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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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To: dcrocker@brandenburg.com
CC: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>,
        Multi6 Mailing List <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
References: <63AE30A8-193C-11D8-A52A-000A9598A184@kurtis.pp.se> <3FB9566A.4090000@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> <954CD888-1F2F-11D8-AC6B-000A95CD987A@muada.com> <102251632608.20031125075105@brandenburg.com>
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Dave Crocker;

> Iljitsch,
> 
> IvB>  The reason that BGP
> IvB> rerouting can take so long is that the RFC mandates a 90 second hold 
> IvB> time,

And a 90 second hold time is already too long.

> The reason that BGP has a long hold is because short times lead to route
> flapping.
> 
> This is an inherent property of doing route calculations.  A scheme that
> is too quick to change will be constantly changing.  Hence the
> assessment of a particular route always needs to be pretty slow to
> change the assessment.

And the definition on "too quick" is affected by time required
for BGP route computation, IGP route propagation and so on, all
of which are reduced with smaller routing table.

I think hold time for EBGP peering over point to point optical
ethernet should be (like SONET) several tens of milli seconds
(though it violates BGP4). However, the same timing can not
be applicable to IBGP peering.

Have smaller global routing table and make BGP converge as quickly
as that of telephone routing.

> That is why I think the way to achieve quick response is with a model of
> parallel paths.  When one goes out, the other is already in use.  (Of
> course, this introduces the costs of out-of-order packets.)

In this case, it does not help at all, as a notification of "one
goes out" is delayed 90 or 180 seconds.

							Masataka Ohta




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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Iljitsch van Beijnum" <iljitsch@muada.com>,
        "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
Cc: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 10:24:12 +0100
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> >    Endpoint
>
> >            refers to "the fundamental entity of and end-end
> >            communication" [EID]. It is an end-system that participates
> >            in an association. Endpoints are distinguished from
> >            intermediate, infrastructure nodes and from hosts.
>
> An endpoint is an end-system but not a host: I think this isn't all
> that clear.
>
> Personally, I prefer to talk about hosts, as this is a well-known
> concept.

I guess this is exactly the problem :-)
People has a pre defined concept about what a host is, so they assume
properties about it.
That is why it is good to use a different term such as endpoint, that can be
defined properly



> The fact that there is some ambiguity because hosts can be
> clustered and virtualized also isn't a huge surprise to most people,
> and can be spelled out for good measure.

I guess that something about the relation between a host and an endpoint can
be inlcuded.

>
> If you want to stick to "endpoints" you should say whether an endpoint
> is host that may or may not be virtual, a transport protocol or a
> process. This has pretty serious consequences for the number of
> identifiers that is necessary and some other stuff as well. For
> instance, certain types of communication may be handled by more than a
> single processes. When identifiers are tied to processes this makes
> referral very complex.
>
> >    Identifier
>
> >            refers to a unique label for an endpoint.
>
> Hm, maybe this is just my English but to me it is unclear whether you
> mean the identifier <-> endpoint relationship is 1-to-1, 1-to-n or
> n-to-1, only that it isn't n-to-m.
>

good point

i would say that the relation is n-to-1

but this should be defined and clarified in the text

> I think "an identifier identifies a specific endpoint" is enough.
>

I think we need more than this, in order to be clear. The proposed text with
a modification to explicitly define the n-to-1 relation should be good
enough IMHO

> >            The label is used
> >            simply for distinguishing one endpoint from another.
> >            Because a locator is usually globally unique, it might be
> >            able to serve as an identifier. However this use will often
> >            suffer administrative and referential limitations as a
> >            global identifier for mobile endpoints. This is exemplified
> >            by the current problems experienced with the dual role of
> >            IP Addresses.
>
> This is too much text and largely not relevant for defining
> "identifier". The only additional remark that's necessary is that an
> identifier is independent of an endpoint's attachment to the network
> ("location").

I guess that this is not what Dave is trying to say...
the locator can be used as an identifier, since it is unique, but its usage
as an identifier presents some limitations

Regards. marcelo

>
> > As with others, I do not think it is useful to have ID refer to an
> > interface.  Stack, endpoint or process all seem more helpful.
>
> Absolutely. While multi6 is about site multihoming and not host
> multihoming, it would be a mistake only allow jumping locators when
> those locators are tied to the same interface.
>
> "Endpoint" is usable, but "stack" isn't a very good word as it will
> probably confuse people who haven't followed what has happened in the
> NSRG and identifying processes is too granular and dynamic, IMO.
>
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  1 04:34:36 2003
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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 10:24:12 +0100
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> 
> Speaking of 'stack', what definition text would folks like.  The NSRG
> paper introduces the construct nicely, but I'm not sure the text there
> is what we should live with.
> 
> For that matter, what is the difference between endpoint and stack?

I don't see any difference between the definition of endpoint and stack...
I would just keep one of them (i like endpoint better)
regards, marcelo

> 
> d/
> --
>  Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
>  Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
>  Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>
> 
> 



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Reply-To: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
From: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
To: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
References: <LIEEJBCNFDJHFFKJJDPAAEKGDGAA.mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
Subject: Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals
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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>; <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, December 01, 2003 3:24 AM
Subject: RE: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals


> >
> > Speaking of 'stack', what definition text would folks like.  The
NSRG
> > paper introduces the construct nicely, but I'm not sure the text
there
> > is what we should live with.
> >
> > For that matter, what is the difference between endpoint and
stack?
>
> I don't see any difference between the definition of endpoint and
stack...
> I would just keep one of them (i like endpoint better)
> regards, marcelo

When I saw Dave's note, I wondered how "stack" mapped onto "dual-stack
ipv4/ipv6". If everybody thinks "dual-stack" is still one stack for
the purposes of this discussion, fine, but if we don't all have the
same answer to this question, I like endpoint better, too.

Spencer




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Subject: RE: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2003 09:18:39 -0800
Message-ID: <DAC3FCB50E31C54987CD10797DA511BA065CA72F@WIN-MSG-10.wingroup.windeploy.ntdev.microsoft.com>
Thread-Topic: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
Thread-Index: AcO3zA70Fd+OkP+2QWGssaNGsl8LawAYLgzA
From: "Christian Huitema" <huitema@windows.microsoft.com>
To: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>,
        <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
Cc: "Iljitsch van Beijnum" <iljitsch@muada.com>,
        "Multi6 Mailing List" <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
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> > IvB>  The reason that BGP
> > IvB> rerouting can take so long is that the RFC mandates a 90 second
> hold
> > IvB> time,
>=20
> And a 90 second hold time is already too long.

... which is why I am convinced that the solution to preserving existing
communication is closest to "transport protocols" than "routing
protocols". The time scale of transport protocols is the RTT; the time
scale of routing protocols is the minute. If we wait for a routing event
to be somehow signaled to the transport stack, the connection will be
gone. The natural solution is to use a transport event, e.g. a
retransmission timer. This event can trigger an end-to-end "connection
rehoming" exchange.

My preferred time-line would be:

1) Start a communication using one of the available pairs of src/dest
addresses.
2) If the communication is determined to be worth it (i.e. last long
enough), engage in "multi-homing signaling" to obtain a "set of
equivalent addresses"
3) On a transport event such as retransmission time-out, probe alternate
pairs of src/dest addresses, and pick a "better one" if available.

I would note that a lot of the communication we have today do not meet
the "worth it" requirement. The top applications in the Internet today
are web pages, which mostly consist of a large number of very short
exchanges, and p2p file sharing, which includes its own application
level tools to deal with multi-homing.=20

-- Christian Huitema



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  1 13:46:27 2003
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From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Reply-To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
Subject: Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals
To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
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>    Endpoint
>    
>            refers to "the fundamental entity of and end-end
>            communication" [EID]. It is an end-system that participates
>            in an association. Endpoints are distinguished from
>            intermediate, infrastructure nodes and from hosts.

Dave,

Do you intentionally want the definition of endpoint to be open to
the endpoint being any of
 - (an instance of) the IP protocol processing on a node
 - a IP service access point (i.e. the point where the transport protocols
   attach to IP)
 - a transport service access point 
 - something higher up in the protocol stack

The reason I'm asking is because there are proposals that explore the
first three in the list. If you want to keep the definition open
to applying at different layers it would be good to make that very explicit
in the definition.

  Erik





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Subject: Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals
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Eliot,

EL> Once so spelt out, an end point would would have been defined in all but
EL> word, so why not define it?  Personally I believe the term "host" has
EL> become ambiguous, and so itself is worthy of a good clarification, if
EL> not definition.

I think that the term host is dandy for referring to a machine running
IP on the Internet.

We need a term for a finer-grained entity that is the processing
unit for a transport association.

Given usage of 'stack' and 'endpoint', it is worth considering how the
two relate.  Are the really the same thing, or is there a useful
distinction that is worth keeping?

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>




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Christian;

>>>IvB>  The reason that BGP
>>>IvB> rerouting can take so long is that the RFC mandates a 90 second
>>
>>hold
>>
>>>IvB> time,
>>
>>And a 90 second hold time is already too long.

> ... which is why I am convinced that the solution to preserving existing
> communication is closest to "transport protocols" than "routing
> protocols".

As you say "preserving", you really are talking about "connection",
not "communication" in general.

The proper argument is that

	preserving existing connection is a function of not the
	connectionless Internetworking layer but the transport
	layer (or above)

But, note that your argument is insufficient ignoring simple UDP
query-response type communication such as that of DNS.

> The time scale of transport protocols is the RTT; the time
> scale of routing protocols is the minute. If we wait for a routing event
> to be somehow signaled to the transport stack, the connection will be
> gone.

The role of routing protocol is to try to keep the Internet
connected at the connectinless Internetworking layer, which
has nothing to do with connection of connection oriented
protocols.

In other types of network, routing protocols may operate both
at L2, L3 and L4 to take care of keep preserving L4 connection.
But, it is not the case with the Internet.

> I would note that a lot of the communication we have today do not meet
> the "worth it" requirement. The top applications in the Internet today
> are web pages, which mostly consist of a large number of very short
> exchanges, and p2p file sharing, which includes its own application
> level tools to deal with multi-homing.

You are connection oriented.

The difficulty is not in "preserving". See above for a UDP example.

							Masataka Ohta





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Subject: Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals
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>> >            The label is used
>> >            simply for distinguishing one endpoint from another.
>> >            Because a locator is usually globally unique, it might be
>> >            able to serve as an identifier. However this use will often
>> >            suffer administrative and referential limitations as a
>> >            global identifier for mobile endpoints. This is exemplified
>> >            by the current problems experienced with the dual role of
>> >            IP Addresses.
>>
>> This is too much text and largely not relevant for defining
>> "identifier". The only additional remark that's necessary is that an
>> identifier is independent of an endpoint's attachment to the network
>> ("location").

mb> I guess that this is not what Dave is trying to say...
mb> the locator can be used as an identifier, since it is unique, but its usage
mb> as an identifier presents some limitations

correct.


The first sentence is the definition. The second sentence notes a type
of string that can be used. The rest notes known problems with the
string.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  1 15:08:30 2003
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Subject: Re: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
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 <DAC3FCB50E31C54987CD10797DA511BA065CA72F@WIN-MSG-10.wingroup.windeploy.ntdev.microsoft.com>
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>> And a 90 second hold time is already too long.

CH> ... which is why I am convinced that the solution to preserving existing
CH> communication is closest to "transport protocols" than "routing
CH> protocols".

Many scenarios do not require the fast switchover that is being
discussed here.  For them, the IP-Endpoint (shim) module works fine,
for mobility an for multihoming that is used for fall-back
reliability.

For highly responsive fail-over, multiple locator-pairs must already
be fully functioning before they are needed.  Otherwise, the concern
about being overly responsive sets in, with the usual, attendant
problem of thrashing the choice of path.  For this scenario, I too
believe that transport is the place to put the mechanism, because
transport is where the congestion response information is assessed.

However the Endpoint module still has quite a bit of utility.  First,
it is useful for unmodifie transport modules, such as classic TCP.
Second, it can support the common Address Locator Pool.  That's the
idea behind SLAP.


CH> 1) Start a communication using one of the available pairs of src/dest
CH> addresses.
CH> 2) If the communication is determined to be worth it (i.e. last long
CH> enough), engage in "multi-homing signaling" to obtain a "set of
CH> equivalent addresses"
CH> 3) On a transport event such as retransmission time-out, probe alternate
CH> pairs of src/dest addresses, and pick a "better one" if available.

CH> I would note that a lot of the communication we have today do not meet
CH> the "worth it" requirement.

Yes.  This was an interesting point that came out of the discussion
the Pekka S.  and I had, that he reported.

What I had not appreciated was that the asyncrhonous control exchange
that MAST does permits exactly this sort of long deferral of the
control exchange, meaning that it often will not be done at all.

d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  1 15:11:42 2003
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Dave;

> We need a term for a finer-grained entity that is the processing
> unit for a transport association.

A transport layer protocol may or may not use the finer-grained
entity, which is totally dependent on a specific transport layer
protocol.

Terminlogies for such an entity too, of course, is totally
dependent on a specific transport layer protocol.

Attempts to force all the transport layer protocols use a
certain Internetworking layer property or terminology is the
layer violation.

Even TCP is not designed to work only over IP, as is stated
in RFC793:

	In principle, the TCP should be able to operate above
	a wide spectrum of communication systems ranging from
	hard-wired connections to packet-switched or
	circuit-switched networks.

or

	TCP is designed to work in a very general environment of
	interconnected networks.

though its specification assumes IPv4.

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  1 21:01:19 2003
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Dave;
 
> CH> ... which is why I am convinced that the solution to preserving existing
> CH> communication is closest to "transport protocols" than "routing
> CH> protocols".
> 
> Many scenarios do not require the fast switchover that is being
> discussed here.  For them, the IP-Endpoint (shim) module works fine,

You implicitely assume TCP and its defact default timing, which
is no good for various applications. Such senario MUST be taken
care of not at the IP but at the TCP layer.

> for mobility an for multihoming that is used for fall-back
> reliability.

Mixing timing for mobility and multhoming only confuses everything.

For example, mobility needs mobility, not fall-back reliability.

							Masataka Ohta 





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  2 05:17:21 2003
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From: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>
Subject: Re: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2003 11:13:26 +0100
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On 1-dec-03, at 18:18, Christian Huitema wrote:

> ... which is why I am convinced that the solution to preserving 
> existing
> communication is closest to "transport protocols" than "routing
> protocols". The time scale of transport protocols is the RTT; the time
> scale of routing protocols is the minute. If we wait for a routing 
> event
> to be somehow signaled to the transport stack, the connection will be
> gone. The natural solution is to use a transport event, e.g. a
> retransmission timer. This event can trigger an end-to-end "connection
> rehoming" exchange.

I don't necessarily agree that routing protocols by their nature can't 
do better than the minute timescale, but today BGP lives around that 
timescale and depending on routing has other downsides, such as the 
fact that a routing protocol has little information about which path is 
really better and they don't allow the use of multiple paths in a 
useful way. So I agree that we need to handle this end-to-end.

> My preferred time-line would be:

> 1) Start a communication using one of the available pairs of src/dest
> addresses.
> 2) If the communication is determined to be worth it (i.e. last long
> enough), engage in "multi-homing signaling" to obtain a "set of
> equivalent addresses"

Hm, this is problematic. Simply exchanging addresses isn't good enough, 
as this allows for redirection attacks. So the addresses must be 
validated by using them in a way that can't be spoofed by a third 
party. I.e., one side must contact the other using a new address and 
include authentication information that tells the correspondent it's 
still talking to the same party. If we're doing this anyway there is 
little need to exchange the addresses beforehand. Depending on the type 
of rehoming authentication used it may be necessary to set up 
authentication state before rehoming happens.

> 3) On a transport event such as retransmission time-out, probe 
> alternate
> pairs of src/dest addresses, and pick a "better one" if available.

Agree.

Question: do we want to do this on a per transport session basis, or do 
we move an address and all transports running over it in one go when a 
rehoming event occurs?

> I would note that a lot of the communication we have today do not meet
> the "worth it" requirement. The top applications in the Internet today
> are web pages, which mostly consist of a large number of very short
> exchanges, and p2p file sharing, which includes its own application
> level tools to deal with multi-homing.

Even though it's probably not worth the trouble to protect the 
individual TCP sessions towards a web server (but protecting large 
downloads over HTTP would be very useful), it would still be good to 
have fairly seamless failover to another address when a web address 
fails. I'm sure Amazon or Ebay wouldn't want to run the risk of losing 
customers because of reachability issues by depending on web browsers 
to do the right thing. But this assumes the protection is active at the 
IP address level rather than the transport protocol level.




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Reply-To: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
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Subject: Re: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2003 06:45:17 -0600
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Just a couple of notes here...

Spencer

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Iljitsch van Beijnum" <iljitsch@muada.com>
To: "Christian Huitema" <huitema@windows.microsoft.com>
Cc: "Multi6 Mailing List" <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 4:13 AM
Subject: Re: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up


> On 1-dec-03, at 18:18, Christian Huitema wrote:
>
> > My preferred time-line would be:
>
> > 1) Start a communication using one of the available pairs of
src/dest
> > addresses.
> > 2) If the communication is determined to be worth it (i.e. last
long
> > enough), engage in "multi-homing signaling" to obtain a "set of
> > equivalent addresses"
>
> Hm, this is problematic. Simply exchanging addresses isn't good
enough,
> as this allows for redirection attacks. So the addresses must be
> validated by using them in a way that can't be spoofed by a third
> party. I.e., one side must contact the other using a new address and
> include authentication information that tells the correspondent it's
> still talking to the same party. If we're doing this anyway there is
> little need to exchange the addresses beforehand. Depending on the
type

Well, the GPRS RTT on networks I've measured *is* around one second,
so if we didn't have to wait until our WLAN address lost its
connectivity to exchange addresses, that could be lovely...

> of rehoming authentication used it may be necessary to set up
> authentication state before rehoming happens.
>
> > 3) On a transport event such as retransmission time-out, probe
> > alternate
> > pairs of src/dest addresses, and pick a "better one" if available.
>
> Agree.
>
> Question: do we want to do this on a per transport session basis, or
do
> we move an address and all transports running over it in one go when
a
> rehoming event occurs?

Well, someone got up in Minneapolis and said, "don't bother rehoming
my e-mail connection, because I would rather keep retrieving e-mail
over my WWAN connection than interrupt retrievals every time I lost my
WLAN connection". If these seems desireable, it's probably
per-transport-session; if not, it's probably per-address, unless we
want to go down the ToS/CoS path.

>
> > I would note that a lot of the communication we have today do not
meet
> > the "worth it" requirement. The top applications in the Internet
today
> > are web pages, which mostly consist of a large number of very
short
> > exchanges, and p2p file sharing, which includes its own
application
> > level tools to deal with multi-homing.
>
> Even though it's probably not worth the trouble to protect the
> individual TCP sessions towards a web server (but protecting large
> downloads over HTTP would be very useful), it would still be good to
> have fairly seamless failover to another address when a web address
> fails. I'm sure Amazon or Ebay wouldn't want to run the risk of
losing
> customers because of reachability issues by depending on web
browsers
> to do the right thing. But this assumes the protection is active at
the
> IP address level rather than the transport protocol level.

Christian's opinion is true for per-object HTTP connections, a little
less true for persistent HTTP connections, little less true for
persistent HTTP connections to a proxy, and a little less true for
persistent HTTP connections when the browser is using pipelining. It's
a pity that we can't include some notion of "this is a large object"
in HTML, of course.

Spencer




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  2 09:00:29 2003
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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Christian Huitema" <huitema@windows.microsoft.com>,
        "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>,
        <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
Cc: "Iljitsch van Beijnum" <iljitsch@muada.com>,
        "Multi6 Mailing List" <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2003 14:51:38 +0100
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Hi Christian,

> My preferred time-line would be:

I agree with most of this outline, just a question...

>
> 1) Start a communication using one of the available pairs of src/dest
> addresses.
> 2) If the communication is determined to be worth it (i.e. last long
> enough), engage in "multi-homing signaling" to obtain a "set of
> equivalent addresses"

Wouldn't be possible to exchange additional information once that the outage
has been detected?
This sound a bit strange, i know...
But suppose we are using something like SIM
We start the communication using the AID a one locator without any kind of
validation of the AID
If no outage occurs, the communication continues and no extra overhead is
introduced.
If an outage occurs, the endpoints detect it (for instance helped by the
transport or application layer)
At that time, they start using different source addresses and see if they
reach the other end (this packet has to contain also some validation
information, linking the initial AID with the new source locator)
Now, when the other end receives a packet with a different source address
(and validation information), it starts sending to this new address.

This approach allows to avoid any additional packet exchange until an outage
occurs (when it is needed)

Do you think this may work?

regards, marcelo


> 3) On a transport event such as retransmission time-out, probe alternate
> pairs of src/dest addresses, and pick a "better one" if available.
>
> I would note that a lot of the communication we have today do not meet
> the "worth it" requirement. The top applications in the Internet today
> are web pages, which mostly consist of a large number of very short
> exchanges, and p2p file sharing, which includes its own application
> level tools to deal with multi-homing.
>
> -- Christian Huitema
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  2 10:53:21 2003
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Iljitsch;

>> 1) Start a communication using one of the available pairs of src/dest
>> addresses.
>> 2) If the communication is determined to be worth it (i.e. last long
>> enough), engage in "multi-homing signaling" to obtain a "set of
>> equivalent addresses"
> 
> 
> Hm, this is problematic. Simply exchanging addresses isn't good enough, 
> as this allows for redirection attacks. So the addresses must be 
> validated by using them in a way that can't be spoofed by a third party. 
> I.e., one side must contact the other using a new address and include 
> authentication information that tells the correspondent it's still 
> talking to the same party. If we're doing this anyway there is little 
> need to exchange the addresses beforehand.

Redirection is inherent to the Internet and is no issue.

The approach is simply wrong, because it is connection oriented.

> Depending on the type of 
> rehoming authentication used it may be necessary to set up 
> authentication state before rehoming happens.

Rehoming has nothing to do with multihoming.

A singly homed host can rehome. A dual homed host may keep using
the homes forever without rehoming.

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec  4 16:59:04 2003
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Erik,

EN> Do you intentionally want the definition of endpoint to be open to
EN> the endpoint being any of
EN>  - (an instance of) the IP protocol processing on a node
EN>  - a IP service access point (i.e. the point where the transport protocols
EN>    attach to IP)
EN>  - a transport service access point 
EN>  - something higher up in the protocol stack

1.  I want the term to be precise.  Anything in the definition that
permits ambiguity is a bad thing, in my view.  So you should assume
that any of the text I offered that results in ambiguity is an error
in my text and needs to be fixed.

2. The difference in focus, between IP processing, transport
processing, and application processing is exactly what makes all this
difficult.  I am loathe to believe that we need lots of new terms.  So
I think we need to understand exactly how we want to use this one (or
two) new term(s) and then calculate the definition back from it.

And, yes, the fact that I am not giving you a more concrete response
is intentional. I've offered some specific text.  I want others to fix
it.  (Or, rather, I can't come up with anything better...)


EN> The reason I'm asking is because there are proposals that explore the
EN> first three in the list. If you want to keep the definition open
EN> to applying at different layers it would be good to make that very explicit
EN> in the definition.

I think it will serve us well to _start_ with reference to a local
instance of an application, and then derive text back from it.
Focusing only on the lower layers causes us to miss what is most
interesting and useful, I fear.



d/
--
 Dave Crocker <dcrocker-at-brandenburg-dot-com>
 Brandenburg InternetWorking <www.brandenburg.com>
 Sunnyvale, CA  USA <tel:+1.408.246.8253>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  5 06:06:10 2003
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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2003 11:56:52 +0100
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Hi,

Perhaps there is an additional attack that should be included in the threat
draft

The attack would be something like this

an attacker X wants to impersonate another host B in future communications
initiated by A to B

(i will use mip notation to simplify)

X sends to A a sort of BU binding X as the CoA and B as the HoA (in order to
do this X may need to be on the path between A and B, but if this is only
for a short period of time that attack can be successful)
If the attacker has a mean to maintain the binding in host A (for instance
sending periodic pings to it or other packets that will end up being
discarded by the ULP), then when eventually A wants to communicate with B, A
will send packets to X

Do you think this is a real threat?
IMHO, this is the real attack that can be prevented by limiting BCE in mip6.

I think this threat is not considered in the threat draft...
IMHO this is related to the attacks included in the 4.1.2 section about
premeditated redirection but i don't think that it is inlcuded there.

the example considered in the threat draft is that  A and B will comunicate,
so X sends a BU to B containing A as a HoA and X as a CoA
then the described attack continues considering that A tries to communicate
with B and the problems that arise

The attack described above is about the case when B initiates the
communication. IMHO this is potentially more dangerous, because probably X
will be able to impersonate A, and B will actually believe that it is
communicating with A when he is actually communicating with X

So if you think this is important enough to be included, i can try to write
a paragraph about it if you want.

Regards, marcelo




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  5 06:35:46 2003
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marcelo;

> X sends to A a sort of BU binding X as the CoA and B as the HoA (in order to
> do this X may need to be on the path between A and B, but if this is only
> for a short period of time that attack can be successful)

MITM can do almost anything, of course.

> Do you think this is a real threat?

No, of course.

> the example considered in the threat draft is that  A and B will comunicate,

ALl you need is a threat draft with plain IP.

> (i will use mip notation to simplify)

Just FYI, MIPv6 or any mobility protocol with triangular
elimination can be a cause of new type of threat, even
though no MITM is involed.

However, triangular emilination is an important feature of MIPv6
and it has nothing to do with multi6.

						Masataka Ohta





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Cc: Multi6 Mailing List <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
From: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>
Subject: Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2003 12:57:51 +0100
To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
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On 4-dec-03, at 22:56, Dave Crocker wrote:

> EN>  - (an instance of) the IP protocol processing on a node
> EN>  - a IP service access point (i.e. the point where the
> EN>    transport protocols attach to IP)
> EN>  - a transport service access point
> EN>  - something higher up in the protocol stack

[...]

> And, yes, the fact that I am not giving you a more concrete response
> is intentional. I've offered some specific text.  I want others to fix
> it.  (Or, rather, I can't come up with anything better...)

We can't fix your definition for you if we don't know what you want to 
define...

> I think it will serve us well to _start_ with reference to a local
> instance of an application, and then derive text back from it.
> Focusing only on the lower layers causes us to miss what is most
> interesting and useful, I fear.

Aggregating processes into applications, applications under a single 
ULP and ULPs under IP helps minimize the amount of work that an 
implementation needs to do, which is good CPU/bandwidth and delay wise.




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  5 11:47:40 2003
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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
Cc: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2003 17:38:12 +0100
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> > X sends to A a sort of BU binding X as the CoA and B as the HoA
> (in order to
> > do this X may need to be on the path between A and B, but if
> this is only
> > for a short period of time that attack can be successful)
>
> MITM can do almost anything, of course.

Well, this is not striclty related with MiTM attack, but with redirection
for future usage, let me try to explain.

some multihoming support mechanism send a message from one node to its
correspondent node on a communication that basically contians the following
information:
I am A, i.e. my identifier is A
and
I am located at B, i.e. my locator is B

in sum this means that A can be reached at location B

The receiver of such message has to verify both the identity and the
location

If the location is not verified, flooding attacks are possible

If the identity is not verified, identity can be hijacked

Direct impersonation attacks are those where the attacker is the one that
attempts to establish the communication pretending to be another node (which
are already considered in the draft IMHO)

The attack that i am considering is about hijacking identitity but not in a
direct form, as above but in a reverse form. In this case hte attacker
creates some false state in the victim, so that in the future, when the
victim attempts to communicate with a given server, it will direct its
packets to the attacker,(who will be able to impersonate the server)

Now, there are different proposals to verify the identity, depending on the
type of identifier that it is being used.

If ip addresses are used as identifiers (as in the case of mip), return
routability can be used to verify the identity.
the problem in this case, is that the attacker can play as a MITM for a
*limited* period of time and manage to beat the verification mechanism as
long as the acquired authorization information is valid.

This implies that return routability cannot be used to protect from this
attacks, since this allows transient MITM to achieve the same effect of
permanent MITM, which IMHO is bad.

So, the proposed attack is not really related with MITM, but is more generic
However, transient MITM can manage to launch this attack when some specific
solution (such as return routability) are used (during the lifetime of the
verification information in the attacked node)

>
> > Do you think this is a real threat?
>
> No, of course.
>
> > the example considered in the threat draft is that  A and B
> will comunicate,
>
> ALl you need is a threat draft with plain IP.
>
> > (i will use mip notation to simplify)
>
> Just FYI, MIPv6 or any mobility protocol with triangular
> elimination can be a cause of new type of threat, even
> though no MITM is involed.
>
> However, triangular emilination is an important feature of MIPv6
> and it has nothing to do with multi6.

I was just using mip terminology in order to make an example, but i guess
this was not a good choice, sorry for the confusion that this may have
caused.

Regards, marcelo


>
> 						Masataka Ohta
>
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec  6 11:36:29 2003
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From: Brian E Carpenter <brc@zurich.ibm.com>
Organization: IBM
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To: Spencer Dawkins <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
CC: Multi6 Mailing List <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
References: <DAC3FCB50E31C54987CD10797DA511BA065CA72F@WIN-MSG-10.wingroup.windeploy.ntdev.microsoft.com> <2AFFEB20-24B0-11D8-A441-000A95CD987A@muada.com> <00c001c3b8d2$23a22e20$0400a8c0@DFNJGL21>
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One of our current objectives is to start architectural breakdown
and analysis. It seems to me there is an architectural boundary
right in this thread - something to do with separating the detection
of an address dropout (the address in use is suddenly no good)
from fixing it (fast recovery a la SCTP if we care, or waiting for
network layer and routing to select a new address if we are not
in a hurry).

   Brian

Spencer Dawkins wrote:
> 
> Just a couple of notes here...
> 
> Spencer
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Iljitsch van Beijnum" <iljitsch@muada.com>
> To: "Christian Huitema" <huitema@windows.microsoft.com>
> Cc: "Multi6 Mailing List" <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, December 02, 2003 4:13 AM
> Subject: Re: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
> 
> > On 1-dec-03, at 18:18, Christian Huitema wrote:
> >
> > > My preferred time-line would be:
> >
> > > 1) Start a communication using one of the available pairs of
> src/dest
> > > addresses.
> > > 2) If the communication is determined to be worth it (i.e. last
> long
> > > enough), engage in "multi-homing signaling" to obtain a "set of
> > > equivalent addresses"
> >
> > Hm, this is problematic. Simply exchanging addresses isn't good
> enough,
> > as this allows for redirection attacks. So the addresses must be
> > validated by using them in a way that can't be spoofed by a third
> > party. I.e., one side must contact the other using a new address and
> > include authentication information that tells the correspondent it's
> > still talking to the same party. If we're doing this anyway there is
> > little need to exchange the addresses beforehand. Depending on the
> type
> 
> Well, the GPRS RTT on networks I've measured *is* around one second,
> so if we didn't have to wait until our WLAN address lost its
> connectivity to exchange addresses, that could be lovely...
> 
> > of rehoming authentication used it may be necessary to set up
> > authentication state before rehoming happens.
> >
> > > 3) On a transport event such as retransmission time-out, probe
> > > alternate
> > > pairs of src/dest addresses, and pick a "better one" if available.
> >
> > Agree.
> >
> > Question: do we want to do this on a per transport session basis, or
> do
> > we move an address and all transports running over it in one go when
> a
> > rehoming event occurs?
> 
> Well, someone got up in Minneapolis and said, "don't bother rehoming
> my e-mail connection, because I would rather keep retrieving e-mail
> over my WWAN connection than interrupt retrievals every time I lost my
> WLAN connection". If these seems desireable, it's probably
> per-transport-session; if not, it's probably per-address, unless we
> want to go down the ToS/CoS path.
> 
> >
> > > I would note that a lot of the communication we have today do not
> meet
> > > the "worth it" requirement. The top applications in the Internet
> today
> > > are web pages, which mostly consist of a large number of very
> short
> > > exchanges, and p2p file sharing, which includes its own
> application
> > > level tools to deal with multi-homing.
> >
> > Even though it's probably not worth the trouble to protect the
> > individual TCP sessions towards a web server (but protecting large
> > downloads over HTTP would be very useful), it would still be good to
> > have fairly seamless failover to another address when a web address
> > fails. I'm sure Amazon or Ebay wouldn't want to run the risk of
> losing
> > customers because of reachability issues by depending on web
> browsers
> > to do the right thing. But this assumes the protection is active at
> the
> > IP address level rather than the transport protocol level.
> 
> Christian's opinion is true for per-object HTTP connections, a little
> less true for persistent HTTP connections, little less true for
> persistent HTTP connections to a proxy, and a little less true for
> persistent HTTP connections when the browser is using pipelining. It's
> a pity that we can't include some notion of "this is a large object"
> in HTML, of course.
> 
> Spencer

-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Brian E Carpenter 
Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 

NEW ADDRESS <brc@zurich.ibm.com> PLEASE UPDATE ADDRESS BOOK





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec  6 11:36:43 2003
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To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
CC: multi6@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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After some travel and some flu, I've caught up with this thread, but I 
think it's clearer to comment on Dave's original post.

Firstly, co-chair hat on, we need consistent terminology. When we use a
word, we should all try to use it in the same sense. In the end, we may need
a specific multi6 terminology draft. It is also best if we use existing
definitions rather than inventing our own with subtle changes. So, for example,
if we do use "stack" let's agree on the NSRG definition unless we have a
very strong reason to change it. Otherwise, confusion lies ahead.

Co-chair hat off. Personal comments below.

Dave Crocker wrote:
> 
> Folks,
> 
> draft-crocker-mast-analysis (which will be
> draft-crocker-multiaddr-analysis in its next version) has a section
> for defining some terms.  The section has been prompted by exactly the
> kind of vagueness that the current thread is also trying to fix.
> 
> My primary interest is in having precise definitions that we all find
> useful and use consistently. Some of the current versions of
> definitions in the draft are:
> 
>    Endpoint
> 
>            refers to "the fundamental entity of and end-end
>            communication" [EID]. It is an end-system that participates
>            in an association. Endpoints are distinguished from
>            intermediate, infrastructure nodes and from hosts.

Yes. But this is too generic to be really very useful... and trying to
get more precision always ends in a rat hole.

> 
>    Identifier
> 
>            refers to a unique label for an endpoint. The label is used
>            simply for distinguishing one endpoint from another.

But to use OSI terminology, this doesn't tell me enough, because I don't know 
whether you are talking about a layer 2, 3, 4 or higher endpoint. That's the
advantage of "stack" - we know it's layer 3.

>            Because a locator is usually globally unique, it might be

I wish. But every single time I travel, I find myself ending up with an
identifier that *isn't* globally unique. I don't think "usually" is at all
accurate. "supposedly unique" might be more accurate.

>            able to serve as an identifier. However this use will often
>            suffer administrative and referential limitations as a
>            global identifier for mobile endpoints. This is exemplified
>            by the current problems experienced with the dual role of
>            IP Addresses.

I don't think so. You're correct of course that id/loc overlap is a problem
with mobility. But the problems *today* are caused mainly by non-uniqueness
and that is what is exemplified each time you hook up in a hotel.

> 
> Suggestions for improving the text are eagerly sought.
> 
> As with others, I do not think it is useful to have ID refer to an
> interface.  Stack, endpoint or process all seem more helpful.

True. Interfaces are a somewhat elastic concept and not interesting
at systems level. Personally I prefer NSRG-stack to endpoint, because
as mentioned above it has more precision.

> 
> Speaking of 'stack', what definition text would folks like.  The NSRG
> paper introduces the construct nicely, but I'm not sure the text there
> is what we should live with.

Do you have precise criticisms of that definition?

> 
> For that matter, what is the difference between endpoint and stack?

As an ex-NSRG member, I can tell you that "stack" was chosen because
people couldn't reach precise consensus on what "end point" means. 

   Brian




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec  6 15:12:06 2003
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Reply-To: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
From: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
To: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
References: <5420088946.20031127153922@brandenburg.com> <3FD2033D.F15984CB@zurich.ibm.com>
Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
Date: Sat, 6 Dec 2003 14:07:28 -0600
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Dear Brian,

Excellent. So we have someone who can channel the spirit of NSRG...

You may have been buried while traveling and recovering (and I
apologize for contributing to your e-mail load), but I wonder if you
could comment on my question about "dual-stack" - is a dual-stacked
host one thing or two, in the NSRG sense of the term "stack"?

Spencer

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Brian E Carpenter" <brc@zurich.ibm.com>
To: "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>
Cc: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Sent: Saturday, December 06, 2003 10:26 AM
Subject: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation
Proposals]


> After some travel and some flu, I've caught up with this thread, but
I
> think it's clearer to comment on Dave's original post.
>
> Firstly, co-chair hat on, we need consistent terminology. When we
use a
> word, we should all try to use it in the same sense. In the end, we
may need
> a specific multi6 terminology draft. It is also best if we use
existing
> definitions rather than inventing our own with subtle changes. So,
for example,
> if we do use "stack" let's agree on the NSRG definition unless we
have a
> very strong reason to change it. Otherwise, confusion lies ahead.
>
> Co-chair hat off. Personal comments below.
>
> Dave Crocker wrote:
> >
> > Folks,
> >
> > draft-crocker-mast-analysis (which will be
> > draft-crocker-multiaddr-analysis in its next version) has a
section
> > for defining some terms.  The section has been prompted by exactly
the
> > kind of vagueness that the current thread is also trying to fix.
> >
> > My primary interest is in having precise definitions that we all
find
> > useful and use consistently. Some of the current versions of
> > definitions in the draft are:
> >
> >    Endpoint
> >
> >            refers to "the fundamental entity of and end-end
> >            communication" [EID]. It is an end-system that
participates
> >            in an association. Endpoints are distinguished from
> >            intermediate, infrastructure nodes and from hosts.
>
> Yes. But this is too generic to be really very useful... and trying
to
> get more precision always ends in a rat hole.
>
> >
> >    Identifier
> >
> >            refers to a unique label for an endpoint. The label is
used
> >            simply for distinguishing one endpoint from another.
>
> But to use OSI terminology, this doesn't tell me enough, because I
don't know
> whether you are talking about a layer 2, 3, 4 or higher endpoint.
That's the
> advantage of "stack" - we know it's layer 3.
>
> >            Because a locator is usually globally unique, it might
be
>
> I wish. But every single time I travel, I find myself ending up with
an
> identifier that *isn't* globally unique. I don't think "usually" is
at all
> accurate. "supposedly unique" might be more accurate.
>
> >            able to serve as an identifier. However this use will
often
> >            suffer administrative and referential limitations as a
> >            global identifier for mobile endpoints. This is
exemplified
> >            by the current problems experienced with the dual role
of
> >            IP Addresses.
>
> I don't think so. You're correct of course that id/loc overlap is a
problem
> with mobility. But the problems *today* are caused mainly by
non-uniqueness
> and that is what is exemplified each time you hook up in a hotel.
>
> >
> > Suggestions for improving the text are eagerly sought.
> >
> > As with others, I do not think it is useful to have ID refer to an
> > interface.  Stack, endpoint or process all seem more helpful.
>
> True. Interfaces are a somewhat elastic concept and not interesting
> at systems level. Personally I prefer NSRG-stack to endpoint,
because
> as mentioned above it has more precision.
>
> >
> > Speaking of 'stack', what definition text would folks like.  The
NSRG
> > paper introduces the construct nicely, but I'm not sure the text
there
> > is what we should live with.
>
> Do you have precise criticisms of that definition?
>
> >
> > For that matter, what is the difference between endpoint and
stack?
>
> As an ex-NSRG member, I can tell you that "stack" was chosen because
> people couldn't reach precise consensus on what "end point" means.
>
>    Brian
>
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec  6 17:49:56 2003
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Brian;

> One of our current objectives is to start architectural breakdown
> and analysis.

Huh? At Minneapolis, you denied my proposal to have architectural
document, because most of us can 't do it.

Why and how have you changed your mind?

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec  6 17:54:29 2003
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To: Brian E Carpenter <brc@zurich.ibm.com>
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Brian;

> It is also best if we use existing
> definitions rather than inventing our own with subtle changes.

It is best not to introduce any terminology, even though someone
recently gave some random definition on some word.

> So, for example,
> if we do use "stack"

Don't try to introduce useless terminology.

					Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec  6 18:01:49 2003
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    > From: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>

    > So we have someone who can channel the spirit of NSRG...

Several people, actually...

    > I wonder if you could comment on my question about "dual-stack" - is a
    > dual-stacked host one thing or two, in the NSRG sense of the term
    > "stack"?

The thing is, I think part of the reason the NSRG settled on the term "stack"
(and I don't agree that Brian's take on why is complete, but I'll get to that
separately) is that it was *not* a carefully defined term, and so people
could agree that we needed to name "stacks" without coming to complete
agreement on what a "stack" was.

I'm not sure the NSRG ever did come to any kind of consensus on what a
"stack" was - but I'm pretty sure it had overtones of a collection of things
at *different* layers, including the application - as in "the complete
protocol stack".

For myself, to answer a previous question from Dave, I never could see a clear
difference between "stack" and "endpoint" (as originally defined in
http://users.exis.net/~jnc/tech/endpoints.txt).  If anyone can clearly explain
to me the difference between a "stack" and an "endpoint", I'd be interested -
but in the absence of such a clear distinction, I'll continue to treat them as
synoonyms.


So in that context, using the definition of endpoint as "a fate-sharing
region which is one end of an end-end communication", your question does not
have a definite answer, because it depends on how the "dual-stack" host is
implemented.

If the two protocol stacks are inextracably bound together (and probably to
that machine as well), then they are a single "endpoint", and thus a single
"NSRG stack". (They still might have different *names* in each protocol stack
- remember that a *name for a thing* is NOT *the thing itself*.)

If they are implemented such that either protocol stack can up and go off to
another machine, or something, then yeah they are separate endpoints/N-stacks.

	Noel



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marcelo;

>>>for a short period of time that attack can be successful)
>>
>>MITM can do almost anything, of course.

> Well, this is not striclty related with MiTM attack, but with redirection
> for future usage, let me try to explain.

X on the same shared link as A is a specific form of MITM.

> If ip addresses are used as identifiers (as in the case of mip), return
> routability can be used to verify the identity.
> the problem in this case, is that the attacker can play as a MITM for a
> *limited* period of time and manage to beat the verification mechanism as
> long as the acquired authorization information is valid.

Yes, it is a MITM.

As a MITM, an attacker can, for example, contaminate DNS cache for
persistent effect.

> This implies that return routability cannot be used to protect from this
> attacks, since this allows transient MITM to achieve the same effect of
> permanent MITM, which IMHO is bad.

It is merely that RR can not be a protection against MITM.

That is a generic statement.

> So, the proposed attack is not really related with MITM, but is more generic

The attack is a specific, not generic, form of MITM attack.

> However, transient MITM can manage to launch this attack when some specific
> solution (such as return routability) are used (during the lifetime of the
> verification information in the attacked node)

DoS is so easy.

DoS by MITM is totally destructive that almost no security
mechanism works.

If you don't assume PKI, MITM will invalidate both cookies and
public key cryptographic technologies including but not limited
to DH.

If you assume PKI, compromised CAs are virtually MITM that there
is no real added security. ISPs are as realiable as CAs that there
is no point on relying on PKI instead of RR. It should also be noted
that, lacking cook protection, DoS effect of computationally
expensive public key cryptography is fatal.

In either case, attack by transient MITM at the time of initial
cryptographic computation (with DH or PKI) will be effective
for the lifetime.

The only meaningful protection is by having common secret in advance
and althenticate all the packets, though the approach does not scale.

So far, nothing is mult6 specific.

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Sun Dec  7 05:39:40 2003
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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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> > Well, this is not striclty related with MiTM attack, but with
> redirection
> > for future usage, let me try to explain.
>
> X on the same shared link as A is a specific form of MITM.
>
> > If ip addresses are used as identifiers (as in the case of mip), return
> > routability can be used to verify the identity.
> > the problem in this case, is that the attacker can play as a MITM for a
> > *limited* period of time and manage to beat the verification
> mechanism as
> > long as the acquired authorization information is valid.
>
> Yes, it is a MITM.

in THIS case, is MiTM for a limited period of time. (Please note the
difference between an attack that requires MiTM during the complete attack
and an attack that only requires MiTM during a short period of time and
allowing that the attack to go on after the attacker is no longer a MiTM)

but in other cases, you may not even need to be a MiTM
For instance if you don't do any type of verification of the identity. In
this case you don't even have to intercept packets. this would apply for
instance to the delayed set-up. for instance, suppose that we are using the
delayed setup model. I send my id and my locator without any verification
and i end up the communication before the verification is performed. then
what happens to the state binding the identifier and the locator? if this
state is preserved, the correspondent node may use it when establishing
communication with the identifier previously used (but not verified). So in
order to prevent this, the state should not be used for other
communications.

OTOH, i really don't see how a MiTM can steal an identity when you are using
SIM, for instance. I mean, the identity is the hash of the public key, so
the only way to fake the identity would be to be capable of generating the
private key... so i don't see how the MiTM could ever do this?


>
> As a MITM, an attacker can, for example, contaminate DNS cache for
> persistent effect.
>

Well, there is a little difference here...

As i mention, in the case that i am considering is the attacker the ones
that decides when the state is generated in the victim, so the attacker can
choose the moment that it is easier for him to do this.
In the DNS case, the attacker has to wait for the DNS query and intercept
it. So the attacker doesn't select the moment of the attack, it has to wait
the right moment

regards, marcelo




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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1


On l=F6rdag, dec 6, 2003, at 17:26 Europe/Stockholm, Brian E Carpenter=20=

wrote:

>>    Endpoint
>>
>>            refers to "the fundamental entity of and end-end
>>            communication" [EID]. It is an end-system that =
participates
>>            in an association. Endpoints are distinguished from
>>            intermediate, infrastructure nodes and from hosts.
>
> Yes. But this is too generic to be really very useful... and trying to
> get more precision always ends in a rat hole.
>

couldn't we split this into a several definitions. Like

	Host  		Describes a physical instance connected to the =
internet for=20
the purpose of a certain task, such as workstation, web-server etc.
				A host can have multiple idenntifiers =
and locators

	Virtual host	Several logical implementations of "Host" =
running on one=20
or more physical instances.

	Stack 		(see NSRG....)

	Interface		The connection point for a host or =
virtual host to the=20
Internet. This COULD be through a Stack..xxxxxx

	Endpoint		refers to "the fundamental entity of and =
end-end=20
communication" . It is an end-system that participates in an=20
association. The associations can be made between one or 			=
	more hosts=20
or virtual hosts.

	Identifier	SHOULD provide a unique identity to be used for =
creating=20
associations between Endpoints.

	Association	The exchange or one-way communication between =
applications=20
at layer 4 or higher between XXXX
		.
		.
		.
		.

etc. Idea is to try and create a "onion" of definitions. Just go to the=20=

right layer. The above is to vague tough...

- - kurtis -
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Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
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marcelo;

>>>long as the acquired authorization information is valid.
>>
>>Yes, it is a MITM.
> 
> 
> in THIS case, is MiTM for a limited period of time.

In this case and in other cases, yes.

> but in other cases, you may not even need to be a MiTM
> For instance if you don't do any type of verification of the identity.

An invalid example.

On the Internet, RR based verification is MUST, which has nothing
to do with M6, which is why I said you need security threat draft
on the plain Internet today.

> OTOH, i really don't see how a MiTM can steal an identity when you are using
> SIM, for instance. I mean, the identity is the hash of the public key, so
> the only way to fake the identity would be to be capable of generating the
> private key... so i don't see how the MiTM could ever do this?

I assume you know well about marrige theory or birthday attack. So,
if you are serious on security, hash should be 128 bit long of MD5,
at least, though some people insist that MD5 is insecure and it
should be 160 bit long of SHA.

So, let's assume that the hash is 128 bit long.

Note that the hashed value is psuedo random.

The direct conclusion is that no one can memorize or type a psuedo
random 32 hexadicimal value.

That is, no human being identify hosts by 128 bit or longer hash
value.

So, what are you saying "the only way to fake the identity"?

Can't you just say "DNS"?

Note also that, on the public Internet, please don't assume that
you locally have all the hash values of public keys of hosts
you want to communicate. Or, you can assume that you locally
have all the public or shared keys of all the hosts. With the
shared keys, just use IPsec or something like that.

>>As a MITM, an attacker can, for example, contaminate DNS cache for
>>persistent effect.

> Well, there is a little difference here...
> 
> As i mention, in the case that i am considering is the attacker the ones
> that decides when the state is generated in the victim, so the attacker can
> choose the moment that it is easier for him to do this.
> In the DNS case, the attacker has to wait for the DNS query and intercept
> it. So the attacker doesn't select the moment of the attack, it has to wait
> the right moment

An attacker can control when state is generated in a victim, if
the attacker initiate communication with the victim and if the
state is not already cached.

In the DNS case, state is generated in a victim as a result of
DNS query. The DNS is queried when communication is initiated.

In the DNS case, an attacker can control when state is generated
in a victim, if the attacker initiate communication with the
victim and if the state is not already cached. The attacker does
select the moment of the attack.

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 03:40:49 2003
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To: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
CC: Brian E Carpenter <brc@zurich.ibm.com>,
        Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, multi6@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Kurt;

>>Yes. But this is too generic to be really very useful... and trying to
>>get more precision always ends in a rat hole.
>>
> 
> 
> couldn't we split this into a several definitions.

No, thank you.

Why you and Brian (even with WG chair hat on) are disturbbing
constructive discussion by insisting on introducing useless
terminology?

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 04:15:19 2003
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From: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>
Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 10:13:19 +0100
To: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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On 8-dec-03, at 9:41, Masataka Ohta wrote:

> Why you and Brian (even with WG chair hat on) are disturbbing
> constructive discussion by insisting on introducing useless
> terminology?

While I don't think that having precise terminology is useless, it's 
probably better to work on solutions now and solve terminology issues 
later. If not, we run the risk of very precisely defining things that 
we're not going to use anyway.




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 05:59:58 2003
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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
Cc: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 11:50:53 +0100
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> > but in other cases, you may not even need to be a MiTM
> > For instance if you don't do any type of verification of the identity.
>
> An invalid example.
>
> On the Internet, RR based verification is MUST,

Why?
because there are some threats that have to be avoided. This one is just one
of them. Others are presented in the treats draft. IMHO we have to be aware
of all the threats so that we can design a proper solution. this is the goal
of the threats draft,i guess. (so that if someone comes up with an invalid
solution like the one i have used in the example, you can just point to the
threats document and simply say that the solution doesn't prevent threat
described in section 7.8 and you don't have to explain the problem all over
again, it becomes the author's responsability to show how his solution
prevents the threats described)

Besides, do you think that RR is a must for verifying locators or
identifiers o both?
I may agree with RR as a locator verification mechanisms, but i am not so
sure about its application as an identifier validation mechanism


> which has nothing to do with M6,

Is this a general comment or just specific to the threat i am descibing? i
mean do you think that all threats described in the threat draft are not M6
specific?


> which is why I said you need security threat draft on the plain Internet
today.

Well, the threats draft attempts to do soemthing similar to this... have you
checked section 3 of the draft?
Perhaps you could point what additional attacks are possible in the current
internet that are not considered there?

just to understand your position:
do you think we need a threat analysis draft?

>
> > OTOH, i really don't see how a MiTM can steal an identity when
> you are using
> > SIM, for instance. I mean, the identity is the hash of the
> public key, so
> > the only way to fake the identity would be to be capable of
> generating the
> > private key... so i don't see how the MiTM could ever do this?
>
> I assume you know well about marrige theory or birthday attack. So,
> if you are serious on security, hash should be 128 bit long of MD5,
> at least, though some people insist that MD5 is insecure and it
> should be 160 bit long of SHA.
>
> So, let's assume that the hash is 128 bit long.
>
> Note that the hashed value is psuedo random.
>
> The direct conclusion is that no one can memorize or type a psuedo
> random 32 hexadicimal value.
>
> That is, no human being identify hosts by 128 bit or longer hash
> value.
>
> So, what are you saying "the only way to fake the identity"?
>
> Can't you just say "DNS"?
>

No, because tcp don't use dns names to identify an endpoint involved in a
connection, it uses 128 bit long string. This 128 bit long string is the
identity of the other endpoint. So if you want to prevent the impersonation
of this identity, it seems a good idea to use the (hash) of the public key
as the identity.

OTOH i see your point. People don't use 128 bit long strings direclty, so
the weak point will be the mapping from the DNS to the strong identity. Well
this is choice we will have to make, i guess.
We can build a strong identity that may become a piece of a more secure
architecture (such as sim) or we can just try to find a solution that is
just as secure as today internet (like the noid approach) and wait for
security improvements in other areas, like in DNS security.

> Note also that, on the public Internet, please don't assume that
> you locally have all the hash values of public keys of hosts
> you want to communicate. Or, you can assume that you locally
> have all the public or shared keys of all the hosts. With the
> shared keys, just use IPsec or something like that.
>
> >>As a MITM, an attacker can, for example, contaminate DNS cache for
> >>persistent effect.
>
> > Well, there is a little difference here...
> >
> > As i mention, in the case that i am considering is the attacker the ones
> > that decides when the state is generated in the victim, so the
> attacker can
> > choose the moment that it is easier for him to do this.
> > In the DNS case, the attacker has to wait for the DNS query and
> intercept
> > it. So the attacker doesn't select the moment of the attack, it
> has to wait
> > the right moment
>
> An attacker can control when state is generated in a victim, if
> the attacker initiate communication with the victim and if the
> state is not already cached.
>
> In the DNS case, state is generated in a victim as a result of
> DNS query. The DNS is queried when communication is initiated.
>
> In the DNS case, an attacker can control when state is generated
> in a victim, if the attacker initiate communication with the
> victim and if the state is not already cached. The attacker does
> select the moment of the attack.
>

I fail to see this...
The dns query is performed by the initator if the communication.
The responding end of the communications does not perform a DNS query (in
general), it just sends back packets to the source address and it is not
even aware of the name of the initator.
So since the attacker is the one initiating the communication, the attacker
is the one that performs the dns query. The victim does not perform a DNS
query, so how comes that the victims DNS cache is attacked?

Regards, marcelo

> 							Masataka Ohta
>
>
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 06:05:43 2003
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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Kurt Erik Lindqvist" <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>,
        "Brian E Carpenter" <brc@zurich.ibm.com>
Cc: "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 11:57:39 +0100
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Hi Kurtis,

My problem with this is that i fail to see differences between some of the
terms that are being defined...
For instance stack, endpoint perhaps virtual host...

I mean, is there a difference between this two, if so, do we need them both
for the multi6 discussion? or we can just pick one?

SO i agree we should define as much terms a we feel we need, but we
shouldn't define more that we need, at least we should be able to precisely
describe the difference between the defined terms

IMHO we should just pick one of the above for now and see if it is enough.
By now, i just don't care which one, stack, endpoint...

Regards, marcelo

> -----Mensaje original-----
> De: owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org [mailto:owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org]En
> nombre de Kurt Erik Lindqvist
> Enviado el: domingo, 07 de diciembre de 2003 22:57
> Para: Brian E Carpenter
> CC: Dave Crocker; multi6@ops.ietf.org
> Asunto: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation
> Proposals]
>
>
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
>
> On lördag, dec 6, 2003, at 17:26 Europe/Stockholm, Brian E Carpenter
> wrote:
>
> >>    Endpoint
> >>
> >>            refers to "the fundamental entity of and end-end
> >>            communication" [EID]. It is an end-system that participates
> >>            in an association. Endpoints are distinguished from
> >>            intermediate, infrastructure nodes and from hosts.
> >
> > Yes. But this is too generic to be really very useful... and trying to
> > get more precision always ends in a rat hole.
> >
>
> couldn't we split this into a several definitions. Like
>
> 	Host  		Describes a physical instance connected to
> the internet for
> the purpose of a certain task, such as workstation, web-server etc.
> 				A host can have multiple
> idenntifiers and locators
>
> 	Virtual host	Several logical implementations of "Host"
> running on one
> or more physical instances.
>
> 	Stack 		(see NSRG....)
>
> 	Interface		The connection point for a host or
> virtual host to the
> Internet. This COULD be through a Stack..xxxxxx
>
> 	Endpoint		refers to "the fundamental entity
> of and end-end
> communication" . It is an end-system that participates in an
> association. The associations can be made between one or
> 		more hosts
> or virtual hosts.
>
> 	Identifier	SHOULD provide a unique identity to be used
> for creating
> associations between Endpoints.
>
> 	Association	The exchange or one-way communication
> between applications
> at layer 4 or higher between XXXX
> 		.
> 		.
> 		.
> 		.
>
> etc. Idea is to try and create a "onion" of definitions. Just go to the
> right layer. The above is to vague tough...
>
> - - kurtis -
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
> Version: PGP 8.0.2
>
> iQA/AwUBP9OiFaarNKXTPFCVEQLAxQCfSWOKPPSEtziOtWLOHB7RBEKN/44An22M
> eTwNU1ghLK9M6fPZDz/fLGg7
> =Zfyd
> -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
>
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 07:03:21 2003
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marcelo;

>>>but in other cases, you may not even need to be a MiTM
>>>For instance if you don't do any type of verification of the identity.
>>
>>An invalid example.
>>
>>On the Internet, RR based verification is MUST,
> 
> 
> Why?

Why?

Can you name some protocol that does not do this?

If you can't, guess "why?".

						Masataka Ohta





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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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marcelo;

> IMHO we should just pick one of the above for now and see if it is enough.
> By now, i just don't care which one, stack, endpoint...

What's wrong with the "end system", which is the most authentic
terminology directly related to the end to end principle?

						Masataka Ohta




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 07:28:08 2003
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Reply-To: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
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To: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
References: <LIEEJBCNFDJHFFKJJDPAIECEDHAA.mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es> <3FD46882.3030104@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 06:26:45 -0600
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OK, this is not a helpful response.

If RR based verification really is a MUST, shouldn't that be written
down somewhere (more authoritative than the multi6 mailing list),
along with at least a basic explanation of why?

Can anyone provide a pointer to such a requirement, preferably in an
archival document that is at least BCP (and preferably
standards-track)?

FWIW, the biggest impediment for moving past "the IESG must review and
approve all specifications" is the view that working groups don't
understand requirements like this one. Having WG participants "guess
why" isn't likely to help improve understanding.

Spencer

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
Cc: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, December 08, 2003 6:03 AM
Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
> >>
> >>On the Internet, RR based verification is MUST,
> >
> >
> > Why?
>
> Why?
>
> Can you name some protocol that does not do this?
>
> If you can't, guess "why?".




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 08:15:32 2003
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CC: multi6@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
References: <LIEEJBCNFDJHFFKJJDPAIECEDHAA.mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es> <3FD46882.3030104@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> <005201c3bd86$8b59c790$0400a8c0@DFNJGL21>
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Spencer Dawkins;

> If RR based verification really is a MUST, shouldn't that be written
> down somewhere (more authoritative than the multi6 mailing list),
> along with at least a basic explanation of why?

That's what I said necessary several posts ago.

> Can anyone provide a pointer to such a requirement, preferably in an
> archival document that is at least BCP (and preferably
> standards-track)?
> 
> FWIW, the biggest impediment for moving past "the IESG must review and
> approve all specifications" is the view that working groups don't
> understand requirements like this one. Having WG participants "guess
> why" isn't likely to help improve understanding.

As IESG is ignorant on producing such a document, don't expect me
to overrule it.

							Masataka Ohta





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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
Cc: "Kurt Erik Lindqvist" <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>,
        "Brian E Carpenter" <brc@zurich.ibm.com>,
        "Dave Crocker" <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 14:40:36 +0100
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> What's wrong with the "end system", which is the most authentic
> terminology directly related to the end to end principle?

i guess there is nothing wrong with it, as long as we define it precisely.

could you provide a definition of what do you mean by end system? would it
be similar to JNC's endpoint definiton? or NSRG stack definition?

I mean, are those three different names for the same concept or do we have a
conceptual discrepancy here?
As far as i can understand it, we only have one class of objects and we are
just discussing about the name to name it. That's why i am fine with any
name we choose as long as we define it properly

A more important issue would be that we are considering three different
objects and that we are arguing which one is the fundamental entity that we
should consider in multi6 discussions, but IMHO this is not the case.

Regards, marcelo
>
> 						Masataka Ohta
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 08:56:53 2003
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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
Cc: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 14:48:51 +0100
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> > Why?
>
> Why?
>
> Can you name some protocol that does not do this?

Take mip and remove the rr check.
You are supposedly talking to the HoA but you are sending packets to the
CoA, so you don't have a RR check of the address that you are supposed to be
talking to i.e. the HoA

Again, RR is fine to verify locators but it is not so great to verify
identifiers.

In multi6 where we may need redirection, you cannot assume that RR will be
available to verify identities

Regards, marcelo

>
> If you can't, guess "why?".
>
> 						Masataka Ohta
>
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 08:57:20 2003
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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>, <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
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Hi Spencer,

My interpretation of Masataka comment is the following

When you communicate with another host, you exchange packets with it, so
basically you are performing RR check since you are able to actually
exchange packets. Is this what you meant Masataka?

The problem in multi6 is that since we may need to change the locator during
the lifetime of an established asociation, we may still think that we are
communication with the initial locator while in reallity packets are being
diverted to a new alternative address. In this case, the implicit RR check
is being performed to new locator and not to the initial locator that the
initiating entities think they are communicating to.

So IMHO RR is good to verify locators but not so good to verify identities

Hope this makes some sense

regards, marcelo

> -----Mensaje original-----
> De: owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org [mailto:owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org]En
> nombre de Spencer Dawkins
> Enviado el: lunes, 08 de diciembre de 2003 13:27
> Para: multi6@ops.ietf.org
> Asunto: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
>
>
> OK, this is not a helpful response.
>
> If RR based verification really is a MUST, shouldn't that be written
> down somewhere (more authoritative than the multi6 mailing list),
> along with at least a basic explanation of why?
>
> Can anyone provide a pointer to such a requirement, preferably in an
> archival document that is at least BCP (and preferably
> standards-track)?
>
> FWIW, the biggest impediment for moving past "the IESG must review and
> approve all specifications" is the view that working groups don't
> understand requirements like this one. Having WG participants "guess
> why" isn't likely to help improve understanding.
>
> Spencer
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
> To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
> Cc: <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
> Sent: Monday, December 08, 2003 6:03 AM
> Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
> > >>
> > >>On the Internet, RR based verification is MUST,
> > >
> > >
> > > Why?
> >
> > Why?
> >
> > Can you name some protocol that does not do this?
> >
> > If you can't, guess "why?".
>
>




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 10:40:27 2003
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Hash: SHA1

> My problem with this is that i fail to see differences between some of 
> the
> terms that are being defined...
> For instance stack, endpoint perhaps virtual host...
>
> I mean, is there a difference between this two, if so, do we need them 
> both
> for the multi6 discussion? or we can just pick one?
>
> SO i agree we should define as much terms a we feel we need, but we
> shouldn't define more that we need, at least we should be able to 
> precisely
> describe the difference between the defined terms

I agree with Iljitsch remark that we should focus on the solutions, 
rather than the terminology. At the same time, when there are 
ambiguities that makes us go into spin for a week, I think we do gain 
from having a clear set of terms. Which ones we need and don't need 
will very much depend on which solutions we are looking at. I didn't 
mean to cast the proposal in stone. It was meant as an example. But I 
do think that we need an authoritative list of terminology. But we 
could define that as we go along and needs arises.

- - kurtis -

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Date: Tue, 09 Dec 2003 04:58:41 +0900
From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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To: mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es
CC: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>,
        Brian E Carpenter <brc@zurich.ibm.com>,
        Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, multi6@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
References: <LIEEJBCNFDJHFFKJJDPAOECHDHAA.mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
In-Reply-To: <LIEEJBCNFDJHFFKJJDPAOECHDHAA.mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
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marcelo;

>>What's wrong with the "end system", which is the most authentic
>>terminology directly related to the end to end principle?
> 
> 
> i guess there is nothing wrong with it, as long as we define it precisely.

It is a word appears in RFC1958, editor of which is Brian.

> could you provide a definition of what do you mean by end system? would it
> be similar to JNC's endpoint definiton? or NSRG stack definition?

As I searched reference of the RFC, "end point" seems to be an
alternative wording of "end system" that if JNC is saying "endpoint"
with the difinition of Saltzer's paper, that is fine.

Forget NSRG.

						Masataka Ohta





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Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
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marcelo;

>>>Why?
>>
>>Why?
>>
>>Can you name some protocol that does not do this?

> Take mip and remove the rr check.
> You are supposedly talking to the HoA but you are sending packets to the
> CoA, so you don't have a RR check of the address that you are supposed to be
> talking to i.e. the HoA

You are talking about triangle elimination, which, as I mentioned, is
a cause of new form of redirection attack.

However, it is purely a mobility issue having nothing to do with
multihoming.

A CN and a MN can use all the complex security mechanism to locate
and identify each other. However, it does not prevent MN redirection
of traffic of CN to a DOS victim. The victim can be protected from
DoS, if 8+8 is used, though the network around the victim still suffer.

> Again, RR is fine to verify locators but it is not so great to verify
> identifiers.

RR check involves cookie exchange, which is to verify the identity.
 
> In multi6 where we may need redirection, you cannot assume that RR will be
> available to verify identities

Cookie is our friend.

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  8 19:05:39 2003
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Subject: RE: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2003 15:57:51 -0800
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Thread-Index: AcO3zA70Fd+OkP+2QWGssaNGsl8LawAYLgzAAW50ZhA=
From: "Tony Li" <Tony.Li@procket.com>
To: "Christian Huitema" <huitema@windows.microsoft.com>,
        "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Catching up...

Christian,

I would agree with your timeline but would suggest one small tweak:

Once the "set of equivalent addresses" has been exchanged, then for
implementation reasons, it makes some sense to locate an alternate
set of working addresses BEFORE the transport event happens.  This
is necessary because this is an O(N^2) problem and you don't want
to have to solve it in real time.  Of course, some intelligence
in the host to choose "better" addresses could make for some
implementation differentiation too.

Tony



|  -----Original Message-----
|  From: Christian Huitema [mailto:huitema@windows.microsoft.com]=20
|  Sent: Monday, December 01, 2003 9:19 AM
|  To: Masataka Ohta; dcrocker@brandenburg.com
|  Cc: Iljitsch van Beijnum; Multi6 Mailing List
|  Subject: RE: delayed multihoming/mobility set-up
| =20
| =20
|  > > IvB>  The reason that BGP
|  > > IvB> rerouting can take so long is that the RFC mandates=20
|  a 90 second
|  > hold
|  > > IvB> time,
|  >=20
|  > And a 90 second hold time is already too long.
| =20
|  ... which is why I am convinced that the solution to=20
|  preserving existing
|  communication is closest to "transport protocols" than "routing
|  protocols". The time scale of transport protocols is the=20
|  RTT; the time
|  scale of routing protocols is the minute. If we wait for a=20
|  routing event
|  to be somehow signaled to the transport stack, the connection will be
|  gone. The natural solution is to use a transport event, e.g. a
|  retransmission timer. This event can trigger an end-to-end=20
|  "connection
|  rehoming" exchange.
| =20
|  My preferred time-line would be:
| =20
|  1) Start a communication using one of the available pairs of src/dest
|  addresses.
|  2) If the communication is determined to be worth it (i.e. last long
|  enough), engage in "multi-homing signaling" to obtain a "set of
|  equivalent addresses"
|  3) On a transport event such as retransmission time-out,=20
|  probe alternate
|  pairs of src/dest addresses, and pick a "better one" if available.
| =20
|  I would note that a lot of the communication we have today=20
|  do not meet
|  the "worth it" requirement. The top applications in the=20
|  Internet today
|  are web pages, which mostly consist of a large number of very short
|  exchanges, and p2p file sharing, which includes its own application
|  level tools to deal with multi-homing.=20
| =20
|  -- Christian Huitema
| =20
| =20



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 04:28:20 2003
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Folks,

Just a reminder that we'd like all updated or new drafts describing
possible approaches to solutions for multi6 to be submitted in the
near future. We originally suggested a hard deadline of the end
of December, but since people found that too rigid, let's try for
having all the I-Ds available by mid-January at the latest.
In addition to the existing proposals discussed in Minneapolis,
we are at least expecting HIP and SCTP based contributions.

We do ask that each draft includes a *short* self-assessment against the
goals in RFC 3582. For convenience, please name them as
  draft-AUTHOR-multi6-...

Please remember that one of our objectives is to identify architectural
components that occur in the various proposals.

The co-chairs are acutely aware that the published charter for this
WG is out of date. We do plan to fix that.

   Brian
   multi6 co-chair
-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Brian E Carpenter 
Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 

NEW ADDRESS <brc@zurich.ibm.com> PLEASE UPDATE ADDRESS BOOK



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Ohta-san, we decided to start with the "additionl goals" draft that
Eliot is writing, and to examine the various proposals for their common
architectural features. This does not meaning immediately writing a draft.

   Brian

Masataka Ohta wrote:
> 
> Brian;
> 
> > One of our current objectives is to start architectural breakdown
> > and analysis.
> 
> Huh? At Minneapolis, you denied my proposal to have architectural
> document, because most of us can 't do it.
> 
> Why and how have you changed your mind?
> 
>                                                         Masataka Ohta

-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
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Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 

NEW ADDRESS <brc@zurich.ibm.com> PLEASE UPDATE ADDRESS BOOK



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CC: mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es, Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>,
        multi6@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Kurt Erik Lindqvist wrote:
> 
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> > My problem with this is that i fail to see differences between some of
> > the
> > terms that are being defined...
> > For instance stack, endpoint perhaps virtual host...
> >
> > I mean, is there a difference between this two, if so, do we need them
> > both
> > for the multi6 discussion? or we can just pick one?
> >
> > SO i agree we should define as much terms a we feel we need, but we
> > shouldn't define more that we need, at least we should be able to
> > precisely
> > describe the difference between the defined terms
> 
> I agree with Iljitsch remark that we should focus on the solutions,
> rather than the terminology. At the same time, when there are
> ambiguities that makes us go into spin for a week, I think we do gain
> from having a clear set of terms. Which ones we need and don't need
> will very much depend on which solutions we are looking at. I didn't
> mean to cast the proposal in stone. It was meant as an example. But I
> do think that we need an authoritative list of terminology. But we
> could define that as we go along and needs arises.

Agreed. As we've seen, attempts to define "end point" go into a rathole.
But in practical terms it *does* matter whether we are talking about
multihoming affecting one physical interface, a set of interfaces on
one machine, a set of interfaces on a cluster of machines, or something
else. 

   Brian



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Gentlemen, I think this thread has reached the end of its
useful life. When Erik updates the threats draft, I am sure he
will know whether to add this point to it.

Thanks
  Brian
  co-chair hat on

marcelo bagnulo wrote:
> 
> > > Why?
> >
> > Why?
> >
> > Can you name some protocol that does not do this?
> 
> Take mip and remove the rr check.
> You are supposedly talking to the HoA but you are sending packets to the
> CoA, so you don't have a RR check of the address that you are supposed to be
> talking to i.e. the HoA
> 
> Again, RR is fine to verify locators but it is not so great to verify
> identifiers.
> 
> In multi6 where we may need redirection, you cannot assume that RR will be
> available to verify identities
> 
> Regards, marcelo
> 
> >
> > If you can't, guess "why?".
> >
> >                                               Masataka Ohta
> >
> >

-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Brian E Carpenter 
Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 

NEW ADDRESS <brc@zurich.ibm.com> PLEASE UPDATE ADDRESS BOOK



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 05:05:08 2003
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Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
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Brian;

> Gentlemen, I think this thread has reached the end of its
> useful life. When Erik updates the threats draft, I am sure he
> will know whether to add this point to it.

Erik?

Huh?

I, not Erik, find the thread is still useful to write a threats
draft.

>   Brian
>   co-chair hat on

Are you sure?

						Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 05:09:09 2003
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Brian;

> But in practical terms it *does* matter whether we are talking about
> multihoming affecting one physical interface, a set of interfaces on
> one machine, a set of interfaces on a cluster of machines, or something
> else. 

It does NOT matter.

Physical interface is not a meaningful entity.

As I and Iljitsch discussed, a cluster of machines virtually acting
as a single host can be treated as a single host.

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 05:39:02 2003
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Ohta-san,

In practical terms it matters very much. If the end point is distributed,
multihoming it is a much more complex operation (assuming you want sessions
to survive a multihoming event). Perhaps if you speak to some people actually
implementing virtualized server pools this would be clearer to you.

   Brian

Masataka Ohta wrote:
> 
> Brian;
> 
> > But in practical terms it *does* matter whether we are talking about
> > multihoming affecting one physical interface, a set of interfaces on
> > one machine, a set of interfaces on a cluster of machines, or something
> > else.
> 
> It does NOT matter.
> 
> Physical interface is not a meaningful entity.
> 
> As I and Iljitsch discussed, a cluster of machines virtually acting
> as a single host can be treated as a single host.
> 
>                                                         Masataka Ohta

-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Brian E Carpenter 
Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 

NEW ADDRESS <brc@zurich.ibm.com> PLEASE UPDATE ADDRESS BOOK



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 05:46:34 2003
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Brian;

> In practical terms it matters very much. If the end point is distributed,
> multihoming it is a much more complex operation (assuming you want sessions
> to survive a multihoming event). Perhaps if you speak to some people actually
> implementing virtualized server pools this would be clearer to you.

Practically, the servers in a pool is concentrated, not distributed,
which means all the members shares external connectivity.

Or, if you are talking about servers distributed over multiple
sites, it is complex not because of M6 but because of involving
multiple sites.

Let's make a site or something members of which shares fate of
connectivity multihomed.

							Masataka Ohta




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 07:25:36 2003
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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Masataka Ohta" <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
Cc: "Kurt Erik Lindqvist" <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>,
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Subject: RE: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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> > i guess there is nothing wrong with it, as long as we define it
> precisely.

Id oes appears in RFC1958, but i couldn't find any precise definition of
what an end-system is in there

>
> It is a word appears in RFC1958, editor of which is Brian.
>
> > could you provide a definition of what do you mean by end
> system? would it
> > be similar to JNC's endpoint definiton? or NSRG stack definition?
>
> As I searched reference of the RFC, "end point" seems to be an
> alternative wording of "end system" that if JNC is saying "endpoint"
> with the difinition of Saltzer's paper, that is fine.

Sorry but i couldn't find any definition of an end-system in Saltzer paper
"END-TO-END ARGUMENTS IN SYSTEM DESIGN
", actually i couldn't even find the end-system expression on the paper
What i did found is the end-point expression a couple of times:

Like in:
"The function in question can completely and correctly be implemented only
with the knowledge and help of the application standing at the end points of
the communication system. "
or in
"Thus the end-to-end argument is not an absolute rule, but rather a
guideline that helps in application and protocol design analysis; one must
use some care to identify the end points to which the argument should be
applied."

However i couldn't find any precise definition about endpoint, so i reffer
to JNC's endpoint docuemnte where several really nice definition of endpoint
can be found.

The definition are (so you don't have to look for it)

"To recap, however, an "endpoint" is, in order of increasing
formality:

    - one participant of an end-end communication
    - the fundamental agent of end-end communication
    - the entity which is performing a reliable communication on an
      end-end basis

    - a fatesharing region
    - a boundary drawn around a set of state and/or computations such
      that it lives or dies as a unit"

So, so far i like using endpoint because we have a definition for it and
IMHO it suit our needs.


>
> Forget NSRG.

Why?

stack is also well defined in the nsrg report as: ".  A stack is defined as
one participant or the process on one side of an end-to-end communication.
"

So, IMHO we have endpoint and stack well defined
I haven't been able to find a definition for end-system, so i would adhere
to your own argument and propose that we just use an existent already
defined term and not try to introduce a new definition for a term here.

However, i still don't understand the difference between an endpoint and a
stack (especially since the definition of stack is the same as the first
definition of an endpoint...)

Regards, marcelo


>
> 						Masataka Ohta
>
>




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Erik Nordmark is the editor of the threats draft.
draft-nordmark-multi6-threats-00.txt

Yes, I am sure I am co-chair of this WG.

   Brian

Masataka Ohta wrote:
> 
> Brian;
> 
> > Gentlemen, I think this thread has reached the end of its
> > useful life. When Erik updates the threats draft, I am sure he
> > will know whether to add this point to it.
> 
> Erik?
> 
> Huh?
> 
> I, not Erik, find the thread is still useful to write a threats
> draft.
> 
> >   Brian
> >   co-chair hat on
> 
> Are you sure?
> 
>                                                 Masataka Ohta

-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Brian E Carpenter 
Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 

NEW ADDRESS <brc@zurich.ibm.com> PLEASE UPDATE ADDRESS BOOK



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From: Brian E Carpenter <brc@zurich.ibm.com>
Organization: IBM
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CC: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>,
        Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>,
        Dave Crocker <dcrocker@brandenburg.com>, multi6@ops.ietf.org
Subject: This conversation is over [Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc 
 Separation Proposals]]
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It's my fault for mentioning the need to document our terminology,
but this thread serves no useful purpose for multi6 that I can see.
I suggest that those interested now continue it off-list.

Thanks
    Brian

marcelo bagnulo wrote:
> 
> > > i guess there is nothing wrong with it, as long as we define it
> > precisely.
> 
> Id oes appears in RFC1958, but i couldn't find any precise definition of
> what an end-system is in there
> 
> >
> > It is a word appears in RFC1958, editor of which is Brian.
> >
> > > could you provide a definition of what do you mean by end
> > system? would it
> > > be similar to JNC's endpoint definiton? or NSRG stack definition?
> >
> > As I searched reference of the RFC, "end point" seems to be an
> > alternative wording of "end system" that if JNC is saying "endpoint"
> > with the difinition of Saltzer's paper, that is fine.
> 
> Sorry but i couldn't find any definition of an end-system in Saltzer paper
> "END-TO-END ARGUMENTS IN SYSTEM DESIGN
> ", actually i couldn't even find the end-system expression on the paper
> What i did found is the end-point expression a couple of times:
> 
> Like in:
> "The function in question can completely and correctly be implemented only
> with the knowledge and help of the application standing at the end points of
> the communication system. "
> or in
> "Thus the end-to-end argument is not an absolute rule, but rather a
> guideline that helps in application and protocol design analysis; one must
> use some care to identify the end points to which the argument should be
> applied."
> 
> However i couldn't find any precise definition about endpoint, so i reffer
> to JNC's endpoint docuemnte where several really nice definition of endpoint
> can be found.
> 
> The definition are (so you don't have to look for it)
> 
> "To recap, however, an "endpoint" is, in order of increasing
> formality:
> 
>     - one participant of an end-end communication
>     - the fundamental agent of end-end communication
>     - the entity which is performing a reliable communication on an
>       end-end basis
> 
>     - a fatesharing region
>     - a boundary drawn around a set of state and/or computations such
>       that it lives or dies as a unit"
> 
> So, so far i like using endpoint because we have a definition for it and
> IMHO it suit our needs.
> 
> >
> > Forget NSRG.
> 
> Why?
> 
> stack is also well defined in the nsrg report as: ".  A stack is defined as
> one participant or the process on one side of an end-to-end communication.
> "
> 
> So, IMHO we have endpoint and stack well defined
> I haven't been able to find a definition for end-system, so i would adhere
> to your own argument and propose that we just use an existent already
> defined term and not try to introduce a new definition for a term here.
> 
> However, i still don't understand the difference between an endpoint and a
> stack (especially since the definition of stack is the same as the first
> definition of an endpoint...)
> 
> Regards, marcelo
> 
> >
> >                                               Masataka Ohta
> >
> >

-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Brian E Carpenter 
Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 

NEW ADDRESS <brc@zurich.ibm.com> PLEASE UPDATE ADDRESS BOOK



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 09:41:37 2003
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From: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>
Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 2003 15:39:44 +0100
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On 9-dec-03, at 11:35, Brian E Carpenter wrote:

> In practical terms it matters very much. If the end point is 
> distributed,
> multihoming it is a much more complex operation (assuming you want 
> sessions
> to survive a multihoming event). Perhaps if you speak to some people 
> actually implementing virtualized server pools this would be clearer 
> to you.

This depends where we put the demarcation point. I think a place that 
puts multihoming functionality on one side, and host virtuality on the 
other would be a very good choice. In other words: this is something 
for the cluster software implementers to worry about.




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 10:23:01 2003
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Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
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Brian;

> Erik Nordmark is the editor of the threats draft.
> draft-nordmark-multi6-threats-00.txt

Erik is an editor of a threets draft.

That is, Erik may write his own draft and I or someon else
may write another, which is the agreement of the last
meeting.

> Yes, I am sure I am co-chair of this WG.

I am not.

Or, are you sure that draft-nordmark-multi6-threats-00.txt is a WG
draft?

						Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 10:30:15 2003
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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    > From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>

    > could you provide a definition of what do you mean by end system? would
    > it be similar to JNC's endpoint definiton? or NSRG stack definition?
    > I mean, are those three different names for the same concept or do we
    > have a conceptual discrepancy here? As far as i can understand it, we
    > only have one class of objects and we are just discussing about the
    > name to name it.

I think that's basically the case.

See, I don't recall seeing any cases of confusion caused by different
understandings of what is meant by use of the term "endpoint" or "stack" (or
whatever). So my sense is that although we don't necessarily have an
agreed-upon precise definition of what one is (and I don't have the energy to
explain now why "a fate-sharing region" is the way to go - there is a very
powerful argument as to why but I'm too groggy to reproduce it right now), we
do have a (roughly common) understanding of what it is were're talking about.

This is rather different from the case of the term "identifier", where
clearly there have been people with very different assumptions as to what
that term meant. So I would therefore suggest (based on prior bitter
experience with the word "address") that any documents we create use some
*new* term, and *not* "identifier", for whatever name we come up with that
identifies the end-things (without giving their location).

	Noel

PS: As to which name to prefer for end-things, I would suggest we not use
"stack", since that has been demonstrated to be a poential source of confusion
with "dual-stack" hosts.



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 10:31:00 2003
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marcelo;

>>>i guess there is nothing wrong with it, as long as we define it
>>
>>precisely.

> Id oes appears in RFC1958, but i couldn't find any precise definition of
> what an end-system is in there

It depends on how precisely you understand RFC1958.

It is a concise draft.

>>It is a word appears in RFC1958, editor of which is Brian.

> Sorry but i couldn't find any definition of an end-system in Saltzer paper

As I wrotge, it's in the RFC.

> However i couldn't find any precise definition about endpoint, so i reffer
> to JNC's endpoint docuemnte where several really nice definition of endpoint
> can be found.
> 
> The definition are (so you don't have to look for it)
> 
> "To recap, however, an "endpoint" is, in order of increasing
> formality:
> 
>     - one participant of an end-end communication
>     - the fundamental agent of end-end communication
>     - the entity which is performing a reliable communication on an
>       end-end basis
> 
>     - a fatesharing region
>     - a boundary drawn around a set of state and/or computations such
>       that it lives or dies as a unit"
> 
> So, so far i like using endpoint because we have a definition for it and
> IMHO it suit our needs.

That is fine, as long as end system in RFC 1958 is no differnt from
end point in Saltzer's paper.

Can we reach the consensus?

>>Forget NSRG.
> 
> 
> Why?

Because it is a new terminology useful for no new goals.

> stack is also well defined in the nsrg report as: ".  A stack is defined as
> one participant or the process on one side of an end-to-end communication.
> "

People who engaged in NSRG activity has demonstrated that it is no
well defined.

However, if they repent that "stack" is identical to "end system"
of RFC1958 and Saltzer's "end point", I'm fine, though we still
have no reason to introduce terminlogy of "stack".

> I haven't been able to find a definition for end-system,

See RFC1958, especially, its reference.

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 10:38:43 2003
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Brian;

> It's my fault for mentioning the need to document our terminology,
> but this thread serves no useful purpose for multi6 that I can see.
> I suggest that those interested now continue it off-list.

If you are saying Erik's threats draft serves no useful purpose for
multi6, I can agree with you.

However, if you are not, we still have to discuss any possible
usefulness of Erik's and my threats drafts.

We agreed in the last meeting that we will have multiple drafts,
as not all of us are satisfied with Erik's.

You may still argue against, as long as you won't wear the hat.

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 10:43:01 2003
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Noel;

> This is rather different from the case of the term "identifier", where
> clearly there have been people with very different assumptions as to what
> that term meant. So I would therefore suggest (based on prior bitter
> experience with the word "address") that any documents we create use some
> *new* term, and *not* "identifier", for whatever name we come up with that
> identifies the end-things (without giving their location).

What's wrong if the exsiting terminology of "idenfifier" identifies
exsisting terminology of "the end-things", that is, an end point or
an end system?

						Masataka Ohta





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From: Kurtis Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
To: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
Cc: Brian E Carpenter <brc@zurich.ibm.com>, mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es,
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Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
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> > Yes, I am sure I am co-chair of this WG.
>
> I am not.

I can confirm. Brian is my co-chair of this WG.

> Or, are you sure that draft-nordmark-multi6-threats-00.txt is a WG
> draft?

It is not an official working-group draft, but it is a draft that is the
result of discussions in here among other places.

I don't think this discussion is leading us further so I think we can drop
it here.

- kurtis -



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 11:06:20 2003
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
Cc: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu
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Date: Tue,  9 Dec 2003 10:37:30 -0500 (EST)
From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
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    > From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>

    >> could you provide a definition of what do you mean by end system?

    > As I searched reference of the RFC, "end point" seems to be an
    > alternative wording of "end system" that if JNC is saying "endpoint"
    > with the difinition of Saltzer's paper, that is fine.

Which Saltzer paper? "End-End arguments", or RFC-1498 (which is the paper
that first pointed out that we needed to separate location and identity)?

In any event, there is a *significant* difference between my definition, and
Saltzer's paper: he talks (basically) of hosts (i.e. physical boxes), whereas
my "endpoint" definition is deliberately not tied to hardware.


This has the very important *practical* difference that at one particular
location in the network (i.e. whether one thinks that our "location-names"
name interfaces, or are topology-dependent names for end-things) one could
conceivably find *more than one* end-thing - e.g. if a host contains (for
whatever reason) two endpoints. If so, the packet needs to contain some
disambiguator to allow deliver to the proper end-thing.

Many schemes for doing location/identity separation don't provide this. E.g.
naive versions of 8+8, where the lower 64 bits is just the IEEE number,
don't. Whether it's an important engineering goal is not for me to say - I'm
just pointing it out.


Also, although my definition would allow it (unlike Saltzer's), I'm not sure
that in the real world, you'd ever see endpoints which cover more than one
machine.

Since endpoints are names for transport-level entities, in practical terms
this would mean that if one host in a cluster died in the middle of a TCP
connection, another could take up the connection, which would mean it would
have to know which packets had been ACK'ed, etc. In the real world, nobody
builds systems this way - you'd have to do a 2-phase commit or something
between the machines of the server on every packet to the client!

So perhaps this tells me that applications like the Web that want to be
robust need *another*, higher, level of naming, for a service - but that's
not our concern.

	Noel



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 11:06:58 2003
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Date: Tue, 09 Dec 2003 17:04:42 +0100
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To: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>
CC: Multi6 Mailing List <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
References: <637CEC9E-2994-11D8-9318-000A9598A184@kurtis.pp.se> <3FD59802.AAF3FA47@zurich.ibm.com> <3FD59FBF.8080807@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> <3FD5A564.969AE2FD@zurich.ibm.com> <87AD82EC-2A55-11D8-9581-000A95CD987A@muada.com>
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Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote:
> 
> On 9-dec-03, at 11:35, Brian E Carpenter wrote:
> 
> > In practical terms it matters very much. If the end point is
> > distributed,
> > multihoming it is a much more complex operation (assuming you want
> > sessions
> > to survive a multihoming event). Perhaps if you speak to some people
> > actually implementing virtualized server pools this would be clearer
> > to you.
> 
> This depends where we put the demarcation point. I think a place that
> puts multihoming functionality on one side, and host virtuality on the
> other would be a very good choice. In other words: this is something
> for the cluster software implementers to worry about.

Architecturally, I agree. The devil is in the details, i.e. avoiding the
need for the cluster software to contain even more outrageous hacks
than today to make the virtualization work.

   Brian



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 16:51:59 2003
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To: Kurtis Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
CC: Brian E Carpenter <brc@zurich.ibm.com>, mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es,
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Subject: Re: additional attack for multi6 threat draft?
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Kurtis;

>>>Yes, I am sure I am co-chair of this WG.
>>
>>I am not.

> I can confirm. Brian is my co-chair of this WG.

Then, who are you?

>>Or, are you sure that draft-nordmark-multi6-threats-00.txt is a WG
>>draft?

> It is not an official working-group draft, but it is a draft that is the
> result of discussions in here among other places.

And, the result is that it was not chosen as the WG document.

> I don't think this discussion is leading us further so I think we can drop
> it here.

If either of you were acting as a chair, you have better things to
do other than confusing terminologies and interrupting an active
thread

							Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 17:01:09 2003
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Noel;

>     > From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
> 
>     >> could you provide a definition of what do you mean by end system?
> 
>     > As I searched reference of the RFC, "end point" seems to be an
>     > alternative wording of "end system" that if JNC is saying "endpoint"
>     > with the difinition of Saltzer's paper, that is fine.
> 
> Which Saltzer paper? "End-End arguments", or RFC-1498 (which is the paper
> that first pointed out that we needed to separate location and identity)?
> 
> In any event, there is a *significant* difference between my definition, and
> Saltzer's paper: he talks (basically) of hosts (i.e. physical boxes), whereas
> my "endpoint" definition is deliberately not tied to hardware.

Then, you must find another wording, though there is no point
insisting your point.

> This has the very important *practical* difference that at one particular
> location in the network (i.e. whether one thinks that our "location-names"
> name interfaces, or are topology-dependent names for end-things) one could
> conceivably find *more than one* end-thing - e.g. if a host contains (for
> whatever reason) two endpoints.

If end things are found at one particular location, which is
the *PRACTICAL* assumption, they share connectivity fate that
thier is nothing for M6 to worry about.

> If so, the packet needs to contain some
> disambiguator to allow deliver to the proper end-thing.

When a host has complex internal structure, feel free to something,
say, a port number, beyond a host address(es) for the disambiguation.

> Many schemes for doing location/identity separation don't provide this. E.g.
> naive versions of 8+8, where the lower 64 bits is just the IEEE number,
> don't. Whether it's an important engineering goal is not for me to say - I'm
> just pointing it out.

Be practical.

							Masataka Ohta




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  9 17:02:46 2003
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CC: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>,
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Subject: Re: Terminology [Re: Some Comments on ID/Loc Separation Proposals]
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Brian E Carpenter wrote:

> Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote:
> 
Brian;

>>>In practical terms it matters very much. If the end point is
>>>distributed,
>>>multihoming it is a much more complex operation (assuming you want
>>>sessions
>>>to survive a multihoming event). Perhaps if you speak to some people
>>>actually implementing virtualized server pools this would be clearer
>>>to you.
>>
>>This depends where we put the demarcation point. I think a place that
>>puts multihoming functionality on one side, and host virtuality on the
>>other would be a very good choice. In other words: this is something
>>for the cluster software implementers to worry about.
 
> Architecturally, I agree. The devil is in the details, i.e. avoiding the
> need for the cluster software to contain even more outrageous hacks
> than today to make the virtualization work.

Discontinue this thread. It is useless for any M6 purpose.

						Masataka Ohta





From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 10 02:22:59 2003
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	Ohta-san,

> > It is not an official working-group draft, but it is a draft that is the
> > result of discussions in here among other places.
>
> And, the result is that it was not chosen as the WG document.

This question has never been asked. It probably will be, but it hasn't.
And as a matter of fact, you are the only one I see disagreeing. You do
not make up this WG.

> > I don't think this discussion is leading us further so I think we can drop
> > it here.
>
> If either of you were acting as a chair, you have better things to
> do other than confusing terminologies and interrupting an active
> thread

An active thread is not the same as a constructive or contributing thread.
If you want to continue the thread, post comments and details on the
proposals.

- kurtis -



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From: Kurtis Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>
To: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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On Wed, 10 Dec 2003, Kurtis Lindqvist wrote:


[snip]

> An active thread is not the same as a constructive or contributing thread.
> If you want to continue the thread, post comments and details on the
> proposals.
>
> - kurtis -

WG-chair hat on

- kurtis -



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 10 06:06:29 2003
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Well, this is actually an interesting discussion in the e2e context, but
the co-chairs are definitely of the opinion that it's gone beyond the point
of helping multi6 achieve its goals. So, folks, please continue on some
other list...

   Brian

Noel Chiappa wrote:
> 
>     > From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
> 
>     >> could you provide a definition of what do you mean by end system?
> 
>     > As I searched reference of the RFC, "end point" seems to be an
>     > alternative wording of "end system" that if JNC is saying "endpoint"
>     > with the difinition of Saltzer's paper, that is fine.
> 
> Which Saltzer paper? "End-End arguments", or RFC-1498 (which is the paper
> that first pointed out that we needed to separate location and identity)?
> 
> In any event, there is a *significant* difference between my definition, and
> Saltzer's paper: he talks (basically) of hosts (i.e. physical boxes), whereas
> my "endpoint" definition is deliberately not tied to hardware.
> 
> This has the very important *practical* difference that at one particular
> location in the network (i.e. whether one thinks that our "location-names"
> name interfaces, or are topology-dependent names for end-things) one could
> conceivably find *more than one* end-thing - e.g. if a host contains (for
> whatever reason) two endpoints. If so, the packet needs to contain some
> disambiguator to allow deliver to the proper end-thing.
> 
> Many schemes for doing location/identity separation don't provide this. E.g.
> naive versions of 8+8, where the lower 64 bits is just the IEEE number,
> don't. Whether it's an important engineering goal is not for me to say - I'm
> just pointing it out.
> 
> Also, although my definition would allow it (unlike Saltzer's), I'm not sure
> that in the real world, you'd ever see endpoints which cover more than one
> machine.
> 
> Since endpoints are names for transport-level entities, in practical terms
> this would mean that if one host in a cluster died in the middle of a TCP
> connection, another could take up the connection, which would mean it would
> have to know which packets had been ACK'ed, etc. In the real world, nobody
> builds systems this way - you'd have to do a 2-phase commit or something
> between the machines of the server on every packet to the client!
> 
> So perhaps this tells me that applications like the Web that want to be
> robust need *another*, higher, level of naming, for a service - but that's
> not our concern.
> 
>         Noel

-- 
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Brian E Carpenter 
Distinguished Engineer, Internet Standards & Technology, IBM 

NEW ADDRESS <brc@zurich.ibm.com> PLEASE UPDATE ADDRESS BOOK



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 11 10:15:07 2003
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... should be in the internet-draft by tomorrow.  Having sent it off, I 
realize I missed two biggies, but this highlights that the draft is -00. 
  All feedback welcome.  Organization still needs a little work, but I 
rather folk first tell me what questions are missing.  If you don't find 
this useful, please let me know (preferrably without using a club).

The two big questions I missed were:

1.  What is the impact [of a particular solution] on debugging problems?
Will netstat views change?  What additional tools would be necessary/useful?

2.  Is there any impact of your proposed solution on network management
     tools?  Any new dependencies?

They're in -01.

Eliot



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fyi

-------- Original Message --------
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2003 15:29:00 -0500
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Reply-To: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
To: IETF-Announce: ;

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Things MULTI6 Developers should think about
	Author(s)	: E. Lear
	Filename	: draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt
	Pages		: 12
	Date		: 2003-12-15
	
This document specifies a set of questions that authors should be
prepared to answer as part of a solution to multihoming with IPv6.
The questions do not assume that multihoming is the only problem of
interest, nor do they demand a more general solution either.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 16 04:42:17 2003
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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
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Subject: RE: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
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Hi,

i think this draft will be useful

I have some additional questions for your consideration:

- Is the multi-homing solution IPv6 only or can it also be used with IPv4?
I know this is multi6, but it is probably interesting to know if the
solution can be applied to IPv4

- Does your solution applies to all type of sites?, for instance is your
solution suitable for very small sites? (does it requires an expert
administrator o very powerful equipment) is your solution siutable for very
large sites?

- About incremental deployment, i think that there are different ideas about
what incremental deployment means. So perhaps we could ask more specific
question (in addition) like:
     - Does your solution imposes changes outside the multi-homed site?
            - what do you need to change in the mh site? in particular if
you plug in a non upgraded IPv6 node, does it work properly? can it
communicate outside the mhsite? does it obtain multi-homing benefits?
     - Does your solution requires some global infrastructure to start
working? like a new global DNS like system, or it allows two upgraded nodes
to communicate with each other without any additional infrastructure

- If your solution preserves established communications, does it introduces
overhead? additional data? additional processing in the nodes? How does your
solution distributes the overhead? does it imposes additional overhead on a
per communication basis or a per node basis? does it imposes extra overhead
to all communications? does it imposes additional overhead for those
communications that don't suffer an outage along its path? does it only
imposes overhead after the outage?

- Impact od DNS, does you solution will impose an additional significant
stress to the DNS system? like how much more DNS queries are expected

Regards, marcelo

> -----Mensaje original-----
> De: owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org [mailto:owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org]En
> nombre de Brian E Carpenter
> Enviado el: martes, 16 de diciembre de 2003 9:27
> Para: Multi6
> Asunto: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
>
>
> fyi
>
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt
> Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2003 15:29:00 -0500
> From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> Reply-To: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> To: IETF-Announce: ;
>
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line
> Internet-Drafts directories.
>
>
> 	Title		: Things MULTI6 Developers should think about
> 	Author(s)	: E. Lear
> 	Filename	: draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt
> 	Pages		: 12
> 	Date		: 2003-12-15
>
> This document specifies a set of questions that authors should be
> prepared to answer as part of a solution to multihoming with IPv6.
> The questions do not assume that multihoming is the only problem of
> interest, nor do they demand a more general solution either.
>
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-lear-multi6-things-to-th
ink-about-00.txt

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> - Is the multi-homing solution IPv6 only or can it also be used with 
> IPv4?
> I know this is multi6, but it is probably interesting to know if the
> solution can be applied to IPv4

To be honest, I think this is not important right now. Let's solve the 
task at hand first. If we after that figures out that it works for IPv4 
as well, all the better.


> - Does your solution applies to all type of sites?, for instance is 
> your
> solution suitable for very small sites? (does it requires an expert
> administrator o very powerful equipment) is your solution siutable for 
> very
> large sites?

I think this might be a subjective judgment. Not sure it makes sense to 
take into account right now. But no strong feeling one way or the other.

> - About incremental deployment, i think that there are different ideas 
> about
> what incremental deployment means.

Maybe what we would need is to have each proposal include a description 
of how the proposal is implemented in a site/network?


- - kurtis -

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From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 16 12:33:36 2003
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Subject: RE: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
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From: "Tony Li" <Tony.Li@procket.com>
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|  > - Is the multi-homing solution IPv6 only or can it also be=20
|  used with=20
|  > IPv4?
|  > I know this is multi6, but it is probably interesting to=20
|  know if the
|  > solution can be applied to IPv4
| =20
|  To be honest, I think this is not important right now. Let's=20
|  solve the=20
|  task at hand first. If we after that figures out that it=20
|  works for IPv4=20
|  as well, all the better.


I'd submit that if it cannot be easily ported back to IPv4, that it
bears
closer examination.  v4 and v6 are architecturally very similar.  Any
solution that does not apply to both is either a kludge or is exploiting
an odd property of one of the two.  In either case, it would bear close
examination.  You know, the kind that you give things when the fire
alarm
in the building goes off... ?  ;-)


|  > - Does your solution applies to all type of sites?, for=20
|  instance is=20
|  > your
|  > solution suitable for very small sites? (does it requires an expert
|  > administrator o very powerful equipment) is your solution=20
|  siutable for=20
|  > very
|  > large sites?
| =20
|  I think this might be a subjective judgment. Not sure it=20
|  makes sense to=20
|  take into account right now. But no strong feeling one way=20
|  or the other.


I think that the question is valid, regardless.  However, I don't think
that this
is a _requirement_, which is what I think you were saying.


|  > - About incremental deployment, i think that there are=20
|  different ideas=20
|  > about
|  > what incremental deployment means.
| =20
|  Maybe what we would need is to have each proposal include a=20
|  description=20
|  of how the proposal is implemented in a site/network?


Deployability is always a good thing for running code...  ;-)
Yes, I think any proposal needs to describe a plausible deployment
scenario.

Tony



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 16 20:20:35 2003
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Marcelo,

> - Is the multi-homing solution IPv6 only or can it also be used with IPv4?
> I know this is multi6, but it is probably interesting to know if the
> solution can be applied to IPv4

This is worth while answering, for the reasons Tony mentions.  However, 
just because a solution works for v6 but not for v4 (say making use of 
the flow label that doesn't exist in v4) does not disqualify it as a 
right proper solution to the problem at hand.  As we've discussed in 
person and on the list, v4 is a bonus if we can get it.

> - Does your solution applies to all type of sites?, for instance is your
> solution suitable for very small sites? (does it requires an expert
> administrator o very powerful equipment) is your solution siutable for very
> large sites?

I think there is a related question I also failed to ask: what sort of 
support from upstreams and the registries does your solution require (if 
any)?

> 
> - About incremental deployment, i think that there are different ideas about
> what incremental deployment means. So perhaps we could ask more specific
> question (in addition) like:
>      - Does your solution imposes changes outside the multi-homed site?

Right- that's in there (at least in part), but see above as well.

>             - what do you need to change in the mh site? in particular if
> you plug in a non upgraded IPv6 node, does it work properly? can it
> communicate outside the mhsite? does it obtain multi-homing benefits?

This is a good question, and also was not clear in the draft.  If the 
mechanism can make use of stateless autoconfiguration or DHCP in some 
way to enable itself (at least at the conceptual level) that would be nice.

Here's a question: do nodes all know who they are?  How do they gain 
their knowledge?  Is there a change to dhcp or stateless 
autoconfiguration?  If so, describe.

>      - Does your solution requires some global infrastructure to start
> working? like a new global DNS like system, or it allows two upgraded nodes
> to communicate with each other without any additional infrastructure

that's also in there.

> 
> - If your solution preserves established communications, does it introduces
> overhead? additional data? additional processing in the nodes? How does your
> solution distributes the overhead? does it imposes additional overhead on a
> per communication basis or a per node basis? does it imposes extra overhead
> to all communications? does it imposes additional overhead for those
> communications that don't suffer an outage along its path? does it only
> imposes overhead after the outage?

Your question was a bit more general than what I wrote.  I talked about 
packet expansion, but I did not talk about exchanges that might add 
latency, and that will need to be added in the next version (I'll put it 
out the first week in January).
> 
> - Impact od DNS, does you solution will impose an additional significant
> stress to the DNS system? like how much more DNS queries are expected

The number of queries were not addressed; this is a good question, 
especially if the mechanism will screw up normal DNS caching semantics 
in some way, or othrewise will be screwed up by those same semantics.

Happy Holidays,

Eliot




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 17 10:29:52 2003
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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Tony Li <Tony.Li@procket.com>
cc: Kurt Erik Lindqvist <kurtis@kurtis.pp.se>, <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>,
        Multi6 <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
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On Tue, 16 Dec 2003, Tony Li wrote:
> I'd submit that if it cannot be easily ported back to IPv4, that it
> bears closer examination.  v4 and v6 are architecturally very
> similar.  Any solution that does not apply to both is either a
> kludge or is exploiting an odd property of one of the two.  In
> either case, it would bear close examination.  You know, the kind
> that you give things when the fire alarm in the building goes off...
> ?  ;-)

I have to heartily disagree here.  IPv6 address *does* have more bits.  
Different problem spaces have leveraged that property before as well,
leading to solutions which are not easily backportable to IPv4.

Maybe one could reword this differently: the solution beas some 
thinking about if it doesn't rely on the 128bit address length of 
IPv6, and is not easily IPv4-capable.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings






From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 18 03:58:27 2003
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Pekka Savola wrote:
> 
> On Tue, 16 Dec 2003, Tony Li wrote:
> > I'd submit that if it cannot be easily ported back to IPv4, that it
> > bears closer examination.  v4 and v6 are architecturally very
> > similar.  Any solution that does not apply to both is either a
> > kludge or is exploiting an odd property of one of the two.  In
> > either case, it would bear close examination.  You know, the kind
> > that you give things when the fire alarm in the building goes off...
> > ?  ;-)
> 
> I have to heartily disagree here.  IPv6 address *does* have more bits.
> Different problem spaces have leveraged that property before as well,
> leading to solutions which are not easily backportable to IPv4.
> 
> Maybe one could reword this differently: the solution beas some
> thinking about if it doesn't rely on the 128bit address length of
> IPv6, and is not easily IPv4-capable.

Yes. But this is the IPv6 multihoming WG, so while applicability to
IPv4 is an interesting question to ask, it cannot be a decision
criterion.

I would counter-argue against Tony in another way. If we had variable
length addresses (as some people strongly suggested for IPng) a whole
new class of multihoming solutions might be available. But we don't,
so they aren't. Thus, you cannot argue that solutions *must* be independent 
of address length considerations.

(Please don't kick off a thread on variable length addresses... at
least not here.)

  Brian



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 18 04:26:48 2003
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> |  > - Is the multi-homing solution IPv6 only or can it also be
> |  used with
> |  > IPv4?
> |  > I know this is multi6, but it is probably interesting to
> |  know if the
> |  > solution can be applied to IPv4
> |
> |  To be honest, I think this is not important right now. Let's
> |  solve the
> |  task at hand first. If we after that figures out that it
> |  works for IPv4
> |  as well, all the better.
>
>
> I'd submit that if it cannot be easily ported back to IPv4, that it
> bears
> closer examination.  v4 and v6 are architecturally very similar.  Any
> solution that does not apply to both is either a kludge or is exploiting
> an odd property of one of the two.  In either case, it would bear close
> examination.  You know, the kind that you give things when the fire
> alarm
> in the building goes off... ?  ;-)

Yes, but what I am saying (and so is Brian in the latest mail) is that is
not a target for this WG.

> |  > - About incremental deployment, i think that there are
> |  different ideas
> |  > about
> |  > what incremental deployment means.
> |
> |  Maybe what we would need is to have each proposal include a
> |  description
> |  of how the proposal is implemented in a site/network?
>
>
> Deployability is always a good thing for running code...  ;-)
> Yes, I think any proposal needs to describe a plausible deployment
> scenario.

Yes.

- kurtis -



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Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2003 06:52:42 -0600
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I may be misunderstanding something here, so let me ask the question
before I expound.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Brian E Carpenter" <brc@zurich.ibm.com>
To: "Multi6" <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Sent: Thursday, December 18, 2003 2:54 AM
Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D
ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]


> Pekka Savola wrote:
> >
> > Maybe one could reword this differently: the solution beas some
> > thinking about if it doesn't rely on the 128bit address length of
> > IPv6, and is not easily IPv4-capable.
>
> Yes. But this is the IPv6 multihoming WG, so while applicability to
> IPv4 is an interesting question to ask, it cannot be a decision
> criterion.

I'm not sure what the difference between "bears some thinking about"
and "being a decision criterion" is in Brian's mind.

What I'm hoping Brian is saying is, "it's OK to notice whether a
proposal works for IPv4, on this mailing list, but 'doesn't work for
IPv4' can't be used to disqualify a proposal".

The reason I'm asking is, I've been very aware that multi6 was willing
to host discussions at the very edge of the WG's charter, because
multi6 was the "least wrong" place to have these discussions. Sean
Doran (former WG chair) said basically, "why the heck not?" on August
9, in the "loc/id split" thread.

If Brian is saying that discussions about IPv4 suitability don't
belong here, we need to find a place where they do belong.

I THOUGHT that Leslie asked Geoff to set up a mailing list after the
IAB workshop in Vienna, but the minutes at
http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/03jul/127.htm don't show this action
item. So, as Sean said, this is the least wrong place that exists
today - how wrong is it?

Spencer




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 18 09:23:26 2003
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From: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>
Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2003 15:21:19 +0100
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On 18-dec-03, at 9:54, Brian E Carpenter wrote:

> I would counter-argue against Tony in another way. If we had variable
> length addresses (as some people strongly suggested for IPng) a whole
> new class of multihoming solutions might be available. But we don't,
> so they aren't. Thus, you cannot argue that solutions *must* be 
> independent
> of address length considerations.

> (Please don't kick off a thread on variable length addresses... at
> least not here.)

Why not?

I think that if we can do what we need to do by using variable length 
addressing, then the annoyance of having to cram those inside an IPv6 
packet in a way that the packet remains routable is probably worth it.

There is lots more in the draft that I don't feel particularly 
comfortable with. For instance, the mobility questions.




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 18 13:55:41 2003
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Subject: RE: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2003 10:52:43 -0800
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Brian,

I thought that the point of this document was things to think about,
not a set of decision criteria.  If it is a set of criteria, then aren't
we duplicating the requirements draft?  No, I don't want to reopen that,
but what I *AM* suggesting is that Eliot's list is literally a list
of discussion questions.  As such, I think that this is a fine question
to ask.

If you're elevating this draft as anything other than a set of=20
discussion questions, then we need to have a different discussion.

Which is it?

Tony


|  -----Original Message-----
|  From: Brian E Carpenter [mailto:brc@zurich.ibm.com]=20
|  Sent: Thursday, December 18, 2003 12:54 AM
|  To: Multi6
|  Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D=20
|  ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
| =20
| =20
|  Pekka Savola wrote:
|  >=20
|  > On Tue, 16 Dec 2003, Tony Li wrote:
|  > > I'd submit that if it cannot be easily ported back to=20
|  IPv4, that it
|  > > bears closer examination.  v4 and v6 are architecturally very
|  > > similar.  Any solution that does not apply to both is either a
|  > > kludge or is exploiting an odd property of one of the two.  In
|  > > either case, it would bear close examination.  You know, the kind
|  > > that you give things when the fire alarm in the building=20
|  goes off...
|  > > ?  ;-)
|  >=20
|  > I have to heartily disagree here.  IPv6 address *does*=20
|  have more bits.
|  > Different problem spaces have leveraged that property=20
|  before as well,
|  > leading to solutions which are not easily backportable to IPv4.
|  >=20
|  > Maybe one could reword this differently: the solution beas some
|  > thinking about if it doesn't rely on the 128bit address length of
|  > IPv6, and is not easily IPv4-capable.
| =20
|  Yes. But this is the IPv6 multihoming WG, so while applicability to
|  IPv4 is an interesting question to ask, it cannot be a decision
|  criterion.
| =20
|  I would counter-argue against Tony in another way. If we had variable
|  length addresses (as some people strongly suggested for IPng) a whole
|  new class of multihoming solutions might be available. But we don't,
|  so they aren't. Thus, you cannot argue that solutions *must*=20
|  be independent=20
|  of address length considerations.
| =20
|  (Please don't kick off a thread on variable length addresses... at
|  least not here.)
| =20
|    Brian
| =20
| =20



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 18 15:14:42 2003
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From: Eliot Lear <lear@cisco.com>
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Let's leave the legaleze out of this, but (hopefully) the document 
contains some questions that can be used to evaluate such minor issues 
as deployability, security, performance, and generality.  The methods 
used might cause some conflict between these objectives.  That's okay. 
We can decide which ones are important when we understand which 
tradeoffs are being made.

Eliot
ps: I'm leaving the "for instances..." out for brevity's sake.


Tony Li wrote:
> 
> Brian,
> 
> I thought that the point of this document was things to think about,
> not a set of decision criteria.  If it is a set of criteria, then aren't
> we duplicating the requirements draft?  No, I don't want to reopen that,
> but what I *AM* suggesting is that Eliot's list is literally a list
> of discussion questions.  As such, I think that this is a fine question
> to ask.
> 
> If you're elevating this draft as anything other than a set of 
> discussion questions, then we need to have a different discussion.
> 
> Which is it?
> 
> Tony
> 
> 
> |  -----Original Message-----
> |  From: Brian E Carpenter [mailto:brc@zurich.ibm.com] 
> |  Sent: Thursday, December 18, 2003 12:54 AM
> |  To: Multi6
> |  Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D 
> |  ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
> |  
> |  
> |  Pekka Savola wrote:
> |  > 
> |  > On Tue, 16 Dec 2003, Tony Li wrote:
> |  > > I'd submit that if it cannot be easily ported back to 
> |  IPv4, that it
> |  > > bears closer examination.  v4 and v6 are architecturally very
> |  > > similar.  Any solution that does not apply to both is either a
> |  > > kludge or is exploiting an odd property of one of the two.  In
> |  > > either case, it would bear close examination.  You know, the kind
> |  > > that you give things when the fire alarm in the building 
> |  goes off...
> |  > > ?  ;-)
> |  > 
> |  > I have to heartily disagree here.  IPv6 address *does* 
> |  have more bits.
> |  > Different problem spaces have leveraged that property 
> |  before as well,
> |  > leading to solutions which are not easily backportable to IPv4.
> |  > 
> |  > Maybe one could reword this differently: the solution beas some
> |  > thinking about if it doesn't rely on the 128bit address length of
> |  > IPv6, and is not easily IPv4-capable.
> |  
> |  Yes. But this is the IPv6 multihoming WG, so while applicability to
> |  IPv4 is an interesting question to ask, it cannot be a decision
> |  criterion.
> |  
> |  I would counter-argue against Tony in another way. If we had variable
> |  length addresses (as some people strongly suggested for IPng) a whole
> |  new class of multihoming solutions might be available. But we don't,
> |  so they aren't. Thus, you cannot argue that solutions *must* 
> |  be independent 
> |  of address length considerations.
> |  
> |  (Please don't kick off a thread on variable length addresses... at
> |  least not here.)
> |  
> |    Brian
> |  
> |  
> 
> 
> 



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 18 16:37:55 2003
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From: Iljitsch van Beijnum <iljitsch@muada.com>
Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2003 22:35:13 +0100
To: Eliot Lear <lear@cisco.com>
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On 18-dec-03, at 21:12, Eliot Lear wrote:

> (hopefully) the document contains some questions that can be used to 
> evaluate such minor issues as deployability, security, performance, 
> and generality.

:-)

I found another one: TCP and UDP checksum calculation offloading. It 
seems this is pretty common these days: I have a box with a turn of the 
century NIC and FreeBSD tells me it is offloading both rx and tx 
checksums. (It works too: dire tcpdump warnings when running verbose 
enough as outgoing packets have invalid checksums as seen by BPF.)

With any multihoming solution that allows rewriting of addresses 
between the moment the checksum calculation is done and the moment the 
packet is transmitted/received, checksum offloading will pretty much 
have to be a thing of the past, unless we want to start doing some 
complex incremental updating in different places.

So which is preferable? Keep it simple but lose hardware support for 
checksumming, or keep hardware support but add more complexity?

Note that the processing for the TCP/UDP checksum is simple enough that 
it's probably free when doing a memcopy anyway.




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 19 05:42:32 2003
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Yep. I don't think Kurtis and I have any problem with listing IPv4 applicability
as something to think about. We just don't want it to accidentally become
a firm decision criterion.

   Brian

Eliot Lear wrote:
> 
> Let's leave the legaleze out of this, but (hopefully) the document
> contains some questions that can be used to evaluate such minor issues
> as deployability, security, performance, and generality.  The methods
> used might cause some conflict between these objectives.  That's okay.
> We can decide which ones are important when we understand which
> tradeoffs are being made.
> 
> Eliot
> ps: I'm leaving the "for instances..." out for brevity's sake.
> 
> Tony Li wrote:
> >
> > Brian,
> >
> > I thought that the point of this document was things to think about,
> > not a set of decision criteria.  If it is a set of criteria, then aren't
> > we duplicating the requirements draft?  No, I don't want to reopen that,
> > but what I *AM* suggesting is that Eliot's list is literally a list
> > of discussion questions.  As such, I think that this is a fine question
> > to ask.
> >
> > If you're elevating this draft as anything other than a set of
> > discussion questions, then we need to have a different discussion.
> >
> > Which is it?
> >
> > Tony
> >
> >
> > |  -----Original Message-----
> > |  From: Brian E Carpenter [mailto:brc@zurich.ibm.com]
> > |  Sent: Thursday, December 18, 2003 12:54 AM
> > |  To: Multi6
> > |  Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D
> > |  ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
> > |
> > |
> > |  Pekka Savola wrote:
> > |  >
> > |  > On Tue, 16 Dec 2003, Tony Li wrote:
> > |  > > I'd submit that if it cannot be easily ported back to
> > |  IPv4, that it
> > |  > > bears closer examination.  v4 and v6 are architecturally very
> > |  > > similar.  Any solution that does not apply to both is either a
> > |  > > kludge or is exploiting an odd property of one of the two.  In
> > |  > > either case, it would bear close examination.  You know, the kind
> > |  > > that you give things when the fire alarm in the building
> > |  goes off...
> > |  > > ?  ;-)
> > |  >
> > |  > I have to heartily disagree here.  IPv6 address *does*
> > |  have more bits.
> > |  > Different problem spaces have leveraged that property
> > |  before as well,
> > |  > leading to solutions which are not easily backportable to IPv4.
> > |  >
> > |  > Maybe one could reword this differently: the solution beas some
> > |  > thinking about if it doesn't rely on the 128bit address length of
> > |  > IPv6, and is not easily IPv4-capable.
> > |
> > |  Yes. But this is the IPv6 multihoming WG, so while applicability to
> > |  IPv4 is an interesting question to ask, it cannot be a decision
> > |  criterion.
> > |
> > |  I would counter-argue against Tony in another way. If we had variable
> > |  length addresses (as some people strongly suggested for IPng) a whole
> > |  new class of multihoming solutions might be available. But we don't,
> > |  so they aren't. Thus, you cannot argue that solutions *must*
> > |  be independent
> > |  of address length considerations.
> > |
> > |  (Please don't kick off a thread on variable length addresses... at
> > |  least not here.)
> > |
> > |    Brian



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Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
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Iljitsch,

From the product people I talk to, if we break offload (including the
more sophisticated forms of offload such as RDDP) the solution won't be
going anywhere. I think that is related to the point we discussed a
couple of weeks ago about virtualized end points - a model that only
works with a traditional software stack in a traditional single host
simply doesn't work in today's world of virtualized server farms
with load balancers and offload devices.

   Brian

Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote:
> 
> On 18-dec-03, at 21:12, Eliot Lear wrote:
> 
> > (hopefully) the document contains some questions that can be used to
> > evaluate such minor issues as deployability, security, performance,
> > and generality.
> 
> :-)
> 
> I found another one: TCP and UDP checksum calculation offloading. It
> seems this is pretty common these days: I have a box with a turn of the
> century NIC and FreeBSD tells me it is offloading both rx and tx
> checksums. (It works too: dire tcpdump warnings when running verbose
> enough as outgoing packets have invalid checksums as seen by BPF.)
> 
> With any multihoming solution that allows rewriting of addresses
> between the moment the checksum calculation is done and the moment the
> packet is transmitted/received, checksum offloading will pretty much
> have to be a thing of the past, unless we want to start doing some
> complex incremental updating in different places.
> 
> So which is preferable? Keep it simple but lose hardware support for
> checksumming, or keep hardware support but add more complexity?
> 
> Note that the processing for the TCP/UDP checksum is simple enough that
> it's probably free when doing a memcopy anyway.



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 19 05:50:06 2003
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inline...

Spencer Dawkins wrote:
> 
> I may be misunderstanding something here, so let me ask the question
> before I expound.
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Brian E Carpenter" <brc@zurich.ibm.com>
> To: "Multi6" <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, December 18, 2003 2:54 AM
> Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D
> ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
> 
> > Pekka Savola wrote:
> > >
> > > Maybe one could reword this differently: the solution beas some
> > > thinking about if it doesn't rely on the 128bit address length of
> > > IPv6, and is not easily IPv4-capable.
> >
> > Yes. But this is the IPv6 multihoming WG, so while applicability to
> > IPv4 is an interesting question to ask, it cannot be a decision
> > criterion.
> 
> I'm not sure what the difference between "bears some thinking about"
> and "being a decision criterion" is in Brian's mind.
> 
> What I'm hoping Brian is saying is, "it's OK to notice whether a
> proposal works for IPv4, on this mailing list, but 'doesn't work for
> IPv4' can't be used to disqualify a proposal".

That's what I think I'm saying.

> 
> The reason I'm asking is, I've been very aware that multi6 was willing
> to host discussions at the very edge of the WG's charter, because
> multi6 was the "least wrong" place to have these discussions. Sean
> Doran (former WG chair) said basically, "why the heck not?" on August
> 9, in the "loc/id split" thread.

We do owe the WG a draft new charter where this should be clarified.
Working, working...

> 
> If Brian is saying that discussions about IPv4 suitability don't
> belong here, we need to find a place where they do belong.

The current charter already says 
 This WG will consider the problem of how to multihome sites in
 IPv6. The multihoming approaches currently used in IPv4 can of course
 be used in IPv6, but IPv6 represents an opportunity for more scalable
 approaches. IPv6 differs from IPv4 in ways that may allow for
 different approaches to multihoming that are not immediately
 applicable to IPv4. 

So yes, I think specifics about IPv4 solutions belong elsewhere. But if
an IPv6 solution would also work for IPv4, that would be a fine result.

> 
> I THOUGHT that Leslie asked Geoff to set up a mailing list after the
> IAB workshop in Vienna, but the minutes at
> http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/03jul/127.htm don't show this action
> item. So, as Sean said, this is the least wrong place that exists
> today - how wrong is it?

Well, I think that list exists:
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/saad
but it has been quiet.

   Brian



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 19 05:57:13 2003
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Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]
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Iljitsch van Beijnum wrote:
> 
> On 18-dec-03, at 9:54, Brian E Carpenter wrote:
> 
> > I would counter-argue against Tony in another way. If we had variable
> > length addresses (as some people strongly suggested for IPng) a whole
> > new class of multihoming solutions might be available. But we don't,
> > so they aren't. Thus, you cannot argue that solutions *must* be
> > independent
> > of address length considerations.
> 
> > (Please don't kick off a thread on variable length addresses... at
> > least not here.)
> 
> Why not?
> 
> I think that if we can do what we need to do by using variable length
> addressing, then the annoyance of having to cram those inside an IPv6
> packet in a way that the packet remains routable is probably worth it.

Having proposed exactly that in 1994 as an extension to IPv4, I can hardly
disagree. (See draft-carpenter-aeiou-00.txt if you can find it...)

But that class of solution doesn't change the address length seen by
the routing system, which IMHO is something we cannot reasonably
consider.

> 
> There is lots more in the draft that I don't feel particularly
> comfortable with. For instance, the mobility questions.

Send text!

  Brian



From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 19 07:12:55 2003
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Wow. I missed this one completely. Thanks (and thanks to Marcelo, who
sent this privately).

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Brian E Carpenter" <brc@zurich.ibm.com>
To: "Spencer Dawkins" <spencer@mcsr-labs.org>
Cc: "Multi6" <multi6@ops.ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, December 19, 2003 4:47 AM
Subject: Re: [Fwd: I-D
ACTION:draft-lear-multi6-things-to-think-about-00.txt]


> >
> > I THOUGHT that Leslie asked Geoff to set up a mailing list after
the
> > IAB workshop in Vienna, but the minutes at
> > http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/03jul/127.htm don't show this
action
> > item. So, as Sean said, this is the least wrong place that exists
> > today - how wrong is it?
>
> Well, I think that list exists:
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/saad
> but it has been quiet.

Well, of course it's been quiet because all the discussion has been
happening over hear, annoying multi6! :-}




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 19 15:59:39 2003
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Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2003 12:55:01 -0800
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>With any multihoming solution that allows rewriting of addresses 
>between the moment the checksum calculation is done and the moment the 
>packet is transmitted/received, checksum offloading will pretty much 
>have to be a thing of the past, unless we want to start doing some 
>complex incremental updating in different places.

I think whether checksum offloading is affected or not is a function of 
exactly how checksum offloading is implemented.

I know one vendors implementation of checksum offload that wouldn't have
a problem - because software is capable of compensating for differences
between the IP addresses in the IP header and in the TCP pseudo-header
in order to properly handling routing headers.

I don't know to what extent the same flexibility exist for other vendors.

  Erik




From owner-multi6@ops.ietf.org  Sun Dec 21 05:32:59 2003
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Erik Nordmark wrote:
> 
> >With any multihoming solution that allows rewriting of addresses
> >between the moment the checksum calculation is done and the moment the
> >packet is transmitted/received, checksum offloading will pretty much
> >have to be a thing of the past, unless we want to start doing some
> >complex incremental updating in different places.
> 
> I think whether checksum offloading is affected or not is a function of
> exactly how checksum offloading is implemented.
> 
> I know one vendors implementation of checksum offload that wouldn't have
> a problem - because software is capable of compensating for differences
> between the IP addresses in the IP header and in the TCP pseudo-header
> in order to properly handling routing headers.
> 
> I don't know to what extent the same flexibility exist for other vendors.

Indeed, it is undesirable to rely on product kludges in an architecture.

  Brian (now off-line until Jan. 5)



