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________________________________________________________________
Bob Briscoe,                                                  BT 


From bob.briscoe@bt.com  Tue Mar  5 01:53:25 2013
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Matt,

The solution to the access link part of this problem is explained in:
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-briscoe-conex-initial-deploy-03#section-4.1.1>

It can only distinguish access link congestion from shared 
congestion. Distinguishing home network congestion is harder, but 
possible with a tunnel to the home router, which already exists in 
some DSL arrangements (e.g. in BT we use a tunnel for services that 
share a line).


Bob

At 22:18 04/03/2013, Matt Mathis wrote:
>I have an interesting problem that I wish ConEx could solve, but I
>don't see how.   I want to distinguish between congestion on the path
>between a server and a subscriber aggregation point (e.g. DSLAM etc)
>and congestion beyond the aggregation point (e.g. the access links
>themselves, or the user's home network).
>
>There are some ways to infer this, but as far as I can tell there is
>not a reasonable way to measure it directly.   This is a problem that
>we have touched on in the past, but I don't recall discussing any
>solutions.
>
>Thanks,
>--MM--
>The best way to predict the future is to create it.  - Alan Kay
>
>Privacy matters!  We know from recent events that people are using our
>services to speak in defiance of unjust governments.   We treat
>privacy and security as matters of life and death, because for some
>users, they are.

________________________________________________________________
Bob Briscoe,                                                  BT 


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Bob, I do know how to do it from the ISP's vantage point.

It is a bit harder from the content provider's vantage point.   A
large content provider might, for example, want to be able to
distinguish between appropriately filling subscriber links and
aggravating some capacity failure elsewhere along the path.
Traditional serving optimizations actually make this problem far
worse: serving from as many places as possible, as close to the users
as possible makes the system even more brittle to ISP failures.

There is not an easy way to do this today.  There are inference
signals (e.g. correlated losses across flows) but the signals are
expensive and slow.

Thanks,
--MM--
The best way to predict the future is to create it.  - Alan Kay

Privacy matters!  We know from recent events that people are using our
services to speak in defiance of unjust governments.   We treat
privacy and security as matters of life and death, because for some
users, they are.


On Tue, Mar 5, 2013 at 1:53 AM, Bob Briscoe <bob.briscoe@bt.com> wrote:
> Matt,
>
> The solution to the access link part of this problem is explained in:
> <http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-briscoe-conex-initial-deploy-03#section-4.1.1>
>
> It can only distinguish access link congestion from shared congestion.
> Distinguishing home network congestion is harder, but possible with a tunnel
> to the home router, which already exists in some DSL arrangements (e.g. in
> BT we use a tunnel for services that share a line).
>
>
> Bob
>
>
> At 22:18 04/03/2013, Matt Mathis wrote:
>>
>> I have an interesting problem that I wish ConEx could solve, but I
>> don't see how.   I want to distinguish between congestion on the path
>> between a server and a subscriber aggregation point (e.g. DSLAM etc)
>> and congestion beyond the aggregation point (e.g. the access links
>> themselves, or the user's home network).
>>
>> There are some ways to infer this, but as far as I can tell there is
>> not a reasonable way to measure it directly.   This is a problem that
>> we have touched on in the past, but I don't recall discussing any
>> solutions.
>>
>> Thanks,
>> --MM--
>> The best way to predict the future is to create it.  - Alan Kay
>>
>> Privacy matters!  We know from recent events that people are using our
>> services to speak in defiance of unjust governments.   We treat
>> privacy and security as matters of life and death, because for some
>> users, they are.
>
>
> ________________________________________________________________
> Bob Briscoe,                                                  BT

From john@jlc.net  Tue Mar  5 10:12:29 2013
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Matt Mathis <mattmathis@google.com> wrote:
> 
> A large content provider might, for example, want to be able to
> distinguish between appropriately filling subscriber links and
> aggravating some capacity failure elsewhere along the path.
> Traditional serving optimizations actually make this problem far
> worse: serving from as many places as possible, as close to the users
> as possible makes the system even more brittle to ISP failures.

   It sounds as if Matt could make use of a hop-count recorded by an
ECN-aware node experiencing a loss in the ConEx Destination Option.
(I'd rather hear from Matt whether that could work _before_ hearing
from others why it's a ReallyBadIdea...)

--
John Leslie <john@jlc.net>

From amclachl@cisco.com  Tue Mar  5 10:13:30 2013
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From: "Andrew McLachlan (amclachl)" <amclachl@cisco.com>
To: Matt Mathis <mattmathis@google.com>
Thread-Topic: [conex] Potentially interesting ConEx problem
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Subject: Re: [conex] Potentially interesting ConEx problem
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Is this problem not mostly negated at the application layer in most video c=
lients? They dynamically adjust to the realtime end to end bandwidth on an =
end user by end user basis.=20

For a metro or backbone topology failure this method once again adapts per =
end point affected, over any aggregate path these clients are running over.

Moreover the expression of congestion by an ISP to an off net provider is n=
ot really an attribute you would like to advertise and used to berate the S=
P with.

QoS is your friend here if you wish to actually protect valued traffic, rat=
her the bringing whole bunches of users to the lowest common bandwidth for =
an app.

Andrew





On 5 Mar 2013, at 17:36, "Matt Mathis" <mattmathis@google.com> wrote:

> Bob, I do know how to do it from the ISP's vantage point.
>=20
> It is a bit harder from the content provider's vantage point.   A
> large content provider might, for example, want to be able to
> distinguish between appropriately filling subscriber links and
> aggravating some capacity failure elsewhere along the path.
> Traditional serving optimizations actually make this problem far
> worse: serving from as many places as possible, as close to the users
> as possible makes the system even more brittle to ISP failures.
>=20
> There is not an easy way to do this today.  There are inference
> signals (e.g. correlated losses across flows) but the signals are
> expensive and slow.
>=20
> Thanks,
> --MM--
> The best way to predict the future is to create it.  - Alan Kay
>=20
> Privacy matters!  We know from recent events that people are using our
> services to speak in defiance of unjust governments.   We treat
> privacy and security as matters of life and death, because for some
> users, they are.
>=20
>=20
> On Tue, Mar 5, 2013 at 1:53 AM, Bob Briscoe <bob.briscoe@bt.com> wrote:
>> Matt,
>>=20
>> The solution to the access link part of this problem is explained in:
>> <http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-briscoe-conex-initial-deploy-03#sectio=
n-4.1.1>
>>=20
>> It can only distinguish access link congestion from shared congestion.
>> Distinguishing home network congestion is harder, but possible with a tu=
nnel
>> to the home router, which already exists in some DSL arrangements (e.g. =
in
>> BT we use a tunnel for services that share a line).
>>=20
>>=20
>> Bob
>>=20
>>=20
>> At 22:18 04/03/2013, Matt Mathis wrote:
>>>=20
>>> I have an interesting problem that I wish ConEx could solve, but I
>>> don't see how.   I want to distinguish between congestion on the path
>>> between a server and a subscriber aggregation point (e.g. DSLAM etc)
>>> and congestion beyond the aggregation point (e.g. the access links
>>> themselves, or the user's home network).
>>>=20
>>> There are some ways to infer this, but as far as I can tell there is
>>> not a reasonable way to measure it directly.   This is a problem that
>>> we have touched on in the past, but I don't recall discussing any
>>> solutions.
>>>=20
>>> Thanks,
>>> --MM--
>>> The best way to predict the future is to create it.  - Alan Kay
>>>=20
>>> Privacy matters!  We know from recent events that people are using our
>>> services to speak in defiance of unjust governments.   We treat
>>> privacy and security as matters of life and death, because for some
>>> users, they are.
>>=20
>>=20
>> ________________________________________________________________
>> Bob Briscoe,                                                  BT
> _______________________________________________
> conex mailing list
> conex@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/conex

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Subject: Re: [conex] Potentially interesting ConEx problem
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On Tue, Mar 5, 2013 at 10:13 AM, Andrew McLachlan (amclachl)
<amclachl@cisco.com> wrote:
> Is this problem not mostly negated at the application layer in most video clients? They dynamically adjust to the realtime end to end bandwidth on an end user by end user basis.

The clients are not immutable, nor does the server have to tell the
clients about every available format.

> For a metro or backbone topology failure this method once again adapts per endpoint affected, over any aggregate path these clients are running over.

Right, but if I am serving from 2 mS away and the data rate is only
128kb/s, my expected TCP equilibrium loss rate might be well above 10%
(it depends on the queue size).  It makes a huge operational
difference to know if the bottleneck is one subscriber's access link
or 100k busy users trying to share a very saturated 10Gb/s link.  If
it is the latter, you really don't want to be one of the other 100k
users.

> Moreover the expression of congestion by an ISP to an off net provider is not really an attribute you would like to advertise and used to berate the SP with.

Perhaps true, but the risks flow in both directions, and the
alternative to sharing information has the potential to have much
worse outcomes for both parties.  Besides, some inference techniques
will always work.

> QoS is your friend here if you wish to actually protect valued traffic, rather the bringing whole bunches of users to the lowest common bandwidth for an app.

Lets think about that idea: unconditionally mark all of my traffic to
be lower priority than my competitors...  I don't think that will pass
muster.   There are additional more incremental solutions in this
space, including weighted congestion control, with the ability to trim
the weights by small amounts in real time.  (Which will indirectly
cause clients to choose lower rate formats).

The question I was asking was can ConEx help the content provider know
which bottleneck prevails?   Bob?

Yes, John L, knowing which hop is key.  but recording it in the ConEx
destination option seems like a ReallyBadIdea.  For one thing all
potential tags are out of scope (I don't want to know hop counts or IP
addresses towards the user, nor if the user has a bottlenecked WiFi
between the client and the access link.)   What I really want to know
is: What are the traffic aggregates/routing prefixes sharing the same
bottleneck?

Thanks,
--MM--
The best way to predict the future is to create it.  - Alan Kay

Privacy matters!  We know from recent events that people are using our
services to speak in defiance of unjust governments.   We treat
privacy and security as matters of life and death, because for some
users, they are.

From swmike@swm.pp.se  Tue Mar  5 21:20:53 2013
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On Tue, 5 Mar 2013, Matt Mathis wrote:

> The question I was asking was can ConEx help the content provider know 
> which bottleneck prevails?  Bob?

I tried to get the TCP people look into this, but got shot down. They 
didn't feel TCP would work better by knowing more, or I guess they didn't 
want to handle th complexity.

My idea was that TCP would over time "find out" what the access looked 
like if it indeed was the only thing congesting, and even that the 
connection manager on the machine would inform TCP what the properties of 
the primary connection was (speed, buffering, retransmits, half/full 
duplex etc), and if something substantial (like the link going down or 
coming up, speed changed etc) happened, TCP would be informed of this.

They felt it was better to have TCP find out by itself instead of getting 
fed this information via some API.

-- 
Mikael Abrahamsson    email: swmike@swm.pp.se

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So as an intermittent TCP person, I agree with them: this does not
belong at the TCP layer, but at some slightly higher serving services
layer, because it is has to be coupled to things like load balancers,
etc.  Per server state isn't useful.

Which is not the same as saying the idea isn't valuable, it is just
that TCP itself isn't quite the right place.

Thanks,
--MM--
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On Tue, Mar 5, 2013 at 9:20 PM, Mikael Abrahamsson <swmike@swm.pp.se> wrote:
> On Tue, 5 Mar 2013, Matt Mathis wrote:
>
>> The question I was asking was can ConEx help the content provider know
>> which bottleneck prevails?  Bob?
>
>
> I tried to get the TCP people look into this, but got shot down. They didn't
> feel TCP would work better by knowing more, or I guess they didn't want to
> handle th complexity.
>
> My idea was that TCP would over time "find out" what the access looked like
> if it indeed was the only thing congesting, and even that the connection
> manager on the machine would inform TCP what the properties of the primary
> connection was (speed, buffering, retransmits, half/full duplex etc), and if
> something substantial (like the link going down or coming up, speed changed
> etc) happened, TCP would be informed of this.
>
> They felt it was better to have TCP find out by itself instead of getting
> fed this information via some API.
>
> --
> Mikael Abrahamsson    email: swmike@swm.pp.se
>
> _______________________________________________
> conex mailing list
> conex@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/conex

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On Wed, 6 Mar 2013, Matt Mathis wrote:

> Which is not the same as saying the idea isn't valuable, it is just that 
> TCP itself isn't quite the right place.

Well, I can't personally understand why the end user wouldn't get a better 
experience by TCP knowing that the wifi link is now up again, so it might 
be good to reset the retransmit timers to 1s instead of waiting 60 seconds 
before trying again.

-- 
Mikael Abrahamsson    email: swmike@swm.pp.se

From michael.scharf@alcatel-lucent.com  Wed Mar  6 11:46:26 2013
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From: "Scharf, Michael (Michael)" <michael.scharf@alcatel-lucent.com>
To: Mikael Abrahamsson <swmike@swm.pp.se>, ConEx IETF list <conex@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 6 Mar 2013 20:46:07 +0100
Thread-Topic: [conex] Potentially interesting ConEx problem
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Mikael,

I do not understand how a congestion manager solves the problem raised here=
. Also, since you seem to be unhappy with TCPM,  please recall that at leas=
t I was interested in seeing empirical data for the timer problem you descr=
ibed (e. g., real OS traces). But that discussion would be better suited fo=
r the TCPM list, imho.

Actually, I do think that another recent TCPM discussion is closer related =
to this question: http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tcpm/current/msg0682=
9.html (But Matt is certainly aware of this already, and it doesn't solve t=
he problem).

Another random idea that comes into my mind is the Quick-Start nonce mechan=
ism. In Quick-Start one can ensure that certain actions can only be perform=
ed by downstream routers. Sure, this is not what is needed here, but maybe =
another interesting pointer?

Michael

________________________________________
Von: conex-bounces@ietf.org [conex-bounces@ietf.org] im Auftrag von Mikael =
Abrahamsson [swmike@swm.pp.se]
Gesendet: Mittwoch, 6. M=E4rz 2013 06:20
An: ConEx IETF list
Betreff: Re: [conex] Potentially interesting ConEx problem

On Tue, 5 Mar 2013, Matt Mathis wrote:

> The question I was asking was can ConEx help the content provider know
> which bottleneck prevails?  Bob?

I tried to get the TCP people look into this, but got shot down. They
didn't feel TCP would work better by knowing more, or I guess they didn't
want to handle th complexity.

My idea was that TCP would over time "find out" what the access looked
like if it indeed was the only thing congesting, and even that the
connection manager on the machine would inform TCP what the properties of
the primary connection was (speed, buffering, retransmits, half/full
duplex etc), and if something substantial (like the link going down or
coming up, speed changed etc) happened, TCP would be informed of this.

They felt it was better to have TCP find out by itself instead of getting
fed this information via some API.

--
Mikael Abrahamsson    email: swmike@swm.pp.se
_______________________________________________
conex mailing list
conex@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/conex

From swmike@swm.pp.se  Wed Mar  6 20:34:24 2013
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On Wed, 6 Mar 2013, Scharf, Michael (Michael) wrote:

> I do not understand how a congestion manager solves the problem raised 
> here.

Are you referring to TCP or Conex here?

> Also, since you seem to be unhappy with TCPM, please recall that at 
> least I was interested in seeing empirical data for the timer problem 
> you described (e. g., real OS traces). But that discussion would be 
> better suited for the TCPM list, imho.

Well, I'm not going back to the TCPM list with my idea (I felt there was 
consensus there this wasn't anything for TCP), I'll try to pitch my idea 
to other parties that might actually have an understanding for my the 
problem I'm experiencing and get running code into operating systems 
first.

I've moved over to "mosh" (http://mosh.mit.edu/) which solves my problem 
nicely by avoiding TCP and using UDP instead.

-- 
Mikael Abrahamsson    email: swmike@swm.pp.se

From mirja.kuehlewind@ikr.uni-stuttgart.de  Thu Mar  7 13:19:34 2013
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Hi Matt,

> The question I was asking was can ConEx help the content provider know
> which bottleneck prevails?   Bob?

(sorry I'm not Bob but will give it a try anyway)

I don't think ConEx can help here. I believe you assume a scenario where the 
content provider is in most cases the sender. With ConEx information will be 
re-insert form the sender into the network. Thus ECN or loss information thus 
will be sufficient at the sender. 

Anyway as I've been recently looking in loss measurement/estimations methods, 
I actually came over the same question. Here my current ideas:

- The client/receiver might know its access bandwidth and could provide this 
information to the server (in a higher layer protocol) or send some 
measurement traffic to the server or a measurement server

- distinguish self-congestion (only one flow on bottleneck link) form shared 
congestion by looking at the lost pattern, e.g. a flow using cubic or reno 
has a very regular loss burst with a defined number of losses in a defined 
period (I'm currently looking at this) if there is no cross traffic 
disturbing the flow

- correlate the losses (or loss pattern) of multiple flows (from the same 
server to different clients) to see if losses occur at the same time/in the 
same period (see network tomography in literature)

Does this help?

Mirja


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Andrew,

Going back in the thread to your point...


At 18:13 05/03/2013, Andrew McLachlan (amclachl) wrote:
>Is this problem not mostly negated at the application layer in most 
>video clients? They dynamically adjust to the realtime end to end 
>bandwidth on an end user by end user basis.

Yes, by driving load until they detect losses. That's just normal 
regular congestion avoidance & control. So far, that's nothing to do 
with ConEx, which doesn't propose to change what the network tells 
hosts. Rather, it's about hosts telling the network what e2e 
congestion they have detected.

>For a metro or backbone topology failure this method once again 
>adapts per end point affected, over any aggregate path these clients 
>are running over.

Yes. Again, nothing new here.

>Moreover the expression of congestion by an ISP to an off net 
>provider is not really an attribute you would like to advertise and 
>used to berate the SP with.

A link cannot not signal congestion (double negative intended) if 
hosts are overloading it with traffic, even briefly. It has to 
discard as much traffic as it has to discard. It's only choice is in 
whether it does that randomly (ie proportionate to instantaneous 
load) or focused (leading into your QoS point next).

This still isn't related to ConEx, which is about the sender 
signalling the e2e congestion it detects back into the network, in an 
e2e field, which hosts can integrity-protect against networks 
altering it if they choose. ConEx is not about whether the network 
signals congestion (because it has no choice over that).

>QoS is your friend here if you wish to actually protect valued 
>traffic, rather the bringing whole bunches of users to the lowest 
>common bandwidth for an app.

ConEx is about intra-class protection of traffic. The operator can 
use QoS classes (or not), and it could manage traffic within a class 
using ConEx (or not).

ConEx will be useful for focusing policing on particularly heavy 
sources within a class. QoS (Diffserv) focuses discards on all lower 
class traffic indiscriminately. The two could work together, so 
during overload QOS protects valued traffic and even in the lower 
classes ConEx will protect most traffic, while only shedding traffic 
from the heaviest customer(s) in the lower class.

I believe you are dividing traffic up into valued (premium) and not, 
but customers also value and pay for this so-called 'not valued' 
traffic. And operators don't only care about premium traffic - they 
know they can't afford to lose custom for either service type.


Matt's question was about how the network can infer whether 
congestion is shared or self-congestion (policing the major 
contributers would help in the former, but not the latter).



Bob



>Andrew
>
>
>
>
>
>On 5 Mar 2013, at 17:36, "Matt Mathis" <mattmathis@google.com> wrote:
>
> > Bob, I do know how to do it from the ISP's vantage point.
> >
> > It is a bit harder from the content provider's vantage point.   A
> > large content provider might, for example, want to be able to
> > distinguish between appropriately filling subscriber links and
> > aggravating some capacity failure elsewhere along the path.
> > Traditional serving optimizations actually make this problem far
> > worse: serving from as many places as possible, as close to the users
> > as possible makes the system even more brittle to ISP failures.
> >
> > There is not an easy way to do this today.  There are inference
> > signals (e.g. correlated losses across flows) but the signals are
> > expensive and slow.
> >
> > Thanks,
> > --MM--
> > The best way to predict the future is to create it.  - Alan Kay
> >
> > Privacy matters!  We know from recent events that people are using our
> > services to speak in defiance of unjust governments.   We treat
> > privacy and security as matters of life and death, because for some
> > users, they are.
> >
> >
> > On Tue, Mar 5, 2013 at 1:53 AM, Bob Briscoe <bob.briscoe@bt.com> wrote:
> >> Matt,
> >>
> >> The solution to the access link part of this problem is explained in:
> >> 
> <http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-briscoe-conex-initial-deploy-03#section-4.1.1>
> >>
> >> It can only distinguish access link congestion from shared congestion.
> >> Distinguishing home network congestion is harder, but possible 
> with a tunnel
> >> to the home router, which already exists in some DSL arrangements (e.g. in
> >> BT we use a tunnel for services that share a line).
> >>
> >>
> >> Bob
> >>
> >>
> >> At 22:18 04/03/2013, Matt Mathis wrote:
> >>>
> >>> I have an interesting problem that I wish ConEx could solve, but I
> >>> don't see how.   I want to distinguish between congestion on the path
> >>> between a server and a subscriber aggregation point (e.g. DSLAM etc)
> >>> and congestion beyond the aggregation point (e.g. the access links
> >>> themselves, or the user's home network).
> >>>
> >>> There are some ways to infer this, but as far as I can tell there is
> >>> not a reasonable way to measure it directly.   This is a problem that
> >>> we have touched on in the past, but I don't recall discussing any
> >>> solutions.
> >>>
> >>> Thanks,
> >>> --MM--
> >>> The best way to predict the future is to create it.  - Alan Kay
> >>>
> >>> Privacy matters!  We know from recent events that people are using our
> >>> services to speak in defiance of unjust governments.   We treat
> >>> privacy and security as matters of life and death, because for some
> >>> users, they are.
> >>
> >>
> >> ________________________________________________________________
> >> Bob Briscoe,                                                  BT
> > _______________________________________________
> > conex mailing list
> > conex@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/conex

________________________________________________________________
Bob Briscoe,                                                  BT 


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Cc: conex@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [conex] Potentially interesting ConEx problem
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Matt,

At 21:19 07/03/2013, Mirja Kuehlewind wrote:
>Hi Matt,
>
> > The question I was asking was can ConEx help the content provider know
> > which bottleneck prevails?   Bob?

Sorry, seeing your repeated question, I had misinterpreted.

As Mirja says below, I can't see how ConEx could help the /content 
provider/ to know anything. The content provider sends the ConEx 
signal in the first place, so it surely cannot learn anything new 
from a signal it sends itself.

I think Mirja's on the right track for the content provider to infer 
the difference between shared and self-congestion. Fixed-line 
self-congestion should lead to a very regular total bandwidth across 
flows, and a regular loss pattern.

That isn't a panacea tho, because there might be tons of devices 
within a home sharing a fixed access link making all the flows to any 
single device see what looks like shared and variable congestion. Or 
the link might have a wireless tail that is shaking about all over 
the bandwidth range.

Does it matter? If there's a link failure so loads of people's 
traffic all gets squeezed into some remaining link, the content 
provider will see the congestion, and adjust down. The congestion 
level will be higher, so it should go slower. Sorted?

However, I don't understand the last part of your question (below). 
Why more brittle?

At 17:36 05/03/2013, Matt Mathis wrote:
>Traditional serving optimizations actually make this problem far
>worse: serving from as many places as possible, as close to the users
>as possible makes the system even more brittle to ISP failures.



Bob


>(sorry I'm not Bob but will give it a try anyway)
>
>I don't think ConEx can help here. I believe you assume a scenario where the
>content provider is in most cases the sender. With ConEx information will be
>re-insert form the sender into the network. Thus ECN or loss information thus
>will be sufficient at the sender.
>
>Anyway as I've been recently looking in loss measurement/estimations methods,
>I actually came over the same question. Here my current ideas:
>
>- The client/receiver might know its access bandwidth and could provide this
>information to the server (in a higher layer protocol) or send some
>measurement traffic to the server or a measurement server
>
>- distinguish self-congestion (only one flow on bottleneck link) form shared
>congestion by looking at the lost pattern, e.g. a flow using cubic or reno
>has a very regular loss burst with a defined number of losses in a defined
>period (I'm currently looking at this) if there is no cross traffic
>disturbing the flow
>
>- correlate the losses (or loss pattern) of multiple flows (from the same
>server to different clients) to see if losses occur at the same time/in the
>same period (see network tomography in literature)
>
>Does this help?
>
>Mirja
>
>_______________________________________________
>conex mailing list
>conex@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/conex

________________________________________________________________
Bob Briscoe,                                                  BT 


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Hi,

I reviewed this draft, which is of interest to me. Indeed, as said during t=
he IETF83 in Paris, I believe that documenting how to use ConEx in the cont=
ext of mobile networks would be beneficial to the industry, as it clearly c=
orresponds to an interesting use case. I would be happy to help if useful.

Please see below some comments/questions for clarification, with the goal o=
f improving this draft.


- Section 2: overview of 3GPP EPC

I am not convinced that this overview is really a must in this document, es=
pecially if the purpose is to publish it at the end. Referencing the releva=
nt 3GPP documents might be appropriate instead. Also, I would suggest avoid=
ing to make this draft specific to LTE; indeed ConEx is applicable to other=
 mobile networks.

What could be of interest however in this section might be to describe in a=
 generic way the aspects specific to the mobile networks relevant to ConEx,=
 for instance:
	- the use very often of a tunnel "IP over IP" (GTP tunnel in general)
	- the fact that two very different segments are involved in those networks=
 (wireless and backhaul/core)
	- the specificities of the wireless segment - e.g. the cost of transmittin=
g a packet depends on the radio conditions
	- the mobility aspects, and their impact on the places where ConEx related=
 information must be maintained
	- the potential presence of very different mobile technologies (e.g. 3GPP-=
based and Wifi) and offloading scenarios

The following draft that we briefly presented in Paris could give some inpu=
ts on the wireless segment: http://tools.ietf.org/pdf/draft-jobert-tsvwg-pr=
e-congest-notif-mobile-00.pdf

In addition, I wonder if the scope of this document could also cover unlice=
nsed wireless networks such as Wifi? Perhaps the architectures are a bit di=
fferent, but maybe not too much. And I understood that Wifi is already part=
 of the offloading scenarios described in this draft.


- Section 3: ConEx use cases

This draft mentions 4 different use case of ConEx in mobile networks:

	3.1- CONEX as a Basis for Traffic Management

The beginning of section 3.1 has again many references to 3GPP LTE mechanis=
ms that are not really ConEx specific. It would be desirable to focus the d=
iscussion on ConEX: describe basically the features that ConEx would bring,=
 and how to deploy the mechanism, without necessarily comparing with 3GPP L=
TE features.

DPI and admission control are mentioned. It is worth clarifying that DPI is=
 clearly not used everywhere and has clear drawbacks (e.g. versatility of a=
pplication signatures, trend to encryption). I would personally avoid prese=
nting it as a de facto mechanism; there are other options to manage QoS in =
a dynamic way in mobile networks. It is worth also mentioning that the effi=
ciency of admission control mechanisms for data services is quite limited i=
n general in mobile networks, due to the high variability of the traffic an=
d of the achievable throughput on the radio interface. My experience is tha=
t, most of the time, they are simply deactivated for data services.

When reading the text, I found the DPI discussion and comparison with ConEx=
 quite unclear. These are 2 different mechanisms. As presented in the draft=
, DPI aims at identifying certain types of applications, to potentially app=
ly a particular treatment to them in case of congestion. My understanding o=
f ConEx is that it can tell you about how much congestion has been caused b=
y a user or by a flow in the past. One might want to apply a particular tre=
atment to the flows having causes the highest congestion in the past, but I=
 believe that it is a different use case compared to the "service classific=
ation" mentioned with DPI - both could actually be complementary and combin=
ed. I don't fully agree that ConEx plays the same role as a mechanism which=
 aims at identifying the type of application (DPI, or another mechanism). I=
 don't believe either that it is "more accurate and dynamic fashion"; this =
is simply different paradigm.

The use case of data offload is also mentioned. While I understand the conc=
ept, I am not sure that I see how this is specific to ConEx. This is a bit =
similar to the previous discussion: one can apply various criteria to selec=
t the flows to be offloaded, ConEx providing information for a congestion-b=
ased selection. I'll tend to think that congestion will very likely not be =
the only criteria.

Again, I believe that the draft would benefit in simply describing how ConE=
x is expected to be used to address this kind of use cases, rather than com=
paring with other LTE mechanisms.


	3.2- CONEX to Incentivize Scavenger Transports

While I fully understand the objective of this (basically, incentivize the =
use of less-than-best-effort transport), I feel that this is more in the ha=
nds of the application than the network, and the application probably needs=
 some trigger from the network to move to this kind of scavenger transport.=
 Therefore, you might perhaps add that additional specific mechanisms could=
 be implemented in the network, such as the one described in section 3.3 (A=
ccounting for Congestion Volume), to really incentivize the applications to=
 play the game.


	3.3- Accounting for Congestion Volume

IMHO, this is probably the most interesting use case for ConEx in mobile ne=
tworks: providing a more accurate form of fair usage. How to use ConEx to a=
ddress this use case should be better described in this document. The advan=
tages of informing the application about the periods of congestion could be=
 for instance highlighted. Also, the description could be combined with the=
 previous use case described in section 3.2 (Scavenger Transports), since t=
hey are in a way complementary.


	3.4- CONEX as a Form of Differential QoS

I don't really see the main difference compared to section 3.1; could you c=
larify what is specific here? Perhaps both sections should be combined?


- Section 3.5: Partial vs. Full Deployment

This section is really important, as it is quite clear that ConEx will not =
be supported everywhere in potential early deployments. Especially, as ment=
ioned in the draft, mobile terminals may not support the mechanisms at the =
beginning.

Some of the schemes suggested during partial deployments may however be dif=
ficult to be explained to the end user (e.g. "apply fixed volume caps for n=
on-CONEX UEs and more flexible schemes for CONEX-enabled UEs"), and therefo=
re difficult to consider in practice. This may moreover not always be a mat=
ter of mobile terminal, but also of the way the application running on the =
terminal is developed - hence the potential variability.

Migration paths and partial support for ConEx should be further detailed, i=
n particular how to progressively introduce ConEx in mobile networks, e.g. =
in case the features are not supported everywhere. For instance, in case th=
e terminals do not implement ConEx, could some ConEx functions be implement=
ed in the base station instead? The draft is currently not so detailed on t=
hese aspects.

This section describes relevant areas where attention is required (roaming,=
 mobility, ...). There is however some overlapping with previous section on=
 ConEx-based data offload (it might be easily fixed).


- Section 4: ConEX in the EPS

The description of the 3 scenarios is currently very limited/weak (basicall=
y reduced to the figures...). Further details are clearly needed to underst=
and them.

For instance, I don't understand how case 1 (figure 2) could work without t=
he UE supporting ConEx. How can the server know about the amount of congest=
ion in this case? My understanding of this scenario is that the UE does not=
 even send back to the sender the congestion signal (e.g. ECN/loss) in the =
TCP layer.

It is not clear either how ConEx could operate over multiple administrative=
 domains (e.g. multiple operators).

It should be discussed somewhere whether the purpose is to cover congestion=
 only over the wireless segment, only over the backhaul segment, or both. A=
 section discussing how to actually manage / differentiate congestion in th=
e backhaul vs radio segment could be useful. Indeed, when ECN is used, this=
 kind of consideration may be of importance. It was good point to reference=
 RFC 6040 as propagation of the ECN marking across the (GTP) tunnel may be =
needed. Further details about the exact option(s) to be used could however =
be useful.

The draft should recommend more clearly where to position the different fun=
ctions defined in ConEx, e.g.:
	- Policer in the core network (e.g. in the GGSN / PDN-GW)
	- Auditer in the base station
	- Support for ConEx in the mobile terminals (as senders or receivers)
	- Support for ConEx in the senders more in general (e.g. Web server)

While I understand the concept, I am not fully convinced about positioning =
the policer in the base station for the uplink direction; that seems really=
 too much distributed for this kind of function. Probably it depends on the=
 exact use case addressed, but if some form of user-specific accounting inf=
ormation is required to the policer, this position is clearly not a good op=
tion at all.


- Other comments

I have a general question to the group: which relationships do you see betw=
een ConEx and UPCON activities in 3GPP? They are touching the same aspects =
(namely congestions in wireless networks), but the mechanisms may at the en=
d be quite different (although my understanding is that the mechanisms in U=
PCON are still to be defined).

For instance:=20
	- Could ConEx be one possible solution to UPCON?
	- Will UPCON be an alternative to ConEx, where the congestion information =
will be carried back to the core network by another mean than TCP layer? (e=
.g. inside the GTP tunnel)
	- Can UPCON be considered as similar to a partial deployment of ConEx, and=
 be completed later when the mobile terminals will be "ConEx aware"?

I'd be really interested to hear people's opinion on these items.

Thanks.

Cheers,

S=E9bastien

-----Message d'origine-----
De=A0: conex-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:conex-bounces@ietf.org] De la part de=
 internet-drafts@ietf.org
Envoy=E9=A0: jeudi 10 janvier 2013 09:19
=C0=A0: i-d-announce@ietf.org
Cc=A0: conex@ietf.org
Objet=A0: [conex] I-D Action: draft-ietf-conex-mobile-01.txt


A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Congestion Exposure Working Group of the =
IETF.

	Title           : Mobile Communication Congestion Exposure Scenario
	Author(s)       : Dirk Kutscher
                          Faisal Ghias Mir
                          Rolf Winter
                          Suresh Krishnan
                          Ying Zhang
                          Carlos J. Bernardos
	Filename        : draft-ietf-conex-mobile-01.txt
	Pages           : 22
	Date            : 2013-01-10

Abstract:
   This memo describes a mobile communications use case for congestion
   exposure (CONEX) with a particular focus on mobile communication
   networks such as 3GPP Evoled Packet System (EPS).  The draft provides
   a brief overview of the architecture of these networks (both access
   and core networks), current QoS mechanisms and then discusses how
   congestion exposure concepts could be applied.  Based on this, this
   memo suggests a set of requirements for CONEX mechanisms that
   particularly apply to mobile networks.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-conex-mobile

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-conex-mobile-01

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-conex-mobile-01


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

_______________________________________________
conex mailing list
conex@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/conex

___________________________________________________________________________=
______________________________________________

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Thank you.


From Dirk.Kutscher@neclab.eu  Mon Mar 11 01:25:42 2013
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From: Dirk Kutscher <Dirk.Kutscher@neclab.eu>
To: "sebastien.jobert@orange.com" <sebastien.jobert@orange.com>, "conex@ietf.org" <conex@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [conex] I-D Action: draft-ietf-conex-mobile-01.txt
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Hi Sebastien,

Thanks a lot for the feedback -- we'll come back to that (hopefully soon).

Best regards,
Dirk

> -----Original Message-----
> From: conex-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:conex-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
> Of sebastien.jobert@orange.com
> Sent: Samstag, 9. M=E4rz 2013 01:03
> To: conex@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [conex] I-D Action: draft-ietf-conex-mobile-01.txt
>=20
> Hi,
>=20
> I reviewed this draft, which is of interest to me. Indeed, as said during=
 the
> IETF83 in Paris, I believe that documenting how to use ConEx in the conte=
xt
> of mobile networks would be beneficial to the industry, as it clearly
> corresponds to an interesting use case. I would be happy to help if usefu=
l.
>=20
> Please see below some comments/questions for clarification, with the goal
> of improving this draft.
>=20
>=20
> - Section 2: overview of 3GPP EPC
>=20
> I am not convinced that this overview is really a must in this document,
> especially if the purpose is to publish it at the end. Referencing the re=
levant
> 3GPP documents might be appropriate instead. Also, I would suggest
> avoiding to make this draft specific to LTE; indeed ConEx is applicable t=
o other
> mobile networks.
>=20
> What could be of interest however in this section might be to describe in=
 a
> generic way the aspects specific to the mobile networks relevant to ConEx=
,
> for instance:
> 	- the use very often of a tunnel "IP over IP" (GTP tunnel in general)
> 	- the fact that two very different segments are involved in those
> networks (wireless and backhaul/core)
> 	- the specificities of the wireless segment - e.g. the cost of
> transmitting a packet depends on the radio conditions
> 	- the mobility aspects, and their impact on the places where ConEx
> related information must be maintained
> 	- the potential presence of very different mobile technologies (e.g.
> 3GPP-based and Wifi) and offloading scenarios
>=20
> The following draft that we briefly presented in Paris could give some in=
puts
> on the wireless segment: http://tools.ietf.org/pdf/draft-jobert-tsvwg-pre=
-
> congest-notif-mobile-00.pdf
>=20
> In addition, I wonder if the scope of this document could also cover
> unlicensed wireless networks such as Wifi? Perhaps the architectures are =
a
> bit different, but maybe not too much. And I understood that Wifi is alre=
ady
> part of the offloading scenarios described in this draft.
>=20
>=20
> - Section 3: ConEx use cases
>=20
> This draft mentions 4 different use case of ConEx in mobile networks:
>=20
> 	3.1- CONEX as a Basis for Traffic Management
>=20
> The beginning of section 3.1 has again many references to 3GPP LTE
> mechanisms that are not really ConEx specific. It would be desirable to f=
ocus
> the discussion on ConEX: describe basically the features that ConEx would
> bring, and how to deploy the mechanism, without necessarily comparing
> with 3GPP LTE features.
>=20
> DPI and admission control are mentioned. It is worth clarifying that DPI =
is
> clearly not used everywhere and has clear drawbacks (e.g. versatility of
> application signatures, trend to encryption). I would personally avoid
> presenting it as a de facto mechanism; there are other options to manage
> QoS in a dynamic way in mobile networks. It is worth also mentioning that
> the efficiency of admission control mechanisms for data services is quite
> limited in general in mobile networks, due to the high variability of the=
 traffic
> and of the achievable throughput on the radio interface. My experience is
> that, most of the time, they are simply deactivated for data services.
>=20
> When reading the text, I found the DPI discussion and comparison with
> ConEx quite unclear. These are 2 different mechanisms. As presented in th=
e
> draft, DPI aims at identifying certain types of applications, to potentia=
lly apply
> a particular treatment to them in case of congestion. My understanding of
> ConEx is that it can tell you about how much congestion has been caused b=
y a
> user or by a flow in the past. One might want to apply a particular treat=
ment
> to the flows having causes the highest congestion in the past, but I beli=
eve
> that it is a different use case compared to the "service classification"
> mentioned with DPI - both could actually be complementary and combined. I
> don't fully agree that ConEx plays the same role as a mechanism which aim=
s
> at identifying the type of application (DPI, or another mechanism). I don=
't
> believe either that it is "more accurate and dynamic fashion"; this is si=
mply
> different paradigm.
>=20
> The use case of data offload is also mentioned. While I understand the
> concept, I am not sure that I see how this is specific to ConEx. This is =
a bit
> similar to the previous discussion: one can apply various criteria to sel=
ect the
> flows to be offloaded, ConEx providing information for a congestion-based
> selection. I'll tend to think that congestion will very likely not be the=
 only
> criteria.
>=20
> Again, I believe that the draft would benefit in simply describing how Co=
nEx
> is expected to be used to address this kind of use cases, rather than
> comparing with other LTE mechanisms.
>=20
>=20
> 	3.2- CONEX to Incentivize Scavenger Transports
>=20
> While I fully understand the objective of this (basically, incentivize th=
e use of
> less-than-best-effort transport), I feel that this is more in the hands o=
f the
> application than the network, and the application probably needs some
> trigger from the network to move to this kind of scavenger transport.
> Therefore, you might perhaps add that additional specific mechanisms coul=
d
> be implemented in the network, such as the one described in section 3.3
> (Accounting for Congestion Volume), to really incentivize the application=
s to
> play the game.
>=20
>=20
> 	3.3- Accounting for Congestion Volume
>=20
> IMHO, this is probably the most interesting use case for ConEx in mobile
> networks: providing a more accurate form of fair usage. How to use ConEx =
to
> address this use case should be better described in this document. The
> advantages of informing the application about the periods of congestion
> could be for instance highlighted. Also, the description could be combine=
d
> with the previous use case described in section 3.2 (Scavenger Transports=
),
> since they are in a way complementary.
>=20
>=20
> 	3.4- CONEX as a Form of Differential QoS
>=20
> I don't really see the main difference compared to section 3.1; could you
> clarify what is specific here? Perhaps both sections should be combined?
>=20
>=20
> - Section 3.5: Partial vs. Full Deployment
>=20
> This section is really important, as it is quite clear that ConEx will no=
t be
> supported everywhere in potential early deployments. Especially, as
> mentioned in the draft, mobile terminals may not support the mechanisms a=
t
> the beginning.
>=20
> Some of the schemes suggested during partial deployments may however
> be difficult to be explained to the end user (e.g. "apply fixed volume ca=
ps for
> non-CONEX UEs and more flexible schemes for CONEX-enabled UEs"), and
> therefore difficult to consider in practice. This may moreover not always=
 be a
> matter of mobile terminal, but also of the way the application running on=
 the
> terminal is developed - hence the potential variability.
>=20
> Migration paths and partial support for ConEx should be further detailed,=
 in
> particular how to progressively introduce ConEx in mobile networks, e.g. =
in
> case the features are not supported everywhere. For instance, in case the
> terminals do not implement ConEx, could some ConEx functions be
> implemented in the base station instead? The draft is currently not so
> detailed on these aspects.
>=20
> This section describes relevant areas where attention is required (roamin=
g,
> mobility, ...). There is however some overlapping with previous section o=
n
> ConEx-based data offload (it might be easily fixed).
>=20
>=20
> - Section 4: ConEX in the EPS
>=20
> The description of the 3 scenarios is currently very limited/weak (basica=
lly
> reduced to the figures...). Further details are clearly needed to underst=
and
> them.
>=20
> For instance, I don't understand how case 1 (figure 2) could work without=
 the
> UE supporting ConEx. How can the server know about the amount of
> congestion in this case? My understanding of this scenario is that the UE=
 does
> not even send back to the sender the congestion signal (e.g. ECN/loss) in=
 the
> TCP layer.
>=20
> It is not clear either how ConEx could operate over multiple administrati=
ve
> domains (e.g. multiple operators).
>=20
> It should be discussed somewhere whether the purpose is to cover
> congestion only over the wireless segment, only over the backhaul segment=
,
> or both. A section discussing how to actually manage / differentiate
> congestion in the backhaul vs radio segment could be useful. Indeed, when
> ECN is used, this kind of consideration may be of importance. It was good
> point to reference RFC 6040 as propagation of the ECN marking across the
> (GTP) tunnel may be needed. Further details about the exact option(s) to =
be
> used could however be useful.
>=20
> The draft should recommend more clearly where to position the different
> functions defined in ConEx, e.g.:
> 	- Policer in the core network (e.g. in the GGSN / PDN-GW)
> 	- Auditer in the base station
> 	- Support for ConEx in the mobile terminals (as senders or receivers)
> 	- Support for ConEx in the senders more in general (e.g. Web server)
>=20
> While I understand the concept, I am not fully convinced about positionin=
g
> the policer in the base station for the uplink direction; that seems real=
ly too
> much distributed for this kind of function. Probably it depends on the ex=
act
> use case addressed, but if some form of user-specific accounting informat=
ion
> is required to the policer, this position is clearly not a good option at=
 all.
>=20
>=20
> - Other comments
>=20
> I have a general question to the group: which relationships do you see
> between ConEx and UPCON activities in 3GPP? They are touching the same
> aspects (namely congestions in wireless networks), but the mechanisms may
> at the end be quite different (although my understanding is that the
> mechanisms in UPCON are still to be defined).
>=20
> For instance:
> 	- Could ConEx be one possible solution to UPCON?
> 	- Will UPCON be an alternative to ConEx, where the congestion
> information will be carried back to the core network by another mean than
> TCP layer? (e.g. inside the GTP tunnel)
> 	- Can UPCON be considered as similar to a partial deployment of
> ConEx, and be completed later when the mobile terminals will be "ConEx
> aware"?
>=20
> I'd be really interested to hear people's opinion on these items.
>=20
> Thanks.
>=20
> Cheers,
>=20
> S=E9bastien
>=20
> -----Message d'origine-----
> De=A0: conex-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:conex-bounces@ietf.org] De la part =
de
> internet-drafts@ietf.org Envoy=E9=A0: jeudi 10 janvier 2013 09:19 =C0=A0:=
 i-d-
> announce@ietf.org Cc=A0: conex@ietf.org Objet=A0: [conex] I-D Action: dra=
ft-ietf-
> conex-mobile-01.txt
>=20
>=20
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts direct=
ories.
>  This draft is a work item of the Congestion Exposure Working Group of th=
e
> IETF.
>=20
> 	Title           : Mobile Communication Congestion Exposure Scenario
> 	Author(s)       : Dirk Kutscher
>                           Faisal Ghias Mir
>                           Rolf Winter
>                           Suresh Krishnan
>                           Ying Zhang
>                           Carlos J. Bernardos
> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-conex-mobile-01.txt
> 	Pages           : 22
> 	Date            : 2013-01-10
>=20
> Abstract:
>    This memo describes a mobile communications use case for congestion
>    exposure (CONEX) with a particular focus on mobile communication
>    networks such as 3GPP Evoled Packet System (EPS).  The draft provides
>    a brief overview of the architecture of these networks (both access
>    and core networks), current QoS mechanisms and then discusses how
>    congestion exposure concepts could be applied.  Based on this, this
>    memo suggests a set of requirements for CONEX mechanisms that
>    particularly apply to mobile networks.
>=20
>=20
> The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-conex-mobile
>=20
> There's also a htmlized version available at:
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-conex-mobile-01
>=20
> A diff from the previous version is available at:
> http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-conex-mobile-01
>=20
>=20
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> conex mailing list
> conex@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/conex
>=20
> __________________________________________________________
> __________________________________________________________
> _____
>=20
> Ce message et ses pieces jointes peuvent contenir des informations
> confidentielles ou privilegiees et ne doivent donc pas etre diffuses, exp=
loites
> ou copies sans autorisation. Si vous avez recu ce message par erreur, veu=
illez
> le signaler a l'expediteur et le detruire ainsi que les pieces jointes. L=
es
> messages electroniques etant susceptibles d'alteration, France Telecom -
> Orange decline toute responsabilite si ce message a ete altere, deforme o=
u
> falsifie. Merci.
>=20
> This message and its attachments may contain confidential or privileged
> information that may be protected by law; they should not be distributed,
> used or copied without authorisation.
> If you have received this email in error, please notify the sender and de=
lete
> this message and its attachments.
> As emails may be altered, France Telecom - Orange is not liable for messa=
ges
> that have been modified, changed or falsified.
> Thank you.
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> conex mailing list
> conex@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/conex

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts director=
ies.
 This draft is a work item of the Congestion Exposure Working Group of the =
IETF.

	Title           : IPv6 Destination Option for ConEx
	Author(s)       : Suresh Krishnan
                          Mirja Kuehlewind
                          Carlos Ralli Ucendo
	Filename        : draft-ietf-conex-destopt-04.txt
	Pages           : 8
	Date            : 2013-03-28

Abstract:
   ConEx is a mechanism by which senders inform the network about the
   congestion encountered by packets earlier in the same flow.  This
   document specifies an IPv6 destination option that is capable of
   carrying ConEx markings in IPv6 datagrams.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-conex-destopt

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-conex-destopt-04

A diff from the previous version is available at:
http://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=3Ddraft-ietf-conex-destopt-04


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

