A YANG Data Model for In Situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)Huawei156 Beiqing Rd.Beijing100095Chinazhoutianran@huawei.comFutureweiUnited States of Americajames.n.guichard@futurewei.comCisco SystemsHansaallee 249, 3rd FloorDüsseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen40549Germanyfbrockne@cisco.comCisco SystemsTril Infopark Sez, Ramanujan IT CityNeville Block, 2nd floor, Old Mahabalipuram RoadChennaiTamil Nadu600113Indiasrihari@cisco.com
OPS
ippmOAMConfigurationIn situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) is an
example of an on-path hybrid measurement method. IOAM defines a method
for producing operational and telemetry information that may be exported
using the in-band or out-of-band method. RFCs 9197 and 9326 discuss the
data fields and associated data types for IOAM. This document defines a
YANG module for the configuration of IOAM functions.Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by
the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further
information on Internet Standards is available in Section 2 of
RFC 7841.
Information about the current status of this document, any
errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
() in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with
respect to this document. Code Components extracted from this
document must include Revised BSD License text as described in
Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without
warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
. Introduction
. Conventions Used in This Document
. Tree Diagrams
. Design of the IOAM YANG Data Model
. Overview
. Pre-allocated Tracing Profile
. Incremental Tracing Profile
. Direct Export Profile
. Proof of Transit Profile
. Edge-to-Edge Profile
. IOAM YANG Module
. Security Considerations
. IANA Considerations
. Normative References
. An Example of the Incremental Tracing Profile
. An Example of the Pre-allocated Tracing Profile
. An Example of the Direct Export Profile
. An Example of the Proof of Transit Profile
. An Example of the Edge-to-Edge Profile
Acknowledgements
Authors' Addresses
IntroductionIn situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) is an
example of an on-path hybrid measurement method. IOAM defines a method
for producing operational and telemetry information that may be exported
using the in-band or out-of-band method. The data types and data formats
for IOAM data records have been defined in and
. The IOAM data can be embedded in many protocol
encapsulations, such as the Network Service Header (NSH) and IPv6.This document defines a data model for the configuration of IOAM
capabilities using the YANG data modeling
language. This YANG data model supports five IOAM options, which
are as follows:
Incremental Trace-Option
Pre-allocated Trace-Option
Direct Export Option
Proof of Transit (POT) Option
Edge-to-Edge Option
Conventions Used in This DocumentThe key words "MUST", "MUST NOT",
"REQUIRED", "SHALL",
"SHALL NOT", "SHOULD",
"SHOULD NOT",
"RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED",
"MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document
are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14
when, and only
when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.The following terms are defined in and are
used in this specification:
augment
data model
data node
The terminology for describing YANG data models is found in
.Tree DiagramsTree diagrams used in this document follow the notation defined in
.Design of the IOAM YANG Data ModelOverviewThe IOAM model is organized as a list of profiles, as shown in the
following figure. Each profile associates with one flow and the
corresponding IOAM information.module: ietf-ioam
+--rw ioam
+--ro info
| +--ro timestamp-type? identityref
| +--ro available-interface* [if-name]
| +--ro if-name if:interface-ref
+--rw admin-config
| +--rw enabled? boolean
+--rw profiles
+--rw profile* [profile-name]
+--rw profile-name string
+--rw filter
| +--rw filter-type? ioam-filter-type
| +--rw ace-name? -> /acl:acls/acl/aces/ace/name
+--rw protocol-type? ioam-protocol-type
+--rw incremental-tracing-profile {incremental-trace}?
| ...
+--rw preallocated-tracing-profile {preallocated-trace}?
| ...
+--rw direct-export-profile {direct-export}?
| ...
+--rw pot-profile {proof-of-transit}?
| ...
+--rw e2e-profile {edge-to-edge}?
The "info" parameter is a container for all the read-only information that
assists monitoring systems in the interpretation of the IOAM data.The "enabled" parameter is an administrative configuration. When it is set to
"true", IOAM configuration is enabled for the system. Meanwhile, the
IOAM data plane functionality is enabled.The "filter" parameter is used to identify a flow, where the IOAM profile can
apply. There may be multiple filter types. Access Control Lists (ACLs) provide a common way to specify a flow. Each
IOAM profile can associate with an ACE (Access Control Entry). When the
matched ACE "forwarding" action is "accept", IOAM actions MUST be driven by the accepted packets.The IOAM data can be encapsulated into multiple protocols, e.g.,
IPv6 and the NSH. The "protocol-type" parameter is used to indicate
where IOAM is applied. For example, if "protocol-type" is set to
"ipv6", the IOAM ingress node will encapsulate the associated flow
according to .In this document, IOAM data includes five encapsulation types,
i.e., incremental tracing data, pre-allocated tracing data, direct
export data, proof of transit data, and end-to-end data. In practice,
multiple IOAM data types can be encapsulated into the same IOAM
header. The "profile" parameter contains a set of sub-profiles, each of which
relates to one encapsulation type. The configured object may not
support all the sub-profiles. The supported sub-profiles are indicated
by five defined features, i.e., "incremental-trace",
"preallocated-trace", "direct-export", "proof-of-transit", and
"edge-to-edge".This document uses the "ietf-access-control-list" YANG module, the "ietf-interfaces" YANG
module, and the "ietf-lime-time-types" YANG module.The YANG data model in this document conforms to the Network
Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) defined in .Pre-allocated Tracing ProfileTo ensure visibility into the entire path that a packet takes within an IOAM domain, the IOAM tracing data is expected to be collected at every node
that a packet traverses. The Pre-allocated Trace-Option
will create pre-allocated space for each node to populate its
information. The "preallocated-tracing-profile" parameter contains the detailed
information for the pre-allocated tracing data. This information
includes:
node-action:
indicates the operation (e.g., encapsulate the IOAM
header, transit the IOAM data, or decapsulate the IOAM header) applied
to the dedicated flow.
use-namespace:
indicates the namespace used for the trace
types.
trace-type:
indicates the per-hop data to be captured by
IOAM-enabled nodes and included in the node data list.
max-length:
specifies the maximum length of the node data list
in octets. "max-length" is only defined at the encapsulation
node.
+--rw preallocated-tracing-profile {preallocated-trace}?
+--rw node-action? ioam-node-action
+--rw trace-types
| +--rw use-namespace? ioam-namespace
| +--rw trace-type* ioam-trace-type
+--rw max-length? uint32
Incremental Tracing ProfileThe Incremental Trace-Option contains a variable-length list of node data fields,
where each node allocates and pushes its node data immediately
following the option header. The "incremental-tracing-profile" parameter
contains the detailed information for the incremental tracing data.
This information is the same as that for the Pre-allocated Tracing
Profile; see .+--rw incremental-tracing-profile {incremental-trace}?
+--rw node-action? ioam-node-action
+--rw trace-types
| +--rw use-namespace? ioam-namespace
| +--rw trace-type* ioam-trace-type
+--rw max-length? uint32
Direct Export ProfileThe Direct Export Option is used as a trigger for IOAM data to be
directly exported or locally aggregated without being pushed into
in-flight data packets. The "direct-export-profile" parameter contains the
detailed information for the direct export data. This
information is the same as that for the Pre-allocated Tracing Profile (), but with
two more optional variables:
flow-id:
used to correlate the exported data of the same
flow from multiple nodes and from multiple packets.
enable-sequence-number:
indicates whether the sequence number
is used in the Direct Export Option.
+--rw direct-export-profile {direct-export}?
+--rw node-action? ioam-node-action
+--rw trace-types
| +--rw use-namespace? ioam-namespace
| +--rw trace-type* ioam-trace-type
+--rw flow-id? uint32
+--rw enable-sequence-number? boolean
Proof of Transit ProfileThe IOAM proof of transit data is used to support the path or service
function chain verification use cases. The "pot-profile" parameter is intended
to contain the detailed information for the proof of transit data. The
"use-namespace" parameter indicates the namespace used for the POT types.
The "pot-type" parameter indicates a particular POT variant that specifies the POT
data that is included. There may be several POT types, each having
different configuration data. To align with ,
this document only defines IOAM POT type 0. Users need to augment this
module for the configuration of a specific POT type.+--rw pot-profile {proof-of-transit}?
+--rw use-namespace? ioam-namespace
+--rw pot-type? ioam-pot-type
Edge-to-Edge ProfileThe IOAM Edge-to-Edge Option is used to carry data that is added by the
IOAM encapsulating node and interpreted by the IOAM decapsulating node.
The "e2e-profile" parameter contains the detailed information for the
edge-to-edge data. This information includes:
node-action:
the same semantic as that provided in .
use-namespace:
indicates the namespace used for the edge-to-edge
types.
e2e-type:
indicates data to be carried from the ingress IOAM
node to the egress IOAM node.
+--rw e2e-profile {edge-to-edge}?
+--rw node-action? ioam-node-action
+--rw e2e-types
+--rw use-namespace? ioam-namespace
+--rw e2e-type* ioam-e2e-type
IOAM YANG ModuleThe "ietf-ioam" module defined in this document imports typedefs from , , and . This document also references , , , and .
module ietf-ioam {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam";
prefix ioam;
import ietf-access-control-list {
prefix acl;
reference
"RFC 8519: YANG Data Model for Network Access Control
Lists (ACLs)";
}
import ietf-interfaces {
prefix if;
reference
"RFC 8343: A YANG Data Model for Interface Management";
}
import ietf-lime-time-types {
prefix lime;
reference
"RFC 8532: Generic YANG Data Model for the Management of
Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) Protocols
That Use Connectionless Communications";
}
organization
"IETF IPPM (IP Performance Measurement) Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/ippm>
WG List: <mailto:ippm@ietf.org>
Editor: Tianran Zhou
<mailto:zhoutianran@huawei.com>
Author: Jim Guichard
<mailto:james.n.guichard@futurewei.com>
Author: Frank Brockners
<mailto:fbrockne@cisco.com>
Author: Srihari Raghavan
<mailto:srihari@cisco.com>";
description
"This YANG module specifies a vendor-independent data model
for In Situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance
(IOAM).
The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to
the license terms contained in, the Revised BSD License set
forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC 9617; see the
RFC itself for full legal notices.";
revision 2024-08-27 {
description
"Initial revision.";
reference
"RFC 9617: A YANG Data Model for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
/*
* FEATURES
*/
feature incremental-trace {
description
"This feature indicates that the Incremental Trace-Option is
supported.";
reference
"RFC 9197: Data Fields for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
feature preallocated-trace {
description
"This feature indicates that the Pre-allocated Trace-Option
is supported.";
reference
"RFC 9197: Data Fields for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
feature direct-export {
description
"This feature indicates that the Direct Export Option is
supported.";
reference
"RFC 9326: In Situ Operations, Administration, and
Maintenance (IOAM) Direct Exporting";
}
feature proof-of-transit {
description
"This feature indicates that the Proof of Transit Option is
supported.";
reference
"RFC 9197: Data Fields for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
feature edge-to-edge {
description
"This feature indicates that the Edge-to-Edge Option is
supported.";
reference
"RFC 9197: Data Fields for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
/*
* IDENTITIES
*/
identity filter {
description
"Base identity to represent a filter. A filter is used to
specify the flow to apply the IOAM profile.";
}
identity acl-filter {
base filter;
description
"Apply Access Control List (ACL) rules to specify the
flow.";
}
identity protocol {
description
"Base identity to represent the carrier protocol. It is
used to indicate in what layer and protocol the IOAM data
is embedded.";
}
identity ipv6 {
base protocol;
description
"The described IOAM data is embedded in IPv6.";
reference
"RFC 9486: IPv6 Options for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
identity nsh {
base protocol;
description
"The described IOAM data is embedded in the Network Service
Header (NSH).";
reference
"RFC 9452: Network Service Header (NSH) Encapsulation for
In Situ OAM (IOAM) Data";
}
identity node-action {
description
"Base identity to represent the node actions. It is used to
indicate what action the node will take.";
}
identity action-encapsulate {
base node-action;
description
"This identity indicates that the node is used to
encapsulate the IOAM packet.";
}
identity action-decapsulate {
base node-action;
description
"This identity indicates that the node is used to
decapsulate the IOAM packet.";
}
identity action-transit {
base node-action;
description
"This identity indicates that the node is used to transit
the IOAM packet.";
}
identity trace-type {
description
"Base identity to represent trace types.";
}
identity trace-hop-lim-node-id {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of 'Hop_Lim' and
'node_id' in the node data.";
reference
"RFC 9197: Data Fields for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
identity trace-if-id {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of 'ingress_if_id' and
'egress_if_id' (short format) in the node data.";
reference
"RFC 9197: Data Fields for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
identity trace-timestamp-seconds {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of timestamp seconds
in the node data.";
}
identity trace-timestamp-fraction {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of a timestamp
fraction in the node data.";
}
identity trace-transit-delay {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of transit delay in
the node data.";
}
identity trace-namespace-data {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of namespace-specific
data (short format) in the node data.";
}
identity trace-queue-depth {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of queue depth in the
node data.";
}
identity trace-checksum-complement {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of the Checksum
Complement in the node data.";
reference
"RFC 9197: Data Fields for In Situ Operations,
Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)";
}
identity trace-hop-lim-node-id-wide {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of 'Hop_Lim' and
'node_id' (wide format) in the node data.";
}
identity trace-if-id-wide {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of 'ingress_if_id' and
'egress_if_id' (wide format) in the node data.";
}
identity trace-namespace-data-wide {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of
IOAM-namespace-specific data (wide format) in the
node data.";
}
identity trace-buffer-occupancy {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of buffer occupancy
in the node data.";
}
identity trace-opaque-state-snapshot {
base trace-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of the variable-length
Opaque State Snapshot field.";
}
identity pot-type {
description
"Base identity to represent Proof of Transit (POT) types.";
}
identity pot-type-0 {
base pot-type;
description
"The IOAM field value for the POT type is 0, and POT data is
a 16-octet field to carry data associated with POT
procedures.";
}
identity e2e-type {
description
"Base identity to represent edge-to-edge types.";
}
identity e2e-seq-num-64 {
base e2e-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of a 64-bit
sequence number.";
}
identity e2e-seq-num-32 {
base e2e-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of a 32-bit
sequence number.";
}
identity e2e-timestamp-seconds {
base e2e-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of timestamp seconds
representing the time at which the packet entered the
IOAM domain.";
}
identity e2e-timestamp-fraction {
base e2e-type;
description
"This identity indicates the presence of a timestamp
fraction representing the time at which the packet entered
the IOAM domain.";
}
identity namespace {
description
"Base identity to represent the Namespace-ID.";
}
identity default-namespace {
base namespace;
description
"The Namespace-ID value of 0x0000 is defined as the
Default-Namespace-ID and MUST be known to all the nodes
implementing IOAM.";
}
/*
* TYPE DEFINITIONS
*/
typedef ioam-filter-type {
type identityref {
base filter;
}
description
"This type specifies a known type of filter.";
}
typedef ioam-protocol-type {
type identityref {
base protocol;
}
description
"This type specifies a known type of carrier protocol for
the IOAM data.";
}
typedef ioam-node-action {
type identityref {
base node-action;
}
description
"This type specifies a known type of node action.";
}
typedef ioam-trace-type {
type identityref {
base trace-type;
}
description
"This type specifies a known trace type.";
}
typedef ioam-pot-type {
type identityref {
base pot-type;
}
description
"This type specifies a known POT type.";
}
typedef ioam-e2e-type {
type identityref {
base e2e-type;
}
description
"This type specifies a known edge-to-edge type.";
}
typedef ioam-namespace {
type identityref {
base namespace;
}
description
"This type specifies the supported namespace.";
}
/*
* GROUP DEFINITIONS
*/
grouping ioam-filter {
description
"A grouping for IOAM filter definitions.";
leaf filter-type {
type ioam-filter-type;
description
"Filter type.";
}
leaf ace-name {
when "derived-from-or-self(../filter-type, 'ioam:acl-filter')";
type leafref {
path "/acl:acls/acl:acl/acl:aces/acl:ace/acl:name";
}
description
"The Access Control Entry name is used to refer to an ACL
specification.";
}
}
grouping encap-tracing {
description
"A grouping for the generic configuration for the
tracing profile.";
container trace-types {
description
"This container provides the list of trace types for
encapsulation.";
leaf use-namespace {
type ioam-namespace;
default "default-namespace";
description
"This object indicates the namespace used for
encapsulation.";
}
leaf-list trace-type {
type ioam-trace-type;
description
"The trace type is only defined at the encapsulation
node.";
}
}
leaf max-length {
when "derived-from-or-self(../node-action,
'ioam:action-encapsulate')";
type uint32;
units "bytes";
description
"This field specifies the maximum length of the node data
list in octets. 'max-length' is only defined at the
encapsulation node.";
}
}
grouping ioam-incremental-tracing-profile {
description
"A grouping for the Incremental Tracing Profile.";
leaf node-action {
type ioam-node-action;
default "action-transit";
description
"This object indicates the action the node needs to
take, e.g., encapsulation.";
}
uses encap-tracing {
when "derived-from-or-self(node-action,
'ioam:action-encapsulate')";
}
}
grouping ioam-preallocated-tracing-profile {
description
"A grouping for the Pre-allocated Tracing Profile.";
leaf node-action {
type ioam-node-action;
default "action-transit";
description
"This object indicates the action the node needs to
take, e.g., encapsulation.";
}
uses encap-tracing {
when "derived-from-or-self(node-action,
'ioam:action-encapsulate')";
}
}
grouping ioam-direct-export-profile {
description
"A grouping for the Direct Export Profile.";
leaf node-action {
type ioam-node-action;
default "action-transit";
description
"This object indicates the action the node needs to
take, e.g., encapsulation.";
}
uses encap-tracing {
when "derived-from-or-self(node-action,
'ioam:action-encapsulate')";
}
leaf flow-id {
when "derived-from-or-self(../node-action,
'ioam:action-encapsulate')";
type uint32;
description
"A 32-bit flow identifier. The field is set at the
encapsulating node. The Flow ID can be uniformly
assigned by a central controller or algorithmically
generated by the encapsulating node. The latter approach
cannot guarantee the uniqueness of the Flow ID, yet the
probability of conflict is small due to the large Flow ID
space. 'flow-id' is used to correlate the exported data
of the same flow from multiple nodes and from multiple
packets.";
}
leaf enable-sequence-number {
when "derived-from-or-self(../node-action,
'ioam:action-encapsulate')";
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"This boolean value indicates whether the sequence number
is used in the Direct Export Option's 32-bit flow
identifier. If this value is set to 'true', the sequence
number is used. It is turned off by default.";
}
}
grouping ioam-e2e-profile {
description
"A grouping for the Edge-to-Edge Profile.";
leaf node-action {
type ioam-node-action;
default "action-transit";
description
"This object indicates the action the node needs to
take, e.g., encapsulation.";
}
container e2e-types {
when "derived-from-or-self(../node-action,
'ioam:action-encapsulate')";
description
"This container provides the list of edge-to-edge types
for encapsulation.";
leaf use-namespace {
type ioam-namespace;
default "default-namespace";
description
"This object indicates the namespace used for
encapsulation.";
}
leaf-list e2e-type {
type ioam-e2e-type;
description
"The edge-to-edge type is only defined at the
encapsulation node.";
}
}
}
grouping ioam-admin-config {
description
"IOAM top-level administrative configuration.";
leaf enabled {
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"This object is used to control the availability of
configuration. It MUST be set to 'true' before anything
in the /ioam/profiles/profile subtree can be edited.
If 'false', any configuration in place is not used.";
}
}
/*
* DATA NODES
*/
container ioam {
description
"IOAM top-level container.";
container info {
config false;
description
"Describes information, such as units or timestamp format,
that assists monitoring systems in the interpretation of
the IOAM data.";
leaf timestamp-type {
type identityref {
base lime:timestamp-type;
}
description
"Type of timestamp, such as Truncated PTP (Precision
Time Protocol) or NTP.";
}
list available-interface {
key "if-name";
description
"A list of available interfaces that support IOAM.";
leaf if-name {
type if:interface-ref;
description
"This is a reference to the interface name.";
}
}
}
container admin-config {
description
"Contains all the administrative configurations related to
the IOAM functionalities and all the IOAM profiles.";
uses ioam-admin-config;
}
container profiles {
description
"Contains a list of IOAM profiles.";
list profile {
key "profile-name";
description
"A list of IOAM profiles that are configured on the
node. There is no mandatory type of profile (e.g.,
'incremental-trace', 'preallocated-trace') in the list.
But at least one profile should be added.";
leaf profile-name {
type string {
length "1..300";
}
description
"Unique identifier for each IOAM profile.";
}
container filter {
uses ioam-filter;
description
"The filter that is used to indicate the flow to apply
IOAM.";
}
leaf protocol-type {
type ioam-protocol-type;
description
"This object is used to indicate the carrier protocol
where IOAM is applied.";
}
container incremental-tracing-profile {
if-feature "incremental-trace";
presence "Enables the Incremental Trace-Option.";
description
"This container describes the profile for the
Incremental Trace-Option.";
uses ioam-incremental-tracing-profile;
}
container preallocated-tracing-profile {
if-feature "preallocated-trace";
presence "Enables the Pre-allocated Trace-Option.";
description
"This container describes the profile for the
Pre-allocated Trace-Option.";
uses ioam-preallocated-tracing-profile;
}
container direct-export-profile {
if-feature "direct-export";
presence "Enables the Direct Export Option.";
description
"This container describes the profile for the
Direct Export Option.";
uses ioam-direct-export-profile;
}
container pot-profile {
if-feature "proof-of-transit";
presence "Enables the Proof of Transit Option.";
description
"This container describes the profile for the
Proof of Transit Option.";
leaf use-namespace {
type ioam-namespace;
default "default-namespace";
description
"This object indicates the namespace used for the
POT types.";
}
leaf pot-type {
type ioam-pot-type;
description
"The type of a particular POT variant that specifies
the POT data that is included.";
}
}
container e2e-profile {
if-feature "edge-to-edge";
presence "Enables the Edge-to-Edge Option.";
description
"This container describes the profile for the
Edge-to-Edge Option.";
uses ioam-e2e-profile;
}
}
}
}
}
Security ConsiderationsThe YANG module specified in this document defines a schema for data
that is designed to be accessed via network management protocols such
as NETCONF or RESTCONF .
The lowest NETCONF layer is the secure transport layer, and the
mandatory-to-implement secure transport is Secure Shell (SSH)
. The lowest RESTCONF layer is HTTPS, and the
mandatory-to-implement secure transport is TLS .The Network Configuration Access Control Model (NACM)
provides the means to restrict access for particular NETCONF or RESTCONF users
to a preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol
operations and content.There are a number of data nodes defined in this YANG module that are
writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the default). These
data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network
environments. Write operations (e.g., edit-config) to these data nodes without
proper protection can have a negative effect on network operations. These are
the subtrees and data nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
/ioam/admin-config:
The items in the "admin-config" container above include the
top-level administrative configurations related to the IOAM
functionalities and all the IOAM profiles. Unexpected changes to
these items could lead to disruption of IOAM functions and/or
misbehaving IOAM profiles.
/ioam/profiles/profile:
The entries in the "profile" list above include the
whole IOAM profile configurations. Unexpected changes to these
entries could lead to incorrect IOAM behavior for the
corresponding flows. Consequently, such changes would impact performance
monitoring, data analytics, and associated interactions with network
services.
Some of the readable data nodes in this YANG module may be considered
sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. It is thus important to
control read access (e.g., via get, get-config, or notification) to these data
nodes. These are the subtrees and data nodes and their
sensitivity/vulnerability:
/ioam/profiles/profile:
The information contained in this subtree
might reveal information about the services deployed for
customers. For instance, a customer might be given access to monitor
the status of their services. In this scenario, the customer's access should
be restricted to nodes representing their services so as not to
divulge information about the underlying network structure or
services.
IANA ConsiderationsIANA has registered the following URI in the "IETF XML Registry":
URI:
urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam
Registrant Contact:
The IESG.
XML:
N/A; the requested URI is an XML namespace.
IANA has registered the following YANG module in the "YANG Module Names" registry:
Name:
ietf-ioam
Namespace:
urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam
Prefix:
ioam
Reference:
RFC 9617
Normative ReferencesKey words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement LevelsIn many standards track documents several words are used to signify the requirements in the specification. These words are often capitalized. This document defines these words as they should be interpreted in IETF documents. This document specifies an Internet Best Current Practices for the Internet Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.The IETF XML RegistryThis document describes an IANA maintained registry for IETF standards which use Extensible Markup Language (XML) related items such as Namespaces, Document Type Declarations (DTDs), Schemas, and Resource Description Framework (RDF) Schemas.YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)YANG is a data modeling language used to model configuration and state data manipulated by the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF), NETCONF remote procedure calls, and NETCONF notifications. [STANDARDS-TRACK]Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)The Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) defined in this document provides mechanisms to install, manipulate, and delete the configuration of network devices. It uses an Extensible Markup Language (XML)-based data encoding for the configuration data as well as the protocol messages. The NETCONF protocol operations are realized as remote procedure calls (RPCs). This document obsoletes RFC 4741. [STANDARDS-TRACK]Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure Shell (SSH)This document describes a method for invoking and running the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) within a Secure Shell (SSH) session as an SSH subsystem. This document obsoletes RFC 4742. [STANDARDS-TRACK]The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling LanguageYANG is a data modeling language used to model configuration data, state data, Remote Procedure Calls, and notifications for network management protocols. This document describes the syntax and semantics of version 1.1 of the YANG language. YANG version 1.1 is a maintenance release of the YANG language, addressing ambiguities and defects in the original specification. There are a small number of backward incompatibilities from YANG version 1. This document also specifies the YANG mappings to the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF).RESTCONF ProtocolThis document describes an HTTP-based protocol that provides a programmatic interface for accessing data defined in YANG, using the datastore concepts defined in the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF).Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key WordsRFC 2119 specifies common key words that may be used in protocol specifications. This document aims to reduce the ambiguity by clarifying that only UPPERCASE usage of the key words have the defined special meanings.YANG Tree DiagramsThis document captures the current syntax used in YANG module tree diagrams. The purpose of this document is to provide a single location for this definition. This syntax may be updated from time to time based on the evolution of the YANG language.Network Configuration Access Control ModelThe standardization of network configuration interfaces for use with the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) or the RESTCONF protocol requires a structured and secure operating environment that promotes human usability and multi-vendor interoperability. There is a need for standard mechanisms to restrict NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol access for particular users to a preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol operations and content. This document defines such an access control model.This document obsoletes RFC 6536.Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA)Datastores are a fundamental concept binding the data models written in the YANG data modeling language to network management protocols such as the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) and RESTCONF. This document defines an architectural framework for datastores based on the experience gained with the initial simpler model, addressing requirements that were not well supported in the initial model. This document updates RFC 7950.A YANG Data Model for Interface ManagementThis document defines a YANG data model for the management of network interfaces. It is expected that interface-type-specific data models augment the generic interfaces data model defined in this document. The data model includes definitions for configuration and system state (status information and counters for the collection of statistics).The YANG data model in this document conforms to the Network Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) defined in RFC 8342.This document obsoletes RFC 7223.The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3This document specifies version 1.3 of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. TLS allows client/server applications to communicate over the Internet in a way that is designed to prevent eavesdropping, tampering, and message forgery.This document updates RFCs 5705 and 6066, and obsoletes RFCs 5077, 5246, and 6961. This document also specifies new requirements for TLS 1.2 implementations.YANG Data Model for Network Access Control Lists (ACLs)This document defines a data model for Access Control Lists (ACLs). An ACL is a user-ordered set of rules used to configure the forwarding behavior in a device. Each rule is used to find a match on a packet and define actions that will be performed on the packet.Generic YANG Data Model for the Management of Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) Protocols That Use Connectionless CommunicationsThis document presents a base YANG Data model for the management of Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) protocols that use connectionless communications. The data model is defined using the YANG data modeling language, as specified in RFC 7950. It provides a technology-independent abstraction of key OAM constructs for OAM protocols that use connectionless communication. The base model presented here can be extended to include technology-specific details.There are two key benefits of this approach: First, it leads to uniformity between OAM protocols. Second, it supports both nested OAM workflows (i.e., performing OAM functions at the same level or different levels through a unified interface) as well as interactive OAM workflows (i.e., performing OAM functions at the same level through a unified interface).Data Fields for In Situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)In situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) collects operational and telemetry information in the packet while the packet traverses a path between two points in the network. This document discusses the data fields and associated data types for IOAM. IOAM-Data-Fields can be encapsulated into a variety of protocols, such as Network Service Header (NSH), Segment Routing, Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation (Geneve), or IPv6. IOAM can be used to complement OAM mechanisms based on, e.g., ICMP or other types of probe packets.In Situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) Direct ExportingIn situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) is used for recording and collecting operational and telemetry information. Specifically, IOAM allows telemetry data to be pushed into data packets while they traverse the network. This document introduces a new IOAM option type (denoted IOAM-Option-Type) called the "IOAM Direct Export (DEX) Option-Type". This Option-Type is used as a trigger for IOAM data to be directly exported or locally aggregated without being pushed into in-flight data packets. The exporting method and format are outside the scope of this document.Network Service Header (NSH) Encapsulation for In Situ OAM (IOAM) DataIn situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) is used for recording and collecting operational and telemetry information while the packet traverses a path between two points in the network. This document outlines how IOAM-Data-Fields are encapsulated with the Network Service Header (NSH).IPv6 Options for In Situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM)In situ Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (IOAM) records operational and telemetry information in the packet while the packet traverses a path between two points in the network. This document outlines how IOAM Data-Fields are encapsulated in IPv6.Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)W3C Consortium Recommendation REC-xml11-20060816An Example of the Incremental Tracing ProfileAn XML example (per ) of the Incremental Tracing Profile is depicted in the
following figure. This configuration is received by an IOAM ingress
node. This node encapsulates the IOAM data in the IPv6 Hop-by-Hop option
header. The trace type indicates that each on-path node needs to capture
the transit delay and add the data to the IOAM node data list. The incremental
tracing data space is variable; however, the node data list must not
exceed 512 bytes.<rpc xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0"
message-id="101">
<edit-config>
<target>
<candidate/>
</target>
<config>
<ioam xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam">
<admin-config>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</admin-config>
<profiles>
<profile>
<profile-name>ietf-test-profile</profile-name>
<protocol-type>ipv6</protocol-type>
<incremental-tracing-profile>
<node-action>action-encapsulate</node-action>
<trace-types>
<use-namespace>default-namespace</use-namespace>
<trace-type>trace-transit-delay</trace-type>
</trace-types>
<max-length>512</max-length>
</incremental-tracing-profile>
</profile>
</profiles>
</ioam>
</config>
</edit-config>
</rpc>
An Example of the Pre-allocated Tracing ProfileAn example of the Pre-allocated Tracing Profile is depicted in the
following figure. This configuration is received by an IOAM ingress
node. This node first identifies the target flow by using the ACL
parameter "test-acl" and then encapsulates the IOAM data in the NSH. The
trace type indicates that each on-path node needs to capture the
namespace-specific data in short format and add the data to the IOAM node data
list. This node pre-allocates the node data list in the packet with 512
bytes.<rpc xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0"
message-id="101">
<edit-config>
<target>
<candidate/>
</target>
<config>
<ioam xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam">
<admin-config>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</admin-config>
<profiles>
<profile>
<profile-name>ietf-test-profile</profile-name>
<filter>
<filter-type>acl-filter</filter-type>
<ace-name>test-acl</ace-name>
</filter>
<protocol-type>nsh</protocol-type>
<preallocated-tracing-profile>
<node-action>action-encapsulate</node-action>
<trace-types>
<use-namespace>default-namespace</use-namespace>
<trace-type>trace-namespace-data</trace-type>
</trace-types>
<max-length>512</max-length>
</preallocated-tracing-profile>
</profile>
</profiles>
</ioam>
</config>
</edit-config>
</rpc>
An Example of the Direct Export ProfileAn example of the Direct Export Profile is depicted in the following
figure. This configuration is received by an IOAM egress node. This node
detects the IOAM Direct Export Option in the IPv6 extension header and
removes the option to clean all the IOAM data.<rpc xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0"
message-id="101">
<edit-config>
<target>
<candidate/>
</target>
<config>
<ioam xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam">
<admin-config>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</admin-config>
<profiles>
<profile>
<profile-name>ietf-test-profile</profile-name>
<protocol-type>ipv6</protocol-type>
<direct-export-profile>
<node-action>action-decapsulate</node-action>
</direct-export-profile>
</profile>
</profiles>
</ioam>
</config>
</edit-config>
</rpc>
An Example of the Proof of Transit ProfileA simple example of the Proof of Transit Profile is depicted in
the following figure. This
configuration indicates the node to apply POT type 0 with IPv6
encapsulation.<rpc xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0"
message-id="101">
<edit-config>
<target>
<candidate/>
</target>
<config>
<ioam xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam">
<admin-config>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</admin-config>
<profiles>
<profile>
<profile-name>ietf-test-profile</profile-name>
<protocol-type>ipv6</protocol-type>
<pot-profile>
<pot-type>pot-type-0</pot-type>
</pot-profile>
</profile>
</profiles>
</ioam>
</config>
</edit-config>
</rpc>
An Example of the Edge-to-Edge ProfileAn example of the Edge-to-Edge Profile is depicted in the following figure.
This
configuration is received by an IOAM egress node. This node detects the
IOAM Edge-to-Edge Option in the IPv6 extension header and removes the
option to clean all the IOAM data. As the IOAM egress node, it may
collect the edge-to-edge data and deliver it to the data-exporting
process.<rpc xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0"
message-id="101">
<edit-config>
<target>
<candidate/>
</target>
<config>
<ioam xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ioam">
<admin-config>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</admin-config>
<profiles>
<profile>
<profile-name>ietf-test-profile</profile-name>
<protocol-type>ipv6</protocol-type>
<e2e-profile>
<node-action>action-decapsulate</node-action>
</e2e-profile>
</profile>
</profiles>
</ioam>
</config>
</edit-config>
</rpc>
AcknowledgementsFor their valuable comments, discussions, and feedback, we wish to
acknowledge , , , ,
, , and .Authors' AddressesHuawei156 Beiqing Rd.Beijing100095Chinazhoutianran@huawei.comFutureweiUnited States of Americajames.n.guichard@futurewei.comCisco SystemsHansaallee 249, 3rd FloorDüsseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen40549Germanyfbrockne@cisco.comCisco SystemsTril Infopark Sez, Ramanujan IT CityNeville Block, 2nd floor, Old Mahabalipuram RoadChennaiTamil Nadu600113Indiasrihari@cisco.com