# getopt

(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

getopt — Gets options from the command line argument list

### Beschreibung

getopt(string `$short_options`, array `$long_options` = [], int `&$rest_index` = `null`): array|false

Parses options passed to the script.

### Parameter-Liste

`short_options`
  Each character in this string will be used as option characters and matched against options passed to the script starting with a single hyphen (`-`). For example, an option string `"x"` recognizes an option `-x`. Only a-z, A-Z and 0-9 are allowed.
`long_options`
  An array of options. Each element in this array will be used as option strings and matched against options passed to the script starting with two hyphens (`--`). For example, an longopts element `"opt"` recognizes an option `--opt`.
`rest_index`
  If the `rest_index` parameter is present, then the index where argument parsing stopped will be written to this variable.

The `short_options` parameter may contain the following elements:

- Individual characters (do not accept values)
- Characters followed by a colon (parameter requires value)
- Characters followed by two colons (optional value)

Option values are the first argument after the string. If a value is required, it does not matter whether the value has leading white space or not. See note.

> Hinweis: Optional values do not accept `" "` (space) as a separator.

The `long_options` array values may contain:

- String (parameter does not accept any value)
- String followed by a colon (parameter requires value)
- String followed by two colons (optional value)

> Hinweis:

> The format for the `short_options` and `long_options` is almost the same, the only difference is that `long_options` takes an array of options (where each element is the option) whereas `short_options` takes a string (where each character is the option).

### Rückgabewerte

This function will return an array of option / argument pairs, Bei einem Fehler wird `false` zurückgegeben..

> Hinweis:

> The parsing of options will end at the first non-option found, anything that follows is discarded.

### Changelog

Version | Beschreibung
--- | ---
7.1.0 | Added the `rest_index` parameter.

### Beispiele

Beispiel #1 getopt() example: The basics

`<?php
// Script example.php
$options = getopt("f:hp:");
var_dump($options);
?>`

    shell> php example.php -fvalue -h

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

    array(2) {
      ["f"]=>
      string(5) "value"
      ["h"]=>
      bool(false)
    }

Beispiel #2 getopt() example: Introducing long options

`<?php
// Script example.php
$shortopts = "";
$shortopts .= "f:"; // Required value
$shortopts .= "v::"; // Optional value
$shortopts .= "abc"; // These options do not accept values
$longopts = array(
"required:", // Required value
"optional::", // Optional value
"option", // No value
"opt", // No value
);
$options = getopt($shortopts, $longopts);
var_dump($options);
?>`

    shell> php example.php -f "value for f" -v -a --required value --optional="optional value" --option

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

    array(6) {
      ["f"]=>
      string(11) "value for f"
      ["v"]=>
      bool(false)
      ["a"]=>
      bool(false)
      ["required"]=>
      string(5) "value"
      ["optional"]=>
      string(14) "optional value"
      ["option"]=>
      bool(false)
    }

Beispiel #3 getopt() example: Passing multiple options as one

`<?php
// Script example.php
$options = getopt("abc");
var_dump($options);
?>`

    shell> php example.php -aaac

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

    array(2) {
      ["a"]=>
      array(3) {
        [0]=>
        bool(false)
        [1]=>
        bool(false)
        [2]=>
        bool(false)
      }
      ["c"]=>
      bool(false)
    }

Beispiel #4 getopt() example: Using `rest_index`

`<?php
// Script example.php
$rest_index = null;
$opts = getopt('a:b:', [], $rest_index);
$pos_args = array_slice($argv, $rest_index);
var_dump($pos_args);`

    shell> php example.php -a 1 -b 2 -- test

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt folgende Ausgabe:

    array(1) {
      [0]=>
      string(4) "test"
    }

### Siehe auch

- $argv

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