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Date: Fri, 9 Jan 2009 08:24:02 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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	Folks,

	There are several ongoing threads on the contents of the
	included draft and what its implications are for the
	various locator/id separation approaches. I wanted to
	move the discussion to a more public forum. Please chime
	in with your thoughts/comment.

	Thanks,

	Dave

---

Network Working Group                                           D. Meyer
Internet-Draft                                                  D. Lewis
Intended status: Informational                                     Cisco
Expires: June 22, 2009                                 December 19, 2008


          Architectural Implications of Locator/ID Separation
                 draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt

Status of this Memo

   By submitting this Internet-Draft, each author represents that any
   applicable patent or other IPR claims of which he or she is aware
   have been or will be disclosed, and any of which he or she becomes
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   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
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   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on June 22, 2009.

Abstract

   Recent work on Locator/ID Separation has focused primarily on the
   control plane protocols concerned with finding Identifier-to-Locator
   mappings.  However, experience gained with a trial deployment of a
   system designed to implement Locator/ID Separation has revealed two
   general classes of problems which must be resolved after the mapping
   is found: The Locator Path Liveness Problem and the State
   Synchronization Problem.  These problems have implications for the
   data plane as well as the control plane.







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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  The Problem Space  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  The Locator Path Liveness Problem  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     3.1.  Complexity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
       3.1.1.  Complexity of Host-Based Probing . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       3.1.2.  Complexity of Network-Based Probing  . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.2.  Possible Optimizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.3.  Security Issues  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   4.  Site-Based State Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
     4.1.  Complexity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   5.  Conclusions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   6.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   7.  IANA Considersations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   8.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     8.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     8.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 14































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1.  Introduction

   Locator/ID Separation (hereafter Loc/ID split) has been proposed as
   an architectural enhancement to the Internet architecture to
   facilitate, among other things, scaling of the global routing system
   [RFC1498][Chiappa99][Fuller06][RFC4984].  The basic idea is that the
   current number space (the IPv4/IPv6 address space) is overloaded with
   both location and identity semantics.  One consequence of this
   overloading is that it is difficult to assign routing locators
   (RLOCs) in a way that is congruent with the underlying network
   topology; this makes aggregation difficult (if not impossible).  This
   property is sometimes referred to as Rekhter's Law, and is frequently
   formulated as follows:

     "Addressing can follow topology or topology can follow
      addressing. Choose one."

   Endpoint Identifiers (EIDs), on the other hand, are typically
   assigned without regard to the underlying network topology (e.g.,
   Host Identity Tags [RFC4423]).  This makes it difficult for a single
   numbering space to efficiently serve the routing locator and endpoint
   identifier roles.

   Locator/Identity Separation can be used to decouple the allocation of
   of EIDs from RLOCs, enabling the RLOC space to be aggressively
   aggregated (i.e., by aligning RLOC allocations with the underlying
   network topology).  The positive effect of such aggregation would be
   to control the growth of global routing state (note that aggregation
   in the EID space may also an issue, but as of this writing hasn't
   been extensively explored).

   Recent work on Locator/ID Separation has focused almost exclusively
   on control plane protocols for finding Identifier-to-Locator mappings
   (for example, [I-D.fuller-lisp-alt][I-D.jen-apt]
   [I-D.lear-lisp-nerd]).  However, experience gained with a trial
   deployment of a system designed to implement Locator/ID Separation
   has revealed two general classes of problems which must be resolved
   after the mapping is found: The Locator Path Liveness Problem and the
   State Synchronization Problem.  These problems have implications for
   the data plane as well as the control plane.

   This document focuses on the Locator Path Liveness and State
   Synchronization problems, and is organized as follows: Section 2
   provides an overview of the problem space.  Section 3 discusses the
   Locator Path Liveness problem, and Section 4 discusses the State
   Synchronization problem.  Finally, Section 5 provides a few
   conclusions.




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2.  The Problem Space

   Decoupling Location and Identity has profound implications both the
   control and data planes.  In particular, decoupling location from
   identity leads to the two difficult problems: First, give a set of
   source locators and a set of destination locators, it must be
   possible to determine whether a particular destination locator is
   reachable.  We refer to this general problem as the Locator Path
   Liveness Problem.  The Locator Path Liveness Problem is exhibited in
   host-based architectures such as SHIM6 [I-D.ietf-shim6-proto]) and
   network-based architectures such as eFIT [EFIT] and [LISP]).  The
   "Hybrid Rewriting" class of architectures (e.g., ,GSE [ODell97])
   exhibit a slight variant on the problem.  Locator Liveness is
   discussed in Section 3.

   The second problem is that mapping state may need to be shared among
   network elements (this is as opposed to the determining if the
   locator itself is up or down).  This is referred to as the Site-Based
   State Synchronization Problem, and is specific to network-based
   architectures.  The Site-Based State Synchronization problem is
   discussed in Section 4.


3.  The Locator Path Liveness Problem

   The Locator Path Liveness Problem can be stated as follows:

     Given a set of source locators and a set of destination
      locators, can bidirectional connectivity be determined between
      the <source locator,destination locator> address pairs?

   A simple example illustrates the problem: Consider the scenario
   depicted in Figure 1.  Here a site S0 is multihomed to provider A and
   provider B. Further, suppose that S0 has a Provider Assigned (PA)
   locator from provider A (call it La) and a PA locator, Lb, from
   provider B. Suppose that provider A peers with provider B. In this
   case, S0 might "advertise" that its EID-prefixes can be reached
   through nodes La and Lb (either via DNS, explicit protocol message
   such as a Map-Reply message [LISP], or other method) to its
   correspondent sites.

   Now, suppose that a correspondent site S1 is connected to provider C,
   and that S0 has told S1 that it can reach S0 on either La or Lb.
   Suppose further that S1 chooses La to reach S0, so that packets
   sourced from S1 destined for S0 traverse the path S1->C->B->A->S0.
   Note that if connectivity between provider B and provider A is
   disrupted (for either business or technical reasons), La will not be
   reachable from S1.  In this case, S1 must detect that La is no longer



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   reachable and use Lb to restore connectivity (in the event that S1
   wants to restore connectivity; in today's Internet, would S0 would
   continue to be unreachable).

                                          S1
                                           |
                                           |
                                           C
                                           |
                                           |
                         A-----------------B
                          \  peering link /
                           \             /
                            \           /
                             \         /
                              \       /
                              La    Lb
                                \  /
                                 S0

                      Figure 1: Reachibility Failure

   The Locator Path Liveness problem arises in subtly different ways,
   depending on the contents of the mapping database (i.e., EIDs, RLOCs,
   or some combination of these), who queries the database (host or
   network element), and how knowledge is distributed between hosts and
   routing.  Note that in general, Locator Path Liveness must be tested
   in the data plane (although an implementation might take advantage of
   various "hints; see Section 3.2).

   Host-Based Architectures:  In host-based architectures (e.g., SHIM6
      [I-D.ietf-shim6-proto]), the problem arises because queries to the
      database (DNS in this case) return "addresses" which can be
      thought of as a concatenation of the RLOC and EID.  Since a host
      is anticipated to have multiple such "addresses" (at least in the
      SHIM6 case), it must choose a working <source,destination> pair
      from among its potential source addresses and its correspondent
      destination addresses.  REAP [I-D.ietf-shim6-failure-detection] is
      a probe-based reachability protocol which is designed to address
      this problem.

   Hybrid Network-Based Rewriting Archtectures:  In hybrid network-based
      rewriting architectures (e.g., GSE [ODell97]), the problem arises
      because there is a knowledge asymmetry between the host and
      routing.  Specifically, while the host is responsible for
      selecting the destination Routing Goop (RG) (i.e., the ingress
      point to the destination domain, essentially the destination
      RLOC), it is routing that selects the source RG.  So while the IGP



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      routing in a domain can be intelligent about egress points from
      the domain, it is the destination address, chosen by the host,
      that selects the ingress point in the destination domain.  However
      it is routing, and not the host, that knows if the destination is
      reachable or not.  Section 4.2 of [Zhang06] discusses this issue
      from a slightly different point of view.

      This asymmetry gives rise to the following problem: Hosts will
      likely want information, at some granularity, about which
      <source,destination> pairs currently work.  However, the host has
      no information about how many RGs are available to the site or if
      they are currently reachable.  So the host can not test the set of
      <source,destination> pairs for active paths.  On the other hand,
      the routing can't either, unless it snoops on TCP connections
      (which doesn't deal with asymmetric paths, UDP flows, or
      unidirectional flows).

      It is worth noting that unlike most "modern" descriptions of how
      GSE uses the DNS (e.g., [Zhang06]), the original GSE design
      [ODell97][ODell08] envisioned that the DNS would have a new
      resource record type, the RG record, to carry a site's RGs.  Hosts
      would only have AAAA records.  The idea was that for a given
      destination domain, a host in the source domain would compute the
      Cartesian Product {RGs}x{A4s}.  Thus alternate path sensing would
      become a a matter of local policy, and not hard-wired by the
      destination domain (or whoever happens to be authoritative for the
      destination domain's names).  Notice however that even the
      introduction of the RG resource record, the knowledge asymmetry
      remains.

   Network-Based Map-and-Encap Archtectures:  In the case of map-and-
      encap network-based architectures, the problem arises because the
      mapping element (e.g., Ingress Tunnel Router, or ITR) must choose
      among the RLOCs it has learned for a given EID-prefix.  Here since
      the ITR holds the mappings that knows the set of possible remote
      "addresses" and not the host, the host may choose among multiple
      EIDs, but it cannot choose among the possible RLOCs (the host has
      no access to that information).  Hence if the ITR chooses a RLOC
      that may not be reachable, traffic to the destination site will be
      blackholed, and the host is left with no recourse.

3.1.  Complexity

   The complexity of testing Locator Path Liveness in the data plane is
   roughly O(M*N), where there are M source addresses and N destination
   addresses.  The following sections more closely analyze the
   complexity of host-based and network-based liveness probing.




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3.1.1.  Complexity of Host-Based Probing

   Host-based implementations must keep per-correspondent host liveness
   state.  The complexity of probing in a host-based implementation can
   be though of as follows:

       Let C   = the number of correspondent hosts
       Let D_i = the number of destination locators for host C_i
       Let S   = the number of source locators

       Then the complexity of host-based probing, P_host, is

       O(P_host), where P_host = S*sum(D_i), i = 0...C-1

3.1.2.  Complexity of Network-Based Probing

   Network-based implementations must keep per-destination egress point
   liveness.  The complexity of probing in a network-based
   implementation can be thought of as follows:

       Let N   = the number of EID-prefixes in a network element's
                 cache
       Let L_i = the number of locators for EID-prefix N_i
       Let M   = the number of source locators

       Then the complexity of network-based probing, P_network,  can
       be described as

       O(P_network), where P_network = M*sum(L_i), i = 0...N-1

   Note that a network-based probing scheme might have an advantage here
   since a single EID-prefix may cover many correspondent hosts.  That
   is, sum(L_i), i = 0...N-1 < sum(D_i), i = 0...C-1

3.2.  Possible Optimizations

   The previous sections analyzed the complexity of explicitly probing
   to assess Locator Path Liveness.  In order to mitigate this
   complexity, an implementation might attempt to rely on the various
   "hints".  The following sections, while not intended to be an
   exhaustive survey, outline some of the Locator Path Liveness hints an
   implementation may utilize.

   Data Traffic:  When data is received, an implementation might assume
      that the source of that traffic is reachable, and as such probing
      might not be needed.  Of course, this is at best a unidirectional
      "hint" that an implementation might use to determine locator
      liveness.  Of course, only a complete round trip, wherein the



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      distant site says something back to the local site which the local
      site originally sent to the distant site, can one then guarantee
      that the distant site can hear the local site.

      A variation on this theme is to "piggyback" liveness testing on
      user data traffic, by adding a Solicit-User-Probe-Reply bit, which
      tells the far end to send back the next user data packet(s) with
      the outbound nonce, and a User-Probe-Reply bit set.  Of course,
      this optimization depends on the existence of some traffic (even
      if not for the same connection) going between pairs of border
      elements.  That is, if a particular pair has only traffic in one
      direction, this method fails.  In addition, it requires extra
      processing on user data packets, extra overhead in the packets (a
      field, some bits), and extra protocol complication.  Of course,
      such piggybacking only provides the view from remote domain, not
      whether the locator is actually reachable from the recipient of
      the "User-Probe-Bit".

   Protocol Control Messages:  If a protocol control message is received
      (for example, a Map-Reply), an implementation may conclude that
      the source of that is reachable.  Again, in the best case, this is
      only a hint, since receipt of the control message proves only
      unidirectional connectivity.

   Piggybacking Liveness Indications:  A network-based architecture
      might piggyback indication of intra-domain locator liveness on
      other data and/or protocol messages.  An example of this approach
      is LISP's use of loc-reach bits to indicate which Egress Tunnel
      Routers in a domain are up (from an inside the domain
      perspective).

   Existence of the Locator in underlying routing:  A device which is
      responsible for locator liveness can utilize underlying routing to
      determine if the locator is at all available.  If the network
      prefix (or a covering aggregate) for the destination locator is
      NOT found in underlying routing, then the path will not be
      available.  This is at best a negative detection, it can show when
      a path is not available, but liveness of a particular locator.  A
      given locator may still be unavailable and this not be shown in
      routing, due to data plane filtering, or the reachability being
      hidden by aggregation of the particular locator prefix.

   Positive Feedback From Other Protocols:  An implementation may be
      able to deduce some forms of reachability from other protocols.
      For example, TCP might indicate to the IP layer that it believes
      that there is bidirectional connectivity between a given address
      pair.  This might be signalled to the source when it receives a
      SYN-ACK from the destination RLOC.  As pointed out in



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      [I-D.ietf-shim6-failure-detection], this is similar to how IPv6
      Neighbor Unreachability Detection can be avoided when upper layers
      provide information about bidirectional connectivity [RFC4861].

      If an implementation has access to higher layer protocols (e.g.,
      BGP), it might get a hint as to the reachability of a given
      locator.  In the case of BGP, an implementation might conclude
      that the locator is reachable if there is a covering prefix in the
      BGP Routing Information Base (RIB).  Again, this is a hint,
      because the correspondent host may be down.

   Timeouts:  An implementation may be able to deduce some forms of
      Unreachability from timeouts of other protocols.For example, TCP
      to indicate that there is a lack of connectivity because it is not
      getting ACKs (of course, the signal is overloaded: there may be
      congestion).

   ICMP Messages:  While ICMP is an available signalling protocol, due
      to its lack of security (in particular, ease of spoofing
      [I-D.ietf-tcpm-icmp-attacks]) and the fact that common policy is
      to block or rate limited ICMP, its utility has been somewhat
      marginalized (see Section 3.3).  As such, ICMP may perhaps be used
      as a hint but beyond that, an implementation can not rely on ICMP
      as a signalling mechanism.

   QQQ: Again, when do I know a locator is up?  If I probe and the
   response is positive, does that mean its up (i.e., it can go down in
   the interim, so what is the time granularity, and what effect does
   that have on efficiency?

   In general, depending on end-to-end liveness indications is
   applicable to only to host-based solutions (e.g.,
   [I-D.ietf-shim6-proto]).  A network-based implementation may rely on
   higher layer protocols to indicate liveness (for example, an
   implementation may be able deduce a limited form of reachability from
   the existence of a BGP route covering the destination RLOC), but
   these too can only be used as hints.  In the general case, however,
   an architecture that implements Loc/ID split (either host-based or
   network-based) will need to test Locator Path Liveness in the data
   plane

3.3.  Security Issues

   Mere inspection of insecure traffic may lead to false negative
   detection due to the insertion of malicious traffic.  For instance,
   packets that masquerade as coming from a site may tamper with the
   loc-reach-bits, making the site locators look unreachable where in
   fact they are reachable [LISP].



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   ICMP Messages:  ICMP messages are are easily spoofable
      [I-D.ietf-tcpm-icmp-attacks], so may be exploited to provide false
      negatives.  However, they are also rate limited and often outright
      disabled, leaving a site sending data to a remote RLOC under the
      impression that the RLOC is reachable (as a false positive side
      effect).

   Existance of the Locator in the BGP RIB:  This vulnerability is
      shared by non-Loc/ID split architectures (need reference to
      Pakistani-youtube example as a way compromised routing can break
      path liveness).

   Aside from the ability to mislead a poorly implemented probing
   mechanism with data spoofing, probing creates a fundamentally
   unscalable relationship between site pairs (see Section 3.1).  This
   leads to both implicit (unscalable) and explicit (vulnerable to probe
   floods) Denial of Service vulnerability in the systems receiving
   probe requests.

   Finally, note that in the case of network-based Loc/ID split
   architectures, the RLOCs of border elements represent reachability on
   behalf of entire site.  As a result, failure to detect path liveness
   can disrupt connectivity to the entire site.  On the other hand, in
   host-based LIS, only individual hosts are compromised.


4.  Site-Based State Synchronization

   The Site-Based State Synchronization problem is specific to network-
   based Loc/ID split architectures.  There are two kinds of state
   synchronization that might need to be performed: mapping state
   synchronization and locator liveness synchronization.

   The Site-Based State Synchronization problem can most easily be
   demonstrated by a simple example.  Consider the following case: A
   site has two ITRs; one ITR is on the active path and the other ITR is
   on a backup path.  In this case, all traffic egressing from the site
   traverses the ITR on the active path, and as a result that ITR is
   caching the mapping state for all of the active flows.  The ITR on
   the backup path has no mapping state.  Now, when the ITR on the
   active path fails, traffic is naturally shifted to the ITR on the
   backup path.  If the now active ITR hasn't synchronized its state
   with the previously active ITR(s), then the newly active ITR has to
   reconstruct the mapping state for the flows that were traversing the
   failed ITR.  In particular, the failure, which is local to the site,
   requires the now active ITR to go off-site to reconstruct the state.





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Internet-Draft          Loc/ID Split Implications          December 2008


4.1.  Complexity

   TBD


5.  Conclusions

   Architectures that implement Locator/ID Separation (either host or
   network based) need to carefully evaluate the complexity inherent in
   determining Locator Path Liveness.  The complexity of mapping state
   synchronization is an additional concern for network-based
   architectures.


6.  Acknowledgments

   Scott Brim, Noel Chiappa, John Day, Dino Farinacci, Vince Fuller,
   Mike O'Dell, Andrew Partan, and John Zwiebel provided insightful
   comments on early versions of this document.


7.  IANA Considersations

   This document creates no new requirements on IANA namespaces
   [RFC2434].


8.  References

8.1.  Normative References

   [Chiappa99]
              Chiappa, N., "Endpoints and Endpoint Names: A Proposed
              Enhancement to the Internet Architecture", xxx 1999.

   [EFIT]     Massey, D., "A Proposal for Scalable Internet Routing &
              Addressing", Feb 2007.

   [Fuller06]
              Fuller, V., "Scaling issues with ipv6 routing+
              multihoming", Oct 2006.

   [I-D.fuller-lisp-alt]
              Farinacci, D., "LISP Alternative Topology (LISP+ALT)",
              draft-fuller-lisp-alt-02 (work in progress), April 2008.

   [I-D.ietf-shim6-failure-detection]
              Arkko, J. and I. Beijnum, "Failure Detection and Locator



Meyer & Lewis             Expires June 22, 2009                [Page 11]

Internet-Draft          Loc/ID Split Implications          December 2008


              Pair Exploration Protocol for IPv6  Multihoming",
              draft-ietf-shim6-failure-detection-13 (work in progress),
              June 2008.

   [I-D.ietf-shim6-proto]
              Nordmark, E. and M. Bagnulo, "Shim6: Level 3 Multihoming
              Shim Protocol for IPv6", draft-ietf-shim6-proto-10 (work
              in progress), February 2008.

   [I-D.ietf-tcpm-icmp-attacks]
              Gont, F., "ICMP attacks against TCP",
              draft-ietf-tcpm-icmp-attacks-03 (work in progress),
              March 2008.

   [I-D.jen-apt]
              Jen, D., Meisel, M., Massey, D., Wang, L., Zhang, B., and
              L. Zhang, "APT: A Practical Transit Mapping Service",
              draft-jen-apt-01 (work in progress), November 2007.

   [I-D.lear-lisp-nerd]
              Lear, E., "NERD: A Not-so-novel EID to RLOC Database",
              draft-lear-lisp-nerd-04 (work in progress), April 2008.

   [LISP]     Farinacci, D., Fuller, V., Oran, D., and D. Meyer,
              "Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP)",
              draft-farinacci-lisp-10 (work in progress), Oct 2008.

   [ODell08]  Odell, M., "GSE - An Alternate Addressing Architecture for
              IPv6 (Private Communication)", Dec 2008.

   [ODell97]  Odell, M., "GSE - An Alternate Addressing Architecture for
              IPv6", Oct 2006.

   [RFC1498]  Saltzer, J., "On the Naming and Binding of Network
              Destinations", RFC 1498, August 1993.

   [RFC2434]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434,
              October 1998.

   [RFC4423]  Moskowitz, R. and P. Nikander, "Host Identity Protocol
              (HIP) Architecture", RFC 4423, May 2006.

   [RFC4861]  Narten, T., Nordmark, E., Simpson, W., and H. Soliman,
              "Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 4861,
              September 2007.

   [RFC4984]  Meyer, D., Zhang, L., and K. Fall, "Report from the IAB



Meyer & Lewis             Expires June 22, 2009                [Page 12]

Internet-Draft          Loc/ID Split Implications          December 2008


              Workshop on Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984,
              September 2007.

   [Zhang06]  Zhang, L., "An Overview of Multihoming and Open Issues in
              GSE", Sept 2006.

8.2.  Informative References


Authors' Addresses

   David Meyer
   Cisco

   Email: dmm@1-4-5.net


   Darrel Lewis
   Cisco

   Email: darlewis@cisco.com






























Meyer & Lewis             Expires June 22, 2009                [Page 13]

Internet-Draft          Loc/ID Split Implications          December 2008


Full Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008).

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   contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
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Intellectual Property

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   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
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Date: Sun, 11 Jan 2009 22:39:29 +0100
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Dave,
> 
> 	There are several ongoing threads on the contents of the
> 	included draft and what its implications are for the
> 	various locator/id separation approaches. I wanted to
> 	move the discussion to a more public forum. Please chime
> 	in with your thoughts/comment.

The draft asks important questions. Finding an answer to these questions
will be key for a widespread deployment of solutions such as LISP.

Concerning the discussion on host-based probing, you might be interested
by the simulation studies and measurement studies made with REAP for
shim6, see e.g.

A. de la Oliva, M. Bagnulo, A. Garcia-Martinez, I. Soto, Performance
Analysis of the REAchability Protocol for IPv6 Multihoming, Conference
on Next Generation Teletraffic and Wired/Wireless Advanced Networking
(NEW2AN 2007), September 2007
http://www.shim6.org/47120443.pdf

S. Barre, O. Bonaventure, Improved Path Exploration in shim6-based
multihoming, SIGCOMM 2007 Workshop, IPv6 and the Future of the Internet,
August 2007
http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/publications/improved-path-exploration-shim6-based

There is an implementation of REAP running on the Linux kernel if
someone wants to perform more experiments with REAP, see
http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/softwares/linshim6

Best regards,


Olivier


-- 
http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be , UCLouvain, Belgium
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On Sun, Jan 11, 2009 at 10:39:29PM +0100, Olivier Bonaventure wrote:
> Dave,
> >=20
> > 	There are several ongoing threads on the contents of the
> > 	included draft and what its implications are for the
> > 	various locator/id separation approaches. I wanted to
> > 	move the discussion to a more public forum. Please chime
> > 	in with your thoughts/comment.
>=20
> The draft asks important questions. Finding an answer to these questions
> will be key for a widespread deployment of solutions such as LISP.
>=20
> Concerning the discussion on host-based probing, you might be interested
> by the simulation studies and measurement studies made with REAP for
> shim6, see e.g.
>=20
> A. de la Oliva, M. Bagnulo, A. Garcia-Martinez, I. Soto, Performance
> Analysis of the REAchability Protocol for IPv6 Multihoming, Conference
> on Next Generation Teletraffic and Wired/Wireless Advanced Networking
> (NEW2AN 2007), September 2007
> http://www.shim6.org/47120443.pdf
>=20
> S. Barre, O. Bonaventure, Improved Path Exploration in shim6-based
> multihoming, SIGCOMM 2007 Workshop, IPv6 and the Future of the Internet,
> August 2007
> http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/publications/improved-path-exploration-shim6-ba=
sed
>=20
> There is an implementation of REAP running on the Linux kernel if
> someone wants to perform more experiments with REAP, see
> http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/softwares/linshim6
>=20

	Thanks Olivier. I did a "lite" literature search for the
	draft, and this is very helpful.

	Dave

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> subset of interested parties. Somebody (Dave Meyer??) requested that

	Guilty :-)

	But seriously, thanks Eric.


	Dave

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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
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Excerpts from Fleischman, Eric on Thu, Jan 15, 2009 10:42:12AM -0800:
> 5) In RLOC/EID separation systems like HIP, the RLOC and EID each occurs
> on different layers of the protocol stack. Therefore, attempting to get
> IP routing, which works on the IP layer (i.e., RLOC layer) to be aware
> of multi-homing, which occurs on the EID layer (i.e., the session layer
> within HIP), is a protocol layer violation.

Nor should it.  IP routing itself should deal with finding paths to
destinations (and forwarding should deal with forwarding individual
packets).  Determining that that sending to either of two apparently
different destinations gets the packet to the same higher layer entity
has nothing to do with routing.

> 6) IP routing is not equipped to natively be able to do multi-homing
> and attempts to enhance it to do so further complicate the RLOC-EID
> confusion and actively harm the Internet. Attempting to enhance
> routers to handle multi-homing inherently violates the loc/ID split
> concept. The desired distinction between EID and RLOC needlessly
> becomes replaced by mutual dependencies between the two concepts. By
> adding EID dependencies to RLOC, there cannot be "better aggregation
> in the RLOC space" because no RLOC space can exist. Rather, that
> space potentially becomes EID*RLOC space, which probably represents
> significantly worse aggregation than the historic IP routing system.

However, map-and-encap adds a new control and OAM relationship,
between the "funnel" ingress and egress points.  These are beyond the
knowledge or control of endpoints, yet they promise to deliver
packets, therefore they have a responsibility to find and use viable
paths.  They are not _just_ routers at this point.  They are also
endpoints in their own right.  They are doing more than discovering
paths and forwarding packets.  Since _sites_ have multiple ingress
points, multihoming applies here too, they have a responsibility to
handle multihoming just as endpoint stacks do.  Even if the session
endpoints are already taking care of multihoming themselves, they are
only capable of doing so over the choices that are given to them by
the "funnel" endpoints.  I don't think you can say the endpoints
should take care of everything -- they can't.  Anymore than the
endpoints take care of everything when running over any underlying
switched network.

But the "funnel" endpoints do not know enough about what the session
endpoints want or need -- is the endpoint already taking care of
multipathing?  Does it require session continuity and thus must have
backup paths lined up at all times?  And so on.  Therefore the funnel
endpoints overdo their responsibility.

It's clear that pure endpoint-based multipathing, =E0 la Shim6 REAP,
cannot scale.  Putting path failure detection and recovery in ITRs
instead of in the endpoints can greatly reduce the number of messages
flying around, but a simple approach there doesn't scale either, and
without information they don't have much choice.  =


One thing we could do is to couple them.  The endpoint could
periodically tell "the network" what it needs, so the network only
needs to do just enough.  =


Another thing we can do is cut back on our requirements, at least for
a while.

> 7) The RLOC-EID split concept therefore means that multihoming needs to
> be solved at a layer above the IP layer that can naturally see the EID.
> Attempts to simultaneously achieve a Loc/Id split and have routing doing
> multihoming are vectors that internally war with each other. The net
> result are the types of problems identified in
> draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt, problems that cannot occur if
> the RLOC-EID distinction is done properly (i.e., RLOC and EID at
> different layers of the protocol stack).
> =

> 8) When RLOC-EID is done properly (e.g., like HIP where each concept
> appears on a different layer of the protocol stack), there is no
> liveness problem (nor can there be one). Rather, the "liveness problem"
> described in draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is a generic problem
> of map-and-encaps systems, not of RLOC-EID. The title and text of
> draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is therefore inappropriately
> scoped as being caused by RLOC-EID when it is rather a common attribute
> of map-and-encaps. Note that LISP is a map-and-encaps system.

I don't see it.  HIP properly removes dependency on location-based
names from identification functions, but it does nothing to solve the
multipath problem.  You still need to find viable paths, ascertain
that multiple locators refer to the same entity (difficult when one or
both are moving -- rendezvous servers may be required, tsk), detect
path failure and switch to another one.  The same is true for Shim6,
or Trilogy multipathing ... or anything where you have the chance of
using multiple paths.  A simple host in a simple PI-based AS can't,
and therefore doesn't have a problem to solve.  Adding HIP in fact
makes the problem possible.

> 9) It is useful to discuss both map-and-encaps and multihoming from the
> insights contained within Fred Templin's VET/RANGER/SEAL I-D trilogy.
> This trilogy discusses scalable map-and-encaps systems and indicates how
> to resolve the liveness problem for those systems. It also provides an
> important context for describing multihoming because it identifies the
> recursive nature of the "enterprise" concept. Without leveraging the
> insights of this trilogy, multihoming may appear to mean different
> things in different contexts: Autonomous systems can be multihomed.
> Mobile platforms can be multihomed. Hosts can be multihomed. Etc. These
> different environments are recursive instances to different sized
> "enterprise" entities. Failing to realize this complicates discussions
> about multi-homing.

I'm partway through them.  Sorry for not being able to respond about
this part.

Scott
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Excerpts from Pekka Nikander on Thu, Jan 15, 2009 10:37:16PM +0200:
>> It's clear that pure endpoint-based multipathing, a la Shim6 REAP,
>> cannot scale.
>
> Would you please be more specific.  It is not at all clear to me.
> AFAIK, SCTP is doing essentially the same thing.  (I can see the
> signalling load there, causing potential packet storms; is that the
> "scalability" problem you are referring to?)

I should have done the math first but ... Let's assume,
conservatively, on the order of ten billion communicating endpoint
pairs and 2 locators per endpoint.  How often do you test locator
pairs that you are not using?  Let's be very conservative and assume
once per minute (endpoints can get away with this low level).  Even
so, that's an extra 2^10 packets per minute across the core ... when
things are going perfectly, just for steady state maintenance.  I
can't characterize what percentage of traffic that is, because, for
example, there may be plenty of HTTP sessions that are idle but being
kept open.  We could reduce that maintenance overhead.  Then we add in
what happens when there is a network problem.  I suspect that because
there are active sessions and data is flowing, you would try all
alternative paths at once, with fast probes and duplicate data
packets.  I really don't know what would happen, but I'm awed at the
thought.

>> Putting path failure detection and recovery in ITRs instead of in
>> the endpoints can greatly reduce the number of messages flying
>> around, but a simple approach there doesn't scale either, and
>> without information they don't have much choice.
>
> AFAICS, the fundamental problem here is that the network today (BGP)
> cannot detect failures at the desired speed, leading to the
> situation  where the hosts (or your funnel points) need to overcome
> the deficiency.

Suppose I am at locators A and B, you are talking to me at locator A
and A becomes unreachable.  Regardless of how fast routing detects
that, you (an endpoint) are going to need to detect it yourself,
verify that B is reachable, and switch to B, so you need your own
fault detection and recovery protocol.

>>> 8) When RLOC-EID is done properly (e.g., like HIP where each
>>> concept appears on a different layer of the protocol stack), there
>>> is no liveness problem (nor can there be one).
>>
>> I don't see it.  HIP properly removes dependency on location-based
>> names from identification functions, but it does nothing to solve
>> the multipath problem.  You still need to find viable paths,
>> ascertain that multiple locators refer to the same entity
>> (difficult when one or both are moving -- rendezvous servers may be
>> required, tsk), detect path failure and switch to another one.
>
> I mostly agree.  In the HIP WG, years ago the decision was to leave
> the problem of path failure detection to the SHIM6 WG, with the
> intention to integrate REAP to HIP.  However, with HIP (even LHIP)
> verifying that the locators refer to the same entity is relatively
> easy, as long as at least one of the parties retains at least one
> stable locator.  Rendezvous servers are a nice way to introduce
> stable locator to an otherwise dynamic system...  And then, under
> those assumptions, finding paths and switching over is relatively
> easy.  Works very well in practise.  We've multiple times tested it
> with both proxies and individual hosts, using 2-3 different radio
> interfaces at each mobile host/proxy, and moving at typical vehicle
> speeds in difficult terrain.  But I digress.

That's not a digression, that's real evidence :-).  My concern is not
that "finding paths and switching over is relatively easy", but what
happens when everyone does it.

Scott
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Excerpts from marcelo bagnulo braun on Thu, Jan 15, 2009 10:19:28PM +0100:
> Scott Brim escribi=F3:
>> Excerpts from Pekka Nikander on Thu, Jan 15, 2009 10:37:16PM +0200:
>>   =

>>>> It's clear that pure endpoint-based multipathing, a la Shim6 REAP,
>>>> cannot scale.
>>>>       =

>>> Would you please be more specific.  It is not at all clear to me.
>>> AFAIK, SCTP is doing essentially the same thing.  (I can see the
>>> signalling load there, causing potential packet storms; is that the
>>> "scalability" problem you are referring to?)
>>>     =

>>
>> I should have done the math first but ... Let's assume,
>> conservatively, on the order of ten billion communicating endpoint
>> pairs and 2 locators per endpoint.  How often do you test locator
>> pairs that you are not using?  =

> what do you mean by a "locator pairs that you are not using"?
>
> You mean a locator pair that is not the one that is the current locator  =

> pair, or do you mean the current locator pair, but that you don't have  =

> data packets to send in this moment?
> regards, marcelo

If one end has locators A and B, and the other end has C and D ...
then unless you are multipathing you will use a single pair, e.g. A-C,
while A-D and B-C are not being used, just checked for liveness in
case a need arises.

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----- Forwarded message from Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com=
> -----

> From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
> To: "Fleischman, Eric" <eric.fleischman@boeing.com>
> Cc: rrg@irtf.org
> Subject: Re: [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
> Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2009 08:36:16 +1300
>=20
> Eric,
>=20
> (cross-post to lisp dropped)
>=20
> On 2009-01-16 07:42, Fleischman, Eric wrote:
> ...
> > 8) When RLOC-EID is done properly (e.g., like HIP where each concept
> > appears on a different layer of the protocol stack), there is no
> > liveness problem (nor can there be one). Rather, the "liveness problem"
> > described in draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is a generic problem
> > of map-and-encaps systems, not of RLOC-EID. The title and text of
> > draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is therefore inappropriately
> > scoped as being caused by RLOC-EID when it is rather a common attribute
> > of map-and-encaps. Note that LISP is a map-and-encaps system.
>=20
> I've said from day one that LISP's use of the term 'EID' is incorrect,
> and it should be replaced by something like 'local locator' or
> 'level 0 locator' or some such. So a more positive spin on your
> subject line is 'Liveness requirement in multi-locator architectures'.
> Which is of course something that has been discovered many times
> and is very widely implemented in robust distributed systems.
>=20
> Another positive spin is 'Mapping requirement in ID/Loc split concept'.
>=20
>    Brian
> _______________________________________________
> rrg mailing list
> rrg@irtf.org
> http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg

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----- Forwarded message from Scott Brim <swb@employees.org> -----

> From: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>
> To: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
> Cc: rrg@irtf.org
> Subject: Re: [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
> Date: Thu, 15 Jan 2009 14:46:15 -0500
> Mail-Followup-To: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>,
> 	Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>,
> 	"Fleischman, Eric" <eric.fleischman@boeing.com>, rrg@irtf.org
>=20
> Excerpts from Brian E Carpenter on Fri, Jan 16, 2009 08:36:16AM +1300:
> > On 2009-01-16 07:42, Fleischman, Eric wrote: ...
> > > 8) When RLOC-EID is done properly (e.g., like HIP where each
> > > concept appears on a different layer of the protocol stack), there
> > > is no liveness problem (nor can there be one). Rather, the
> > > "liveness problem" described in
> > > draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is a generic problem of
> > > map-and-encaps systems, not of RLOC-EID. The title and text of
> > > draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is therefore
> > > inappropriately scoped as being caused by RLOC-EID when it is
> > > rather a common attribute of map-and-encaps. Note that LISP is a
> > > map-and-encaps system.
> >=20
> > I've said from day one that LISP's use of the term 'EID' is
> > incorrect, and it should be replaced by something like 'local
> > locator' or 'level 0 locator' or some such. So a more positive spin
> > on your subject line is 'Liveness requirement in multi-locator
> > architectures'.  Which is of course something that has been
> > discovered many times and is very widely implemented in robust
> > distributed systems.
>=20
> Identifier/locator separation makes the problem possible, and it can
> make it possible at any point in the network.  At any point we can
> have a separation of=20
>=20
>   - a name the packets are trying to get to
>   - a name for a point in the network via which they can be delivered
>=20
> and the problems are similar in all cases, whether you use
> "identifier" and "locator" to name the things or not.
>=20
> > Another positive spin is 'Mapping requirement in ID/Loc split
> > concept'.
>=20
> Mapping is just part of the problem.  You can map to all possible
> paths, but you have to establish a session in the face of all the
> choices, and track and recover from failures.
>=20
> Scott
> _______________________________________________
> rrg mailing list
> rrg@irtf.org
> http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg

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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
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I am responding to Eric Fleishman and Scott Brim, regarding:

  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00

My previous RRG message explains the following taxonomy:

  Elimination (genuine, host-based, ID/Loc split):
     HIP, Six/One, SHIM6 and ILNP.


  Separation (network based ITRs and ETRs using a mapping system -
  with no host involvement in multihoming.  Arguably not a true
  ID/Loc Split arrangement):
     Map-Encap:
       LISP, APT, TRRP and Ivip using encapsulation.

     Map-Forward:
       Ivip's two Forwarding modes. (Modified IP headers
       and DFZ routers.)

     Map-Rewrite:
       Six/One Router.


Eric wrote:

> the "liveness problem" described in
> draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is a generic problem
> of map-and-encaps systems, not of RLOC-EID. The title and text of
> draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is therefore inappropriately
> scoped as being caused by RLOC-EID when it is rather a common
> attribute of map-and-encaps. Note that LISP is a map-and-encaps
> system.

I disagree that the objectionable scaling problems which are the main
concern in the "locator liveness problem" are inherent in map-encap
systems.

Ivip in both its map-encap and its (modified IP header) forwarding
modes does not have this scaling problem because the ITRs are not
responsible for deciding which LOC address to tunnel the traffic
packets to.

In Ivip, the mapping information for each micronet (roughly
equivalent to a LISP EID prefix) consists of a single LOC address -
the address of the ETR by which the destination network can currently
be reached.

The destination multihomed end-user network is responsible for
probing the reachability of their network via its two or more ETRs -
and for changing the mapping of their micronets in real-time so that
when the current ETR becomes unreachable, all ITRs will use another
ETR address instead.

Therefore, there is no scaling problem with thousands or hundreds of
thousands or whatever ITRs all simultaneously trying to test
reachability to the two or ETRs of this destination multihomed
end-user network.

The formal definition of the problem from the I-D is:

     Given a set of source locators and a set of destination
     locators, can bidirectional connectivity be determined between
     the <source locator,destination locator> address pairs?


(Strictly speaking, it is not necessarily to determine a single path
 for bidirectional communication.  For instance, it is OK for packets
 to flow like this, if the connectivity permits:

  CEA -> ITR1 -> ETR3 -> CEB
  CEA <- ETR2 <- ITR4 <- CEB )


Here is a diagram relevant to Core-Edge Separation schemes, depicting
two hosts, in separate multihomed end-user networks NA and NB, each
with two upstream ISPs:

                        ~~~~~~~~~~~
   NA           ISP1   ~           ~   ISP3         NB
            PE1      BR1---     ---BR3     PE3
 ........  /    ITR1   ~\         /~   ITR3   \  ........
 .      . /     ETR1   ~ \       / ~   ETR3    \ .      .
 . HA---CEA            ~    DFZ    ~           CEB---HB .
 .      . \            ~ /       \ ~           / .      .
 ........  \   ISP2    ~/         \~   ISP4   /  ........
            PE2      BR2---     ---BR4      PE4
               ITR2    ~           ~   ITR4
               ETR2     ~~~~~~~~~~~    ETR4

(Fig 1)

If the packet flow is NA --> NB, then CEA could send the packet to
either upstream ISP.  So for LISP etc. (not Ivip) either of both ITR1
and ITR2 need to continually check reachability to both ETR3 and ETR4
- or rather that firstly whether ETR3 and ETR4 can be reached and
secondly, that each ETR can reach the Customer Edge router of NB: CEB.

In practice, if CEA only sends packets addressed to HB out via the
ISP1 link then ITR2 never sees them, does not get mapping for HB's
EID prefix, and does not have to keep checking reachability to the
ETR addresses (LOCs) listed in the mapping.


Ivip's real-time mapping gives all the involved ITRs (ITR1 and/or
ITR2 in the above HA -> HB example) the information they need to be
able to tunnel packets to an ETR by which HB can be reached.  So Ivip
ITRs do no reachability checking.


Neither LISP etc. nor Ivip solve the problem of telling CEA which
upstream link to send packets from.  The CEA router needs to do its
own reachability testing to its two upstream ISPs, and ideally would
also determine whether each ISP was functioning in terms of
forwarding packets correctly to all destinations.


The real "locator liveness" problem is a scaling problem.  It occurs
in LISP etc. when there are host in thousands or hundreds of
thousands of networks such as NA sending packets to NB.  Since each
such sending host network will have one, two or more ITRs, the
scaling problem is the vast number of ITRs which need to be
continually probing reachability to both ETR3 and ETR4.

Ivip has no such problem because, irrespective of how many ITRs are
sending packets to the micronet in which HB is located, the
reachability testing is done by whatever purpose-built system the NB
uses.  The most likely arrangement is for NB to contract the services
of a company which specialises in this reachability testing, from
multiple locations in the DFZ.  The typical arrangement would be for
NB to give that company the credentials it needs to change the
mapping of NB's micronets in order to spread incoming load over NB's
upstream links, and to restore connectivity if an ISP or a link to
and ISP, fails.  This way, the mapping is changed quickly without any
reliance on NB's network being reachable at all.

Of course, NB could use one or more such reachability testing
companies and use the results in its own servers to make the final
mapping decisions.  Placing those servers in its own network would be
tricky, since they need to function reliably at times of partial
network failure.  It would be better to rely on the distributed,
highly robust, purpose built system of a company which specialises in
reachability testing.


Scott wrote:

> It's clear that pure endpoint-based multipathing, =E0 la Shim6 REAP,
> cannot scale.

Yes, for SHIM6, HIP, ILNP or whatever elimination scheme it is, the
problem is likely to be worse than depicted above using ITRs and ETRs.

With the above example, there could be 100 hosts in NA sending
packets to one or more hosts in NB, and there would be no extra
burden of probing traffic etc. - since the same number of ITRs (ITR1
and/or ITR2) are involved.

With HIP, or any other host-based Elimination scheme, the diagram
looks like this:


                        ~~~~~~~~~~~
   NA           ISP1   ~           ~   ISP3         NB
            PE1      BR1---     ---BR3     PE3
 ........  /           ~\         /~          \  ........
 .      . /            ~ \       / ~           \ .      .
 . HA---CEA            ~    DFZ    ~           CEB---HB .
 .      . \            ~ /       \ ~           / .      .
 ........  \   ISP2    ~/         \~   ISP4   /  ........
            PE2      BR2---     ---BR4      PE4
                       ~           ~
                        ~~~~~~~~~~~

  HA's addresses:                         HB's addresses:

    wwww (from ISP1)                      yyyy (from ISP3)
    xxxx (from ISP2)                      zzzz (from ISP4)

(Fig 2)

HA needs to probe reachability in these paths:

   wwww -> yyyy (presumably, with confirmation packets coming
                 back via xxxx <- yyyy)
   wwww -> zzzz (ditto wwww <- zzzz)

   xxxx -> yyyy (ditto xxxx <- yyyy)
   xxxx -> zzzz (ditto xxxx <- zzzz)

This exact situation is comparable to that depicted in Fig 1.  The
number of probes is roughly the same and the burden they place on the
DFZ is about the same.  The probing is more thorough, because it
tests complete host-to-host reachability, thereby picking up any
problems between each host and its CE router - which are not picked
up in LISP etc. or typically by the systems which would be used by Ivip.

There are at least two reasons why the "locator liveness" problem is
worse for HIP, ILNP etc. (any host-based Elimination scheme) compared
to LISP etc. (any Separation scheme in which the mapping lists
multiple ETR addresses and requires each ITR to test reachability to
them):

1 - The probe traffic goes all the way to and from the hosts.
    This is a major burden on any host on an expensive, slow and/or
    congested link - as is typically the case with any physically
    mobile device using one or more wireless links.

2 - There is an additional scaling factor in comparison to Fig 1
    when there are multiple hosts in each end-user network.

    For LISP etc. those additional hosts do not cause any burden
    on the probing effort.

    For HIP etc. the load multiplied directly with the number of
    hosts.

Point 1 is one of the aspects of my critique:

  Fundamental objections to a host-based scalable routing solution
  http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2008-November/000233.html

and HIP, with all its cryptography, host-to-host handshaking before
any user traffic can proceed etc. exemplifies my other critiques
about delaying communications and burdening all hosts with excessive
protocol and computational complexity.

Point 2, I think, is what Scott is referring to regarding REAP not
scaling.

> Putting path failure detection and recovery in ITRs instead of in
> the endpoints can greatly reduce the number of messages flying
> around,

Yes, as illustrated above, for multiple sending hosts in one end-user
network.

> but a simple approach there doesn't scale either,

Yes: LISP, APT, TRRP and Six/One Router - or any scheme where the
ITRs are given non-real-time mapping and so need to continually find
out for themselves, independently, which ETRs are reachable.

> and without information they don't have much choice.

Ivip gives the ITRs the information in real-time - so the ITR has no
such choices to make.


> One thing we could do is to couple them.  The endpoint could
> periodically tell "the network" what it needs, so the network only
> needs to do just enough.

More and more complexity . . .

> Another thing we can do is cut back on our requirements, at least
> for a while.

I don't see how, other than by making LISP into something less robust
than it is intended to be.  No-one would want to invest in a system
which provides multihoming "sometimes".

Scott also criticised HIP's reliance on rendezvous servers to cope
with the messy situation of both hosts trying to retain consistent
communications at the HIT level when their underlying LOC addresses
are in flux, as will often be the case in the future as more and more
mobile devices are used.

> rendezvous servers may be required, tsk

"tsk" seems rather reserved.  How about:

  More and more complexity and management traffic . . . Arrrggg!!!!


 - Robin

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Coworkers,

In response to the draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt I-D, I sent
private observations to the authors of that I-D together with a small
subset of interested parties. Somebody (Dave Meyer??) requested that
this private dialog should rather be moved to this email list for
participation of the larger community. Towards that end, I would like to
summarize the view from my knothole about the RLOC/EID split issue to
this list:

1) Routing systems using RLOCs naturally reference RLOCs for routing
aggregation. Every network system that I have worked with except for IP
(e.g., OSI, SNA, BSC, XNS, etc.) instead does routing on EIDs. These
latter systems do not recognize RLOCs.

2) In historic IP, IP addresses became semantically overloaded with both
RLOC and EID semantics. I surmise that the IP designers originally
thought they were doing EIDs like every other protocol then existing but
they actually invented RLOCs, without recognizing the implications of
the difference. Regardless, both semantic concepts became located within
the IP layer. In practice this meant that EIDs were not operative for IP
routing at all: EID is usually NULL for traditional IP routing; EID
primarily semantically appears for protocols operating above the IP
layer, causing cross-layer protocol dependencies in such systems. 

3) IP combined the RLOC and EID concepts into a single system that
lacked the ability to disambiguate between them. Consequently, some
systems (e.g., routing) presumed that they were talking with an RLOC and
other systems presumed that they were talking with an EID. The IP system
didn't provide any assurance that either reference or presumption was
actually the case (e.g., anycast). This became known as the "IP identity
problem", which is a fundamental and pervasive security flaw within IP
systems that is solved by the RLOC/EID split concept (e.g., HIP). Within
historic IP we either locate something without identifying it or else we
identify it without locating it. This provides the foundation for
"Rekhter's Law". That we cannot authoritatively know which reference is
operative provides the foundation for the "IP identity problem".

4) Multihoming is an EID concept. EID-based routing systems naturally
and transparently support multihoming. RLOC-based routing systems cannot
naturally support multihoming because they lack the information to be
able to naturally recognize the occurrence of multihoming.

5) In RLOC/EID separation systems like HIP, the RLOC and EID each occurs
on different layers of the protocol stack. Therefore, attempting to get
IP routing, which works on the IP layer (i.e., RLOC layer) to be aware
of multi-homing, which occurs on the EID layer (i.e., the session layer
within HIP), is a protocol layer violation.

6) IP routing is not equipped to natively be able to do multi-homing and
attempts to enhance it to do so further complicate the RLOC-EID
confusion and actively harm the Internet. Attempting to enhance routers
to handle multi-homing inherently violates the loc/ID split concept. The
desired distinction between EID and RLOC needlessly becomes replaced by
mutual dependencies between the two concepts. By adding EID dependencies
to RLOC, there cannot be "better aggregation in the RLOC space" because
no RLOC space can exist. Rather, that space potentially becomes EID*RLOC
space, which probably represents significantly worse aggregation than
the historic IP routing system.

7) The RLOC-EID split concept therefore means that multihoming needs to
be solved at a layer above the IP layer that can naturally see the EID.
Attempts to simultaneously achieve a Loc/Id split and have routing doing
multihoming are vectors that internally war with each other. The net
result are the types of problems identified in
draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt, problems that cannot occur if
the RLOC-EID distinction is done properly (i.e., RLOC and EID at
different layers of the protocol stack).

8) When RLOC-EID is done properly (e.g., like HIP where each concept
appears on a different layer of the protocol stack), there is no
liveness problem (nor can there be one). Rather, the "liveness problem"
described in draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is a generic problem
of map-and-encaps systems, not of RLOC-EID. The title and text of
draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is therefore inappropriately
scoped as being caused by RLOC-EID when it is rather a common attribute
of map-and-encaps. Note that LISP is a map-and-encaps system.

9) It is useful to discuss both map-and-encaps and multihoming from the
insights contained within Fred Templin's VET/RANGER/SEAL I-D trilogy.
This trilogy discusses scalable map-and-encaps systems and indicates how
to resolve the liveness problem for those systems. It also provides an
important context for describing multihoming because it identifies the
recursive nature of the "enterprise" concept. Without leveraging the
insights of this trilogy, multihoming may appear to mean different
things in different contexts: Autonomous systems can be multihomed.
Mobile platforms can be multihomed. Hosts can be multihomed. Etc. These
different environments are recursive instances to different sized
"enterprise" entities. Failing to realize this complicates discussions
about multi-homing.

--Eric


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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Fleischman, Eric" <eric.fleischman@boeing.com>, <lisp@ietf.org>
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Eric,

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Fleischman, Eric
>Sent: Thursday, January 15, 2009 10:42 AM
>To: lisp@ietf.org
>Cc: rrg@irtf.org
>Subject: [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
>
>Coworkers,
>
>In response to the draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt I-D, I sent
>private observations to the authors of that I-D together with a small
>subset of interested parties. Somebody (Dave Meyer??) requested that
>this private dialog should rather be moved to this email list for
>participation of the larger community. Towards that end, I would like
to
>summarize the view from my knothole about the RLOC/EID split issue to
>this list:
>
>1) Routing systems using RLOCs naturally reference RLOCs for routing
>aggregation. Every network system that I have worked with except for IP
>(e.g., OSI, SNA, BSC, XNS, etc.) instead does routing on EIDs. These
>latter systems do not recognize RLOCs.
>
>2) In historic IP, IP addresses became semantically overloaded with
both
>RLOC and EID semantics. I surmise that the IP designers originally
>thought they were doing EIDs like every other protocol then existing
but
>they actually invented RLOCs, without recognizing the implications of
>the difference. Regardless, both semantic concepts became located
within
>the IP layer. In practice this meant that EIDs were not operative for
IP
>routing at all: EID is usually NULL for traditional IP routing; EID
>primarily semantically appears for protocols operating above the IP
>layer, causing cross-layer protocol dependencies in such systems.
>
>3) IP combined the RLOC and EID concepts into a single system that
>lacked the ability to disambiguate between them. Consequently, some
>systems (e.g., routing) presumed that they were talking with an RLOC
and
>other systems presumed that they were talking with an EID. The IP
system
>didn't provide any assurance that either reference or presumption was
>actually the case (e.g., anycast). This became known as the "IP
identity
>problem", which is a fundamental and pervasive security flaw within IP
>systems that is solved by the RLOC/EID split concept (e.g., HIP).
Within
>historic IP we either locate something without identifying it or else
we
>identify it without locating it. This provides the foundation for
>"Rekhter's Law". That we cannot authoritatively know which reference is
>operative provides the foundation for the "IP identity problem".
>
>4) Multihoming is an EID concept. EID-based routing systems naturally
>and transparently support multihoming. RLOC-based routing systems
cannot
>naturally support multihoming because they lack the information to be
>able to naturally recognize the occurrence of multihoming.
>
>5) In RLOC/EID separation systems like HIP, the RLOC and EID each
occurs
>on different layers of the protocol stack. Therefore, attempting to get
>IP routing, which works on the IP layer (i.e., RLOC layer) to be aware
>of multi-homing, which occurs on the EID layer (i.e., the session layer
>within HIP), is a protocol layer violation.
>
>6) IP routing is not equipped to natively be able to do multi-homing
and
>attempts to enhance it to do so further complicate the RLOC-EID
>confusion and actively harm the Internet. Attempting to enhance routers
>to handle multi-homing inherently violates the loc/ID split concept.
The
>desired distinction between EID and RLOC needlessly becomes replaced by
>mutual dependencies between the two concepts. By adding EID
dependencies
>to RLOC, there cannot be "better aggregation in the RLOC space" because
>no RLOC space can exist. Rather, that space potentially becomes
EID*RLOC
>space, which probably represents significantly worse aggregation than
>the historic IP routing system.
>
>7) The RLOC-EID split concept therefore means that multihoming needs to
>be solved at a layer above the IP layer that can naturally see the EID.
>Attempts to simultaneously achieve a Loc/Id split and have routing
doing
>multihoming are vectors that internally war with each other. The net
>result are the types of problems identified in
>draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt, problems that cannot occur if
>the RLOC-EID distinction is done properly (i.e., RLOC and EID at
>different layers of the protocol stack).
>
>8) When RLOC-EID is done properly (e.g., like HIP where each concept
>appears on a different layer of the protocol stack), there is no
>liveness problem (nor can there be one). Rather, the "liveness problem"
>described in draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is a generic
problem
>of map-and-encaps systems, not of RLOC-EID. The title and text of
>draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is therefore inappropriately
>scoped as being caused by RLOC-EID when it is rather a common attribute
>of map-and-encaps. Note that LISP is a map-and-encaps system.
>
>9) It is useful to discuss both map-and-encaps and multihoming from the
>insights contained within Fred Templin's VET/RANGER/SEAL I-D trilogy.
>This trilogy discusses scalable map-and-encaps systems and indicates
how
>to resolve the liveness problem for those systems. It also provides an
>important context for describing multihoming because it identifies the
>recursive nature of the "enterprise" concept. Without leveraging the
>insights of this trilogy, multihoming may appear to mean different
>things in different contexts: Autonomous systems can be multihomed.
>Mobile platforms can be multihomed. Hosts can be multihomed. Etc. These
>different environments are recursive instances to different sized
>"enterprise" entities. Failing to realize this complicates discussions
>about multi-homing.

FWIW, this is completely consistent with the latest version of
VET that I have just posted:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-templin-autoconf-dhcp-27.txt

but I think you will find that the new version is much more
comprehensive in terms of PI addressing, site multi-homing,
ingress filtering, routing scaling suppression, MTU robustness,
locator liveness determination, etc. etc.)

Thanks - Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

>
>--Eric
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>rrg mailing list
>rrg@irtf.org
>http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg
_______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
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Scott Brim escribi=F3:
> Excerpts from Pekka Nikander on Thu, Jan 15, 2009 10:37:16PM +0200:
>   =

>>> It's clear that pure endpoint-based multipathing, a la Shim6 REAP,
>>> cannot scale.
>>>       =

>> Would you please be more specific.  It is not at all clear to me.
>> AFAIK, SCTP is doing essentially the same thing.  (I can see the
>> signalling load there, causing potential packet storms; is that the
>> "scalability" problem you are referring to?)
>>     =

>
> I should have done the math first but ... Let's assume,
> conservatively, on the order of ten billion communicating endpoint
> pairs and 2 locators per endpoint.  How often do you test locator
> pairs that you are not using?  =

what do you mean by a "locator pairs that you are not using"?

You mean a locator pair that is not the one that is the current locator =

pair, or do you mean the current locator pair, but that you don't have =

data packets to send in this moment?
regards, marcelo


> Let's be very conservative and assume
> once per minute (endpoints can get away with this low level).  Even
> so, that's an extra 2^10 packets per minute across the core ... when
> things are going perfectly, just for steady state maintenance.

>   I
> can't characterize what percentage of traffic that is, because, for
> example, there may be plenty of HTTP sessions that are idle but being
> kept open.  We could reduce that maintenance overhead.  Then we add in
> what happens when there is a network problem.  I suspect that because
> there are active sessions and data is flowing, you would try all
> alternative paths at once, with fast probes and duplicate data
> packets.  I really don't know what would happen, but I'm awed at the
> thought.
>
>   =

>>> Putting path failure detection and recovery in ITRs instead of in
>>> the endpoints can greatly reduce the number of messages flying
>>> around, but a simple approach there doesn't scale either, and
>>> without information they don't have much choice.
>>>       =

>> AFAICS, the fundamental problem here is that the network today (BGP)
>> cannot detect failures at the desired speed, leading to the
>> situation  where the hosts (or your funnel points) need to overcome
>> the deficiency.
>>     =

>
> Suppose I am at locators A and B, you are talking to me at locator A
> and A becomes unreachable.  Regardless of how fast routing detects
> that, you (an endpoint) are going to need to detect it yourself,
> verify that B is reachable, and switch to B, so you need your own
> fault detection and recovery protocol.
>
>   =

>>>> 8) When RLOC-EID is done properly (e.g., like HIP where each
>>>> concept appears on a different layer of the protocol stack), there
>>>> is no liveness problem (nor can there be one).
>>>>         =

>>> I don't see it.  HIP properly removes dependency on location-based
>>> names from identification functions, but it does nothing to solve
>>> the multipath problem.  You still need to find viable paths,
>>> ascertain that multiple locators refer to the same entity
>>> (difficult when one or both are moving -- rendezvous servers may be
>>> required, tsk), detect path failure and switch to another one.
>>>       =

>> I mostly agree.  In the HIP WG, years ago the decision was to leave
>> the problem of path failure detection to the SHIM6 WG, with the
>> intention to integrate REAP to HIP.  However, with HIP (even LHIP)
>> verifying that the locators refer to the same entity is relatively
>> easy, as long as at least one of the parties retains at least one
>> stable locator.  Rendezvous servers are a nice way to introduce
>> stable locator to an otherwise dynamic system...  And then, under
>> those assumptions, finding paths and switching over is relatively
>> easy.  Works very well in practise.  We've multiple times tested it
>> with both proxies and individual hosts, using 2-3 different radio
>> interfaces at each mobile host/proxy, and moving at typical vehicle
>> speeds in difficult terrain.  But I digress.
>>     =

>
> That's not a digression, that's real evidence :-).  My concern is not
> that "finding paths and switching over is relatively easy", but what
> happens when everyone does it.
>
> Scott
> _______________________________________________
> rrg mailing list
> rrg@irtf.org
> http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg
>
>   =


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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
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Scott,

>>Eric Fleischman wrote:
>> appears on a different layer of the protocol stack), there is no 
>> liveness problem (nor can there be one). Rather, the "liveness
problem"
>> described in draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is a generic 
>> problem of map-and-encaps systems, not of RLOC-EID. The title and
text 
>> of draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt is therefore
inappropriately 
>> scoped as being caused by RLOC-EID when it is rather a common 
>> attribute of map-and-encaps. Note that LISP is a map-and-encaps
system.

>Scott Brim wrote:
>I don't see it.  HIP properly removes dependency on location-based 
>names from identification functions, but it does nothing to solve 
>the multipath problem.  You still need to find viable paths, ascertain 
>that multiple locators refer to the same entity (difficult when one or 
>both are moving -- rendezvous servers may be required, tsk), detect
path 
>failure and switch to another one.  The same is true for Shim6, or 
>Trilogy multipathing ... or anything where you have the chance of using

>multiple paths.  A simple host in a simple PI-based AS can't, and
therefore 
>doesn't have a problem to solve.  Adding HIP in fact makes the problem
possible.

Thank you for sharing your insights. Concerning this specific insight, I
believe that what RLOC-EID split systems like HIP primarily do is to
disambiguate the semantic confusion so that routing (i.e., RLOC) issues
are local to the IP layer and EID concepts are local to the HIP session
layer. 

I fully concur with you that the IP (routing) layer is responsible to
find viable paths between RLOCs, which can be challenging in the highly
mobile environments in which I primarily focus. 

Our research has demonstrated that a key benefit of HIP in highly mobile
environments is that the HIP session layer provides a buffer that
shields the transport and application layers from network effects such
as multihoming and mobility. Our experiments have demonstrated session
persistence even within highly unstable network environments caused by
substantial MANET mobility. We have demonstrated that HIP session layers
simply need not care about underlying IP layer issues such as whether
the underlying network is using IPv4 or IPv6. We've demonstrated HIP
sessions that cleanly and transparently persisted through real-time
underlying network swaps from IPv4 to IPv6 and back.

In our private discussions I observed that because routing can only see
RLOCs and therefore can't discern the existence of multihoming,
multihoming needs to be handled at a layer that has visibility into EIDs
where it can be seen. I received strong push-back on that private list
to my suggestion that multihoming should be an optional service function
of the session layer, perhaps using an optional timer value in the
session layer to substitute a different RLOC source ID value in the
underlying local IP layer if the current RLOC hasn't received any
traffic in a given time quantum. 

I am comfortable receiving push-back on my suggestion in the previous
paragraph because this idea of mine hasn't been adequately examined.
What I am not comfortable with is any approach that attempts to solve
multi-homing at the IP layer because I believe that routing should
solely aggregate and forward packets based on RLOCs -- anything else
needlessly complicates routing and harms Internet performance and
scaling. Therefore, multihoming is not a function of the IP layer. I
realize that this belief of mine conflicts with IETF work and thought
(e.g., the domain discussed by draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt),
but this nevertheless is how I see things.

--Eric
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Scott Brim escribi=F3:
> Excerpts from marcelo bagnulo braun on Thu, Jan 15, 2009 10:19:28PM +0100:
>   =

>> Scott Brim escribi=F3:
>>     =

>>> Excerpts from Pekka Nikander on Thu, Jan 15, 2009 10:37:16PM +0200:
>>>   =

>>>       =

>>>>> It's clear that pure endpoint-based multipathing, a la Shim6 REAP,
>>>>> cannot scale.
>>>>>       =

>>>>>           =

>>>> Would you please be more specific.  It is not at all clear to me.
>>>> AFAIK, SCTP is doing essentially the same thing.  (I can see the
>>>> signalling load there, causing potential packet storms; is that the
>>>> "scalability" problem you are referring to?)
>>>>     =

>>>>         =

>>> I should have done the math first but ... Let's assume,
>>> conservatively, on the order of ten billion communicating endpoint
>>> pairs and 2 locators per endpoint.  How often do you test locator
>>> pairs that you are not using?  =

>>>       =

>> what do you mean by a "locator pairs that you are not using"?
>>
>> You mean a locator pair that is not the one that is the current locator  =

>> pair, or do you mean the current locator pair, but that you don't have  =

>> data packets to send in this moment?
>> regards, marcelo
>>     =

>
> If one end has locators A and B, and the other end has C and D ...
> then unless you are multipathing you will use a single pair, e.g. A-C,
> while A-D and B-C are not being used, just checked for liveness in
> case a need arises.
>
>
>   =

That's not how REAP works
REAP does not probes for liveness of unused paths AFAICT

Regards, marcelo

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From: "Fleischman, Eric" <eric.fleischman@boeing.com>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
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>From: Fleischman, Eric 
>In our private discussions I observed that because routing can 
>only see RLOCs and therefore can't discern the existence of 
>multihoming, multihoming needs to be handled at a layer that has 
>visibility into EIDs where it can be seen. I received strong push-back 
>on that private list to my suggestion that multihoming should be an 
>optional service function of the session layer, perhaps using an 
>optional timer value in the session layer to substitute a different 
>RLOC source ID value in the underlying local IP layer if the current 
>RLOC hasn't received any traffic in a given time quantum. 

>I am comfortable receiving push-back on my suggestion in the previous 
>paragraph because this idea of mine hasn't been adequately examined. 
>What I am not comfortable with is any approach that attempts to solve 
>multi-homing at the IP layer because I believe that routing should 
>solely aggregate and forward packets based on RLOCs -- anything else 
>needlessly complicates routing and harms Internet performance and 
>scaling. Therefore, multihoming is not a function of the IP layer. I 
>realize that this belief of mine conflicts with IETF work and thought 
>(e.g., the domain discussed by draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt),

>but this nevertheless is how I see things.

Scott Brim and I had a private discussion concerning the impact of HIP
on RLOC-EID liveness. As part of that discussion, he recommended that I
forward to the list my following additional opinion concerning the above
first paragraph:

My suggestion in my first paragraph above was a possible extension to
HIP or other EID-RLOC separation systems. HIP doesn't do liveness now in
the base HIP specs. However, the HIP community is currently considering
eventually possibly adopting two different liveness alternatives: using
SIP's ICE for NAT traversal and SHIM6's REAP for multihoming -- I
believe these proposed approaches are unacceptably resource consumptive,
which is why I made the above suggestion. Regardless, HIP doesn't do
either today but it currently does protect the transport layer and above
from having to care about multihoming or network issues. Specifically,
the session doesn't care what RLOC is used to support that session at
the IP layer -- any packet duplications will be handled at the transport
or application layer. It's simply not a problem.

My previous suggestion (above) was how to respond to the liveness
problem for HIP should the current network path fail in multihoming
environments. Currently, if the routing layer doesn't have a live path
to an RLOC supporting that EID, then the session is not receiving
packets. If the network layer is not aware of an alternative RLOC (which
is what I expect to be the norm), then it can't use that alternative
remote multihomed RLOC unless it is redirected to it by a mechanism that
is unrelated to routing tables (i.e., routers should only deal with
RLOCs). My original paragraph above suggested a way to alert the remote
peer to the existence of another RLOC supporting that EID so that it
could try that alternative path. This presumes a non-symmetric routing
blockage (i.e., not due to a blockage affecting all of a peer's
transmissions regardless). 

Regardless, I believe that the id/loc split concept presumes that the
session layer needs to handle multihoming and the IP layer need to
handle routing between RLOCs. The two concepts (RLOC, EID) need to
remain separated without becoming confused by needless dependencies.
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Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2009 09:22:26 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Subject: [lisp] FYI -- Noel on "names" [jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu: Re: [rrg]
	No	liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept]
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----- Forwarded message from Noel Chiappa <jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu> -----

> From: Noel Chiappa <jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu>
> To: rrg@irtf.org
> Cc: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu
> Subject: Re: [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
> Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2009 00:46:47 -0500 (EST)
>=20
>     > From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
>=20
>     > I've said from day one that LISP's use of the term 'EID' is incorre=
ct,
>     > and it should be replaced by something like 'local locator' or 'lev=
el 0
>     > locator' or some such.=20
>=20
> Sorry, but it's _not_ a locator, and more an 'endpoint identifier' than
> anything else - at least, as far as the original definitions of those ter=
ms
> go.
>=20
> (And might I remind people that the term "locator" came from Nimrod, and =
"EID"
> from you-know-where. So excuse me if I get a little cranky with people tr=
ying
> to tell me whether or not they are applicable to something, when I am
> perfectly darned happy with their use in that context.)
>=20
> The thing that people seem to be forgetting, in making this claim, is that
> it's also important _what kind of thing_ is being named, not just _the
> attributes of the name itself_. Those are two orthagonal axes, and people
> still don't seem to be clearly understanding/remembering that most concept
> terms being thrown around here, such as locator, EID, etc, generally invo=
lves
> a _set_ of choices, one on each axis.
>=20
> There seems to be a tendency to think 'locator' means 'name with topologi=
cal
> significance', and that's _not_ what it was defined as - it meant '_inter=
face
> name_ with topological significance'. (Actually, it was defined to be
> 'interface name with topological significance which does not appear in all
> packets', since people seemed terminally unable to wrap their minds aroun=
d the
> concept of an 'address' that didn't appear in all packets.) Similarly, an
> 'EID' is an '_endpoint_ identifier without topological significance', not=
 just
> 'name with no topological significance'.
>=20
> We don't really have a generally-accepted term for 'endpoint name with
> topological significance'; 'address' has some of that flavour, but in
> e.g. IPv4 it also 'sort of' names an interface.
>=20
>=20
> With all this in hand, it's clear that a LISP EID does _not_ name an
> interface, but rather a 'stack' - i.e. an endpoint, with a collection of =
TCP
> connections. So to say that it's a 'locator' is wholly incorrect - it is
> _exactly_ an 'endpoint name', as that term was formally defined.
>=20
> There is no one-word description/term which _exactly_ describes a LISP EI=
D;
> it's a bit of a kludge (precisely because of installed base issues). To be
> maximally precise, a LISP 'EID' is 'a globally-unique endpoint name with
> topological significance within a local scope only'.
>=20
> 	Noel
> _______________________________________________
> rrg mailing list
> rrg@irtf.org
> http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg

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Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2009 09:23:00 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Subject: [lisp] Fred Templin's response to Noel [Re: [rrg] No liveness
	requirement	in the ID/Loc Split concept]
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On Fri, Jan 16, 2009 at 09:16:11AM -0800, Templin, Fred L wrote:
> Hi Noel,
>=20
> >-----Original Message-----
> >From: Noel Chiappa [mailto:jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu]
> >Sent: Thursday, January 15, 2009 9:47 PM
> >To: rrg@irtf.org
> >Cc: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu
> >Subject: Re: [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
> >
> >
> >    > From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
> >
> >    > I've said from day one that LISP's use of the term 'EID' is
> incorrect,
> >    > and it should be replaced by something like 'local locator' or
> 'level 0
> >    > locator' or some such.
> >
> >Sorry, but it's _not_ a locator, and more an 'endpoint identifier' than
> >anything else - at least, as far as the original definitions of those
> terms
> >go.
> >
> >(And might I remind people that the term "locator" came from Nimrod,
> and "EID"
> >from you-know-where. So excuse me if I get a little cranky with people
> trying
> >to tell me whether or not they are applicable to something, when I am
> >perfectly darned happy with their use in that context.)
> >
> >The thing that people seem to be forgetting, in making this claim, is
> that
> >it's also important _what kind of thing_ is being named, not just _the
> >attributes of the name itself_. Those are two orthagonal axes, and
> people
> >still don't seem to be clearly understanding/remembering that most
> concept
> >terms being thrown around here, such as locator, EID, etc, generally
> involves
> >a _set_ of choices, one on each axis.
> >
> >There seems to be a tendency to think 'locator' means 'name with
> topological
> >significance', and that's _not_ what it was defined as - it meant
> '_interface
> >name_ with topological significance'. (Actually, it was defined to be
> >'interface name with topological significance which does not appear in
> all
> >packets', since people seemed terminally unable to wrap their minds
> around the
> >concept of an 'address' that didn't appear in all packets.) Similarly,
> an
> >'EID' is an '_endpoint_ identifier without topological significance',
> not just
> >'name with no topological significance'.
> >
> >We don't really have a generally-accepted term for 'endpoint name with
> >topological significance'; 'address' has some of that flavour, but in
> >e.g. IPv4 it also 'sort of' names an interface.
> >
> >
> >With all this in hand, it's clear that a LISP EID does _not_ name an
> >interface, but rather a 'stack' - i.e. an endpoint, with a collection
> of TCP
> >connections.
>=20
> I think that depends on where you assign the EID (using "EID"
> and "RLOC" in the LISP sense of the words for the purpose of
> this message). If you assign the EID to an interface used
> for forwarding packets to the outside world (e.g., an interface
> attached to an ethernet link, a tunnel virtual interface, etc.)
> then it names the interface in the traditional sense. If you
> instead assign the EID to an internal virtual interface (e.g.,
> a loopback interface), then in some sense it could be
> considered as naming the stack. But...
>=20
> > So to say that it's a 'locator' is wholly incorrect - it is
> >_exactly_ an 'endpoint name', as that term was formally defined.
>=20
> ...it is still a routing locator at least within a limited scope.
>=20
> LISP RLOCs are routing locators within the interdomain region,
> and LISP EIDs appear in mapping tables within the interdomain
> region. However, the EIDs are still routing locators within
> edge networks even if the "edge network" consists of a
> singleton end system.
>=20
> IMHO, there is no escaping the fact that LISP EIDs are still
> IP addresses that name interfaces, even though we have these
> "special" interfaces like loopbacks that can in some sense
> be considered as a "handle" for naming a stack.
>=20
> HIP HITs on the other hand are true endpoint identifiers
> that name end systems only, and cannot be used as routing
> locators in any scope.
>=20
> Fred
> fred.l.templin@boeing.com
> =20
> >There is no one-word description/term which _exactly_ describes a LISP
> EID;
> >it's a bit of a kludge (precisely because of installed base issues). To
> be
> >maximally precise, a LISP 'EID' is 'a globally-unique endpoint name
> with
> >topological significance within a local scope only'.
> >
> >	Noel
> >_______________________________________________
> >rrg mailing list
> >rrg@irtf.org
> >http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg
> _______________________________________________
> rrg mailing list
> rrg@irtf.org
> http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg

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From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
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    > From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)

    > a LISP EID does _not_ name an interface, but rather a 'stack' - i.e. an
    > endpoint, with a collection of TCP connections.

A private reply pointed out that a LISP EID in fact _also_ names an
interface, just like an IPv4 address. That's a consequence of the fact that a
LISP design goal was to allow unmodified hosts, so one can only change the
semantics of existing namespaces a little.


Interesting historical note: the Nimrod deployment plan:

  http://ana-3.lcs.mit.edu/~jnc/nimrod/deploy.txt

looked a lot like LISP's deployment plan - the existing IP layer was 'jacked
up' and a new layer inserted underneath; unmodified hosts were unaware that
this all was happening, and continued to emit and receive classic IPv4
packet; Nimrod agent-routers were responsible for invisibly translating the
IPv4 'addresses' in those packets into Nimrod locators, and doing the
encapsulation. Although the Nimrod deployment plan spoke of turning IPv4
'addresses' into endpoint names (EIDs, to be exact - ironically), it's clear
that there, IPv4 addresses also retained minimal interface naming semantics.


It's almost inevitable, in any plan which supports unmodified hosts, that
the IPvN addresses used by those hosts will retain the basic semantics of
IPvN addresses.

	Noel
_______________________________________________
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Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2009 09:44:12 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Subject: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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	We're looking at doing a WG forming BOF at the next IETF
	meeting, and the below is a draft of what such a WG
	charter would look like.=20

	Comments please.

	Thnx,

	Dave


LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-16

Chair(s):
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary(ies):
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
mapping systems.

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

Mar 2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-00.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-01.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-00.txt. =20

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_______________________________________________
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Subject: [lisp] another interesting comment from Noel on naming...
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----- Forwarded message from Noel Chiappa <jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu> -----

> From: Noel Chiappa <jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu>
> To: rrg@irtf.org
> Cc: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu
> Subject: Re: [rrg] No liveness requirement in the ID/Loc Split concept
> Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2009 12:26:48 -0500 (EST)
>=20
>     > From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
>=20
>     > a LISP EID does _not_ name an interface, but rather a 'stack' - i.e=
=2E an
>     > endpoint, with a collection of TCP connections.
>=20
> A private reply pointed out that a LISP EID in fact _also_ names an
> interface, just like an IPv4 address. That's a consequence of the fact th=
at a
> LISP design goal was to allow unmodified hosts, so one can only change the
> semantics of existing namespaces a little.
>=20
>=20
> Interesting historical note: the Nimrod deployment plan:
>=20
>   http://ana-3.lcs.mit.edu/~jnc/nimrod/deploy.txt
>=20
> looked a lot like LISP's deployment plan - the existing IP layer was 'jac=
ked
> up' and a new layer inserted underneath; unmodified hosts were unaware th=
at
> this all was happening, and continued to emit and receive classic IPv4
> packet; Nimrod agent-routers were responsible for invisibly translating t=
he
> IPv4 'addresses' in those packets into Nimrod locators, and doing the
> encapsulation. Although the Nimrod deployment plan spoke of turning IPv4
> 'addresses' into endpoint names (EIDs, to be exact - ironically), it's cl=
ear
> that there, IPv4 addresses also retained minimal interface naming semanti=
cs.
>=20
>=20
> It's almost inevitable, in any plan which supports unmodified hosts, that
> the IPvN addresses used by those hosts will retain the basic semantics of
> IPvN addresses.
>=20
> 	Noel
> _______________________________________________
> rrg mailing list
> rrg@irtf.org
> http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg

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_______________________________________________
lisp mailing list
lisp@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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Date: Fri, 16 Jan 2009 16:17:31 -0500
From: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>
To: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Hi Dave.  Multicast is listed as a draft to work on but is not in the
milestonesm, even though all the others are.

Excerpts from David Meyer on Fri, Jan 16, 2009 09:44:12AM -0800:
> 	We're looking at doing a WG forming BOF at the next IETF
> 	meeting, and the below is a draft of what such a WG
> 	charter would look like.=20
>=20
> 	Comments please.
>=20
> 	Thnx,
>=20
> 	Dave
>=20
>=20
> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
>=20
> Last Modified: 2009-01-16
>=20
> Chair(s):
>  TBD
>=20
> Internet Area Director(s):
>  TBD
>=20
> Routing Area Advisor:
>  TBD
>=20
> Secretary(ies):
>  TBD
> =20
> Mailing Lists:
>  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
>=20
> Description of Working Group:
>=20
> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
> mapping systems.
>=20
> Goals and Milestones:
>=20
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
>=20
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
>=20
> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> 	  for Experimental.
>=20
> Mar 2010  Re-charter or close.
>=20
> Internet-Drafts:
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-00.txt
> 	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
>=20
> Request For Comments:
> 	  None
>=20
>=20
> References
> ----------
> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
>=20
> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
>=20
> [2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> 	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
>=20
> [3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> 	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-01.txt.
>=20
> [4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> 	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
>=20
> [5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> 	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
>=20
> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> 	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-00.txt. =20



> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp


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From: Olivier Bonaventure <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>
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Dave,

> Goals and Milestones:
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.

Although ALT is the first deployed mapping proposal, I don't think that
a LISP working group should only consider this approach. I think that
the WG should work on Mapping systems in general and ALT could be one of
the solutions, but I would not restrict this in the description.


Olivier
-- 
http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be , UCLouvain, Belgium
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Subject: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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Hello,

draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00 discusses the locator liveness
problem and several possible solutions. I think that there are several
related issues that need to be discussed :


1- What are the types of failures that we consider and want to be able
to detect :

a. Failure of an ETR

b. Failure of (one of the link) directly attached to an ETR to its provider

c. Failure or misconfiguration of some intermediate links that causes
some ETR to become unreachable from some ITRs although the ETR and its
links are up.

Failures of type C are the more general, but also the most complex to
handle. There has been some work on detecting such
failures/misconfigurations ( see e.g.
A. Dhamdhere, R. Teixeira, C. Dovrolis, and C. Diot -
"NetDiagnoser:Troubleshooting network unreachabilities using end-to-end
probes and routing data", in Proc. of CoNEXT, December 2007 )
, but I don't think that we could reliably detect them in a LISP world.
I would suggest to focus the discussion on failures of type A and type B.

2- The focus of LISP should be to forward packets despite of failures of
 an ETR or failures of a link that is attached to an ETR and not to
detect failures.

I think that we should also consider network design best practices and
fast reroute techniques that could allow the EIDs served by the ETR to
remain reachable although an ETR or a link failed.

First, if a set of EID prefixes is served only by a single-homed ETR,
then the failure of the ETR or of the link that attaches the ETR to its
provider will cause a failure of the EID. Such a failure will be
eventually detected by ICMP destination unreachable messages. This is
the same case as today when a router attached to a single subnet which
is part of a larger aggregate fails. In this case, BGP does not inform
the entire Internet about the failure as the aggregate remains reachable.

Second, we should consider dual-homed ETRs. There are two subcases :
a- Two ETRs attached to the same provider
b- Two ETRs attached to different providers

In subcase a, the two ETRs could be configured in anycast so that the
provider redirects the packets to the other ETR in case of failure of
one ETR or one of its links.

In subcase b, a cooperation among the two providers could ensure that
the two RLOCs remain reachable even if one of the links or one of the
ETR fails. A possible solution to this problem could be based on the BGP
fast reroute technique described in
http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/publications/achieving-sub-50-milliseconds-recove-0
but other solutions are possible as well


I think that we should explore the utilisation of such network design
and fast reroute techniques to ensure that LISP encapsulated packets are
delivered even in case of failures instead of discussing the detection
of the failures themselves. If we cannot find enough network design and
fast reroute techniques, then we'll have to define ways to detect failures.


Best regards,


Olivier

-- 
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	Oliver,

> Although ALT is the first deployed mapping proposal, I don't think that
> a LISP working group should only consider this approach. I think that
> the WG should work on Mapping systems in general and ALT could be one of
> the solutions, but I would not restrict this in the description.

	Well taken. I'll modify the text to reflect that.

	Dave

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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Dave,
> 	We're looking at doing a WG forming BOF at the next IETF
> 	meeting, and the below is a draft of what such a WG
> 	charter would look like. 

Another point that should be discussed in a LISP WG is how locators and
EIDs should be allocated. This is more a policy than a protocol issue,
but I think that it will have an impact on the long-term scalablity of a
solution such as LISP.

Concerning the allocation of the EIDs, the issues to be discussed are at
least the following :
- size of an EID allocation
- lifetime of an EID allocation

Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the scalability of
the underlying routing system is that it should be possible to allocate
locators in a way that follows the network topology. In practice, this
implies that locators will have a limited lifetime and that all xTR (and
the supporting services including the mapping system) should be prepared
 for a change of their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of
the standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck in the
same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not solved
and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs to ensure
that they will not need to renumber.



Olivier

-- 
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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> Dave,
>> 	We're looking at doing a WG forming BOF at the next IETF
>> 	meeting, and the below is a draft of what such a WG
>> 	charter would look like.
>
> Another point that should be discussed in a LISP WG is how locators  
> and
> EIDs should be allocated. This is more a policy than a protocol issue,
> but I think that it will have an impact on the long-term scalablity  
> of a
> solution such as LISP.

So, do you think the working group should have in it's charter to work  
on both protocols and operational practices?

> Concerning the allocation of the EIDs, the issues to be discussed  
> are at
> least the following :
> - size of an EID allocation
> - lifetime of an EID allocation
>
> Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the  
> scalability of
> the underlying routing system is that it should be possible to  
> allocate
> locators in a way that follows the network topology. In practice, this
> implies that locators will have a limited lifetime and that all xTR  
> (and
> the supporting services including the mapping system) should be  
> prepared
> for a change of their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of
> the standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck in  
> the
> same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not  
> solved
> and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs to ensure
> that they will not need to renumber.

Definitely agree.

Dino

>
>
>
>
> Olivier
>
> -- 
> http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be , UCLouvain, Belgium
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Dino,

>>>     We're looking at doing a WG forming BOF at the next IETF
>>>     meeting, and the below is a draft of what such a WG
>>>     charter would look like.
>>
>> Another point that should be discussed in a LISP WG is how locators and
>> EIDs should be allocated. This is more a policy than a protocol issue,
>> but I think that it will have an impact on the long-term scalablity of a
>> solution such as LISP.
> 
> So, do you think the working group should have in it's charter to work
> on both protocols and operational practices?

Usually, protocols and operational practices are decoupled as we need
some time to learn from the actual deployment to document operationnal
practices. However, in the case of LISP, if the objective is a set of
Experimental RFCs, then having experimental operationnal practices that
are documented would be useful. This might be done by asking IANA for a
small reserved block of addresses to be used as EIDs for a limited time
and the establishment of an experimental registry (e.g. within an
existing RIR willing to experiment) to also evaluate this part of the
solution.


Olivier

-- 
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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On Sun, Jan 18, 2009 at 11:28:41PM +0100, Olivier Bonaventure wrote:
> Dave,
> > 	We're looking at doing a WG forming BOF at the next IETF
> > 	meeting, and the below is a draft of what such a WG
> > 	charter would look like.=20
>=20
> Another point that should be discussed in a LISP WG is how locators and
> EIDs should be allocated. This is more a policy than a protocol issue,
> but I think that it will have an impact on the long-term scalablity of a
> solution such as LISP.
>=20
> Concerning the allocation of the EIDs, the issues to be discussed are at
> least the following :
> - size of an EID allocation
> - lifetime of an EID allocation
>=20
> Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the scalability of
> the underlying routing system is that it should be possible to allocate
> locators in a way that follows the network topology. In practice, this
> implies that locators will have a limited lifetime and that all xTR (and
> the supporting services including the mapping system) should be prepared
>  for a change of their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of
> the standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck in the
> same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not solved
> and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs to ensure
> that they will not need to renumber.

	Agree. I'll also add that.

	Dave

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From: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>
To: Olivier Bonaventure <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Excerpts from Olivier Bonaventure on Sun, Jan 18, 2009 11:28:41PM
+0100:
> Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the
> scalability of the underlying routing system is that it should be
> possible to allocate locators in a way that follows the network
> topology. In practice, this implies that locators will have a
> limited lifetime and that all xTR (and the supporting services
> including the mapping system) should be prepared for a change of
> their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of the
> standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck in the
> same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not
> solved and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs
> to ensure that they will not need to renumber.

When you say locators, I hope you mean the core-facing RLOCs.  
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> Usually, protocols and operational practices are decoupled as we need
> some time to learn from the actual deployment to document operationnal
> practices. However, in the case of LISP, if the objective is a set of
> Experimental RFCs, then having experimental operationnal practices that
> are documented would be useful. This might be done by asking IANA for a
> small reserved block of addresses to be used as EIDs for a limited time
> and the establishment of an experimental registry (e.g. within an
> existing RIR willing to experiment) to also evaluate this part of the
> solution.

	As you may (or may not) know, we do have both IPv4 and
	IPv6 EID prefixes in use now (153.16/16 and
	2610:D0:/32). It would be great if an RIR would pick up
	allocation of their part of the address space. The
	current model has RIPE, ARIN, LACNIC (actually UY) at the
	top of the aggregation hierarchy, and each has a /20
	(from 153.16/16) and a /36 (2610:D0:/32). We're also
	working with folks at APNIC, and hope to have them going
	soon. So there is a kind of "square" at the top of the
	ALT hierarchy consisting of RIPE, ARIN, APNIC, and
	LACNIC.=20

	So much of this is built (at least on the scale we could
	with a /16, for example). What you suggest that isn't
	done is that no RIR has picked up allocating this
	space. So I agree it would be a very good thing if one or
	more of the RIRs would pick up allocating these (that is
	exactly the kind of experience we'd like to get).

	That said, perhaps the charter should include a work item
	that looks something like "guidelines for allocating IPv4
	and IPv6 EID prefixes" or something similar. What do
	folks think?

	Dave


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Excerpts from Olivier Bonaventure on Mon, Jan 19, 2009 09:03:36AM +0100:
> >> Another point that should be discussed in a LISP WG is how locators and
> >> EIDs should be allocated. This is more a policy than a protocol issue,
> >> but I think that it will have an impact on the long-term scalablity of a
> >> solution such as LISP.
> > 
> > So, do you think the working group should have in it's charter to work
> > on both protocols and operational practices?
> 
> Usually, protocols and operational practices are decoupled as we need
> some time to learn from the actual deployment to document operationnal
> practices. However, in the case of LISP, if the objective is a set of
> Experimental RFCs, then having experimental operationnal practices that
> are documented would be useful. This might be done by asking IANA for a
> small reserved block of addresses to be used as EIDs for a limited time
> and the establishment of an experimental registry (e.g. within an
> existing RIR willing to experiment) to also evaluate this part of the
> solution.

I am hesitant to mix this all together.  Of course we need an
allocation scheme for the experiment to go forward, but that is not
the same as deciding how things will be allocated in production.
There is a lot of politics there.  I would say that all we need is an
existence proof that there is a way to allocate EIDs and RLOCs, but we
don't need to come up with a recommendation on what the Internet /
RIRs should do.  I hope.

Scott
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	All,

> > Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the
> > scalability of the underlying routing system is that it should be
> > possible to allocate locators in a way that follows the network
> > topology. In practice, this implies that locators will have a
> > limited lifetime and that all xTR (and the supporting services
> > including the mapping system) should be prepared for a change of
> > their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of the
> > standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck in the
> > same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not
> > solved and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs
> > to ensure that they will not need to renumber.
>=20
> When you say locators, I hope you mean the core-facing RLOCs. =20

	That is how I read it, and there are various proposals
	around for how to do this.=20

	Do folks want to have an independent work item (i.e.,
	draft) for this, or do you envision that xTR renumbering
	be folded into the base spec?

	Dave


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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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> Excerpts from Olivier Bonaventure on Mon, Jan 19, 2009 09:03:36AM  
> +0100:
>>>> Another point that should be discussed in a LISP WG is how  
>>>> locators and
>>>> EIDs should be allocated. This is more a policy than a protocol  
>>>> issue,
>>>> but I think that it will have an impact on the long-term  
>>>> scalablity of a
>>>> solution such as LISP.
>>>
>>> So, do you think the working group should have in it's charter to  
>>> work
>>> on both protocols and operational practices?
>>
>> Usually, protocols and operational practices are decoupled as we need
>> some time to learn from the actual deployment to document  
>> operationnal

Yes, and we have a mix of success this way.

>> practices. However, in the case of LISP, if the objective is a set of
>> Experimental RFCs, then having experimental operationnal practices  
>> that
>> are documented would be useful. This might be done by asking IANA  
>> for a
>> small reserved block of addresses to be used as EIDs for a limited  
>> time
>> and the establishment of an experimental registry (e.g. within an
>> existing RIR willing to experiment) to also evaluate this part of the
>> solution.
>
> I am hesitant to mix this all together.  Of course we need an

I think if we want to build practical solutions, we need the protocol  
designers to listen and work with the operational folks. And we need  
the operational folks help with designing the protocols. There are  
good minds that have the capability to "cross over".

I, personally, have done this in the past and practical solutions do  
result. In fact, we find out way early when we make mistakes.

> allocation scheme for the experiment to go forward, but that is not
> the same as deciding how things will be allocated in production.

Scott, let's at least get going with some model that is reasonable. We  
don't need to wait or delay or add more process if we don't have to.

> There is a lot of politics there.  I would say that all we need is an
> existence proof that there is a way to allocate EIDs and RLOCs, but we
> don't need to come up with a recommendation on what the Internet /
> RIRs should do.  I hope.

We need the entropy factor in this as well. So we need to deploy  
something so people understand how existing deployment models will  
change, if they change at all and if new deployment models and  
business opportunities develop.

Dino

>
>
> Scott
> _______________________________________________
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Excerpts from David Meyer on Mon, Jan 19, 2009 08:58:42AM -0800:
> > > Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the
> > > scalability of the underlying routing system is that it should
> > > be possible to allocate locators in a way that follows the
> > > network topology. In practice, this implies that locators will
> > > have a limited lifetime and that all xTR (and the supporting
> > > services including the mapping system) should be prepared for a
> > > change of their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of
> > > the standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be
> > > stuck in the same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering
> > > is still not solved and network operators are changing the
> > > policies of the RIRs to ensure that they will not need to
> > > renumber.
> >=20
> > When you say locators, I hope you mean the core-facing RLOCs. =20
>=20
> 	That is how I read it, and there are various proposals around
> 	for how to do this.=20
>=20
> 	Do folks want to have an independent work item (i.e., draft)
> 	for this, or do you envision that xTR renumbering be folded
> 	into the base spec?

It's not an extension.  Let's leave it in the base spec unless/until
the base spec gets too big.

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Excerpts from Dino Farinacci on Mon, Jan 19, 2009 09:01:54AM -0800:
>> allocation scheme for the experiment to go forward, but that is not
>> the same as deciding how things will be allocated in production.
>
> Scott, let's at least get going with some model that is reasonable. 

Yup - see "existence proof".  

>> There is a lot of politics there.  I would say that all we need is an
>> existence proof that there is a way to allocate EIDs and RLOCs, but we
>> don't need to come up with a recommendation on what the Internet /
>> RIRs should do.  I hope.
>
> We need the entropy factor in this as well. So we need to deploy  
> something so people understand how existing deployment models will  
> change, if they change at all and if new deployment models and business 
> opportunities develop.

Yes
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Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2009 09:12:30 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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	Scott,

> Excerpts from Olivier Bonaventure on Mon, Jan 19, 2009 09:03:36AM +0100:
> > >> Another point that should be discussed in a LISP WG is how locators =
and
> > >> EIDs should be allocated. This is more a policy than a protocol issu=
e,
> > >> but I think that it will have an impact on the long-term scalablity =
of a
> > >> solution such as LISP.
> > >=20
> > > So, do you think the working group should have in it's charter to work
> > > on both protocols and operational practices?
> >=20
> > Usually, protocols and operational practices are decoupled as we need
> > some time to learn from the actual deployment to document operationnal
> > practices. However, in the case of LISP, if the objective is a set of
> > Experimental RFCs, then having experimental operationnal practices that
> > are documented would be useful. This might be done by asking IANA for a
> > small reserved block of addresses to be used as EIDs for a limited time
> > and the establishment of an experimental registry (e.g. within an
> > existing RIR willing to experiment) to also evaluate this part of the
> > solution.
>=20
> I am hesitant to mix this all together. Of course we need an
> allocation scheme for the experiment to go forward, but that is not
> the same as deciding how things will be allocated in production.
> There is a lot of politics there.  I would say that all we need is an
> existence proof that there is a way to allocate EIDs and RLOCs, but we
> don't need to come up with a recommendation on what the Internet /
> RIRs should do.  I hope.

	I would guess that a draft that provided guidance to the
	RIRs around EID allocation would be a generally good
	thing. The question (which I think you're raising) is
	whether such a draft should be part of the LISP WG that
	we're discussing.=20

	Now, an argument could be made that what we're discussing
	here is a protocol WG, and that the RIR EID allocation
	guidance draft is more of an operational (and as you
	point out, political) document. In addition, as you know
	RIR policy is for the most part formulated by the RIR
	constituents, not the IETF. That said, a document
	outlining what we have in mind with respect to
	EID-allocation and aggregation would seem to be useful,
	if for no other reason that the ideas would be
	documented.

	So let me ask again: Do folks think a document describing
	EID allocation strategy, targeted at the RIRs, would be a
	useful (and appropriate) document for a LISP WG to
	produce, noting that there may be other venues for such a
	document, e.g., GROW. Please chime in.

	FYI - I've included a schematic of the EID addressing plan
	that we're using today below.

	Thnx,

	Dave

---

#
#        Consolidated LISP Addressing Plan
#
#       For IPv6
#
#       OrgName:    Cisco Systems, Inc.
#       OrgID:      CISCOS-2
#       Address:    170 West Tasman Drive
#       City:       San Jose
#       StateProv:  CA
#       PostalCode: 95134
#       Country:    US
#      =20
#       NetRange:   2610:00D0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 -=20
#       2610:00D0:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
#       CIDR:       2610:00D0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/32
#       NetName:    LISPV6
#       NetHandle:  NET6-2610-D0-1
#       Parent:     NET6-2610-1
#       NetType:    Direct Assignment
#       Comment:
#       RegDate:    2008-05-09
#       Updated:    2008-05-09
#      =20
#       RTechHandle: DMM65-ARIN
#       RTechName:   Meyer, David
#       RTechPhone:  +1-541-346-1747
#       RTechEmail:  dmm@antc.uoregon.edu
#      =20
#       OrgTechHandle: DN5-ORG-ARIN
#       OrgTechName:   Cisco Systems, Inc.
#       OrgTechPhone:  +1-408-527-9223
#       OrgTechEmail:  dns-info@cisco.com
#
#
#
#               2610:D0:/32 -- The universe
#
#                2610:D0:1000:/36
#                          ^
#                          |
#                        continent
#
#                2610:D0:1100:/40
#                           ^
#                           |
#                          Region
#
#                2610:D0:1100:/48
#                             --
#                           sites
#
#
#
#       David Meyer
#       dmm@1-4-5.net
#       Tue May  6 07:58:53 2008
#
#       $Header: /home/dmm/lisp/configs/RCS/addressing.plan,v 1.76 2009/01/=
16 16:13:31 dmm Exp $
#

IPv4 EID Space
--------------
NA:              153.16.0.0/20
EU:              153.16.32.0/20
Asia:            153.16.64.0/20
Africa:          153.16.96.0/20
Latin America:   153.16.128.0/20
Reserved:        153.16.160.0/20
                 153.16.192.0/20
                 153.16.224.0/20

IPv6 EID Space
--------------
NA:              2610:D0:1000::/36
EU:              2610:D0:2000::/36 =20
Asia:            2610:D0:3000::/36 =20
Africa:          2610:D0:4000::/36
Latin America:   2610:D0:5000::/36
Reserved:        2610:D0:6000::/36 - 2610:D0:F000::/36

=09


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_______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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On 1/18/09 11:28 PM, Olivier Bonaventure wrote:
> Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the scalability of
> the underlying routing system is that it should be possible to allocate
> locators in a way that follows the network topology. In practice, this
> implies that locators will have a limited lifetime and that all xTR (and
> the supporting services including the mapping system) should be prepared
>   for a change of their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of
> the standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck in the
> same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not solved
> and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs to ensure
> that they will not need to renumber.
>
>    

Ok, but what does this mean?  The difficulty of renumbering is 
by-and-large the orders of magnitude of changes that need to occur on 
the host level.  A 60,000 device network today has to renumber, well, 
60,000 devices in a renumbering event.  Of course in LISP those would be 
EIDs, and so you wouldn't imagine renumbering them.  On the locator 
front, we're talking what?  1/2 dozen systems?  Maybe 32 max?  But 
perhaps you mean it should be possible to support mobility?  In which 
case you could have 60,000 mappings, all changing constantly.

Eliot
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Excerpts from David Meyer on Mon, Jan 19, 2009 09:12:30AM -0800:
> 	I would guess that a draft that provided guidance to the
> 	RIRs around EID allocation would be a generally good
> 	thing. The question (which I think you're raising) is
> 	whether such a draft should be part of the LISP WG that
> 	we're discussing.=20
>=20
> 	Now, an argument could be made that what we're discussing
> 	here is a protocol WG, and that the RIR EID allocation
> 	guidance draft is more of an operational (and as you
> 	point out, political) document. In addition, as you know
> 	RIR policy is for the most part formulated by the RIR
> 	constituents, not the IETF. That said, a document
> 	outlining what we have in mind with respect to
> 	EID-allocation and aggregation would seem to be useful,
> 	if for no other reason that the ideas would be
> 	documented.
>=20
> 	So let me ask again: Do folks think a document describing
> 	EID allocation strategy, targeted at the RIRs, would be a
> 	useful (and appropriate) document for a LISP WG to
> 	produce, noting that there may be other venues for such a
> 	document, e.g., GROW. Please chime in.

OK, here's a suggestion: as the protocols are being finalized,

  - be sure that ops people agree that possible allocation approaches
    are reasonable (so the protocol isn't decoupled from reality). =20

  - add yet another draft which will be "implications" of the design.
    With respect to this particular issue, it would include
    implications for how EIDs and Locators are allocated.

??

Scott

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Cc: Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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> On 1/18/09 11:28 PM, Olivier Bonaventure wrote:
>> Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the  
>> scalability of
>> the underlying routing system is that it should be possible to  
>> allocate
>> locators in a way that follows the network topology. In practice,  
>> this
>> implies that locators will have a limited lifetime and that all xTR  
>> (and
>> the supporting services including the mapping system) should be  
>> prepared
>>  for a change of their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of
>> the standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck  
>> in the
>> same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not  
>> solved
>> and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs to ensure
>> that they will not need to renumber.
>>
>>
>
> Ok, but what does this mean?  The difficulty of renumbering is by- 
> and-large the orders of magnitude of changes that need to occur on  
> the host level.  A 60,000 device network today has to renumber,  
> well, 60,000 devices in a renumbering event.  Of course in LISP  
> those would be EIDs, and so you wouldn't imagine renumbering them.   
> On the locator front, we're talking what?  1/2 dozen systems?  Maybe  
> 32 max?  But perhaps you mean it should be possible to support  
> mobility?  In which case you could have 60,000 mappings, all  
> changing constantly.

In most cases 2-4.

Dino

>
>
> Eliot
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2009 15:45:45 -0600
From: "Benson Schliesser" <bensons@queuefull.net>
To: "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Cc: lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Dave-

In response to your question: Yes, I think that the WG should document
recommendations for allocation and routing of both EIDs and RLOCs.

LISP may have other uses, but routing and addressing scale is the primary
motivation for its development. The WG should capture all salient points on
how LISP is thought to address these issues, while acknowledging that
external groups will ultimately decide how it's deployed. The WG should
probably stop short of capturing operational topics such as best practices,
which might belong in a future LISP-Ops WG.

IMHO,
-Benson

On Jan 19, 2009 11:12 AM, "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net> wrote:

       Scott,

> Excerpts from Olivier Bonaventure on Mon, Jan 19, 2009 09:03:36AM +0100: >
> >> Another point tha...
       I would guess that a draft that provided guidance to the
       RIRs around EID allocation would be a generally good
       thing. The question (which I think you're raising) is
       whether such a draft should be part of the LISP WG that
       we're discussing.

       Now, an argument could be made that what we're discussing
       here is a protocol WG, and that the RIR EID allocation
       guidance draft is more of an operational (and as you
       point out, political) document. In addition, as you know
       RIR policy is for the most part formulated by the RIR
       constituents, not the IETF. That said, a document
       outlining what we have in mind with respect to
       EID-allocation and aggregation would seem to be useful,
       if for no other reason that the ideas would be
       documented.

       So let me ask again: Do folks think a document describing
       EID allocation strategy, targeted at the RIRs, would be a
       useful (and appropriate) document for a LISP WG to
       produce, noting that there may be other venues for such a
       document, e.g., GROW. Please chime in.

       FYI - I've included a schematic of the EID addressing plan
       that we're using today below.

       Thnx,

       Dave

---

#
#        Consolidated LISP Addressing Plan
#
#       For IPv6
#
#       OrgName:    Cisco Systems, Inc.
#       OrgID:      CISCOS-2
#       Address:    170 West Tasman Drive
#       City:       San Jose
#       StateProv:  CA
#       PostalCode: 95134
#       Country:    US
#
#       NetRange:   2610:00D0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 -
#       2610:00D0:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF
#       CIDR:       2610:00D0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/32
#       NetName:    LISPV6
#       NetHandle:  NET6-2610-D0-1
#       Parent:     NET6-2610-1
#       NetType:    Direct Assignment
#       Comment:
#       RegDate:    2008-05-09
#       Updated:    2008-05-09
#
#       RTechHandle: DMM65-ARIN
#       RTechName:   Meyer, David
#       RTechPhone:  +1-541-346-1747
#       RTechEmail:  dmm@antc.uoregon.edu
#
#       OrgTechHandle: DN5-ORG-ARIN
#       OrgTechName:   Cisco Systems, Inc.
#       OrgTechPhone:  +1-408-527-9223
#       OrgTechEmail:  dns-info@cisco.com
#
#
#
#               2610:D0:/32 -- The universe
#
#                2610:D0:1000:/36
#                          ^
#                          |
#                        continent
#
#                2610:D0:1100:/40
#                           ^
#                           |
#                          Region
#
#                2610:D0:1100:/48
#                             --
#                           sites
#
#
#
#       David Meyer
#       dmm@1-4-5.net
#       Tue May  6 07:58:53 2008
#
#       $Header: /home/dmm/lisp/configs/RCS/addressing.plan,v 1.76
2009/01/16 16:13:31 dmm Exp $
#

IPv4 EID Space
--------------
NA:              153.16.0.0/20
EU:              153.16.32.0/20
Asia:            153.16.64.0/20
Africa:          153.16.96.0/20
Latin America:   153.16.128.0/20
Reserved:        153.16.160.0/20
                153.16.192.0/20
                153.16.224.0/20

IPv6 EID Space
--------------
NA:              2610:D0:1000::/36
EU:              2610:D0:2000::/36
Asia:            2610:D0:3000::/36
Africa:          2610:D0:4000::/36
Latin America:   2610:D0:5000::/36
Reserved:        2610:D0:6000::/36 - 2610:D0:F000::/36




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_______________________________________________
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------=_Part_15605_20391441.1232401545756
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Content-Disposition: inline

<p>Dave-</p>
<p>In response to your question: Yes, I think that the WG should document recommendations for allocation and routing of both EIDs and RLOCs.</p>
<p>LISP may have other uses, but routing and addressing scale is the primary motivation for its development. The WG should capture all salient points on how LISP is thought to address these issues, while acknowledging that external groups will ultimately decide how it&#39;s deployed. The WG should probably stop short of capturing operational topics such as best practices, which might belong in a future LISP-Ops WG.</p>

<p>IMHO,<br>
-Benson<br>
</p>
<p><blockquote>On Jan 19, 2009 11:12 AM, &quot;David Meyer&quot; &lt;<a href="mailto:dmm@1-4-5.net">dmm@1-4-5.net</a>&gt; wrote:<br><br> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Scott,<br>
<p><font color="#500050">
&gt; Excerpts from Olivier Bonaventure on Mon, Jan 19, 2009 09:03:36AM +0100:
&gt; &gt; &gt;&gt; Another point tha...</font></p> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;I would guess that a draft that provided guidance to the<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;RIRs around EID allocation would be a generally good<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;thing. The question (which I think you&#39;re raising) is<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;whether such a draft should be part of the LISP WG that<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;we&#39;re discussing.<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Now, an argument could be made that what we&#39;re discussing<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;here is a protocol WG, and that the RIR EID allocation<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;guidance draft is more of an operational (and as you<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;point out, political) document. In addition, as you know<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;RIR policy is for the most part formulated by the RIR<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;constituents, not the IETF. That said, a document<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;outlining what we have in mind with respect to<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;EID-allocation and aggregation would seem to be useful,<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;if for no other reason that the ideas would be<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;documented.<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;So let me ask again: Do folks think a document describing<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;EID allocation strategy, targeted at the RIRs, would be a<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;useful (and appropriate) document for a LISP WG to<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;produce, noting that there may be other venues for such a<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;document, e.g., GROW. Please chime in.<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;FYI - I&#39;ve included a schematic of the EID addressing plan<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;that we&#39;re using today below.<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Thnx,<br>
<br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Dave<br>
<br>
---<br>
<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Consolidated LISP Addressing Plan<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; For IPv6<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OrgName: &nbsp; &nbsp;Cisco Systems, Inc.<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OrgID: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;CISCOS-2<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Address: &nbsp; &nbsp;170 West Tasman Drive<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; City: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; San Jose<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; StateProv: &nbsp;CA<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; PostalCode: 95134<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Country: &nbsp; &nbsp;US<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; NetRange: &nbsp; 2610:00D0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 -<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2610:00D0:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CIDR: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2610:00D0:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000/32<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; NetName: &nbsp; &nbsp;LISPV6<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; NetHandle: &nbsp;NET6-2610-D0-1<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Parent: &nbsp; &nbsp; NET6-2610-1<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; NetType: &nbsp; &nbsp;Direct Assignment<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Comment:<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; RegDate: &nbsp; &nbsp;2008-05-09<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Updated: &nbsp; &nbsp;2008-05-09<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; RTechHandle: DMM65-ARIN<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; RTechName: &nbsp; Meyer, David<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; RTechPhone: &nbsp;+1-541-346-1747<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; RTechEmail: &nbsp;<a href="mailto:dmm@antc.uoregon.edu">dmm@antc.uoregon.edu</a><br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OrgTechHandle: DN5-ORG-ARIN<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OrgTechName: &nbsp; Cisco Systems, Inc.<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OrgTechPhone: &nbsp;+1-408-527-9223<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OrgTechEmail: &nbsp;<a href="mailto:dns-info@cisco.com">dns-info@cisco.com</a><br>
#<br>
#<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2610:D0:/32 -- The universe<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2610:D0:1000:/36<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;^<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;|<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;continent<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2610:D0:1100:/40<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ^<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; |<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Region<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2610:D0:1100:/48<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; --<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; sites<br>
#<br>
#<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; David Meyer<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <a href="mailto:dmm@1-4-5.net">dmm@1-4-5.net</a><br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Tue May &nbsp;6 07:58:53 2008<br>
#<br>
# &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; $Header: /home/dmm/lisp/configs/RCS/addressing.plan,v 1.76 2009/01/16 16:13:31 dmm Exp $<br>
#<br>
<br>
IPv4 EID Space<br>
--------------<br>
NA: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="http://153.16.0.0/20" target="_blank">153.16.0.0/20</a><br>
EU: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="http://153.16.32.0/20" target="_blank">153.16.32.0/20</a><br>
Asia: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="http://153.16.64.0/20" target="_blank">153.16.64.0/20</a><br>
Africa: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="http://153.16.96.0/20" target="_blank">153.16.96.0/20</a><br>
Latin America: &nbsp; <a href="http://153.16.128.0/20" target="_blank">153.16.128.0/20</a><br>
Reserved: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="http://153.16.160.0/20" target="_blank">153.16.160.0/20</a><br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <a href="http://153.16.192.0/20" target="_blank">153.16.192.0/20</a><br>
 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <a href="http://153.16.224.0/20" target="_blank">153.16.224.0/20</a><br>
<br>
IPv6 EID Space<br>
--------------<br>
NA: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2610:D0:1000::/36<br>
EU: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2610:D0:2000::/36<br>
Asia: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2610:D0:3000::/36<br>
Africa: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2610:D0:4000::/36<br>
Latin America: &nbsp; 2610:D0:5000::/36<br>
Reserved: &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;2610:D0:6000::/36 - 2610:D0:F000::/36<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (GNU/Linux)<br>
<br>
iEYEARECAAYFAkl0tH4ACgkQORgD1qCZ2KddwwCfXcCYS69QAdO3eH2fytS9V/85<br>
ovEAn1oKCz3sYl8zcvcUYHsnst7uPdlE<br>
=x3zA<br>
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----<br>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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> Hello,
>
> draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00 discusses the locator liveness
> problem and several possible solutions. I think that there are several
> related issues that need to be discussed :

Olivier, see my comments inline.

> 1- What are the types of failures that we consider and want to be able
> to detect :
>
> a. Failure of an ETR
>
> b. Failure of (one of the link) directly attached to an ETR to its  
> provider

These are covered by the loc-reach-bits and have been in the LISP spec  
for quite a long time. I think dating back to the -02 draft.

> c. Failure or misconfiguration of some intermediate links that causes
> some ETR to become unreachable from some ITRs although the ETR and its
> links are up.

We need to distinguish between the term "reachable" and "alive". And  
the mechanisms for "reachability" or "liveness" need to be clearly  
decoupled and analyzed independently. Today a BGP router believes a  
destination is alive because it is reachable. Being "reachable" here  
means there is a route (in the DFZ is it a more specific route and not  
a default route) in the local RIB.

"Liveness" is usally what a ping echo-reply would tell you. And we all  
know there is nothing protocol-wise in the core that tests for liveness.

The reason I say this is because, with good approximation and  
probability, a reachable prefix is one that usually is alive. If we  
didn't believe that, the Internet wouldn't be reliable today.

So the question I keep challenging people with is, with LISP loc-reach- 
bits and BGP route existence (i.e. "reachability"), is this good  
enough. Is this enough tools for an ITR to know when to switch RLOCs.  
If the ITR is running BGP, I think we are in a good position to day yes.

When the ITR is not running BGP, and there are many cases for it not  
to run BGP to lower the opex cost of running the ITR on a CPE router,  
is there an inadequate reachability capability. That is the question.

I do have some ideas to solve this low-opex ITR case. And they are  
light-weight.

> Failures of type C are the more general, but also the most complex to
> handle. There has been some work on detecting such
> failures/misconfigurations ( see e.g.
> A. Dhamdhere, R. Teixeira, C. Dovrolis, and C. Diot -
> "NetDiagnoser:Troubleshooting network unreachabilities using end-to- 
> end
> probes and routing data", in Proc. of CoNEXT, December 2007 )
> , but I don't think that we could reliably detect them in a LISP  
> world.
> I would suggest to focus the discussion on failures of type A and  
> type B.

Those are handled. The case is where a peering connection goes down  
and an alternate path is not available because the transit policy for  
an RLOC is quite different than for an EID. That is, a transit ISP  
cannot tell it's customer is behind an RLOC supported by another ISP.  
And the EID is not known to the core (for good reasons) so we could  
sever connectivity which previously was not before we introduced the  
level of indirection.

Having said that, c is the issue at hand here and not a and b.

> 2- The focus of LISP should be to forward packets despite of  
> failures of
> an ETR or failures of a link that is attached to an ETR and not to
> detect failures.

But having an alternate path locally and not using could be question  
of "a good feature we cannot scale".

> I think that we should also consider network design best practices and
> fast reroute techniques that could allow the EIDs served by the ETR to
> remain reachable although an ETR or a link failed.

Fast reroute mechanisms in the xTRs? Or, alternately in core, they are  
already there. There is also the case how fast the IGP can switch to  
another exit ITR.

> First, if a set of EID prefixes is served only by a single-homed ETR,
> then the failure of the ETR or of the link that attaches the ETR to  
> its

If the site is single homed and the ETR goes down, there is no reason  
to fix this, because you cannot. Just like routers can't switch  
packets without the power on.  ;-)

Oh, and others have asked me to make packets go faster than the speed  
of light too.  ;-)

> provider will cause a failure of the EID. Such a failure will be
> eventually detected by ICMP destination unreachable messages. This is

Another comment I have. Can all of us please stop talking about ICMP  
Unreachables. We can't rely on them. They are not dependable. They are  
off by default in core IOS routers. They are filtered by NATs and  
other firewalls.

All designs should spec that if an Unreachble is received, you can use  
it but you can't base a design on using ICMP unreachables. Even if  
they were turned on, there are too many security implications. Also,  
ICMP unreachables don't contain mask-lengths, so this contributes to  
it's unscalablility.

> the same case as today when a router attached to a single subnet which
> is part of a larger aggregate fails. In this case, BGP does not inform
> the entire Internet about the failure as the aggregate remains  
> reachable.

Yes, another problem with Unreachables.

> Second, we should consider dual-homed ETRs. There are two subcases :
> a- Two ETRs attached to the same provider
> b- Two ETRs attached to different providers
>
> In subcase a, the two ETRs could be configured in anycast so that the
> provider redirects the packets to the other ETR in case of failure of

That all depends on where in the region of that ISP they connect. An  
ISP is not going to want to carry host routes across their core.

> one ETR or one of its links.
>
> In subcase b, a cooperation among the two providers could ensure that
> the two RLOCs remain reachable even if one of the links or one of the

There is never cooperation like this between two SPs. My definition of  
inter-SP cooperation is agreeing to BGP peer with each other and the  
manual exchange of peering addresses.

This is why the LISP authors think the sweet-spot for a LISP xTR is at  
the CPE router.

> ETR fails. A possible solution to this problem could be based on the  
> BGP
> fast reroute technique described in
> http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be/publications/achieving-sub-50-milliseconds-recove-0
> but other solutions are possible as well
>
> I think that we should explore the utilisation of such network design
> and fast reroute techniques to ensure that LISP encapsulated packets  
> are
> delivered even in case of failures instead of discussing the detection
> of the failures themselves. If we cannot find enough network design  
> and
> fast reroute techniques, then we'll have to define ways to detect  
> failures.

We should definitely discuss. But I hope we can make hard decisions as  
well.

> Best regards,

Thanks for the thought provoking email Olivier.

Dino
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From: Olivier Bonaventure <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Dave,
> 
> 	As you may (or may not) know, we do have both IPv4 and
> 	IPv6 EID prefixes in use now (153.16/16 and
> 	2610:D0:/32). It would be great if an RIR would pick up
> 	allocation of their part of the address space. The
> 	current model has RIPE, ARIN, LACNIC (actually UY) at the
> 	top of the aggregation hierarchy, and each has a /20
> 	(from 153.16/16) and a /36 (2610:D0:/32). We're also
> 	working with folks at APNIC, and hope to have them going
> 	soon. So there is a kind of "square" at the top of the
> 	ALT hierarchy consisting of RIPE, ARIN, APNIC, and
> 	LACNIC. 
...
> 
> 	That said, perhaps the charter should include a work item
> 	that looks something like "guidelines for allocating IPv4
> 	and IPv6 EID prefixes" or something similar. What do
> 	folks think?


I think that we should look at the type of information that needs to be
maintained and provided by an EID allocation authority.

If we would to be able to secure the mapping systems (and I'm convinced
that we'll have to), we'll likely need to have cryptographical
certificates that are provided by the allocation authority to the owner
of the EID block. These certificates could be similar to those that are
being discussed within the SIDR WG. They will allow EID block owners to
prove the ownership of their EID blocks. A successful LISP experiment
should also consider this problem.


Olivier
-- 
http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be , UCLouvain, Belgium
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Dave,
>>> Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the
>>> scalability of the underlying routing system is that it should be
>>> possible to allocate locators in a way that follows the network
>>> topology. In practice, this implies that locators will have a
>>> limited lifetime and that all xTR (and the supporting services
>>> including the mapping system) should be prepared for a change of
>>> their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of the
>>> standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck in the
>>> same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not
>>> solved and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs
>>> to ensure that they will not need to renumber.
>> When you say locators, I hope you mean the core-facing RLOCs.  

Yes

> 	That is how I read it, and there are various proposals
> 	around for how to do this. 
> 
> 	Do folks want to have an independent work item (i.e.,
> 	draft) for this, or do you envision that xTR renumbering
> 	be folded into the base spec?

If RLOC renumbering is part of the base spec, then it will be
implemented by everyone and everybody will know that they need to plan
for a renumbering of their RLOCs. I would vote for discussing it in the
base spec unless it becomes too large.


Olivier


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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Olivier,
> If RLOC renumbering is part of the base spec, then it will be
> implemented by everyone and everybody will know that they need to plan
> for a renumbering of their RLOCs. I would vote for discussing it in the
> base spec unless it becomes too large.
>    

Let me restate my earlier screed: what is the frequency of the event?  
Let's consider three options:

Frequency of change
	Sort of Solution required
	Pluses / Minuses
Whenever you change provider (rare)
	Manual, management
	Very easy to implement; less infrastructure needed to maintain; but 
constrains the solution space.
Whenever you dial up your ppp connection
	automated management
	Provides more generality, plug and play for the house; but requires 
automated validation check for EID<->RLOC binding, but can be done 
through provisioning function
As you move from one location to another
	automated signaling/control plane
	Most general (DEBE - does everything but eat) solution, but high 
signaling overhead, introduces immediate potential for additional points 
of failure, RPA (royal pain in the ...)



I'd argue for sufficient architectural separation that you can do any or 
all three, but I would probably aim for (2) as a good initial target 
that is not too high not too low.

Regards,

Eliot
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Subject: Re: [lisp] draft charter for a LISP BOF/WG -- please comment
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Let's try that one again with some formatting:<br>
<br>
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2" width="70%">
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td valign="top">Frequency of Change<br>
      </td>
      <td valign="top">Sort of Solution Required<br>
      </td>
      <td valign="top">Pluses / Minuses<br>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td valign="top">Whenever you change provider (rare)<br>
      </td>
      <td valign="top">Manual management<br>
      </td>
      <td valign="top">Very easy to implement; less infrastructure
needed to maintain; but constrains the solution space.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td valign="top">Whenever you dial up your ppp connection
      </td>
      <td valign="top">Automated management</td>
      <td valign="top">Provides more generality, plug and play for the
house; but requires automated validation check for EID&lt;-&gt;RLOC
binding, but can be done through provisioning function.
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td valign="top">As you move from one location to another
(mobility)<br>
      </td>
      <td valign="top">Automated signaling/control plane
      </td>
      <td valign="top">Most general (DEBE - does everything but eat)
solution, but high signaling overhead, introduces immediate potential
for additional points of failure, RPA (royal pain in the ...)
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>
<br>
</body>
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On Tue, Jan 20, 2009 at 12:09:13PM +0100, Olivier Bonaventure wrote:
> Dave,
> >=20
> > 	As you may (or may not) know, we do have both IPv4 and
> > 	IPv6 EID prefixes in use now (153.16/16 and
> > 	2610:D0:/32). It would be great if an RIR would pick up
> > 	allocation of their part of the address space. The
> > 	current model has RIPE, ARIN, LACNIC (actually UY) at the
> > 	top of the aggregation hierarchy, and each has a /20
> > 	(from 153.16/16) and a /36 (2610:D0:/32). We're also
> > 	working with folks at APNIC, and hope to have them going
> > 	soon. So there is a kind of "square" at the top of the
> > 	ALT hierarchy consisting of RIPE, ARIN, APNIC, and
> > 	LACNIC.=20
> ...
> >=20
> > 	That said, perhaps the charter should include a work item
> > 	that looks something like "guidelines for allocating IPv4
> > 	and IPv6 EID prefixes" or something similar. What do
> > 	folks think?
>=20
>=20
> I think that we should look at the type of information that needs to be
> maintained and provided by an EID allocation authority.
>=20
> If we would to be able to secure the mapping systems (and I'm convinced
> that we'll have to), we'll likely need to have cryptographical
> certificates that are provided by the allocation authority to the owner
> of the EID block. These certificates could be similar to those that are
> being discussed within the SIDR WG. They will allow EID block owners to
> prove the ownership of their EID blocks. A successful LISP experiment
> should also consider this problem.

	Right. The idea was to use whatever the SIDR WG came up
	with (I had mentioned this to Sandy in Dublin, and she
	didn't see any issue with that). In any event, no reason
	to reinvent the wheel.=20

	Dave

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Date: Tue, 20 Jan 2009 08:21:33 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: lisp@ietf.org
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Subject: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG on whether a WG
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	Folks,

	I'm being asked (by the IESG) whether people believe
	that we can go directly to our first WG meeting at the
	next IETF or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.

	Here are the current facts on the ground:=20

	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
	o Significant global deployment is underway
	o We have 2 or more implementations=20
	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)

	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
=09
	 "Should a WG be formed following the draft agenda
	 (below), or should we have another BOF?"

	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
	close on these administrative issues.

	Thanks,

	Dave
--

LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-20

Chair(s):
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary(ies):
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
working group).

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

Mar 2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =20

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Subject: [lisp] updated LISP WG charter
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	Sorry about that, for some reason the updated version
	didn't make it into my last email. Here's the update.

	Dave
--


LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-20

Chair(s):
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary(ies):
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
working group).

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
	  System to the IESG for Experimental.

July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
	  Experimental.=20

Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-09.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-01.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =20

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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 20 08:41:48 2009
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Date: Tue, 20 Jan 2009 11:41:21 -0500
From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
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Cc: lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG on whether a WG
 forming	BOF is necessary
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Given the target (a WG to produce experimental specificaitons) I can see 
no benefit in an additional BoF.

Joel

David Meyer wrote:
> 	Folks,
> 
> 	I'm being asked (by the IESG) whether people believe
> 	that we can go directly to our first WG meeting at the
> 	next IETF or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
> 
> 	Here are the current facts on the ground: 
> 
> 	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
> 	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
> 	o Significant global deployment is underway
> 	o We have 2 or more implementations 
> 	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)
> 
> 	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
> 	
> 	 "Should a WG be formed following the draft agenda
> 	 (below), or should we have another BOF?"
> 
> 	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
> 	close on these administrative issues.
> 
> 	Thanks,
> 
> 	Dave
> --
> 
> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
> 
> Last Modified: 2009-01-20
> 
> Chair(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Internet Area Director(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Routing Area Advisor:
>  TBD
> 
> Secretary(ies):
>  TBD
>  
> Mailing Lists:
>  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
> 
> Description of Working Group:
> 
> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
> mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
> assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
> the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
> working group).
> 
> Goals and Milestones:
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> 	  for Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Re-charter or close.
> 
> Internet-Drafts:
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
> 	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
> 
> Request For Comments:
> 	  None
> 
> 
> References
> ----------
> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
> 
> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
> 
> [2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> 	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 
> [3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> 	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
> 
> [4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> 	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
> 
> [5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> 	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
> 
> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> 	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.  
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 20 08:58:46 2009
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
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On Tue, Jan 20, 2009 at 11:41:21AM -0500, Joel M. Halpern wrote:
> Given the target (a WG to produce experimental specificaitons) I can see =
=20
> no benefit in an additional BoF.

	Thanks for the input Joel.

	Dave

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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 20 09:09:49 2009
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From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
Cc: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu
Subject: Re: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG on whether a WG
	forming	BOF is necessary
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    > From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>

    > I'm being asked (by the IESG) whether people believe
    > that we can go directly to our first WG meeting at the
    > next IETF or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
    > 
    > ...
    >
    > o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
    > o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
    > o Significant global deployment is underway
    > o We have 2 or more implementations

Given that this is more than most WGs have, even some time after they start,
I can't see how a second BoF would be any use. (In fact, were I still an AD,
I wouldn't even both with one BoF, with this much evidence of interest. The
only reason to deny a WG in such circumstances would be if one felt it was a
bad direction, techncally, and any number of BoFs wouldn't help you with that
question.)

	Noel
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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 20 09:31:42 2009
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On Jan 20, 2009, at 12:09 PM, Noel Chiappa wrote:

>> From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
>
>> I'm being asked (by the IESG) whether people believe
>> that we can go directly to our first WG meeting at the
>> next IETF or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
>>
>> ...
>>
>> o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
>> o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
>> o Significant global deployment is underway
>> o We have 2 or more implementations
>
> Given that this is more than most WGs have, even some time after  
> they start,
> I can't see how a second BoF would be any use. (In fact, were I  
> still an AD,
> I wouldn't even both with one BoF, with this much evidence of  
> interest. The
> only reason to deny a WG in such circumstances would be if one felt  
> it was a
> bad direction, techncally, and any number of BoFs wouldn't help you  
> with that
> question.)

I agree with this analysis, and don't think that a second BOF is  
necessary.

Regards
Marshall


>
>
> 	Noel
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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On Tue, Jan 20, 2009 at 02:57:48PM -0200, rgaglian@lacnic.net wrote:
> +1
> Roque

	Thnx Roque.

	Dave

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> Given that this is more than most WGs have, even some time after they start,
> I can't see how a second BoF would be any use. (In fact, were I still an AD,
> I wouldn't even both with one BoF, with this much evidence of interest. The
> only reason to deny a WG in such circumstances would be if one felt it was a
> bad direction, techncally, and any number of BoFs wouldn't help you with that
> question.)

	Thanks Noel.

	Dave

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> I agree with this analysis, and don't think that a second BOF is =20
> necessary.

	Thanks Marshall.

	Dave

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+1.  Of course that means we need to get the charter really clear.
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	Folks,

	The IESG would like to know whether people believe that
	we can go directly to our first LISP WG meeting at the
	next IETF, or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.

	Here are the current facts on the ground:

	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
	o Significant global deployment is underway
	o We have 2 (or more) implementations
	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)

	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
	 "Should a WG be formed based on the draft agenda
	 (see below), or should we have another BOF?"

	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
	close on these administrative issues.=20

	Thanks,

	Dave
--

LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-20

Chair(s):
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary(ies):
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
working group).

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
	  System to the IESG for Experimental.

July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
	  Experimental.=20

Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =20


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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Scott Brim wrote:
> +1.  Of course that means we need to get the charter really clear.

I agree with the two sentences.


Olivier

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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dino,

> 
>> 1- What are the types of failures that we consider and want to be able
>> to detect :
>>
>> a. Failure of an ETR
>>
>> b. Failure of (one of the link) directly attached to an ETR to its
>> provider
> 
> These are covered by the loc-reach-bits and have been in the LISP spec
> for quite a long time. I think dating back to the -02 draft.

There are some issues with loc-reach-bits that are part of the LISP spec :
- The support for more than 31 locators is cumbersome (maybe 31
locoators is sufficient for most deployments, including experimental
ones, but I don't think that it's future proof)

- They assume that there is an ordering among the ETRs such that each
ETR knows the position of all other ETRs in the loc-reach bits. This
ordering should be preserved everytime an ETR is added or removed to
serve a given EID prefix and the ordering must remain consistent among
all ETRs that serve each EID prefix. This issue has not been discussed
in details until now.

>> c. Failure or misconfiguration of some intermediate links that causes
>> some ETR to become unreachable from some ITRs although the ETR and its
>> links are up.
> 
> We need to distinguish between the term "reachable" and "alive". And the
> mechanisms for "reachability" or "liveness" need to be clearly decoupled
> and analyzed independently. Today a BGP router believes a destination is
> alive because it is reachable. Being "reachable" here means there is a
> route (in the DFZ is it a more specific route and not a default route)
> in the local RIB.
> 
> "Liveness" is usally what a ping echo-reply would tell you. And we all
> know there is nothing protocol-wise in the core that tests for liveness.
> 
> The reason I say this is because, with good approximation and
> probability, a reachable prefix is one that usually is alive. If we
> didn't believe that, the Internet wouldn't be reliable today.

I agree

> So the question I keep challenging people with is, with LISP
> loc-reach-bits and BGP route existence (i.e. "reachability"), is this
> good enough. Is this enough tools for an ITR to know when to switch
> RLOCs. If the ITR is running BGP, I think we are in a good position to
> day yes.

LISP ETRs will be mainly deployed by stub networks. Consider that AS1
and AS2 are two large T1 ISPs with thousands of stub customers. For
scalability reasons, the RLOCs attached to the ETRs of their customers
are all inside a large prefix announced by BGP (say 1.0.0.0/16 for AS1
and 2.0.0.0/16 for AS2). In this case, a BGP withdraw will only be sent
if the entire RLOC prefix fails, which is unlikely. I'm not sure that
BGP gives you mugh more information, unless we expect to see short RLOC
prefixes advertised with BGP, which does not scale.

> When the ITR is not running BGP, and there are many cases for it not to
> run BGP to lower the opex cost of running the ITR on a CPE router, is
> there an inadequate reachability capability. That is the question.

The target should be xTR without the full BGP routing tables.

> I do have some ideas to solve this low-opex ITR case. And they are
> light-weight.
> 
>> Failures of type C are the more general, but also the most complex to
>> handle. There has been some work on detecting such
>> failures/misconfigurations ( see e.g.
>> A. Dhamdhere, R. Teixeira, C. Dovrolis, and C. Diot -
>> "NetDiagnoser:Troubleshooting network unreachabilities using end-to-end
>> probes and routing data", in Proc. of CoNEXT, December 2007 )
>> , but I don't think that we could reliably detect them in a LISP world.
>> I would suggest to focus the discussion on failures of type A and type B.
> 
> Those are handled.

The paper considers much more general failure cases than the loss of a
peering.

> The case is where a peering connection goes down and
> an alternate path is not available because the transit policy for an
> RLOC is quite different than for an EID. That is, a transit ISP cannot
> tell it's customer is behind an RLOC supported by another ISP. And the
> EID is not known to the core (for good reasons) so we could sever
> connectivity which previously was not before we introduced the level of
> indirection.
>
> Having said that, c is the issue at hand here and not a and b.
> 
>> 2- The focus of LISP should be to forward packets despite of failures of
>> an ETR or failures of a link that is attached to an ETR and not to
>> detect failures.
> 
> But having an alternate path locally and not using could be question of
> "a good feature we cannot scale".

Sorry, but I don't see why a local alternate cannot scale

>> I think that we should also consider network design best practices and
>> fast reroute techniques that could allow the EIDs served by the ETR to
>> remain reachable although an ETR or a link failed.
> 
> Fast reroute mechanisms in the xTRs? Or, alternately in core, they are
> already there. There is also the case how fast the IGP can switch to
> another exit ITR.

I agree, when the two ETRs that serve an EID prefix are attached to the
same provider, then failures can be handled by the provider's IGP.

>> First, if a set of EID prefixes is served only by a single-homed ETR,
>> then the failure of the ETR or of the link that attaches the ETR to its
> 
> If the site is single homed and the ETR goes down, there is no reason to
> fix this, because you cannot.

What I mean is that if an EID prefix is served by a single-homed xTR,
then there is no need to spend time/packets/cpu to detect the
reachability of this xTR.

> Just like routers can't switch packets
> without the power on.  ;-)
> 
> Oh, and others have asked me to make packets go faster than the speed of
> light too.  ;-)
> 
>> provider will cause a failure of the EID. Such a failure will be
>> eventually detected by ICMP destination unreachable messages. This is
> 
> Another comment I have. Can all of us please stop talking about ICMP
> Unreachables. We can't rely on them. They are not dependable. They are
> off by default in core IOS routers. They are filtered by NATs and other
> firewalls.
>
> All designs should spec that if an Unreachble is received, you can use
> it but you can't base a design on using ICMP unreachables. Even if they
> were turned on, there are too many security implications. Also, ICMP
> unreachables don't contain mask-lengths, so this contributes to it's
> unscalablility.

I agree that we cannot rely only on ICMP, but we cannot ignore them
neither. We should not assume that core routers will send ICMP
unreachable, but a PE attached to a CPE could easily send ICMP unreach
when the attached CPE fails. ICMP could be off on core routers, but be
on or rate limited on edge routers. I agree with the security concern
and upon reception of an ICMP unreachable, an ETR should send a probe
message to check the unreachability of the ITR's RLOC before considering
the RLOC to be unreachable.

>> the same case as today when a router attached to a single subnet which
>> is part of a larger aggregate fails. In this case, BGP does not inform
>> the entire Internet about the failure as the aggregate remains reachable.
> 
> Yes, another problem with Unreachables.
> 
>> Second, we should consider dual-homed ETRs. There are two subcases :
>> a- Two ETRs attached to the same provider
>> b- Two ETRs attached to different providers
>>
>> In subcase a, the two ETRs could be configured in anycast so that the
>> provider redirects the packets to the other ETR in case of failure of
> 
> That all depends on where in the region of that ISP they connect. An ISP
> is not going to want to carry host routes across their core.

Other solutions than anycast are possible.

>> one ETR or one of its links.
>>
>> In subcase b, a cooperation among the two providers could ensure that
>> the two RLOCs remain reachable even if one of the links or one of the
> 
> There is never cooperation like this between two SPs. My definition of
> inter-SP cooperation is agreeing to BGP peer with each other and the
> manual exchange of peering addresses.

Paying customers can "encourage" network providers to cooperate to
provide better/combined services.

> This is why the LISP authors think the sweet-spot for a LISP xTR is at
> the CPE router.

I agree


Olivier
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Eliot,
> On 1/18/09 11:28 PM, Olivier Bonaventure wrote:
>> Concerning the locators, an important requirement for the scalability of
>> the underlying routing system is that it should be possible to allocate
>> locators in a way that follows the network topology. In practice, this
>> implies that locators will have a limited lifetime and that all xTR (and
>> the supporting services including the mapping system) should be prepared
>>   for a change of their locator. Locator renumbering should be part of
>> the standardised solution from day one. Otherwise, we'll be stuck in the
>> same situation as with IPv6 today where renumbering is still not solved
>> and network operators are changing the policies of the RIRs to ensure
>> that they will not need to renumber.
>>
>>    
> 
> Ok, but what does this mean? 

The situation that I have in mind is an xTR that serves one EID prefix.

This xTR is attached to one router of an ISP. The xTR receives its IP
address (V4 and/or v6) by using a protocol similar to DHCP that provides
an RLOC and a lifetime. Using such a protocol gives flexibility to the
ISP and allows it to renumber its network when needed for scalability
reasons.

When the xTR's RLOC needs to change, it should be able to use both the
oldRLOC and the newRLOC for some time, as with IPv6 today. Ideally, the
xTR should be able to update the mapping system autonomously, by sending
 something similar to the dynamic updates used by DNS.

> The difficulty of renumbering is
> by-and-large the orders of magnitude of changes that need to occur on
> the host level.  A 60,000 device network today has to renumber, well,
> 60,000 devices in a renumbering event.  Of course in LISP those would be
> EIDs, and so you wouldn't imagine renumbering them.  

Renumbering EIDs is outside the scope of LISP


Olivier





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	Brian,

> Can you give a little more background on these two points,
> for those who aren't following things that closely:
>=20
> > 	o Significant global deployment is underway

	Check http://www.lisp4.net (IPv4) or http://www.lisp6.net
	(IPv6). There's a schematic of the global network
	there. Basically we're trying to get the RIRs to be at
	the topic level; you'll note that we have RIPE, ARIN, a
	LACNIC "proxy" (UY), and are working with the APNIC
	folks. Below that, we're trying to do a kind of regional
	(contential) aggregation, etc. There are roughly 30
	routers deployed, and 5 or 6 are in the pipeline.=20

	In addition, there are a growing number of hosts behind
	the xTRs (i.e., in EID space, either 153.16/16 or
	2610:D0:/32), scattered around the planet. For example,
	the NTT US folks have put up http://lisp4.ameri.ca (v4
	only), http://lisp6.ameri.ca (v6 only) or
	http://lisp.ameri.ca (dual stack).=20

	BTW, if you reach www.lisp{4,6}.net (or the mirrors on
	lispX.ameri.ca) from outside the LISP world, then you are
	using the Proxy Tunnel Router (PTR) technology described
	in draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-01.txt (note that the
	draft has timed out; we'll have an update today or
	tomorrow, and let me know if you need a copy of -01.txt).

	If you look at http:/www.translate.lisp4.net, you're
	using the other interworking technique, LISP translation
	(i.e., LISP NAT).

> > 	o We have 2 (or more) implementations
>=20
> What's the nature of the deployment,=20

	Answered above, I think. Let me know if you have other
	questions.=20

> and am I correct in thinking that only one of the
> implementations is from a core router vendor?

	Sort or. We of course have Dino's implementation. There
	is also other ongoing LISP work in IOS (still
	evolving). I don't know about other vendors.

	You can also find OpenLISP (an open source freebsd LISP
	implementation) at http://gforge.info.ucl.ac.be/projects/openlisp.
	We are also actively looking at a Linux OpenLISP port.

> Those questions being asked and answered, I don't personally
> see that another BOF is called for. The IESG just has to make its
> normal assessment of whether the support is broad enough.

	Thanks for your comments Brian. Very helpful.

	Dave

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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 20 15:37:49 2009
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a	WG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org I wanted to provide some background on this question.

As you recall, a BOF was held on EXPLISP in Dublin. In Minneapolis we 
had a number of WGs and the RRG talk about LISP. Implementation and 
small scale deployment is going on. The RRG is still continuing its 
work, and they are looking at a number of different solutions, including 
map-and-encap, translation, host changes, and combinations thereof. I do 
not want to preempt the RRG's efforts and at this time we are NOT 
considering any IETF standards in this area. We are, however, 
potentially interested in working groups targeting experimental 
specifications so that we can get more experience about the various 
technical solutions, different people can build systems that work 
together, etc. Some of you may be familiar with the HIP effort; they 
also had a working group that produced experimental RFCs to complement 
the more research oriented work in the IRTF HIP group.

My interpretation of the outcome of the first BOF was that the topic was 
very interesting for the people in the room but that at the time they 
felt it was more in research than IETF scope. There were also technical 
debates. That being said, we did not spend enough time on the WG 
formation question. So I did not view the results as final. 
Nevertheless, several attempts were made in the autumn to create some 
form of a subgroup in RRG to do this work. However, the proponents were 
only interested in a working group.

So what is happening now is what we did with many other BOF efforts as 
well. We got feedback in the BOF, there's been further discussion, and 
work on various fronts has progressed. Its time to complete the 
discussion about the fate of this effort. We need to see if additional 
information or further changes can result in a WG proposal that is 
acceptable to the community or not. If we can reach a decision on the 
list, fine, if not I will reserve a second BOF slot for the discussion. 
I am mindful of the fact that the list discussion may not reach quite 
the same crowd as a f2f meeting, so unless we get a fairly strong signal 
in the list we probably need to meet as well.

But back to the proposal. In particular, I would like to know how people 
feel about this work being ready for an (Experimental) IETF WG, what the 
scope should be, whether the charter is reasonable. And if not, what 
would make it so.

Dave, can you post a summary of changes in the proposed charter since 
the first BOF? I see that you have already posted some information on 
what is going on in the implementation front -- that was very useful, 
thanks. Has there been other significant events since last summer?

Jari

P.S. Maybe we should reply on just one list from now on. Please use, 
say, int-area because I do not think everyone's on the lisp list.

_______________________________________________
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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 20 15:40:44 2009
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a	WG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org On Jan 20, 2009, at 6:36 PM, Jari Arkko wrote:

> I wanted to provide some background on this question.
>
> As you recall, a BOF was held on EXPLISP in Dublin. In Minneapolis  
> we had a number of WGs and the RRG talk about LISP. Implementation  
> and small scale deployment is going on. The RRG is still continuing  
> its work, and they are looking at a number of different solutions,  
> including map-and-encap, translation, host changes, and combinations  
> thereof. I do not want to preempt the RRG's efforts and at this time  
> we are NOT considering any IETF standards in this area. We are,  
> however, potentially interested in working groups targeting  
> experimental specifications so that we can get more experience about  
> the various technical solutions, different people can build systems  
> that work together, etc. Some of you may be familiar with the HIP  
> effort; they also had a working group that produced experimental  
> RFCs to complement the more research oriented work in the IRTF HIP  
> group.
>
> My interpretation of the outcome of the first BOF was that the topic  
> was very interesting for the people in the room but that at the time  
> they felt it was more in research than IETF scope. There were also  
> technical debates. That being said, we did not spend enough time on  
> the WG formation question. So I did not view the results as final.  
> Nevertheless, several attempts were made in the autumn to create  
> some form of a subgroup in RRG to do this work. However, the  
> proponents were only interested in a working group.
>
> So what is happening now is what we did with many other BOF efforts  
> as well. We got feedback in the BOF, there's been further  
> discussion, and work on various fronts has progressed. Its time to  
> complete the discussion about the fate of this effort. We need to  
> see if additional information or further changes can result in a WG  
> proposal that is acceptable to the community or not. If we can reach  
> a decision on the list,

Might I ask (given the multiple cross-threading going on in this  
discussion) whether you specifically mean the lisp@ietf.org list ?

If so, can we cut down on the cross-posting ?

Regards
Marshall

> fine, if not I will reserve a second BOF slot for the discussion. I  
> am mindful of the fact that the list discussion may not reach quite  
> the same crowd as a f2f meeting, so unless we get a fairly strong  
> signal in the list we probably need to meet as well.
>
> But back to the proposal. In particular, I would like to know how  
> people feel about this work being ready for an (Experimental) IETF  
> WG, what the scope should be, whether the charter is reasonable. And  
> if not, what would make it so.
>
> Dave, can you post a summary of changes in the proposed charter  
> since the first BOF? I see that you have already posted some  
> information on what is going on in the implementation front -- that  
> was very useful, thanks. Has there been other significant events  
> since last summer?
>
> Jari
>
> P.S. Maybe we should reply on just one list from now on. Please use,  
> say, int-area because I do not think everyone's on the lisp list.
>
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

_______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a	WG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org > Jari Arkko:
>
> In particular, I would like to know how people 
> feel about this work being ready for an (Experimental) IETF 
> WG, what the scope should be, whether the charter is
> reasonable. And if not, what would make it so.

+1 for an Experimental IETF WG scoped to develop an RFC series on LISP
protocol, routing, and addressing.

The most recent charter proposed by Dave Meyer looks good to me.

Cheers,
-Benson

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To: "Schliesser, Benson" <bensons@savvis.net>, Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, <int-area@ietf.org>
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Thread-Topic: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org On 1/20/09 7:59 PM, "Schliesser, Benson" <bensons@savvis.net> wrote:

> 
>> Jari Arkko:
>> 
>> In particular, I would like to know how people
>> feel about this work being ready for an (Experimental) IETF
>> WG, what the scope should be, whether the charter is
>> reasonable. And if not, what would make it so.
> 
> +1 for an Experimental IETF WG scoped to develop an RFC series on LISP
> protocol, routing, and addressing.
> 
> The most recent charter proposed by Dave Meyer looks good to me.

+1

-J

> 
> Cheers,
> -Benson
> 
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a	WG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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On Jan 20, 2009, at 2:59 PM, Schliesser, Benson wrote:

>
> The most recent charter proposed by Dave Meyer looks good to me.
>

aye
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<br><div><div>On Jan 20, 2009, at 2:59 PM, Schliesser, Benson wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 10.0px Monaco; min-height: 14.0px"><br></p> <p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px"><font face="Monaco" size="2" style="font: 10.0px Monaco">The most recent charter proposed by Dave Meyer looks good to me.</font></p> <p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 10.0px Monaco; min-height: 14.0px"><br></p> </blockquote></div><br><div>aye</div></body></html>
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	Jari's decision. Please subscribe over there if you'd
	like to participate.

	Dave

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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down imho to: can
> we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) specifics leaving the
> issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated challenges
> open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> happen in the context of a BoF.
>    

I missed the part where anyone said that we should *exclusively* 
concentrate on LISP.  Where/when did that happen?
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "Eliot Lear" <lear@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Eliot:

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eliot Lear [mailto:lear@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, January 21, 2009 2:03 PM
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: David Meyer; routing-discussion@ietf.org; 
> int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESG as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 
> > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> > imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> > specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID
> > split and associated challenges open. That question deserves 
> > imho a specific discussion that should happen in the context 
> > of a BoF.   
> 
> I missed the part where anyone said that we should *exclusively* 
> concentrate on LISP.  Where/when did that happen?

All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively oriented toward
LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:

/Goals and Milestones:
/ 
/Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
/          Experimental.
/ 
/Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
/          Experimental.
/ 
/Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
/          for Experimental.
/
/June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
/ 	     of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
/ 
/June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
/          System to the IESG for Experimental.
/ 
/July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
/ 	     Experimental. 

thanks,
-dimitri.
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org On 1/21/09 2:12 PM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
> All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively oriented toward
> LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:
>    
Right.  This is a LISP WG.  There is nothing stopping anyone from 
creating another WG, assuming the work warrants it.  And again, the 
output is experimental docs.  No standardization choices are being made.

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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "Eliot Lear" <lear@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Eliot: 

Dave asked for opinions on usefulness to lead another BoF. Imho there is
a pending question that deserves discussion and a BoF is one of the
suitable mean to have such discussion and hopefully reach consensus. 

Your answer seems to state that the activities needed to address the
known Loc/ID split challenges would be lead outside LISP WG anyway ...
but this does not answer the initial question. 

Thanks,
-d.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eliot Lear [mailto:lear@cisco.com] 
> Sent: Wednesday, January 21, 2009 2:56 PM
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: David Meyer; routing-discussion@ietf.org; 
> int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESG as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> On 1/21/09 2:12 PM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
> > All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively 
> oriented toward
> > LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:
> >    
> Right.  This is a LISP WG. There is nothing stopping anyone from 
> creating another WG, assuming the work warrants it.  And again, the 
> output is experimental docs.  No standardization choices are 
> being made.
> 
> 
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From: Roque Gagliano <roque@lacnic.net>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] updated LISP WG charter
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David,

I wonder if any document should be published on the Management plane  
for LISP, I am not familiar with experimental documents but we can  
explore at least some management requirements.

roque


On Jan 20, 2009, at 2:26 PM, David Meyer wrote:

>
> 	Sorry about that, for some reason the updated version
> 	didn't make it into my last email. Here's the update.
>
> 	Dave
> --
>
>
> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
>
> Last Modified: 2009-01-20
>
> Chair(s):
> TBD
>
> Internet Area Director(s):
> TBD
>
> Routing Area Advisor:
> TBD
>
> Secretary(ies):
> TBD
>
> Mailing Lists:
> General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
>
> Description of Working Group:
>
> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
> mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
> assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
> the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
> working group).
>
> Goals and Milestones:
>
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>          Experimental.
>
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>          Experimental.
>
> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> 	  for Experimental.
>
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
> 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
>
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
> 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
>
> July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
> 	  Experimental.
>
> Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.
>
> Internet-Drafts:
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
> 	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
>
> Request For Comments:
> 	  None
>
>
> References
> ----------
> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
>
> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-09.txt.
>
> [2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> 	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
>
> [3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> 	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
>
> [4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> 	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-01.txt.
>
> [5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> 	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
>
> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> 	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">David,<div><br></div><div>I =
wonder if any document should be published on the Management plane for =
LISP, I am not familiar with experimental documents but we can explore =
at least some management =
requirements.</div><div><br></div><div>roque</div><div><br></div><div><br>=
<div><div>On Jan 20, 2009, at 2:26 PM, David Meyer wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div><br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Sorry about that, for some reason =
the updated version<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>didn't make it into my last =
email. Here's the update.<br><br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Dave<br>--<br><br><br>LISP =
(Locator/ID Separation Protocol)<br><br>Last Modified: =
2009-01-20<br><br>Chair(s):<br> TBD<br><br>Internet Area =
Director(s):<br> TBD<br><br>Routing Area Advisor:<br> =
TBD<br><br>Secretary(ies):<br> TBD<br><br>Mailing Lists:<br> General =
Discussion: <a =
href=3D"mailto:lisp@ietf.org">lisp@ietf.org</a><br><br>Description of =
Working Group:<br><br>LISP and companion documents (see below) are =
proposals that<br>respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's =
October, 2006<br>Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the =
BOF is to<br>form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work =
on the<br>design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping =
system<br>[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The =
working<br>group will encourage and support interoperable =
LISP<br>implementations as well as defining requirements for =
alternate<br>mapping systems. The Working Group may also create =
EID-prefix<br>assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security =
profiles for<br>the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the =
SIDR<br>working group).<br><br>Goals and Milestones:<br><br>Mar 2010 =
&nbsp;Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for<br> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Experimental.<br><br=
>Mar 2010 &nbsp;Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for<br> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Experimental.<br><br=
>Mar 2010 &nbsp;Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the =
IESG<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span> &nbsp;for Experimental.<br><br>June 2010 Submit Recommendations =
for Allocation and Routing<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span> &nbsp;of both EIDs and RLOCs to =
the IESG for Experimental.<br><br>June 2010 Submit Recommendations for =
Securing the LISP Mapping<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span> &nbsp;System to the IESG for =
Experimental.<br><br>July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to =
the IESG for<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span> &nbsp;Experimental. <br><br>Aug &nbsp;2010 &nbsp;Re-charter or =
close.<br><br>Internet-Drafts:<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt<br><br>Request For =
Comments:<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span> &nbsp;None<br><br><br>References<br>----------<br>[0] =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop =
on<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Routing and =
Addressing", RFC 4984.<br><br>[1] &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Farinacci, D. =
et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol<br> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(LISP)", =
draft-farinacci-lisp-09.txt.<br><br>[2]<span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP =
Alternative Topology<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>(LISP-ALT)", =
draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt<br><br>[3]<span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, =
"OpenLISP Implementation<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Report", =
draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.<br><br>[4]<span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Lewis, =
D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>IPv6", =
draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-01.txt.<br><br>[5]<span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Mathy, =
L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>identifiers onto locators", =
draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.<br><br>[6] =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. =
Venaas,<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>"LISP for Multicast Environments",<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =
&nbsp;<br>_______________________________________________<br>lisp =
mailing list<br><a href=3D"mailto:lisp@ietf.org">lisp@ietf.org</a><br><a =
href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp">https://www.ietf.org/m=
ailman/listinfo/lisp</a><br></div></blockquote></div><br></div></body></ht=
ml>=

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Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2009 08:17:45 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to	whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Dimitri,

> The task consisting in discovering by experimentation architectural fit
> (wrt initial objectives) and complement understanding wrt known
> challenges (mapping, caching, loc.reachability, impact on traffic
> spatio-temporal properties) is very different in nature than ensuring
> interoperability among protocols, minimize operational impact, and
> facilitate integration/deployability -> so requiring different type of
> efforts with different timelines. As a matter of fact, both types of
> activities are still required imho.=20
>=20
> So the question - that is not administrative - boils down imho to: can
> we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) specifics leaving the
> issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated challenges
> open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> happen in the context of a BoF.=20

	The purpose of this WG would be to take the *LISP*
	documents to EXPERIMENTAL. That is what I had in mind
	when I wrote the charter, and I believe that it is pretty
	clear on this point. That is not to say it the charter
	can't be further tightened (I'm sure it can).

	A you know, WGs need to be tightly focused, especially in
	the case of protocol groups. I'll grant you that my
	experience with WGs in the OPs area are somewhat more
	open-ended (at least mine have been), but it seems
	unlikely that an IETF WG could successfully produce both
	tight protocol specs and broad architectural surveys and
	analyzes. In fact, I can't think of a case in which this
	has been done in the IETF (perhaps there is one, but it
	doesn't readily come to mind). Add to that that LISP is
	clearly in an engineering and deployment phase, coupled
	with the fact that producing engineering specs what the
	IETF is good at (well, that is the IETF does), and one
	sees that finishing up the LISP specs in the IETF seems
	only natural.

	That said, it is a fine thing for the RRG to continue to
	do what its doing, and further, the document you've been
	describing on the RRG list should continue to progress
	(IMO of course). In fact, these activities are completely
	complementary. So keep up the good work.

	Just one point on your argument:

> So the question - that is not administrative - boils down imho to: can
> we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) specifics leaving the
> issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated challenges
> open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> happen in the context of a BoF.=20

	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
	been or are being standardized.

	So my question to you is:

	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
		a ton of literature on loc/id split).

	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
		should have been chartered, the question is why
		(again, given your argument above)?=20


	Note that I'm not taking a stand on this either
	way. Rather, I'm just following the logic of your
	argument.=20

	Dave




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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Roque Gagliano <roque@lacnic.net>
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	HEy Roque,

> I wonder if any document should be published on the Management plane for=
=20
> LISP, I am not familiar with experimental documents but we can explore at=
=20
> least some management requirements.

	Sure. Are you interested in authoring/co-authoring such a
	document? That would be great if so.

	Dave

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Subject: Re: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG on whether a WG forming	BOF is necessary
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Roque

> Given the target (a WG to produce experimental specificaitons) I can see
> no benefit in an additional BoF.
>
> Joel
>
> David Meyer wrote:
>> 	Folks,
>>
>> 	I'm being asked (by the IESG) whether people believe
>> 	that we can go directly to our first WG meeting at the
>> 	next IETF or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
>>
>> 	Here are the current facts on the ground:
>>
>> 	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
>> 	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
>> 	o Significant global deployment is underway
>> 	o We have 2 or more implementations
>> 	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)
>>
>> 	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
>>
>> 	 "Should a WG be formed following the draft agenda
>> 	 (below), or should we have another BOF?"
>>
>> 	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
>> 	close on these administrative issues.
>>
>> 	Thanks,
>>
>> 	Dave
>> --
>>
>> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
>>
>> Last Modified: 2009-01-20
>>
>> Chair(s):
>>  TBD
>>
>> Internet Area Director(s):
>>  TBD
>>
>> Routing Area Advisor:
>>  TBD
>>
>> Secretary(ies):
>>  TBD
>>
>> Mailing Lists:
>>  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
>>
>> Description of Working Group:
>>
>> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
>> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
>> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
>> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
>> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
>> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
>> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
>> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
>> mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
>> assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
>> the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
>> working group).
>>
>> Goals and Milestones:
>>
>> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>>           Experimental.
>>
>> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>>           Experimental.
>>
>> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
>> 	  for Experimental.
>>
>> Mar 2010  Re-charter or close.
>>
>> Internet-Drafts:
>> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
>> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
>> 	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
>> 	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
>>
>> Request For Comments:
>> 	  None
>>
>>
>> References
>> ----------
>> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>>         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
>>
>> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>>         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
>>
>> [2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
>> 	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
>>
>> [3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
>> 	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
>>
>> [4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
>> 	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
>>
>> [5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
>> 	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
>>
>> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
>> 	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
>> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.
>>
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> lisp mailing list
>> lisp@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
>


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From: Brian E Carpenter <brian.e.carpenter@gmail.com>
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To: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a	WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dave,

Can you give a little more background on these two points,
for those who aren't following things that closely:

> 	o Significant global deployment is underway
> 	o We have 2 (or more) implementations

What's the nature of the deployment, and am I correct
in thinking that only one of the implementations is from
a core router vendor?

Those questions being asked and answered, I don't personally
see that another BOF is called for. The IESG just has to make its
normal assessment of whether the support is broad enough.

Thanks

     Brian
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Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2009 00:15:16 +0200
From: "Soininen, Jonne (NSN - FI/Espoo)" <jonne.soininen@nsn.com>
To: ext David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>, <int-area@ietf.org>
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Thread-Topic: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Hi,

I am sorry if I'm a bit lost here. Perhaps I just haven't paid enough
attention. Did the RRG conclude and decide to take LISP or is this a
parallel activity? 

If this is a parallel activity what is the intended connection to the RRG
work?

Sorry for the perhaps simple questions and thanks for the answers in
advance!

Cheers,

Jonne.


On 1/20/09 9:07 PM, "ext David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net> wrote:

> 
> Folks,
> 
> The IESG would like to know whether people believe that
> we can go directly to our first LISP WG meeting at the
> next IETF, or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
> 
> Here are the current facts on the ground:
> 
> o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
> o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
> o Significant global deployment is underway
> o We have 2 (or more) implementations
> o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)
> 
> The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
> "Should a WG be formed based on the draft agenda
> (see below), or should we have another BOF?"
> 
> Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
> close on these administrative issues.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Dave
> --
> 
> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
> 
> Last Modified: 2009-01-20
> 
> Chair(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Internet Area Director(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Routing Area Advisor:
>  TBD
> 
> Secretary(ies):
>  TBD
>  
> Mailing Lists:
>  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
> 
> Description of Working Group:
> 
> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
> mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
> assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
> the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
> working group).
> 
> Goals and Milestones:
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
>  for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
>  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
>  System to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
>  Experimental. 
> 
> Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.
> 
> Internet-Drafts:
> draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
> draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
> 
> Request For Comments:
>  None
> 
> 
> References
> ----------
> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
> 
> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
> 
> [2] Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> (LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 
> [3] Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
> 
> [4] Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
> 
> [5] Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
> 
> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> "LISP for Multicast Environments",
> draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Int-area mailing list
> Int-area@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area

-- 
Jonne Soininen
Nokia Siemens Networks

Tel: +358 40 527 46 34
E-mail: jonne.soininen@nsn.com


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Thread-Topic: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>, <int-area@ietf.org>
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dave,

The task consisting in discovering by experimentation architectural fit
(wrt initial objectives) and complement understanding wrt known
challenges (mapping, caching, loc.reachability, impact on traffic
spatio-temporal properties) is very different in nature than ensuring
interoperability among protocols, minimize operational impact, and
facilitate integration/deployability -> so requiring different type of
efforts with different timelines. As a matter of fact, both types of
activities are still required imho. 

So the question - that is not administrative - boils down imho to: can
we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) specifics leaving the
issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated challenges
open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
happen in the context of a BoF. 

Thanks,
-dimitri.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: int-area-bounces@ietf.org 
> [mailto:int-area-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of David Meyer
> Sent: Tuesday, January 20, 2009 8:08 PM
> To: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org
> Cc: lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG 
> as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 
> 	Folks,
> 
> 	The IESG would like to know whether people believe that
> 	we can go directly to our first LISP WG meeting at the
> 	next IETF, or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
> 
> 	Here are the current facts on the ground:
> 
> 	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
> 	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
> 	o Significant global deployment is underway
> 	o We have 2 (or more) implementations
> 	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)
> 
> 	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
> 	 "Should a WG be formed based on the draft agenda
> 	 (see below), or should we have another BOF?"
> 
> 	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
> 	close on these administrative issues. 
> 
> 	Thanks,
> 
> 	Dave
> --
> 
> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
> 
> Last Modified: 2009-01-20
> 
> Chair(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Internet Area Director(s):
>  TBD
> 
> Routing Area Advisor:
>  TBD
> 
> Secretary(ies):
>  TBD
>  
> Mailing Lists:
>  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
> 
> Description of Working Group:
> 
> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
> mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
> assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
> the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
> working group).
> 
> Goals and Milestones:
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> 	  for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
> 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
> 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
> 	  Experimental. 
> 
> Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.
> 
> Internet-Drafts:
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
> 	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
> 
> Request For Comments:
> 	  None
> 
> 
> References
> ----------
> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
> 
> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
> 
> [2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> 	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> 
> [3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> 	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
> 
> [4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> 	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
> 
> [5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> 	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
> 
> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> 	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
> 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.  
> 
> 
_______________________________________________
lisp mailing list
lisp@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Jan 21 08:21:31 2009
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From: <gregory.cauchie@orange-ftgroup.com>
To: <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>, <dmm@1-4-5.net>, <routing-discussion@ietf.org>, <int-area@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whetheraWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Hi floks,

I support Dimitri's position.

Furthermore, sorry in case I missed it but I would really like to have an a=
nswer on Jonne's point regarding RRG conclusions and decisions regarding LI=
SP. I would guess that the answer will have links to the points raised by D=
imitri and which, IINM, were the controversial part of the last explisp BOF.

--
Greg

> -----Message d'origine-----
> De : routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org =

> [mailto:routing-discussion-bounces@ietf.org] De la part de =

> PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Envoy=E9 : mercredi 21 janvier 2009 11:55
> =C0 : David Meyer; routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org
> Cc : lisp@ietf.org
> Objet : RE: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the =

> IESG as to whetheraWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> =

> Dave,
> =

> The task consisting in discovering by experimentation =

> architectural fit (wrt initial objectives) and complement =

> understanding wrt known challenges (mapping, caching, =

> loc.reachability, impact on traffic spatio-temporal =

> properties) is very different in nature than ensuring =

> interoperability among protocols, minimize operational =

> impact, and facilitate integration/deployability -> so =

> requiring different type of efforts with different timelines. =

> As a matter of fact, both types of activities are still =

> required imho. =

> =

> So the question - that is not administrative - boils down =

> imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP =

> protocol(s) specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on =

> the Loc/ID split and associated challenges open. That =

> question deserves imho a specific discussion that should =

> happen in the context of a BoF. =

> =

> Thanks,
> -dimitri.
> =

> =

> =

> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: int-area-bounces@ietf.org
> > [mailto:int-area-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of David Meyer
> > Sent: Tuesday, January 20, 2009 8:08 PM
> > To: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org
> > Cc: lisp@ietf.org
> > Subject: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to =

> > whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> > =

> > =

> > 	Folks,
> > =

> > 	The IESG would like to know whether people believe that
> > 	we can go directly to our first LISP WG meeting at the
> > 	next IETF, or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
> > =

> > 	Here are the current facts on the ground:
> > =

> > 	o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
> > 	o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
> > 	o Significant global deployment is underway
> > 	o We have 2 (or more) implementations
> > 	o We have been discussing a draft charter (see update below)
> > =

> > 	The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
> > 	 "Should a WG be formed based on the draft agenda
> > 	 (see below), or should we have another BOF?"
> > =

> > 	Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
> > 	close on these administrative issues. =

> > =

> > 	Thanks,
> > =

> > 	Dave
> > --
> > =

> > LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
> > =

> > Last Modified: 2009-01-20
> > =

> > Chair(s):
> >  TBD
> > =

> > Internet Area Director(s):
> >  TBD
> > =

> > Routing Area Advisor:
> >  TBD
> > =

> > Secretary(ies):
> >  TBD
> >  =

> > Mailing Lists:
> >  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
> > =

> > Description of Working Group:
> > =

> > LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that =

> respond to =

> > the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006 Routing and =

> > Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to form =

> a working =

> > group whose charter (see below) is to work on the design on =

> the LISP =

> > base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system [2], LISP =

> Interworking =

> > [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working group will encourage and =

> > support interoperable LISP implementations as well as defining =

> > requirements for alternate mapping systems. The Working =

> Group may also =

> > create EID-prefix assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well =

> as security =

> > profiles for the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the =

> > SIDR working group).
> > =

> > Goals and Milestones:
> > =

> > Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
> >           Experimental.
> > =

> > Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
> >           Experimental.
> > =

> > Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> > 	  for Experimental.
> > =

> > June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
> > 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> > =

> > June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
> > 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
> > =

> > July 2010 Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
> > 	  Experimental. =

> > =

> > Aug  2010  Re-charter or close.
> > =

> > Internet-Drafts:
> > 	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
> > 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
> > 	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> > 	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
> > =

> > Request For Comments:
> > 	  None
> > =

> > =

> > References
> > ----------
> > [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
> >         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
> > =

> > [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
> >         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
> > =

> > [2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
> > 	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
> > =

> > [3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
> > 	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
> > =

> > [4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
> > 	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
> > =

> > [5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
> > 	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
> > =

> > [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
> > 	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
> > 	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt.  =

> > =

> > =

> _______________________________________________
> routing-discussion mailing list
> routing-discussion@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/routing-discussion
> =

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From: Ross Callon <rcallon@juniper.net>
To: "Eliot Lear" <lear@cisco.com>, "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>, "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org In order to make an ID/Loc split work on an Internet-wide ubiquitous
scale, we need very good solutions and/or greater understanding to some
hard questions such as what will be the granularity of the mapping
function (how large will the mapping table be and what granularity of
prefix will be in it), how to do the mapping, how to do liveness
detection, what the scaling properties of the mapping and liveness
detection functions is likely to be, and what the manageability,
security, and robustness implications are. I guess that while we are at
it we need to figure out if there are other issues, such as MTU, that
need consideration. 

If you want to do experimentation on a moderate scale, then answers to
these questions are not strictly needed. 

I didn't see any of these "hard issues" explicitly mentioned in the
proposed charter (although there is mention of "the LISP+ALT mapping
system"). Is this because the effort is intended to be focused on the
shorter term experimentation efforts (including experimental protocol
specs that allow the immediate experiments to occur), for which these
hard issues do not need to be answered? 

Thanks, Ross

-----Original Message-----
From: lisp-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:lisp-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Eliot Lear
Sent: 21 January 2009 08:56
To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
Cc: int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org; routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG
as to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP

On 1/21/09 2:12 PM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
> All items in the charter - see below - are exclusively oriented toward
> LISP protocols implementation specifics, and interworking:
>    
Right.  This is a LISP WG.  There is nothing stopping anyone from 
creating another WG, assuming the work warrants it.  And again, the 
output is experimental docs.  No standardization choices are being made.

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Cc: Eduardo Grampin <grampin@fing.edu.uy>, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] updated LISP WG charter
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On Jan 21, 2009, at 2:18 PM, David Meyer wrote:

> 	HEy Roque,
>
>> I wonder if any document should be published on the Management  
>> plane for
>> LISP, I am not familiar with experimental documents but we can  
>> explore at
>> least some management requirements.
>
> 	Sure. Are you interested in authoring/co-authoring such a
> 	document? That would be great if so.
>

Yes, I believe Eduardo and I can work on this document.

Roque

> 	Dave

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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Cc: Eduardo Grampin <grampin@fing.edu.uy>, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] updated LISP WG charter
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>>> I wonder if any document should be published on the Management plane=20
>>> for
>>> LISP, I am not familiar with experimental documents but we can =20
>>> explore at
>>> least some management requirements.
>>
>> 	Sure. Are you interested in authoring/co-authoring such a
>> 	document? That would be great if so.
>>
>
> Yes, I believe Eduardo and I can work on this document.

	Awesome guys. Let's talk next week at NANOG, ok?

	Dave

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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Wed Jan 21 10:17:22 2009
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Joe Touch <touch@ISI.EDU>
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Cc: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org, int-area@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as	to whether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Joe,

> A note on these issues might be useful to include in the LISP documents
> under 'deployment considerations' or 'open issues'.

	Completely reasonable.

	Dave

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Thread-Topic: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dave:
 
> > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> > imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> > specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID 
> > split and associated challenges open. That question deserves 
> > imho a specific discussion that should happen in the context 
> > of a BoF. 
> 
> 	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
> 	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
> 	been or are being standardized.
> 
> 	So my question to you is:
> 
> 	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
> 		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
> 		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
> 		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
> 		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
> 		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
> 		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
> 		a ton of literature on loc/id split).
>
> 	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
> 		should have been chartered, the question is why
> 		(again, given your argument above)? 

Applying that approach (SCTP had foundations coming from outside IETF)
may work with relatively simpler problems/protocols. The level of
complexity of the task to reach a certain objective drives the approach.

In the present case, some of the main challenges are known beforehand
and they are certainly not limited yet to protocol implementation
specific aspects. One may certainly initiate a cycle of experiments
using experimental protocol specs together with a specific set of
eval.objective and criteria. This said, the approach in spiral
(LISPv1->experiment->analysis->LISPv2->  ...) works iff
proto-development takes these elements into account (otherwise any
experimentation is hardly useful as it will not deliver the expected
outcomes in order to make real progress) and outcomes/analysis are
documented accordingly before moving to the next iteration. 

Here, the problem in understanding stems because: LISP WG focus on
experimental specification to resolve only protocol engineering problems
leaving actual challenges outside of its own protocol work but at the
same time acknowledges that such experimentation are complementary to
achieve real progress on its own protocols. However, at this point in
time, I do not see how the protocol engineering problem can be decoupled
from the purpose of the experimental effort in spiral.

Hope this clarifies my concern,
-dimitri.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Meyer [mailto:dmm@1-4-5.net] 
> Sent: Wednesday, January 21, 2009 5:18 PM
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESG as towhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 	Dimitri,
> 
> > The task consisting in discovering by experimentation 
> architectural fit
> > (wrt initial objectives) and complement understanding wrt known
> > challenges (mapping, caching, loc.reachability, impact on traffic
> > spatio-temporal properties) is very different in nature 
> than ensuring
> > interoperability among protocols, minimize operational impact, and
> > facilitate integration/deployability -> so requiring 
> different type of
> > efforts with different timelines. As a matter of fact, both types of
> > activities are still required imho. 
> > 
> > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> imho to: can
> > we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> specifics leaving the
> > issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated 
> challenges
> > open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> > happen in the context of a BoF. 
> 
> 	The purpose of this WG would be to take the *LISP*
> 	documents to EXPERIMENTAL. That is what I had in mind
> 	when I wrote the charter, and I believe that it is pretty
> 	clear on this point. That is not to say it the charter
> 	can't be further tightened (I'm sure it can).
> 
> 	A you know, WGs need to be tightly focused, especially in
> 	the case of protocol groups. I'll grant you that my
> 	experience with WGs in the OPs area are somewhat more
> 	open-ended (at least mine have been), but it seems
> 	unlikely that an IETF WG could successfully produce both
> 	tight protocol specs and broad architectural surveys and
> 	analyzes. In fact, I can't think of a case in which this
> 	has been done in the IETF (perhaps there is one, but it
> 	doesn't readily come to mind). Add to that that LISP is
> 	clearly in an engineering and deployment phase, coupled
> 	with the fact that producing engineering specs what the
> 	IETF is good at (well, that is the IETF does), and one
> 	sees that finishing up the LISP specs in the IETF seems
> 	only natural.
> 
> 	That said, it is a fine thing for the RRG to continue to
> 	do what its doing, and further, the document you've been
> 	describing on the RRG list should continue to progress
> 	(IMO of course). In fact, these activities are completely
> 	complementary. So keep up the good work.
> 
> 	Just one point on your argument:
> 
> > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> imho to: can
> > we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> specifics leaving the
> > issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID split and associated 
> challenges
> > open. That question deserves imho a specific discussion that should
> > happen in the context of a BoF. 
> 
> 	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
> 	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
> 	been or are being standardized.
> 
> 	So my question to you is:
> 
> 	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
> 		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
> 		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
> 		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
> 		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
> 		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
> 		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
> 		a ton of literature on loc/id split).
> 
> 	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
> 		should have been chartered, the question is why
> 		(again, given your argument above)? 
> 
> 
> 	Note that I'm not taking a stand on this either
> 	way. Rather, I'm just following the logic of your
> 	argument. 
> 
> 	Dave
> 
> 
> 
> 
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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as	towhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Dimitri,

> > > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down=20
> > > imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s)=20
> > > specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID=20
> > > split and associated challenges open. That question deserves=20
> > > imho a specific discussion that should happen in the context=20
> > > of a BoF.=20
> >=20
> > 	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
> > 	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
> > 	been or are being standardized.
> >=20
> > 	So my question to you is:
> >=20
> > 	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
> > 		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
> > 		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
> > 		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
> > 		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
> > 		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
> > 		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
> > 		a ton of literature on loc/id split).
> >
> > 	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
> > 		should have been chartered, the question is why
> > 		(again, given your argument above)?=20
>=20
> Applying that approach (SCTP had foundations coming from outside IETF)
> may work with relatively simpler problems/protocols. The level of
> complexity of the task to reach a certain objective drives the approach.

	Agreed that its complex, though you dismiss SCTP without
	explanation. In addition, I don't see the relevance of
	SCTP coming from outside the IETF. In any event, you
	might make the same claim for LISP (that its coming from
	outside the IETF).
=09
> In the present case, some of the main challenges are known beforehand
> and they are certainly not limited yet to protocol implementation
> specific aspects. One may certainly initiate a cycle of experiments
> using experimental protocol specs together with a specific set of
> eval.objective and criteria. This said, the approach in spiral
> (LISPv1->experiment->analysis->LISPv2->  ...) works iff
> proto-development takes these elements into account (otherwise any
> experimentation is hardly useful as it will not deliver the expected
> outcomes in order to make real progress) and outcomes/analysis are
> documented accordingly before moving to the next iteration.=20
>
> Here, the problem in understanding stems because: LISP WG focus on
> experimental specification to resolve only protocol engineering problems
> leaving actual challenges outside of its own protocol work but at the
> same time acknowledges that such experimentation are complementary to
> achieve real progress on its own protocols. However, at this point in
> time, I do not see how the protocol engineering problem can be decoupled
> from the purpose of the experimental effort in spiral.
>=20
> Hope this clarifies my concern,

	Not really. First, you didn't answer my question. Second,
	what you are arguing can be applied to say, OSPF (v1-n),
	EGP->BGP, ..... Essentially any protocol that has ever
	been rev'ed.

	Just to be clear: I understand the concern to further
	understand the properties of loc/id split. If fact, to
	the best of my knowledge no one in the current RRG cycle
	has written about this except for me and Darrel
	(draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt). That, however,
	shouldn't stop us from developing protocols. If it did,
	we'd never develop any protocol (since obviously the set
	of such questions is clearly *not* recursively
	enumerable).=20

	Finally, what happens if the properties you want to study
	are in some sense "emergent" (e.g., the Internet's
	heavy-tailed robustness-complexity curve). The point here
	is that you won't see those properties until you have a
	system to study, so in our case (the Internet) the
	approach you are advocating would not have revealed the
	deepest and most fundamental (and hence most interesting)
	properties of "the architecture" (check out=20
	http://www.cds.caltech.edu/~doyle/SFI_robustness/rigor_robust.htm
	or any of Doyle's work on this topic).

	Dave

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From: Olivier Bonaventure <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dave,

> 
> Goals and Milestones:
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.
> 
> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>           Experimental.

I don't think that we should restrict the mapping discussion to ALT even
if ALT is the only deployed solution today.

> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> 	  for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
> 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
> 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.

I think that the discussion on Securing the LISP Mapping System should
be finished before the finalisation of any mapping proposal. This
discussion is likely to define a set of requirements to be met by
mapping systems.


Olivier
-- 
http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be , UCLouvain, Belgium
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Subject: Re: [lisp] updated LISP WG charter
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Excerpts from Olivier Bonaventure on Wed, Jan 21, 2009 09:55:03PM +0100:
> Dave,
> 
> > 
> > Goals and Milestones:
> > 
> > Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
> >           Experimental.
> > 
> > Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
> >           Experimental.
> 
> I don't think that we should restrict the mapping discussion to ALT even
> if ALT is the only deployed solution today.
> 
> > Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> > 	  for Experimental.
> > 
> > June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
> > 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> > 
> > June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
> > 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
> 
> I think that the discussion on Securing the LISP Mapping System should
> be finished before the finalisation of any mapping proposal. This
> discussion is likely to define a set of requirements to be met by
> mapping systems.

The mapping system spec will have a security considerations section
already.  I guess this draft will be a more in-depth exploration of
the mechanisms laid out in the mapping system spec?
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In the current LISP specification, two mapping messages are defined :

- Map-Request that allows to request the set of RLOCs corresponding to a
given EID
- Map-Reply that provides the mapping between an EID block and a set of
RLOCs

These two messages basically assume that the mapping database is built
by means that are outside of the LISP protocols (e.g. manual
configuration). I think that we should add a third message to add or
update entries in the mapping databases :

- Map-Update : this message is used when an entity needs to add a new
mapping in the database or update an existing entry in the mapping
database. There should, of course, be a way to authenticate the sender
of the mapping update

These Map-Update messages would be useful in different scenarios :
- an xTR needs to change its RLOC
- an xTR is being shutdown or will be shutdown in some time and need to
force a removal of the corresponding mapping entry
- load-balanced xTR are overloaded and their weight needs to be updated
- ...

I think that there would be other usages of such Map-Update messages.


Olivier


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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Olivier Bonaventure <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>
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	Olivier,

> > Goals and Milestones:
> >=20
> > Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
> >           Experimental.
> >=20
> > Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
> >           Experimental.
>=20
> I don't think that we should restrict the mapping discussion to ALT even
> if ALT is the only deployed solution today.

	I understand your point (LISP is modular in the mapping
	system). However, I was writing milestones here, so this
	one needs to stay.=20

	So do you want to add another milestone around mapping
	systems, and if so, send some text of what you have in
	mind and we can work on that.

> > Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
> > 	  for Experimental.
> >=20
> > June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
> > 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
> >=20
> > June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
> > 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
>=20
> I think that the discussion on Securing the LISP Mapping System should
> be finished before the finalisation of any mapping proposal. This
> discussion is likely to define a set of requirements to be met by
> mapping systems.

	In general, yes. In the particular case of ALT, we will
	do whatever SIDR does. However, we do not want to gate
	progress on ALT by whatever is being done SIDR. So maybe
	we can have the ALT draft be self-contained (all this
	stuff about SIDR could go in a Security Considerations
	section in the ALT document), and whoever writing the
	Recommendations Draft can also point at that. Does that
	make sense?

	Dave


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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org David:

> > > > So the question - that is not administrative - boils down 
> > > > imho to: can we exclusively concentrate on the LISP protocol(s) 
> > > > specifics leaving the issue of our confidence on the Loc/ID 
> > > > split and associated challenges open. That question deserves 
> > > > imho a specific discussion that should happen in the context 
> > > > of a BoF. 
> > > 
> > > 	It would seem that one could apply the same argument to
> > > 	SHIM6, HIP, SCTP, and several other protocols that have
> > > 	been or are being standardized.
> > > 
> > > 	So my question to you is:
> > > 
> > > 	(i).	Given your argument above, do you believe that
> > > 		say, the SHIM6 WG should not have been chartered
> > > 		(or perhaps that the SIGTRAN WG, which produced
> > > 		RFCs 4960 and 3286) should not have been
> > > 		chartered?  Clearly they did not have such an
> > > 		analysis, or we wouldn't be talking about doing
> > > 		it now (and again, that is not to say there isn't
> > > 		a ton of literature on loc/id split).
> > >
> > > 	(ii).	If on the other hand you believe that, say SHIM6
> > > 		should have been chartered, the question is why
> > > 		(again, given your argument above)? 
> > 
> > Applying that approach (SCTP had foundations coming from 
> outside IETF)
> > may work with relatively simpler problems/protocols. The level of
> > complexity of the task to reach a certain objective drives 
> the approach.
>
> 	Agreed that its complex, though you dismiss SCTP without
> 	explanation. 

I mean for SCTP the base work was already done when protocol was
translated in the IP world. SCTP follows the path described by D.Thaler
in the IAB doc. "What Makes For a Successful Protocol?"
 
>     In addition, I don't see the relevance of
> 	SCTP coming from outside the IETF. In any event, you
> 	might make the same claim for LISP (that its coming from
> 	outside the IETF).
>
> > In the present case, some of the main challenges are known 
> beforehand
> > and they are certainly not limited yet to protocol implementation
> > specific aspects. One may certainly initiate a cycle of experiments
> > using experimental protocol specs together with a specific set of
> > eval.objective and criteria. This said, the approach in spiral
> > (LISPv1->experiment->analysis->LISPv2->  ...) works iff
> > proto-development takes these elements into account (otherwise any
> > experimentation is hardly useful as it will not deliver the expected
> > outcomes in order to make real progress) and outcomes/analysis are
> > documented accordingly before moving to the next iteration. 
> >
> > Here, the problem in understanding stems because: LISP WG focus on
> > experimental specification to resolve only protocol 
> engineering problems
> > leaving actual challenges outside of its own protocol work 
> but at the
> > same time acknowledges that such experimentation are 
> complementary to
> > achieve real progress on its own protocols. However, at 
> this point in
> > time, I do not see how the protocol engineering problem can 
> be decoupled
> > from the purpose of the experimental effort in spiral.
> > 
> > Hope this clarifies my concern,
> 
> 	Not really. First, you didn't answer my question. 

Your question is: does one size (of approach) fits all and the answer is
no. Indeed, these situations can not be compared (SHIM6 is a WG whereas
HIP is a WG and a RG) but none did intend to address the Internet
routing system scalability. If my answer yes they should have been
chartered it does not provide any element for answering the present
question.

>     Second,
> 	what you are arguing can be applied to say, OSPF (v1-n),
> 	EGP->BGP, ..... Essentially any protocol that has ever
> 	been rev'ed.

Indeed. This is what i had in mind as example but there is a main
difference: BGPv1 has been released in 1989 and progressed together with
the growth of the Internet until reaching BGPv4. The
conditions/environment is thus different but one thing remains multiple
iterations will be needed.

> 	Just to be clear: I understand the concern to further
> 	understand the properties of loc/id split. If fact, to
> 	the best of my knowledge no one in the current RRG cycle
> 	has written about this except for me and Darrel
> 	(draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.txt). That, however,
> 	shouldn't stop us from developing protocols. If it did,
> 	we'd never develop any protocol (since obviously the set
> 	of such questions is clearly *not* recursively
> 	enumerable). 

Work on cache-based mapping is ongoing, and there is still open work for
mapping system itself (any reason for instance why you consider ALT as
the only mapping distribution technique ?) to a name a few whereas there
is no outcome yet for what it concerns impact on spatio-temporal traffic
properties. All these "uncertainties" are left outside the design space
- at least as the charter translates it -   

> 	Finally, what happens if the properties you want to study
> 	are in some sense "emergent" (e.g., the Internet's
> 	heavy-tailed robustness-complexity curve). The point here
> 	is that you won't see those properties until you have a
> 	system to study, so in our case (the Internet) the
> 	approach you are advocating would not have revealed the
> 	deepest and most fundamental (and hence most interesting)
> 	properties of "the architecture" (check out 
> 	
> http://www.cds.caltech.edu/~doyle/SFI_robustness/rigor_robust.htm
> 	or any of Doyle's work on this topic).

Uncertainties are intrinsically part of the experimental work: this
reference states "robust to known and designed-for uncertainties".
Paraphrasing that statement it seems the LISP charter does not leave
room for addressing uncertainties (e.g. mapping system consider only ALT
so only ALT could be experimented) - a BoF session should clarify why
this is the case -

Thanks,
-dimitri.

> 	Dave
> 
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhether	aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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	Hey Dimitri,

> Uncertainties are intrinsically part of the experimental work: this
> reference states "robust to known and designed-for uncertainties".

	Right, this is RYF (Robust Yet Fragile) behavior...see
	the second Eugene NANOG t-shirt (the black one) :-)=20

> Paraphrasing that statement it seems the LISP charter does not leave
> room for addressing uncertainties (e.g. mapping system consider only ALT
> so only ALT could be experimented) - a BoF session should clarify why
> this is the case -

	Not sure I follow. Of course we want to wind up with a
	solid ALT spec, but the charter states that "The working
	group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
	implementations as well as defining requirements for
	alternate mapping systems." IMO this admits the
	specification for other mapping systems. Good ideas
	always welcome.

	In any event, Brian really summed it up quite nicely:
=20
          ... =20
	  But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea
	  that a BOF could resolve in a couple of hours the
	  issues that the RRG has been discussing since early
	  2007 seems unlikely.


	Dave



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Thread-Topic: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhetheraWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhetheraWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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David:

> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Meyer [mailto:dmm@1-4-5.net] 
> Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2009 1:02 AM
> To: PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri
> Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org; int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESG astowhetheraWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> 	Hey Dimitri,
> 
> > Uncertainties are intrinsically part of the experimental work: this
> > reference states "robust to known and designed-for uncertainties".
> 
> 	Right, this is RYF (Robust Yet Fragile) behavior...see
> 	the second Eugene NANOG t-shirt (the black one) :-) 
>
> > Paraphrasing that statement it seems the LISP charter does not leave
> > room for addressing uncertainties (e.g. mapping system 
> consider only ALT
> > so only ALT could be experimented) - a BoF session should 
> clarify why
> > this is the case -
> 
> 	Not sure I follow. Of course we want to wind up with a
> 	solid ALT spec, but the charter states that "The working
> 	group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
> 	implementations as well as defining requirements for
> 	alternate mapping systems." IMO this admits the
> 	specification for other mapping systems. Good ideas
> 	always welcome.
>
> 	In any event, Brian really summed it up quite nicely:
>  
>           ...  
> 	  But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea
> 	  that a BOF could resolve in a couple of hours the
> 	  issues that the RRG has been discussing since early
> 	  2007 seems unlikely.

No one stated that the BoF will resolve the issues/challenges themselves
- a BoF is the place to discuss what the charter can include as work
items to achieve objectives (that are not limited to the design of the
protocol specifics). 

These items are centered around the initial design goals that lead to
this effort and how LISP after experimental work will address them. I
suggest to have at least an item in the LISP charter that takes the RRG
design goals as outline and for each of the goals documents how LISP
protocol addresses them.

Thanks,
-dimitri.


  



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From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhetheraWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Can people _please_ trim the CC lists to just "int-area@ietf.org", please?
Getting three copies is painful, but when some people aren't on some of the
lists, and their responses are delayed until the moderator approves them, and
so the they show up separated by hours, it gets very confusing.  Thanks.

	Noel
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Subject: Re: [lisp] The case for Map-Updates
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org > In the current LISP specification, two mapping messages are defined :
>
> - Map-Request that allows to request the set of RLOCs corresponding  
> to a
> given EID
> - Map-Reply that provides the mapping between an EID block and a set  
> of
> RLOCs
>
> These two messages basically assume that the mapping database is built
> by means that are outside of the LISP protocols (e.g. manual
> configuration). I think that we should add a third message to add or
> update entries in the mapping databases :
>
> - Map-Update : this message is used when an entity needs to add a new
> mapping in the database or update an existing entry in the mapping
> database. There should, of course, be a way to authenticate the sender
> of the mapping update

The mapping database are distributed. It is not centralized. When a  
site becomes a LISP site, the new EID-to-RLOC mapping is configured in  
the ETRs that reside at the site.

So I don't know who would send the Map-Update and who would receive it.

If this model changes because there is a different mapping database  
employed, then the message can be introduced at that time.

> These Map-Update messages would be useful in different scenarios :
> - an xTR needs to change its RLOC

We have Solicit-Map-Requests that do that.

> - an xTR is being shutdown or will be shutdown in some time and need  
> to
> force a removal of the corresponding mapping entry

Today, the xTR can just go away. In fact, mappings that are cached by  
remote ITRs need to stay in tack because there are other xTRs at the  
site which are being used. The loc-reach-bit for the xTR coming out of  
service can be set to 0 immediately until the time an SMR is sent to  
remove the RLOC from the mapping.

> - load-balanced xTR are overloaded and their weight needs to be  
> updated

SMRs do this too. Or you can source-quench the source by advertising  
the RLOC as unreachable for a short period of time. There are already  
simple mechanisms in place that seem to work well.

Dino

> I think that there would be other usages of such Map-Update messages.
>
>
> Olivier
>
>
> -- 
> http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be , UCLouvain, Belgium
> _______________________________________________
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG	astowhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org On 1/22/09 12:48 AM, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri wrote:
>
> Your question is: does one size (of approach) fits all and the answer is
> no. Indeed, these situations can not be compared (SHIM6 is a WG whereas
> HIP is a WG and a RG) but none did intend to address the Internet
> routing system scalability.

It's not entirely so.  The routing system was clearly in peoples' minds 
when HIP was in its early stages.  Bob Moskowitz was involved in the 
Name Space Research Group (NSRG) back when it existed, and as a co-chair 
of that group I was asked to comment on the chartering on both HIP 
groups.  The NSRG looked at HIP in the light of route scalability.  This 
was one reason that Mike O'Dell (author of 8+8) was interested.

Was there was any alternative propose to HIP at the host level as a 
layer 3.5 mechanism?   That is really where SHIM6 comes in, which as I 
recall was an outgrowth of MULTI6 and Tony Li's early proposal on NOID.  
Bob Braden, John Wrocklawski (?), et al argued at one point (and I'm 
sorry I don't have the cite) that we have all the names we need in the 
IP stack.  Both NOID and SHIM6 were, at least in part, evolutions on 
that notion, and a nameless (stack-wise) alternative to HIP.

And so while I agree with your high level point that one size does not 
fit all, I would say that the policy here as I understand it from Jari 
is simply that he will not favor one proposal over another and he will 
not short circuit the RRG process, while at the same time he will 
provide a venue for work where there is sufficient interest to mature 
the specifications through community involvement.

Eliot
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Cc: lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org >>> 1- What are the types of failures that we consider and want to be  
>>> able
>>> to detect :
>>>
>>> a. Failure of an ETR
>>>
>>> b. Failure of (one of the link) directly attached to an ETR to its
>>> provider
>>
>> These are covered by the loc-reach-bits and have been in the LISP  
>> spec
>> for quite a long time. I think dating back to the -02 draft.
>
> There are some issues with loc-reach-bits that are part of the LISP  
> spec :
> - The support for more than 31 locators is cumbersome (maybe 31
> locoators is sufficient for most deployments, including experimental
> ones, but I don't think that it's future proof)

That was removed in -11.

> - They assume that there is an ordering among the ETRs such that each
> ETR knows the position of all other ETRs in the loc-reach bits. This

That's the price of compression. And it's not that bad. See Luigi for  
my reasons. I have commented on other designs about this matter.

> ordering should be preserved everytime an ETR is added or removed to
> serve a given EID prefix and the ordering must remain consistent among
> all ETRs that serve each EID prefix. This issue has not been discussed
> in details until now.

Yes, but RLOCs are not going to change much. If we want to the total  
system to scale we have to keep the update rate low-enough. So we  
don't need heavy-weight solution. Please have a detail look at SMRs in  
the latest spec and give us comments about that design.

>>> So the question I keep challenging people with is, with LISP
>> loc-reach-bits and BGP route existence (i.e. "reachability"), is this
>> good enough. Is this enough tools for an ITR to know when to switch
>> RLOCs. If the ITR is running BGP, I think we are in a good position  
>> to
>> day yes.
>
> LISP ETRs will be mainly deployed by stub networks. Consider that AS1
> and AS2 are two large T1 ISPs with thousands of stub customers. For
> scalability reasons, the RLOCs attached to the ETRs of their customers
> are all inside a large prefix announced by BGP (say 1.0.0.0/16 for AS1
> and 2.0.0.0/16 for AS2). In this case, a BGP withdraw will only be  
> sent
> if the entire RLOC prefix fails, which is unlikely. I'm not sure that
> BGP gives you mugh more information, unless we expect to see short  
> RLOC
> prefixes advertised with BGP, which does not scale.

Agree, but probing is a non-starter.

We can handle a class of failures if major peerings go down because  
the entire aggregate goes away. But if a more specific goes away, then  
there will probably be some sort of rerouting happening closer to the  
customer stub network, probably in the customer's SP network.

We are not talking about anything new here. That is the way the BGP  
routing system works today. We don't rely on unreachables, we either  
have rerouting occur close to where the failure is or we blackhole.

The same is going to happen for LISP RLOCs.

>> The case is where a peering connection goes down and
>> an alternate path is not available because the transit policy for an
>> RLOC is quite different than for an EID. That is, a transit ISP  
>> cannot
>> tell it's customer is behind an RLOC supported by another ISP. And  
>> the
>> EID is not known to the core (for good reasons) so we could sever
>> connectivity which previously was not before we introduced the  
>> level of
>> indirection.
>>
>> Having said that, c is the issue at hand here and not a and b.
>>
>>> 2- The focus of LISP should be to forward packets despite of  
>>> failures of
>>> an ETR or failures of a link that is attached to an ETR and not to
>>> detect failures.
>>
>> But having an alternate path locally and not using could be  
>> question of
>> "a good feature we cannot scale".
>
> Sorry, but I don't see why a local alternate cannot scale

It all depends if you want to confirm reachability before you switch  
to a new RLOC. Doing that requires polling from lots of places to each  
xTR. Which also takes time, so you don't have the best of convergence.  
And then when you have confirmed the path, before you start using it  
(before the next packet comes for encapsulation) the path might have  
already changed.

>>> First, if a set of EID prefixes is served only by a single-homed  
>>> ETR,
>>> then the failure of the ETR or of the link that attaches the ETR  
>>> to its
>>
>> If the site is single homed and the ETR goes down, there is no  
>> reason to
>> fix this, because you cannot.
>
> What I mean is that if an EID prefix is served by a single-homed xTR,
> then there is no need to spend time/packets/cpu to detect the
> reachability of this xTR.

Right, agree. Would have to argue for the same for the multi-homed case.

>> Just like routers can't switch packets
>> without the power on.  ;-)
>>
>> Oh, and others have asked me to make packets go faster than the  
>> speed of
>> light too.  ;-)
>>
>>> provider will cause a failure of the EID. Such a failure will be
>>> eventually detected by ICMP destination unreachable messages. This  
>>> is
>>
>> Another comment I have. Can all of us please stop talking about ICMP
>> Unreachables. We can't rely on them. They are not dependable. They  
>> are
>> off by default in core IOS routers. They are filtered by NATs and  
>> other
>> firewalls.
>>
>> All designs should spec that if an Unreachble is received, you can  
>> use
>> it but you can't base a design on using ICMP unreachables. Even if  
>> they
>> were turned on, there are too many security implications. Also, ICMP
>> unreachables don't contain mask-lengths, so this contributes to it's
>> unscalablility.
>
> I agree that we cannot rely only on ICMP, but we cannot ignore them
> neither. We should not assume that core routers will send ICMP

The -11 spec says you should switch RLOCs if you get an ICMP  
Unreachable.

> unreachable, but a PE attached to a CPE could easily send ICMP unreach
> when the attached CPE fails. ICMP could be off on core routers, but be

If the CPE fails, the other xTRs in the site will find out faster and  
they reflect the change by zeroing the loc-reach-bit for the CPE.

>>> one ETR or one of its links.
>>>
>>> In subcase b, a cooperation among the two providers could ensure  
>>> that
>>> the two RLOCs remain reachable even if one of the links or one of  
>>> the
>>
>> There is never cooperation like this between two SPs. My definition  
>> of
>> inter-SP cooperation is agreeing to BGP peer with each other and the
>> manual exchange of peering addresses.
>
> Paying customers can "encourage" network providers to cooperate to
> provide better/combined services.

Well, that hasn't happen up to now.  ;-)

This comment is way "easier said than done".

Dino
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Thread-Topic: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESGastowhether	aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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From: "PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri" <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
To: "David Conrad" <drc@virtualized.org>, "David Meyer" <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESGastowhether	aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org david:

> LISP is _an_ approach towards routing scalability.

providing it does not transpose the scalability problem at another level
e.g mapping system (including at the edge TR), this point is related to
the granularity of the mapping function and the EID/RLOC space ratio.
also, the data-driven behaviour of LISP - its dynamics is driven by the
spatio-temporal characteristics of the traffic and not only the prefix
reachability (as in existing routing system) - adds dependencies to the
"equation" of routing system design.   

=> i would be less affirmative in making such statement -a priori-. in
order to consolidate our understanding, the charter should include an
item on how LISP addresses routing scalability and other design goals
(at least as much as the experiment result allows). this would at the
same time close the loop with part of the RRG work. 

thanks,
-dimitri.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: int-area-bounces@ietf.org 
> [mailto:int-area-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of David Conrad
> Sent: Thursday, January 22, 2009 1:44 AM
> To: David Meyer
> Cc: int-area@ietf.org; lisp@ietf.org; routing-discussion@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the 
> IESGastowhether aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Sorry for being a bit late to this discussion (day job and other  
> realities intruding), but having had a small role in the 
> Dublin BOF, I  
> don't think it likely (in the extreme) there would be significant  
> benefit from having a second BOF.  I'd like to second Dave's 
> seconding  
> of Brain's statement:
> 
> On Jan 21, 2009, at 4:02 PM, David Meyer wrote:
> > 	In any event, Brian really summed it up quite nicely:
> >
> >          ...
> > 	  But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea
> > 	  that a BOF could resolve in a couple of hours the
> > 	  issues that the RRG has been discussing since early
> > 	  2007 seems unlikely.
> 
> I'd actually go a bit further and suggest that any attempt by any  
> group to resolve the issues the RRG has been discussing (or 
> any of the  
> various other discussions that occurred prior to RRG taking this on)  
> as a pre-requisite for creating a working group to standardize an  
> experimental protocol in this space would be equivalent to declaring  
> no protocol in this space will _ever_ be standardized.
> 
> LISP is _an_ approach towards routing scalability.  It is not 
> the only  
> one.  Standardizing the experimental protocol would allow folks  
> interested in routing scalability to explore one or two axes of the  
> possible solution space.  To be honest, I'm unclear as to why 
> there is  
> even a question as to whether a WG should be created...
> 
> Regards,
> -drc
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Int-area mailing list
> Int-area@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area
> 
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	Dimitri,

> =3D> i would be less affirmative in making such statement -a priori-. in
> order to consolidate our understanding, the charter should include an
> item on how LISP addresses routing scalability and other design goals
> (at least as much as the experiment result allows). this would at the
> same time close the loop with part of the RRG work.=20

	This is the second or third time you've said this, so I
	feel the need to respond.=20

	So here's how I would like to see this go (i.e., here's
	the rule I want for these cases):

	Rule:	Anyone suggesting a charter milestone item must
		agree to the the following conditions:  =20

		(i).   You (or your agent) must commit to write the
		       document that fulfils the proposed
		       milestone, and=20

		(ii).  If you (or your agent) defaults on the
		       commitment described in (i). above, that
		       is, if the document is not delivered in a
		       timely fashion (where timely is defined by
		       the charter milestone), the charter
		       milestone will be removed and rechartering
		       the WG is *not* necessary, and  =20

	        (iii). The authorative AD(s) must also agree to
		       these conditions. =20

	Now, I don't know if a WG/BOF/proposer/chair can
	articulate such a rule, but then, in the IETF rules are
	made up as we go along, so why not (its not as if the
	IETF is a legal (or even quasi-legal) system after all)?
	In any event, I will say that without such a rule,
	arbitrary milestones (constructed for whatever reason)
	can be injected into the charter, and clearly, no one
	wants that.

	In the case of the document you are proposing (I think
	its a document, correct me if I'm wrong), if you (or your
	agent) commit to the above conditions, and if the
	document you propose does not hold up/gate any other WG
	document (i.e., no other WG document can have a normative
	reference to this this document), I see no reason not to
	add such an item. Otherwise, I would be reluctant to add
	such a milestone.

	Dave

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From: Joe Touch <touch@ISI.EDU>
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to	whether aWG forming	BOF is necessary for LISP
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Ross Callon wrote:
> In order to make an ID/Loc split work on an Internet-wide ubiquitous
> scale, we need very good solutions and/or greater understanding to some
> hard questions such as what will be the granularity of the mapping
> function (how large will the mapping table be and what granularity of
> prefix will be in it), how to do the mapping, how to do liveness
> detection, what the scaling properties of the mapping and liveness
> detection functions is likely to be, and what the manageability,
> security, and robustness implications are. I guess that while we are at
> it we need to figure out if there are other issues, such as MTU, that
> need consideration. 

I could not agree more, but, as others have noted, the LISP WG's purpose
is to split out the work of documenting the LISP protocols as
experimental. This does not preclude the needed research above from
happening in the IRTF.

A note on these issues might be useful to include in the LISP documents
under 'deployment considerations' or 'open issues'.

Joe
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG astowhether	aWG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Hi,

Sorry for being a bit late to this discussion (day job and other  
realities intruding), but having had a small role in the Dublin BOF, I  
don't think it likely (in the extreme) there would be significant  
benefit from having a second BOF.  I'd like to second Dave's seconding  
of Brain's statement:

On Jan 21, 2009, at 4:02 PM, David Meyer wrote:
> 	In any event, Brian really summed it up quite nicely:
>
>          ...
> 	  But I don't see the point in a second BOF; the idea
> 	  that a BOF could resolve in a couple of hours the
> 	  issues that the RRG has been discussing since early
> 	  2007 seems unlikely.

I'd actually go a bit further and suggest that any attempt by any  
group to resolve the issues the RRG has been discussing (or any of the  
various other discussions that occurred prior to RRG taking this on)  
as a pre-requisite for creating a working group to standardize an  
experimental protocol in this space would be equivalent to declaring  
no protocol in this space will _ever_ be standardized.

LISP is _an_ approach towards routing scalability.  It is not the only  
one.  Standardizing the experimental protocol would allow folks  
interested in routing scalability to explore one or two axes of the  
possible solution space.  To be honest, I'm unclear as to why there is  
even a question as to whether a WG should be created...

Regards,
-drc

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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Proposed rule for adding charter milestones [was Re: Please....]
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Charters should not include applicability statements themselves, IMO. If
you want to add the generation of such a document, that seems fair.

Joe

David Meyer wrote:
> 	Dimitri,
> 
>> => i would be less affirmative in making such statement -a priori-. in
>> order to consolidate our understanding, the charter should include an
>> item on how LISP addresses routing scalability and other design goals
>> (at least as much as the experiment result allows). this would at the
>> same time close the loop with part of the RRG work. 
> 
> 	This is the second or third time you've said this, so I
> 	feel the need to respond. 
> 
> 	So here's how I would like to see this go (i.e., here's
> 	the rule I want for these cases):
> 
> 	Rule:	Anyone suggesting a charter milestone item must
> 		agree to the the following conditions:   
> 
> 		(i).   You (or your agent) must commit to write the
> 		       document that fulfils the proposed
> 		       milestone, and 
> 
> 		(ii).  If you (or your agent) defaults on the
> 		       commitment described in (i). above, that
> 		       is, if the document is not delivered in a
> 		       timely fashion (where timely is defined by
> 		       the charter milestone), the charter
> 		       milestone will be removed and rechartering
> 		       the WG is *not* necessary, and   
> 
> 	        (iii). The authorative AD(s) must also agree to
> 		       these conditions.  
> 
> 	Now, I don't know if a WG/BOF/proposer/chair can
> 	articulate such a rule, but then, in the IETF rules are
> 	made up as we go along, so why not (its not as if the
> 	IETF is a legal (or even quasi-legal) system after all)?
> 	In any event, I will say that without such a rule,
> 	arbitrary milestones (constructed for whatever reason)
> 	can be injected into the charter, and clearly, no one
> 	wants that.
> 
> 	In the case of the document you are proposing (I think
> 	its a document, correct me if I'm wrong), if you (or your
> 	agent) commit to the above conditions, and if the
> 	document you propose does not hold up/gate any other WG
> 	document (i.e., no other WG document can have a normative
> 	reference to this this document), I see no reason not to
> 	add such an item. Otherwise, I would be reluctant to add
> 	such a milestone.
> 
> 	Dave
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Int-area mailing list
> Int-area@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/int-area
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Cc: int-area@ietf.org, PAPADIMITRIOU Dimitri <Dimitri.Papadimitriou@alcatel-lucent.be>, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] Proposed rule for adding charter milestones [was	Re: Please....]
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	Hey Joe,

	A couple of things. First, the below "rule" was a
	strawman. And of course, if the community of interest
	wants an item on the charter, consensus rules (at least
	that's the way I've always done approached charter
	writing, and I think we all agree on that one).

> Charters should not include applicability statements themselves, IMO. If
> you want to add the generation of such a document, that seems fair.

	Agreed, fair enough.

	Dave

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From: Olivier Bonaventure <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dino,
>> In the current LISP specification, two mapping messages are defined :
>>
>> - Map-Request that allows to request the set of RLOCs corresponding to a
>> given EID
>> - Map-Reply that provides the mapping between an EID block and a set of
>> RLOCs
>>
>> These two messages basically assume that the mapping database is built
>> by means that are outside of the LISP protocols (e.g. manual
>> configuration). I think that we should add a third message to add or
>> update entries in the mapping databases :
>>
>> - Map-Update : this message is used when an entity needs to add a new
>> mapping in the database or update an existing entry in the mapping
>> database. There should, of course, be a way to authenticate the sender
>> of the mapping update
> 
> The mapping database are distributed. It is not centralized. When a site
> becomes a LISP site, the new EID-to-RLOC mapping is configured in the
> ETRs that reside at the site.
>
> So I don't know who would send the Map-Update and who would receive it.

I see two possible scenarios.

1- The mapping server does not reside on the ETR that serves the EID
(e.g. this is a redundant mapping server)

2- In a LISP site served by several ETRs, these ETRs will need to
exchange information so that they all maintain the same EID-to-RLOC
mapping for the local EID. When something changes in the mapping (e.g.
new RLOC, different weigth or different preferences), it should be
possible to dynamically inform all the mapping servers that are
responsible for this mapping.

> If this model changes because there is a different mapping database
> employed, then the message can be introduced at that time.

It would also be useful for different mapping systems than ALT.

>> These Map-Update messages would be useful in different scenarios :
>> - an xTR needs to change its RLOC
> 
> We have Solicit-Map-Requests that do that.

SMR allows to sollicit a new map request, it does not allow an xTR to
update the mapping on the other mapping servers that are responsible for
the same EID.

>> - an xTR is being shutdown or will be shutdown in some time and need to
>> force a removal of the corresponding mapping entry
> 
> Today, the xTR can just go away. In fact, mappings that are cached by
> remote ITRs need to stay in tack because there are other xTRs at the
> site which are being used. The loc-reach-bit for the xTR coming out of
> service can be set to 0 immediately until the time an SMR is sent to
> remove the RLOC from the mapping.

The other xTRs of the site need to be informed about the shutdown of the
local xTR. If this is a sudden shutdown, they will be informed by e.g.
the IGP protocol, but if this is a planned shutdown, then it is useful
to inform the other xTRs and mapping servers in advance.

>> - load-balanced xTR are overloaded and their weight needs to be updated
> 
> SMRs do this too. Or you can source-quench the source by advertising the
> RLOC as unreachable for a short period of time. There are already simple
> mechanisms in place that seem to work well.

SMRs allow to sollicit a new Map-request, but this Map-Request will be
received by any of the mapping servers (e.g. xTR) that serve the site.
These mapping servers need to be coherent and advertise the same
EID-to-RLOC mappings.



Olivier

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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dino,
>>>> a. Failure of an ETR
>>>>
>>>> b. Failure of (one of the link) directly attached to an ETR to its
>>>> provider
>>>
>>> These are covered by the loc-reach-bits and have been in the LISP spec
>>> for quite a long time. I think dating back to the -02 draft.
>>
>> There are some issues with loc-reach-bits that are part of the LISP
>> spec :
>> - The support for more than 31 locators is cumbersome (maybe 31
>> locoators is sufficient for most deployments, including experimental
>> ones, but I don't think that it's future proof)
> 
> That was removed in -11.

I missed this update in December. I'm now reading version 11 in details
and will provide more feedback next week.

Olivier
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	Folks,=20

	Dimitri and I had a conversation about his request for a
	agenda item on how LISP fits with draft-irtf-rrg-design-goals-01.=20

	The new agenda is included below. Comments please.

	Dave

---

LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-23

Chair(s):
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary(ies):
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
[2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
mapping systems. The Working Group will also develop security
profiles for the ALT and/or other mapping systems (presumably
using technology developed in the SIDR working group).

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
	  System to the IESG for Experimental.

Jul 2010  Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
	  Experimental.=20

Jul 2010  Submit Recommendations on how LISP protocols (LISP base
          protocol, LISP+ALT mapping system, and LISP multicast)
	  address the Design Goals for Scalable Internet Routing [1].

Aug 2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =20

[7]      T. Li, Ed., "Design Goals for Scalable Internet Routing",
         draft-irtf-rrg-design-goals-01, IRTF, July 2007.=20


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	Sorry about that (and the noise).

	Dave

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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Thu Jan 22 14:26:23 2009
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Subject: [lisp] draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-01.txt posted
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	See http://www.1-4-5.net/~dmm/draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-01.txt
	until the internet-drafts people get around to it.

	Dave

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Subject: Re: [lisp] The case for Map-Updates
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org > SMR allows to sollicit a new map request, it does not allow an xTR to
> update the mapping on the other mapping servers that are responsible  
> for
> the same EID.

The point of soliciting a map-request is so you can return a map-reply  
with updated information. The way it works is like this:

o I am an ETR with a mapping change.
o I solicit at the rate I want to receive requests by setting the SMR- 
bit for the active sites
   I am talking to. Because those sites will need the new information  
sooner than the ones not
   talking to me.
o You are a site that is talking to me so I ask you to send me a Map- 
Request.
o You then send me a Map-Request and I return a Map-Reply.
o I remember I sent you the updated mapping data so the loc-reach-bits  
I send you reflect the
   new mapping.

That's all there is to it.

>>> - an xTR is being shutdown or will be shutdown in some time and  
>>> need to
>>> force a removal of the corresponding mapping entry
>>
>> Today, the xTR can just go away. In fact, mappings that are cached by
>> remote ITRs need to stay in tack because there are other xTRs at the
>> site which are being used. The loc-reach-bit for the xTR coming out  
>> of
>> service can be set to 0 immediately until the time an SMR is sent to
>> remove the RLOC from the mapping.
>
> The other xTRs of the site need to be informed about the shutdown of  
> the
> local xTR. If this is a sudden shutdown, they will be informed by e.g.
> the IGP protocol, but if this is a planned shutdown, then it is useful
> to inform the other xTRs and mapping servers in advance.

They are all configured at the same time.

>>> - load-balanced xTR are overloaded and their weight needs to be  
>>> updated
>>
>> SMRs do this too. Or you can source-quench the source by  
>> advertising the
>> RLOC as unreachable for a short period of time. There are already  
>> simple
>> mechanisms in place that seem to work well.
>
> SMRs allow to sollicit a new Map-request, but this Map-Request will be
> received by any of the mapping servers (e.g. xTR) that serve the site.
> These mapping servers need to be coherent and advertise the same
> EID-to-RLOC mappings.

Right, but the xTR that is old will have loc-reach-bits relative to  
the locator-set it is sending.

Dino

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Subject: Re: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Great thanks. Now that we have this list, we will announce updates to  
any LISP related specs.

Dino

On Jan 22, 2009, at 1:12 PM, Olivier Bonaventure wrote:

> Dino,
>>>>> a. Failure of an ETR
>>>>>
>>>>> b. Failure of (one of the link) directly attached to an ETR to its
>>>>> provider
>>>>
>>>> These are covered by the loc-reach-bits and have been in the LISP  
>>>> spec
>>>> for quite a long time. I think dating back to the -02 draft.
>>>
>>> There are some issues with loc-reach-bits that are part of the LISP
>>> spec :
>>> - The support for more than 31 locators is cumbersome (maybe 31
>>> locoators is sufficient for most deployments, including experimental
>>> ones, but I don't think that it's future proof)
>>
>> That was removed in -11.
>
> I missed this update in December. I'm now reading version 11 in  
> details
> and will provide more feedback next week.
>
> Olivier
> -- 
> http://inl.info.ucl.ac.be , UCLouvain, Belgium

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Cc: Olivier Bonaventure <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] updated LISP WG charter
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hi,

I wanted to re-transmit what I believe I discussed with some of you at  
the Dublin meeting. Today SIDR has a signed object (called ROA) that  
maps prefixes to origin ASN, what I was proposing was using the same  
certificates from the RPKI generated a new kind of object (CMS  
wrapped) that maps EID to a list of possible RLOCs. I can work on some  
text soon.

Roque



On Jan 21, 2009, at 7:13 PM, David Meyer wrote:

>
> 	Olivier,
>
>>> Goals and Milestones:
>>>
>>> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>>>          Experimental.
>>>
>>> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>>>          Experimental.
>>
>> I don't think that we should restrict the mapping discussion to ALT  
>> even
>> if ALT is the only deployed solution today.
>
> 	I understand your point (LISP is modular in the mapping
> 	system). However, I was writing milestones here, so this
> 	one needs to stay.
>
> 	So do you want to add another milestone around mapping
> 	systems, and if so, send some text of what you have in
> 	mind and we can work on that.
>
>>> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
>>> 	  for Experimental.
>>>
>>> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
>>> 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
>>>
>>> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
>>> 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
>>
>> I think that the discussion on Securing the LISP Mapping System  
>> should
>> be finished before the finalisation of any mapping proposal. This
>> discussion is likely to define a set of requirements to be met by
>> mapping systems.
>
> 	In general, yes. In the particular case of ALT, we will
> 	do whatever SIDR does. However, we do not want to gate
> 	progress on ALT by whatever is being done SIDR. So maybe
> 	we can have the ALT draft be self-contained (all this
> 	stuff about SIDR could go in a Security Considerations
> 	section in the ALT document), and whoever writing the
> 	Recommendations Draft can also point at that. Does that
> 	make sense?
>
> 	Dave
>
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">hi,<div><br></div><div>I wanted =
to re-transmit what I believe I discussed with some of you at the Dublin =
meeting. Today SIDR has a signed object (called ROA) that maps prefixes =
to origin ASN, what I was&nbsp;proposing&nbsp;was using the same =
certificates from the RPKI generated a new kind of object (CMS wrapped) =
that maps EID to a list of possible RLOCs. I can work on some text =
soon.</div><div><br></div><div>Roque</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><d=
iv><br><div><div>On Jan 21, 2009, at 7:13 PM, David Meyer =
wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div><br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Olivier,<br><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">Goals and =
Milestones:<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">Mar 2010 &nbsp;Submit base LISP =
specification to the IESG for<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Experimental.<br></b=
lockquote></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">Mar 2010 &nbsp;Submit base ALT =
specification to the IESG for<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Experimental.<br></b=
lockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">I don't think =
that we should restrict the mapping discussion to ALT =
even<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">if ALT is the only =
deployed solution today.<br></blockquote><br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>I =
understand your point (LISP is modular in the mapping<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>system). =
However, I was writing milestones here, so this<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>one needs =
to stay. <br><br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">=
	</span>So do you want to add another milestone around =
mapping<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>systems, and if so, send some text of what you have in<br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>mind and =
we can work on that.<br><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">Mar 2010 &nbsp;Submit the LISP Interworking specification =
to the IESG<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span> &nbsp;for =
Experimental.<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">June 2010 Submit Recommendations =
for Allocation and Routing<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span> &nbsp;of both EIDs and RLOCs to =
the IESG for Experimental.<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite">June 2010 Submit Recommendations =
for Securing the LISP Mapping<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span> &nbsp;System to the IESG for =
Experimental.<br></blockquote></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">I think that =
the discussion on Securing the LISP Mapping System =
should<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">be finished before the =
finalisation of any mapping proposal. This<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">discussion is likely to define a set of requirements to be =
met by<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">mapping =
systems.<br></blockquote><br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>In general, yes. In the =
particular case of ALT, we will<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>do whatever SIDR does. However, =
we do not want to gate<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>progress on ALT by whatever is =
being done SIDR. So maybe<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>we can have the ALT draft be =
self-contained (all this<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>stuff about SIDR could go in a =
Security Considerations<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>section in the ALT document), and =
whoever writing the<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>Recommendations Draft can also =
point at that. Does that<br><span class=3D"Apple-tab-span" =
style=3D"white-space:pre">	</span>make sense?<br><br><span =
class=3D"Apple-tab-span" style=3D"white-space:pre">	=
</span>Dave<br><br>_______________________________________________<br>lisp=
 mailing list<br><a href=3D"mailto:lisp@ietf.org">lisp@ietf.org</a><br><a =
href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp">https://www.ietf.org/m=
ailman/listinfo/lisp</a><br></div></blockquote></div><br></div></body></ht=
ml>=

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From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
To: Roque Gagliano <roque@lacnic.net>
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Cc: Olivier Bonaventure <Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be>, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] updated LISP WG charter
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On Fri, Jan 23, 2009 at 11:53:31AM -0200, Roque Gagliano wrote:
> hi,
>
> I wanted to re-transmit what I believe I discussed with some of you at =
=20
> the Dublin meeting. Today SIDR has a signed object (called ROA) that =20
> maps prefixes to origin ASN, what I was proposing was using the same =20
> certificates from the RPKI generated a new kind of object (CMS wrapped)=
=20
> that maps EID to a list of possible RLOCs. I can work on some text soon.

	Awesome Roque. Look forward to seeing your draft.

	Dave

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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Jan 23 08:38:48 2009
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From: Luigi Iannone <luigi@net.t-labs.tu-berlin.de>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG on whether a WG forming	BOF is necessary
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Joel M. Halpern wrote:
> Given the target (a WG to produce experimental specificaitons) I can
> see no benefit in an additional BoF.
>
I fully agree on this.

Luigi

> Joel
>
> David Meyer wrote:
>>     Folks,
>>
>>     I'm being asked (by the IESG) whether people believe
>>     that we can go directly to our first WG meeting at the
>>     next IETF or if another WG forming BOF is necessary.
>>
>>     Here are the current facts on the ground:
>>     o We have fairly mature set of core drafts
>>     o There are a number of other (non-core) LISP drafts
>>     o Significant global deployment is underway
>>     o We have 2 or more implementations     o We have been discussing
>> a draft charter (see update below)
>>
>>     The question is that I would like folks to respond to is
>>     
>>      "Should a WG be formed following the draft agenda
>>      (below), or should we have another BOF?"
>>
>>     Please give your opinion as soon as possible so we can
>>     close on these administrative issues.
>>
>>     Thanks,
>>
>>     Dave
>> -- 
>>
>> LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)
>>
>> Last Modified: 2009-01-20
>>
>> Chair(s):
>>  TBD
>>
>> Internet Area Director(s):
>>  TBD
>>
>> Routing Area Advisor:
>>  TBD
>>
>> Secretary(ies):
>>  TBD
>>  
>> Mailing Lists:
>>  General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org
>>
>> Description of Working Group:
>>
>> LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
>> respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
>> Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the BOF is to
>> form a working group whose charter (see below) is to work on the
>> design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT mapping system
>> [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast [6]. The working
>> group will encourage and support interoperable LISP
>> implementations as well as defining requirements for alternate
>> mapping systems. The Working Group may also create EID-prefix
>> assignment guidelines for RIRs, as well as security profiles for
>> the ALT (presumably using technology developed in the SIDR
>> working group).
>>
>> Goals and Milestones:
>>
>> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>>           Experimental.
>>
>> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>>           Experimental.
>>
>> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
>>       for Experimental.
>>
>> Mar 2010  Re-charter or close.
>>
>> Internet-Drafts:
>>     draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
>>     draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
>>     draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
>>     draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt
>>
>> Request For Comments:
>>       None
>>
>>
>> References
>> ----------
>> [0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
>>         Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.
>>
>> [1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
>>         (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.
>>
>> [2]    Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
>>     (LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
>>
>> [3]    Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
>>     Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.
>>
>> [4]    Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
>>     IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.
>>
>> [5]    Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
>>     identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.
>>
>> [6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
>>     "LISP for Multicast Environments",
>>     draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. 
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> lisp mailing list
>> lisp@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
> _______________________________________________
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Subject: Re: [lisp] The case for Map-Updates
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dino,

Dino Farinacci wrote:
>> SMR allows to sollicit a new map request, it does not allow an xTR to
>> update the mapping on the other mapping servers that are responsible for
>> the same EID.
>
> The point of soliciting a map-request is so you can return a map-reply
> with updated information. The way it works is like this:
>
> o I am an ETR with a mapping change.
> o I solicit at the rate I want to receive requests by setting the
> SMR-bit for the active sites
>   I am talking to. Because those sites will need the new information
> sooner than the ones not
>   talking to me.
This implies that you have bidirectional traffic. What happens in the
case of unidirectional traffic? (at leats from that ETR perspective)


> o You are a site that is talking to me so I ask you to send me a
> Map-Request.
> o You then send me a Map-Request and I return a Map-Reply.
> o I remember I sent you the updated mapping data so the loc-reach-bits
> I send you reflect the
>   new mapping.
>
So the ETR has to remember the ITR talking to him that have already been
updated?

> That's all there is to it.
>
>>>> - an xTR is being shutdown or will be shutdown in some time and
>>>> need to
>>>> force a removal of the corresponding mapping entry
>>>
>>> Today, the xTR can just go away. In fact, mappings that are cached by
>>> remote ITRs need to stay in tack because there are other xTRs at the
>>> site which are being used. The loc-reach-bit for the xTR coming out of
>>> service can be set to 0 immediately until the time an SMR is sent to
>>> remove the RLOC from the mapping.
>>
>> The other xTRs of the site need to be informed about the shutdown of the
>> local xTR. If this is a sudden shutdown, they will be informed by e.g.
>> the IGP protocol, but if this is a planned shutdown, then it is useful
>> to inform the other xTRs and mapping servers in advance.
>
> They are all configured at the same time.
>
>>>> - load-balanced xTR are overloaded and their weight needs to be
>>>> updated
>>>
>>> SMRs do this too. Or you can source-quench the source by advertising
>>> the
>>> RLOC as unreachable for a short period of time. There are already
>>> simple
>>> mechanisms in place that seem to work well.
>>
>> SMRs allow to sollicit a new Map-request, but this Map-Request will be
>> received by any of the mapping servers (e.g. xTR) that serve the site.
>> These mapping servers need to be coherent and advertise the same
>> EID-to-RLOC mappings.
>
> Right, but the xTR that is old will have loc-reach-bits relative to
> the locator-set it is sending.
>
Does this old mapping match with the new one on the ETR?

Luigi

> Dino
>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org Dino Farinacci wrote:
>>>> 1- What are the types of failures that we consider and want to be able
>>>> to detect :
>>>>
>>>> a. Failure of an ETR
>>>>
>>>> b. Failure of (one of the link) directly attached to an ETR to its
>>>> provider
>>>
>>> These are covered by the loc-reach-bits and have been in the LISP spec
>>> for quite a long time. I think dating back to the -02 draft.
>>
>> There are some issues with loc-reach-bits that are part of the LISP
>> spec :
>> - The support for more than 31 locators is cumbersome (maybe 31
>> locoators is sufficient for most deployments, including experimental
>> ones, but I don't think that it's future proof)
>
> That was removed in -11.
>
>> - They assume that there is an ordering among the ETRs such that each
>> ETR knows the position of all other ETRs in the loc-reach bits. This
>
> That's the price of compression. And it's not that bad. See Luigi for
> my reasons. I have commented on other designs about this matter.
>
True. But I still think that will be impossible to maintain this
ordering coherent among all xTRs when scale to the size of the Internet
and mapping changes happen.

Luigi

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Subject: Re: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org > True. But I still think that will be impossible to maintain this
> ordering coherent among all xTRs when scale to the size of the  
> Internet
> and mapping changes happen.

First off, the number of xTRs at a site are going to be a small  
number. So they can stay in sync and get into sync over a shorter  
period of time.

Second, an xTR at a site knows who it is talking to and knows what it  
sent it last, so a 32-bit value per mapping entry tells you what the  
loc-reach-bits setting should be for a given site you are talking to.

Dino

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Errors-To: lisp-bounces@ietf.org > hi,
>
> I wanted to re-transmit what I believe I discussed with some of you  
> at the Dublin meeting. Today SIDR has a signed object (called ROA)  
> that maps prefixes to origin ASN, what I was proposing was using the  
> same certificates from the RPKI generated a new kind of object (CMS  
> wrapped) that maps EID to a list of possible RLOCs. I can work on  
> some text soon.
>
> Roque

Roque, this sounds promising. Thanks!

Dino

>
>
>
> On Jan 21, 2009, at 7:13 PM, David Meyer wrote:
>
>>
>> 	Olivier,
>>
>>>> Goals and Milestones:
>>>>
>>>> Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
>>>>          Experimental.
>>>>
>>>> Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
>>>>          Experimental.
>>>
>>> I don't think that we should restrict the mapping discussion to  
>>> ALT even
>>> if ALT is the only deployed solution today.
>>
>> 	I understand your point (LISP is modular in the mapping
>> 	system). However, I was writing milestones here, so this
>> 	one needs to stay.
>>
>> 	So do you want to add another milestone around mapping
>> 	systems, and if so, send some text of what you have in
>> 	mind and we can work on that.
>>
>>>> Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
>>>> 	  for Experimental.
>>>>
>>>> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Allocation and Routing
>>>> 	  of both EIDs and RLOCs to the IESG for Experimental.
>>>>
>>>> June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
>>>> 	  System to the IESG for Experimental.
>>>
>>> I think that the discussion on Securing the LISP Mapping System  
>>> should
>>> be finished before the finalisation of any mapping proposal. This
>>> discussion is likely to define a set of requirements to be met by
>>> mapping systems.
>>
>> 	In general, yes. In the particular case of ALT, we will
>> 	do whatever SIDR does. However, we do not want to gate
>> 	progress on ALT by whatever is being done SIDR. So maybe
>> 	we can have the ALT draft be self-contained (all this
>> 	stuff about SIDR could go in a Security Considerations
>> 	section in the ALT document), and whoever writing the
>> 	Recommendations Draft can also point at that. Does that
>> 	make sense?
>>
>> 	Dave
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> lisp mailing list
>> lisp@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
>
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

_______________________________________________
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From: Shane Amante <shane@castlepoint.net>
To: Dino Farinacci <dino@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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Dino,

On Jan 23, 2009, at 10:56 AM, Dino Farinacci wrote:
>> True. But I still think that will be impossible to maintain this
>> ordering coherent among all xTRs when scale to the size of the  
>> Internet
>> and mapping changes happen.
>
> First off, the number of xTRs at a site are going to be a small  
> number. So they can stay in sync and get into sync over a shorter  
> period of time.
>
> Second, an xTR at a site knows who it is talking to and knows what  
> it sent it last, so a 32-bit value per mapping entry tells you what  
> the loc-reach-bits setting should be for a given site you are  
> talking to.

Re: your 2nd point ... does this take into account asymmetric paths?   
IOW, given the following topology:

         cust1
           |
	xTR-1
        /     \
       Internet
       /       \
     xTR-2    xTR-3
      |         |
    --+---------+--
          |
        cust2


Let's say that cust1 has selected to send traffic to cust2 through  
xTR-2.  So, traffic flows as flows: cust1 -> xTR-1 -> xTR-2 -> cust2.   
However, cust2 has a medium- to large-ish network and it's IGP has  
selected xTR-3 for all hosts to use as its "default" route back out to  
the Internet due to cost, policy or other "administrative" reasons.   
Therefore, return traffic flows from cust2 -> xTR-3 -> xTR-1 ->  
cust1.  If xTR-2 is not xmit'ing back toward xTR-1, in the data-path  
at least, how does xTR-3 know what to set loc-reach-bits to (what  
protocols/processes/methods are used) and how fast will that occur?

Anyway, just trying to understand if and/or how this applies given  
asymmetric paths are a common occurrence and I don't see that  
diminishing in an ID/LOC split world.

-shane



> Dino
>
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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Shane

FWIW:

I have this running on a small topology.

In our current implementation xTR2 and xTR3 will have the same ETR  
database:

   ETR Database:
     EID-prefix: 20.0.0.0/8
       Locator: 100.1.45.4, priority: 10, weight: 1, state: down
       Locator: 100.1.235.2, priority: 10, weight: 1, state: up, local
       Locator: 2001::0100:0001:0045:0004, priority: 10, weight: 1,  
state: down
       Locator: 2001::0100:0001:0235:0002, priority: 10, weight: 1,  
state: up, local

This information is communicated via the IGP across the EID-site.
(running ospf)

There is that period of time between the RLOC going down (in this  
case 100.1.45.4)
and the other xTR getting the information which means a packet from  
cust1
could be replied to so that xTR3 sends the wrong loc-bits.  But that  
is a very brief
period.

Hope this helps.


On Jan 23, 2009, at 11:30 AM, Shane Amante wrote:

> Dino,
>
> On Jan 23, 2009, at 10:56 AM, Dino Farinacci wrote:
>>> True. But I still think that will be impossible to maintain this
>>> ordering coherent among all xTRs when scale to the size of the  
>>> Internet
>>> and mapping changes happen.
>>
>> First off, the number of xTRs at a site are going to be a small  
>> number. So they can stay in sync and get into sync over a shorter  
>> period of time.
>>
>> Second, an xTR at a site knows who it is talking to and knows what  
>> it sent it last, so a 32-bit value per mapping entry tells you  
>> what the loc-reach-bits setting should be for a given site you are  
>> talking to.
>
> Re: your 2nd point ... does this take into account asymmetric  
> paths?  IOW, given the following topology:
>
>         cust1
>           |
> 	xTR-1
>        /     \
>       Internet
>       /       \
>     xTR-2    xTR-3
>      |         |
>    --+---------+--
>          |
>        cust2
>
>
> Let's say that cust1 has selected to send traffic to cust2 through  
> xTR-2.  So, traffic flows as flows: cust1 -> xTR-1 -> xTR-2 ->  
> cust2.  However, cust2 has a medium- to large-ish network and it's  
> IGP has selected xTR-3 for all hosts to use as its "default" route  
> back out to the Internet due to cost, policy or other  
> "administrative" reasons.  Therefore, return traffic flows from  
> cust2 -> xTR-3 -> xTR-1 -> cust1.  If xTR-2 is not xmit'ing back  
> toward xTR-1, in the data-path at least, how does xTR-3 know what  
> to set loc-reach-bits to (what protocols/processes/methods are  
> used) and how fast will that occur?
>
> Anyway, just trying to understand if and/or how this applies given  
> asymmetric paths are a common occurrence and I don't see that  
> diminishing in an ID/LOC split world.
>
> -shane
>
>
>
>> Dino
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> lisp mailing list
>> lisp@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
>
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

_______________________________________________
lisp mailing list
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> On Jan 23, 2009, at 10:56 AM, Dino Farinacci wrote:
>>> True. But I still think that will be impossible to maintain this
>>> ordering coherent among all xTRs when scale to the size of the  
>>> Internet
>>> and mapping changes happen.
>>
>> First off, the number of xTRs at a site are going to be a small  
>> number. So they can stay in sync and get into sync over a shorter  
>> period of time.
>>
>> Second, an xTR at a site knows who it is talking to and knows what  
>> it sent it last, so a 32-bit value per mapping entry tells you what  
>> the loc-reach-bits setting should be for a given site you are  
>> talking to.
>
> Re: your 2nd point ... does this take into account asymmetric  
> paths?  IOW, given the following topology:
>
>        cust1
>          |
> 	xTR-1
>       /     \
>      Internet
>      /       \
>    xTR-2    xTR-3
>     |         |
>   --+---------+--
>         |
>       cust2
>
>
> Let's say that cust1 has selected to send traffic to cust2 through  
> xTR-2.  So, traffic flows as flows: cust1 -> xTR-1 -> xTR-2 ->  
> cust2.  However, cust2 has a medium- to large-ish network and it's  
> IGP has selected xTR-3 for all hosts to use as its "default" route  
> back out to the Internet due to cost, policy or other  
> "administrative" reasons.  Therefore, return traffic flows from  
> cust2 -> xTR-3 -> xTR-1 -> cust1.  If xTR-2 is not xmit'ing back  
> toward xTR-1, in the data-path at least, how does xTR-3 know what to  
> set loc-reach-bits to (what protocols/processes/methods are used)  
> and how fast will that occur?

As JohnZ said, xTR-3 knows by running an IGP with xTR-2 that either 1)  
it has gone down, 2) it's CE/PE link as gone down, or 3) the PE router  
has gone down. All these cases cause either a default route to be  
withdrawn from the IGP or an external route that xTR-3 can track. When  
this occurs, xTR-3, when it encapsulates packets, will clear the loc- 
reach-bit associated with xTR-2.

So even when there are asymmetric paths, as long as one xTR at a  
destination site is returning traffic to ta source site, the xTR will  
always provide liveness (specifically local liveness) of all xTRs at  
it's site.

> Anyway, just trying to understand if and/or how this applies given  
> asymmetric paths are a common occurrence and I don't see that  
> diminishing in an ID/LOC split world.

Hope this helps.

Thanks,
Dino

>
>
> -shane
>
>
>
>> Dino
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> lisp mailing list
>> lisp@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
>

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Cc: rrg RG <rrg@irtf.org>, int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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>   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be considered a
>   potentially practical solution.  Some of these problems require

LISP is not perfect and still evolving but let me point out that every  
design has fundamental problems. At this scale, it's very hard to be  
perfect Robin. And as Noel has stated so many times, the hard  
decisions must be made to incrementally deploy this. So things might  
not look pretty on the surface, but jeez, you got to do what you got  
to do. Else, this will all be academic.

We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is not lip  
service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the Internet,  
this is serious.

I want to address each of your 7 points below. I have cc'ed the lisp@ietf.org 
  mailing list so the folks who want to focus on details of LISP can  
see this thread.

> 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.  This is either
>    due to sending the packets along the ALT network (which takes
>    time and involves sending substantial volumes of data packets
>    over the ALT network, rather than just mapping requests) or to
>    sending mapping requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
>    response before it attempts to send traffic packets.

We have a memory/bandwidth tradeoff. So we have to make a hard design  
call. I'd rather have mappings cached and timed out so they can be  
updated when they need to then to hold all the possible mappings for  
the Internet in an ITR.

There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all possible  
mappings or you fetch them when you need them.

>    According to: http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
>    & 11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
>    packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we think
>    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough potential adopters
>    would - and therefore make it difficult or impossible for LISP or
>    any other such solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
>    routing scaling problem.

Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based bridged network with  
basically the same properties. First packet loss is not persistent  
when you look at all the traffic that originates from a source site to  
another destination site.

The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the host, you  
could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is available. Guess  
what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you get the DNS Reply. ;-) I  
wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a host needs an address to make  
the connection, we can say it also needs a locator to make a connection.

The design choice of LISP *is to just change software in CPE devices*  
to get the feature of decoupling rather than changing all the hosts at  
a site. That's a huge deployment advantage. So these CPE devices get  
packets before they have mappings. We don't even want to consider a  
host to CPE router signaling protocol and all it's complexities to  
solve this and to keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop  
on DNS, SIP, or any other protocol that can give us a hint on where  
the host is about to send a packet.

So the cost is *either* first packet loss or sending the packet on the  
ALT using it as a request for a mapping.

> 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
>      http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
>      http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png
>
>      [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.  Could
>       be partially solved by more meshiness, but that would greatly
>       increase the complexity of the network and so raise more
>       scaling problems.]

Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. So it's not really  
*another* problem.

> 3 - Problems creating a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
>    speed the flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
>    making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
>    tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it is
>    an obvious problem.

If we can do this with BGP, which we have decades of existence proof  
why can't we do this with a tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be  
rehomed much quicker and easily than physical links and boxes we have  
to do with today, allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the  
ALT network, and 2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust  
connectivity below the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will  
be less route-flaps for EID-prefixes.

I think it's the complete opposite of what you claim. I think BGP will  
be more stable and scalable then the underlying BGP. Plus, what we  
propose for the use-case of BGP uses quite a few features of it.  
Recall this is eBGP over GRE.

We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness of  
nodes on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a Map- 
Request takes on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we  
can see the diameter of the tunnel. Not only do we have a solution but  
we use existing rudimentary tools for management.

And the address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT  
topology. And if the Registries are involved in managing part of this  
ALT network (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this  
consistent relationship.

Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge Robin.

There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have secured  
the ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for routing use.  
In fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on the ALT to be  
verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying BGP.

And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2 address- 
families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That means we  
can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk to each other.

If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, you could talk  
to the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pretty huge feature.

This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NATs, no CGNS, and  
no applications breaking.

> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html

Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do  
not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them. The  
decoupling of the address creates this. The dependence is now on the  
ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world, you  
get your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain  
would only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's  
leave mobile ASes out of this for now).

> 5 - Path MTU Discovery problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
>    others discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
>    proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
>    they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no problem.

In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe two proposed  
solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful. The stateful  
creates no new table data structures but requires storing an addition  
2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.

> 6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html

You cannot fault a technical design for a business case. A PTR is  
solving a technical problem. And if we want to *truly* keep lots of PI  
type routes out of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just  
way too high in opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.

And on the contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect  
providers, registries, third-parties and even governments will provide  
PTR services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that  
remains to be seen.

> 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of ITRs each
>    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise, one ITR probing
>    reachability to many ETRs - this is one view of the "Locator Path
>    Liveness Problem" of draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
>    http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html

That is not in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.  ;-)

Dave and Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing  
can be. They do not take a position whether it should go into any  
proposal. They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may  
result and can be an interpretation to not do probing at all.

Like I mentioned in a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the  
question if an ITR *should* switch from one RLOC to another when there  
*may* be a path failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*.  
Please note my very fine qualifications.

If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today by having a  
host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This doesn't  
happen today because people deal with packet loss, since it doesn't  
last long *and* rerouting actually works quite well.

Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget it, "The  
fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".

What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP  
Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are  
filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures close to  
packet sources.

>> Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
>> is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
>> October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
>> a proof by an emphatic assertion.
>
> I agree entirely.
>
> I believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -
> by participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.

We were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable request. So  
the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be presented  
in RRG.

As for the engineering issues, the real details and bits and bytes, we  
want a forum to discuss and work out issues in an open forum. I've  
been going to IETF for 20 years now, that forum is called a working  
group.

The working group doesn't have to standardize what it is working on.  
And the charter and the numerous requests we have made requests *for  
an experimental working group*.

> Experiments won't help solve most of these problems.  I am not
> against experimentation and I think it is great that there is a LISP
> experimental network.
>
> However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing
> code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
> implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental problems.

There is constant implementation feedback back into the design.  
Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You start with  
something you think can hold together, you try things out, you refine,  
you revisit design, you go forward with implementation. That's the  
process of *detailed* engineering.

For the old timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.

Sorry for the long email,
Dino

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Subject: Re: [lisp] The case for Map-Updates
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> Dino,
>
> Dino Farinacci wrote:
>>> SMR allows to sollicit a new map request, it does not allow an xTR  
>>> to
>>> update the mapping on the other mapping servers that are  
>>> responsible for
>>> the same EID.
>>
>> The point of soliciting a map-request is so you can return a map- 
>> reply
>> with updated information. The way it works is like this:
>>
>> o I am an ETR with a mapping change.
>> o I solicit at the rate I want to receive requests by setting the
>> SMR-bit for the active sites
>>  I am talking to. Because those sites will need the new information
>> sooner than the ones not
>>  talking to me.
> This implies that you have bidirectional traffic. What happens in the
> case of unidirectional traffic? (at leats from that ETR perspective)

Well the SMR-bit is in both a data packet and a Map-Request. So if  
there is unidirectional traffic from a site that needs to be updated,  
the site that has the mapping change sends a Map-Request to one or  
more of the remote xTRs.

>> o You are a site that is talking to me so I ask you to send me a
>> Map-Request.
>> o You then send me a Map-Request and I return a Map-Reply.
>> o I remember I sent you the updated mapping data so the loc-reach- 
>> bits
>> I send you reflect the
>>  new mapping.
>>
> So the ETR has to remember the ITR talking to him that have already  
> been
> updated?

Right. But look at the failure cases, and let's see how bad it is. If  
you mis-set the loc-reach-bits you are basically saying that some  
xTRs, which are up, you are erroneously reporting them as down. That,  
in and of itself is not that bad, because the ITRs at the remote sites  
can just choose another RLOC in the locator-set. This would only occur  
for a short period of time (i.e. the rate-limit time and propagation  
delay). And in the case where the xTR is reporting an RLOC up when in  
fact it is down suffers packet loss for that short period of time.

Remember, an ITR can switch to another RLOC in the locator-set  
anytime, as long as it's within the set of high-priority RLOCs so it  
can adhere to the policy of the destination site. An ITR can switch  
when it sees no packets from an alleged down RLOC.

I realize that in unidirectional traffic this might not be the case.  
But there are few cases where a site has absolutely no return traffic  
of any kind from any host at the site.

>> That's all there is to it.
>>
>>>>> - an xTR is being shutdown or will be shutdown in some time and
>>>>> need to
>>>>> force a removal of the corresponding mapping entry
>>>>
>>>> Today, the xTR can just go away. In fact, mappings that are  
>>>> cached by
>>>> remote ITRs need to stay in tack because there are other xTRs at  
>>>> the
>>>> site which are being used. The loc-reach-bit for the xTR coming  
>>>> out of
>>>> service can be set to 0 immediately until the time an SMR is sent  
>>>> to
>>>> remove the RLOC from the mapping.
>>>
>>> The other xTRs of the site need to be informed about the shutdown  
>>> of the
>>> local xTR. If this is a sudden shutdown, they will be informed by  
>>> e.g.
>>> the IGP protocol, but if this is a planned shutdown, then it is  
>>> useful
>>> to inform the other xTRs and mapping servers in advance.
>>
>> They are all configured at the same time.
>>
>>>>> - load-balanced xTR are overloaded and their weight needs to be
>>>>> updated
>>>>
>>>> SMRs do this too. Or you can source-quench the source by  
>>>> advertising
>>>> the
>>>> RLOC as unreachable for a short period of time. There are already
>>>> simple
>>>> mechanisms in place that seem to work well.
>>>
>>> SMRs allow to sollicit a new Map-request, but this Map-Request  
>>> will be
>>> received by any of the mapping servers (e.g. xTR) that serve the  
>>> site.
>>> These mapping servers need to be coherent and advertise the same
>>> EID-to-RLOC mappings.
>>
>> Right, but the xTR that is old will have loc-reach-bits relative to
>> the locator-set it is sending.
>>
> Does this old mapping match with the new one on the ETR?

Umm, I don't quite understand the references. Can you restate?

Dino

>
>
> Luigi
>
>> Dino
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> lisp mailing list
>> lisp@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
>

_______________________________________________
lisp mailing list
lisp@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a ...
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> Just a simple question: Is the ALT GRE-tunnel hierarchy a tree ?

It is not required, but it should follow the address allocation  
delegation.

What we have deployed on the pilot is in the enclosed diagram and the  
EID-prefix assignments follow a registry allocation hierarchy. This  
topology supports both IPv4 and IPv6.

Once the apnic box is up, the container with ntt, dscott, and iij will  
connect to it.

Dino


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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Sun Jan 25 13:06:25 2009
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From: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
To: lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org, rrg@irtf.org
Subject: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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(This is a good place to segue, so pardon the borrowed thread...)

I have a concern about the economic aspects of stretch, specifically
related to peering in routing systems where topology follows address
assignment more closely than today's Internet. If this has already
been discussed I missed it and would appreciate a pointer. (I've heard
discussion of the performance issues, but not economic.) My concern is
not specific to LISP but is expressed nicely by LISP-ALT so I would
like to use that as an example here.

Referring to the graphic Dino sent, which can also be found at
http://www.lisp4.net/, one can see that ALT traffic between Savvis and
Level(3) has several organizational AS-hops to traverse. This isn't
the case under today's BGP4 routing because the Savvis and Level(3)
networks have direct peering. However, connectivity via the
ASP-ARIN-RIPE path doesn't use these peering interconnects. (FYI, it
seems to traverse networks such as NTT and Sprint, in case you were
wondering.)

In the Savvis-Level(3) case I believe the interconnects mentioned
above are all settlement-free, so the economic impact is primarily the
cost of usage-driven infrastructure items like router ports and
interconnects. But networks farther from the default-free zone are
likely to have more significant costs associated with transit
connectivity "upstream". Some of these networks (i.e. "tier-2"
providers) will have an existing set of settlement-free peers that
exists in order to reduce transit costs. But when these providers and
their downstream customers implement LISP-ALT there may very well be
an increase in traffic via their transit providers.

It seems to me that the driver behind this shift in traffic is the
network location of address assignment "authorities" and their ALT
routers. For instance, if ARIN's ALT router was only on-net behind a
single service provider network then all of the ARIN-served region
would need connectivity to that network. The trade/economic issues
should be obvious. Therefore I'm struck that any potential longer-path
solution to the address/topology scaling problem that moves beyond the
scope of the RRG (i.e. to the IETF) should provide input to the
addressing authorities on how to mitigate the resulting economic
issues. This might include, for instance, suggestions on where ALT
routers need to reside and what sort of peering/interconnectivty
should be in place.

Further, potential solutions should be considered for their ability to
reduce long-path traffic. Again using LISP as an example it is
important to consider how much traffic may follow the ALT path before
it switches to the direct LISP-encapsulated path. Quantifying this may
be difficult since it's in-part dependent on the latency of the ALT
path. But a relative view could be given.*

Has this issue already been discussed or addressed? I think that the
IETF is the right place to discuss the more concrete details of any
given solution (i.e. IETF LISP WG). But I would also like to see the
RRG consider these issues in abstract.

Cheers,
-Benson


* - For each new flow, given the flow's rate and size versus the
long-path latency and knowledge of how long it takes for a flow to
switch from the long- to short-path, as well as an estimate of the
number of "unique" flows (unique within the solution's context), a
relative view of traffic could be given. Comparison could then be
based on historical data gleaned from end-sites such as users and
datacenters to determine what the real impact may be.




On Jan 25, 2009 12:02 PM, "Dino Farinacci" <dino@cisco.com> wrote:

> Just a simple question: Is the ALT GRE-tunnel hierarchy a tree ?

It is not required, but it should follow the address allocation delegation.

What we have deployed on the pilot is in the enclosed diagram and the
EID-prefix assignments follow a registry allocation hierarchy. This
topology supports both IPv4 and IPv6.

Once the apnic box is up, the container with ntt, dscott, and iij will
connect to it.

Dino






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> Referring to the graphic Dino sent, which can also be found at
> http://www.lisp4.net/, one can see that ALT traffic between Savvis and
> Level(3) has several organizational AS-hops to traverse.=20

	This is just an artifact of the way I built it. You could
	put up a ALT tunnel betwen Savvis and L3 if that was of
	interest (and Savvis & L3 wouldn't have to further
	advertise those routes to the rest of the ALT). Also,
	its a somewhat artifcial observation because the L3 box
	is in London, so I thought it made sense to home it to
	RIPE. If L3 had ALT routers in the US, the situation
	would be likely different.

	BTW, the current configuration of the ALT is a first
	cut. There may be better ways to do it, but I did want to
	get something running so we could gain some experience.

	Or am I answering the wrong question?

	Dave

=09
=09

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_______________________________________________
lisp mailing list
lisp@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

--===============1792469449==--

From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Sun Jan 25 13:50:12 2009
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Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2009 15:49:50 -0600
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From: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
To: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
Cc: rrg@irtf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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Dave-

On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 3:26 PM, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net> wrote:
>        This is just an artifact of the way I built it. You could
>        put up a ALT tunnel betwen Savvis and L3 if that was of
>        interest (and Savvis & L3 wouldn't have to further
>        advertise those routes to the rest of the ALT). Also,
> ...
>        Or am I answering the wrong question?

I think you're answering the right question from the LISP-ALT
perspective. It theoretically exists for other solutions in the same
class, too, i.e. solutions that create a stretched path in order to
follow address-assignment topology instead of underlying forwarding
topology.

In the LISP-ALT case, however, I'd like to explore your answer a bit
further. Does this suggest that the answer is for my ALT AS to peer
with all of my existing Internet peers, if I want to avoid suboptimal
forwarding? If I did so, how would my ALT routing table size compare
to my current routing table size? I'm imagining them the same size
(i.e. comprised of supernets learned by my peers as well as
less-specifics learned when my peers' customers multihome) but I might
be missing something.

Cheers,
-Benson
_______________________________________________
lisp mailing list
lisp@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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Cc: rrg@irtf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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FWIW:
The sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.
The reply and all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs
The ALT is merely there to provide the correct mapping.

Also, since a map-reply from any ETR for a given site will
provide you with all the RLOCs for that site, there is no
need to advertise any sub-prefix into the ALT.  Rather you
would advertise the most highly aggregated route you have
for your EID-site.  So the ALT table should be considerably smaller.


On Jan 25, 2009, at 11:49 AM, Benson Schliesser wrote:

> Dave-
>
> On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 3:26 PM, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net> wrote:
>>        This is just an artifact of the way I built it. You could
>>        put up a ALT tunnel betwen Savvis and L3 if that was of
>>        interest (and Savvis & L3 wouldn't have to further
>>        advertise those routes to the rest of the ALT). Also,
>> ...
>>        Or am I answering the wrong question?
>
> I think you're answering the right question from the LISP-ALT
> perspective. It theoretically exists for other solutions in the same
> class, too, i.e. solutions that create a stretched path in order to
> follow address-assignment topology instead of underlying forwarding
> topology.
>
> In the LISP-ALT case, however, I'd like to explore your answer a bit
> further. Does this suggest that the answer is for my ALT AS to peer
> with all of my existing Internet peers, if I want to avoid suboptimal
> forwarding? If I did so, how would my ALT routing table size compare
> to my current routing table size? I'm imagining them the same size
> (i.e. comprised of supernets learned by my peers as well as
> less-specifics learned when my peers' customers multihome) but I might
> be missing something.
>
> Cheers,
> -Benson
> _______________________________________________
> lisp mailing list
> lisp@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

_______________________________________________
lisp mailing list
lisp@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2009 17:53:49 -0600
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From: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
To: John Zwiebel <jzwiebel@cisco.com>
Cc: rrg@irtf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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John-

I agree, in LISP the volume of ALT traffic is very small versus the volume
of encapsulated data traffic. This is one of the primary reasons I like
LISP-ALT as a near-term solution, to be honest.

The ALT peering, though, isn't 100% clear to me yet. Sorry if I'm just slow
today or have forgotten something that's already been discussed. (The recent
holiday seems to have effectively cleared my mind.)

My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he
announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's great from a
routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to another net
(dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to announce my EID into the ALT via that
path if I wanted to continue serving that EID during an outage of my primary
(asp) connectivity?

At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary upstream sees
it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path. So do all of my xTRs
need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID allocators in order to avoid
de-aggregation in the ALT tables while maintaining fault tolerant
connectivity? What happens if an AS-wide fault takes down all of my
allocator's ALT routers? I understand that my RLOCs are still aggregated by
the underlying network's routing regardless.

It would be good to discuss what all of this looks like for network
engineering purposes. For instance from the perspective of ALT traffic
engineering, an end-site xTR with end users surfing the web will probably
have a moderate collection of EID mappings that stay refreshed (Google,
Twitter, corp intranet, etc) and a small collection of mappings that get
used and expire (my blog, which nobody reads twice). This is different from
an xTR in front of a public website, which will basically build a huge
collection of mappings and have to worry more about the database size than
anything else.

Cheers,
-Benson

PS - I hate to say this, but I will volunteer to edit a draft covering this
topic if one or more LISP researchers will help write it.

On Jan 25, 2009 4:22 PM, "John Zwiebel" <jzwiebel@cisco.com> wrote:

FWIW:
The sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.
The reply and all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs
The ALT is merely there to provide the correct mapping.

Also, since a map-reply from any ETR for a given site will
provide you with all the RLOCs for that site, there is no
need to advertise any sub-prefix into the ALT.  Rather you
would advertise the most highly aggregated route you have
for your EID-site.  So the ALT table should be considerably smaller.

On Jan 25, 2009, at 11:49 AM, Benson Schliesser wrote:

> > Dave- > > On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 3:26 PM, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
> wrote: >> >>       This is ...
>
> > _______________________________________________ > lisp mailing list >
> lisp@ietf.org > https://www....
>

--0015175ce17263aa600461575581
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<p>John-</p>
<p>I agree, in LISP the volume of ALT traffic is very small versus the volu=
me of encapsulated data traffic. This is one of the primary reasons I like =
LISP-ALT as a near-term solution, to be honest.</p>
<p>The ALT peering, though, isn&#39;t 100% clear to me yet. Sorry if I&#39;=
m just slow today or have forgotten something that&#39;s already been discu=
ssed. (The recent holiday seems to have effectively cleared my mind.)</p>

<p>My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he ann=
ounces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That&#39;s great from a =
routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to another net (d=
mm, for example) wouldn&#39;t I have to announce my EID into the ALT via th=
at path if I wanted to continue serving that EID during an outage of my pri=
mary (asp) connectivity?</p>

<p>At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary upstream s=
ees it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path. So do all of my xT=
Rs need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID allocators in order to avoid d=
e-aggregation in the ALT tables while maintaining fault tolerant connectivi=
ty? What happens if an AS-wide fault takes down all of my allocator&#39;s A=
LT routers? I understand that my RLOCs are still aggregated by the underlyi=
ng network&#39;s routing regardless.</p>

<p>It would be good to discuss what all of this looks like for network engi=
neering purposes. For instance from the perspective of ALT traffic engineer=
ing, an end-site xTR with end users surfing the web will probably have a mo=
derate collection of EID mappings that stay refreshed (Google, Twitter, cor=
p intranet, etc) and a small collection of mappings that get used and expir=
e (my blog, which nobody reads twice). This is different from an xTR in fro=
nt of a public website, which will basically build a huge collection of map=
pings and have to worry more about the database size than anything else.</p=
>

<p>Cheers,<br>
-Benson</p>
<p>PS - I hate to say this, but I will volunteer to edit a draft covering t=
his topic if one or more LISP researchers will help write it.</p>
<p><blockquote>On Jan 25, 2009 4:22 PM, &quot;John Zwiebel&quot; &lt;<a hre=
f=3D"mailto:jzwiebel@cisco.com">jzwiebel@cisco.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br><br>FW=
IW:<br>
The sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.<br>
The reply and all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs<br>
The ALT is merely there to provide the correct mapping.<br>
<br>
Also, since a map-reply from any ETR for a given site will<br>
provide you with all the RLOCs for that site, there is no<br>
need to advertise any sub-prefix into the ALT. &nbsp;Rather you<br>
would advertise the most highly aggregated route you have<br>
for your EID-site. &nbsp;So the ALT table should be considerably smaller.<p=
><font color=3D"#500050">


On Jan 25, 2009, at 11:49 AM, Benson Schliesser wrote:

</font></p><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;bor=
der-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><p><font color=3D"#500050">&gt; D=
ave-
&gt;
&gt; On Sun, Jan 25, 2009 at 3:26 PM, David Meyer &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:dmm=
@1-4-5.net">dmm@1-4-5.net</a>&gt; wrote:
&gt;&gt;
&gt;&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; This is ...</font></p><p><font color=3D"#5000=
50">&gt; _______________________________________________
&gt; lisp mailing list
&gt; <a href=3D"mailto:lisp@ietf.org">lisp@ietf.org</a>
&gt; <a href=3D"https://www.">https://www.</a>...</font></p></blockquote>
<br>
</blockquote></p>

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_______________________________________________
lisp mailing list
lisp@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp

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To: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
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Cc: rrg@irtf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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On Jan 25, 2009, at 1:53 PM, Benson Schliesser wrote:

> My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and  
> he announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's  
> great from a routing scale perspective. However if I were to  
> multihome to another net (dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to  
> announce my EID into the ALT via that path if I wanted to continue  
> serving that EID during an outage of my primary (asp) connectivity?
>

Yes you should, but that doesn't add another route to the ALT routing  
table.
> At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary  
> upstream sees it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path.
>
If your primary router goes down, yes.
> So do all of my xTRs need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID  
> allocators in order to avoid de-aggregation in the ALT tables while  
> maintaining fault tolerant connectivity?
>
All of your xTRs need to connect to the ALT to get mapping  
information. (ie to send
map requests over the ALT and receive map-replies natively).  Each  
xTR would
advertise the same EID-prefix.  So no matter how many xTRs you have,  
only the
single EID-prefix is advertised. The ALT only carries EID-prefix  
routes (and next-hop
information for the ALT).  It need not carry the RLOC routes at all.   
Those are in the DFZ.
> What happens if an AS-wide fault takes down all of my allocator's  
> ALT routers? I understand that my RLOCs are still aggregated by the  
> underlying network's routing regardless.
>
Hopefully you'd have RLOCs from two different allocators.  When one  
goes down, the
other one is still available for map-requests.
>

Hope this helps
--Apple-Mail-59--925996064
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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">
<br><div><div>On Jan 25, 2009, at 1:53 PM, Benson Schliesser =
wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><p><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"color: rgb(0, 0, 221); -webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; ">My =
single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he =
announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's great from =
a routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to another =
net (dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to announce my EID into the ALT =
via that path if I wanted to continue serving that EID during an outage =
of my primary (asp) =
connectivity?</span></p></span></blockquote><div><br></div>Yes you =
should, but that doesn't add another route to the ALT routing =
table.<br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: =
Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; =
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; =
orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; =
white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><p>At the very least it has to be =
announced such that my primary upstream sees it and can divert =
map-requests to my secondary path. </p></span></blockquote>If your =
primary router goes down, yes.<br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><p>So do all of my xTRs need to =
have ALT tunnels to all of my EID allocators in order to avoid =
de-aggregation in the ALT tables while maintaining fault tolerant =
connectivity? </p></span></blockquote><div>All of your xTRs need to =
connect to the ALT to get mapping information. (ie to =
send=A0</div><div>map requests over the ALT and receive map-replies =
natively). =A0Each xTR would</div><div>advertise the same EID-prefix. =
=A0So no matter how many xTRs you have, only the</div><div>single =
EID-prefix is advertised. The ALT only carries EID-prefix routes (and =
next-hop=A0</div><div>information for the ALT). =A0It need not carry the =
RLOC routes at all. =A0Those are in the DFZ.</div><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><p>What happens if an AS-wide =
fault takes down all of my allocator's ALT routers? I understand that my =
RLOCs are still aggregated by the underlying network's routing =
regardless.</p></span></blockquote>Hopefully you'd have RLOCs from two =
different allocators. =A0When one goes down, the</div><div>other one is =
still available for map-requests. =A0<br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; =
"><p><br></p></span></blockquote><div><br></div>Hope this =
helps</div></body></html>=

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From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
Cc: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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Can we _PLEASE_ stop cross-posting things to three lists at once? Thanks.

	Noel
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Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2009 10:53:13 +0100
From: Luigi Iannone <luigi@net.t-labs.tu-berlin.de>
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To: Dino Farinacci <dino@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] The case for Map-Updates
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Dino,

comments inline


Dino Farinacci wrote:
>> Dino,
>>
>> Dino Farinacci wrote:
>>>> SMR allows to sollicit a new map request, it does not allow an xTR to
>>>> update the mapping on the other mapping servers that are
>>>> responsible for
>>>> the same EID.
>>>
>>> The point of soliciting a map-request is so you can return a map-reply
>>> with updated information. The way it works is like this:
>>>
>>> o I am an ETR with a mapping change.
>>> o I solicit at the rate I want to receive requests by setting the
>>> SMR-bit for the active sites
>>>  I am talking to. Because those sites will need the new information
>>> sooner than the ones not
>>>  talking to me.
>> This implies that you have bidirectional traffic. What happens in the
>> case of unidirectional traffic? (at leats from that ETR perspective)
>
> Well the SMR-bit is in both a data packet and a Map-Request. So if
> there is unidirectional traffic from a site that needs to be updated,
> the site that has the mapping change sends a Map-Request to one or
> more of the remote xTRs.
>
Ok, Map-Request, can be used to announce an update. With a Map-Update
message you will just save a Map-Reply message.

The question that comes to my mind now is how the ETR can understand
that the the ITR has an old mapping hence a Map-Request needs to be sent?

A simple solution would be to send a Map-Request+SMR to all ITRs you are
receiving  unidirectional traffic from.



>>> o You are a site that is talking to me so I ask you to send me a
>>> Map-Request.
>>> o You then send me a Map-Request and I return a Map-Reply.
>>> o I remember I sent you the updated mapping data so the loc-reach-bits
>>> I send you reflect the
>>>  new mapping.
>>>
>> So the ETR has to remember the ITR talking to him that have already been
>> updated?
>
> Right. But look at the failure cases, and let's see how bad it is. If
> you mis-set the loc-reach-bits you are basically saying that some
> xTRs, which are up, you are erroneously reporting them as down. That,
> in and of itself is not that bad, because the ITRs at the remote sites
> can just choose another RLOC in the locator-set. This would only occur
> for a short period of time (i.e. the rate-limit time and propagation
> delay). And in the case where the xTR is reporting an RLOC up when in
> fact it is down suffers packet loss for that short period of time.
>
Yes. But what if the source of the packet with the mis-set
loc-reach-bits is an attacker? What if this attacker continously sends
packets with wrong loc-reach-bits?

My point here is that loc-reach-bits should not be trusted, but used as
an hint and confirmed by Map-Request/Map-Reply exchange.
Only if the updated mapping confirms the change in reachability, then
the traffic is shifted to different rlocs.



> Remember, an ITR can switch to another RLOC in the locator-set
> anytime, as long as it's within the set of high-priority RLOCs so it
> can adhere to the policy of the destination site. An ITR can switch
> when it sees no packets from an alleged down RLOC.
>
> I realize that in unidirectional traffic this might not be the case.
> But there are few cases where a site has absolutely no return traffic
> of any kind from any host at the site.
You are right on the fact that host-to-host unidirectional traffic is
rare, but unidirectional flows are more common. There are several
protocols, typically for monitoring, that are "fire-and-forget". In the
inter-domain case it is not so uncommon to have asymmetric paths, which
means unidirectional flows.

[snip]
>
>>>>>> - load-balanced xTR are overloaded and their weight needs to be
>>>>>> updated
>>>>>
>>>>> SMRs do this too. Or you can source-quench the source by advertising
>>>>> the
>>>>> RLOC as unreachable for a short period of time. There are already
>>>>> simple
>>>>> mechanisms in place that seem to work well.
>>>>
>>>> SMRs allow to sollicit a new Map-request, but this Map-Request will be
>>>> received by any of the mapping servers (e.g. xTR) that serve the site.
>>>> These mapping servers need to be coherent and advertise the same
>>>> EID-to-RLOC mappings.
>>>
>>> Right, but the xTR that is old will have loc-reach-bits relative to
>>> the locator-set it is sending.
>>>
>> Does this old mapping match with the new one on the ETR?
>
> Umm, I don't quite understand the references. Can you restate?
Sorry for that, I agree I was unclear ;-)

I was just stating that if it is an xTR with an old mapping that is
replying to the Map-Request, it will probably have a different set for
the loc-reach-bits. With this different setting for the loc-rech-bit you
can experience traffic disruption, at least for short periods.

However, this is more an issue related to the mapping system that needs
to guarantee as much as possible the coherence of
mappings  on the xTRs.

Thanks


Luigi  




>
> Dino
>
>>
>>
>> Luigi
>>
>>> Dino
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> lisp mailing list
>>> lisp@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/lisp
>>
>

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Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2009 11:00:04 +0100
From: Luigi Iannone <luigi@net.t-labs.tu-berlin.de>
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Cc: Olivier.Bonaventure@uclouvain.be, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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Dino Farinacci wrote:
>> True. But I still think that will be impossible to maintain this
>> ordering coherent among all xTRs when scale to the size of the Internet
>> and mapping changes happen.
>
> First off, the number of xTRs at a site are going to be a small
> number. So they can stay in sync and get into sync over a shorter
> period of time.
>
Agreed. My point was more on the fact that even if you have a limited
number of xTRs, your site can be contacted by a very large number of
other sites, with which you have to maintain coherence.

> Second, an xTR at a site knows who it is talking to and knows what it
> sent it last, so a 32-bit value per mapping entry tells you what the
> loc-reach-bits setting should be for a given site you are talking to.
Wait.
You are saying that to each entry in your cache you add a 32-bit value
that tells the loc-reach-bit you sent to that site the last time you
sent  a packet toward it?
Is this what you meant?

Thanks

Luigi

>
>
> Dino
>

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=20
Dino,
Just a simple question: Is the ALT GRE-tunnel hierarchy a tree ?
=20
Heiner
=20
=20
In einer eMail vom 24.01.2009 20:51:53 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit schreibt=
 =20
dino@cisco.com:

>   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be  considered a
>   potentially practical solution.  Some of  these problems require

LISP is not perfect and still evolving but let  me point out that every =20
design has fundamental problems. At this  scale, it's very hard to be =20
perfect Robin. And as Noel has stated so  many times, the hard =20
decisions must be made to incrementally deploy  this. So things might =20
not look pretty on the surface, but jeez, you  got to do what you got =20
to do. Else, this will all be  academic.

We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is not  lip =20
service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the  Internet, =20
this is serious.

I want to address each of your 7  points below. I have cc'ed the=20
lisp@ietf.org=20
mailing list so the  folks who want to focus on details of LISP can =20
see this  thread.

> 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.   This is either
>    due to sending the packets along the ALT  network (which takes
>    time and involves sending  substantial volumes of data packets
>    over the ALT network,  rather than just mapping requests) or to
>    sending mapping  requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
>    response  before it attempts to send traffic packets.

We have a memory/bandwidth  tradeoff. So we have to make a hard design =20
call. I'd rather have  mappings cached and timed out so they can be =20
updated when they need  to then to hold all the possible mappings for =20
the Internet in an  ITR.

There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all  possible =20
mappings or you fetch them when you need  them.

>    According to:  http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
>    &  11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
>     packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we  think
>    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough  potential adopters
>    would - and therefore make it  difficult or impossible for LISP or
>    any other such  solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
>    routing  scaling problem.

Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based  bridged network with =20
basically the same properties. First packet  loss is not persistent =20
when you look at all the traffic that  originates from a source site to =20
another destination  site.

The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the  host, you =20
could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is  available. Guess =20
what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you get  the DNS Reply. ;-) I =20
wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a host  needs an address to make =20
the connection, we can say it also needs a  locator to make a connection.

The design choice of LISP *is to just  change software in CPE devices* =20
to get the feature of decoupling  rather than changing all the hosts at =20
a site. That's a huge  deployment advantage. So these CPE devices get =20
packets before they  have mappings. We don't even want to consider a =20
host to CPE router  signaling protocol and all it's complexities to =20
solve this and to  keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop =20
on DNS, SIP, or  any other protocol that can give us a hint on where =20
the host is  about to send a packet.

So the cost is *either* first packet loss or  sending the packet on the =20
ALT using it as a request for a  mapping.

> 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
>     http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
>       http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png
>
>   [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.   Could
>       be partially solved by more meshiness,  but that would greatly
>       increase the  complexity of the network and so raise more
>        scaling problems.]

Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. So  it's not really =20
*another* problem.

> 3 - Problems creating  a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
>    speed the  flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
>     making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
>   tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it  is
>    an obvious problem.

If we can do this with BGP,  which we have decades of existence proof =20
why can't we do this with a  tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be =20
rehomed much quicker and  easily than physical links and boxes we have =20
to do with today,  allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the =20
ALT network, and  2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust =20
connectivity below  the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will =20
be less  route-flaps for EID-prefixes.

I think it's the complete opposite of  what you claim. I think BGP will =20
be more stable and scalable then  the underlying BGP. Plus, what we =20
propose for the use-case of BGP  uses quite a few features of it. =20
Recall this is eBGP over  GRE.

We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness  of =20
nodes on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a Map- =20
Request takes on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we  =20
can see the diameter of the tunnel. Not only do we have a solution  but =20
we use existing rudimentary tools for management.

And the  address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT =20
topology. And  if the Registries are involved in managing part of this =20
ALT network  (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this =20
consistent  relationship.

Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge  Robin.

There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have  secured =20
the ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for  routing use. =20
In fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on the  ALT to be =20
verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying  BGP.

And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2  address-=20
families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That  means we =20
can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk to  each other.

If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, you  could talk =20
to the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pretty  huge feature.

This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NATs,  no CGNS, and =20
no applications breaking.

> 4 - LISP-ALT's  Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>    This is  Christian Vogt's critique:
>     http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html

Not true. Aggregation here  is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do =20
not carry EID-prefixes  in their cores so you don't depend on them. The =20
decoupling of the  address creates this. The dependence is now on the =20
ALT. And if your  site resides in a specific region of the world, you =20
get your  EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain =20
would  only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's =20
leave  mobile ASes out of this for now).

> 5 - Path MTU Discovery  problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
>    others  discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
>     proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
>   they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no  problem.

In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe two  proposed =20
solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful. The  stateful =20
creates no new table data structures but requires storing  an addition =20
2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.

>  6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
>   http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html

You cannot fault a  technical design for a business case. A PTR is =20
solving a technical  problem. And if we want to *truly* keep lots of PI =20
type routes out  of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just =20
way too high in  opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.

And on the  contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect =20
providers,  registries, third-parties and even governments will provide =20
PTR  services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that =20
remains  to be seen.

> 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of  ITRs each
>    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise,  one ITR probing
>    reachability to many ETRs - this is one  view of the "Locator Path
>    Liveness Problem" of  draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
>     http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html

That is not  in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.  ;-)

Dave and  Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing =20
can be.  They do not take a position whether it should go into any =20
proposal.  They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may =20
result and  can be an interpretation to not do probing at all.

Like I mentioned in  a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the =20
question if an ITR  *should* switch from one RLOC to another when there =20
*may* be a path  failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*. =20
Please note my  very fine qualifications.

If we want to solve this problem, we could do  this today by having a =20
host switch it's TCP connection to another A  record. This doesn't =20
happen today because people deal with packet  loss, since it doesn't =20
last long *and* rerouting actually works  quite well.

Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget  it, "The =20
fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest  feature".

What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending  ICMP =20
Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they  are =20
filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures  close to =20
packet sources.

>> Unless these concerns are  adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
>> is an appropriate  solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
>> October 2006  Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
>> a proof by an  emphatic assertion.
>
> I agree entirely.
>
> I  believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -
> by  participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.

We  were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable request. So  =20
the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be  presented =20
in RRG.

As for the engineering issues, the real  details and bits and bytes, we =20
want a forum to discuss and work out  issues in an open forum. I've =20
been going to IETF for 20 years now,  that forum is called a working =20
group.

The working group  doesn't have to standardize what it is working on. =20
And the charter  and the numerous requests we have made requests *for =20
an experimental  working group*.

> Experiments won't help solve most of these  problems.  I am not
> against experimentation and I think it is  great that there is a LISP
> experimental network.
>
>  However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing
>  code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
>  implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental  problems.

There is constant implementation feedback back into the  design. =20
Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You start  with =20
something you think can hold together, you try things out, you  refine, =20
you revisit design, you go forward with implementation.  That's the =20
process of *detailed* engineering.

For the old  timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.

Sorry for the  long  email,
Dino

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rrg@irtf.org
http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg





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<DIV>
<DIV>Dino,</DIV>
<DIV>Just a simple question: Is the ALT GRE-tunnel hierarchy a tree ?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Heiner</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>In einer eMail vom 24.01.2009 20:51:53 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit sch=
reibt=20
dino@cisco.com:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000=20
  size=3D2>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; LISP has too many fundamental problems to be=20
  considered a<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; potentially practical solution.&nbsp; Som=
e of=20
  these problems require<BR><BR>LISP is not perfect and still evolving but l=
et=20
  me point out that every&nbsp; <BR>design has fundamental problems. At this=
=20
  scale, it's very hard to be&nbsp; <BR>perfect Robin. And as Noel has state=
d so=20
  many times, the hard&nbsp; <BR>decisions must be made to incrementally dep=
loy=20
  this. So things might&nbsp; <BR>not look pretty on the surface, but jeez,=20=
you=20
  got to do what you got&nbsp; <BR>to do. Else, this will all be=20
  academic.<BR><BR>We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is=20=
not=20
  lip&nbsp; <BR>service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the=20
  Internet,&nbsp; <BR>this is serious.<BR><BR>I want to address each of your=
 7=20
  points below. I have cc'ed the lisp@ietf.org <BR>&nbsp; mailing list so th=
e=20
  folks who want to focus on details of LISP can&nbsp; <BR>see this=20
  thread.<BR><BR>&gt; 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.&nb=
sp;=20
  This is either<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; due to sending the packets along the A=
LT=20
  network (which takes<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; time and involves sending=20
  substantial volumes of data packets<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; over the ALT netw=
ork,=20
  rather than just mapping requests) or to<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; sending mapp=
ing=20
  requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; respo=
nse=20
  before it attempts to send traffic packets.<BR><BR>We have a memory/bandwi=
dth=20
  tradeoff. So we have to make a hard design&nbsp; <BR>call. I'd rather have=
=20
  mappings cached and timed out so they can be&nbsp; <BR>updated when they n=
eed=20
  to then to hold all the possible mappings for&nbsp; <BR>the Internet in an=
=20
  ITR.<BR><BR>There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all=20
  possible&nbsp; <BR>mappings or you fetch them when you need=20
  them.<BR><BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; According to:=20
  http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &am=
p;=20
  11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nb=
sp;=20
  packets and send brief map request messages.&nbsp;&nbsp; Even if we=20
  think<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough=20
  potential adopters<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; would - and therefore make it=20
  difficult or impossible for LISP or<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; any other such=20
  solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; rou=
ting=20
  scaling problem.<BR><BR>Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based=20
  bridged network with&nbsp; <BR>basically the same properties. First packet=
=20
  loss is not persistent&nbsp; <BR>when you look at all the traffic that=20
  originates from a source site to&nbsp; <BR>another destination=20
  site.<BR><BR>The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the=20
  host, you&nbsp; <BR>could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is=20
  available. Guess&nbsp; <BR>what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you ge=
t=20
  the DNS Reply. ;-) I&nbsp; <BR>wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a ho=
st=20
  needs an address to make&nbsp; <BR>the connection, we can say it also need=
s a=20
  locator to make a connection.<BR><BR>The design choice of LISP *is to just=
=20
  change software in CPE devices*&nbsp; <BR>to get the feature of decoupling=
=20
  rather than changing all the hosts at&nbsp; <BR>a site. That's a huge=20
  deployment advantage. So these CPE devices get&nbsp; <BR>packets before th=
ey=20
  have mappings. We don't even want to consider a&nbsp; <BR>host to CPE rout=
er=20
  signaling protocol and all it's complexities to&nbsp; <BR>solve this and t=
o=20
  keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop&nbsp; <BR>on DNS, SIP,=20=
or=20
  any other protocol that can give us a hint on where&nbsp; <BR>the host is=20
  about to send a packet.<BR><BR>So the cost is *either* first packet loss o=
r=20
  sending the packet on the&nbsp; <BR>ALT using it as a request for a=20
  mapping.<BR><BR>&gt; 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;=
=20
  &nbsp; http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &n=
bsp;=20
  http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;&n=
bsp;=20
  &nbsp; &nbsp; [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.&nbsp;=
=20
  Could<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; be partially solved by more meshin=
ess,=20
  but that would greatly<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; increase the=20
  complexity of the network and so raise more<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nb=
sp;=20
  scaling problems.]<BR><BR>Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. S=
o=20
  it's not really&nbsp; <BR>*another* problem.<BR><BR>&gt; 3 - Problems crea=
ting=20
  a highly aggregated ALT network in order to<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; speed the=
=20
  flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;=
=20
  making the network robust against the failure of its routers and<BR>&gt;&n=
bsp;=20
  &nbsp; tunnels.&nbsp; This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it=20
  is<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; an obvious problem.<BR><BR>If we can do this with=20=
BGP,=20
  which we have decades of existence proof&nbsp; <BR>why can't we do this wi=
th a=20
  tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be&nbsp; <BR>rehomed much quicker an=
d=20
  easily than physical links and boxes we have&nbsp; <BR>to do with today,=20
  allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the&nbsp; <BR>ALT network, a=
nd=20
  2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust&nbsp; <BR>connectivity be=
low=20
  the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will&nbsp; <BR>be less=20
  route-flaps for EID-prefixes.<BR><BR>I think it's the complete opposite of=
=20
  what you claim. I think BGP will&nbsp; <BR>be more stable and scalable the=
n=20
  the underlying BGP. Plus, what we&nbsp; <BR>propose for the use-case of BG=
P=20
  uses quite a few features of it.&nbsp; <BR>Recall this is eBGP over=20
  GRE.<BR><BR>We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness=
=20
  of&nbsp; <BR>nodes on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a=20=
Map-=20
  <BR>Request takes on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we&nb=
sp;=20
  <BR>can see the diameter of the tunnel. Not only do we have a solution=20
  but&nbsp; <BR>we use existing rudimentary tools for management.<BR><BR>And=
 the=20
  address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT&nbsp; <BR>topology.=20=
And=20
  if the Registries are involved in managing part of this&nbsp; <BR>ALT netw=
ork=20
  (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this&nbsp; <BR>consistent=
=20
  relationship.<BR><BR>Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge=20
  Robin.<BR><BR>There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have=
=20
  secured&nbsp; <BR>the ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for=20
  routing use.&nbsp; <BR>In fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on=20=
the=20
  ALT to be&nbsp; <BR>verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying=
=20
  BGP.<BR><BR>And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2=20
  address- <BR>families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That=
=20
  means we&nbsp; <BR>can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk=20=
to=20
  each other.<BR><BR>If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, y=
ou=20
  could talk&nbsp; <BR>to the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pr=
etty=20
  huge feature.<BR><BR>This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NAT=
s,=20
  no CGNS, and&nbsp; <BR>no applications breaking.<BR><BR>&gt; 4 - LISP-ALT'=
s=20
  Aggregation implies provider dependence.<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; This is=20
  Christian Vogt's critique:<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html<BR><BR>Not true. Aggregation h=
ere=20
  is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do&nbsp; <BR>not carry EID-prefix=
es=20
  in their cores so you don't depend on them. The&nbsp; <BR>decoupling of th=
e=20
  address creates this. The dependence is now on the&nbsp; <BR>ALT. And if y=
our=20
  site resides in a specific region of the world, you&nbsp; <BR>get your=20
  EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain&nbsp; <BR>wou=
ld=20
  only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's&nbsp; <BR>lea=
ve=20
  mobile ASes out of this for now).<BR><BR>&gt; 5 - Path MTU Discovery=20
  problems.&nbsp; Despite Fred Templin, myself and<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; othe=
rs=20
  discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbs=
p;=20
  proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate<BR>&gt;&nb=
sp;=20
  &nbsp; they have a solution.&nbsp; They seem to think there is no=20
  problem.<BR><BR>In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe=20=
two=20
  proposed&nbsp; <BR>solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful.=
 The=20
  stateful&nbsp; <BR>creates no new table data structures but requires stori=
ng=20
  an addition&nbsp; <BR>2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.<BR><BR>&=
gt;=20
  6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:<BR>&gt;&nbsp;=20
  &nbsp; http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html<BR><BR>You cannot fault=
 a=20
  technical design for a business case. A PTR is&nbsp; <BR>solving a technic=
al=20
  problem. And if we want to *truly* keep lots of PI&nbsp; <BR>type routes o=
ut=20
  of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just&nbsp; <BR>way too hig=
h in=20
  opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.<BR><BR>And on the=20
  contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect&nbsp; <BR>providers=
,=20
  registries, third-parties and even governments will provide&nbsp; <BR>PTR=20
  services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that&nbsp; <BR>rem=
ains=20
  to be seen.<BR><BR>&gt; 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands=20=
of=20
  ITRs each<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; probing reachability to one ETR, and likewi=
se,=20
  one ITR probing<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; reachability to many ETRs - this is o=
ne=20
  view of the "Locator Path<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp; Liveness Problem" of=20
  draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.<BR>&gt;&nbsp; &nbsp;=20
  http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html<BR><BR>That is=20=
not=20
  in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.&nbsp; ;-)<BR><BR>Dave and=20
  Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing&nbsp; <BR>can=20=
be.=20
  They do not take a position whether it should go into any&nbsp; <BR>propos=
al.=20
  They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may&nbsp; <BR>result=
 and=20
  can be an interpretation to not do probing at all.<BR><BR>Like I mentioned=
 in=20
  a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the&nbsp; <BR>question if an=20=
ITR=20
  *should* switch from one RLOC to another when there&nbsp; <BR>*may* be a p=
ath=20
  failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*.&nbsp; <BR>Please note my=
=20
  very fine qualifications.<BR><BR>If we want to solve this problem, we coul=
d do=20
  this today by having a&nbsp; <BR>host switch it's TCP connection to anothe=
r A=20
  record. This doesn't&nbsp; <BR>happen today because people deal with packe=
t=20
  loss, since it doesn't&nbsp; <BR>last long *and* rerouting actually works=20
  quite well.<BR><BR>Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never fo=
rget=20
  it, "The&nbsp; <BR>fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest=20
  feature".<BR><BR>What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending=20
  ICMP&nbsp; <BR>Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or=20=
they=20
  are&nbsp; <BR>filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures=20
  close to&nbsp; <BR>packet sources.<BR><BR>&gt;&gt; Unless these concerns a=
re=20
  adequately addressed, claiming that LISP<BR>&gt;&gt; is an appropriate=20
  solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's<BR>&gt;&gt; October 2006=20
  Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than<BR>&gt;&gt; a proof b=
y an=20
  emphatic assertion.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; I agree entirely.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; I=20
  believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -<BR>&gt;=
 by=20
  participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.<BR><BR>=
We=20
  were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable request. So&nbsp;=20
  <BR>the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be=20
  presented&nbsp; <BR>in RRG.<BR><BR>As for the engineering issues, the real=
=20
  details and bits and bytes, we&nbsp; <BR>want a forum to discuss and work=20=
out=20
  issues in an open forum. I've&nbsp; <BR>been going to IETF for 20 years no=
w,=20
  that forum is called a working&nbsp; <BR>group.<BR><BR>The working group=20
  doesn't have to standardize what it is working on.&nbsp; <BR>And the chart=
er=20
  and the numerous requests we have made requests *for&nbsp; <BR>an experime=
ntal=20
  working group*.<BR><BR>&gt; Experiments won't help solve most of these=20
  problems.&nbsp; I am not<BR>&gt; against experimentation and I think it is=
=20
  great that there is a LISP<BR>&gt; experimental network.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt;=20
  However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing<BR>&g=
t;=20
  code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible<BR>&gt;=20
  implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental=20
  problems.<BR><BR>There is constant implementation feedback back into the=20
  design.&nbsp; <BR>Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You sta=
rt=20
  with&nbsp; <BR>something you think can hold together, you try things out,=20=
you=20
  refine,&nbsp; <BR>you revisit design, you go forward with implementation.=20
  That's the&nbsp; <BR>process of *detailed* engineering.<BR><BR>For the old=
=20
  timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.<BR><BR>Sorry for t=
he=20
  long=20
  email,<BR>Dino<BR><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>r=
rg=20
  mailing=20
  list<BR>rrg@irtf.org<BR>http://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/rrg<BR></FONT=
></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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=20
In einer eMail vom 26.01.2009 04:07:23 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit schreibt=
 =20
bensons@queuefull.net:

I have a  concern about the economic aspects of stretch, specifically
related to  peering in routing systems where topology follows address
assignment more  closely than today's Internet.


This is one of the main differences with TARA: There a topological  view is=20
constructed such that stretch becomes 1 and  not like here  where stretch is=
=20
that what will turn out to be by chance.
=20
Heiner
=20

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<DIV>
<DIV>In einer eMail vom 26.01.2009 04:07:23 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit sch=
reibt=20
bensons@queuefull.net:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>I have a=20
  concern about the economic aspects of stretch, specifically<BR>related to=20
  peering in routing systems where topology follows address<BR>assignment mo=
re=20
  closely than today's Internet.</FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>This is one of the main differences with TARA: There&nbsp;a topological=
=20
view is constructed such that stretch&nbsp;becomes 1 and&nbsp; not like here=
=20
where stretch is that what will turn out to be by chance.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Heiner</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>

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=20
In einer eMail vom 26.01.2009 04:07:41 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit schreibt=
 =20
jzwiebel@cisco.com:

The  sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.
The reply and  all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs
The ALT is merely there to  provide the correct mapping.





Prior arguing with long-path, stretch etc. I have another informative =20
question (maybe I missed something too during the discussion): Why LISP 1.5=20=
?  Why=20
not LISP 2 ? or directly:
Why doesn't the ITR intercept and enhance the DNS lookup as to also request=20=
=20
the eRLOC address in addition to the dest IP address? It can also intercept=20
the  respective response and store (EID, eRLOC).
=20
I also ask this because wrt my TARA solution I would do the alike: The =20
difference is only that the eRLOC information, to be retrieved from  DNS, ar=
e just=20
the geographical coordinates of the ETR (as by experimental  RFC 1712).
So far I cannot see why there is a  (compelling ?) reason fro the ALT =20
hierarchy at all. =20
=20
Thanks for answers to my question,
Heiner
=20
=20

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<BODY id=3Drole_body style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: #000000; FONT-FAMILY:=20=
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e_document=20
face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=3D2>
<DIV>
<DIV>In einer eMail vom 26.01.2009 04:07:41 Westeurop=E4ische Normalzeit sch=
reibt=20
jzwiebel@cisco.com:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE=20
style=3D"PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: blue 2px solid"><=
FONT=20
  style=3D"BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent" face=3DArial color=3D#000000 size=
=3D2>The=20
  sub-optimal routing will only be for the LISP map-request.<BR>The reply an=
d=20
  all encapsulated data traffic is between RLOCs<BR>The ALT is merely there=20=
to=20
  provide the correct mapping.<BR><BR></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Prior arguing with long-path, stretch etc. I have another informative=20
question (maybe I missed something too during the discussion): Why LISP 1.5=20=
?=20
Why not LISP 2 ? or directly:</DIV>
<DIV>Why doesn't the ITR intercept and enhance the DNS lookup as to also req=
uest=20
the eRLOC address in addition to the dest IP address? It can also intercept=20=
the=20
respective response and store (EID, eRLOC).</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>I also ask this because wrt my TARA solution I would do the alike: The=20
difference is only that the eRLOC information, to be retrieved from=20
DNS,&nbsp;are just the geographical coordinates of the ETR (as by experiment=
al=20
RFC 1712).</DIV>
<DIV>So far I cannot see why there is a&nbsp; (compelling ?) reason fro the=20=
ALT=20
hierarchy at all.&nbsp;&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks for answers to my question,</DIV>
<DIV>Heiner</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
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Cc: rrg@irtf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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> Prior arguing with long-path, stretch etc. I have another  
> informative question (maybe I missed something too during the  
> discussion): Why LISP 1.5 ? Why not LISP 2 ? or directly:
> Why doesn't the ITR intercept and enhance the DNS lookup as to also  
> request the eRLOC address in addition to the dest IP address? It can  
> also intercept the respective response and store (EID, eRLOC).

1) Because not all communication uses DNS.
2) Because DNS queries go out one xTR and replies can come in through  
another xTR.
3) Because you don't want a architectural circular dependency between  
directory and routing.

Do you want more reasons?

Dino
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Cc: rrg@irtf.org, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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> My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he  
> announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's great  
> from a routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to  
> another net (dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to announce my EID  
> into the ALT via that path if I wanted to continue serving that EID  
> during an outage of my primary (asp) connectivity?
>

Yes, you would. And you would peer at the level before the aggregation  
level router. So in the real world, you would peer with sub-parts of  
your region's registry.

> At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary  
> upstream sees it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path.  
> So do all of my xTRs need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID
>

Not divert, but you want the shortest path to your site for Map- 
Requests. So each of your xTRs will have GRE tunnels where their  
"tunnel source <foo>" configuration will have <foo> be the locator  
address from each attached upstream.

> allocators in order to avoid de-aggregation in the ALT tables while  
> maintaining fault tolerant connectivity? What happens if an AS-wide  
> fault takes down all of my allocator's ALT routers? I understand  
> that my RLOCs are still aggregated by the underlying network's  
> routing regardless.
>

Right, no deaggregation anywhere. You don't have to TE with more  
specific injection on the ALT, you use your tunnel locators for this.

Also, we want you to have a low opex xTRs, so when *you do not run BGP  
on your xTRs*, it will be your upstreams will "redistribute static tag  
<foo>". And they won't need to deaggregate as well because you will be  
*within* their aggregation level.

> It would be good to discuss what all of this looks like for network  
> engineering purposes. For instance from the perspective of ALT  
> traffic engineering, an end-site xTR with end users surfing the web  
> will probably have a moderate collection of EID mappings that stay  
> refreshed (Google, Twitter, corp intranet, etc) and a small  
> collection of mappings that get used and expire (my blog, which  
> nobody reads twice). This is different from an xTR in front of a  
> public website, which will basically build a huge collection of  
> mappings and have to worry more about the database size than  
> anything else.
>

Mappings get refreshed locally in the xTR based on data flow. So you  
don't need to continually Map-Request the site. Plus, you can use the  
old ARP trick. That is, give yourself enough time before the entry  
times out, to request to see if the mapping is still current. And only  
do that when there is data flow against the entry.

Dino



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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg]  Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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    > From: HeinerHummel@aol.com

    > Why LISP 1.5=20?  Why not LISP 2 ? or directly:
    > Why doesn't the ITR intercept and enhance the DNS lookup as to also request
    > the eRLOC address in addition to the dest IP address? It can also
    > intercept the respective response and store (EID, eRLOC).

I don't know what the thinking of other people working on LISP is, but I can
give you my thoughts on this point.

Simply put, I don't like designs which _invisibly, outside the host_ tie into
the DNS because it takes two separate subsystems (DNS resolution, and basic
packet forwarding), and tangles them together, which is bad engineering for a
number of reasons (makes it harder to make further changes, creates more
mutual dependencies, increases overall fragility/brittleness, etc).

Some NAT variants do this too, and I especially didn't like them either! :-)

        Noel
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Locator liveness problem
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> You are saying that to each entry in your cache you add a 32-bit value
> that tells the loc-reach-bit you sent to that site the last time you
> sent  a packet toward it?
> Is this what you meant?

Yes, but I haven't implemented this yet.

Dino

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Subject: Re: [lisp] The case for Map-Updates
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> My point here is that loc-reach-bits should not be trusted, but used  
> as
> an hint and confirmed by Map-Request/Map-Reply exchange.
> Only if the updated mapping confirms the change in reachability, then
> the traffic is shifted to different rlocs.

Yes, they are a hint.

Dino

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Cc: rrg RG <rrg@irtf.org>, int-area@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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> In the "stateless" case, having the LISP ITR return
> packet-too-bigs with degenerate MTUs (i.e., MTUs less
> than 1500) is going to leave source hosts with an
> unsatisfactory experience that they would not incur
> without an ITR/ETR in the middle.

Ah, then that motivates to upgrade MTUs.

> In the stateful case, LISP relies on a brittle mechanism
> that has known vulnerabilities (e.g., [RFC2923]) and can
> easily be spoofed by off-path attackers.

Are you saying MTU Discovery is flawed?

> RANGER/SEAL fixes both of these problems and much more.

With a lot more machinery and state. Let's not start this conversation  
again.

> Fine qualifications noted (I think). About the LISP
> locator reachability bits, that seems like a lot of
> overhead to carry on each and every packet, and it

4 bytes per packet? Sorry, I don't think so.

> also seems to assume symmetric paths. RANGER assumes
> unidirectional tunnels and path asymmetry, i.e., if
> Site 1's packets use ITR A and go through ETR B at
> Site 2, the return traffic could actually come through
> Site 2's ITR C. In the LISP locator reachability case,
> how does C know anything about the reachability of A?

It can send a Map-Request. But active-active on ingress and egress  
will be the norm.

> Although RANGER could send locator reachability bits
> in control messages as an optimization, its primary
> mechanism is through having the ITR probe the forward
> path to the ITR. Probing is by setting an "ack request"
> bit on every Nth data packet (+/- some delta if
> randomization is desired) and then observing whether
> a steady stream of ACKs comes back.

This doesn't work because if you are going to claim liveness through a  
protocol, you have to send control packets all the time from M ITRs to  
N ETRs. If you claim liveness, you have to do this before you send  
packets. So putting the probe in data packets is not sufficient.

And if you send probes all the time from M ITRs to N ETRs, you have a  
huge scaling problem.

> LISP also doesn't seem to take into account that a multi-
> homed site can partition, such that locator reachability
> does not necessarily imply end system reachability via
> specific locators. Nor does it provide a means for an ETR
> (A) to inform the ITR of a better ETR (B) when paths get
> stretched. RANGER has a means to accommodate this.

Can you state some disadvantages of RANGER? There is no such thing as  
a free lunch, so your design has to make tradeoffs, but you seem to  
never state them.

>> If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today by having a
>> host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This doesn't
>> happen today because people deal with packet loss, since it doesn't
>> last long *and* rerouting actually works quite well.
>>
>> Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget it, "The
>> fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".
>>
>> What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP
>> Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are
>> filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures close to
>> packet sources.
>
> RANGER can listen for ICMP unreachables coming from network
> middleboxes that it can verify as on-path by checking the

Non-starter, you will not get ICMP unreachables, period. So if you  
solely depend on it, the solution is a non-starter.

> SEAL_ID. In a RANGER world, network middleboxes would be
> encouraged to turn the ICMPs back on because site border
> xTRs will have a means to detect spoofing (i.e., the SEAL_ID).
> But, this is an optimization only; nothing in RANGER depends
> on getting the ICMPs from middleboxes.

You have to turn it on in all transit routers. You will get objection  
to this. It will never happen and if you think it could possibly  
happen, it will take forever.

Dino

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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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    > From: Dino Farinacci <dino@cisco.com>

    > if you are going to claim liveness through a protocol, you have to send
    > control packets all the time from M ITRs to N ETRs.

I find this terminology somewhat non-intuitive, and wonder if it's too late
to change it. To me, "liveness" would imply as to whether something is live
or dead, i.e. up or down. (Such state detection can obviously be performed on
ITR I1's behalf by I2, and the result communicated locally from I2 to I1.)

The issue of whether packets from ITR Im can reach ETR En (which is where you
run into the need for M*N) I would describe as "reachability". (So if there's
a routing problem, or an access control setting, that prevents I1 from
getting to E7 even through I1 can get to E8 and I2 can get to E7, that would
be a reachability problem on the {I1, E7} pairing.) I seem to recall this
term being used in at least one routing protocol, although I can't now recall
which one.

        Noel
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Cc: routing-discussion@ietf.org, int-area@ietf.org, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] [Int-area] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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Short version:   Responding to Dino's reply to my critiques of LISP.

                 The LISP team should do detailed critiques of APT
                 and Ivip as part of convincing IETF folks of the
                 merits of LISP-ALT.

                 Will it be possible to do firmware upgrades so all
                 DFZ routers ca. 2014 will handle packets with
                 modified IPv4 and IPv6 headers, to forward the
                 packets the ISP network of the ETR, without
                 encapsulation, its overheads and PMTUD problems?

                 If so, then maybe we could go straight to this
                 approach and forget about encapsulation and all
                 its complexities.


Hi Dino,

Thanks for your reply:

> Sorry for the long email,

We are attempting to re-engineer one of humanity's most excellent and
important communication networks.  Long detailed messages are often
appropriate.


>>   LISP has too many fundamental problems to be considered a
>>   potentially practical solution.  Some of these problems require
>
> LISP is not perfect and still evolving but let me point out that
> every design has fundamental problems. At this scale, it's very
> hard to be perfect Robin. And as Noel has stated so many times, the
> hard decisions must be made to incrementally deploy this. So things
> might not look pretty on the surface, but jeez, you got to do what
> you got to do. Else, this will all be academic.

I wasn't suggesting a proposal should be perfect.  I pointed out
problems which I consider to be fundamental - not "on the surface".
Some can be fixed by adding new design elements, but I think the
others are only fixable by radically altering the current design.

I stand corrected about LISP's approach to PMTUD - the latest draft
does include an outline of a workable solution.


> We really want to solve this problem, sincerely. This is not lip
> service, we are not just writing papers, we want to rev the
> Internet, this is serious.

I have always known you and the other LISP folks really care for the
Net and are working hard to devise the best possible improvements.

Despite it only having had broad-based commercial, political and
inter-personal impact in the last 15 years, the Internet is a
momentous development in human relations.  We all want to see changes
which will enable it to remain technically viable - and hopefully
elegant - for the long-term future.

However, I think you jumped straight into some seemingly attractive
approaches which turn out to have problems I consider to be serious.

It seems that you and the APT folks thought for a few moments about a
real-time mapping system and figured it was out of the question.  I
think it is not at all out of the question - and when you have
real-time mapping distribution, you can do some elegant and valuable
things:

1 - Separate out reachability testing and ETR choice mechanisms and
    let (actually require) the end-user networks to do it themselves
    - or pay someone else to do it for them.

2 - Enable the end-user networks to do real-time incoming TE control.

3 - Send the mapping update stream to local query servers, so there
    is reliable and very fast responses to mapping requests - and
    therefore no need to delay or drop initial packets.

4 - Charge a small fee per update to pay for most of the mapping
    distribution system.

5 - Provide much better support for the TTR approach to mobility:

      http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/TTR-Mobility.pdf

I think the ALT system is a lot niftier than CONS, but still, you are
delaying initial packets (APT and Ivip are not), forcing every ITR to
do its own reachability testing and monolithically integrating those
testing and ETR choice mechanisms into the core-edge separation
scheme itself.

I don't think we should be rushed into thinking we can't possibly
have local full-database query servers in ISPs and larger end-user
networks, or that it is impossible to push the mapping to them in a
few seconds (real-time).  One advantage of the real-time approach
over LISP-ALT, APT's approach or the TRRP DNS-like global query
server approach is that it is streamlined and includes multiple
mapping changes (dozens or perhaps a hundred IPv4 mapping changes) in
a single packet.


> I want to address each of your 7 points below. I have cc'ed the
> lisp@ietf.org mailing list so the folks who want to focus on details of
> LISP can see this thread.

OK, we are also transmitting to routing-discussion@ietf.org and
int-area@ietf.org .


>> 1 - Delays in delivering initial packets in a flow.  This is either
>>    due to sending the packets along the ALT network (which takes
>>    time and involves sending substantial volumes of data packets
>>    over the ALT network, rather than just mapping requests) or to
>>    sending mapping requests only, and waiting for the ITR to get a
>>    response before it attempts to send traffic packets.
> 
> We have a memory/bandwidth tradeoff. So we have to make a hard design
> call. I'd rather have mappings cached and timed out so they can be
> updated when they need to then to hold all the possible mappings for the
> Internet in an ITR.
> 
> There is no such thing of a free lunch. You either store all possible
> mappings or you fetch them when you need them.

That is the dichotomy between LISP-CONS/ALT and LISP-NERD.  However
there is another approach (APT and Ivip): full push to local query
servers.

RAM and hard drive space is very cheap.  The query servers don't need
to be Cisco-style routers.  They can be COTS or high-reliability
rack-mount PCs - with gigabytes of RAM and terabytes of hard disk
storage.

In Ivip, IPv4 mapping consists of 12 bytes:

  Start of the micronet  (32 bits)
  Length of the micronet (32 bits, but typically 16 or less)
  ETR address            (32 bits)

So if you have a COTS server with 16GB of RAM (this will no-doubt be
the common amount of RAM in PCs by the time a core-edge separation
scheme is deployed) then you can easily dedicate 12GB for mapping
information.  That is a billion micronets (more or less, depending on
the storage format), which will do the trick for many years to come.
 (IPv6 mapping is more bloated, but there is a longer time-frame for
implementing millions or billions of IPv6 micronets - time for RAM to
get cheaper still).

I think you - and the designers of APT and TRRP - have been somewhat
captive to established ways of thinking about how to solve a
"routing" problem: with more "routing" style structures.  This means
more routers, more messages and replies zipping around the world etc.
 It doesn't have to be like this.

I need to do more work on the fast-push system of Ivip - but you are
welcome to critique it in its current form:

  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip-db-fast-push-00

If your design choice with LISP is optimal, or the only one you think
is available, then you should be able to point out why it is
impractical or undesirable to use an approach such as Ivip's:
real-time fast push on a global basis to local query servers, with
local pull from there to ITRs, followed by pushed updates from the
query server to the ITRs if a micronet's mapping changes within the
caching time of the mapping reply.

Likewise, you presumably have a critique about the practicality or
desirability of APT: slow push to local query servers (Default
Mappers) in each ISP, local pull from ITRs querying the Default
Mappers, local push of mapping updates from DMs to those ITRs which
need it (I think) and (again, my recollection) the Default Mappers,
rather than the ITRs, doing reachability testing and choosing which
ITR address an ITR uses.

The Net will soon be delivering gigabytes of video data to homes, in
near-real-time, for a few dollars.  Generally, a packet can be sent
from any host to any other host in 0.2 seconds or less.

In this scenario, why do you think global push to local query servers
- including high-speed, real-time push - is impractical or
undesirable?


>>    According to: http://www.lisp4.net/docs/lisp-ausnog02.ppt pp 10
>>    & 11 the experimental LISP ALT network's ITRs drop initial
>>    packets and send brief map request messages.   Even if we think
>>    this delay doesn't matter, I am sure enough potential adopters
>>    would - and therefore make it difficult or impossible for LISP or
>>    any other such solution to be widely enough adopted to solve the
>>    routing scaling problem.
> 
> Then why was/is ARP deployed in a 10^4 host-based bridged network with
> basically the same properties. First packet loss is not persistent when
> you look at all the traffic that originates from a source site to
> another destination site.

This doesn't apply to small end-user networks.  If there are to be
hundreds of millions of these sites, meaning hundreds of millions of
EIDs or (Ivip) micronets - then these are mainly going to be small
"sites", such as home offices, or more likely mobile devices.  The
initial packet delay will directly impact usability, since there may
only be one human user at each such "site".

If many small "sites" use a common ITRs in a large ISP, there will be
less trouble with this, since it will be more common for one site to
generate a packet to some EID/micronet which the ITR has mapping
from, due to another "site" sending a packet there too.  However, the
frequent delay of initial packets (actually, it seems you are
planning to drop all initial packets) will still be a problem.

If LISP is not meant to scale to a hundred million or a billion or
whatever "sites", then by whatever same smaller target number of
EIDs, micronets or whatever, this would make alternative approaches
such as Ivip or APT even more immune from whatever scalability
critiques you might make of them.

> The host vendors are probably thinking, if we do LISP in the host, you
> could wait to send your TCP SYN before the mapping is available. 

On IPv4, with most human-used hosts behind NAT, you can't put a LISP
ITR in the sending host, because the map reply won't come back to the
host.

In a scenario in which LISP is widely - ubiquitously - deployed, many
DNS servers are going to be on EID space.  This means the ITR will
often need to do a mapping lookup before it can send a DNS request.
The sending host will be on EID space and so the DNS server's ITR
will need to do a mapping lookup too before it can send the return
packet.  This will suck to a high degree in the current arrangement
where the DNS server sends a single packet.  The ITR of the DNS
server will drop that packet and send a mapping request for the
original sending host's EID.  Then, after a while, the sending host
will realise it got no DNS response.  If it sends the same request to
the same DNS server, it will get a response back quickly, since now,
the DNS server's ITR has the sending host's mapping in its cache.

But what if the sending hosts does it it might reasonably do: send
the request to a different DNS server?  Then the same pattern as
above occurs again.


> Guess
> what, you don't send that TCP SYN before you get the DNS Reply. ;-) I
> wonder why? Well I'll spell it out. If a host needs an address to make
> the connection, we can say it also needs a locator to make a connection.

So you are proposing that every DNS reply also include full LISP
mapping for every one or more EIDs of the one or more IP addresses
returned?  I doubt if that will always fit in one packet.

> The design choice of LISP *is to just change software in CPE devices* to
> get the feature of decoupling rather than changing all the hosts at a
> site. 

OK . . . LISP mutates again!   I have been following LISP intently
since about March 2007 and I don't recall any mention of changes to
hosts or to CPE - by which I guess you mean DSL, cable and fibre
router/firewalls.

Do you propose putting the ITR function in the DSL
modem-router-firewall?  That is not such a bad idea, since it has
(presumably) a public IP address and so can receive the map reply
message from the globally distant query server (in the case of LISP,
the mapping queries are typically answered by the destination
end-user network's ETR).

Ivip has the option for putting ITR functions in a sending host which
has a public address, or in a device such as a
DSL-modem-router-firewall.  It would not be out of the question to
put an ITR function in the sending host behind NAT, but then the
sending host would need to build a persistent tunnel through NAT to
the one or more local query servers - in order to receive mapping
updates from those query servers.  That is possible, but not part of
the current plan.

> That's a huge deployment advantage.

I don't see any advantage in terms of deployment, since it involves
changes to more and more equipment, including customer equipment.
Ivip's ITFH (ITR Function in Host) is optional - if it is cheap and
convenient to do this for servers or devices like DSL-routers, then
by all means do so.  It only makes sense when the device is
well-connected.  It would be a bad idea to put an ITR function in a
host or router at the edge of the network connected by a slow,
expensive or unreliable link such as a wireless link.

> So these CPE devices get packets before they have mappings.

OK - for instance, the ITR function is in a DSL-modem-router-firewall
device.

> We don't even want to consider a host
> to CPE router signaling protocol and all it's complexities to solve this
> and to keep the architecture pure, we don't want to snoop on DNS, SIP,
> or any other protocol that can give us a hint on where the host is about
> to send a packet.

I agree.


> So the cost is *either* first packet loss or sending the packet on the
> ALT using it as a request for a mapping.

These are not the only choices.

Another choice is to using a different architecture with local query
servers - as does APT and Ivip.   I think you have approached this
without thinking widely enough about the alternative ways of doing
things which are different from traditional approaches like routers
and DNS.

If you send the packet on the ALT network (for the purposes of
delivering it to the ETR ASAP, as well as to elicit a mapping reply
from that ETR) then you are going to greatly increase the volume of
traffic on the ALT network.  Many of these packets will be short -
but what if someone sends a 1500 or 9000 byte packet?

If you don't send the packet via the ALT network, then you either
drop it, or delay it until the mapping arrives.  But that could be
longer than 0.5 or 1.0 seconds, considering how many ALT routers the
mapping request packet needs to go through to get to the ETR, how
these ALT routers could be all over the world, and how the ETR could
be on the other side of the world anyway.  This is a lot slower than
the current system which usually takes 0.2 seconds or less to
delivers packet anywhere in the world.  (The round trip from
Melbourne Australia to Latvia is about 400ms.)


>> 2 - LISP-ALT's long-path problem
>>      http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01676.html
>>      http://www.antd.nist.gov/~ksriram/strong_aggregation.png
>>
>>      [Fix? Another fundamental problem in the architecture.  Could
>>       be partially solved by more meshiness, but that would greatly
>>       increase the complexity of the network and so raise more
>>       scaling problems.]
> 
> Well this I believe is a duplicate of 1 above. So it's not really
> *another* problem.

In terms of delaying packets, I agree.  Do you agree the long-path
critique is valid?

The long path involves more than delay.  It involves traffic flowing
(often) all around the world due to the fact that the highly
aggregated structure of the ALT network will frequently result in
different levels of the ALT hierarchy of routers being distributed
all around the globe, since the physical location of organisations
who are responsible for various parts of the address space does not
correlate very strongly with geography or the topology of the Net.

This is a traffic burden, particularly if you are sending initial
packets on the ALT network for ASAP delivery to the ETR, rather than
just map requests.  (However, Ivip involves pumping mapping
information around the globe anyway, and if your ALT network only
handles requests, not traffic packets, the actual volume of traffic
should not be too much of a problem.)

Each operator of each ALT router needs to have a commercial
relationship with those other ALT routers they connect with.
Otherwise, why would they accept the traffic?  I haven't seen any
business plan for the commercial relationships which pay for the ALT
routers and their traffic.

Ivip's fast push system involves a charge per update, which will
finance the construction and running costs of most of the fast-push
system, which will be run collectively by the various RUAS (Root
Update Authorisation System) companies, each of which generates the
real-time mapping changes for multiple MABs (Mapped Address Blocks -
BGP-advertised prefixes encompassing thousands, or hundreds of
thousands of micronets).


>> 3 - Problems creating a highly aggregated ALT network in order to
>>    speed the flow of packets up and down the hierarchy, while also
>>    making the network robust against the failure of its routers and
>>    tunnels.  This has not been discussed much on the RRG, but it is
>>    an obvious problem.
> 
> If we can do this with BGP, which we have decades of existence proof why
> can't we do this with a tunnel topology 1) where a tunnel can be rehomed
> much quicker and easily than physical links and boxes we have to do with
> today, allowing aggregation to occur at the edges of the ALT network,
> and 2) these tunnels stay up because there is robust connectivity below
> the tunnel level to keep them up, hence there will be less route-flaps
> for EID-prefixes.

I don't recall any prior mention of rapidly reconstructing tunnels to
maintain the ALT topology.  I agree with your point 2 that the
tunnels will be reasonably robust due to relying on existing
connectivity which is generally ensured by BGP.

But what happens when two ALT routers loose their connection for a
moment?  Do they try to set up one or more tunnels with the same role
in the ALT topology as the one which just died?  This is your point
1.  It could get messy, but I guess it could be done, by using other
interfaces which, for some reason (I guess) have connectivity while
the interfaces used for the first tunnel don't.  But that is the sort
of situation which I think BGP would naturally resolve, generally in
a few seconds or less.

My concern is more about what happens if an ALT router dies.   In
your highly aggregated hierarchy, a mid-level ALT router is a single
point of failure for sending mapping requests to all the ETRs in the
branch below this router and from all the ITRs in that branch to ETRs
outside the branch.

When a mid-level router dies, you can't just re-establish tunnels -
it is dead.  The routers below need to establish tunnels to another
ALT router which can take the dead one's place.

How is this going to work?  Say one lower-level router finds it can't
reach the mid-level router in question, it is going to assume the
mid-level router is dead.  So the lower-level router tries to set up
a tunnel to the one or more backups.  If it does so, either this
won't work at all, or the next level up will have to adapt to the
original mid-level router having routes for most of its patch of the
ALT address space, but with the backup having the router for the
smaller patch of space handled by the lower-level router which just
made a tunnel to the backup mid-level router.

> I think it's the complete opposite of what you claim. I think BGP will
> be more stable and scalable then the underlying BGP. 

I assume you mean that the BGP of the ALT network, operating over
tunnels, will be more stable than the BGP of the Internet.  This is
your point 2, and I largely agree.  But what if an ALT router dies?

> Plus, what we
> propose for the use-case of BGP uses quite a few features of it. Recall
> this is eBGP over GRE.
> 
> We have an infrastructure where we can 1) ping to see liveness of nodes
> on the ALT. We have traceroute to determine the path a Map-Request takes
> on the ALT. We can ping/traceroute "underneath" so we can see the
> diameter of the tunnel. 

I don't understand "diameter" in this context.

> Not only do we have a solution but we use
> existing rudimentary tools for management.
> 
> And the address allocation hierarchy can map this logical ALT topology.
> And if the Registries are involved in managing part of this ALT network
> (which we hope and think they will), we can keep this consistent
> relationship.
> 
> Do you realize the goodness of this? It's huge Robin.

I am sure you can make the ALT network reasonably robust, at a cost
of complexity and with a loss of the original attractive design goal:
a very high degree of aggregation.

I imagine you can reduce the excessively long paths by collapsing the
network as much as possible to reduce the number of levels a packet
typically has to ascend and descend.  This will reduce the
"long-path" problem significantly.  But then, each participating
mid-level ALT router (there are fewer of them) covers a larger part
of the address space, and my concerns above become more acute, when
such a router fails or becomes really unreachable.

I imagine you can reduce the geographical scatter component of the
long-path problem by centralizing the ALT routers geographically.
However, that privileges some operators and creates costs and
difficulties for others.

I still think it is fundamentally wrong to have a global query server
network for any system like this, where waiting for mapping replies
involves delaying or dropping traffic packets.

I think a much better solution is to push the mapping to local query
servers in each ISP (APT and Ivip) - and into any larger end-user
networks which want to run their own local query servers (Ivip) so
their ITRs can get marginally faster, more reliable, responses than
by using the query servers of their ISPs.


> There's more too, you then throw SIDR in the mix and we have secured the
> ALT, we have secured mappings, we created a PKI for routing use. In
> fact, the first SIDR deployment could happen on the ALT to be
> verified/experimented before it goes on the underlying BGP.

PKI is a great idea, but I think most people believe it is highly
desirable to find solutions which do not require it.


> And note, that the infrastructure will/does carry exactly 2
> address-families. So we can do 6-to-6-over-4 with this approach. That
> means we can get two site to be *IPv6-only* and be able to talk to each
> other.
> 
> If you are a IPv6-only site now or a dual-stack site, you could talk to
> the new IPv6 Google services. I think this is a pretty huge feature.
> 
> This is clean and architecturally pure, no double NATs, no CGNS, and no
> applications breaking.

Are you discussing just the mapping queries going over the ALT
network?  Or are you discussing the use of LISP to enable, for
instance, two IPv6 sites to communicate via the IPv4 Internet, while
one or both sites has no native IPv6 connectivity?   A concrete
example would help.


>> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>>    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
> 
> Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do
> not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them. The
> decoupling of the address creates this. 

Christian's critique is not that an end-user network which has
(permanently, by some arrangement) a slice of EID space is bound to
its current ISP (the one it uses for connectivity).

The critique is on this potentially erroneous basis: that the
end-user network is bound to maintaining connectivity (via a tunnel)
to the ALT router which handles this part of the EID space.  It needs
to do this so mapping queries for its EID space will get to its ETR.

The potentially faulty aspect of this is the assumption that the
end-user network runs its own ETR.

But if its one or more ISPs run the ETR this end-user network uses,
then the end-user network still depends on those ETRs having tunnels
to potentially distant ALT router for its section of the EID space.

I don't know if anyone has considered the scaling problems of a busy
ETR maintaining tunnels to about as many ALT routers as the end-user
networks it handles packets for.

The ALT router for this section of the EID space will, I assume, be
located at some ISP somewhere, or some other commercial organisation
which rents out the EID space to this end-user network.

Maybe that organisation is an RIR.  But when this scales to tens or
hundreds of millions of end-user networks (I assume this is a goal of
LISP - it is of Ivip) I doubt if RIRs will want to be dealing with a
hundred million end-user networks directly, either for address
assignment or for tunnels to receive mapping requests to their ETRs
from the ALT network.

For these large scaling arrangements, there will need to be
potentially multiple levels of address splitting.  Ivip allows for
this, and for multiple levels of companies providing interfaces to
accept mapping changes from end-user networks (or more likely from
reachability testing companies they hire) and funnelling them to the
limited number of RUAS organisations which run the fast-push mapping
distribution system.

Any way you do this core-edge separation business - LISP, APT, Ivip
or TRRP - if the end-user network gets a patch of stable address
space to call their own, year after year, then that network is going
to depend on some company or other organisation for that space.  The
end-user network will need to pay for this, and depend on the
organisation to handle mapping.

In the case of LISP-ALT, the organisation needs to run (or have
someone else run) an ALT router (plus backups) which has a tunnel to
the ETRs in the ISPs which the end-user network is currently using
for access.  If that organisation's ALT routers go down, it is not
the fault of the access ISPs - it is up to the end-user network to
ensure it obtains its EID address from an organisation which provides
a reliable ALT router service.

Also - assuming the space is covered by a PTR in order to provide
100% multihomed service for packets sent from hosts in non-upgraded
networks - this organisation has to run PTRs which covers this
end-user's EID space.  For this to be scalable (not to bloat the DFZ
routing table excessively, as we go to millions of end-user networks
with EID/micronet space), the PTRs needs to advertise a prefix which
covers the EID space of thousands or hundreds of thousands of
separate end-user networks.

Since the sending hosts (in non-upgraded networks) could be anywhere
in the world and since the ISPs used by all these end-user networks
(covered by the one BGP advertised route) could be anywhere in the
world, in order to ensure reasonably direct path for traffic packets,
there needs to be a largish number of PTRs physically all over the
Net.  Then the organisation which runs this PTR system needs to
recover costs from individual end-user networks according to the
traffic the PTRs carry.   (This is the Ivip business model for
OITRDs.  I am stating this as an imperative for LISP, because I can't
imagine any other business model for PTRs.)

In the case of Ivip, the equivalent organisation needs to do the same
as just stated for OITRDs and provide the real-time mapping
distribution service, with a small charge per update.

Either way, the end-user network has a long-term technical and
commercial dependency on whichever organisation supplies its EID
(LISP) or micronet (Ivip) address space.  This is why my message
continued to state that a problem such as this is common to all
core-edge separation schemes:

      [Fix?  Seems to be a fundamental problem, but every core-edge
       separation scheme involves supplying stable EID, micronet etc.
       address space to end-user networks, so there must be some
       kind of dependence on some organisation - though not
       necessarily an ISP.]

      {Experiments?  There's no need for experiment - problems such
       as this can be clearly foreseen.}

So while I could take this off the list of "unresolved" problems for
LISP, since other schemes have comparable problems - I think LISP
could be improved by more clearly stating the types of commercial and
technical relationships each participating end-user network will rely
upon.  Also, the physical distance to the ALT router from wherever
the end-user network's ETRs are directly affects the delay
experienced at the start of sessions.  I think that is part of
Christian Vogt's concern.

I think I have done a better job of explaining all this with Ivip's
business model for OITRDs:

  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html

> The dependence is now on the
> ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world, you get
> your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain would
> only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's leave
> mobile ASes out of this for now).

I think a good core-edge separation scheme should make the EID
(micronet) space entirely portable, with little or no compromise in
performance or costs regarding mapping no matter where the end-user
network chooses to connect its EID space (or some part of it) to the Net.

This is easier for Ivip, since the mapping change command only
involves a few dozen bytes and is made quite infrequently.

For LISP-ALT, the mapping connection is an incoming stream of
requests or initial packets which also function as requests.  It is
time-sensitive, since only when a response arrives at the ITR can
communications without delay begin.  So the physical proximity (delay
and reliability) between the ALT router for this section of the EID
address space and the the ETRs of the ISPs currently used by the
end-user network is really important.  I don't mean San Jose to LA
distances - I mean Australia to the USA, Germany to China etc.

These do seem to be a fundamental difference between LISP-ALT and
Ivip.  However, both systems will only work well with a widespread
set of PTRs/OITRDs.


>> 5 - Path MTU Discovery problems.  Despite Fred Templin, myself and
>>    others discussing the inherent PMTUD problems in any map-encap
>>    proposal, there has been nothing from the LISP team to indicate
>>    they have a solution.  They seem to think there is no problem.
> 
> In section 5.4 of draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt we describe two proposed
> solutions, one is stateless, and the other is stateful. The stateful
> creates no new table data structures but requires storing an addition
> 2-bytes of effective-MTU state per mapping.

OK - I apologise for stating that you thought there was no problem.

I haven't considered MTU problems of sending traffic packets along
the ALT network, in its GRE tunnels (which impose their own
encapsulation overhead) - but I understand the current LISP test
network doesn't send traffic packets over ALT.  It is my impression
that your long-term plans are to use the ALT network only for short
map request messages, not go get initial traffic packets to the ETR ASAP.

Version 08 (2008-07-10) introduced a stateless technique and version
11 (2008-12-19) adds a stateful approach, derived from the OpenLISP
project, who regarded the stateless approach as inadequate.

My assessment of both approaches is in a separate message:

  LISP PMTU - 2 methods in draft-farinacci-lisp-11
  http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000885.html

I think the stateless section is poorly written and ill-conceived.
The stateless approach for IPv4 DF=1 packets and IPv6 packets (that
is, virtually all traffic) would limit traffic packets to 1464 bytes
(IPv4) or 1444 bytes (IPv6).  Only once there was jumboframe links
between every ITR and ETR could L be globally adjusted upwards from
1500 bytes to ~9000 bytes or whatever - but this would not be
possible for a decade or two.  Fred Templin expressed the same
concerns in a recent RRG message.

The Stateful approach, which I understand is derived from OpenLISP,
is similar to Ivip's approach:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/pmtud-frag/

I need to write this up as an I-D, but it is a more detailed spec
than your LISP approach, with mechanisms for occasionally testing for
MTUs longer than the assumed limit and for strictly minimising the
number of traffic packets which are used to probe the PMTU.  Every
packet whose length, once encapsulated, is in the "zone of
uncertainty" for this ETR is either delivered or rejected with a PTB.
   The former raises the lower limit to the zone and the latter
reduces the upper limit.


>> 6 - Lack of business case for LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers:
>>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg02021.html
> 
> You cannot fault a technical design for a business case. 

A complete solution to the routing scaling problem involves much more
than a technical design.

All the technical stuff (sometimes split into "architecture" vs.
"engineering") needs to facilitate someone wanting to build and run
each part of it - which generally means they (or someone not too far
removed from them) needs to be able to make money from it.


> A PTR is
> solving a technical problem. And if we want to *truly* keep lots of PI
> type routes out of the core *and* avoid NAT solutions which are just way
> too high in opex, the PTR is the only solution we have to turn to.
> 
> And on the contrary, I do believe service providers, interconnect
> providers, registries, third-parties and even governments will provide
> PTR services. Will they make a ton of money out of it, well that remains
> to be seen.

I think my critique is valid - you seem to have no business case for
LISP's Proxy Tunnel Routers.

You are welcome to adopt the Ivip approach for address management and
OITRDs:

  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html

This is directly applicable to LISP and PTRs, as long as you have a
concept of a Mapped Address Block, containing many EIDs.  For that to
be the case, you need to develop business arrangements concerning who
really "owns" the MAB and how they rent this space out as EID space
for thousands of end-user networks.


>> 7 - The scaling problems of potentially thousands of ITRs each
>>    probing reachability to one ETR, and likewise, one ITR probing
>>    reachability to many ETRs - this is one view of the "Locator Path
>>    Liveness Problem" of draft-meyer-loc-id-implications-00.
>>    http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000809.html
> 
> That is not in the LISP design. Everyone just thinks it is.  ;-)
> 
> Dave and Darrel's draft is providing a warning about how bad probing can
> be. They do not take a position whether it should go into any proposal.
> They are just saying, beware of the Frankenstein that may result and can
> be an interpretation to not do probing at all.

The scaling problem of thousands of ITRs continually test
reachability for one ETR (or to every ETR on the LISP mapping list
for a given EID), plus reachability through each ETR to a given
destination network, or of each ITR having to test reachability to
thousands or tens of thousands of ETRs have been obvious from the
start: early 2007.

This is true of LISP, TRRP and to a somewhat lesser extent APT. (I
haven't read RANGER yet.)

Only Ivip avoids these scaling problems by making the end-user
network responsible for their reachability testing and for deciding
which ETR the packets for each micronet should be tunneled to.


> Like I mentioned in a previous RRG email message, one has to ask the
> question if an ITR *should* switch from one RLOC to another when there
> *may* be a path failure *somewhere in the middle of the network*. Please
> note my very fine qualifications.
> 
> If we want to solve this problem, we could do this today by having a
> host switch it's TCP connection to another A record. This doesn't happen
> today because people deal with packet loss, since it doesn't last long
> *and* rerouting actually works quite well.
> 
> Van Jacobson always made this comment and I'll never forget it, "The
> fact that the Internet drops packets is it's greatest feature".
> 
> What else can either an xTR or TCP host do when sending ICMP
> Unreachables are off by default in most modern routers, or they are
> filtered by firewalls, and route aggregation hides failures close to
> packet sources.

The alternative has been available to you and anyone else since July
2007: Ivip.  A fast-push mapping system to local query servers means
the ITRs don't need to test reachability or make any decisions about
which ETR to use.  The mapping has a single ETR address.

What is wrong with this approach?


>>> Unless these concerns are adequately addressed, claiming that LISP
>>> is an appropriate solution to the problems discussed at the IAB's
>>> October 2006 Routing and Addressing Workshop is nothing more than
>>> a proof by an emphatic assertion.
>>
>> I agree entirely.
>>
>> I believe the LISP team could have made much better use of the RRG -
>> by participating fully in the debates resulting from these critiques.
> 
> We were asked to do research in RRG. That was a reasonable request. So
> the research stuff in LISP has been and will continue to be presented in
> RRG.

OK.

> As for the engineering issues, the real details and bits and bytes, we
> want a forum to discuss and work out issues in an open forum. I've been
> going to IETF for 20 years now, that forum is called a working group.
> 
> The working group doesn't have to standardize what it is working on. And
> the charter and the numerous requests we have made requests *for an
> experimental working group*.

I think this is fine.

However, I think there are sufficient fundamental, well known
problems with LISP-ALT that if this was my proposal, I would fix them
before asking people in general to join an IETF WG and help me with
it - or drop the proposal.


>> Experiments won't help solve most of these problems.  I am not
>> against experimentation and I think it is great that there is a LISP
>> experimental network.
>>
>> However, I would never have taken a proposal to the point of writing
>> code, running a network and inviting others to write compatible
>> implementations when the proposal had so many fundamental problems.
> 
> There is constant implementation feedback back into the design.
> Experienced engineers know how this cycle works. You start with
> something you think can hold together, you try things out, you refine,
> you revisit design, you go forward with implementation. That's the
> process of *detailed* engineering.
>
> For the old timers, that was the difference between TCP/IP and OSI.

I am all for detailed engineering, running tests etc.  However, the
worst problems I perceive with LISP-ALT will not be illuminated by
any amount of testing, as I explained in the message you are
responding to.


Do you think Ivip is so overblown and over-complex that it warrant's
no serious consideration?

Just because I write stuff in detail doesn't mean the system itself
is over-complex.  Ivip ITRs and ETRs are much simpler than LISP ITRs
and ETRs.


I have been giving your work the honour of detailed critiques for 18
months.  I would appreciate you and your colleagues returning the
favour by reading:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/Ivip-summary.pdf

  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip-db-fast-push-00

  Ivip business models: fast push & OITRDs
  http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg01158.html

and telling me - and the RRG - what you think.


Also, I am keen to know from you, your Cisco colleagues and from the
folks at Juniper how practical it would be to create firmware
upgrades for all the DFZ routers in use ca. 2014 or whatever -
whenever the routing scaling solution is to be implemented.

I think it is practical and highly desirable to encode the ETR
address in the IPv4 header (actually 30 bits, which is fine) or a 20
bit prefix label in the IPv6 header.  Then, in the longer term, we
don't need encapsulation, its complexity, its overhead and its damn
PMTUD problems.

As far as I know, both these proposals could be implemented as
firmware upgrades, or built-in optional features, in the DFZ routers
which are likely to be in use in 5 years time, but only you guys can
say this is so or not:

  ETR Address Forwarding (EAF) - for IPv4
  http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-whittle-ivip4-etr-addr-forw-01

  Prefix Label Forwarding (PLF) - for IPv6
  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/ivip6/

Maybe we can do that in time for the introduction of the routing
scaling solution - and thereby completely avoid encapsulation and its
PMTUD complexities.


On mobility - what is your objection to this arrangement?  ETR-like
Translating Tunnel Routers with two-way encrypted tunnels to mobile
nodes.  Mapping only changes to a new TTR when one is really needed 0
which is typically only when the MN moves 1000km or more.  So mapping
changes are not at all frequent and in particular are not needed
every time the MN gets a new CoA:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/TTR-Mobility.pdf


If I was proposing to the IETF that a WG be formed for my project, I
would first want to establish for myself - and for IETF people in
general - that my project was either the best in its class, or one of
the very few with the most promise.

I don't see how you can do that when you fail to read - or at least
fail to discuss in public - alternative schemes to LISP.

Ivip and APT are broadly comparable to LISP - they are all core-edge
elimination schemes for both IPv4 and IPv6.  They are both well
enough documented to be suitable for serious critiques from anyone
who believes LISP's approach is superior.

Just because you have more people - with more experience and
resources - working on LISP and have running code, doesn't mean your
LISP-ALT design is better than APT or Ivip.


  - Robin

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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 27 04:31:35 2009
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Date: Tue, 27 Jan 2009 04:31:07 -0800
From: David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] [lisp-interest] LISP PMTU - 2 methods in	draft-farinacci-lisp-11
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	Forwarding on behalf of Robin. Robin, the lisp list is at
	lisp@ietf.org these days.

	Thanks,

	Dave

On Tue, Jan 27, 2009 at 04:29:22PM +1100, Robin Whittle wrote:
> Short version:  Stateless approach is a really bad idea in the future
>                 when ~9000 byte MTU ITR to ETR paths become common.
>=20
>                 Stateful approach somewhat resembles Ivip's approach
>                 - which is documented in greater detail and limits
>                 the number of traffic packets for which state must
>                 be stored in case a PTB is received.
>=20
> Here my thoughts on the two techniques (Stateless and Stateful) for
> LISP Path MTU Discovery management in the latest (19 December) draft.
>=20
> My understanding of the whole problem (for Ivip's map-encap modes or
> for any other map-encap scheme, such as LISP or APT), together with
> my solution for Ivip, is here:
>=20
>   http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/pmtud-frag/
>=20
>=20
> Here is my critique of the Stateless approach, assuming L =3D 1500, as
> is recommended at the end of:
>=20
>   http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-farinacci-lisp-11#section-5.4.1
>=20
> The stateless approach was rejected by the OpenLISP team:
>=20
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-01#secti=
on-6.8.1
>=20
>=20
> Stateless IPv4 DF=3D0
> -------------------
>=20
>   L is chosen for the entire global LISP system to be a minimum
>   value of MTU which can be expected of any ITR->ETR tunnel.  Here
>   I assume 1500 bytes, as is recommended in the last line of section
>   5.4.1.  Perhaps it would need to be less, such as 1470 or less.
>   Google servers regularly send 1470 byte DF=3D0 packets:
>=20
> http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/ipv4-bits/actual-packets.html#google-no=
-pmtud
>=20
>=20
>   IPv4 DF=3D0 packets longer than some size S will be fragmented
>   into two fragments, each of which will be encapsulated.  The
>   ETR decapsulates them separately and sends the two fragments
>   to the destination network.
>=20
>   S is set globally to a value is L minus the encapsulation
>   overhead =3D 36 bytes.  (IPv4, UDP and LISP headers, in section
>   5.1).  So S =3D 1464 bytes.
>=20
>   This will not work when the packet length is more than about
>   twice S (since fragmentation produces two packets whose
>   combined length is marginally longer than the original packet).
>=20
>   The statement:
>=20
>     "This will ensure that the new, encapsulated packets are of
>      size (S/2 + H), which is always below the effective tunnel MTU."
>=20
>   will not apply when the incoming packets are more than about
>   twice S in length.
>=20
>   Still, with a bit of tightening of the spec, I see no major
>   problems with this approach to IPv4 fragmentable packets compared
>   to what I propose for Ivip.  I don't think a core-edge separation
>   scheme should be required to support DF=3D0 packets longer than
>   something like 1470 bytes into the indefinite future.
>=20
>   RFC 1191 PMTUD has been around since the early 1990s and I think
>   it is time that hosts stopped expecting the network to fragment
>   packets.  The IPv6 designers evidently thought the same in 1996.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Stateless IPv4 DF=3D1 and IPv6
> ----------------------------
>=20
>   This approach makes no sense for the long-term future since it
>   forces all traffic to be in packets no longer than 1464 (IPv4)
>   bytes:
>=20
>       the ITR will drop the packet when the size is greater than L,
>       and sends an ICMP Too Big message to the source with a value of
>       S, where S is (L - H).
>=20
>   Replacing the variables with constants for IPv4, this means:
>=20
>       the ITR will drop the packet when the size is greater than 1500
>       bytes, and sends an ICMP Too Big message to the source with a
>       value of 1464 bytes.
>=20
>   For IPv6, the limiting size is set by the 56 byte overhead, to 1444
>   bytes.
>=20
>   A proper solution should keep working well when the DFZ includes
>   MTUs of 9000 bytes between ITR and ETR - and should allow the
>   sending host to generate packets of nearly this size, so that once
>   encapsulated they still fit within whatever the MTU is for the
>   path to this ETR.
>=20
>   Fred Templin raised similar concerns:
>=20
>   http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000884.html
>=20
>   (My guess is that the non-DF=3D0 part of this approach was written
>   with an assumption that L would be individually determined by the
>   ITR for each ETR - but that is not the way the I-D is written: L is
>   fixed at 1500 bytes, and any such method would be stateful.)
>=20
>=20
> Stateful approach for all packets
> ---------------------------------
>=20
> I am reading the LISP version - I have not looked in detail at the
> OpenLISP source of this approach.
>=20
> This makes no reference to IPv4 DF=3D0 packets.  So this approach of
> the ITR sending a PTB packet to the sending host when a DF=3D0 packet
> exceeds some length is not going to result in any action on the part
> of the sending host.  Such a DF=3D0 packet will be dropped by the ITR.
>  That may be OK - Ivip will do much the same - but it needs to be
> specified clearly.
>=20
> This approach of determining the MTU to each ITR by receiving ICMP
> messages from an intermediate router needs to be done securely.
>=20
> It requires the ITR to cache significant amounts of information for
> every packet it sends which might trigger such a PTB.
>=20
> The intermediate router would need to send back sufficient of the
> original packet to ITR to include the LISP nonce.  Otherwise, PTBs
> spoofed by off-path attackers would be accepted and the whole system
> could easily be DoSed.
>=20
> The ITR needs to store an initial fragment of each incoming traffic
> packet for some time, so it can generate a PTB message for the
> sending host.  It can't rely on enough of the original packet coming
> back in the PTB from the intermediate router.  The ITR needs to cache
> this for a second or two at least - while it waits for a possible
> PTB.  This is an onerous requirement in a high-volume ITR.
>=20
> Ivip map-encap ITRs need to perform a stateful PMTU determination
> process which is somewhat similar to this.  However, the Ivip
> approach quickly narrows the zone of uncertainty so that the number
> of packets involved in testing PMTU is very limited.
>=20
> The Ivip approach is specified in greater detail, including
> occasionally sending longer packets (if and when the current or some
> other sending host generates them) to see if the MTU has grown
> since the last PTB set a limit on it, as far as the ITR was concerned.
>=20
>  - Robin
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20

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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 27 04:38:51 2009
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Date: Tue, 27 Jan 2009 13:38:09 +0100
From: Luigi Iannone <luigi@net.t-labs.tu-berlin.de>
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Subject: [lisp] [Fwd: Re: [rrg] LISP PMTU - 2 methods in draft-farinacci-lisp-11]
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Forwarding on my behalf ;-)

Luigi

-------- Original Message --------
Subject: 	Re: [rrg] LISP PMTU - 2 methods in draft-farinacci-lisp-11
Date: 	Tue, 27 Jan 2009 10:39:55 +0100
From: 	Luigi Iannone <luigi@net.t-labs.tu-berlin.de>
To: 	Robin Whittle <rw@firstpr.com.au>
CC: 	RRG <rrg@irtf.org>, lisp-interest@lists.civil-tongue.net
References: 	<497E9BB2.5040101@firstpr.com.au>



Hi Robin,

See few comments inline

Robin Whittle wrote:
> Short version:  Stateless approach is a really bad idea in the future
>                 when ~9000 byte MTU ITR to ETR paths become common.
>
>                 Stateful approach somewhat resembles Ivip's approach
>                 - which is documented in greater detail and limits
>                 the number of traffic packets for which state must
>                 be stored in case a PTB is received.
>
> Here my thoughts on the two techniques (Stateless and Stateful) for
> LISP Path MTU Discovery management in the latest (19 December) draft.
>
> My understanding of the whole problem (for Ivip's map-encap modes or
> for any other map-encap scheme, such as LISP or APT), together with
> my solution for Ivip, is here:
>
>   http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/pmtud-frag/
>
>
> Here is my critique of the Stateless approach, assuming L = 1500, as
> is recommended at the end of:
>
>   http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-farinacci-lisp-11#section-5.4.1
>
> The stateless approach was rejected by the OpenLISP team:
>   
As a member of the OpenLISP team, let me say that we do not *accept* or
*reject* anything.
AFAICT, that is left to the  community and to the (future) LISP WG.

What we proposed is just an alternative approach that takes advantage of
ICMP messages (if they are present).
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-01#section-6.8.1
>
>
>   
[snip]
> Stateful approach for all packets
> ---------------------------------
>
> I am reading the LISP version - I have not looked in detail at the
> OpenLISP source of this approach.
>
> This makes no reference to IPv4 DF=0 packets.  So this approach of
> the ITR sending a PTB packet to the sending host when a DF=0 packet
> exceeds some length is not going to result in any action on the part
> of the sending host.  Such a DF=0 packet will be dropped by the ITR.
>  That may be OK - Ivip will do much the same - but it needs to be
> specified clearly.
>   
The text that we provided is just a first cut. I agree that there are
several points to clarify.
> This approach of determining the MTU to each ITR by receiving ICMP
> messages from an intermediate router needs to be done securely.
>   
Am I wrong if I say that this means to change the ICMP protocol?
Our goal was not to introduce new mechanisms in the core, but rather to
take advantage of what exists.
> It requires the ITR to cache significant amounts of information for
> every packet it sends which might trigger such a PTB.
>   
Why should the ITR cache information?
> The intermediate router would need to send back sufficient of the
> original packet to ITR to include the LISP nonce.  Otherwise, PTBs
> spoofed by off-path attackers would be accepted and the whole system
> could easily be DoSed.
>   
Probably there is a DoS risk, but IMO is from on-path attackers. How can
an off-path attacker know that a specific ITR is sending packets to a
specific ETR and sen a fake ICMP message to shrink the MTU toward that
specific ETR?
> The ITR needs to store an initial fragment of each incoming traffic
> packet for some time, so it can generate a PTB message for the
> sending host.  It can't rely on enough of the original packet coming
> back in the PTB from the intermediate router.  The ITR needs to cache
> this for a second or two at least - while it waits for a possible
> PTB.  This is an onerous requirement in a high-volume ITR.
>
>   
No. This is not the case.
Assume the following topology:

H1-----------ITR1-----<DFZ>----------ETR2-----------H2

where host H1 send packets to host H2.  If a first packets triggers a
ICMP PTB in the DFZ, this is sent back to ITR1, which sjust stores the
fact that to reach ETR2 a smaller MTU must be used. Nothing is sent back
to H1.
H1 sends a second packet. On the ITR1 there will be a check on the MTU
triggering a second ICMP PTB to be sent back to H1.

So, you need to big packets in order to make the feedback reach the
original sender, but the ITR does not need to store packets.

Hope this clearer now.

Cheers

Luigi


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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] LISP PMTU - 2 methods in draft-farinacci-lisp-11
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Short version:     Luigi suggests a method by which the ITR
                   can perform PMTUD to an ETR without having
                   to cache the original packet.  This requires
                   three things to be done to achieve the goals
                   without the most obvious DoS vulnerabilities:

                   1 - The intermediate router sends back at least
                       16 bytes of original packet in the PTB -
                       8 bytes more than RFC 1191 requires.

                   2 - It is acceptable for the system not to
                       deliver the first "too long" packet.

                   3 - The sending host sends a second "too long"
                       packet after the ITR has received and
                       processed the PTB from the intermediate
                       router.

                   If the system is supposed to work without the
                   PTB check requiring the LISP nonce in the PTB's
                   original packet fragment, then I think the ITR
                   still needs to store some details of recently
                   sent packets, to force the attacker to set some
                   other parts of the PTB's original packet fragment
                   to hard-to-guess actual values of packets sent.

                   I modify my critique of LISP accordingly - this
                   looks like a reasonable way to do PMTUD without
                   the ITR maintaining a lot of state.  However the
                   smallest amount of state would be the LISP
                   nonce of recently sent packets and this requires
                   all intermediate routers which might have an
                   MTU problem to send back more than the RFC 1191
                   minimum of 8 bytes.

                   The process of checking PTBs in a busy ITR could
                   become so expensive (due to the large number of
                   LISP nonces or other details to be checked, of
                   recently sent packets) that it could become a DoS
                   vulnerability in itself.

                   How I think an off-path attacker could find the
                   addresses of some, many or most ITRs which are
                   tunneling packets to some ETR the attacker wants
                   to DoS.

                   An ITR occasionally needs to allow longer packets
                   to the ETR than its current MTU setting allows -
                   otherwise it has no way of adapting to an
                   increased actual path MTU.


Hi Luigi,

Thanks for your reply, in which you wrote:

> As a member of the OpenLISP team, let me say that we do not
> *accept* or *reject* anything.  AFAICT, that is left to the
> community and to the (future) LISP WG.

OK - "rejected" was my way of stating that you didn't find the
stateless approach suitable for OpenLISP:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-01#section-6.8.1

   6.8.1. OpenLISP local MTU Management

   During preliminary tests, we observed that the MTU issue is at the
   origin of many problems.  OpenLISP does not (and will not)
   implement the fragmentation mechanism proposed in Sec. 5.4 of
   [I-D.farinacci-lisp].  The reason is because the proposed method
   sounds very primitive and does not appear to be efficient.  The
   original LISP specification is based on an architectural constant
   used by the xTR to limit the MTU of LISP encapsulated packets.
   OpenLISP uses a more advanced solution, based on the real MTU of
   the local RLOCs present on the xTR, as described below.


> What we proposed is just an alternative approach that takes advantage of
> ICMP messages (if they are present).

OK - your approach makes sense.  I am reading it now.


>> Stateful approach for all packets
>> ---------------------------------
>>
>> I am reading the LISP version - I have not looked in detail at the
>> OpenLISP source of this approach.
>>
>> This makes no reference to IPv4 DF=0 packets.  So this approach of
>> the ITR sending a PTB packet to the sending host when a DF=0 packet
>> exceeds some length is not going to result in any action on the part
>> of the sending host.  Such a DF=0 packet will be dropped by the ITR.
>>  That may be OK - Ivip will do much the same - but it needs to be
>> specified clearly.
>   
> The text that we provided is just a first cut. I agree that there are
> several points to clarify.

OK.

>> This approach of determining the MTU to each ITR by receiving ICMP
>> messages from an intermediate router needs to be done securely.
>   
> Am I wrong if I say that this means to change the ICMP protocol?

I meant securely enough to prevent spoofing by an off-path attacker
intent on DoS.  (Full description below.)

The LISP nonce should do the trick - but that requires the
intermediate router to send back to the ITR, in the PTB message, the
8 byte LISP header after the UDP header.  RFC 1191 only requires it
to send back the outer IP header and the next 8 bytes - which in a
LISP packet is the UDP header.

This was a pretty short-sighted requirement, I think.  I don't know
how DFZ routers behave, but I recall someone (Bill Herrin?) stating
some months ago that it was common to send back more bytes than the
bare minimum of 8.  If LISP or something similar was implemented in 5
years time, I guess it wouldn't be too much to ask the router
manufacturers to create firmware updates if their routers don't
already send back a decent number of bytes such as 32 or whatever.

Without this, the ITR can't "securely" respond to ICMP PTB messages.

> Our goal was not to introduce new mechanisms in the core, but rather to
> take advantage of what exists.

OK.

>> It requires the ITR to cache significant amounts of information for
>> every packet it sends which might trigger such a PTB.
>   
> Why should the ITR cache information?

Skip the following if you like:

    My understanding of what ITRs would have to do, before I read the
    rest of your message:

    For every encapsulated packet the ITR sends which might generate
    a PTB message in some router en-route to the ETR, the ITR needs
    to cache - I mean store for a few seconds - the start of the
    original packet and the nonce it put in the LISP header of the
    encapsulating header.   I guess the ITR needs to store it for a
    few seconds, since it might take that long for the PTB to come
    back.  Technically, maybe it should hold it for longer, but my
    guess is that 2 seconds should do the trick.

    Then, when a PTB arrives, the ITR needs to compare the LISP nonce
    in the PTB's fragment of the initial packet (see discussion above
    about how this requires more bytes than RFC 1191 requires) with
    its cached information about recently sent packets.  It should
    also check other things such as the destination address in the
    packet fragment, to ensure it is the same as the ETR to which it
    tunnelled the packet.  This will enable the ITR to uniquely
    identify one of the packets it recently sent.  Then it can adjust
    for that ETR its record of path MTU, and generate a PTB packet to
    be sent to the sending host, from its cached fragment of the
    start of the original packet.

    After that, the ITR can use the stored value of MTU for that ETR
    and use it to decide whether to accept or reject with a PTB any
    packet to be tunneled to that ETR.

I don't think your I-D doesn't mention this, but the ITR also needs
to occasionally let a longer packet be encapsulated to this ETR - a
packet long enough that once encapsulated it would exceed the ITR's
current notion of path MTU to this ETR.  This will only occur if and
when one of the following occur:

  1 - The original sending host, in the same communication session
      tries its luck with a longer packet for the same reason.  RFC
      1191 specifies the one sending host should not try a longer
      packet to a given destination address for 10 minutes after
      receiving a PTB.

  2 - Some other sending host sending a longer packet through this
      ITR to an EID address which is mapped to the same ETR.

  3 - The same sending host, in the same or another application,
      sending a long packet to a different destination address,
      which may or may not be in the same EID as the first
      destination address, which is mapped to the same ETR.

Then, if the longer packet does not result in a PTB, the ITR should
probably raise its notion of the MTU to that ETR accordingly.

However, packet loss here (loss of the too long packet before the
intermediate router with the limiting MTU, or loss of the PTB message
from that router) could result in a too-long MTU setting in the ITR.
This is not such a problem, since it would probably soon be corrected
if subsequent packets passed through the ITR due to this too-high
value and did result in a PTB being received by the ITR.

The Ivip approach can use PTBs from intermediate routers, but does
not rely on them absolutely.  It uses positive and negative
acknowledgement from the ETR for a small subset of packets which,
once encapsulated, are of a length which falls within the ITR's "zone
of uncertainty" for the path MTU to this ETR.  This zone is reduced
by every such packet and would, in general, quickly diminish to zero
- after which the technique is only needed occasionally to test
whether the MTU limit has risen.

I think would be best to store the path MTU value in a separate body
of data from however you store the mapping information.  The mapping
information is indexed on EID, I assume.  You might have in the
mapping cache thousands of entries which all use the same ETR.  It
makes no sense to store the ETR's path MTU in every one of those
entries.  I think the encapsulation process needs to check the path
MTU to the ETR after it has determined which ETR address to tunnel
each packet to.


>> The intermediate router would need to send back sufficient of the
>> original packet to ITR to include the LISP nonce.  Otherwise, PTBs
>> spoofed by off-path attackers would be accepted and the whole system
>> could easily be DoSed.
>   
> Probably there is a DoS risk, but IMO is from on-path attackers. How can
> an off-path attacker know that a specific ITR is sending packets to a
> specific ETR and send a fake ICMP message to shrink the MTU toward that
> specific ETR?

It is easy to find out where the ITRs of a particular ISP or end-user
network are.  Attackers could discover this by various means, but
here is one:  They get their own EID space, which is mapped to an
RLOC address of one of their own machines - which pretends to be, or
is, an ETR.  Then, the attacker sends to some host in the ISP or
end-user network a ping packet or any other packet which will elicit
a response.  That packet has a source address in the attacker's EID
range, so the targeted host will send back a response to that
address.  The ITR in the targeted site will look up the mapping for
the attacker's EID address and so tunnel the response packet to the
attacker's "ETR".  With LISP, APT and TRRP, the encapsulation outer
header's source address is that of the ITR, so the attacker's "ETR"
learns the address of the ITR.  (With Ivip, the source address is
that of the sending host.)

So attackers can easily find the address of an ITR in some network of
its choice where there are sending hosts.  It could do this en-masse
and so discover the addresses of ITRs in many such networks.

The attacker presumably has some idea of where the sending hosts are
for the destination network it wants to DoS.

The attacker could find the addresses of Proxy Tunnel Routers which
handle the attacker's EID.  The attacker simply send packets from one
of its own EID addresses to random IP addresses to get responses from
a bunch of hosts, many of which will use a PTR (all those which don't
have an ITR in their own network).  If there were a single set of
PTRs which handled every EID, then this would suffice to locate all
PTRs in the world.

However, at least in the Ivip model, there probably won't be OITRDs
(the Ivip version of LISP's PTR) which handle every micronet.  There
seems to be no business plan for LISP PTRs, so I can't say how they
would be organised.  Assuming that there is one set of PTRs for one
subset of the EID address space, and another set for another subset,
then the above method will only allow the attacker to discover the
PTRs which handle its subset.

I can't easily think of a way an off-path attacker could find the
addresses of the PTRs which handle the EID space of some network
which the attacker wants to DoS.  Nonetheless, attackers in general
could figure out the addresses of PTRs in various PTR networks and
share this information between themselves.

So an attacker could find the addresses of some, many or most ITRs
which might be tunneling packets to the site they want to DoS.

The attacker presumably has a motivation to DoS a particular ETR.  If
the attacker wants to DoS the ETR(s) of a particular organisation, it
can easily look up the mapping for that organisation's EID prefix to
obtain the ETR addresses.

With the ETR address and a list of ITR addresses, the attacker can
inexpensively generate a sequence of spoofed PTB packets.  (But see
discussion below on how much information the ITR needs to store about
recently sent packets, to force the attacker to correctly set length,
checksum and (IPv4 only) Identification bits to match a packet
actually sent, which the attacker, being off-path, can't see.

Each such spoofed PTB, if recognised by the ITR, can be used to
clobber the MTU the ITR perceives for the targeted ETR, so causing
significant and reasonably persistent DoS for a potentially large
number of sending hosts which rely on that ITR - and a potentially
large number of destination hosts in potentially multiple destination
networks which rely on this ETR.

If the ITR requires the LISP nonce to be in the PTB fragment, then
the system is secure against such spoofing, but then this PMTUD
system will only work if all the intermediate routers which might
cause an MTU problem send back at least 16 bytes rather than the RFC
1191 minimum of 8 bytes after the IP header.


>> The ITR needs to store an initial fragment of each incoming traffic
>> packet for some time, so it can generate a PTB message for the
>> sending host.  It can't rely on enough of the original packet coming
>> back in the PTB from the intermediate router.  The ITR needs to cache
>> this for a second or two at least - while it waits for a possible
>> PTB.  This is an onerous requirement in a high-volume ITR.
>   
> No. This is not the case.
> Assume the following topology:
> 
> H1-----------ITR1-----<DFZ>----------ETR2-----------H2
> 
> where host H1 send packets to host H2.  If a first packets triggers a
> ICMP PTB in the DFZ, this is sent back to ITR1, which sjust stores the
> fact that to reach ETR2 a smaller MTU must be used. Nothing is sent back
> to H1.

But that involves data loss.  The Ivip approach is intended to avoid
this.

> H1 sends a second packet. On the ITR1 there will be a check on the MTU
> triggering a second ICMP PTB to be sent back to H1.

Ahh . . . OK, you can make it work this way if you accept data loss
on the first large packet, expecting the sending host to generate
another similarly large packet, which seems reasonable.

I don't think this technique can be used with Ivip, but I will
consider it when I write the PMTUD I-D.

I withdraw my critique of LISP's stateful approach to PMTUD requiring
storage of the initial part of longer packets for a few seconds.
However, I think the text of draft-farinacci-lisp and your own
OpenLISP I-D should be revised to make this process clearer.

Still, if you are to check the nonce, you do need to store each nonce
of recently sent packets.

To do a proper check of the PTB, you need to store some packet
details - to force the attacker to generate the correct
Identification (IPv4 only) and Length bits from the IP header.

Likewise, if you store the UDP checksum of recently sent packets,
then you can force the attacker to get that right, which would be
generally impossible except by lots of attempts for data packets.  It
would be easier to spoof the checksum and length of TCP SYN packets
or some other commonly used short packets.  To protect against that,
your ITR would need to store the length of such (generally short)
packets and make sure the potentially spoofed PTB message's MTU limit
was not longer than the actual packet.  This, combined with some
general limit on how low you would accept the MTU to be according to
any PTB, would probably make the system immune to this kind of attack.


Also, I think you need to either check the LISP nonce (and accept the
system will fail if the PTB original packet fragment doesn't contain
it) or not expect it and so recognise that the system is open to a
powerful DoS attack if you don't store a bunch of details of recent
packets, and use them to carefully check all PTBs.

This PTB checking process itself could represent a DoS vulnerability
for a busy ITR.  If it has a lot of details of packets recently sent
- potentially hundreds of thousands or millions, I guess, and you are
not requiring LISP nonces, then you still have to search through some
long and constantly changing lists of packet details such as length,
UDP checksum (IPv4 only) Identification etc.  for every PTB received.

This could easily get way out of hand - those cached lists of recent
packet details are expensive enough to add to and clean out, and I
guess they can't inexpensively be optimised for inexpensive searching
to see which one matches a PTB.

PTB messages are pretty short (inexpensive for the attacker to send)
and could chew up a lot of ITR CPU power to process.  Checking only a
fraction of these PTBs (in order to limit the CPU time spent chewing
through a flood of spoofed PTBs) would slow down the ITR's ability to
adapt properly to actual MTU problems.


> So, you need two big packets in order to make the feedback reach the
> original sender, but the ITR does not need to store packets.
> 
> Hope this clearer now.

Yes - thanks.

  - Robin
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	Jari,


> The charter also needs a better description of the context, e.g., =20
> relation to IRTF work.

	Check the below.

	Dave

---
LISP (Locator/ID Separation Protocol)

Last Modified: 2009-01-27

Chair(s):
 Darrel Lewis <darlewis@cisco.com>
 TBD

Internet Area Director(s):
 TBD

Routing Area Advisor:
 TBD

Secretary:
 TBD
=20
Mailing Lists:
 General Discussion: lisp@ietf.org

Description of Working Group:

The IAB's October 2006 workshop on Routing and Addressing
Workshop [0] rekindled interest in scalable routing and
addressing architectures for the Internet. Among the many issues
driving this renewed interest are concerns about the scalability
of the routing system and the impending exhaustion of the IPv4
address space. Since the IAB workshop, several proposals have
emerged which attempt to address the concerns expressed there and
elsewhere. In general, these proposals are based on the
"Locator/Identifier separation" (frequently referred to as Loc/ID
split).

The basic idea behind the Loc/ID split that the Internet
architecture combines two functions, Routing Locators, or RLOCs
(where you are attached to the network) and Endpoint Identifiers,
or EIDs (who you are) in one number space: The IP
address. Proponents of the Loc/ID split postulate that splitting
these functions apart with yield several advantages, including
improved scalability for the routing system via improved
aggregation of RLOCs. However, in order to be efficiently
aggregated, RLOCs must be allocated in a way that is congruent
with the topology of the network ("Rekhter's Law"). Today's
Provider Allocated IP address space is an example of this kind of
allocation scheme.  EIDs, on the other hand, are typically
allocated along organizational boundaries. Since the network
topology and organizational hierarchies are rarely congruent, it
is difficult (if not impossible) to make a single number space
efficiently serve both purposes.

In summary, the Loc/ID split aims to decouple location and
identity, thus allowing for efficient aggregation of the RLOC
space, providing persistent identity in the EID space, and in
some cases to providing for secure and efficient mobility. =20

The LISP protocol is an instantiation of the separation of
Internet address space into Endpoint Identifiers and Routing
Locators designed by means of a network-based map-and-encap
scheme.

LISP and companion documents (see below) are proposals that
respond to the problems discussed at the IAB's October, 2006
Routing and Addressing Workshop [0]. The purpose of the WG is to
work on the design on the LISP base protocol [1], the LISP+ALT
mapping system [2], LISP Interworking [4] and LISP multicast
[6]. The working group will encourage and support interoperable
LISP implementations as well as defining requirements for
alternate mapping systems. The Working Group will also develop
security profiles for the ALT (presumably using technology
developed in the SIDR working group) and/or other mapping
systems.

Goals and Milestones:

Mar 2010  Submit base LISP specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit base ALT specification to the IESG for
          Experimental.

Mar 2010  Submit the LISP Interworking specification to the IESG
	  for Experimental.

June 2010 Submit Recommendations for Securing the LISP Mapping
	  System to the IESG for Experimental.

Jul 2010  Submit LISP for Multicast Environments to the IESG for
	  Experimental.=20

Jul 2010  Submit a preliminary analysis of how the LISP protocols
	  (LISP base protocol, LISP+ALT mapping system, and LISP
	  multicast) address the Design Goals for Scalable
	  Internet Routing [7].=20

Aug 2010  Re-charter or close.

Internet-Drafts:
	draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt
	draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt
	draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt

Request For Comments:
	  None


References
----------
[0]     Meyer, D. et. al., "Report from the IAB Workshop on
        Routing and Addressing", RFC 4984.

[1]     Farinacci, D. et. al., "Locator/ID Separation Protocol
        (LISP)", draft-farinacci-lisp-11.txt.

[2]	Fuller, V., et. al., "LISP Alternative Topology
	(LISP-ALT)", draft-fuller-lisp-alt-03.txt

[3]	Iannone, L., and O. Bonaventure, "OpenLISP Implementation
	Report", draft-iannone-openlisp-implementation-00.txt.

[4]	Lewis, D., et. al., "Interworking LISP with IPv4 and
	IPv6", draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-02.txt.

[5]	Mathy, L., et. al., "LISP-DHT: Towards a DHT to map
	identifiers onto locators", draft-mathy-lisp-dht-00.txt.

[6]     Farinacci, D., Meyer, D., Zwiebel, J., and S. Venaas,
	"LISP for Multicast Environments",
	draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-01.txt. =20

[7]      T. Li, Ed., "Design Goals for Scalable Internet Routing",
         draft-irtf-rrg-design-goals-01, IRTF, July 2007.=20


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_______________________________________________
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From lisp-bounces@ietf.org  Tue Jan 27 09:59:00 2009
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From: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>
To: Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>
Message-ID: <20090127175829.GL39727@cisco.com>
Mail-Followup-To: Scott Brim <swb@employees.org>, Benson Schliesser <bensons@queuefull.net>, lisp@ietf.org, routing-discussion@ietf.org, rrg@irtf.org, David Meyer <dmm@1-4-5.net>, John Zwiebel <jzwiebel@cisco.com>
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Economic issues of long-path / stretched routing
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I don't know which of the lists this is going to should be trimmed, or
I would gladly do so.

Excerpts from Benson Schliesser on Sun, Jan 25, 2009 05:53:49PM -0600:
> My single-homed xTR (savvis) has one ALT peer right now (asp) and he
> announces an aggregate net that covers my EID prefix. That's great
> from a routing scale perspective. However if I were to multihome to
> another net (dmm, for example) wouldn't I have to announce my EID
> into the ALT via that path if I wanted to continue serving that EID
> during an outage of my primary (asp) connectivity?

You peer with your upstream ALT routers based on prefixes they are
responsible for, and where the ALT routers are doesn't (necessarily)
follow physical topology.  For any prefix there will probably be more
than one upstream ALT router.  Yes, you announce your prefix to all
upstream ALT routers responsible for the shorter including prefix.
Table size should be minimal, depending on how things are configured
in your neighborhood.  It could just be default from each.  At most it
would be a set of highest-level prefixes, maybe some special ones, and
some longer ones for local efficiency.  

> At the very least it has to be announced such that my primary
> upstream sees it and can divert map-requests to my secondary path.
> So do all of my xTRs need to have ALT tunnels to all of my EID
> allocators in order to avoid de-aggregation in the ALT tables while
> maintaining fault tolerant connectivity? What happens if an AS-wide
> fault takes down all of my allocator's ALT routers? I understand
> that my RLOCs are still aggregated by the underlying network's
> routing regardless.

Allocation is decoupled from ALT routers.  RIRs may run high-level ALT
routers but there may be intermediate ones too.  For a particular
prefix there should be multiple redundant ALT routers.  For the most
part they need to be within the region in which they are most used,
even though some prefixes may be allocated and then move to completely
different continents.

> It would be good to discuss what all of this looks like for network
> engineering purposes. For instance from the perspective of ALT traffic
> engineering, an end-site xTR with end users surfing the web will probably
> have a moderate collection of EID mappings that stay refreshed (Google,
> Twitter, corp intranet, etc) and a small collection of mappings that get
> used and expire (my blog, which nobody reads twice). This is different from
> an xTR in front of a public website, which will basically build a huge
> collection of mappings and have to worry more about the database size than
> anything else.

Right.  The range in possible tactics is huge, and they all work as
long as they speak the same protocol.  

Scott
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> You peer with your upstream ALT routers based on prefixes they are
> responsible for, and where the ALT routers are doesn't (necessarily)
> follow physical topology.  For any prefix there will probably be more
> than one upstream ALT router.  Yes, you announce your prefix to all
> upstream ALT routers responsible for the shorter including prefix.
> Table size should be minimal, depending on how things are configured
> in your neighborhood.  It could just be default from each.  At most it
> would be a set of highest-level prefixes, maybe some special ones, and
> some longer ones for local efficiency.

And your neighborhood really doesn't need back-doors so we can keep  
the ALT hierarchical by shaping it as an acyclic tree and not a mesh  
of trees or a mess of links connecting up and down at *different*  
hierarchical levels like the underlying Internet is configured today.

Dino

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    > From: Robin Whittle <rw@firstpr.com.au>

    > The LISP team should do detailed critiques of APT and Ivip as part of
    > convincing IETF folks of the merits of LISP-ALT.

Perhaps I'm confused, but I don't think the people working on LISP are trying
to "convince" the IETF as a whole of the "merits of LISP".

If some people out there in the Internet technical community think it looks
good, and want to work on it, run it, etc, that's great; but if other people
reach a contrary conclusion, and don't want to work on it, run it, etc (as is
their choice), that's fine too.

Sure, the people working on LISP would like to convince _some_ people that
it's a good idea, so they get i) some help working on it (as much remains to
be done), and ii) some places to deploy it (so some practical experience can
be gained, in seeing how well it works, what problems crop up in actual
service, etc), but that's a very different kettle of fish.

        Noel
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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On Jan 24, 2009, Dino Farinacci wrote:

>> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>>    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
>
> Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do
> not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them. The
> decoupling of the address creates this. The dependence is now on the
> ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world, you  
> get
> your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain  
> would
> only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's leave
> mobile ASes out of this for now).


Dino -

There is a tradeoff between EID portability and path stretch along the
ALT topology, and I believe the tradeoff made in LISP/ALT has been
revised a few times.

Portability of EID prefixes requires that the ALT topology follows
EID-addressing.  This leads to potentially longer-than-optimal paths
along the ALT topology.  Vice versa, if path stretch is to be limited,
then portability of EID prefixes must be restricted.

According to your email to Robin, LISP/ALT currently makes the following
tradeoff:  Portability of EID prefixes is limited geographically in
order to curb path stretch along the ALT topology to the maximum that
can happen within a geographical region.

That's possible, of course.  The cost is that networks scattered over
different parts of the world, such as those of enterprises with global
presence, cannot use a continuous address space internally -- even if
they all attach to the same provider.

- Christian


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Subject: Re: [lisp] [Int-area] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as towhether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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> The approach in the current LISP draft still relies on ICMPs
> coming from anonymous network middleboxes (which Dino himself
> has said that we cannot depend on), and provides insufficient

I did not say that. I said you cannot depend on ICMP Unreachables. But  
ICMP TooBig and Time-Exceeded message are sent and are more  
dependable. That is, they can get lost when they are transmitted since  
they are single transmitted datagrams. But at least they are sent.

Dino
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Subject: Re: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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> On Jan 24, 2009, Dino Farinacci wrote:
>
>>> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>>>    This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>>>    http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
>>
>> Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers  
>> do
>> not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them.  
>> The
>> decoupling of the address creates this. The dependence is now on the
>> ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world,  
>> you get
>> your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain  
>> would
>> only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's leave
>> mobile ASes out of this for now).
>
>
> Dino -
>
> There is a tradeoff between EID portability and path stretch along the
> ALT topology, and I believe the tradeoff made in LISP/ALT has been
> revised a few times.

Yes, but if you are portable within an aggregate boundary, you are okay.

> Portability of EID prefixes requires that the ALT topology follows
> EID-addressing.  This leads to potentially longer-than-optimal paths

And it does.

> along the ALT topology.  Vice versa, if path stretch is to be limited,
> then portability of EID prefixes must be restricted.

I envision the number of hops a Map-Request takes is 4 ALT-router  
hops. I think we can do that with how the aggregation and allocation  
assignment is done on the LISP network now.

Now if the diameter of the tunnels are large, then there will be  
longer delays because the Map-Request will have to travel more  
physical hops.

But I really think you are not going to find a better way.

> According to your email to Robin, LISP/ALT currently makes the  
> following
> tradeoff:  Portability of EID prefixes is limited geographically in
> order to curb path stretch along the ALT topology to the maximum that
> can happen within a geographical region.

Right that is the tradeoff, but a site in Europe is not going to move  
to the US. A new site that is added in the US will get EID-prefixes  
from ARIN and terminate it's tunnels to the routers in the allocation  
assignment hierarchy for ARIN.

> That's possible, of course.  The cost is that networks scattered over
> different parts of the world, such as those of enterprises with global
> presence, cannot use a continuous address space internally -- even if
> they all attach to the same provider.

Christian, when you come to IETF in the US and you use your VPN client  
to connect back home to Finland, and you go to a URL in San Jose (when  
you are at the SF IETF), your packets will to east over the Atlantic  
twice and back to the west coast. That's a delay we all seem to live  
with everyday.

I am not justifying delay and I'm not at all saying this is going to  
happen on the ALT either. Remember this only happens for the first few  
packets to a new site when there is a cache miss from each ITR.

You cannot push around 10^10 entries and store them everywhere. In  
fact there are chances with a push technology that you might have to  
store them in nodes that won't need them for use but will need to  
store them for distribution. That will be a big cost. So then you go  
get them when you need them.

Please recall, for LISP to support such a large database (10^10  
entries), it must be distributed. And you want them to be stored where  
the policy holders are for the mapping and you wan them to reside at  
the site that the mapping describes them.

Dino

>
>
> - Christian
>
>

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Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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    > From: Christian Vogt <christian.vogt@ericsson.com>

    > Portability of EID prefixes requires that the ALT topology follows
    > EID-addressing. This leads to potentially longer-than-optimal paths
    > along the ALT topology. Vice versa, if path stretch is to be limited,
    > then portability of EID prefixes must be restricted.

Yes, but this is only for the first packet(s), until the mapping gets back to
the ITR. Do you really think a few extra hops there are going to be a
problem? (Especially given that due to EGP/IGP information flow barriers,
paths probably aren't completely optimal anyway....)

Also, what percentage of DNS resolutions take more than one round-trip
(because of the use of multi-level DNS names)? Surely that's an even worse
delay (several round-trips, as opposed to simply a few extra hops), but I
don't think I've heard complaints about that?

        Noel
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Cc: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>, lisp@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] LISP PMTU - 2 methods in draft-farinacci-lisp-11
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Hi Fred,

Thanks for these references, and some other PMTUD discussion in
the "Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG
forming BOF is necessary for LISP" thread, which I will respond
to here:

>> I stand corrected about LISP's approach to PMTUD - the latest
>> draft does include an outline of a workable solution.
>
> I don't know if you were fishing for a response,

No.  I meant it was at least going to work, if the PTBs
contained the nonce.  It may not work very well, but that is
better than the stateless approach, which won't work at all.

> but the
> stateful solution outlined in the latest LISP draft still
> has problems. It should also be mentioned that the approach
> (drop first; return PTBs for subsequent) is not new and
> has been proposed many times over the years.

I hadn't heard of this approach before.  I still think it has
problems.

> The approach in the current LISP draft still relies on ICMPs
> coming from anonymous network middleboxes (which Dino himself
> has said that we cannot depend on),

Dino clarified this to say that he thinks we can rely on PTBs
being sent - and generally rely on them being received:

  http://www.irtf.org/pipermail/rrg/2009-January/000899.html

    But ICMP TooBig and Time-Exceeded message are sent and are
    more dependable. That is, they can get lost when they are
    transmitted since they are single transmitted datagrams. But
    at least they are sent.

I assume this is true - it makes sense.  Anyone configuring a
DFZ router or an internal router between any ITR and ETR would
be badly mistaken not to allow generation of any PTBs.


> and provides insufficient
> means for authenticating any ICMPs that may come. For example,
> even if the ICMPs were delivered, and even if they included
> the LISP nonce, it would be impractical for the ITR to cache
> enough nonces of enough recently-sent packets especially at
> high data rates.

I tend to agree, but it depends on how smart the ITR is about
recognising "longer packets" and only caching details for that
subset.  There's no need for the ITR to cache a LISP nonce for
the purposes of PMTUD if the packet is shorter than some
constant below which it can be assumed there are no MTU
problems.  So VoIP packets and quite a few others will not need
to have any nonce or other details cached.

I wonder if there is a cryptographic approach to generating 32
bit nonces such that it is not necessary to cache each one in
order to be able to verify that a nonce in a PTB matched a
recently sent packet?

For instance, for a period of a second or two, set a randomly
selected set of 16 bits in the 32 bit nonce to some particular
bit pattern, which is pseudo-random, which remains the same for
the period and is cached.  Then, change the other 16 bits for
each generated nonce.

Hmmm - this just makes it easier for an attacker to spoof a nonce.

Maybe send the same nonce for all packets for 0.1 seconds . . .
No - if an attacker can get a tunneled packet from this ITR to
its own ETR then it use the nonce to spoof a PTB apparently from
a tunnel to another ETR.

Maybe there is some snappy crypto approach to this, but it needs
to be lightweight when checking the nonce in a PTB - and
knowledge of another recent nonce must not allow an attacker to
improve their chances of spoofing a valid nonce of another
packet tunneled to some other ETR.


My plan in:

  http://www.firstpr.com.au/ip/ivip/pmtud-frag/

is that a very small subset of packets get the special PMTUD
treatment.  Every such packet will result in a reduction of the
zone of uncertainty about the path MTU to the ETR.  Data will
either be delivered or the ETR and therefore the destination
network or the ITR will send a valid PTB to the sending host.

Pretty quickly, ordinary RFC 1191 sending host behaviour will
result in the zone of uncertainty being reduced to zero.  Then,
except for occasional attempts to try longer packets than the
current estimate allows, or to confirm that packets are getting
through when they are close to, or at, the current MTU limit,
there is no special treatment of packets and so nothing to
cache.  (In Ivip, ordinarily tunneled packets hitting an MTU
limit will not generate a PTB to the ITR - the PTB will go to
the sending host and not be recognised there.)

> So, the only option is to ignore ICMPs (leads to black holes)
> or honor ICMPs (leads to denial of large packet service).

If the ITR doesn't attempt to recognise PTBs, then it needs some
other way of determining PMTU to the ETR - which involves
special protocols between the ITR and ETR.  This is part of what
I am proposing.

My approach does recognise PTBs if they are sent with enough of
the offending packet to contain the nonce in the "Packet B",
which is the same length as the original traffic packet would
become with ordinary Ivip encapsulation.  This requires the
intermediate router send back at least 8 bytes more than the
bare minimum 8 bytes required by RFC 1911.

I think it is reasonable to expect DFZ and internal routers to
do this.  I recall someone writing that many do it already.  It
would be a straightforward config change or firmware update to
make sure they all did it in time for the introduction of Ivip
or any similar system.

So secure recognition of PTBs is used by my system, but the
system will still work without PTBs.

> I have said this before, but AFAICT DF=1 is busted.

I don't understand why.  My approach should support any RFC 1191
 sending host creating DF=1 packets as long as it likes,
including as more and more paths between ITRs and ETRs change
from ~1500 to ~9000 or whatever in the future.

It is the DF=0 packets I think are a problem.  I intend to
handle them up to a certain length - something a little below
1500 bytes.  Longer than that and the ITR will drop them.

I think it is unreasonable for a sending host to expect the
network to fragment its excessively long packets ca. 2015 or
whenever Ivip or the like is deployed.  RFC 1191 is a perfectly
good approach and has been available since 1990.

  - Robin

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Subject: Re: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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On Jan 24, 2009, Dino Farinacci wrote:

>> 4 - LISP-ALT's Aggregation implies provider dependence.
>>     This is Christian Vogt's critique:
>>     http://psg.com/lists/rrg/2008/msg00259.html
>
> Not true. Aggregation here is for the EID-prefix. Service providers do
> not carry EID-prefixes in their cores so you don't depend on them. The
> decoupling of the address creates this. The dependence is now on the
> ALT. And if your site resides in a specific region of the world, you  
> get
> your EID-prefixes from that registry. So readdressing your domain  
> would
> only occur if you moved it from one region to another (let's leave
> mobile ASes out of this for now).


Dino -

There is a tradeoff between EID portability and path stretch along the
ALT topology, and I believe the tradeoff made in LISP/ALT has been
revised a few times.

Portability of EID prefixes requires that the ALT topology follows
EID-addressing.  This leads to potentially longer-than-optimal paths
along the ALT topology.  Vice versa, if path stretch is to be limited,
then portability of EID prefixes must be restricted.

According to your email to Robin, LISP/ALT currently makes the following
tradeoff:  Portability of EID prefixes is limited geographically in
order to curb path stretch along the ALT topology to the maximum that
can happen within a geographical region.

That's possible, of course.  The cost is that networks scattered over
different parts of the world, such as those of enterprises with global
presence, cannot use a continuous address space internally -- even if
they all attach to the same provider.

- Christian


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Subject: Re: [lisp] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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On Jan 28, 2009, Dino Farinacci wrote:

> You cannot push around 10^10 entries and store them everywhere. [...]



Dino -

I think we should experimentally compare ALT with other mapping systems
before we decide whether pull-based or push-based mapping systems are
better.  Dismissing push-based mapping systems without corroborating
data would be a bit premature in my opinion.

In the absence of experimentation results, I would actually argue in
favor of push-based mapping systems based on some analytical reasoning:
Pull-based mapping systems have two important disadvantages compared to
push-based mapping systems:

- Performance penalty, i.e., additional propagation latencies for some
   packets, and higher loss probabilities for packets that take a sub-
   optimal path

- Robustness penalty due to a new online dependency on components off
   the actual transmission path.  (FWIW: All pull-based mapping systems
   have this penalty.  Mapping requests must be routed via overlay
   infrastructure because the direct route is unknown at that time.)

Furthermore, I do not share your concerns regarding push-based mapping
systems:  BGP is pushing routing data already today, and this works
fine.  Any routing-scalability-related issues with BGP are not due to
BGP being push-based; they are due to frequent updates and a high load
for core routers.  Both of these issues would go away in an address
indirection architecture (be it LISP, Ivip, APT, or Six/One Router),
independent of whether you use a pull- or push-based mapping system.

In conclusion:  The overlay approach of ALT is certainly an interesting
idea.  But I think it would be premature to conclude that it is the only
viable solution before we have more evidence to back this claim.

- Christian


PS:  I admit that I have never been really good in avoiding cross-
posting.  But this is obviously my all-time negative record...



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[ Forked from thread:  "Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to
whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP". ]


On Jan 28, 2009, Noel Chiappa wrote:

> Also, what percentage of DNS resolutions take more than one round-trip
> (because of the use of multi-level DNS names)? Surely that's an even
> worse delay (several round-trips, as opposed to simply a few extra
> hops), but I don't think I've heard complaints about that?


Noel -

There are two significant differences between the delays introduced by
DNS during hostname resolution, and the delays introduced by a pull-
based mapping system:

- DNS-related delays do not affect transport protocols, whereas pull-
   based mapping systems do.

- DNS does not create off-path dependencies for routing, whereas a
   pull-based mapping system does.  In pull-based mapping systems, at
   least the mapping requests must travel via an overlay because the
   direct routing path is not yet known at the request time.  This
   creates an off-path dependency for routing.

The first bullet is a performance issue.  Experimentation could help in
finding out how much of a problem this is.  The second bullet is a
robustness issue.  More analysis and discussion would help to better
understand the consequences of this.

- Christian


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Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2009 15:24:55 -0500 (EST)
From: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu (Noel Chiappa)
Cc: jnc@mercury.lcs.mit.edu
Subject: Re: [lisp] [rrg] Please respond: Questions from the IESG as to whether a WG forming BOF is necessary for LISP
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    > From: Christian Vogt <christian.vogt@ericsson.com>

    > Any routing-scalability-related issues with BGP are not due to BGP
    > being push-based; they are due to frequent updates ... [this]
    > issue[] would go away in an address indirection architecture 

Not necessarily. It all depends on what functionality you're trying to get
out of that layer of binding, i.e. how often the average binding changes.
E.g. if you try and do some mobility through that binding layer (I'm not
saying we should, just as an illustration) that will radically increase the
rate/amount of updates.


On a more general note, I actually did some 'back of the envelope'
calculations a year or two ago, trying to decide whether to use push or pull,
and my recollection is that the update rate numbers (i.e. the control traffic
at each and every ITR) for push got fairly significant (in terms of the
number of updates per second) even with only moderate numbers of mapping
entries, and a fairly low assumed per-entry update rate (e.g. for provider
changes only).

Certainly, a full-push system is going to be distributing lots of mappings to
boxes that never use them - my guess was something in the 99% region, if not
much higher. (Long digression on the optimal mapping distribution system
omitted - the points you raise are certainly valid, but there are good points
on both sides, and I don't think the answer is clear-cut - if it were,
we probably wouldn't still be discussing it.)


Also, I'm not sure that for those working on LISP, ALT is the 'preferred'
long-range answer to the question of 'what does the mapping subsystem look
like'. I think the focus is on ALT at the moment in large part because it's
fairly easy to deploy, because it re-uses existing code. (Dino et al, please
correct me to the degree I am confused here.)

It might well make sense to transition to something else in the long run -
but then of course one has the transition issue to deal with, and from what
thinking I have put into that particular problem, it's more problematic that
some of the other long-term transition issues (e.g. to a different inter-xTR
packet format, etc). So that would argue to make replacement of that
subsystem priority number one...

	Noel
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