
From cabo@tzi.org  Thu Mar  7 12:08:32 2013
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From: Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>
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To: "lwip@ietf.org" <lwip@ietf.org>, "core@ietf.org WG" <core@ietf.org>, roll WG <roll@ietf.org>, "6lowpan@ietf.org" <6lowpan@ietf.org>
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As you can see, I'm terribly late in preparing for IETF86.

Here is my usual eclectic condensed agenda.  All times are EDT =
(UTC-0400).
Very comfortable this time for Europeans.
(This time, there are even more slot overlaps for me than I'm already =
used to.)

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


MONDAY, March 11, 2013

0900-1130  Morning Session I
Caribbean 1     APP     appsawg Applications Area Working Group WG - =
Combined with APPAREA
Caribbean 5     TSV     rmcat   RTP Media Congestion Avoidance =
Techniques WG

1300-1530  Afternoon Session I
Caribbean 4     APP     json    Javascript Object Notation BOF
Caribbean 6     OPS     eman    Energy Management WG
Caribbean 3     OPS     v6ops   IPv6 Operations WG

1540-1710  Afternoon Session II
Boca 2          SEC     oauth   Web Authorization Protocol WG
Caribbean 5     TSV     tsvwg   Transport Area Working Group WG

TUESDAY, March 12, 2013

0900-1020  Morning Session I
Caribbean 2     RTG *** roll    Routing Over Low power and Lossy =
networks WG

1030-1130  Morning Session II
Caribbean 4     INT     intarea Internet Area Working Group WG
Caribbean 2     RTG *** roll    Routing Over Low power and Lossy =
networks WG

1300-1500  Afternoon Session I
Caribbean 2     APP *** core    Constrained RESTful Environments WG

1700-1830  Afternoon Session III
Caribbean 2     SEC     httpauth        Hypertext Transmission Protocol =
Authentication WG

WEDNESDAY, March 13, 2013

0900-1130  Morning Session I
Caribbean 1     SEC     jose    Javascript Object Signing and Encryption =
WG
Caribbean 3     TSV     tsvarea Transport Area Open Meeting

1300-1500  Afternoon Session I
Caribbean 5     APP *** core    Constrained RESTful Environments WG

1510-1710  Afternoon Session II
Caribbean 5     OPS     v6ops   IPv6 Operations WG

THURSDAY, March 14, 2013

0900-1130  Morning Session I
Caribbean 3     INT     homenet Home Networking WG
Caribbean 1     INT *** lwig    Light-Weight Implementation Guidance WG

1300-1500  Afternoon Session I
Caribbean 4     RTG     rtgarea Routing Area Open Meeting

1510-1710  Afternoon Session II
Caribbean 4     SEC     saag    Security Area Open Meeting

1730-1830  Afternoon Session III
Boca 1          SEC     oauth   Web Authorization Protocol WG
Caribbean 2     TSV     tsvwg   Transport Area Working Group WG

FRIDAY, March 15, 2013

0900-1100  Morning Session I
Caribbean 5     APP     httpbis Hypertext Transfer Protocol Bis WG

1120-1220  Afternoon Session I
Caribbean 4     INT     6man    IPv6 Maintenance WG
Boca 2          SEC     tls     Transport Layer Security WG

1230-1330  Afternoon Session II
Caribbean 4     INT     6man    IPv6 Maintenance WG
Boca 2          SEC     tls     Transport Layer Security WG



From cabo@tzi.org  Thu Mar  7 12:39:53 2013
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From: Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>
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I uploaded a first cut of the agenda to

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/86/agenda/agenda-86-core

Since we haven't actually sent out a request for discussion slots, this =
is incomplete.
Please send in fixes and updates to Andrew and me.

I'll be in various aluminum tubes tomorrow, so I'll be back updating =
things when I have arrived at Caribe Royale.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten

PS.: Yes, the secretariat STILL doesn't present the agenda in UTF-8.
Will retrofit to ASCII (aka X3.4-1967) in version 1.1.


From cabo@tzi.org  Mon Mar 11 07:52:12 2013
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From: Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>
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Subject: Re: [core] AD review of draft-ietf-core-coap, part 1
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Barry,

we finally got around to putting in these comments.
Most of them are very welcome editorial enhancements,=20
some are clarifications that I don't believe change the substance.

A detailed log of what I changed (and answers to some questions) is =
below; these changes are in SVN now and will turn up in -14.

Thanks again!

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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        General:
        Please check for consistency in capitalization of =
"Non-Confirmable".
        You have a mixture of "Non-Confirmable" and "Non-confirmable", =
even
        within the same paragraph in places, as well as a few instances =
of
        "non-confirmable".  Check for "Confirmable" vs "confirmable" =
also (and
        "Acknowledgment" and "Reset").  Also look for "Message ID" vs
        "message-ID" (capitalization and hyphenation).

Fixed.

One important observation is that acknowledgment can be obtained via
an Acknowledgment message or in the form of receiving the response
message (first, or upon loss, only).  So the term acknowledgment
includes both.  I have clarified this (in section "Separate").

        I think you need quite a few more forward references than you =
have.
        In general, if you talk about something that hasn't been =
explained and
        won't be for some while, there should be a forward reference for =
it.
        For example, in Section 5.7.3 you say that reverse proxies need =
to be
        careful about how they handle the ETag option, and you go into =
some
        bit of detail.  But the ETag option is not explained until =
5.10.6.  A
        forward reference would be useful.  Look around for these, and =
figure
        that extra references aren't bad, but missing ones can leave =
readers
        wondering.

More could be done about that, but realistically most spec readers are
used to using the search function of their document readers.

        -- Sec 3.2 --

          string:   A Unicode string which is encoded using UTF-8 =
[RFC3629] in
                    Net-Unicode form [RFC5198].

        I don't think you need to mention 3629 at all, and you certainly =
don't
        need it as a normative reference.  5198 covers everything you =
need,
        and can serve as your reference for UTF-8.  It has, itself, a
        reference to 3629.

        This also applies to Section 5.5.2.  In Section 6.4, you can =
also take
        out the reference to 3629 (3986 also has one, if anyone needs =
it).

Well, I'm not a big fan of transitive references.  Putting in the
additional reference may indeed only be "informative", but many
prospective readers don't know where to read up authoritatively about
UTF-8.

        -- Sec 4.3 --

        You have four types of messages: Confirmable, Non-Confirmable, =
Ack,
        and Reset.  Here you make it clear what to do with =
Non-Confirmable
        messages: "A Non-confirmable message MUST NOT be acknowledged by =
the
        recipient."  It's clear that Ack and Reset messages are =
different
        message types -- they are neither Confirmable nor =
Non-Confirmable...
        but you require that implementors infer that they, too, are not
        acknowledged.

        It would probably be useful to make that explicit, probably by =
adding
        a short paragraph to the end of Section 4.3, thus:

          Acknowledgment and Reset messages are different types of =
messages,
          distinct from both Confirmable and Non-Confirmable messages.  =
They
          are treated similarly to Non-Confirmable messages in that they
          MUST NOT themselves be acknowledged by the recipient.

I put in the first paragraph of 4.2:
>> More generally, Acknowledgement and Reset messages MUST NOT
elicit any Acknowledgement or Reset message from their recipient. <<


        -- Sec 4.4 --
        The initial variable value should be randomozed... Why?

To further reduce the likelihood of Message-ID confusion.

        -- Sec 4.8.1 --
        I'm always cautious about using "below", because people aren't =
always
        sure which things "below" are relevant.  For "(see discussion =
below)"
        and "(see below)" in the last two paragraphs, I'd say, "(see =
Section
        4.8.2)".

Thanks.  I did a number of similar changes in a couple of other places, =
too.

          ensure the adjusted value is also available to all the =
endpoints in
          communicating with which these adjusted values are to be used.

        This is hyper-silly application of the non-rule rubbish that we
        shouldn't oughta end sentences with prepositions
        =
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_common_English_usage_misconceptions)=
.
        It's terribly hard to follow.  I say throw it out.  Take it =
away.
        What are you waiting for?

        That is, just say "to all the endpoints that these adjusted =
values are
        to be used to communicate with."

Done.

        -- Sec 4.8.2 --
        In the formula for EXCHANGE_LIFETIME, would it not be good to
        substitute in MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN instead of the first line, =
especially
        because you say in the text that that value is included? That =
will
        also make it easier to see how it compares with NON_LIFETIME.

Done.

        -- Sec 5.2 --

          After receiving and interpreting a request, a server responds =
with a
          CoAP response, which is matched to the request by means of a =
client-
          generated token.

        This is probably a good place to make clear what the difference =
is
        between Message ID and Token: that the Ack of the request is =
matched
        to the request by Message ID, but the response to the request is
        matched to the request by the Token.  In cases where the =
response is
        separate from the Ack (see 5.2.2) or where there is no Ack (see
        5.2.3), this is an important distinction.  Some text along those
        lines.  No?

We have a whole section on request/response matching: 5.3.
I added a pointer.

          The upper three bits of the 8-bit Response Code number define =
the
          class of response.  The lower five bits do not have any
          categorization role; they give additional detail to the =
overall class
          (Figure 9).  There are 3 classes:

        I suggest moving the paragraph a couple of paragraphs down -- =
the one
        that begins "As a human readable notation" -- up to here, so the
        documentation format is explained before it's used.  I also =
suggest
        that that paragraph is a bit wordier than necessary.  Maybe =
this?:

        NEW
          The upper three bits of the 8-bit Response Code number define =
the
          class of response.  The lower five bits do not have any
          categorization role; they give additional detail to the =
overall class
          (Figure 9).  The response code is documented in the format =
"c.xx",
          where "c" is the class represented as an integer, and "xx" is =
the
          detail represented as a two-digit integer.  For example, for =
the
          response code "10000011" (defined as "Forbidden"), "c" is =
"100"
          and "xx" is "00011", and the code is written as "4.03".

          There are 3 classes:
        END

I picked this up, but retained a bit existing text.

          Responses can be sent in multiple ways, which are defined =
below.

        As with Section 4.8.1 on "below": here I'd say, "Responses can =
be sent
        in multiple ways, which are defined in the following =
subsections."

Done.

        -- Sec 5.2.1 --

          The response is returned in the Acknowledgement message =
independent
          of whether the response indicates success or failure.  In =
effect, the
          response is piggy-backed on the Acknowledgement message, so no
          separate message is required to both acknowledge that the =
request was
          received and return the response.

        The second sentence feels convoluted, trying to say the same =
thing too
        many times.  Maybe this is better?:

        NEW
          The response is returned in the Acknowledgement message =
independent
          of whether the response indicates success or failure.  In =
effect, the
          response is piggy-backed on the Acknowledgement message, and =
no
          separate message is required to return the response.
        END

Done.

        -- Sec 5.2.2 --

        Nit:
          Responses to requests
          carried in a Non-Confirmable message are always sent =
separately (as
          there is no Acknowledgement message).

        Match the numbers right:
        NEW-1
          Responses to requests
          carried in Non-Confirmable messages are always sent separately =
(as
          there are no Acknowledgement messages).
        ...or...
        NEW-2
          The response to a request
          carried in a Non-Confirmable message is always sent separately =
(as
          there is no Acknowledgement message).
        END

Done.

             there is no underlying transport protocol that could be =
instructed
             to run a keep-alive mechanism, the requester MAY want to =
set up a
             timeout that is unrelated to CoAP's retransmission timers =
in case
             the server is destroyed or otherwise unable to send the =
response.)

        This doesn't feel like a proper 2119 MAY (the "may want to"
        construction is one clue).  I would lower-case it.

Fixed.

          An exchange is separate by definition when the Acknowledgement =
to the
          Confirmable request is an empty message.  The Acknowledgement =
to the
          Confirmable response MUST also be an empty message, i.e. one =
that
          carries neither a request nor a response.  However, a server =
MUST
          stop retransmitting its response on any matching =
Acknowledgement
          (silently ignoring any response code or payload) or Reset =
message.

        I'm a little confused at what this is trying to tell me.  Is =
this
        giving one possible scenario, or is this telling me definitively =
how
        to detect that the server is separating the response from the =
ack?  I
        think it's the latter, but that's not how it seems to read.

        If that's what you mean, how about this?:

        NEW
          When the server chooses to use a separate response, it sends =
the
          Acknowledgement to the Confirmable request as an empty =
message.
          If the server then sends a Confirmable response, the client's
          Acknowledgement to that response MUST also be an empty =
message,
          (one that carries neither a request nor a response).  The =
server
          MUST stop retransmitting its response on any matching
          Acknowledgement (silently ignoring any response code or =
payload)
          or Reset message.
        END

        I think I might also move this up above the implementation note.

Done, done.

        -- Sec 5.2.3 --
        Isn't the second sentence really saying something more general, =
beyond
        what this section is for?: that any endpoint at any time MUST be
        prepared to receive either a Confirmable or Non-Confirmable =
response
        to either a Confirmable or Non-Confirmable request.  In other =
words,
        whether a response is or is not Confirmable can be unrelated to
        whether the request was Confirmable or not.  Should that be said
        somewhere above, somewhere in Section 4, as a more general =
statement?

Section 4 is about messages.  Section 5.2.3 really is the first place
that talks about using non-confirmable in a request-response =
interaction.

        -- Sec 5.3 --

          An endpoint receiving a token it did not generate MUST treat =
it as
          opaque and make no assumptions about its format.

        I'd say "make no assumptions about its *content*.  This also =
applies
        to Section 5.10.6.

Done.

        -- Sec 5.3.2 --
        Is it true, and is it worth mentioning, that the determination =
and
        matching of endpoint identifiers is specific to the underlying
        transport and is out of scope for this specification?  The =
reason I
        ask is that I want it to be clear that, while for UDP this is =
done by
        comparing the IP addresses and ports of the endpoints as given =
in the
        transport headers, it might be done differently in a system =
that, for
        example, identifies an endpoint through means other than IP =
address.

Indeed, this is the point being addressed by draft-becker and =
draft-silverajan.
This spec defines the endpoint abstraction for UDP and DTLS.  Other
drafts may define other ones.

I added to 4.1:

-        <t>A CoAP endpoint is the source or destination of a CoAP =
message. It is
+        <t>A CoAP endpoint is the source or destination of a CoAP
+        message.  The specific definition of an endpoint depends on
+        the transport being used for CoAP.  For the transports defined
+        in this specification,
+        the endpoint is
         identified depending on the security mode used (see <xref
         target=3D"securing-coap"/>): With no security, the endpoint is =
solely
         identified by an IP address and a UDP port number. With other =
security

        Along that line:
          In case a message carrying a response is unexpected (i.e. the =
client
          is not waiting for a response at the endpoint addressed and/or =
with
          the given token), the response is rejected (Section 4.2,
          Section 4.3).

        NEW
          In case a message carrying a response is unexpected (the =
client
          is not waiting for a response from the identified endpoint =
and/or
          with the given token), the response is rejected (Section 4.2,
          Section 4.3).
        END

I added "from the identified endpoint", but didn't remove "at the
endpoint addressed" as that is also part of the tuple being matched.
(Yes, we could go about how "client" implies the endpoint being
addressed, but this is trying to alert implementers of what they have
to do.)

        -- Sec 5.4.2 --

          In addition, for options that are marked Safe to Forward, the =
option
          indicates whether it is intended to be part of the Cache-Key =
in a
          request (NoCacheKey is not all set) or not (NoCacheKey is =
set).

        "NoCacheKey is not all set" seems a little convoluted, =
especially
        because NoCacheKey hasn't been introduced or explained yet.  =
Maybe
        this is better?:


        NEW
          In addition, for options that are marked Safe to Forward, the =
option
          indicates whether it is intended to be part of the Cache-Key =
in a
          request (some of the NoCacheKey bits are 0) or not (all =
NoCacheKey
          bits are 1; see Section 5.4.6).
        END

Done.

        As I look ahead, I see that there is nowhere an explanation of =
why
        there are three bits to represent NoCacheKey.  Why is that?  =
(Both:
        why are there three bits to represent it, *and* why is it not
        explained in the document?)

I added:

 <t>
   NoCacheKey is indicated in three bits so that only
   one out of eight codepoints is qualified as
   NoCacheKey, assuming this is the less likely case.
 </t>


        -- Section 5.4.5 --

          The definition of an option MAY specify the option to be =
repeatable.
          An option that is repeatable MAY be included one or more times =
in a
          message.  An option that is not repeatable MUST NOT be =
included more
          than once in a message.

        The first MAY should not be a 2119 key word (it's talking about =
what's
        in this document, not about the protocol).  I'd change it to, =
"The
        definitions of some options specify that those options are
        repeatable."

Fixed.

        -- Section 5.5.1 --

          For responses indicating a client or server error, the payload =
is
          considered a representation of the result of the requested =
action
          only if a Content-Format Option is given.  In the absence of =
this
          option, the payload is a Diagnostic Payload =
({{diagnostic-message-
          payload}}).

        What's that at the end?

A remnant of kramdown-rfc2629...
Fixed.

        -- Section 5.7.3 --

          In processing the response, a reverse-proxy has to be careful =
about
          namespacing the ETag option.

        "Namespace" as a verb?  Hm.  I'm sure I don't know what =
"namespacing
        the ETag option" means.  Can you try re-wording?

I have deverbed this sentence as follows:

              In processing the response, a reverse-proxy has to be =
careful
              that ETag option values from different sources
              are not mixed up on one resource offered to its clients.
              In many cases, the ETag
              can be forwarded unchanged.  If the mapping from a
              resource offered by the reverse-proxy to resources
              offered by its various origin servers is not unique, the
              reverse-proxy may need to generate a new ETag, making
              sure the semantics of this option are properly preserved.

--Apple-Mail=_1D569EBF-9891-47D9-8E6A-7D87B2EEF8E6--

From cabo@tzi.org  Mon Mar 11 20:43:14 2013
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... are in =
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/86/slides/slides-86-core-0.pdf

Presenters/Authors: Please check that all is alright (e.g., I almost =
destroyed Akbar's slides, but they should be OK now).  And please do =
fill in the remaining blanks as quickly as you can.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


From cabo@tzi.org  Tue Mar 12 03:55:06 2013
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Subject: [core] Consensus: Re:  Accept option and intermediaries
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After some more hallway discussions in Orlando, I just reread the 28 =
messages in this thread, this  time with my WG chair hat on (as opposed =
to as a WG member with a defined opinion on this).

It appears we have rough consensus to go with a single-valued =
(non-repeatable) Accept option.

(I'm personally not part of that rough consensus, but I'm also not aware =
of anybody saying "over my dead body" about this simplification.)

It appears that this will be the only substantive change from -13 to =
-14.
I'm sending this message now to validate this rough consensus once more.
(We will also have the opportunity to validate this change at the CoRE =
meeting today.)

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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In today's and tomorrow's meeting, we will need some increased attention =
to the jabber channel, as multiple authors could not make it to Orlando. =
 So if you are xmpp-savvy, please volunteer watching the channel now or =
at the start of the meeting.  There is no need for actual "scribing", =
just maybe relay information that may not be obvious from the audio =
stream.

We also need note takers.  As in the previous couple of meetings, the =
Etherpad will be available for this, so none of the note takers has to =
take full notes.  In particular, this also means that presenters can be =
note takers for the rest of the meeting.  We just have to make sure =
there is at least one active note taker at any point in time.  Again, =
please volunteer to be part of this set now or at the start of the =
meeting.  (And do put your name in the Etherpad, so we can acknowledge =
you.)

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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I made a clerical error while updating them and the most recent version =
is in:

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/86/slides/slides-86-core-1.pdf

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Tue Mar 12 13:42:15 2013
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Subject: [core] I-D Action: draft-ietf-core-coap-14.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Constrained RESTful Environments Working =
Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)
	Author(s)       : Zach Shelby
                          Klaus Hartke
                          Carsten Bormann
	Filename        : draft-ietf-core-coap-14.txt
	Pages           : 110
	Date            : 2013-03-12

Abstract:
   The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a specialized web
   transfer protocol for use with constrained nodes and constrained
   (e.g., low-power, lossy) networks.  The nodes often have 8-bit
   microcontrollers with small amounts of ROM and RAM, while constrained
   networks such as 6LoWPAN often have high packet error rates and a
   typical throughput of 10s of kbit/s.  The protocol is designed for
   machine-to-machine (M2M) applications such as smart energy and
   building automation.

   CoAP provides a request/response interaction model between
   application endpoints, supports built-in discovery of services and
   resources, and includes key concepts of the Web such as URIs and
   Internet media types.  CoAP easily interfaces with HTTP for
   integration with the Web while meeting specialized requirements such
   as multicast support, very low overhead and simplicity for
   constrained environments.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-core-coap

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-core-coap-14

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-core-coap-14


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


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My esteemed co-chair has just submitted draft-ietf-core-coap to the =
IESG.

Come celebrate (and discuss the next steps) at 13:00 today in Carribbean =
5.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


Begin forwarded message:

> Subject: Publication has been requested for draft draft-ietf-core-coap
> Date: March 13, 2013 10:10:54 -0400
>=20
> The state of document draft-ietf-core-coap has been updated. See more =
information below.
>=20
> Previous state: WG Consensus: Waiting for Write-Up
> Current state: Submitted to IESG for Publication
> Transition date: 2013-03-13 07:10
> Author of the change: Andrew McGregor


From zs68j2ee@gmail.com  Wed Mar 13 09:34:23 2013
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From: tom <zs68j2ee@gmail.com>
To: core@ietf.org
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=001a11c241ce6933c404d7d0fab8
Subject: [core] iwebpp.io announce - run peer/p2p web service with Node.js
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--001a11c241ce6933c404d7d0fab8
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

iwebpp.io - Deliver Peer/P2P Web Service with Node.js.

Features

   - Run http over udp, leverage udp's high data-transfer performance
   - Run web service in peer/p2p style, behind NAT/FW
   - Support both TURN and STUN session with Websocket
   - Expand client/central style web service transparently
   - Easy to use API, reuse existing http/web technologes
   - Thinking bridge M2M communication with Coap for IoT

for details, please refer to
 https://github.com/InstantWebP2P/iwebpp.io

https://github.com/InstantWebP2P/node-httpp

Appreciate your suggestions and thoughts.

Best regards
  Tom

--001a11c241ce6933c404d7d0fab8
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><a href=3D"http://iwebpp.io" target=3D=
"_blank">iwebpp.io</a> - Deliver Peer/P2P Web Service with Node.js.<br></di=
v></div><div><br></div></div><h3>Features</h3>

<ul><li>Run http over udp, leverage udp&#39;s high data-transfer performanc=
e</li><li>Run web service in peer/p2p style, behind NAT/FW</li><li>Support =
both TURN and STUN session with Websocket</li><li>Expand client/central sty=
le web service transparently</li>
<li>Easy to use API, reuse existing http/web technologes</li><li>Thinking b=
ridge M2M communication with Coap for IoT<br></li></ul>for details, please =
refer to<br>=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://github.com/InstantWebP2P/iwebpp.io" ta=
rget=3D"_blank">https://github.com/InstantWebP2P/iwebpp.io</a><br>
<br>
<a href=3D"https://github.com/InstantWebP2P/node-httpp" target=3D"_blank">h=
ttps://github.com/InstantWebP2P/node-httpp</a> <br><br></div><div>Appreciat=
e your suggestions and thoughts.<br></div><div><br></div>
Best regards<img src=3D"https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/images/cleardot.gi=
f"><br>=C2=A0 Tom</div>

--001a11c241ce6933c404d7d0fab8--

From iesg-secretary@ietf.org  Wed Mar 13 11:41:25 2013
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Subject: [core] Last Call: <draft-ietf-core-coap-14.txt> (Constrained Application	Protocol (CoAP)) to Proposed Standard
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The IESG has received a request from the Constrained RESTful Environments
WG (core) to consider the following document:
- 'Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)'
  <draft-ietf-core-coap-14.txt> as Proposed Standard

The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
final comments on this action. Please send substantive comments to the
ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2013-03-27. Exceptionally, comments may be
sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please retain the
beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.

Abstract


   The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a specialized web
   transfer protocol for use with constrained nodes and constrained
   (e.g., low-power, lossy) networks.  The nodes often have 8-bit
   microcontrollers with small amounts of ROM and RAM, while constrained
   networks such as 6LoWPAN often have high packet error rates and a
   typical throughput of 10s of kbit/s.  The protocol is designed for
   machine-to-machine (M2M) applications such as smart energy and
   building automation.

   CoAP provides a request/response interaction model between
   application endpoints, supports built-in discovery of services and
   resources, and includes key concepts of the Web such as URIs and
   Internet media types.  CoAP easily interfaces with HTTP for
   integration with the Web while meeting specialized requirements such
   as multicast support, very low overhead and simplicity for
   constrained environments.




The file can be obtained via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-core-coap/

IESG discussion can be tracked via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-core-coap/ballot/


No IPR declarations have been submitted directly on this I-D.



From iesg-secretary@ietf.org  Wed Mar 13 11:41:25 2013
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The IESG has received a request from the Constrained RESTful Environments
WG (core) to consider the following document:
- 'Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)'
  <draft-ietf-core-coap-14.txt> as Proposed Standard

The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
final comments on this action. Please send substantive comments to the
ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2013-03-27. Exceptionally, comments may be
sent to iesg@ietf.org instead. In either case, please retain the
beginning of the Subject line to allow automated sorting.

Abstract


   The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is a specialized web
   transfer protocol for use with constrained nodes and constrained
   (e.g., low-power, lossy) networks.  The nodes often have 8-bit
   microcontrollers with small amounts of ROM and RAM, while constrained
   networks such as 6LoWPAN often have high packet error rates and a
   typical throughput of 10s of kbit/s.  The protocol is designed for
   machine-to-machine (M2M) applications such as smart energy and
   building automation.

   CoAP provides a request/response interaction model between
   application endpoints, supports built-in discovery of services and
   resources, and includes key concepts of the Web such as URIs and
   Internet media types.  CoAP easily interfaces with HTTP for
   integration with the Web while meeting specialized requirements such
   as multicast support, very low overhead and simplicity for
   constrained environments.




The file can be obtained via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-core-coap/

IESG discussion can be tracked via
http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-core-coap/ballot/


No IPR declarations have been submitted directly on this I-D.



From zach@sensinode.com  Thu Mar 14 13:29:07 2013
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Subject: [core] DTLS for IoT group
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Many of us who are advocates of making DTLS even better for IoT are =
forming a group interested in working on this subject at the IETF. One =
result of this could be standardisation of a set of optimisations to =
DTLS for use with constrained devices and networks. Possible goals for =
this activity could be:

	=95 A minimal configuration profile of DTLS
	=95 Optimization of the DTLS handshake and record layer
	=95 Multicast record layer support for DTLS
	=95 Use of DTLS for security bootstrapping and key management

Interested? Add your name and ideas here:

=
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gw00WXRgjJJQJMv9seVpuXuLtIDYKhHE-7pX4e=
Do3g8/edit?usp=3Dsharing

Regards,
Zach

--=20
Zach Shelby, Chief Nerd, Sensinode Ltd.
http://www.sensinode.com @SensinodeIoT
Mobile: +358 40 7796297
Twitter: @zach_shelby
LinkedIn: http://fi.linkedin.com/in/zachshelby
6LoWPAN Book: http://6lowpan.net





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From: Johannes Gilger <gilger@itsec.rwth-aachen.de>
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Hi Zach,

the document you referenced seems to be read-only (or I'm missing how to
edit it).

Regards,
Jojo

On 14/03/13 16:29, Zach Shelby wrote:
> Interested? Add your name and ideas here:
> 
> https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gw00WXRgjJJQJMv9seVpuXuLtIDYKhHE-7pX4eDo3g8/edit?usp=sharing

-- 
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From zach@sensinode.com  Thu Mar 14 14:00:30 2013
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Hi,

I now made the editing completely public, should work now.

Zach

On Mar 14, 2013, at 4:48 PM, Johannes Gilger =
<gilger@itsec.rwth-aachen.de> wrote:

> Hi Zach,
>=20
> the document you referenced seems to be read-only (or I'm missing how =
to
> edit it).
>=20
> Regards,
> Jojo
>=20
> On 14/03/13 16:29, Zach Shelby wrote:
>> Interested? Add your name and ideas here:
>>=20
>> =
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Gw00WXRgjJJQJMv9seVpuXuLtIDYKhHE-7pX4e=
Do3g8/edit?usp=3Dsharing
>=20
> --=20
> Dipl.-Inform. Johannes Gilger
> Research Group IT-Security
> RWTH Aachen University
> Mies-van-der-Rohe-Stra=DFe 15
> 52074 Aachen
>=20
> Office: 211
> Phone: +49 241 80 20781
>=20
> http://itsec.rwth-aachen.de
> _______________________________________________
> core mailing list
> core@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core

--=20
Zach Shelby, Chief Nerd, Sensinode Ltd.
http://www.sensinode.com @SensinodeIoT
Mobile: +358 40 7796297
Twitter: @zach_shelby
LinkedIn: http://fi.linkedin.com/in/zachshelby
6LoWPAN Book: http://6lowpan.net





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#271: Review groupcomm requirements language


Comment (by esko.dijk@philips.com):

 addition to 2. in above comment: in short, for interoperability. As
 indicated in the CoRE WG meeting at IETF 86.
 Also this use of requirements language should be clearly explained in the
 terminology section.

-- 
-----------------------------------+------------------------------------
 Reporter:  esko.dijk@philips.com  |       Owner:  esko.dijk@philips.com
     Type:  task                   |      Status:  assigned
 Priority:  major                  |   Milestone:
Component:  groupcomm              |     Version:
 Severity:  -                      |  Resolution:
 Keywords:                         |
-----------------------------------+------------------------------------

Ticket URL: <http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/core/trac/ticket/271#comment:2>
core <http://tools.ietf.org/core/>


From sakane@tanu.org  Thu Mar 21 18:44:12 2013
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Hi,

Just for your information, now the dissector of coap-14 has been merged into the repository of wireshark.
Any feedback are welcome.

Shoichi

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Subject: [core] Response suppression
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--bcaec554d98466dd0f04d8acb9ae
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

Dear WG,

one-way traffic could be a requirement in future application scenarios
that need to keep the network unloaded of unrelevant traffic. (I have
various examples in mind, if you feel that it's worth I can contribute
some ideas)

If a response suppression mechanism is built into the protocol, even
this situation could be addressed using CoAP.

I've given it a quick try, you can read my proposal in the following
part of the message. However if any seasoned protocol-designer has
better proposals for supporting this feature, please propose it here.

I propose to restrict TKL field to a 3-bit size, as originally
proposed by Klaus
(http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/core/current/msg03832.html).
Note that right now TKL values 9-15 are reserved, so this means that
actual encoding does not change.

If we get back this reserved field we can use it for response
suppression as described in the attached text file.

Best,
Angelo

p.s.: probably for applicating this in the multicast case we need a
little more work

--bcaec554d98466dd0f04d8acb9ae
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ICAgICAwICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDEgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgMiAgICAgICAgICAg
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--bcaec554d98466dd0f04d8acb9ae--

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There are two proposals here:
1 -- introducing a way to indicate that a response is not desired;
2 -- changing the four-byte header to carry that indication.

There are a quite a few ways to provide the indication (1) that have =
fewer side-effects on what we have now than (2).
Let's focus first on what the scenarios for application of response-less =
methods would be, and then discuss how to encode them.
(Just as an existence proof, obviously, the same information could be =
carried in an Option with a single-byte encoding, or as separate method =
numbers.)

(As a protocol design meta-comment: There is a strange attraction from =
unused or reserved bits/bit combinations in a protocol, constantly =
moving people to invent ways to fill them.  That is not good for further =
evolution of the protocol, which often requires reserved bits/bit =
combinations to be available.  There is always more need to evolve a =
protocol than is apparent from the information available at a specific =
point in time.)

So what are the application scenarios for response-less methods?

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


From angelo.castellani@gmail.com  Sun Mar 24 08:24:24 2013
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From: "Angelo P. Castellani" <angelo@castellani.net>
Date: Sun, 24 Mar 2013 16:24:07 +0100
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Subject: Re: [core] Response suppression
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Generally speaking, IMHO, there are two scenarios when response is not
desidered:

1 -- in any case the response is not desidered, e.g., for timing
reasons, or because the client operation does not depend upon the
response

2 -- some responses are not desidered, e.g., see multicast requests
and client-errors (404) from some, possibly many, servers

In my point of view, case (1) is typically the case of high-priority
commands. Something like "Hey, Do this! If you fail, there is no other
possibility of doing this". Case (1) fits very well with having this
in the header because this approach does not deserve enlarging the
message, and the server (or even the network) can possibly process (or
even relay) this message with higher priority than the others.

Case (2) probably works better with an option that specifies criteria
to understand which are the undesidered responses.

I hope this clarifies my point, and motivates the reason why I put it
in that very "tempting" part of the header :-)

Best,
Angelo

2013/3/24 Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>:
> There are two proposals here:
> 1 -- introducing a way to indicate that a response is not desired;
> 2 -- changing the four-byte header to carry that indication.
>
> There are a quite a few ways to provide the indication (1) that have fewe=
r side-effects on what we have now than (2).
> Let's focus first on what the scenarios for application of response-less =
methods would be, and then discuss how to encode them.
> (Just as an existence proof, obviously, the same information could be car=
ried in an Option with a single-byte encoding, or as separate method number=
s.)
>
> (As a protocol design meta-comment: There is a strange attraction from un=
used or reserved bits/bit combinations in a protocol, constantly moving peo=
ple to invent ways to fill them.  That is not good for further evolution of=
 the protocol, which often requires reserved bits/bit combinations to be av=
ailable.  There is always more need to evolve a protocol than is apparent f=
rom the information available at a specific point in time.)
>
> So what are the application scenarios for response-less methods?
>
> Gr=C3=BC=C3=9Fe, Carsten
>

From angelo.castellani@gmail.com  Sun Mar 24 08:42:33 2013
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Dear WG,

in our work, we know that designing software for Class-1 devices is
generally a matter of selecting a strict set of
features/protocols/algorithms that enable our tiny devices doing the
wide range of things we want them to do.

I was daydreaming of having a mapping between DNS and CoAP, so that
the CoAP devices can GET, POST, PUT and DELETE values into the DNS
server as they where resources of a CoAP server.

This approach has (at least) two benefits:

1 -- we don't need to implement DNS on that devices

2 -- we have a protocol that enables (authorized) nodes to modify DNS entries

Point (1) helps efficient node implementation. Point (2) enables a
possible approach to solve ID-Locator split issues, generally
requiring complex systems (see the resource directory). Using the DNS
to name CoAP nodes enables reusing a well-known Internet protocol for
solving about 90% cases where these systems are required.

What does the WG feel about this mapping?

Best,
Angelo

From cabo@tzi.org  Sun Mar 24 15:16:33 2013
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The draft IETF86 minutes are at:

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/86/minutes/minutes-86-core

Thanks again for the notetakers; all errors are mine.

This was a pretty productive meeting, please take a couple of minutes =
reviewing if your contributions are properly recorded.

Please send editorial comments to me, substantive comments to the list.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


From cabo@tzi.org  Sun Mar 24 15:33:35 2013
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In Orlando, we said we were trying to increase the level of attention on =
the HTTP mapping draft with a view to making it a WG document very soon.
So, if you have comments on it now, please send them to the list.
We had a few people volunteering to review the draft as a prerequisite =
to a call for WG adoption, so please do send in these (short or long, as =
you like) reviews.
Of course WG adoption means that the WG starts considering this as a WG =
draft, not that we all already agree with every detail, but any concerns =
about scoping and general approach should be discussed now.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


From stokcons@xs4all.nl  Mon Mar 25 01:49:13 2013
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Hi Angelo,

I don't understand your point 1; you mean DNS-client code?

I partially agree with your dream, but I only see it as a reduction of 
code on the client device.
We may use the coap security for the DNS access; given future 
edevelopments this may be a reduction in code size on the client.

However, I don't see changes to DNS taking place, but may be you can 
convince Stuart for his Hybrid-1 draft: 
draft-cheshire-mdnsext-hybrid-01.

Greetings,

peter

Angelo P. Castellani schreef op 2013-03-24 16:42:
> Dear WG,
> 
> in our work, we know that designing software for Class-1 devices is
> generally a matter of selecting a strict set of
> features/protocols/algorithms that enable our tiny devices doing the
> wide range of things we want them to do.
> 
> I was daydreaming of having a mapping between DNS and CoAP, so that
> the CoAP devices can GET, POST, PUT and DELETE values into the DNS
> server as they where resources of a CoAP server.
> 
> This approach has (at least) two benefits:
> 
> 1 -- we don't need to implement DNS on that devices
> 
> 2 -- we have a protocol that enables (authorized) nodes to modify DNS 
> entries
> 
> Point (1) helps efficient node implementation. Point (2) enables a
> possible approach to solve ID-Locator split issues, generally
> requiring complex systems (see the resource directory). Using the DNS
> to name CoAP nodes enables reusing a well-known Internet protocol for
> solving about 90% cases where these systems are required.
> 
> What does the WG feel about this mapping?
> 
> Best,
> Angelo
> _______________________________________________
> core mailing list
> core@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core

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From: "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com>
To: "Angelo P. Castellani" <angelo@castellani.net>, Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>
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From: "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com>
To: "core (core@ietf.org)" <core@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Any experience in using CoAP responses to multicast requests?
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Date: Mon, 25 Mar 2013 09:16:19 +0000
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Subject: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to multicast requests?
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--_000_031DD135F9160444ABBE3B0C36CED618BF0286011DB3MPN2082MGDP_
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Dear all,

one of the review comments to the GroupComm I-D concerns the lack of (imple=
mentation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP multicast, and the ass=
ociated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D provides guidelines in this ar=
ea but not based on such experience.

Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows someone, or a publicat=
ion etc.)

regards,
Esko

________________________________
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<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Dear all,</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">one of the review comments to the GroupComm I-D conc=
erns the lack of (implementation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP=
 multicast, and the associated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D provide=
s guidelines in this area but not
 based on such experience.</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows=
 someone, or a publication etc.)</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
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From: Floris Van den Abeele <floris.vandenabeele@intec.ugent.be>
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In section 2 the definitions of reverse and forward proxies are not that 
clear to me. The text tries to clarify:

    Reverse and Forward proxies are technically very similar, with main
    differences being that the former appears to a client as an origin
    server while the latter does not, and that clients may be unaware
    they are communicating with a proxy.

In my mind, a typical reverse cross protocol proxy (RXPP hereafter) 
exposes the following 'interface' http://www.proxy.com/foo/bar, which it 
internally translates to coap://<sensor>/resA. The RXPP might serve 
resources from multiple resources, but the HTTP client is unaware of 
this (RXPP appears as origin server).

My problem lies with a cross protocol proxy (XPP) with the following 
interface 
http://www.proxy.com/.wellknown/core-translate/1.2.3.4_4567/foo/bar?a=3 
(which is translated to coap://1.2.3.4:4567/foo/bar?a=3). This is also 
said to be an example of a reverse proxy (right?). However, in this case 
the HTTP client is aware that the XPP isn't the origin server, the 
actual origin server is mentioned in the request, so I would say it 
resembles a forward XPP. Reading section 10.2 of the core coap spec 
seems to confirm this (one difference is that the coap scheme is omitted 
in the 2nd example, but it is implied anyway).

Can the authors (or someone else) give clear examples of forward and 
reverse http/coap cross protocol proxies?
Once I better understand the distinction, I hope to do a more thorough 
review of the draft.

Greets,
Floris

Op zo 24 mrt 2013 23:33:29 CET, Carsten Bormann schreef:
>
> In Orlando, we said we were trying to increase the level of attention 
> on the HTTP mapping draft with a view to making it a WG document very 
> soon.
> So, if you have comments on it now, please send them to the list.
> We had a few people volunteering to review the draft as a prerequisite 
> to a call for WG adoption, so please do send in these (short or long, 
> as you like) reviews.
> Of course WG adoption means that the WG starts considering this as a 
> WG draft, not that we all already agree with every detail, but any 
> concerns about scoping and general approach should be discussed now.
>
> Grüße, Carsten
>
> _______________________________________________
> core mailing list
> core@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core

From cabo@tzi.org  Tue Mar 26 08:12:38 2013
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On Mar 26, 2013, at 15:52, Floris Van den Abeele =
<floris.vandenabeele@intec.ugent.be> wrote:

> Can the authors (or someone else) give clear examples of forward and =
reverse http/coap cross protocol proxies?

core-coap-14 defines:


   Forward-Proxy
      A "forward-proxy" is an endpoint selected by a client, usually via
      local configuration rules, to perform requests on behalf of the
      client, doing any necessary translations.  Some translations are
      minimal, such as for proxy requests for "coap" URIs, whereas other
      requests might require translation to and from entirely different
      application-layer protocols.

   Reverse-Proxy
      A "reverse-proxy" is an endpoint that stands in for one or more
      other server(s) and satisfies requests on behalf of these, doing
      any necessary translations.  Unlike a forward-proxy, the client
      may not be aware that it is communicating with a reverse-proxy; a
      reverse-proxy receives requests as if it was the origin server for
      the target resource.

... and goes on (5.7):

   In an overall architecture for a Constrained RESTful Environment,
   proxies can serve quite different purposes.  Proxies can be
   explicitly selected by clients, a role that we term "forward-proxy".
   Proxies can also be inserted to stand in for origin servers, a role
   that we term "reverse-proxy".  Orthogonal to this distinction, a
   proxy can map from a CoAP request to a CoAP request (CoAP-to-CoAP
   proxy) or translate from or to a different protocol ("cross-proxy").
   Full definitions of these terms are provided in Section 1.2.

   Notes:  The terminology in this specification has been selected to be
      culturally compatible with the terminology used in the wider Web
      application environments, without necessarily matching it in every
      detail (which may not even be relevant to Constrained RESTful
      Environments).  Not too much semantics should be ascribed to the
      components of the terms (such as "forward", "reverse", or
      "cross").

      HTTP proxies, besides acting as HTTP proxies, often offer a
      transport protocol proxying function ("CONNECT") to enable end-to-
      end transport layer security through the proxy.  No such function
      is defined for CoAP-to-CoAP proxies in this specification, as
      forwarding of UDP packets is unlikely to be of much value in
      Constrained RESTful environments.  See also Section 10.2.7 for the
      cross-proxy case.


So the point is that a client always knows when it is using a =
Forward-Proxy, i.e., it has explicitly chosen to talk to it as opposed =
to the origin server.  We have the options Proxy-Uri and Proxy-Scheme =
that enable to express this choice explicitly:

5.7.2.  Forward-Proxies

   CoAP distinguishes between requests made (as if) to an origin server
   and a request made through a forward-proxy.  CoAP requests to a
   forward-proxy are made as normal Confirmable or Non-confirmable
   requests to the forward-proxy endpoint, but specify the request URI
   in a different way: The request URI in a proxy request is specified
   as a string in the Proxy-Uri Option (see Section 5.10.2), while the
   request URI in a request to an origin server is split into the Uri-
   Host, Uri-Port, Uri-Path and Uri-Query Options (see Section 5.10.1);
   alternatively the URI in a proxy request can be assembled from a
   Proxy-Scheme option and the split options mentioned.

There is no way in a URI to specify the use of a forward-proxy.
Which forward-proxy is used is decided by the client based on local =
information (which may include information gleaned from the URI, of =
course).  The URI continues to looks

For a reverse-proxy, the client might be thinking it is talking to the =
actual origin server:
The URI directly points to the reverse-proxy, but instead of serving its =
resource directly, the reverse-proxy defers to an origin server (or =
another reverse proxy!).

5.7.3.  Reverse-Proxies

   Reverse-proxies do not make use of the Proxy-Uri or Proxy-Scheme
   options, but need to determine the destination (next hop) of a
   request from information in the request and information in their
   configuration.  E.g., a reverse-proxy might offer various resources
   the existence of which it has learned through resource discovery as
   if they were its own resources.  The reverse-proxy is free to build a
   namespace for the URIs that identify these resources.  A reverse-
   proxy may also build a namespace that gives the client more control
   over where the request goes, e.g. by embedding host identifiers and
   port numbers into the URI path of the resources offered.

draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt also alludes to the fact that =
there may be "transparent" (intercepting) entities intervening on the =
path to the origin server and acting a bit like reverse-proxies, except =
that the network provider has chosen to interpose them as opposed to the =
client.

Of course, all these types can be combined on a path to an origin =
server: A client can use a forward-proxy to talk to a reverse-proxy, =
with any number of additional reverse-proxies (and "transparent" =
(intercepting) proxies) on the way to the origin server.

Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt doesn't really need to =
define the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, but can reference them =
from the core coap spec.  "transparent"/intercepting proxies are not =
discussed in core-coap, though.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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On Mar 26, 2013, at 16:12, Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org> wrote:

> The URI continues to looks

(Apple Mail crashing again and interrupting my thought process.

I was trying to say:)

The URI continues to look as if the client was directly talking to the =
origin server.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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On Mar 26, 2013, at 15:52, Floris Van den Abeele =
<floris.vandenabeele@intec.ugent.be> wrote:

> My problem lies with a cross protocol proxy (XPP) with the following =
interface =
http://www.proxy.com/.wellknown/core-translate/1.2.3.4_4567/foo/bar?a=3D3 =
(which is translated to coap://1.2.3.4:4567/foo/bar?a=3D3). This is also =
said to be an example of a reverse proxy (right?). However, in this case =
the HTTP client is aware that the XPP isn't the origin server,

Actually, it may not be -- this URI may have been supplied by a server =
to the client, and clients aren't supposed to be snooping into the =
structure of URI path anyway.

> the actual origin server is mentioned in the request, so I would say =
it resembles a forward XPP. Reading section 10.2 of the core coap spec =
seems to confirm this (one difference is that the coap scheme is omitted =
in the 2nd example, but it is implied anyway).

Defining a convention for how a reverse cross-proxy builds the URIs =
under which it offers the resources of an origin server might look like =
allowing a client to use the reverse cross-proxy as if it were a =
forward-proxy.  And that may actually be a benefit of such a convention, =
because it is hard to carry forward-proxy configuration information =
through client APIs (and, even more, through sequences of prepended =
proxies).  But I would expect these reverse proxies to make their URIs =
available through a resource directory, so there may never be a need for =
a client to compute a URI.  The convention would then just help in =
understanding what is going on, and in sending diagnostic requests to a =
reverse cross-proxy.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to multicast requests?
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Dear Esko and all,

At iMinds we have some limited experience with multicast in wireless 
sensor networks. We have used multicast CoAP requests in order to 
discover sensors inside LLNs. At the networking layer of the LLN the 
multicast messages were routed as broadcasts. We have conducted our 
tests using our testbed with real sensor nodes and have experimented 
with network sizes up to 50 nodes in different network topologies with 
hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.

As expected, the use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be challenging.  
Even for small sensor networks (10 nodes or less), we had issues with 
broadcast storms in the network. One reason for these storms was related 
to routing (a basic AODV implementation in our case). Once the sensor 
nodes got the multicast and wanted to reply they all started asking for 
the route to the gateway at the same time, causing the network to become 
unresponsive. In order to combat this broadcast storms we let the sensor 
gateway broadcast a route reply packet in the network. This caused all 
sensors to establish a route to the gateway and eliminated the need for 
them to start asking for a route once they get the discovery request.

In our implementation the boarder router sending the broadcasts was also 
a constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it could not handle all the replies 
it got from the other sensors, because they arrived with small time gaps 
between them. This led to the receive buffer on the boarder router to 
start dropping packets. To help solving this issue we introduced random 
delays in the network -- before responding the CoAP requests (Leisure) 
and before forwarding broadcasts in the network.

By using these techniques we improved the delivery of the multicast and 
the resulting unicast replies very much. Still since multicasts are 
delivered in a non-confirmable way, there was no way to tell that the 
multicast did actually get to all nodes. In our case this was ok and 
just meant that the sensors that did not get the multicast the first 
time will get it the next time when a new periodic pull for discovery 
was done.

First results of this work have been published in the following paper:
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6296943&isnumber=6296822

An extended version of this paper with more experimental results is 
currently under review. At this moment, we are also exploring the use of 
an intermediary to offer group communication functionality based on 
unicast (paper under review). We are also interested comparing this 
approach with a complete multicast solution for a LLN.

Best Regards,
Isam Ishaq


On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko wrote:
>
> Dear all,
>
> one of the review comments to the GroupComm I-D concerns the lack of 
> (implementation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP multicast, 
> and the associated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D provides 
> guidelines in this area but not based on such experience.
>
> Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows someone, or a 
> publication etc.)
>
> regards,
>
> Esko
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> The information contained in this message may be confidential and 
> legally protected under applicable law. The message is intended solely 
> for the addressee(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you are 
> hereby notified that any use, forwarding, dissemination, or 
> reproduction of this message is strictly prohibited and may be 
> unlawful. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the 
> sender by return e-mail and destroy all copies of the original message.
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> core mailing list
> core@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core


-- 
Isam Ishaq
Department of Information Technology
Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)
Ghent University - iMinds
Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium
M: +32 (0)484 856 155
T: +32 (0)9 33 14946
T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900
F: +32 (0)9 33 14899
E: isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be
W : www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be


--------------080704030101000307050705
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<html>
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    <meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
      http-equiv="Content-Type">
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  <body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dear Esko and all,<br>
      <br>
      At iMinds we have some limited experience with multicast in
      wireless sensor networks. We have used multicast CoAP requests in
      order to discover sensors inside LLNs. At the networking layer of
      the LLN the multicast messages were routed as broadcasts. We have
      conducted our tests using our testbed with real sensor nodes and
      have experimented with network sizes up to 50 nodes in different
      network topologies with hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.<br>
      <br>
      As expected, the use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be
      challenging.&nbsp; Even for small sensor networks (10 nodes or less),
      we had issues with broadcast storms in the network. One reason for
      these storms was related to routing (a basic AODV implementation
      in our case). Once the sensor nodes got the multicast and wanted
      to reply they all started asking for the route to the gateway at
      the same time, causing the network to become unresponsive. In
      order to combat this broadcast storms we let the sensor gateway
      broadcast a route reply packet in the network. This caused all
      sensors to establish a route to the gateway and eliminated the
      need for them to start asking for a route once they get the
      discovery request. <br>
      <br>
      In our implementation the boarder router sending the broadcasts
      was also a constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it could not handle
      all the replies it got from the other sensors, because they
      arrived with small time gaps between them. This led to the receive
      buffer on the boarder router to start dropping packets. To help
      solving this issue we introduced random delays in the network &#8211;
      before responding the CoAP requests (<span
        style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: &quot;Times New
        Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times
        New Roman&quot;;mso-ansi-language:
        EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA"
        lang="EN-GB">Leisure)</span> and before forwarding broadcasts in
      the network.<o:p></o:p><br>
      <div text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <br>
        <link rel="File-List"
href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5Cisam%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml">
        <link rel="themeData"
href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5Cisam%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx">
        <link rel="colorSchemeMapping"
href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5Cisam%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml">
        By using these techniques we improved the delivery of the
        multicast and the resulting unicast replies very much. Still
        since multicasts are delivered in a non-confirmable way, there
        was no way to tell that the multicast did actually get to all
        nodes. In our case this was ok and just meant that the sensors
        that did not get the multicast the first time will get it the
        next time when a new periodic pull for discovery was done.<br>
        <br>
        First results of this work have been published in the following
        paper:<br>
        <a
href="http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&amp;arnumber=6296943&amp;isnumber=6296822">http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&amp;arnumber=6296943&amp;isnumber=6296822</a><br>
        <br>
        An extended version of this paper with more experimental results
        is currently under review. At this moment, we are also exploring
        the use of an intermediary to offer group communication
        functionality based on unicast (paper under review). We are also
        interested comparing this approach with a complete multicast
        solution for a LLN.<br>
        <br>
        Best Regards,<br>
        Isam Ishaq<br>
      </div>
      <br>
      <br>
      On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:031DD135F9160444ABBE3B0C36CED618BF0286@011-DB3MPN2-082.MGDPHG.emi.philips.com"
      type="cite">
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
        charset=ISO-8859-1">
      <style>
<!--
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</style>
      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal">Dear all,</p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">one of the review comments to the GroupComm
          I-D concerns the lack of (implementation or simulation)
          experience with use of CoAP multicast, and the associated
          multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D provides guidelines in
          this area but not based on such experience.</p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast?
          (Or knows someone, or a publication etc.)</p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">regards,</p>
        <p class="MsoNormal">Esko</p>
      </div>
      <br>
      <hr>
      <font size="1" color="Gray" face="Arial">The information contained
        in this message may be confidential and legally protected under
        applicable law. The message is intended solely for the
        addressee(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you are
        hereby notified that any use, forwarding, dissemination, or
        reproduction of this message is strictly prohibited and may be
        unlawful. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact
        the sender by return e-mail and destroy all copies of the
        original message.<br>
      </font>
      <br>
      <fieldset class="mimeAttachmentHeader"></fieldset>
      <br>
      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
core mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:core@ietf.org">core@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core</a>
</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Isam Ishaq
Department of Information Technology
Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)
Ghent University - iMinds 
Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium
M: +32 (0)484 856 155
T: +32 (0)9 33 14946
T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900
F: +32 (0)9 33 14899
E: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be">isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be</a>
W : <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be">www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be</a></pre>
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From Akbar.Rahman@InterDigital.com  Tue Mar 26 10:25:57 2013
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Hi Carsten,


With respect to your comment:

	Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt doesn't really need to =
define the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, but can reference them =
	from the core coap spec.  "transparent"/intercepting proxies are not =
discussed in core-coap, though.


Yes, the definition for forward-proxy can be referenced to the coap-14 =
I-D.  However, the reverse-proxy definition in coap-14 does not =
explicitly discuss HTTP-CoAP translation (which is the key point of this =
I-D and the reason that we thought it was worthwhile to explicitly =
define reverse-proxy in this way in this I-D).  Do you agree with this =
logic?




Best Regards,


Akbar


-----Original Message-----
From: core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of =
Carsten Bormann
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 11:12 AM
To: Floris Van den Abeele
Cc: core WG
Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of =
draft-castellani-core-http-mapping

On Mar 26, 2013, at 15:52, Floris Van den Abeele =
<floris.vandenabeele@intec.ugent.be> wrote:

> Can the authors (or someone else) give clear examples of forward and =
reverse http/coap cross protocol proxies?

core-coap-14 defines:


   Forward-Proxy
      A "forward-proxy" is an endpoint selected by a client, usually via
      local configuration rules, to perform requests on behalf of the
      client, doing any necessary translations.  Some translations are
      minimal, such as for proxy requests for "coap" URIs, whereas other
      requests might require translation to and from entirely different
      application-layer protocols.

   Reverse-Proxy
      A "reverse-proxy" is an endpoint that stands in for one or more
      other server(s) and satisfies requests on behalf of these, doing
      any necessary translations.  Unlike a forward-proxy, the client
      may not be aware that it is communicating with a reverse-proxy; a
      reverse-proxy receives requests as if it was the origin server for
      the target resource.

... and goes on (5.7):

   In an overall architecture for a Constrained RESTful Environment,
   proxies can serve quite different purposes.  Proxies can be
   explicitly selected by clients, a role that we term "forward-proxy".
   Proxies can also be inserted to stand in for origin servers, a role
   that we term "reverse-proxy".  Orthogonal to this distinction, a
   proxy can map from a CoAP request to a CoAP request (CoAP-to-CoAP
   proxy) or translate from or to a different protocol ("cross-proxy").
   Full definitions of these terms are provided in Section 1.2.

   Notes:  The terminology in this specification has been selected to be
      culturally compatible with the terminology used in the wider Web
      application environments, without necessarily matching it in every
      detail (which may not even be relevant to Constrained RESTful
      Environments).  Not too much semantics should be ascribed to the
      components of the terms (such as "forward", "reverse", or
      "cross").

      HTTP proxies, besides acting as HTTP proxies, often offer a
      transport protocol proxying function ("CONNECT") to enable end-to-
      end transport layer security through the proxy.  No such function
      is defined for CoAP-to-CoAP proxies in this specification, as
      forwarding of UDP packets is unlikely to be of much value in
      Constrained RESTful environments.  See also Section 10.2.7 for the
      cross-proxy case.


So the point is that a client always knows when it is using a =
Forward-Proxy, i.e., it has explicitly chosen to talk to it as opposed =
to the origin server.  We have the options Proxy-Uri and Proxy-Scheme =
that enable to express this choice explicitly:

5.7.2.  Forward-Proxies

   CoAP distinguishes between requests made (as if) to an origin server
   and a request made through a forward-proxy.  CoAP requests to a
   forward-proxy are made as normal Confirmable or Non-confirmable
   requests to the forward-proxy endpoint, but specify the request URI
   in a different way: The request URI in a proxy request is specified
   as a string in the Proxy-Uri Option (see Section 5.10.2), while the
   request URI in a request to an origin server is split into the Uri-
   Host, Uri-Port, Uri-Path and Uri-Query Options (see Section 5.10.1);
   alternatively the URI in a proxy request can be assembled from a
   Proxy-Scheme option and the split options mentioned.

There is no way in a URI to specify the use of a forward-proxy.
Which forward-proxy is used is decided by the client based on local =
information (which may include information gleaned from the URI, of =
course).  The URI continues to looks

For a reverse-proxy, the client might be thinking it is talking to the =
actual origin server:
The URI directly points to the reverse-proxy, but instead of serving its =
resource directly, the reverse-proxy defers to an origin server (or =
another reverse proxy!).

5.7.3.  Reverse-Proxies

   Reverse-proxies do not make use of the Proxy-Uri or Proxy-Scheme
   options, but need to determine the destination (next hop) of a
   request from information in the request and information in their
   configuration.  E.g., a reverse-proxy might offer various resources
   the existence of which it has learned through resource discovery as
   if they were its own resources.  The reverse-proxy is free to build a
   namespace for the URIs that identify these resources.  A reverse-
   proxy may also build a namespace that gives the client more control
   over where the request goes, e.g. by embedding host identifiers and
   port numbers into the URI path of the resources offered.

draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt also alludes to the fact that =
there may be "transparent" (intercepting) entities intervening on the =
path to the origin server and acting a bit like reverse-proxies, except =
that the network provider has chosen to interpose them as opposed to the =
client.

Of course, all these types can be combined on a path to an origin =
server: A client can use a forward-proxy to talk to a reverse-proxy, =
with any number of additional reverse-proxies (and "transparent" =
(intercepting) proxies) on the way to the origin server.

Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt doesn't really need to =
define the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, but can reference them =
from the core coap spec.  "transparent"/intercepting proxies are not =
discussed in core-coap, though.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten

_______________________________________________
core mailing list
core@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core

From esko.dijk@philips.com  Wed Mar 27 01:26:49 2013
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From: "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com>
To: "Rahman, Akbar" <Akbar.Rahman@InterDigital.com>, Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>, Floris Van den Abeele <floris.vandenabeele@intec.ugent.be>
Thread-Topic: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping
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Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping
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Hi all,

In my view it would be best to base ourselves on the coap-14 definitions. T=
hese already mention that translations between protocols can be done, so th=
at should be ok for our HTTP-CoAP translation purpose. But I agree with Akb=
ar we still should have some text in draft-castellani-core-http-mapping tha=
t shows what the general definitions mean when applied to HTTP-to-CoAP requ=
est translation.

However, there was some discussion among the authors of draft-castellani-co=
re-http-mapping about one part of the coap-14 definition:
 "Unlike a forward-proxy, the client may not be aware that it is communicat=
ing with a reverse-proxy;"

This was considered too vague. The client's "awareness" is not something wh=
ere we can technically distinguish forward/reverse proxies. The second part=
 of the sentence is more useful:
 " a  reverse-proxy receives requests as if it was the origin server for th=
e target resource".
This is also what the longer definition in draft-castellani-core-http-mappi=
ng tries to say. And [I-D.ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging] also defines the disti=
nction in this manner. Floris, I hope this makes the distinction clear? In =
a next version we could refer to the coap-14 definitions and add some text =
that applies these in the specific HTTP-CoAP translation context.

So the authors value a clear technical distinction between forward and reve=
rse proxy without having to debate on "awareness" and whether the client ca=
n or will do URI structure interpretation.

regards,
Esko



-----Original Message-----
From: core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Rah=
man, Akbar
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 18:26
To: Carsten Bormann
Cc: core WG
Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping

Hi Carsten,


With respect to your comment:

        Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt doesn't really need=
 to define the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, but can reference the=
m         from the core coap spec.  "transparent"/intercepting proxies are =
not discussed in core-coap, though.


Yes, the definition for forward-proxy can be referenced to the coap-14 I-D.=
  However, the reverse-proxy definition in coap-14 does not explicitly disc=
uss HTTP-CoAP translation (which is the key point of this I-D and the reaso=
n that we thought it was worthwhile to explicitly define reverse-proxy in t=
his way in this I-D).  Do you agree with this logic?




Best Regards,


Akbar


-----Original Message-----
From: core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Car=
sten Bormann
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 11:12 AM
To: Floris Van den Abeele
Cc: core WG
Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping

On Mar 26, 2013, at 15:52, Floris Van den Abeele <floris.vandenabeele@intec=
.ugent.be> wrote:

> Can the authors (or someone else) give clear examples of forward and reve=
rse http/coap cross protocol proxies?

core-coap-14 defines:


   Forward-Proxy
      A "forward-proxy" is an endpoint selected by a client, usually via
      local configuration rules, to perform requests on behalf of the
      client, doing any necessary translations.  Some translations are
      minimal, such as for proxy requests for "coap" URIs, whereas other
      requests might require translation to and from entirely different
      application-layer protocols.

   Reverse-Proxy
      A "reverse-proxy" is an endpoint that stands in for one or more
      other server(s) and satisfies requests on behalf of these, doing
      any necessary translations.  Unlike a forward-proxy, the client
      may not be aware that it is communicating with a reverse-proxy; a
      reverse-proxy receives requests as if it was the origin server for
      the target resource.

... and goes on (5.7):

   In an overall architecture for a Constrained RESTful Environment,
   proxies can serve quite different purposes.  Proxies can be
   explicitly selected by clients, a role that we term "forward-proxy".
   Proxies can also be inserted to stand in for origin servers, a role
   that we term "reverse-proxy".  Orthogonal to this distinction, a
   proxy can map from a CoAP request to a CoAP request (CoAP-to-CoAP
   proxy) or translate from or to a different protocol ("cross-proxy").
   Full definitions of these terms are provided in Section 1.2.

   Notes:  The terminology in this specification has been selected to be
      culturally compatible with the terminology used in the wider Web
      application environments, without necessarily matching it in every
      detail (which may not even be relevant to Constrained RESTful
      Environments).  Not too much semantics should be ascribed to the
      components of the terms (such as "forward", "reverse", or
      "cross").

      HTTP proxies, besides acting as HTTP proxies, often offer a
      transport protocol proxying function ("CONNECT") to enable end-to-
      end transport layer security through the proxy.  No such function
      is defined for CoAP-to-CoAP proxies in this specification, as
      forwarding of UDP packets is unlikely to be of much value in
      Constrained RESTful environments.  See also Section 10.2.7 for the
      cross-proxy case.


So the point is that a client always knows when it is using a Forward-Proxy=
, i.e., it has explicitly chosen to talk to it as opposed to the origin ser=
ver.  We have the options Proxy-Uri and Proxy-Scheme that enable to express=
 this choice explicitly:

5.7.2.  Forward-Proxies

   CoAP distinguishes between requests made (as if) to an origin server
   and a request made through a forward-proxy.  CoAP requests to a
   forward-proxy are made as normal Confirmable or Non-confirmable
   requests to the forward-proxy endpoint, but specify the request URI
   in a different way: The request URI in a proxy request is specified
   as a string in the Proxy-Uri Option (see Section 5.10.2), while the
   request URI in a request to an origin server is split into the Uri-
   Host, Uri-Port, Uri-Path and Uri-Query Options (see Section 5.10.1);
   alternatively the URI in a proxy request can be assembled from a
   Proxy-Scheme option and the split options mentioned.

There is no way in a URI to specify the use of a forward-proxy.
Which forward-proxy is used is decided by the client based on local informa=
tion (which may include information gleaned from the URI, of course).  The =
URI continues to looks

For a reverse-proxy, the client might be thinking it is talking to the actu=
al origin server:
The URI directly points to the reverse-proxy, but instead of serving its re=
source directly, the reverse-proxy defers to an origin server (or another r=
everse proxy!).

5.7.3.  Reverse-Proxies

   Reverse-proxies do not make use of the Proxy-Uri or Proxy-Scheme
   options, but need to determine the destination (next hop) of a
   request from information in the request and information in their
   configuration.  E.g., a reverse-proxy might offer various resources
   the existence of which it has learned through resource discovery as
   if they were its own resources.  The reverse-proxy is free to build a
   namespace for the URIs that identify these resources.  A reverse-
   proxy may also build a namespace that gives the client more control
   over where the request goes, e.g. by embedding host identifiers and
   port numbers into the URI path of the resources offered.

draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt also alludes to the fact that the=
re may be "transparent" (intercepting) entities intervening on the path to =
the origin server and acting a bit like reverse-proxies, except that the ne=
twork provider has chosen to interpose them as opposed to the client.

Of course, all these types can be combined on a path to an origin server: A=
 client can use a forward-proxy to talk to a reverse-proxy, with any number=
 of additional reverse-proxies (and "transparent" (intercepting) proxies) o=
n the way to the origin server.

Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt doesn't really need to defi=
ne the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, but can reference them from t=
he core coap spec.  "transparent"/intercepting proxies are not discussed in=
 core-coap, though.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten

_______________________________________________
core mailing list
core@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core
_______________________________________________
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https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core

________________________________
The information contained in this message may be confidential and legally p=
rotected under applicable law. The message is intended solely for the addre=
ssee(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified tha=
t any use, forwarding, dissemination, or reproduction of this message is st=
rictly prohibited and may be unlawful. If you are not the intended recipien=
t, please contact the sender by return e-mail and destroy all copies of the=
 original message.


From esko.dijk@philips.com  Wed Mar 27 07:04:44 2013
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From: "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com>
To: Isam Ishaq <isam.ishaq@intec.ugent.be>, "core@ietf.org" <core@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to multicast requests?
Thread-Index: AQHOKjmBchpIVeX/tUC5di2JAdx13pi5kPdA
Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2013 14:04:17 +0000
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Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to multicast	requests?
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Thanks Isam,

It's good to hear that the two measures (CoAP Leisure + random delay in for=
warding) solved the issue. CoAP server implementations SHOULD use the Leisu=
re, and the random forwarding delay is also applied in the Multicast Protoc=
ol for Low-power lossy networks (MPL) of the RoLL Working Group.

I would be interested to hear about the extended paper as well, when it is =
published.

regards,
Esko

From: core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Isa=
m Ishaq
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 16:49
To: core@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to multicast req=
uests?

Dear Esko and all,

At iMinds we have some limited experience with multicast in wireless sensor=
 networks. We have used multicast CoAP requests in order to discover sensor=
s inside LLNs. At the networking layer of the LLN the multicast messages we=
re routed as broadcasts. We have conducted our tests using our testbed with=
 real sensor nodes and have experimented with network sizes up to 50 nodes =
in different network topologies with hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.

As expected, the use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be challenging.  Eve=
n for small sensor networks (10 nodes or less), we had issues with broadcas=
t storms in the network. One reason for these storms was related to routing=
 (a basic AODV implementation in our case). Once the sensor nodes got the m=
ulticast and wanted to reply they all started asking for the route to the g=
ateway at the same time, causing the network to become unresponsive. In ord=
er to combat this broadcast storms we let the sensor gateway broadcast a ro=
ute reply packet in the network. This caused all sensors to establish a rou=
te to the gateway and eliminated the need for them to start asking for a ro=
ute once they get the discovery request.

In our implementation the boarder router sending the broadcasts was also a =
constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it could not handle all the replies it g=
ot from the other sensors, because they arrived with small time gaps betwee=
n them. This led to the receive buffer on the boarder router to start dropp=
ing packets. To help solving this issue we introduced random delays in the =
network - before responding the CoAP requests (Leisure) and before forwardi=
ng broadcasts in the network.

By using these techniques we improved the delivery of the multicast and the=
 resulting unicast replies very much. Still since multicasts are delivered =
in a non-confirmable way, there was no way to tell that the multicast did a=
ctually get to all nodes. In our case this was ok and just meant that the s=
ensors that did not get the multicast the first time will get it the next t=
ime when a new periodic pull for discovery was done.

First results of this work have been published in the following paper:
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=3D&arnumber=3D6296943&isnumbe=
r=3D6296822

An extended version of this paper with more experimental results is current=
ly under review. At this moment, we are also exploring the use of an interm=
ediary to offer group communication functionality based on unicast (paper u=
nder review). We are also interested comparing this approach with a complet=
e multicast solution for a LLN.

Best Regards,
Isam Ishaq


On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko wrote:
Dear all,

one of the review comments to the GroupComm I-D concerns the lack of (imple=
mentation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP multicast, and the ass=
ociated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D provides guidelines in this ar=
ea but not based on such experience.

Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows someone, or a publicat=
ion etc.)

regards,
Esko

________________________________
The information contained in this message may be confidential and legally p=
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t any use, forwarding, dissemination, or reproduction of this message is st=
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--

Isam Ishaq

Department of Information Technology

Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)

Ghent University - iMinds

Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium

M: +32 (0)484 856 155

T: +32 (0)9 33 14946

T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900

F: +32 (0)9 33 14899

E: isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be<mailto:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be>

W : www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be<http://www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be>

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<div class=3D"WordSection1">
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D">Thanks Isam,<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D">It&#8217;s good to hea=
r that the two measures (CoAP Leisure &#43; random delay in forwarding) sol=
ved the issue. CoAP server implementations SHOULD use the Leisure, and the =
random forwarding delay is also applied in the
 Multicast Protocol for Low-power lossy networks (MPL) of the RoLL Working =
Group.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D">I would be interested =
to hear about the extended paper as well, when it is published.<o:p></o:p><=
/span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D">regards,<o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D">Esko<o:p></o:p></span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></spa=
n></p>
<div>
<div style=3D"border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in =
0in 0in">
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot=
;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:windowtext">From:</span></b><spa=
n style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif=
&quot;;color:windowtext"> core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.o=
rg]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Isam Ishaq<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 26, 2013 16:49<br>
<b>To:</b> core@ietf.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to multic=
ast requests?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Dear Esko and all,<br>
<br>
At iMinds we have some limited experience with multicast in wireless sensor=
 networks. We have used multicast CoAP requests in order to discover sensor=
s inside LLNs. At the networking layer of the LLN the multicast messages we=
re routed as broadcasts. We have
 conducted our tests using our testbed with real sensor nodes and have expe=
rimented with network sizes up to 50 nodes in different network topologies =
with hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.<br>
<br>
As expected, the use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be challenging.&nbsp=
; Even for small sensor networks (10 nodes or less), we had issues with bro=
adcast storms in the network. One reason for these storms was related to ro=
uting (a basic AODV implementation in
 our case). Once the sensor nodes got the multicast and wanted to reply the=
y all started asking for the route to the gateway at the same time, causing=
 the network to become unresponsive. In order to combat this broadcast stor=
ms we let the sensor gateway broadcast
 a route reply packet in the network. This caused all sensors to establish =
a route to the gateway and eliminated the need for them to start asking for=
 a route once they get the discovery request.
<br>
<br>
In our implementation the boarder router sending the broadcasts was also a =
constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it could not handle all the replies it g=
ot from the other sensors, because they arrived with small time gaps betwee=
n them. This led to the receive
 buffer on the boarder router to start dropping packets. To help solving th=
is issue we introduced random delays in the network &#8211; before respondi=
ng the CoAP requests (<span lang=3D"EN-GB">Leisure)</span> and before forwa=
rding broadcasts in the network.<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
By using these techniques we improved the delivery of the multicast and the=
 resulting unicast replies very much. Still since multicasts are delivered =
in a non-confirmable way, there was no way to tell that the multicast did a=
ctually get to all nodes. In our
 case this was ok and just meant that the sensors that did not get the mult=
icast the first time will get it the next time when a new periodic pull for=
 discovery was done.<br>
<br>
First results of this work have been published in the following paper:<br>
<a href=3D"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=3D&amp;arnumber=3D=
6296943&amp;isnumber=3D6296822">http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?=
tp=3D&amp;arnumber=3D6296943&amp;isnumber=3D6296822</a><br>
<br>
An extended version of this paper with more experimental results is current=
ly under review. At this moment, we are also exploring the use of an interm=
ediary to offer group communication functionality based on unicast (paper u=
nder review). We are also interested
 comparing this approach with a complete multicast solution for a LLN.<br>
<br>
Best Regards,<br>
Isam Ishaq<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
<br>
On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<blockquote style=3D"margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Dear all,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">one of the review comments to the GroupComm I-D conc=
erns the lack of (implementation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP=
 multicast, and the associated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D provide=
s guidelines in this area but not
 based on such experience.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows=
 someone, or a publication etc.)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">regards,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Esko<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ti=
mes New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<div class=3D"MsoNormal" align=3D"center" style=3D"text-align:center"><span=
 style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;se=
rif&quot;">
<hr size=3D"2" width=3D"100%" align=3D"center">
</span></div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;Ari=
al&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:gray">The information contained in th=
is message may be confidential and legally protected under applicable law. =
The message is intended solely for the addressee(s). If
 you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any use, =
forwarding, dissemination, or reproduction of this message is strictly proh=
ibited and may be unlawful. If you are not the intended recipient, please c=
ontact the sender by return e-mail
 and destroy all copies of the original message.<br>
</span><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&qu=
ot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><br>
<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>core mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href=3D"mailto:core@ietf.org">core@ietf.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre><a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core">https://www.iet=
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</blockquote>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ti=
mes New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><br>
<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre>-- <o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Isam Ishaq<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Department of Information Technology<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)<o:p></o:p></=
pre>
<pre>Ghent University - iMinds <o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>M: &#43;32 (0)484 856 155<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>T: &#43;32 (0)9 33 14946<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>T Secr: &#43;32 (0)9 33 14900<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>F: &#43;32 (0)9 33 14899<o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>E: <a href=3D"mailto:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be">isam.ishaq@intec.UGent=
.be</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
<pre>W : <a href=3D"http://www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be">www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be=
</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
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From esko.dijk@philips.com  Wed Mar 27 08:37:31 2013
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From: "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com>
To: Kerry Lynn <kerlyn@ieee.org>
Thread-Topic: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping
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[Kerry wrote:]
> I'm not clear on how the term "awareness" is applied, but it seems that s=
electing a forward
> proxy is typically a configuration setting on the client.  Perhaps config=
uration is a distinction
> that can be made between the forward and reverse proxy types?  "Awareness=
" may also
> indicate that a known cross-proxy sits between the client and the data; i=
n this case the client
> specifies the path to the proxy as well as the origin server?

Hi Kerry,

using configuration (in general) as the distinguishing factor has some issu=
es. I see now that coap-14 also uses this distinction in page 7 "Forward-Pr=
oxy" definition, so the issue is there as well.

For example, a client may be configured to access a proxy using HTTP syntax=
 for origin servers. Then the HTTP-to-CoAP proxy can not "see" from a reque=
st whether the client is configured to do this, or if the client just got a=
 URL from someone and the client isn't configured to do anything special, i=
t is just requesting the URL. So, the proxy can't detect whether it should =
be a forward proxy or a reverse proxy. So this collapses both definitions i=
nto one: the proxy is both at the same time!

Any distinction should rather be a clear technical difference in the proxy =
itself. (And this is how coap-14 "Reverse-Proxy" page 7 and httpbis-p1-mess=
aging currently define it.)
Thus the proposal in context of HTTP-CoAP mapping: if a proxy accepts HTTP =
requests in the HTTP syntax for origin servers (i.e. as an origin server), =
then we call it reverse proxy.
If a proxy accepts HTTP requests in the HTTP proxy syntax, then we call it =
forward proxy. (Described in section 10.2 of coap-14)
If it accepts both, then it is both a reverse and forward proxy combined in=
 one device.

regards,
Esko


From: kerlyn2001@gmail.com [mailto:kerlyn2001@gmail.com] On Behalf Of Kerry=
 Lynn
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2013 16:23
To: Dijk, Esko
Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping


On Wed, Mar 27, 2013 at 4:26 AM, Dijk, Esko <esko.dijk@philips.com<mailto:e=
sko.dijk@philips.com>> wrote:
Hi all,

In my view it would be best to base ourselves on the coap-14 definitions. T=
hese already mention that translations between protocols can be done, so th=
at should be ok for our HTTP-CoAP translation purpose. But I agree with Akb=
ar we still should have some text in draft-castellani-core-http-mapping tha=
t shows what the general definitions mean when applied to HTTP-to-CoAP requ=
est translation.

However, there was some discussion among the authors of draft-castellani-co=
re-http-mapping about one part of the coap-14 definition:
 "Unlike a forward-proxy, the client may not be aware that it is communicat=
ing with a reverse-proxy;"
This was considered too vague. The client's "awareness" is not something wh=
ere we can technically distinguish forward/reverse proxies. The second part=
 of the sentence is more useful:
 " a  reverse-proxy receives requests as if it was the origin server for th=
e target resource".
This is also what the longer definition in draft-castellani-core-http-mappi=
ng tries to say. And [I-D.ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging] also defines the disti=
nction in this manner. Floris, I hope this makes the distinction clear? In =
a next version we could refer to the coap-14 definitions and add some text =
that applies these in the specific HTTP-CoAP translation context.

So the authors value a clear technical distinction between forward and reve=
rse proxy without having to debate on "awareness" and whether the client ca=
n or will do URI structure interpretation.
I'm not clear on how the term "awareness" is applied, but it seems that sel=
ecting a forward
proxy is typically a configuration setting on the client.  Perhaps configur=
ation is a distinction
that can be made between the forward and reverse proxy types?  "Awareness" =
may also
indicate that a known cross-proxy sits between the client and the data; in =
this case the client
specifies the path to the proxy as well as the origin server?

-K-
regards,
Esko



-----Original Message-----
From: core-bounces@ietf.org<mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org> [mailto:core-boun=
ces@ietf.org<mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org>] On Behalf Of Rahman, Akbar
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 18:26
To: Carsten Bormann
Cc: core WG
Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping

Hi Carsten,


With respect to your comment:

        Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt doesn't really need=
 to define the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, but can reference the=
m         from the core coap spec.  "transparent"/intercepting proxies are =
not discussed in core-coap, though.


Yes, the definition for forward-proxy can be referenced to the coap-14 I-D.=
  However, the reverse-proxy definition in coap-14 does not explicitly disc=
uss HTTP-CoAP translation (which is the key point of this I-D and the reaso=
n that we thought it was worthwhile to explicitly define reverse-proxy in t=
his way in this I-D).  Do you agree with this logic?




Best Regards,


Akbar


-----Original Message-----
From: core-bounces@ietf.org<mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org> [mailto:core-boun=
ces@ietf.org<mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org>] On Behalf Of Carsten Bormann
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 11:12 AM
To: Floris Van den Abeele
Cc: core WG
Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping

On Mar 26, 2013, at 15:52, Floris Van den Abeele <floris.vandenabeele@intec=
.ugent.be<mailto:floris.vandenabeele@intec.ugent.be>> wrote:

> Can the authors (or someone else) give clear examples of forward and reve=
rse http/coap cross protocol proxies?

core-coap-14 defines:


   Forward-Proxy
      A "forward-proxy" is an endpoint selected by a client, usually via
      local configuration rules, to perform requests on behalf of the
      client, doing any necessary translations.  Some translations are
      minimal, such as for proxy requests for "coap" URIs, whereas other
      requests might require translation to and from entirely different
      application-layer protocols.

   Reverse-Proxy
      A "reverse-proxy" is an endpoint that stands in for one or more
      other server(s) and satisfies requests on behalf of these, doing
      any necessary translations.  Unlike a forward-proxy, the client
      may not be aware that it is communicating with a reverse-proxy; a
      reverse-proxy receives requests as if it was the origin server for
      the target resource.

... and goes on (5.7):

   In an overall architecture for a Constrained RESTful Environment,
   proxies can serve quite different purposes.  Proxies can be
   explicitly selected by clients, a role that we term "forward-proxy".
   Proxies can also be inserted to stand in for origin servers, a role
   that we term "reverse-proxy".  Orthogonal to this distinction, a
   proxy can map from a CoAP request to a CoAP request (CoAP-to-CoAP
   proxy) or translate from or to a different protocol ("cross-proxy").
   Full definitions of these terms are provided in Section 1.2.

   Notes:  The terminology in this specification has been selected to be
      culturally compatible with the terminology used in the wider Web
      application environments, without necessarily matching it in every
      detail (which may not even be relevant to Constrained RESTful
      Environments).  Not too much semantics should be ascribed to the
      components of the terms (such as "forward", "reverse", or
      "cross").

      HTTP proxies, besides acting as HTTP proxies, often offer a
      transport protocol proxying function ("CONNECT") to enable end-to-
      end transport layer security through the proxy.  No such function
      is defined for CoAP-to-CoAP proxies in this specification, as
      forwarding of UDP packets is unlikely to be of much value in
      Constrained RESTful environments.  See also Section 10.2.7 for the
      cross-proxy case.


So the point is that a client always knows when it is using a Forward-Proxy=
, i.e., it has explicitly chosen to talk to it as opposed to the origin ser=
ver.  We have the options Proxy-Uri and Proxy-Scheme that enable to express=
 this choice explicitly:

5.7.2.  Forward-Proxies

   CoAP distinguishes between requests made (as if) to an origin server
   and a request made through a forward-proxy.  CoAP requests to a
   forward-proxy are made as normal Confirmable or Non-confirmable
   requests to the forward-proxy endpoint, but specify the request URI
   in a different way: The request URI in a proxy request is specified
   as a string in the Proxy-Uri Option (see Section 5.10.2), while the
   request URI in a request to an origin server is split into the Uri-
   Host, Uri-Port, Uri-Path and Uri-Query Options (see Section 5.10.1);
   alternatively the URI in a proxy request can be assembled from a
   Proxy-Scheme option and the split options mentioned.

There is no way in a URI to specify the use of a forward-proxy.
Which forward-proxy is used is decided by the client based on local informa=
tion (which may include information gleaned from the URI, of course).  The =
URI continues to looks

For a reverse-proxy, the client might be thinking it is talking to the actu=
al origin server:
The URI directly points to the reverse-proxy, but instead of serving its re=
source directly, the reverse-proxy defers to an origin server (or another r=
everse proxy!).

5.7.3.  Reverse-Proxies

   Reverse-proxies do not make use of the Proxy-Uri or Proxy-Scheme
   options, but need to determine the destination (next hop) of a
   request from information in the request and information in their
   configuration.  E.g., a reverse-proxy might offer various resources
   the existence of which it has learned through resource discovery as
   if they were its own resources.  The reverse-proxy is free to build a
   namespace for the URIs that identify these resources.  A reverse-
   proxy may also build a namespace that gives the client more control
   over where the request goes, e.g. by embedding host identifiers and
   port numbers into the URI path of the resources offered.

draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt also alludes to the fact that the=
re may be "transparent" (intercepting) entities intervening on the path to =
the origin server and acting a bit like reverse-proxies, except that the ne=
twork provider has chosen to interpose them as opposed to the client.

Of course, all these types can be combined on a path to an origin server: A=
 client can use a forward-proxy to talk to a reverse-proxy, with any number=
 of additional reverse-proxies (and "transparent" (intercepting) proxies) o=
n the way to the origin server.

Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt doesn't really need to defi=
ne the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, but can reference them from t=
he core coap spec.  "transparent"/intercepting proxies are not discussed in=
 core-coap, though.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten

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<div class=3D"WordSection1">
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">[Kerry wrote:]<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&gt; I'm not clear on how the term &quot;awareness&q=
uot; is applied, but it seems that selecting a forward<br>
&gt; proxy is typically a configuration setting on the client.&nbsp; Perhap=
s configuration is a distinction<br>
&gt; that can be made between the forward and reverse proxy types?&nbsp; &q=
uot;Awareness&quot; may also<br>
&gt; indicate that a known cross-proxy sits between the client and the data=
; in this case the client<br>
&gt; specifies the path to the proxy as well as the origin server?<br>
<br>
<span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-=
serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Hi Kerry,<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">using configuration (in g=
eneral) as the distinguishing factor has some issues. I see now that coap-1=
4 also uses this distinction in page 7 &#8220;Forward-Proxy&#8221; definiti=
on,
 so the issue is there as well.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">For example, a client may=
 be configured to access a proxy using HTTP syntax for origin servers. Then=
 the HTTP-to-CoAP proxy can not &#8220;see&#8221; from a request whether
 the client is configured to do this, or if the client just got a URL from =
someone and the client isn&#8217;t configured to do anything special, it is=
 just requesting the URL. So, the proxy can&#8217;t detect whether it shoul=
d be a forward proxy or a reverse proxy. So
 this collapses both definitions into one: the proxy is both at the same ti=
me!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Any distinction should ra=
ther be a clear technical difference in the proxy itself. (And this is how =
coap-14 &#8220;Reverse-Proxy&#8221; page 7 and httpbis-p1-messaging
 currently define it.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Thus the proposal in cont=
ext of HTTP-CoAP mapping: if a proxy accepts HTTP requests in the HTTP synt=
ax for origin servers (i.e. as an origin server), then we
 call it reverse proxy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">If a proxy accepts HTTP r=
equests in the HTTP proxy syntax, then we call it forward proxy. (Described=
 in section 10.2 of coap-14)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">If it accepts both, then =
it is both a reverse and forward proxy combined in one device.<o:p></o:p></=
span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">regards,<o:p></o:p></span=
></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D">Esko<o:p></o:p></span></p=
>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Ca=
libri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot=
;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">From:</span></b><span style=3D"font-s=
ize:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"> kerlyn20=
01@gmail.com [mailto:kerlyn2001@gmail.com]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Kerry Lynn<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, March 27, 2013 16:23<br>
<b>To:</b> Dijk, Esko<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-m=
apping<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">On Wed, Mar 27, 2013 at 4:26 AM, Dijk, Esko &lt;<a h=
ref=3D"mailto:esko.dijk@philips.com" target=3D"_blank">esko.dijk@philips.co=
m</a>&gt; wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Hi all,<br>
<br>
In my view it would be best to base ourselves on the coap-14 definitions. T=
hese already mention that translations between protocols can be done, so th=
at should be ok for our HTTP-CoAP translation purpose. But I agree with Akb=
ar we still should have some text
 in draft-castellani-core-http-mapping that shows what the general definiti=
ons mean when applied to HTTP-to-CoAP request translation.<br>
<br>
However, there was some discussion among the authors of draft-castellani-co=
re-http-mapping about one part of the coap-14 definition:<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt">&nbsp;&quot;Unlike a =
forward-proxy, the client may not be aware that it is communicating with a =
reverse-proxy;&quot;<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">This was considered too vague. The client's &quot;aw=
areness&quot; is not something where we can technically distinguish forward=
/reverse proxies. The second part of the sentence is more useful:<o:p></o:p=
></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;&quot; a &nbsp;reverse-proxy receives requests=
 as if it was the origin server for the target resource&quot;.<o:p></o:p></=
p>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt">This is also what the=
 longer definition in draft-castellani-core-http-mapping tries to say. And =
[I-D.ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging] also defines the distinction in this manner=
. Floris, I hope this makes the distinction
 clear? In a next version we could refer to the coap-14 definitions and add=
 some text that applies these in the specific HTTP-CoAP translation context=
.<br>
<br>
So the authors value a clear technical distinction between forward and reve=
rse proxy without having to debate on &quot;awareness&quot; and whether the=
 client can or will do URI structure interpretation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt">I'm not clear on how =
the term &quot;awareness&quot; is applied, but it seems that selecting a fo=
rward<br>
proxy is typically a configuration setting on the client.&nbsp; Perhaps con=
figuration is a distinction<br>
that can be made between the forward and reverse proxy types?&nbsp; &quot;A=
wareness&quot; may also<br>
indicate that a known cross-proxy sits between the client and the data; in =
this case the client<br>
specifies the path to the proxy as well as the origin server?<br>
<br>
-K-<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<blockquote style=3D"border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0i=
n 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in">
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">regards,<br>
Esko<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:12.0pt"><br>
<br>
<br>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: <a href=3D"mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org">core-bounces@ietf.org</a> [m=
ailto:<a href=3D"mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org">core-bounces@ietf.org</a>] O=
n Behalf Of Rahman, Akbar<br>
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 18:26<br>
To: Carsten Bormann<br>
Cc: core WG<br>
Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping<=
br>
<br>
Hi Carsten,<br>
<br>
<br>
With respect to your comment:<br>
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt=
 doesn't really need to define the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, b=
ut can reference them &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; from the core coap spec. =
&nbsp;&quot;transparent&quot;/intercepting proxies are not discussed in cor=
e-coap, though.<br>
<br>
<br>
Yes, the definition for forward-proxy can be referenced to the coap-14 I-D.=
 &nbsp;However, the reverse-proxy definition in coap-14 does not explicitly=
 discuss HTTP-CoAP translation (which is the key point of this I-D and the =
reason that we thought it was worthwhile
 to explicitly define reverse-proxy in this way in this I-D). &nbsp;Do you =
agree with this logic?<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
Best Regards,<br>
<br>
<br>
Akbar<br>
<br>
<br>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: <a href=3D"mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org">core-bounces@ietf.org</a> [m=
ailto:<a href=3D"mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org">core-bounces@ietf.org</a>] O=
n Behalf Of Carsten Bormann<br>
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 11:12 AM<br>
To: Floris Van den Abeele<br>
Cc: core WG<br>
Subject: Re: [core] Call for reviews of draft-castellani-core-http-mapping<=
br>
<br>
On Mar 26, 2013, at 15:52, Floris Van den Abeele &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:flor=
is.vandenabeele@intec.ugent.be">floris.vandenabeele@intec.ugent.be</a>&gt; =
wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; Can the authors (or someone else) give clear examples of forward and r=
everse http/coap cross protocol proxies?<br>
<br>
core-coap-14 defines:<br>
<br>
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;Forward-Proxy<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A &quot;forward-proxy&quot; is an endpoint selected by=
 a client, usually via<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; local configuration rules, to perform requests on beha=
lf of the<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; client, doing any necessary translations. &nbsp;Some t=
ranslations are<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; minimal, such as for proxy requests for &quot;coap&quo=
t; URIs, whereas other<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; requests might require translation to and from entirel=
y different<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; application-layer protocols.<br>
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;Reverse-Proxy<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; A &quot;reverse-proxy&quot; is an endpoint that stands=
 in for one or more<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; other server(s) and satisfies requests on behalf of th=
ese, doing<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; any necessary translations. &nbsp;Unlike a forward-pro=
xy, the client<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; may not be aware that it is communicating with a rever=
se-proxy; a<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; reverse-proxy receives requests as if it was the origi=
n server for<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; the target resource.<br>
<br>
... and goes on (5.7):<br>
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;In an overall architecture for a Constrained RESTful Environme=
nt,<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;proxies can serve quite different purposes. &nbsp;Proxies can =
be<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;explicitly selected by clients, a role that we term &quot;forw=
ard-proxy&quot;.<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;Proxies can also be inserted to stand in for origin servers, a=
 role<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;that we term &quot;reverse-proxy&quot;. &nbsp;Orthogonal to th=
is distinction, a<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;proxy can map from a CoAP request to a CoAP request (CoAP-to-C=
oAP<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;proxy) or translate from or to a different protocol (&quot;cro=
ss-proxy&quot;).<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;Full definitions of these terms are provided in Section 1.2.<b=
r>
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;Notes: &nbsp;The terminology in this specification has been se=
lected to be<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; culturally compatible with the terminology used in the=
 wider Web<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; application environments, without necessarily matching=
 it in every<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; detail (which may not even be relevant to Constrained =
RESTful<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Environments). &nbsp;Not too much semantics should be =
ascribed to the<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; components of the terms (such as &quot;forward&quot;, =
&quot;reverse&quot;, or<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &quot;cross&quot;).<br>
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; HTTP proxies, besides acting as HTTP proxies, often of=
fer a<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; transport protocol proxying function (&quot;CONNECT&qu=
ot;) to enable end-to-<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; end transport layer security through the proxy. &nbsp;=
No such function<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; is defined for CoAP-to-CoAP proxies in this specificat=
ion, as<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; forwarding of UDP packets is unlikely to be of much va=
lue in<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Constrained RESTful environments. &nbsp;See also Secti=
on 10.2.7 for the<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; cross-proxy case.<br>
<br>
<br>
So the point is that a client always knows when it is using a Forward-Proxy=
, i.e., it has explicitly chosen to talk to it as opposed to the origin ser=
ver. &nbsp;We have the options Proxy-Uri and Proxy-Scheme that enable to ex=
press this choice explicitly:<br>
<br>
5.7.2. &nbsp;Forward-Proxies<br>
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;CoAP distinguishes between requests made (as if) to an origin =
server<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;and a request made through a forward-proxy. &nbsp;CoAP request=
s to a<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;forward-proxy are made as normal Confirmable or Non-confirmabl=
e<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;requests to the forward-proxy endpoint, but specify the reques=
t URI<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;in a different way: The request URI in a proxy request is spec=
ified<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;as a string in the Proxy-Uri Option (see Section 5.10.2), whil=
e the<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;request URI in a request to an origin server is split into the=
 Uri-<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;Host, Uri-Port, Uri-Path and Uri-Query Options (see Section 5.=
10.1);<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;alternatively the URI in a proxy request can be assembled from=
 a<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;Proxy-Scheme option and the split options mentioned.<br>
<br>
There is no way in a URI to specify the use of a forward-proxy.<br>
Which forward-proxy is used is decided by the client based on local informa=
tion (which may include information gleaned from the URI, of course). &nbsp=
;The URI continues to looks<br>
<br>
For a reverse-proxy, the client might be thinking it is talking to the actu=
al origin server:<br>
The URI directly points to the reverse-proxy, but instead of serving its re=
source directly, the reverse-proxy defers to an origin server (or another r=
everse proxy!).<br>
<br>
5.7.3. &nbsp;Reverse-Proxies<br>
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;Reverse-proxies do not make use of the Proxy-Uri or Proxy-Sche=
me<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;options, but need to determine the destination (next hop) of a=
<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;request from information in the request and information in the=
ir<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;configuration. &nbsp;E.g., a reverse-proxy might offer various=
 resources<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;the existence of which it has learned through resource discove=
ry as<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;if they were its own resources. &nbsp;The reverse-proxy is fre=
e to build a<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;namespace for the URIs that identify these resources. &nbsp;A =
reverse-<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;proxy may also build a namespace that gives the client more co=
ntrol<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;over where the request goes, e.g. by embedding host identifier=
s and<br>
&nbsp; &nbsp;port numbers into the URI path of the resources offered.<br>
<br>
draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt also alludes to the fact that the=
re may be &quot;transparent&quot; (intercepting) entities intervening on th=
e path to the origin server and acting a bit like reverse-proxies, except t=
hat the network provider has chosen to interpose
 them as opposed to the client.<br>
<br>
Of course, all these types can be combined on a path to an origin server: A=
 client can use a forward-proxy to talk to a reverse-proxy, with any number=
 of additional reverse-proxies (and &quot;transparent&quot; (intercepting) =
proxies) on the way to the origin server.<br>
<br>
Maybe draft-castellani-core-http-mapping-07.txt doesn't really need to defi=
ne the terms forward-proxy and reverse-proxy, but can reference them from t=
he core coap spec. &nbsp;&quot;transparent&quot;/intercepting proxies are n=
ot discussed in core-coap, though.<br>
<br>
Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
core mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:core@ietf.org">core@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core" target=3D"_blank">ht=
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_______________________________________________<br>
core mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:core@ietf.org">core@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core" target=3D"_blank">ht=
tps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core</a><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">________________________________<br>
The information contained in this message may be confidential and legally p=
rotected under applicable law. The message is intended solely for the addre=
ssee(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified tha=
t any use, forwarding, dissemination,
 or reproduction of this message is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful=
. If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender by retur=
n e-mail and destroy all copies of the original message.<o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
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<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><br>
_______________________________________________<br>
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<a href=3D"mailto:core@ietf.org">core@ietf.org</a><br>
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From Akbar.Rahman@InterDigital.com  Wed Mar 27 13:04:03 2013
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Thread-Topic: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses tomulticast	requests?
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From: "Rahman, Akbar" <Akbar.Rahman@InterDigital.com>
To: "Isam Ishaq" <isam.ishaq@intec.ugent.be>
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Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses tomulticast	requests?
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Hi Isam,

=20

=20

Yes, it was indeed a very nice paper and your extra points below are
also informative.  I just had one question.  The paper describes your
Multicast GET scenarios.  Did you ever send any other Multicast methods
(e.g. PUT)?  And if so, did you observe any additional interesting
behavior?

=20

=20

Best Regards,

=20

=20

Akbar

=20

=20

From: core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Dijk, Esko
Sent: Wednesday, March 27, 2013 10:04 AM
To: Isam Ishaq; core@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses tomulticast
requests?

=20

Thanks Isam,

=20

It's good to hear that the two measures (CoAP Leisure + random delay in
forwarding) solved the issue. CoAP server implementations SHOULD use the
Leisure, and the random forwarding delay is also applied in the
Multicast Protocol for Low-power lossy networks (MPL) of the RoLL
Working Group.=20

=20

I would be interested to hear about the extended paper as well, when it
is published.

=20

regards,

Esko

=20

From: core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Isam Ishaq
Sent: Tuesday, March 26, 2013 16:49
To: core@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to multicast
requests?

=20

Dear Esko and all,

At iMinds we have some limited experience with multicast in wireless
sensor networks. We have used multicast CoAP requests in order to
discover sensors inside LLNs. At the networking layer of the LLN the
multicast messages were routed as broadcasts. We have conducted our
tests using our testbed with real sensor nodes and have experimented
with network sizes up to 50 nodes in different network topologies with
hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.

As expected, the use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be challenging.
Even for small sensor networks (10 nodes or less), we had issues with
broadcast storms in the network. One reason for these storms was related
to routing (a basic AODV implementation in our case). Once the sensor
nodes got the multicast and wanted to reply they all started asking for
the route to the gateway at the same time, causing the network to become
unresponsive. In order to combat this broadcast storms we let the sensor
gateway broadcast a route reply packet in the network. This caused all
sensors to establish a route to the gateway and eliminated the need for
them to start asking for a route once they get the discovery request.=20

In our implementation the boarder router sending the broadcasts was also
a constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it could not handle all the replies
it got from the other sensors, because they arrived with small time gaps
between them. This led to the receive buffer on the boarder router to
start dropping packets. To help solving this issue we introduced random
delays in the network - before responding the CoAP requests (Leisure)
and before forwarding broadcasts in the network.


By using these techniques we improved the delivery of the multicast and
the resulting unicast replies very much. Still since multicasts are
delivered in a non-confirmable way, there was no way to tell that the
multicast did actually get to all nodes. In our case this was ok and
just meant that the sensors that did not get the multicast the first
time will get it the next time when a new periodic pull for discovery
was done.

First results of this work have been published in the following paper:
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=3D&arnumber=3D6296943&isnum=
ber
=3D6296822

An extended version of this paper with more experimental results is
currently under review. At this moment, we are also exploring the use of
an intermediary to offer group communication functionality based on
unicast (paper under review). We are also interested comparing this
approach with a complete multicast solution for a LLN.

Best Regards,
Isam Ishaq



On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko wrote:

	Dear all,

	=20

	one of the review comments to the GroupComm I-D concerns the
lack of (implementation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP
multicast, and the associated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D
provides guidelines in this area but not based on such experience.

	=20

	Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows someone, or
a publication etc.)

	=20

	regards,

	Esko

	=20

=09
________________________________


	The information contained in this message may be confidential
and legally protected under applicable law. The message is intended
solely for the addressee(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you
are hereby notified that any use, forwarding, dissemination, or
reproduction of this message is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful.
If you are not the intended recipient, please contact the sender by
return e-mail and destroy all copies of the original message.
=09
=09
=09

	_______________________________________________
	core mailing list
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	https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core





--=20
Isam Ishaq
Department of Information Technology
Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)
Ghent University - iMinds=20
Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium
M: +32 (0)484 856 155
T: +32 (0)9 33 14946
T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900
F: +32 (0)9 33 14899
E: isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be
W : www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be

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lang=3DEN-US link=3Dblue vlink=3Dpurple><div class=3DWordSection1><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'color:#1F497D'>Hi =
Isam,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'color:#1F497D'>Yes, it was indeed a =
very nice paper and your extra points below are also informative.&nbsp; =
I just had one question.&nbsp; The paper describes your Multicast GET =
scenarios.&nbsp; Did you ever send any other Multicast methods (e.g. =
PUT)?&nbsp; And if so, did you observe any additional interesting =
behavior?<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'color:#1F497D'>Best =
Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'>Akbar<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><div><div =
style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in =
0in 0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowt=
ext'>From:</span></b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowt=
ext'> core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] <b>On Behalf =
Of </b>Dijk, Esko<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, March 27, 2013 10:04 =
AM<br><b>To:</b> Isam Ishaq; core@ietf.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [core] =
Any experience in using CoAP responses tomulticast =
requests?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'>Thanks Isam,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'color:#1F497D'>It&#8217;s good to hear =
that the two measures (CoAP Leisure + random delay in forwarding) solved =
the issue. CoAP server implementations SHOULD use the Leisure, and the =
random forwarding delay is also applied in the Multicast Protocol for =
Low-power lossy networks (MPL) of the RoLL Working Group. =
<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'color:#1F497D'>I would be interested to =
hear about the extended paper as well, when it is =
published.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'>regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'>Esko<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><div><div =
style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in =
0in 0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowt=
ext'>From:</span></b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";color:windowt=
ext'> core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] <b>On Behalf =
Of </b>Isam Ishaq<br><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 26, 2013 =
16:49<br><b>To:</b> core@ietf.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [core] Any =
experience in using CoAP responses to multicast =
requests?<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p class=3DMsoNormal>Dear =
Esko and all,<br><br>At iMinds we have some limited experience with =
multicast in wireless sensor networks. We have used multicast CoAP =
requests in order to discover sensors inside LLNs. At the networking =
layer of the LLN the multicast messages were routed as broadcasts. We =
have conducted our tests using our testbed with real sensor nodes and =
have experimented with network sizes up to 50 nodes in different network =
topologies with hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.<br><br>As expected, the =
use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be challenging.&nbsp; Even for =
small sensor networks (10 nodes or less), we had issues with broadcast =
storms in the network. One reason for these storms was related to =
routing (a basic AODV implementation in our case). Once the sensor nodes =
got the multicast and wanted to reply they all started asking for the =
route to the gateway at the same time, causing the network to become =
unresponsive. In order to combat this broadcast storms we let the sensor =
gateway broadcast a route reply packet in the network. This caused all =
sensors to establish a route to the gateway and eliminated the need for =
them to start asking for a route once they get the discovery request. =
<br><br>In our implementation the boarder router sending the broadcasts =
was also a constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it could not handle all =
the replies it got from the other sensors, because they arrived with =
small time gaps between them. This led to the receive buffer on the =
boarder router to start dropping packets. To help solving this issue we =
introduced random delays in the network &#8211; before responding the =
CoAP requests (<span lang=3DEN-GB>Leisure)</span> and before forwarding =
broadcasts in the network.<o:p></o:p></p><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><br>By using these techniques we improved the delivery =
of the multicast and the resulting unicast replies very much. Still =
since multicasts are delivered in a non-confirmable way, there was no =
way to tell that the multicast did actually get to all nodes. In our =
case this was ok and just meant that the sensors that did not get the =
multicast the first time will get it the next time when a new periodic =
pull for discovery was done.<br><br>First results of this work have been =
published in the following paper:<br><a =
href=3D"http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=3D&amp;arnumber=3D6=
296943&amp;isnumber=3D6296822">http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp=
?tp=3D&amp;arnumber=3D6296943&amp;isnumber=3D6296822</a><br><br>An =
extended version of this paper with more experimental results is =
currently under review. At this moment, we are also exploring the use of =
an intermediary to offer group communication functionality based on =
unicast (paper under review). We are also interested comparing this =
approach with a complete multicast solution for a LLN.<br><br>Best =
Regards,<br>Isam Ishaq<o:p></o:p></p></div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><br><br>On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko =
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote =
style=3D'margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>Dear all,<o:p></o:p></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p><p class=3DMsoNormal>one of the =
review comments to the GroupComm I-D concerns the lack of =
(implementation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP multicast, =
and the associated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D provides =
guidelines in this area but not based on such =
experience.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=3DMsoNormal>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows =
someone, or a publication etc.)<o:p></o:p></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>regards,<o:p></o:p></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>Esko<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman","serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><div class=3DMsoNormal =
align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><hr =
size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter></span></div><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span =
style=3D'font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:gray'>The=
 information contained in this message may be confidential and legally =
protected under applicable law. The message is intended solely for the =
addressee(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby =
notified that any use, forwarding, dissemination, or reproduction of =
this message is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. If you are not =
the intended recipient, please contact the sender by return e-mail and =
destroy all copies of the original message.<br></span><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman","serif"'><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><pre>______________________=
_________________________<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>core mailing =
list<o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a =
href=3D"mailto:core@ietf.org">core@ietf.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre><pre><a =
href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core">https://www.ietf.org/=
mailman/listinfo/core</a><o:p></o:p></pre></blockquote><p =
class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New =
Roman","serif"'><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></p><pre>-- =
<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Isam Ishaq<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Department of =
Information Technology<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Internet Based Communication =
Networks and Services (IBCN)<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Ghent University - =
iMinds <o:p></o:p></pre><pre>Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 =
Gent, Belgium<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>M: +32 (0)484 856 =
155<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>T: +32 (0)9 33 14946<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>T =
Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>F: +32 (0)9 33 =
14899<o:p></o:p></pre><pre>E: <a =
href=3D"mailto:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be">isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be</a><o=
:p></o:p></pre><pre>W : <a =
href=3D"http://www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be">www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be</a><o:p><=
/o:p></pre></div></body></html>
------_=_NextPart_001_01CE2B26.35EF1F32--

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Date: Thu, 28 Mar 2013 09:59:42 +0100
From: Isam Ishaq <isam.ishaq@intec.ugent.be>
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Cc: core@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses tomulticast	requests?
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Hi Akbar,

We did not do any tests we other methods.
I do not expect that there will be a difference in the behavior as a 
result of changing the method alone.  What could cause different 
behaviors?

Best,
Isam


On Wednesday, March 27, 2013 9:03:51 PM, Rahman, Akbar wrote:
> Hi Isam,
>
> Yes, it was indeed a very nice paper and your extra points below are
> also informative.  I just had one question.  The paper describes your
> Multicast GET scenarios.  Did you ever send any other Multicast
> methods (e.g. PUT)?  And if so, did you observe any additional
> interesting behavior?
>
> Best Regards,
>
> Akbar
>
> *From:*core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] *On Behalf
> Of *Dijk, Esko
> *Sent:* Wednesday, March 27, 2013 10:04 AM
> *To:* Isam Ishaq; core@ietf.org
> *Subject:* Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses
> tomulticast requests?
>
> Thanks Isam,
>
> It’s good to hear that the two measures (CoAP Leisure + random delay
> in forwarding) solved the issue. CoAP server implementations SHOULD
> use the Leisure, and the random forwarding delay is also applied in
> the Multicast Protocol for Low-power lossy networks (MPL) of the RoLL
> Working Group.
>
> I would be interested to hear about the extended paper as well, when
> it is published.
>
> regards,
>
> Esko
>
> *From:*core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] *On Behalf
> Of *Isam Ishaq
> *Sent:* Tuesday, March 26, 2013 16:49
> *To:* core@ietf.org
> *Subject:* Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to
> multicast requests?
>
> Dear Esko and all,
>
> At iMinds we have some limited experience with multicast in wireless
> sensor networks. We have used multicast CoAP requests in order to
> discover sensors inside LLNs. At the networking layer of the LLN the
> multicast messages were routed as broadcasts. We have conducted our
> tests using our testbed with real sensor nodes and have experimented
> with network sizes up to 50 nodes in different network topologies with
> hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.
>
> As expected, the use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be
> challenging.  Even for small sensor networks (10 nodes or less), we
> had issues with broadcast storms in the network. One reason for these
> storms was related to routing (a basic AODV implementation in our
> case). Once the sensor nodes got the multicast and wanted to reply
> they all started asking for the route to the gateway at the same time,
> causing the network to become unresponsive. In order to combat this
> broadcast storms we let the sensor gateway broadcast a route reply
> packet in the network. This caused all sensors to establish a route to
> the gateway and eliminated the need for them to start asking for a
> route once they get the discovery request.
>
> In our implementation the boarder router sending the broadcasts was
> also a constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it could not handle all the
> replies it got from the other sensors, because they arrived with small
> time gaps between them. This led to the receive buffer on the boarder
> router to start dropping packets. To help solving this issue we
> introduced random delays in the network – before responding the CoAP
> requests (Leisure) and before forwarding broadcasts in the network.
>
>
> By using these techniques we improved the delivery of the multicast
> and the resulting unicast replies very much. Still since multicasts
> are delivered in a non-confirmable way, there was no way to tell that
> the multicast did actually get to all nodes. In our case this was ok
> and just meant that the sensors that did not get the multicast the
> first time will get it the next time when a new periodic pull for
> discovery was done.
>
> First results of this work have been published in the following paper:
> http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6296943&isnumber=6296822
>
> An extended version of this paper with more experimental results is
> currently under review. At this moment, we are also exploring the use
> of an intermediary to offer group communication functionality based on
> unicast (paper under review). We are also interested comparing this
> approach with a complete multicast solution for a LLN.
>
> Best Regards,
> Isam Ishaq
>
>
>
> On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko wrote:
>
>     Dear all,
>
>     one of the review comments to the GroupComm I-D concerns the lack
>     of (implementation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP
>     multicast, and the associated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D
>     provides guidelines in this area but not based on such experience.
>
>     Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows someone, or a
>     publication etc.)
>
>     regards,
>
>     Esko
>
>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>     The information contained in this message may be confidential and
>     legally protected under applicable law. The message is intended
>     solely for the addressee(s). If you are not the intended
>     recipient, you are hereby notified that any use, forwarding,
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>     prohibited and may be unlawful. If you are not the intended
>     recipient, please contact the sender by return e-mail and destroy
>     all copies of the original message.
>
>
>     _______________________________________________
>
>     core mailing list
>
>     core@ietf.org  <mailto:core@ietf.org>
>
>     https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core
>
>
>
> --
> Isam Ishaq
> Department of Information Technology
> Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)
> Ghent University - iMinds
> Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium
> M: +32 (0)484 856 155
> T: +32 (0)9 33 14946
> T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900
> F: +32 (0)9 33 14899
> E:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be  <mailto:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be>
> W :www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be  <http://www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be>



--
Isam Ishaq
Department of Information Technology
Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)
Ghent University - iMinds
Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium
M: +32 (0)484 856 155
T: +32 (0)9 33 14946
T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900
F: +32 (0)9 33 14899
E: isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be
W : www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be

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Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to multicast requests?
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Hello,

Is anybody aware of an MPL implementation that we can test?

Best,
Isam

On 27-Mar-13 3:04 PM, Dijk, Esko wrote:
>
> Thanks Isam,
>
> It's good to hear that the two measures (CoAP Leisure + random delay 
> in forwarding) solved the issue. CoAP server implementations SHOULD 
> use the Leisure, and the random forwarding delay is also applied in 
> the Multicast Protocol for Low-power lossy networks (MPL) of the RoLL 
> Working Group.
>
> I would be interested to hear about the extended paper as well, when 
> it is published.
>
> regards,
>
> Esko
>
> *From:*core-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org] *On Behalf 
> Of *Isam Ishaq
> *Sent:* Tuesday, March 26, 2013 16:49
> *To:* core@ietf.org
> *Subject:* Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses to 
> multicast requests?
>
> Dear Esko and all,
>
> At iMinds we have some limited experience with multicast in wireless 
> sensor networks. We have used multicast CoAP requests in order to 
> discover sensors inside LLNs. At the networking layer of the LLN the 
> multicast messages were routed as broadcasts. We have conducted our 
> tests using our testbed with real sensor nodes and have experimented 
> with network sizes up to 50 nodes in different network topologies with 
> hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.
>
> As expected, the use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be 
> challenging.  Even for small sensor networks (10 nodes or less), we 
> had issues with broadcast storms in the network. One reason for these 
> storms was related to routing (a basic AODV implementation in our 
> case). Once the sensor nodes got the multicast and wanted to reply 
> they all started asking for the route to the gateway at the same time, 
> causing the network to become unresponsive. In order to combat this 
> broadcast storms we let the sensor gateway broadcast a route reply 
> packet in the network. This caused all sensors to establish a route to 
> the gateway and eliminated the need for them to start asking for a 
> route once they get the discovery request.
>
> In our implementation the boarder router sending the broadcasts was 
> also a constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it could not handle all the 
> replies it got from the other sensors, because they arrived with small 
> time gaps between them. This led to the receive buffer on the boarder 
> router to start dropping packets. To help solving this issue we 
> introduced random delays in the network -- before responding the CoAP 
> requests (Leisure) and before forwarding broadcasts in the network.
>
>
> By using these techniques we improved the delivery of the multicast 
> and the resulting unicast replies very much. Still since multicasts 
> are delivered in a non-confirmable way, there was no way to tell that 
> the multicast did actually get to all nodes. In our case this was ok 
> and just meant that the sensors that did not get the multicast the 
> first time will get it the next time when a new periodic pull for 
> discovery was done.
>
> First results of this work have been published in the following paper:
> http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6296943&isnumber=6296822
>
> An extended version of this paper with more experimental results is 
> currently under review. At this moment, we are also exploring the use 
> of an intermediary to offer group communication functionality based on 
> unicast (paper under review). We are also interested comparing this 
> approach with a complete multicast solution for a LLN.
>
> Best Regards,
> Isam Ishaq
>
>
>
> On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko wrote:
>
>     Dear all,
>
>     one of the review comments to the GroupComm I-D concerns the lack
>     of (implementation or simulation) experience with use of CoAP
>     multicast, and the associated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D
>     provides guidelines in this area but not based on such experience.
>
>     Did anyone experiment with CoAP multicast? (Or knows someone, or a
>     publication etc.)
>
>     regards,
>
>     Esko
>
>     ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
>     The information contained in this message may be confidential and
>     legally protected under applicable law. The message is intended
>     solely for the addressee(s). If you are not the intended
>     recipient, you are hereby notified that any use, forwarding,
>     dissemination, or reproduction of this message is strictly
>     prohibited and may be unlawful. If you are not the intended
>     recipient, please contact the sender by return e-mail and destroy
>     all copies of the original message.
>
>
>
>     _______________________________________________
>
>     core mailing list
>
>     core@ietf.org  <mailto:core@ietf.org>
>
>     https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core
>
>
>
>
> -- 
> Isam Ishaq
> Department of Information Technology
> Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)
> Ghent University - iMinds
> Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium
> M: +32 (0)484 856 155
> T: +32 (0)9 33 14946
> T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900
> F: +32 (0)9 33 14899
> E:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be  <mailto:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be>
> W :www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be  <http://www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be>


-- 
Isam Ishaq
Department of Information Technology
Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)
Ghent University - iMinds
Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium
M: +32 (0)484 856 155
T: +32 (0)9 33 14946
T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900
F: +32 (0)9 33 14899
E: isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be
W : www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be


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    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Hello,<br>
      <br>
      Is anybody aware of an MPL implementation that we can test?<br>
      <br>
      Best,<br>
      Isam <br>
      <br>
      On 27-Mar-13 3:04 PM, Dijk, Esko wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:031DD135F9160444ABBE3B0C36CED618BF6B53@011-DB3MPN2-082.MGDPHG.emi.philips.com"
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      <div class="WordSection1">
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Thanks Isam,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">It&#8217;s good to
            hear that the two measures (CoAP Leisure + random delay in
            forwarding) solved the issue. CoAP server implementations
            SHOULD use the Leisure, and the random forwarding delay is
            also applied in the Multicast Protocol for Low-power lossy
            networks (MPL) of the RoLL Working Group.
            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">I would be
            interested to hear about the extended paper as well, when it
            is published.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Esko<o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
        <div>
          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
            1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:windowtext">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:windowtext">
                <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org">core-bounces@ietf.org</a> [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org">mailto:core-bounces@ietf.org</a>]
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Isam Ishaq<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 26, 2013 16:49<br>
                <b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:core@ietf.org">core@ietf.org</a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP
                responses to multicast requests?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
        <div>
          <p class="MsoNormal">Dear Esko and all,<br>
            <br>
            At iMinds we have some limited experience with multicast in
            wireless sensor networks. We have used multicast CoAP
            requests in order to discover sensors inside LLNs. At the
            networking layer of the LLN the multicast messages were
            routed as broadcasts. We have conducted our tests using our
            testbed with real sensor nodes and have experimented with
            network sizes up to 50 nodes in different network topologies
            with hop counts between 1 and 5 hops.<br>
            <br>
            As expected, the use of multicast/broadcasts proved to be
            challenging.&nbsp; Even for small sensor networks (10 nodes or
            less), we had issues with broadcast storms in the network.
            One reason for these storms was related to routing (a basic
            AODV implementation in our case). Once the sensor nodes got
            the multicast and wanted to reply they all started asking
            for the route to the gateway at the same time, causing the
            network to become unresponsive. In order to combat this
            broadcast storms we let the sensor gateway broadcast a route
            reply packet in the network. This caused all sensors to
            establish a route to the gateway and eliminated the need for
            them to start asking for a route once they get the discovery
            request.
            <br>
            <br>
            In our implementation the boarder router sending the
            broadcasts was also a constrained device (Tmote Sky). So it
            could not handle all the replies it got from the other
            sensors, because they arrived with small time gaps between
            them. This led to the receive buffer on the boarder router
            to start dropping packets. To help solving this issue we
            introduced random delays in the network &#8211; before responding
            the CoAP requests (<span lang="EN-GB">Leisure)</span> and
            before forwarding broadcasts in the network.<o:p></o:p></p>
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
              By using these techniques we improved the delivery of the
              multicast and the resulting unicast replies very much.
              Still since multicasts are delivered in a non-confirmable
              way, there was no way to tell that the multicast did
              actually get to all nodes. In our case this was ok and
              just meant that the sensors that did not get the multicast
              the first time will get it the next time when a new
              periodic pull for discovery was done.<br>
              <br>
              First results of this work have been published in the
              following paper:<br>
              <a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&amp;arnumber=6296943&amp;isnumber=6296822">http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&amp;arnumber=6296943&amp;isnumber=6296822</a><br>
              <br>
              An extended version of this paper with more experimental
              results is currently under review. At this moment, we are
              also exploring the use of an intermediary to offer group
              communication functionality based on unicast (paper under
              review). We are also interested comparing this approach
              with a complete multicast solution for a LLN.<br>
              <br>
              Best Regards,<br>
              Isam Ishaq<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><br>
            <br>
            On 25-Mar-13 10:16 AM, Dijk, Esko wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
        </div>
        <blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
          <div>
            <p class="MsoNormal">Dear all,<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal">one of the review comments to the
              GroupComm I-D concerns the lack of (implementation or
              simulation) experience with use of CoAP multicast, and the
              associated multitude of CoAP responses. The I-D provides
              guidelines in this area but not based on such experience.<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal">Did anyone experiment with CoAP
              multicast? (Or knows someone, or a publication etc.)<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal">regards,<o:p></o:p></p>
            <p class="MsoNormal">Esko<o:p></o:p></p>
          </div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
              Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
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            align="center"><span
              style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
              Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">
              <hr size="2" width="100%" align="center">
            </span></div>
          <p class="MsoNormal"><span
style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:gray">The
              information contained in this message may be confidential
              and legally protected under applicable law. The message is
              intended solely for the addressee(s). If you are not the
              intended recipient, you are hereby notified that any use,
              forwarding, dissemination, or reproduction of this message
              is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. If you are not
              the intended recipient, please contact the sender by
              return e-mail and destroy all copies of the original
              message.<br>
            </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times
              New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><br>
              <br>
              <br>
              <o:p></o:p></span></p>
          <pre>_______________________________________________<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre>core mailing list<o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:core@ietf.org">core@ietf.org</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
          <pre><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/core</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
        </blockquote>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span
            style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New
            Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><br>
            <br>
            <br>
            <o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <pre>-- <o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>Isam Ishaq<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>Department of Information Technology<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>Ghent University - iMinds <o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>M: +32 (0)484 856 155<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>T: +32 (0)9 33 14946<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>F: +32 (0)9 33 14899<o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>E: <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="mailto:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be">isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
        <pre>W : <a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be">www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be</a><o:p></o:p></pre>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
Isam Ishaq
Department of Information Technology
Internet Based Communication Networks and Services (IBCN)
Ghent University - iMinds 
Gaston Crommenlaan 8 (Bus 201), B-9050 Gent, Belgium
M: +32 (0)484 856 155
T: +32 (0)9 33 14946
T Secr: +32 (0)9 33 14900
F: +32 (0)9 33 14899
E: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be">isam.ishaq@intec.UGent.be</a>
W : <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="http://www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be">www.ibcn.intec.UGent.be</a></pre>
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draft-ietf-core-coap has completed IETF last call yesterday.

The next step (after AD go-ahead) is the IESG decision process.

Most IESG members will now take a position on the draft (YES,
NO OBJECTION, DISCUSS, ABSTAIN), and many will supply COMMENTS (which
are usually taken quite seriously, hence in upper case).  DISCUSS
positions essentially stop the process.  Clearing them up, and
addressing COMMENTS, often leads to editorial or even technical
changes to the draft before it is accepted by the IESG.  If you want
to see this in action, have a look at the evolution of
draft-ietf-core-link-format-11 (which was IETF last-called) to -14
(which was the input to the RFC editor).  To wit:
=
http://tools.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-core-link-format-14.txt&ur=
l1=3Ddraft-ietf-core-link-format-11.txt
You will see many editorial changes, but you also will see that
numerous fixes were applied to the formal descriptions, and even a
technical change ("uri" to "href").

The IESG decision process is meant to take place between the Document
Shepherd (Andrew McGregor in this case), the WG chairs, the document
authors, and the IESG; often orchestrated by the sponsoring AD (Barry
Leiba in this case).

In the past, the process has often been mostly intransparent to the
WG, unless one of the actors decided to make information available to
the WG.  With the datatracker, WG members can now gain some more
insight, but they have to actively look for it.

For this draft, Barry Leiba has decided to run an experiment:

    The discussion around the IESG decision process will be directly
    copied to the WG.

This has the invaluable advantage that the entire expertise of the WG
is available for evaluating the comments and changes that are being
pondered.  So the chairs and the authors welcome this experiment and
hope we can apply it to all future documents this WG completes.

It also has a potential downside.  The IESG decision process is
characterized by the heavy workload of the IESG members participating
in it.  Focusing the number of people directly interacting with them
in such a process helps with that workload.

    So I would ask the WG to prefer using the Document Shepherd
    (and the Sponsoring AD) as the main channels into the IESG.
    (Of course, if that doesn't work, you are always free to
    escalate. But it should be worth an escalation.)

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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From: "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com>
To: "matthieu.vial@non.schneider-electric.com" <matthieu.vial@non.schneider-electric.com>
Thread-Topic: Battery lifetime optimization idea for Mirror Server
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Hello  Matthieu,

I considered an optimization for the Mirror Server (http://tools.ietf.org/h=
tml/draft-vial-core-mirror-server-00) that could extend the battery lifetim=
e of Sleepy Endpoints (SEPs) significantly. The idea  applies to SEPs that =
have writeable resources registered into a Mirror Server (MS). Based on Sec=
tion 4.8 (Modification Check) a SEP needs to periodically check if one of i=
ts resources has been changed on the Mirror Server. This requires an extra =
CoAP request in addition to the sensor value updates the SEP is periodicall=
y sending to the Mirror Server, e.g. like PUT /ms/0/sen/temp "22". In a typ=
ical use case as I see it, the SEP performs this PUT every time it wakes up=
 and also GETs to do the modification check in the same awake-interval. Two=
 requests, two responses.

The idea is to make this into only one request + one response in the follow=
ing way: the SEP sends a PUT request to update e.g. its temperature value; =
and then the Mirror Server responds with 2.04 Changed and only in case one =
of the SEP resources has been modified on the Mirror Server, it attaches a =
special short payload to the response that indicates "one or more of your r=
esources have been changed". It could be a single character "M" for example=
. This is a trigger for the SEP to do the modification check of section 4.8=
.
Because in >99% of the times no changes have been made to the SEP resources=
 on the MS, the average message load drops to one request + one response pe=
r awake-interval.

The alternative here is to define a new Option that is attached to the 2.04=
 response message; that seems a neater way to do it. This Option doesn't ne=
ed to be recognized by anyone except the SEPs and Mirror Servers that adher=
e to this specification so I don't see any bad side-effects to CoAP by defi=
ning such Option in a spec separate from core-coap.

So perhaps we can include a feature like this in MS, to meet the home/indus=
try demands for long battery life for sensor-type devices.

regards,

Esko


________________________________
The information contained in this message may be confidential and legally p=
rotected under applicable law. The message is intended solely for the addre=
ssee(s). If you are not the intended recipient, you are hereby notified tha=
t any use, forwarding, dissemination, or reproduction of this message is st=
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<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Hello&nbsp; Matthieu,</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">I considered an optimization for the Mirror Server (=
<a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vial-core-mirror-server-00">htt=
p://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-vial-core-mirror-server-00</a>) that could ex=
tend the battery lifetime of Sleepy
 Endpoints (SEPs) significantly. The idea &nbsp;applies to SEPs that have w=
riteable resources registered into a Mirror Server (MS). Based on Section 4=
.8 (Modification Check) a SEP needs to periodically check if one of its res=
ources has been changed on the Mirror
 Server. This requires an extra CoAP request in addition to the sensor valu=
e updates the SEP is periodically sending to the Mirror Server, e.g. like P=
UT /ms/0/sen/temp &quot;22&quot;. In a typical use case as I see it, the SE=
P performs this PUT every time it wakes up
 and also GETs to do the modification check in the same awake-interval. Two=
 requests, two responses.</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">The idea is to make this into only one request &#43;=
 one response in the following way: the SEP sends a PUT request to update e=
.g. its temperature value; and then the Mirror Server responds with 2.04 Ch=
anged and only in case one of the SEP
 resources has been modified on the Mirror Server, it attaches a special sh=
ort payload to the response that indicates &#8220;one or more of your resou=
rces have been changed&#8221;. It could be a single character &#8220;M&#822=
1; for example. This is a trigger for the SEP to do the
 modification check of section 4.8. </p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Because in &gt;99% of the times no changes have been=
 made to the SEP resources on the MS, the average message load drops to one=
 request &#43; one response per awake-interval.</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">The alternative here is to define a new Option that =
is attached to the 2.04 response message; that seems a neater way to do it.=
 This Option doesn&#8217;t need to be recognized by anyone except the SEPs =
and Mirror Servers that adhere to this specification
 so I don&#8217;t see any bad side-effects to CoAP by defining such Option =
in a spec separate from core-coap.</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">So perhaps we can include a feature like this in MS,=
 to meet the home/industry demands for long battery life for sensor-type de=
vices.</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">regards,</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Esko</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
</div>
<br>
<hr>
<font face=3D"Arial" color=3D"Gray" size=3D"1">The information contained in=
 this message may be confidential and legally protected under applicable la=
w. The message is intended solely for the addressee(s). If you are not the =
intended recipient, you are hereby notified
 that any use, forwarding, dissemination, or reproduction of this message i=
s strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. If you are not the intended reci=
pient, please contact the sender by return e-mail and destroy all copies of=
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</font>
</body>
</html>

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From cabo@tzi.org  Fri Mar 29 03:15:29 2013
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Subject: Re: [core] Battery lifetime optimization idea for Mirror Server
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Maybe this should be discussed in the context of bundling and batching.

There would be no problem defining a new media-type that is essentially =
a list of resources that might require attention.  Since servers are =
free to send back a PUT response of their liking, returning this media =
type could be made into a convention for MS.
(You might even misuse the link-format syntax for this.)

While I have the attention of everybody interested in sleepy nodes:

LWIG has a new version out of the terminology draft, with some =
power-related terminology.
We are likely to reference this in our specifications, so please do have =
a look.

Htmlized:       =20
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-terminology-02
Diff from previous version:           =20
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-lwig-terminology-02

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten

PS.: Oh, and calling them SEPs is part of a contest for how many =
different unrelated meanings we can ascribe to this TLA? Like we do for =
MAC? :-)



From esko.dijk@philips.com  Fri Mar 29 03:50:28 2013
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From: "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com>
To: Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>
Thread-Topic: [core] Battery lifetime optimization idea for Mirror Server
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Subject: Re: [core] Battery lifetime optimization idea for Mirror Server
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Thanks for reminding ;)

Exercising the LWIG terminology: Mirror Server clearly targets class S0 (Al=
ways-off) devices and clearly not S2 (Always-on).
What about class S1? I assume that class S1 "some form of network  attachme=
nt" means that the device is still reachable for CoAP requests. (e.g. becau=
se nearby routers buffer IP packets for the sleepy device. An example for t=
his is the "fast poll state" of ZigBee-IP; every 500 ms or sooner a node th=
en wakes up to poll for packets at its parent router. Spec is now public at=
 http://www.zigbee.org/Specifications/ZigBeeIP/Download.aspx ).

 So only class S0 is targeted by Mirror Server if I'm correct.

Esko

-----Original Message-----
From: Carsten Bormann [mailto:cabo@tzi.org]
Sent: Friday, March 29, 2013 11:15
To: Dijk, Esko
Cc: matthieu.vial@non.schneider-electric.com; core (core@ietf.org)
Subject: Re: [core] Battery lifetime optimization idea for Mirror Server

Maybe this should be discussed in the context of bundling and batching.

There would be no problem defining a new media-type that is essentially a l=
ist of resources that might require attention.  Since servers are free to s=
end back a PUT response of their liking, returning this media type could be=
 made into a convention for MS.
(You might even misuse the link-format syntax for this.)

While I have the attention of everybody interested in sleepy nodes:

LWIG has a new version out of the terminology draft, with some power-relate=
d terminology.
We are likely to reference this in our specifications, so please do have a =
look.

Htmlized:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-lwig-terminology-02
Diff from previous version:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-lwig-terminology-02

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten

PS.: Oh, and calling them SEPs is part of a contest for how many different =
unrelated meanings we can ascribe to this TLA? Like we do for MAC? :-)



________________________________
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On Mar 29, 2013, at 11:50, "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com> wrote:

> So only class S0 is targeted by Mirror Server if I'm correct.

Being able to say sentences like these in a concise way is exactly why =
the terminology draft is so useful...

Yes, that is my understanding of the Mirror Server concept as well.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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Hi Carsten and Esko,

>Since servers are free to send back a PUT response of their liking,
returning this media type could be made into a convention for MS.

It seems a bit strange to send back a payload that is unrelated with the
target resource but I admit that it is efficient.

Matthieu
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<p><tt><font size="2">Hi Carsten and Esko,</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font size="2">&gt;Since servers are free to send back a PUT response of their liking, returning this media type could be made into a convention for MS.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<tt><font size="2">It seems a bit strange to send back a payload that is unrelated with the target resource but I admit that it is efficient.</font></tt><br>
<br>
<font size="2" face="sans-serif">Matthieu</font></body></html>
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> So only class S0 is targeted by Mirror Server if I'm correct.

Yes, but the idea is that a S0 is a kind of S1 when it is not off.
Mirror Server is used in addition to optimized link-layer techniques. It
doesn't aim at being a replacement.

Matthieu
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<p><tt><font size="2">&gt; So only class S0 is targeted by Mirror Server if I'm correct.<br>
</font></tt><br>
<font size="2" face="sans-serif">Yes, but the idea is that a S0 is a kind of S1 when it is not off.</font><br>
<font size="2" face="sans-serif">Mirror Server is used in addition to optimized link-layer techniques. It doesn't aim at being a replacement.</font><br>
<br>
<font size="2" face="sans-serif">Matthieu</font><br>
</body></html>
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From: "Dijk, Esko" <esko.dijk@philips.com>
To: "matthieu.vial@non.schneider-electric.com" <matthieu.vial@non.schneider-electric.com>, Carsten Bormann <cabo@tzi.org>
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In my understanding being a S0 device means that once you wake up, you can =
still remain awake for arbitrary periods, even in an always-on mode (i.e. w=
ithout doing any RF duty cycling, using a regular 802.15.4 link layer witho=
ut optimized techniques, etc.).  So indeed it then behaves as a S1 device o=
r a S2 device would normally do all the time.

Esko

From: matthieu.vial@non.schneider-electric.com [mailto:matthieu.vial@non.sc=
hneider-electric.com]
Sent: Friday, March 29, 2013 13:29
To: Carsten Bormann
Cc: core (core@ietf.org); Dijk, Esko
Subject: Re: [core] Battery lifetime optimization idea for Mirror Server


> So only class S0 is targeted by Mirror Server if I'm correct.

Yes, but the idea is that a S0 is a kind of S1 when it is not off.
Mirror Server is used in addition to optimized link-layer techniques. It do=
esn't aim at being a replacement.

Matthieu

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	font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"}
tt
	{font-family:"Courier New"}
span.EmailStyle19
	{font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
	color:#1F497D}
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	{font-size:10.0pt}
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	{margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in}
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</head>
<body lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple">
<div class=3D"WordSection1">
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt; font-family:&quot;C=
alibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; color:#1F497D">In my understanding bei=
ng a S0 device means that once you wake up, you can still remain awake for =
arbitrary periods, even in an always-on mode (i.e. without
 doing any RF duty cycling, using a regular 802.15.4 link layer without opt=
imized techniques, etc.).&nbsp; So indeed it then behaves as a S1 device or=
 a S2 device would normally do all the time.</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt; font-family:&quot;C=
alibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt; font-family:&quot;C=
alibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; color:#1F497D">Esko</span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt; font-family:&quot;C=
alibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;; color:#1F497D">&nbsp;</span></p>
<div>
<div style=3D"border:none; border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt; padding:3.0pt 0i=
n 0in 0in">
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-family:&quo=
t;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;">From:</span></b><span style=3D"font-=
size:10.0pt; font-family:&quot;Tahoma&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;"> matthi=
eu.vial@non.schneider-electric.com [mailto:matthieu.vial@non.schneider-elec=
tric.com]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, March 29, 2013 13:29<br>
<b>To:</b> Carsten Bormann<br>
<b>Cc:</b> core (core@ietf.org); Dijk, Esko<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [core] Battery lifetime optimization idea for Mirror Se=
rver</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">&nbsp;</p>
<p><tt><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt">&gt; So only class S0 is targeted b=
y Mirror Server if I'm correct.</span></tt><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;=
 font-family:&quot;Courier New&quot;"><br>
</span><br>
<span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-s=
erif&quot;">Yes, but the idea is that a S0 is a kind of S1 when it is not o=
ff.</span><br>
<span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-s=
erif&quot;">Mirror Server is used in addition to optimized link-layer techn=
iques. It doesn't aim at being a replacement.</span><br>
<br>
<span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt; font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-s=
erif&quot;">Matthieu</span></p>
</div>
<br>
<hr>
<font face=3D"Arial" color=3D"Gray" size=3D"1">The information contained in=
 this message may be confidential and legally protected under applicable la=
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pient, please contact the sender by return e-mail and destroy all copies of=
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</html>

--_000_031DD135F9160444ABBE3B0C36CED618BFB370011DB3MPN2082MGDP_--

From cabo@tzi.org  Fri Mar 29 06:22:16 2013
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Cc: roll@ietf.org, "ipv6@ietf.org List" <ipv6@ietf.org>, "core \(core@ietf.org\)" <core@ietf.org>
Subject: [core] GHC now crunches DTLS (Re: [Roll] [6lowpan] draft-bormann-ghc)
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On Aug 25, 2012, at 13:41, peter van der Stok <stokcons@xs4all.nl> =
wrote:

> GHC applied to DTLS encrypted messages is interesting indeed. It may =
represent an important number of messages to transmit.
> I would concentrate on getting the GHC on DTLS results known and then =
start pushing ghc draft.

It took a while, but is now done:  GHC-06 is ready for consumption.

Htmlized:       =20
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-bormann-6lowpan-ghc-06
Diff:           =20
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-bormann-6lowpan-ghc-06

It turns out my gut feeling about how to design this was just about =
right, so with all the research done, the only technical change from the =
previous version is the addition of a 16-byte static dictionary.  This =
should result in about a 3-line change in an implementation (and 16 =
bytes of increased temporary buffer size).  The specification no longer =
fits on a single page because that includes a note about the reserved =
code points.

I also have removed the speculative parts of GHC-05 -- there was little =
interest in the added complexity.  There is a little bit of innovative =
formatting because I'm using XML2RFCv2 now; there should be fixes for =
this soon.

The examples have been expanded to show the compression of DTLS =
handshake and application data messages; if you subtract the actual =
payload (cleartext and authenticator), the total DTLS overhead is around =
8 bytes for application data (so, including the =
TLS_PSK_WITH_AES_128_CCM_8 authenticator, a DTLS message is 16 bytes =
longer than an uncompressed NoSec one). The examples section also shows =
the very slight overall improvement to the compression (including a =
regression, where the example ND advertisement now needs a byte more).

I'm pretty sure now that we have reached the point of diminishing =
returns.
If we still had an active WG, I'd go for WG adoption and a WGLC soon.
We'll see how to handle this in the shutdown phase of the 6lowpan WG.
In the meantime, please do send in your comments (preferably to the =
6LoWPAN list).

I'm CCing 6man because part of the proposal is a new ND (ICMPv6) option =
for node capability indication.
Specific comments on that probably best go to the 6man mailing list.

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


From cabo@tzi.org  Fri Mar 29 14:25:15 2013
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Subject: Re: [core] GHC now crunches DTLS (Re: [Roll] [6lowpan] draft-bormann-ghc)
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On Mar 29, 2013, at 22:11, Mark Smith <markzzzsmith@yahoo.com.au> wrote:

> RFC5175, "IPv6 Router Advertisement Flags Option"

EFO was inspiration for 6CIO, but is different from 6CIO in that it is =
about flags promulgated by a router (and therefore can only be used in =
an RA).
6CIO is about the capabilities of the node sending that option.
That's why they are not the same thing.

6CIO is indeed meant to be general enough to carry other node =
capabilities that are relevant to a node-node situation.  ROHC-over-802 =
could have used it.  That's why I'm proposing creating an IANA registry. =
to make the other 47 bits available for other uses.

I'm completely neutral to whether GHC's compression scheme and 6CIO =
should be done in a combined draft or separate drafts.  In the latter =
case, stealing more text from 5175 is an obvious thing to do.

Is there anything that could/should be generalized about 6CIO?
(Without making it more complex, please.)

Gr=FC=DFe, Carsten


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Thread-Topic: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses tomulticast	requests?
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Subject: Re: [core] Any experience in using CoAP responses tomulticast	requests?
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Subject: [core] I-D Action: draft-ietf-core-block-11.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Constrained RESTful Environments Working =
Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Blockwise transfers in CoAP
	Author(s)       : Carsten Bormann
                          Zach Shelby
	Filename        : draft-ietf-core-block-11.txt
	Pages           : 29
	Date            : 2013-03-30

Abstract:
   CoAP is a RESTful transfer protocol for constrained nodes and
   networks.  Basic CoAP messages work well for the small payloads we
   expect from temperature sensors, light switches, and similar
   building-automation devices.  Occasionally, however, applications
   will need to transfer larger payloads -\u002D for instance, for
   firmware updates.  With HTTP, TCP does the grunt work of slicing
   large payloads up into multiple packets and ensuring that they all
   arrive and are handled in the right order.

   CoAP is based on datagram transports such as UDP or DTLS, which
   limits the maximum size of resource representations that can be
   transferred without too much fragmentation.  Although UDP supports
   larger payloads through IP fragmentation, it is limited to 64 KiB
   and, more importantly, doesn't really work well for constrained
   applications and networks.

   Instead of relying on IP fragmentation, this specification extends
   basic CoAP with a pair of "Block" options, for transferring multiple
   blocks of information from a resource representation in multiple
   request-response pairs.  In many important cases, the Block options
   enable a server to be truly stateless: the server can handle each
   block transfer separately, with no need for a connection setup or
   other server-side memory of previous block transfers.

   In summary, the Block options provide a minimal way to transfer
   larger representations in a block-wise fashion.

   The present revision -11 fixes one example and adds the text and
   examples about the Block/Observe interaction, taken from -observe.
   It also adds a couple of formatting bugs from the new xml2rfc.  The
   "grand rewrite" is next.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-core-block

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-core-block-11

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-core-block-11


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/


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Subject: Re: [core] #245: Compression vs. Block
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#245: Compression vs. Block

Changes (by cabo@tzi.org):

 * status:  assigned => closed
 * resolution:   => fixed


Comment:

 Fixed in [1265]:

 Fix #203
 Fix #206
 Fix #209
 Fix #210
 Fix #245

-- 
-----------------------------+---------------------------
 Reporter:  cabo@tzi.org     |       Owner:  cabo@tzi.org
     Type:  other technical  |      Status:  closed
 Priority:  minor            |   Milestone:  post-WGLC-1
Component:  block            |     Version:  block-08
 Severity:  In WG Last Call  |  Resolution:  fixed
 Keywords:                   |
-----------------------------+---------------------------

Ticket URL: </ticket/245#comment:2>
core <http://tools.ietf.org/core/>


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Subject: Re: [core] #206: Clarify that atomic Block1 transfers match per token *and* endpoint
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#206: Clarify that atomic Block1 transfers match per token *and* endpoint

Changes (by cabo@tzi.org):

 * status:  new => closed
 * resolution:   => fixed


Comment:

 Fixed in [1265]:

 Fix #203
 Fix #206
 Fix #209
 Fix #210
 Fix #245

-- 
-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------
 Reporter:               |       Owner:  draft-ietf-core-
  cabo@tzi.org           |  block@tools.ietf.org
     Type:  editorial    |      Status:  closed
 Priority:  major        |   Milestone:  post-WGLC-1
Component:  block        |     Version:  block-08
 Severity:  In WG Last   |  Resolution:  fixed
  Call                   |
 Keywords:               |
-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------

Ticket URL: </ticket/206#comment:3>
core <http://tools.ietf.org/core/>


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#210: Disentangle Block and Token

Changes (by cabo@tzi.org):

 * status:  assigned => closed
 * resolution:   => fixed


Comment:

 Fixed in [1265]:

 Fix #203
 Fix #206
 Fix #209
 Fix #210
 Fix #245

-- 
-----------------------------+---------------------------
 Reporter:  cabo@tzi.org     |       Owner:  cabo@tzi.org
     Type:  editorial        |      Status:  closed
 Priority:  major            |   Milestone:  post-WGLC-1
Component:  block            |     Version:  block-08
 Severity:  In WG Last Call  |  Resolution:  fixed
 Keywords:                   |
-----------------------------+---------------------------

Ticket URL: </ticket/210#comment:3>
core <http://tools.ietf.org/core/>


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Subject: Re: [core] #203: Restrict the potential combinations of Block1 and Block2
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#203: Restrict the potential combinations of Block1 and Block2

Changes (by cabo@tzi.org):

 * status:  new => closed
 * resolution:   => fixed


Comment:

 Fixed in [1265]:

 Fix #203
 Fix #206
 Fix #209
 Fix #210
 Fix #245

-- 
-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------
 Reporter:               |       Owner:  draft-ietf-core-
  cabo@tzi.org           |  block@tools.ietf.org
     Type:  protocol     |      Status:  closed
  defect                 |   Milestone:
 Priority:  major        |     Version:
Component:  block        |  Resolution:  fixed
 Severity:  In WG Last   |
  Call                   |
 Keywords:               |
-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------

Ticket URL: </ticket/203#comment:1>
core <http://tools.ietf.org/core/>


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#209: Add potential attacks to security considerations

Changes (by cabo@tzi.org):

 * status:  new => closed
 * resolution:   => fixed


Comment:

 Fixed in [1265]:

 Fix #203
 Fix #206
 Fix #209
 Fix #210
 Fix #245

-- 
-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------
 Reporter:               |       Owner:  draft-ietf-core-
  cabo@tzi.org           |  block@tools.ietf.org
     Type:  editorial    |      Status:  closed
 Priority:  minor        |   Milestone:  post-WGLC-1
Component:  block        |     Version:  block-08
 Severity:  In WG Last   |  Resolution:  fixed
  Call                   |
 Keywords:               |
-------------------------+-------------------------------------------------

Ticket URL: </ticket/209#comment:2>
core <http://tools.ietf.org/core/>


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Subject: [core] tsv-dir review of draft-ietf-core-coap-14
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I've reviewed this document as part of the transport area
directorate's ongoing effort to review key IETF documents. These
comments were written primarily for the transport area directors, but
are copied to the document's authors for their information and to
allow them to address any issues raised. When done at the time of IETF
Last Call, the authors should consider this review together with any
other last-call comments they receive. Please always CC
tsv-dir@ietf.org if you reply to or forward this review.


This draft is on the right track but has open issues, described in the
review.


Review - good news:

I have reviewed few selected aspects in draft-ietf-core-coap-09
(http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/core/current/msg03280.html). I
confirm that those past concerns are sufficiently addressed by this
document.


Review - not so good news:

* General: In a nutshell, this document proposes a rather lightwight
  protocol that provides a subset of TCP/HTTP transport. In order to
  reduce message sizes and implementation complexity, the protocol
  sacrifies many TCP/HTTP features. But I really had a hard time
  figuring out what the protocol as defined in this document does
  *not* provide, in particular in the message layer. At first sight,
  the CoAP protocol as defined in this document lacks features such as:

  - Support for messages exceeding the path MTU

  - Byte stream transport with segmentation and reassembly

  - Flow control

  - Congestion control for non-confirmable messages (this must IMHO be
    fixed)

  Further typical TCP features are pretty much left to the
  implementation or to extensions which will make the protocol more
  complex (imho, as complex as TCP):

  - In-order delivery of unconfirmed messages (for confirmed messages,
    delivery seems to be in-order right now if the implementation
    indeed complies to the mandated limit of one out-standing
    transaction per destination, but any application requiring a data
    transfer of more than 1KB will need something better)

  - Strong protection against message duplication (in particular if
    some checks are disabled based on cross-layer assumptions, which
    is allowed by this spec)

  - Non-trivial transport features for multicast

  - Security and DoS protection (mostly out-of-scope of this review)

  These aspects are further detailed below with specific text
  references.

  =3D> I think that the document needs a disclaimer in Section 1 that
  explicitly explains what users cannot expect from the CoAP base
  protocol (say, compared to a light-weight HTTP/TCP implementation
  with HTTP compression and the absolute minimum set of TCP features).


* General: The message layer, which basically provides a transport
  protocol service, is in parts only vaguely specified, and many
  transport-related protocol features can be overwriten by
  implementation or environment-specific settings, or by future
  extensions drafts. This makes it very difficult to review the
  protocol regarding completeness and robustness, such as atypical
  packet arrival patterns, reordering, and other corner cases that
  fundamentally matter for a transport protocol design. I believe that
  the protocol is simple enough that a full description of the state
  engine and event processing would be possible (like RFC 793 Section
  3.9. Event Processing). But without a rigourous specification, it is
  difficult to figure out what a CoAP implementation would do in many
  corner cases, and if interoperable implementations would interprete
  the spec in the same way.

   =3D> The following list of open issues is almost certainly
   incomplete; other TSV experts might identify further problems.


* Section 4.2

      A CoAP endpoint that sent a Confirmable message MAY give up in
      attempting to obtain an ACK even before the MAX_RETRANSMIT
      counter value is reached: E.g., the application has canceled the
      request as it no longer needs a response, or there is some other
      indication that the CON message did arrive.  In particular, a
      CoAP request message may have elicited a separate response, in
      which case it is clear to the requester that only the ACK was
      lost and a retransmission of the request would serve no purpose.
      However, a responder MUST NOT in turn rely on this cross-layer
      behavior from a requester, i.e. it SHOULD retain the state to
      create the ACK for the request, if needed, even if a Confirmable
      response was already acknowledged by the requester.

  =3D> I think that this situation can also occur during an attack with
  spoofed addresses, i. e., it is not "clear" that the ACK was
  lost. In that case, retransmitting the request may even be the
  better alternative, in order to identify the attack. As already
  mentioned, state diagrams and a clear event handling would help to
  identify such corner cases (there may be more than this specific
  one). This would also simplify discussion when it is indeed save to
  release state information.


* Section 4.3

      At the CoAP level, there is no way for the sender to detect if a
      Non- confirmable message was received or not.  A sender MAY
      choose to transmit multiple copies of a Non-confirmable message
      within MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN, or the network may duplicate the
      message in transit.

   =3D> This section lacks any guidance on how frequently
   non-confirmable messages may be sent. Section 4.7 mandates a
   maximum PROBING_RATE for congestion control. With the default
   parameters, MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN is 45s, and PROBING_RATE is 1
   Byte/second, i. e., for messages larger than 45 Byte, the limit for
   multiple copies is given by MESSAGE_SIZE/PROBING_RATE, not by
   MAX_TRANSMIT_SPAN.


`* Section 4.5

   o A constrained server MAY even want to relax this requirement for
      certain non-idempotent requests if the application semantics
      make this trade-off favorable.  For example, if the result of a
      POST request is just the creation of some short-lived state at
      the server, it may be less expensive to incur this effort
      multiple times for a request than keeping track of whether a
      previous transmission of the same request already was processed.

  =3D> I think that this section must stronger state that both endpoints
  must agree on those modified semantics. Otherwise, it is not clear
  to me whether the client and server implementations would indeed be
  interoperable, in particular, if they are implemented independently
  and thus make different assumptions. The client here asked for
  reliable transfer, but the server actually ignores that requests for
  reliabile transfer, right?


* Section 4.6

       Message sizes are also of considerable importance to
       implementations on constrained nodes.  Many implementations
       will need to allocate a buffer for incoming messages.  If an
       implementation is too constrained to allow for allocating the
       above-mentioned upper bound, it could apply the following
       implementation strategy: Implementations receiving a datagram
       into a buffer that is too small are usually able to determine
       if the trailing portion of a datagram was discarded and to
       retrieve the initial portion.  So, if not all of the payload,
       at least the CoAP header and options are likely to fit within
       the buffer.  A server can thus fully interpret a request and
       return a 4.13 (Request Entity Too Large) response code if the
       payload was truncated.  A client sending an idempotent request
       and receiving a response larger than would fit in the buffer
       can repeat the request with a suitable value for the Block
       Option [I-D.ietf-core-block].

  =3D> This document must include a discussion on flow control, i. e.,
  what happens if the receiver's receive buffer is full or if an
  application stalls and does not consume data for longer time
  (exceeding the retransmission timeout).

  Explanation:

  For constrainted devices with small receive buffers and
  communication with more than one endpoint, it seems to me pretty
  likely that at some points in time no receive buffer is
  available. The protocol spec does not discuss what happens if the
  buffer is to small to process even the header, and what the behavior
  of the receiver should be (silently dropping the incoming message?
  sending a RST? does the behavior depend on whether it is CON or
  NON?). I think that this spec must provide guidance how the protocol
  deals with buffer shortage.

  TCP's solution to this kind of situations is flow control by the
  receive window. In CoAP, there seems to be an implicit assumption
  that messages can either always be "somehow" processed by a receiver
  or savely be dropped. As long as the protocol allows only one
  outstanding transaction per destination, and allocates dedicated
  receive buffer for a full CoAP packet for each destination,
  out-of-my head this indeed seems to work without deadlocks because
  we basically have the alternating-bit-protocol. But in more complex
  situations with small buffer sizes (e. g., multiple
  transactions/applications sharing one buffer, or insequence-delivery
  for more than one transaction), I think that the protocol could run
  into deadlocks because it cannot prevent a sender from sending or
  retransmitting data into a receiver not having any receive buffer.

  I am not an expert on formal protocol verification, i. e., I cannot
  provide an exact specification for the minimum set of implementation
  requirements that savely prevents deadlock (also see my other
  remarks on state engine specification). But I am really concerned
  that the document does not even mention the terms "flow control",
  "buffer sizing", etc.


* Section 4.7

      In order not to cause congestion, Clients (including proxies)
      MUST strictly limit the number of simultaneous outstanding
      interactions that they maintain to a given server (including
      proxies) to NSTART.  An outstanding interaction is either a CON
      for which an ACK has not yet been received but is still expected
      (message layer) or a request for which neither a response nor an
      Acknowledgment message has yet been received but is still
      expected (which may both occur at the same time, counting as one
      outstanding interaction).  The default value of NSTART for this
      specification is 1.

  =3D> This section MUST clarify congestion control for non-confirmable
  messages. I miss a clear recommendation how frequently a sender is
  allowed to send non-confirmable messages if there is no other
  feedback. I think that a maximum data rate of PROBING_RATE would be
  reasonable and save, but I recall some discussion on other proposals
  (e. g., mandating a confirmable message every X non-confirmable
  messages, etc.).


* Section 4.8.2

           o PROCESSING_DELAY is the time a node takes to turn around
              a Confirmable message into an acknowledgement.  We
              assume the node will attempt to send an ACK before
              having the sender time out, so as a conservative
              assumption we set it equal to ACK_TIMEOUT.

  =3D> I assume that the spec wants to say "a receiver MUST have sent an
  ACK after PROCESSING_DELAY"? I have not found that requirement
  elsewhere in the document. If it is not a MUST requirement, the
  calculations involving PROCESSING_DELAY seem to be not the worst
  case and are therefore not really useful for worst-case analysis.


* Section 5.3.1

      A token is intended for use as a client-local identifier for
      differentiating between concurrent requests (see Section 5.3);
      it could have been called a "request ID".

  =3D> Im my understanding, concurrent requests are not allowed by this
  spec, i. e., why does this document not recommend to use an empty
  token as long as NSTART=3D1? It apparently just wastes scace bandwidth
  if there is only one allowed request to a destination. As an
  editorial note, this reference to Section 5.3 is strange here; this
  is the only paragraph in the document where concurrent requests are
  mentioned.


* Section 5.3.2

      The exact rules for matching a response to a request are as
      follows:

      1.  The source endpoint of the response MUST be the same as the
          destination endpoint of the original request.

      2.  In a piggy-backed response, both the Message ID of the
          Confirmable request and the Acknowledgement, and the token
          of the response and original request MUST match.  In a
          separate response, just the token of the response and
          original request MUST match.

      In case a message carrying a response is unexpected (the client
      is not waiting for a response from the identified endpoint, at
      the endpoint addressed, and/or with the given token), the
      response is rejected (Section 4.2, Section 4.3).

  =3D> To me, the CoAP message processing seems underspecified. What
  really happens if either the msg and token mismatch (two entirely
  different cases), i. e., what will the endpoint put into the RST
  message? Section 4.2 states "The Acknowledgement message MUST echo
  the Message ID of the Confirmable message, and MUST carry a response
  or be empty (see Section 5.2.1 and Section 5.2.2)."; based on text I
  cannot figure out what the response would be. For interoperability
  between implementations, this sort of events matter.

  =3D> Would it be allowed to send back a response both by a CON and a
  NON message, with the same token, but different message IDs? If so,
  how would the matching deal with this?


* Section 5.3.2

   Implementation Note: A client that receives a response in a CON
      message may want to clean up the message state right after
      sending the ACK.  If that ACK is lost and the server retransmits
      the CON, the client may no longer have any state to correlate
      this response to, making the retransmission an unexpected
      message; the client may send a Reset message so it does not
      receive any more retransmissions.  This behavior is normal and
      not an indication of an error.  (Clients that are not
      aggressively optimized in their state memory usage will still
      have message state that will identify the second CON as a
      retransmission.  Clients that actually expect more messages from
      the server [I-D.ietf-core-observe] will have to keep state in
      any case.)

  =3D> I am confused by this sort of argument of removing state. This
  statement probably refers to Token state, since some kind of Message
  ID state has to be kept at least for MAX_LATENCY according to
  Section 4.8.2? Again, I'd expect the protocol specification to
  clearly state what the minimum requirements on keeping state are.


* Section 5.4 and Section 5.10

  =3D> The maximum size of these options, in particular if more than one
  is used at the same time, can easily exceed the IPv6 MTU of 1280
  bytes. In other words, a single non-fragmented IP packet will not
  only have not enough space for payload if options are used, possibly
  a single packet will not even be sufficient to transport all
  required options? What does the CoAP base protocol do in that case?
  Discard that request/response and return an application error? Why
  does Section 5 not have any guidance on size/segmentation issues if
  options are (too) large?


* Section 8.1

   A multicast request is characterized by being transported in a CoAP
   message that is addressed to an IP multicast address instead of a
   CoAP endpoint.  Such multicast requests MUST be Non-confirmable.

  =3D> A normative statement on congestion control for *sending* to
  multicast addresses is missing. I think that a slow-speed network
  can get very easily congested by multicast messages, i. e., this
  matters for the main CoAP use cases. I believe that sending 1
  Byte/second is save for multicast destinations.


* Section 8.1

   When a server is aware that a request arrived via multicast, it
   MUST NOT return a RST in reply to NON.  If it is not aware, it MAY
   return a RST in reply to NON as usual.  Because such a Reset
   message will look identical to an RST for a unicast message from
   the sender, the sender MUST avoid using a Message ID that is also
   still active from this endpoint with any unicast endpoint that
   might receive the multicast message.

  =3D> Why is a RST forbidden by a MUST? I would understand the
  motivation for a SHOULD, but if a server is overloaded by multicast
  requests and runs out of processing resources for multicast
  requests, isn't there a need to tell the sender that it has to stop
  using this multicast group?


* Section 8.2

   When matching a response to a multicast request, only the token
   MUST match; the source endpoint of the response does not need to
   (and will not) be the same as the destination endpoint of the
   original request.

  =3D> So, the token is the only way to deal with packets that are
  duplicated in the network? Then, this section must IMHO expand
  further on how to select token IDs for multicast transfer. For use
  in multicast, Section 5.3.1. "The client SHOULD generate tokens in
  such a way that tokens currently in use for a given
  source/destination endpoint pair are unique." is not sufficient; the
  token must in addition be unique during MAX_LATENCY, right?


* Section 8.2

     If a server does decide to respond to a multicast request, it
     should not respond immediately.

  =3D> The spec leaves open if a server is allowed to respond with
  confirmed message. If a large number of servers respond, the ACK
  traffic for many CONs could be an issue, right? But if only NON is
  allowed, what happens if the server wants that its message is indeed
  delivered reliably to the requester?


* Section 8.2

   E.g., for a multicast request with link-local scope on an 2.4 GHz
   IEEE 802.15.4 (6LoWPAN) network, G could be (relatively
   conservatively) set to 100, S to 100 bytes, and the target rate to
   a conservative 8 kbit/s =3D 1 kB/s.  The resulting lower bound for
   the Leisure is 10 seconds.

  =3D> While I like the idea of randomizing the response time to avoid
  in-cast problems, according to Section 4.8, a conservative
  assumption about the allowed data rate in a potentially congested
  network is PROBING_RATE =3D 1 Byte/second. 1 kB/s might be realistic
  in a specific application scenario if the network does not have any
  other traffic, but the attribute "conservative" should not be used
  here, because reality with cross-traffic could be entirely
  different.


* Section 8.2

   If a CoAP endpoint does not have suitable data to compute a value
   for Leisure, it MAY resort to DEFAULT_LEISURE.

  =3D> With this vague specification of leisure time the client has no
  means to know whether *any* response will ever arrive. The servers
  could, for instance, err on the size of the group and just pick all
  a large random leasure time. I think it would make sense to define
  an upper limit on the leasure time, to allow some interpretation on
  the client side. If this upper limit significantly exceeds the rate
  PROBING_RATE, servers may just randomly decide not to reply, instead
  of waiting for a long time.


* Section 8.2.2

   When a forward-proxy receives a request with a Proxy-Uri or URI
   constructed from Proxy-Scheme that indicates a multicast address,
   the proxy obtains a set of responses as described above and sends
   all responses (both cached-still-fresh and new) back to the
   original client.

   =3D> I don't understand from the document how this works. For
   instance, will these responses all have the same token? How can a
   client process this if it expects only one response from the proxy?
   My general impression is that the multicast mode of CoAP would
   require a more rigorous specification for being included in a PS
   document.


* Section 9

   DTLS is not applicable to group keying (multicast communication);
   however, it may be a component in a future group key management
   protocol.

  =3D> I am not really familiar with DTLS. But communication to
  multicast addresses by CoAP cannot be secured by DTLS, right? If so,
  why is there not a big warning sign "DTLS is not available for
  multicast CoAP"?


* Section 11

  =3D> This section IMHO lacks the description of two further attacks:

     (a) The equivalent of a SYN flooding attack on TCP would be
     sending complex queries with CON to a server. Given that the cost
     of a CON request is small, this attack can easily be
     executed. Also, if the server responds with CONs, it will have to
     allocate buffer and retransmission logic for each request, and it
     will likely run out of resources. A simple remedy is rate
     limiting as mentioned in Section 4.7; this counter-measure should
     be repeated here.

     (b) A subtle attack with spoofed addresses could possibly exploit
     the lack of congestion control in CoAP. Due to NSTART=3D1, a tricky
     attacker could prevent a server to communicate with a legitime
     client, because only one transaction is allowed to one
     destination address. The attacker could try to always occupy this
     "slot".

     Both attacks are due to the lack of a three-way handshake like in
     TCP.


* Section 11

  =3D> This section IMHO needs a discussion on minimum requirements on
  how to select Message ID and Tokens. Both are a means to protect
  against "hijacking" of transactions / falsification of responses,
  but if an attacker can guess these values, an attacker can inject
  wrong data into a CoAP communication. Compare e.g. to a TCP receiver
  that carefully checks whether sequence numbers are valid, i.e.,
  within the receive window.



Editorial nits:

* Section 2.2

             CoAP makes use of GET, PUT, POST and DELETE methods in a
             similar manner to HTTP, with the semantics specified in
             Section 5.8.  (Note that the detailed semantics of CoAP
             methods are "almost, but not entirely unlike" those of
             HTTP methods:

  =3D> s/unlike/like/ ?


* Section 3

      Following the header, token, and options, if any, comes the
      optional payload.  If present and of non-zero length, it is
      prefixed by a fixed, one-byte Payload Marker (0xFF) which
      indicates the end of options and the start of the payload.  The
      payload data extends from after the marker to the end of the UDP
      datagram, i.e., the Payload Length is calculated from the
      datagram size.  The absence of the Payload Marker denotes a
      zero-length payload.  The presence of a marker followed by a
      zero-length payload MUST be processed as a message format error.

   =3D> I think that the term "payload marker" is kind of dangerous; it
   would be better to use a term like "end-of-option option". When I
   first read this section, I wondered whether a CoAP implementation
   could just scan through the packet to find the begin of the payload
   by the first occence of 0xFF after the default CoAP
   header. However, this would require 0xFF to be masked in all
   options. Masking is realized in Section 3.1, but apparently not in
   Sections 3.2 and Section 5.4.


* Section 4.4

      The same Message ID MUST NOT be re-used (in communicating with
      the same endpoint) within the EXCHANGE_LIFETIME (Section 4.8.2).

      Implementation Note: Several implementation strategies can be
         employed for generating Message IDs.  In the simplest case a
         CoAP endpoint generates Message IDs by keeping a single
         Message ID variable, which is changed each time a new
         Confirmable or Non- confirmable message is sent regardless of
         the destination address or port.  Endpoints dealing with
         large numbers of transactions could keep multiple Message ID
         variables, for example per prefix or destination address.
         The initial variable value should be randomized.

  =3D> Using a single Message ID variable IMHO is only possible if there
  is only a single message outstanding to any address, because the
  Message ID has to be kept for verifying responses. Which implies
  that even in the "simplest case" there is also one Message ID
  variable per address. I wonder whether the Implementation Note
  should be something of the sort "implementations will typically
  store Message IDs per destination, but they may use a single counter
  to ensure uniqueness among several destinations".


* Section 4.6

           header and options are likely to fit within the buffer.  A
           server can thus fully interpret a request and return a 4.13
           (Request Entity Too Large) response code if the payload was
           truncated.  A

   =3D> The syntax "4.13" is not introduced at this stage; it could make
   sense to add a brief sentence early in the document to explain the
   response code format


* Section 4.8

         Message transmission is controlled by the following
         parameters:

  =3D> At least DEFAULT_LEISURE is not defined in the text until this
  table (and it is not really self-explaining).


* Section 4.8.2

  =3D> The whole section on time values derived from transmission
  parameters is pretty hard to parse. Instead of organizing it
  according parameters, it would be better to highlight the subset of
  parameters that actually matter for an implementation, and what is
  exactly the event at the beginning and end of that duration.


* Section 5.3.1

   The Token is used to match a response with a request.  The token
   value is a sequence of 0 to 8 bytes.

  =3D> While CoAP optimizes its protocol fields for single bits, the
  document does not comment at all on reasonable sizes for the
  token. At least some text mentioning the high overhead of a 4 or 8
  byte token compared to the rest of the CoAP headers could be useful.
  Possibly also addressing the security-size tradeoff.


* Section 5.10

  =3D> I don't understand why the Proxy-URI is longer than others, and
  why the length is 1034.


Finally, please note that I am not subscribed to the core WG mailing list.

Thanks

Michael
