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This is a reminder, sent out once a month, about your machshav.com
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Thread-Topic: Working out the details of SA updates
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From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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Subject: [Mobike] Working out the details of SA updates
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Hi everyone,

I've put together a new draft about a possible MOBIKE protocol. =20
This is not a revision of the SMOBIKE draft, but takes a rather=20
different approach, more resembling Francis's and Tero's drafts.
A temporary copy of the draft (which will be removed when the=20
draft appears on ietf.org) is available from:

http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/TEMP-draft-eronen-mobike-mopo-00.txt

The main "beef" of this draft is actually working out the details=20
of how updating the various Security Associations could work.

In particular, supporting window size 1 properly was somewhat
tricky (and I'm not sure I got all the details right yet).
The basic problem was that if you don't update any addresses
before RR succeeds, and you can't send the message verifying RR=20
before there is room in the window, and existing requests cannot
get out of the window before you update something, you have a=20
deadlock.

Another complicated issue was that some situations require
simultaneous update of both parties' addresses. For instance,
if your own address changes, you also have to pick the right=20
destination address for the address update message. (And this
is not the same problem that is usually handled by normal IP=20
source address selection.)

This draft also makes "IP address integrity protection" (or=20
"NAT prevention") an orthogonal feature, so it can protect=20
the addresses also when the SA is created (and can be optional
if NAT support is needed).

Comments are most welcome! (I'm mostly out of office=20
during the next three weeks, so I won't read my emails
very often. But see you in San Diego!)

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Thu Jul 15 20:07:18 2004
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Subject: [Mobike] MOBIKE with NAT
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Hi,

I submitted a short draft to show how mobike can work with NAT without opening up
the third party bombing attack. It does not specify a new MOBIKE  protocol. Just the
focus on NAT. The intent is to generate some discussion on this topic.
As specified in the draft, it works in some simple scenarios. It does not claim to work
in all scenarios. Comments are welcome.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-mohanp-mobike-nat-00.txt

-mohan
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Jul 20 12:53:10 2004
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Subject: [Mobike] Agenda for MOBIKE at the IETF in San Diego
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Greetings again. We are scheduled for 2.5 hours on Monday night. Our 
agenda is quite open, with draft-ietf-mobike-design being the main 
topic of conversation. There certainly is plenty there to fill up the 
time with.

Do people here think there is value to again having presentations on 
the protocol proposals, or should we just focus on the design 
document?

Are there other topics that we should be discussing at the 
face-to-face meeting?

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Agenda for MOBIKE at the IETF in San Diego
Date: Wed, 21 Jul 2004 16:31:18 +0300
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Thread-Topic: [Mobike] Agenda for MOBIKE at the IETF in San Diego
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Paul Hoffman wrote:
>=20
> Greetings again. We are scheduled for 2.5 hours on Monday night. Our=20
> agenda is quite open, with draft-ietf-mobike-design being the main=20
> topic of conversation. There certainly is plenty there to fill up the=20
> time with.
>=20
> Do people here think there is value to again having presentations on=20
> the protocol proposals, or should we just focus on the design=20
> document?
>=20
> Are there other topics that we should be discussing at the=20
> face-to-face meeting?

I think it would be beneficial to discuss the protocol proposals=20
as well, and what approaches they take to the various issues
discussed in the design document.

BR,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Jul 27 13:20:09 2004
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Subject: [Mobike] Protocol Drafts - What's different.
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I read through the protocol drafts and I can't see much difference in the
technical content. Would the authors like to articulate what the differences
are?

                jak


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Subject: [Mobike] Agenda for San Diego
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Greetings again. We will be meeting next week on Monday night at 
1930. The agenda (as best as we know) is:

- Agenda bashing (short)
- draft-ietf-mobike-design (long)
- Proposals for protocols (informal)
- Revision of our milestones (mandatory)

Before Monday, please be sure to read the design draft 
<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mobike-design-00.txt>, 
which is also linked from the main WG page at 
<http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/>. Active discussion will be 
appreciated.

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Wed Jul 28 04:18:21 2004
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: "James Kempf" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Protocol Drafts - What's different. 
In-reply-to: Your message of Tue, 27 Jul 2004 10:20:51 PDT.
	<010201c473fe$124ab5b0$536115ac@dcml.docomolabsusa.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I read through the protocol drafts and I can't see much difference in the
   technical content. Would the authors like to articulate what the differences
   are?
   
=> a way should be to write a draft with the common part, shouldn't it?

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Wed Jul 28 07:17:46 2004
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From: Tschofenig Hannes <hannes.tschofenig@siemens.com>
To: "'James Kempf'" <kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] Protocol Drafts - What's different.
Date: Wed, 28 Jul 2004 13:16:42 +0200
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hi james, 

with <draft-eronen-mobike-simple-00.txt> we tried to raise the need for a
nat traversal support. during the last ietf meeting we noticed that other
people have a different view about this issue.  

ciao
hannes
 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: James Kempf [mailto:kempf@docomolabs-usa.com] 
> Sent: Tuesday, July 27, 2004 7:21 PM
> To: MOBIKE Mailing List
> Subject: [Mobike] Protocol Drafts - What's different.
> 
> I read through the protocol drafts and I can't see much 
> difference in the technical content. Would the authors like 
> to articulate what the differences are?
> 
>                 jak
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Wed Jul 28 11:58:50 2004
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Protocol Drafts - What's different.
Date: Wed, 28 Jul 2004 18:58:06 +0300
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From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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James Kempf wrote:
>=20
> I read through the protocol drafts and I can't see much=20
> difference in the technical content. Would the authors like=20
> to articulate what the differences are?

I hope this kind of stuff will be included in protocol
presentations at San Diego. But here's a short list
of some differences (which is sort of biased, and probably=20
contains several errors due to my misunderstanding of=20
various protocol details).

Window size requirements
 =20
   mopo-ike, smobike: Work with window size 1, even if something=20
   else, such as an information exchange for dead peer detection=20
   or rekeying a child SA was going on when mobility occured.

   addrmgmt: Probably does not work with window size 1, since=20
   return routability is verified using a separate informational=20
   exchange before updating SAs.

   mobike-protocol: Seems to work with window size 1, since the
   informational exchange to verify return routability is done=20
   after the SAs have been updated.

NAT behavior

   mopo-ike: Works in many situations: moving behind NAT enables=20
   NAT traversal (UDP encapsulation, automatic address updates=20
   and keepalives) and moving back to clear disables them.

   smobike: Works in many sitations, but differently. Moving=20
   behind NAT enables UDP encapsulation and keepalives; moving=20
   back disables them. Automatic address updates are always used.

   mobike-protocol, addrmgmt: Do not work with NATs.

When A changes its address, and B has several addresses:
 =20
   addrmgmt: Seems to assume that B's address stays the same?

   mopo-ike: Provides a way to find out which of B's addresses=20
   work with the new address of A.

   mobike-protocol, smobike: Seem to assume that A already knows=20
   which of B's addresses is the right one to use?
 =20
If there is no response to an IKE request, and both parties have
several addresses (so it is not clear which end is having problems):

   mopo-ike: Provides a way for the parties to locate the problem.

   addrmgmt, smobike: Seem to assume the information is obtained=20
   in some other, unspecified way?

   mobike-protocol: There is some support for testing addresses,
   but it cannot always locate the problem without additional
   information obtained in some unspecified way?

Scope of address updates:

   mopo-ike/smobike/mobike-protocol: All child SAs are updated=20
   at the same time.=20

   addrmgmt: Updating individual child SAs is possible.

(In some cases, it is not totally clear to me what the situation
is, since the drafts are not very detailed --- but that's quite=20
understandable, since most of them are -00 versions.)

Cheers,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Thu Jul 29 04:51:52 2004
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com
Subject: Re: [Mobike] Protocol Drafts - What's different. 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 28 Jul 2004 18:58:06 +0300.
	<052E0C61B69C3741AFA5FE88ACC775A60227C144@esebe023.ntc.nokia.com> 
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   Window size requirements
     
=> if you speak about the IKE message window, there are two windows,
one for each way (i.e., one for each peer as the initiator of
the exchange). Without two windows simultaneous exchanges could
give deadlocks and/or spurious retransmissions.

      addrmgmt: Probably does not work with window size 1, since 
      return routability is verified using a separate informational 
      exchange before updating SAs.
   
=> the optional RR check uses the other way...

   NAT behavior
   
      mobike-protocol, addrmgmt: Do not work with NATs.
   
=> and nothing will be done to change this if the WG still believes
interoperability with NATs is not useful.

   When A changes its address, and B has several addresses:
     
      addrmgmt: Seems to assume that B's address stays the same?
   
=> the answer is simple: B is supposed to manage its addresses.
Note that the addrmgmt provides a way for A to change the B address too
but it is not the standard way.
     
   If there is no response to an IKE request, and both parties have
   several addresses (so it is not clear which end is having problems):
   
      addrmgmt, smobike: Seem to assume the information is obtained 
      in some other, unspecified way?
   
=> yes, this is supposed to be done by the generic mobility/multi-homing/etc
control mechanism.
   
   Scope of address updates:
   
      addrmgmt: Updating individual child SAs is possible.
   
=> IMHO this is the main difference: the idea is to manage all the IPsec
SAs between two multi-homed peers using different peer addresses from
one IKE SA.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Protocol Drafts - What's different. 
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>       mobike-protocol, addrmgmt: Do not work with NATs.
>
> => and nothing will be done to change this if the WG still believes
> interoperability with NATs is not useful.
>

Is that really what the WG believes? Given that the base IKEv2 protocol
includes NAT support, it seems a little strange to exclude it in MOBIKE.
(Please, no comments about the immorality of NATs. Living in America, I have
to suffer enough of that kind of stuff from the current USG.).

>    Scope of address updates:
>
>       addrmgmt: Updating individual child SAs is possible.
>
> => IMHO this is the main difference: the idea is to manage all the IPsec
> SAs between two multi-homed peers using different peer addresses from
> one IKE SA.
>

Actually, I like this. It might be very useful for multihoming. The only
issue is if updating individual child SAs is always necessary, or if they
can be updated en masse.

            jak


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Date: Thu, 29 Jul 2004 20:37:58 +0300
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James Kempf wrote:
>>      mobike-protocol, addrmgmt: Do not work with NATs.
>>
>>=> and nothing will be done to change this if the WG still believes
>>interoperability with NATs is not useful.
>>
> 
> 
> Is that really what the WG believes? Given that the base IKEv2 protocol
> includes NAT support, it seems a little strange to exclude it in MOBIKE.
> (Please, no comments about the immorality of NATs. Living in America, I have
> to suffer enough of that kind of stuff from the current USG.).

Francis said "_if_ the WG still believes".

Anyway, I think our meeting in Seoul plus discussions on
the list seem to say that people *do* care about NATs.

But the issue may be more about what we can do than what we
want to do. I'm not sure we fully understand the interaction
between mobike and nat-t yet. Or at least I do not personally
feel that understand it well enough. I hope that Tero and
Francis can talk about this in the meeting.

--Jari
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At 8:37 PM +0300 7/29/04, Jari Arkko wrote:
>Anyway, I think our meeting in Seoul plus discussions on
>the list seem to say that people *do* care about NATs.

Agree.

>But the issue may be more about what we can do than what we
>want to do. I'm not sure we fully understand the interaction
>between mobike and nat-t yet.

Agree.

>  Or at least I do not personally
>feel that understand it well enough. I hope that Tero and
>Francis can talk about this in the meeting.

That would be great.

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium
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Mohan,

Thank you for this draft! It does show one simple way
of authenticating NAT-based addresses.

A couple of comments and/or questions:

>    The solution described in this document may not work with all NAT  
>    devices. It assumes that Network address Port Translation (NAPT) is  
>    used by the NAT device. It also does not work with multiple NAPT  
>    devices in the path. The solution is mainly targeted for SOHO type  
>    environments where there is a NAPT with public address on one side  
>    and a DHCP server to allocate private addresses on the other side.  

We have to discuss how big this limitation is. A NAT at the
ISP and another NAT at the home WLAN/router/firewall box
is a common configuration.

OTOH, it seems that your solution *could* work even across
multiple NAPT devices, as long as the host can learn the
true public IP address. For instance, if my ISP sends a
DHCP option to my home box about the public IP address, then
my home box can do NAT and send this same option to the hosts
in my home network.

> 4.0 DHCP option  
>   
>    This option is used to indicate the presence of NAT in the network by  
>    including the public address of the NAT. The option SHOULD be  
>    included by the DHCP server in the DHCPACK packet if there is a NAT  
>    present in the network and the public address of the NAT is known.  
>    The format of the option is as follows.  

I wonder if there's a chicken and egg problem here. Remember that
we started from wanting to authenticate addresses, including those
inserted by NATs. Now, the only simple way I see the DHCP server
can know the address is that it is in the same box as the NAT is.

This means that you'll be trusting the information from the NAT
box, through DHCP. But the NAT could still lie.

Of course, this does help in the sense that now only your home
NAT box can lie about your address, not anyone else on the path.

>      5) The peer on receiving the MOBIKE address update packet verifies  
>         that the public address in the payload matches the address on  
>         the IP header. If not, it drops the packet as it implies that  

Besides DHCP, you could use also other local information to
ensure that rogue "NATs" do not change your addresses. For instance,
you could dynamically discover the IP address after a movement,
but not accept any new public addresses later unless you move.

--Jari
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Sat Jul 31 19:09:10 2004
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Jari,

Thanks for your comments. My comments in-line...

> 
> Thank you for this draft! It does show one simple way
> of authenticating NAT-based addresses.
> 
> A couple of comments and/or questions:
> 
> >    The solution described in this document may not work with all NAT  
> >    devices. It assumes that Network address Port Translation (NAPT) is  
> >    used by the NAT device. It also does not work with multiple NAPT  
> >    devices in the path. The solution is mainly targeted for SOHO type  
> >    environments where there is a NAPT with public address on one side  
> >    and a DHCP server to allocate private addresses on the other side.  
> 
> We have to discuss how big this limitation is. A NAT at the
> ISP and another NAT at the home WLAN/router/firewall box
> is a common configuration.
> 
Agreed. But there may be other mechanisms to learn the NAT bindings.
For example, there might be other applications on the node that uses
STUN to learn the NAT bindings. One could potentially learn the
NAT binding and use it across all applications including IKE. STUN
does provide some security, but we need to understand it a bit more. 
If someone can forge the address during this process, then we can't
prevent the 3rd party bombing attack. Also, this might introduce additional
latency. Perhaps, still better than re-negotiating a new SA.

> OTOH, it seems that your solution *could* work even across
> multiple NAPT devices, as long as the host can learn the
> true public IP address. For instance, if my ISP sends a
> DHCP option to my home box about the public IP address, then
> my home box can do NAT and send this same option to the hosts
> in my home network.
> 
Yes. That should be possible. I was too biased about the setup i have
at home :-)

> > 4.0 DHCP option  
> >   
> >    This option is used to indicate the presence of NAT in the network by  
> >    including the public address of the NAT. The option SHOULD be  
> >    included by the DHCP server in the DHCPACK packet if there is a NAT  
> >    present in the network and the public address of the NAT is known.  
> >    The format of the option is as follows.  
> 
> I wonder if there's a chicken and egg problem here. Remember that
> we started from wanting to authenticate addresses, including those
> inserted by NATs. Now, the only simple way I see the DHCP server
> can know the address is that it is in the same box as the NAT is.
> 
Agreed. We should still try to explore other ways as i described above.

> This means that you'll be trusting the information from the NAT
> box, through DHCP. But the NAT could still lie.
> 
> Of course, this does help in the sense that now only your home
> NAT box can lie about your address, not anyone else on the path.
> 
Yes, the whole thing hinges on how securely you can learn
the address to begin with.
 
> >      5) The peer on receiving the MOBIKE address update packet verifies  
> >         that the public address in the payload matches the address on  
> >         the IP header. If not, it drops the packet as it implies that  
> 
> Besides DHCP, you could use also other local information to
> ensure that rogue "NATs" do not change your addresses. For instance,
> you could dynamically discover the IP address after a movement,
> but not accept any new public addresses later unless you move.
> 
Yes, that should add some robustness.

Thanks
mohan

> --Jari
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
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