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Subject: [Ecrit] RFC 6444 on Location Hiding: Problem Statement and Requirements
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A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.

        
        RFC 6444

        Title:      Location Hiding: Problem Statement and 
                    Requirements 
        Author:     H. Schulzrinne, L. Liess,
                    H. Tschofenig, B. Stark,
                    A. Kuett
        Status:     Informational
        Stream:     IETF
        Date:       January 2012
        Mailbox:    hgs+ecrit@cs.columbia.edu, 
                    L.Liess@telekom.de, 
                    Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net,
                    barbara.stark@att.com, 
                    andres.kytt@skype.net
        Pages:      9
        Characters: 18495
        Updates/Obsoletes/SeeAlso:   None

        I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-ecrit-location-hiding-req-04.txt

        URL:        http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6444.txt

The emergency services architecture developed in the IETF Emergency
Context Resolution with Internet Technology (ECRIT) working group
describes an architecture where location information is provided by
access networks to endpoints or Voice over IP (VoIP) service
providers in order to determine the correct dial string and
information to route the call to a Public Safety Answering Point
(PSAP).  To determine the PSAP Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), the
usage of the Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) protocol is
envisioned.

This document provides a problem statement and lists requirements for
situations where the Internet Access Provider (IAP) and/or the
Internet Service Provider (ISP) are only willing to disclose limited
or no location information.  This document is not an Internet Standards 
Track specification; it is published for informational purposes.

This document is a product of the Emergency Context Resolution with Internet Technologies Working Group of the IETF.


INFORMATIONAL: This memo provides information for the Internet community.
It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of
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From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Wed Jan 11 01:28:46 2012
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Subject: [Ecrit] I-D Action: draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-14.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies. This draft is a work item of the Emergency Context Resolution with Int=
ernet Technologies Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Synchronizing Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Pro=
tocol based Service Boundaries and Mapping Elements
	Author(s)       : Henning Schulzrinne
                          Hannes Tschofenig
	Filename        : draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-14.txt
	Pages           : 29
	Date            : 2012-01-11

   The Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) protocol is an XML-based
   protocol for mapping service identifiers and geodetic or civic
   location information to service URIs and service boundaries.  In
   particular, it can be used to determine the location-appropriate
   Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) for emergency services.

   The main data structure, the <mapping> element, used for
   encapsulating information about service boundaries is defined in the
   LoST protocol specification and circumscribes the region within which
   all locations map to the same service Uniform Resource Identifier
   (URI) or set of URIs for a given service.

   This document defines an XML protocol to exchange these mappings
   between two nodes.  This mechanism is designed for the exchange of
   authoritative <mapping> elements between two entities.  Exchanging
   cached <mapping> elements, i.e. non-authoritative elements, is
   possible but not envisioned.  In any case, this document can also be
   used without the LoST protocol even though the format of the
   <mapping> element is re-used from the LoST specification.


A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-14.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-14.txt


From hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net  Wed Jan 11 01:30:10 2012
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From: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>
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Subject: Re: [Ecrit] [ietf-types] Request for review of Media Type 'application/lostsync+xml'
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Hi Bjoern,=20

thank you for your review. I have updated the draft based on your =
comments.=20
Here is the new draft: =
http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-14.txt

Ciao
Hannes

On Sep 18, 2011, at 10:29 PM, Bjoern Hoehrmann wrote:

> * Hannes Tschofenig wrote:
>>  MIME media type name:  application
>>=20
>>=20
>>  MIME subtype name:  lostsync+xml
>=20
> This is based on an outdated version of the template, the current one =
is
> in RFC 4288; some of the fields are named and organized differently.
>=20
>>  Optional parameters:  charset
>>=20
>>     Indicates the character encoding of enclosed XML.
>>=20
>>=20
>>  Encoding considerations:  Uses XML, which can employ 8-bit
>>     characters, depending on the character encoding used.  See RFC
>>     3023 [RFC3023], Section 3.2.
>=20
> RFC 3023 should be referenced as specified in RFC 3023 section 7.1.
>=20
>>  Additional information:
>>=20
>>     Magic Number:  None
>>=20
>>=20
>>     File Extension:  .lostsyncxml
>>=20
>>=20
>>     Macintosh file type code:  'TEXT'
>>=20
>>=20
>>  Personal and email address for further information:  Hannes
>>     Tschofenig, Hannes.Tschofenig@nsn.com
>=20
> (The rendering "Name <email>" is more often used for this.)
> --=20
> Bj=F6rn H=F6hrmann =B7 mailto:bjoern@hoehrmann.de =B7 =
http://bjoern.hoehrmann.de
> Am Badedeich 7 =B7 Telefon: +49(0)160/4415681 =B7 =
http://www.bjoernsworld.de
> 25899 Dageb=FCll =B7 PGP Pub. KeyID: 0xA4357E78 =B7 =
http://www.websitedev.de/=20


From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Wed Jan 11 10:16:11 2012
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Subject: [Ecrit] I-D Action: draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-15.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies. This draft is a work item of the Emergency Context Resolution with Int=
ernet Technologies Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Synchronizing Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Pro=
tocol based Service Boundaries and Mapping Elements
	Author(s)       : Henning Schulzrinne
                          Hannes Tschofenig
	Filename        : draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-15.txt
	Pages           : 29
	Date            : 2012-01-11

   The Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) protocol is an XML-based
   protocol for mapping service identifiers and geodetic or civic
   location information to service URIs and service boundaries.  In
   particular, it can be used to determine the location-appropriate
   Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) for emergency services.

   The main data structure, the <mapping> element, used for
   encapsulating information about service boundaries is defined in the
   LoST protocol specification and circumscribes the region within which
   all locations map to the same service Uniform Resource Identifier
   (URI) or set of URIs for a given service.

   This document defines an XML protocol to exchange these mappings
   between two nodes.  This mechanism is designed for the exchange of
   authoritative <mapping> elements between two entities.  Exchanging
   cached <mapping> elements, i.e. non-authoritative elements, is
   possible but not envisioned.  In any case, this document can also be
   used without the LoST protocol even though the format of the
   <mapping> element is re-used from the LoST specification.


A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-15.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-15.txt


From hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net  Wed Jan 11 11:20:45 2012
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From: Hannes Tschofenig <hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net>
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Date: Wed, 11 Jan 2012 21:20:37 +0200
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To: "Julian F. F. Reschke" <julian.reschke@gmx.de>
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Hey Julian,=20

as discussed in our call today I have updated the document. I submitted =
version -15 and put the ECRIT WG on CC to let everyone know about the =
proposed changes.=20

As a background for others on the list, Julian reviewed the document a =
while ago and I made changes but Robert noticed that I had missed a few =
issues. Here is his review:=20
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/apps-discuss/current/msg01798.html

There are two interesting issues:=20

1) HTTP POST is used by LoST Sync

When Henning and I worked on the LoST Sync specification we just =
followed the design of many of our other HTTP protocol designs (like =
LoST, HELD, etc.).=20

Julian had some concerns that the tunneling of XML over HTTP could lead =
to undesired behavior when the protocol is run over proxies (rather than =
in an isolated environment) if we do not precisely specify what these =
devices do with the LoST Sync protocol. There are various ways to deal =
with that problem and, for example, using a different port number (as =
suggested in BCP 56) is one option. Another option is to always use TLS.=20=


I have now changed the draft in such a way that it mandates the usage of =
TLS. I believe that this is quite appropriate for a protocol that is so =
security sensitive.=20

I believe that this addresses the concerns.

2) LoST Sync Relax NG Schema Registration

RFC 3688 defines the "The IETF XML Registry" and the abstract says:

   This document describes an IANA maintained registry for IETF
   standards which use Extensible Markup Language (XML) related items
   such as Namespaces, Document Type Declarations (DTDs), Schemas, and
   Resource Description Framework (RDF) Schemas.

Note that the document does not talk about Relax NG schemas. We have, =
for example, with LoST and other specifications uses this XML registry =
to register our Relax NG schemas. That's not quite what the registry was =
designed for.=20

Julian has a token now to investigate this issue.=20

Ciao
Hannes


From hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net  Fri Jan 13 01:17:41 2012
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Subject: Re: [Ecrit] review of draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-12
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Hi Martin,=20

thanks for your review.=20

On Sep 22, 2011, at 2:48 PM, Martin J. D=FCrst wrote:

> I have been selected as the Applications Area Review Team reviewer for =
this draft (for background on apps-review, please see =
http://www.apps.ietf.org/content/applications-area-review-team).
>=20
> Document: draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-12
> Reviewer: Martin D=FCrst
> Review Date: September 22, 2011
>=20
> Review Summary:
>=20
> This draft should be clarified in various places before being =
published.
> There is also a deeper design issue that I will mention upfront and =
that hopefully will be taken to heart for future work.
>=20
> Document Summary:
>=20
> The document defines a 'protocol' (actually a number of XML messages, =
under a common Media type, carried over http(s)) for synchronizing =
Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) service boundaries and mapping =
elements.
>=20
>=20
> Design Issue:
>=20
> It seems still in fashion to define a 'protocol' independent of =
underlying transport. This is preferable if there is a truely expected =
need for multiple transports, and if there is a large abstraction gap =
between the newly defined 'protocol' and the potential underlying =
transport mechanism. However, in the case at hand, only one transport =
(HTTP, including its secured equivalent HTTPS) is used, and the =
abstraction gap is extremely low.
>=20
> Once one has understood REST, it's very easy to see a set of mappings =
as a resource, a <getMappingRequest> as a simple HTTP GET and a =
<pushMappingRequest> as a PUT. A <getMappingRequest> with =
<mapping-fingerprint> element would require some thought, although there =
are several possible solutions.
>=20
>=20
I certainly agree with you we could have designed the protocol =
differently. A design based on REST would have been one possible option. =
I don't think it would have made any difference to the result but it is =
certainly more fashionable these days.=20



> Major Issues (necessary clarifications):
>=20
> Independence of LoST: The Introduction says:
>   In any case, this document can also be
>   used without the LoST protocol even though the format of the
>   <mapping> element is re-used from the LoST specification.
> What does "can be used without the LoST protocol" mean? If it said =
something like "this specification is independent of the LoST protocol =
specification except in that it reuses the <mapping> element (and some =
error elements) from that specification", that would be easier to =
understand.

Good question.=20

What I wanted to express in this rather complicated way is the =
following:

There is the LoST protocol, which the group had developed a few years =
ago. It runs between a LoST client and a LoST server.=20
Then, there is an architecture document that has to be understood in the =
context of the IETF emergency services architecture. This architecture =
document in a nutshell says: Here is an architecture similar to DNS. Use =
LoST as a protocol between the nodes and a synchronization protocol =
between the top-level servers. This document is this synchronization =
protocol.=20
The synchronization protocol is not LoST but a new protocol. There is, =
however, a component (namely these mappings) that is defined in LoST =
that can (and is) reused in this protocol.

For a definition:=20

   mapping:  A mapping is a short-hand for 'mapping from a location
      object to either another mapping server or the desired service
      URLs'.

Any idea how I could phrase this a bit better to get my message across.=20=

(One option is obviously to avoid mentioning the fact that the mapping =
element is re-used from LoST; an implementer will figure it out anyway.)

>=20
> Namespaces: It is overkill to define new namespaces for each spec. =
It's a well-known secret in the XML community that it's easily possible =
to add a number of new elements to an existing namespace. This would be =
very appropriate in this case, because the number of reused elements and =
attributes is quite large, and the number of new elements is low. This =
would simplify most of the examples.

I guess you refer to the namespace registration in the IANA =
consideration section, namely urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:lostsync1

In the RAI area we have (to my knowledge) always created new namespaces =
for new schemas. But I am pleased to hear that this is not needed.=20

Could you explain what we should be doing instead?=20

>=20
> 4.2 Behavior of the LoST Sync Destination: This needs various =
clarifications.
>=20
> The first paragraph uses 'replace', the next one after the conditions =
uses 'update'. Is this the same? Then use the same word. Also, it says:
>   If the received mapping M' does not update any existing mapping M
>   then it MUST be added to the local cache as an independent mapping.
> If I apply this to a mapping with conditions 1. and 2. being true, but =
condition 3. being false, then this means that older mappings of the =
same source and sourceID MUST be added to the local cache. Surely this =
must be wrong.

Good catch. I updated the text.

> Also, it says that an emply <mapping> element means that a =
"corresponding" mapping has to be determined based on source, sourceID, =
and lastUpdated. The "lastUpdated" here is ambiguous and could lead to =
differing implementations. Does lastUpdated have to match with equality? =
Does it have to be (the same or?) newer than the one being cached?

I have changed that sentence so that only source and sourceID have to =
match. It may indeed the possible that someone understands the sentence =
in a way that the indicated mapping is removed from the cache but then =
the previously received one is now active. That was, however, not my =
intention to implement a sort of "rollback".=20


>=20
> Also, all the examples (Figs. 10/12) also contain an 'expires' =
attribute. Is that necessary? Does it have to be the same as the =
lastUpdated attribute? Please specify.

A mapping element must contain an expires attributes and it contains the =
absolute time at which the mapping becomes invalid.

It has nothing to do with the lastUpdated attribute.

>=20
> Further, we have: "The <notDeleted> element MAY carry a <message> =
element": What kind of message element? If this is from RFC 5222, then =
please say so. In Fig. 12, there is a 'message' attribute, is that what =
is meant? If yes, then please fix the prose (element-> attribute). If =
no, then point out the difference.


I added a note that this is a message that provides information for =
debugging purposes. This element is not from RFC 5222.=20

The 'message' is an attribute. Corrected.=20
=20
>=20
> Fig. 12: This uses an attribute value for human-readable text. This is =
considered bad practice, because it forecloses the use of further markup =
in case this is considered necessary (can often become the case for =
internationalization reasons).

While this is human readable text I now state that it is only used for =
debugging purposes.
What would you use instead?=20

>=20
> in Transport, it says:
>   The HTTP request MUST use the
>   Cache-Control response directive "no-cache" to (*) HTTP-level =
caching
> At (*), a verb such as 'suppress' or 'avoid' or some such seems to be =
missing. Please clarify.

I changed that section based on Julian Reschke's review.=20

>=20
> In Operational Considerations, the use of XML Digital Signatures is =
mentioned. With just the text that is there, it seems impossible to =
guess what actually should be done. For example, how is authorization =
verified? Also, why only sign the first time? Wouldn't it be easier/more =
straightforward to just sign every time?
> This looks like either an afterthought (in which case the MUST isn't =
appropriate, because it doesn't have anything to do with the protocol =
per se) or some missing context (e.g. from LoST itself) in which case =
there should be some reference or so to clarify the context.
>=20
I added text to clarify the issues you raised.=20

> Security Considerations: In particular the last two sentences read =
like security considerations not for synchronization, but for the =
underlying PSAP data and LoST itself. Probably similar considerations =
have already been given in RFC 5222 or elsewhere, in which case they =
should be included by reference.
>=20
Changed the wording.=20

> 9.1: "8-bit characters": This term is highly inappropriate, because =
it's actually 8-bit bytes, not characters. Please just point to RFC =
3023.
>=20
Changed it.=20

> 9.1, security considerations: Replace the current text with a pointer =
to the security considerations in the spec (text similar to the =
"Published Specification" item)
>=20
Done.=20

> p. 25: The namespace document has the namespace as
> urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:lost1:sync, while in the examples it is
> urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:lostsync1. Please fix and check carefully.
>=20
Thanks.=20

>=20
> Minor Issues (mainly editorial):
>=20
> Abstract and Introduction: add a comma at end of clause
>   The main data structure, the <mapping> element, used for
>   encapsulating information about service boundaries*,* is defined...
>=20
Done.=20

> p.4: "we call them Austria and Finland": "we call them" makes sense =
with fictive country names, but in this case "for example Austria and =
Finland" makes more sense.

OK.=20

>=20
> p. 8: "Node B issuing the first request and plays"
>   -> "Node B is issuing the first request and plays"

Ok.
>=20
> p. 12: There should be a short explanation of the =
<mapping-fingerprint> element in the prose.
>=20
Added text.=20

> 4.3: The first two example given with bullet points add a linebreak =
after the first attribute, it would be easier if they also added a =
linebreak after the second one.
>=20
Done.=20

> 6. Relax: Please add some introductory text.
>=20
What text are you thinking about?

> 7. Operational Considerations:
>   When B obtained this new mapping it would find out that it has to
>   distribute it to its peer C. C would also want to distribute the
>   mapping to B (and vice versa).
> Either remove the 'vice versa' or the sentence before it.

Ok
>=20
> "If the originally mapping" ->
> "If the original mapping"
>=20
Thanks.=20

> Security Considerations: Split the long paragraph into shorter pieces =
for easier readability.
>=20
OK.=20

> 9.1, Additional Information: Please add "None"
>=20
Done.=20

> 10. In earlier times, the shepherd was called the PROTO shepherd. But =
these days, PROTO isn't used anymore as far as I know. Please remove.

Done.=20

Ciao
Hannes

>=20
>=20
> Regards,    Martin.


From internet-drafts@ietf.org  Fri Jan 13 01:25:39 2012
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Subject: [Ecrit] I-D Action: draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-16.txt
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies. This draft is a work item of the Emergency Context Resolution with Int=
ernet Technologies Working Group of the IETF.

	Title           : Synchronizing Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) Pro=
tocol based Service Boundaries and Mapping Elements
	Author(s)       : Henning Schulzrinne
                          Hannes Tschofenig
	Filename        : draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-16.txt
	Pages           : 29
	Date            : 2012-01-13

   The Location-to-Service Translation (LoST) protocol is an XML-based
   protocol for mapping service identifiers and geodetic or civic
   location information to service URIs and service boundaries.  In
   particular, it can be used to determine the location-appropriate
   Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) for emergency services.

   The main data structure, the <mapping> element, used for
   encapsulating information about service boundaries is defined in the
   LoST protocol specification and circumscribes the region within which
   all locations map to the same service Uniform Resource Identifier
   (URI) or set of URIs for a given service.

   This document defines an XML protocol to exchange these mappings
   between two nodes.  This mechanism is designed for the exchange of
   authoritative <mapping> elements between two entities.  Exchanging
   cached <mapping> elements, i.e. non-authoritative elements, is
   possible but not envisioned.  In any case, this document can also be
   used without the LoST protocol even though the format of the
   <mapping> element is re-used from the LoST specification.


A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-16.txt

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

This Internet-Draft can be retrieved at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-16.txt


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Based on Martin's review I have updated the LoST Sync draft.=20
Please find the most recent version here:=20
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-16

Diff from previous version:
http://tools.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-ecrit-lost-sync-16

I will wait for Martin to take a look at the proposed changes to see =
whether further refinements are needed.=20

Ciao
Hannes


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Hi Julian,=20

On Jan 15, 2012, at 6:09 PM, Julian Reschke wrote:

>> There are two interesting issues:
>>=20
>> 1) HTTP POST is used by LoST Sync
>>=20
>> When Henning and I worked on the LoST Sync specification we just =
followed the design of many of our other HTTP protocol designs (like =
LoST, HELD, etc.).
>=20
> Yep.
>=20
> The protocols mentioned above essentially use HTTP as a tunnel. I =
would NOT recommend them as an example of protocol design unless you are =
sure that you can control senders, receivers, and intermediates. Also =
keep in mind that one of the advantages of using HTTP is that you can =
reuse existing components (like libraries and server frameworks), in =
which case using HTTP the wrong way can lead to later pain.

But didn't we add directives that control the behavior of the HTTP =
protocol to, for example, control caching?=20
Isn't this enough or the wrong approach?=20

Ciao
Hannes

