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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: mobike@machshav.com
Date: Mon, 01 Aug 2005 14:58:14 +0200
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Subject: [Mobike] about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt
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Some comments about draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt:
 - IMHO the WG should pay (again) more attention to its charter: multihoming
   support is in it and to mention multihoming just before explaining
   it has nothing to do with the main scenario (and in fact with the
   document) is not right. So please really fix the Abstract!
 - motivation 2nd paragraph: the "another example" is a very limited
   view of what multihoming support needs. I'd like to see the mobike
   protocol supporting simultaneous multiple peer addresses.
   (I use the term "peer address" from pki4ipsec documents because it
    could not confused with addresses in traffic selectors).
 - in 2.1 the NAT_XXX_IP notifications are mandatory because it is the way
   the IP addresses in the IP header can be protected against en route
   modification (what I called the transient NAT attack). As the
   NAT_DETECTION_* could be interpreted as NAT-T is supported the
   NAT prevention stuff was introduced... This doesn't matter as soon as
   the IP addresses which will become the initial peer addresses are
   reflected in an integrity check.
 - in 2.2 why the ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS are limited to IKE_AUTH?
   (2.4 is too far, please add a pointer to it)
 - IMHO we need the capability to remove addresses too. Some care should
   be taken if we remove all or "important" addresses.
   (same: pointer to 2.4)
 - 2.2 is enough to make the transport mode with mobike I-D applicable,
   so we should progress it?
 - in 2.3 the SPD entries have to be updated too or expired SAs will be
   renewed with wrong addresses.
 - in 2.3 it should be clearer that NAT_XXX notifications are mandatory.
 - the link between 2.2 and 2.3 is not explained because the new addresses
   are taken from the IP header. BTW I am afraid the main scenario is the
   only supported scenario as a consequence...
 - another limitation of 2.3 is it cannot update selectively a subset
   of SAs: again a case only is handled!
 - in 2.4 the case where there is a UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES before should be
   explained. I propose to explain that the current peer addresses are
   IKE_SA parameters and the UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES echange defines their
   initial values.
 - the address update by the responder is a bit complex. It seems to
   work but I am afraid it should be hard to explain, so I'd like to get
   a simpler mechanism (IMHO this is again a symptom of mobility vs
   multihoming problem of the document).
 - 2.7 is not sound with 2.3 (IMHO the problem is in the wording because
   the way a NAT_PREVENTION can be associated with a UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES
   is clear but is not as described in 2.7). BTW I agree with the TBD (:-).
 - section 4 misses one of the mobility specific points: the initiator
   peer address (the MN care-of address) is dynamic/unknown so could not
   be verified by the responder (VPN server). This is why the protection
   performed by NAT_XXX notifications are necessary (BTW I have no concern
   to make it mandatory even in pure multihoming cases).
 - the fact the ingress filtering works for UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES because
   the new addresses are from the IP header should be mentioned (as
   a justification of this choice or as a point-to-solve if the choice
   will be changed).
 - requires != SHOULD. BTW I am against the idea to make MOBIKE less
   efficient than mobility just because of the FUD of third party
   flooding attacks.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Aug 03 05:01:16 2005
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Subject: [Mobike] Presentation slides
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Current snapshots of slides are now available from:

http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_agenda.ppt
http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_protocol.ppt
http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_issues.ppt
http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_design.ppt

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Aug 03 08:23:14 2005
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Presentation slides
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The audio streaming of the MOBIKE session is not very good. Could
somebody please look into it. I am trying to listen in remotely.

Thanks,
Atul

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, August 03, 2005 5:01 AM
> To: mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: [Mobike] Presentation slides
>=20
>=20
> Current snapshots of slides are now available from:
>=20
> http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_agenda.ppt
> http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_protocol.ppt
> http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_issues.ppt
> http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_design.ppt
>=20
> Best regards,
> Pasi
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>=20
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Aug 04 03:27:58 2005
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This is the liaison statement I mentioned during the WG=20
meeting yesterday:

https://datatracker.ietf.org/documents/LIAISON/file160.pdf

Best regards,
Pasi
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Presentation slides
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I've now uploaded the final versions of the protocol and issues
presentations (I don't think there were any changes in the=20
agenda or design ones).

Best regards,
Pasi

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com]
> Sent: Wednesday, August 03, 2005 12:01 PM
> To: mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: [Mobike] Presentation slides
>=20
>=20
> Current snapshots of slides are now available from:
>=20
> http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_agenda.ppt
> http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_protocol.ppt
> http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_issues.ppt
> http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_design.ppt
>=20
> Best regards,
> Pasi
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>=20
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Paul's wrap-up slide is now available, too:

http://www.vpnc.org/ietf-mobike/Paris-05/ietf63_mobike_wrapup.ppt

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Aug 04 06:02:20 2005
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Subject: [Mobike] MOBIKE summary
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The MOBIKE WG is working towards its goal of enabling
movements and simultaneous connectivity in IKEv2-based
VPNs. In May, we reached an agreement on all of our major
design decisions, and in June the protocol specification came
out as a WG draft. We received a number of in-depth reviews
prior to IETF-63, and much of the feedback was reflected in
a revised specification that come out in July.  We spent most
of the time in this week's meeting to discuss the technical issues
that had not yet been addressed. It seemed that we have
consensus on the way forward for most of the simple issues.
One big issue still remains to be solved, relating to one
detail around MOBIKE's interaction with NAT traversal.
(We were told that this issue can affect as many as 20
lines of code, so the debate will no doubt continue on
the list.)

We expect the MOBIKE protocol specification to go to
WGLC in September, and be sent to the IESG prior to
IETF-64. The next weeks will be spent on the list
to confirm the consensus from the meeting, to close
the remaining issues, address some new reviews that
we received and for additional review. Reviewers
for this protocol are also sought from the rest of the
SEC area. If you want to have an impact on the protocol,
this would be a good time to read the spec.

Separately, our protocol design considerations document
is tracking the discussion, and will come out a little behind
the protocol itself. We expect that it is done before the
next IETF as well.

We also have gotten our first inter-WG dependency
for MOBIKE within the IETF, and received a liason
statement from the 3GPP2 stating an interest
in our solution.

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Subject: [Mobike] Issue 37: Move MOBIKE_SUPPORTED to IKE_AUTH
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(This issue was brought up during the meeting.)

It might be a good idea to move the MOBIKE_SUPPORTED payload from its
current place (IKE_SA_INIT) to IKE_AUTH.

This would allow per-user policy on whether use of MOBIKE is allowed
or not, and it would help in fragmentation concerns (fragmenting
IKE_SA_INIT is bad, fragmenting other messages less so).

There doesn't seem to be any good reasons not do this (we don't seem
to have any functionality that would need to know about MOBIKE already
in IKE_SA_INIT phase).

Several people supported this change in the meeting (and nobody
opposed it), so unless anyone on the mailing list objects, I'll move
the payload to IKE_AUTH in version -02 (in case of multiple IKE_AUTH
exchanges, the messages containing the SA payloads, like most other
things).

Best regards,
Pasi
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Aug 10 11:23:15 2005
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Greetings again. Sorry for getting these to the list late; I have been
travelling since Paris.

--Paul Hoffman


MOBIKE WG meeting
Wednesday August 3, 2005, Paris
Notes taken by Lakshminath Dondeti and Maureen Stillman,
   combined by Paul Hoffman

Introductory talk

	Jari A: In May we resolved design issues. Pasi wrote a protocol
	draft according to decisions made; it was reviewed and revised
	version has been submitted.

	Related documents are here FYI:

	* devarapalli-mip4-mobike-connectivity -- MIPv4 approved WG (not
	MOBIKE) item. Discussed in 3GPP, especially in relation to 3GPP-WLAN
	interconnection May need liaison planning. Good to review in MOBIKE
	also.

	Paul H: we should coordinate with MIPv4 list. Pasi E: There is a
	discussion underway in that group.

	* dupont-mobike-transport Paul H: Please review, and we'll discuss
	within a reasonable time

	Paul H: It's fine to talk about non-WG documents as long as they
	don't block WG doc progress. There are several other drafts like the
	above two.  Please see the agenda slides.

Pasi E on MOBIKE-Protocol-01:

	(see the slides)

MOBIKE easy issues (Pasi Eronen):

	21, 25, 29 are Editorial
	
	26 Window size and latest update counter
	
	Word "path" now used only in senses that include the route
	
	23 : Separate payload types
	
	30 : Protocol ID in notifications (to be in sync with the
	ikev2-clarifications document)
	
	24 NAT prevention needs clarification and a better name
	
		Jari A.: Let's make some progress here by coming with some
		decisions and we can get those confirmed on the list.
	
		Francis D: dependency on 22
	  
	35, Version number (Skip the complexity now!)
	
	37: Move MOBIKE supported notification from IKEv2_SA_INIT to AUTH
	exchange
	
		Allows per user policy about whether MOBIKE is allowed
	
		Hannes: less fragmentation risk if added to AUTH
	
		Jari A: Clarification req: 
	
		Tero:  Can't fragment the first packet, because can't do
		stateless IKEv2 exchange.  Let's keep IKEv2_SA_INIT packet very
		small and allow the stateless feature to be continued to be
		supported. NAT-T may make the notification even larger.
	
		Seems like there is consensus on this.
	
	36: Unacceptable addresses.
	
		Receiver might not know which address set was acceptable
	
		Jari A: I had different thoughts on the list, but it is
		clarified now and I am ok with this.
	
		Pasi: This is a corner case anyway
	
	27: Security and path testing
	
		Sec considerations section needs text on path testing
	
		Dependent on issue 34
	
	Consensus calls: 35, 37 (Lakshminath: add comments from Tero as
	text) and 36 mostly yes and no hands on oppose. All will be repeated
	on the list.
	
	22: close the issue, misunderstanding (Hannes)

MOBIKE issue 34 (Pasi Eronen):

	(see the slides!) Discussion in the room:
	
	Current protocol just does what IKEv2 NAT traversal does
	
	This is another place where we upgrade a MAY to a MUST in IKE v2
	
	Terminals that are totally idle sending keep alives consumes energy
	
	Should we ask the BEHAVE WG anything? (Paul H says no, emphatically)

	Only 2 people in the room have done an implementation with this

	Suggestion: never time out; wait until you are under attack
	
	When added to IKEv2, it was a corner case
	if you care about it you implement the SHOULD
	if you don't care then you don't implement the SHOULD
	
	Path test is valuable independent of this issue. It is clear we need
	this path testing feature regardless of this issue.
	
	Relationship to Path test
	
		with approach 1
			there are more of these time periods ->
			more need of separate exchange
			if you want to do NAT detection in path testing ->
			need separate exchange
		
		with approach 3
			fewer of these time periods
	
	summary:
		approach 1 and 3 both work
		both have pros and cons
	
	Tero agreed to write the summary to the list and send them 
	
	Want to see more discussion on the list;
	security considerations for the path test exchange
	
	Sense of how we support this corner case; do we want to drop it?
	We know it will happen if the NAT rebooted or change mapping for
	some reason
	
	Ask on the list about implentations IKEv1 or IKEv2
	
Next steps (Jari A)

	get rough consensus on technical issues
	fix security considerations
	clarify role of multihoming

	3GPP2 has sent a liaison statement; we need to respond to it

Design document (Hannes)

	mobike design 03
	
	document update for this IETF
	changed lots of text and organization
	
	Difficult to follow the whole story; moved text to make it easier
	to understand
	
	missing pieces
	
	selecting address (issue #20)

	more details in the security consideration section
	
	add design rationale for some issues that arise
	
	readability - better structure for the doc -- new outline
	
	Paul H: this tracks the IKEv2 clarifications document and can get
	to the IESG after the protocol document (not by long)
	People seem to like that
	
Way forward (Jari A and Paul H)

	Close all open issues on the protocol document
	We want to finish for real by September 15
	
	Then have WG last call
	
	At the same time as WG last call for the protocol finish the design
	document
	
	Read the docs now; don't wait.
 
_______________________________________________
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Subject: [Mobike] Slides from the meeting
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A temporary pointer of the proceedings with the slides from the WG 
meeting last week can be found at 
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/proceeding_interim.cgi?meeting_num=63>

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Aug 15 14:12:40 2005
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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Subject: [Mobike] confirming consensus on issues from Paris
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In the Paris IETF we had a set of smaller issues and one
bigger issue. It seemed like we agreed on the smaller
issues in the meeting, but promised to confirm this on
the mailing list. This e-mail summarizes the proposals
and calls for people to voice additions or objections,
if any. If you agree with what we concluded in the
meeting, you don't need to respond.

The issues were:

Issue 22: NAT preventation name. The current name
of the payload is NAT_PREVENTION, which has led
people to believe that we're actually disabling NATs.
Unfortunately, we can only achieve the detection of
a NAT and refuse to operate over such a link. The
proposal is to change the name of the payload (and
the corresponding error) to more descriptive ones.
I believe we can leave the details to the editor,
but names such as NO_NAT_POLICY and DISALLOW_NATS
have been suggested.

Issue 24: This is a duplicate of issue 22.

Issue 35: Version numbers -- the proposal that we
came up with in the meeting was that if we move the
mobike-supported negotiation to the second pair of
messages (see issue 37), then the length of the messages
is not such an issue. As a result, we can use plain payload
without a version number.

Issue 36: Unacceptable addresses. There are cases
where the initiator does not know which one of the
retransmitted requests was really the one seen by the
responder and resulted in the unacceptable address
error. Pasi's solution for this is to send a new request
in this (corner) case.

Issue 37: Move MOBIKE supported notification from
IKEv2_SA_INIT to AUTH exchange. Lessens the
fragmentation problem, and allows also per-use
mobike usage policy.

Issue 27: I'll send a separate e-mail about this,
as text is needed.

Issue 34:  ---"---, as more discussion may be needed.

Pasi's meeting slides for the issue discussion and
minutes can be found from
  http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/05aug/slides/mobike-2.pdf
  http://www.machshav.com/pipermail/mobike/2005-August/000912.html

Please respond by Monday 22nd August.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Aug 16 07:14:38 2005
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Subject: [Mobike] issue 27 -- security for path testing
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This issue relates to the lack of security considerations
text on path testing. In Paris we decided, obviously
enough, that more text would be needed and that
the actual text would depend on the resolution to issue
34, how path testing is actually done.

In an effort to speed the process up a bit, I wrote
the below text suggestions that correspond to the
different outcomes of issue 34.

The first text suggestion (A) is what we would use if
we continue to use the path testing scheme in -01.
That is, the path test messages are unprotected.

The next text suggestion (B) is what we would use if
we adopt Tero's path testing scheme where the
test messages are regular IKEv2 Informational
exchanges.

Finally, there are some common text changes (C) that
are needed in any case.

Please comment.

--Jari

Change A
======

Add a new paragraph at the end of Section 4:

  MOBIKE also employs its own path test messages
  and can only provide limited protection for them. Specifically,
  these messages are sent outside the protection of the IKE
  SA and can therefore be spoofed, modified, or read. However,
  MOBIKE initiators do not use these messages beyond confirming
  that a sent message gets a response and finding out the
  characteristics of the path (addresses and NATs).  MOBIKE
  responders do not use these messages at all, beyond
  blindly responding to them.

  A cookie mechanism ensures that attackers cannot send a response
  blindly without seeing a request first. Nevertheless, on-path
  attackers can intercept legitimate requests and responses,
  and either prevent them from reaching the destination,
  carrying them to the destination even across networks that
  would not let other packets through, or modify NAT behaviour
  enroute. As a result, these attacks may lead to denial-of-service.
  Note that denial-of-service is typically possible for on-path
  attackers even without the MOBIKE messages, e.g., by blocking
  IKE messages.

Change B
======

Add a new paragraph at the end of Section 4:

  MOBIKE also employs its own path test messages
  and can only provide limited protection for them. Specifically,
  while these messages are protected by the IKE SA, the
  relevant information in these messages is mainly in the
  unprotected parts such as the IP header, and can therefore
  be spoofed, modified, or read. MOBIKE initiators do not
  use these messages beyond confirming
  that a sent message gets a response and finding out the
  characteristics of the path (addresses and NATs).  MOBIKE
  responders do not use these messages at all, beyond
  blindly responding to them.

  A cookie mechanism ensures that attackers cannot send a response
  blindly without seeing a request first. Nevertheless, on-path
  attackers can intercept legitimate requests and responses,
  and either prevent them from reaching the destination,
  carrying them to the destination even across networks that
  would not let other packets through, or modify NAT behaviour
  enroute. As a result, these attacks may lead to denial-of-service.
  Note that denial-of-service is typically possible for on-path
  attackers even without the MOBIKE messages, e.g., by blocking
  IKE messages.

Common Changes C
=============

In Section 4 we have the following text:

   Spoofing indications related to network connectivity

         Attackers may also spoof various indications from lower layers
         and the network in an effort to confuse the peers about which
         addresses are or are not working.  For example, attackers may
         spoof ICMP error messages in an effort to cause the parties to
         move their traffic elsewhere or even to disconnect.  Attackers
         may also spoof information related to network attachments,
         router discovery, and address assignments in an effort to make
         the parties believe they have Internet connectivity when in
         reality they do not.

         This may cause use of non-preferred addresses or even denial-
         of-service.

Add the following to the end of the second paragraph:

        Finally, attackers may spoof information related to the path
        test messages employed by MOBIKE itself.

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Aug 16 09:04:38 2005
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Subject: [Mobike] issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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I'd like to open discussion on this issue. Please read
the slides and notes from

 http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/05aug/slides/mobike-2.pdf
 http://www.machshav.com/pipermail/mobike/2005-August/000912.html

and post your thoughts on this issue. As far as I can
determine, we are primarily discussing two alternatives:

Alt 1: The approach in -01 which retains what IKEv2 does
when NAT mappings change. I.e., there's a SHOULD in the
IKEv2 spec that allows implementations to update mappings
based on what they see happening for the UDP-encapsulated
ESP packets.

Alt 3: Tero's approach, which says not to use this feature
in IKEv2 when MOBIKE is employed, and instead relies on
periodic IKE probes.

Based on the discussion in IETF-63, it seems that both
approaches work, but the tradeoffs are mainly in the
area of ease of implementation vs. pressure to decrease
probing/keepalive intervals.

We do know that there are some (even if few) implementations
of IKEv1/v2 that employ the ESP-based check. Similarly, some other
implementations aren't doing it.

Note also that we need to keep in mind what the requirement
level for this feature is or will be. If its not a MUST, this means
that whatever bad effect there may be (implementation diffuculties
or additional messaging), you do NOT have to suffer from that
unless you also need to support this feature.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Aug 16 11:46:51 2005
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Thread-Topic: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Subject: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Hmm... I think both alternatives 1 and 3 have good arguments for them.

>From implementation point of view, alternative 1 (IKEv2 NAT-T) places
implementation complexity in the peer outside NAT (typically VPN
gateway), while in alternative 3 the peer behind NAT (e.g., VPN
client) does most of the work. The latter would perhaps be more=20
consistent with the "initiator decides" approach (and seems "nicer"=20
in other ways, too). My only concern with it is that it could result=20
in non-insignificant increase of IKEv2 exchanges for the responder...=20
(if people who care about NAT mapping changes start lowering the=20
threshold "X" for doing DPD).

On the other hand, a gateway that is worried about this increase does
have ways of preventing the peer from doing unnecessary DPD.  For
instance, if it's currently receiving packets from the peer, but not
sending anything (because it hasn't received anything from the network
"behind the gateway"), it could send "dummy" (TFC padding only) ESP
packets every now and then. If these reach the peer (behind NAT),
it will know the gateway is still alive and NAT mapping OK, so it=20
would not do DPD unnecessarily.

Specification-wise, alternative 3 would be quite simple. It looks like
the main addition would be that implementations that support NAT-T can
include NAT_DETECTION_* payloads in any Informational request (and if
they're included in the request, the responder must also include them
in the response, but no other action is necessarily taken).  This
allows the initiator to detect when a NAT mapping has changed,
and send UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES.

(On the other hand, alternative 1 -- pointing to IKEv2 NAT-T spec --
is quite simple as well...)

Best regards,
Pasi

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@piuha.net]
> Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2005 4:05 PM
> To: MOBIKE Mailing List; Tero Kivinen; Eronen Pasi=20
> (Nokia-NRC/Helsinki)
> Subject: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
>=20
>=20
> I'd like to open discussion on this issue. Please read
> the slides and notes from
>=20
>  http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/05aug/slides/mobike-2.pdf
>  http://www.machshav.com/pipermail/mobike/2005-August/000912.html
>=20
> and post your thoughts on this issue. As far as I can
> determine, we are primarily discussing two alternatives:
>=20
> Alt 1: The approach in -01 which retains what IKEv2 does
> when NAT mappings change. I.e., there's a SHOULD in the
> IKEv2 spec that allows implementations to update mappings
> based on what they see happening for the UDP-encapsulated
> ESP packets.
>=20
> Alt 3: Tero's approach, which says not to use this feature
> in IKEv2 when MOBIKE is employed, and instead relies on
> periodic IKE probes.
>=20
> Based on the discussion in IETF-63, it seems that both
> approaches work, but the tradeoffs are mainly in the
> area of ease of implementation vs. pressure to decrease
> probing/keepalive intervals.
>=20
> We do know that there are some (even if few) implementations
> of IKEv1/v2 that employ the ESP-based check. Similarly, some other
> implementations aren't doing it.
>=20
> Note also that we need to keep in mind what the requirement
> level for this feature is or will be. If its not a MUST, this means
> that whatever bad effect there may be (implementation diffuculties
> or additional messaging), you do NOT have to suffer from that
> unless you also need to support this feature.
>=20
> --Jari
>=20
>=20
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Aug 16 23:28:11 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Pasi,

Sorry if this was discussed at the meeting. I did not understand a couple of things in this mail

1) You mention implementation complexity. I saw some reference to it in the slides if i am not
     mistaken. Also, Jari mentioned something in his mail. Is this general "complexity" of MOBIKE ?
     or something specific to this feature i.e NAT traversal ? Having implemented NAT traversal,
     i don't know how it can be considered complex considering the complexity of IKEv2 itself :-)
     So, i am missing something..

2) Could you clarify how alt.2 increases the IKEv2 messages for the responder ? I understand that
     there is an explicit message to update the address. But you seem to be talking about a different
     thing. So, could you clarify ?

thanks
mohan

----- Original Message ----- 
From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
To: <jari.arkko@piuha.net>; <mobike@machshav.com>; <kivinen@iki.fi>
Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2005 8:46 AM
Subject: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection


Hmm... I think both alternatives 1 and 3 have good arguments for them.

>From implementation point of view, alternative 1 (IKEv2 NAT-T) places
implementation complexity in the peer outside NAT (typically VPN
gateway), while in alternative 3 the peer behind NAT (e.g., VPN
client) does most of the work. The latter would perhaps be more 
consistent with the "initiator decides" approach (and seems "nicer" 
in other ways, too). My only concern with it is that it could result 
in non-insignificant increase of IKEv2 exchanges for the responder... 
(if people who care about NAT mapping changes start lowering the 
threshold "X" for doing DPD).

On the other hand, a gateway that is worried about this increase does
have ways of preventing the peer from doing unnecessary DPD.  For
instance, if it's currently receiving packets from the peer, but not
sending anything (because it hasn't received anything from the network
"behind the gateway"), it could send "dummy" (TFC padding only) ESP
packets every now and then. If these reach the peer (behind NAT),
it will know the gateway is still alive and NAT mapping OK, so it 
would not do DPD unnecessarily.

Specification-wise, alternative 3 would be quite simple. It looks like
the main addition would be that implementations that support NAT-T can
include NAT_DETECTION_* payloads in any Informational request (and if
they're included in the request, the responder must also include them
in the response, but no other action is necessarily taken).  This
allows the initiator to detect when a NAT mapping has changed,
and send UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES.

(On the other hand, alternative 1 -- pointing to IKEv2 NAT-T spec --
is quite simple as well...)

Best regards,
Pasi

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ext Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@piuha.net]
> Sent: Tuesday, August 16, 2005 4:05 PM
> To: MOBIKE Mailing List; Tero Kivinen; Eronen Pasi 
> (Nokia-NRC/Helsinki)
> Subject: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
> 
> 
> I'd like to open discussion on this issue. Please read
> the slides and notes from
> 
>  http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/05aug/slides/mobike-2.pdf
>  http://www.machshav.com/pipermail/mobike/2005-August/000912.html
> 
> and post your thoughts on this issue. As far as I can
> determine, we are primarily discussing two alternatives:
> 
> Alt 1: The approach in -01 which retains what IKEv2 does
> when NAT mappings change. I.e., there's a SHOULD in the
> IKEv2 spec that allows implementations to update mappings
> based on what they see happening for the UDP-encapsulated
> ESP packets.
> 
> Alt 3: Tero's approach, which says not to use this feature
> in IKEv2 when MOBIKE is employed, and instead relies on
> periodic IKE probes.
> 
> Based on the discussion in IETF-63, it seems that both
> approaches work, but the tradeoffs are mainly in the
> area of ease of implementation vs. pressure to decrease
> probing/keepalive intervals.
> 
> We do know that there are some (even if few) implementations
> of IKEv1/v2 that employ the ESP-based check. Similarly, some other
> implementations aren't doing it.
> 
> Note also that we need to keep in mind what the requirement
> level for this feature is or will be. If its not a MUST, this means
> that whatever bad effect there may be (implementation diffuculties
> or additional messaging), you do NOT have to suffer from that
> unless you also need to support this feature.
> 
> --Jari
> 
> 
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Aug 17 01:03:01 2005
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Mohan Parthasarathy wrote:

>Pasi,
>
>Sorry if this was discussed at the meeting. I did not understand a couple of things in this mail
>
>1) You mention implementation complexity. I saw some reference to it in the slides if i am not
>     mistaken. Also, Jari mentioned something in his mail. Is this general "complexity" of MOBIKE ?
>     or something specific to this feature i.e NAT traversal ? Having implemented NAT traversal,
>     i don't know how it can be considered complex considering the complexity of IKEv2 itself :-)
>     So, i am missing something..
>  
>
I guess the main complexity that people were worried about
is that the *ipsec* part needs to detect a changed address
and tell this to the IKE part. This may involve a PFKEY extension,
among other things, and may be hard on a hardware that
does IPsec but does not have this address detection function.

--Jari


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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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On Tue, 2005-08-16 at 09:04, Jari Arkko wrote:
> Alt 1: The approach in -01 which retains what IKEv2 does
> when NAT mappings change. I.e., there's a SHOULD in the
> IKEv2 spec that allows implementations to update mappings
> based on what they see happening for the UDP-encapsulated
> ESP packets.
> 
> Alt 3: Tero's approach, which says not to use this feature
> in IKEv2 when MOBIKE is employed, and instead relies on
> periodic IKE probes.

Assume you're implementing both IKEv2 NAT traversal as well as mobike,
with mobike use being optional.

Either alternative presumably needs a notification from ESP to key
management that NAT-level "motion" has been detected, but alternative 3
also seems to require a "mode bit" in ESP indicating when you should let
ESP handle the address updates and when it should ignore them.

I'd rather avoid that complexity.

						- Bill


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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Aug 18 02:51:47 2005
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:

>Assume you're implementing both IKEv2 NAT traversal as well as mobike,
>with mobike use being optional.
>  
>
A likely case.

>Either alternative presumably needs a notification from ESP to key
>management that NAT-level "motion" has been detected, but alternative 3
>also seems to require a "mode bit" in ESP indicating when you should let
>ESP handle the address updates and when it should ignore them.
>  
>
Yes.

--Jari

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 > >Sorry if this was discussed at the meeting. I did not understand a couple of things in this mail
> >
> >1) You mention implementation complexity. I saw some reference to it in the slides if i am not
> >     mistaken. Also, Jari mentioned something in his mail. Is this general "complexity" of MOBIKE ?
> >     or something specific to this feature i.e NAT traversal ? Having implemented NAT traversal,
> >     i don't know how it can be considered complex considering the complexity of IKEv2 itself :-)
> >     So, i am missing something..
> >  
> >
> I guess the main complexity that people were worried about
> is that the *ipsec* part needs to detect a changed address
> and tell this to the IKE part. This may involve a PFKEY extension,
> among other things, 
>
Linux (2.6) uses netlink sockets for this purpose. The hook is there and the
event does not get generated from IPsec to IKE. But it is trivial to implement.
So, if some one wants to cook up a PF_KEY extension, they can do so
and it should not be a problem. If someone feels that this functionality is needed,
i don't think this is hard to implement. Perhaps, the real reason is nobody
needs it and hence it does not seem to be there. So, i don't agree that this
is complex.

> and may be hard on a hardware that
> does IPsec but does not have this address detection function.
> 
Ok. Again, i am not sure whether the reason it does not exist in hardware today
is because there is a lack of need for it or it is difficult to do it in hardware ?
As VPN gateway most likely will use hardware acceleration and as this
feature does not seem to be present in the hardware, would it not make
sense to use alt.3 ? Note that we can't help with the current IKEv2 NAT
traversal. At least  there is some *reason* (complexity, no hardware support,
 security etc.) why it does not exist today. Perhaps, we can make this work
with MOBIKE if we don't rely on the IKEv2 NAT traversal mechanism.

-mohan



> --Jari
> 
> 
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References: <4301E463.30405@piuha.net> <1124321001.17138.226.camel@thunk>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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> On Tue, 2005-08-16 at 09:04, Jari Arkko wrote:
> > Alt 1: The approach in -01 which retains what IKEv2 does
> > when NAT mappings change. I.e., there's a SHOULD in the
> > IKEv2 spec that allows implementations to update mappings
> > based on what they see happening for the UDP-encapsulated
> > ESP packets.
> > 
> > Alt 3: Tero's approach, which says not to use this feature
> > in IKEv2 when MOBIKE is employed, and instead relies on
> > periodic IKE probes.
> 
> Assume you're implementing both IKEv2 NAT traversal as well as mobike,
> with mobike use being optional.
> 
> Either alternative presumably needs a notification from ESP to key
> management that NAT-level "motion" has been detected, but alternative 3.
>
Why does alternative 3 require this notification ?

> also seems to require a "mode bit" in ESP indicating when you should let
> ESP handle the address updates and when it should ignore them.
> 
> I'd rather avoid that complexity.
> 
Is this not a per-SA bit ? If MOBIKE is used and the bit indicates such, then
don't update the SA and don't send the trigger to IKE if you use alt.3. If NAT
traversal is used and MOBIKE is not used, then update and send trigger.
Why is it complex ? I am missing something.

thanks
mohan

> - Bill
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
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> Mobike@machshav.com
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: [Mobike] confirming consensus on issues from Paris
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Jari Arkko writes:
> Issue 22: NAT preventation name. The current name
> of the payload is NAT_PREVENTION, which has led
> people to believe that we're actually disabling NATs.
> Unfortunately, we can only achieve the detection of
> a NAT and refuse to operate over such a link. The
> proposal is to change the name of the payload (and
> the corresponding error) to more descriptive ones.
> I believe we can leave the details to the editor,
> but names such as NO_NAT_POLICY and DISALLOW_NATS
> have been suggested.

Those names are not very good, but as I cannot think any better...

> Issue 35: Version numbers -- the proposal that we
> came up with in the meeting was that if we move the
> mobike-supported negotiation to the second pair of
> messages (see issue 37), then the length of the messages
> is not such an issue. As a result, we can use plain payload
> without a version number.

The issue 37 will solve this problem, so we can close that if issue 37
decides to move notifications to IKE_AUTH message.

> Issue 36: Unacceptable addresses. There are cases
> where the initiator does not know which one of the
> retransmitted requests was really the one seen by the
> responder and resulted in the unacceptable address
> error. Pasi's solution for this is to send a new request
> in this (corner) case.

Now when I have had some more time to think about this, I think Pasi's
solution is the best. My original proposal (include the addresses in
the notify) might have some issues with NATs, so I think the Pasi's
solution is better.

> Issue 37: Move MOBIKE supported notification from
> IKEv2_SA_INIT to AUTH exchange. Lessens the
> fragmentation problem, and allows also per-use
> mobike usage policy.

Moving the notification solves the issue 35, so I think we should move
the notifications.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: [Mobike] issue 27 -- security for path testing
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Jari Arkko writes:
> Change A
> ======
> 
> Add a new paragraph at the end of Section 4:
> 
>   MOBIKE also employs its own path test messages
>   and can only provide limited protection for them. Specifically,
>   these messages are sent outside the protection of the IKE
>   SA and can therefore be spoofed, modified, or read. However,
>   MOBIKE initiators do not use these messages beyond confirming
>   that a sent message gets a response and finding out the
>   characteristics of the path (addresses and NATs).  MOBIKE
>   responders do not use these messages at all, beyond
>   blindly responding to them.
> 
>   A cookie mechanism ensures that attackers cannot send a response
>   blindly without seeing a request first. Nevertheless, on-path
>   attackers can intercept legitimate requests and responses,
>   and either prevent them from reaching the destination,
>   carrying them to the destination even across networks that
>   would not let other packets through, or modify NAT behaviour
>   enroute. As a result, these attacks may lead to denial-of-service.
>   Note that denial-of-service is typically possible for on-path
>   attackers even without the MOBIKE messages, e.g., by blocking
>   IKE messages.

I do not know if the is belongs to here, but the those path test
messages might also be filtered out by statefull content inspection
devices (firewalls, intrusion detection / prevention systems etc), as
they are not part of any existing IKE SA, and some devices might
consider source IKE SPI being 0 as an attack.

I do know that old NAT boxes used to do IKE SA session tracking based
on the IKE SPIs and they did the demultiplexing of the incoming
packets based on the IKE SPIs instead of ports. This shouldn't be
problem here as we are using port 4500 instead of port 500, and NATs
should not do that on port 4500.

I am just wondering if there is any boxes that filter IKE packets in
that kind of statefull way.

The paragraph above also requires some text about replay attacks, i.e.
stating that each cookie used MUST be unique, and each cookie has only
certain time window and after that it is forgotten, and if packet
having that cookie is later received it must not be accepted. If we
use the path testing inside IKE, then there is message id's taking
care of the replays, thus cookies does not need to be unique, they
simply need to be non-guessable. 

Also in general each cookie is tied to the specific address pair it
was sent to. I.e. if same cookie is used for multiple addresses pairs,
then malious host B can fake an response back from the address where
it actually didn't see the message. This is mostly for B as there we
do need to retransmit the packet to other addresses if we do not get
reply back (and in which case we should restart path testing), but
also for C as this must be taken care of in both cases. 
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Bill Sommerfeld writes:
> Either alternative presumably needs a notification from ESP to key
> management that NAT-level "motion" has been detected, but alternative 3
> also seems to require a "mode bit" in ESP indicating when you should let
> ESP handle the address updates and when it should ignore them.

Not in the ESP, as the ESP is not the one who is going to make the
change anyways. When the ESP notifies the addresses are changed it
need to notify about that to the IKE, and at least in our case the IKE
(usermode policymanager) would be doing that kind of decisions when
to change and how to change, i.e. it would be then sending
notification back to the ESP to ask it to modify the outer addresses.

In case mobike, the usermode policymanager would not send those
notifications, and with normal IKEv2 NAT-T it could send those
(depending on the policy).

If the NAT-T updating is supported, then the change needs to be done
in both ESP and IKE SAs regardless which one of those detect the
change (and depending on the policy). I am pretty much sure that there
are people who want to disable that, or do it only partially (i.e.
only update port, but not address etc) and all this depends on policy.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> Ok. Again, i am not sure whether the reason it does not exist in
> hardware today is because there is a lack of need for it or it is
> difficult to do it in hardware ?

Mostly because it has not been needed before this. And we are now
talking about the IPsec hardware, not just basic crypto hardware.

There is two issues there.

Firstly you need to be able to do the actual update of the outer
tunnel address. I think none of the hardware drivers support APIs for
doing that, and I am not sure if any of the actual hardware support
that. You can probably do it by reading information from old SA,
removing the old SA and install new SA, with new outer address, but
with same SPI, keys, window and sequence number. The problem there is
that hardware might not give ability to read the window and sequence
number from inside the chip.

That feature is needed for mobike anyways, so we need to find solution
for that (might require new hardware, but hopefully hardware driver
updating is enough (depending on the hardware limitations)).

The second case is to get the notifications from the hardware when the
outer IP-numbers do not match the ones configured to the SA. This is
case that is only needed for the NAT-T dynamic updates. I am doubtful
that any current hardware supports that, and I haven't really found
out suitable workaround to be able to emulate that on hardware. It
might require software check for each packet, which might destroy the
hardware speedups... 

> As VPN gateway most likely will use hardware acceleration and as
> this feature does not seem to be present in the hardware, would it
> not make sense to use alt.3 ?

Thats why I am saying alternate 3 is better, as it requires less
changes or updates to the hardware.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Aug 24 12:34:02 2005
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Subject: [Mobike] Dormant Mode?
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So I'd like to raise a possible issue here, namely whether or not Mobike 
should attempt to support dormant mode hosts. I say that it's a "possible" 
issue because, in general, most IETF protocols don't do a very good job 
supporting dormant mode, and it would be entirely consistent to say that 
Mobike doesn't either. But I think the point should at least be raised.

Section 2.4 of draft-ietf-ipsec-ikev2-17.txt (IKEv2 spec) has some guidance 
about connection timers, but there is nothing specific about recommended 
values for timeouts or retransmissions, since, as the document correctly 
notes, this will vary depending on circumstance. Since some mobile hosts can 
actually spend more time in dormant mode than active, for power saving 
purposes, there's a possibility that the IKE SAs will need to be regenerated 
from scratch every time the mobile host comes out of dormant mode, if the 
timeouts are set too short. In addition, if there are any stateful 
middleboxes (proxies, firewalls), the state on them could expire 
prematurely, causing a request incoming through the VPN tunnel gateway to be 
rejected even though the VPN tunnel gateway itself didn't time out the SA.

The basic issue I think that needs addressing is: should Mobike attempt in 
some way to address dormant mode, since, like address changes, it is a 
characteristic of mobile hosts?

Thoughts?

            jak 


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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Aug 24 13:13:45 2005
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Good question.

I think we made a decision earlier on that we will not support
what we called "zero address set" mode, where the client notifies
the other end that its temporarily unreachable. I'd rather not
reopen that discussion.

However, this is not the same as providing a protocol that
is suitable even to peers going dormant. For instance, it might
be an idea to provide specification guidance or even some
informational data over the protocol about the characteristics
of the peer at the other end. This could also be done
as an orthogonal function to the base MOBIKE protocol
exchange.

(Also, we'd probably want to stay away from re-introducing
lifetimes that were removed when going from IKEv1 to IKEv2.)

--Jari

James Kempf wrote:

> So I'd like to raise a possible issue here, namely whether or not 
> Mobike should attempt to support dormant mode hosts. I say that it's a 
> "possible" issue because, in general, most IETF protocols don't do a 
> very good job supporting dormant mode, and it would be entirely 
> consistent to say that Mobike doesn't either. But I think the point 
> should at least be raised.
>
> Section 2.4 of draft-ietf-ipsec-ikev2-17.txt (IKEv2 spec) has some 
> guidance about connection timers, but there is nothing specific about 
> recommended values for timeouts or retransmissions, since, as the 
> document correctly notes, this will vary depending on circumstance. 
> Since some mobile hosts can actually spend more time in dormant mode 
> than active, for power saving purposes, there's a possibility that the 
> IKE SAs will need to be regenerated from scratch every time the mobile 
> host comes out of dormant mode, if the timeouts are set too short. In 
> addition, if there are any stateful middleboxes (proxies, firewalls), 
> the state on them could expire prematurely, causing a request incoming 
> through the VPN tunnel gateway to be rejected even though the VPN 
> tunnel gateway itself didn't time out the SA.
>
> The basic issue I think that needs addressing is: should Mobike 
> attempt in some way to address dormant mode, since, like address 
> changes, it is a characteristic of mobile hosts?
>
> Thoughts?
>
>            jak
>
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>
>

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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Dormant Mode?
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
To: James Kempf <Kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
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On Wed, 2005-08-24 at 12:33, James Kempf wrote:
> So I'd like to raise a possible issue here, namely whether or not Mobike 
> should attempt to support dormant mode hosts. I say that it's a "possible" 
> issue because, in general, most IETF protocols don't do a very good job 
> supporting dormant mode, and it would be entirely consistent to say that 
> Mobike doesn't either. But I think the point should at least be raised.

What, specifically, do you mean by "dormant"?  (I hope we get a generic
definition which covers both the "phone" space and the "laptop" space,
which appear to do power management very differently...)

This could be conceptually similar to/related to the "no active
addresses" mode we discussed early in the life of the WG.  I liked it
but it didn't get much traction at the time for reasons I didn't fully
understand.

					- Bill


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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Aug 24 13:29:34 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Dormant Mode?
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> What, specifically, do you mean by "dormant"?  (I hope we get a generic
> definition which covers both the "phone" space and the "laptop" space,
> which appear to do power management very differently...)
>

I think for purposes of Mobike, dormant mode could be defined as the mobile 
host will not be originating any packets for some period of time, including 
responses to IKEv2 probes, in order to preserve power but is still reachable 
at one of the addresses should any packets be incoming. Gratiutious packets 
should therefore be avoided.

> This could be conceptually similar to/related to the "no active
> addresses" mode we discussed early in the life of the WG.  I liked it
> but it didn't get much traction at the time for reasons I didn't fully
> understand.
>

No, I don't think "no active addresses" would properly characterize it. The 
host is still prepared to take incoming packets at one of the addresses its 
got (like for example an incoming phone call).

A deeper mode might be "no active addresses", in which the host either is 
turned off for the night, or isn't prepared to take any incoming packets, 
for even more power saving.

I think this behavior spans phones and laptops, the difference between the 
two is what happens to packets that come while the mobile host is in dormant 
mode. With laptops (802.11), the AP buffers them then delivers them when the 
laptop periodically wakes up and polls. With phones, the RNC gets on the 
paging channel and pages the mobile, then delivers the packets when the 
mobile wakes up and re-connects.

            jak 


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James Kempf wrote:

> No, I don't think "no active addresses" would properly characterize 
> it. The host is still prepared to take incoming packets at one of the 
> addresses its got (like for example an incoming phone call).
>
> A deeper mode might be "no active addresses", in which the host either 
> is turned off for the night, or isn't prepared to take any incoming 
> packets, for even more power saving.
>
> I think this behavior spans phones and laptops, the difference between 
> the two is what happens to packets that come while the mobile host is 
> in dormant mode. With laptops (802.11), the AP buffers them then 
> delivers them when the laptop periodically wakes up and polls. With 
> phones, the RNC gets on the paging channel and pages the mobile, then 
> delivers the packets when the mobile wakes up and re-connects.

Or informs the device on a signaling channel, forcing the device
to wake up.

In any case, its useful to avoid extra packets over wireless. NAT
traversal and its keepalives are btw probably a big contributor
here. Some of us have talked about adaptive keepalive behaviours,
but I'm not sure yet if that is technically possible.

--Jari

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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Dormant Mode?
From: Bill Sommerfeld <sommerfeld@sun.com>
To: James Kempf <Kempf@docomolabs-usa.com>
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On Wed, 2005-08-24 at 13:29, James Kempf wrote:
> I think for purposes of Mobike, dormant mode could be defined as the mobile 
> host will not be originating any packets for some period of time, including 
> responses to IKEv2 probes, in order to preserve power but is still reachable 
> at one of the addresses should any packets be incoming. Gratiutious packets 
> should therefore be avoided.

my (somewhat dated, and admittedly limited) experience with demand-dial
ppp connections leads me to believe that the definition of "gratuitous"
is often highly user-specific and/or application-specific; if we go down
this path, will we end up with nodes exchanging specially-marked
selector sets describing the equivalent of the pppd "active-filter"?

> A deeper mode might be "no active addresses", in which the host either is 
> turned off for the night, or isn't prepared to take any incoming packets, 
> for even more power saving.

ok, that's what I thought you meant by "dormant" earlier.

In any event, if we create an operating mode in which NAT keepalives are
no longer sent, then that will, IMHO, be more-or-less equivalent to a
no-address-mode scheme --- if you suspend NAT keepalives for longer than
the NAT's idle-session-destruction timer, you'll essentially lose
incoming connectivity to the side which is behind that NAT it reasserts
its presence.

					- Bill



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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Wed Aug 24 15:09:02 2005
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Bill Sommerfeld wrote:

>In any event, if we create an operating mode in which NAT keepalives are
>no longer sent, then that will, IMHO, be more-or-less equivalent to a
>no-address-mode scheme --- if you suspend NAT keepalives for longer than
>the NAT's idle-session-destruction timer, you'll essentially lose
>incoming connectivity to the side which is behind that NAT it reasserts
>its presence.
>  
>
I'd prefer not to do this. But there may be a way to do
this without losing connectivity. Say, you open up another
UDP-level "connection" through the same pair of addresses,
and start increasing keepalive on that connection; when you
see a port/address change you record the last working keepalive
interval and use half of that as your regular IKE keepalive.
This scheme has a number of drawbacks, including the
assumption that NAT keepalive periods are static and that
it would have to be rerun every time you move. Perhaps
some of the other communities that have a need for NAT
traversal capability have found better solutions. Anyone?

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Aug 25 06:03:23 2005
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Tero Kivinen wrote:

>Thats why I am saying alternate 3 is better, as it requires less
>changes or updates to the hardware.
>  
>
One could also support ESP-based updates on devices
that can do this, and say "this feature is not supported"
on others -- we are still talking about a corner case.
But people may have different opinions as to how
important support for this is under all circumstances.

--Jari

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Tero Kivinen wrote:

>Jari Arkko writes:
>  
>
>>Change A
>>======
>>
>>Add a new paragraph at the end of Section 4:
>>
>>  MOBIKE also employs its own path test messages
>>  and can only provide limited protection for them. Specifically,
>>  these messages are sent outside the protection of the IKE
>>  SA and can therefore be spoofed, modified, or read. However,
>>  MOBIKE initiators do not use these messages beyond confirming
>>  that a sent message gets a response and finding out the
>>  characteristics of the path (addresses and NATs).  MOBIKE
>>  responders do not use these messages at all, beyond
>>  blindly responding to them.
>>
>>  A cookie mechanism ensures that attackers cannot send a response
>>  blindly without seeing a request first. Nevertheless, on-path
>>  attackers can intercept legitimate requests and responses,
>>  and either prevent them from reaching the destination,
>>  carrying them to the destination even across networks that
>>  would not let other packets through, or modify NAT behaviour
>>  enroute. As a result, these attacks may lead to denial-of-service.
>>  Note that denial-of-service is typically possible for on-path
>>  attackers even without the MOBIKE messages, e.g., by blocking
>>  IKE messages.
>>    
>>
>
>I do not know if the is belongs to here, but the those path test
>messages might also be filtered out by statefull content inspection
>devices (firewalls, intrusion detection / prevention systems etc), as
>they are not part of any existing IKE SA, and some devices might
>consider source IKE SPI being 0 as an attack.
>  
>
This is certainly something that we should document.
Thanks for bringing it up!

>I do know that old NAT boxes used to do IKE SA session tracking based
>on the IKE SPIs and they did the demultiplexing of the incoming
>packets based on the IKE SPIs instead of ports. This shouldn't be
>problem here as we are using port 4500 instead of port 500, and NATs
>should not do that on port 4500.
>
>I am just wondering if there is any boxes that filter IKE packets in
>that kind of statefull way.
>
>The paragraph above also requires some text about replay attacks, i.e.
>stating that each cookie used MUST be unique, and each cookie has only
>certain time window and after that it is forgotten, and if packet
>having that cookie is later received it must not be accepted. If we
>use the path testing inside IKE, then there is message id's taking
>care of the replays, thus cookies does not need to be unique, they
>simply need to be non-guessable. 
>  
>
Yes. Uniqueness is handled in Section 3.5 already, I think.
For the rest we need new text.

>Also in general each cookie is tied to the specific address pair it
>was sent to. I.e. if same cookie is used for multiple addresses pairs,
>then malious host B can fake an response back from the address where
>it actually didn't see the message. This is mostly for B as there we
>do need to retransmit the packet to other addresses if we do not get
>reply back (and in which case we should restart path testing), but
>also for C as this must be taken care of in both cases. 
>  
>
Right. Thanks. Here's an updated text:

Change A
======

Add a new paragraph at the end of Section 4:

  MOBIKE also employs its own path test messages
  and can only provide limited protection for them. Specifically,
  these messages are sent outside the protection of the IKE
  SA and can therefore be spoofed, modified, or read. However,
  MOBIKE initiators do not use these messages beyond confirming
  that a sent message gets a response and finding out the
  characteristics of the path (addresses and NATs).  MOBIKE
  responders do not use these messages at all, beyond
  blindly responding to them.

  A cookie mechanism ensures that attackers cannot send a response
  blindly without seeing a request first. Nevertheless, on-path
  attackers can intercept legitimate requests and responses,
  and either prevent them from reaching the destination,
  carrying them to the destination even across networks that
  would not let other packets through, or modify NAT behaviour
  enroute. As a result, these attacks may lead to denial-of-service.
  Note that denial-of-service is typically possible for on-path
  attackers even without the MOBIKE messages, e.g., by blocking
  IKE messages.

  Given that the path test messages use cookie values of zero
  for both ends, its possible that firewalls that inspect
  IKE packets may filter out packets with the sender's SPI
  set to zero.

  Sections 2.5 and 3.5 provide a mechanism which ensures that
  old path test messages can not be replayed, and that responses
  can not be blindly switched to appear to come from a different
  address.

Add to 2.5 COOKIE2 notification payload:

   The use of COOKIE2 is necessary to ensure that the peer cannot
   generate the correct response without seeing the request. The
   sender of the PATH_TEST exchange MUST include a COOKIE2 notification
   payload. The data in this payload MUST be randomly chosen
   as described in Section 3.5, for each new packet that is
   sent.

   The recipient MUST copy the payload as-is to the response.
   When processing the response, the original sender MUST verify that
   the value is the same one as sent, within a reasonable time window
   to avoid replaying old values.  If the values do not match, the
   response MUST be silently ignored.


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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Aug 25 14:30:01 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Dormant Mode?
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Jari,

> I'd prefer not to do this. But there may be a way to do
> this without losing connectivity. Say, you open up another
> UDP-level "connection" through the same pair of addresses,
> and start increasing keepalive on that connection; when you
> see a port/address change you record the last working keepalive
> interval and use half of that as your regular IKE keepalive.
> This scheme has a number of drawbacks, including the
> assumption that NAT keepalive periods are static and that
> it would have to be rerun every time you move. Perhaps
> some of the other communities that have a need for NAT
> traversal capability have found better solutions. Anyone?
>

This sounds like an acceptable way to estimate the NAT timeout, but I think 
it should probably be incorporated into STUN or something like that. It 
would be far better if the host could just ask the NAT what its timeout is, 
but we're not there yet.

It won't solve the problem of dormant mode hosts, though. If the keepalive 
originates at the VPN gateway, it will wake the host up. It has to somehow 
originate on the host side.

            jak 


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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Aug 25 14:36:34 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Dormant Mode?
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> my (somewhat dated, and admittedly limited) experience with demand-dial
> ppp connections leads me to believe that the definition of "gratuitous"
> is often highly user-specific and/or application-specific; if we go down
> this path, will we end up with nodes exchanging specially-marked
> selector sets describing the equivalent of the pppd "active-filter"?
>

Well, some kind of filter is a possibility, but I don't think it is 
necessary. The basic requirement, for any kind of Mobike support, is that 
the VPN gateway SA timeout is extended, on host request when it is about to 
go into dormant mode, so that the host isn't getting frequent keepalives.

> In any event, if we create an operating mode in which NAT keepalives are
> no longer sent, then that will, IMHO, be more-or-less equivalent to a
> no-address-mode scheme --- if you suspend NAT keepalives for longer than
> the NAT's idle-session-destruction timer, you'll essentially lose
> incoming connectivity to the side which is behind that NAT it reasserts
> its presence.
>

I don't see any way to fix the problem with NAT keepalives from the VPN 
side, because any keepalive sent to an address owned by the host will get 
delivered, thus waking it up, which is what you want to avoid. But I think 
it could help in a nonNAT situation.

            jak 


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James Kempf wrote:

>
> This sounds like an acceptable way to estimate the NAT timeout, but I 
> think it should probably be incorporated into STUN or something like 
> that. 

Probably.

> It would be far better if the host could just ask the NAT what its 
> timeout is, but we're not there yet.

Yes.

> It won't solve the problem of dormant mode hosts, though. If the 
> keepalive originates at the VPN gateway, it will wake the host up. It 
> has to somehow originate on the host side.

Ah, but surely any improvement in the keepalive processing should ensure
that both peers employ the same timeouts.

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Thu Aug 25 16:23:59 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] Dormant Mode?
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>> It won't solve the problem of dormant mode hosts, though. If the 
>> keepalive originates at the VPN gateway, it will wake the host up. It has 
>> to somehow originate on the host side.
>
> Ah, but surely any improvement in the keepalive processing should ensure
> that both peers employ the same timeouts.
>

Right. If they both sync with the NAT timeout, then it doesn't matter. I 
guess the real problem is that the host can't influence the NAT timeout. If 
it's set too short, then the host will have to wake up - or get woken up - 
to keep the NAT and SA state hot. Sigh.

I suppose at this point one must throw up one's hands and say "its up to the 
network operator to configure their NAT timeouts so that dormant mode hosts 
don't need to wake up excessively".

            jak 


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Hi all,

       I am currently working on MobileIP.We have successfully done the HA 
and MN.Now we are into the IPSec implementation phase.I will very much 
thankful if someone can explain or tell where i can get resouce for the 
initial message exchange.I went through the RFC 2401..but its bit dry..I 
will be thankful if some one can explain what happens once i got the data 
which need to be sent through the tunnel.What will be my first message.I 
can understand for OUTBOUND we maintain a SA but again is the initial data 
sent is also encrypted.If so do we use Digital signatures for it.Hope 
someone out there could clear my doubt and give a better picture.

Thanks in advance...

With Thanks and Regards
Arun Srinivasan
Tata Consultancy Services Limited
Mailto: arun1.s@tcs.com
Website: http://www.tcs.com

Notice: The information contained in this e-mail message and/or attachments to it may contain confidential or privileged information.   If you are not the intended recipient, any dissemination, use, review, distribution, printing or copying of the information contained in this e-mail message and/or attachments to it are strictly prohibited.   If you have received this communication in error, please notify us by reply e-mail or telephone and immediately and permanently delete the message and any attachments.  Thank you
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<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Hi all,</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;I am currently
working on MobileIP.We have successfully done the HA and MN.Now we are
into the IPSec implementation phase.I will very much thankful if someone
can explain or tell where i can get resouce for the initial message exchange.I
went through the RFC 2401..but its bit dry..I will be thankful if some
one can explain what happens once i got the data which need to be sent
through the tunnel.What will be my first message.I can understand for OUTBOUND
we maintain a SA but again is the initial data sent is also encrypted.If
so do we use Digital signatures for it.Hope someone out there could clear
my doubt and give a better picture.</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">Thanks in advance...</font>
<br>
<br><font size=2 face="sans-serif">With Thanks and Regards<br>
Arun Srinivasan<br>
Tata Consultancy Services Limited<br>
Mailto: arun1.s@tcs.com<br>
Website: http://www.tcs.com</font>
<table><tr><td bgcolor=#ffffff><font color=#000000>Notice: The information contained in this e-mail message and/or attachments to it may contain confidential or privileged information.   If you are not the intended recipient, any dissemination, use, review, distribution, printing or copying of the information contained in this e-mail message and/or attachments to it are strictly prohibited.   If you have received this communication in error, please notify us by reply e-mail or telephone and immediately and permanently delete the message and any attachments.  Thank you<br>
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Aug 29 08:39:42 2005
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Hello,

I read draft-ike-mobike-design-03.txt and had a few comments/questions
as below:

Technical Comments:

- Section 4, fourth paragraph, it says "Using this API, the MOBIKE
  daemon can create entries in the Security Association (SAD) and
  Security Policy Databases (SPD)." I believe "this API" refers to
  PF_KEY which is initially designed as an interface to SAD. So, the
  draft should be accurate in this respect, IMHO.
- (In Section 5.1) Is my understanding correct that the three
  alternatives presented here could be exclusively used to indicate
  support for MOBIKE ? Or use of "critical" flag in the payload header
  is encouraged in every attempt of sending MOBIKE specific messages ?
- Section 5.8 (Scope of SA changes), I think this is very important
  issue. Separate management of IKE SA and IPsec SA in terms of address
  update allows us more flexible and (potentially) user-friendly
  operation although there will be more complexity and overhead to
  do so.

Editorial Comments:

- Section 3.1, second paragraph, s/statufu/stateful/
- Page 19, first bullet, last sentence, s/it/is/
- Section 5.6, page 20, second bullet,
  s/in order provide/in order to provide/
- Section 5.6, 3rd paragraph, first sentence,
  s/an IP addressed/an IP address/
- Section 5.6, 3rd paragraph,
  s/weaker guarantees then/weaker guarantees than/
- Section 5.6, 5th paragraph (page 21),
  s/material.A protection/material. A protection/
- Page 22, second bullet, first sentence, unnecessary
  "()" appears.
- Section 5.9, 2nd sentence, s/the it/it/


Regards,
Shinta

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Mon Aug 29 09:08:32 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Shinta Sugimoto <shinta@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] comments on draft-ike-mobike-design-03.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of Mon, 29 Aug 2005 21:39:11 +0900.
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

   I read draft-ike-mobike-design-03.txt and had a few comments/questions
   as below:
   
   Technical Comments:
   
   - Section 4, fourth paragraph, it says "Using this API, the MOBIKE
     daemon can create entries in the Security Association (SAD) and
     Security Policy Databases (SPD)." I believe "this API" refers to
     PF_KEY which is initially designed as an interface to SAD. So, the
     draft should be accurate in this respect, IMHO.

=> PF_KEY can't offically be used to manage the SPD so IMHO the
current wording should be kept.

   - Section 5.8 (Scope of SA changes), I think this is very important
     issue. Separate management of IKE SA and IPsec SA in terms of address
     update allows us more flexible and (potentially) user-friendly
     operation although there will be more complexity and overhead to
     do so.
   
=> I agree on both: it is an important issue and the current decision is bad.

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Aug 30 08:40:05 2005
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Hello,

I read draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt and had following
comments/questions.

Technical Comments/Questions:

- Section 2.3 (Changing addresses in IPsec SAs) I need clarification
  on how address change functions in MOBIKE. First of all, does
  UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES take effect on more than one address changes ?
  Or it's supposed to update a single address ? Probably I am confusing
  the purpose of UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES and ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS.
  In my understanding, UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES is for updating the preferred
  address, which means that IKE_SA and IPsec SA (only matched one)
  are the target of the address update. OTOH, ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS is
  for updating (requesting its peer to update) the peer address set.
  Do I get it right?
  One more question: Should the initiator make all the CHILD_SAs
  inactive which are associated with the IKE_SA whose "pending_update"
  flag is set ?
- Section 2.7 (NAT prevention), I also felt that better naming is
  needed for NAT_PREVENTED. Taking look at issue #24, I tend to agree
  that NAT_PREVENTED should be replaced with something like
  NAT_PREVENTION_FAILURE from which one can easily understand
  that it's an erroneous state (or failure case).

Editorial Comments:

- Section 2.3 (Changing addresses in IPsec SAs), 3rd bullet, it says
  "If there are outstanding IKEv2 requests, continues retransmitting
  them using the addresses in the IKE_SA (the new addresses)." It is
  unclear to me what the "outstanding IKEv2 requests" are.
- Section 2.4 (Updating additional addresses), the first sentence says
  "both the initiator and responder can send a list of additional
  addresses (in addition to the one used for IKE_SA_INIT/IKE_AUTH
  exchange) to the initiator in the IKE_AUTH exchange." It seems to me
  that the sentence is a bit paradoxical. IMHO, the phrase "to the
  initiator" can be eliminated.


Regards,
Shinta

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com Tue Aug 30 08:49:52 2005
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From: Shinta Sugimoto <shinta@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] comments on draft-ike-mobike-design-03.txt 
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On Mon, 29 Aug 2005 15:08:02 +0200
Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr> wrote:

>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>    I read draft-ike-mobike-design-03.txt and had a few comments/questions
>    as below:
>    
>    Technical Comments:
>    
>    - Section 4, fourth paragraph, it says "Using this API, the MOBIKE
>      daemon can create entries in the Security Association (SAD) and
>      Security Policy Databases (SPD)." I believe "this API" refers to
>      PF_KEY which is initially designed as an interface to SAD. So, the
>      draft should be accurate in this respect, IMHO.
> 
> => PF_KEY can't offically be used to manage the SPD so IMHO the
> current wording should be kept.

That's the point that I wanted to make. The current texts could be read
in a way that both SADB and SPD can be accessed by the API (PF_KEY).

   Figure 3 shows an example protocol interaction between a pair of
   MOBIKE peers.  MOBIKE interacts with the IPsec engine using the
   PF_KEY API [RFC2367].  Using this API, the MOBIKE daemon can create
   entries in the Security Association (SAD) and Security Policy
   Databases (SPD).

So just thought that it would be bettter to say:

   Figure 3 shows an example protocol interaction between a pair of
   MOBIKE peers.  MOBIKE interacts with the IPsec engine using certain
   API.  PF_KEY [RFC2367] can be used by the MOBIKE daemon to access
   the Security Association Database (SAD).


Regards,
Shinta

> 
>    - Section 5.8 (Scope of SA changes), I think this is very important
>      issue. Separate management of IKE SA and IPsec SA in terms of address
>      update allows us more flexible and (potentially) user-friendly
>      operation although there will be more complexity and overhead to
>      do so.
>    
> => I agree on both: it is an important issue and the current decision is bad.
> 
> Regards
> 
> Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr

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Thread-Topic: [Mobike] confirming consensus on issues from Paris
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From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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Jari Arkko wrote:

> Issue 36: Unacceptable addresses. There are cases where the
> initiator does not know which one of the retransmitted
> requests was really the one seen by the responder and resulted
> in the unacceptable address error. Pasi's solution for this is
> to send a new request in this (corner) case.

(Back from vacation, and working on MOBIKE again...)

I started editing the draft to make this change, but then
noticed the functionality is actually already there. Version
-01 says

   o  If a new address change occurs while waiting for the=20
      response, starts again from the first step (and ignores=20
      responses to this UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES request).

So in the ambiguous situation (UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES request has
been sent using several different src/dst addresses, and we
don't know which of them was unacceptable), it already says
we ignore the response and a new request is sent.

(But I'll clarify this in -02; also the response is not really
totally ignored, just not processed by MOBIKE.)

Best regards,
Pasi
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] Issue 38: editorial comments (was: comments on
	draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt)
Date: Wed, 31 Aug 2005 14:36:09 +0300
Message-ID: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD2FF0@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
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From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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Thanks for your comments! I've filed them as issues 38 and 39.
Quick answers to your editorial comments first:

> - Section 2.3 (Changing addresses in IPsec SAs), 3rd bullet,
> it says "If there are outstanding IKEv2 requests, continues
> retransmitting them using the addresses in the IKE_SA (the new
> addresses)." It is unclear to me what the "outstanding IKEv2
> requests" are.

It means IKEv2 requests for which the initiator has not yet
received a reply (I'll try to clarify this in version -02).
This could happen if the need to change addresses appears=20
while we're doing e.g. rekeying or dead peer detection.

> - Section 2.4 (Updating additional addresses), the first
> sentence says "both the initiator and responder can send a
> list of additional addresses (in addition to the one used for
> IKE_SA_INIT/IKE_AUTH exchange) to the initiator in the
> IKE_AUTH exchange." It seems to me that the sentence is a bit
> paradoxical. IMHO, the phrase "to the initiator" can be
> eliminated.

Yes, you're right.

Best regards,
Pasi
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
Date: Wed, 31 Aug 2005 14:44:55 +0300
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Thread-Topic: [Mobike] issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
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From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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Tero Kivinen writes:
>=20
> Bill Sommerfeld writes:
> > Either alternative presumably needs a notification from ESP to=20
> > key management that NAT-level "motion" has been detected, but=20
> > alternative 3 also seems to require a "mode bit" in ESP=20
> > indicating when you should let ESP handle the address updates=20
> > and when it should ignore them.
>=20
> Not in the ESP, as the ESP is not the one who is going to make the
> change anyways. When the ESP notifies the addresses are changed it
> need to notify about that to the IKE, and at least in our case the
> IKE (usermode policymanager) would be doing that kind of decisions
> when to change and how to change, i.e. it would be then sending
> notification back to the ESP to ask it to modify the outer
> addresses.

The specs don't really say (and even should not say) how this should
be implemented.  Either the ESP module updates the IPsec SAs (and
just notifies the IKE module so that IKE_SA gets updated as well),=20
or the ESP module could just notify the IKE module, which would=20
then update both IPsec and IKE SAs.

Linux/OpenSWAN uses the latter option, and so does your
implementation, it seems... but concievably, some implementation=20
could use the former.

But I'm beginning to think that perhaps your proposal (3) would have
some advantages; at least there would not be two different sources
(ESP and MOBIKE) asking for changes in the addresses...

Best regards,
Pasi
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 39 (was: comments on
	draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt)
Date: Wed, 31 Aug 2005 16:06:31 +0300
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Thread-Topic: [Mobike] comments on draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt
Thread-Index: AcWtYDP8UkkUA5vcQsqq7+L4bxzFgAAzDODA
From: <Pasi.Eronen@nokia.com>
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Shinta Sugimoto writes:
>=20
> Hello,
>=20
> I read draft-ietf-mobike-protocol-01.txt and had following
> comments/questions.
>=20
> Technical Comments/Questions:
>=20
> - Section 2.3 (Changing addresses in IPsec SAs) I need
> clarification on how address change functions in MOBIKE. First
> of all, does UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES take effect on more than one
> address changes ?  Or it's supposed to update a single address?=20

It updates the one source and one destination address in
IKE and IPsec SAs (the src/dst addresss that is currently
used for outgoing packets).

> Probably I am confusing the purpose of UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES
> and ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS.  In my understanding,
> UPDATE_SA_ADDRESSES is for updating the preferred address,
> which means that IKE_SA and IPsec SA (only matched one) are
> the target of the address update. OTOH, ADDITIONAL_*_ADDRESS
> is for updating (requesting its peer to update) the peer
> address set.  Do I get it right?

Yes, I think you got it right (although the protocol document
does not currently use the term "peer address set"). This set is
used as input for address pair selection (on initiator side),
and possibly when responder address changes (although the
details need some clarification here...)

> One more question: Should the initiator make all the CHILD_SAs
> inactive which are associated with the IKE_SA whose "pending_update"
> flag is set ?

Why should it? (Continuing using those CHILD_SAs should work
just fine, since in 2401bis the responder uses only the SPI for
locating the inbound IPsec SA.)

Best regards,
Pasi
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To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
References: <B356D8F434D20B40A8CEDAEC305A1F24CD2FCC@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>	<00d501c5a2d9$fd280af0$6f01a8c0@adithya>	<4302C505.4020703@piuha.net>	<005201c5a45e$331ee130$6701a8c0@adithya><17157.47348.409165.539403@fireball.kivinen.iki.fi>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] RE: issue 34 -- ESP vs. IKE based NAT reboot detection
Date: Wed, 31 Aug 2005 18:09:11 -0700
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> Tero Kivinen wrote:
> 
> >Thats why I am saying alternate 3 is better, as it requires less
> >changes or updates to the hardware.
> >  
> >
> One could also support ESP-based updates on devices
> that can do this, and say "this feature is not supported"
> on others -- we are still talking about a corner case.
> But people may have different opinions as to how
> important support for this is under all circumstances.
> 
If you do IKEv2 like updates, then you need a separate PATH_TEST
message (outside the SA) so that PATH_TEST does not cause updates
to SA. By requiring an explicit update, we avoid a separate PATH_TEST
message. Is that an advantage ?

-mohan

> --Jari
> 
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