in the Filter-Rule AVP MUST follow the format:
> >
> >            action dir proto from src to dst [options]
> >
> >            action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
> >                         deny - Drop packets that match the rule.
> 
>                           color DSCP
>                           meter rate color_under color_over
> 
> 
> >            dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
> >                         terminal.
> >
> >            proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
> >                         keyword means any protocol will match.
> >
> >            src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
> >
> >                         The <address/mask> may be specified as:
> >                         ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
> >                                    quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
> >                                    this exact IP number will match the
> >                                    rule.
> >                         ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
> >                                    width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
> >                                    this case all IP numbers from
> >                                    1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
> >                                    The bit width MUST be valid for the
> >                                    IP version and the IP number MUST
> >                                    NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
> >
> >                         The sense of the match can be inverted by
> >                         preceding an address with the not modifier,
> >                         causing all other addresses to be matched
> >                         instead.  This does not affect the selection of
> >                         port numbers.
> >
> >                            The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
> >                            equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
> >                            address or set of addresses assigned to the
> >                            terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
> >                            ip !assigned".
> >
> >                         With the TCP and UDP protocols, optional ports
> >                         may be specified as:
> >
> >                            {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
> >
> >                         The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
> >                         (including boundaries).
> >
> >                         Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
> >                         (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
> >                         a rule which has one or more port
> >                         specifications.  See the frag option for
> >                         details on matching fragmented packets.
> >
> >            options:
> >               frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
> >                       the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
> >                       be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
> >                       TCP/UDP port specifications.
> >
> >               ipoptions spec
> >                       Match if the IP header contains the comma
> >                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
> >                       supported IP options are:
> >
> >                       ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
> >                       route), rr (record packet route) and ts
> >                       (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
> >                       may be denoted with a `!'.
> >
> >               tcpoptions spec
> >                       Match if the TCP header contains the comma
> >                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
> >                       supported TCP options are:
> >
> >                       mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
> >                       advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
> >                       timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
> >                       count).  The absence of a particular option may
> >                       be denoted with a `!'.
> >
> >               established
> >                       TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
> >                       or ACK bits set.
> >
> >               setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
> >                       bit set but no ACK bit.
> >
> >               tcpflags spec
> >                       TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
> >                       contains the comma separated list of flags
> >                       specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:
> >
> >                       fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
> >                       particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
> >                       which contains a tcpflags specification can never
> >                       match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
> >                       offset.  See the frag option for details on
> >                       matching fragmented packets.
> 
>                 DSCP values as defined in RFC 2474. Exact matching of 
>                         DSCP values is required (no masks or ranges).
>                         the "deny" can replace the color_under or 
>                         color_over values in the meter action for
>                         rate-dependent packet drop.
>                         
> >               icmptypes types
> >                       ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
> >                       the list types. The list may be specified as any
> >                       combination of ranges or individual types
> >                       separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
> >                       are:
> >
> >                       echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
> >                       source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
> >                       (8), router advertisement (9), router
> >                       solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
> >                       header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
> >                       timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
> >                       information reply (16), address mask request (17)
> >                       and address mask reply (18).
> >
> >         There is one kind of packet that the NAS MUST always discard,
> >         that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.  This is
> >         a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to circumvent
> >         firewalls.
> >
> >            A NAS that is unable to interpret or apply a deny rule MUST
> >            terminate the session.  A NAS that is unable to interpret or
> >            apply a permit rule MAY apply a more restrictive rule.  A
> >            NAS MAY apply deny rules of its own before the supplied
> >            rules, for example to protect the NAS owner's
> >            infrastructure.
> >
> >         The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
> >         and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
> >         implementations.
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 13:38:59 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 13:37:15 -0400
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: John Schnizlein <jschnizl@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
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Without looking, I assume there is no DSCP in FreeBSD's ipfw(8). 
But your text already said "modified subset".

Only state explicitly that this filter option is not in ipfw(8) if you
are prepared to fight its introduction there and/or revise your document
when/if they realize that a single filter specification is better than
the variety of different ones (just because there are different WGs).

Now that you mention it, should a standards-track document include this
sort of implementation suggestion?

John

At 12:26 PM 6/19/2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>I'm certainly not opposed to the change. The only caviat is the
>statement at the end regarding ipfw.c, and the change you've
>requested is probably not supported in that file.
>...
>> >     The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
>> >     and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for implementations.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 13:42:11 2001
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Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
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On Tue, Jun 19, 2001 at 01:37:15PM -0400, John Schnizlein wrote:
> Without looking, I assume there is no DSCP in FreeBSD's ipfw(8). 
> But your text already said "modified subset".

re-reading the text, you are correct.

> 
> Only state explicitly that this filter option is not in ipfw(8) if you
> are prepared to fight its introduction there and/or revise your document
> when/if they realize that a single filter specification is better than
> the variety of different ones (just because there are different WGs).
> 
> Now that you mention it, should a standards-track document include this
> sort of implementation suggestion?

I don't think it hurts.

PatC
> 
> John
> 
> At 12:26 PM 6/19/2001, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >I'm certainly not opposed to the change. The only caviat is the
> >statement at the end regarding ipfw.c, and the change you've
> >requested is probably not supported in that file.
> >...
> >> >     The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
> >> >     and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for implementations.
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 14:06:31 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 10:55:53 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 51: EAP Roundtrips
Message-ID: <20010619105553.N17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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Henry,

Could you please take a look at the text I just sent to the list to fix Issue 88,
and tell me what changes would be required to handle 51. The fixes in 88 are a
result of operational experience in 802/radius networks. The change in 51 is a
proposed optimization, as I understand it, may break interoperability with 802
and radius networks. Is this correct?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 14:14:49 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 88: Proposed Text for EAP Support Issues
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All,

I hadn't really noticed how bad this section needed some rev'ing up :(
I believe that I have address all of the concerns in this issue in
the following text:

4.0  Extensible Authentication Protocol Support

   The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), described in [25],
   provides a standard mechanism for support of extensible
   authentication methods. Through the use of EAP, support for a number
   of authentication schemes may be added, including smart and token
   cards, Kerberos, Public Key, One Time Passwords, and others.

   This section describes the Command-Codes values and AVPs that are
   required for an EAP payload to be encapsulated within the Diameter
   protocol. Since authentication occurs between the EAP client and its
   home Diameter server, end-to-end authentication is achieved, reducing
   the possibility for fraudulent authentication, such as replay and
   man-in-the-middle attacks. End-to-end authentication also provides
   for mutual (bi-directional) authentication, which is not possible
   with PAP and CHAP in a roaming PPP environment.

   The EAP conversation between the authenticating peer and the access
   device begins with the negotiation of EAP within a link layer, such
   as PPP or 802.1x. Once EAP has been negotiated, the access device
   will typically send to the Diameter server a Diameter-EAP-Request
   message with a NULL EAP-Payload AVP, signifying an EAP-Start. The
   Port number and the identity of the access device (e.g. Origin-Host
   or NAS-Identifier) MUST be included in the Diameter-EAP-Request
   message.

   If the Diameter home server supports EAP, it MUST respond with a
   Diameter-EAP-Answer message containing an EAP-Payload AVP that
   includes an encapsulated EAP payload [25], and the Result-Code AVP
   set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, signifying that a subsequent
   request is expected. The EAP payload is forwarded by the access
   device to the EAP client.

   The initial Diameter-EAP-Answer in a multi-round exchange normally
   includes an EAP-Request/Identity, requesting the EAP client to
   identify itself. Upon receipt of the EAP client's EAP-Response [25],
   the access device will then issue a second Diameter-EAP-Request
   message, with the client's EAP payload encapsulated within the EAP-
   Payload AVP.

   A preferred approach is for the access device to issue the EAP-
   Request/Identity message to the EAP client, and forward the EAP-
   Response/Identity packet, encapsulated within the EAP-Payload AVP, as
   a Diameter-EAP-Request to the Diameter server. This alternative
   reduces the number of Diameter message round trips, and is compatible
   with roaming environments, since the Destination-Realm is needed by
   Diameter agents for routing purposes. Note that this alternative
   cannot be universally employed, as there are circumstances where a
   user's identity is not needed (such as when authorization occurs
   based on a calling or called phone number).

   The conversation continues until the Diameter server sends a
   Diameter-EAP-Answer with a Result-Code AVP indicating success or
   failure, and an optional EAP-Payload. The Result-Code AVP is used by
   the access device to determine whether service is to be provided to
   the EAP client. The access device MUST NOT rely on the contents of
   the optional EAP-Payload to determine whether service is to be
   provided.

   A Diameter-EAP-Answer message containing an EAP-Payload of type EAP-
   Success or EAP-Failure MUST NOT have the Result-Code AVP set to
   DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH.

   If authorization was requested, a successful Diameter-EAP-Answer MUST
   also include the appropriate authorization AVPs required for the
   service requested (see sections 2.0, 6.0 and 7.0).

   Unless the access device interprets the EAP-Response/Identity packet
   returned by the authenticating peer, it will not have access to the
   user's identity. Therefore, the Diameter Server SHOULD return the
   user's identity by inserting it in the User-Name attribute of
   subsequent Diameter-EAP-Answer packets. Without the user's identity,
   the Session-Id AVP MAY be used for accounting and billing, however
   operationally this MAY be very difficult to manage.

   A home Diameter server MAY request EAP re-authentication by issuing
   the Re-Auth-Request [2] message to the Diameter client.

   Should an EAP authentication session be interrupted due to a home
   server failure, the session MAY be directed to an alternate server,
   but the authentication session will have to be restarted from the
   beginning.

   If a response is received with the Result-Code set to
   DIAMETER_COMMAND_UNSUPPORTED [2], it is an indication that the
   Diameter server in the home domain does not support EAP. If possible,
   the access device MAY attempt to negotiate another authentication
   protocol, such as PAP or CHAP. An access device SHOULD be cautious
   when determining whether a less secure authentication protocol will
   be used, since this could be a result of a bidding down attack.


[...]

4.2.1  Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) Command

   The Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) command, indicated by the Command-Code
   field set to 268 and the 'R' bit set in the Command Flags field, is
   sent by a Diameter client to a Diameter server and conveys an EAP-
   Response [25] from the EAP client. The Diameter-EAP-Request MUST
   contain one EAP-Payload AVP, which contains the actual EAP payload.
   An EAP-Payload AVP with no data MAY be sent to the Diameter server to
   initiate an EAP authentication session.

   The DER message MAY be the result of a multi-round authentication
   exchange, which occurs when the DEA is received with the Result-Code
   AVP set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH. A subsequent DER message MUST
   include any State AVPs that were present in the DEA. For re-
   authentication, it is recommended that the Identity request be
   skipped in order to reduce the number of authentication round trips.
   This is only possible when the user's identity is already known by
   the home Diameter server.


   Message Format

      <Diameter-EAP-Request> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, REQ, PXY >
                                 < Session-Id >
                                 { Auth-Application-Id }
                                 { Origin-Host }
                                 { Origin-Realm }
                                 { Destination-Realm }
                                 { Service-Type }
                                 { EAP-Payload }
                                 [ Destination-Host ]
                                 [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
                                 [ Session-Timeout ]
                                 [ User-Name ]
                                 [ Idle-Timeout ]
                                 [ NAS-IP-Address ]
                                 [ NAS-Identifier ]
                                 [ State ]
                                 [ Origin-State-Id ]
                                 [ NAS-Key-Binding ]
                               * [ AVP ]
                               * [ Proxy-Info ]
                               * [ Route-Record ]


4.2.2  Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) Command

   The Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) message, indicated by the Command-Code
   field set to 268 and the 'R' bit cleared in the Command Flags field,
   is sent by the Diameter server to the client for one of the following
   reasons:

      1) The message is part of a multi-round authentication exchange,
         and the server is expecting a subsequent Diameter-EAP-Request.
         This is indicated by setting the Result-Code to
         DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, and MAY include zero or more State
         AVPs.
      2) the EAP client has been successfully authenticated and
         authorized, in which case the message MUST include the Result-
         Code AVP indicating success, and SHOULD include an EAP-Payload
         of type EAP-Success.  This event MUST cause the access device
         to provide service to the EAP client.
      3) The EAP client has not been successfully authenticated and/or
         authorized, and the Result-Code AVP is set to indicate failure.
         This message MAY include an EAP-Payload, but this AVP is not
         used to determine whether service is to be provided.

   If the message from the Diameter client included a request for
   authorization, a successful response MUST include the authorization
   AVPs that are relevant to the service being provided.

   Message Format

      <Diameter-EAP-Answer> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, PXY >
                                < Session-Id >
                                { Auth-Application-Id }
                                { Result-Code }
                                { Origin-Host }
                                { Origin-Realm }
                                { Destination-Host }
                                { Service-Type }
                                [ Error-Reporting-Host ]
                                [ EAP-Payload ]
                                [ User-Name ]
                                [ Idle-Timeout ]
                                [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
                                [ Session-Timeout ]
                                [ Origin-State-Id ]
                              * [ NAS-Session-Key ]
                              * [ AVP ]
                              * [ Proxy-Info ]
                              * [ Route-Record ]


4.3  EAP-Payload AVP

   The EAP-Payload AVP (AVP Code 402) is of type OctetString and is used
   to encapsulate the actual EAP payload [25] that is being exchanged
   between the EAP client and the home Diameter server.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 14:16:24 2001
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Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2001 11:05:30 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 82: Reauthorization Issues
Message-ID: <20010619110529.O17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

I have some comments on this issue.

> - In 10.7 (and elsewhere) clarify Authorization-Lifetime (means Reauth 
> should be performed) and Session-Timeout. Resources should be liberated 
> upon Session-Timeout only, not upon Authorization-Lifetime expiration. 

but it is valid for an answer message to only include the Authorization-Lifetime,
and not the Session-Timeout.

> - Change name of Authorization-Lifetime to Reauthorization-Timeout 

I'm not particularly fond of this one.

> - Authorization-Lifetime and Session-Timeout based from start of Session or 
> from receipt of message (in reauth)? 

ok, this should be clarified. Of course, I wonder what the right answer is.
a couple of options:

1. a re-auth is expected after Authorization-Lifetime, and if no answer
   is received by Session-Timeout, resources are cleaned up.
2. Session-Timeout is the end of the session. The user is free to re-auth,
   but once session-timeout expires (from the beginning of the session), 
   it's game over.

> - In reauth, is it allowed to change authorization parameters (filters, 
> IPs...)?

good question. perhaps some text stating that non-conflicting authorization
information MAY be returned in re-auth messages.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 19 17:49:10 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 82: Reauthorization Issues
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 20:05 19/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>I have some comments on this issue.
>
> > - In 10.7 (and elsewhere) clarify Authorization-Lifetime (means Reauth
> > should be performed) and Session-Timeout. Resources should be liberated
> > upon Session-Timeout only, not upon Authorization-Lifetime expiration.
>
>but it is valid for an answer message to only include the 
>Authorization-Lifetime,
>and not the Session-Timeout.

The problem is that if Authorization-Lifetime is a trigger for a reauth 
request, then there should be some time between the start of the reauth and 
really freeing all associated resources. But there should be an absolute 
maximum to the session duration.

I would say that if there is an Authorization-Lifetime, there should be a 
Session-Timeout too, with a value slightly higher. In other words, 
Authorization-Lifetime just means "ask for a reauth after n seconds". If 
that doesn't happen, then the session is dropped because of 
Session-Timeout, not because of Authorization-Lifetime (otherwise there is 
a duplicate in semantics).

> > - Change name of Authorization-Lifetime to Reauthorization-Timeout
>
>I'm not particularly fond of this one.

Depends on the exact semantics of the AVP as detailed above.

> > - Authorization-Lifetime and Session-Timeout based from start of 
> Session or
> > from receipt of message (in reauth)?
>
>ok, this should be clarified. Of course, I wonder what the right answer is.
>a couple of options:
>
>1. a re-auth is expected after Authorization-Lifetime, and if no answer
>    is received by Session-Timeout, resources are cleaned up.

That's what I think, but the issue is:
- upon reauth, there should be a new Authorization-Lifetime & Session-Timeout.
- from when are these counted? The original authorization, or the new one?

>2. Session-Timeout is the end of the session. The user is free to re-auth,
>    but once session-timeout expires (from the beginning of the session),
>    it's game over.

Don't quite see the difference (other than you don't mention Auth-Lifetime)?

> > - In reauth, is it allowed to change authorization parameters (filters,
> > IPs...)?
>
>good question. perhaps some text stating that non-conflicting authorization
>information MAY be returned in re-auth messages.

How do you define "non-conflicting"? A few "hints" on that...
- it is quite useful to be able to change filters on the fly (e.g. a user 
starts with restricted filters, then something external makes us open the 
filters. Or the opposite, a user starts with full access, but then upon 
reauth we find out that he's out of credits, but we still want him/her to 
have access to a specific www site to buy some more, so we just close 
filters instead of just disconnecting the user)
- some things like IP addresses are quite harder to change on the fly, at 
least in an PPP context.

[which raises an interesting point, does Diameter have everything needed to 
centralize DHCP authorization?]

Jacques.


_________________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 20 02:23:06 2001
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Cc: henry.haverinen@nokia.com, pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] EAP Support issues
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Some more discussion on EAP issues. One question (which is really an EAP
issue) is whether it is possible to authentication with several EAP
methods, one after another, and if so, how this is done in AAA. 

1. Serial reauths. With this technique, you do one EAP auth, send an EAP
success, and then do another one. The re-auth can be NAS initiated, or
server initiated. If NAS initiated, you need a way for the AAA server to
tell the NAS "reauthenticate right away!". It has been suggested that this
can be accomplished within RADIUS by setting Session-Time=0 and
Termination-Action=Radius-Request. If server initiated (Diameter can do
this, but RADIUS can't), then the server can send a Challenge to the NAS
with an encapsulated EAP-Message attribute to start the next auth. 
The question with serial reauths is whether an EAP-Success can be
encapsulated in a Challenge packet so that the NAS won't let the user have
acess until the last auth Accept/EAP-Success is sent. Assuming that the
re-auth is driven correctly (by NAS with Session-Time=0 or by
server),allowing this might not be so bad after all. What do people think?

2. Multiple auths with one EAP-Success. It's been pointed out that an EAP
conversation already involves multiple methods (Identity, MD5, etc.). So
why can't the AAA server not send the EAP-Success, and start another EAP
type instead? To the NAS this looks like one conversation, it won't be
looking at the changing EAP types. When the last auth completes, an
EAP-Success is sent. This technique requires no changes to AAA; but if we
think this functionality is useful/necessary it might be worth pointing
out that it can be done. I think that in some respects it is cleaner than
method #1: the client is not fooled into thinking it has network access
when it doesn't. 

Additional issue:
* Is it possible to send Key attributes in an Access-Challenge so as to
turn on encryption in the middle of an authentication conversation? I vote
no on this since at least in PPP, you can't do ECP until you've finished
LCP. If you want this, you can finish one auth, send a Success and keys,
then do re-auth. So I think it's not necessary. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 20 03:59:49 2001
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From: jukka.aakula@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Proposed fix for Grouped AVP (Issue 11)
Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2001 11:00:03 +0300
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Hi,

Why does the Grouped AVP not support the "alternatives" of ABNF ?

Jukka Aakula


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 20 06:14:11 2001
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From: NGUYEN Kim Anh Vu FTRD/DMR/ISS <kimanhvu.nguyen@rd.francetelecom.fr>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: New set of drafts posted
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Hi Pat,

Thank for the hard job, i have a stupid question regarding the message
header
It is indicated that the "message length" field is a two-octet fiels but on
the figure i can see 3 octets
Is this means that the version field has 2 octet ?

Thank in advance

BR
Kim Nguyen
  

-----Message d'origine-----
De : Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
Envoye : mardi 5 juin 2001 03:04
A : aaa-wg@merit.edu
Objet : [AAA-WG]: New set of drafts posted



All,

In order to give people time to digest the changes that have been made to
the
Diameter drafts, I am sending a new version to the secretariat. The new
versions,
as usual, can be found at www.diameter.org.

Please note that the E2E draft has changed name. After a security review, it
was
decided that End-to-End really wasn't an appropriate name, and has been
called
the CMS Security Application.

Yes, extensions are now applications, as per Issue #54.

I changed the issues web site considerable today. All of the closed issues
are in a separate
table, and the table shows the rev of the draft an issue was take care of.
All open
issues are in their own table. I am still waiting for a few issue
description from folks,
so I would appreciate if those people could send text.

Enjoy,

PatC


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From: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
To: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 51: EAP Roundtrips
Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2001 14:07:48 +0300
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> Could you please take a look at the text I just sent to the 
> list to fix Issue 88,
> and tell me what changes would be required to handle 51. The 
> fixes in 88 are a
> result of operational experience in 802/radius networks. The 
> change in 51 is a
> proposed optimization, as I understand it, may break 
> interoperability with 802
> and radius networks. Is this correct?

Pat, 

I included the changes below. 

It is true that the operation of the NAS and the Diameter 
server with this optimization would be different from the 
operation in Radius. But as Diameter is a new protocol, I don't 
see any problems in requiring Diameter nodes to implement
new things. The current 802 documents refer to Radius, and if
this optimization is adopted, then new Diameter-specific
operation will be required in 802 nodes and PPP servers that 
implement Diameter.

Interoperability with existing Radius networks may become an 
issue. It would be hard to do protocol translation from "optimized" 
Diameter to Radius, if the AAA server speaks Diameter
and the NAS Radius (we'd need stateful translation). 
But it would be easy to translate from "unoptimized" Diameter 
to Radius. And if the AAA server speaks Radius and the NAS Diameter,
then protocol translation to "unoptimized" Diameter would be 
easy to implement.

Regards,
Henry

Proposed addition:
   
A Diameter-EAP-Answer message with the Result-Code AVP
indicating success or failure MAY contain an EAP-Payload of
type EAP-Request. In this case the Diameter server does not 
expect any response to the EAP-Request. As usual, the NAS relies 
on the Result-Code AVP to determine whether service is to be 
provided. In any case, the NAS MUST relay the encapsulated EAP-Request 
to the peer. The NAS MUST retransmit the EAP Request to the peer until 
a Response packet with the same Identifier is received or an optional 
retry counter expires. The NAS MUST NOT send the received Response packet 
to the Diameter server but it MUST discard the Response packet. 
On receipt of the Response packet, the NAS MAY manufacture an 
EAP-Success or an EAP-Failure (depending on the Result-Code AVP 
in the Diameter-EAP-Anser message), and send it to the peer.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 20 18:34:46 2001
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Date: Wed, 20 Jun 2001 15:30:25 -0700
From: Tony Johansson <tony.johansson@ericsson.com>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue #67: How to deal with CER and CEA in the case of 
 SCTP
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All,

The new text in section 8.0 Peer Sate Machine supports both the behavior of
SCTP and TCP under the condition that the port on which a connection is
initiated MUST NOT be the port Diameter listens for incoming connections.

Form all of the previous mail discussions I think we all agree that this is
the correct assumption in the TCP case, but what about SCTP? In the SCTP
case you can use the same port to initiate connections as well as listening
for incoming connections. Under these circumstances, the normal operation of
SCTP will guarantee you only get one transport layer connection, even if
both sides start to initiate the connection at the same time, and there is
no need for the I- and R- connection functionality currently defined in the
state machine. The drawback in this situation is that SCTP may not be able
to tell you whether or not you are deemed the initiator- it ONLY guarantees
that you get ONE connection. So, to allow SCTP to use the same port, would
unfortunately require some additional handling of the CER and CEA :(,
because as soon as the transport connection is established both peers may
ending up issuing CER.

I'm not sure how far we should go on this issue. I don't have any problems
to reject and close this issue #67 if I'm the only one who sees any utility
in allowing incoming and outgoing SCTP connection requests to use the same
port.

However, if we do see some advantages in this, we only need some additional
text that deals with the case that a peer receives a CER instead of an CEA,
like the following.

In the case Diameter is configured over SCTP to initiate and listen for
connection requests on the same port, SCTP will not make use of the I- and
R- states defined in the state machine. Under these circumstances, in the
event that two peers attempt to connect at the same time, SCTP will
automatically resolve the connection requests into a single connection, and
both peers may issue CER.  When both peers send the CER and then receive the
CER from the other peer instead of a CEA, it MUST in these cases treat the
received CER as a CEA.

Comments, please.

/Tony





From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 20 18:49:17 2001
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From: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Reply-To: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue #67: How to deal with CER and CEA in the case of  SCTP
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Tony,

The situation is actually the same for TCP and SCTP -- both
will automatically merge two identical associations
initiated at the same time, and both may have some implementations
that permit listening and initiating connections from the
same port, while others do not permit it.

So I recommend forbidding listening and connecting from the
same port under SCTP as well as TCP, and using the same
resolution mechanism for SCTP as for TCP.

Jonathan

>
>All,
>
>The new text in section 8.0 Peer Sate Machine supports both the behavior of
>SCTP and TCP under the condition that the port on which a connection is
>initiated MUST NOT be the port Diameter listens for incoming connections.
>
>Form all of the previous mail discussions I think we all agree that this is
>the correct assumption in the TCP case, but what about SCTP? In the SCTP
>case you can use the same port to initiate connections as well as listening
>for incoming connections. Under these circumstances, the normal operation of
>SCTP will guarantee you only get one transport layer connection, even if
>both sides start to initiate the connection at the same time, and there is
>no need for the I- and R- connection functionality currently defined in the
>state machine. The drawback in this situation is that SCTP may not be able
>to tell you whether or not you are deemed the initiator- it ONLY guarantees
>that you get ONE connection. So, to allow SCTP to use the same port, would
>unfortunately require some additional handling of the CER and CEA :(,
>because as soon as the transport connection is established both peers may
>ending up issuing CER.
>
>I'm not sure how far we should go on this issue. I don't have any problems
>to reject and close this issue #67 if I'm the only one who sees any utility
>in allowing incoming and outgoing SCTP connection requests to use the same
>port.
>
>However, if we do see some advantages in this, we only need some additional
>text that deals with the case that a peer receives a CER instead of an CEA,
>like the following.
>
>In the case Diameter is configured over SCTP to initiate and listen for
>connection requests on the same port, SCTP will not make use of the I- and
>R- states defined in the state machine. Under these circumstances, in the
>event that two peers attempt to connect at the same time, SCTP will
>automatically resolve the connection requests into a single connection, and
>both peers may issue CER.  When both peers send the CER and then receive the
>CER from the other peer instead of a CEA, it MUST in these cases treat the
>received CER as a CEA.
>
>Comments, please.
>
>/Tony
>
>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 21 09:29:25 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: henry.haverinen@nokia.com
Cc: pcalhoun@diameter.org, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 51: EAP Roundtrips
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In-Reply-To: <DED1F2C6CE07FA498D7AD0CCAC03401B0CEF3B@trebe003.NOE.Nokia.com>; from henry.haverinen@nokia.com on Wed, Jun 20, 2001 at 02:07:48PM +0300
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On Wed, Jun 20, 2001 at 02:07:48PM +0300, henry.haverinen@nokia.com wrote:
> I included the changes below. 
> 
> It is true that the operation of the NAS and the Diameter 
> server with this optimization would be different from the 
> operation in Radius. But as Diameter is a new protocol, I don't 
> see any problems in requiring Diameter nodes to implement
> new things. The current 802 documents refer to Radius, and if
> this optimization is adopted, then new Diameter-specific
> operation will be required in 802 nodes and PPP servers that 
> implement Diameter.
> 
> Interoperability with existing Radius networks may become an 
> issue. It would be hard to do protocol translation from "optimized" 
> Diameter to Radius, if the AAA server speaks Diameter
> and the NAS Radius (we'd need stateful translation). 
> But it would be easy to translate from "unoptimized" Diameter 
> to Radius. And if the AAA server speaks Radius and the NAS Diameter,
> then protocol translation to "unoptimized" Diameter would be 
> easy to implement.

but how would an 802.11 bridge talking optimized Diameter know
that protocol translation is being done? There isn't a way to
signal to an access device that this is happening, and
would require additional protocol design.

PatC
> 
> Regards,
> Henry
> 
> Proposed addition:
>    
> A Diameter-EAP-Answer message with the Result-Code AVP
> indicating success or failure MAY contain an EAP-Payload of
> type EAP-Request. In this case the Diameter server does not 
> expect any response to the EAP-Request. As usual, the NAS relies 
> on the Result-Code AVP to determine whether service is to be 
> provided. In any case, the NAS MUST relay the encapsulated EAP-Request 
> to the peer. The NAS MUST retransmit the EAP Request to the peer until 
> a Response packet with the same Identifier is received or an optional 
> retry counter expires. The NAS MUST NOT send the received Response packet 
> to the Diameter server but it MUST discard the Response packet. 
> On receipt of the Response packet, the NAS MAY manufacture an 
> EAP-Success or an EAP-Failure (depending on the Result-Code AVP 
> in the Diameter-EAP-Anser message), and send it to the peer.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 21 09:36:43 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: NGUYEN Kim Anh Vu FTRD/DMR/ISS <kimanhvu.nguyen@rd.francetelecom.fr>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: New set of drafts posted
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	'Pat Calhoun' <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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On Wed, Jun 20, 2001 at 12:13:23PM +0200, NGUYEN Kim Anh Vu FTRD/DMR/ISS wrote:
> Hi Pat,
> 
> Thank for the hard job, i have a stupid question regarding the message
> header
> It is indicated that the "message length" field is a two-octet fiels but on
> the figure i can see 3 octets
> Is this means that the version field has 2 octet ?

an oversight on my part.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 21 17:14:53 2001
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From: Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 <panos.thomas@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: MIP-MN-HA-Preferred-SPI  in AA-Mobile-Node-Request ?
Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 16:01:24 -0500
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Hi Pat,

Shouldn't the AA-Mobile-Node-Request in
draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-06.txt
also include a MIP-MN-HA-Preferred-SPI AVP, to be sent to AAAH when the
MN-HA
Key Request From AAA subtype is present in the Registration Request?

"2.1 AA-Mobile-Node-Request
...
    <AA-Mobile-Node-Request> ::= < Diameter Header: 260, REQ, PXY >
                                 < Session-ID >
                                 { Auth-Application-Id }
                                 { User-Name }
                                 { Destination-Realm }
                                 { Origin-Host }
                                 { Origin-Realm }
                                 { MIP-Reg-Request }
                                 { MIP-MN-AAA-Auth }
                                 [ MIP-Mobile-Node-Address ]
                                 [ MIP-Home-Agent-Address ]
                                 [ MIP-Feature-Vector ]
                                 [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
                                 [ MIP-FA-MN-Preferred-SPI ]
                                 [ MIP-FA-HA-Preferred-SPI ]
                                 [ MIP-Previous-FA-Host ]
                                 [ MIP-Previous-FA-Addr ]
                                 [ MIP-FA-Challenge ]
                                 [ Destination-Host ]
                                 [ Origin-State-Id ]
                               * [ AVP ]
                               * [ Proxy-Info ]
                               * [ Route-Record ]                  
..."

-Panos


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 21 18:58:45 2001
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Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 15:48:01 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 51: EAP Roundtrips
Message-ID: <20010621154801.H14828@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

A few of us had a call today, and we discussed this issue. We decided that since
accepting this issue would cause interoperability problems with RADIUS implementations,
it wasn't worth the cost.

Unless strong objections are received, we will reject this issue.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 21 19:01:15 2001
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Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 15:50:23 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 67: How to deal with CER and CEA in the case of
Message-ID: <20010621155023.I14828@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

In our call today, we decided to close this issue, since it will not
occur with the current language in -06.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 21 20:12:27 2001
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Date: Thu, 21 Jun 2001 17:01:41 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 79: Error Handling Editorial Changes
Message-ID: <20010621170141.L14828@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

during the call today, we agreed with Issue 79, that it wasn't necessary for
a new command code (Message-Reject-Answer) to be used when a protocol error
occurs. However, some folks wanted a simpler way to identify that a relay
needs to process the message other than parsing through it looking for the
Result-Code AVP. So, we decided that introducing the 'E' (error) bit in the
header was a very fast and easy way for relays to identify that local processing
of a message is necessary.

Here is a portion of my proposed text (most of the changes is to replace the
term Message-Reject-Answer with something that states that an answer is returned
with the 'E' bit set).

Comments appreciated,

PatC
----

3.0  Diameter Header

   A summary of the Diameter header format is shown below. The fields
   are transmitted in network byte order.

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |      Ver      |                 Message Length                |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |R P E r r r r r|                  Command-Code                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                           Vendor-ID                           |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                      Hop-by-Hop Identifier                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                      End-to-End Identifier                    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |  AVPs ...
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-

[...]
   Command Flags
      The Command Flags field is eight bits.  The following bits are
      assigned:

         R(equest)   - If set, the message is a request. If cleared, the
                       message is an answer.
         P(roxiable) - If set, the message MAY be proxied. If cleared,
                       the message MUST be locally processed.
         E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a protocol error,
                       and the message will not conform to the ABNF
                       described for this command.  This bit MUST NOT be
                       set in request messages. See section x.x.
         r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
                       MUST be set to zero.

[...]
3.2  Command Code ABNF specification

[...]
      header           = "< Diameter-Header:" command-id [r-bit]
                           [p-bit] [e-bit] ">"
[...]
      e-bit            = ", ERR"
                          ; If present, the 'E' bit in the Command
                          ; Flags is set, indication that the answer
                          ; message contains a Result-Code AVP in
                          ; the "protocol error" class.
[...]

9.2  Error Bit

   The 'E' (Error Bit) in the Diameter header is set when the request
   caused a protocol-related error (see section 9.1.3).  When set, the
   answer message will not conform to the ABNF specification for the
   command, and will instead conform to the following ABNF:

   Message Format

      <answer-message> ::= < Diameter Header: code, ERR >
                           < Session-Id >
                           { Origin-Host }
                           { Origin-Realm }
                           { Result-Code }
                           { Destination-Host }
                           [ Origin-State-Id ]
                           [ Error-Reporting-Host ]
                         * [ AVP ]

   Note that the code used in the header is the same that the one found
   in the request message, but with the 'R' bit cleared and the 'E' bit
   set.


Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 05:24:49 2001
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Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 11:23:07 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 79: Error Handling Editorial Changes
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Hi,

I still think this is redundant with the 'P' bit. A message with 'R' clear 
and 'P' clear is a non-proxiable answer, and thus something for local 
processing. Then the combination of Command-Code and Result-Code will tell 
the proxy/relay whether it's a CEA or a protocol error.

Also, I think it would be wise to specify which combinations of the flag 
bits are allowed, and what to do if an unallowed combination is received.

As an aside, I would like just for the record [I'm afraid many might feel 
it's too late to make such radical changes :-(] to state that my favorite 
option would be to separate a lot more explicitly the "protocol" part from 
the "application" part (a bit like HTTP vs HTML or SMTP vs RFC822 e-mail, 
etc). I think we are still way too close to the Radius model where we just 
exchange messages on a link, and some happen to be local protocol things 
and others are end-to-end application things. This is not really good for 
the robustness and clarity of the protocol.

This would apply to command-codes (e.g. CER, CEA, DWR, DWA vs AAA, AAR, 
etc.), error-codes, and AVPs (some AVPs are used for routing purposes, such 
as Destination-Host, Destination-Realm, Route-Record..., and are comparable 
to HTTP headers, while others are purely applicative, such as 
Framed-IP-Address, User-Name or EAP-Message, and closer to HTML tags).

This would probably simplify a lot the ABNF, as all "Application" commands 
would not be encumbered with all the "protocol" AVPs, too.

Note that though the changes are radical, it might not require to change 
that much text, so it could still be done pretty quickly. Let me know if 
anyone wants to pursue this [for some reason I doubt it :-(].

Jacques.

At 02:01 22/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>during the call today, we agreed with Issue 79, that it wasn't necessary for
>a new command code (Message-Reject-Answer) to be used when a protocol error
>occurs. However, some folks wanted a simpler way to identify that a relay
>needs to process the message other than parsing through it looking for the
>Result-Code AVP. So, we decided that introducing the 'E' (error) bit in the
>header was a very fast and easy way for relays to identify that local 
>processing
>of a message is necessary.
>
>Here is a portion of my proposed text (most of the changes is to replace the
>term Message-Reject-Answer with something that states that an answer is 
>returned
>with the 'E' bit set).
>
>Comments appreciated,
>
>PatC
>----
>
>3.0  Diameter Header
>
>    A summary of the Diameter header format is shown below. The fields
>    are transmitted in network byte order.
>
>        0                   1                   2                   3
>        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       |      Ver      |                 Message Length                |
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       |R P E r r r r r|                  Command-Code                 |
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       |                           Vendor-ID                           |
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       |                      Hop-by-Hop Identifier                    |
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       |                      End-to-End Identifier                    |
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
>       |  AVPs ...
>       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
>
>[...]
>    Command Flags
>       The Command Flags field is eight bits.  The following bits are
>       assigned:
>
>          R(equest)   - If set, the message is a request. If cleared, the
>                        message is an answer.
>          P(roxiable) - If set, the message MAY be proxied. If cleared,
>                        the message MUST be locally processed.
>          E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a protocol error,
>                        and the message will not conform to the ABNF
>                        described for this command.  This bit MUST NOT be
>                        set in request messages. See section x.x.
>          r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
>                        MUST be set to zero.
>
>[...]
>3.2  Command Code ABNF specification
>
>[...]
>       header           = "< Diameter-Header:" command-id [r-bit]
>                            [p-bit] [e-bit] ">"
>[...]
>       e-bit            = ", ERR"
>                           ; If present, the 'E' bit in the Command
>                           ; Flags is set, indication that the answer
>                           ; message contains a Result-Code AVP in
>                           ; the "protocol error" class.
>[...]
>
>9.2  Error Bit
>
>    The 'E' (Error Bit) in the Diameter header is set when the request
>    caused a protocol-related error (see section 9.1.3).  When set, the
>    answer message will not conform to the ABNF specification for the
>    command, and will instead conform to the following ABNF:
>
>    Message Format
>
>       <answer-message> ::= < Diameter Header: code, ERR >
>                            < Session-Id >
>                            { Origin-Host }
>                            { Origin-Realm }
>                            { Result-Code }
>                            { Destination-Host }
>                            [ Origin-State-Id ]
>                            [ Error-Reporting-Host ]
>                          * [ AVP ]
>
>    Note that the code used in the header is the same that the one found
>    in the request message, but with the 'R' bit cleared and the 'E' bit
>    set.
>
>
>Thanks,
>
>PatC


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 06:59:47 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 88: Proposed Text for EAP Support Issues
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Hi,

Just two stupid questions...

I hadn't noticed that EAP actually used different command-codes from 
regular AAA/AAR. In that case, maybe it should be an altogether different 
application?

Another thing that came to mind while I was reading the Diameter Mobile IP 
draft this week-end, is there any (existent/planned) interaction between 
Mobile IP and EAP?

Jacques.

At 19:52 19/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>I hadn't really noticed how bad this section needed some rev'ing up :(
>I believe that I have address all of the concerns in this issue in
>the following text:
>
>4.0  Extensible Authentication Protocol Support
>
>    The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), described in [25],
>    provides a standard mechanism for support of extensible
>    authentication methods. Through the use of EAP, support for a number
>    of authentication schemes may be added, including smart and token
>    cards, Kerberos, Public Key, One Time Passwords, and others.
>
>    This section describes the Command-Codes values and AVPs that are
>    required for an EAP payload to be encapsulated within the Diameter
>    protocol. Since authentication occurs between the EAP client and its
>    home Diameter server, end-to-end authentication is achieved, reducing
>    the possibility for fraudulent authentication, such as replay and
>    man-in-the-middle attacks. End-to-end authentication also provides
>    for mutual (bi-directional) authentication, which is not possible
>    with PAP and CHAP in a roaming PPP environment.
>
>    The EAP conversation between the authenticating peer and the access
>    device begins with the negotiation of EAP within a link layer, such
>    as PPP or 802.1x. Once EAP has been negotiated, the access device
>    will typically send to the Diameter server a Diameter-EAP-Request
>    message with a NULL EAP-Payload AVP, signifying an EAP-Start. The
>    Port number and the identity of the access device (e.g. Origin-Host
>    or NAS-Identifier) MUST be included in the Diameter-EAP-Request
>    message.
>
>    If the Diameter home server supports EAP, it MUST respond with a
>    Diameter-EAP-Answer message containing an EAP-Payload AVP that
>    includes an encapsulated EAP payload [25], and the Result-Code AVP
>    set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, signifying that a subsequent
>    request is expected. The EAP payload is forwarded by the access
>    device to the EAP client.
>
>    The initial Diameter-EAP-Answer in a multi-round exchange normally
>    includes an EAP-Request/Identity, requesting the EAP client to
>    identify itself. Upon receipt of the EAP client's EAP-Response [25],
>    the access device will then issue a second Diameter-EAP-Request
>    message, with the client's EAP payload encapsulated within the EAP-
>    Payload AVP.
>
>    A preferred approach is for the access device to issue the EAP-
>    Request/Identity message to the EAP client, and forward the EAP-
>    Response/Identity packet, encapsulated within the EAP-Payload AVP, as
>    a Diameter-EAP-Request to the Diameter server. This alternative
>    reduces the number of Diameter message round trips, and is compatible
>    with roaming environments, since the Destination-Realm is needed by
>    Diameter agents for routing purposes. Note that this alternative
>    cannot be universally employed, as there are circumstances where a
>    user's identity is not needed (such as when authorization occurs
>    based on a calling or called phone number).
>
>    The conversation continues until the Diameter server sends a
>    Diameter-EAP-Answer with a Result-Code AVP indicating success or
>    failure, and an optional EAP-Payload. The Result-Code AVP is used by
>    the access device to determine whether service is to be provided to
>    the EAP client. The access device MUST NOT rely on the contents of
>    the optional EAP-Payload to determine whether service is to be
>    provided.
>
>    A Diameter-EAP-Answer message containing an EAP-Payload of type EAP-
>    Success or EAP-Failure MUST NOT have the Result-Code AVP set to
>    DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH.
>
>    If authorization was requested, a successful Diameter-EAP-Answer MUST
>    also include the appropriate authorization AVPs required for the
>    service requested (see sections 2.0, 6.0 and 7.0).
>
>    Unless the access device interprets the EAP-Response/Identity packet
>    returned by the authenticating peer, it will not have access to the
>    user's identity. Therefore, the Diameter Server SHOULD return the
>    user's identity by inserting it in the User-Name attribute of
>    subsequent Diameter-EAP-Answer packets. Without the user's identity,
>    the Session-Id AVP MAY be used for accounting and billing, however
>    operationally this MAY be very difficult to manage.
>
>    A home Diameter server MAY request EAP re-authentication by issuing
>    the Re-Auth-Request [2] message to the Diameter client.
>
>    Should an EAP authentication session be interrupted due to a home
>    server failure, the session MAY be directed to an alternate server,
>    but the authentication session will have to be restarted from the
>    beginning.
>
>    If a response is received with the Result-Code set to
>    DIAMETER_COMMAND_UNSUPPORTED [2], it is an indication that the
>    Diameter server in the home domain does not support EAP. If possible,
>    the access device MAY attempt to negotiate another authentication
>    protocol, such as PAP or CHAP. An access device SHOULD be cautious
>    when determining whether a less secure authentication protocol will
>    be used, since this could be a result of a bidding down attack.
>
>
>[...]
>
>4.2.1  Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) Command
>
>    The Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) command, indicated by the Command-Code
>    field set to 268 and the 'R' bit set in the Command Flags field, is
>    sent by a Diameter client to a Diameter server and conveys an EAP-
>    Response [25] from the EAP client. The Diameter-EAP-Request MUST
>    contain one EAP-Payload AVP, which contains the actual EAP payload.
>    An EAP-Payload AVP with no data MAY be sent to the Diameter server to
>    initiate an EAP authentication session.
>
>    The DER message MAY be the result of a multi-round authentication
>    exchange, which occurs when the DEA is received with the Result-Code
>    AVP set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH. A subsequent DER message MUST
>    include any State AVPs that were present in the DEA. For re-
>    authentication, it is recommended that the Identity request be
>    skipped in order to reduce the number of authentication round trips.
>    This is only possible when the user's identity is already known by
>    the home Diameter server.
>
>
>    Message Format
>
>       <Diameter-EAP-Request> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, REQ, PXY >
>                                  < Session-Id >
>                                  { Auth-Application-Id }
>                                  { Origin-Host }
>                                  { Origin-Realm }
>                                  { Destination-Realm }
>                                  { Service-Type }
>                                  { EAP-Payload }
>                                  [ Destination-Host ]
>                                  [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
>                                  [ Session-Timeout ]
>                                  [ User-Name ]
>                                  [ Idle-Timeout ]
>                                  [ NAS-IP-Address ]
>                                  [ NAS-Identifier ]
>                                  [ State ]
>                                  [ Origin-State-Id ]
>                                  [ NAS-Key-Binding ]
>                                * [ AVP ]
>                                * [ Proxy-Info ]
>                                * [ Route-Record ]
>
>
>4.2.2  Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) Command
>
>    The Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) message, indicated by the Command-Code
>    field set to 268 and the 'R' bit cleared in the Command Flags field,
>    is sent by the Diameter server to the client for one of the following
>    reasons:
>
>       1) The message is part of a multi-round authentication exchange,
>          and the server is expecting a subsequent Diameter-EAP-Request.
>          This is indicated by setting the Result-Code to
>          DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, and MAY include zero or more State
>          AVPs.
>       2) the EAP client has been successfully authenticated and
>          authorized, in which case the message MUST include the Result-
>          Code AVP indicating success, and SHOULD include an EAP-Payload
>          of type EAP-Success.  This event MUST cause the access device
>          to provide service to the EAP client.
>       3) The EAP client has not been successfully authenticated and/or
>          authorized, and the Result-Code AVP is set to indicate failure.
>          This message MAY include an EAP-Payload, but this AVP is not
>          used to determine whether service is to be provided.
>
>    If the message from the Diameter client included a request for
>    authorization, a successful response MUST include the authorization
>    AVPs that are relevant to the service being provided.
>
>    Message Format
>
>       <Diameter-EAP-Answer> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, PXY >
>                                 < Session-Id >
>                                 { Auth-Application-Id }
>                                 { Result-Code }
>                                 { Origin-Host }
>                                 { Origin-Realm }
>                                 { Destination-Host }
>                                 { Service-Type }
>                                 [ Error-Reporting-Host ]
>                                 [ EAP-Payload ]
>                                 [ User-Name ]
>                                 [ Idle-Timeout ]
>                                 [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
>                                 [ Session-Timeout ]
>                                 [ Origin-State-Id ]
>                               * [ NAS-Session-Key ]
>                               * [ AVP ]
>                               * [ Proxy-Info ]
>                               * [ Route-Record ]
>
>
>4.3  EAP-Payload AVP
>
>    The EAP-Payload AVP (AVP Code 402) is of type OctetString and is used
>    to encapsulate the actual EAP payload [25] that is being exchanged
>    between the EAP client and the home Diameter server.


_________________________________________________________
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Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 12:29:42 2001
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From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-mobileip-06
Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 18:22:09 +0200
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Hi Pat,

I have a few comments on the Mobile IPv4 Application draft-06.
If you believe that some of those worth an official issue,
then let me know. I must say that it is definitely the best MIP-app
draft I've seen so far, and I'm quite happy about it. Thanks!

1) Section 1.2, on top of page 7, I was wondering if it would be better
to use the DIAMETER_ERROR_AUTH_FAILURE defined in the MIP draft,
or to re-use the one already defined in the Base draft? The one in the
Base could possibly be more generic, what do you think?

2) Section 2.1, I guess we could mention that the MN-AAA
Authentication Extension information is carried by the
(MIP-MN-AAA-Auth AVP), and that the Foreign Agent Challenge
Extension information by the (MIP-FA-Challenge AVP).

3) Section 2.1, I don't think the paragraph starting with
"If the MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP...." is still applicable
in this draft. Can that AVP be useful at all in the current
solution proposed in the draft? At least, I don't see how
we could make use of that MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP in the 
AAAH and the AAAF. Is it for future considerations?

Furthermore, I thought we had agreed that the User-Name
was not enough for the purpose of retrieving keys in the AAAF,
but would rather require the User-Name, the Home-Address and
the Home-Agent?

4) Section 2.1, in the message format, I am questionning the
necessity of the MIP-Previous-FA-Host and MIP-Previous-FA-Addr AVPs.

5) Section 2.2, the command-code should be 260, instead of 261.

6) Section 2.2, in the message format, should the
MIP-HA-to-FA-Key AVP be included as [], in the case where the
the Multi-Round-Auth is used?

7) Section 2.3, could we add the [MIP-Feature-Vector] as a possible
AVP of the HAR message, since I see it very useful in the case where
the AAAF needs to allocate an Home Agent in the foreign domain?

8) Section 2.4, I don't think it is very clean, with regards to the
specification, to expect that the HA will be responsible of forwarding the
Session-Timeout, the Authorization-Lifetime, the MIP-FA-to-MN-Key and the
MIP-FA-to-HA-Key AVPs in the HAA. When I see those attributes in the HAA,
I always have to remind me that they are meaningless to the HAA, but only
meaningful to make easier the conversion of the HAA into a AMA in the AAAH,
which I consider not very useful anyway, since the AAAH still needs to check
that they have been included properly. Well, my opinion is that we should
remove them from there, since they are meaningless to the AAAH that receives
the HAA. 

Also, note that the Session-Timeout AVP is {} in the HAA, but [] in the HAR, 
which seems inconsistent. What the HA is supposed to put in there if not 
received in the HAR?

9) Section 2.4, the Filter-Rule and the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host AVPs should
be removed from the message format. They are not useful at all. Maybe they
could be in the message as *[AVP], which would mean that their presence is
not a problem, but not useful neither.

10) Section 3.1, can the HA return the DIAMETER_ERROR_HA_NOT_AVAILABLE 
when the can not provide the HA service? In that case, the AAAH, or 
the AAAF, would be responsible for allocating an other HA, if it had 
allocated it previously. That is the only reason why I would see the
DIAMETER_ERROR_NO_FOREIGN_HA_SERVICE useful, since the AAAH changes 
the DIAMETER_ERROR_NO_FOREIGN_HA_SERVICE into a 
DIAMETER_ERROR_HA_NOT_AVAILABLE when answering to the FA, as described 
in page 12.

11) If there is a problem in the HA or FA with the SPI generated by 
the AAAH or AAAF, how could that be reported?

12) Section 4.0, the Filter-Rule AVP should be referenced to section 
4.11 instead of 4.10. It should also be of type UTF8String, instead of 
OctetString. The thing is that there are 2 sections 4.10, which should 
be corrected. Also, the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host and MIP-Previous-FA-Host 
AVPs should be of type DiameterIdentity, instead of OctetString.

13) Section 4.7, the last paragraph, we should read "Only the AAAF may 
set the Foreign-Home-Agent-Available and Home-Agent-In-Foreign-Network 
flags to one."

14) Section 5.1, 4th par. last word, should be HAA instead of AMA.

15) Section 6.0, the MIP-Algorithm-Type and MIP-Replay-Mode AVPs should be
of type Enumeratedm instead of Unsigned32.

16) Whenever no MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in the AMR, can we
assume that the SPI generated by the AAAH or AAAF can be completely 
random or not? Why can't the HA decide the SPI itself?

Also, when a MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in the AMR, I guess 
that the FA has chosen a value that what not already already by any 
of the SAs, right? The thing is that it might not know the HA yet, 
i.e. the SA.

And as another mail in the ML, I've always been wondering if ever the
preferred-HA-MN-SPI would be useful or not? From our last discussions
on the subject, I thought it would be added, but it wasn't so clear.

17) Section 10.4 is no longer needed and should be completely deleted.

18) Section 6.2.7, should the SHA-1 algorithm be also added, as in the
aaa-key-06 draft? BTW, would it be better that the values assigned to
those algorithms match between the 2 drafts? The last comment also 
applies to the Replay-Mode.

19) Section 6.1, could you please explain to me what "The Mobile IP key
described in [15] refers to the AAA SPI, which MUST be set to the value
the AAAH shares with the Mobile Node." Are we talking about a 
pre-configured shared SPI, or a secret key? Can it dynamically change
or not? It is not clear to me how the AAA SPI can help in creating the
FA or HA Security Information. Could you please tell me more?

Best Regards,
Martin




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 13:44:51 2001
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Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 10:11:01 -0700 (PDT)
From: Joe Lau <jlau@cup.hp.com>
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To: Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-mobileip-06
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Hi,

> I have a few comments on the Mobile IPv4 Application draft-06.

Can someone tell me what is the difference between these two drafts:
	- <draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-06.txt> 
	   titled "Diameter Mobile IPv4 Application"
	   (this is not on the AAA WG)
and
	- <draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-04.txt>
           titled "Diameter Mobile IPv4 Extensions"
	   (this is on the AAA WG)

I am a bit confused.  I know I am behind on reading the AAA mails.

Thanks.

Joe


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 14:29:55 2001
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Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 11:05:53 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
Message-ID: <20010622110552.R14828@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

This is a much bigger issue than it seems. During yesterday's conference
call, we agreed with the items listed in this issue, but these raised
another sub-issue, which is that an explicit disconnect message is necessary
between peers. The reason being that if a node disconnects the transport
connection for a valid reason (e.g. insufficient resources), the last thing
it needs is the peer periodically attempting to re-connect. The way that
the draft is written, with the resilience and failover text, this is 
precisely what a node is to do when a disconnect occurs.

The issue listed the following, and my comments are included:
> - If multiple hosts listed for a given realm (redirect, relay, proxy), use 
> the same one for a given Session (either need to maintain Session state or 
> to use some hash function based on Session-ID) unless error occurs (and 
> then keep that one that works). 
This issue is handled in the transport draft, and does not really need to
be rehashed in the base spec.

> - Clarify if connections to peers are supposed to be opened at startup, or 
> when needed only. 

a new section was created to discuss this issue.

> - Clarify relationship of server discovery (SLP, DNS A, DNS SRV...) with 
> peer table and/or routing table. 

new text was added to the server discovery section.

> - move peer and routing table description earlier in the doc (somewhere in 
> 2.5 or 2.6). 

we agreed with this.

> - Clarify whether "on-demand" connections (e.g. Redirect-Host with 
> certificate) should timeout. 

this one is already taken care of in -06

> - refuse connection to oneself 

the group felt that this was an implementation issue, and must not be ruled out.

Given the above changes, and the inclusion of the disconnect message, a rather 
minor re-org of the document was necessary. In addition to moving some sections
around, I felt that the old sections 7 and 8 really had to do with dealing with
Diameter peers, and all peer related topics should be in a single section, which
is now section 6. I think this makes a whole lot of sense.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Here is the new table of contents (not shown here, but section 4 in the
table of contents was not aligned properly and has been fixed):

      [...]
      2.0  Protocol Overview
            2.1  Transport
                  2.1.1  SCTP Guidelines
            2.2  Securing Diameter Messages
            2.3  Diameter Protocol Extensibility
                  2.3.1  Defining new AVP Values
                  2.3.2  Creating new AVPs
                  2.3.3  Creating a new Diameter Applications
                  2.3.4  Application authentication procedures
            2.4  Diameter Application Compliance
            2.5  Application Identifiers
            2.6  Peer Table
            2.7  Realm-Based Routing Table
            2.8  Role of Diameter Agents
                  2.8.1  Relay Agents
                  2.8.2  Proxy Agents
                  2.8.3  Redirector Agents
                  2.8.4  Translation Agents
      [...]
      5.0  Diameter message processing
            5.1  Diameter request routing overview
                  5.1.1  Originating a Request
                  5.1.2  Sending a Request
                  5.1.3  Processing Local Requests
                  5.1.4  Request Forwarding
                  5.1.6  Request Routing
                  5.1.8  Redirecting requests
                  5.1.9  Relaying and Proxying Requests
            5.2  Diameter Answer Processing
                  5.2.1  Processing received Answers
                  5.2.2  Relaying and Proxying Answers
            5.3  Hiding Network Topology
            5.4  Origin-Host AVP
            5.5  Origin-Realm AVP
            5.6  Destination-Host AVP
            5.7  Destination-Realm AVP
            5.8  Routing AVPs
                  5.8.1  Route-Record AVP
                  5.8.2  Proxy-Info AVP
                  5.8.3  Proxy-Host AVP
                  5.8.4  Proxy-State AVP
            5.9  Auth-Application-Id AVP
            5.10 Acct-Application-Id AVP
            5.11 Vendor-Specific-Application-Id AVP
            5.12 Redirect-Host AVP
            5.13 Redirect-Host-Usage AVP
            5.14 Redirect-Max-Cache-Time AVP
      6.0  Diameter Peers
            6.1  Connecting to Peers
            6.2  Diameter Peer Discovery
            6.3  Capabilities Negotiation
                  6.3.1  Capabilities-Exchange-Request
                  6.3.2  Capabilities-Exchange-Answer
                  6.3.3  Vendor-Id AVP
                  6.3.4  Firmware-Revision AVP
                  6.3.5  Host-IP-Address AVP
                  6.3.6  Supported-Vendor-Id AVP
                  6.3.7  Product-Name AVP
            6.4  Disconnecting Peer connections
                  6.4.1  Disconnect-Peer-Request
                  6.4.2  Disconnect-Peer-Answer
                  6.4.3  Disconnect-Cause AVP
            6.5  Transport Failure Detection
                  6.5.1  Device-Watchdog-Request
                  6.5.2  Device-Watchdog-Answer
                  6.5.3  Failover/Failback Procedures
            6.6  Peer State Machine
                  6.6.1  Incoming connections
                  6.6.2  Events
                  6.6.3  Actions
                  6.6.4  The Election Process
       [...]


++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
I moved the peer and routing table up into section 2, as requested by this
issue. Furthermore, the addition of some text in the section that discusses
dynamic peer discovery (section 6.2) required the addition of new fields 
in the tables. Here is the next text:

2.6  Peer Table

   The Diameter Peer Table is used in message forwarding, and referenced
   by the Domain Routing Table. A Peer Table entry contains the
   following fields:
      [...]
      - Status. This is the state of the peer entry, and MUST match one
        of the values listed in section 6.6.
      - Role. This field specifies whether a peer is a primary,
        secondary or alternate.
      - Static or Dynamic. Specifies whether a peer entry was statically
        configured, or dynamically discovered.
      - Expiration time. Specifies the time which dynamically discovered
        peer table entries are to be either refreshed, or expired.
      [...]


2.7  Realm-Based Routing Table

   All Realm-Based routing lookups are performed against what is
   commonly known as the Domain Routing Table (see section 16.0). A
   Domain Routing Table Entry contains the following fields:
      [...]
      - Static or Dynamic. Specifies whether a route entry was
        statically configured, or dynamically discovered.
      - Expiration time. Specifies the time which dynamically discovered
        a route table entry expire.
      [...]

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Finally, there have been changes to section 6, which I list here. However,
I do want to bring up the fact that there is one open issue. The state
machine doesn't have a state for "suspect" peers, so the table in 6.1
shows "????" as the state. I believe that we need to have a state
in the state machine for suspect peers. Paul, any ideas?


6.0  Diameter Peers

   This section describes how a Diameter nodes establish connections and
   communicate with peers.


6.1  Peer Connections

   Although a Diameter node may have many possible peers that it is able
   to communicate with, it may not be economical to have an established
   connection to all of them. At a minimum, a Diameter node SHOULD have
   an established connection with a primary and secondary peer, and MAY
   have additional connections, if it is deemed necessary. However, when
   a connection with either the primary or secondary peer becomes
   questionable, a connection to an alternate peer SHOULD be
   established.  The questionable peer should then be removed from the
   primary/secondary list, and the new peer should be added to the list
   (see figure 6).

    +------------------------------+  +------------------------------+
    |  Peer  | Status  |    Role   |  |  Peer  | Status  |    Role   |
    +--------+---------+-----------+  +--------+---------+-----------+
    | peer A | Open    | Primary   |  | peer B | Open    | Primary   |
    | peer B | Open    | secondary |  | peer C | Open    | secondary |
    | peer C | Closed  | alternate |  | peer A | ????    | alternate |
    +------------------------------+  +------------------------------+
         A. prior to failure              B. following failure

    +------------------------------+  +------------------------------+
    |  Peer  | Status  |    Role   |  |  Peer  | Status  |    Role   |
    +--------+---------+-----------+  +--------+---------+-----------+
    | peer B | Open    | Primary   |  | peer B | Open    | Primary   |
    | peer C | Open    | secondary |  | peer C | Open    | secondary |
    | peer A | Open    | alternate |  | peer A | Closed  | alternate |
    +------------------------------+  +------------------------------+
      C1. Connection has stabilized     C2. Connection was terminated

                  Figure 6: Transitions of a Peer Table

   Figure 6 shows the sequence of changes made to a peer table following
   a network failure, causing the connection to peer A to become
   questionable. The following is a description of the steps.
      A.  Peers A and B are the current primary and secondary,
          respectively.  peer C is an alternate server, and no transport
          connection is established with it.
      B.  The connection to peer A becomes questionable, causing a
          connection to be established with peer C. Peer B is moved to
          primary, peer C to secondary and peer A as an alternate. if
          the connection to A stabilizes, the next event is C1,
          otherwise C2.
      C1. Three successful watchdog messages have been exchanged with
          peer A, and the connection is considered stabilized. The
          connection remains open, but the peer is still considered as
          an alternate.
      C2. The connection with peer A was shutdown, and peer A's state is
          changed to disconnected.


6.2  Diameter Peer Discovery

   [...]

   A dynamically discovered peer causes an entry in the Peer Table (see
   section 2.6) to be created. Note that entries created via DNS MUST
   expire (or be refreshed) within the DNS TTL. If a peer is discovered
   outside of the local realm, a routing table entry (see Section 2.7)
   for the peer's realm is created. The routing table entry's expiration
   MUST match the peer's expiration value.



6.3  Capabilities Exchange

   [...]

6.4  Disconnecting Peer connections

   When a Diameter node disconnects one its transport connections, its
   peer cannot know the reason for the disconnect, and will most likely
   assume that a connectivity problem occured, or that the peer has
   rebooted. In these cases, the peer may periodically attempt to
   reconnect, as stated in section 2.1. In the event that the disconnect
   was a result of either a shortage of internal resources, or simply
   that the node in question has no intentions of forwarding any
   Diameter messages to the peer in the foreseeable future, a periodic
   connection request would not be welcomed. The Disconnection-Reason
   AVP contains the reason the Diameter node issued the Disconnect-
   Peer-Request message.

   The Disconnect-Peer-Request message is used by a Diameter node to
   inform its peer of its intent to disconnect the transport layer, and
   that the peer shouldn't reconnect unless it has a valid reason to do
   so (e.g.  message to be forwarded). Upon receipt of the message, the
   Disconnect-Peer-Answer is returned, which SHOULD contain an error if
   messages have recently be forwarded, and are likely in flight, which
   would otherwise cause a race condition.

   The receiver of the Disconnect-Peer-Answer initiates the transport
   disconnect.


6.4.1  Disconnect-Peer-Request

   The Disconnect-Peer-Request (DPR), indicated by the Command-Code set
   to 282 and the Command Flags' 'R' bit set, is sent to a peer to
   inform its intentions to shutdown the transport connection.

   Message Format

      <Disconnect-Peer-Request>  ::= < Diameter Header: 282, REQ >
                                     { Origin-Host }
                                     { Origin-Realm }
                                     { Destination-Host }
                                     { Disconnect-Cause }


6.4.2  Disconnect-Peer-Answer

   The Disconnect-Peer-Answer (DPA), indicated by the Command-Code set
   to 282 and the Command Flags' 'R' bit cleared, is sent as a response
   to the Disconnect-Peer-Request message. Upon receipt of this message,
   the transport connection is shutdown.

   Message Format

      <Disconnect-Peer-Answer>  ::= < Diameter Header: 282 >
                                    { Result-Code }
                                    { Origin-Host }
                                    { Origin-Realm }
                                    { Destination-Host }

6.4.3  Disconnect-Cause AVP

   The Disconnect-Cause AVP (AVP Code 273) is of type Enumerated.  A
   Diameter node MUST include this AVP in the Disconnect-Peer-Request
   message to inform the peer of the reason for its intention to
   shutdown the transport connection. The following values are
   supported:

      REBOOTING                         0
         A scheduled reboot is imminent.

      BUSY                              1
         The peer's internal resources are constrained, and it has
         determined that the transport connection needs to be shutdown.

      DO_NOT_WANT_TO_TALK_TO_YOU        2
         The peer has determined that it does not see a need for the
         transport connection to exist, since it does not expect any
         messages to be exchanged in the foreseeable future.

   [...]


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 14:37:34 2001
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Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 11:26:38 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 81: Route-Record change
Message-ID: <20010622112638.S14828@charizard.diameter.org>
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Jacques,

I have been trying to address this issue, and I cannot for the life of
me, figure out how this is to be done. Your issue states that this
removes checking for loops when a packet is received, but I believe
that this is incorrect. 

I agree that including the peer's identity instead of your own could be
valuable, and this is done upon receipt as opposed to prior to forwarding
a message. However, loop checks much still be done, and it is better for
the check to be done when it is received, as opposed to prior to sending
(I think).

Here's what I came up with, but it doesn't match your description of 
what needs to be changed:

5.1.3  Receiving Requests

  A relay or proxy agent MUST check for forwarding loops when receiving
  requests. A loop is detected if the server finds its own identity in
  a Route-Record AVP. When such an event occurs, the agent MUST answer
  with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_LOOP_DETECTED.

[...]

5.1.10  Relaying and Proxying Requests

   A relay or proxy agent MUST append a Route-Record AVP to all requests
   forwarded. The AVP contains the identity of the peer the request was 
   received from.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 14:46:56 2001
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Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 11:35:48 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 79: Error Handling Editorial Changes
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	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010622103947.00c721d0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:23:07AM +0200
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On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:23:07AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I still think this is redundant with the 'P' bit. A message with 'R' clear 
> and 'P' clear is a non-proxiable answer, and thus something for local 
> processing. Then the combination of Command-Code and Result-Code will tell 
> the proxy/relay whether it's a CEA or a protocol error.

'P' and 'E' are different. A message with the 'E' bit set is still
proxiable, but the 'E' bit is an alert to agents that they should attempt
to take local action. However, if they cannot, they must proxy the 
answer.

> 
> Also, I think it would be wise to specify which combinations of the flag 
> bits are allowed, and what to do if an unallowed combination is received.

The text already does state this. The only rule is that the 'R' and the 'E'
bits cannot be set at the same time. See the text in 'E'.

So, if I understand your second comment, a new result code needs to be created
that states that conflicting bits are set in the header?

> 
> As an aside, I would like just for the record [I'm afraid many might feel 
> it's too late to make such radical changes :-(] to state that my favorite 
> option would be to separate a lot more explicitly the "protocol" part from 
> the "application" part (a bit like HTTP vs HTML or SMTP vs RFC822 e-mail, 
> etc). I think we are still way too close to the Radius model where we just 
> exchange messages on a link, and some happen to be local protocol things 
> and others are end-to-end application things. This is not really good for 
> the robustness and clarity of the protocol.


hmmmm.... why does it feel like we are flip-flopping :(

your comment has been noted.... moving on...

> 
> This would apply to command-codes (e.g. CER, CEA, DWR, DWA vs AAA, AAR, 
> etc.), error-codes, and AVPs (some AVPs are used for routing purposes, such 
> as Destination-Host, Destination-Realm, Route-Record..., and are comparable 
> to HTTP headers, while others are purely applicative, such as 
> Framed-IP-Address, User-Name or EAP-Message, and closer to HTML tags).
> 
> This would probably simplify a lot the ABNF, as all "Application" commands 
> would not be encumbered with all the "protocol" AVPs, too.

it certainly is possible to create new avps that do exactly the same thing
as those defined in the base, but I fail to see the logic in duplicate
functionality.

> 
> Note that though the changes are radical, it might not require to change 
> that much text, so it could still be done pretty quickly. Let me know if 
> anyone wants to pursue this [for some reason I doubt it :-(].

i doubt it, and would need additional clarifying information, like what exactly
are we talking about here.

PatC
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> At 02:01 22/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >All,
> >
> >during the call today, we agreed with Issue 79, that it wasn't necessary for
> >a new command code (Message-Reject-Answer) to be used when a protocol error
> >occurs. However, some folks wanted a simpler way to identify that a relay
> >needs to process the message other than parsing through it looking for the
> >Result-Code AVP. So, we decided that introducing the 'E' (error) bit in the
> >header was a very fast and easy way for relays to identify that local 
> >processing
> >of a message is necessary.
> >
> >Here is a portion of my proposed text (most of the changes is to replace the
> >term Message-Reject-Answer with something that states that an answer is 
> >returned
> >with the 'E' bit set).
> >
> >Comments appreciated,
> >
> >PatC
> >----
> >
> >3.0  Diameter Header
> >
> >    A summary of the Diameter header format is shown below. The fields
> >    are transmitted in network byte order.
> >
> >        0                   1                   2                   3
> >        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
> >       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       |      Ver      |                 Message Length                |
> >       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       |R P E r r r r r|                  Command-Code                 |
> >       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       |                           Vendor-ID                           |
> >       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       |                      Hop-by-Hop Identifier                    |
> >       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       |                      End-to-End Identifier                    |
> >       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
> >       |  AVPs ...
> >       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
> >
> >[...]
> >    Command Flags
> >       The Command Flags field is eight bits.  The following bits are
> >       assigned:
> >
> >          R(equest)   - If set, the message is a request. If cleared, the
> >                        message is an answer.
> >          P(roxiable) - If set, the message MAY be proxied. If cleared,
> >                        the message MUST be locally processed.
> >          E(rror)     - If set, the message contains a protocol error,
> >                        and the message will not conform to the ABNF
> >                        described for this command.  This bit MUST NOT be
> >                        set in request messages. See section x.x.
> >          r(eserved)  - this flag bit is reserved for future use, and
> >                        MUST be set to zero.
> >
> >[...]
> >3.2  Command Code ABNF specification
> >
> >[...]
> >       header           = "< Diameter-Header:" command-id [r-bit]
> >                            [p-bit] [e-bit] ">"
> >[...]
> >       e-bit            = ", ERR"
> >                           ; If present, the 'E' bit in the Command
> >                           ; Flags is set, indication that the answer
> >                           ; message contains a Result-Code AVP in
> >                           ; the "protocol error" class.
> >[...]
> >
> >9.2  Error Bit
> >
> >    The 'E' (Error Bit) in the Diameter header is set when the request
> >    caused a protocol-related error (see section 9.1.3).  When set, the
> >    answer message will not conform to the ABNF specification for the
> >    command, and will instead conform to the following ABNF:
> >
> >    Message Format
> >
> >       <answer-message> ::= < Diameter Header: code, ERR >
> >                            < Session-Id >
> >                            { Origin-Host }
> >                            { Origin-Realm }
> >                            { Result-Code }
> >                            { Destination-Host }
> >                            [ Origin-State-Id ]
> >                            [ Error-Reporting-Host ]
> >                          * [ AVP ]
> >
> >    Note that the code used in the header is the same that the one found
> >    in the request message, but with the 'R' bit cleared and the 'E' bit
> >    set.
> >
> >
> >Thanks,
> >
> >PatC
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 15:01:14 2001
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To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 88: Proposed Text for EAP Support Issues
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On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:23:56AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> I hadn't noticed that EAP actually used different command-codes from 
> regular AAA/AAR. In that case, maybe it should be an altogether different 
> application?

Although I do agree, the only issue I have is that both auth schemes end up
using the same authorization avps, so there'd be a whole lot of duplication :(

> 
> Another thing that came to mind while I was reading the Diameter Mobile IP 
> draft this week-end, is there any (existent/planned) interaction between 
> Mobile IP and EAP?

no.

PatC
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> At 19:52 19/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >All,
> >
> >I hadn't really noticed how bad this section needed some rev'ing up :(
> >I believe that I have address all of the concerns in this issue in
> >the following text:
> >
> >4.0  Extensible Authentication Protocol Support
> >
> >    The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), described in [25],
> >    provides a standard mechanism for support of extensible
> >    authentication methods. Through the use of EAP, support for a number
> >    of authentication schemes may be added, including smart and token
> >    cards, Kerberos, Public Key, One Time Passwords, and others.
> >
> >    This section describes the Command-Codes values and AVPs that are
> >    required for an EAP payload to be encapsulated within the Diameter
> >    protocol. Since authentication occurs between the EAP client and its
> >    home Diameter server, end-to-end authentication is achieved, reducing
> >    the possibility for fraudulent authentication, such as replay and
> >    man-in-the-middle attacks. End-to-end authentication also provides
> >    for mutual (bi-directional) authentication, which is not possible
> >    with PAP and CHAP in a roaming PPP environment.
> >
> >    The EAP conversation between the authenticating peer and the access
> >    device begins with the negotiation of EAP within a link layer, such
> >    as PPP or 802.1x. Once EAP has been negotiated, the access device
> >    will typically send to the Diameter server a Diameter-EAP-Request
> >    message with a NULL EAP-Payload AVP, signifying an EAP-Start. The
> >    Port number and the identity of the access device (e.g. Origin-Host
> >    or NAS-Identifier) MUST be included in the Diameter-EAP-Request
> >    message.
> >
> >    If the Diameter home server supports EAP, it MUST respond with a
> >    Diameter-EAP-Answer message containing an EAP-Payload AVP that
> >    includes an encapsulated EAP payload [25], and the Result-Code AVP
> >    set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, signifying that a subsequent
> >    request is expected. The EAP payload is forwarded by the access
> >    device to the EAP client.
> >
> >    The initial Diameter-EAP-Answer in a multi-round exchange normally
> >    includes an EAP-Request/Identity, requesting the EAP client to
> >    identify itself. Upon receipt of the EAP client's EAP-Response [25],
> >    the access device will then issue a second Diameter-EAP-Request
> >    message, with the client's EAP payload encapsulated within the EAP-
> >    Payload AVP.
> >
> >    A preferred approach is for the access device to issue the EAP-
> >    Request/Identity message to the EAP client, and forward the EAP-
> >    Response/Identity packet, encapsulated within the EAP-Payload AVP, as
> >    a Diameter-EAP-Request to the Diameter server. This alternative
> >    reduces the number of Diameter message round trips, and is compatible
> >    with roaming environments, since the Destination-Realm is needed by
> >    Diameter agents for routing purposes. Note that this alternative
> >    cannot be universally employed, as there are circumstances where a
> >    user's identity is not needed (such as when authorization occurs
> >    based on a calling or called phone number).
> >
> >    The conversation continues until the Diameter server sends a
> >    Diameter-EAP-Answer with a Result-Code AVP indicating success or
> >    failure, and an optional EAP-Payload. The Result-Code AVP is used by
> >    the access device to determine whether service is to be provided to
> >    the EAP client. The access device MUST NOT rely on the contents of
> >    the optional EAP-Payload to determine whether service is to be
> >    provided.
> >
> >    A Diameter-EAP-Answer message containing an EAP-Payload of type EAP-
> >    Success or EAP-Failure MUST NOT have the Result-Code AVP set to
> >    DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH.
> >
> >    If authorization was requested, a successful Diameter-EAP-Answer MUST
> >    also include the appropriate authorization AVPs required for the
> >    service requested (see sections 2.0, 6.0 and 7.0).
> >
> >    Unless the access device interprets the EAP-Response/Identity packet
> >    returned by the authenticating peer, it will not have access to the
> >    user's identity. Therefore, the Diameter Server SHOULD return the
> >    user's identity by inserting it in the User-Name attribute of
> >    subsequent Diameter-EAP-Answer packets. Without the user's identity,
> >    the Session-Id AVP MAY be used for accounting and billing, however
> >    operationally this MAY be very difficult to manage.
> >
> >    A home Diameter server MAY request EAP re-authentication by issuing
> >    the Re-Auth-Request [2] message to the Diameter client.
> >
> >    Should an EAP authentication session be interrupted due to a home
> >    server failure, the session MAY be directed to an alternate server,
> >    but the authentication session will have to be restarted from the
> >    beginning.
> >
> >    If a response is received with the Result-Code set to
> >    DIAMETER_COMMAND_UNSUPPORTED [2], it is an indication that the
> >    Diameter server in the home domain does not support EAP. If possible,
> >    the access device MAY attempt to negotiate another authentication
> >    protocol, such as PAP or CHAP. An access device SHOULD be cautious
> >    when determining whether a less secure authentication protocol will
> >    be used, since this could be a result of a bidding down attack.
> >
> >
> >[...]
> >
> >4.2.1  Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) Command
> >
> >    The Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) command, indicated by the Command-Code
> >    field set to 268 and the 'R' bit set in the Command Flags field, is
> >    sent by a Diameter client to a Diameter server and conveys an EAP-
> >    Response [25] from the EAP client. The Diameter-EAP-Request MUST
> >    contain one EAP-Payload AVP, which contains the actual EAP payload.
> >    An EAP-Payload AVP with no data MAY be sent to the Diameter server to
> >    initiate an EAP authentication session.
> >
> >    The DER message MAY be the result of a multi-round authentication
> >    exchange, which occurs when the DEA is received with the Result-Code
> >    AVP set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH. A subsequent DER message MUST
> >    include any State AVPs that were present in the DEA. For re-
> >    authentication, it is recommended that the Identity request be
> >    skipped in order to reduce the number of authentication round trips.
> >    This is only possible when the user's identity is already known by
> >    the home Diameter server.
> >
> >
> >    Message Format
> >
> >       <Diameter-EAP-Request> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, REQ, PXY >
> >                                  < Session-Id >
> >                                  { Auth-Application-Id }
> >                                  { Origin-Host }
> >                                  { Origin-Realm }
> >                                  { Destination-Realm }
> >                                  { Service-Type }
> >                                  { EAP-Payload }
> >                                  [ Destination-Host ]
> >                                  [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
> >                                  [ Session-Timeout ]
> >                                  [ User-Name ]
> >                                  [ Idle-Timeout ]
> >                                  [ NAS-IP-Address ]
> >                                  [ NAS-Identifier ]
> >                                  [ State ]
> >                                  [ Origin-State-Id ]
> >                                  [ NAS-Key-Binding ]
> >                                * [ AVP ]
> >                                * [ Proxy-Info ]
> >                                * [ Route-Record ]
> >
> >
> >4.2.2  Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) Command
> >
> >    The Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) message, indicated by the Command-Code
> >    field set to 268 and the 'R' bit cleared in the Command Flags field,
> >    is sent by the Diameter server to the client for one of the following
> >    reasons:
> >
> >       1) The message is part of a multi-round authentication exchange,
> >          and the server is expecting a subsequent Diameter-EAP-Request.
> >          This is indicated by setting the Result-Code to
> >          DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, and MAY include zero or more State
> >          AVPs.
> >       2) the EAP client has been successfully authenticated and
> >          authorized, in which case the message MUST include the Result-
> >          Code AVP indicating success, and SHOULD include an EAP-Payload
> >          of type EAP-Success.  This event MUST cause the access device
> >          to provide service to the EAP client.
> >       3) The EAP client has not been successfully authenticated and/or
> >          authorized, and the Result-Code AVP is set to indicate failure.
> >          This message MAY include an EAP-Payload, but this AVP is not
> >          used to determine whether service is to be provided.
> >
> >    If the message from the Diameter client included a request for
> >    authorization, a successful response MUST include the authorization
> >    AVPs that are relevant to the service being provided.
> >
> >    Message Format
> >
> >       <Diameter-EAP-Answer> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, PXY >
> >                                 < Session-Id >
> >                                 { Auth-Application-Id }
> >                                 { Result-Code }
> >                                 { Origin-Host }
> >                                 { Origin-Realm }
> >                                 { Destination-Host }
> >                                 { Service-Type }
> >                                 [ Error-Reporting-Host ]
> >                                 [ EAP-Payload ]
> >                                 [ User-Name ]
> >                                 [ Idle-Timeout ]
> >                                 [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
> >                                 [ Session-Timeout ]
> >                                 [ Origin-State-Id ]
> >                               * [ NAS-Session-Key ]
> >                               * [ AVP ]
> >                               * [ Proxy-Info ]
> >                               * [ Route-Record ]
> >
> >
> >4.3  EAP-Payload AVP
> >
> >    The EAP-Payload AVP (AVP Code 402) is of type OctetString and is used
> >    to encapsulate the actual EAP payload [25] that is being exchanged
> >    between the EAP client and the home Diameter server.
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 15:14:38 2001
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To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 81: Route-Record change
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Pat, presumably actual loops will be very rare and only persist until
a misconfiguration is corrected.  Thus it does no harm at all, imho,
to defer the check until one is about to forward the request.  That
way, the check is always done against ones own identity, with no
risk of encoding differences leading to false negatives.  It really
should not take half a page to express the equality-comparison
algorithm for Diameter identities, nor should one have to convert
every item in the recorded route to canonical form to do the comparison.

A server or any entity that is going to answer the request does not
need to do the loop check, as there is no risk of the loop's being
perpetuated.

Barney

On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:26:38AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> I agree that including the peer's identity instead of your own could be
> valuable, and this is done upon receipt as opposed to prior to forwarding
> a message. However, loop checks much still be done, and it is better for
> the check to be done when it is received, as opposed to prior to sending
> (I think).


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 17:28:07 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: MIP-MN-HA-Preferred-SPI  in AA-Mobile-Node-Request ?
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On Thu, Jun 21, 2001 at 04:01:24PM -0500, Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 wrote:
> Hi Pat,
> 
> Shouldn't the AA-Mobile-Node-Request in
> draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-06.txt
> also include a MIP-MN-HA-Preferred-SPI AVP, to be sent to AAAH when the
> MN-HA
> Key Request From AAA subtype is present in the Registration Request?
yes, it should, and will in the next revision.

PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 17:55:16 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
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> I have a few comments on the Mobile IPv4 Application draft-06.
> If you believe that some of those worth an official issue,
> then let me know. I must say that it is definitely the best MIP-app
> draft I've seen so far, and I'm quite happy about it. Thanks!

thank you!

> 
> 1) Section 1.2, on top of page 7, I was wondering if it would be better
> to use the DIAMETER_ERROR_AUTH_FAILURE defined in the MIP draft,
> or to re-use the one already defined in the Base draft? The one in the
> Base could possibly be more generic, what do you think?

I agree, and an issue should be opened. btw, it would only be
necessary to open a single issue emcompassing all of your
editorial comments (reduces the work load on both you and me (the
web page editor :)

> 2) Section 2.1, I guess we could mention that the MN-AAA
> Authentication Extension information is carried by the
> (MIP-MN-AAA-Auth AVP), and that the Foreign Agent Challenge
> Extension information by the (MIP-FA-Challenge AVP).

that would be useful.

> 3) Section 2.1, I don't think the paragraph starting with
> "If the MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP...." is still applicable
> in this draft. Can that AVP be useful at all in the current
> solution proposed in the draft? At least, I don't see how
> we could make use of that MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP in the 
> AAAH and the AAAF. Is it for future considerations?

I am not sure. Others?

> 
> Furthermore, I thought we had agreed that the User-Name
> was not enough for the purpose of retrieving keys in the AAAF,
> but would rather require the User-Name, the Home-Address and
> the Home-Agent?

That rings a bell. I may have missed that one.

> 
> 4) Section 2.1, in the message format, I am questionning the
> necessity of the MIP-Previous-FA-Host and MIP-Previous-FA-Addr AVPs.

right, again, not sure. Perhaps this one should actually be a separate
issue from the editorial ones.

> 
> 5) Section 2.2, the command-code should be 260, instead of 261.
> 
> 6) Section 2.2, in the message format, should the
> MIP-HA-to-FA-Key AVP be included as [], in the case where the
> the Multi-Round-Auth is used?

hmmmm.... agreed.

> 
> 7) Section 2.3, could we add the [MIP-Feature-Vector] as a possible
> AVP of the HAR message, since I see it very useful in the case where
> the AAAF needs to allocate an Home Agent in the foreign domain?

yes, I agree.

> 
> 8) Section 2.4, I don't think it is very clean, with regards to the
> specification, to expect that the HA will be responsible of forwarding the
> Session-Timeout, the Authorization-Lifetime, the MIP-FA-to-MN-Key and the
> MIP-FA-to-HA-Key AVPs in the HAA. When I see those attributes in the HAA,
> I always have to remind me that they are meaningless to the HAA, but only
> meaningful to make easier the conversion of the HAA into a AMA in the AAAH,
> which I consider not very useful anyway, since the AAAH still needs to check
> that they have been included properly. Well, my opinion is that we should
> remove them from there, since they are meaningless to the AAAH that receives
> the HAA. 

ok. A few revisions of the base protocol base, less state was required on
the AAAH. Nowadays, though, I agree that the AAAH can easily keep this
state information (or add it to Proxy-State if it really wants to).

> 
> Also, note that the Session-Timeout AVP is {} in the HAA, but [] in the HAR, 
> which seems inconsistent. What the HA is supposed to put in there if not 
> received in the HAR?

oops

> 
> 9) Section 2.4, the Filter-Rule and the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host AVPs should
> be removed from the message format. They are not useful at all. Maybe they
> could be in the message as *[AVP], which would mean that their presence is
> not a problem, but not useful neither.

well, we could, but it is sort-of useful to the implementor to know what
to expect in a message. I suspect that filters will unfortunately be more
frequent than we want to admit :(

> 
> 10) Section 3.1, can the HA return the DIAMETER_ERROR_HA_NOT_AVAILABLE 
> when the can not provide the HA service? In that case, the AAAH, or 
> the AAAF, would be responsible for allocating an other HA, if it had 
> allocated it previously. That is the only reason why I would see the
> DIAMETER_ERROR_NO_FOREIGN_HA_SERVICE useful, since the AAAH changes 
> the DIAMETER_ERROR_NO_FOREIGN_HA_SERVICE into a 
> DIAMETER_ERROR_HA_NOT_AVAILABLE when answering to the FA, as described 
> in page 12.

I would much prefer that DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY be returned by an HA to state
that it cannot handle the request, and an alternative should be assigned.
The error in question should only be used when a specific server is
requested, and it cannot be assigned.

> 
> 11) If there is a problem in the HA or FA with the SPI generated by 
> the AAAH or AAAF, how could that be reported?

reported by whom? The HA? Or one of the AAA servers?

> 
> 12) Section 4.0, the Filter-Rule AVP should be referenced to section 
> 4.11 instead of 4.10. It should also be of type UTF8String, instead of 
> OctetString. The thing is that there are 2 sections 4.10, which should 
> be corrected. Also, the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host and MIP-Previous-FA-Host 
> AVPs should be of type DiameterIdentity, instead of OctetString.

right, well Filter-Rule is now a sub-type, so this will change. The
references, though, do need to be fixed.

> 
> 13) Section 4.7, the last paragraph, we should read "Only the AAAF may 
> set the Foreign-Home-Agent-Available and Home-Agent-In-Foreign-Network 
> flags to one."

right.
> 
> 14) Section 5.1, 4th par. last word, should be HAA instead of AMA.

correct.

> 
> 15) Section 6.0, the MIP-Algorithm-Type and MIP-Replay-Mode AVPs should be
> of type Enumeratedm instead of Unsigned32.

correct.

> 
> 16) Whenever no MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in the AMR, can we
> assume that the SPI generated by the AAAH or AAAF can be completely 
> random or not? Why can't the HA decide the SPI itself?

There's no reason why, really :(

> 
> Also, when a MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in the AMR, I guess 
> that the FA has chosen a value that what not already already by any 
> of the SAs, right? The thing is that it might not know the HA yet, 
> i.e. the SA.
> 
> And as another mail in the ML, I've always been wondering if ever the
> preferred-HA-MN-SPI would be useful or not? From our last discussions
> on the subject, I thought it would be added, but it wasn't so clear.

right, and I've agreed with that comment just minutes ago :)

> 
> 17) Section 10.4 is no longer needed and should be completely deleted.

correct

> 
> 18) Section 6.2.7, should the SHA-1 algorithm be also added, as in the
> aaa-key-06 draft? BTW, would it be better that the values assigned to
> those algorithms match between the 2 drafts? The last comment also 
> applies to the Replay-Mode.

yes, but it really don't matter if there isn't a match. If you think it
would be useful, include it in your issue.

> 
> 19) Section 6.1, could you please explain to me what "The Mobile IP key
> described in [15] refers to the AAA SPI, which MUST be set to the value
> the AAAH shares with the Mobile Node." Are we talking about a 
> pre-configured shared SPI, or a secret key? Can it dynamically change
> or not? It is not clear to me how the AAA SPI can help in creating the
> FA or HA Security Information. Could you please tell me more?

I'd love to explain it, but that would require that I first understand it :(

I believe that what I had originally intended to state here is that the
values created are used in a particular field of the MIP AAA key in [15].
This needs some major cleaning up.

Thanks,

PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 18:08:45 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-mobileip-06
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On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 10:11:01AM -0700, Joe Lau wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> > I have a few comments on the Mobile IPv4 Application draft-06.
> 
> Can someone tell me what is the difference between these two drafts:
> 	- <draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-06.txt> 
> 	   titled "Diameter Mobile IPv4 Application"
> 	   (this is not on the AAA WG)
> and
> 	- <draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-mobileip-04.txt>
>            titled "Diameter Mobile IPv4 Extensions"
> 	   (this is on the AAA WG)

The version numbers are different (hence -06 is more recent than -04),
and we decided that the use of Application is much more appropriate 
in this particular instance than would extension. So in short, just
a new version of the old document.

Hope this helps,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 22 18:19:50 2001
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From: Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 <panos.thomas@motorola.com>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Re: Comments on draft-mobileip-06
Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2001 17:19:37 -0500
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>> 3) Section 2.1, I don't think the paragraph starting with
>> "If the MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP...." is still applicable
>> in this draft. Can that AVP be useful at all in the current
>> solution proposed in the draft? At least, I don't see how
>> we could make use of that MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP in the 
>> AAAH and the AAAF. Is it for future considerations?
>
>I am not sure. Others?

MIP/Fast interdomain handoffs?

-Panos


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Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 11:37:54 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 81: Route-Record change
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 20:26 22/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>Jacques,
>
>I have been trying to address this issue, and I cannot for the life of
>me, figure out how this is to be done. Your issue states that this
>removes checking for loops when a packet is received, but I believe
>that this is incorrect.

Nope, it says it removes the check that the last route-record must contain 
the same identity as that advertised by the host in a CER/CEA on that 
connection.

Loop checking must still be done at some point. Either you check all the 
route record against your identity on reception, or you check against the 
peer you're going to send it to before sending. I think the former is better.

>I agree that including the peer's identity instead of your own could be
>valuable, and this is done upon receipt as opposed to prior to forwarding
>a message. However, loop checks much still be done, and it is better for
>the check to be done when it is received, as opposed to prior to sending
>(I think).

Yep.

>Here's what I came up with, but it doesn't match your description of
>what needs to be changed:
>
>5.1.3  Receiving Requests
>
>   A relay or proxy agent MUST check for forwarding loops when receiving
>   requests. A loop is detected if the server finds its own identity in
>   a Route-Record AVP. When such an event occurs, the agent MUST answer
>   with the Result-Code AVP set to DIAMETER_LOOP_DETECTED.
>
>[...]
>
>5.1.10  Relaying and Proxying Requests
>
>    A relay or proxy agent MUST append a Route-Record AVP to all requests
>    forwarded. The AVP contains the identity of the peer the request was
>    received from.

Looks good to me.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 23 06:06:32 2001
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Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 12:01:58 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 79: Error Handling Editorial Changes
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 20:35 22/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:23:07AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > I still think this is redundant with the 'P' bit. A message with 'R' clear
> > and 'P' clear is a non-proxiable answer, and thus something for local
> > processing. Then the combination of Command-Code and Result-Code will tell
> > the proxy/relay whether it's a CEA or a protocol error.
>
>'P' and 'E' are different. A message with the 'E' bit set is still
>proxiable, but the 'E' bit is an alert to agents that they should attempt
>to take local action. However, if they cannot, they must proxy the
>answer.

I think in both cases the messages calls for local action. In some cases, 
the local action might be to forward it further downstream...

> > Also, I think it would be wise to specify which combinations of the flag
> > bits are allowed, and what to do if an unallowed combination is received.
>
>The text already does state this. The only rule is that the 'R' and the 'E'
>bits cannot be set at the same time. See the text in 'E'.

What about P with the other ones?

>So, if I understand your second comment, a new result code needs to be created
>that states that conflicting bits are set in the header?

Yep.

> > This would probably simplify a lot the ABNF, as all "Application" commands
> > would not be encumbered with all the "protocol" AVPs, too.
>
>it certainly is possible to create new avps that do exactly the same thing
>as those defined in the base, but I fail to see the logic in duplicate
>functionality.

No, the idea is to separate them. I.e, no need to put all the 
"Route-Record", "Destination-Host", "Destination-Realm", "Proxy-State" and 
any other routing-related stuff in the ANBF for AAA/AAR. So you can change 
more easily all the routing part without having to touch all possible 
application commands.

It makes it easier also for proxies/relays that have to understand some 
AVPs (e.g. Session-Timeout) to know which ones they're supposed to know how 
to handle or not.

> > Note that though the changes are radical, it might not require to change
> > that much text, so it could still be done pretty quickly. Let me know if
> > anyone wants to pursue this [for some reason I doubt it :-(].
>
>i doubt it, and would need additional clarifying information, like what 
>exactly
>are we talking about here.

Well, it's a matter of separating the Diameter protocol in two layers: one 
which takes care of communication over a local link, and one which is 
end-to-end communication.

On a local link, one could exchange the following messages:
- Capabilities-Advertisement
- Device-Watchdog
- Termination-Request
- Protocol-Error
- Application-C2S-Request
- Application-S2C-Request
- Aplication-Answer

[C2S and S2C mean Client-to-Server and Server-to-client, respectively].

Each of those messages would contain AVPs related to their function, in a 
local context. The two Application-*-Requests would contain 
Destination-Realm/Host and Route-Record AVPs, and an "Application-Data" 
grouped AVP that would contain the actual end-to-end command and AVPs. 
Application-Answer could contain just that AVP.

To make extension simpler, the local link command types should have a bit 
structure that makes it easy for an agent to understand what type of 
command is which. Note that for requests, I would also include the type of 
request (auth, accounting...), as proxies that maintain session state need 
to be able to interpret them.

I'm trying to put all that into some clear text, I'll send it as soon as I can.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 23 06:06:52 2001
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Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 12:05:57 +0200
To: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 81: Route-Record change
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 21:14 22/06/01, Barney Wolff wrote:
>Pat, presumably actual loops will be very rare and only persist until
>a misconfiguration is corrected.  Thus it does no harm at all, imho,
>to defer the check until one is about to forward the request.  That
>way, the check is always done against ones own identity, with no
>risk of encoding differences leading to false negatives.  It really
>should not take half a page to express the equality-comparison
>algorithm for Diameter identities, nor should one have to convert
>every item in the recorded route to canonical form to do the comparison.

Again, I think it should be stated that any DiameterIdentities used in all 
the loop-checking activities MUST be the value advertised in Origin-Host in 
CER/CEA, and should be treated as an opaque string. Then pure string 
matching (strcmp) would be enough.

>A server or any entity that is going to answer the request does not
>need to do the loop check, as there is no risk of the loop's being
>perpetuated.

There are issues with redirects, I think.

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 23 06:06:57 2001
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Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 12:03:37 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 88: Proposed Text for EAP Support Issues
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010622114927.U14828@charizard.diameter.org>
References: <4.3.2.7.2.20010619210420.00c19180@pop.mail.yahoo.com>
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At 20:49 22/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:23:56AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > I hadn't noticed that EAP actually used different command-codes from
> > regular AAA/AAR. In that case, maybe it should be an altogether different
> > application?
>
>Although I do agree, the only issue I have is that both auth schemes end up
>using the same authorization avps, so there'd be a whole lot of duplication :(

Nothing prevents two applications from sharing the same AVPs (quite the 
contrary actually). Note that I didn't say two drafts, just two 
applications (for capabilities advertisement purposes).

> > Another thing that came to mind while I was reading the Diameter Mobile IP
> > draft this week-end, is there any (existent/planned) interaction between
> > Mobile IP and EAP?
>
>no.

Interesting...

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 23 13:47:52 2001
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Date: Sat, 23 Jun 2001 19:47:40 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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Hi,

Good work. Some comments, though:

- The reorg of the different sections looks good, but I would also move the 
new section 6 before section 5, actually. One starts by establishing 
connections to peers before routing packets around.

BTW, another sub-issue (a bit related to the other discussion I started 
about separating more the protocol from the applications) is that protocol 
messages (such as CER, DWR, etc.) should either not be in the pending 
request list, or explicitly not sent to alternate peers in case of failure 
of a connection, of course... Actually, I think most protocol messages 
(local to a connection) don't need the ack (delivery is guaranteed by the 
underlying transport, unless the connection is lost and then the message 
doesn't make sense any more), so don't need the R/A paradigm, and don't 
need to be saved to the pending request queue. I really need to propose 
some text along the lines of that separation of protocol and applications...

- in your description of the peer table, it looks too much like you only 
have one default realm and a set of peers (as would be the case on most 
NASes). There might be multiple different primary/backup peers for 
different realms, and a given peer might serve multiple realms and have 
different roles (primary/backup/etc.) for each realm. I think this 
information belongs in the routing table rather than in the peer table.

- the concept of "questionable" or "suspect" peers with a reliable 
transport underneath is quite intriguing to me?

- for all the stuff that is in the transport draft: I had understood that 
draft was actually just recommendations about what should be present in AAA 
protocols (and specifically Diameter), but that the AAA protocol definition 
was to include whatever is necessary to meet these recommandations?

I'll probably have some more coming up once I digest the changes :-/

Jacques.


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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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Pat,

At 11:05 AM 6/22/01 -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>Finally, there have been changes to section 6, which I list here. However,
>I do want to bring up the fact that there is one open issue. The state
>machine doesn't have a state for "suspect" peers, so the table in 6.1
>shows "????" as the state. I believe that we need to have a state
>in the state machine for suspect peers. Paul, any ideas?

I assume you mean by "suspect" peer one whose watchdog timer has 
finally elapsed without a response?

If I remember correctly from the interim meeting, when the watchdog 
finally elapses without a response, we don't actually close the connection 
(since the transport will do that if it's truly broken); we just try to use 
alternate peers instead. (Is that right?)

While there is text that describes Tw and when to reset the watchdog 
timer, there is no text that describes when you decide that the connection 
is suspect.

To handle the entire watchdog algorithm in the state machine would 
lead to a lot of complexity. Instead, what if watchdogs were removed 
from the state machine and the "Transport Failure Detection" section were 
expanded to more fully describe the algorithm and when the connection 
is deemed suspect, how it can redeem itself, etc.? 

Another question that needs clarification: Once a connection becomes 
suspect, in addition to connecting to alternate peers, is the Diameter 
node expected to failover pending requests? Or is it supposed to do 
this only upon actual disconnect? Currently, the "Failover/Failback 
Procedures" section speaks of transport failures only.

Paul

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



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From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>,
        "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 89: Editorial comments - Mobile-IP draft-06
Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 10:04:07 +0200
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Submitter name: Martin Julien
Submitter email address: martin.julien@ericsson.com
Date first submitted: 25-Jun-2001
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01446.html
Document: mobileip-06
Comment type: E
Priority: 1
Section:  2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1, 4.0, 4.7, 5.1, 6.0, 10.4
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Requested change:

> > 1) Section 1.2, on top of page 7, I was wondering if it would be better
> > to use the DIAMETER_ERROR_AUTH_FAILURE defined in the MIP draft,
> > or to re-use the one already defined in the Base draft? The one in the
> > Base could possibly be more generic, what do you think?
>
> I agree, and an issue should be opened.

I think it would make more sense, since there is already an authentication
error in the Base that seems, at this point, only used for the NASREQ app.

> > 2) Section 2.1, I guess we could mention that the MN-AAA
> > Authentication Extension information is carried by the
> > (MIP-MN-AAA-Auth AVP), and that the Foreign Agent Challenge
> > Extension information by the (MIP-FA-Challenge AVP).
>
> that would be useful.
>
> > 5) Section 2.2, the command-code should be 260, instead of 261.
> >
> > 6) Section 2.2, in the message format, should the
> > MIP-HA-to-FA-Key AVP be included as [], in the case where the
> > the Multi-Round-Auth is used?
>
> hmmmm.... agreed.
>
> > 7) Section 2.3, could we add the [MIP-Feature-Vector] as a possible
> > AVP of the HAR message, since I see it very useful in the case where
> > the AAAF needs to allocate an Home Agent in the foreign domain?
>
> yes, I agree.
>
> > 8) Section 2.4, I don't think it is very clean, with regards to the
> > specification, to expect that the HA will be responsible of
> forwarding the
> > Session-Timeout, the Authorization-Lifetime, the
> MIP-FA-to-MN-Key and the
> > MIP-FA-to-HA-Key AVPs in the HAA. When I see those attributes
> in the HAA,
> > I always have to remind me that they are meaningless to the
> HAA, but only
> > meaningful to make easier the conversion of the HAA into a AMA in the
> AAAH,
> > which I consider not very useful anyway, since the AAAH still needs to
> check
> > that they have been included properly. Well, my opinion is that
> we should
> > remove them from there, since they are meaningless to the AAAH that
> receives
> > the HAA.
>
> ok. A few revisions of the base protocol base, less state was required on
> the AAAH. Nowadays, though, I agree that the AAAH can easily keep this
> state information (or add it to Proxy-State if it really wants to).
>
> > Also, note that the Session-Timeout AVP is {} in the HAA, but [] in the
> HAR,
> > which seems inconsistent. What the HA is supposed to put in there if not
> > received in the HAR?
>
> oops
>
> > 9) Section 2.4, the Filter-Rule and the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host
> AVPs should
> > be removed from the message format. They are not useful at all.
> Maybe they
> > could be in the message as *[AVP], which would mean that their
> presence is
> > not a problem, but not useful neither.
>
> well, we could, but it is sort-of useful to the implementor to know what
> to expect in a message. I suspect that filters will unfortunately be more
> frequent than we want to admit :(

Yes, but why is it useful in the HAA? Can the HA return a different
Filter-Rule AVP than the one received in the HAR? If not, then I don't
see any added value of having that AVP in the HAA.

> > 10) Section 3.1, can the HA return the DIAMETER_ERROR_HA_NOT_AVAILABLE
> > when the can not provide the HA service? In that case, the AAAH, or
> > the AAAF, would be responsible for allocating an other HA, if it had
> > allocated it previously. That is the only reason why I would see the
> > DIAMETER_ERROR_NO_FOREIGN_HA_SERVICE useful, since the AAAH changes
> > the DIAMETER_ERROR_NO_FOREIGN_HA_SERVICE into a
> > DIAMETER_ERROR_HA_NOT_AVAILABLE when answering to the FA, as described
> > in page 12.
>
> I would much prefer that DIAMETER_TOO_BUSY be returned by an HA to state
> that it cannot handle the request, and an alternative should be assigned.
> The error in question should only be used when a specific server is
> requested, and it cannot be assigned.

OK, then could we add your last sentence in the description of the error?

> > 12) Section 4.0, the Filter-Rule AVP should be referenced to section
> > 4.11 instead of 4.10. It should also be of type UTF8String, instead of
> > OctetString. The thing is that there are 2 sections 4.10, which should
> > be corrected. Also, the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host and MIP-Previous-FA-Host
> > AVPs should be of type DiameterIdentity, instead of OctetString.
>
> right, well Filter-Rule is now a sub-type, so this will change. The
> references, though, do need to be fixed.
>
> > 13) Section 4.7, the last paragraph, we should read "Only the AAAF may
> > set the Foreign-Home-Agent-Available and Home-Agent-In-Foreign-Network
> > flags to one."
>
> right.
>
> > 14) Section 5.1, 4th par. last word, should be HAA instead of AMA.
>
> correct.
>
> > 15) Section 6.0, the MIP-Algorithm-Type and MIP-Replay-Mode
> AVPs should be
> > of type Enumeratedm instead of Unsigned32.
>
> correct.
>
> > 17) Section 10.4 is no longer needed and should be completely deleted.
>
> correct
>
> Thanks,
>
> PatC
>




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 04:05:35 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
References: <20010619082248.B17928@charizard.diameter.org>
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Hi,

Where would directives about the use of NAT and state-full inspection of
filter rules go? 

/jonas

Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> All,
> 
> Below is the proposed text, but I still haven't received any input on
> whether this was an acceptable change.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> PatC
> ----
> 4.4  Derived AVP Data Formats
> 
> [...]
>       FilterRule
>          The Filter-Rule format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
>          Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>          requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
>          on the following information that is associated with it:
> 
>             Direction                          (in or out)
>             Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
>             Protocol
>             Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
>             TCP flags
>             IP fragment flag
>             IP options
>             ICMP types
> 
>          Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
>          with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
>          packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
>          dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
>          the last rule was a deny.
> 
>          The filters in the Filter-Rule AVP MUST follow the format:
> 
>             action dir proto from src to dst [options]
> 
>             action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
>                          deny - Drop packets that match the rule.
> 
>             dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
>                          terminal.
> 
>             proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
>                          keyword means any protocol will match.
> 
>             src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
> 
>                          The <address/mask> may be specified as:
>                          ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
>                                     quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
>                                     this exact IP number will match the
>                                     rule.
>                          ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
>                                     width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
>                                     this case all IP numbers from
>                                     1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
>                                     The bit width MUST be valid for the
>                                     IP version and the IP number MUST
>                                     NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
> 
>                          The sense of the match can be inverted by
>                          preceding an address with the not modifier,
>                          causing all other addresses to be matched
>                          instead.  This does not affect the selection of
>                          port numbers.
> 
>                             The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
>                             equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
>                             address or set of addresses assigned to the
>                             terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
>                             ip !assigned".
> 
>                          With the TCP and UDP protocols, optional ports
>                          may be specified as:
> 
>                             {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
> 
>                          The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
>                          (including boundaries).
> 
>                          Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
>                          (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
>                          a rule which has one or more port
>                          specifications.  See the frag option for
>                          details on matching fragmented packets.
> 
>             options:
>                frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
>                        the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
>                        be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
>                        TCP/UDP port specifications.
> 
>                ipoptions spec
>                        Match if the IP header contains the comma
>                        separated list of options specified in spec. The
>                        supported IP options are:
> 
>                        ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
>                        route), rr (record packet route) and ts
>                        (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
>                        may be denoted with a `!'.
> 
>                tcpoptions spec
>                        Match if the TCP header contains the comma
>                        separated list of options specified in spec. The
>                        supported TCP options are:
> 
>                        mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
>                        advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
>                        timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
>                        count).  The absence of a particular option may
>                        be denoted with a `!'.
> 
>                established
>                        TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
>                        or ACK bits set.
> 
>                setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
>                        bit set but no ACK bit.
> 
>                tcpflags spec
>                        TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
>                        contains the comma separated list of flags
>                        specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:
> 
>                        fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
>                        particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
>                        which contains a tcpflags specification can never
>                        match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
>                        offset.  See the frag option for details on
>                        matching fragmented packets.
> 
>                icmptypes types
>                        ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
>                        the list types. The list may be specified as any
>                        combination of ranges or individual types
>                        separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
>                        are:
> 
>                        echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
>                        source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
>                        (8), router advertisement (9), router
>                        solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
>                        header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
>                        timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
>                        information reply (16), address mask request (17)
>                        and address mask reply (18).
> 
>          There is one kind of packet that the NAS MUST always discard,
>          that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.  This is
>          a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to circumvent
>          firewalls.
> 
>             A NAS that is unable to interpret or apply a deny rule MUST
>             terminate the session.  A NAS that is unable to interpret or
>             apply a permit rule MAY apply a more restrictive rule.  A
>             NAS MAY apply deny rules of its own before the supplied
>             rules, for example to protect the NAS owner's
>             infrastructure.
> 
>          The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
>          and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
>          implementations.


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From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Cc: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 90: MIP-Previous-XXX AVP
Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 10:05:27 +0200
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Submitter name: Martin Julien
Submitter email address: martin.julien@ericsson.com 
Date first submitted: 25-Jun-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01446.html 
Document: mobileip-06
Comment type: T
Priority: 2
Section: 2.1, 4.5, 4.6, 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

Requested change: 

> > 3) Section 2.1, I don't think the paragraph starting with
> > "If the MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP...." is still applicable
> > in this draft. Can that AVP be useful at all in the current
> > solution proposed in the draft? At least, I don't see how
> > we could make use of that MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP in the 
> > AAAH and the AAAF. Is it for future considerations?
> 
> I am not sure. Others?
> 

Thomas Panagiotis commented: "MIP/Fast interdomain handoffs?"

I agree that it could be useful for that, but in the actual draft,
that is not supported, AFAIK. So, I think it should either be removed,
since there is no clear defined use for it at this point, or be
kept with some kind of explanations how it can be useful in the
AAAF or AAAH. 

Based on the draft, the AAAF and AAAH already have
access to the User-Name, the MIP-Home-Agent-Address and 
MIP-Mobile-Node-Address, which I think is enough to get access to 
the stored MN-FA and FA-HA keys, if needed in the AAAF. Of course
that it means that the AAAF needs to be stateful, but is there any
other way of handling this? 

One way we could be using the MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP,
would possibly be to make the AAAF stateless, which could possibly invoke
the Session-Abort message towards the Previous-FA. Would it be a
valid interpretation of that AVP or not? Does it make any sense?

> > Furthermore, I thought we had agreed that the User-Name
> > was not enough for the purpose of retrieving keys in the AAAF,
> > but would rather require the User-Name, the Home-Address and
> > the Home-Agent?
> 
> That rings a bell. I may have missed that one.
> 
> > 4) Section 2.1, in the message format, I am questionning the
> > necessity of the MIP-Previous-FA-Host and MIP-Previous-FA-Addr AVPs.
> 
> right, again, not sure. Perhaps this one should actually be a separate
> issue from the editorial ones.
>
>
> PatC
>




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Message-ID: <577066326047D41180AC00508B955DDA04D1A9C8@eestqnt104.es.eu.ericsson.se>
From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'pcalhoun@diameter.org'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Cc: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 91: MIP SPI
Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 11:10:13 +0200
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Submitter name: Martin Julien
Submitter email address: martin.julien@ericsson.com
Date first submitted: 25-Jun-2001
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01446.html
Document: mobileip-06
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section:
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

Requested change:

> > 18) Section 6.2.7, should the SHA-1 algorithm be also added, as in the
> > aaa-key-06 draft? BTW, would it be better that the values assigned to
> > those algorithms match between the 2 drafts? The last comment also
> > applies to the Replay-Mode.
>
> yes, but it really don't matter if there isn't a match. If you think it
> would be useful, include it in your issue.

Not really, it was only a comment. The thing is that since the values in
the Diameter MIP-06 draft are based on the ones defined in the other
document, I thought it would be better to keep the values consistent,
but of course, it does not have to be like this, strictly speaking.

> > 11) If there is a problem in the HA or FA with the SPI generated by
> > the AAAH or AAAF, how could that be reported?
>
> reported by whom? The HA? Or one of the AAA servers?
>
> > 16) Whenever no MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in the AMR, can we
> > assume that the SPI generated by the AAAH or AAAF can be completely
> > random or not? Why can't the HA decide the SPI itself?
>
> There's no reason why, really :(

I'm still not quite sure to get the complete picture of how the SPI should
be
handled in the AAA servers. Are we expecting the AAA servers to use the
standard 0-255 SPI defined by IANA?, or are the AAA servers expected to
handle to concept of SA, which normally contains and defines their own
SPI values?

As defined in RFC 2002 (MIP):

      Mobility Security Association
               A collection of security contexts, between a pair
               of nodes, which may be applied to Mobile IP protocol
               messages exchanged between them.  Each context indicates
               an authentication algorithm and mode (Section 5.1), a
               secret (a shared key, or appropriate public/private
               key pair), and a style of replay protection in use
               (Section 5.6).

      Security Parameter Index (SPI)
               An index identifying a security context between a pair
               of nodes among the contexts available in the Mobility
               Security Association.  SPI values 0 through 255 are
               reserved and MUST NOT be used in any Mobility Security
               Association.

I believe that MIP is using the standard CHAP_SPI, when using RADIUS, right?
Should the Diameter server follow the same path or not? I guess not, since
the key AVPs would not contain the MIP-SPI, the algo and the Replay-Mode,
right?

The thing is
that if Diameter needs to support the concept of SA, then it seems to
be difficult for the AAA server to select an SPI on behalf of the MN, the HA
and the FA. Of course, the AAA can count on the Preferred-SPI from the FA
and the MN, in which case the AAA simply agrees with the value. However,
if there is no Preferred-SPI AVPs in the AMR, then the AAAH needs to
generate
them, at the risk that they might already be used in the SA defined between
the MN and the HA, or between the HA and the FA, or between the FA and the
MN.
I think that it makes more sense for the HA to select the required SPI
between
the HA-MN and HA-FA, if no Preferred-SPI is included in the AMR.

I guess that the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host AVP could be useful for creating
the SPI within the SA defined between the HA and the FA.

> > Also, when a MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in the AMR, I guess
> > that the FA has chosen a value that what not already already by any
> > of the SAs, right? The thing is that it might not know the HA yet,
> > i.e. the SA.
> >
> > 19) Section 6.1, could you please explain to me what "The Mobile IP key
> > described in [15] refers to the AAA SPI, which MUST be set to the value
> > the AAAH shares with the Mobile Node." Are we talking about a
> > pre-configured shared SPI, or a secret key? Can it dynamically change
> > or not? It is not clear to me how the AAA SPI can help in creating the
> > FA or HA Security Information. Could you please tell me more?
>
> I'd love to explain it, but that would require that I first
> understand it :(
>
> I believe that what I had originally intended to state here is that the
> values created are used in a particular field of the MIP AAA key in [15].
> This needs some major cleaning up.
>
> Thanks,
>
> PatC
>




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 08:52:16 2001
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Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 05:41:22 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: jonas <jonas.bulow@servicefactory.se>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
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On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 10:05:31AM +0200, jonas wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Where would directives about the use of NAT and state-full inspection of
> filter rules go? 

a separate AVP, IMHO.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 08:53:54 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 88: Proposed Text for EAP Support Issues
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010623120219.00c3e9e0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 12:03:37PM +0200
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On Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 12:03:37PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 20:49 22/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:23:56AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > I hadn't noticed that EAP actually used different command-codes from
> > > regular AAA/AAR. In that case, maybe it should be an altogether different
> > > application?
> >
> >Although I do agree, the only issue I have is that both auth schemes end up
> >using the same authorization avps, so there'd be a whole lot of duplication :(

ah, I see. So 802.1x wouldn't have to support PAP/CHAP, and still conform to
*part of* the spec.

> 
> Nothing prevents two applications from sharing the same AVPs (quite the 
> contrary actually). Note that I didn't say two drafts, just two 
> applications (for capabilities advertisement purposes).
> 
> > > Another thing that came to mind while I was reading the Diameter Mobile IP
> > > draft this week-end, is there any (existent/planned) interaction between
> > > Mobile IP and EAP?
> >
> >no.
> 
> Interesting...

mip has it's own auth scheme, and it doesn't fit the EAP model at all.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 08:56:36 2001
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From: "Oscar Morales-Ruiz (ECE)" <oscar.morales-ruiz@ece.ericsson.se>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: 
Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 14:55:06 +0200
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Hi there,

Maybe this issue was discussed in the past, but I would like to get a clear picture about the Request-Type AVP because I have no clue of the *real* behaviour of this AVP.

The latest draft (06) claims that this AVP is used to determine the type of the request being transmitted. The allowed values are AUTHENTICATE_ONLY, AUTHORIZE_ONLY and AUTHORIZE_AUTHENTICATE. The point is that I was not able to get a clear picture of the possible (and allowed) combinations among those values:

My assumptions are (correct me if I'm wrong):

1. It is possible for a NAS to issue an AUTHENTICATE_ONLY request and later on to issue AUTHORIZE_ONLY requests corresponding to the session previously authenticated. 
   That means that the AAA Server should store information about the session when it is first authenticated and later on to authorize the authorization requests associated to 
   that particular session.

   If subsequent AUTHENTICATE_ONLY messages are received for that particular session, those messages mean re-authentication requests.

   If subsequent AUTHORIZE_ONLY messages are received for that particular session, those messages mean re-authorization requests (and possibly authorization requests for 
   those services not previously authorized).

   If subsequent AUTHORIZE_AUTHENTICATE messages are received for that particular session, those messages mean re-authentication plus re-authorization requests (and 
   possibly new authorization requests for those services not previoulsy authorized).

2. It is possible to AUTHORIZE_AUTHENTICATE a session which means that the session is first authenticated and then the access to a particular service is authorised. 

   Hence it is possible to receive AUTHENTICATE_ONLY messages which mean re-authentication for the existing session. It is also possible to receive AUTHORIZE_ONLY 
   messages for that existing session which mean authorization requests for the existing session (and maybe re-authorization for those services previously authorized).

   If subsequent AUTHORIZE_AUTHENTICATE messages are received for that particular session, those messages mean re-authentication plus re-authorization requests.

3. Is it possible to receive an AUTHORIZE_ONLY message without a previous authentication request ?? I should say yes, but it is not clear to me :-(( 

   I would like to get a clarification on this one.

Cheers,
Oscar.







From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 09:12:59 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 88: Proposed Text for EAP Support Issues
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At 14:43 25/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 12:03:37PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > At 20:49 22/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:23:56AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > > I hadn't noticed that EAP actually used different command-codes from
> > > > regular AAA/AAR. In that case, maybe it should be an altogether 
> different
> > > > application?
> > >
> > >Although I do agree, the only issue I have is that both auth schemes 
> end up
> > >using the same authorization avps, so there'd be a whole lot of 
> duplication :(
>
>ah, I see. So 802.1x wouldn't have to support PAP/CHAP, and still conform to
>*part of* the spec.

Or, alternatively, a Radius-to-Diameter gateway serving Radius NASes that 
do not support EAP... Or a Diameter-to-Radius gateway in front of a Radius 
server that doesn't support EAP either.

BTW, wouldn't it be possible to only have EAP in Diameter, and require 
clients to do EAP/PAP or EAP/CHAP conversion (the former being a problem 
since there is no clear-text auth in EAP, of course)? Not sure it would 
bring anything, just a bit of simplification for pure Diameter 
implementations maybe, PAP/CHAP being then considered just EAP methods like 
any others...

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 09:46:47 2001
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010625145911.00cb9e60@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 03:12:23PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 03:12:23PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Or, alternatively, a Radius-to-Diameter gateway serving Radius NASes that 
> do not support EAP... Or a Diameter-to-Radius gateway in front of a Radius 
> server that doesn't support EAP either.
> 
> BTW, wouldn't it be possible to only have EAP in Diameter, and require 
> clients to do EAP/PAP or EAP/CHAP conversion (the former being a problem 
> since there is no clear-text auth in EAP, of course)? Not sure it would 
> bring anything, just a bit of simplification for pure Diameter 
> implementations maybe, PAP/CHAP being then considered just EAP methods like 
> any others...

as you state, there is no PAP subtype for EAP. However, having the NAS
initiate EAP, and simply carry CHAP within it does have the advantage of
allowing the home server to authenticate the user, without the replay
problems found in today's non-EAP networks. However, this breaks with
traditional RADIUS servers, most of which don't support EAP :(

so interoperability becomes an issue.

PatC



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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 79: Error Handling Editorial Changes
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010623113817.00c29ba0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 12:01:58PM +0200
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On Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 12:01:58PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 20:35 22/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >On Fri, Jun 22, 2001 at 11:23:07AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > > Hi,
> > >
> > > I still think this is redundant with the 'P' bit. A message with 'R' clear
> > > and 'P' clear is a non-proxiable answer, and thus something for local
> > > processing. Then the combination of Command-Code and Result-Code will tell
> > > the proxy/relay whether it's a CEA or a protocol error.
> >
> >'P' and 'E' are different. A message with the 'E' bit set is still
> >proxiable, but the 'E' bit is an alert to agents that they should attempt
> >to take local action. However, if they cannot, they must proxy the
> >answer.
> 
> I think in both cases the messages calls for local action. In some cases, 
> the local action might be to forward it further downstream...

Then let's call it additional local action. relaying, or proxying is always
the case. This is a special message that the agent must treat with care. In certain
cases, it may require that the request be forwarded to an alternate agent.

When neither bits are set, normal fast path routing is done.

> 
> > > Also, I think it would be wise to specify which combinations of the flag
> > > bits are allowed, and what to do if an unallowed combination is received.
> >
> >The text already does state this. The only rule is that the 'R' and the 'E'
> >bits cannot be set at the same time. See the text in 'E'.
> 
> What about P with the other ones?

that isn't a problem.

> 
> >So, if I understand your second comment, a new result code needs to be created
> >that states that conflicting bits are set in the header?
> 
> Yep.

ok.

> 
> > > This would probably simplify a lot the ABNF, as all "Application" commands
> > > would not be encumbered with all the "protocol" AVPs, too.
> >
> >it certainly is possible to create new avps that do exactly the same thing
> >as those defined in the base, but I fail to see the logic in duplicate
> >functionality.
> 
> No, the idea is to separate them. I.e, no need to put all the 
> "Route-Record", "Destination-Host", "Destination-Realm", "Proxy-State" and 
> any other routing-related stuff in the ANBF for AAA/AAR. So you can change 
> more easily all the routing part without having to touch all possible 
> application commands.
> 
> It makes it easier also for proxies/relays that have to understand some 
> AVPs (e.g. Session-Timeout) to know which ones they're supposed to know how 
> to handle or not.
> 
> > > Note that though the changes are radical, it might not require to change
> > > that much text, so it could still be done pretty quickly. Let me know if
> > > anyone wants to pursue this [for some reason I doubt it :-(].
> >
> >i doubt it, and would need additional clarifying information, like what 
> >exactly
> >are we talking about here.
> 
> Well, it's a matter of separating the Diameter protocol in two layers: one 
> which takes care of communication over a local link, and one which is 
> end-to-end communication.
> 
> On a local link, one could exchange the following messages:
> - Capabilities-Advertisement
> - Device-Watchdog
> - Termination-Request
> - Protocol-Error
> - Application-C2S-Request
> - Application-S2C-Request
> - Aplication-Answer
> 
> [C2S and S2C mean Client-to-Server and Server-to-client, respectively].
> 
> Each of those messages would contain AVPs related to their function, in a 
> local context. The two Application-*-Requests would contain 
> Destination-Realm/Host and Route-Record AVPs, and an "Application-Data" 
> grouped AVP that would contain the actual end-to-end command and AVPs. 
> Application-Answer could contain just that AVP.
> 
> To make extension simpler, the local link command types should have a bit 
> structure that makes it easy for an agent to understand what type of 
> command is which. Note that for requests, I would also include the type of 
> request (auth, accounting...), as proxies that maintain session state need 
> to be able to interpret them.
> 
> I'm trying to put all that into some clear text, I'll send it as soon as I can.

That a whole lotta changes so late in the game....

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 09:58:12 2001
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From: David Frascone <dave@frascone.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Arek.Nowakowski@tic.siemens.ca: Question regarding AVPs address type]
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This is a very good question.  I have never thought about it.  What *should*
a user supply when creating an address AVP?

A pointer to a struct sockaddr_storage? 

I'm leaning this direction.  I would also like to add some functionality to
create struct sockaddr_storage objects from Diameter URI's.

Opinions?


-Dave

----- Forwarded message from Arek Nowakowski <Arek.Nowakowski@tic.siemens.ca> -----

Message-ID: <53D69AD06EFAD311842300A0C99B4F08D50D73@ticsmtp2.innovation.siemens.ca>
From: Arek Nowakowski <Arek.Nowakowski@tic.siemens.ca>
To: "'David Frascone'" <dave@frascone.com>
Subject: Question regarding AVPs address type
Date: Sun, 24 Jun 2001 14:03:58 -0400

Hello,
When creating AVP type address, using AAACreateAVP function problem came up.
Is it allowed to give the address data in the network byte order form?
Does the input data have to be in a human readable form?
Regards.
Arek Nowakowski


----- End forwarded message -----


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010623193025.00bdd9e0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 07:47:40PM +0200
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On Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 07:47:40PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> - The reorg of the different sections looks good, but I would also move the 
> new section 6 before section 5, actually. One starts by establishing 
> connections to peers before routing packets around.

I was considering that when making the changes, but wasn't able to
convince myself. I agree with making this change, and it will be
done for the next revision.

> 
> 
> BTW, another sub-issue (a bit related to the other discussion I started 
> about separating more the protocol from the applications) is that protocol 
> messages (such as CER, DWR, etc.) should either not be in the pending 
> request list, or explicitly not sent to alternate peers in case of failure 
> of a connection, of course... Actually, I think most protocol messages 
> (local to a connection) don't need the ack (delivery is guaranteed by the 
> underlying transport, unless the connection is lost and then the message 
> doesn't make sense any more), so don't need the R/A paradigm, and don't 
> need to be saved to the pending request queue. I really need to propose 
> some text along the lines of that separation of protocol and applications...

actually, a request without the 'P' bit set doesn't get added to the pending
message list.

> 
> - in your description of the peer table, it looks too much like you only 
> have one default realm and a set of peers (as would be the case on most 
> NASes). There might be multiple different primary/backup peers for 
> different realms, and a given peer might serve multiple realms and have 
> different roles (primary/backup/etc.) for each realm. I think this 
> information belongs in the routing table rather than in the peer table.

hmmm... they actually belong in both, but I am not sure how to put that down
in ASCII. The basic issue is that for each realm, you want a primary/secondary,
but the actual relationship is:


                           /------- Peer Entry (Primary)
   Route Table Entry +-----
                           \------- Peer Entry (Secondary)

So, my thoughts is that a route table points to a set of peer entries. Each
peer entry is marked with its role, and not the route table. Of course, an
intermediate "shim" may be required between the route table and the peer
entry, but this makes implementations a tad more complex.

> - the concept of "questionable" or "suspect" peers with a reliable 
> transport underneath is quite intriguing to me?

I am open to suggestions, but that's all I could think of at that time. I
am certain you know what I mean, right?

> 
> - for all the stuff that is in the transport draft: I had understood that 
> draft was actually just recommendations about what should be present in AAA 
> protocols (and specifically Diameter), but that the AAA protocol definition 
> was to include whatever is necessary to meet these recommandations?

yes, but I believe that Bernard didn't necessarily want to dup unnecessarily.
However, if you feel strongly that we can put a summary of what's in the
transport draft (and perhaps reference the transport draft), then that would
be acceptable to me.

PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 10:05:16 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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On Sun, Jun 24, 2001 at 06:26:08PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
> Pat,
> 
> At 11:05 AM 6/22/01 -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >Finally, there have been changes to section 6, which I list here. However,
> >I do want to bring up the fact that there is one open issue. The state
> >machine doesn't have a state for "suspect" peers, so the table in 6.1
> >shows "????" as the state. I believe that we need to have a state
> >in the state machine for suspect peers. Paul, any ideas?
> 
> I assume you mean by "suspect" peer one whose watchdog timer has 
> finally elapsed without a response?

yes

> 
> If I remember correctly from the interim meeting, when the watchdog 
> finally elapses without a response, we don't actually close the connection 
> (since the transport will do that if it's truly broken); we just try to use 
> alternate peers instead. (Is that right?)

which is why I showed that a peer went into the "suspect" state, and eventually
either goes back into the open, or the closed state.

> 
> While there is text that describes Tw and when to reset the watchdog 
> timer, there is no text that describes when you decide that the connection 
> is suspect.

right.

> 
> To handle the entire watchdog algorithm in the state machine would 
> lead to a lot of complexity. Instead, what if watchdogs were removed 
> from the state machine and the "Transport Failure Detection" section were 
> expanded to more fully describe the algorithm and when the connection 
> is deemed suspect, how it can redeem itself, etc.? 

I had tried to make the changes to the state machine, but without relying on
a counter in a control block, it makes for a rather nasty, and lengthy,
change in the state machine. So, I agree that some text should be added
somewhere else. However, it may be useful to add a single "suspect" state
in the SM, and have text, as you state, that describes the counter.

> 
> Another question that needs clarification: Once a connection becomes 
> suspect, in addition to connecting to alternate peers, is the Diameter 
> node expected to failover pending requests? Or is it supposed to do 
> this only upon actual disconnect? Currently, the "Failover/Failback 
> Procedures" section speaks of transport failures only.

we've never discussed this one :(

PatC


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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010623120351.00c0e2f0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 12:05:57PM +0200
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On Sat, Jun 23, 2001 at 12:05:57PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 21:14 22/06/01, Barney Wolff wrote:
> >Pat, presumably actual loops will be very rare and only persist until
> >a misconfiguration is corrected.  Thus it does no harm at all, imho,
> >to defer the check until one is about to forward the request.  That
> >way, the check is always done against ones own identity, with no
> >risk of encoding differences leading to false negatives.  It really
> >should not take half a page to express the equality-comparison
> >algorithm for Diameter identities, nor should one have to convert
> >every item in the recorded route to canonical form to do the comparison.
> 
> Again, I think it should be stated that any DiameterIdentities used in all 
> the loop-checking activities MUST be the value advertised in Origin-Host in 
> CER/CEA, and should be treated as an opaque string. Then pure string 
> matching (strcmp) would be enough.

so you compare what a peer had advertised with the Route-Record AVPs in
a message, effectively looking for loops for the peer?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 10:33:45 2001
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From: jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Securing Diameter Messages
Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 17:33:49 +0300
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Hi,

I have a question regarding the section 2.2, "Securing Diameter Messages" of
the base-06, which says that:

"Diameter clients, such as Network Access Servers (NASes) and Foreign Agents
MUST support IP Security [37], and MAY support TLS [38]. Diameter servers
MUST support TLS, but the administrator MAY opt to configure IPSec instead
of using TLS. Operating the Diameter protocol without any security mechanism
is not recommended."

Is it defined on purpose like this? To me it does not sound very rational to
mandate clients to support IPsec and servers to support TLS. Mandating one
protocol, e.g. IPsec if acceptable for everyone, would be reasonable. Also I
think that some text may be needed to clarify the Diameter agents and their
required support.

I understood that there have been some concerns raised, probably in the May
interim meeting, about the interoperability of SCTP with IPsec and TLS which
may need to be taken into account in here.

Br, Jaakko  

PS. Sorry if this should have been submitted as an issue. I can do that if
it is needed.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 10:34:44 2001
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Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 16:34:05 +0200
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 15:49 25/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > BTW, another sub-issue (a bit related to the other discussion I started
> > about separating more the protocol from the applications) is that protocol
> > messages (such as CER, DWR, etc.) should either not be in the pending
> > request list, or explicitly not sent to alternate peers in case of failure
> > of a connection, of course... Actually, I think most protocol messages
> > (local to a connection) don't need the ack (delivery is guaranteed by the
> > underlying transport, unless the connection is lost and then the message
> > doesn't make sense any more), so don't need the R/A paradigm, and don't
> > need to be saved to the pending request queue. I really need to propose
> > some text along the lines of that separation of protocol and 
> applications...
>
>actually, a request without the 'P' bit set doesn't get added to the pending
>message list.

Shouldn't indeed, but that's not what the draft says :-(

> > - in your description of the peer table, it looks too much like you only
> > have one default realm and a set of peers (as would be the case on most
> > NASes). There might be multiple different primary/backup peers for
> > different realms, and a given peer might serve multiple realms and have
> > different roles (primary/backup/etc.) for each realm. I think this
> > information belongs in the routing table rather than in the peer table.
>
>hmmm... they actually belong in both, but I am not sure how to put that down
>in ASCII. The basic issue is that for each realm, you want a 
>primary/secondary,
>but the actual relationship is:
>
>
>                            /------- Peer Entry (Primary)
>    Route Table Entry +-----
>                            \------- Peer Entry (Secondary)
>
>So, my thoughts is that a route table points to a set of peer entries. Each
>peer entry is marked with its role, and not the route table. Of course, an
>intermediate "shim" may be required between the route table and the peer
>entry, but this makes implementations a tad more complex.

I hard started to write "belongs in the routing table (or rather in the 
peer sub-table associated with each routing table entry)", but that looked 
a bit complex indeed.

I see two ways of describing this:
1. each entry in the routing table has a realm, an application, a priority, 
an action, and a peer, given that multiple entries can have the same realm 
and/or application.

2. an entry in the routing table has a realm, an application, an action, 
and a pointer to a subtable. The said subtable has priorities and pointers 
to the actual peers.

Now, that solves the requirements of data, but not what should be done with 
that, i.e.  when should a connection actually be established or torn 
down... I start to see doubly-linked lists :-(

> > - the concept of "questionable" or "suspect" peers with a reliable
> > transport underneath is quite intriguing to me?
>
>I am open to suggestions, but that's all I could think of at that time. I
>am certain you know what I mean, right?

I have a rough idea, though depending on the relationship between the 
watchdog timer and whatever timers the underlying protocol uses might be 
interesting.

> > - for all the stuff that is in the transport draft: I had understood that
> > draft was actually just recommendations about what should be present in 
> AAA
> > protocols (and specifically Diameter), but that the AAA protocol 
> definition
> > was to include whatever is necessary to meet these recommandations?
>
>yes, but I believe that Bernard didn't necessarily want to dup unnecessarily.
>However, if you feel strongly that we can put a summary of what's in the
>transport draft (and perhaps reference the transport draft), then that would
>be acceptable to me.

The transport draft should at least be referenced if there is stuff in 
there that is a MUST for Diameter implementations :-)

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 10:43:33 2001
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From: Tuexen Michael <Michael.Tuexen@icn.siemens.de>
To: "'jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com'" <jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Securing Diameter Messages
Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 16:37:58 +0200
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Dear all,

just to let you know: an ID describing the use of TLS on top of SCTP has been submitted to the TSVWG last Friday.

Best regards
Michael

Michael Tuexen    Tel.:   +49 89 722 47210
Siemens AG        Fax:    +49 89 722 48212
ICN WN CS SE 5    E-mail: Michael.Tuexen@icn.siemens.de

> -----Original Message-----
> From:	jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com [SMTP:jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com]
> Sent:	Monday, June 25, 2001 4:34 PM
> To:	aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject:	[AAA-WG]: Securing Diameter Messages
> 
> Hi,
> 
> I have a question regarding the section 2.2, "Securing Diameter Messages" of
> the base-06, which says that:
> 
> "Diameter clients, such as Network Access Servers (NASes) and Foreign Agents
> MUST support IP Security [37], and MAY support TLS [38]. Diameter servers
> MUST support TLS, but the administrator MAY opt to configure IPSec instead
> of using TLS. Operating the Diameter protocol without any security mechanism
> is not recommended."
> 
> Is it defined on purpose like this? To me it does not sound very rational to
> mandate clients to support IPsec and servers to support TLS. Mandating one
> protocol, e.g. IPsec if acceptable for everyone, would be reasonable. Also I
> think that some text may be needed to clarify the Diameter agents and their
> required support.
> 
> I understood that there have been some concerns raised, probably in the May
> interim meeting, about the interoperability of SCTP with IPsec and TLS which
> may need to be taken into account in here.
> 
> Br, Jaakko  
> 
> PS. Sorry if this should have been submitted as an issue. I can do that if
> it is needed.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 10:47:23 2001
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 81: Route-Record change
Cc: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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At 15:55 25/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>so you compare what a peer had advertised with the Route-Record AVPs in
>a message, effectively looking for loops for the peer?

No, you compare against your own identity, but insert what the peer 
advertised in a Route-Record AVP.

[btw, order of the two above is dependent on whether you allow connections 
to yourself or not: if you do, then you need to insert then compare; if you 
don't, it doesn't matter]

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 10:47:42 2001
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Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 07:36:25 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Securing Diameter Messages
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In-Reply-To: <A4DAF4E6BC38D511936900508BAD76CC336034@eseis13nok.ntc.nokia.com>; from jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com on Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 05:33:49PM +0300
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On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 05:33:49PM +0300, jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com wrote:
> I have a question regarding the section 2.2, "Securing Diameter Messages" of
> the base-06, which says that:
> 
> "Diameter clients, such as Network Access Servers (NASes) and Foreign Agents
> MUST support IP Security [37], and MAY support TLS [38]. Diameter servers
> MUST support TLS, but the administrator MAY opt to configure IPSec instead
> of using TLS. Operating the Diameter protocol without any security mechanism
> is not recommended."
> 
> Is it defined on purpose like this? To me it does not sound very rational to
> mandate clients to support IPsec and servers to support TLS. Mandating one
> protocol, e.g. IPsec if acceptable for everyone, would be reasonable. Also I
> think that some text may be needed to clarify the Diameter agents and their
> required support.

both are supported for a reason. TLS provides validation of credentials at the
app layer, which many folks thought they would need. IPSec doesn't allow an
application to know that a message was secured, unless some interface to the
policy manager exists. IPSec doesn't work through firewalls, which was a concern.

However, IPSec is much more prevalent on access devices than is TLS, and therefore
cannot be ignored. So we felt that both should be supported.

> 
> I understood that there have been some concerns raised, probably in the May
> interim meeting, about the interoperability of SCTP with IPsec and TLS which
> may need to be taken into account in here.

right and a group of folks will be submitting the SCTP/TLS extensions in the next
week or so.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 13:49:49 2001
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Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 13:27:35 -0400
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Pat,

At 06:54 AM 6/25/01 -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Sun, Jun 24, 2001 at 06:26:08PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
>> To handle the entire watchdog algorithm in the state machine would 
>> lead to a lot of complexity. Instead, what if watchdogs were removed 
>> from the state machine and the "Transport Failure Detection" section were 
>> expanded to more fully describe the algorithm and when the connection 
>> is deemed suspect, how it can redeem itself, etc.? 
>
>I had tried to make the changes to the state machine, but without relying on
>a counter in a control block, it makes for a rather nasty, and lengthy,
>change in the state machine. So, I agree that some text should be added
>somewhere else. However, it may be useful to add a single "suspect" state
>in the SM, and have text, as you state, that describes the counter.

Since watchdog functionality doesn't affect whether a connection is open 
or closed, it really can be handled outside the peer state machine. All 
watchdog activities occur in the Open state, similar to application message 
handling. 

I think that we need to decide how specific we want to be in describing 
watchdog functionality. 

At the low end, we can simply say that a node may use DWR for early 
detection of failed or congested connections, must use jitter, must respond 
to DWR with DWA, but otherwise leave the algorithm to the implementation. 

At the high end, we could provide a separate watchdog state machine or 
pseudo-code, timer definitions, etc., to try to specify exact behavior.

I favor the low end approach, leaving it up to implementations to determine 
when a connection is suspect. After all, exact adherence to a specific 
algorithm is not required for interoperability (as in the peer state machine). 

I also would favor reduction of the proposed "6.1 Peer Connections" section 
to something more simple. None of the elaborate tables and statuses and 
transitions affect interoperability. All that really needs to be stated is
that a 
node need not connect to everyone it knows all at once, but may want to 
manage connections. For example, it may want to connect to only a subset of 
peers in a realm, take down unused connections, and connect to additional 
peers when existing connections are deemed suspect. 

Paul


Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 13:59:57 2001
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From: Mark Llacuna <mllacuna@yahoo.com>
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Hi everyone,

I would like to ask some RADIUS interoperability and
compliance questions with rfc 2865/2866, but I'm not
sure if this is the right place to do it.  Could
somebody please point me to the right mailing list or
let me know if this is the correct one?

Thanks!

Mark



__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! Mail
http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 15:14:08 2001
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From: jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Some editorials on Base-06
Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 21:59:56 +0300
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Hi,

Mainly some editorial nits related to the Base-06:

In the section 1.3, "Terminology", Session description, the last sentence
"devices serving the same user." should be removed?

In the section 2.5.3, "Redirector Agents", the 4th paragrapth, DRL instead
of DLR.

In the section 9.1.4, "Transient Failures", the error
DIAMETER_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION       5013 describes that: "This error is
returned when a CEA message is received, and the Diameter message is
unsupported." Should this be instead "This error is returned when a CEA
message is received, and the Diameter version is unsupported."? In this case
the version field of the CEA message could indicate the highest Diameter
base protocol version supported by the node. If this is not acceptable for
the receiving node it terminates the connection.

In the section 10.0, "Diameter User Sessions", 3rd paragraph, it says that
"Note that the Authorization-Lifetime AVP implies how long the Diameter
server is willing to pay for the services rendered, therefore a Diameter
client SHOULD NOT expect payment for services rendered past the session
expiration time." Should this be instead "...a Diameter client SHOULD NOT
expect payment for services rendered past the Authorization-Lifetime
expiration."?

In the section 10.1, "Authorization Session State Machine", the state
machine description,  should SKR/SKA be replaced by
Abort-Session-Request/Answer (ASR/ASA)?

In the section 10.11, "Termination-Cause AVP", The error
DIAMETER_ADMINISTRATIVE           4 describes that "The user was not granted
access, or was disconnected, due to administrative reasons, such as the
receipt of a Session-Kill-Request message." Session-Kill-Request should be
replace by the Abort-Session-Request?

Br, Jaakko


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 16:49:03 2001
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At 6/25/01 11:00 AM -0700, Mark Llacuna wrote:

>Hi everyone,
>
>I would like to ask some RADIUS interoperability and
>compliance questions with rfc 2865/2866, but I'm not
>sure if this is the right place to do it.  Could
>somebody please point me to the right mailing list or
>let me know if this is the correct one?
>
>Thanks!
>
>Mark

Mark,
         this is not the right place.

Unfortunately, I don't know of a good place to send you

ietf-radius@livingston.com   still worked as of 13 Jan 2001
         Don't know if anyone is still listening.

Dave.
----------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                            978-288-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks
david@mitton.com   or      dmitton@nortelnetworks.com  



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 17:08:29 2001
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> Hi everyone,
>
> I would like to ask some RADIUS interoperability and
> compliance questions with rfc 2865/2866, but I'm not
> sure if this is the right place to do it.

You can try ietf-radius@livingston.com (I think you have to join the list in
order to post) but I'm not sure you'll get any answers.  If they are
RFC-related questions, you can always send email to the authors.

> Could
> somebody please point me to the right mailing list or
> let me know if this is the correct one?
>
> Thanks!
>
> Mark
>
>
>
> __________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get personalized email addresses from Yahoo! Mail
> http://personal.mail.yahoo.com/
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Jun 25 20:15:46 2001
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Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 17:04:22 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 01:27:35PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
> Since watchdog functionality doesn't affect whether a connection is open 
> or closed, it really can be handled outside the peer state machine. All 
> watchdog activities occur in the Open state, similar to application message 
> handling. 
> 
> I think that we need to decide how specific we want to be in describing 
> watchdog functionality. 
> 
> At the low end, we can simply say that a node may use DWR for early 
> detection of failed or congested connections, must use jitter, must respond 
> to DWR with DWA, but otherwise leave the algorithm to the implementation. 
> 
> At the high end, we could provide a separate watchdog state machine or 
> pseudo-code, timer definitions, etc., to try to specify exact behavior.
> 
> I favor the low end approach, leaving it up to implementations to determine 
> when a connection is suspect. After all, exact adherence to a specific 
> algorithm is not required for interoperability (as in the peer state machine). 

I also favor the low end approach.

> 
> I also would favor reduction of the proposed "6.1 Peer Connections" section 
> to something more simple. None of the elaborate tables and statuses and 
> transitions affect interoperability. All that really needs to be stated is
> that a 
> node need not connect to everyone it knows all at once, but may want to 
> manage connections. For example, it may want to connect to only a subset of 
> peers in a realm, take down unused connections, and connect to additional 
> peers when existing connections are deemed suspect. 

that works for me. I added the table because I thought it would be beneficial
to the reader (and we seem to want to detail as much as possible), but cutting
the section down is something I would also like.

patC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 26 09:58:28 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010625162342.00b1d410@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 04:34:05PM +0200
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On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 04:34:05PM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> At 15:49 25/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > > BTW, another sub-issue (a bit related to the other discussion I started
> > > about separating more the protocol from the applications) is that protocol
> > > messages (such as CER, DWR, etc.) should either not be in the pending
> > > request list, or explicitly not sent to alternate peers in case of failure
> > > of a connection, of course... Actually, I think most protocol messages
> > > (local to a connection) don't need the ack (delivery is guaranteed by the
> > > underlying transport, unless the connection is lost and then the message
> > > doesn't make sense any more), so don't need the R/A paradigm, and don't
> > > need to be saved to the pending request queue. I really need to propose
> > > some text along the lines of that separation of protocol and 
> > applications...
> >
> >actually, a request without the 'P' bit set doesn't get added to the pending
> >message list.
> 
> Shouldn't indeed, but that's not what the draft says :-(

ok, in the process of making this change, I no longer agree with my previous
statement. I think that it is required to receive, and process, the -Answer. 
For watchdog messages, receiving, and processing the -Answer is the difference
between thinking that a peer is up, or not. Furthermore, an implementation may
be looking at the watchdog's RTT to determine whether a peer is in good standing
or not.

So, I disagree with this change, but agree that some text must be added stating
that certain messages MUST NOT be sent to an alternate.

I'll look into this, and figure out the best approach.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 26 10:41:18 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>, Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 05:04:22PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 01:27:35PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
> > Since watchdog functionality doesn't affect whether a connection is open 
> > or closed, it really can be handled outside the peer state machine. All 
> > watchdog activities occur in the Open state, similar to application message 
> > handling. 
> > 
> > I think that we need to decide how specific we want to be in describing 
> > watchdog functionality. 
> > 
> > At the low end, we can simply say that a node may use DWR for early 
> > detection of failed or congested connections, must use jitter, must respond 
> > to DWR with DWA, but otherwise leave the algorithm to the implementation. 
> > 
> > At the high end, we could provide a separate watchdog state machine or 
> > pseudo-code, timer definitions, etc., to try to specify exact behavior.
> > 
> > I favor the low end approach, leaving it up to implementations to determine 
> > when a connection is suspect. After all, exact adherence to a specific 
> > algorithm is not required for interoperability (as in the peer state machine). 
> 
> I also favor the low end approach.
> 
> > 
> > I also would favor reduction of the proposed "6.1 Peer Connections" section 
> > to something more simple. None of the elaborate tables and statuses and 
> > transitions affect interoperability. All that really needs to be stated is
> > that a 
> > node need not connect to everyone it knows all at once, but may want to 
> > manage connections. For example, it may want to connect to only a subset of 
> > peers in a realm, take down unused connections, and connect to additional 
> > peers when existing connections are deemed suspect. 
> 
> that works for me. I added the table because I thought it would be beneficial
> to the reader (and we seem to want to detail as much as possible), but cutting
> the section down is something I would also like.

Paul, how about the following text:

5.1  Peer Connections

   Although a Diameter node may have many possible peers that it is able
   to communicate with, it may not be economical to have an established
   connection to all of them. At a minimum, a Diameter node SHOULD have
   an established connection with a primary and secondary peer, and MAY
   have additional connections, if it is deemed necessary.

   When a peer is deemed suspect, which could occur for various reasons,
   including not receiving a DWA within an alloted timeframe, no new
   requests should be forwarded to the peer, but failover procedures are
   not invoked. When an active peer is moved to this mode, additional
   connections SHOULD be established to ensure that the necessary number
   of active connections exists.

   There are two ways that a peer is removed from the suspect peer list:
      1. The peer is no longer reachable, causing the transport
         connection to be shutdown. The peer is moved to the closed
         state.
      2. Three watchdog messages are exchanged with accepted round trip
         times, and the connection to the peer is considered stabilized.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 26 10:48:43 2001
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        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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On Tue, Jun 26, 2001 at 06:47:31AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> > >actually, a request without the 'P' bit set doesn't get added to the pending
> > >message list.
> > 
> > Shouldn't indeed, but that's not what the draft says :-(
> 
> ok, in the process of making this change, I no longer agree with my previous
> statement. I think that it is required to receive, and process, the -Answer. 
> For watchdog messages, receiving, and processing the -Answer is the difference
> between thinking that a peer is up, or not. Furthermore, an implementation may
> be looking at the watchdog's RTT to determine whether a peer is in good standing
> or not.
> 
> So, I disagree with this change, but agree that some text must be added stating
> that certain messages MUST NOT be sent to an alternate.
> 
> I'll look into this, and figure out the best approach.

Jacques,

looking at how to make this change, I believe that the best approach is simply
to add text to the relevant command definitions. Specifically, there are only
three messages that fall within this category, and they are CER, DPR and DWR.

Here is an example of the change (see last sentence):

5.3.1  Capabilities-Exchange-Request

   The Capabilities-Exchange-Request (CER), indicated by the Command-
   Code set to 257 and the Command Flags' 'R' bit set, is sent to inform
   a peer that a reboot has occurred. Upon detection of a transport
   failure, this message MUST NOT be sent to an alternate peer.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 26 10:51:59 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
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> >hmmm... they actually belong in both, but I am not sure how to put that down
> >in ASCII. The basic issue is that for each realm, you want a 
> >primary/secondary,
> >but the actual relationship is:
> >
> >
> >                            /------- Peer Entry (Primary)
> >    Route Table Entry +-----
> >                            \------- Peer Entry (Secondary)
> >
> >So, my thoughts is that a route table points to a set of peer entries. Each
> >peer entry is marked with its role, and not the route table. Of course, an
> >intermediate "shim" may be required between the route table and the peer
> >entry, but this makes implementations a tad more complex.
> 
> I hard started to write "belongs in the routing table (or rather in the 
> peer sub-table associated with each routing table entry)", but that looked 
> a bit complex indeed.
> 
> I see two ways of describing this:
> 1. each entry in the routing table has a realm, an application, a priority, 
> an action, and a peer, given that multiple entries can have the same realm 
> and/or application.
> 
> 2. an entry in the routing table has a realm, an application, an action, 
> and a pointer to a subtable. The said subtable has priorities and pointers 
> to the actual peers.
> 
> Now, that solves the requirements of data, but not what should be done with 
> that, i.e.  when should a connection actually be established or torn 
> down... I start to see doubly-linked lists :-(

There is no way around doubly-linked lists in this case.

How about if a routing table entry has a pointer to the primary peer entry,
secondary peer entry, and then additional pointers for alternates. That
eliminates the need for a "shim", and duplicate data structures.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 26 13:25:55 2001
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Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 13:03:50 -0400
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
From: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 83: Routing/forwarding clarifications
In-Reply-To: <20010626072913.Q22915@charizard.diameter.org>
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Pat,

That's much better.

Paul

At 07:29 AM 6/26/01 -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 05:04:22PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>> On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 01:27:35PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
>> > Since watchdog functionality doesn't affect whether a connection is open 
>> > or closed, it really can be handled outside the peer state machine. All 
>> > watchdog activities occur in the Open state, similar to application 
>message 
>> > handling. 
>> > 
>> > I think that we need to decide how specific we want to be in describing 
>> > watchdog functionality. 
>> > 
>> > At the low end, we can simply say that a node may use DWR for early 
>> > detection of failed or congested connections, must use jitter, must 
>respond 
>> > to DWR with DWA, but otherwise leave the algorithm to the implementation. 
>> > 
>> > At the high end, we could provide a separate watchdog state machine or 
>> > pseudo-code, timer definitions, etc., to try to specify exact behavior.
>> > 
>> > I favor the low end approach, leaving it up to implementations to 
>determine 
>> > when a connection is suspect. After all, exact adherence to a specific 
>> > algorithm is not required for interoperability (as in the peer state 
>machine). 
>> 
>> I also favor the low end approach.
>> 
>> > 
>> > I also would favor reduction of the proposed "6.1 Peer Connections" 
>section 
>> > to something more simple. None of the elaborate tables and statuses and 
>> > transitions affect interoperability. All that really needs to be stated is
>> > that a 
>> > node need not connect to everyone it knows all at once, but may want to 
>> > manage connections. For example, it may want to connect to only a subset 
>of 
>> > peers in a realm, take down unused connections, and connect to additional 
>> > peers when existing connections are deemed suspect. 
>> 
>> that works for me. I added the table because I thought it would be
beneficial
>> to the reader (and we seem to want to detail as much as possible), but 
>cutting
>> the section down is something I would also like.
>
>Paul, how about the following text:
>
>5.1  Peer Connections
>
>   Although a Diameter node may have many possible peers that it is able
>   to communicate with, it may not be economical to have an established
>   connection to all of them. At a minimum, a Diameter node SHOULD have
>   an established connection with a primary and secondary peer, and MAY
>   have additional connections, if it is deemed necessary.
>
>   When a peer is deemed suspect, which could occur for various reasons,
>   including not receiving a DWA within an alloted timeframe, no new
>   requests should be forwarded to the peer, but failover procedures are
>   not invoked. When an active peer is moved to this mode, additional
>   connections SHOULD be established to ensure that the necessary number
>   of active connections exists.
>
>   There are two ways that a peer is removed from the suspect peer list:
>      1. The peer is no longer reachable, causing the transport
>         connection to be shutdown. The peer is moved to the closed
>         state.
>      2. Three watchdog messages are exchanged with accepted round trip
>         times, and the connection to the peer is considered stabilized.
>
>Thanks,
>
>PatC

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 26 15:40:09 2001
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Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 12:29:08 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Some editorials on Base-06
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In-Reply-To: <A4DAF4E6BC38D511936900508BAD76CC336037@eseis13nok.ntc.nokia.com>; from jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com on Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 09:59:56PM +0300
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On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 09:59:56PM +0300, jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Mainly some editorial nits related to the Base-06:

ok, I will open an issue for these, accept them, and close it. This is purely
for tracking purposes.

> 
> In the section 1.3, "Terminology", Session description, the last sentence
> "devices serving the same user." should be removed?

correct.

> 
> In the section 2.5.3, "Redirector Agents", the 4th paragrapth, DRL instead
> of DLR.

yes.

> 
> In the section 9.1.4, "Transient Failures", the error
> DIAMETER_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION       5013 describes that: "This error is
> returned when a CEA message is received, and the Diameter message is
> unsupported." Should this be instead "This error is returned when a CEA
> message is received, and the Diameter version is unsupported."? In this case
> the version field of the CEA message could indicate the highest Diameter
> base protocol version supported by the node. If this is not acceptable for
> the receiving node it terminates the connection.
yes the description is wrong, but I feel uncomfortable with your suggestion since
it implies that an implementation supports all previous versions. I think that an
implementation could just try to re-connect, and send a CER with a different
supported version number.

> 
> In the section 10.0, "Diameter User Sessions", 3rd paragraph, it says that
> "Note that the Authorization-Lifetime AVP implies how long the Diameter
> server is willing to pay for the services rendered, therefore a Diameter
> client SHOULD NOT expect payment for services rendered past the session
> expiration time." Should this be instead "...a Diameter client SHOULD NOT
> expect payment for services rendered past the Authorization-Lifetime
> expiration."?

correct.

> 
> In the section 10.1, "Authorization Session State Machine", the state
> machine description,  should SKR/SKA be replaced by
> Abort-Session-Request/Answer (ASR/ASA)?

yup.

> 
> In the section 10.11, "Termination-Cause AVP", The error
> DIAMETER_ADMINISTRATIVE           4 describes that "The user was not granted
> access, or was disconnected, due to administrative reasons, such as the
> receipt of a Session-Kill-Request message." Session-Kill-Request should be
> replace by the Abort-Session-Request?
Another one I missed :(

Thanks,

PatC


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [Issue] Some editorials on Base-06
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Just to be formal, and be able to track changes. I am opening up this issue,
but accepted all of the issues, and am closing it right away.

Thanks,

PatC
----
Issue 92: Some editorials on Base-06 
Submitter name: Jaakko Rajaniemi 
Submitter email address: jaakko.rajaniemi@nokia.com 
Date first submitted: 26-Jun-2001 
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01476.html 
Document: base-06 
Comment type: E 
Priority: S 
Section: 
Rationale/Explanation of issue: 

Editorial changes required in base protocol specification 
Requested change: 
> In the section 1.3, "Terminology", Session description, the last sentence 
> "devices serving the same user." should be removed? 

correct. 

> 
> In the section 2.5.3, "Redirector Agents", the 4th paragrapth, DRL instead 
> of DLR. 

yes. 

> 
> In the section 9.1.4, "Transient Failures", the error 
> DIAMETER_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION 5013 describes that: "This error is 
> returned when a CEA message is received, and the Diameter message is 
> unsupported." Should this be instead "This error is returned when a CEA 
> message is received, and the Diameter version is unsupported."? In this case 
> the version field of the CEA message could indicate the highest Diameter 
> base protocol version supported by the node. If this is not acceptable for 
> the receiving node it terminates the connection. 
yes the description is wrong, but I feel uncomfortable with your suggestion since 
it implies that an implementation supports all previous versions. I think that an 
implementation could just try to re-connect, and send a CER with a different 
supported version number. 

> 
> In the section 10.0, "Diameter User Sessions", 3rd paragraph, it says that 
> "Note that the Authorization-Lifetime AVP implies how long the Diameter 
> server is willing to pay for the services rendered, therefore a Diameter 
> client SHOULD NOT expect payment for services rendered past the session 
> expiration time." Should this be instead "...a Diameter client SHOULD NOT 
> expect payment for services rendered past the Authorization-Lifetime 
> expiration."? 

correct. 

> 
> In the section 10.1, "Authorization Session State Machine", the state 
> machine description, should SKR/SKA be replaced by 
> Abort-Session-Request/Answer (ASR/ASA)? 

yup. 

> 
> In the section 10.11, "Termination-Cause AVP", The error 
> DIAMETER_ADMINISTRATIVE 4 describes that "The user was not granted 
> access, or was disconnected, due to administrative reasons, such as the 
> receipt of a Session-Kill-Request message." Session-Kill-Request should be 
> replace by the Abort-Session-Request? 
Another one I missed :( 


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
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        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 90: MIP-Previous-XXX AVP
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I cannot really justify this AVP, and am willing to eliminate it.

Any objections?

PatC
On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 10:05:27AM +0200, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
> Submitter name: Martin Julien
> Submitter email address: martin.julien@ericsson.com 
> Date first submitted: 25-Jun-2001 
> Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01446.html 
> Document: mobileip-06
> Comment type: T
> Priority: 2
> Section: 2.1, 4.5, 4.6, 
> Rationale/Explanation of issue: 
> 
> Requested change: 
> 
> > > 3) Section 2.1, I don't think the paragraph starting with
> > > "If the MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP...." is still applicable
> > > in this draft. Can that AVP be useful at all in the current
> > > solution proposed in the draft? At least, I don't see how
> > > we could make use of that MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP in the 
> > > AAAH and the AAAF. Is it for future considerations?
> > 
> > I am not sure. Others?
> > 
> 
> Thomas Panagiotis commented: "MIP/Fast interdomain handoffs?"
> 
> I agree that it could be useful for that, but in the actual draft,
> that is not supported, AFAIK. So, I think it should either be removed,
> since there is no clear defined use for it at this point, or be
> kept with some kind of explanations how it can be useful in the
> AAAF or AAAH. 
> 
> Based on the draft, the AAAF and AAAH already have
> access to the User-Name, the MIP-Home-Agent-Address and 
> MIP-Mobile-Node-Address, which I think is enough to get access to 
> the stored MN-FA and FA-HA keys, if needed in the AAAF. Of course
> that it means that the AAAF needs to be stateful, but is there any
> other way of handling this? 
> 
> One way we could be using the MIP-Previous-FA-Host AVP,
> would possibly be to make the AAAF stateless, which could possibly invoke
> the Session-Abort message towards the Previous-FA. Would it be a
> valid interpretation of that AVP or not? Does it make any sense?
> 
> > > Furthermore, I thought we had agreed that the User-Name
> > > was not enough for the purpose of retrieving keys in the AAAF,
> > > but would rather require the User-Name, the Home-Address and
> > > the Home-Agent?
> > 
> > That rings a bell. I may have missed that one.
> > 
> > > 4) Section 2.1, in the message format, I am questionning the
> > > necessity of the MIP-Previous-FA-Host and MIP-Previous-FA-Addr AVPs.
> > 
> > right, again, not sure. Perhaps this one should actually be a separate
> > issue from the editorial ones.
> >
> >
> > PatC
> >
> 
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Jun 26 17:29:45 2001
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On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 11:10:13AM +0200, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
> Submitter name: Martin Julien
> Submitter email address: martin.julien@ericsson.com
> Date first submitted: 25-Jun-2001
> Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01446.html
> Document: mobileip-06
> Comment type: T
> Priority: S
> Section:
> Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> 
> Requested change:
> 
> > > 18) Section 6.2.7, should the SHA-1 algorithm be also added, as in the
> > > aaa-key-06 draft? BTW, would it be better that the values assigned to
> > > those algorithms match between the 2 drafts? The last comment also
> > > applies to the Replay-Mode.
> >
> > yes, but it really don't matter if there isn't a match. If you think it
> > would be useful, include it in your issue.
> 
> Not really, it was only a comment. The thing is that since the values in
> the Diameter MIP-06 draft are based on the ones defined in the other
> document, I thought it would be better to keep the values consistent,
> but of course, it does not have to be like this, strictly speaking.

hmmmm... I should have read this closer :( SHA-1 is used to encrypt the
session keys, as defined in the aaa-key-06 draft. The transforms listed 
in section 6.2.7 are used to generate the authenticator portion of 
the relevant authentication extension.

So, no change is required. Sorry I missed that one when I first responded :(

btw, -04 (I believe) was changed considerably, and I believe that your
confusion is that you didn't catch all of the changes that occured from -03.

> 
> > > 11) If there is a problem in the HA or FA with the SPI generated by
> > > the AAAH or AAAF, how could that be reported?
> >
> > reported by whom? The HA? Or one of the AAA servers?
> >
> > > 16) Whenever no MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in the AMR, can we
> > > assume that the SPI generated by the AAAH or AAAF can be completely
> > > random or not? Why can't the HA decide the SPI itself?
> >
> > There's no reason why, really :(
> 
> I'm still not quite sure to get the complete picture of how the SPI should
> be
> handled in the AAA servers. Are we expecting the AAA servers to use the
> standard 0-255 SPI defined by IANA?, or are the AAA servers expected to
> handle to concept of SA, which normally contains and defines their own
> SPI values?

yes, the AAA creates the SPI values used for an SA. The SPI number provided
in the *Preferred-SPI AVPs are recommendations from the Diameter agents on
what values they'd like to see, to minimize the possibility of conflict.
However, the SPI address space is 32bits long, and therefore clashes should
be minimal. 

To address your other question, no we do not touch the reserved SPIs defined by
IANA.

> 
> As defined in RFC 2002 (MIP):
> 
>       Mobility Security Association
>                A collection of security contexts, between a pair
>                of nodes, which may be applied to Mobile IP protocol
>                messages exchanged between them.  Each context indicates
>                an authentication algorithm and mode (Section 5.1), a
>                secret (a shared key, or appropriate public/private
>                key pair), and a style of replay protection in use
>                (Section 5.6).
> 
>       Security Parameter Index (SPI)
>                An index identifying a security context between a pair
>                of nodes among the contexts available in the Mobility
>                Security Association.  SPI values 0 through 255 are
>                reserved and MUST NOT be used in any Mobility Security
>                Association.
> 
> I believe that MIP is using the standard CHAP_SPI, when using RADIUS, right?

CHAP_SPI is never used in key generation. That is for authentication of the MN-AAA
Auth Ext.

> Should the Diameter server follow the same path or not? I guess not, since
> the key AVPs would not contain the MIP-SPI, the algo and the Replay-Mode,
> right?

The SPI generated for the key, which points to the algo and the replay mode,
is completely separate from authenticator computation, so I do not understand
the question.

> 
> The thing is
> that if Diameter needs to support the concept of SA, then it seems to
> be difficult for the AAA server to select an SPI on behalf of the MN, the HA
> and the FA.

but the MN provides its preferred SPI in the Generalized Key Ext, and the FA
provides its own in the MIP-FA-Preferred-SPI AVP. The Home Agent is the only
sticky point, and if the AAAH picks one that causes a conflict on the HA, an
error would be returned, which could include a new SPI, I suppose. The AAAH
would then try again. I suppose this is what needs to be documented.

> Of course, the AAA can count on the Preferred-SPI from the FA
> and the MN, in which case the AAA simply agrees with the value. However,
> if there is no Preferred-SPI AVPs in the AMR, then the AAAH needs to
> generate
> them, at the risk that they might already be used in the SA defined between
> the MN and the HA, or between the HA and the FA, or between the FA and the
> MN.
> I think that it makes more sense for the HA to select the required SPI
> between
> the HA-MN and HA-FA, if no Preferred-SPI is included in the AMR.

No, IMHO, if not Preferred-SPI is present, then no key is generated. So,
perhaps some associated text in the Feature-Vector is needed?

> 
> I guess that the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host AVP could be useful for creating
> the SPI within the SA defined between the HA and the FA.

correct.

> 
> > > Also, when a MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in the AMR, I guess
> > > that the FA has chosen a value that what not already already by any
> > > of the SAs, right? The thing is that it might not know the HA yet,
> > > i.e. the SA.
> > >
> > > 19) Section 6.1, could you please explain to me what "The Mobile IP key
> > > described in [15] refers to the AAA SPI, which MUST be set to the value
> > > the AAAH shares with the Mobile Node." Are we talking about a
> > > pre-configured shared SPI, or a secret key? Can it dynamically change
> > > or not? It is not clear to me how the AAA SPI can help in creating the
> > > FA or HA Security Information. Could you please tell me more?
> >
> > I'd love to explain it, but that would require that I first
> > understand it :(
> >
> > I believe that what I had originally intended to state here is that the
> > values created are used in a particular field of the MIP AAA key in [15].
> > This needs some major cleaning up.

I think what I meant to say was (proposed text):

"  The AVPs described in this section contain the values inserted in
   the Key Material field of the extensions defined in [15]. The
   Key Lifetime field is set to the same value as the one found
   in the Authorization-Lifetime AVP."

PatC


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On Tue, Jun 26, 2001 at 01:45:56PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> On Mon, Jun 25, 2001 at 11:10:13AM +0200, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
> > Submitter name: Martin Julien
> > Submitter email address: martin.julien@ericsson.com
> > Date first submitted: 25-Jun-2001
> > Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01446.html
> > Document: mobileip-06
> > Comment type: T
> > Priority: S
> > Section:
> > Rationale/Explanation of issue:
> > 
> > Requested change:
> > 
> > > > 18) Section 6.2.7, should the SHA-1 algorithm be also added, as in the
> > > > aaa-key-06 draft? BTW, would it be better that the values assigned to
> > > > those algorithms match between the 2 drafts? The last comment also
> > > > applies to the Replay-Mode.
> > >
> > > yes, but it really don't matter if there isn't a match. If you think it
> > > would be useful, include it in your issue.
> > 
> > Not really, it was only a comment. The thing is that since the values in
> > the Diameter MIP-06 draft are based on the ones defined in the other
> > document, I thought it would be better to keep the values consistent,
> > but of course, it does not have to be like this, strictly speaking.
> 
> hmmmm... I should have read this closer :( SHA-1 is used to encrypt the
> session keys, as defined in the aaa-key-06 draft. The transforms listed 
> in section 6.2.7 are used to generate the authenticator portion of 
> the relevant authentication extension.
> 
> So, no change is required. Sorry I missed that one when I first responded :(
> 
No, I was right the first time, and wrong last time. You are correct, and
SHA-1 is now added in the next release.

PatC


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To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 91: MIP SPI
Date: Tue, 26 Jun 2001 17:55:35 -0500
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> > > > 19) Section 6.1, could you please explain to me what "The Mobile IP key
> > > > described in [15] refers to the AAA SPI, which MUST be set to the value
> > > > the AAAH shares with the Mobile Node." Are we talking about a
> > > > pre-configured shared SPI, or a secret key? Can it dynamically change
> > > > or not? It is not clear to me how the AAA SPI can help in creating the
> > > > FA or HA Security Information. Could you please tell me more?
> > >
> > > I'd love to explain it, but that would require that I first
> > > understand it :(
> > >
> > > I believe that what I had originally intended to state here is that the
> > > values created are used in a particular field of the MIP AAA key in [15].
> > > This needs some major cleaning up.
>
> I think what I meant to say was (proposed text):
> 
> "  The AVPs described in this section contain the values inserted in
>    the Key Material field of the extensions defined in [15]. The
>    Key Lifetime field is set to the same value as the one found
>    in the Authorization-Lifetime AVP."
> 
> PatC

I think we need to make explicit that AAAH generates the whole Subtype Data
field, i.e. (lifetime|AAA SPI|FA(HA) SPI|Algorithm Identifier|Key Material),
and not only the random value, which to me *is* the Key Material field.

" The AVPs described in this section contain the Unsolicited MN-FA(HA)
  Key Material From AAA Subtype Data fields, as defined in [15].
  ..."

-Panos


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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Thomas Panagiotis-PTHOMAS1 <panos.thomas@motorola.com>
Cc: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 91: MIP SPI
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> I think we need to make explicit that AAAH generates the whole Subtype Data
> field, i.e. (lifetime|AAA SPI|FA(HA) SPI|Algorithm Identifier|Key Material),
> and not only the random value, which to me *is* the Key Material field.
> 
> " The AVPs described in this section contain the Unsolicited MN-FA(HA)
>   Key Material From AAA Subtype Data fields, as defined in [15].

I need a vacation :(

you are correct, and I guess I am very confused today. Here is the correct
proposed text:

"  The AVPs described in this section contain the subtype data 
   of the extensions defined in [15]. The Key Lifetime field of the
   subtype data is set to the same value as the Authorization-Lifetime
   AVP found in the message. The Key Material field of the subtype
   contains the random value used in the generation of the
   MIP-Session-Key AVP of the MIP-FA-to-MN-Key or MIP-HA-to-MN-Key
   Grouped AVPs."

Thanks for catching that one,

PatC


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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: david@mitton.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Reviewed of  proposed EAP text
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> 4.0  Extensible Authentication Protocol Support
> 
>    The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP), described in [25],
>    provides a standard mechanism for support of extensible
>    authentication methods. Through the use of EAP, support for a number
>    of authentication schemes may be added, including smart and token
>    cards, Kerberos, Public Key, One Time Passwords, and others.
> 
>    This section describes the Command-Codes values and AVPs that are
>    required for an EAP payload to be encapsulated within the Diameter
>    protocol. Since authentication occurs between the EAP client and its
>    home Diameter server, end-to-end authentication is achieved, reducing
>    the possibility for fraudulent authentication, such as replay and
>    man-in-the-middle attacks. End-to-end authentication also provides
>    for mutual (bi-directional) authentication, which is not possible
>    with PAP and CHAP in a roaming PPP environment.
> 
>    The EAP conversation between the authenticating peer and the access
>    device begins with the negotiation of EAP within a link layer, such
>    as PPP or 802.1x. 

Actually, EAP isn't negotiated in 802.1X. So I'd just say "initiation of
EAP".

>    Once EAP has been negotiated, the access device
                    substitute "intitiated"

>    will typically send to the Diameter server a Diameter-EAP-Request
>    message with a NULL EAP-Payload AVP, signifying an EAP-Start. The
>    Port number and the identity of the access device (e.g. Origin-Host
>    or NAS-Identifier) MUST be included in the Diameter-EAP-Request
>    message.
> 
>    If the Diameter home server supports EAP, it MUST respond with a
>    Diameter-EAP-Answer message containing an EAP-Payload AVP that
>    includes an encapsulated EAP payload [25], and the Result-Code AVP
>    set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, signifying that a subsequent
>    request is expected. The EAP payload is forwarded by the access
>    device to the EAP client.
> 
>    The initial Diameter-EAP-Answer in a multi-round exchange normally
>    includes an EAP-Request/Identity, requesting the EAP client to
>    identify itself. Upon receipt of the EAP client's EAP-Response [25],
>    the access device will then issue a second Diameter-EAP-Request
>    message, with the client's EAP payload encapsulated within the EAP-
>    Payload AVP.
> 
>    A preferred approach is for the access device to issue the EAP-
>    Request/Identity message to the EAP client, and forward the EAP-
>    Response/Identity packet, encapsulated within the EAP-Payload AVP, as
>    a Diameter-EAP-Request to the Diameter server. This alternative
>    reduces the number of Diameter message round trips, and is compatible
>    with roaming environments, since the Destination-Realm is needed by
>    Diameter agents for routing purposes. Note that this alternative
>    cannot be universally employed, as there are circumstances where a
>    user's identity is not needed (such as when authorization occurs
>    based on a calling or called phone number).

Actually, in this case doesn't the called or calling phone number end up
in the User-Name AVP?

> 
>    The conversation continues until the Diameter server sends a
>    Diameter-EAP-Answer with a Result-Code AVP indicating success or
>    failure, and an optional EAP-Payload. The Result-Code AVP is used by
>    the access device to determine whether service is to be provided to
>    the EAP client. The access device MUST NOT rely on the contents of
>    the optional EAP-Payload to determine whether service is to be
>    provided.

Good.

> 
>    A Diameter-EAP-Answer message containing an EAP-Payload of type EAP-
>    Success or EAP-Failure MUST NOT have the Result-Code AVP set to
>    DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH.
> 
Good.

>    If authorization was requested, a successful Diameter-EAP-Answer MUST
>    also include the appropriate authorization AVPs required for the
>    service requested (see sections 2.0, 6.0 and 7.0).
> 

Can a Diameter message with Result-Code = DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH
also contain such AVPs? I would not prohibit this, necessarily. 

>    Unless the access device interprets the EAP-Response/Identity packet
>    returned by the authenticating peer, it will not have access to the
>    user's identity. Therefore, the Diameter Server SHOULD return the
>    user's identity by inserting it in the User-Name attribute of
>    subsequent Diameter-EAP-Answer packets. Without the user's identity,
>    the Session-Id AVP MAY be used for accounting and billing, however
>    operationally this MAY be very difficult to manage.
> 
>    A home Diameter server MAY request EAP re-authentication by issuing
>    the Re-Auth-Request [2] message to the Diameter client.
> 
>    Should an EAP authentication session be interrupted due to a home
>    server failure, the session MAY be directed to an alternate server,
>    but the authentication session will have to be restarted from the
>    beginning.
> 
>    If a response is received with the Result-Code set to
>    DIAMETER_COMMAND_UNSUPPORTED [2], it is an indication that the
>    Diameter server in the home domain does not support EAP. If possible,
>    the access device MAY attempt to negotiate another authentication
>    protocol, such as PAP or CHAP. An access device SHOULD be cautious
>    when determining whether a less secure authentication protocol will
>    be used, since this could be a result of a bidding down attack.
> 
> 
> 4.1  Alternative uses
> 
>    Currently the conversation between the backend authentication server
>    and the Diameter server is proprietary because of lack of
>    standardization. In order to increase standardization and provide
>    interoperability between Diameter vendors and backend security
>    vendors, it is recommended that Diameter-encapsulated EAP be used for
>    this conversation.
> 
>    This has the advantage of allowing the Diameter server to support EAP
>    without the need for authentication-specific code within the Diameter
>    server. Authentication-specific code can then reside on a backend
>    authentication server instead.
> 
>    In the case where Diameter-encapsulated EAP is used in a conversation
>    between a Diameter server and a backend authentication server, the
>    latter will typically return an Diameter-EAP-Answer/EAP-Payload/EAP-
>    Success message without inclusion of the expected authorization AVPs
>    required in a successful response. This means that the Diameter
>    server MUST add these attributes prior to sending an Diameter-EAP-
>    Answer/EAP-Payload/EAP-Success message to the access device.
> 
> 4.2  Command-Codes Values
> 
>    This section defines new Command-Code [2] values that MUST be
>    supported by all Diameter implementations conforming to this
>    specification. The following Command Codes are defined in this
>    section:
> 
>       Command-Name             Abbrev.    Code       Reference
>       --------------------------------------------------------
>       Diameter-EAP-Answer       DEA       268          4.2.2
>       Diameter-EAP-Request      DER       268          4.2.1
> 
> 
> 
> 4.2.1  Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) Command
> 
>    The Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) command, indicated by the Command-Code
>    field set to 268 and the 'R' bit set in the Command Flags field, is
>    sent by a Diameter client to a Diameter server and conveys an EAP-
>    Response [25] from the EAP client. The Diameter-EAP-Request MUST
>    contain one EAP-Payload AVP, which contains the actual EAP payload.
>    An EAP-Payload AVP with no data MAY be sent to the Diameter server to
>    initiate an EAP authentication session.
> 
>    The DER message MAY be the result of a multi-round authentication
>    exchange, which occurs when the DEA is received with the Result-Code
>    AVP set to DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH. A subsequent DER message MUST
>    include any State AVPs that were present in the DEA. For re-
>    authentication, it is recommended that the Identity request be
>    skipped in order to reduce the number of authentication round trips.
>    This is only possible when the user's identity is already known by
>    the home Diameter server.
> 
> 
>    Message Format
> 
>       <Diameter-EAP-Request> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, REQ, PXY >
>                                  < Session-Id >
>                                  { Auth-Application-Id }
>                                  { Origin-Host }
>                                  { Origin-Realm }
>                                  { Destination-Realm }
>                                  { Service-Type }
>                                  { EAP-Payload }
>                                  [ Destination-Host ]
>                                  [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
>                                  [ Session-Timeout ]
>                                  [ User-Name ]
>                                  [ Idle-Timeout ]
>                                  [ NAS-IP-Address ]
>                                  [ NAS-Identifier ]
>                                  [ State ]
>                                  [ Origin-State-Id ]
>                                  [ NAS-Key-Binding ]
>                                * [ AVP ]
>                                * [ Proxy-Info ]
>                                * [ Route-Record ]
> 

This reminds me. Is there an accounting AVP that includes the EAP
authentication type? I think we need one. 

> 
> 4.2.2  Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) Command
> 
>    The Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) message, indicated by the Command-Code
>    field set to 268 and the 'R' bit cleared in the Command Flags field,
>    is sent by the Diameter server to the client for one of the following
>    reasons:
> 
>       1) The message is part of a multi-round authentication exchange,
>          and the server is expecting a subsequent Diameter-EAP-Request.
>          This is indicated by setting the Result-Code to
>          DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, and MAY include zero or more State
>          AVPs.
>       2) the EAP client has been successfully authenticated and
>          authorized, in which case the message MUST include the Result-
>          Code AVP indicating success, and SHOULD include an EAP-Payload
>          of type EAP-Success.  This event MUST cause the access device
>          to provide service to the EAP client.

Would delete the word "authorized", since EAP doesn't do authorization
per se. I think it is reasonable that a successful auth SHOULD include an
EAP-Success -- otherwise the AAA server would be granting access to
someone that the EAP module said was not authentic. 

>       3) The EAP client has not been successfully authenticated and/or
>          authorized, and the Result-Code AVP is set to indicate failure.
>          This message MAY include an EAP-Payload, but this AVP is not
>          used to determine whether service is to be provided.

I would say that it SHOULD include an EAP-Payload. We don't want to
encourage people not to include such a payload because the absence of one
will result in an IEEE 802.1X timeout. 

> 
>    If the message from the Diameter client included a request for
>    authorization, a successful response MUST include the authorization
>    AVPs that are relevant to the service being provided.
> 
>    Message Format
> 
>       <Diameter-EAP-Answer> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, PXY >
>                                 < Session-Id >
>                                 { Auth-Application-Id }
>                                 { Result-Code }
>                                 { Origin-Host }
>                                 { Origin-Realm }
>                                 { Destination-Host }
>                                 { Service-Type }
>                                 [ Error-Reporting-Host ]
>                                 [ EAP-Payload ]
>                                 [ User-Name ]
>                                 [ Idle-Timeout ]
>                                 [ Authorization-Lifetime ]
>                                 [ Session-Timeout ]
>                                 [ Origin-State-Id ]
>                               * [ NAS-Session-Key ]
>                               * [ AVP ]
>                               * [ Proxy-Info ]
>                               * [ Route-Record ]
> 
> 
> 4.3  EAP-Payload AVP
> 
>    The EAP-Payload AVP (AVP Code 402) is of type OctetString and is used
>    to encapsulate the actual EAP payload [25] that is being exchanged
>    between the EAP client and the home Diameter server.
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Jun 27 18:10:01 2001
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Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 14:58:50 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, david@mitton.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Re: Reviewed of  proposed EAP text
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Thanks for the review.

Comments below.

> >    A preferred approach is for the access device to issue the EAP-
> >    Request/Identity message to the EAP client, and forward the EAP-
> >    Response/Identity packet, encapsulated within the EAP-Payload AVP, as
> >    a Diameter-EAP-Request to the Diameter server. This alternative
> >    reduces the number of Diameter message round trips, and is compatible
> >    with roaming environments, since the Destination-Realm is needed by
> >    Diameter agents for routing purposes. Note that this alternative
> >    cannot be universally employed, as there are circumstances where a
> >    user's identity is not needed (such as when authorization occurs
> >    based on a calling or called phone number).
> 
> Actually, in this case doesn't the called or calling phone number end up
> in the User-Name AVP?

not in Diameter. The User-Name isn't mandatory, as it is in RADIUS. 

> >    If authorization was requested, a successful Diameter-EAP-Answer MUST
> >    also include the appropriate authorization AVPs required for the
> >    service requested (see sections 2.0, 6.0 and 7.0).
> > 
> 
> Can a Diameter message with Result-Code = DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH
> also contain such AVPs? I would not prohibit this, necessarily. 

ok.

> This reminds me. Is there an accounting AVP that includes the EAP
> authentication type? I think we need one. 

ok

> 
> > 
> > 4.2.2  Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) Command
> > 
> >    The Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) message, indicated by the Command-Code
> >    field set to 268 and the 'R' bit cleared in the Command Flags field,
> >    is sent by the Diameter server to the client for one of the following
> >    reasons:
> > 
> >       1) The message is part of a multi-round authentication exchange,
> >          and the server is expecting a subsequent Diameter-EAP-Request.
> >          This is indicated by setting the Result-Code to
> >          DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH, and MAY include zero or more State
> >          AVPs.
> >       2) the EAP client has been successfully authenticated and
> >          authorized, in which case the message MUST include the Result-
> >          Code AVP indicating success, and SHOULD include an EAP-Payload
> >          of type EAP-Success.  This event MUST cause the access device
> >          to provide service to the EAP client.
> 
> Would delete the word "authorized", since EAP doesn't do authorization
> per se. I think it is reasonable that a successful auth SHOULD include an
> EAP-Success -- otherwise the AAA server would be granting access to
> someone that the EAP module said was not authentic. 

in EAP terms no, but in Diameter terms, the user was both authenticated, and
authorized for service. The above text doesn't speak directly about the EAP
message, but the Diameter answer message. So, I think leaving the authorized
is fine.

> 
> >       3) The EAP client has not been successfully authenticated and/or
> >          authorized, and the Result-Code AVP is set to indicate failure.
> >          This message MAY include an EAP-Payload, but this AVP is not
> >          used to determine whether service is to be provided.
> 
> I would say that it SHOULD include an EAP-Payload. We don't want to
> encourage people not to include such a payload because the absence of one
> will result in an IEEE 802.1X timeout. 

ok

Thanks for the comments. Were there any additional issues that weren't covered
with the new text? Can I close this issue?

Thanks,

PatC


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>Can we close this issue?

From my perspective, yes. Anyone else in the WG have comments on this?



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 04:56:50 2001
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From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 91: MIP SPI
Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 10:52:27 +0200
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See comments.

> > > > 11) If there is a problem in the HA or FA with the SPI 
> generated by
> > > > the AAAH or AAAF, how could that be reported?
> > >
> > > reported by whom? The HA? Or one of the AAA servers?
> > >
> > > > 16) Whenever no MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in 
> the AMR, can we
> > > > assume that the SPI generated by the AAAH or AAAF can 
> be completely
> > > > random or not? Why can't the HA decide the SPI itself?
> > >
> > > There's no reason why, really :(
> > 
> > I'm still not quite sure to get the complete picture of how 
> the SPI should
> > be
> > handled in the AAA servers. Are we expecting the AAA 
> servers to use the
> > standard 0-255 SPI defined by IANA?, or are the AAA servers 
> expected to
> > handle to concept of SA, which normally contains and 
> defines their own
> > SPI values?
> 
> yes, the AAA creates the SPI values used for an SA. The SPI 
> number provided
> in the *Preferred-SPI AVPs are recommendations from the 
> Diameter agents on
> what values they'd like to see, to minimize the possibility 
> of conflict.
> However, the SPI address space is 32bits long, and therefore 
> clashes should
> be minimal. 

So, if I understand correctly, you are suggesting that the AAA
re-use the Preferred-SPI received in the AMR, right? In the case,
they are not received, then the AAA should generate a random 
32bits long SPI outside the range of the reserved SPI by IANA, right?

The problem here is that we are assuming that we are lucky enough to
not re-use an already defined SPI between the HA-FA, HA-MN and FA-MN.
I must admit that the chance is not great, but still there, unnecessarily.

> To address your other question, no we do not touch the 
> reserved SPIs defined by
> IANA.

OK, then the SPI MUST be outside the range of pre-defined SPIs
from IANA. Can you make that clear in the draft?

> > The thing is
> > that if Diameter needs to support the concept of SA, then 
> it seems to
> > be difficult for the AAA server to select an SPI on behalf 
> of the MN, the HA
> > and the FA.
> 
> but the MN provides its preferred SPI in the Generalized Key 
> Ext, and the FA
> provides its own in the MIP-FA-Preferred-SPI AVP. The Home 
> Agent is the only
> sticky point, and if the AAAH picks one that causes a 
> conflict on the HA, an
> error would be returned, which could include a new SPI, I 
> suppose. The AAAH
> would then try again. I suppose this is what needs to be documented.

Yes, that's my point. How can we inform the AAA that the chosen SPI
is already in use?

The easy solution would be to leave that selection of the SPIs to
the HA, since the AAA does not really care about it. In fact, the AAA
can still put everything it requires for security, in terms of algorithms,
replay-mode, key material, but should not care about the SPI. That would 
mean that the HA would become responsible for looking at the Registration
message, extract the Preferred-SPI itself from the MN, and select the SPI and create
a new one. The thing is that the HA is the one that owns the SA with the
MN and the FA, right? I don't see the point for the AAA to take a chance 
by chosing one that can possibly not be a valid one for the HA's SAs?

That means that HA would be responsible of the SPI field of the 
"Unsolicited MN-HA Key from AAA Subtype" and the "Unsolicited MN-FA Key 
from AAA Subtype". The Preferred-SPI AVPs would become obsolete, since
the HA could extract directly that information from the Registration 
message. Furthermore, the FA does not need to suggest an SPI, since the
HA would know the SPI available for the SA with the FA, if it receives
the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host AVP. The HA would need to return the selected
SPIs for the FA-HA and the FA-MN Session key AVPs, so that the AAA can return
them to the FA in a secured manner, if required.

Does that make sense or not?

> > Of course, the AAA can count on the Preferred-SPI from the FA
> > and the MN, in which case the AAA simply agrees with the 
> value. However,
> > if there is no Preferred-SPI AVPs in the AMR, then the AAAH needs to
> > generate
> > them, at the risk that they might already be used in the SA 
> defined between
> > the MN and the HA, or between the HA and the FA, or between 
> the FA and the
> > MN.
> > I think that it makes more sense for the HA to select the 
> required SPI
> > between
> > the HA-MN and HA-FA, if no Preferred-SPI is included in the AMR.
> 
> No, IMHO, if not Preferred-SPI is present, then no key is 
> generated. So,
> perhaps some associated text in the Feature-Vector is needed?

That seems to contradicts what you were saying earlier about the
need for the AAA to generate new SPIs, right?, or am I understanding
you wrong?

> PatC
> 

Martin


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 05:39:36 2001
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From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'Jacques Caron'" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu, "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 82: Reauthorization Issues
Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 11:35:00 +0200
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See comments.

> > > - In 10.7 (and elsewhere) clarify Authorization-Lifetime 
> (means Reauth
> > > should be performed) and Session-Timeout. Resources 
> should be liberated
> > > upon Session-Timeout only, not upon 
> Authorization-Lifetime expiration.
> >
> >but it is valid for an answer message to only include the 
> >Authorization-Lifetime,
> >and not the Session-Timeout.
> 
> The problem is that if Authorization-Lifetime is a trigger 
> for a reauth 
> request, then there should be some time between the start of 
> the reauth and 
> really freeing all associated resources. But there should be 
> an absolute 
> maximum to the session duration.
> 
> I would say that if there is an Authorization-Lifetime, there 
> should be a 
> Session-Timeout too, with a value slightly higher. In other words, 
> Authorization-Lifetime just means "ask for a reauth after n 
> seconds". If 
> that doesn't happen, then the session is dropped because of 
> Session-Timeout, not because of Authorization-Lifetime 
> (otherwise there is 
> a duplicate in semantics).

A Diameter client must send a re-auth message at the Authorization-Lifetime
expiration, and free all resources if it can not get a re-auth answer before
the Session Time-out expiration. Is it what the Session Time-out AVP is 
supposed to be used for in the answer?, or is it left to the client itself
to take the proper action when it can not get a re-auth answer?

A Diameter Home server, informs the client of the Authorization-Lifetime,
which means that the client should re-auth before the expiration of the
Authorization-Lifetime, right? Should it send the re-auth at the expiration
of the Authorization-Lifetime?, or slightly before? MUST the AAAH release
resources or not, when the Authorization-Lifetime has expired? What seems to
make sense to me, is that the client should send the re-auth message at the 
Authorization-Lifetime, while the AAAH server expects a re-auth to be received
from the client before the Session-Time-out expires. That would mean that 
the AAAH would only free resources once the Session-Time-out has expired in
the AAAH server. The Session-Timeout should be reset after the re-auth 
request is re-authorized by the server.

I don't really see the point of having a Session-timeout that disconnect
a client independently of authorization.

A problem we are having right now with the actual specification, is that
if a AAA Home release a session based on the Authorization-Lifetime 
expiration, because the client is late sending the re-auth, what
should the AAA Home do when it receives it? Since there is no difference 
in the AA-Request for initial authentication+Authorization, then I guess
the AAA Home would authenticate+Authorize and return a new IP address and
authorization AVPs, right? That is a problem. So, if we release the session
only after the Session-Timeout, it reduces the risk of receiving a late
re-auth message, but it still remains. Should we have an additionnal 
information in the AA-Request informing the AAA Home that the client is
asking either for an initial auth, or a re-auth?

> > > - Change name of Authorization-Lifetime to Reauthorization-Timeout
> >
> >I'm not particularly fond of this one.
> 
> Depends on the exact semantics of the AVP as detailed above.

I agree.

> > > - Authorization-Lifetime and Session-Timeout based from start of 
> > Session or
> > > from receipt of message (in reauth)?
> >
> >ok, this should be clarified. Of course, I wonder what the 
> right answer is.
> >a couple of options:
> >
> >1. a re-auth is expected after Authorization-Lifetime, and 
> if no answer
> >    is received by Session-Timeout, resources are cleaned up.
> 
> That's what I think, but the issue is:
> - upon reauth, there should be a new Authorization-Lifetime & 
> Session-Timeout.
> - from when are these counted? The original authorization, or 
> the new one?
> 
> >2. Session-Timeout is the end of the session. The user is 
> free to re-auth,
> >    but once session-timeout expires (from the beginning of 
> the session),
> >    it's game over.
> 
> Don't quite see the difference (other than you don't mention 
> Auth-Lifetime)?
> 
> > > - In reauth, is it allowed to change authorization 
> parameters (filters,
> > > IPs...)?
> >
> >good question. perhaps some text stating that 
> non-conflicting authorization
> >information MAY be returned in re-auth messages.
> 
> How do you define "non-conflicting"? A few "hints" on that...
> - it is quite useful to be able to change filters on the fly 
> (e.g. a user 
> starts with restricted filters, then something external makes 
> us open the 
> filters. Or the opposite, a user starts with full access, but 
> then upon 
> reauth we find out that he's out of credits, but we still 
> want him/her to 
> have access to a specific www site to buy some more, so we just close 
> filters instead of just disconnecting the user)
> - some things like IP addresses are quite harder to change on 
> the fly, at 
> least in an PPP context.

Good question! Should the AAA make a distinction between authorization
and re-authorization?

> [which raises an interesting point, does Diameter have 
> everything needed to 
> centralize DHCP authorization?]

What do you mean? Should the client connects directly to DHCP?, or
should the AAA returns an equivalent DHCP information to the client?
I think that Mobile-IP WG went through the same discussion.

> 
> Jacques.
> 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 09:44:15 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 91: MIP SPI
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On Thu, Jun 28, 2001 at 10:52:27AM +0200, Martin Julien (ECE) wrote:
> See comments.
> 
> > > > > 11) If there is a problem in the HA or FA with the SPI 
> > generated by
> > > > > the AAAH or AAAF, how could that be reported?
> > > >
> > > > reported by whom? The HA? Or one of the AAA servers?
> > > >
> > > > > 16) Whenever no MIP-*-Preferred-SPI AVP is included in 
> > the AMR, can we
> > > > > assume that the SPI generated by the AAAH or AAAF can 
> > be completely
> > > > > random or not? Why can't the HA decide the SPI itself?
> > > >
> > > > There's no reason why, really :(
> > > 
> > > I'm still not quite sure to get the complete picture of how 
> > the SPI should
> > > be
> > > handled in the AAA servers. Are we expecting the AAA 
> > servers to use the
> > > standard 0-255 SPI defined by IANA?, or are the AAA servers 
> > expected to
> > > handle to concept of SA, which normally contains and 
> > defines their own
> > > SPI values?
> > 
> > yes, the AAA creates the SPI values used for an SA. The SPI 
> > number provided
> > in the *Preferred-SPI AVPs are recommendations from the 
> > Diameter agents on
> > what values they'd like to see, to minimize the possibility 
> > of conflict.
> > However, the SPI address space is 32bits long, and therefore 
> > clashes should
> > be minimal. 
> 
> So, if I understand correctly, you are suggesting that the AAA
> re-use the Preferred-SPI received in the AMR, right? In the case,
> they are not received, then the AAA should generate a random 
> 32bits long SPI outside the range of the reserved SPI by IANA, right?

correct

> 
> The problem here is that we are assuming that we are lucky enough to
> not re-use an already defined SPI between the HA-FA, HA-MN and FA-MN.
> I must admit that the chance is not great, but still there, unnecessarily.

Well, we have to play a probability game here, but with 2^32, the chances
are quite small, even more so if one actually binds the SPI to the destination
address.

> 
> > To address your other question, no we do not touch the 
> > reserved SPIs defined by
> > IANA.
> 
> OK, then the SPI MUST be outside the range of pre-defined SPIs
> from IANA. Can you make that clear in the draft?

ok.

> 
> > > The thing is
> > > that if Diameter needs to support the concept of SA, then 
> > it seems to
> > > be difficult for the AAA server to select an SPI on behalf 
> > of the MN, the HA
> > > and the FA.
> > 
> > but the MN provides its preferred SPI in the Generalized Key 
> > Ext, and the FA
> > provides its own in the MIP-FA-Preferred-SPI AVP. The Home 
> > Agent is the only
> > sticky point, and if the AAAH picks one that causes a 
> > conflict on the HA, an
> > error would be returned, which could include a new SPI, I 
> > suppose. The AAAH
> > would then try again. I suppose this is what needs to be documented.
> 
> Yes, that's my point. How can we inform the AAA that the chosen SPI
> is already in use?
> 
> The easy solution would be to leave that selection of the SPIs to
> the HA, since the AAA does not really care about it. In fact, the AAA
> can still put everything it requires for security, in terms of algorithms,
> replay-mode, key material, but should not care about the SPI. That would 
> mean that the HA would become responsible for looking at the Registration
> message, extract the Preferred-SPI itself from the MN, and select the SPI and create
> a new one. The thing is that the HA is the one that owns the SA with the
> MN and the FA, right? I don't see the point for the AAA to take a chance 
> by chosing one that can possibly not be a valid one for the HA's SAs?

This is a possibility.

> 
> That means that HA would be responsible of the SPI field of the 
> "Unsolicited MN-HA Key from AAA Subtype" and the "Unsolicited MN-FA Key 
> from AAA Subtype". The Preferred-SPI AVPs would become obsolete, since
> the HA could extract directly that information from the Registration 
> message. Furthermore, the FA does not need to suggest an SPI, since the
> HA would know the SPI available for the SA with the FA, if it receives
> the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host AVP. The HA would need to return the selected
> SPIs for the FA-HA and the FA-MN Session key AVPs, so that the AAA can return
> them to the FA in a secured manner, if required.
> 
> Does that make sense or not?

ok, so the Diameter draft could state that the AAAH still inserts an SPI, but
the HA is allowed to override that value if it is deemed necessary. Would this
work?

> 
> > > Of course, the AAA can count on the Preferred-SPI from the FA
> > > and the MN, in which case the AAA simply agrees with the 
> > value. However,
> > > if there is no Preferred-SPI AVPs in the AMR, then the AAAH needs to
> > > generate
> > > them, at the risk that they might already be used in the SA 
> > defined between
> > > the MN and the HA, or between the HA and the FA, or between 
> > the FA and the
> > > MN.
> > > I think that it makes more sense for the HA to select the 
> > required SPI
> > > between
> > > the HA-MN and HA-FA, if no Preferred-SPI is included in the AMR.
> > 
> > No, IMHO, if not Preferred-SPI is present, then no key is 
> > generated. So,
> > perhaps some associated text in the Feature-Vector is needed?
> 
> That seems to contradicts what you were saying earlier about the
> need for the AAA to generate new SPIs, right?, or am I understanding
> you wrong?

Not sure. I think that the Preferred-SPIs MUST be present for key request,
since the SPIs are present in the MIP Key Request extension, so it is 
trivial for an FA to include these values in the Diameter message. I think
that we should mandate that the FA include these values. What do you think?

PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 11:26:56 2001
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Date: Wed, 27 Jun 2001 21:48:19 -0600
From: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
Organization: Interlink Networks, Inc.
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To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: Jonathan Wood <Jonathan.Wood@Sun.COM>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Comments on draft-ietf-aaa-transport-03.txt
References: <200106042347.QAA11186@heliopolis.eng.sun.com> <20010604200739.T22616@charizard.diameter.org>
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Pat Calhoun wrote:
> 
> On Mon, Jun 04, 2001 at 04:47:45PM -0700, Jonathan Wood wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Should read "The AAA client SHOULD wait for the transport layer
> > > > to report connection" success, but MAY chose to bound this wait
> > > > time by the watchdog interval, Tw."
> > > >
> > > > The intent is to let the transport layer decide when a connection
> > > > attempt has failed (TCP and SCTP both retransmit and back off
> > > > connection attempts). However, in some cases, the RTO can
> > > > grow quite large, which means it may take minutes for the
> > > > transport to decide that a connection attempt has failed. The
> > > > second half of the sentence, "but MAY chose ..." gives the
> > > > AAA layer a way out of this, by limiting the wait time to
> > > > something more reasonable.
> > > >
> > > > Let me know if you still think it needs fixing.
> > > s/bound/bind/
> >
> > Hmm my Websters agrees with 'bound'. How about
> > s/bound/limit
> > and be done with it?
> Deal!
> 
> PatC

Argh!  "...bound this wait time by the watchdog interval..." was just fine. 
Now the draft reads  "...limit this wait time by the watchdog interval..". 
I think you bound by, but you limit to.  So the text should read: "...limit
this wait time to the watchdog interval..."

Meanwhile, the real problem with that sentence remains uncorrected:

   s/chose/choose

Sheesh!

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 11:32:09 2001
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Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 08:21:04 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 62: e2e unnecessary step via pkcs7-mime
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All,

I discussed this issue with Stephen Farrell, and the reason
why this step is done is to use existing S/MIME toolkits. 
Removing this step would require that one either write the
code, or use a toolkit with a lower layer set of APIs.

So, this issue is rejected.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 12:29:44 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "AAA Listan" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 18:31:23 +0200
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Submitter name: Fredrik Johansson
Submitter email address: fredrik@ipunplugged.com
Date first submitted: 28-Jun-2001
Reference:
Document: base-06
Comment type: T
Priority: S
Section: 3.0,
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

The end-to-end identifier is not monotonically increasing, thus it requires
a server to save all identifers on a per host basis to be able to see if the
message has been received before. Some describing text is also missing on
how a server should treat a message that it has received before.

Requested change:

Make the e-2-e identifier monotonically increasing and suggest that the
server stores the identifiers in the same manner as done in AH (section
3.4.3 in RFC 2402) but with a suggested value of 128 as default window.

Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply with the same
answer as last time.

/Fredrik



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 12:34:43 2001
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Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 18:34:42 +0200
To: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Cc: "AAA Listan" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
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At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
>identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply with the same
>answer as last time.

Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only issue is that 
it should not do the same processing again, if that has "consequences" on 
anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).

Jacques.


_________________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 13:29:34 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
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On Thu, 28 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:

> At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> >Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
> >identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply with the same
> >answer as last time.
> 
> Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only issue is that 
> it should not do the same processing again, if that has "consequences" on 
> anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).

So, am I interpreting this right?  A server that serves 100
clients and has a window of 128 will have to remember how it
replied for 12800 packets?

What if it receives something below the window?  Do you just
drop the packet, or make up a best guess for the reply?

-mark

> 
> Jacques.
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 14:45:37 2001
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Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 14:18:28 -0400
To: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
        Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
        Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
From: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Fredrik,

I think there's some misunderstanding as to how the End-To-End Identifier 
is used.

The End-To-End Identifiers are, by definition, not hop-by-hop, so there's no 
guarantee that a server will receive them in any particular sequence. A server 
may get messages wildly out of order from the same client, because they are 
routed through different proxies.

My understanding of how it's supposed to be used is this: A server would 
keep a cache of answers by Origin-Host + End-To-End Identifier. If a 
new request arrives that's already in the cache, instead of processing the 
request normally, it just sends back the same answer. How to manage 
(or whether to even provide) such a cache would be implementation 
dependent.

The problem this solves is that if a proxy goes down, pending requests will 
be rerouted to another proxy. The home server will thus receive two identical 
requests in unknown order; that is, it can't tell which request came over the 
good path and which came over the bad. Therefore it should respond to both 
identically.

I do think that the language for End-To-End-Identifier should mirror more 
closely the language for Hop-By-Hop Identifier, to indicate that it is 
typically randomly initialized and incremented, etc. But it need not be 
monotonically increased and there can't be a window.

Paul


At 06:31 PM 6/28/01 +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>Submitter name: Fredrik Johansson
>Submitter email address: fredrik@ipunplugged.com
>Date first submitted: 28-Jun-2001
>Reference:
>Document: base-06
>Comment type: T
>Priority: S
>Section: 3.0,
>Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>
>The end-to-end identifier is not monotonically increasing, thus it requires
>a server to save all identifers on a per host basis to be able to see if the
>message has been received before. Some describing text is also missing on
>how a server should treat a message that it has received before.
>
>Requested change:
>
>Make the e-2-e identifier monotonically increasing and suggest that the
>server stores the identifiers in the same manner as done in AH (section
>3.4.3 in RFC 2402) but with a suggested value of 128 as default window.
>
>Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
>identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply with the same
>answer as last time.
>
>/Fredrik

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 17:36:18 2001
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Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 14:25:06 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Message-ID: <20010628142506.Q22915@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Here is the proposed text for Issue 87. The main difference here is support
for QoS filters.

Comments appreciated,

PatC
----

      FilterRule
         The FilterRule format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
         Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
         on the following information that is associated with it:

            Direction                          (in or out)
            Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
            Protocol
            Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
            TCP flags
            IP fragment flag
            IP options
            DSCP values                        (no mask or range)
            ICMP types

         Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
         with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
         packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
         dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
         the last rule was a deny.

         The filters in the Filter-Rule AVP MUST follow the format:

            action dir proto from src to dst [options]

            action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
                         deny   - Drop packets that match the rule.
                         tag    - Mark packet with a specific DSCP [49].
                                  The DSCP option MUST be included.
                         meter  - Meter traffic. The metering options
                                  MUST be included.

            dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
                         terminal.

            proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
                         keyword means any protocol will match.

            src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]

                         The <address/mask> may be specified as:
                         ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
                                    quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
                                    this exact IP number will match the
                                    rule.
                         ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
                                    width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
                                    this case all IP numbers from
                                    1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
                                    The bit width MUST be valid for the
                                    IP version and the IP number MUST
                                    NOT have bits set beyond the mask.

                         The sense of the match can be inverted by
                         preceding an address with the not modifier,
                         causing all other addresses to be matched
                         instead.  This does not affect the selection of
                         port numbers.

                            The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
                            equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
                            address or set of addresses assigned to the
                            terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
                            ip !assigned".

                         With the TCP and UDP protocols, optional ports
                         may be specified as:

                            {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]

                         The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
                         (including boundaries).

                         Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
                         (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
                         a rule which has one or more port
                         specifications.  See the frag option for
                         details on matching fragmented packets.

            options:
               frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
                       the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
                       be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
                       TCP/UDP port specifications.

               ipoptions spec
                       Match if the IP header contains the comma
                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
                       supported IP options are:

                       ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
                       route), rr (record packet route) and ts
                       (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
                       may be denoted with a `!'.

               tcpoptions spec
                       Match if the TCP header contains the comma
                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
                       supported TCP options are:

                       mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
                       advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
                       timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
                       count).  The absence of a particular option may
                       be denoted with a `!'.

               established
                       TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
                       or ACK bits set.

               setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
                       bit set but no ACK bit.

               tcpflags spec
                       TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
                       contains the comma separated list of flags
                       specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:

                       fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
                       particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
                       which contains a tcpflags specification can never
                       match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
                       offset.  See the frag option for details on
                       matching fragmented packets.

               DSCP <color>
                       color values as defined in [49]. Exact matching
                       of DSCP values is required (no masks or ranges).
                       the "deny" can replace the color_under or
                       color_over values in the meter action for rate-
                       dependent packet drop.

               metering <rate> <color_under> <color_over>
                       The metering option provides Assured Forwarding,
                       as defined in [50], and MUST be present if the
                       action is set to meter. The rate option is the
                       throughput, in bits per second, which is used by
                       the access device to mark packets. Traffic above
                       the rate is marked with the color_over codepoint,
                       while traffic under the rate is marked with the
                       color_under codepoint. The color_under and
                       color_over options contain the drop preferences,
                       and MUST conform to the recommended codepoint
                       keywords described in [50] (e.g. AF13).

                       The metering option also supports the strict
                       limit on traffic required by Expedited
                       Forwarding, as defined in [51]. The color_over
                       option may contain the keyword "drop" to prevent
                       forwarding of traffic that exceeds the rate
                       parameter.

               icmptypes types
                       ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
                       the list types. The list may be specified as any
                       combination of ranges or individual types
                       separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
                       are:

                       echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
                       source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
                       (8), router advertisement (9), router
                       solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
                       header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
                       timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
                       information reply (16), address mask request (17)
                       and address mask reply (18).

         There is one kind of packet that the access device MUST always
         discard, that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.
         This is a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to
         circumvent firewalls.

            An access device that is unable to interpret or apply a deny
            rule MUST terminate the session.  An access device that is
            unable to interpret or apply a permit rule MAY apply a more
            restrictive rule.  An access device MAY apply deny rules of
            its own before the supplied rules, for example to protect
            the access device owner's infrastructure.

         The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
         and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
         implementations.

[...]
   [49] K. Nichols, S. Blake, F. Baker, D. Black, "Definition of the
        Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6
        Headers," RFC 2474, December 1998.

   [50] J. Heinanen, F. Baker, W. Weiss, J. Wroclawski, "Assured For-
        warding PHB Group," RFC 2597, June 1999.

   [51] V. Jacobson, K. Nichols, K. Poduri, "An Expedited Forwarding
        PHB", RFC 2598, June 1999.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 19:39:36 2001
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Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 19:39:43 -0400
From: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Message-ID: <20010628193943.A58185@tp.databus.com>
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Now that fancy metering features have been added, we must specify 
the behavior of the access device if it does not support such
advanced functionality.

Barney


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 20:14:09 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
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On Thu, Jun 28, 2001 at 07:39:43PM -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
> Now that fancy metering features have been added, we must specify 
> the behavior of the access device if it does not support such
> advanced functionality.

I'm not sure we do. The RFCs referenced go out of their way to 
define how metering is done. I see no reason why the AAA WG needs
to worry about that (just like we don't discuss how tunneling is
done).

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 20:37:26 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>,
        "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 91: MIP SPI
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> > So, if I understand correctly, you are suggesting that the AAA
> > re-use the Preferred-SPI received in the AMR, right? In the case,
> > they are not received, then the AAA should generate a random 
> > 32bits long SPI outside the range of the reserved SPI by IANA, right?
> 
> correct
> 
> > 
> > The problem here is that we are assuming that we are lucky enough to
> > not re-use an already defined SPI between the HA-FA, HA-MN and FA-MN.
> > I must admit that the chance is not great, but still there, unnecessarily.
> 
> Well, we have to play a probability game here, but with 2^32, the chances
> are quite small, even more so if one actually binds the SPI to the destination
> address.
> 
> > 
> > > To address your other question, no we do not touch the 
> > > reserved SPIs defined by
> > > IANA.
> > 
> > OK, then the SPI MUST be outside the range of pre-defined SPIs
> > from IANA. Can you make that clear in the draft?
> 
> ok.

I have added a sentence to the end of the paragraph below:

6.2.5  MIP-Peer-SPI AVP

   The MIP-Peer-SPI AVP (AVP Code 342) is of type Unsigned32, and
   contains the Security Parameter Index to use to reference the key in
   the associated MIP-Session-Key AVP. The SPI created MUST NOT be a
   value between zero (0) and 255, which is the reserved namespace
   defined in [4].

> > That means that HA would be responsible of the SPI field of the 
> > "Unsolicited MN-HA Key from AAA Subtype" and the "Unsolicited MN-FA Key 
> > from AAA Subtype". The Preferred-SPI AVPs would become obsolete, since
> > the HA could extract directly that information from the Registration 
> > message. Furthermore, the FA does not need to suggest an SPI, since the
> > HA would know the SPI available for the SA with the FA, if it receives
> > the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host AVP. The HA would need to return the selected
> > SPIs for the FA-HA and the FA-MN Session key AVPs, so that the AAA can return
> > them to the FA in a secured manner, if required.
> > 
> > Does that make sense or not?
> 
> ok, so the Diameter draft could state that the AAAH still inserts an SPI, but
> the HA is allowed to override that value if it is deemed necessary. Would this
> work?

But if the HA doesn't like the SPI assigned for the FA-HA, how could it 
change the SPI and inform the AAAH? I believe that if the HA could simply
refuse the request with an error such as "BAD SPI", and include the
Peer-SPI in an AVP, then the AAAH could try again with a new SPI. This
would lead to multiple round trips between the AAAH and the HA when such
an error occurs, but again, the probability is quite low, considering we
have 2^32 to play with (and SPIs are bound to destination addresses).

> > That seems to contradicts what you were saying earlier about the
> > need for the AAA to generate new SPIs, right?, or am I understanding
> > you wrong?
> 
> Not sure. I think that the Preferred-SPIs MUST be present for key request,
> since the SPIs are present in the MIP Key Request extension, so it is 
> trivial for an FA to include these values in the Diameter message. I think
> that we should mandate that the FA include these values. What do you think?

I have added sentences to the end of all of the following paragraphs:

4.7  MIP-Feature-Vector AVP

   [...]
   Whenever the Foreign Agent sets either the Mobile-Node-Home-Address-
   Requested flag or the Home-Agent-Request flag to one, it MUST set the
   MN-HA-Key-Request flag to one. The MN-HA-Key-Request flag is also set
   to one if the mobile node includes a Generalized MN-HA Key Request
   [15] extension, with the subtype set to AAA. If set, the MIP-MN-HA-
   Preferred-SPI AVP MUST be present.

   If the mobile node includes a Generalized MN-FA Key Request [15]
   extension with the AAA subtype in its Registration Request, the
   Foreign Agent sets the MN-FA-Key-Request flag to one in the MIP-
   Feature-Vector AVP. If set, the MIP-FA-MN-Preferred-SPI AVP MUST be
   present.

   [...]
   If the Foreign Agent's local policy allows it to receive AAA Session
   Keys, and it does not have any existing keys with the Home Agent, it
   MAY set the FA-HA-Key-Request flag. If set, the MIP-FA-HA-Preferred-
   SPI AVP MUST be present.

and just for clarity, I have added a sentence to the end of the paragraph:

6.5  MIP-MN-HA-Preferred-SPI AVP

   The MIP-MN-HA-Preferred-SPI AVP (AVP Code 323) is of type Unsigned32
   and is sent in the AA-Mobile-Node-Request by the Foreign Agent. The
   AVP contains the SPI that the Mobile Node would prefer to have
   assigned by the AAAH in the MIP-MN-to-HA-Key AVP, taken from the
   Generalized MN-HA Key Request [15] extension.

Is this better?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Jun 28 21:25:11 2001
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Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2001 21:25:19 -0400
From: Barney Wolff <barney@databus.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Message-ID: <20010628212519.A58869@tp.databus.com>
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I'm confused.  You mean that support for those two RFCs is now
mandatory?  For all access devices or only those that support
Diameter?  If not, then what should the access device do with
a filter rule that instructs it to meter?  We've said what to
do if you can't exactly implement a drop or permit filter rule,
how is this different?

Barney

On Thu, Jun 28, 2001 at 05:03:06PM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> On Thu, Jun 28, 2001 at 07:39:43PM -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
> > Now that fancy metering features have been added, we must specify 
> > the behavior of the access device if it does not support such
> > advanced functionality.
> 
> I'm not sure we do. The RFCs referenced go out of their way to 
> define how metering is done. I see no reason why the AAA WG needs
> to worry about that (just like we don't discuss how tunneling is
> done).
> 
> PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 01:45:17 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
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A comment. I think you also need to accomodate Layer 2 filters based on
MAC address, Ethertype, etc. Remember, AAA is now implemented on otherwise
purely Layer 2 devices. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 01:49:31 2001
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File an issue on this and include the recommended text. 

Anyone else with an issue to file on transport-04, please get them in
ASAP, so I can make the changes by the deadline. 



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 03:13:06 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Paul Funk" <paul@funk.com>, "Mark Eklund" <meklund@cisco.com>,
        "Jacques Caron" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 09:14:30 +0200
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Paul,

see comments below
/Fredrik

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Paul Funk [mailto:paul@funk.com]
>Sent: den 28 juni 2001 20:18
>To: Fredrik Johansson; Mark Eklund; Jacques Caron
>Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
>
>
>Fredrik,
>
>I think there's some misunderstanding as to how the End-To-End Identifier
>is used.
>
>The End-To-End Identifiers are, by definition, not hop-by-hop, so
>there's no
>guarantee that a server will receive them in any particular
>sequence. A server
>may get messages wildly out of order from the same client, because
>they are
>routed through different proxies.


I'm aware that the e2e identifier is from the origin host and that it can
not be guaranteed to be received in order, that's why I believe that it
would be easier to keep a caching window of monotonically increased numbers
(you can even make the implementation smart and store sequences of received
e2e identifiers in the window). If the identifier is monotonically
increasing it makes it easier to maintain the window.

By keeping a window you limit the number of e2e identifiers that you need to
save, if you receive something the the left of the window you have to try to
figure out if it can be a new request (wrap around on the identifier) or if
it's a old request. A new one is ofcourse processed and a old is discarded.

>
>My understanding of how it's supposed to be used is this: A server would
>keep a cache of answers by Origin-Host + End-To-End Identifier. If a
>new request arrives that's already in the cache, instead of processing the
>request normally, it just sends back the same answer. How to manage
>(or whether to even provide) such a cache would be implementation
>dependent.

By host I mean Origin-Host. Why do you have to send back the same answer, if
it something you already processed once you'll have sent an answer. And
since we have reliable transport we should be able to assume that it reaches
the Origin-host of the request. The windowing mechanism can be made
implementation specific, however a monotonically increased identifier makes
it easier to optimize such a solution.

Is it reasonable to save all answers for all clients for all e2e
identifiers?!? That'll take alot of memory

>
>The problem this solves is that if a proxy goes down, pending
>requests will
>be rerouted to another proxy. The home server will thus receive
>two identical
>requests in unknown order; that is, it can't tell which request
>came over the
>good path and which came over the bad. Therefore it should respond to both
>identically.
>
>I do think that the language for End-To-End-Identifier should mirror more
>closely the language for Hop-By-Hop Identifier, to indicate that it is
>typically randomly initialized and incremented, etc. But it need not be
>monotonically increased and there can't be a window.

Ok, there doesn't have to be a window, but somehow you probably would like
to limit the amount of memory taken in your implementation and a window
would do that.

>
>Paul
>
>
>At 06:31 PM 6/28/01 +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>>Submitter name: Fredrik Johansson
>>Submitter email address: fredrik@ipunplugged.com
>>Date first submitted: 28-Jun-2001
>>Reference:
>>Document: base-06
>>Comment type: T
>>Priority: S
>>Section: 3.0,
>>Rationale/Explanation of issue:
>>
>>The end-to-end identifier is not monotonically increasing, thus
>it requires
>>a server to save all identifers on a per host basis to be able to
>see if the
>>message has been received before. Some describing text is also missing on
>>how a server should treat a message that it has received before.
>>
>>Requested change:
>>
>>Make the e-2-e identifier monotonically increasing and suggest that the
>>server stores the identifiers in the same manner as done in AH (section
>>3.4.3 in RFC 2402) but with a suggested value of 128 as default window.
>>
>>Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
>>identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply with the same
>>answer as last time.
>>
>>/Fredrik
>
>Paul Funk
>Funk Software, Inc.
>617 497-6339
>paul@funk.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 03:17:34 2001
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From: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
To: "Mark Eklund" <meklund@cisco.com>,
        "Jacques Caron" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: "AAA Listan" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 09:19:15 +0200
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>
>On Thu, 28 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
>
>> At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>> >Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
>> >identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply with the same
>> >answer as last time.
>>
>> Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only
>issue is that
>> it should not do the same processing again, if that has
>"consequences" on
>> anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).
>
>So, am I interpreting this right?  A server that serves 100
>clients and has a window of 128 will have to remember how it
>replied for 12800 packets?

Sound like alot of answers to save, I'm not sure (probably don't understand,
so someone please enlighten me) why you have to reply with the same answer.
If it's an request you already answered to why just not drop it?

>
>What if it receives something below the window?  Do you just
>drop the packet, or make up a best guess for the reply?

I guess you have to try to figure out if it can be a wrap around in the e2e
identifier or if it's an old one. No matter how you define the e2e
identifier (monotonically increased or just increased) you will have to take
care of the wrap around. With a monotonically increased identifier you'll
encounter the problem less often.

/Fredrik

>
>-mark
>
>>
>> Jacques.
>>
>>
>> _________________________________________________________
>> Do You Yahoo!?
>> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
>>
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 03:59:03 2001
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From: "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
To: "'Pat Calhoun'" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        "Martin Julien (ECE)" <Martin.Julien@ece.ericsson.se>
Cc: "'aaa-wg@merit.edu'" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 91: MIP SPI
Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 09:59:12 +0200
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> > The easy solution would be to leave that selection of the SPIs to
> > the HA, since the AAA does not really care about it. In 
> fact, the AAA
> > can still put everything it requires for security, in terms 
> of algorithms,
> > replay-mode, key material, but should not care about the 
> SPI. That would 
> > mean that the HA would become responsible for looking at 
> the Registration
> > message, extract the Preferred-SPI itself from the MN, and 
> select the SPI and create
> > a new one. The thing is that the HA is the one that owns 
> the SA with the
> > MN and the HA, right? I don't see the point for the AAA to 
> take a chance 
> > by chosing one that can possibly not be a valid one for the 
> HA's SAs?
> 
> This is a possibility.
> 

And that is my favorite option. 

The HA would select a SPI for the MN-HA SA and the FA-HA SA.
The thing is that it is not so easy for the FA to suggest a
Preferred HA-FA SPI, since it might not know the HA yet, since
it needs to be allocated by the AAAH. The HA-FA SPI, allocated by the
HA, could be returned in the HAA, to inform the AAAH about it,
so that it can include it in the FA-HA Key AVP destined to the FA.
In that example, there is no need for a Preferred HA-FA SPI, neither
for a Preferred HA-MN SPI, right?

The FA would then be responsible for allocating the SPI of the SA 
between the FA and the MN. In the AMR, the FA would include the 
allocated FA-MN SPI for the AAAF to keep the SPI value, in case
it supports returning an existing set of Session keys a new
FA, when the MN is roaming. In that example, there is no need for 
a Preferred MN-FA SPI, right?

> > That means that HA would be responsible of the SPI field of the 
> > "Unsolicited MN-HA Key from AAA Subtype" and the 
> "Unsolicited MN-FA Key 
> > from AAA Subtype". The Preferred-SPI AVPs would become 
> obsolete, since
> > the HA could extract directly that information from the 
> Registration 
> > message. Furthermore, the FA does not need to suggest an 
> SPI, since the
> > HA would know the SPI available for the SA with the FA, if 
> it receives
> > the MIP-Foreign-Agent-Host AVP. The HA would need to return 
> the selected
> > SPIs for the FA-HA and the FA-MN Session key AVPs, so that 
> the AAA can return
> > them to the FA in a secured manner, if required.
> > 
> > Does that make sense or not?
> 
> ok, so the Diameter draft could state that the AAAH still 
> inserts an SPI, but
> the HA is allowed to override that value if it is deemed 
> necessary. Would this
> work?

I think so, but I still do not see the need for the AAAH to be
involved at all in that allocation, not even in forwarding the
Preferred-SPI.

> > > > Of course, the AAA can count on the Preferred-SPI from the FA
> > > > and the MN, in which case the AAA simply agrees with the 
> > > value. However,
> > > > if there is no Preferred-SPI AVPs in the AMR, then the 
> AAAH needs to
> > > > generate
> > > > them, at the risk that they might already be used in the SA 
> > > defined between
> > > > the MN and the HA, or between the HA and the FA, or between 
> > > the FA and the
> > > > MN.
> > > > I think that it makes more sense for the HA to select the 
> > > required SPI
> > > > between
> > > > the HA-MN and HA-FA, if no Preferred-SPI is included in the AMR.
> > > 
> > > No, IMHO, if not Preferred-SPI is present, then no key is 
> > > generated. So,
> > > perhaps some associated text in the Feature-Vector is needed?
> > 
> > That seems to contradicts what you were saying earlier about the
> > need for the AAA to generate new SPIs, right?, or am I understanding
> > you wrong?
> 
> Not sure. I think that the Preferred-SPIs MUST be present for 
> key request,
> since the SPIs are present in the MIP Key Request extension, so it is 
> trivial for an FA to include these values in the Diameter 
> message. I think
> that we should mandate that the FA include these values. What 
> do you think?

But maybe not the HA-FA SPI, in the case where you do not know the
HA yet?

> 
> PatC
> 

It depends if you agree with me that the Preferred-SPI AVPs are not required. 
I think we could use them, but since I don't see them very useful,
I think it would simplify the protocol to remove them and use an alternative
solution, which can never be wrong. Maybe you're thinking of something I 
have not realized yet, though?

Martin


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 05:16:26 2001
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
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Mmmm... Stupid question: if a device receives an 'M'-AVP it doesn't know, 
it sends back an error. Shouldn't there be an error also if a device 
receives an 'M'-AVP it doesn't *understand*, i.e. it knows the AVP but 
doesn't understand its contents/format?

Jacques.

At 02:03 29/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>On Thu, Jun 28, 2001 at 07:39:43PM -0400, Barney Wolff wrote:
> > Now that fancy metering features have been added, we must specify
> > the behavior of the access device if it does not support such
> > advanced functionality.
>
>I'm not sure we do. The RFCs referenced go out of their way to
>define how metering is done. I see no reason why the AAA WG needs
>to worry about that (just like we don't discuss how tunneling is
>done).
>
>PatC


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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
In-Reply-To: <20010628142506.Q22915@charizard.diameter.org>
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Hi,

Nice. Shouldn't the rate in the "meter" action also include burst/exess 
burst (e.g. Bc/Be) to perfectly define the rate? Also you might want to 
include a simple "permit" (with no color or anything).

Also, I'm not sure all the QoS stuff actually belongs there. In many cases, 
one wants QoS based on a filter-set, not a single filter-rule.

Maybe keeping the original FilterRule syntax, but then adding a specific 
QoSRule syntax that refences a set of FilterRules to then perform the 
metering would be better? This would require to have a way to identify 
filters (= sets of FilterRules), and to specify which are used for 
filtering, and which are used for other (QoS) purposes.

Alternatively, you might want to include a "meter number" in the metering 
rules, so that multiple rules can use the same meter (token bucket) to 
measure multiple types of traffic...

Also, if we're into QoS, what about traffic-shaping?

BTW, how are multiple rules specified? Multiple AVPs, or multiple rules 
within the same AVP (separated with \n maybe)? This isn't clear in the 
description.

Good luck!

Jacques.

At 23:25 28/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>All,
>
>Here is the proposed text for Issue 87. The main difference here is support
>for QoS filters.
>
>Comments appreciated,
>
>PatC
>----
>
>       FilterRule
>          The FilterRule format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
>          Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
>          requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
>          on the following information that is associated with it:
>
>             Direction                          (in or out)
>             Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
>             Protocol
>             Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
>             TCP flags
>             IP fragment flag
>             IP options
>             DSCP values                        (no mask or range)
>             ICMP types
>
>          Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
>          with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
>          packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
>          dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
>          the last rule was a deny.
>
>          The filters in the Filter-Rule AVP MUST follow the format:
>
>             action dir proto from src to dst [options]
>
>             action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
>                          deny   - Drop packets that match the rule.
>                          tag    - Mark packet with a specific DSCP [49].
>                                   The DSCP option MUST be included.
>                          meter  - Meter traffic. The metering options
>                                   MUST be included.
>
>             dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
>                          terminal.
>
>             proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
>                          keyword means any protocol will match.
>
>             src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
>
>                          The <address/mask> may be specified as:
>                          ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
>                                     quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
>                                     this exact IP number will match the
>                                     rule.
>                          ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
>                                     width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
>                                     this case all IP numbers from
>                                     1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
>                                     The bit width MUST be valid for the
>                                     IP version and the IP number MUST
>                                     NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
>
>                          The sense of the match can be inverted by
>                          preceding an address with the not modifier,
>                          causing all other addresses to be matched
>                          instead.  This does not affect the selection of
>                          port numbers.
>
>                             The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
>                             equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
>                             address or set of addresses assigned to the
>                             terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
>                             ip !assigned".
>
>                          With the TCP and UDP protocols, optional ports
>                          may be specified as:
>
>                             {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
>
>                          The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
>                          (including boundaries).
>
>                          Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
>                          (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
>                          a rule which has one or more port
>                          specifications.  See the frag option for
>                          details on matching fragmented packets.
>
>             options:
>                frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
>                        the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
>                        be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
>                        TCP/UDP port specifications.
>
>                ipoptions spec
>                        Match if the IP header contains the comma
>                        separated list of options specified in spec. The
>                        supported IP options are:
>
>                        ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
>                        route), rr (record packet route) and ts
>                        (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
>                        may be denoted with a `!'.
>
>                tcpoptions spec
>                        Match if the TCP header contains the comma
>                        separated list of options specified in spec. The
>                        supported TCP options are:
>
>                        mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
>                        advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
>                        timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
>                        count).  The absence of a particular option may
>                        be denoted with a `!'.
>
>                established
>                        TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
>                        or ACK bits set.
>
>                setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
>                        bit set but no ACK bit.
>
>                tcpflags spec
>                        TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
>                        contains the comma separated list of flags
>                        specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:
>
>                        fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
>                        particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
>                        which contains a tcpflags specification can never
>                        match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
>                        offset.  See the frag option for details on
>                        matching fragmented packets.
>
>                DSCP <color>
>                        color values as defined in [49]. Exact matching
>                        of DSCP values is required (no masks or ranges).
>                        the "deny" can replace the color_under or
>                        color_over values in the meter action for rate-
>                        dependent packet drop.
>
>                metering <rate> <color_under> <color_over>
>                        The metering option provides Assured Forwarding,
>                        as defined in [50], and MUST be present if the
>                        action is set to meter. The rate option is the
>                        throughput, in bits per second, which is used by
>                        the access device to mark packets. Traffic above
>                        the rate is marked with the color_over codepoint,
>                        while traffic under the rate is marked with the
>                        color_under codepoint. The color_under and
>                        color_over options contain the drop preferences,
>                        and MUST conform to the recommended codepoint
>                        keywords described in [50] (e.g. AF13).
>
>                        The metering option also supports the strict
>                        limit on traffic required by Expedited
>                        Forwarding, as defined in [51]. The color_over
>                        option may contain the keyword "drop" to prevent
>                        forwarding of traffic that exceeds the rate
>                        parameter.
>
>                icmptypes types
>                        ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
>                        the list types. The list may be specified as any
>                        combination of ranges or individual types
>                        separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
>                        are:
>
>                        echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
>                        source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
>                        (8), router advertisement (9), router
>                        solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
>                        header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
>                        timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
>                        information reply (16), address mask request (17)
>                        and address mask reply (18).
>
>          There is one kind of packet that the access device MUST always
>          discard, that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.
>          This is a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to
>          circumvent firewalls.
>
>             An access device that is unable to interpret or apply a deny
>             rule MUST terminate the session.  An access device that is
>             unable to interpret or apply a permit rule MAY apply a more
>             restrictive rule.  An access device MAY apply deny rules of
>             its own before the supplied rules, for example to protect
>             the access device owner's infrastructure.
>
>          The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
>          and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
>          implementations.
>
>[...]
>    [49] K. Nichols, S. Blake, F. Baker, D. Black, "Definition of the
>         Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6
>         Headers," RFC 2474, December 1998.
>
>    [50] J. Heinanen, F. Baker, W. Weiss, J. Wroclawski, "Assured For-
>         warding PHB Group," RFC 2597, June 1999.
>
>    [51] V. Jacobson, K. Nichols, K. Poduri, "An Expedited Forwarding
>         PHB", RFC 2598, June 1999.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 05:56:22 2001
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Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 11:54:41 +0200
To: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Cc: "Mark Eklund" <meklund@cisco.com>, "AAA Listan" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
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At 09:19 29/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>Sound like alot of answers to save, I'm not sure (probably don't understand,
>so someone please enlighten me) why you have to reply with the same answer.
>If it's an request you already answered to why just not drop it?

In your previous mail, you said "since we have reliable transport we should 
be able to assume that it reaches
the Origin-host of the request". That is not true: we have reliable 
hop-by-hop transport, not reliable end-to-end transport (the end-to-end 
reliability is provided by Diameter's Request/Answer mechanism, not the 
transport). If a link/host goes down between the request and the answer 
(not very plausible given the times we're talking about, but it might 
happen), then the answer is lost. At some point, somebody will send the 
request on an alternate path, and the server will receive it again. It 
should know that it's a request it already got, and act accordingly.

Actually, it is important that any actions it takes that do have an effect 
(e.g. storing accounting) are not taken again, and it seems obvious it 
needs to answer the same thing, but this could be "reconstructed" rather 
than cached.

BTW, all of this really raises having a "Diameter transport" part that 
would really be like TCP over multiple TCP hops :-)

Jacques.


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 09:09:21 2001
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Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 05:57:30 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Cc: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
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In-Reply-To: <4.3.2.7.2.20010629111235.00c507f0@pop.mail.yahoo.com>; from jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com on Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 11:36:45AM +0200
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On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 11:36:45AM +0200, Jacques Caron wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Nice. Shouldn't the rate in the "meter" action also include burst/exess 
> burst (e.g. Bc/Be) to perfectly define the rate? Also you might want to 
> include a simple "permit" (with no color or anything).
> 
> Also, I'm not sure all the QoS stuff actually belongs there. In many cases, 
> one wants QoS based on a filter-set, not a single filter-rule.
> 
> Maybe keeping the original FilterRule syntax, but then adding a specific 
> QoSRule syntax that refences a set of FilterRules to then perform the 
> metering would be better? This would require to have a way to identify 
> filters (= sets of FilterRules), and to specify which are used for 
> filtering, and which are used for other (QoS) purposes.
> 
> Alternatively, you might want to include a "meter number" in the metering 
> rules, so that multiple rules can use the same meter (token bucket) to 
> measure multiple types of traffic...
> 
> Also, if we're into QoS, what about traffic-shaping?

ok, let me discuss these issues with John. Now that I've read Barney's
comment, I agree that perhaps moving these out of FilterRule, and into
QoSFilterRule (and perhaps renaming FilterRule to IPFilterRule) would
be a good thing. This would allow an access device to reject an AVP of
type QosFilterRule, if it didn't support traffic metering.

Also, following Bernard's comment, it may also make sense to create the
L2FilterRule type as well. Do folks generally agree with this?

> 
> BTW, how are multiple rules specified? Multiple AVPs, or multiple rules 
> within the same AVP (separated with \n maybe)? This isn't clear in the 
> description.

multiple AVPs. I'll make sure that this is clarified.

> 
> Good luck!

Why do I feel like I'll need it :(

PatC
> 
> Jacques.
> 
> At 23:25 28/06/01, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> >All,
> >
> >Here is the proposed text for Issue 87. The main difference here is support
> >for QoS filters.
> >
> >Comments appreciated,
> >
> >PatC
> >----
> >
> >       FilterRule
> >          The FilterRule format is derived from the OctetString AVP Base
> >          Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
> >          requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
> >          on the following information that is associated with it:
> >
> >             Direction                          (in or out)
> >             Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
> >             Protocol
> >             Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
> >             TCP flags
> >             IP fragment flag
> >             IP options
> >             DSCP values                        (no mask or range)
> >             ICMP types
> >
> >          Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
> >          with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
> >          packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
> >          dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
> >          the last rule was a deny.
> >
> >          The filters in the Filter-Rule AVP MUST follow the format:
> >
> >             action dir proto from src to dst [options]
> >
> >             action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
> >                          deny   - Drop packets that match the rule.
> >                          tag    - Mark packet with a specific DSCP [49].
> >                                   The DSCP option MUST be included.
> >                          meter  - Meter traffic. The metering options
> >                                   MUST be included.
> >
> >             dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
> >                          terminal.
> >
> >             proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
> >                          keyword means any protocol will match.
> >
> >             src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]
> >
> >                          The <address/mask> may be specified as:
> >                          ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
> >                                     quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
> >                                     this exact IP number will match the
> >                                     rule.
> >                          ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
> >                                     width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
> >                                     this case all IP numbers from
> >                                     1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
> >                                     The bit width MUST be valid for the
> >                                     IP version and the IP number MUST
> >                                     NOT have bits set beyond the mask.
> >
> >                          The sense of the match can be inverted by
> >                          preceding an address with the not modifier,
> >                          causing all other addresses to be matched
> >                          instead.  This does not affect the selection of
> >                          port numbers.
> >
> >                             The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
> >                             equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
> >                             address or set of addresses assigned to the
> >                             terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
> >                             ip !assigned".
> >
> >                          With the TCP and UDP protocols, optional ports
> >                          may be specified as:
> >
> >                             {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]
> >
> >                          The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
> >                          (including boundaries).
> >
> >                          Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
> >                          (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
> >                          a rule which has one or more port
> >                          specifications.  See the frag option for
> >                          details on matching fragmented packets.
> >
> >             options:
> >                frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
> >                        the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
> >                        be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
> >                        TCP/UDP port specifications.
> >
> >                ipoptions spec
> >                        Match if the IP header contains the comma
> >                        separated list of options specified in spec. The
> >                        supported IP options are:
> >
> >                        ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
> >                        route), rr (record packet route) and ts
> >                        (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
> >                        may be denoted with a `!'.
> >
> >                tcpoptions spec
> >                        Match if the TCP header contains the comma
> >                        separated list of options specified in spec. The
> >                        supported TCP options are:
> >
> >                        mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
> >                        advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
> >                        timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
> >                        count).  The absence of a particular option may
> >                        be denoted with a `!'.
> >
> >                established
> >                        TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
> >                        or ACK bits set.
> >
> >                setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
> >                        bit set but no ACK bit.
> >
> >                tcpflags spec
> >                        TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
> >                        contains the comma separated list of flags
> >                        specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:
> >
> >                        fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
> >                        particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
> >                        which contains a tcpflags specification can never
> >                        match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
> >                        offset.  See the frag option for details on
> >                        matching fragmented packets.
> >
> >                DSCP <color>
> >                        color values as defined in [49]. Exact matching
> >                        of DSCP values is required (no masks or ranges).
> >                        the "deny" can replace the color_under or
> >                        color_over values in the meter action for rate-
> >                        dependent packet drop.
> >
> >                metering <rate> <color_under> <color_over>
> >                        The metering option provides Assured Forwarding,
> >                        as defined in [50], and MUST be present if the
> >                        action is set to meter. The rate option is the
> >                        throughput, in bits per second, which is used by
> >                        the access device to mark packets. Traffic above
> >                        the rate is marked with the color_over codepoint,
> >                        while traffic under the rate is marked with the
> >                        color_under codepoint. The color_under and
> >                        color_over options contain the drop preferences,
> >                        and MUST conform to the recommended codepoint
> >                        keywords described in [50] (e.g. AF13).
> >
> >                        The metering option also supports the strict
> >                        limit on traffic required by Expedited
> >                        Forwarding, as defined in [51]. The color_over
> >                        option may contain the keyword "drop" to prevent
> >                        forwarding of traffic that exceeds the rate
> >                        parameter.
> >
> >                icmptypes types
> >                        ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
> >                        the list types. The list may be specified as any
> >                        combination of ranges or individual types
> >                        separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
> >                        are:
> >
> >                        echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
> >                        source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
> >                        (8), router advertisement (9), router
> >                        solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
> >                        header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
> >                        timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
> >                        information reply (16), address mask request (17)
> >                        and address mask reply (18).
> >
> >          There is one kind of packet that the access device MUST always
> >          discard, that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.
> >          This is a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to
> >          circumvent firewalls.
> >
> >             An access device that is unable to interpret or apply a deny
> >             rule MUST terminate the session.  An access device that is
> >             unable to interpret or apply a permit rule MAY apply a more
> >             restrictive rule.  An access device MAY apply deny rules of
> >             its own before the supplied rules, for example to protect
> >             the access device owner's infrastructure.
> >
> >          The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
> >          and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
> >          implementations.
> >
> >[...]
> >    [49] K. Nichols, S. Blake, F. Baker, D. Black, "Definition of the
> >         Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6
> >         Headers," RFC 2474, December 1998.
> >
> >    [50] J. Heinanen, F. Baker, W. Weiss, J. Wroclawski, "Assured For-
> >         warding PHB Group," RFC 2597, June 1999.
> >
> >    [51] V. Jacobson, K. Nichols, K. Poduri, "An Expedited Forwarding
> >         PHB", RFC 2598, June 1999.
> 
> 
> _________________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Get your free @yahoo.com address at http://mail.yahoo.com
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 09:14:55 2001
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From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
Cc: Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>, Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        AAA Listan <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Message-ID: <20010629060339.E23402@charizard.diameter.org>
Mail-Followup-To: Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
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References: <Pine.GSO.4.21.0106281325070.11265-100000@knox6039> <MJEMJBGGCLLDLFFAHLJKCEJHDBAA.fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>
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In-Reply-To: <MJEMJBGGCLLDLFFAHLJKCEJHDBAA.fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>; from fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com on Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:19:15AM +0200
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On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:19:15AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> >
> >On Thu, 28 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
> >
> >> At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> >> >Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
> >> >identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply with the same
> >> >answer as last time.
> >>
> >> Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only
> >issue is that
> >> it should not do the same processing again, if that has
> >"consequences" on
> >> anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).
> >
> >So, am I interpreting this right?  A server that serves 100
> >clients and has a window of 128 will have to remember how it
> >replied for 12800 packets?
> 
> Sound like alot of answers to save, I'm not sure (probably don't understand,
> so someone please enlighten me) why you have to reply with the same answer.
> If it's an request you already answered to why just not drop it?

because if you've received the request again, chances are the answer got
lost (perhaps a proxy or relay became unreachable). So, you need to send the
answer again, and have two choices:

1. process the request, but make sure that the dup request doesn't cause 
   the user to be allocated additional resources (e.g. two concurrent sessions)
2. queue all answers for n seconds. Simply return answers when a dup request is
   received.

> 
> >
> >What if it receives something below the window?  Do you just
> >drop the packet, or make up a best guess for the reply?
> 
> I guess you have to try to figure out if it can be a wrap around in the e2e
> identifier or if it's an old one. No matter how you define the e2e
> identifier (monotonically increased or just increased) you will have to take
> care of the wrap around. With a monotonically increased identifier you'll
> encounter the problem less often.

the e2e I-D still has 2^128 possible values, so that alot of requests. If we
want a windowing system, then monotonically increasing is the only way, but
random (and unique within the last 128 requests) works too. Seems that the
former may be simpler to implement.

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 10:30:53 2001
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To: "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
Cc: "Mark Eklund" <meklund@cisco.com>,
        "Jacques Caron" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        "AAA Listan" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 16:32:22 +0200
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>-----Original Message-----
>From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
>Sent: den 29 juni 2001 15:04
>To: Fredrik Johansson
>Cc: Mark Eklund; Jacques Caron; AAA Listan
>Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
>
>
>On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:19:15AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>> >
>> >On Thu, 28 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
>> >
>> >> At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>> >> >Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
>> >> >identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply
>with the same
>> >> >answer as last time.
>> >>
>> >> Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only
>> >issue is that
>> >> it should not do the same processing again, if that has
>> >"consequences" on
>> >> anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).
>> >
>> >So, am I interpreting this right?  A server that serves 100
>> >clients and has a window of 128 will have to remember how it
>> >replied for 12800 packets?
>>
>> Sound like alot of answers to save, I'm not sure (probably don't
>understand,
>> so someone please enlighten me) why you have to reply with the
>same answer.
>> If it's an request you already answered to why just not drop it?
>
>because if you've received the request again, chances are the answer got
>lost (perhaps a proxy or relay became unreachable). So, you need
>to send the
>answer again, and have two choices:
>
>1. process the request, but make sure that the dup request doesn't cause
>   the user to be allocated additional resources (e.g. two
>concurrent sessions)
>2. queue all answers for n seconds. Simply return answers when a
>dup request is
>   received.

Ok, I'm convinced :-)

>
>>
>> >
>> >What if it receives something below the window?  Do you just
>> >drop the packet, or make up a best guess for the reply?
>>
>> I guess you have to try to figure out if it can be a wrap around
>in the e2e
>> identifier or if it's an old one. No matter how you define the e2e
>> identifier (monotonically increased or just increased) you will
>have to take
>> care of the wrap around. With a monotonically increased identifier you'll
>> encounter the problem less often.
>
>the e2e I-D still has 2^128 possible values, so that alot of
>requests. If we
>want a windowing system, then monotonically increasing is the only way, but
>random (and unique within the last 128 requests) works too. Seems that the
>former may be simpler to implement.

Ok, so can we agree on a monotonically increased identifier, then it is up
to the implementor if you want to use the windowing technique or not.

/Fredrik
>
>PatC



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 12:24:07 2001
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Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 12:01:35 -0400
To: "Fredrik Johansson" <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
        "Pat Calhoun" <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
From: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Cc: "Mark Eklund" <meklund@cisco.com>,
        "Jacques Caron" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        "AAA Listan" <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
In-Reply-To: <MJEMJBGGCLLDLFFAHLJKMEKDDBAA.fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged
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The problem with a window for End-To-End Identifier is that any individual 
server will not get sequential requests from a client. The client talks to 
many servers, and a home server may receive two sequential requests from 
the same client with End-To-End Identifiers that are not sequential, not by a 
long shot, because that client was talking to other servers in between. So a 
window can't possibly work.

Paul

At 04:32 PM 6/29/01 +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>
>
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
>>Sent: den 29 juni 2001 15:04
>>To: Fredrik Johansson
>>Cc: Mark Eklund; Jacques Caron; AAA Listan
>>Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
>>
>>
>>On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:19:15AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>>> >
>>> >On Thu, 28 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
>>> >
>>> >> At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>>> >> >Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
>>> >> >identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply
>>with the same
>>> >> >answer as last time.
>>> >>
>>> >> Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only
>>> >issue is that
>>> >> it should not do the same processing again, if that has
>>> >"consequences" on
>>> >> anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).
>>> >
>>> >So, am I interpreting this right?  A server that serves 100
>>> >clients and has a window of 128 will have to remember how it
>>> >replied for 12800 packets?
>>>
>>> Sound like alot of answers to save, I'm not sure (probably don't
>>understand,
>>> so someone please enlighten me) why you have to reply with the
>>same answer.
>>> If it's an request you already answered to why just not drop it?
>>
>>because if you've received the request again, chances are the answer got
>>lost (perhaps a proxy or relay became unreachable). So, you need
>>to send the
>>answer again, and have two choices:
>>
>>1. process the request, but make sure that the dup request doesn't cause
>>   the user to be allocated additional resources (e.g. two
>>concurrent sessions)
>>2. queue all answers for n seconds. Simply return answers when a
>>dup request is
>>   received.
>
>Ok, I'm convinced :-)
>
>>
>>>
>>> >
>>> >What if it receives something below the window?  Do you just
>>> >drop the packet, or make up a best guess for the reply?
>>>
>>> I guess you have to try to figure out if it can be a wrap around
>>in the e2e
>>> identifier or if it's an old one. No matter how you define the e2e
>>> identifier (monotonically increased or just increased) you will
>>have to take
>>> care of the wrap around. With a monotonically increased identifier you'll
>>> encounter the problem less often.
>>
>>the e2e I-D still has 2^128 possible values, so that alot of
>>requests. If we
>>want a windowing system, then monotonically increasing is the only way, but
>>random (and unique within the last 128 requests) works too. Seems that the
>>former may be simpler to implement.
>
>Ok, so can we agree on a monotonically increased identifier, then it is up
>to the implementor if you want to use the windowing technique or not.
>
>/Fredrik
>>
>>PatC

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Jun 29 12:33:19 2001
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Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 09:22:06 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Cc: Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
        Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        AAA Listan <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Message-ID: <20010629092206.E25503@charizard.diameter.org>
Mail-Followup-To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>,
	Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
	Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
	AAA Listan <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
References: <20010629060339.E23402@charizard.diameter.org> <MJEMJBGGCLLDLFFAHLJKMEKDDBAA.fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged .com> <4.1.20010629113441.01bda140@cairo.funk.com>
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On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 12:01:35PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
> The problem with a window for End-To-End Identifier is that any individual 
> server will not get sequential requests from a client. The client talks to 
> many servers, and a home server may receive two sequential requests from 
> the same client with End-To-End Identifiers that are not sequential, not by a 
> long shot, because that client was talking to other servers in between. So a 
> window can't possibly work.

you are correct.

PatC
> 
> Paul
> 
> At 04:32 PM 6/29/01 +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> >
> >
> >>-----Original Message-----
> >>From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> >>Sent: den 29 juni 2001 15:04
> >>To: Fredrik Johansson
> >>Cc: Mark Eklund; Jacques Caron; AAA Listan
> >>Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
> >>
> >>
> >>On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:19:15AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> >>> >
> >>> >On Thu, 28 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
> >>> >
> >>> >> At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> >>> >> >Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
> >>> >> >identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply
> >>with the same
> >>> >> >answer as last time.
> >>> >>
> >>> >> Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only
> >>> >issue is that
> >>> >> it should not do the same processing again, if that has
> >>> >"consequences" on
> >>> >> anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).
> >>> >
> >>> >So, am I interpreting this right?  A server that serves 100
> >>> >clients and has a window of 128 will have to remember how it
> >>> >replied for 12800 packets?
> >>>
> >>> Sound like alot of answers to save, I'm not sure (probably don't
> >>understand,
> >>> so someone please enlighten me) why you have to reply with the
> >>same answer.
> >>> If it's an request you already answered to why just not drop it?
> >>
> >>because if you've received the request again, chances are the answer got
> >>lost (perhaps a proxy or relay became unreachable). So, you need
> >>to send the
> >>answer again, and have two choices:
> >>
> >>1. process the request, but make sure that the dup request doesn't cause
> >>   the user to be allocated additional resources (e.g. two
> >>concurrent sessions)
> >>2. queue all answers for n seconds. Simply return answers when a
> >>dup request is
> >>   received.
> >
> >Ok, I'm convinced :-)
> >
> >>
> >>>
> >>> >
> >>> >What if it receives something below the window?  Do you just
> >>> >drop the packet, or make up a best guess for the reply?
> >>>
> >>> I guess you have to try to figure out if it can be a wrap around
> >>in the e2e
> >>> identifier or if it's an old one. No matter how you define the e2e
> >>> identifier (monotonically increased or just increased) you will
> >>have to take
> >>> care of the wrap around. With a monotonically increased identifier you'll
> >>> encounter the problem less often.
> >>
> >>the e2e I-D still has 2^128 possible values, so that alot of
> >>requests. If we
> >>want a windowing system, then monotonically increasing is the only way, but
> >>random (and unique within the last 128 requests) works too. Seems that the
> >>former may be simpler to implement.
> >
> >Ok, so can we agree on a monotonically increased identifier, then it is up
> >to the implementor if you want to use the windowing technique or not.
> >
> >/Fredrik
> >>
> >>PatC
> 
> Paul Funk
> Funk Software, Inc.
> 617 497-6339
> paul@funk.com
> 


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Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2001 17:10:54 -0400
From: David Spence <DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com>
Organization: Interlink Networks, Inc.
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To: AAA Working Group <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: [AAA-WG]: [issue] Typographical change to sec. 3.2 of 
 draft-ietf-aaa-transport-04.txt
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Subject: [issue] Typographical change to sec. 3.2 of
draft-ietf-aaa-transport-04.txt

Submitter name: David Spence
Submitter email address: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Date first submitted: June 29, 2001
Reference: http://www.merit.edu/mail.archives/aaa-wg/msg01498.html
Document: draft-ietf-aaa-transport-04.txt
Comment type: E
Priority: 1
Section: 3.2
Rationale/Explanation of issue:

The following paragraph contains a typographical error and an instance of
awkward wording.

[3]  After the the expiration of two watchdog timers without a response,
     the AAA client SHOULD cause a transport reset or close to be done
     on the connection.  While the connection is in the closed state,
     the AAA client MUST NOT attempt to send further watchdog messages
     on the connection. However, after the connection is closed, the AAA
     client continues to periodically attempt to re-open the connection.
     The AAA client SHOULD wait for the transport layer to report
     connection failure before attempting again, but MAY chose to limit
                                                         ^^^^^    ^^^^^
                                                         choose   bound
     this wait time by the watchdog interval, Tw. If the connection is
     successfully opened, then the watchdog message is sent. Once three
     watchdog messages have been sent and responded to, the connection
     is returned to service, and transactions are once again sent over
     it. Connection validation via receipt of multiple watchdogs is not
     required when a connection is initially brought up -- in this case,
     the connection can immediately be put into service.

Requested change:

Change as indicated or alternatively, fix the awkward wording by replacing
the phrase "...to limit this wait time by the watchdog interval..." with the
phrase "...to limit this wait time not to exceed the watchdog interval...".

-- 
David Spence                            email: DSpence@Interlinknetworks.com
Interlink Networks, Inc.                phone: (734) 821-1203
775 Technology Drive, Suite 200         fax:   (734) 821-1235
Ann Arbor, MI 48108           
U.S.A.


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 30 12:46:19 2001
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Date: Sat, 30 Jun 2001 09:35:03 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: My Availability
Message-ID: <20010630093502.A30270@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

I will not be reachable until 7/9. I have a couple of issues that I have
been working on text, but I need to refine them before sending them out.
I expect to have text for most issues on 7/9, and hope to be able to close
all issues by 7/13.

While I am gone, I would encourage folks to discuss:

Issue 75 - I'm not sure that we have an agreed upon method of solving this
           issue.
Issue 90 - The proposal is to split up the FilterRule into IPFilterRule
           and QoSFilterRule (and possibly adding L2FilterRule). I have NO
           text for L2FilterRule, so if someone could propose some text,
           that would allow us to close this issue quicker. If folks have
           any comments on the QoSFilterRule, please go ahead and propose
           it. I'd like to incorporate all comments upon my return into the
           base draft.

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 30 19:31:25 2001
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Date: Sat, 30 Jun 2001 16:19:21 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 86: Diameter URI changes
Message-ID: <20010630161921.F5195@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Comments on the list have required that the URI format change. The following
is the proposed text

      DiameterIdentity
         The DiameterIdentity format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String.  In addition, it must follow
         the Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) syntax [29] rules
         specified below:

            Diameter-Identity  = fqdn [ port ] [ transport ]
                                 [ protocol ]

            aaa-protocol       = ( "diameter" | "radius" | "tacacs+" )

            protocol           = ";protocol=" aaa-protocol
            ; If absent, the default AAA protocol is diameter.

            fqdn               = Fully Qualified Host Name

            port               = ":" 1*DIGIT
            ; One of the ports used to listen for incoming connections.
            ; If absent, the default Diameter port (TBD) is assumed.

            transport          = ";transport=" ( "tcp" | "sctp" | "udp" )
            ; One of the transports used to listen for incoming
            ; connections. If absent, the default SCTP [26] protocol is
            ; assumed. UDP MUST NOT be used when the aaa-protocol field
            ; is set to diameter.

            The following are examples of valid Diameter host identities:

               host.abc.com;transport=tcp
               host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp
               aaa://host.abc.com;protocol=diameter
               aaa://host.abc.com:6666;protocol=diameter
               aaa://host.abc.com:6666;transport=tcp;protocol=diameter
               aaa://host.abc.com:1813;transport=udp;protocol=radius

Thanks,

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 30 19:37:35 2001
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Date: Sat, 30 Jun 2001 16:26:18 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 16: Redirect Server Certificates
Message-ID: <20010630162618.H5195@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

I would like to propose how to resolve this issue. Essentially, what
this issue is all about is the ability for a redirect server
to return certificates for all hosts in a domain. However, there were
some folks that wanted all servers to share the same certificate, since 
it is not know to which server a request will be destined.

So, to solve this problem, I propose adding the following methods in 
the cms draft:
1. it is possible for a redirect server to return a cert per server in
   the domain.
2. it is possible for the fqdn of all servers in the domain to have their
   identity encoded in the altSubjectName of the cert. So, many servers
   would be encoded in the cert.

Are folks comfortable with this approach?

PatC


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 30 19:55:55 2001
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Date: Sat, 30 Jun 2001 16:44:47 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>,
        Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
        Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        AAA Listan <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
Message-ID: <20010630164447.L5195@charizard.diameter.org>
Mail-Followup-To: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>,
	Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
	Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
	Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
	AAA Listan <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
References: <20010629060339.E23402@charizard.diameter.org> <MJEMJBGGCLLDLFFAHLJKMEKDDBAA.fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged <4.1.20010629113441.01bda140@cairo.funk.com> <20010629092206.E25503@charizard.diameter.org>
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so is the only solution to make this value pseudo-random, and make sure that no
two packets can be sent with the same id within a period of time, or just make it
monotonically increasing, and not worry about windowing?

PatC
On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:22:06AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 12:01:35PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
> > The problem with a window for End-To-End Identifier is that any individual 
> > server will not get sequential requests from a client. The client talks to 
> > many servers, and a home server may receive two sequential requests from 
> > the same client with End-To-End Identifiers that are not sequential, not by a 
> > long shot, because that client was talking to other servers in between. So a 
> > window can't possibly work.
> 
> you are correct.
> 
> PatC
> > 
> > Paul
> > 
> > At 04:32 PM 6/29/01 +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > >>-----Original Message-----
> > >>From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
> > >>Sent: den 29 juni 2001 15:04
> > >>To: Fredrik Johansson
> > >>Cc: Mark Eklund; Jacques Caron; AAA Listan
> > >>Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:19:15AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> > >>> >
> > >>> >On Thu, 28 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
> > >>> >
> > >>> >> At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
> > >>> >> >Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the e-2-e
> > >>> >> >identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply
> > >>with the same
> > >>> >> >answer as last time.
> > >>> >>
> > >>> >> Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only
> > >>> >issue is that
> > >>> >> it should not do the same processing again, if that has
> > >>> >"consequences" on
> > >>> >> anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).
> > >>> >
> > >>> >So, am I interpreting this right?  A server that serves 100
> > >>> >clients and has a window of 128 will have to remember how it
> > >>> >replied for 12800 packets?
> > >>>
> > >>> Sound like alot of answers to save, I'm not sure (probably don't
> > >>understand,
> > >>> so someone please enlighten me) why you have to reply with the
> > >>same answer.
> > >>> If it's an request you already answered to why just not drop it?
> > >>
> > >>because if you've received the request again, chances are the answer got
> > >>lost (perhaps a proxy or relay became unreachable). So, you need
> > >>to send the
> > >>answer again, and have two choices:
> > >>
> > >>1. process the request, but make sure that the dup request doesn't cause
> > >>   the user to be allocated additional resources (e.g. two
> > >>concurrent sessions)
> > >>2. queue all answers for n seconds. Simply return answers when a
> > >>dup request is
> > >>   received.
> > >
> > >Ok, I'm convinced :-)
> > >
> > >>
> > >>>
> > >>> >
> > >>> >What if it receives something below the window?  Do you just
> > >>> >drop the packet, or make up a best guess for the reply?
> > >>>
> > >>> I guess you have to try to figure out if it can be a wrap around
> > >>in the e2e
> > >>> identifier or if it's an old one. No matter how you define the e2e
> > >>> identifier (monotonically increased or just increased) you will
> > >>have to take
> > >>> care of the wrap around. With a monotonically increased identifier you'll
> > >>> encounter the problem less often.
> > >>
> > >>the e2e I-D still has 2^128 possible values, so that alot of
> > >>requests. If we
> > >>want a windowing system, then monotonically increasing is the only way, but
> > >>random (and unique within the last 128 requests) works too. Seems that the
> > >>former may be simpler to implement.
> > >
> > >Ok, so can we agree on a monotonically increased identifier, then it is up
> > >to the implementor if you want to use the windowing technique or not.
> > >
> > >/Fredrik
> > >>
> > >>PatC
> > 
> > Paul Funk
> > Funk Software, Inc.
> > 617 497-6339
> > paul@funk.com
> > 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 30 19:59:54 2001
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Date: Sat, 30 Jun 2001 16:39:56 -0700
From: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Issue 87: Move filter-rule AVP to base
Message-ID: <20010630163956.I5195@charizard.diameter.org>
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All,

Below is the proposed text for this issue. Comments appreciated, but proposed
text even more :)

Thanks,

PatC
----
      IPFilterRule
         The IPFilterRule format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be filtered based
         on the following information that is associated with it:

            Direction                          (in or out)
            Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
            Protocol
            Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
            TCP flags
            IP fragment flag
            IP options
            ICMP types

         Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
         with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
         packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
         dropped if the last rule evaluated was a permit, and passed if
         the last rule was a deny.

         IPFilterRule filters MUST follow the format:

            action dir proto from src to dst [options]

            action       permit - Allow packets that match the rule.
                         deny   - Drop packets that match the rule.

            dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
                         terminal.

            proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
                         keyword means any protocol will match.

            src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]

                         The <address/mask> may be specified as:
                         ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
                                    quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
                                    this exact IP number will match the
                                    rule.
                         ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
                                    width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
                                    this case all IP numbers from



Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                 [Page 34]





Internet-Draft                                                 June 2001


                                    1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
                                    The bit width MUST be valid for the
                                    IP version and the IP number MUST
                                    NOT have bits set beyond the mask.

                         The sense of the match can be inverted by
                         preceding an address with the not modifier,
                         causing all other addresses to be matched
                         instead.  This does not affect the selection of
                         port numbers.

                            The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
                            equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
                            address or set of addresses assigned to the
                            terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
                            ip !assigned".

                         With the TCP, UDP and SCTP protocols, optional
                         ports may be specified as:

                            {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]

                         The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
                         (including boundaries).

                         Fragmented packets which have a non-zero offset
                         (i.e. not the first fragment) will never match
                         a rule which has one or more port
                         specifications.  See the frag option for
                         details on matching fragmented packets.

            options:
               frag    Match if the packet is a fragment and this is not
                       the first fragment of the datagram.  frag may not
                       be used in conjunction with either tcpflags or
                       TCP/UDP port specifications.

               ipoptions spec
                       Match if the IP header contains the comma
                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
                       supported IP options are:

                       ssrr (strict source route), lsrr (loose source
                       route), rr (record packet route) and ts
                       (timestamp). The absence of a particular option
                       may be denoted with a `!'.

               tcpoptions spec



Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                 [Page 35]





Internet-Draft                                                 June 2001


                       Match if the TCP header contains the comma
                       separated list of options specified in spec. The
                       supported TCP options are:

                       mss (maximum segment size), window (tcp window
                       advertisement), sack (selective ack), ts (rfc1323
                       timestamp) and cc (rfc1644 t/tcp connection
                       count).  The absence of a particular option may
                       be denoted with a `!'.

               established
                       TCP packets only. Match packets that have the RST
                       or ACK bits set.

               setup   TCP packets only. Match packets that have the SYN
                       bit set but no ACK bit.

               tcpflags spec
                       TCP packets only. Match if the TCP header
                       contains the comma separated list of flags
                       specified in spec. The supported TCP flags are:

                       fin, syn, rst, psh, ack and urg. The absence of a
                       particular flag may be denoted with a `!'. A rule
                       which contains a tcpflags specification can never
                       match a fragmented packet which has a non-zero
                       offset.  See the frag option for details on
                       matching fragmented packets.

               icmptypes types
                       ICMP packets only.  Match if the ICMP type is in
                       the list types. The list may be specified as any
                       combination of ranges or individual types
                       separated by commas.  The supported ICMP types
                       are:

                       echo reply (0), destination unreachable (3),
                       source quench (4), redirect (5), echo request
                       (8), router advertisement (9), router
                       solicitation (10), time-to-live exceeded (11), IP
                       header bad (12), timestamp request (13),
                       timestamp reply (14), information request (15),
                       information reply (16), address mask request (17)
                       and address mask reply (18).

         There is one kind of packet that the access device MUST always
         discard, that is an IP fragment with a fragment offset of one.
         This is a valid packet, but it only has one use, to try to



Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                 [Page 36]





Internet-Draft                                                 June 2001


         circumvent firewalls.

            An access device that is unable to interpret or apply a deny
            rule MUST terminate the session.  An access device that is
            unable to interpret or apply a permit rule MAY apply a more
            restrictive rule.  An access device MAY apply deny rules of
            its own before the supplied rules, for example to protect
            the access device owner's infrastructure.

         The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
         and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
         implementations.

      QoSFilterRule
         The QosFilterRule format is derived from the OctetString AVP
         Base Format.  It uses the UTF-8 encoding and has the same
         requirements as the UTF8String. Packets may be marked or
         metered based on the following information that is associated
         with it:

            Direction                          (in or out)
            Source and destination IP address  (possibly masked)
            Protocol
            Source and destination port        (lists or ranges)
            DSCP values                        (no mask or range)

         Rules for the appropriate direction are evaluated in order,
         with the first matched rule terminating the evaluation.  Each
         packet is evaluated once. If no rule matches, the packet is
         treated as best effort.

         QoSFilterRule filters MUST follow the format:

            action dir proto from src to dst [options]

                         tag    - Mark packet with a specific DSCP [49].
                                  The DSCP option MUST be included.
                         meter  - Meter traffic. The metering options
                                  MUST be included.

            dir          "in" is from the terminal, "out" is to the
                         terminal.

            proto        An IP protocol specified by number.  The "ip"
                         keyword means any protocol will match.

            src and dst  <address/mask> [ports]




Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                 [Page 37]





Internet-Draft                                                 June 2001


                         The <address/mask> may be specified as:
                         ipno       An IPv4 or IPv6 number in dotted-
                                    quad or canonical IPv6 form. Only
                                    this exact IP number will match the
                                    rule.
                         ipno/bits  An IP number as above with a mask
                                    width of the form 1.2.3.4/24.  In
                                    this case all IP numbers from
                                    1.2.3.0 to 1.2.3.255 will match.
                                    The bit width MUST be valid for the
                                    IP version and the IP number MUST
                                    NOT have bits set beyond the mask.

                         The sense of the match can be inverted by
                         preceding an address with the not modifier,
                         causing all other addresses to be matched
                         instead.  This does not affect the selection of
                         port numbers.

                            The keyword "any" is 0.0.0.0/0 or the IPv6
                            equivalent.  The keyword "assigned" is the
                            address or set of addresses assigned to the
                            terminal.  The first rule SHOULD be "deny in
                            ip !assigned".

                         With the TCP, UDP and SCTP protocols, optional
                         ports may be specified as:

                            {port|port-port}[,port[,...]]

                         The `-' notation specifies a range of ports
                         (including boundaries).

            options:

               DSCP <color>
                       color values as defined in [49]. Exact matching
                       of DSCP values is required (no masks or ranges).
                       the "deny" can replace the color_under or
                       color_over values in the meter action for rate-
                       dependent packet drop.




Calhoun et al.           expires December 2001                 [Page 38]





Internet-Draft                                                 June 2001


               metering <rate> <color_under> <color_over>
                       The metering option provides Assured Forwarding,
                       as defined in [50], and MUST be present if the
                       action is set to meter. The rate option is the
                       throughput, in bits per second, which is used by
                       the access device to mark packets. Traffic above
                       the rate is marked with the color_over codepoint,
                       while traffic under the rate is marked with the
                       color_under codepoint. The color_under and
                       color_over options contain the drop preferences,
                       and MUST conform to the recommended codepoint
                       keywords described in [50] (e.g. AF13).

                       The metering option also supports the strict
                       limit on traffic required by Expedited
                       Forwarding, as defined in [51]. The color_over
                       option may contain the keyword "drop" to prevent
                       forwarding of traffic that exceeds the rate
                       parameter.

         The rule syntax is a modified subset of ipfw(8) from FreeBSD,
         and the ipfw.c code may provide a useful base for
         implementations.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Sat Jun 30 22:03:03 2001
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Date: Sat, 30 Jun 2001 21:40:16 -0400
To: Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>,
        Fredrik Johansson <fredrik.johansson@ipunplugged.com>,
        Pat Calhoun <pcalhoun@diameter.org>, Mark Eklund <meklund@cisco.com>,
        Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
        AAA Listan <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
From: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
In-Reply-To: <20010630164447.L5195@charizard.diameter.org>
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Pat, 

I think the text that describes how to generate Hop-By-Hop Identifier and 
End-To-End Identifier should be the same -- that is, an identifier should be 
locally unique for the long enough past the lifetime of a transaction to 
prevent any ambiguity. How this is done is up to the sender, and there is 
no requirement that the numbers be increasing, though the obvious way to 
achieve this is to initialize the value in an intelligent way on reboot and 
increment from then on.

The identifier can be initialized randomly at reboot, but there is always the 
risk that identifiers from before and after reboots could clash. That's okay 
for Hop-By-Hop Identifiers, because when the connection goes down all 
the pending transactions are dropped anyway. With End-To-End Identifier, 
it's more problematic; the only way the server can disambiguate two 
equal identifiers is by consulting Origin-State-Id, but that is not a required 
attribute.

Here's an algorithm for generating an initial value for an identifier that 
guarantees uniqueness across reboot:

Initialize the high order 12 bits of the identifier to the low order 12
bits of the 
current time, and initialize the low order 20 bits of the identifier to 0.
This is 
guaranteed to produce unique identifiers across reboots provided that:

1	the device takes longer than a second to reboot

2	no transaction is kicking around for longer than an hour or so 
	(2 ^ 12 seconds)

3	the transaction rate (the rate at which the identifier is incremented) 
	is no greater than a million per second (2 ^ 20).

Paul


At 04:44 PM 6/30/01 -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>so is the only solution to make this value pseudo-random, and make sure
that no
>two packets can be sent with the same id within a period of time, or just 
>make it
>monotonically increasing, and not worry about windowing?
>
>PatC
>On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:22:06AM -0700, Pat Calhoun wrote:
>> On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 12:01:35PM -0400, Paul Funk wrote:
>> > The problem with a window for End-To-End Identifier is that any
individual 
>> > server will not get sequential requests from a client. The client
talks to 
>> > many servers, and a home server may receive two sequential requests from 
>> > the same client with End-To-End Identifiers that are not sequential, not 
>by a 
>> > long shot, because that client was talking to other servers in between. 
>So a 
>> > window can't possibly work.
>> 
>> you are correct.
>> 
>> PatC
>> > 
>> > Paul
>> > 
>> > At 04:32 PM 6/29/01 +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>> > >
>> > >
>> > >>-----Original Message-----
>> > >>From: Pat Calhoun [mailto:pcalhoun@diameter.org]
>> > >>Sent: den 29 juni 2001 15:04
>> > >>To: Fredrik Johansson
>> > >>Cc: Mark Eklund; Jacques Caron; AAA Listan
>> > >>Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Issue 93. End-to-End identifier
>> > >>
>> > >>
>> > >>On Fri, Jun 29, 2001 at 09:19:15AM +0200, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>> > >>> >
>> > >>> >On Thu, 28 Jun 2001, Jacques Caron wrote:
>> > >>> >
>> > >>> >> At 18:31 28/06/01, Fredrik Johansson wrote:
>> > >>> >> >Also, add some text describing what a server should do when the 
>e-2-e
>> > >>> >> >identifier has been seen before. e.g. discard it or reply
>> > >>with the same
>> > >>> >> >answer as last time.
>> > >>> >>
>> > >>> >> Should reply with the same answer, not discard it. The only
>> > >>> >issue is that
>> > >>> >> it should not do the same processing again, if that has
>> > >>> >"consequences" on
>> > >>> >> anything (e.g. not store an accounting record a second time).
>> > >>> >
>> > >>> >So, am I interpreting this right?  A server that serves 100
>> > >>> >clients and has a window of 128 will have to remember how it
>> > >>> >replied for 12800 packets?
>> > >>>
>> > >>> Sound like alot of answers to save, I'm not sure (probably don't
>> > >>understand,
>> > >>> so someone please enlighten me) why you have to reply with the
>> > >>same answer.
>> > >>> If it's an request you already answered to why just not drop it?
>> > >>
>> > >>because if you've received the request again, chances are the answer got
>> > >>lost (perhaps a proxy or relay became unreachable). So, you need
>> > >>to send the
>> > >>answer again, and have two choices:
>> > >>
>> > >>1. process the request, but make sure that the dup request doesn't cause
>> > >>   the user to be allocated additional resources (e.g. two
>> > >>concurrent sessions)
>> > >>2. queue all answers for n seconds. Simply return answers when a
>> > >>dup request is
>> > >>   received.
>> > >
>> > >Ok, I'm convinced :-)
>> > >
>> > >>
>> > >>>
>> > >>> >
>> > >>> >What if it receives something below the window?  Do you just
>> > >>> >drop the packet, or make up a best guess for the reply?
>> > >>>
>> > >>> I guess you have to try to figure out if it can be a wrap around
>> > >>in the e2e
>> > >>> identifier or if it's an old one. No matter how you define the e2e
>> > >>> identifier (monotonically increased or just increased) you will
>> > >>have to take
>> > >>> care of the wrap around. With a monotonically increased identifier 
>you'll
>> > >>> encounter the problem less often.
>> > >>
>> > >>the e2e I-D still has 2^128 possible values, so that alot of
>> > >>requests. If we
>> > >>want a windowing system, then monotonically increasing is the only 
>way, but
>> > >>random (and unique within the last 128 requests) works too. Seems that 
>the
>> > >>former may be simpler to implement.
>> > >
>> > >Ok, so can we agree on a monotonically increased identifier, then it
is up
>> > >to the implementor if you want to use the windowing technique or not.
>> > >
>> > >/Fredrik
>> > >>
>> > >>PatC
>> > 
>> > Paul Funk
>> > Funk Software, Inc.
>> > 617 497-6339
>> > paul@funk.com
>> > 

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



