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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> This text does not fully address the example I posted (footest2.yang).
> >>
> >> The problem is more complicated than just must/when expressions.
> >>
> >> If the local prefix is not used (the normal use-case), then
> >> the module with the uses-stmt will be used to find
> >> identities and types, and resolve the default-stmt.
> >> This is broken.
> > 
> > I agree that this would be broken.  But that is not how it works.  I
> > was a bit unclear in my quote of the proposed text -- the text was
> > from section 6.4.1, the XPath context, which applies to must/when/path
> > only.  Below I have attached the complete text for this section.  The
> > rules for non-xpath statements are the same as before.
> > 
> 
> how does this apply to types and identityrefs, and defaults?

It does not change.

[...]

> Before, all of these statements that use QNames will use the
> module that defined the statement as the local module,
> to resolve the missing prefix .

Yes.

> Now these are all changing too, right?

No.

> Are you saying that some prefixes (or missing prefixes)
> inside a grouping will mean one thing, and mean another
> thing just inside must/when statements?

They already do.  In YANG statements, the prefix refers to a module
(or even a particular version of a module).  In XPath, the prefix
refers to an XML namespaces.

For a module designer, the simple rule of thumb is "do not use
prefixes for local references" (which also saves typing and makes the
module easier to read).


/martin

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Sat Aug  1 04:14:36 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Čt 30. 07. 2009 v 19:33 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >So one has to come to the conclusion in this case that a mandatory node
> >has to be set by the client in order to get into the datastore and thus
> >cannot be supplied by the server in an "initial factory setting".
> 
> I don't grok the hangup here, but perhaps if you view it
> this way it will help.  On some boxes, when the startup
> mechanism notices that the configuration database is empty,
> a "local client application" is triggered that loads some
> factory default configuration into the configuration database.
> And this "local client" need not be a NETCONF client, it
> can be something as mundane as:
> 
>    [ -s $config ] || cp $factory_defaults $config

So if I unwrap my device and switch it on, mandatory (and perhaps some
other) nodes are filled in. Now:

1. Is this factory default configuration (part of) the 'initial default
state' that RFC 4741 talks about?

2. Will the values set this way be returned in get-config having
with-defaults=false?

3. Is it possible that this factory default configuration sets some
optional leafs to values that differ from the defaults specified in the
data model? 

Lada

> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Martin Bjorklund píše v So 01. 08. 2009 v 10:07 +0200:

> > Are you saying that some prefixes (or missing prefixes)
> > inside a grouping will mean one thing, and mean another
> > thing just inside must/when statements?
> 
> They already do.  In YANG statements, the prefix refers to a module
> (or even a particular version of a module).  In XPath, the prefix
> refers to an XML namespaces.

Or putting it differently: names in XPath expressions refer to nodes in
the instance data tree, other names refer to "schema objects" (nodes,
typedefs, groupings, identities, ...).

Lada

> 
> For a module designer, the simple rule of thumb is "do not use
> prefixes for local references" (which also saves typing and makes the
> module easier to read).
> 
> 
> /martin
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> This text does not fully address the example I posted (footest2.yang).
>>>>
>>>> The problem is more complicated than just must/when expressions.
>>>>
>>>> If the local prefix is not used (the normal use-case), then
>>>> the module with the uses-stmt will be used to find
>>>> identities and types, and resolve the default-stmt.
>>>> This is broken.
>>> I agree that this would be broken.  But that is not how it works.  I
>>> was a bit unclear in my quote of the proposed text -- the text was
>>> from section 6.4.1, the XPath context, which applies to must/when/path
>>> only.  Below I have attached the complete text for this section.  The
>>> rules for non-xpath statements are the same as before.
>>>
>> how does this apply to types and identityrefs, and defaults?
> 
> It does not change.
> 
> [...]
> 
>> Before, all of these statements that use QNames will use the
>> module that defined the statement as the local module,
>> to resolve the missing prefix .
> 
> Yes.
> 
>> Now these are all changing too, right?
> 
> No.
> 

Well -- this is broken.
Why is it OK for a prefix in a default-stmt to do
the wrong thing, but not a must-stmt?
IMO, your proposal is extremely fragile
and impossible for off-the-shelf tools to implement.

It is also broken, since the exact same QName used
in a default-stmt (my-identity in the example)
will be treated differently in a must or when statement.

Can you explain why you think only the prefixes in
an XPath expression are a problem, but not other
uses of the local prefix?


Andy


>> Are you saying that some prefixes (or missing prefixes)
>> inside a grouping will mean one thing, and mean another
>> thing just inside must/when statements?
> 
> They already do.  In YANG statements, the prefix refers to a module
> (or even a particular version of a module).  In XPath, the prefix
> refers to an XML namespaces.
> 
> For a module designer, the simple rule of thumb is "do not use
> prefixes for local references" (which also saves typing and makes the
> module easier to read).
> 
> 
> /martin
> 



From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Sat Aug  1 09:16:49 2009
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Andy Bierman píše v So 01. 08. 2009 v 08:11 -0700:

> 
> Well -- this is broken.
> Why is it OK for a prefix in a default-stmt to do
> the wrong thing, but not a must-stmt?
> IMO, your proposal is extremely fragile
> and impossible for off-the-shelf tools to implement.

Why? The implementation just has to be careful about the context in
which QNames (actually only those without any prefix) are used.

> 
> It is also broken, since the exact same QName used
> in a default-stmt (my-identity in the example)
> will be treated differently in a must or when statement.

This is because the use of prefixes is overloaded. QNames inside XPath
expressions point to qualitatively different things than those outside.

> 
> Can you explain why you think only the prefixes in
> an XPath expression are a problem, but not other
> uses of the local prefix?

All prefixes (be they in XPath or not, in a grouping or not) are
resolved in the module where they appear. Only the handling of names
without prefixes differs because we want the late binding for names of
data nodes in groupings. This late binding of course must not happen for
names schema objects. However, these two cases are easily separable on
the basis of the statement in which they appear.

Lada

> 
> 
> Andy
> 
> 
> >> Are you saying that some prefixes (or missing prefixes)
> >> inside a grouping will mean one thing, and mean another
> >> thing just inside must/when statements?
> > 
> > They already do.  In YANG statements, the prefix refers to a module
> > (or even a particular version of a module).  In XPath, the prefix
> > refers to an XML namespaces.
> > 
> > For a module designer, the simple rule of thumb is "do not use
> > prefixes for local references" (which also saves typing and makes the
> > module easier to read).
> > 
> > 
> > /martin
> > 
> 
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Andy Bierman píše v So 01. 08. 2009 v 08:11 -0700:
> 
>> Well -- this is broken.
>> Why is it OK for a prefix in a default-stmt to do
>> the wrong thing, but not a must-stmt?
>> IMO, your proposal is extremely fragile
>> and impossible for off-the-shelf tools to implement.
> 
> Why? The implementation just has to be careful about the context in
> which QNames (actually only those without any prefix) are used.
> 
>> It is also broken, since the exact same QName used
>> in a default-stmt (my-identity in the example)
>> will be treated differently in a must or when statement.
> 
> This is because the use of prefixes is overloaded. QNames inside XPath
> expressions point to qualitatively different things than those outside.
> 
>> Can you explain why you think only the prefixes in
>> an XPath expression are a problem, but not other
>> uses of the local prefix?
> 
> All prefixes (be they in XPath or not, in a grouping or not) are
> resolved in the module where they appear. Only the handling of names
> without prefixes differs because we want the late binding for names of
> data nodes in groupings. This late binding of course must not happen for
> names schema objects. However, these two cases are easily separable on
> the basis of the statement in which they appear.
> 


Look at the example I posted.
The ambiguity for no-prefix resolution
exists everywhere.  Your proposal will
only make things worse by creating special rules
for some statements, while leaving other statements
in the same grouping broken.

The prefixes are not special because they are in must/when
expressions.  These are NOT XML prefixes at all.  They
are within a YANG module, and they are using YANG prefixes,
not XML prefixes.

The mapping from YANG module namespace to XML namespace is
an implementation detail that applies to every
part of YANG, not just must/when statements.


> Lada
> 


Andy


>>
>> Andy
>>
>>
>>>> Are you saying that some prefixes (or missing prefixes)
>>>> inside a grouping will mean one thing, and mean another
>>>> thing just inside must/when statements?
>>> They already do.  In YANG statements, the prefix refers to a module
>>> (or even a particular version of a module).  In XPath, the prefix
>>> refers to an XML namespaces.
>>>
>>> For a module designer, the simple rule of thumb is "do not use
>>> prefixes for local references" (which also saves typing and makes the
>>> module easier to read).
>>>
>>>
>>> /martin
>>>
>>



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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> The prefixes are not special because they are in must/when
> expressions.  These are NOT XML prefixes at all.  They
> are within a YANG module, and they are using YANG prefixes,
> not XML prefixes.

No they *are* different in XPath than in ordinary YANG statements.  In
XPath they are used to map to an XML namespace, in YANG statements
they are used to map to a (specific version of a) YANG module.

At this point I am not sure I understand your objection.  Do you think
that there are technical problems with the solution?  If so, what are
they?


/martin

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Sat Aug  1 14:56:42 2009
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On Fri, Jul 31, 2009 at 12:34:35AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> Uh-oh, another detail:  Should 'yang' really be 'netmod'?  IMO, yes.
> The naming authority is the NETMOD WG, not the YANG language.

Its called yang because the module is yang. The naming authority is
the IETF.
 
>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:DRAFT:foo-03
>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:DRAFT:foo-04
>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:DRAFT:bar-00
> 
> So what is a real YANG module URN supposed to look like?
> 
>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:RFC5991:foo
>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:RFC6210:foo
>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:RFC5991:bar

No.

> Where is this registry and template defined?

In the YANG language definition.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sat Aug  1 15:20:12 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> The prefixes are not special because they are in must/when
>> expressions.  These are NOT XML prefixes at all.  They
>> are within a YANG module, and they are using YANG prefixes,
>> not XML prefixes.
> 
> No they *are* different in XPath than in ordinary YANG statements.  In
> XPath they are used to map to an XML namespace, in YANG statements
> they are used to map to a (specific version of a) YANG module.
> 

That seems irrelevant to me.

> At this point I am not sure I understand your objection.  Do you think
> that there are technical problems with the solution?  If so, what are
> they?
> 


must and when statements are not the only YANG constructs
that can be defined within a grouping that can have an implied prefix.


mod 1: prefix foo1;

    grouping ggg {
       container test-top {
         leaf bar { type uint8; }
         leaf baz {
             must "../goo = 'my-identity' and . > 42";
             type MyType;
         }
         leaf goo {
            type identityref {
               base MyBase;
            }
            default my-identity;
         }
      }
   }


mod 2: prefix foo;
   container one {
        uses foo1:ggg;
    }
}




In this example, the must expression will reference
the foo:my-identity definition, but the default
references the foo1:my-identity.  This is not obvious at all.

The type-stmt references the foo1:MyType typedef for leaf 'goo',
but in XPath the leaf 'goo' will use the other definition of MyType,
which is a boolean, not an int32.  This seems broken to me.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sat Aug  1 18:34:45 2009
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Hi,

Sec. 5.6.4 clearly says that the deviation
parameter indicates the name of the module
defining device deviations.

So even though deviation-stmt is defined
in body-stmt, the deviation(s) advertised
in a module capability cannot be sub-modules.

If the deviations are located in a submodule,
then the main module is advertised instead.

You cannot go backwards from a sub-module to
the exact main module because the belongs-to statement
does not have a revision-date field.

How come deviations are stored in YANG modules,
but their revision dates are ignored, unlike
a real YANG module.  An agent has no way to advertise
to revision of the deviations module used.

Deviations which are external (the target is
in a different module) are too complicated to fully
process when the deviations file contains local
typedefs and identities.  It is also unnatural because
the deviations module needs to import the target
module, but (of course) the target module cannot import the
deviations module, or an imports loop would form.

So with deviations, the patched file can end up
referencing definitions which are not imported
at all.  This will result in errors.

I think the draft needs to be clear that the
patched object (deviations applied) MUST be
valid using just the imports and includes in
the patched file.

e.g.:

 module-capability&module=foo&revision=2009-08-01&deviation=dev

module dev {
   namespace "dev-NS";
   prefix dev;

   import foo {
     prefix foo;
     revision-date 2009-08-01;
   }

   typedef mytype {
      type string;
   }

   deviation /foo:bar/foo:baz {
      deviate replace {
        type {
           dev:mytype;
        }
      }
   }
}

This will cause an error in the patched foo module,
because dev:mytype cannot be found.


Andy







From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Sun Aug  2 04:10:18 2009
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Hi,

we should strictly distinguish between data node identifiers that live
in a "target XML namespace" and become names of XML elements in instance
documents, and names of "schema things" that essentialy belong to a YANG
module - schema nodes, types, groupings, identities.

Only the former - if they appear in a grouping and have no prefix - may
be subject to the late namespace binding.

It is IMO a bit unfortunate that these two namespaces are handled as
one. At least we now don't use XPath for addressing schema nodes (in
'augment' and 'refine').

The identityrefs are really very tricky and in XPath expressions they
seem to be almost unusable since they appear as string literals. It is a
technical problem although it wasn't introduced by the new text. IMO the
only sensible way out may be a custom XPath function identityref()
performing the type casting. I guess we are stretching poor XPath too
far here.

Lada

Andy Bierman píše v So 01. 08. 2009 v 15:20 -0700:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> The prefixes are not special because they are in must/when
> >> expressions.  These are NOT XML prefixes at all.  They
> >> are within a YANG module, and they are using YANG prefixes,
> >> not XML prefixes.
> > 
> > No they *are* different in XPath than in ordinary YANG statements.  In
> > XPath they are used to map to an XML namespace, in YANG statements
> > they are used to map to a (specific version of a) YANG module.
> > 
> 
> That seems irrelevant to me.
> 
> > At this point I am not sure I understand your objection.  Do you think
> > that there are technical problems with the solution?  If so, what are
> > they?
> > 
> 
> 
> must and when statements are not the only YANG constructs
> that can be defined within a grouping that can have an implied prefix.
> 
> 
> mod 1: prefix foo1;
> 
>     grouping ggg {
>        container test-top {
>          leaf bar { type uint8; }
>          leaf baz {
>              must "../goo = 'my-identity' and . > 42";
>              type MyType;
>          }
>          leaf goo {
>             type identityref {
>                base MyBase;
>             }
>             default my-identity;
>          }
>       }
>    }
> 
> 
> mod 2: prefix foo;
>    container one {
>         uses foo1:ggg;
>     }
> }
> 
> 
> 
> 
> In this example, the must expression will reference
> the foo:my-identity definition, but the default
> references the foo1:my-identity.  This is not obvious at all.
> 
> The type-stmt references the foo1:MyType typedef for leaf 'goo',
> but in XPath the leaf 'goo' will use the other definition of MyType,
> which is a boolean, not an int32.  This seems broken to me.
> 
> 
> > 
> > /martin
> > 
> 
> Andy
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sun Aug  2 07:16:10 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> we should strictly distinguish between data node identifiers that live
> in a "target XML namespace" and become names of XML elements in instance
> documents, and names of "schema things" that essentialy belong to a YANG
> module - schema nodes, types, groupings, identities.
> 
> Only the former - if they appear in a grouping and have no prefix - may
> be subject to the late namespace binding.
> 

why is that, exactly?

> It is IMO a bit unfortunate that these two namespaces are handled as
> one. At least we now don't use XPath for addressing schema nodes (in
> 'augment' and 'refine').
> 
> The identityrefs are really very tricky and in XPath expressions they
> seem to be almost unusable since they appear as string literals. It is a
> technical problem although it wasn't introduced by the new text. IMO the
> only sensible way out may be a custom XPath function identityref()
> performing the type casting. I guess we are stretching poor XPath too
> far here.
> 
> Lada
> 

Andy

> Andy Bierman píše v So 01. 08. 2009 v 15:20 -0700:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> The prefixes are not special because they are in must/when
>>>> expressions.  These are NOT XML prefixes at all.  They
>>>> are within a YANG module, and they are using YANG prefixes,
>>>> not XML prefixes.
>>> No they *are* different in XPath than in ordinary YANG statements.  In
>>> XPath they are used to map to an XML namespace, in YANG statements
>>> they are used to map to a (specific version of a) YANG module.
>>>
>> That seems irrelevant to me.
>>
>>> At this point I am not sure I understand your objection.  Do you think
>>> that there are technical problems with the solution?  If so, what are
>>> they?
>>>
>>
>> must and when statements are not the only YANG constructs
>> that can be defined within a grouping that can have an implied prefix.
>>
>>
>> mod 1: prefix foo1;
>>
>>     grouping ggg {
>>        container test-top {
>>          leaf bar { type uint8; }
>>          leaf baz {
>>              must "../goo = 'my-identity' and . > 42";
>>              type MyType;
>>          }
>>          leaf goo {
>>             type identityref {
>>                base MyBase;
>>             }
>>             default my-identity;
>>          }
>>       }
>>    }
>>
>>
>> mod 2: prefix foo;
>>    container one {
>>         uses foo1:ggg;
>>     }
>> }
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> In this example, the must expression will reference
>> the foo:my-identity definition, but the default
>> references the foo1:my-identity.  This is not obvious at all.
>>
>> The type-stmt references the foo1:MyType typedef for leaf 'goo',
>> but in XPath the leaf 'goo' will use the other definition of MyType,
>> which is a boolean, not an int32.  This seems broken to me.
>>
>>
>>> /martin
>>>
>> Andy



From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Sun Aug  2 08:49:37 2009
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Andy Bierman píše v Ne 02. 08. 2009 v 07:12 -0700:
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > we should strictly distinguish between data node identifiers that live
> > in a "target XML namespace" and become names of XML elements in instance
> > documents, and names of "schema things" that essentialy belong to a YANG
> > module - schema nodes, types, groupings, identities.
> > 
> > Only the former - if they appear in a grouping and have no prefix - may
> > be subject to the late namespace binding.
> > 
> 
> why is that, exactly?

That's my understanding of how groupings are supposed to work. Is it
insufficient?

Lada

-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sun Aug  2 09:59:36 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Andy Bierman píše v Ne 02. 08. 2009 v 07:12 -0700:
>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> we should strictly distinguish between data node identifiers that live
>>> in a "target XML namespace" and become names of XML elements in instance
>>> documents, and names of "schema things" that essentialy belong to a YANG
>>> module - schema nodes, types, groupings, identities.
>>>
>>> Only the former - if they appear in a grouping and have no prefix - may
>>> be subject to the late namespace binding.
>>>
>> why is that, exactly?
> 
> That's my understanding of how groupings are supposed to work. Is it
> insufficient?

yes.  It is not my understanding of how the default prefix works.
IMO, it is extremely non-obvious that, within a YANG file,
the same QNames will mean different things in various contexts.

IMO, one of the best tests of a good modeling language is how easy or difficult
it is for an author to mess up and inadvertently do the wrong thing.
The 'astonishment factor' in YANG is fairly high, and about to get worse.

> 
> Lada
> 

Andy

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Subject: Re: [netmod] yang usage: temporary URI issue
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Fri, Jul 31, 2009 at 12:34:35AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> Uh-oh, another detail:  Should 'yang' really be 'netmod'?  IMO, yes.
>> The naming authority is the NETMOD WG, not the YANG language.
> 
> Its called yang because the module is yang. The naming authority is
> the IETF.
>  

OK -- but it is confusing that this is set to the WG name
in every other usage.

Here are the data model namespaces we have in RFCs already:

   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:notification:1.0
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:notification

Here are the temporary namespaces that have been used so far in I-Ds:

   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:partial-lock:1.0
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:state
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:with-defaults:1.0


Now you can see why I raised this issue.

So, what is the temporary URI format that should be used in
these drafts?


What about version numbers in the namespace?
We should not do that! We should use revision-date (or
version in XSD) to distinguish versions.

Both temporary and permanent namespace URIs should
use the revision date instead of the namespace.
Otherwise it is inconsistent, and we will be asking
every YANG author from now on to bother IANA every
time they update their I-D.

The module 'yang' seems wrong to me.
The namespace becomes the targetNamespace in XSD.
It is not YANG specific at all.  I think
it is NETCONF-specific, since all our YANG
modules are currently written for use with NETCONF.

Here is another attempt:

temporary URIs:

   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:partial-lock:DRAFT
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:state:DRAFT
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:with-defaults:DRAFT


real URIs:

   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:partial-lock
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:state
   urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:with-defaults


IANA just needs to drop the :DRAFT at RFC publication time.
Simple.  It works.  Can we move on?



>>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:DRAFT:foo-03
>>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:DRAFT:foo-04
>>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:DRAFT:bar-00
>>
>> So what is a real YANG module URN supposed to look like?
>>
>>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:RFC5991:foo
>>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:RFC6210:foo
>>     namespace urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:RFC5991:bar
> 
> No.
> 
>> Where is this registry and template defined?
> 
> In the YANG language definition.
> 
> /js
> 


Andy


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Subject: Re: [netmod] yang usage: temporary URI issue
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On Sun, Aug 02, 2009 at 07:24:01PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> > On Fri, Jul 31, 2009 at 12:34:35AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> >  
> >> Uh-oh, another detail:  Should 'yang' really be 'netmod'?  IMO, yes.
> >> The naming authority is the NETMOD WG, not the YANG language.
> > 
> > Its called yang because the module is yang. The naming authority is
> > the IETF.
> >  
> 
> OK -- but it is confusing that this is set to the WG name
> in every other usage.
> 
> Here are the data model namespaces we have in RFCs already:
> 
>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0
>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:notification:1.0
>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:notification

You confuse protocol capability URNs with data model namespaces. And I
agree that the 3rd one was a rather poor choice.
 
> Here are the temporary namespaces that have been used so far in I-Ds:
> 
>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:partial-lock:1.0
>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:state
>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:with-defaults:1.0
> 
> Now you can see why I raised this issue.
> 
> So, what is the temporary URI format that should be used in
> these drafts?

urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:netconf-partial-lock:DRAFT-09
urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:netconf-state:DRAFT-07

The with-defaults is again a capability URI, so it should follow the
other capability URIs in format:

urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:with-defaults:1.0

> What about version numbers in the namespace?
> We should not do that! We should use revision-date (or
> version in XSD) to distinguish versions.

The Version Number is the version of the Internet-Draft and will go
away once an RFC the official IANA assignment is being made.

> Both temporary and permanent namespace URIs should
> use the revision date instead of the namespace.
> Otherwise it is inconsistent, and we will be asking
> every YANG author from now on to bother IANA every
> time they update their I-D.

The string in an ID is a placeholder until IANA does the final
assignment.

> The module 'yang' seems wrong to me.

It is a namespace assigned for use with the YANG data modeling
language. For me, WG names are pointless since they come and go.

> The namespace becomes the targetNamespace in XSD.

Yes.

> It is not YANG specific at all.  I think
> it is NETCONF-specific, since all our YANG
> modules are currently written for use with NETCONF.

The data model are written in YANG and conform to the YANG
restrictions of NETCONF content and so I believe yang is correct.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Subject: Re: [netmod] yang usage: temporary URI issue
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 02, 2009 at 07:24:01PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>> Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
>>> On Fri, Jul 31, 2009 at 12:34:35AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>>>  
>>>> Uh-oh, another detail:  Should 'yang' really be 'netmod'?  IMO, yes.
>>>> The naming authority is the NETMOD WG, not the YANG language.
>>> Its called yang because the module is yang. The naming authority is
>>> the IETF.
>>>  
>> OK -- but it is confusing that this is set to the WG name
>> in every other usage.
>>
>> Here are the data model namespaces we have in RFCs already:
>>
>>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0
>>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:notification:1.0
>>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netmod:notification
> 
> You confuse protocol capability URNs with data model namespaces. And I
> agree that the 3rd one was a rather poor choice.
>  
>> Here are the temporary namespaces that have been used so far in I-Ds:
>>
>>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:partial-lock:1.0
>>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:state
>>    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:with-defaults:1.0
>>
>> Now you can see why I raised this issue.
>>
>> So, what is the temporary URI format that should be used in
>> these drafts?
> 
> urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:netconf-partial-lock:DRAFT-09
> urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:netconf-state:DRAFT-07
> 


So you want every YANG I-D author
to be forced to update the IANA registry
every time the I-D is updated?
Because if the version number is in the string,
that is what will be required.

The registry might get really big after only a few years.
IMO, it is better to get the IANA assignment at
the time of the -00 draft only.

There is no point in letting authors make up their
own namespace strings that look like IANA assignments.
(But that's what we've been doing.)

These are supposed to be globally unique strings that never get reused,
so a real registry entry is needed.  Either that, or
leave the field broken (like in SMIv2) in I-Ds.

Why is the revision-date good enough between RFC versions,
but not between draft versions?



> The with-defaults is again a capability URI, so it should follow the
> other capability URIs in format:
> 
> urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:with-defaults:1.0
> 
>> What about version numbers in the namespace?
>> We should not do that! We should use revision-date (or
>> version in XSD) to distinguish versions.
> 
> The Version Number is the version of the Internet-Draft and will go
> away once an RFC the official IANA assignment is being made.
> 
>> Both temporary and permanent namespace URIs should
>> use the revision date instead of the namespace.
>> Otherwise it is inconsistent, and we will be asking
>> every YANG author from now on to bother IANA every
>> time they update their I-D.
> 
> The string in an ID is a placeholder until IANA does the final
> assignment.
> 
>> The module 'yang' seems wrong to me.
> 
> It is a namespace assigned for use with the YANG data modeling
> language. For me, WG names are pointless since they come and go.
> 
>> The namespace becomes the targetNamespace in XSD.
> 
> Yes.
> 
>> It is not YANG specific at all.  I think
>> it is NETCONF-specific, since all our YANG
>> modules are currently written for use with NETCONF.
> 
> The data model are written in YANG and conform to the YANG
> restrictions of NETCONF content and so I believe yang is correct.
> 
> /js
> 

Andy

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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
....
> The with-defaults is again a capability URI, so it should follow the
> other capability URIs in format:
> 
> urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:with-defaults:1.0
> 


The <with-defaults> element is defined in a targetNamespace
with the same value as the capability URI.

It is also incorrectly specified in the XSD in section 4.
The <with-defaults> parameter is a leaf, not an XML attribute.

IMO, the ":1.0" should be left out of the XML namespace.

> ....
> The data model are written in YANG and conform to the YANG
> restrictions of NETCONF content and so I believe yang is correct.
> 

OK

So, when the -00 I-D is published, the main part
of the URI is requested from IANA.  The :DRAFT-XX
is added by the author without any IANA involvement.

The 3 I-D namespace URIs should be:

    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-partial-lock:DRAFT-09
    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-netconf-state:DRAFT-07
    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-with-defaults:DRAFT-02

Not only are the versions wrong, the names are wrong too.

So the process almost works:

 1) publish draft -00; get IANA assignment
 2) publish DRAFT-nn versions
 3) publish the 1st RFC version
 4) publish RFC-bis draft -00 version
    oops: the DRAFT-00 URI was used already way back in step 1

Another issue: people who reference the IANA registry
do not know if an entry is published at RFC or DRAFT status,
or which RFC number or I-D name.


> /js
> 

Andy

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Sun Aug  2 11:51:00 2009
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On Sun, Aug 02, 2009 at 08:09:50PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:

> So you want every YANG I-D author
> to be forced to update the IANA registry
> every time the I-D is updated?
> Because if the version number is in the string,
> that is what will be required.
> 
> The registry might get really big after only a few years.
> IMO, it is better to get the IANA assignment at
> the time of the -00 draft only.

Except you, I have not heard anyone suggesting this.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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On Sun, Aug 02, 2009 at 08:35:15PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> So, when the -00 I-D is published, the main part
> of the URI is requested from IANA.  The :DRAFT-XX
> is added by the author without any IANA involvement.

No. The IANA assignment is made after IESG approval with a
recommendation already in the ID with an added :DRAFT-xx to mark it
clearly as a non-official URI.
 
> The 3 I-D namespace URIs should be:
> 
>     urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-partial-lock:DRAFT-09
>     urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-netconf-state:DRAFT-07
>     urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-with-defaults:DRAFT-02
> 
> Not only are the versions wrong, the names are wrong too.

I still can't find the YANG data model in
draft-ietf-netconf-with-defaults-02.txt. and the module name in
draft-ietf-netconf-partial-lock-09.txt is ietf-netconf-partial-lock;
so yes, your names are wrong.

> So the process almost works:
> 
>  1) publish draft -00; get IANA assignment
>  2) publish DRAFT-nn versions
>  3) publish the 1st RFC version
>  4) publish RFC-bis draft -00 version
>     oops: the DRAFT-00 URI was used already way back in step 1

I think this is not what was discussed in Stockholm.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
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From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sun Aug  2 14:33:47 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 02, 2009 at 08:35:15PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> So, when the -00 I-D is published, the main part
>> of the URI is requested from IANA.  The :DRAFT-XX
>> is added by the author without any IANA involvement.
> 
> No. The IANA assignment is made after IESG approval with a
> recommendation already in the ID with an added :DRAFT-xx to mark it
> clearly as a non-official URI.
>  

Then I'm not clear on the value of the registry.
I would think it was important to choose unique URIs
from Day One.  I would think that any early implementations
using these URIs expect them to be unique.

So it is the author's responsibility to make sure nobody
ever starts working on module with the same name, during
the several years it may take to reach RFC publication?


>> The 3 I-D namespace URIs should be:
>>
>>     urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-partial-lock:DRAFT-09
>>     urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-netconf-state:DRAFT-07
>>     urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-with-defaults:DRAFT-02
>>
>> Not only are the versions wrong, the names are wrong too.
> 
> I still can't find the YANG data model in
> draft-ietf-netconf-with-defaults-02.txt. and the module name in
> draft-ietf-netconf-partial-lock-09.txt is ietf-netconf-partial-lock;
> so yes, your names are wrong.
> 


The module names for IETF modules are supposed
to start with "ietf-". The NETCONF WG already
agreed to this.  If the URI is supposed to
contain the module name, then it needs to match.

>> So the process almost works:
>>
>>  1) publish draft -00; get IANA assignment
>>  2) publish DRAFT-nn versions
>>  3) publish the 1st RFC version
>>  4) publish RFC-bis draft -00 version
>>     oops: the DRAFT-00 URI was used already way back in step 1
> 
> I think this is not what was discussed in Stockholm.
> 

How does one distinguish foo:DRAFT-00 done in one year
from another foo:DRAFT-00 several years later
when the WG is rechartered to update the original RFC?

I must have missed that part of the meeting.


> /js
> 

Andy

From balazs.lengyel@ericsson.com  Mon Aug  3 04:36:06 2009
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Hello,
In chapter 7.4.1 in the yang-07 draft, it is stated that type can be a sub-statement of type. 
What does type in type mean? Could you give me an example? Or is this a mistake?
Balazs

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug  3 04:58:01 2009
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On Mon, Aug 03, 2009 at 01:35:58PM +0200, Balazs Lengyel wrote:

> In chapter 7.4.1 in the yang-07 draft, it is stated that type can be
> a sub-statement of type.  What does type in type mean? Could you
> give me an example? Or is this a mistake?

I think this is a mistake in the table.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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----- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Thursday, July 30, 2009 9:48 PM
>
> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > Martin
> >
> > Some wordings that have bugged me for a while.
> >
> > 5.1 ..."by using the enterprise or organization name as a prefix."
> > Do you really mean prefix? only I think of prefix as shorthand and while
IBM,
> > Cisco or HP might qualify, other organization names would not.
>
> The text you quoted is preceeded by an "e.g." -- this is just a
> friendly suggestion.  If it is better, I can remove the quoted text.

I still wonder what you had in mind.  I would expect the enterprise or
organization name to be in the namespace URI, not in the prefix, and the rest of
the paragraph does seem to be about namespace names not prefix names.

On the other hand, unique and consistent prefix names would make a big
difference to the ease of use of yang, as I perceive it having done, totally
informally, for SMI.  So, at the risk of opening another XPath-like can of
worms, I wonder what support there would be for that eg require all non-RFC
prefix start with a character that flags them as enterprise defined.

> > 5.5 .."searches up the levels of hierarchy in the schema tree"
> > levels of hierarchy has a suggestion of all the nodes at a level whereas I
> > think
> > that this means search the path to the root.
>
> Me, Phil and Lada came up with this replacement text:
>
> OLD:
>
>    When a YANG implementation resolves a reference to an unprefixed type
>    or grouping, or one which uses the prefix of the local module, it
>    searches up the levels of hierarchy in the schema tree, starting at
>    the current level, for the definition of the type or grouping.
>
> NEW:
>
>    A reference to an unprefixed type or grouping, or one which uses the
>    prefix of the current module, is resolved by locating the closest
>    matching "typedef" or "grouping" statement among the immediate
>    substatments of each ancestor statement.

Ok (/statments/statements/)

> > 6 "   YANG modules are written in the UTF-8 [RFC3629] character set."
> >
> > UTF-8 is not a character set in the lexicons I use; character encoding,
> > transfer format, character syntax but not character set.
>
> NEW:
>
>    YANG modules use the UTF-8 [RFC3629] character encoding.

Yes

> > 6.1.3 "up to at most the column of the double quote character."
> > seems imprecise, leaving the option of everything up to or some way short of
or
> > whatever an implementation chooses
>
> How about this:
>
>   If the double quoted string contains a line break followed by space
>   or tab characters which is used to indent the text according to the
>   layout in the YANG file, this leading whitespace is stripped from
>   the string, up to the column of the double quote character, or to
>   the first non-whitespace character, whichever occurs first.

Yes ( /which is/which are/ )

> > 6.2.1 "All groupings defined within a parent node "
> > well no, grouping names, otherwise it sounds like the identifiers defined
> > within
> > the grouping.
>
> Fixed.
>
> > 7.1.3 "with the exception of data node identifiers defined inside a grouping
"
> > well, only when they are 'uses'd in another module; needs adding IMO
>
> It says See section 7.12 for details.  We have rewritten this section
> to:
>
>
> 7.12.  The uses Statement
>
>    The "uses" statement is used to reference a "grouping" definition.
>    It takes one argument, which is the name of the grouping.
>
>    The effect of a "uses" reference to a grouping is that the nodes
>    defined by the grouping are copied into the current schema tree, and
>    then updated according to the refinement and augment statements.
>
>    The identifiers defined in the grouping are not bound to a namespace
>    until the contents of the grouping are added to the schema tree via a
>    "uses" statement that does not appear inside a "grouping" statement,
>    a which point they are bound to the namespace of the current module.

Ok

> > 9.9.2 "Predicates are used only for constraining the values for the
> >    key nodes for list entries"
> > or leaflists?
>
> Fixed.
>
>
> /martin


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Balazs Lengyel píše v Po 03. 08. 2009 v 13:35 +0200:
> Hello,
> In chapter 7.4.1 in the yang-07 draft, it is stated that type can be a sub-statement of type. 
> What does type in type mean? Could you give me an example? Or is this a mistake?

It's used for the "union" type.

Lada

> Balazs
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
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On Tue, Aug 04, 2009 at 10:13:34PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Balazs Lengyel p????e v Po 03. 08. 2009 v 13:35 +0200:
> > Hello,
> > In chapter 7.4.1 in the yang-07 draft, it is stated that type can be a sub-statement of type. 
> > What does type in type mean? Could you give me an example? Or is this a mistake?
> 
> It's used for the "union" type.

Correct - I missed that one.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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----- Original Message -----
From: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
To: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Sunday, August 02, 2009 1:10 PM

> we should strictly distinguish between data node identifiers that live
> in a "target XML namespace" and become names of XML elements in instance
> documents, and names of "schema things" that essentialy belong to a YANG
> module - schema nodes, types, groupings, identities.

Disagree: there is something going on here, but I have yet to get my mind around
what it is.

Schema nodes include list, leaf-list, list etc and I think that their identifier
structure strictly parallels that of the data tree, the obvious qualification
being the use of keys to identify items in a list (OID fragment, if you know
SMI).

I think that 'XML namespace', although used in the I-D, is the wrong term.
Rather an identifier has local and global parts, and the global part is a URI
and must be unique, not just within YANG but within URI used as XML namespaces
etc.  But calling it an XML namespace, as the I-D does, seems
to add nothing of value; it isn't a namespace.

As the I-D says, there are multiple identifier namespaces, one per parent node,
and we have no separate identifier for each of those identifier namespaces; they
all come under the namespace URI, which is bound to the module with the
namespace statement, without differentiation.

And that is equally true for schema tree and data tree.

So the issue, which may now be resolved, is of what happens to identifiers
without the prefix which implies a global part, and when is that default or
explicit prefix turned into a global part.  I think the characterisation that a
prefix sometimes refers to a module, and sometimes to an XML namespace, is
wrong; for me, it always refers to a URI, a global part.

Early and late provision of the default prefix (not binding, to me that is of
prefix to URI), I am comfortable with.

Tom Petch

> Only the former - if they appear in a grouping and have no prefix - may
> be subject to the late namespace binding.
>
> It is IMO a bit unfortunate that these two namespaces are handled as
> one. At least we now don't use XPath for addressing schema nodes (in
> 'augment' and 'refine').
>
> The identityrefs are really very tricky and in XPath expressions they
> seem to be almost unusable since they appear as string literals. It is a
> technical problem although it wasn't introduced by the new text. IMO the
> only sensible way out may be a custom XPath function identityref()
> performing the type casting. I guess we are stretching poor XPath too
> far here.
>
> Lada
>
> Andy Bierman píše v So 01. 08. 2009 v 15:20 -0700:
> > Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > >> The prefixes are not special because they are in must/when
> > >> expressions.  These are NOT XML prefixes at all.  They
> > >> are within a YANG module, and they are using YANG prefixes,
> > >> not XML prefixes.
> > >
> > > No they *are* different in XPath than in ordinary YANG statements.  In
> > > XPath they are used to map to an XML namespace, in YANG statements
> > > they are used to map to a (specific version of a) YANG module.
> > >
> >
> > That seems irrelevant to me.
> >
> > > At this point I am not sure I understand your objection.  Do you think
> > > that there are technical problems with the solution?  If so, what are
> > > they?
> > >
> >
> >
> > must and when statements are not the only YANG constructs
> > that can be defined within a grouping that can have an implied prefix.
> >
> >
> > mod 1: prefix foo1;
> >
> >     grouping ggg {
> >        container test-top {
> >          leaf bar { type uint8; }
> >          leaf baz {
> >              must "../goo = 'my-identity' and . > 42";
> >              type MyType;
> >          }
> >          leaf goo {
> >             type identityref {
> >                base MyBase;
> >             }
> >             default my-identity;
> >          }
> >       }
> >    }
> >
> >
> > mod 2: prefix foo;
> >    container one {
> >         uses foo1:ggg;
> >     }
> > }
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > In this example, the must expression will reference
> > the foo:my-identity definition, but the default
> > references the foo1:my-identity.  This is not obvious at all.
> >
> > The type-stmt references the foo1:MyType typedef for leaf 'goo',
> > but in XPath the leaf 'goo' will use the other definition of MyType,
> > which is a boolean, not an int32.  This seems broken to me.
> >
> >
> > >
> > > /martin
> > >
> >
> > Andy
> --
> Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
> PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C
>
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
>


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug  5 09:50:54 2009
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tom.petch wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
> To: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Sunday, August 02, 2009 1:10 PM
> 
>> we should strictly distinguish between data node identifiers that live
>> in a "target XML namespace" and become names of XML elements in instance
>> documents, and names of "schema things" that essentialy belong to a YANG
>> module - schema nodes, types, groupings, identities.
> 
> Disagree: there is something going on here, but I have yet to get my mind around
> what it is.
> 
> Schema nodes include list, leaf-list, list etc and I think that their identifier
> structure strictly parallels that of the data tree, the obvious qualification
> being the use of keys to identify items in a list (OID fragment, if you know
> SMI).
> 
> I think that 'XML namespace', although used in the I-D, is the wrong term.
> Rather an identifier has local and global parts, and the global part is a URI
> and must be unique, not just within YANG but within URI used as XML namespaces
> etc.  But calling it an XML namespace, as the I-D does, seems
> to add nothing of value; it isn't a namespace.
> 
> As the I-D says, there are multiple identifier namespaces, one per parent node,
> and we have no separate identifier for each of those identifier namespaces; they
> all come under the namespace URI, which is bound to the module with the
> namespace statement, without differentiation.
> 
> And that is equally true for schema tree and data tree.
> 
> So the issue, which may now be resolved, is of what happens to identifiers
> without the prefix which implies a global part, and when is that default or
> explicit prefix turned into a global part.  I think the characterisation that a
> prefix sometimes refers to a module, and sometimes to an XML namespace, is
> wrong; for me, it always refers to a URI, a global part.
> 

nice summary

> Early and late provision of the default prefix (not binding, to me that is of
> prefix to URI), I am comfortable with.

I can live with it -- I just want it clear to users.

We have seen plenty of evidence that the 'distributed'
nature and sheer size of the NETCONF RFC has led to
lots of interoperability problems.

Nobody is going to guess that no-local-prefix means
different things for different statements, but only
in groupings.

Astonishment:fragility is 1:1.  We should know better by now.


> 
> Tom Petch
> 

Andy

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tom.petch wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
> To: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Sunday, August 02, 2009 1:10 PM
> 
>> we should strictly distinguish between data node identifiers that live
>> in a "target XML namespace" and become names of XML elements in instance
>> documents, and names of "schema things" that essentialy belong to a YANG
>> module - schema nodes, types, groupings, identities.
> 
> Disagree: there is something going on here, but I have yet to get my mind around
> what it is.
> 

the following YANG shows that this problem
is not related to the XML namespace in an XPath expression,
but also (at least) type names.

   grouping hhh {
       container test-top {

         typedef MyType { type int8; }

         leaf baz {
             type MyType;
         }
      }
   }



Andy

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug  7 17:56:42 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] prefixes in groupings example
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Andy Bierman wrote:
> tom.petch wrote:
>> ----- Original Message -----
>> From: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
>> To: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
>> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
>> Sent: Sunday, August 02, 2009 1:10 PM
>>
>>> we should strictly distinguish between data node identifiers that live
>>> in a "target XML namespace" and become names of XML elements in instance
>>> documents, and names of "schema things" that essentialy belong to a YANG
>>> module - schema nodes, types, groupings, identities.
>> Disagree: there is something going on here, but I have yet to get my mind around
>> what it is.
>>
> 
> the following YANG shows that this problem
> is not related to the XML namespace in an XPath expression,
> but also (at least) type names.
> 
>    grouping hhh {
>        container test-top {
> 
>          typedef MyType { type int8; }
> 
>          leaf baz {
>              type MyType;
>          }
>       }
>    }
> 


Here is the complete example to show that the proposed
solution does not work:


     grouping hhh {
        container test-top {

          typedef MyType {
             type identityref {
                base MyBase;
             }
             default my-identity;
          }

          leaf baz {
              type MyType;
          }
          leaf copy {
             type leafref {
                path ../baz;
             }
          }
       }
    }


Does the missing prefix refer to the local module or
to the grouping?  Sure looks like both to me.

It would be nice to resolve this important detail.


> 
> Andy


Andy

From phil@juniper.net  Sat Aug  8 07:50:14 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>1. Is this factory default configuration (part of) the 'initial default
>state' that RFC 4741 talks about?

No, I don't think so.  This is just a default config content that the
device will supply if you don't give one.

>2. Will the values set this way be returned in get-config having
>with-defaults=false?

No.  You are free to delete such "factory default" config.

>3. Is it possible that this factory default configuration sets some
>optional leafs to values that differ from the defaults specified in the
>data model? 

Sure, I could have a default syslog file called "messages" that has
a large value for "size" and "count" that are not the normal defaults.

Thanks,
 Phil

From muenz@net.in.tum.de  Sat Aug  8 15:44:50 2009
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From: Gerhard Muenz <muenz@net.in.tum.de>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] mandatory mess
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Hi,

Reading this e-mail thread, I see a similarity to various cases in the
IPFIX configuration data model where parameters (= leaf values) are
given by the device if the user does not configure them. The idea is the
following:
- These leaves always exist if the ancestor node exists.
  (opposed to leaves whose non-existence has a specific meaning)
- The user does not have to configure them.
- There is not default value specified in the module.
- The value given by the device does not always have to be the same for
all occurrences of the leaves. It is assigned dynamically when the
ancestor node is created.
In IPFIX, these parameters have been modeled as non-mandatory leaves
(i.e., without "mandatory true;"). The behavior cannot be formalized.
Therefore, the behavior is only specified in the description.

I think that the initial device configuration this discussion is about
is very similar: Parameters, which always exist (even if not yet
configured by the user), are set by the device at startup.

However, these parameters are not mandatory, because mandatory means
that the user has to provide them when he sends a complete configuration
(e.g., with copy-config).

I'm not sure if such parameters should be returned as response to
get-config having with-defaults=false. It would be logic not to return
them because the user has not set them. On the other hand, the
parameters are definitively part of the configuration datastore because
their values may be dynamically assigned when the ancestor node is
created or at startup (not using the same value all the time).

Coming back to the YANG guidelines, I think it makes sense to discourage
mandatory/min-element!=1 objects at the toplevel. What has been
discussed in this thread are parameters that always exist and that are
designed by the device unless the user changes them. However, they are
not mandatory in the common sense.

We had this discussion in Dublin. Having "mandatory true/false" is not
sufficient to cover this "third" type of parameter. There was a proposal
of "assigned-by system;" or the like, but it did not make it into YANG
1.0. Maybe, this problem can be solved in the next YANG version.

Regards,
Gerhard

Phil Shafer wrote:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>> 1. Is this factory default configuration (part of) the 'initial default
>> state' that RFC 4741 talks about?
> 
> No, I don't think so.  This is just a default config content that the
> device will supply if you don't give one.
> 
>> 2. Will the values set this way be returned in get-config having
>> with-defaults=false?
> 
> No.  You are free to delete such "factory default" config.
>
>> 3. Is it possible that this factory default configuration sets some
>> optional leafs to values that differ from the defaults specified in the
>> data model? 
> 
> Sure, I could have a default syslog file called "messages" that has
> a large value for "size" and "count" that are not the normal defaults.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil


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From phil@juniper.net  Sat Aug  8 21:24:11 2009
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To: Gerhard Muenz <muenz@net.in.tum.de>
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From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] mandatory mess
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Gerhard Muenz writes:
>In IPFIX, these parameters have been modeled as non-mandatory leaves
>(i.e., without "mandatory true;"). The behavior cannot be formalized.
>Therefore, the behavior is only specified in the description.

We have a proposal for "assigned-by system", but I'm not sure what
happened to it.  The statement was meant to indicate exactly the
scenario you are in, where the value is assigned by the system
(device) if no value is given.

We have one such scenario in JUNOS (where a "uid" is automatically
assigned if none is given).

But I don't see this as being involve with the default values
discussion, since defaults are meant to be invisible, where these
"assigned-by system" leafs are automatically created and always
appear there after.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sun Aug  9 08:59:08 2009
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Subject: [netmod] staying in synch on data model discovery
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Hi,

I would like to see the NETCONF and NETMOD WGs act more
like they play for the same team regarding YANG and all
the YANG data models under development.

I mostly care about the ietf-netconf-state data model to
use the get-schema() operation with YANG.  If others want
XSD and RNG instead, then that's extra credit, but full
support for YANG is a must-have.

YANG modules, submodules, and deviation modules all need
to be listed in the <schemas> and retrievable with <get-schema>.

However, deviations have no revision that is advertised,
yet they clearly have a revision-date just like any other
YANG module.  This is somewhere between confusing and broken.

The <version> field in the <get-schema> operation is mandatory.
It should be optional, and if missing, then the
agent will pick whatever revision it wants (usually
there will just be 1 to pick from).

The <format> field in the <get-schema> operation is mandatory.
It should be optional, and the default should be 'YANG'.

IMO, the use of capabilities instead of YANG features needs
to stop.  Even more, ALL the data models under way in the
NETCONF WG should wait for YANG, and use YANG features,
not protocol capabilities to achieve.  That will eliminate
the possibility that there can be 16 valid variants of
the same leaf,and will help start out with a coherent set of
YANG modules using the same data types (e.g., ip-address issue).

I think the <schema> node should have another leaf:

   leaf moduleType {
     description
        "The type of data model file for this schema entry.";
     type enumeration {
        enum module {
          description
            "Indicates this entry is for a main module.";
       }
       enum submodule {
          description
            "Indicates this entry is for a sub-module.";
       }
       enum deviation {
          description
            "Indicates this entry is for a deviation module.";
       }
       enum other {
          description
            "Indicates this entry is for some other type of module.";
       }
    }
 }


This will help operators understand what all the 'extra' entries are for,
and allow better filtering of the <schemas> subtree.



Andy



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On Sun, Aug 02, 2009 at 11:32:11PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> So it is the author's responsibility to make sure nobody
> ever starts working on module with the same name, during
> the several years it may take to reach RFC publication?

While name clashes are in principle possible, they are also pretty
unlikely to happen in practice.

> How does one distinguish foo:DRAFT-00 done in one year
> from another foo:DRAFT-00 several years later
> when the WG is rechartered to update the original RFC?
> 
> I must have missed that part of the meeting.

Good catch - we can use DRAFT-XXXXBIS-00 in that case, where XXXX is
the RFC number of the most recent published version of the module.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sun Aug  9 14:23:05 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 02, 2009 at 11:32:11PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> So it is the author's responsibility to make sure nobody
>> ever starts working on module with the same name, during
>> the several years it may take to reach RFC publication?
> 
> While name clashes are in principle possible, they are also pretty
> unlikely to happen in practice.
> 
>> How does one distinguish foo:DRAFT-00 done in one year
>> from another foo:DRAFT-00 several years later
>> when the WG is rechartered to update the original RFC?
>>
>> I must have missed that part of the meeting.
> 
> Good catch - we can use DRAFT-XXXXBIS-00 in that case, where XXXX is
> the RFC number of the most recent published version of the module.
> 

OK

just 1 more issue on this section, which is when the IANA
request is made.  It needs to be at the time of the -00 draft.
The foo.yang author has no way of knowing who else might
want to use foo.yang.  The only way to find out is to
search the published I-Ds, but by that time it is too late.

It is not the RFC Editor's responsibility to check for any
uniqueness except the draft name itself.  The 'thing' we use to
let the authors check on their own is an IANA registry.
Perhaps an on-line script will automate this function and
a simple database can be maintained somewhere in ietf.org
so the names and prefixes already in use can be viewed or searched.


> /js
> 

Andy

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On Sun, Aug 09, 2009 at 11:24:17PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> just 1 more issue on this section, which is when the IANA
> request is made.  It needs to be at the time of the -00 draft.
> The foo.yang author has no way of knowing who else might
> want to use foo.yang.  The only way to find out is to
> search the published I-Ds, but by that time it is too late.
> 
> It is not the RFC Editor's responsibility to check for any
> uniqueness except the draft name itself.  The 'thing' we use to
> let the authors check on their own is an IANA registry.

I doubt that IANA assignments for -00 IDs is going to be practical nor
to I believe the likelyhood of name clashes is high enough to waste
lots of bandwidth on this.  And even if a clash happens, then all this
only becomes an issue when someone implements and ships the clashing
IDs implemented on the same server and I assume this someone will
detect the problem and take proper action.

Perhaps the YANG usage draft needs a sentence that iterates "You
should not ship YANG models that have not been formerly published. If
you want to implement early (which is encouraged), rename the model so
that it falls under your enterprises namespace."

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Sun Aug  9 15:03:26 2009
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Subject: [netmod] date-and-time canonicalization (option #3)
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During the Stockholm IETF meeting, the canonicalization of
data-and-time was discussed. The current text says that NETCONF
server must return date-and-time values in UTC format. That is,
I can configure

    2009-08-09T23:08:00+02:00

and the server will return the configured time in UTC using the "Z"
format:

    2009-08-09T21:08:00Z

We discussed to what extend this behaviour is desirable and there was
rough consensus in the meeting room to stick to the current rules.

I can easily see that certain NETCONF users will be pretty surprised
by this behaviour (especially enterprises operating local networks in
just one time zone) while others will find it cool (operators of
networks spanning the globe). So I am wondering whether we can find a
solution that makes both "camps" happy. So far, we considered the
"always UTC" option and the "server remembers configured time offset"
options. Here is the "everything is relative to the servers notion of
its time zone offset" proposal:

  The canonical format for date-and-time values is the format with a
  numeric time zone offset that is calculated using the device's
  configured known offset to UTC time. A change of the device's offset
  to UTC time will cause date-and-time values to change accordingly.
  Such changes might happen periodically in case a server follows
  automatically daylight saving time (DST) time zone offset changes.

This is a departure from the XSD dateTime rules (XSD requires the "Z"
format) but this approach has the advantage that operators deploying
NETCONF servers can configure the time zone and thus decide themselves
whether they like all dates to be returned in UTC or in a local time
zone. As a side effect, a server returning

    2009-08-09T23:08:00+02:00

indicates that the server's time offset is +02:00 at the time when the
response was generated.

Comments?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Subject: Re: [netmod] yang usage: temporary URI issue
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 09, 2009 at 11:24:17PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> just 1 more issue on this section, which is when the IANA
>> request is made.  It needs to be at the time of the -00 draft.
>> The foo.yang author has no way of knowing who else might
>> want to use foo.yang.  The only way to find out is to
>> search the published I-Ds, but by that time it is too late.
>>
>> It is not the RFC Editor's responsibility to check for any
>> uniqueness except the draft name itself.  The 'thing' we use to
>> let the authors check on their own is an IANA registry.
> 
> I doubt that IANA assignments for -00 IDs is going to be practical nor
> to I believe the likelyhood of name clashes is high enough to waste
> lots of bandwidth on this.  And even if a clash happens, then all this
> only becomes an issue when someone implements and ships the clashing
> IDs implemented on the same server and I assume this someone will
> detect the problem and take proper action.
> 


Sometimes I-Ds in progress last for several years.
Sometimes the RFC never gets published.
The purpose of the registry is to help early implementors
maintain unique names.

If unique names in I-Ds is not a concern, then
we should just tell WGs to put whatever they want,
but IANA may change it in the end.  If another WG wants
a module with the same name, the first WG better hurry up
and publish their RFC before the other WG.  We don't need a lot
of CLRs for something that does not matter.

There is no point in a registry for reserving unique identifiers
that have been in use for several years already.  The 'DRAFT'
string in the URI SHOULD be used, to indicate the assignment is not
from IANA.

> Perhaps the YANG usage draft needs a sentence that iterates "You
> should not ship YANG models that have not been formerly published. If
> you want to implement early (which is encouraged), rename the model so
> that it falls under your enterprises namespace."

no -- this does not help early implementors at all,
especially if an I-D reaches a 'stable-snapshot' state.
(We haven't had one of those around here for awhile ;-)

We should leave the namespace empty if we want vendors to change it.
Otherwise they won't.

> 
> /js
> 

Andy

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Subject: Re: [netmod] yang usage: temporary URI issue
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Sun, Aug 09, 2009 at 11:24:17PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> just 1 more issue on this section, which is when the IANA
>> request is made.  It needs to be at the time of the -00 draft.
>> The foo.yang author has no way of knowing who else might
>> want to use foo.yang.  The only way to find out is to
>> search the published I-Ds, but by that time it is too late.
>>
>> It is not the RFC Editor's responsibility to check for any
>> uniqueness except the draft name itself.  The 'thing' we use to
>> let the authors check on their own is an IANA registry.
> 
> I doubt that IANA assignments for -00 IDs is going to be practical nor
> to I believe the likelyhood of name clashes is high enough to waste
> lots of bandwidth on this.  And even if a clash happens, then all this
> only becomes an issue when someone implements and ships the clashing
> IDs implemented on the same server and I assume this someone will
> detect the problem and take proper action.
> 

actually -- the module names are just as important wrt/ uniqueness
as the namespace URI -- maybe more because humans will start
remembering the module names.  The import-stmt expects the
module name to be unique.

But that is good -- if somebody sees a new I-D with ietf-foo.yang
in it, they will hopefully say something.  Otherwise, the module
name will get changed before RFC publication.


> Perhaps the YANG usage draft needs a sentence that iterates "You
> should not ship YANG models that have not been formerly published. If
> you want to implement early (which is encouraged), rename the model so
> that it falls under your enterprises namespace."
> 
> /js
> 

Andy

From mbj@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 10 03:34:54 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] prefixes in groupings example
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Here is the complete example to show that the proposed
> solution does not work:
> 
> 
>      grouping hhh {
>         container test-top {
> 
>           typedef MyType {
>              type identityref {
>                 base MyBase;
>              }
>              default my-identity;
>           }
> 
>           leaf baz {
>               type MyType;
>           }
>           leaf copy {
>              type leafref {
>                 path ../baz;
>              }
>           }
>        }
>     }
> 
> 
> Does the missing prefix refer to the local module or
> to the grouping?  Sure looks like both to me.

I think you are mixing two issues here.

The first is when unprefixed identifiers are resolved.  The current
proposal addresses this.

The second issue is how default values can be specified when the
lexicographical representation of the value contains XML prefixes (and
thus depends on the XML context).  This applies to instance-identifier
and identityref.  This issue is not handled in the draft.  We have three
options:  

  1.  do not allow default values for these types
  2.  allow default values but require prefixes
  3.  allow default values and make the prefixes optional

Suggested text for option 3 to go into 9.10.3:

  When an identityref is given a default value using the "default"
  statement, the default value MAY have a prefix.  If a prefix is
  present on the identity name, it refers to an identity defined in
  the module which was imported with that prefix.  Otherwise an
  identity with the matching name MUST be defined in the current
  module or an included submodule.



/martin

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"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, July 30, 2009 9:48 PM
> >
> > "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > > Martin
> > >
> > > Some wordings that have bugged me for a while.
> > >
> > > 5.1 ..."by using the enterprise or organization name as a prefix."
> > > Do you really mean prefix? only I think of prefix as shorthand and while
> IBM,
> > > Cisco or HP might qualify, other organization names would not.
> >
> > The text you quoted is preceeded by an "e.g." -- this is just a
> > friendly suggestion.  If it is better, I can remove the quoted text.
> 
> I still wonder what you had in mind.

Actually, this text was written by Juergen for SMIng (see section 2 of
rfc 3780).

> I would expect the enterprise or
> organization name to be in the namespace URI, not in the prefix, and the rest
> of
> the paragraph does seem to be about namespace names not prefix
> names.

Hmm.  Is it the term "prefix" that is unfortunate?  The idea was that
if the acme company writes a bgp module, it could be called ACME-BGP.
I.e. the company name is used as a prefix in the module name.


I have fixed the rest of your comments.


/martin



> On the other hand, unique and consistent prefix names would make a big
> difference to the ease of use of yang, as I perceive it having done, totally
> informally, for SMI.  So, at the risk of opening another XPath-like can of
> worms, I wonder what support there would be for that eg require all non-RFC
> prefix start with a character that flags them as enterprise defined.
> 
> > > 5.5 .."searches up the levels of hierarchy in the schema tree"
> > > levels of hierarchy has a suggestion of all the nodes at a level whereas I
> > > think
> > > that this means search the path to the root.
> >
> > Me, Phil and Lada came up with this replacement text:
> >
> > OLD:
> >
> >    When a YANG implementation resolves a reference to an unprefixed type
> >    or grouping, or one which uses the prefix of the local module, it
> >    searches up the levels of hierarchy in the schema tree, starting at
> >    the current level, for the definition of the type or grouping.
> >
> > NEW:
> >
> >    A reference to an unprefixed type or grouping, or one which uses the
> >    prefix of the current module, is resolved by locating the closest
> >    matching "typedef" or "grouping" statement among the immediate
> >    substatments of each ancestor statement.
> 
> Ok (/statments/statements/)
> 
> > > 6 "   YANG modules are written in the UTF-8 [RFC3629] character set."
> > >
> > > UTF-8 is not a character set in the lexicons I use; character encoding,
> > > transfer format, character syntax but not character set.
> >
> > NEW:
> >
> >    YANG modules use the UTF-8 [RFC3629] character encoding.
> 
> Yes
> 
> > > 6.1.3 "up to at most the column of the double quote character."
> > > seems imprecise, leaving the option of everything up to or some way short
> > > of
> or
> > > whatever an implementation chooses
> >
> > How about this:
> >
> >   If the double quoted string contains a line break followed by space
> >   or tab characters which is used to indent the text according to the
> >   layout in the YANG file, this leading whitespace is stripped from
> >   the string, up to the column of the double quote character, or to
> >   the first non-whitespace character, whichever occurs first.
> 
> Yes ( /which is/which are/ )
> 
> > > 6.2.1 "All groupings defined within a parent node "
> > > well no, grouping names, otherwise it sounds like the identifiers defined
> > > within
> > > the grouping.
> >
> > Fixed.
> >
> > > 7.1.3 "with the exception of data node identifiers defined inside a
> > > grouping
> "
> > > well, only when they are 'uses'd in another module; needs adding IMO
> >
> > It says See section 7.12 for details.  We have rewritten this section
> > to:
> >
> >
> > 7.12.  The uses Statement
> >
> >    The "uses" statement is used to reference a "grouping" definition.
> >    It takes one argument, which is the name of the grouping.
> >
> >    The effect of a "uses" reference to a grouping is that the nodes
> >    defined by the grouping are copied into the current schema tree, and
> >    then updated according to the refinement and augment statements.
> >
> >    The identifiers defined in the grouping are not bound to a namespace
> >    until the contents of the grouping are added to the schema tree via a
> >    "uses" statement that does not appear inside a "grouping" statement,
> >    a which point they are bound to the namespace of the current module.
> 
> Ok
> 
> > > 9.9.2 "Predicates are used only for constraining the values for the
> > >    key nodes for list entries"
> > > or leaflists?
> >
> > Fixed.
> >
> >
> > /martin
> 

From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 10 06:36:47 2009
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Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2009 09:23:54 -0400
From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] yang usage: temporary URI issue
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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>Good catch - we can use DRAFT-XXXXBIS-00 in that case, where XXXX is
>the RFC number of the most recent published version of the module.

I thought (but may be wrong) that URN space was hierarchically
managed.   So putting "DRAFT" in the middle allows that whole
subhierarchy to be labeled as swamp water.  Putting it at the
end means the drafts are polluting someone else's domain.

Thanks,
 Phil

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To: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2009 09:28:42 -0400
From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] date-and-time canonicalization (option #3)
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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>I can easily see that certain NETCONF users will be pretty surprised
>by this behaviour (especially enterprises operating local networks in
>just one time zone) while others will find it cool (operators of
>networks spanning the globe). So I am wondering whether we can find a
>solution that makes both "camps" happy.

Global operators (and many national multi-time-zone ones) don't
configure a time zone on the box, defaulting it to UTC.  So this
proposal (follow the configured time zone) should make everyone
happy.

Thanks,
 Phil

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To: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
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Date: Mon, 10 Aug 2009 09:32:19 -0400
From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] yang usage: temporary URI issue
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Andy Bierman writes:
>actually -- the module names are just as important wrt/ uniqueness
>as the namespace URI -- maybe more because humans will start
>remembering the module names.  The import-stmt expects the
>module name to be unique.

I don't think yang requires unique module names, since independent
parties may each decide to name their module "fred" or "cool" or
"cooler-still".  Yang suggests (SHOULD) but without a responsible
naming scheme, you can't depend on it.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Mon Aug 10 08:35:33 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] yang usage: temporary URI issue
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> actually -- the module names are just as important wrt/ uniqueness
>> as the namespace URI -- maybe more because humans will start
>> remembering the module names.  The import-stmt expects the
>> module name to be unique.
> 
> I don't think yang requires unique module names, since independent
> parties may each decide to name their module "fred" or "cool" or
> "cooler-still".  Yang suggests (SHOULD) but without a responsible
> naming scheme, you can't depend on it.
> 

I disagree.
This needs to be clarified in the YANG spec.

module A {
  ...
  import X { prefix x; revision 2009-01-01; }
  ...
}


module B {
  ...
  import X { prefix x; revision 2009-01-01; }
  ...
}

The same module X MUST be used, at least on the same agent.
The import-stmt and include-stmt do not have any way of
differentiating modules with the same name.

> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 10 09:57:57 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>This needs to be clarified in the YANG spec.

7.1. The module Statement
   ...
   Private module names are assigned by the organization owning the
   module without a central registry.  It is RECOMMENDED to choose
   module names that will have a low probability of colliding with
   standard or other enterprise modules and submodules, e.g., by using
   the enterprise or organization name as a prefix.

The namespace is the unique key, not the module name.  Module names
are like file names: try to be unique, use directories to keep them
separate.

Thanks,
 Phil

From cfinss@dial.pipex.com  Mon Aug 10 10:24:43 2009
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, August 10, 2009 12:40 PM

> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> > To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
> > Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Thursday, July 30, 2009 9:48 PM
> > >
> > > "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > > > Martin
> > > >
> > > > Some wordings that have bugged me for a while.
> > > >
> > > > 5.1 ..."by using the enterprise or organization name as a prefix."
> > > > Do you really mean prefix? only I think of prefix as shorthand and while
> > IBM,
> > > > Cisco or HP might qualify, other organization names would not.
> > >
> > > The text you quoted is preceeded by an "e.g." -- this is just a
> > > friendly suggestion.  If it is better, I can remove the quoted text.
> >
> > I still wonder what you had in mind.
>
> Actually, this text was written by Juergen for SMIng (see section 2 of
> rfc 3780).
>
> > I would expect the enterprise or
> > organization name to be in the namespace URI, not in the prefix, and the
rest
> > of
> > the paragraph does seem to be about namespace names not prefix
> > names.
>
> Hmm.  Is it the term "prefix" that is unfortunate?  The idea was that
> if the acme company writes a bgp module, it could be called ACME-BGP.
> I.e. the company name is used as a prefix in the module name.

Ah, now I am with you.  I was reading prefix as in bgp:ipAddress not in the more
generic sense.

Perhaps expand the sentence to
"e.g., by using the enterprise or organization name as a prefix for the module
name."
lest anyone else make the same mistake as I.

Tom Petch

>
> I have fixed the rest of your comments.
>
>
> /martin
>
>
<snip>


From mbj@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 10 13:05:09 2009
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"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Monday, August 10, 2009 12:40 PM
> 
> > "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > > ----- Original Message -----
> > > From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> > > To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
> > > Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> > > Sent: Thursday, July 30, 2009 9:48 PM
> > > >
> > > > "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > > > > Martin
> > > > >
> > > > > Some wordings that have bugged me for a while.
> > > > >
> > > > > 5.1 ..."by using the enterprise or organization name as a prefix."
> > > > > Do you really mean prefix? only I think of prefix as shorthand and
> > > > > while
> > > IBM,
> > > > > Cisco or HP might qualify, other organization names would not.
> > > >
> > > > The text you quoted is preceeded by an "e.g." -- this is just a
> > > > friendly suggestion.  If it is better, I can remove the quoted text.
> > >
> > > I still wonder what you had in mind.
> >
> > Actually, this text was written by Juergen for SMIng (see section 2 of
> > rfc 3780).
> >
> > > I would expect the enterprise or
> > > organization name to be in the namespace URI, not in the prefix, and the
> rest
> > > of
> > > the paragraph does seem to be about namespace names not prefix
> > > names.
> >
> > Hmm.  Is it the term "prefix" that is unfortunate?  The idea was that
> > if the acme company writes a bgp module, it could be called ACME-BGP.
> > I.e. the company name is used as a prefix in the module name.
> 
> Ah, now I am with you.  I was reading prefix as in bgp:ipAddress not in the
> more
> generic sense.
> 
> Perhaps expand the sentence to
> "e.g., by using the enterprise or organization name as a prefix for the module
> name."
> lest anyone else make the same mistake as I.

Fixed.


/martin

From randy_presuhn@mindspring.com  Mon Aug 10 13:09:45 2009
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Hi -

> From: "Juergen Schoenwaelder" <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
> To: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Sunday, August 09, 2009 3:03 PM
> Subject: [netmod] date-and-time canonicalization (option #3)
...
>   The canonical format for date-and-time values is the format with a
>   numeric time zone offset that is calculated using the device's
>   configured known offset to UTC time. A change of the device's offset
>   to UTC time will cause date-and-time values to change accordingly.
>   Such changes might happen periodically in case a server follows
>   automatically daylight saving time (DST) time zone offset changes.
> 
> This is a departure from the XSD dateTime rules (XSD requires the "Z"
> format) but this approach has the advantage that operators deploying
> NETCONF servers can configure the time zone and thus decide themselves
> whether they like all dates to be returned in UTC or in a local time
> zone. As a side effect, a server returning
> 
>     2009-08-09T23:08:00+02:00
> 
> indicates that the server's time offset is +02:00 at the time when the
> response was generated.
> 
> Comments?
...

For some use cases this would be desirable, for others not.  Sometimes
a time or schedule really needs to be in terms of local clock time.  On the
one side, consider intrusion detection sensors that need to be in harmony
with an office's local hours of operation.   On the other side, consider backup
runs scheduled to avoid overtaxing an enterprise's global network.  The former
absolutely needs to take local daylight savings time changes into account.
The latter probably should not.

There really is a semantic difference between "schedule according to local
clock time" and "schedule for purposes of global coordination".  A model
that loses that semantic will shortchange one or the other.

I *do* think this issue can be separated from that of canonicalization.  After all,
it's really a matter of the semantics of the bit of configuration data.  If the goal is
to handle both semantics in a single data type, then this bit needs to show up
in the representation.  If we decide that the difference in semantics merits having
two distinct types (which happen to look very much alike), then there's no need
for in in the representation.

Randy


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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Here is the complete example to show that the proposed
>> solution does not work:
>>
>>
>>      grouping hhh {
>>         container test-top {
>>
>>           typedef MyType {
>>              type identityref {
>>                 base MyBase;
>>              }
>>              default my-identity;
>>           }
>>
>>           leaf baz {
>>               type MyType;
>>           }
>>           leaf copy {
>>              type leafref {
>>                 path ../baz;
>>              }
>>           }
>>        }
>>     }
>>
>>
>> Does the missing prefix refer to the local module or
>> to the grouping?  Sure looks like both to me.
> 
> I think you are mixing two issues here.
> 
> The first is when unprefixed identifiers are resolved.  The current
> proposal addresses this.
> 

IMO, not very well.
It is also really confusing for YANG language users,
which is kind of important.


> The second issue is how default values can be specified when the
> lexicographical representation of the value contains XML prefixes (and
> thus depends on the XML context).  This applies to instance-identifier
> and identityref.  This issue is not handled in the draft.  We have three
> options:  
> 

We seem to disagree on this seemingly unimportant point.

YANG module definition files (i.e., written in YANG)
do not contain any XML prefixes -- only YANG prefixes,
as identified by a [module-name] key or [module-name, revision-date]
key.

Within a NETCONF PDU, XML prefixes are bound to module namespace URI
strings.

There does not have to be a 1:1 correspondence between the
module selected in XML and that selected in YANG.  As Phil
pointed out, unique module names are optional.  The use of
a revision in each module is even optional.

Maybe YANG is too complicated.
Are we building something like an experimental jet to break the
sound barrier or a standard commuter plane any pilot can
fly easily and safely?  Neither?  Both?

I've seen the X-1, and it had so many unlabeled and strange knobs,
I doubt anybody but Chuck Yeager could operate it.
I hope YANG doesn't turn out the same way.  I suspect
it is already too late for that.


>   1.  do not allow default values for these types
>   2.  allow default values but require prefixes
>   3.  allow default values and make the prefixes optional
> 
> Suggested text for option 3 to go into 9.10.3:
> 
>   When an identityref is given a default value using the "default"
>   statement, the default value MAY have a prefix.  If a prefix is
>   present on the identity name, it refers to an identity defined in
>   the module which was imported with that prefix.  Otherwise an
>   identity with the matching name MUST be defined in the current
>   module or an included submodule.
> 
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > The second issue is how default values can be specified when the
> > lexicographical representation of the value contains XML prefixes (and
> > thus depends on the XML context).  This applies to instance-identifier
> > and identityref.  This issue is not handled in the draft.  We have three
> > options:  
> > 
> 
> We seem to disagree on this seemingly unimportant point.

Hmm.  I have not seen a proposal from you for how to handle
identityref default values.  I apologize if I missed it; if I did
could you point me to it?  In either case, could you comment on my
proposed text?

> Maybe YANG is too complicated.
> Are we building something like an experimental jet to break the
> sound barrier or a standard commuter plane any pilot can
> fly easily and safely?  Neither?  Both?

FWIW, regarding the first issue, "late binding" in xpath expressions,
one of our customers who is modelling their entire product in YANG ran
into this problem - they need to be able to reference things where the
grouping is used.  It is just one data point of course, but it
indicates that some early users are in fact using also the features we
believe are "advanced".


/martin

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Subject: Re: [netmod] prefixes in groupings example
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> The second issue is how default values can be specified when the
>>> lexicographical representation of the value contains XML prefixes (and
>>> thus depends on the XML context).  This applies to instance-identifier
>>> and identityref.  This issue is not handled in the draft.  We have three
>>> options:  
>>>
>> We seem to disagree on this seemingly unimportant point.
> 
> Hmm.  I have not seen a proposal from you for how to handle
> identityref default values.  I apologize if I missed it; if I did
> could you point me to it?  In either case, could you comment on my
> proposed text?
> 

I'm still trying to figure out how the type-name prefix
thing works.

If I have a local type like in my example:

module foo {
  grouping ggg {
    container top-level {
      typedef MyType { ... }
      leaf X { type MyType; }
    }
  }
}


According to your rule, leaf X will have type foo:MyType.
It is bound to the 'foo' namespace because it is a type,
not an XPath expression.

module goo {

   import foo { prefix foo; }
   uses foo:ggg;
}

Now, even though there is a typedef called MyType in
module goo, it is goo:MyType, and not a match.
The YANG compiler is forced to call this an error,
even though the intent was to use the MyType in the
grouping, not the one tied to the foo namespace.



>> Maybe YANG is too complicated.
>> Are we building something like an experimental jet to break the
>> sound barrier or a standard commuter plane any pilot can
>> fly easily and safely?  Neither?  Both?
> 
> FWIW, regarding the first issue, "late binding" in xpath expressions,
> one of our customers who is modelling their entire product in YANG ran
> into this problem - they need to be able to reference things where the
> grouping is used.  It is just one data point of course, but it
> indicates that some early users are in fact using also the features we
> believe are "advanced".
> 

The issue is localized cost -- how to support advanced
features without making everything too complicated.
Maybe it is not possible in this case.  The more we think about
groupings, the more we find there is to know.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> I'm still trying to figure out how the type-name prefix
> thing works.
> 
> If I have a local type like in my example:
> 
> module foo {
>   grouping ggg {
>     container top-level {
>       typedef MyType { ... }
>       leaf X { type MyType; }
>     }
>   }
> }
> 
> 
> According to your rule, leaf X will have type foo:MyType.
> It is bound to the 'foo' namespace because it is a type,
> not an XPath expression.

Yes.

> module goo {
> 
>    import foo { prefix foo; }
>    uses foo:ggg;
> }
> 
> Now, even though there is a typedef called MyType in
> module goo, it is goo:MyType, and not a match.
> The YANG compiler is forced to call this an error,
> even though the intent was to use the MyType in the
> grouping, not the one tied to the foo namespace.

No, with the module foo above, this is not an error.  Why would it be
an error?  leaf X in the grouping has a type, and it is the same type
in all modules where 'ggg' is used.  This works as before.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> I'm still trying to figure out how the type-name prefix
>> thing works.
>>
>> If I have a local type like in my example:
>>
>> module foo {
>>   grouping ggg {
>>     container top-level {
>>       typedef MyType { ... }
>>       leaf X { type MyType; }
>>     }
>>   }
>> }
>>
>>
>> According to your rule, leaf X will have type foo:MyType.
>> It is bound to the 'foo' namespace because it is a type,
>> not an XPath expression.
> 
> Yes.
> 
>> module goo {
>>
>>    import foo { prefix foo; }
>>    uses foo:ggg;
>> }
>>
>> Now, even though there is a typedef called MyType in
>> module goo, it is goo:MyType, and not a match.
>> The YANG compiler is forced to call this an error,
>> even though the intent was to use the MyType in the
>> grouping, not the one tied to the foo namespace.
> 
> No, with the module foo above, this is not an error.  Why would it be
> an error?  leaf X in the grouping has a type, and it is the same type
> in all modules where 'ggg' is used.  This works as before.
> 
> 

it works because we do a late binding on the type name prefix,
not an early binding as your rule specifies.

There is no foo:MyType.
If the prefix 'foo' was present, then foo:MyType should
not resolve in module goo.

Local typedefs are special, because they cannot mask a
global type (a global foo:MyType would be OK, except that the
grouping ggg could be used anywhere but module foo).

I think the rule you are proposing is in the right direction,
but I do not agree that this problem is specific to XPath or
XML prefixes.

It seems to me that all explicit prefixes are
early binding and all missing prefixes are late-binding.
This works whether the definition is in a grouping or not
(same module: early vs. late produces the same result).

If this is the case, then why can't the rule be stated that way?


> /martin
> 

Andy


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> I'm still trying to figure out how the type-name prefix
> >> thing works.
> >>
> >> If I have a local type like in my example:
> >>
> >> module foo {
> >>   grouping ggg {
> >>     container top-level {
> >>       typedef MyType { ... }
> >>       leaf X { type MyType; }
> >>     }
> >>   }
> >> }
> >>
> >>
> >> According to your rule, leaf X will have type foo:MyType.
> >> It is bound to the 'foo' namespace because it is a type,
> >> not an XPath expression.
> > 
> > Yes.
> > 
> >> module goo {
> >>
> >>    import foo { prefix foo; }
> >>    uses foo:ggg;
> >> }
> >>
> >> Now, even though there is a typedef called MyType in
> >> module goo, it is goo:MyType, and not a match.
> >> The YANG compiler is forced to call this an error,
> >> even though the intent was to use the MyType in the
> >> grouping, not the one tied to the foo namespace.
> > 
> > No, with the module foo above, this is not an error.  Why would it be
> > an error?  leaf X in the grouping has a type, and it is the same type
> > in all modules where 'ggg' is used.  This works as before.
> > 
> > 
> 
> it works because we do a late binding on the type name prefix,
> not an early binding as your rule specifies.

This is getting confusing.  Can we agree that there is no late binding
for types in the current draft 07?  From section 5.4:

   Grouping, type, and identity names are resolved in the context in
   which they are defined, rather than the context in which they are
   used.  Users of groupings, typedefs, and identities are not required
   to import modules or include submodules to satisfy all references
   made by the original definition.  This behaves like static scoping in
   a conventional programming language.

Our proposal is to introduce "late binding" for references in XPath
expressions.  The current rule for type identifiers are the same as
before.

> I think the rule you are proposing is in the right direction,
> but I do not agree that this problem is specific to XPath or
> XML prefixes.

Ok, so it seems we agree so far, but in addition to what we propose,
you also want to change the current rule for type/grouping/... to also
use late binding.

> It seems to me that all explicit prefixes are
> early binding and all missing prefixes are late-binding.
> This works whether the definition is in a grouping or not
> (same module: early vs. late produces the same result).

I prefer to keep the type/grouping rule the way it is, and not do late
binding in this case.  Consider this case:

  module foo { 
    
    typedef my-type { type int32; }

    grouping foo {
      leaf x { type my-type; }
    }
  }

  module goo {

    import foo { prefix foo; }

    typedef my-type { type string; }
    
    uses foo:foo;
  }

Now, with your rule, goo:x is of type string.  I think this is
confusing.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> I'm still trying to figure out how the type-name prefix
>>>> thing works.
>>>>
>>>> If I have a local type like in my example:
>>>>
>>>> module foo {
>>>>   grouping ggg {
>>>>     container top-level {
>>>>       typedef MyType { ... }
>>>>       leaf X { type MyType; }
>>>>     }
>>>>   }
>>>> }
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> According to your rule, leaf X will have type foo:MyType.
>>>> It is bound to the 'foo' namespace because it is a type,
>>>> not an XPath expression.
>>> Yes.
>>>
>>>> module goo {
>>>>
>>>>    import foo { prefix foo; }
>>>>    uses foo:ggg;
>>>> }
>>>>
>>>> Now, even though there is a typedef called MyType in
>>>> module goo, it is goo:MyType, and not a match.
>>>> The YANG compiler is forced to call this an error,
>>>> even though the intent was to use the MyType in the
>>>> grouping, not the one tied to the foo namespace.
>>> No, with the module foo above, this is not an error.  Why would it be
>>> an error?  leaf X in the grouping has a type, and it is the same type
>>> in all modules where 'ggg' is used.  This works as before.
>>>
>>>
>> it works because we do a late binding on the type name prefix,
>> not an early binding as your rule specifies.
> 
> This is getting confusing.  Can we agree that there is no late binding
> for types in the current draft 07?  From section 5.4:
> 
>    Grouping, type, and identity names are resolved in the context in
>    which they are defined, rather than the context in which they are
>    used.  Users of groupings, typedefs, and identities are not required
>    to import modules or include submodules to satisfy all references
>    made by the original definition.  This behaves like static scoping in
>    a conventional programming language.
> 
> Our proposal is to introduce "late binding" for references in XPath
> expressions.  The current rule for type identifiers are the same as
> before.
> 
>> I think the rule you are proposing is in the right direction,
>> but I do not agree that this problem is specific to XPath or
>> XML prefixes.
> 
> Ok, so it seems we agree so far, but in addition to what we propose,
> you also want to change the current rule for type/grouping/... to also
> use late binding.
> 
>> It seems to me that all explicit prefixes are
>> early binding and all missing prefixes are late-binding.
>> This works whether the definition is in a grouping or not
>> (same module: early vs. late produces the same result).
> 
> I prefer to keep the type/grouping rule the way it is, and not do late
> binding in this case.  Consider this case:
> 
>   module foo { 
>     
>     typedef my-type { type int32; }
> 
>     grouping foo {
>       leaf x { type my-type; }
>     }
>   }
> 


Add this grouping:

    grouping foobar {
      container fubar {
        typedef my-type { type boolean; }
        leaf y { type my-type; }
      }
   }

So you are saying this is the same as:

    grouping foobar {

   }

This is not illegal (yet) since there needs to be a uses-stmt
to determine if my-type is a conflict.



>   module goo {
> 
>     import foo { prefix foo; }
> 
>     typedef my-type { type string; }
>     
>     uses foo:foo;
>   }
> 
> Now, with your rule, goo:x is of type string.  I think this is
> confusing.


Either way it is confusing.
Your rule does not work for local typedefs:

  module foo {

    grouping foo {
      container fubar {
        typedef my-type { type boolean; }
        leaf y { type my-type; }
      }
    }
  }

  module goo {

    import foo { prefix foo; }

    uses foo:foo;
  }

This is the normal use-case for local typedefs,
not an obscure corner-case.

By your rule, leaf goo:y has type foo:my-type.
There is no foo:my-type.  There is only
a local typedef for my-type within container goo:fubar.

But you say this works by your early-binding rule.
I still don't get it.  Sorry.


> 
> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From mbj@tail-f.com  Tue Aug 11 06:07:41 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> >>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >>>> I'm still trying to figure out how the type-name prefix
> >>>> thing works.
> >>>>
> >>>> If I have a local type like in my example:
> >>>>
> >>>> module foo {
> >>>>   grouping ggg {
> >>>>     container top-level {
> >>>>       typedef MyType { ... }
> >>>>       leaf X { type MyType; }
> >>>>     }
> >>>>   }
> >>>> }
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> According to your rule, leaf X will have type foo:MyType.
> >>>> It is bound to the 'foo' namespace because it is a type,
> >>>> not an XPath expression.
> >>> Yes.
> >>>
> >>>> module goo {
> >>>>
> >>>>    import foo { prefix foo; }
> >>>>    uses foo:ggg;
> >>>> }
> >>>>
> >>>> Now, even though there is a typedef called MyType in
> >>>> module goo, it is goo:MyType, and not a match.
> >>>> The YANG compiler is forced to call this an error,
> >>>> even though the intent was to use the MyType in the
> >>>> grouping, not the one tied to the foo namespace.
> >>> No, with the module foo above, this is not an error.  Why would it be
> >>> an error?  leaf X in the grouping has a type, and it is the same type
> >>> in all modules where 'ggg' is used.  This works as before.
> >>>
> >>>
> >> it works because we do a late binding on the type name prefix,
> >> not an early binding as your rule specifies.
> > 
> > This is getting confusing.  Can we agree that there is no late binding
> > for types in the current draft 07?  From section 5.4:
> > 
> >    Grouping, type, and identity names are resolved in the context in
> >    which they are defined, rather than the context in which they are
> >    used.  Users of groupings, typedefs, and identities are not required
> >    to import modules or include submodules to satisfy all references
> >    made by the original definition.  This behaves like static scoping in
> >    a conventional programming language.
> > 
> > Our proposal is to introduce "late binding" for references in XPath
> > expressions.  The current rule for type identifiers are the same as
> > before.
> > 
> >> I think the rule you are proposing is in the right direction,
> >> but I do not agree that this problem is specific to XPath or
> >> XML prefixes.
> > 
> > Ok, so it seems we agree so far, but in addition to what we propose,
> > you also want to change the current rule for type/grouping/... to also
> > use late binding.
> > 
> >> It seems to me that all explicit prefixes are
> >> early binding and all missing prefixes are late-binding.
> >> This works whether the definition is in a grouping or not
> >> (same module: early vs. late produces the same result).
> > 
> > I prefer to keep the type/grouping rule the way it is, and not do late
> > binding in this case.  Consider this case:
> > 
> >   module foo { 
> >     
> >     typedef my-type { type int32; }
> > 
> >     grouping foo {
> >       leaf x { type my-type; }
> >     }
> >   }
> > 
> 
> 
> Add this grouping:
> 
>     grouping foobar {
>       container fubar {
>         typedef my-type { type boolean; }
>         leaf y { type my-type; }
>       }
>    }

This defines a grouping foobar with one container fubar with one leaf
y which is a boolean.


> So you are saying this is the same as:
> 
>     grouping foobar {
> 
>    }

This defines an empty grouping.  They are not the same.


> This is not illegal (yet) since there needs to be a uses-stmt
> to determine if my-type is a conflict.
> 
> 
> 
> >   module goo {
> > 
> >     import foo { prefix foo; }
> > 
> >     typedef my-type { type string; }
> >     
> >     uses foo:foo;
> >   }
> > 
> > Now, with your rule, goo:x is of type string.  I think this is
> > confusing.
> 
> 
> Either way it is confusing.
> Your rule does not work for local typedefs:
> 
>   module foo {
> 
>     grouping foo {
>       container fubar {
>         typedef my-type { type boolean; }
>         leaf y { type my-type; }
>       }
>     }
>   }
> 
>   module goo {
> 
>     import foo { prefix foo; }
> 
>     uses foo:foo;
>   }
> 
> This is the normal use-case for local typedefs,
> not an obscure corner-case.

Agreed.

> By your rule, leaf goo:y has type foo:my-type.

No, by the rules of draft 07 (which I do not want to change), 'y' gets
its type when it is defined; it is a boolean.  No 'uses' can ever
change that.


/martin

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....
> 
>> So you are saying this is the same as:
>>
>>     grouping foobar {
>>
>>    }
> 
> This defines an empty grouping.  They are not the same.
> 

this was a cut instead of a copy.  sorry.


>> Either way it is confusing.
>> Your rule does not work for local typedefs:
>>
>>   module foo {
>>
>>     grouping foo {
>>       container fubar {
>>         typedef my-type { type boolean; }
>>         leaf y { type my-type; }
>>       }
>>     }
>>   }
>>
>>   module goo {
>>
>>     import foo { prefix foo; }
>>
>>     uses foo:foo;
>>   }
>>
>> This is the normal use-case for local typedefs,
>> not an obscure corner-case.
> 
> Agreed.
> 
>> By your rule, leaf goo:y has type foo:my-type.
> 
> No, by the rules of draft 07 (which I do not want to change), 'y' gets
> its type when it is defined; it is a boolean.  No 'uses' can ever
> change that.
> 

draft-07 is a large document.
Can you point out the exact test that says
leaf y is bound to the local typedef,
even in a grouping?  I agree this is the case,
because I don't want to change my code any more than you do.

The internal pointer to the correct typedef finds
the one inside the grouping.  That never changes,
no matter how many times the group is refined-and-cloned
into a uses-stmt.

   module foo {

      prefix foo;

      typedef my-type { type int8; }

      grouping XXX {
         container xxx {
             typedef my-type { type int16; }
             leaf a { type my-type; }
             leaf b { type foo:my-type; }
         }
     }
  }

yangdump will flag the local 'my-type' typedef as a 'shadow global
type' error, even without any uses-stmt.

But normally (without the global my-type) the xxx grouping would
work fine in another module, so my-type == foo:my-type
in another module.  So I guess you are right.
The local typedef gets bound to module
foo right away, even if it is in a grouping.

It seems weird that the namespace for the element changes
but not the data type of the element, for an external uses-stmt,
especially since local typedefs are not really exported like
real typedefs.

I am still confused whether or not the text in
the draft matches the behavior we supposedly agree is correct,
but I do not have any replacement text, so I will drop
any objection.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> draft-07 is a large document.
> Can you point out the exact test that says
> leaf y is bound to the local typedef,
> even in a grouping?  I agree this is the case,
> because I don't want to change my code any more than you do.

>From section 5.4:

   Grouping, type, and identity names are resolved in the context in
   which they are defined, rather than the context in which they are
   used.  Users of groupings, typedefs, and identities are not required
   to import modules or include submodules to satisfy all references
   made by the original definition.  This behaves like static scoping in
   a conventional programming language.



/martin

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Tue Aug 11 08:09:39 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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On Mon, Aug 10, 2009 at 06:42:02PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
> >This needs to be clarified in the YANG spec.
> 
> 7.1. The module Statement
>    ...
>    Private module names are assigned by the organization owning the
>    module without a central registry.  It is RECOMMENDED to choose
>    module names that will have a low probability of colliding with
>    standard or other enterprise modules and submodules, e.g., by using
>    the enterprise or organization name as a prefix.
> 
> The namespace is the unique key, not the module name.  Module names
> are like file names: try to be unique, use directories to keep them
> separate.

Then the language is broken. For me, the XML namespace is used on the
wire to identify elements in instance documents while the module name
is used to refer to YANG modules. We now use prefixed module names
like ietf-yang-types and we RECOMMEND that other organizations also
properly prefix module names. Of course, there is no guarantee of
clashes but the probability should be small and in cases there is a
clash, you need to resolve it somehow at module compile time by some
renaming exercise. Since on the wire XML namespaces are used that we
designed to be name clash free (nobody stops a poor implementor of
course to screw things up), I think we are fine.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 11 08:11:09 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] prefixes in groupings example
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Martin Bjorklund writes:
>Our proposal is to introduce "late binding" for references in XPath
>expressions.  The current rule for type identifiers are the same as
>before.

To be clear, this is not late binding for prefixes, only for
element names.

Thanks,
 Phil

From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Tue Aug 11 20:26:22 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] prefixes in groupings example
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Hi,
  
>  I'm still trying to figure out how the type-name prefix
>  thing works.
>  
>  If I have a local type like in my example:
>  
>  module foo {
>    grouping ggg {
>      container top-level {
>        typedef MyType { ... }
>        leaf X { type MyType; }
>      }
>    }
>  }
>  
>  
>  According to your rule, leaf X will have type foo:MyType.
>  It is bound to the 'foo' namespace because it is a type,
>  not an XPath expression.
>  
>  module goo {
>  
>     import foo { prefix foo; }
>     uses foo:ggg;
>  }
>  
>  Now, even though there is a typedef called MyType in
>  module goo, it is goo:MyType, and not a match.
>  The YANG compiler is forced to call this an error,
>  even though the intent was to use the MyType in the
>  grouping, not the one tied to the foo namespace.
>  

To my understanding, type identifier/XPath exprs/anything else with prefixes in groupings 
should be resolved in where it is defined not it is used.
Once resolved, the references should be kept unchanged
regardless of  "early binding" or "late binding".

In other words, That the references can not be determined until the
grouping is used makes no sense to me.

washam

From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 12 00:03:04 2009
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Hi Andy,

Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> I mostly care about the ietf-netconf-state data model to
> use the get-schema() operation with YANG.  If others want
> XSD and RNG instead, then that's extra credit, but full
> support for YANG is a must-have.

I agree.

> YANG modules, submodules, and deviation modules all need
> to be listed in the <schemas> and retrievable with <get-schema>.

Yes.  That is the intention of the current design.

> However, deviations have no revision that is advertised,
> yet they clearly have a revision-date just like any other
> YANG module.  This is somewhere between confusing and broken.

What makes you think that modules with deviation statements are not
advertised with their revision?

> The <version> field in the <get-schema> operation is mandatory.
> It should be optional, and if missing, then the
> agent will pick whatever revision it wants (usually
> there will just be 1 to pick from).
> 
> The <format> field in the <get-schema> operation is mandatory.
> It should be optional, and the default should be 'YANG'.

I agree that these two parameters should be made optional, but I think
that an error should be returned if there are multiple revisions
and/or formats.  In most cases there will be just one revision and one
format so that's the one that will be returned.

> IMO, the use of capabilities instead of YANG features needs
> to stop.

Agreed.  For the current drafts, I think this applies to partial-lock
which we don't want to change at this point, and with-defaults which I
believe Juergen commented on in some other thread.  I think the
monitoring draft is fine.

> I think the <schema> node should have another leaf:
> 
>    leaf moduleType {
>      description
>         "The type of data model file for this schema entry.";
>      type enumeration {
>         enum module {
>           description
>             "Indicates this entry is for a main module.";
>        }
>        enum submodule {
>           description
>             "Indicates this entry is for a sub-module.";
>        }
>        enum deviation {
>           description
>             "Indicates this entry is for a deviation module.";
>        }
>        enum other {
>           description
>             "Indicates this entry is for some other type of module.";
>        }
>     }
>  }

I don't think this is necessary, and in any case, there is no such
thing as a 'deviation' module.  In theory, any module / submodule can
have deviation statements.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Hi Andy,
> 
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> I mostly care about the ietf-netconf-state data model to
>> use the get-schema() operation with YANG.  If others want
>> XSD and RNG instead, then that's extra credit, but full
>> support for YANG is a must-have.
> 
> I agree.
> 
>> YANG modules, submodules, and deviation modules all need
>> to be listed in the <schemas> and retrievable with <get-schema>.
> 
> Yes.  That is the intention of the current design.
> 
>> However, deviations have no revision that is advertised,
>> yet they clearly have a revision-date just like any other
>> YANG module.  This is somewhere between confusing and broken.
> 
> What makes you think that modules with deviation statements are not
> advertised with their revision?

The module capability does not include a revision date
for the deviations that are attached to a particular module.
So if there is more than 1 version of a module advertised
as a deviation, it is not known by the manager which
version is being used as the deviation for 'foo'

  module=foo&revision=2009-01-01?deviations=bar,baz,baz2

So when I retrieve bar, baz, or baz2, I have no idea
what to put in the mandatory version field.  IMO -- kind of broken.


> 
>> The <version> field in the <get-schema> operation is mandatory.
>> It should be optional, and if missing, then the
>> agent will pick whatever revision it wants (usually
>> there will just be 1 to pick from).
>>
>> The <format> field in the <get-schema> operation is mandatory.
>> It should be optional, and the default should be 'YANG'.
> 
> I agree that these two parameters should be made optional, but I think
> that an error should be returned if there are multiple revisions
> and/or formats.  In most cases there will be just one revision and one
> format so that's the one that will be returned.
> 
>> IMO, the use of capabilities instead of YANG features needs
>> to stop.
> 
> Agreed.  For the current drafts, I think this applies to partial-lock
> which we don't want to change at this point, and with-defaults which I
> believe Juergen commented on in some other thread.  I think the
> monitoring draft is fine.
> 
>> I think the <schema> node should have another leaf:
>>
>>    leaf moduleType {
>>      description
>>         "The type of data model file for this schema entry.";
>>      type enumeration {
>>         enum module {
>>           description
>>             "Indicates this entry is for a main module.";
>>        }
>>        enum submodule {
>>           description
>>             "Indicates this entry is for a sub-module.";
>>        }
>>        enum deviation {
>>           description
>>             "Indicates this entry is for a deviation module.";
>>        }
>>        enum other {
>>           description
>>             "Indicates this entry is for some other type of module.";
>>        }
>>     }
>>  }

Got to love that augment-stmt.
Who cares about standards when you got namespaces! ;-)

> 
> I don't think this is necessary, and in any case, there is no such
> thing as a 'deviation' module.  In theory, any module / submodule can
> have deviation statements.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 


Andy


From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 12 02:23:12 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> However, deviations have no revision that is advertised,
> >> yet they clearly have a revision-date just like any other
> >> YANG module.  This is somewhere between confusing and broken.
> > 
> > What makes you think that modules with deviation statements are not
> > advertised with their revision?
> 
> The module capability does not include a revision date
> for the deviations that are attached to a particular module.

But you advertise your deviations module, and include the revision
there:

   urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2009-01-01?deviations=bar
   urn:bar?module=bar&revision=2009-04-01

So even if the bar module exists in multiple revisions (this would
happen if bar contains deviations AND reusable typedefs / groupings,
and some other modules import bar by different revision...), only one
is implemented by the device.  We do not support that you advertise
multiple versions of a module with data nodes and / or deviations.


/martin

From mehmet.ersue@nsn.com  Wed Aug 12 04:14:54 2009
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Hi Andy, Martin,

I think we should bring the discussion related to NETCONF Monitoring
draft to the NETCONF maillist.

Since we believed the monitoring draft was nearly final I would
appreciate if you guys post clear requests possibly with a text
proposal.=20
I think this will help the authors of the monitoring draft and the
NETCONF WG a lot.

One other question though as a contributor:

NETCONF WG developed "capabilities" and introduced several of them.
Is it your proposal they shouldn't be used?
I am wondering whether we need a WG decision or BCP-like statement
saying it shouldn't be used.
It would be interesting if you elaborate a bit why YANG features should
be used instead of NETCONF capabilities.
(I know some of the reasons but might be missing others. At the end we
need a record on the maillist if we want to push such a decision.)

Mehmet
=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: netmod-bounces@ietf.org=20
> [mailto:netmod-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of ext Martin Bjorklund
> Sent: Wednesday, August 12, 2009 9:01 AM
> To: andy@netconfcentral.com
> Cc: netmod@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [netmod] staying in synch on data model discovery
>=20
> Hi Andy,
>=20
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > I mostly care about the ietf-netconf-state data model to
> > use the get-schema() operation with YANG.  If others want
> > XSD and RNG instead, then that's extra credit, but full
> > support for YANG is a must-have.
>=20
> I agree.
>=20
> > YANG modules, submodules, and deviation modules all need
> > to be listed in the <schemas> and retrievable with <get-schema>.
>=20
> Yes.  That is the intention of the current design.
>=20
> > However, deviations have no revision that is advertised,
> > yet they clearly have a revision-date just like any other
> > YANG module.  This is somewhere between confusing and broken.
>=20
> What makes you think that modules with deviation statements are not
> advertised with their revision?
>=20
> > The <version> field in the <get-schema> operation is mandatory.
> > It should be optional, and if missing, then the
> > agent will pick whatever revision it wants (usually
> > there will just be 1 to pick from).
> >=20
> > The <format> field in the <get-schema> operation is mandatory.
> > It should be optional, and the default should be 'YANG'.
>=20
> I agree that these two parameters should be made optional, but I think
> that an error should be returned if there are multiple revisions
> and/or formats.  In most cases there will be just one revision and one
> format so that's the one that will be returned.
>=20
> > IMO, the use of capabilities instead of YANG features needs
> > to stop.
>=20
> Agreed.  For the current drafts, I think this applies to partial-lock
> which we don't want to change at this point, and with-defaults which I
> believe Juergen commented on in some other thread.  I think the
> monitoring draft is fine.
>=20
> > I think the <schema> node should have another leaf:
> >=20
> >    leaf moduleType {
> >      description
> >         "The type of data model file for this schema entry.";
> >      type enumeration {
> >         enum module {
> >           description
> >             "Indicates this entry is for a main module.";
> >        }
> >        enum submodule {
> >           description
> >             "Indicates this entry is for a sub-module.";
> >        }
> >        enum deviation {
> >           description
> >             "Indicates this entry is for a deviation module.";
> >        }
> >        enum other {
> >           description
> >             "Indicates this entry is for some other type of=20
> module.";
> >        }
> >     }
> >  }
>=20
> I don't think this is necessary, and in any case, there is no such
> thing as a 'deviation' module.  In theory, any module / submodule can
> have deviation statements.
>=20
>=20
> /martin
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
>=20

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Wed Aug 12 04:35:31 2009
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On Wed, Aug 12, 2009 at 12:17:07PM +0200, Ersue, Mehmet (NSN - DE/Munich) wrote:
 
> NETCONF WG developed "capabilities" and introduced several of them.
> Is it your proposal they shouldn't be used?  I am wondering whether
> we need a WG decision or BCP-like statement saying it shouldn't be
> used.  It would be interesting if you elaborate a bit why YANG
> features should be used instead of NETCONF capabilities.  (I know
> some of the reasons but might be missing others. At the end we need
> a record on the maillist if we want to push such a decision.)

I believe we did not communicate this well...

NETCONF provides a capability exchange mechanism which uses URIs to
identify capabilities. The NETCONF protocol defines some core
capability URIs but otherwise leaves the format of capability URIs
pretty much open. YANG uses the NETCONF capability exchange and
imposes a format on the URIs to communicate among other things data
model defined features. The common format of the URIs allows to write
generic code to analyse these URIs. So everything is actually pretty
fine in the sense that NETCONF provides a mechanism and YANG uses and
further restricts the mechanism in order to enhance interoperability.

All we want to achieve is to do away with handcrafted URI formats
(often miscommunicated as "avoid capabilities") and instead use the
YANG feature mechanisms. The existing NETCONF URIs of course won't be
changed - but for new URIs, we like to use the YANG format.

Does this help?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 12 06:19:47 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> However, deviations have no revision that is advertised,
>>>> yet they clearly have a revision-date just like any other
>>>> YANG module.  This is somewhere between confusing and broken.
>>> What makes you think that modules with deviation statements are not
>>> advertised with their revision?
>> The module capability does not include a revision date
>> for the deviations that are attached to a particular module.
> 
> But you advertise your deviations module, and include the revision
> there:
> 
>    urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2009-01-01?deviations=bar
>    urn:bar?module=bar&revision=2009-04-01
> 

but remember the thread on all this little fields?
You and Phil claimed we need them all so you do
not have to look at more than the "capability I care about".

Now when there is a real need to have the info at
once (so <get-schema> can be called), it is OK to fish through
all the module capabilities to find out.

> So even if the bar module exists in multiple revisions (this would
> happen if bar contains deviations AND reusable typedefs / groupings,
> and some other modules import bar by different revision...), only one
> is implemented by the device.  We do not support that you advertise
> multiple versions of a module with data nodes and / or deviations.
> 

There is no requirement in the YANG spec that 2 different versions
of the same module cannot be present.  Import-by-revision requires
the opposite -- the agent must be able to support multiple
versions of the same module (A imports B and C1, B imports C2).

To make matters even worse, revisions are a completely optional
concept in YANG, and a vendor may decide to never use them.
Then the mandatory 'version' parameter is really strange in this case.


> 
> /martin
> 


Andy


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Subject: Re: [netmod] staying in synch on data model discovery
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >>>> However, deviations have no revision that is advertised,
> >>>> yet they clearly have a revision-date just like any other
> >>>> YANG module.  This is somewhere between confusing and broken.
> >>> What makes you think that modules with deviation statements are not
> >>> advertised with their revision?
> >> The module capability does not include a revision date
> >> for the deviations that are attached to a particular module.
> > 
> > But you advertise your deviations module, and include the revision
> > there:
> > 
> >    urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2009-01-01?deviations=bar
> >    urn:bar?module=bar&revision=2009-04-01
> > 
> 
> but remember the thread on all this little fields?
> You and Phil claimed we need them all so you do
> not have to look at more than the "capability I care about".
> 
> Now when there is a real need to have the info at
> once (so <get-schema> can be called), it is OK to fish through
> all the module capabilities to find out.

I assume you refer to this:
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01764.html
and your mail before it.

The point was that the client can look at the capability list only -
it does not have to download and parse all modules in order to find
how a device deviates (or not).

> To make matters even worse, revisions are a completely optional
> concept in YANG, and a vendor may decide to never use them.
> Then the mandatory 'version' parameter is really strange in this case.

Well, I already agreed to your idea that 'version' and 'format' should
be optional.


/martin


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 12 07:08:00 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>>>> However, deviations have no revision that is advertised,
>>>>>> yet they clearly have a revision-date just like any other
>>>>>> YANG module.  This is somewhere between confusing and broken.
>>>>> What makes you think that modules with deviation statements are not
>>>>> advertised with their revision?
>>>> The module capability does not include a revision date
>>>> for the deviations that are attached to a particular module.
>>> But you advertise your deviations module, and include the revision
>>> there:
>>>
>>>    urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2009-01-01?deviations=bar
>>>    urn:bar?module=bar&revision=2009-04-01
>>>
>> but remember the thread on all this little fields?
>> You and Phil claimed we need them all so you do
>> not have to look at more than the "capability I care about".
>>
>> Now when there is a real need to have the info at
>> once (so <get-schema> can be called), it is OK to fish through
>> all the module capabilities to find out.
> 
> I assume you refer to this:
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01764.html
> and your mail before it.
> 
> The point was that the client can look at the capability list only -
> it does not have to download and parse all modules in order to find
> how a device deviates (or not).
> 

OK -- I don't want to re-open the module capability URI.
The normal use-cases are covered very well.

>> To make matters even worse, revisions are a completely optional
>> concept in YANG, and a vendor may decide to never use them.
>> Then the mandatory 'version' parameter is really strange in this case.
> 
> Well, I already agreed to your idea that 'version' and 'format' should
> be optional.
> 

I think this will make get-schema easier to use.
I implemented all of draft-07, and I allow an
empty string for version to mean "agent picks
the version, if there is one.  If not, then I'm
already asking for the correct version -- none".
In YANG terms, just leaving out the parameter would be cleaner.

> 
> /martin
> 
> 

Andy

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 12 08:23:13 2009
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Hi,

I have some early implementation experience that suggests
that 2 specific corner-cases are very hard to implement
correctly in the agent protocol stack:

   1) leafref chains (leafref points to leafref points to ...)
   2) leafrefs that point to instance-identifiers

I suspect that nobody will want to remove these features,
even though there are no use cases that matter
to our problem space to back them up.

This is kind of like retrieving the main module while
parsing a submodule, just to get the prefix.  This
was eventually fixed in the belongs-to-stmt.
I hope I don't hear any whining a year from now
how difficult this bit is to code, as if the issue
was never raised before.

If we are going to end up with these
CLRs to get people to implement YANG, then let's add
them now, or decide now that this is not a concern
to the WG, or any unreasonable implementation burden.



Andy






From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 12 08:51:21 2009
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Subject: [netmod] leafref corner case
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Hi,

I'm sure glad we think it is so important to
have leafrefs in the database, because they
are really a pain to implement as database objects.


Here are 2 more corner-cases:


   list top {
      key a;
      leaf a { type int8; }
      leaf foo { type string; }
   }

   container copy {
      presence "Cannot use a top-level mandatory container";

      leaf fooref {
         type leafref { path /top/foo; }
         mandatory true;
      }
   }

   ...


   deviation /top/foo {
      deviate not-supported;
   }


1) mandatory pointing at optional
   this is legal YANG, but it doesn't really work

2) defunct leafref due to deviations
   Deviations are patches.
   In this agent, there is no leaf /top/foo.
   So what happens to leaf /copy/fooref?


Andy

From mehmet.ersue@nsn.com  Wed Aug 12 10:34:24 2009
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From: "Ersue, Mehmet (NSN - DE/Munich)" <mehmet.ersue@nsn.com>
To: "Juergen Schoenwaelder" <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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Subject: [netmod] FW:  staying in synch on data model discovery
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From: ext Juergen Schoenwaelder Wednesday, August 12, 2009 1:33 PM
>=20
> On Wed, Aug 12, 2009 at 12:17:07PM +0200, Ersue, Mehmet (NSN=20
> - DE/Munich) wrote:
> =20
> > NETCONF WG developed "capabilities" and introduced several of them.
> > Is it your proposal they shouldn't be used?  I am wondering whether
> > we need a WG decision or BCP-like statement saying it shouldn't be
> > used.  It would be interesting if you elaborate a bit why YANG
> > features should be used instead of NETCONF capabilities.  (I know
> > some of the reasons but might be missing others. At the end we need
> > a record on the maillist if we want to push such a decision.)
>=20
> I believe we did not communicate this well...
>=20
> NETCONF provides a capability exchange mechanism which uses URIs to
> identify capabilities. The NETCONF protocol defines some core
> capability URIs but otherwise leaves the format of capability URIs
> pretty much open. YANG uses the NETCONF capability exchange and
> imposes a format on the URIs to communicate among other things data
> model defined features. The common format of the URIs allows to write
> generic code to analyse these URIs. So everything is actually pretty
> fine in the sense that NETCONF provides a mechanism and YANG uses and
> further restricts the mechanism in order to enhance interoperability.
>=20
> All we want to achieve is to do away with handcrafted URI formats
> (often miscommunicated as "avoid capabilities") and instead use the
> YANG feature mechanisms. The existing NETCONF URIs of course won't be
> changed - but for new URIs, we like to use the YANG format.

Using NETCONF URIs in a specific way is fine from NETCONF POV.
I support what has been proposed in Ch. 4.4. Conditional Statements=20
of the "YANG Usage guidelines" document.

Mehmet
=20

From randy_presuhn@mindspring.com  Wed Aug 12 11:05:21 2009
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Hi -

> From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> To: <andy@netconfcentral.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, August 12, 2009 1:52 AM
> Subject: Re: [netmod] staying in synch on data model discovery
...
> So even if the bar module exists in multiple revisions (this would
> happen if bar contains deviations AND reusable typedefs / groupings,
> and some other modules import bar by different revision...), only one
> is implemented by the device.  We do not support that you advertise
> multiple versions of a module with data nodes and / or deviations.
...

Is this really realistic in a world of FRUs?  I can see how one might
shoehorn the models for different versions of a FRU into one, but
the deviations (which might be different for, e.g., different line cards)
seem less likely to work this way.

Randy


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Subject: Re: [netmod] prefixes in groupings example
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Martin

Top posting as this is a related tangent.

When I struggle to understand yang, I think it is sometimes the choice of words
I struggle with.  Perhaps this I-D fails my boring test.  Technical writing
should bore me; the same concepts should be bound one-to-one to identifiers and
so the same identifiers should recur over and over again.  Boring:-( but
clear:-)

eg, look at the passage you have quoted to Andy:

>    Grouping, type, and identity names are resolved in the context in
>    which they are defined, rather than the context in which they are
>    used.  Users of groupings, typedefs, and identities are not required
>    to import modules or include submodules to satisfy all references
>    made by the original definition.

coupled with

   o  All derived type names defined within a parent node or at the top-
      level of the module or its submodules share the same type
      identifier namespace.  This namespace is scoped to all descendant
      nodes of the parent node or module.  This means that any
      descendent node may use that typedef, and it MUST NOT define a
      typedef with the same name.

I think that one concept, the typedef name ie the identifier which is the
"typedef" statement's argument, gets referred to as, successively,
 type ..names
 typedefs
 derived type names
 type identifier
 typedef

Life would be more boring, and so for me simpler, if all references were to
typedef
names (or derived type names, although I would find that prolix).  When I see
four identifiers for what seems to be the same concept, I get this nagging
doubt - what am I missing? (please spare me the excitement:-)

Tom Petch

----- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <andy@netconfcentral.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, August 11, 2009 2:33 PM
Subject: Re: [netmod] prefixes in groupings example


> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > >> I'm still trying to figure out how the type-name prefix
> > >> thing works.
> > >>
> > >> If I have a local type like in my example:
> > >>
> > >> module foo {
> > >>   grouping ggg {
> > >>     container top-level {
> > >>       typedef MyType { ... }
> > >>       leaf X { type MyType; }
> > >>     }
> > >>   }
> > >> }
> > >>
> > >>
> > >> According to your rule, leaf X will have type foo:MyType.
> > >> It is bound to the 'foo' namespace because it is a type,
> > >> not an XPath expression.
> > >
> > > Yes.
> > >
> > >> module goo {
> > >>
> > >>    import foo { prefix foo; }
> > >>    uses foo:ggg;
> > >> }
> > >>
> > >> Now, even though there is a typedef called MyType in
> > >> module goo, it is goo:MyType, and not a match.
> > >> The YANG compiler is forced to call this an error,
> > >> even though the intent was to use the MyType in the
> > >> grouping, not the one tied to the foo namespace.
> > >
> > > No, with the module foo above, this is not an error.  Why would it be
> > > an error?  leaf X in the grouping has a type, and it is the same type
> > > in all modules where 'ggg' is used.  This works as before.
> > >
> > >
> >
> > it works because we do a late binding on the type name prefix,
> > not an early binding as your rule specifies.
>
> This is getting confusing.  Can we agree that there is no late binding
> for types in the current draft 07?  From section 5.4:
>
>    Grouping, type, and identity names are resolved in the context in
>    which they are defined, rather than the context in which they are
>    used.  Users of groupings, typedefs, and identities are not required
>    to import modules or include submodules to satisfy all references
>    made by the original definition.  This behaves like static scoping in
>    a conventional programming language.
>
> Our proposal is to introduce "late binding" for references in XPath
> expressions.  The current rule for type identifiers are the same as
> before.
>
> > I think the rule you are proposing is in the right direction,
> > but I do not agree that this problem is specific to XPath or
> > XML prefixes.
>
> Ok, so it seems we agree so far, but in addition to what we propose,
> you also want to change the current rule for type/grouping/... to also
> use late binding.
>
> > It seems to me that all explicit prefixes are
> > early binding and all missing prefixes are late-binding.
> > This works whether the definition is in a grouping or not
> > (same module: early vs. late produces the same result).
>
> I prefer to keep the type/grouping rule the way it is, and not do late
> binding in this case.  Consider this case:
>
>   module foo {
>
>     typedef my-type { type int32; }
>
>     grouping foo {
>       leaf x { type my-type; }
>     }
>   }
>
>   module goo {
>
>     import foo { prefix foo; }
>
>     typedef my-type { type string; }
>
>     uses foo:foo;
>   }
>
> Now, with your rule, goo:x is of type string.  I think this is
> confusing.
>
>
> /martin


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This draft is a work item of the NETCONF Data Modeling Language Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers of YANG Data Model Documents
	Author(s)       : A. Bierman
	Filename        : draft-ietf-netmod-yang-usage-01.txt
	Pages           : 28
	Date            : 2009-08-12

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Hi,

FYI: new YANG guidelines draft

There are still some [TBD] details scattered about
that need to be resolved.  I will try to do that
in the next month.  All the mailing list issues are settled.

I added ietf-template.yang, which is just a shell
that YANG authors can fill in with a data model.
I figured that this is not a YANG tutorial, so
the expresso-machine.yang module can wait for another
draft.

Please review ASAP and let me know if there are any problems,
bugs, missing guidelines, etc.


thanks,
Andy


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	Title           : Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers of YANG Data Model Documents
	Author(s)       : A. Bierman
	Filename        : draft-ietf-netmod-yang-usage-01.txt
	Pages           : 28
	Date            : 2009-08-12

This memo provides guidelines for authors and reviewers of standards
track specifications containing YANG data model modules.  Applicable
portions may be used as a basis for reviews of other YANG data model
documents.  Recommendations and procedures are defined, which are
intended to increase interoperability and usability of NETCONF
implementations which utilize YANG data model modules.

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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
To: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
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On Thu, Aug 13, 2009 at 05:31:09AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> Please review ASAP and let me know if there are any problems,
> bugs, missing guidelines, etc.

If we use a reference statement to identify the RFC, should this
statement then not be part of the revision statement, that is:

revision 2009-08-12 {
  description "Initial revision";
  reference "RFC XXXX";
}

Right now, you have the reference statement where all the meta data is
and it seems YANG does not even allow to place the reference statement
like I propose here. But common usage has been to refer to the RFC in
the revision statement equivalent in the SMIv2 world.

I am not sure I really see the value of requiring the file name for
unpublished documents in the comments. The more places an author has
to maintain with each revision, the more errors can be made. We
already have the DRAFT-XX in the URN and in the SMIv2 world, we
managed to survive without such a comment.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Wed Aug 12 23:54:51 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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On Thu, Aug 13, 2009 at 08:12:19AM +0200, Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Thu, Aug 13, 2009 at 05:31:09AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
> > Please review ASAP and let me know if there are any problems,
> > bugs, missing guidelines, etc.
> 
> If we use a reference statement to identify the RFC, should this
> statement then not be part of the revision statement, that is:
> 
> revision 2009-08-12 {
>   description "Initial revision";
>   reference "RFC XXXX";
> }
> 
> Right now, you have the reference statement where all the meta data is
> and it seems YANG does not even allow to place the reference statement
> like I propose here. But common usage has been to refer to the RFC in
> the revision statement equivalent in the SMIv2 world.

The example should actually be:

  revision 2009-08-13 {
    description
     "Initial revision.";
    reference
     "RFC XXXX: Common YANG Data Types";
  }
  // RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this note

I added the title of the RFC (as I normally do) since not everybody
memorizes all the RFC numbers. Martin, can we change YANG to allow
this?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From mbj@tail-f.com  Thu Aug 13 00:01:28 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> > Right now, you have the reference statement where all the meta data is
> > and it seems YANG does not even allow to place the reference statement
> > like I propose here. But common usage has been to refer to the RFC in
> > the revision statement equivalent in the SMIv2 world.
> 
> The example should actually be:
> 
>   revision 2009-08-13 {
>     description
>      "Initial revision.";
>     reference
>      "RFC XXXX: Common YANG Data Types";
>   }
>   // RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this note
> 
> I added the title of the RFC (as I normally do) since not everybody
> memorizes all the RFC numbers. Martin, can we change YANG to allow
> this?

Yes I think we should.  In fact, we can view this as a bug - in all
other places where a 'description' statement is allowed, 'reference'
is also allowed.


/martin

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 13 02:56:05 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
>>> Right now, you have the reference statement where all the meta data is
>>> and it seems YANG does not even allow to place the reference statement
>>> like I propose here. But common usage has been to refer to the RFC in
>>> the revision statement equivalent in the SMIv2 world.
>> The example should actually be:
>>
>>   revision 2009-08-13 {
>>     description
>>      "Initial revision.";
>>     reference
>>      "RFC XXXX: Common YANG Data Types";
>>   }
>>   // RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this note
>>
>> I added the title of the RFC (as I normally do) since not everybody
>> memorizes all the RFC numbers. Martin, can we change YANG to allow
>> this?
> 
> Yes I think we should.  In fact, we can view this as a bug - in all
> other places where a 'description' statement is allowed, 'reference'
> is also allowed.
> 

I disagree.
It is not a bug -- it is feature-creep.
We can use a comment for this purpose.


> 
> /martin

Andy



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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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On Thu, Aug 13, 2009 at 11:47:47AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> >>> Right now, you have the reference statement where all the meta data is
> >>> and it seems YANG does not even allow to place the reference statement
> >>> like I propose here. But common usage has been to refer to the RFC in
> >>> the revision statement equivalent in the SMIv2 world.
> >> The example should actually be:
> >>
> >>   revision 2009-08-13 {
> >>     description
> >>      "Initial revision.";
> >>     reference
> >>      "RFC XXXX: Common YANG Data Types";
> >>   }
> >>   // RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this note
> >>
> >> I added the title of the RFC (as I normally do) since not everybody
> >> memorizes all the RFC numbers. Martin, can we change YANG to allow
> >> this?
> > 
> > Yes I think we should.  In fact, we can view this as a bug - in all
> > other places where a 'description' statement is allowed, 'reference'
> > is also allowed.
> > 
> 
> I disagree.
> It is not a bug -- it is feature-creep.
> We can use a comment for this purpose.

I like the bug fix.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Thu Aug 13 05:56:53 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
To: Randy Presuhn <randy_presuhn@mindspring.com>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] date-and-time canonicalization (option #3)
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On Mon, Aug 10, 2009 at 10:11:47PM +0200, Randy Presuhn wrote:
> Hi -
> 
> > From: "Juergen Schoenwaelder" <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
> > To: <netmod@ietf.org>
> > Sent: Sunday, August 09, 2009 3:03 PM
> > Subject: [netmod] date-and-time canonicalization (option #3)
> ...
> >   The canonical format for date-and-time values is the format with a
> >   numeric time zone offset that is calculated using the device's
> >   configured known offset to UTC time. A change of the device's offset
> >   to UTC time will cause date-and-time values to change accordingly.
> >   Such changes might happen periodically in case a server follows
> >   automatically daylight saving time (DST) time zone offset changes.
> > 
> > This is a departure from the XSD dateTime rules (XSD requires the "Z"
> > format) but this approach has the advantage that operators deploying
> > NETCONF servers can configure the time zone and thus decide themselves
> > whether they like all dates to be returned in UTC or in a local time
> > zone. As a side effect, a server returning
> > 
> >     2009-08-09T23:08:00+02:00
> > 
> > indicates that the server's time offset is +02:00 at the time when the
> > response was generated.
> > 
> > Comments?
> ...
> 
> For some use cases this would be desirable, for others not.
> Sometimes a time or schedule really needs to be in terms of local
> clock time.  On the one side, consider intrusion detection sensors
> that need to be in harmony with an office's local hours of
> operation.  On the other side, consider backup runs scheduled to
> avoid overtaxing an enterprise's global network.  The former
> absolutely needs to take local daylight savings time changes into
> account.  The latter probably should not.
> 
> There really is a semantic difference between "schedule according to local
> clock time" and "schedule for purposes of global coordination".  A model
> that loses that semantic will shortchange one or the other.
> 
> I *do* think this issue can be separated from that of
> canonicalization.  After all, it's really a matter of the semantics
> of the bit of configuration data.  If the goal is to handle both
> semantics in a single data type, then this bit needs to show up in
> the representation.  If we decide that the difference in semantics
> merits having two distinct types (which happen to look very much
> alike), then there's no need for in in the representation.

Following RFC 3339, you can specify unknown timezone by using:

    2009-08-09T23:08:00-00:00

The only sensible interpretation of this I can come up with on the
device is local time. So it is possible to make a distinction.

I am tempted to actually allow the short-hand notation

    2009-08-09T23:08:00

for this and to make this the canonical format (that is something
configured as 2009-08-09T23:08:00-00:00 will be returned as
2009-08-09T23:08:00) since it seems to be easier to read.

Further comments?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 13 11:04:25 2009
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Hi,

>From yang-07, sec. 9.9.2

   The "path" XPath expression is conceptually evaluated in the
   following context, in addition to the definition in Section 6.4.1:

   o  The context node is the node in the data tree for which the "path"
      statement is defined.


   The accessible tree depends on the context node:

   o  If the leaf with the instance-identifier type represents
      configuration data, the tree is the data in one of the NETCONF
      datastores.  The XPath root node has all top-level configuration
      data nodes in all modules as children.

   o  Otherwise the tree is all state data on the device, and the
      <running/> datastore.  The XPath root node has all top-level data
      nodes in all modules as children.

1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
in the section about the leafref builtin type.

2) This behavior is really complicated, especially when the leafref
is nested within a union typedef.  When checking a value against
its typedef, you need to know the protocol operation and which target
database (if any) is being referenced.  Maybe the agent just
picks a database at random if the target is not provided in
some operation?

3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
in the database.  Their use in notifications and RPC operations
is different.  That allows custom RPCs and any event-type
to point at database objects for their transient messages

4) The issues I raised wrt mandatory/optional or just dealing
with objects that point at nonexistent nodes (not-supported
or if-feature=false, or when-stmt=false) make leafref almost
unusable in the database.   The implementation complexity issues
can be dismissed as subjective, but not the rest of them.

I think the leafref should not be allowed in config=true objects
at all.  They are not properly supported, and they are not really
needed either. Leafref is way more trouble than it is worth.
It hardly ever shows up in MIBs.  I know of 1 MIB -- the
RMON usrHistoryTable, which uses a leafref as part of its
self-contained config to monitor read-only data.

It isn't even very good for RPC/notification. A 'varbind' approach
would be much better and much easier to use.


Andy


From randy_presuhn@mindspring.com  Thu Aug 13 12:38:14 2009
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Hi -

> From: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
> To: "NETMOD Working Group" <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, August 13, 2009 11:05 AM
> Subject: [netmod] leafref problems
...
> I think the leafref should not be allowed in config=true objects
> at all.  They are not properly supported, and they are not really
> needed either. Leafref is way more trouble than it is worth.
> It hardly ever shows up in MIBs.  I know of 1 MIB -- the
> RMON usrHistoryTable, which uses a leafref as part of its
> self-contained config to monitor read-only data.

Similar things abound in the disman MIB modules' configuration
data.  The patterns used in VACM are also *conceptually* similar,
though they're really built on syntactic punning.  There really are
cases where it's necessary for configuration data to refer to
other elements of configuration data.  If leafref in its current form
is problematic, a counter-proposal is in order.

> It isn't even very good for RPC/notification. A 'varbind' approach
> would be much better and much easier to use.

I'm inclined to agree.

Randy


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Randy Presuhn wrote:
> Hi -
> 
>> From: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
>> To: "NETMOD Working Group" <netmod@ietf.org>
>> Sent: Thursday, August 13, 2009 11:05 AM
>> Subject: [netmod] leafref problems
> ...
>> I think the leafref should not be allowed in config=true objects
>> at all.  They are not properly supported, and they are not really
>> needed either. Leafref is way more trouble than it is worth.
>> It hardly ever shows up in MIBs.  I know of 1 MIB -- the
>> RMON usrHistoryTable, which uses a leafref as part of its
>> self-contained config to monitor read-only data.
> 
> Similar things abound in the disman MIB modules' configuration
> data.  The patterns used in VACM are also *conceptually* similar,
> though they're really built on syntactic punning.  There really are
> cases where it's necessary for configuration data to refer to
> other elements of configuration data.  If leafref in its current form
> is problematic, a counter-proposal is in order.
> 

these MIB modules are not widely used.
IMO, the leafref database object introduces a lot
of complexity for a very minor feature.

I don't have a counter-proposal to fix leafref,
other than to disallow the parts that don't work.

I think the normal process is for the WG to first agree or disagree
that any problem exists.  Somebody can go through all
the points I raised and explain why there are no concerns
for users of the YANG standard in any of them.

If somebody has a better solution then great.
I don't think the outcome of "nobody has
a good solution, so we will just ignore the problem"
works that well during the later review stages
of the IETF standards process.


>> It isn't even very good for RPC/notification. A 'varbind' approach
>> would be much better and much easier to use.
> 
> I'm inclined to agree.
> 
> Randy

Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> From yang-07, sec. 9.9.2
> 
>    The "path" XPath expression is conceptually evaluated in the
>    following context, in addition to the definition in Section 6.4.1:
> 
>    o  The context node is the node in the data tree for which the "path"
>       statement is defined.
> 
> 
>    The accessible tree depends on the context node:
> 
>    o  If the leaf with the instance-identifier type represents
>       configuration data, the tree is the data in one of the NETCONF
>       datastores.  The XPath root node has all top-level configuration
>       data nodes in all modules as children.
> 
>    o  Otherwise the tree is all state data on the device, and the
>       <running/> datastore.  The XPath root node has all top-level data
>       nodes in all modules as children.
> 
> 1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
> in the section about the leafref builtin type.

Yes, fixed in the upcoming -08.

> 3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
> in the database.

Haven't we had this discussion several times before?  Are you now
suggesting that no leafref type whatsoever is needed, or are you
(still) concerned with leafref to non-key leafs?



/martin

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Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
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Randy Presuhn wrote:
> Hi -
> 
>> From: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
>> To: "NETMOD Working Group" <netmod@ietf.org>
>> Sent: Thursday, August 13, 2009 11:05 AM
>> Subject: [netmod] leafref problems
> ...
>> I think the leafref should not be allowed in config=true objects
>> at all.  They are not properly supported, and they are not really
>> needed either. Leafref is way more trouble than it is worth.
>> It hardly ever shows up in MIBs.  I know of 1 MIB -- the
>> RMON usrHistoryTable, which uses a leafref as part of its
>> self-contained config to monitor read-only data.
> 
> Similar things abound in the disman MIB modules' configuration
> data.  The patterns used in VACM are also *conceptually* similar,
> though they're really built on syntactic punning.  There really are
> cases where it's necessary for configuration data to refer to
> other elements of configuration data.  If leafref in its current form
> is problematic, a counter-proposal is in order.
> 

this isn't really leafref we are talking about.
leafref has a hard-wired target object in the YANG file
that can never be changed.

The RMON use (and the varbind use) is really a
pair of objects -- an instance-identifier leaf
to identify the pointed-at-object, and an anyxml
node to represent the pointed-at-contents.

leafref does not provide anything like that.


>> It isn't even very good for RPC/notification. A 'varbind' approach
>> would be much better and much easier to use.
> 
> I'm inclined to agree.
> 
> Randy
> 

Andy


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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Hi,
>>
>> From yang-07, sec. 9.9.2
>>
>>    The "path" XPath expression is conceptually evaluated in the
>>    following context, in addition to the definition in Section 6.4.1:
>>
>>    o  The context node is the node in the data tree for which the "path"
>>       statement is defined.
>>
>>
>>    The accessible tree depends on the context node:
>>
>>    o  If the leaf with the instance-identifier type represents
>>       configuration data, the tree is the data in one of the NETCONF
>>       datastores.  The XPath root node has all top-level configuration
>>       data nodes in all modules as children.
>>
>>    o  Otherwise the tree is all state data on the device, and the
>>       <running/> datastore.  The XPath root node has all top-level data
>>       nodes in all modules as children.
>>
>> 1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
>> in the section about the leafref builtin type.
> 
> Yes, fixed in the upcoming -08.
> 

this needs to be changed for for i-i too, because that is just
as bad, and confusing.  Sometimes an i-i points
to the <rpc>, sometimes to the <rpc-reply>,
sometimes to candidate, sometimes to running,
sometimes who knows where because the target
is specified in a description clause.

pg 132:

   o  If the leaf with the instance-identifier type represents
      configuration data, the tree is the data in one of the NETCONF
      datastores.  The XPath root node has all top-level configuration
      data nodes in all modules as children.

Does the <validate> operation check
the leafrefs against the candidate, and <commit>
checks them against the running config?
Or does the agent do whatever it wants?
Which "one of the NETCONF datastores" does an i-i represent?
This is very confusing.

IMO, i-i should have a static format:

  /nc:rpc/... --> in the <rpc> PDU
  /nc:rpc-reply/... --> in the <rpc-reply> PDU
  /ncn:notification/... --> in the <notification> PDU

  Everything else --> top-level node in the <running> database
  or conceptual state data available with <get>

The i-i data type is an absolute path expression,
so the parent context is irrelevant.

>> 3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
>> in the database.
> 
> Haven't we had this discussion several times before?  Are you now
> suggesting that no leafref type whatsoever is needed, or are you
> (still) concerned with leafref to non-key leafs?
> 
> 

The recent issues I raised were discussed before and
resolved?  I do not remember that.  What was the resolution
to each issue?


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Haven't we had this discussion several times before?  Are you now
> > suggesting that no leafref type whatsoever is needed, or are you
> > (still) concerned with leafref to non-key leafs?

You didn't reply to my clarifying question above, so I will assume
that you mean that you want to remove leafref completely.

> The recent issues I raised were discussed before and
> resolved?  I do not remember that.  What was the resolution
> to each issue?

> 1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
> in the section about the leafref builtin type.

Fixed bug, as already mentioned.

> 2) This behavior is really complicated, especially when the leafref
> is nested within a union typedef.

That's why leafref is not allowed in union.

> 3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
> in the database.

I strongly disagree.  Cross references are common in configuration
data.  For example, see the ipfix module.  For an SNMP example, see
how many MIBs have references to ifIndex.  Search the ML archives for
more examples.  Our customers use it (or rather the somewhat older
'keyref') all the time.

> 4) The issues I raised wrt mandatory/optional or just dealing
> with objects that point at nonexistent nodes (not-supported
> or if-feature=false, or when-stmt=false) make leafref almost
> unusable in the database.

IMO this falls under garbage in / garbage out.  You can get the same
problems with must expressions.  You can even get the same problem
with description clauses:

  leaf a {
     if-feature foo;
     type int32;
  }
  leaf b {
     type int32;
     mandatory true;
     description "This leaf MUST be a divisor of the leaf 'a'";
  }

> It isn't even very good for RPC/notification. A 'varbind' approach
> would be much better and much easier to use.

You agreed in
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03104.html that
this should wait.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Haven't we had this discussion several times before?  Are you now
>>> suggesting that no leafref type whatsoever is needed, or are you
>>> (still) concerned with leafref to non-key leafs?
> 
> You didn't reply to my clarifying question above, so I will assume
> that you mean that you want to remove leafref completely.
> 

no;
just leafref pointing at leafref and config=true leafref


>> The recent issues I raised were discussed before and
>> resolved?  I do not remember that.  What was the resolution
>> to each issue?
> 
>> 1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
>> in the section about the leafref builtin type.
> 
> Fixed bug, as already mentioned.
> 

i-i needs to be fixed as well.
The database MUST always be <running>, not up to the agent to decide.


>> 2) This behavior is really complicated, especially when the leafref
>> is nested within a union typedef.
> 
> That's why leafref is not allowed in union.
> 

good -- not easy to remember what types
are allowed where though.

>> 3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
>> in the database.
> 
> I strongly disagree.  Cross references are common in configuration
> data.  For example, see the ipfix module.  For an SNMP example, see
> how many MIBs have references to ifIndex.  Search the ML archives for
> more examples.  Our customers use it (or rather the somewhat older
> 'keyref') all the time.

1) I am not convinced that the ipfix model is implementable
by mere mortals.  When somebody actually has it working in
running code, then I will be proved wrong.

2) INDEX by reference is trivial to support in SMIv2,
and could be as well in YANG.  YANG allows nested tabled
instead of flattened out tables like SMIv2, so table linkage
can be done multiple ways.

What is the use-case for leafref pointing at leafref?


> 
>> 4) The issues I raised wrt mandatory/optional or just dealing
>> with objects that point at nonexistent nodes (not-supported
>> or if-feature=false, or when-stmt=false) make leafref almost
>> unusable in the database.
> 
> IMO this falls under garbage in / garbage out.  You can get the same
> problems with must expressions.  You can even get the same problem
> with description clauses:
> 
>   leaf a {
>      if-feature foo;
>      type int32;
>   }
>   leaf b {
>      type int32;
>      mandatory true;
>      description "This leaf MUST be a divisor of the leaf 'a'";
>   }
> 

IMO, YANG has way too much GIGO!
YANG just ignores the broken protocol
behavior, and that is unacceptable.

You can define mandatory top-level objects that
cannot possibly be supported by any NETCONF agent.
You can have objects pointing at non-existent objects,
which also cannot possibly be implemented by any NETCONF agent.

YANG tools needs to check leafref:
  - mandatory pointing at optional
  - conditional pointing at different conditional
  - not conditional pointing at conditional
A YANG compiler MUST detect these fatal errors.
A YANG module is invalid and will not be usable
if any leafref object has these conditions.

If the agent contains any leafref objects whatsoever
which are no longer valid because the pointed-at object
is not available (e.g. due to deviations not-supported)
then what is supposed to happen to the leafref object(s)?
Is the agent supposed to remove all the leafrefs that
point at the not-supported leaf?  Just crash and burn?
How does YANG modify the NETCONF protocol (again)
so NETCONF works with YANG in this case?

>> It isn't even very good for RPC/notification. A 'varbind' approach
>> would be much better and much easier to use.
> 
> You agreed in
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03104.html that
> this should wait.
> 

Yes -- eventually I want a varbind-based solution.
I don't care if it is added now or later.

> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 14 04:58:53 2009
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[resend]

Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> 1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
> >> in the section about the leafref builtin type.
> > 
> > Fixed bug, as already mentioned.
> > 
> 
> i-i needs to be fixed as well.
> The database MUST always be <running>, not up to the agent to decide.

No, if the data store is candidate, then the i-i must point to
something in candidate, if you do a validate of candidate.

I propose the following change (and similar for the other case;
must/when/path):

OLD:

- If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
  one of the NETCONF datastores.  The XPath root node has all
  top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as children.

NEW:

- If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
  the NETCONF datastore where the leaf exists.  The XPath root node
  has all top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as
  children.


> >> 3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
> >> in the database.
> > 
> > I strongly disagree.  Cross references are common in configuration
> > data.  For example, see the ipfix module.  For an SNMP example, see
> > how many MIBs have references to ifIndex.  Search the ML archives for
> > more examples.  Our customers use it (or rather the somewhat older
> > 'keyref') all the time.
> 
> 1) I am not convinced that the ipfix model is implementable
> by mere mortals.  When somebody actually has it working in
> running code, then I will be proved wrong.
> 
> 2) INDEX by reference is trivial to support in SMIv2,
> and could be as well in YANG.  YANG allows nested tabled
> instead of flattened out tables like SMIv2, so table linkage
> can be done multiple ways.
> 
> What is the use-case for leafref pointing at leafref?

This is a cross reference to something which happens to have a cross
reference to something else.

If you want to discuss implementation strategies for leafrefs, I am
happy to do that (off-line).

> YANG tools needs to check leafref:

This is good - it is always easier to make progress when there is
a concrete proposal to discuss.

>   - mandatory pointing at optional

There is no reason this should be illegal - it might be bad design,
but the semantics are clear.  In order to create a valid
configuration, the mandatory leafref MUST be set.  And it MUST point
to something that exists, so the optional leaf (or more likeley, the
list entry) MUST also exist.

>   - conditional pointing at different conditional
>   - not conditional pointing at conditional
> A YANG compiler MUST detect these fatal errors.
> A YANG module is invalid and will not be usable
> if any leafref object has these conditions.

If by conditional you mean 'if-feature' I agree.  But it is not
trivial to describe this.  For example this should be valid:

  feature a { ... }
  feature b { if-feature a; ... }
  feature c { if-feature b; ... }

  list x {
    if-feature c;
    key y;
    ...
  }
  leaf z {
    if-feature a;
    type leafref { path /x/c; }
  }
    
Can you propose some text to describe this?  (Assuming this is what
you had in mind).


/martin

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> 1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
> >> in the section about the leafref builtin type.
> > 
> > Fixed bug, as already mentioned.
> > 
> 
> i-i needs to be fixed as well.
> The database MUST always be <running>, not up to the agent to decide.

No, if the data store is candidate, then the i-i must point to
something in candidate, if you do a validate of candidate.

I propose the following change (and similar for the other case;
must/when/path):

OLD:

- If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
  one of the NETCONF datastores.  The XPath root node has all
  top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as children.

NEW:

- If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
  the NETCONF datastore where the leaf exists.  The XPath root node
  has all top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as
  children.


> >> 3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
> >> in the database.
> > 
> > I strongly disagree.  Cross references are common in configuration
> > data.  For example, see the ipfix module.  For an SNMP example, see
> > how many MIBs have references to ifIndex.  Search the ML archives for
> > more examples.  Our customers use it (or rather the somewhat older
> > 'keyref') all the time.
> 
> 1) I am not convinced that the ipfix model is implementable
> by mere mortals.  When somebody actually has it working in
> running code, then I will be proved wrong.
> 
> 2) INDEX by reference is trivial to support in SMIv2,
> and could be as well in YANG.  YANG allows nested tabled
> instead of flattened out tables like SMIv2, so table linkage
> can be done multiple ways.
> 
> What is the use-case for leafref pointing at leafref?

This is a cross reference to something which happens to have a cross
reference to something else.

If you want to discuss implementation strategies for leafrefs, I am
happy to do that (off-line).

> YANG tools needs to check leafref:

This is good - it is always easier to make progress when there is
a concrete proposal to discuss.

>   - mandatory pointing at optional

There is no reason this should be illegal - it might be bad design,
but the semantics are clear.  In order to create a valid
configuration, the mandatory leafref MUST be set.  And it MUST point
to something that exists, so the optional leaf (or more likeley, the
list entry) MUST also exist.

>   - conditional pointing at different conditional
>   - not conditional pointing at conditional
> A YANG compiler MUST detect these fatal errors.
> A YANG module is invalid and will not be usable
> if any leafref object has these conditions.

If by conditional you mean 'if-feature' I agree.  But it is not
trivial to describe this.  For example this should be valid:

  feature a { ... }
  feature b { if-feature a; ... }
  feature c { if-feature b; ... }

  list x {
    if-feature c;
    key y;
    ...
  }
  leaf z {
    if-feature a;
    type leafref { path /x/c; }
  }
    
Can you propose some text to describe this?  (Assuming this is what
you had in mind).


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> 1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
>>>> in the section about the leafref builtin type.
>>> Fixed bug, as already mentioned.
>>>
>> i-i needs to be fixed as well.
>> The database MUST always be <running>, not up to the agent to decide.
> 
> No, if the data store is candidate, then the i-i must point to
> something in candidate, if you do a validate of candidate.
> 
> I propose the following change (and similar for the other case;
> must/when/path):
> 
> OLD:
> 
> - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
>   one of the NETCONF datastores.  The XPath root node has all
>   top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as children.
> 
> NEW:
> 
> - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
>   the NETCONF datastore where the leaf exists.  The XPath root node
>   has all top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as
>   children.
> 


rpc barf {
  input {
    leaf a {
      type leafref { path /foo/bar/baz; }
    }
  }
}

So which database is this leafref in?
Can the agent just pick one?

This proposal does not work.
The leafref MUST point at <running>.
The only valid config is <running>.
YANG specifies what goes in a valid database.
NETCONF specifies how the protocol operations work.

IMO, leafref and instance-identifier are both broken.


> 
>>>> 3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
>>>> in the database.
>>> I strongly disagree.  Cross references are common in configuration
>>> data.  For example, see the ipfix module.  For an SNMP example, see
>>> how many MIBs have references to ifIndex.  Search the ML archives for
>>> more examples.  Our customers use it (or rather the somewhat older
>>> 'keyref') all the time.
>> 1) I am not convinced that the ipfix model is implementable
>> by mere mortals.  When somebody actually has it working in
>> running code, then I will be proved wrong.
>>
>> 2) INDEX by reference is trivial to support in SMIv2,
>> and could be as well in YANG.  YANG allows nested tabled
>> instead of flattened out tables like SMIv2, so table linkage
>> can be done multiple ways.
>>
>> What is the use-case for leafref pointing at leafref?
> 
> This is a cross reference to something which happens to have a cross
> reference to something else.
> 
> If you want to discuss implementation strategies for leafrefs, I am
> happy to do that (off-line).
> 


I think leafref and instance-identifier are really problematic
and need to be fixed or removed from YANG.


>> YANG tools needs to check leafref:
> 
> This is good - it is always easier to make progress when there is
> a concrete proposal to discuss.
> 
>>   - mandatory pointing at optional
> 
> There is no reason this should be illegal - it might be bad design,
> but the semantics are clear.  In order to create a valid
> configuration, the mandatory leafref MUST be set.  And it MUST point
> to something that exists, so the optional leaf (or more likeley, the
> list entry) MUST also exist.


bad design?  IMO broken YANG.
This is the mandatory-by-indirection part of leafref.
Anything a mandatory leafref points at is also mandatory.



> 
>>   - conditional pointing at different conditional
>>   - not conditional pointing at conditional
>> A YANG compiler MUST detect these fatal errors.
>> A YANG module is invalid and will not be usable
>> if any leafref object has these conditions.
> 
> If by conditional you mean 'if-feature' I agree.  But it is not
> trivial to describe this.  For example this should be valid:
> 

I mean any form of conditional object.
YANG has so many to choose from, and
a tool must get it right for all of them, not just 1.
This is close to impossible to implement,
but I could say that about several parts of YANG.


>   feature a { ... }
>   feature b { if-feature a; ... }
>   feature c { if-feature b; ... }
> 
>   list x {
>     if-feature c;
>     key y;
>     ...
>   }
>   leaf z {
>     if-feature a;
>     type leafref { path /x/c; }
>   }
>     
> Can you propose some text to describe this?  (Assuming this is what
> you had in mind).
> 

yes - remove leafref -- it is broken,
complex, and easily misused.

I propose to let tools figure it out
like the rest of the complexity in YANG.

> 
> /martin
> 


Andy


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > I propose the following change (and similar for the other case;
> > must/when/path):
> > 
> > OLD:
> > 
> > - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
> >   one of the NETCONF datastores.  The XPath root node has all
> >   top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as children.
> > 
> > NEW:
> > 
> > - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
> >   the NETCONF datastore where the leaf exists.  The XPath root node
> >   has all top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as
> >   children.
> > 
> 
> 
> rpc barf {
>   input {
>     leaf a {
>       type leafref { path /foo/bar/baz; }
>     }
>   }
> }
> 
> So which database is this leafref in?
> Can the agent just pick one?

Andy, please check the text.  See the last bullet in section 9.9.2.
With the change I propose for the first bullet, the new complete text
is:

   o  The context node is the node in the data tree for which the "path"
      statement is defined.

   The accessible tree depends on the context node:

   o  If the context node represents configuration data, the tree is the
      data in the NETCONF datastore where the context node exists.  The
      XPath root node has all top-level configuration data nodes in all
      modules as children.

   o  Otherwise the tree is all state data on the device, and the
      <running/> datastore.  The XPath root node has all top-level data
      nodes in all modules as children.


> This proposal does not work.
> The leafref MUST point at <running>.

Yes, that how it works, since the last bullet apply in your rpc
example.


/martin

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 14 06:59:28 2009
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Subject: [netmod] YANG must work with NETCONF
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Hi,

There are several details in YANG that are legal,
yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
be supported on any NETCONF agent.

Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.
If an agent is free to choose what mandatory means,
then since all YANG modules need to
work with all conforming NETCONF implementations,
the top-level cannot be mandatory.

leafref objects are allowed to point at non-existent
nodes in YANG but this is not implementable on
the agent.  If the pointed-at object is not present,
then any object pointing at that object must also
be removed from the agent (ripple out until done).

YANG is already extremely difficult to learn.
It is way worse trying to explain to people
why their perfectly valid YANG module cannot
be supported by any NETCONF agent.

SMIv2 does not work this way.
You cannot use SMIv2 to construct valid
definitions which are not supportable in SNMP.
If SMIv2 says it's OK, then it MUST work on
a compliant SNMP agent.  YANG/NETCONF MUST work
the same way.



Andy











From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 14 07:10:27 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>> I propose the following change (and similar for the other case;
>>> must/when/path):
>>>
>>> OLD:
>>>
>>> - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
>>>   one of the NETCONF datastores.  The XPath root node has all
>>>   top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as children.
>>>
>>> NEW:
>>>
>>> - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
>>>   the NETCONF datastore where the leaf exists.  The XPath root node
>>>   has all top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as
>>>   children.
>>>
>>
>> rpc barf {
>>   input {
>>     leaf a {
>>       type leafref { path /foo/bar/baz; }
>>     }
>>   }
>> }
>>
>> So which database is this leafref in?
>> Can the agent just pick one?
> 
> Andy, please check the text.  See the last bullet in section 9.9.2.
> With the change I propose for the first bullet, the new complete text
> is:
> 

I read the text.
I don't think it works.
How does the agent know from that PDU
which database it is in?

What would a leafref definition look like
that wasn't associated with <running> config?


  leaf huh {
     type leafref [path { /who/knows; }
  }

This definition is not specific to candidate or running or startup.
It is just a config leaf that exists in all 3 databases.
So the phrase 'the NETCONF datastore where the context node exists'
is totally wrong.  It assumes there is 1 datastore where the node
exists, and it assumes the agent will know which one.



>    o  The context node is the node in the data tree for which the "path"
>       statement is defined.
> 
>    The accessible tree depends on the context node:
> 
>    o  If the context node represents configuration data, the tree is the
>       data in the NETCONF datastore where the context node exists.  The
>       XPath root node has all top-level configuration data nodes in all
>       modules as children.
> 
>    o  Otherwise the tree is all state data on the device, and the
>       <running/> datastore.  The XPath root node has all top-level data
>       nodes in all modules as children.
> 
> 
>> This proposal does not work.
>> The leafref MUST point at <running>.
> 
> Yes, that how it works, since the last bullet apply in your rpc
> example.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From mehmet.ersue@nsn.com  Fri Aug 14 07:16:57 2009
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From: "Ersue, Mehmet (NSN - DE/Munich)" <mehmet.ersue@nsn.com>
To: "ext Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>, "NETMOD Working Group" <netmod@ietf.org>
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+1

Cheers,
Mehmet
=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: netmod-bounces@ietf.org=20
> [mailto:netmod-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of ext Andy Bierman
> Sent: Friday, August 14, 2009 4:00 PM
> To: NETMOD Working Group
> Subject: [netmod] YANG must work with NETCONF
>=20
> Hi,
>=20
> There are several details in YANG that are legal,
> yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
> be supported on any NETCONF agent.
>=20
> Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
> but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.
> If an agent is free to choose what mandatory means,
> then since all YANG modules need to
> work with all conforming NETCONF implementations,
> the top-level cannot be mandatory.
>=20
> leafref objects are allowed to point at non-existent
> nodes in YANG but this is not implementable on
> the agent.  If the pointed-at object is not present,
> then any object pointing at that object must also
> be removed from the agent (ripple out until done).
>=20
> YANG is already extremely difficult to learn.
> It is way worse trying to explain to people
> why their perfectly valid YANG module cannot
> be supported by any NETCONF agent.
>=20
> SMIv2 does not work this way.
> You cannot use SMIv2 to construct valid
> definitions which are not supportable in SNMP.
> If SMIv2 says it's OK, then it MUST work on
> a compliant SNMP agent.  YANG/NETCONF MUST work
> the same way.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> Andy
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
>=20

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 14 07:18:31 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> I read the text.
> I don't think it works.
> How does the agent know from that PDU
> which database it is in?

Your example was this:

rpc barf {
  input {
    leaf a {
      type leafref { path /foo/bar/baz; }
    }
  }
}

The context node is leaf "a" in the rpc.  Thus, the second bullet
applies, and the leafref points to <running/> and state.

> What would a leafref definition look like
> that wasn't associated with <running> config?
> 
> 
>   leaf huh {
>      type leafref [path { /who/knows; }
>   }
> 
> This definition is not specific to candidate or running or startup.
> It is just a config leaf that exists in all 3 databases.
> So the phrase 'the NETCONF datastore where the context node exists'
> is totally wrong.  It assumes there is 1 datastore where the node
> exists, and it assumes the agent will know which one.

No, if you validate the candidate, the context node is in the
candidate, and the node it refers to must also exist in the candidate.


/martin

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Subject: Re: [netmod] YANG must work with NETCONF
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Hi,

It's hard not to agree with the statement in the title.

Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> There are several details in YANG that are legal,
> yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
> be supported on any NETCONF agent.
> 
> Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
> but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.

I disagree.  See the email thread "mandatory mess".  If you have a
top-level mandatory leaf, it MUST have a value in a valid database.
So, when the system has started and the NETCONF i/f is up and running,
the leaf MUST exist.  A user can then modify it, but not delete it.

> If an agent is free to choose what mandatory means,
> then since all YANG modules need to
> work with all conforming NETCONF implementations,
> the top-level cannot be mandatory.

The agent is not free to choose what mandatory means.  It means that
the leaf MUST exist in a valid data store.

> leafref objects are allowed to point at non-existent
> nodes in YANG but this is not implementable on
> the agent.  If the pointed-at object is not present,
> then any object pointing at that object must also
> be removed from the agent (ripple out until done).

I assume you refer to leafrefs which point to leafs with if-feature?
As I wrote in the other email thread, I think this is a valid concern,
and we should fix it.  I prefer to keep the discussion in one email
thread though.

> YANG is already extremely difficult to learn.

I don't know what you base this on, and I don't know what do to with
this comment.  From my experience with pioneer YANG writers, I
disagree though.


/martin

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 14 07:57:24 2009
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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] YANG must work with NETCONF
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> It's hard not to agree with the statement in the title.
> 
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> There are several details in YANG that are legal,
>> yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
>> be supported on any NETCONF agent.
>>
>> Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
>> but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.
> 
> I disagree.  See the email thread "mandatory mess".  If you have a
> top-level mandatory leaf, it MUST have a value in a valid database.
> So, when the system has started and the NETCONF i/f is up and running,
> the leaf MUST exist.  A user can then modify it, but not delete it.
> 


But mandatory means the agent may or may not create it.
Since all YANG modules need to work with all
valid NETCONF agents, no valid YANG module
can have a top-level module, becase a valid
agent implementation is allowed to choose not
to provide that node.

Consider that host address for the <ping> command.
You really think it makes sense for the agent to pick
an IP address at random and start pinging it,
in oder to provide a value?
Sometimes, the data modeler decides that there is no
possible default -- the agent must not choose
a value at random.  YANG needs to support that
type of data model.


>> If an agent is free to choose what mandatory means,
>> then since all YANG modules need to
>> work with all conforming NETCONF implementations,
>> the top-level cannot be mandatory.
> 
> The agent is not free to choose what mandatory means.  It means that
> the leaf MUST exist in a valid data store.
> 
>> leafref objects are allowed to point at non-existent
>> nodes in YANG but this is not implementable on
>> the agent.  If the pointed-at object is not present,
>> then any object pointing at that object must also
>> be removed from the agent (ripple out until done).
> 
> I assume you refer to leafrefs which point to leafs with if-feature?
> As I wrote in the other email thread, I think this is a valid concern,
> and we should fix it.  I prefer to keep the discussion in one email
> thread though.
> 
>> YANG is already extremely difficult to learn.
> 
> I don't know what you base this on, and I don't know what do to with
> this comment.  From my experience with pioneer YANG writers, I
> disagree though.
> 

We shall see in the end of the review cycle
whether lots of people agree with you or not.

The issue about leafref combined with deviate not-supported was never
addressed.  This cannot be checked by a YANG compiler.
It is something the agent must check.

IMO, any leafref object that includes a path statement
with non-existent nodes (or any reason) is an invalid
object, and the agent must remove that object or shutdown.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


From reid@snmp.com  Fri Aug 14 08:42:23 2009
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> But you advertise your deviations module, and include the revision
> there:
> 
>    urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2009-01-01?deviations=bar
>    urn:bar?module=bar&revision=2009-04-01
> 
> So even if the bar module exists in multiple revisions (this would
> happen if bar contains deviations AND reusable typedefs / groupings,
> and some other modules import bar by different revision...), only one
> is implemented by the device.  We do not support that you advertise
> multiple versions of a module with data nodes and / or deviations.
> 

I want to make sure I understand this. Does this mean that it would be 
invalid for a netconf server to support 2 different revisions of the 
same yang module. For example:

urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2008-04-05
urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2009-01-01

-David Reid

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 14 09:36:31 2009
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David Reid wrote:
>> But you advertise your deviations module, and include the revision
>> there:
>>
>>    urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2009-01-01?deviations=bar
>>    urn:bar?module=bar&revision=2009-04-01
>>
>> So even if the bar module exists in multiple revisions (this would
>> happen if bar contains deviations AND reusable typedefs / groupings,
>> and some other modules import bar by different revision...), only one
>> is implemented by the device.  We do not support that you advertise
>> multiple versions of a module with data nodes and / or deviations.
>>
> 
> I want to make sure I understand this. Does this mean that it would be 
> invalid for a netconf server to support 2 different revisions of the 
> same yang module. For example:
> 
> urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2008-04-05
> urn:foo?module=foo&revision=2009-01-01
> 

This would violate the entire purpose of import-by-revision.
YANG tools need to deal with multiple revisions, and that includes
the manager.

The manager is going to check its local module-store
for module=foo, revision=xxx, based on each individual capability URI.
If not found, or the namespace statement does not match
the module capability, then it is going to use <get-schema>
to retrieve any missing files.

Finally, it is going to attempt to compile and use the entire set of
modules and deviations and enable the features that the agent
advertised.  Through hardwired code, it is going to figure
out what it can from the particular combination of standard capabilities
advertised for the session.

Then the manager has the same exact view of the schema tree as the agent.

This used to sometimes take NMS developers many person-years
to get right with SNMP.  Now it takes about 100 milli-seconds with NETCONF.
That's why <get-schema> is so important and data silos are so evil.

The agent must advertise everything it has.
The manager must first figure out what the agent has,
rather than build its 'agent view' incrementally.
(tips from somebody who coded it wrong the first time...)


> -David Reid
> 

Andy

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<inline>
Tom Petch

----- Original Message -----
From: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
To: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Thursday, August 13, 2009 10:33 PM
Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems


> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> Hi,
> >>
> >> From yang-07, sec. 9.9.2
> >>
> >>    The "path" XPath expression is conceptually evaluated in the
> >>    following context, in addition to the definition in Section 6.4.1:
> >>
> >>    o  The context node is the node in the data tree for which the "path"
> >>       statement is defined.
> >>
> >>
> >>    The accessible tree depends on the context node:
> >>
> >>    o  If the leaf with the instance-identifier type represents
> >>       configuration data, the tree is the data in one of the NETCONF
> >>       datastores.  The XPath root node has all top-level configuration
> >>       data nodes in all modules as children.
> >>
> >>    o  Otherwise the tree is all state data on the device, and the
> >>       <running/> datastore.  The XPath root node has all top-level data
> >>       nodes in all modules as children.
> >>
> >> 1) this must be a bug, because it discusses the i-i type
> >> in the section about the leafref builtin type.
> >
> > Yes, fixed in the upcoming -08.
> >
>
> this needs to be changed for for i-i too, because that is just
> as bad, and confusing.  Sometimes an i-i points
> to the <rpc>, sometimes to the <rpc-reply>,
> sometimes to candidate, sometimes to running,
> sometimes who knows where because the target
> is specified in a description clause.
>
> pg 132:
>
>    o  If the leaf with the instance-identifier type represents
>       configuration data, the tree is the data in one of the NETCONF
>       datastores.  The XPath root node has all top-level configuration
>       data nodes in all modules as children.
>
> Does the <validate> operation check
> the leafrefs against the candidate, and <commit>
> checks them against the running config?
> Or does the agent do whatever it wants?
> Which "one of the NETCONF datastores" does an i-i represent?
> This is very confusing.
>
> IMO, i-i should have a static format:
>
>   /nc:rpc/... --> in the <rpc> PDU
>   /nc:rpc-reply/... --> in the <rpc-reply> PDU
>   /ncn:notification/... --> in the <notification> PDU
>
>   Everything else --> top-level node in the <running> database
>   or conceptual state data available with <get>
>
> The i-i data type is an absolute path expression,
> so the parent context is irrelevant.
>
> >> 3) There are no compelling use-cases for including leafref objects
> >> in the database.
> >
> > Haven't we had this discussion several times before?  Are you now
> > suggesting that no leafref type whatsoever is needed, or are you
> > (still) concerned with leafref to non-key leafs?
> >
>
> The recent issues I raised were discussed before and
> resolved?  I do not remember that.  What was the resolution
> to each issue?
>
An alternative view.

1) Balazs flagged this bug soon after -07 appeared (and I updated my copy as a
result)

2) leafref in union is prohibited in s.9.12; I cannot recall any discussion on
this.

3) there was a lengthy discussion on leafref and its use cases commencing in May
2009, triggered by Joel saying, most circumspectly, that it was incomprehensible
(at least, that is what I thought).  Andy came up with five use cases, expanded
to six then contracted back to five.  I pointed out that it was Andy in a
similar thread in September who argued that leafref was needed, not just keyref.

As is all too often the case on this list, it is very hard, for me at least, to
understand what the consensus of this thread was (and I have re-read it at least
five times, including, coincidentally, this week and last), even on the
inclusion of require-instance; only when the I-D came out did I think that the
consensus had been for require-instance to be dropped from leafref. Balazs en
passant said it would be helpful if some clear statements made then were
included in the I-D, but, sadly, they were not.  Joel's characterisations I
found helpful, again not included.

So what was the consensus of that thread? I am unsure.  What does the I-D tell
me?  Again, in several places, I am unsure.

4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another of those
topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can discern.  If, as
Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a leafref to a
non-existent node means:
either there are no constraints, anything goes
or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent

"All leafref nodes MUST reference
   existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
suggests the latter.
Tom Petch

> >
> > /martin
> >
>
> Andy


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 14 12:19:24 2009
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tom.petch wrote:
...
> An alternative view.
> 
> 1) Balazs flagged this bug soon after -07 appeared (and I updated my copy as a
> result)
> 


resolved

> 2) leafref in union is prohibited in s.9.12; I cannot recall any discussion on
> this.

resolved


> 
> 3) there was a lengthy discussion on leafref and its use cases commencing in May
> 2009, triggered by Joel saying, most circumspectly, that it was incomprehensible
> (at least, that is what I thought).  Andy came up with five use cases, expanded
> to six then contracted back to five.  I pointed out that it was Andy in a
> similar thread in September who argued that leafref was needed, not just keyref.
> 
> As is all too often the case on this list, it is very hard, for me at least, to
> understand what the consensus of this thread was (and I have re-read it at least
> five times, including, coincidentally, this week and last), even on the
> inclusion of require-instance; only when the I-D came out did I think that the
> consensus had been for require-instance to be dropped from leafref. Balazs en
> passant said it would be helpful if some clear statements made then were
> included in the I-D, but, sadly, they were not.  Joel's characterisations I
> found helpful, again not included.
> 
> So what was the consensus of that thread? I am unsure.  What does the I-D tell
> me?  Again, in several places, I am unsure.
> 

I don't want to go over use-cases again.

All discussion of implementation details is kind
of irrelevant because it is too subjective.

But a manager needs to know what to expect from an agent
wrt/ all aspects of YANG, and leafref is no exception there.


> 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another of those
> topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can discern.  If, as
> Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a leafref to a
> non-existent node means:
> either there are no constraints, anything goes
> or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
> 

I have about 5 warnings in yangdump related
to this.  I want them all to be fatal errors
instead.  The agent will use a module with warnings,
but not errors.

There are 2 new issues not resolved:
  1) YANG compile time:
     any possible scenario in which any path statement
     may not be valid in every possible compliant agent
     implementation MUST be considered a fatal error.
     The draft needs to make this clear.

  2) agent run time:
     - What to do when the agent has a leafref object
       with an invalid path statement?
     - What to do at the time the deviation 'not-supported'
       removes the pointed-at object?
    - What to do if a dynamic if-feature or when statement
      changes from true to false, with leafrefs pointing at the
      newly removed leaf?




> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
> suggests the latter.

So what happens to the pointing-leaf in the
running config when the pointed-at leaf goes away?
The running config cannot be invalid, but it is.

So the agent must iterate through a pruning process,
to make sure that each time it removes a dead leafref
that it is OK to do that, and no other leafrefs now
need to be pruned as well.

Or the agent can shutdown I guess,
but it cannot have an invalid running config.


> Tom Petch
> 
>>> /martin
>>>
>> Andy
> 
> 


Andy


From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 14 13:41:05 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another of those
> > topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can discern.  If,
> > as
> > Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a leafref to a
> > non-existent node means:
> > either there are no constraints, anything goes
> > or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
> > 
> 
> I have about 5 warnings in yangdump related
> to this.  I want them all to be fatal errors
> instead.  The agent will use a module with warnings,
> but not errors.
> 
> There are 2 new issues not resolved:
>   1) YANG compile time:
>      any possible scenario in which any path statement
>      may not be valid in every possible compliant agent
>      implementation MUST be considered a fatal error.
>      The draft needs to make this clear.

Please send me some suggestion for text to include!

>   2) agent run time:
>      - What to do when the agent has a leafref object
>        with an invalid path statement?

Such a config is not valid.  It doesn't spontaneously happen - it
happens b/c an operator tries to modify the config.  This request must
be rejected, just as a request that would invalidate a must constraint.

>      - What to do at the time the deviation 'not-supported'
>        removes the pointed-at object?

We had a proposal to state that the module must still be valid after
applying deviation statements.  But noone commented so it wasn't
included.  And I'm not convinced it is needed - deviations are
supposed to document what an implementation did, and it won't be
possible to implement this, as you noted.

>     - What to do if a dynamic if-feature or when statement
>       changes from true to false, with leafrefs pointing at the
>       newly removed leaf?

If a when statement changes to false, this is also an effect of an
operator modifying the config, which must be rejected.

> > "All leafref nodes MUST reference
> >    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
> > suggests the latter.
> 
> So what happens to the pointing-leaf in the
> running config when the pointed-at leaf goes away?
> The running config cannot be invalid, but it is.

Again, the pointed-at leaf won't just "go away".  It goes away when a
client deletes it, and that will be an error.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>> 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another of those
>>> topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can discern.  If,
>>> as
>>> Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a leafref to a
>>> non-existent node means:
>>> either there are no constraints, anything goes
>>> or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
>>>
>> I have about 5 warnings in yangdump related
>> to this.  I want them all to be fatal errors
>> instead.  The agent will use a module with warnings,
>> but not errors.
>>
>> There are 2 new issues not resolved:
>>   1) YANG compile time:
>>      any possible scenario in which any path statement
>>      may not be valid in every possible compliant agent
>>      implementation MUST be considered a fatal error.
>>      The draft needs to make this clear.
> 
> Please send me some suggestion for text to include!
> 

(Here's what yangdump checks anyway -- maybe there
is more to it than this...)

leafref node ==> leaf containing a leafref type
target leaf ==> leaf pointed at by a leafref path statement


The leafref node cannot be more conditional than
the target leaf.

The following restrictions apply:
  - if the leafref is mandatory, then the target leaf
    SHOULD be mandatory as well.  Managers need to make
    sure that an instance of the target leaf is present,
    or the leafref will not be valid.
  - if any if-feature statements apply to the leafref node,
    then they MUST also apply to the target leaf.
  - A when statement can apply to the leafref or target node
    in 3 ways (direct, inherited from all uses, inherited from
    augment).  The conceptual AND expression formed
    from these 3 XPath expressions MUST be identical
    in the leafref and target leafs.


>>   2) agent run time:
>>      - What to do when the agent has a leafref object
>>        with an invalid path statement?
> 
> Such a config is not valid.  It doesn't spontaneously happen - it
> happens b/c an operator tries to modify the config.  This request must
> be rejected, just as a request that would invalidate a must constraint.
> 

you are right.
this is no different than if the startup config
loaded into running is invalid.  The agent needs to deal
somehow with this situation already.

I would like there to be a standard way for an
agent to deal with a "good running config gone bad".


>>      - What to do at the time the deviation 'not-supported'
>>        removes the pointed-at object?
> 
> We had a proposal to state that the module must still be valid after
> applying deviation statements.  But noone commented so it wasn't
> included.  And I'm not convinced it is needed - deviations are
> supposed to document what an implementation did, and it won't be
> possible to implement this, as you noted.
> 
>>     - What to do if a dynamic if-feature or when statement
>>       changes from true to false, with leafrefs pointing at the
>>       newly removed leaf?
> 
> If a when statement changes to false, this is also an effect of an
> operator modifying the config, which must be rejected.
> 

maybe not the operator, but it does not matter.
the agent either has an internal or external trigger
to re-check the config, and the problem
will be dealt with at that time.


>>> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
>>>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
>>> suggests the latter.
>> So what happens to the pointing-leaf in the
>> running config when the pointed-at leaf goes away?
>> The running config cannot be invalid, but it is.
> 
> Again, the pointed-at leaf won't just "go away".  It goes away when a
> client deletes it, and that will be an error.
> 

I know the pointed-at leaf will go away.
So does the operator.   But the operator
may be astonished when the deleted-node ripple affect
deletes other nodes, not just the first one.
Side effects like this (and unlock(candidate) == discard-changes)
may cause the tech-support phone to ring a lot, and we don't
want that, do we?




> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Hi,
 
> 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another of those
> topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can 
> discern.  If, as
> Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a 
> leafref to a
> non-existent node means:
> either there are no constraints, anything goes
> or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
> 
> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
> suggests the latter.
> Tom Petch

+1
That is the exact way I understand leafref. A leafref pointing to
a non-existent node is invalid. And the removal of targeted-at
node either cause the leafref to be deleted or the removal request
is rejected at the beginning, IMO.

washam

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sat Aug 15 06:33:17 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
>  
>> 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another of those
>> topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can 
>> discern.  If, as
>> Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a 
>> leafref to a
>> non-existent node means:
>> either there are no constraints, anything goes
>> or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
>>
>> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
>>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
>> suggests the latter.
>> Tom Petch
> 
> +1
> That is the exact way I understand leafref. A leafref pointing to
> a non-existent node is invalid. And the removal of targeted-at
> node either cause the leafref to be deleted or the removal request
> is rejected at the beginning, IMO.
> 

with 'deviate not-supported', there is no manager request.
what about that one?

> washam
> 

Andy

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sat Aug 15 09:12:38 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
> Date: Saturday, August 15, 2009 9:34 pm
> Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
> To: WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
> Cc: "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>, Martin Bjorklund <mbj@tail-f.com>, netmod@ietf.org
> 
> 
>> WashamFan wrote:
>>> Hi,
>>>  
>>>> 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another 
>> of those
>>>> topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can 
>>>> discern.  If, as
>>>> Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a 
>>>> leafref to a
>>>> non-existent node means:
>>>> either there are no constraints, anything goes
>>>> or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
>>>>
>>>> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
>>>>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
>>>> suggests the latter.
>>>> Tom Petch
>>> +1
>>> That is the exact way I understand leafref. A leafref pointing to
>>> a non-existent node is invalid. And the removal of targeted-at
>>> node either cause the leafref to be deleted or the removal request
>>> is rejected at the beginning, IMO.
>>>

So some agents will magically delete extra nodes and others will
reject the request?  Can we pick one standard agent behavior here?


>> with 'deviate not-supported', there is no manager request.
>> what about that one?
>>
> 
> IMO, The action to remove the targeted-at node would delete
> the leafref node either regardless of the manager or system
> trigger the action. Otherwise, the datastore would be invalid.
> 

so what is the text for the one standard agent behavior
for this situation?


> washam
> 

Andy


From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Sat Aug 15 09:52:41 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
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Hi,

----- Original Message -----
From: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
Date: Saturday, August 15, 2009 9:34 pm
Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
To: WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
Cc: "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>, Martin Bjorklund <mbj@tail-f.com>, netmod@ietf.org


> WashamFan wrote:
> > Hi,
> >  
> >> 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another 
> of those
> >> topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can 
> >> discern.  If, as
> >> Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a 
> >> leafref to a
> >> non-existent node means:
> >> either there are no constraints, anything goes
> >> or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
> >>
> >> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
> >>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
> >> suggests the latter.
> >> Tom Petch
> > 
> > +1
> > That is the exact way I understand leafref. A leafref pointing to
> > a non-existent node is invalid. And the removal of targeted-at
> > node either cause the leafref to be deleted or the removal request
> > is rejected at the beginning, IMO.
> > 
> 
> with 'deviate not-supported', there is no manager request.
> what about that one?
> 

IMO, The action to remove the targeted-at node would delete
the leafref node either regardless of the manager or system
trigger the action. Otherwise, the datastore would be invalid.

washam

From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Sat Aug 15 18:51:50 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
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Hi,

> >>>> 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another 
> 
> >> of those
> >>>> topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can 
> >>>> discern.  If, as
> >>>> Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a 
> 
> >>>> leafref to a
> >>>> non-existent node means:
> >>>> either there are no constraints, anything goes
> >>>> or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
> >>>>
> >>>> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
> >>>>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
> >>>> suggests the latter.
> >>>> Tom Petch
> >>> +1
> >>> That is the exact way I understand leafref. A leafref pointing to
> >>> a non-existent node is invalid. And the removal of targeted-at
> >>> node either cause the leafref to be deleted or the removal request
> >>> is rejected at the beginning, IMO.
> >>>
> 
> So some agents will magically delete extra nodes and others will
> reject the request?  Can we pick one standard agent behavior here?

Then, I'd like pick the former.

> >> with 'deviate not-supported', there is no manager request.
> >> what about that one?
> >>
> > 
> > IMO, The action to remove the targeted-at node would delete
> > the leafref node either regardless of the manager or system
> > trigger the action. Otherwise, the datastore would be invalid.
> > 
> 
> so what is the text for the one standard agent behavior
> for this situation?

My interpretation, the referenced leaf defines the value
constraint for the corresponding referencing leaf. The value
constraint would change with the referenced leaf. When the
referenced leaf is gone (regardless of who trigger it), the 
constraint is total, which means, the referencing leaf's gone
with it.

So, IMO, there might be something like that:

With regard to any attempt (manager request, execution of
'not support' deviation,etc.) to remove a leaf which is referenced
by another leaf via leafref, the referencing leaf would be deleted 
automatically with the referenced leaf, if the attempt succeeds.

washam

From cfinss@dial.pipex.com  Sun Aug 16 02:32:53 2009
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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: [netmod] Terminology2 was Re:  leafref problems
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <andy@netconfcentral.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, August 14, 2009 3:32 PM
Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems

> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > > I propose the following change (and similar for the other case;
> > > must/when/path):
> > >
> > > OLD:
> > >
> > > - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
> > >   one of the NETCONF datastores.  The XPath root node has all
> > >   top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as children.
> > >
> > > NEW:
> > >
> > > - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
> > >   the NETCONF datastore where the leaf exists.  The XPath root node
> > >   has all top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as
> > >   children.
> > >

'top-level' appears many times in the i-d and I would like to see the meaning
better nailed down .

It could refer to the substatements immediately below a module statement.

It could be extended to the substatements immediately below the submodule
statement of an included submodule.

Since the reference, as here, is frequently to top-level data nodes, it could be
read as any data node which has no other data node between it and the module
statement so that in

module m {grouping g { leaf x ...

then x is regarded as top-level

Or ...

I would like this clarified, here and in the I-D

Tom Petch


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Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
> 
>>>>>> 4) is a new one on me, although mandatory, in general, is another 
>>>> of those
>>>>>> topics which come up regularly, without a consensus that I can 
>>>>>> discern.  If, as
>>>>>> Joel/Balazs suggested, leafref constrains type and value, then a 
>>>>>> leafref to a
>>>>>> non-existent node means:
>>>>>> either there are no constraints, anything goes
>>>>>> or the constraint is total, the leafref is also non-existent
>>>>>>
>>>>>> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
>>>>>>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
>>>>>> suggests the latter.
>>>>>> Tom Petch
>>>>> +1
>>>>> That is the exact way I understand leafref. A leafref pointing to
>>>>> a non-existent node is invalid. And the removal of targeted-at
>>>>> node either cause the leafref to be deleted or the removal request
>>>>> is rejected at the beginning, IMO.
>>>>>
>> So some agents will magically delete extra nodes and others will
>> reject the request?  Can we pick one standard agent behavior here?
> 
> Then, I'd like pick the former.
> 

OK -- I'll go with that.
Whenever possible, pick the least astonishing choice,
and since when-stmt, case-stmt, and NP containers can
disappear as a side-effect, this should as well.

For the most common use-case (foreign key), this
is what you want.  You delete the main table entry,
and all the sub-ordinate entries get deleted as well.
If these other tables were nested within the main
table the way they should be, that is also what would happen.


>>>> with 'deviate not-supported', there is no manager request.
>>>> what about that one?
>>>>
>>> IMO, The action to remove the targeted-at node would delete
>>> the leafref node either regardless of the manager or system
>>> trigger the action. Otherwise, the datastore would be invalid.
>>>
>> so what is the text for the one standard agent behavior
>> for this situation?
> 
> My interpretation, the referenced leaf defines the value
> constraint for the corresponding referencing leaf. The value
> constraint would change with the referenced leaf. When the
> referenced leaf is gone (regardless of who trigger it), the 
> constraint is total, which means, the referencing leaf's gone
> with it.
> 
> So, IMO, there might be something like that:
> 
> With regard to any attempt (manager request, execution of
> 'not support' deviation,etc.) to remove a leaf which is referenced
> by another leaf via leafref, the referencing leaf would be deleted 
> automatically with the referenced leaf, if the attempt succeeds.
>

a bit confusing, but Martin will fix it :-)

for deviate not-supported, there is no
request and maybe this will succeed.
If the syntax is valid, the agent is
declaring a module patch, and all leafrefs
pointing at this leaf are also not supported
and will be removed.


> washam
> 

Andy

From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Sun Aug 16 19:10:16 2009
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Hi,
 
>  I have some early implementation experience that suggests
>  that 2 specific corner-cases are very hard to implement
>  correctly in the agent protocol stack:
>  
>     1) leafref chains (leafref points to leafref points to ...)
>     2) leafrefs that point to instance-identifiers

Why these are special cases?
In 1), let assume leafref leaf A points to leafref leaf B points to
leaf C, then A's value space would be constrained by B only, A
doesn't need to care about C.
In 2), why instance-identifier leaf is special? It could be interpreted
as a string leaf with 'XPath like' value.

I did not do relevant implementation yet. So, I am sorry if I miss
somthing.

washam 

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Mon Aug 17 01:02:52 2009
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
>  
>>  I have some early implementation experience that suggests
>>  that 2 specific corner-cases are very hard to implement
>>  correctly in the agent protocol stack:
>>  
>>     1) leafref chains (leafref points to leafref points to ...)
>>     2) leafrefs that point to instance-identifiers
> 
> Why these are special cases?
> In 1), let assume leafref leaf A points to leafref leaf B points to
> leaf C, then A's value space would be constrained by B only, A
> doesn't need to care about C.
> In 2), why instance-identifier leaf is special? It could be interpreted
> as a string leaf with 'XPath like' value.
> 
> I did not do relevant implementation yet. So, I am sorry if I miss
> somthing.
> 


we are not concerned with the implementation complexity
of YANG, so you didn't miss anything.  Every little YANG
detail is wonderful and important and easy to code...

> washam 
> 


Andy



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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >>   1) YANG compile time:
> >>      any possible scenario in which any path statement
> >>      may not be valid in every possible compliant agent
> >>      implementation MUST be considered a fatal error.
> >>      The draft needs to make this clear.
> > 
> > Please send me some suggestion for text to include!
> > 
> 
> (Here's what yangdump checks anyway -- maybe there
> is more to it than this...)
> 
> leafref node ==> leaf containing a leafref type
> target leaf ==> leaf pointed at by a leafref path statement
> 
> 
> The leafref node cannot be more conditional than
> the target leaf.
> 
> The following restrictions apply:
>   - if the leafref is mandatory, then the target leaf
>     SHOULD be mandatory as well.  Managers need to make
>     sure that an instance of the target leaf is present,
>     or the leafref will not be valid.

According to this rule, would this model invalidate the SHOULD?

  list a {
    key x;
    leaf x { type int32; }
  }
  container b {
    presence "...";
    leaf y {
      type leafref { path /a/x; }
      mandatory true;
    }
  }

>   - if any if-feature statements apply to the leafref node,
>     then they MUST also apply to the target leaf.

Is this text clear enough to just include in the draft?  Is it clear
what it means that an "if-feature statement apply"?

>   - A when statement can apply to the leafref or target node
>     in 3 ways (direct, inherited from all uses, inherited from
>     augment).  The conceptual AND expression formed
>     from these 3 XPath expressions MUST be identical
>     in the leafref and target leafs.

How do you check if the conceptual expressions are identitical?  If we
really want to include text along these lines, it will require some
effort to describe the logic in an interoperable way.

> >>   2) agent run time:
> >>      - What to do when the agent has a leafref object
> >>        with an invalid path statement?
> > 
> > Such a config is not valid.  It doesn't spontaneously happen - it
> > happens b/c an operator tries to modify the config.  This request must
> > be rejected, just as a request that would invalidate a must constraint.
> > 
> 
> you are right.
> this is no different than if the startup config
> loaded into running is invalid.  The agent needs to deal
> somehow with this situation already.
> 
> I would like there to be a standard way for an
> agent to deal with a "good running config gone bad".

But running won't just go bad - in fact running cannot go bad.  So if
the server gets an edit-config with removes a leaf that is referenced
by a leafref, it will reply with a 'data-missing' error, with the
error-app-tag 'instance-required' (see section 13.6).

> >>> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
> >>>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
> >>> suggests the latter.
> >> So what happens to the pointing-leaf in the
> >> running config when the pointed-at leaf goes away?
> >> The running config cannot be invalid, but it is.
> > 
> > Again, the pointed-at leaf won't just "go away".  It goes away when a
> > client deletes it, and that will be an error.
> > 
> 
> I know the pointed-at leaf will go away.
> So does the operator.   But the operator
> may be astonished when the deleted-node ripple affect
> deletes other nodes, not just the first one.

There is no "deleted-node ripple effect".  The delete on the first
node will fail.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>>   1) YANG compile time:
>>>>      any possible scenario in which any path statement
>>>>      may not be valid in every possible compliant agent
>>>>      implementation MUST be considered a fatal error.
>>>>      The draft needs to make this clear.
>>> Please send me some suggestion for text to include!
>>>
>> (Here's what yangdump checks anyway -- maybe there
>> is more to it than this...)
>>
>> leafref node ==> leaf containing a leafref type
>> target leaf ==> leaf pointed at by a leafref path statement
>>
>>
>> The leafref node cannot be more conditional than
>> the target leaf.
>>
>> The following restrictions apply:
>>   - if the leafref is mandatory, then the target leaf
>>     SHOULD be mandatory as well.  Managers need to make
>>     sure that an instance of the target leaf is present,
>>     or the leafref will not be valid.
> 
> According to this rule, would this model invalidate the SHOULD?
> 
>   list a {
>     key x;
>     leaf x { type int32; }
>   }
>   container b {
>     presence "...";
>     leaf y {
>       type leafref { path /a/x; }
>       mandatory true;
>     }
>   }
> 

why would it?
A key leaf is implicitly mandatory.


>>   - if any if-feature statements apply to the leafref node,
>>     then they MUST also apply to the target leaf.
> 
> Is this text clear enough to just include in the draft?  Is it clear
> what it means that an "if-feature statement apply"?
> 
>>   - A when statement can apply to the leafref or target node
>>     in 3 ways (direct, inherited from all uses, inherited from
>>     augment).  The conceptual AND expression formed
>>     from these 3 XPath expressions MUST be identical
>>     in the leafref and target leafs.
> 
> How do you check if the conceptual expressions are identitical?  If we
> really want to include text along these lines, it will require some
> effort to describe the logic in an interoperable way.
> 

you really can't do more than string compare the XPath
expressions -- a totally stupid thing to do,
but that's already how deviations work.


>>>>   2) agent run time:
>>>>      - What to do when the agent has a leafref object
>>>>        with an invalid path statement?
>>> Such a config is not valid.  It doesn't spontaneously happen - it
>>> happens b/c an operator tries to modify the config.  This request must
>>> be rejected, just as a request that would invalidate a must constraint.
>>>
>> you are right.
>> this is no different than if the startup config
>> loaded into running is invalid.  The agent needs to deal
>> somehow with this situation already.
>>
>> I would like there to be a standard way for an
>> agent to deal with a "good running config gone bad".
> 
> But running won't just go bad - in fact running cannot go bad.  So if
> the server gets an edit-config with removes a leaf that is referenced
> by a leafref, it will reply with a 'data-missing' error, with the
> error-app-tag 'instance-required' (see section 13.6).
> 

where is that specified in the draft?

I like Washam's plan better -- you delete the leaf,
and all its references go away as well.


>>>>> "All leafref nodes MUST reference
>>>>>    existing leaf instances for the data to be valid"
>>>>> suggests the latter.
>>>> So what happens to the pointing-leaf in the
>>>> running config when the pointed-at leaf goes away?
>>>> The running config cannot be invalid, but it is.
>>> Again, the pointed-at leaf won't just "go away".  It goes away when a
>>> client deletes it, and that will be an error.
>>>
>> I know the pointed-at leaf will go away.
>> So does the operator.   But the operator
>> may be astonished when the deleted-node ripple affect
>> deletes other nodes, not just the first one.
> 
> There is no "deleted-node ripple effect".  The delete on the first
> node will fail.
> 


what about a choice-stmt than contains a case
that contains a leaf that is pointed at by a leafref?
The agent is forced to remove that case when a new one
is entered.  This also leaves dangling references to
a deleted leaf.  You want that to work sometimes, but
not others?

We already have a deleted-node ripple effect.

> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From mbj@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 17 01:58:42 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> The following restrictions apply:
> >>   - if the leafref is mandatory, then the target leaf
> >>     SHOULD be mandatory as well.  Managers need to make
> >>     sure that an instance of the target leaf is present,
> >>     or the leafref will not be valid.
> > 
> > According to this rule, would this model invalidate the SHOULD?
> > 
> >   list a {
> >     key x;
> >     leaf x { type int32; }
> >   }
> >   container b {
> >     presence "...";
> >     leaf y {
> >       type leafref { path /a/x; }
> >       mandatory true;
> >     }
> >   }
> > 
> 
> why would it?
> A key leaf is implicitly mandatory.

B/c the list may have in 0 instances.  Why would that be different
from

  container a {
    leaf x { type int32; }
  }

I prefer to not add the SHOULD suggested above.

> >>>>   2) agent run time:
> >>>>      - What to do when the agent has a leafref object
> >>>>        with an invalid path statement?
> >>> Such a config is not valid.  It doesn't spontaneously happen - it
> >>> happens b/c an operator tries to modify the config.  This request must
> >>> be rejected, just as a request that would invalidate a must constraint.
> >>>
> >> you are right.
> >> this is no different than if the startup config
> >> loaded into running is invalid.  The agent needs to deal
> >> somehow with this situation already.
> >>
> >> I would like there to be a standard way for an
> >> agent to deal with a "good running config gone bad".
> > 
> > But running won't just go bad - in fact running cannot go bad.  So if
> > the server gets an edit-config with removes a leaf that is referenced
> > by a leafref, it will reply with a 'data-missing' error, with the
> > error-app-tag 'instance-required' (see section 13.6).
> > 
> 
> where is that specified in the draft?

Section 8.3.3 says that constraints for running are checked at
edit-config time.  Section 9 says that a leafref is such a
constraint.  And section 13.6 specifies the error message to use.


> I like Washam's plan better -- you delete the leaf,
> and all its references go away as well.

This has been discussed before, and it was rejected at the time.



/martin

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Hi,


"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> To: <andy@netconfcentral.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Friday, August 14, 2009 3:32 PM
> Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
> 
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > > > I propose the following change (and similar for the other case;
> > > > must/when/path):
> > > >
> > > > OLD:
> > > >
> > > > - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
> > > >   one of the NETCONF datastores.  The XPath root node has all
> > > >   top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as children.
> > > >
> > > > NEW:
> > > >
> > > > - If this leaf represents configuration data, the tree is the data in
> > > >   the NETCONF datastore where the leaf exists.  The XPath root node
> > > >   has all top-level configuration data nodes in all modules as
> > > >   children.
> > > >
> 
> 'top-level' appears many times in the i-d and I would like to see the meaning
> better nailed down .
> 
> It could refer to the substatements immediately below a module statement.
> 
> It could be extended to the substatements immediately below the submodule
> statement of an included submodule.
> 
> Since the reference, as here, is frequently to top-level data nodes, it could
> be
> read as any data node which has no other data node between it and the module
> statement

Yes.

> so that in
> 
> module m {grouping g { leaf x ...
> 
> then x is regarded as top-level

No, the grouping statement does not instantiate any data nodes.  If
you also had:

  uses g;

then x would be a top-level data node.


/martin

From muenz@net.in.tum.de  Mon Aug 17 04:20:16 2009
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Hi,

Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> There are several details in YANG that are legal,
>> yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
>> be supported on any NETCONF agent.
>>
>> Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
>> but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.
> 
> I disagree.  See the email thread "mandatory mess".  If you have a
> top-level mandatory leaf, it MUST have a value in a valid database.
> So, when the system has started and the NETCONF i/f is up and running,
> the leaf MUST exist.  A user can then modify it, but not delete it.

Sorry that I have to ask again. I tried to explain the IPFIX use case in
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03297.html
I only got one answer by Phil which did not really clarify the issue.

Up to now, I've thought that "mandatory" means "MUST be provided by the 
user". Apparently, this is not true for top-level nodes. I'm confused.

Does "mandatory" mean that the agent will create the node if it is 
missing (i.e., not provided by the user)?
Is this a general rule or does this only apply to top-level nodes?

For me, it is important to know if there is a difference because we have 
nodes in non-mandatory containers which will be created by the device if 
not created by the user. Do I have to declare them mandatory as well?

Thanks,
Gerhard


> 
>> If an agent is free to choose what mandatory means,
>> then since all YANG modules need to
>> work with all conforming NETCONF implementations,
>> the top-level cannot be mandatory.
> 
> The agent is not free to choose what mandatory means.  It means that
> the leaf MUST exist in a valid data store.
> 
>> leafref objects are allowed to point at non-existent
>> nodes in YANG but this is not implementable on
>> the agent.  If the pointed-at object is not present,
>> then any object pointing at that object must also
>> be removed from the agent (ripple out until done).
> 
> I assume you refer to leafrefs which point to leafs with if-feature?
> As I wrote in the other email thread, I think this is a valid concern,
> and we should fix it.  I prefer to keep the discussion in one email
> thread though.
> 
>> YANG is already extremely difficult to learn.
> 
> I don't know what you base this on, and I don't know what do to with
> this comment.  From my experience with pioneer YANG writers, I
> disagree though.
> 
> 
> /martin

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Subject: Re: [netmod] leafref problems
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> The following restrictions apply:
>>>>   - if the leafref is mandatory, then the target leaf
>>>>     SHOULD be mandatory as well.  Managers need to make
>>>>     sure that an instance of the target leaf is present,
>>>>     or the leafref will not be valid.
>>> According to this rule, would this model invalidate the SHOULD?
>>>
>>>   list a {
>>>     key x;
>>>     leaf x { type int32; }
>>>   }
>>>   container b {
>>>     presence "...";
>>>     leaf y {
>>>       type leafref { path /a/x; }
>>>       mandatory true;
>>>     }
>>>   }
>>>
>> why would it?
>> A key leaf is implicitly mandatory.
> 
> B/c the list may have in 0 instances.  Why would that be different
> from
> 
>   container a {
>     leaf x { type int32; }
>   }
> 
> I prefer to not add the SHOULD suggested above.
> 
>>>>>>   2) agent run time:
>>>>>>      - What to do when the agent has a leafref object
>>>>>>        with an invalid path statement?
>>>>> Such a config is not valid.  It doesn't spontaneously happen - it
>>>>> happens b/c an operator tries to modify the config.  This request must
>>>>> be rejected, just as a request that would invalidate a must constraint.
>>>>>
>>>> you are right.
>>>> this is no different than if the startup config
>>>> loaded into running is invalid.  The agent needs to deal
>>>> somehow with this situation already.
>>>>
>>>> I would like there to be a standard way for an
>>>> agent to deal with a "good running config gone bad".
>>> But running won't just go bad - in fact running cannot go bad.  So if
>>> the server gets an edit-config with removes a leaf that is referenced
>>> by a leafref, it will reply with a 'data-missing' error, with the
>>> error-app-tag 'instance-required' (see section 13.6).
>>>
>> where is that specified in the draft?
> 
> Section 8.3.3 says that constraints for running are checked at
> edit-config time.  Section 9 says that a leafref is such a
> constraint.  And section 13.6 specifies the error message to use.
> 
> 
>> I like Washam's plan better -- you delete the leaf,
>> and all its references go away as well.
> 
> This has been discussed before, and it was rejected at the time.
> 

I do not remember this.
I remember you insisted an agent must
delete the old case in a choice when a new case
is set.  Are you saying now that is not what
the agent does?


  choice X {
     leaf a { type string; }
     leaf b { type string; }
  }

  leaf Y {
     type leafref { path /X/a/a; }
  }

Are you saying that if /b is set, so /a is deleted,
that this will fail if /Y exists, but work if /Y
does not exist?


> 
> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From mbj@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 17 05:00:39 2009
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Gerhard Muenz <muenz@net.in.tum.de> wrote:
> 
> Hi,
> 
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> There are several details in YANG that are legal,
> >> yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
> >> be supported on any NETCONF agent.
> >>
> >> Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
> >> but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.
> > I disagree.  See the email thread "mandatory mess".  If you have a
> > top-level mandatory leaf, it MUST have a value in a valid database.
> > So, when the system has started and the NETCONF i/f is up and running,
> > the leaf MUST exist.  A user can then modify it, but not delete it.
> 
> Sorry that I have to ask again. I tried to explain the IPFIX use case in
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03297.html
> I only got one answer by Phil which did not really clarify the issue.
> 
> Up to now, I've thought that "mandatory" means "MUST be provided by the
> user".

Yes this is true, and the way you have solved this in your module is
IMO correct - i.e. use an optional leaf and specify the behavior in
the description clause.

> Apparently, this is not true for top-level nodes. I'm confused.

It is also true for top-level nodes, but since such a node must exist
in the initial data store it must be created as part of the initial
system start.  The data might be set using some initial CLI or using
some other initial data.

The important thing is the observed server behavior.  If you do a
get-config of running, the data you get back must be valid.  If you
create e.g. a list entry which has a mandatory leaf, you must set the
value.  The agent will not set it.

> Does "mandatory" mean that the agent will create the node if it is missing
> (i.e., not provided by the user)?

No.

> Is this a general rule or does this only apply to top-level nodes?

I don't view this as created by the agent.  I view it as being part of
the initial (valid) data store.



/martin

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> >>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >>>> I would like there to be a standard way for an
> >>>> agent to deal with a "good running config gone bad".
> >>> But running won't just go bad - in fact running cannot go bad.  So if
> >>> the server gets an edit-config with removes a leaf that is referenced
> >>> by a leafref, it will reply with a 'data-missing' error, with the
> >>> error-app-tag 'instance-required' (see section 13.6).
> >>>
> >> where is that specified in the draft?
> > 
> > Section 8.3.3 says that constraints for running are checked at
> > edit-config time.  Section 9 says that a leafref is such a
> > constraint.  And section 13.6 specifies the error message to use.
> > 
> > 
> >> I like Washam's plan better -- you delete the leaf,
> >> and all its references go away as well.
> > 
> > This has been discussed before, and it was rejected at the time.
> > 
> 
> I do not remember this.

See the mail thread "leafref issues", started by you 27 May 2009.  A
couple of emails objected against introducing automatic deletions of
references, and no one insisted that it should be added.

> I remember you insisted an agent must
> delete the old case in a choice when a new case
> is set.  Are you saying now that is not what
> the agent does?

No.

>   choice X {
>      leaf a { type string; }
>      leaf b { type string; }
>   }
> 
>   leaf Y {
>      type leafref { path /X/a/a; }
>   }
> 
> Are you saying that if /b is set, so /a is deleted,
> that this will fail if /Y exists, but work if /Y
> does not exist?

Yes.

Just like this:

  leaf Y {
    type string;
    must ". = /X/a";
  }



/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>>>> I would like there to be a standard way for an
>>>>>> agent to deal with a "good running config gone bad".
>>>>> But running won't just go bad - in fact running cannot go bad.  So if
>>>>> the server gets an edit-config with removes a leaf that is referenced
>>>>> by a leafref, it will reply with a 'data-missing' error, with the
>>>>> error-app-tag 'instance-required' (see section 13.6).
>>>>>
>>>> where is that specified in the draft?
>>> Section 8.3.3 says that constraints for running are checked at
>>> edit-config time.  Section 9 says that a leafref is such a
>>> constraint.  And section 13.6 specifies the error message to use.
>>>
>>>
>>>> I like Washam's plan better -- you delete the leaf,
>>>> and all its references go away as well.
>>> This has been discussed before, and it was rejected at the time.
>>>
>> I do not remember this.
> 
> See the mail thread "leafref issues", started by you 27 May 2009.  A
> couple of emails objected against introducing automatic deletions of
> references, and no one insisted that it should be added.
> 
>> I remember you insisted an agent must
>> delete the old case in a choice when a new case
>> is set.  Are you saying now that is not what
>> the agent does?
> 
> No.
> 
>>   choice X {
>>      leaf a { type string; }
>>      leaf b { type string; }
>>   }
>>
>>   leaf Y {
>>      type leafref { path /X/a/a; }
>>   }
>>
>> Are you saying that if /b is set, so /a is deleted,
>> that this will fail if /Y exists, but work if /Y
>> does not exist?
> 
> Yes.
> 
> Just like this:
> 
>   leaf Y {
>     type string;
>     must ". = /X/a";
>   }
> 
> 

but it is not just like a must-stmt.
If the data model designer wants the behavior
you are are suggesting, then they will use the must-stmt.

Let's say an interface entry has 100 tables hanging
off of it, all dependent on the existence of that
specific interface entry.  It would be extremely cumbersome
to manually unwind all these data structures bottom up
because they were designed like SMIv2 tables (foreign
keys instead of nested tables).  If the operator deletes
an interface, then it is clear these tables with foreign
keys are no longer needed as well.

When an external config leafref points at a list entry,
the normal behavior is also to delete the reference.
Going back to an early example, it makes no sense at all
to keep the 'my-favorite-channel' leafref if the 'channel-list'
is deleted.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> but it is not just like a must-stmt.

>From a validation point of view, a leafref behaves like a leaf with a
must statement.  But I agree; a leafref is more than a must in that it
expclicitly defines a cross reference.

> Let's say an interface entry has 100 tables hanging
> off of it, all dependent on the existence of that
> specific interface entry.  It would be extremely cumbersome
> to manually unwind all these data structures bottom up
> because they were designed like SMIv2 tables (foreign
> keys instead of nested tables).  If the operator deletes
> an interface, then it is clear these tables with foreign
> keys are no longer needed as well.

But as you said earlier we expect people to not use the flat
structure, but rather make use of the hierarchy we have.

Going back to the example which you said is valid YANG:

  list a {
    key x;
    leaf x { type int32; }
  }
  container b {
    presence "...";
    leaf y {
      type leafref { path /a/x; }
      mandatory true;
    }
  }

Suppose /a[x=1] exists, and /b/y is 1.  Now if /a[x=1] is deleted,
/b/y should be auto-deleted, right?  Does this mean that /b is
auto-deleted as well?  This will indeed cause a delete ripple effect,
which I think would be very confusing and bad.


/martin

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 17 06:24:55 2009
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Hi Gerhard,

in fact, I started the thread "mandatory mess" because of the weaselness
of the crucial (interrelated) terms such as configuration database,
mandatory/optional leaves and default values.

I have the impression that due to political requirements on vendor
neutrality it is taboo to speak about any particular information model,
but IMO this approach will backfire in the future - and the parallel
discussion in NETCONF ML about database architecture seems to indicate
the same thing.

A possible solution - still quite neutral - would be to define a base
infomation model and then the various vendor representations of config
datastores as views of this base model.

Anyway, for me a mandatory value is one that's required for the
operation of a device or protocol and this definition is independent of
whether there is any default value supplied either by the data model or
"initial default configuration".

Lada

Gerhard Muenz píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 13:20 +0200:
> Hi,
> 
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> There are several details in YANG that are legal,
> >> yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
> >> be supported on any NETCONF agent.
> >>
> >> Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
> >> but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.
> > 
> > I disagree.  See the email thread "mandatory mess".  If you have a
> > top-level mandatory leaf, it MUST have a value in a valid database.
> > So, when the system has started and the NETCONF i/f is up and running,
> > the leaf MUST exist.  A user can then modify it, but not delete it.
> 
> Sorry that I have to ask again. I tried to explain the IPFIX use case in
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03297.html
> I only got one answer by Phil which did not really clarify the issue.
> 
> Up to now, I've thought that "mandatory" means "MUST be provided by the 
> user". Apparently, this is not true for top-level nodes. I'm confused.
> 
> Does "mandatory" mean that the agent will create the node if it is 
> missing (i.e., not provided by the user)?
> Is this a general rule or does this only apply to top-level nodes?
> 
> For me, it is important to know if there is a difference because we have 
> nodes in non-mandatory containers which will be created by the device if 
> not created by the user. Do I have to declare them mandatory as well?
> 
> Thanks,
> Gerhard
> 
> 
> > 
> >> If an agent is free to choose what mandatory means,
> >> then since all YANG modules need to
> >> work with all conforming NETCONF implementations,
> >> the top-level cannot be mandatory.
> > 
> > The agent is not free to choose what mandatory means.  It means that
> > the leaf MUST exist in a valid data store.
> > 
> >> leafref objects are allowed to point at non-existent
> >> nodes in YANG but this is not implementable on
> >> the agent.  If the pointed-at object is not present,
> >> then any object pointing at that object must also
> >> be removed from the agent (ripple out until done).
> > 
> > I assume you refer to leafrefs which point to leafs with if-feature?
> > As I wrote in the other email thread, I think this is a valid concern,
> > and we should fix it.  I prefer to keep the discussion in one email
> > thread though.
> > 
> >> YANG is already extremely difficult to learn.
> > 
> > I don't know what you base this on, and I don't know what do to with
> > this comment.  From my experience with pioneer YANG writers, I
> > disagree though.
> > 
> > 
> > /martin
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 17 06:31:35 2009
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Martin Bjorklund writes:
>Suppose /a[x=1] exists, and /b/y is 1.  Now if /a[x=1] is deleted,
>/b/y should be auto-deleted, right?  Does this mean that /b is
>auto-deleted as well?  This will indeed cause a delete ripple effect,
>which I think would be very confusing and bad.

Are you talking only about running?  In candidate, auto-deletion
of /b/y is not reasonable, since the user could immediate make/load
a new a[x=1].  The rules apply at validation time, so a workplace
like candidate can be invalid during the construction of a new
configuration.

Working backwards from there, running should be valid after each
edit-config, so an edit-config can deletes a[x=1] would make the
configuration invalid.  Is the best outcome to fail the operation
(if test-then-set) or to auto-delete to force the configuration to
be valid?

Thanks,
 Phil

From mbj@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 17 06:41:20 2009
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Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund writes:
> >Suppose /a[x=1] exists, and /b/y is 1.  Now if /a[x=1] is deleted,
> >/b/y should be auto-deleted, right?  Does this mean that /b is
> >auto-deleted as well?  This will indeed cause a delete ripple effect,
> >which I think would be very confusing and bad.
> 
> Are you talking only about running?  In candidate, auto-deletion
> of /b/y is not reasonable, since the user could immediate make/load
> a new a[x=1].  The rules apply at validation time, so a workplace
> like candidate can be invalid during the construction of a new
> configuration.

This is another reason for keeping the current behavior (i.e. no
auto-deletion).  If we compare with 'choice', cases are auto-deleted,
but it works the same in the candidate and running.  I don't think we
should introduce another flavor of auto-delete for leafrefs.


/martin



From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 17 06:41:58 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 03:13:34PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund writes:
> >Suppose /a[x=1] exists, and /b/y is 1.  Now if /a[x=1] is deleted,
> >/b/y should be auto-deleted, right?  Does this mean that /b is
> >auto-deleted as well?  This will indeed cause a delete ripple effect,
> >which I think would be very confusing and bad.
> 
> Are you talking only about running?  In candidate, auto-deletion
> of /b/y is not reasonable, since the user could immediate make/load
> a new a[x=1].  The rules apply at validation time, so a workplace
> like candidate can be invalid during the construction of a new
> configuration.
> 
> Working backwards from there, running should be valid after each
> edit-config, so an edit-config can deletes a[x=1] would make the
> configuration invalid.  Is the best outcome to fail the operation
> (if test-then-set) or to auto-delete to force the configuration to
> be valid?

My stomach says the operation should fail and we should ensure
referential integrity. If we do automatic deletions, then of course I
expect the same behaviour if I commit candidate to running at commit
time.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Mon Aug 17 06:48:49 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund writes:
>> Suppose /a[x=1] exists, and /b/y is 1.  Now if /a[x=1] is deleted,
>> /b/y should be auto-deleted, right?  Does this mean that /b is
>> auto-deleted as well?  This will indeed cause a delete ripple effect,
>> which I think would be very confusing and bad.
> 
> Are you talking only about running?  In candidate, auto-deletion
> of /b/y is not reasonable, since the user could immediate make/load
> a new a[x=1].  The rules apply at validation time, so a workplace
> like candidate can be invalid during the construction of a new
> configuration.
> 
> Working backwards from there, running should be valid after each
> edit-config, so an edit-config can deletes a[x=1] would make the
> configuration invalid.  Is the best outcome to fail the operation
> (if test-then-set) or to auto-delete to force the configuration to
> be valid?
> 

It comes down to a simple unix analogy:

Do we want "rm -r" or "rm -rf"?  (both of course)

I am thinking about a similar code-point with a 'delete-all' value
for the nc:operation attribute (for list and leaf-list).
We could use the --force option in NETCONF by adding another
enum to the nc:operation.  (We could bundle all the new tweaks
into 1 :newstuff-1.0 capability, instead of a bunch of independent
tiny enhancements).

The default in unix is "rm" (reject with error),
so that seems to favor Martin's outcome.  Done.

I like your twist -- put this in the commit check,
so a dangling leafref reference in candidate is not an error.
(should already be coded that way).


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Hi Gerhard,
> 
> in fact, I started the thread "mandatory mess" because of the weaselness
> of the crucial (interrelated) terms such as configuration database,
> mandatory/optional leaves and default values.
> 
> I have the impression that due to political requirements on vendor
> neutrality it is taboo to speak about any particular information model,
> but IMO this approach will backfire in the future - and the parallel
> discussion in NETCONF ML about database architecture seems to indicate
> the same thing.
> 
> A possible solution - still quite neutral - would be to define a base
> infomation model and then the various vendor representations of config
> datastores as views of this base model.
> 
> Anyway, for me a mandatory value is one that's required for the
> operation of a device or protocol and this definition is independent of
> whether there is any default value supplied either by the data model or
> "initial default configuration".
> 

I must say that I was surprised to find out that
mandatory doesn't mean the manager must provide a value.
That worries me, because if I do not want any default
in my data model, and I want all implementations of this model
to fail unless the mandatory node is set, there is no way to do that
in YANG.  Any agent is free to make up a value for a mandatory leaf.

This is not the same is pre-loading the /system or /interfaces
subtrees.  Lists and containers cannot have the mandatory-stmt.
They do not matter here.


> Lada
> 


Andy


> Gerhard Muenz píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 13:20 +0200:
>> Hi,
>>
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> There are several details in YANG that are legal,
>>>> yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
>>>> be supported on any NETCONF agent.
>>>>
>>>> Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
>>>> but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.
>>> I disagree.  See the email thread "mandatory mess".  If you have a
>>> top-level mandatory leaf, it MUST have a value in a valid database.
>>> So, when the system has started and the NETCONF i/f is up and running,
>>> the leaf MUST exist.  A user can then modify it, but not delete it.
>> Sorry that I have to ask again. I tried to explain the IPFIX use case in
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03297.html
>> I only got one answer by Phil which did not really clarify the issue.
>>
>> Up to now, I've thought that "mandatory" means "MUST be provided by the 
>> user". Apparently, this is not true for top-level nodes. I'm confused.
>>
>> Does "mandatory" mean that the agent will create the node if it is 
>> missing (i.e., not provided by the user)?
>> Is this a general rule or does this only apply to top-level nodes?
>>
>> For me, it is important to know if there is a difference because we have 
>> nodes in non-mandatory containers which will be created by the device if 
>> not created by the user. Do I have to declare them mandatory as well?
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Gerhard
>>
>>
>>>> If an agent is free to choose what mandatory means,
>>>> then since all YANG modules need to
>>>> work with all conforming NETCONF implementations,
>>>> the top-level cannot be mandatory.
>>> The agent is not free to choose what mandatory means.  It means that
>>> the leaf MUST exist in a valid data store.
>>>
>>>> leafref objects are allowed to point at non-existent
>>>> nodes in YANG but this is not implementable on
>>>> the agent.  If the pointed-at object is not present,
>>>> then any object pointing at that object must also
>>>> be removed from the agent (ripple out until done).
>>> I assume you refer to leafrefs which point to leafs with if-feature?
>>> As I wrote in the other email thread, I think this is a valid concern,
>>> and we should fix it.  I prefer to keep the discussion in one email
>>> thread though.
>>>
>>>> YANG is already extremely difficult to learn.
>>> I don't know what you base this on, and I don't know what do to with
>>> this comment.  From my experience with pioneer YANG writers, I
>>> disagree though.
>>>
>>>
>>> /martin
>> _______________________________________________
>> netmod mailing list
>> netmod@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> I must say that I was surprised to find out that
> mandatory doesn't mean the manager must provide a value.

The intention is that the manager must provide a value.

> That worries me, because if I do not want any default
> in my data model, and I want all implementations of this model
> to fail unless the mandatory node is set

Yes.

> there is no way to do that
> in YANG.  Any agent is free to make up a value for a mandatory leaf.

No, that is not the intention.

> This is not the same is pre-loading the /system or /interfaces
> subtrees.  Lists and containers cannot have the mandatory-stmt.
> They do not matter here.

But the leaf /system/sysName might be mandatory, and can be preloaded.


/martin



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Andy Bierman píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 06:56 -0700:

> I must say that I was surprised to find out that
> mandatory doesn't mean the manager must provide a value.
> That worries me, because if I do not want any default
> in my data model, and I want all implementations of this model
> to fail unless the mandatory node is set, there is no way to do that
> in YANG.  Any agent is free to make up a value for a mandatory leaf.

That's why I'd prefer to handle the defaults as a separate problem from
mandatory/optional. Parameters like MTU for an interface will most
likely be configured to a value even in a virgin device (or hardwired in
a dumb device), but in my view MTU is mandatory because the interface
cannot work without having the value.

Lada

> 
> This is not the same is pre-loading the /system or /interfaces
> subtrees.  Lists and containers cannot have the mandatory-stmt.
> They do not matter here.
> 
> 
> > Lada
> > 
> 
> 
> Andy
> 
> 
> > Gerhard Muenz píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 13:20 +0200:
> >> Hi,
> >>
> >> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> >>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >>>> There are several details in YANG that are legal,
> >>>> yet they represent data models which cannot possibly
> >>>> be supported on any NETCONF agent.
> >>>>
> >>>> Mandatory top-level nodes are allowed in YANG
> >>>> but not supportable in a NETCONF agent.
> >>> I disagree.  See the email thread "mandatory mess".  If you have a
> >>> top-level mandatory leaf, it MUST have a value in a valid database.
> >>> So, when the system has started and the NETCONF i/f is up and running,
> >>> the leaf MUST exist.  A user can then modify it, but not delete it.
> >> Sorry that I have to ask again. I tried to explain the IPFIX use case in
> >> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03297.html
> >> I only got one answer by Phil which did not really clarify the issue.
> >>
> >> Up to now, I've thought that "mandatory" means "MUST be provided by the 
> >> user". Apparently, this is not true for top-level nodes. I'm confused.
> >>
> >> Does "mandatory" mean that the agent will create the node if it is 
> >> missing (i.e., not provided by the user)?
> >> Is this a general rule or does this only apply to top-level nodes?
> >>
> >> For me, it is important to know if there is a difference because we have 
> >> nodes in non-mandatory containers which will be created by the device if 
> >> not created by the user. Do I have to declare them mandatory as well?
> >>
> >> Thanks,
> >> Gerhard
> >>
> >>
> >>>> If an agent is free to choose what mandatory means,
> >>>> then since all YANG modules need to
> >>>> work with all conforming NETCONF implementations,
> >>>> the top-level cannot be mandatory.
> >>> The agent is not free to choose what mandatory means.  It means that
> >>> the leaf MUST exist in a valid data store.
> >>>
> >>>> leafref objects are allowed to point at non-existent
> >>>> nodes in YANG but this is not implementable on
> >>>> the agent.  If the pointed-at object is not present,
> >>>> then any object pointing at that object must also
> >>>> be removed from the agent (ripple out until done).
> >>> I assume you refer to leafrefs which point to leafs with if-feature?
> >>> As I wrote in the other email thread, I think this is a valid concern,
> >>> and we should fix it.  I prefer to keep the discussion in one email
> >>> thread though.
> >>>
> >>>> YANG is already extremely difficult to learn.
> >>> I don't know what you base this on, and I don't know what do to with
> >>> this comment.  From my experience with pioneer YANG writers, I
> >>> disagree though.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> /martin
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> netmod mailing list
> >> netmod@ietf.org
> >> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Subject: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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Hi,

We know that we are trying to represent 3 states
with a boolean -- this has been brought in several
times in the past.

I do not want to replace 'mandatory' with 'agent-provided'.
Why not solve the problem instead of pretending it is
an agent implementation choice?  Because it isn't.
It is a data model designer's choice.

1) mandatory true means the manager must provide a value

2) 2 forms of default are needed:

OLD:

     default-stmt        = default-keyword sep string stmtend

NEW:

     default-stmt        = (agent-provided-keyword /
                            default-keyword sep string) stmtend

     agent-provided-keyword = 'agent-provided'

EXAMPLE:

  leaf A {
     description
       "manager must provide a value";
     type string;
     mandatory true;
  }

  leaf B {
     description
       "agent must provide a value if the manager does
        not provide one";
     type string;
     agent-default;
  }

  leaf C {
     description
         "agent must provide the specified default if the
          manager does not provide a value.";
     type string;
     default 'fred';
  }


IMO, this would solve the problem better than combining A and B.



Andy









From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 17 07:50:33 2009
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Hi,

after two weeks of vacations I don't dare to reply to any particular
post in this loooong thread. While I do believe the rules below could
work, I have to agree with Andy and Tom that they are far from
intuitive. Perhaps some simplification options should be considered, for
example: What if typedefs were only allowed at the top level of a
module? What are the use cases for having them elsewhere?

Lada

Martin Bjorklund píše v Pá 31. 07. 2009 v 16:55 +0200:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > I updated my example to show some of the ambiguities
> > that need to be cleared up.
> > 
> > It would be nice if there was a simple consistent rule
> > that applied to all statements, inside or outside a grouping,
> > and regardless of which module contains the uses-stmt.
> 
> This is what we came up with:
> 
>    o  The set of namespace declarations is the set of all "import"
>       statements' prefix and namespace pairs in the module where the
>       XPath expression is specified, and the "prefix" statement's prefix
>       for the "namespace" statement's URI.
> 
> This says that the prefix is bound to a namespace in the module where
> the must/when expression occurs.
> 
>    o  Names without a namespace prefix belong to the same namespace as
>       the identifier of the current node.  Inside a grouping that
>       namespace is affected by where the grouping is used (see
>       Section 7.12).
> 
> And in section 7.12:
> 
>    The identifiers defined in the grouping are not bound to a namespace
>    until the contents of the grouping are added to the schema tree via a
>    "uses" statement that does not appear inside a "grouping" statement,
>    a which point they are bound to the namespace of the current module.
> 
> 
> /martin
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 17 07:56:38 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>Parameters like MTU for an interface will most
>likely be configured to a value even in a virgin device (or hardwired in
>a dumb device), but in my view MTU is mandatory because the interface
>cannot work without having the value.

This makes a great example for explaining the YANG take on defaults
and mandatory.

An operating interface must have an MTU, but the configuration for
that MTU is not considered mandatory in YANG, since the device will
provide a default value if there is not one in the configuration.

Thanks,
 Phil

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 17 08:09:56 2009
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Andy Bierman píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 07:37 -0700:
> Hi,
> 
> We know that we are trying to represent 3 states
> with a boolean -- this has been brought in several
> times in the past.
> 
> I do not want to replace 'mandatory' with 'agent-provided'.
> Why not solve the problem instead of pretending it is
> an agent implementation choice?  Because it isn't.
> It is a data model designer's choice.

Another and IMO simpler option is to decouple mandatory/optional and
default:

1. A leaf is mandatory if it must be present in a valid configuration,
unless it is contained in a container with presence or a choice's case
(these two cases require special handling).

2. Default values defined in the data model is an indication for the
server about which values are to be suppressed when returning the
configuration in the mode with-defaults=false.

So if the factory setup of a device assumes valid configuration, all
mandatory leafs must be provided, either to a default specified in a
data model or to something else. Therefore, 'mandatory' and 'default'
wouldn't be mutually exclusive.

Lada
 
> 
> 1) mandatory true means the manager must provide a value
> 
> 2) 2 forms of default are needed:
> 
> OLD:
> 
>      default-stmt        = default-keyword sep string stmtend
> 
> NEW:
> 
>      default-stmt        = (agent-provided-keyword /
>                             default-keyword sep string) stmtend
> 
>      agent-provided-keyword = 'agent-provided'
> 
> EXAMPLE:
> 
>   leaf A {
>      description
>        "manager must provide a value";
>      type string;
>      mandatory true;
>   }
> 
>   leaf B {
>      description
>        "agent must provide a value if the manager does
>         not provide one";
>      type string;
>      agent-default;
>   }
> 
>   leaf C {
>      description
>          "agent must provide the specified default if the
>           manager does not provide a value.";
>      type string;
>      default 'fred';
>   }
> 
> 
> IMO, this would solve the problem better than combining A and B.
> 
> 
> 
> Andy
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 17 08:12:57 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>I do not want to replace 'mandatory' with 'agent-provided'.

s/agent/server/ or /system/

Using the term "agent" is SNMP-specific, and does not work with
folks who are not aware of the odd way this protocol used this term.
It is needlessly confusing and we are trying to move to more modern
terms.  In normal CS terminology, an agent is a semi-independent
piece of software that acts on behalf of a user, which is very
different from the "server" role that the netconf server performs.

The existing proposal for "assigned-by system" solves the problem
you are refering to.

Thanks,
 Phil

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 17 08:13:44 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 10:37 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >Parameters like MTU for an interface will most
> >likely be configured to a value even in a virgin device (or hardwired in
> >a dumb device), but in my view MTU is mandatory because the interface
> >cannot work without having the value.
> 
> This makes a great example for explaining the YANG take on defaults
> and mandatory.
> 
> An operating interface must have an MTU, but the configuration for
> that MTU is not considered mandatory in YANG, since the device will
> provide a default value if there is not one in the configuration.

What is the relationship of this "default value" to YANG 'default'
statement?

Lada

> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 17 08:39:54 2009
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Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2009 17:38:57 +0200
From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
To: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] YANG must work with NETCONF
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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 05:13:46PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Phil Shafer p????e v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 10:37 -0400:
> > Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> > >Parameters like MTU for an interface will most
> > >likely be configured to a value even in a virgin device (or hardwired in
> > >a dumb device), but in my view MTU is mandatory because the interface
> > >cannot work without having the value.
> > 
> > This makes a great example for explaining the YANG take on defaults
> > and mandatory.
> > 
> > An operating interface must have an MTU, but the configuration for
> > that MTU is not considered mandatory in YANG, since the device will
> > provide a default value if there is not one in the configuration.
> 
> What is the relationship of this "default value" to YANG 'default'
> statement?

None. If you plug a PCMCIA network card in your notebook, you will see
a suitable MTU - you did not configure it nor is it going to be the
same for all possible network cards.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 17 08:41:23 2009
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To: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>> An operating interface must have an MTU, but the configuration for
>> that MTU is not considered mandatory in YANG, since the device will
>> provide a default value if there is not one in the configuration.
>What is the relationship of this "default value" to YANG 'default'
>statement?

They are identical.

Thanks,
 Phil

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 17 08:42:24 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
To: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 05:09:51PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> 2. Default values defined in the data model is an indication for the
> server about which values are to be suppressed when returning the
> configuration in the mode with-defaults=false.

Sounds like we are designing something completely new now...

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 17 08:48:44 2009
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Date: Mon, 17 Aug 2009 11:30:30 -0400
From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>None. If you plug a PCMCIA network card in your notebook, you will see
>a suitable MTU - you did not configure it nor is it going to be the
>same for all possible network cards.

Depending on if the 'default' statement appears inside the model.
If the model has a default statement and the configuration was
made using this model, then the device should honor that model's
default value.

Thanks,
 Phil

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 17 09:14:55 2009
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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 05:30:30PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >None. If you plug a PCMCIA network card in your notebook, you will see
> >a suitable MTU - you did not configure it nor is it going to be the
> >same for all possible network cards.
> 
> Depending on if the 'default' statement appears inside the model.
> If the model has a default statement and the configuration was
> made using this model, then the device should honor that model's
> default value.

But in the example we discussed, such a default statement does not
make sense.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 17 10:59:55 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 17:38 +0200:
> On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 05:13:46PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Phil Shafer p????e v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 10:37 -0400:
> > > Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> > > >Parameters like MTU for an interface will most
> > > >likely be configured to a value even in a virgin device (or hardwired in
> > > >a dumb device), but in my view MTU is mandatory because the interface
> > > >cannot work without having the value.
> > > 
> > > This makes a great example for explaining the YANG take on defaults
> > > and mandatory.
> > > 
> > > An operating interface must have an MTU, but the configuration for
> > > that MTU is not considered mandatory in YANG, since the device will
> > > provide a default value if there is not one in the configuration.
> > 
> > What is the relationship of this "default value" to YANG 'default'
> > statement?
> 
> None. If you plug a PCMCIA network card in your notebook, you will see
> a suitable MTU - you did not configure it nor is it going to be the
> same for all possible network cards.

I think making the notion of mandatory dependent on manager actions is
broken, especially because there can be multiple managers. Say the "mtu"
leaf is declared mandatory in the data model and the device "calls home"
after being switched on and the vendor's manager application sets the
"mtu" parameter. Is it OK with respect to YANG rules? What's the
difference between mandatory and optional in this case?

I very much prefer the static notion of optional/mandatory that's common
in XML schema languages, which says whether the element must be present
in a valid document.

Lada

> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 17:42 +0200:
> On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 05:09:51PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>  
> > 2. Default values defined in the data model is an indication for the
> > server about which values are to be suppressed when returning the
> > configuration in the mode with-defaults=false.
> 
> Sounds like we are designing something completely new now...

I don't think so, I am just trying to give a precise meaning to the
'default' statement because YANG spec does it in a hand-waving way:

The "default" statement, which is optional, takes as an argument a
string which contains a default value for the leaf.

But apparently there are at least two types of default values and one of
them has nothing to do with the 'default' statement, as you said in
another mail.

Lada

> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 08:06:56PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > 
> > Sounds like we are designing something completely new now...
> 
> I don't think so, I am just trying to give a precise meaning to the
> 'default' statement because YANG spec does it in a hand-waving way:
> 
> The "default" statement, which is optional, takes as an argument a
> string which contains a default value for the leaf.

It has been clear to us I thought up until now that the YANG default
statement is like the SMIv2 DEFAULT clause except that the value is
binding. And here is another quote from YANG:

   If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is set
   to the value of the "default" statement.  Otherwise, if the leaf's
   type has a default value, and the leaf is not mandatory, then the
   leaf's default value is set to the type's default value.  In all
   other cases, the leaf does not have a default value.

   If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
   internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
   instance is created.

I think this is a much better quote than what you did select.

> But apparently there are at least two types of default values and one of
> them has nothing to do with the 'default' statement, as you said in
> another mail.

There are system assigned values and yes a system assigned value is
not the same as a default. The MTU of an interface is system assigned
based on the system's knowledge of the hardware.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Phil Shafer píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 11:22 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >> An operating interface must have an MTU, but the configuration for
> >> that MTU is not considered mandatory in YANG, since the device will
> >> provide a default value if there is not one in the configuration.
> >What is the relationship of this "default value" to YANG 'default'
> >statement?
> 
> They are identical.

If there is no 'default' statement in the data model, perhaps because
there is no single "right" default value, the "vendor default" may
(must) still be set, if I understand you correctly. So they are not
identical.

Lada

> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Phil Shafer píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 11:30 -0400:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >None. If you plug a PCMCIA network card in your notebook, you will see
> >a suitable MTU - you did not configure it nor is it going to be the
> >same for all possible network cards.
> 
> Depending on if the 'default' statement appears inside the model.
> If the model has a default statement and the configuration was
> made using this model, then the device should honor that model's
> default value.

Where is this specified?

Lada

> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 20:30 +0200:
> On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 08:06:56PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > > 
> > > Sounds like we are designing something completely new now...
> > 
> > I don't think so, I am just trying to give a precise meaning to the
> > 'default' statement because YANG spec does it in a hand-waving way:
> > 
> > The "default" statement, which is optional, takes as an argument a
> > string which contains a default value for the leaf.
> 
> It has been clear to us I thought up until now that the YANG default
> statement is like the SMIv2 DEFAULT clause except that the value is
> binding. And here is another quote from YANG:
> 
>    If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is set
>    to the value of the "default" statement.  Otherwise, if the leaf's
>    type has a default value, and the leaf is not mandatory, then the
>    leaf's default value is set to the type's default value.  In all
>    other cases, the leaf does not have a default value.
> 
>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>    instance is created.
> 
> I think this is a much better quote than what you did select.

The problem is with "the NETCONF client". If I wanted to work around any
defaults specified in the data model, I would equip my device with a
script declared as "built-in NETCONF client" that automatically creates
the instances a sets their value to anything within the limits of the
datatypes. This satisfies the above requirement but from the human
user's point of view the defaults specified in the data model mean
nothing.

Lada

> 
> > But apparently there are at least two types of default values and one of
> > them has nothing to do with the 'default' statement, as you said in
> > another mail.
> 
> There are system assigned values and yes a system assigned value is
> not the same as a default. The MTU of an interface is system assigned
> based on the system's knowledge of the hardware.
> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 17 12:04:58 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 07:59:21PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> I think making the notion of mandatory dependent on manager actions is
> broken, especially because there can be multiple managers. Say the "mtu"
> leaf is declared mandatory in the data model and the device "calls home"
> after being switched on and the vendor's manager application sets the
> "mtu" parameter. Is it OK with respect to YANG rules? What's the
> difference between mandatory and optional in this case?

Section 7.6.4 spells out what mandatory means. Can you phrase your
question relative to the text in 7.6.4?
 
> I very much prefer the static notion of optional/mandatory that's common
> in XML schema languages, which says whether the element must be present
> in a valid document.

I think this is what section 7.6.4 says. It establishes an existance
constraint on leafs. What is wrong with that?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 17 12:11:09 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>> >What is the relationship of this "default value" to YANG 'default'
>> >statement?
>> 
>> They are identical.
>
>If there is no 'default' statement in the data model, perhaps because
>there is no single "right" default value, the "vendor default" may
>(must) still be set, if I understand you correctly. So they are not
>identical.

Yup, if there's no default statement in the data model, they are not
identical, and there's no relationship (since having a relationship
with something that does not exist is difficult).

Thanks,
 Phil

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 17 12:15:01 2009
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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 09:03:53PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> The problem is with "the NETCONF client". If I wanted to work around
> any defaults specified in the data model, I would equip my device
> with a script declared as "built-in NETCONF client" that
> automatically creates the instances a sets their value to anything
> within the limits of the datatypes. This satisfies the above
> requirement but from the human user's point of view the defaults
> specified in the data model mean nothing.

You are having a problem that can't be fixed with a specification.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 17 12:24:57 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 21:04 +0200:
> On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 07:59:21PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>  
> > I think making the notion of mandatory dependent on manager actions is
> > broken, especially because there can be multiple managers. Say the "mtu"
> > leaf is declared mandatory in the data model and the device "calls home"
> > after being switched on and the vendor's manager application sets the
> > "mtu" parameter. Is it OK with respect to YANG rules? What's the
> > difference between mandatory and optional in this case?
> 
> Section 7.6.4 spells out what mandatory means. Can you phrase your
> question relative to the text in 7.6.4?
>  
> > I very much prefer the static notion of optional/mandatory that's common
> > in XML schema languages, which says whether the element must be present
> > in a valid document.
> 
> I think this is what section 7.6.4 says. It establishes an existance
> constraint on leafs. What is wrong with that?

Nothing, and I am perfectly fine with it, but it also doesn't say that
mandatory leafs must be set by the manager, unless "MUST exist" means
that.

Lada

> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From mbj@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 17 12:26:12 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> We know that we are trying to represent 3 states
> with a boolean -- this has been brought in several
> times in the past.
> 
> I do not want to replace 'mandatory' with 'agent-provided'.
> Why not solve the problem instead of pretending it is
> an agent implementation choice?  Because it isn't.
> It is a data model designer's choice.

While I agree with all this, I think the consensus was to not include
a specific statement for this in YANG 1.0.  See the ML thread starting
at http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01622.html.

I think the approach taken by Gerhard in the ipfix module is what can
be done in YANG 1.0 - i.e. make the leaf optional and describe the
behavior in the description clause.


/martin

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 17 12:36:02 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 21:14 +0200:
> On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 09:03:53PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>  
> > The problem is with "the NETCONF client". If I wanted to work around
> > any defaults specified in the data model, I would equip my device
> > with a script declared as "built-in NETCONF client" that
> > automatically creates the instances a sets their value to anything
> > within the limits of the datatypes. This satisfies the above
> > requirement but from the human user's point of view the defaults
> > specified in the data model mean nothing.
> 
> You are having a problem that can't be fixed with a specification.

I don't have any problem. The question is:

1. Do we want to enforce the defaults in the data model on vendors? In
my view, this is hopeless, see above.

2. Do we want to use defaults in the data model as a mean for
simplifying configurations presented to clients? This will work fine: if
the value is missing in a get-config reply, ANY client will know that
the default value is implied.

Lada

> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 09:24:38PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder p????e v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 21:04 +0200:
> > On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 07:59:21PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> >  
> > > I think making the notion of mandatory dependent on manager actions is
> > > broken, especially because there can be multiple managers. Say the "mtu"
> > > leaf is declared mandatory in the data model and the device "calls home"
> > > after being switched on and the vendor's manager application sets the
> > > "mtu" parameter. Is it OK with respect to YANG rules? What's the
> > > difference between mandatory and optional in this case?
> > 
> > Section 7.6.4 spells out what mandatory means. Can you phrase your
> > question relative to the text in 7.6.4?
> >  
> > > I very much prefer the static notion of optional/mandatory that's common
> > > in XML schema languages, which says whether the element must be present
> > > in a valid document.
> > 
> > I think this is what section 7.6.4 says. It establishes an existance
> > constraint on leafs. What is wrong with that?
> 
> Nothing, and I am perfectly fine with it, but it also doesn't say that
> mandatory leafs must be set by the manager, unless "MUST exist" means
> that.

Mandatory leafs must exist in a valid configuration. We agree on that
I think and it seems we even agree that the text in the ID is fine.

The remaining discussion how those leafs are created is more a
philosophical discussion about what configuration is in the first
place. Some people argue configuration is all information needed to
make a (sub)system work while others argue that a (sub)system has a
default behaviour that is not part of the (sub)system's configuration
as long as it is not changed or set explicitely. As far as I know,
this is currently best explained in the :with-defaults document.

Unfortunately, the world has not yet reached agreement on a common
definition what configuration really is and as long as this does not
happen, we will not have a final answer about questions such as "who
creates mandatory leafs". So what are our options?

a) Agree on a common definition what configuration is. This would
   solve many problems - but it might be hard to find agreement.

b) Accept 2-3 different definitions and be explicit what things mean
   according to systems following the different approaches. Not nice,
   lots of work, looks complicated (like the real world).

c) Ignore the differences and leave some details open to variations in
   implementation.

This last approach allows us to get started in a timely manner.  It
might cause additional work later down the road if this technology
gets widely used - but this is perhaps goodness because some of this
is going to be easier to understand with more implementation and usage
experience and perhaps we can have BCPs that describe how to best
practice documents what configuration really is or should be.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 09:36:04PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder p????e v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 21:14 +0200:
> > On Mon, Aug 17, 2009 at 09:03:53PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> >  
> > > The problem is with "the NETCONF client". If I wanted to work around
> > > any defaults specified in the data model, I would equip my device
> > > with a script declared as "built-in NETCONF client" that
> > > automatically creates the instances a sets their value to anything
> > > within the limits of the datatypes. This satisfies the above
> > > requirement but from the human user's point of view the defaults
> > > specified in the data model mean nothing.
> > 
> > You are having a problem that can't be fixed with a specification.
> 
> I don't have any problem.

Good to hear.

> The question is:
> 
> 1. Do we want to enforce the defaults in the data model on vendors? In
> my view, this is hopeless, see above.

As hopeless as a SHOULD or MUST - everything can be ignored. The power
of specifications has clear limits and if an implementation argues to
have an embedded manager that does surprising things to defaults, well
let the market decide.

Yes, the default statement is a very sharp tool as are must and when
statements. I am sure we will have to pay some price while learning
how to use these tools and perhaps there will be a BCP after a few
years explaining when it is safe to use these tools and when not.

> 2. Do we want to use defaults in the data model as a mean for
> simplifying configurations presented to clients? This will work fine: if
> the value is missing in a get-config reply, ANY client will know that
> the default value is implied.

This is for me a completely new definition of the default statement
and it only makes sense to some interpretations what configuration
data really is. So I am not in favour - I would rather drop the
default statement altogether instead of using it as a filter.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 21:55 +0200:
> 
> a) Agree on a common definition what configuration is. This would
>    solve many problems - but it might be hard to find agreement.
> 
> b) Accept 2-3 different definitions and be explicit what things mean
>    according to systems following the different approaches. Not nice,
>    lots of work, looks complicated (like the real world).
> 
> c) Ignore the differences and leave some details open to variations in
>    implementation.
> 
> This last approach allows us to get started in a timely manner.  It
> might cause additional work later down the road if this technology
> gets widely used - but this is perhaps goodness because some of this
> is going to be easier to understand with more implementation and usage
> experience and perhaps we can have BCPs that describe how to best
> practice documents what configuration really is or should be.

Well, it means that I would always write the model for network interface
with "mtu" declared as mandatory (because this configuration parameter
must be present in every valid configuration) but Phil would leave it as
optional, as he suggested. I think this is a problem.

My preference is clearly (a). The fact that one approach just presents a
diff against a system-assigned configuration can be accomodated in this
scenario.

Lada
 

Lada

> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 22:15 +0200:
> 
> > 2. Do we want to use defaults in the data model as a mean for
> > simplifying configurations presented to clients? This will work fine: if
> > the value is missing in a get-config reply, ANY client will know that
> > the default value is implied.
> 
> This is for me a completely new definition of the default statement
> and it only makes sense to some interpretations what configuration
> data really is. So I am not in favour - I would rather drop the
> default statement altogether instead of using it as a filter.

Hmm, for me the main purpose of the 'default' statement has been so far
that it makes certain parameters available to the with-defaults
capability. If it is not so, I am seriously confused.

Lada

> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Tue Aug 18 02:50:06 2009
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On Tue, Aug 18, 2009 at 10:56:59AM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder p????e v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 22:15 +0200:
> > 
> > > 2. Do we want to use defaults in the data model as a mean for
> > > simplifying configurations presented to clients? This will work fine: if
> > > the value is missing in a get-config reply, ANY client will know that
> > > the default value is implied.
> > 
> > This is for me a completely new definition of the default statement
> > and it only makes sense to some interpretations what configuration
> > data really is. So I am not in favour - I would rather drop the
> > default statement altogether instead of using it as a filter.
> 
> Hmm, for me the main purpose of the 'default' statement has been so far
> that it makes certain parameters available to the with-defaults
> capability. If it is not so, I am seriously confused.

We need to discuss what is in the document and not interpretations of
it.  Which text in draft-ietf-netmod-yang-07 makes you believe the
default statement acts as a magic filter for :with-defaults? Section
7.6. I think spells out what a default does to a leaf:

   If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
   internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
   instance is created.

It does not talk about filtering. And section 1.2 of
draft-ietf-netconf-with-defaults-03 explains the different ways server
deal with default config data - trim is only one out of three options.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 18 04:00:07 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 21:55 +0200:
>> a) Agree on a common definition what configuration is. This would
>>    solve many problems - but it might be hard to find agreement.
>>
>> b) Accept 2-3 different definitions and be explicit what things mean
>>    according to systems following the different approaches. Not nice,
>>    lots of work, looks complicated (like the real world).
>>
>> c) Ignore the differences and leave some details open to variations in
>>    implementation.
>>
>> This last approach allows us to get started in a timely manner.  It
>> might cause additional work later down the road if this technology
>> gets widely used - but this is perhaps goodness because some of this
>> is going to be easier to understand with more implementation and usage
>> experience and perhaps we can have BCPs that describe how to best
>> practice documents what configuration really is or should be.
> 
> Well, it means that I would always write the model for network interface
> with "mtu" declared as mandatory (because this configuration parameter
> must be present in every valid configuration) but Phil would leave it as
> optional, as he suggested. I think this is a problem.
> 
> My preference is clearly (a). The fact that one approach just presents a
> diff against a system-assigned configuration can be accomodated in this
> scenario.


I agree with Lada's interpretation of mandatory.


> Lada
>  
> 

Andy


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Tue Aug 18 04:42:55 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 11:41 +0200:
> On Tue, Aug 18, 2009 at 10:56:59AM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Juergen Schoenwaelder p????e v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 22:15 +0200:
> > > 
> > > > 2. Do we want to use defaults in the data model as a mean for
> > > > simplifying configurations presented to clients? This will work fine: if
> > > > the value is missing in a get-config reply, ANY client will know that
> > > > the default value is implied.
> > > 
> > > This is for me a completely new definition of the default statement
> > > and it only makes sense to some interpretations what configuration
> > > data really is. So I am not in favour - I would rather drop the
> > > default statement altogether instead of using it as a filter.
> > 
> > Hmm, for me the main purpose of the 'default' statement has been so far
> > that it makes certain parameters available to the with-defaults
> > capability. If it is not so, I am seriously confused.
> 
> We need to discuss what is in the document and not interpretations of
> it.  Which text in draft-ietf-netmod-yang-07 makes you believe the
> default statement acts as a magic filter for :with-defaults? Section

draft-ietf-netconf-with-defaults-03: "Default values SHOULD be specified
in documents describing the data models supported by the NETCONF
server."

It is IMO a mistake that YANG draft completely ignores this function.
Without it, the 'default' statement is pretty much useless and serves
only as a source for confusion.

> 7.6. I think spells out what a default does to a leaf:
> 
>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>    instance is created.

Again, this sentence is carefully formulated to avoid any reference to a
particular information model and is therefore ambiguous. What "use
internally" means in terms of configuration datastores? Is it OK if a
device in the factory default state has the DM-default value in the
startup datastore and another value in running? Or the other way around?
In both cases the default value is "used internally". What about the
"built-in NETCONF client" trick, or another form of
NETCONF-client-in-the-middle?
 
As a result, the sentence provides actually no guarantees that the
default value will really appear in any particular datastore when the
device completes the boot procedure.

Lada
 
> 
> It does not talk about filtering. And section 1.2 of
> draft-ietf-netconf-with-defaults-03 explains the different ways server
> deal with default config data - trim is only one out of three options.
> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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On Tue, Aug 18, 2009 at 01:16:03PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> It is IMO a mistake that YANG draft completely ignores this function.
> Without it, the 'default' statement is pretty much useless and serves
> only as a source for confusion.

Well, we do not have to agree.
 
> > 7.6. I think spells out what a default does to a leaf:
> > 
> >    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
> >    instance is created.
> 
> Again, this sentence is carefully formulated to avoid any reference to a
> particular information model and is therefore ambiguous. What "use
> internally" means in terms of configuration datastores? Is it OK if a
> device in the factory default state has the DM-default value in the
> startup datastore and another value in running? Or the other way around?
> In both cases the default value is "used internally". What about the
> "built-in NETCONF client" trick, or another form of
> NETCONF-client-in-the-middle?
>  
> As a result, the sentence provides actually no guarantees that the
> default value will really appear in any particular datastore when the
> device completes the boot procedure.

The server MUST use this value internally if no value is provided by
the NETCONF client when the instance is created. You can always use
the "built-in NETCONF client" trick to arbitrary things and I do not
think a specification can prevent this. In Phils interpretation,
however, such a "built-in NETCONF client" would leave explicit config
around - so things become visible.

I do not think we make progress so I stop here.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 11:41 +0200:
>> On Tue, Aug 18, 2009 at 10:56:59AM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>> Juergen Schoenwaelder p????e v Po 17. 08. 2009 v 22:15 +0200:
>>>>> 2. Do we want to use defaults in the data model as a mean for
>>>>> simplifying configurations presented to clients? This will work fine: if
>>>>> the value is missing in a get-config reply, ANY client will know that
>>>>> the default value is implied.
>>>> This is for me a completely new definition of the default statement
>>>> and it only makes sense to some interpretations what configuration
>>>> data really is. So I am not in favour - I would rather drop the
>>>> default statement altogether instead of using it as a filter.
>>> Hmm, for me the main purpose of the 'default' statement has been so far
>>> that it makes certain parameters available to the with-defaults
>>> capability. If it is not so, I am seriously confused.
>> We need to discuss what is in the document and not interpretations of
>> it.  Which text in draft-ietf-netmod-yang-07 makes you believe the
>> default statement acts as a magic filter for :with-defaults? Section
> 
> draft-ietf-netconf-with-defaults-03: "Default values SHOULD be specified
> in documents describing the data models supported by the NETCONF
> server."
> 
> It is IMO a mistake that YANG draft completely ignores this function.
> Without it, the 'default' statement is pretty much useless and serves
> only as a source for confusion.
> 
>> 7.6. I think spells out what a default does to a leaf:
>>
>>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>>    instance is created.
> 
> Again, this sentence is carefully formulated to avoid any reference to a
> particular information model and is therefore ambiguous. What "use
> internally" means in terms of configuration datastores? Is it OK if a
> device in the factory default state has the DM-default value in the
> startup datastore and another value in running? Or the other way around?
> In both cases the default value is "used internally". What about the
> "built-in NETCONF client" trick, or another form of
> NETCONF-client-in-the-middle?
>  
> As a result, the sentence provides actually no guarantees that the
> default value will really appear in any particular datastore when the
> device completes the boot procedure.
> 

I share your concern.

The standard gives the impression that there is going to be
some sort of consistent behavior across implementations,
yet nothing could be further from the truth.

I can't believe with all the little esoteric machine-clauses
in YANG, that the best this WG can do is leave this issue
up to the description clauses.  There are 3 agreed upon
states, but only 2 of them need machine-readable clauses?
Which means that 2 of the 3 modes are ambiguous and worthless
to managers.



> Lada


Andy

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Subject: [netmod] terminology (was Re:  agent-default -- new 3rd state)
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> I do not want to replace 'mandatory' with 'agent-provided'.
> 
> s/agent/server/ or /system/
> 
> Using the term "agent" is SNMP-specific, and does not work with
> folks who are not aware of the odd way this protocol used this term.
> It is needlessly confusing and we are trying to move to more modern
> terms.  In normal CS terminology, an agent is a semi-independent
> piece of software that acts on behalf of a user, which is very
> different from the "server" role that the netconf server performs.
> 


I do not agree with this terminology rule.

Manager and agent are network management specific, not SNMP specific.

I do not see any value forcing the use of the generic 'client/server' terms.

The NETCONF RFC says manager <--> client and agent <--> server,
so there is no need to change any text.  We can use either terminology.
Both are acceptable.


> The existing proposal for "assigned-by system" solves the problem
> you are refering to.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 18 06:31:56 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 18, 2009 at 01:16:03PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>  
>> It is IMO a mistake that YANG draft completely ignores this function.
>> Without it, the 'default' statement is pretty much useless and serves
>> only as a source for confusion.
> 
> Well, we do not have to agree.
>  
>>> 7.6. I think spells out what a default does to a leaf:
>>>
>>>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>>>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>>>    instance is created.
>> Again, this sentence is carefully formulated to avoid any reference to a
>> particular information model and is therefore ambiguous. What "use
>> internally" means in terms of configuration datastores? Is it OK if a
>> device in the factory default state has the DM-default value in the
>> startup datastore and another value in running? Or the other way around?
>> In both cases the default value is "used internally". What about the
>> "built-in NETCONF client" trick, or another form of
>> NETCONF-client-in-the-middle?
>>  
>> As a result, the sentence provides actually no guarantees that the
>> default value will really appear in any particular datastore when the
>> device completes the boot procedure.
> 
> The server MUST use this value internally if no value is provided by
> the NETCONF client when the instance is created. You can always use
> the "built-in NETCONF client" trick to arbitrary things and I do not
> think a specification can prevent this. In Phils interpretation,
> however, such a "built-in NETCONF client" would leave explicit config
> around - so things become visible.
> 
> I do not think we make progress so I stop here.
> 

We are confusing implementations of data models
and specification of data models.

The data model designer needs a way to indicate
that the model does not allow for any implementation
of the model to use an unspecified value.

  create-interface(name)
  ping(host-addr)

I don't care what the statement is called.
It is useful for automation tools to know
that the agent MUST NOT provide a value for a mandatory leaf.

The ifMtu object would have a default-stmt if there
was a static default.  Calling this object mandatory
is wrong.  Calling it optional is wrong.
What about calling it 'dynamic-default'?
(Then mandatory means manager-must-set.)
This is an important use-case that is going to
show up  a lot.



> /js
> 

Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> The data model designer needs a way to indicate
> that the model does not allow for any implementation
> of the model to use an unspecified value.

Absolutely.  It is called 'mandatory'.


/martin

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Please send me some suggestion for text to include!
> > 
> 
> (Here's what yangdump checks anyway -- maybe there
> is more to it than this...)
> 
> leafref node ==> leaf containing a leafref type
> target leaf ==> leaf pointed at by a leafref path statement
> 
> 
> The leafref node cannot be more conditional than
> the target leaf.

Hmm.  It should be the other way around, right?

   list x {
     if-feature foo;
     key y;
     ...
   }
   leaf xref { // legal
     if-feature foo;
     if-feature bar;
     type leafref { path /x/y; }
   }
   leaf xref2 {  // illegal
     type leafref { path /x/y; }
   }

How about this:

  If the leaf that the leafref refers to is conditional based on one
  or more features (see ^if-feature^), then the leaf with the leafref
  type MUST also be conditional based on at least the same set of
  features.


/martin

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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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I have been watching this debate, which appears to consist of people 
talking past each other.

Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree 
with Andy and Juergen.  (As a caveat, I use "means" below to indicate 
what I think the YANG text explicitly requires.)

1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the tree, 
the manager MUST provide a value for that item.

2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item will 
have the explicit value given in the default clause in the data model.

So the question is what to do with a value that must have an item, but 
which the system will generate a value if one is not provided, and which 
the data model writer can not define that value in advance?

To remove a corner case, if the manager is not allowed to set the item, 
then it is not config data, and this whole debate is irrelevant.  We are 
talking only about config data.

As far as I can tell, when the mandatory and default clauses were 
defined, we did not think about this case.  (Or, if some folks thought 
about it, it was not discussed and articulated.)  As a result, it is 
simply not covered.

There are, as far as I can tell, a couple of ways out, of varying 
attractiveness.

1) We can follow Andy's suggestion and create a keyword to represent 
this case.

2) We can add words to say that this case will NOT use Mandatory, will 
not use Default, and that instead the description clause will tell the 
human being what value is likely to be found here.  As far as I can 
tell, nothing in the YANG document prevents the system from setting 
values that have not been set by managers and which are not Mandatory. 
Since the system will provide a value, this would work.  It means that 
from an automaton perspective, the model does not distinguish between 
things the system sets and things that are truly optional.

3) We could do nothing and say nothing in the document.  This would seem 
to be a mistake, because different model writers and different manager / 
agent implementors will do different things.  Interoperability is likely 
to fail.  (Given that we have differing interpretations already 
demonstrated on the list, I think "likely" is an understatement.)

Personally, I would go with 1.  But I can live with 2.

Yours,
Joel


Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> The data model designer needs a way to indicate
>> that the model does not allow for any implementation
>> of the model to use an unspecified value.
> 
> Absolutely.  It is called 'mandatory'.
> 
> 
> /martin
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Tue Aug 18 07:05:06 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] terminology (was Re:  agent-default -- new 3rd state)
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On Tue, Aug 18, 2009 at 02:47:08PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> The NETCONF RFC says manager <--> client and agent <--> server,
> so there is no need to change any text.  We can use either terminology.
> Both are acceptable.

Which page of RFC 4741 do I have to look at?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Tue Aug 18 07:36:38 2009
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Joel M. Halpern píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 09:56 -0400:

> 1) We can follow Andy's suggestion and create a keyword to represent 
> this case.
> 
> 2) We can add words to say that this case will NOT use Mandatory, will 
> not use Default, and that instead the description clause will tell the 
> human being what value is likely to be found here.  As far as I can 
> tell, nothing in the YANG document prevents the system from setting 
> values that have not been set by managers and which are not Mandatory. 
> Since the system will provide a value, this would work.  It means that 
> from an automaton perspective, the model does not distinguish between 
> things the system sets and things that are truly optional.
> 
> 3) We could do nothing and say nothing in the document.  This would seem 
> to be a mistake, because different model writers and different manager / 
> agent implementors will do different things.  Interoperability is likely 
> to fail.  (Given that we have differing interpretations already 
> demonstrated on the list, I think "likely" is an understatement.)

I think there is yet another possibility:

4) Using the rules for "mandatory" in Sec. 3.1, the device MUST
determine the minimum valid configuration and make sure all mandatory
leaves in the "running" configuration are initialized with values that
are valid according to the data model. These system-assigned values
SHOULD be described in system documentation. 

Lada

> 
> Personally, I would go with 1.  But I can live with 2.
> 
> Yours,
> Joel
> 
> 
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> The data model designer needs a way to indicate
> >> that the model does not allow for any implementation
> >> of the model to use an unspecified value.
> > 
> > Absolutely.  It is called 'mandatory'.
> > 
> > 
> > /martin
> > _______________________________________________
> > netmod mailing list
> > netmod@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> > 
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
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From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 18 07:45:13 2009
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"Joel M. Halpern" writes:
>I have been watching this debate, which appears to consist of people 
>talking past each other.

We have a rich history of such debates.

>Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree 
>with Andy and Juergen.

My understanding was that Andy and Juergen did not agree here.

>1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the tree, 
>the manager MUST provide a value for that item.

Sort of.  With candidate, there's no validation until the commit
operation, so a valid configuration MUST contain a value, but
when and how it appears is flexible (meaning that I can do one
edit-config operation to make that part of the tree, and then
another operation to populate some missing mandatory values.

Running is more straight-forward, since the configuration must
be valid after each operation.

>2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item will 
>have the explicit value given in the default clause in the data model.

And this issue here is what "the item will have" means.  Will this
node appear in the database or not?  Is the default implicit or
does it become part of the configuration?  If you didn't set "mtu"
but there's a default, will a get return that default?

>As far as I can tell, when the mandatory and default clauses were 
>defined, we did not think about this case.  (Or, if some folks thought 
>about it, it was not discussed and articulated.)  As a result, it is 
>simply not covered.

I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:

http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622

I am personally in favor of this, but the concensus was not.  The
issue is still marked open, so perhaps it's time for another concensus
call?

Thanks,
 Phil

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Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
> 
> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622
> 
> I am personally in favor of this, but the concensus was not.  The
> issue is still marked open, so perhaps it's time for another concensus
> call?

I'm also in favor of this, but I'm not sure I want to re-open the
concensus call.  See the email
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01622.html for
some open issues.  My main concern is that if we add this it will
delay the process.  This is a known issue, and the WG decided to not
add any more features.  This issue was known at the time.  There are
more nice to haves that could be added, but at some point we have to
stop.


/martin

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Andy Bierman writes:
>The NETCONF RFC says manager <--> client and agent <--> server,
>so there is no need to change any text.  We can use either terminology.

In 4741, the term "agent" appears only one, in the section on filters
that you wrote.  I think this is a typo that Rob missed.  By contrast,
the term "client" appears dozens of times.  The YANG draft avoids
the term "agent" completely.

Googling for "network management agent" yields snmp-related pages,
as well as many references to "agents" in the modern sense:

    An Agent-Based Network Management System
       This paper describes ongoing research work to build a network
       management system from autonomous software agents, using the
       BT Zeus Agent Building Toolkit.

So even if the NM world, the term is confusing.

I firmly believe this is an SNMP-specific term, perhaps reanimated
from GDMO, that is confusing to non-snmp folks.  We should bury it.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 18 08:02:56 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>4) Using the rules for "mandatory" in Sec. 3.1, the device MUST
>determine the minimum valid configuration and make sure all mandatory
>leaves in the "running" configuration are initialized with values that
>are valid according to the data model. These system-assigned values
>SHOULD be described in system documentation. 

This is a completely different concept of "mandatory" than what
YANG has.  YANG's mandatory is a contraint on the contents of the
configuration database.

Your concept is rather the opposite, telling the device to create
values when none is provided.   I think this is a non-starter, since
the instances where I want the system to assign a value are very
very rare.

If we adopted your concept, how would you represent the current
"mandatory", where the device cannot determine a valid value?

If I made "first-name" mandatory under a list of <user>s, how
would the value be determined?

Thanks,
 Phil

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Tue Aug 18 08:04:55 2009
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I could certainly live with adding "agent-supplied value", or 
"assigned-by-system."
I understand Martin's argument for not adding a new feature.

But if we are not going to add a feature, then I think we MUST (in the 
ineroperability sense) add some words that explain how this is supposed 
to work.  It is quite clear that people understand it differently. 
(Ladislav's understanding of how one could use Mandatory for this is 
just one example.  I do not read the text as allowing the behavior he 
understand in good faith to be correct and appropraite.)

Yours,
Joel


Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
>> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
>>
>> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622
>>
>> I am personally in favor of this, but the concensus was not.  The
>> issue is still marked open, so perhaps it's time for another concensus
>> call?
> 
> I'm also in favor of this, but I'm not sure I want to re-open the
> concensus call.  See the email
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01622.html for
> some open issues.  My main concern is that if we add this it will
> delay the process.  This is a known issue, and the WG decided to not
> add any more features.  This issue was known at the time.  There are
> more nice to haves that could be added, but at some point we have to
> stop.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Tue Aug 18 09:59:30 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 10:45 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >4) Using the rules for "mandatory" in Sec. 3.1, the device MUST
> >determine the minimum valid configuration and make sure all mandatory
> >leaves in the "running" configuration are initialized with values that
> >are valid according to the data model. These system-assigned values
> >SHOULD be described in system documentation. 
> 
> This is a completely different concept of "mandatory" than what
> YANG has.  YANG's mandatory is a contraint on the contents of the
> configuration database.

Right, from sec. 3.1 and 7.6.4 it follows that all mandatory leafs MUST
exist (and I understand this as "MUST exist for the configuration to be
valid"). Therefore, the initial configuration can be valid only if all
mandatory leafs (and, transitively, all mandatory nodes) exist. Why is
my formulation "a completely different concept"? Do you want to allow an
initial configuration that is invalid?

> 
> Your concept is rather the opposite, telling the device to create
> values when none is provided.   I think this is a non-starter, since

No, this is only relevant for the mandatory leafs in the minimum valid
configuration, essentialy those that are either top-level or reachable
from the root node through non-presence containers or lists with
min-elements>0. For everything else that is added later via edit-config
operations, the client must always supply all mandatory nodes so that
the resulting configuration is again valid.

> the instances where I want the system to assign a value are very
> very rare.

Sure, the minimum valid configuration can also be empty.
 
> 
> If we adopted your concept, how would you represent the current
> "mandatory", where the device cannot determine a valid value?

Either as optional without any default specified, or, if the device
really cannot operate without it, it would be defined as mandatory, but
then the device must not start the NETCONF subsystem before such a value
is provided by other means, perhaps by editing a file or via an initial
configuration dialog.

> 
> If I made "first-name" mandatory under a list of <user>s, how
> would the value be determined?

If the list has min-elements=0, the device will start with an empty list
(which is valid configuration), and then of course every edit-config
operation that adds an entry must provide "first-name" for the entry. If
the data model specifies min-elements=1, then the device should add "Joe
Admin" or start an initial setup dialog the fills the first entry.

But in my view every device must have a valid running configuration as
soon as it starts accepting NETCONF sessions and so all mandatory nodes
must be present at that time.

Lada
 
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>Phil Shafer píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 10:45 -0400:
>> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>> >4) Using the rules for "mandatory" in Sec. 3.1, the device MUST
>> >determine the minimum valid configuration and make sure all mandatory
>> >leaves in the "running" configuration are initialized with values that
>> >are valid according to the data model. These system-assigned values
>> >SHOULD be described in system documentation. 
>... Why is
>my formulation "a completely different concept"? Do you want to allow an
>initial configuration that is invalid?

Sorry.  My bad.  I completely missed that you are talking about
initial configurations.  The comment "the device MUST ... make sure
all mandatory leaves ... are initialized with values" confused me,
since this sounds like the device must fill in those values.  You
are just saying that <running> should be valid when the box boots
up, and I agree with this.

Thanks,
 Phil

From cfinss@dial.pipex.com  Tue Aug 18 10:47:09 2009
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From: "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
To: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, August 17, 2009 11:02 AM
>
> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> >
> > 'top-level' appears many times in the i-d and I would like to see the
meaning
> > better nailed down .
> >
> > It could refer to the substatements immediately below a module statement.
> >
> > It could be extended to the substatements immediately below the submodule
> > statement of an included submodule.
> >
> > Since the reference, as here, is frequently to top-level data nodes, it
could
> > be
> > read as any data node which has no other data node between it and the module
> > statement
>
> Yes.
>
> > so that in
> >
> > module m {grouping g { leaf x ...
> >
> > then x is regarded as top-level
>
> No, the grouping statement does not instantiate any data nodes.  If
> you also had:
>
>   uses g;
>
> then x would be a top-level data node.

Thanks Martin,

Logical but, taken together, that's a surprise.  So  with suitable imports and
prefixes

module m {grouping g { leaf x ...
module n  {uses g ...

x is not top-level in module m but is top-level in module n.

I would like this spelt out in the I-D; I suggest amending
5.5 to become
    only top-level types and groupings
ie those appearing as substatements to a module or submodule statement
   can be used outside the module or

6.2.1 bullet 7 I am unclear about; does a
'module n { uses g
make leaf x top level in this case?

Add
A top-level configuration data node is one where there is no other data node
between it and a module or submodule statement.  Note that the 'grouping' and
'uses' statements do not themselves instantiate data nodes but that a 'uses'
statement that is not within a grouping instantiates the nodes that appear in
the  'grouping' statement that it references.

If that sounds complicated, well it is:-)

It is needed for the usual suspects, 'when' 'path' 'instance-identifier' 'must',
could appear in all four or perhaps better in 6.2.1 or 6.4.
Tom Petch
>
> /martin


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 18 12:19:32 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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Joel M. Halpern wrote:
> I could certainly live with adding "agent-supplied value", or
> "assigned-by-system."
> I understand Martin's argument for not adding a new feature.
> 
> But if we are not going to add a feature, then I think we MUST (in the
> ineroperability sense) add some words that explain how this is supposed
> to work.  It is quite clear that people understand it differently.
> (Ladislav's understanding of how one could use Mandatory for this is
> just one example.  I do not read the text as allowing the behavior he
> understand in good faith to be correct and appropraite.)
> 

The only value YANG provides to the world at this time is as
the description of contract between the application and the device.
(Not manager and agent -- that's not what 4741 calls it -- sorry.)

It is only the extra details that make a NETCONF database different
than an XML instance document, than gives YANG any reason to exist.
Otherwise we would just use RelaxNG and not bother with trying
to characterize network configuration at all.

Martin's proposal for assigned-by is almost perfect.
The only problem is that 'assigned-by' (system/user)
seems too much like 'ordered-by' (system/user).

The real semantics of assigned-by is (user/all) [default: all].

Assigned-by user can be used with mandatory (true/false).

Here is the full set of values with 2 independent variables:

  leaf A {
      type string;
      mandatory true;
      assigned-by all;
  }

  leaf B {
      type string;
      mandatory false;
      assigned-by all;
  }

  leaf C {
      type string;
      mandatory true;
      assigned-by user;
  }

  leaf D {
      type string;
      mandatory false;
      assigned-by user;
  }

The CLR is that assigned-by user and default-stmt do
not make sense together.

  A: current ambiguous mandatory=true in yang-07; agent may provide a value
  B: current ambiguous optional leaf (may get created or not)
  C: user must provide a value; server will not provide any default
  D: user may provide a value; server will not provide any default


Does this help or make things worse?

> Yours,
> Joel
> 


Andy


> 
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>> Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
>>> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
>>>
>>> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622
>>>
>>> I am personally in favor of this, but the concensus was not.  The
>>> issue is still marked open, so perhaps it's time for another concensus
>>> call?
>>
>> I'm also in favor of this, but I'm not sure I want to re-open the
>> concensus call.  See the email
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01622.html for
>> some open issues.  My main concern is that if we add this it will
>> delay the process.  This is a known issue, and the WG decided to not
>> add any more features.  This issue was known at the time.  There are
>> more nice to haves that could be added, but at some point we have to
>> stop.
>>
>>
>> /martin
>>
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Tue Aug 18 12:24:58 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 13:10 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >Phil Shafer píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 10:45 -0400:
> >> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >> >4) Using the rules for "mandatory" in Sec. 3.1, the device MUST
> >> >determine the minimum valid configuration and make sure all mandatory
> >> >leaves in the "running" configuration are initialized with values that
> >> >are valid according to the data model. These system-assigned values
> >> >SHOULD be described in system documentation. 
> >... Why is
> >my formulation "a completely different concept"? Do you want to allow an
> >initial configuration that is invalid?
> 
> Sorry.  My bad.  I completely missed that you are talking about
> initial configurations.  The comment "the device MUST ... make sure
> all mandatory leaves ... are initialized with values" confused me,
> since this sounds like the device must fill in those values.  You
> are just saying that <running> should be valid when the box boots
> up, and I agree with this.

Yes, only initial configuration is special. Other mandatory leafs should
be set explicitly by a client.

Lada

> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Andy Bierman writes:
>The CLR is that assigned-by user and default-stmt do
>not make sense together.

"assigned-by user" is the normal (aka default ;^) behavior, so
mixing this with the default statement is fine.

>  A: current ambiguous mandatory=true in yang-07; agent may provide a value

I don't think mandatory is ambiguous in yang.  Mandatory means
the value must appear in a valid configuration.

>  B: current ambiguous optional leaf (may get created or not)

"leaf" is ambiguous?  When did this happen?

I think there are eight cases, with three axis:
  statement      value                code
  mandatory      (true | false)       mf | mt
  assigned-by    (system | user)      as | au
  default        (given | none)       dg | dn

Using a stupid two-letter code for each axis gives:

  mt-as-dg: error: invalid combination (mandatory plus assigned-by system)
  mt-as-dn: error: " "
  mt-au-dg: error: invalid combination (mandatory plus default)
  mt-au-dn: value must be present
  mf-as-dg: error: invalid combination (assigned-by system plus default)
  mf-as-dn: system will assign a value if none is present
  mf-au-dg: default will be implicitly used if none is configured
  mf-au-dn: no value will be used if none is configured

So the CLRs are:
- mandatory cannot be true if assigned-by system or a default value is given
- assigned-by system cannot be set if a default value is given

But the WG concensus was against assigned-by, so we should let this
topic drop.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> The CLR is that assigned-by user and default-stmt do
>> not make sense together.
> 
> "assigned-by user" is the normal (aka default ;^) behavior, so
> mixing this with the default statement is fine.
> 

no -- you have it backwards.
YANG does not support 'assigned-by user' at all,
except in description statements.


>>  A: current ambiguous mandatory=true in yang-07; agent may provide a value
> 
> I don't think mandatory is ambiguous in yang.  Mandatory means
> the value must appear in a valid configuration.
> 
>>  B: current ambiguous optional leaf (may get created or not)
> 
> "leaf" is ambiguous?  When did this happen?
> 
> I think there are eight cases, with three axis:
>   statement      value                code
>   mandatory      (true | false)       mf | mt
>   assigned-by    (system | user)      as | au
>   default        (given | none)       dg | dn
> 
> Using a stupid two-letter code for each axis gives:
> 
>   mt-as-dg: error: invalid combination (mandatory plus assigned-by system)
>   mt-as-dn: error: " "
>   mt-au-dg: error: invalid combination (mandatory plus default)
>   mt-au-dn: value must be present
>   mf-as-dg: error: invalid combination (assigned-by system plus default)
>   mf-as-dn: system will assign a value if none is present
>   mf-au-dg: default will be implicitly used if none is configured
>   mf-au-dn: no value will be used if none is configured
> 
> So the CLRs are:
> - mandatory cannot be true if assigned-by system or a default value is given
> - assigned-by system cannot be set if a default value is given
> 
> But the WG concensus was against assigned-by, so we should let this
> topic drop.
> 

The current meaning of mandatory=true is not clear.
There is no way in the YANG data model for the application
developer to get satisfactory answers question for a few simple questions:


  leaf foo {
     type string;
  }

  "If I do not provide the <foo> leaf, will the agent pick some value,
   or not?"

  "If the agent does not support with-defaults=report-all, then how would
   I even find out if this is the source of the config problem?"


  leaf bar {
     mandatory true;
     type string;
  }

  "If I do not provide the <bar> leaf, will the agent pick some value,
   or will I eventually get back a 'data-missing' error?"



> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 18 14:04:58 2009
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Andy Bierman wrote:
...
> 
>   leaf foo {
>      type string;
>   }
> 
>   "If I do not provide the <foo> leaf, will the agent pick some value,
>    or not?"
> 
>   "If the agent does not support with-defaults=report-all, then how would
>    I even find out if this is the source of the config problem?"
> 
> 
>   leaf bar {
>      mandatory true;
>      type string;
>   }
> 
>   "If I do not provide the <bar> leaf, will the agent pick some value,
>    or will I eventually get back a 'data-missing' error?"
> 
> 

  choice fubar {
    mandatory true;
    case a {
      leaf X { type string; }
      leaf Y { type string; mandatory true; }
    }
    leaf b { type string; }
  }

If the device hides all defaults, then how do I know
if the candidate has /X or /b or neither?

The answer also has an impact on NP containers.
A mandatory child leaf within an NP container is
only mandatory if any of its siblings exist.

The very fuzzy definition of a default value in YANG
makes it impossible to know if that mandatory leaf
needs to be created or not.  A leaf without a default
can also exist because the agent created it, so
the issue is not related to the YANG default-stmt.

This is a very important application-centric question.
Every single developer of every single YANG module ever written
is going to ask the same question "Do I have to provide that leaf,
and therefore write some code to do that, or not?"


> 
>> Thanks,
>>  Phil
>>
> 

Andy


From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 18 15:24:36 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>Every single developer of every single YANG module ever written
>is going to ask the same question "Do I have to provide that leaf,
>and therefore write some code to do that, or not?"

If mandatory is true, the configuration is not valid if the leaf
does not have a value.  Baring miracles, the application should
understand that providing that value is part of its job.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 18 15:32:47 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>YANG does not support 'assigned-by user' at all,
>except in description statements.

All config=true leafs in YANG can be assigned by the user.

>  leaf foo {
>     type string;
>  }
>
>  "If I do not provide the <foo> leaf, will the agent pick some value,
>   or not?"

This is the hole that the lack of "assigned-by system" leaves.  The
WG concensus is that we are skipping it.  Move along.  These aren't
the 'droids you're looking for.....

>  "If the agent does not support with-defaults=report-all, then how would
>   I even find out if this is the source of the config problem?"

The leaf is not mandatory.  There is no default.  It's not
the source of your config problem.

>  leaf bar {
>     mandatory true;
>     type string;
>  }
>
>  "If I do not provide the <bar> leaf, will the agent pick some value,
>   or will I eventually get back a 'data-missing' error?"

No, the agent will not pick some value.  The 'mandatory true'
means that if you make this hierarchy in which this leaf belongs
and you don't make this leaf, your configuration is not valid.
When you validate it, you will get an error.  No clue which error.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 18 16:20:55 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> Every single developer of every single YANG module ever written
>> is going to ask the same question "Do I have to provide that leaf,
>> and therefore write some code to do that, or not?"
> 
> If mandatory is true, the configuration is not valid if the leaf
> does not have a value.  Baring miracles, the application should
> understand that providing that value is part of its job.
> 

I don't know why you would reach that conclusion.
The mandatory-stmt does not mean the application must supply
a value.  It has no utility at all to an application.

On the device-side, if I had some data model
like the ping control table in ping.yang,
then I never want the device to fill in the
host address to ping.  If I commit the candidate,
I want it to fail, not start pinging a random
address because the agent filled in a mandatory
leaf (because all mandatory means is that some
value must be present).

Ironically, the only thing an application can
count on is the default-stmt, if no leaf is provided.
But since the device MUST provide the exact static value,
it is very likely that WGs and vendors will not be able
to agree on 1 static value in every possible scenario.

So most leafs will have undocumented defaults (where
defaults='trim').  We can't agree on what a default
even means, so on devices where default='explicit',
you have no idea how to even discover the default values.



> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 


Andy


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 18 17:29:40 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
>> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
>>
>> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622

...

 My main concern is that if we add this it will
> delay the process.  

If it is the IETF WG process you mean,
than I don't see how that is possible.

So what happens if we stop discussions now because
we are out of time?  We move forward with a WG Last Call,
and ask "does anybody have any issues with this draft?"
Hurrying up so we can get to WGLC only delays a resolution;
it does not avoid it.

This is a known issue, and the WG decided to not
> add any more features.  This issue was known at the time.  There are
> more nice to haves that could be added, but at some point we have to
> stop.

I find the leafref to be much more esoteric and corner-case nice-to-have
than properties as basic as 'default' and 'mandatory'.  A lot more effort went
into leafref, and these database properties are much more important
than cross references.

> 
> 
> /martin

Andy

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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> Every single developer of every single YANG module ever written
>> is going to ask the same question "Do I have to provide that leaf,
>> and therefore write some code to do that, or not?"
> 
> If mandatory is true, the configuration is not valid if the leaf
> does not have a value.  Baring miracles, the application should
> understand that providing that value is part of its job.
> 

But you say that the ifMtu object should not be mantatory, right?

  leaf if-mtu {
     type uint32;
     mandatory true;
  }

  leaf ping-target {
     type inet:ip-address;
     mandatory true;
  }

Every implementation must have these 2 objects in a valid
configuration.  In one case, the device is going to pick
a suitable default every time, and the data modeler wants
that to happen.  In the other case, the data modeler does
not ever want a default value picked by the device.

So how does a YANG tool tell these 2 very different use-cases apart?
Humans may guess by the leaf name, but the tool can't.

I do not agree with you that an application developer does
not need to know the difference between these two leafs
that have identical machine-readable properties.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 


Andy


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"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> Logical but, taken together, that's a surprise.  So  with suitable imports and
> prefixes
> 
> module m {grouping g { leaf x ...
> module n  {uses g ...
> 
> x is not top-level in module m but is top-level in module n.

Yes.

> I would like this spelt out in the I-D; I suggest amending
> 5.5 to become
>     only top-level types and groupings
> ie those appearing as substatements to a module or submodule statement
>    can be used outside the module or

Ok, fixed.

> 6.2.1 bullet 7 I am unclear about; does a
> 'module n { uses g
> make leaf x top level in this case?

Yes.  I changed this a bit into:

- All leafs, leaf-lists, lists, containers, choices, rpcs,
  notifications, and anyxmls defined (directly or through a uses
  statement) within a parent node or at the top-level of the module or
  its submodules share the same identifier namespace.  

> Add
> A top-level configuration data node is one where there is no other data node
> between it and a module or submodule statement.  Note that the 'grouping' and
> 'uses' statements do not themselves instantiate data nodes but that a 'uses'
> statement that is not within a grouping instantiates the nodes that appear in
> the  'grouping' statement that it references.
> 
> If that sounds complicated, well it is:-)
> 
> It is needed for the usual suspects, 'when' 'path' 'instance-identifier'
> 'must',
> could appear in all four or perhaps better in 6.2.1 or 6.4.

How about putting it in the Terminology section?  Also, I am not
convinced the "Note" part is necessary.  Section 7.11 on grouping
says:

   The grouping statement is not a data definition statement and, as
   such, does not define any nodes in the schema tree.

Note that we also have:

- data definition statement: A statement that defines new data
  nodes.  One of container, leaf, leaf-list, list, choice, case,
  augment, uses, and anyxml.

So I hope it is clear that 'uses' defines data nodes but groupings do
not.

I propose to add this to Terminology:

- top-level data node: A data node where there is no other data node
  between it and a module or submodule statement.


/martin

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Wed Aug 19 00:01:32 2009
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Joel M. Halpern píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 11:03 -0400:
> I could certainly live with adding "agent-supplied value", or 
> "assigned-by-system."
> I understand Martin's argument for not adding a new feature.
> 
> But if we are not going to add a feature, then I think we MUST (in the 
> ineroperability sense) add some words that explain how this is supposed 
> to work.  It is quite clear that people understand it differently. 
> (Ladislav's understanding of how one could use Mandatory for this is 
> just one example.  I do not read the text as allowing the behavior he 
> understand in good faith to be correct and appropraite.)

I also have to apologize for contributing to the confusion. After
reading Phil's later message I realized the misunderstanding was mainly
due to the lack of distinction between the assumptions on the initial
configuration on one side and subsequent edits on the other.

Some explanation of the former is needed in the sense that the server
must provide certain minimum set of mandatory nodes in order to make the
initial configuration valid - these nodes are thus implicitly
"assigned-by system". Otherwise, the rules seem to be OK if we assume
that any other mandatory nodes are up to the client to fill in.

Lada

> 
> Yours,
> Joel
> 
> 
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> >> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
> >>
> >> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622
> >>
> >> I am personally in favor of this, but the concensus was not.  The
> >> issue is still marked open, so perhaps it's time for another concensus
> >> call?
> > 
> > I'm also in favor of this, but I'm not sure I want to re-open the
> > concensus call.  See the email
> > http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01622.html for
> > some open issues.  My main concern is that if we add this it will
> > delay the process.  This is a known issue, and the WG decided to not
> > add any more features.  This issue was known at the time.  There are
> > more nice to haves that could be added, but at some point we have to
> > stop.
> > 
> > 
> > /martin
> > 
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> >> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
> >>
> >> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622
> 
> ...
> 
>  My main concern is that if we add this it will
> > delay the process.  
> 
> If it is the IETF WG process you mean,
> than I don't see how that is possible.
> 
> So what happens if we stop discussions now because
> we are out of time?  We move forward with a WG Last Call,
> and ask "does anybody have any issues with this draft?"
> Hurrying up so we can get to WGLC only delays a resolution;
> it does not avoid it.

There are many things we could add to YANG in order to make more
precise data models and to help the tools automation process.  We will
never be able to have formal statements for everything, so we know
that we will also have to rely on description clauses.  At some point
we will have to be done with version 1, publish it and get
experience.  In fact, we already decided that we have reached this
point.  The features we have are good enough for version 1.

These are my concerns.  But at the same time, if we agree that what we
have does not work without a new statement, then we will have to fix
it.


/martin

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> The mandatory-stmt does not mean the application must supply
> a value.  It has no utility at all to an application.

This is not true.  If the client creates data in which there is a
mandatory leaf, it must provide a value for that leaf to make the
config valid.

This means that there are some use cases which cannot be perfectly
defined today.  For example, a leaf which is initialized by the server
if it is not provided.  One use case that has been described before is
the 'uid' of a user.  If a 'user' is created without a value for the
'uid', the server will assign a value for this leaf.  This is not a
(dynamic) default value; it is really present in the config.  A client
can read it and change it.  In one sense such a leaf is mandatory,
since it is always present in the config.  But just marking it as
'mandatory true' is not correct, since this will make the client think
it MUST provide a value.  Currently, such a leaf must be defined as
'mandatory false', and the behavior defined in the description clause.
The statement 'assigned-by system' was an attempt to support this use
case.

Another use case that cannot be perfectly defined is the case of
dynamic default values.  These comes in many flavors; here are three:

  o  The default value depends on some state data, e.g. the default
     mtu depends on the card type.

  o  The default value depends on some other config data, e.g. the
     listen-port for a server depends on the protocol (smtp port 25,
     http port 80 etc).

  o  The default value is the value of another leaf (this has been
     called default ref in past discussions).  E.g. there is a global
     idle-timeout leaf which is used unless a specific idle-timeout
     leaf is defined for a server.

I'm sure there are more variants.  Currently, these leafs must be
defined as 'mandatory false', and the behavior defined in description
clauses (and/or with YANG extensions).

Do we add formal YANG statements for all these use cases?  As I wrote
in some other thread, in general I am in favor for more precise models
and more support for automation, but at some point we have to stop.



/martin

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Wed Aug 19 01:16:29 2009
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On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 02:40:53AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> Phil Shafer wrote:
> > Andy Bierman writes:
> >> Every single developer of every single YANG module ever written
> >> is going to ask the same question "Do I have to provide that leaf,
> >> and therefore write some code to do that, or not?"
> > 
> > If mandatory is true, the configuration is not valid if the leaf
> > does not have a value.  Baring miracles, the application should
> > understand that providing that value is part of its job.
> > 
> 
> But you say that the ifMtu object should not be mantatory, right?
> 
>   leaf if-mtu {
>      type uint32;
>      mandatory true;
>   }
> 
>   leaf ping-target {
>      type inet:ip-address;
>      mandatory true;
>   }
> 
> Every implementation must have these 2 objects in a valid
> configuration.  In one case, the device is going to pick
> a suitable default every time, and the data modeler wants
> that to happen.  In the other case, the data modeler does
> not ever want a default value picked by the device.

I think the MTU value that pops up when I initialize an interface with
no explicit configuration is operational state and not config state.
So the above definition of if-mtu is likely a data modeling error.

And perhaps most parameters a system uses if you switch it on are just
operational state and not really config data. A home router might boot
up with a default non-global IP address and this can again be
considered operational state since there is no config data yet. I
guess I start to like the model where stuff that has not be
explicitely configured really is not configuration and thus not part
of a configuration datastore.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 19 01:25:19 2009
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Hi,

Consider this data model from the draft:

  leaf-list domain-search {
      type string;
      description "List of domain names to search";
  }

Suppose that a client wants to set this to the same list on many
servers.  It can build an edit-config request with:

  <domain-search>high.example.com</domain-search>
  <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>

But since the default operation is 'merge', this will just append the
two domains to the end of the current leaf-list on each device.  It
really wants to replace the contents of this leaf-list, regardless of
what was there, so it might try:

  <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
  <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>

where the first line supposedly replaces the entire list with one
entry 'high.example.com', and the second line appends the second
entry.

But this doesn't work, b/c the current text says:

      If the operation is "merge" or "replace" the leaf-list entry is
      created if it does not exist.

So the first line would just append high.example.com, just as merge
would have done.


I suggest we change this text to:

      If the operation is "merge" the leaf-list entry is
      created if it does not exist.

      If the operation is "replace" the complete leaf-list contents is
      replaced with the new leaf-list entry.


/martin

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Wed Aug 19 01:39:47 2009
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On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 10:24:57AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Consider this data model from the draft:
> 
>   leaf-list domain-search {
>       type string;
>       description "List of domain names to search";
>   }
> 
> Suppose that a client wants to set this to the same list on many
> servers.  It can build an edit-config request with:
> 
>   <domain-search>high.example.com</domain-search>
>   <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
> 
> But since the default operation is 'merge', this will just append the
> two domains to the end of the current leaf-list on each device.  It
> really wants to replace the contents of this leaf-list, regardless of
> what was there, so it might try:
> 
>   <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
>   <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
> 
> where the first line supposedly replaces the entire list with one
> entry 'high.example.com', and the second line appends the second
> entry.
> 
> But this doesn't work, b/c the current text says:
> 
>       If the operation is "merge" or "replace" the leaf-list entry is
>       created if it does not exist.
> 
> So the first line would just append high.example.com, just as merge
> would have done.
> 
> 
> I suggest we change this text to:
> 
>       If the operation is "merge" the leaf-list entry is
>       created if it does not exist.
> 
>       If the operation is "replace" the complete leaf-list contents is
>       replaced with the new leaf-list entry.

I agree that this is an issue to resolve; I did run into this myself
recently. But given the new wording, what is the effect of doing this:

  <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
  <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>

Do we state anywhere that things are processed in sequential order?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 19 01:53:07 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 10:24:57AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > Consider this data model from the draft:
> > 
> >   leaf-list domain-search {
> >       type string;
> >       description "List of domain names to search";
> >   }
> > 
> > Suppose that a client wants to set this to the same list on many
> > servers.  It can build an edit-config request with:
> > 
> >   <domain-search>high.example.com</domain-search>
> >   <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
> > 
> > But since the default operation is 'merge', this will just append the
> > two domains to the end of the current leaf-list on each device.  It
> > really wants to replace the contents of this leaf-list, regardless of
> > what was there, so it might try:
> > 
> >   <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
> >   <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
> > 
> > where the first line supposedly replaces the entire list with one
> > entry 'high.example.com', and the second line appends the second
> > entry.
> > 
> > But this doesn't work, b/c the current text says:
> > 
> >       If the operation is "merge" or "replace" the leaf-list entry is
> >       created if it does not exist.
> > 
> > So the first line would just append high.example.com, just as merge
> > would have done.
> > 
> > 
> > I suggest we change this text to:
> > 
> >       If the operation is "merge" the leaf-list entry is
> >       created if it does not exist.
> > 
> >       If the operation is "replace" the complete leaf-list contents is
> >       replaced with the new leaf-list entry.
> 
> I agree that this is an issue to resolve; I did run into this myself
> recently. But given the new wording, what is the effect of doing this:
> 
>   <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
>   <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
> 
> Do we state anywhere that things are processed in sequential order?

>From 7.7.7:

   If several entries in an "ordered-by user" leaf-list are modified in
   the same <edit-config> request, the entires are modified one at the
   time, in the order of the XML elements in the request.

We can change this: s/"ordered-by user"//

Oh, there's a typo: s/entires/entries/.   Now fixed (in two places).


/martin

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Wed Aug 19 02:26:45 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v St 19. 08. 2009 v 10:02 +0200:

> I think the MTU value that pops up when I initialize an interface with
> no explicit configuration is operational state and not config state.
> So the above definition of if-mtu is likely a data modeling error.
> 
> And perhaps most parameters a system uses if you switch it on are just
> operational state and not really config data. A home router might boot
> up with a default non-global IP address and this can again be
> considered operational state since there is no config data yet. I

It may write this address to configuration data as well, as it is also
explicitly configured (not obtained from DHCP). I just reset my web
camera to the factory default state and the auto-assigned address
appeared in the configuration form. So it can work both ways.

> guess I start to like the model where stuff that has not be
> explicitely configured really is not configuration and thus not part
> of a configuration datastore.

In this case the link between the IP address as state data and the
corresponding configuration slot is also important. If the IP address is
manually configured, the state data item is essentially a leafref.

But is it reasonable to continue working with both interpretations and
allow both modelling approaches? The simple question whether "mtu"
should be defined as mandatory or not then has no simple answer.

Lada


> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> The mandatory-stmt does not mean the application must supply
>> a value.  It has no utility at all to an application.
> 
> This is not true.  If the client creates data in which there is a
> mandatory leaf, it must provide a value for that leaf to make the
> config valid.
> 

I'll drop this thread, but none of you actually seem to
understand the difference between MUST and SHOULD.


> This means that there are some use cases which cannot be perfectly
> defined today.  For example, a leaf which is initialized by the server
> if it is not provided.  One use case that has been described before is
> the 'uid' of a user.  If a 'user' is created without a value for the
> 'uid', the server will assign a value for this leaf.  This is not a
> (dynamic) default value; it is really present in the config.  A client
> can read it and change it.  In one sense such a leaf is mandatory,
> since it is always present in the config.  But just marking it as
> 'mandatory true' is not correct, since this will make the client think
> it MUST provide a value.  Currently, such a leaf must be defined as
> 'mandatory false', and the behavior defined in the description clause.
> The statement 'assigned-by system' was an attempt to support this use
> case.
> 
> Another use case that cannot be perfectly defined is the case of
> dynamic default values.  These comes in many flavors; here are three:
> 
>   o  The default value depends on some state data, e.g. the default
>      mtu depends on the card type.
> 
>   o  The default value depends on some other config data, e.g. the
>      listen-port for a server depends on the protocol (smtp port 25,
>      http port 80 etc).
> 
>   o  The default value is the value of another leaf (this has been
>      called default ref in past discussions).  E.g. there is a global
>      idle-timeout leaf which is used unless a specific idle-timeout
>      leaf is defined for a server.
> 
> I'm sure there are more variants.  Currently, these leafs must be
> defined as 'mandatory false', and the behavior defined in description
> clauses (and/or with YANG extensions).
> 

These account for lots of data model objects.
The static default-stmt may not get used a lot
by WGs or vendors.

> Do we add formal YANG statements for all these use cases?  As I wrote
> in some other thread, in general I am in favor for more precise models
> and more support for automation, but at some point we have to stop.
> 

what kind of strawman is this?

I am talking about 1 bit of information.

What happens on every device if a mandatory leaf is not provided?
Will this be silently accepted, or rejected with an error?
The official answer is "who cares", but I was looking for "yes" or "no".


> 
> 
> /martin
> 


Andy


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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Consider this data model from the draft:
> 
>   leaf-list domain-search {
>       type string;
>       description "List of domain names to search";
>   }
> 
> Suppose that a client wants to set this to the same list on many
> servers.  It can build an edit-config request with:
> 
>   <domain-search>high.example.com</domain-search>
>   <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
> 
> But since the default operation is 'merge', this will just append the
> two domains to the end of the current leaf-list on each device.  It
> really wants to replace the contents of this leaf-list, regardless of
> what was there, so it might try:
> 
>   <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
>   <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
> 
> where the first line supposedly replaces the entire list with one
> entry 'high.example.com', and the second line appends the second
> entry.
> 
> But this doesn't work, b/c the current text says:
> 
>       If the operation is "merge" or "replace" the leaf-list entry is
>       created if it does not exist.
> 
> So the first line would just append high.example.com, just as merge
> would have done.
> 
> 
> I suggest we change this text to:
> 
>       If the operation is "merge" the leaf-list entry is
>       created if it does not exist.
> 
>       If the operation is "replace" the complete leaf-list contents is
>       replaced with the new leaf-list entry.
> 
> 

This is a new feature request.
I do not want to change the meaning of nc:replace now.
The nc:operation attribute applies only to
the subtree it appears in -- not its siblings.
This is a massive change to the NETCONF protocol.

Delete the whole leaf-list, then add it back.
Problem solved.


> /martin


Andy

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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 02:40:53AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>> Phil Shafer wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman writes:
>>>> Every single developer of every single YANG module ever written
>>>> is going to ask the same question "Do I have to provide that leaf,
>>>> and therefore write some code to do that, or not?"
>>> If mandatory is true, the configuration is not valid if the leaf
>>> does not have a value.  Baring miracles, the application should
>>> understand that providing that value is part of its job.
>>>
>> But you say that the ifMtu object should not be mantatory, right?
>>
>>   leaf if-mtu {
>>      type uint32;
>>      mandatory true;
>>   }
>>
>>   leaf ping-target {
>>      type inet:ip-address;
>>      mandatory true;
>>   }
>>
>> Every implementation must have these 2 objects in a valid
>> configuration.  In one case, the device is going to pick
>> a suitable default every time, and the data modeler wants
>> that to happen.  In the other case, the data modeler does
>> not ever want a default value picked by the device.
> 
> I think the MTU value that pops up when I initialize an interface with
> no explicit configuration is operational state and not config state.
> So the above definition of if-mtu is likely a data modeling error.
> 

You would be right about this except for one
tiny detail.  If an MTU is configured, then
the interface will use the supplied value
and not pick its own value.

That makes it configuration data, not operational state.

> And perhaps most parameters a system uses if you switch it on are just
> operational state and not really config data. A home router might boot
> up with a default non-global IP address and this can again be
> considered operational state since there is no config data yet. I
> guess I start to like the model where stuff that has not be
> explicitely configured really is not configuration and thus not part
> of a configuration datastore.
> 

My home DSL modem has an override in the WEB pages for MTU.
You can configure it use 1500 and NOT to pick its own value.
Just because this is rarely done does not change
the leaf to config=false.

> /js
> 

Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> What happens on every device if a mandatory leaf is not provided?
> Will this be silently accepted, or rejected with an error?
> The official answer is "who cares", but I was looking for "yes" or "no".

No, that's not what I said, and that's not what Phil said.  At
validation time (i.e. <validate> of candidate, <commit> or
<edit-config> of running), you will get an error if a mandatory leaf
is not provided.


/martin



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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 12:15:45PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> > On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 02:40:53AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> >> Phil Shafer wrote:
> >>> Andy Bierman writes:
> >>>> Every single developer of every single YANG module ever written
> >>>> is going to ask the same question "Do I have to provide that leaf,
> >>>> and therefore write some code to do that, or not?"
> >>> If mandatory is true, the configuration is not valid if the leaf
> >>> does not have a value.  Baring miracles, the application should
> >>> understand that providing that value is part of its job.
> >>>
> >> But you say that the ifMtu object should not be mantatory, right?
> >>
> >>   leaf if-mtu {
> >>      type uint32;
> >>      mandatory true;
> >>   }
> >>
> >>   leaf ping-target {
> >>      type inet:ip-address;
> >>      mandatory true;
> >>   }
> >>
> >> Every implementation must have these 2 objects in a valid
> >> configuration.  In one case, the device is going to pick
> >> a suitable default every time, and the data modeler wants
> >> that to happen.  In the other case, the data modeler does
> >> not ever want a default value picked by the device.
> > 
> > I think the MTU value that pops up when I initialize an interface with
> > no explicit configuration is operational state and not config state.
> > So the above definition of if-mtu is likely a data modeling error.
> > 
> 
> You would be right about this except for one
> tiny detail.  If an MTU is configured, then
> the interface will use the supplied value
> and not pick its own value.
> 
> That makes it configuration data, not operational state.

Yes, but my point was that as long as the MTU is not configured
explicitly, it is not config data and there is no need to have boxes
generate config data upon startup since this blurs the line between
operational state and config data.

> > And perhaps most parameters a system uses if you switch it on are just
> > operational state and not really config data. A home router might boot
> > up with a default non-global IP address and this can again be
> > considered operational state since there is no config data yet. I
> > guess I start to like the model where stuff that has not be
> > explicitely configured really is not configuration and thus not part
> > of a configuration datastore.
> > 
> 
> My home DSL modem has an override in the WEB pages for MTU.
> You can configure it use 1500 and NOT to pick its own value.
> Just because this is rarely done does not change
> the leaf to config=false.

I fail to see the point. I am not saying there should not be a config
leaf. My point was that (a) making it mandatory is questionable and
(b) a box that boots up and has no further information might have an
MTU but it is not config.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 19 03:40:35 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> This is a new feature request.
> I do not want to change the meaning of nc:replace now.
> The nc:operation attribute applies only to
> the subtree it appears in -- not its siblings.

Absolutely!

This subtree:

  <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>

replaces the domain-search leaf-list.

And this subtree:

  <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>

merges a new entry with the existing list.

> Delete the whole leaf-list, then add it back.
> Problem solved.

That would be perfectly fine, but how do you delete a leaf-list?  The
draft says:

  o  If the operation is "delete" the entry is deleted from
     the leaf-list if it exists.

So this won't work:

  <domain-search nc:operation="delete"/>

b/c it will delete the leaf-list entry "".


/martin


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Wed Aug 19 04:28:24 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v St 19. 08. 2009 v 12:39 +0200:

> Yes, but my point was that as long as the MTU is not configured
> explicitly, it is not config data and there is no need to have boxes

The simple fact is that the MTU parameter is absolutely essential for
the operation of an Ethernet interface, so any implementation must make
sure it is set to a valid value - which can be achieved in multiple ways
- and IMO this information should somehow be contained in its data
model.

In the data model for an L3 interface, do you want to have the IP
address parameter optional? So what if I add a new network card that NV
memory has no data for?

Lada

-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 01:28:26PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder p????e v St 19. 08. 2009 v 12:39 +0200:
> 
> > Yes, but my point was that as long as the MTU is not configured
> > explicitly, it is not config data and there is no need to have boxes
> 
> The simple fact is that the MTU parameter is absolutely essential for
> the operation of an Ethernet interface, so any implementation must make
> sure it is set to a valid value - which can be achieved in multiple ways
> - and IMO this information should somehow be contained in its data
> model.
> 
> In the data model for an L3 interface, do you want to have the IP
> address parameter optional? So what if I add a new network card that NV
> memory has no data for?

The IP interface won't work until it is configured or there is
operational state (e.g. obtained via DHCP) that provides a suitable
address. For me, it does not matter whether a protocol like DHCP is
involved or the kernel or firmware does the job in some other way.
The result in all cases is that the system did generate operational
state that might make a device do something useful but it is not
really configuration data in my admittedly strict interpretation what
config data really is.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Wed Aug 19 05:05:07 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v St 19. 08. 2009 v 13:38 +0200:
> On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 01:28:26PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Juergen Schoenwaelder p????e v St 19. 08. 2009 v 12:39 +0200:
> > 
> > > Yes, but my point was that as long as the MTU is not configured
> > > explicitly, it is not config data and there is no need to have boxes
> > 
> > The simple fact is that the MTU parameter is absolutely essential for
> > the operation of an Ethernet interface, so any implementation must make
> > sure it is set to a valid value - which can be achieved in multiple ways
> > - and IMO this information should somehow be contained in its data
> > model.
> > 
> > In the data model for an L3 interface, do you want to have the IP
> > address parameter optional? So what if I add a new network card that NV
> > memory has no data for?
> 
> The IP interface won't work until it is configured or there is
> operational state (e.g. obtained via DHCP) that provides a suitable
> address. For me, it does not matter whether a protocol like DHCP is
> involved or the kernel or firmware does the job in some other way.
> The result in all cases is that the system did generate operational
> state that might make a device do something useful but it is not
> really configuration data in my admittedly strict interpretation what
> config data really is.

I am not against having the state data where the actual address (from
DHCP or manually assigned) is recorded, like in the /proc filesystem.

But you said that your home router has a static preconfigured address,
so let's forget about DHCP for the moment. I understood that since the
preconfigured address is state data, the data model for the interface
*configuration* will have IP address defined as optional, to allow for a
valid configuration where this parameter is not present. However, this
data model is wrong for an interface on the extension card because there
is no preconfiguration available and the configuration will be declared
valid even though an essential parameter may be missing. So you would
have to have another model for the other interface with mandatory IP
address. It is IMO much better to have one data model for both
interfaces and just accept that for the built-in interface the IP
address is configured by the device itself.

With DHCP it is the same, there will be a choice with one case for DHCP
and another for manual address, but the choice must have
"mandatory=true".

Lada 
 
> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 02:05:10PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> I am not against having the state data where the actual address (from
> DHCP or manually assigned) is recorded, like in the /proc filesystem.
> 
> But you said that your home router has a static preconfigured address,
> so let's forget about DHCP for the moment. I understood that since the
> preconfigured address is state data, the data model for the interface
> *configuration* will have IP address defined as optional, to allow for a
> valid configuration where this parameter is not present. However, this
> data model is wrong for an interface on the extension card because there
> is no preconfiguration available and the configuration will be declared
> valid even though an essential parameter may be missing. So you would
> have to have another model for the other interface with mandatory IP
> address. It is IMO much better to have one data model for both
> interfaces and just accept that for the built-in interface the IP
> address is configured by the device itself.

Sorry, but you are interpreting too much into the concept of
"valid". Valid means consistent with the data model. It does not mean
correct and usable.

I am saying a data model which requires an IP address for a valid
configuration is broken since I can run for example DHCP. If you want
to formally express notions like "this leaf is mandatory if some other
condition is true" we will likely need years to come up with a correct
data model.

> With DHCP it is the same, there will be a choice with one case for
> DHCP and another for manual address, but the choice must have
> "mandatory=true".

I choose to disagree. I might very well simply choose to not use IP at
all since all my box is doing is sniffing packets. If we go over board
with constraints in data models, we will kill ourself. Authors of YANG
data models applicable to a wide range of boxes better we very careful
with their usage of must, when, mandatory, default - these are sharp
tools to hurt yourself.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Wed Aug 19 06:00:12 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v St 19. 08. 2009 v 14:39 +0200:
> On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 02:05:10PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>  
> > I am not against having the state data where the actual address (from
> > DHCP or manually assigned) is recorded, like in the /proc filesystem.
> > 
> > But you said that your home router has a static preconfigured address,
> > so let's forget about DHCP for the moment. I understood that since the
> > preconfigured address is state data, the data model for the interface
> > *configuration* will have IP address defined as optional, to allow for a
> > valid configuration where this parameter is not present. However, this
> > data model is wrong for an interface on the extension card because there
> > is no preconfiguration available and the configuration will be declared
> > valid even though an essential parameter may be missing. So you would
> > have to have another model for the other interface with mandatory IP
> > address. It is IMO much better to have one data model for both
> > interfaces and just accept that for the built-in interface the IP
> > address is configured by the device itself.
> 
> Sorry, but you are interpreting too much into the concept of
> "valid". Valid means consistent with the data model. It does not mean
> correct and usable.
> 
> I am saying a data model which requires an IP address for a valid
> configuration is broken since I can run for example DHCP. If you want

See below for DHCP.

> to formally express notions like "this leaf is mandatory if some other
> condition is true" we will likely need years to come up with a correct
> data model.
> 
> > With DHCP it is the same, there will be a choice with one case for
> > DHCP and another for manual address, but the choice must have
> > "mandatory=true".
> 
> I choose to disagree. I might very well simply choose to not use IP at
> all since all my box is doing is sniffing packets. If we go over board
> with constraints in data models, we will kill ourself. Authors of YANG
> data models applicable to a wide range of boxes better we very careful
> with their usage of must, when, mandatory, default - these are sharp
> tools to hurt yourself.

This way we can just get rid of "mandatory" completely. I could argue
for any parameter that it is optional because I might choose to use the
box as paperweight. 

Lada

> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 03:00:14PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> This way we can just get rid of "mandatory" completely. I could argue
> for any parameter that it is optional because I might choose to use the
> box as paperweight. 

We are really making progress here.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
To: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, August 18, 2009 3:56 PM

> I have been watching this debate, which appears to consist of people 
> talking past each other.
> 
> Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree 
> with Andy and Juergen.  (As a caveat, I use "means" below to indicate 
> what I think the YANG text explicitly requires.)
> 
> 1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the tree, 
> the manager MUST provide a value for that item.
> 
> 2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item will 
> have the explicit value given in the default clause in the data model.
> 
> So the question is what to do with a value that must have an item, but 
> which the system will generate a value if one is not provided, and which 
> the data model writer can not define that value in advance?

Joel

Nice summary, except that I want a different third state, that is one 
where the item must have a value and the data model writer can define
one in advance.  For me, that is the overwhelming case, when I look
at a device configuration, see all the things I might have specified but
never have, but equally can see that the system needs them (timers,
minimum and maximum values, thresholds, ...)

As the I-D stands, I cannot have mandatory and default, so I agree with
Lada, 
"'mandatory' and 'default' wouldn't be mutually exclusive".

(But I can also see, as Lada points out, that this also depends on a definition
of datastore and that without that, we are unlikely to agree).

Perhaps we are trying to be too clever and should allow for some intelligence
to reside in data-modellers, expect them not to provide a default if there
is no meaningful default.

And yes, this general issue has recurred on this list, many, many times.
At one time, we had three parameters and a possible eight states.

Tom Petch

> To remove a corner case, if the manager is not allowed to set the item, 
> then it is not config data, and this whole debate is irrelevant.  We are 
> talking only about config data.
> 
> As far as I can tell, when the mandatory and default clauses were 
> defined, we did not think about this case.  (Or, if some folks thought 
> about it, it was not discussed and articulated.)  As a result, it is 
> simply not covered.
> 
> There are, as far as I can tell, a couple of ways out, of varying 
> attractiveness.
> 
> 1) We can follow Andy's suggestion and create a keyword to represent 
> this case.
> 
> 2) We can add words to say that this case will NOT use Mandatory, will 
> not use Default, and that instead the description clause will tell the 
> human being what value is likely to be found here.  As far as I can 
> tell, nothing in the YANG document prevents the system from setting 
> values that have not been set by managers and which are not Mandatory. 
> Since the system will provide a value, this would work.  It means that 
> from an automaton perspective, the model does not distinguish between 
> things the system sets and things that are truly optional.
> 
> 3) We could do nothing and say nothing in the document.  This would seem 
> to be a mistake, because different model writers and different manager / 
> agent implementors will do different things.  Interoperability is likely 
> to fail.  (Given that we have differing interpretations already 
> demonstrated on the list, I think "likely" is an understatement.)
> 
> Personally, I would go with 1.  But I can live with 2.
> 
> Yours,
> Joel
>

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Wed Aug 19 06:24:27 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v St 19. 08. 2009 v 15:04 +0200:
> On Wed, Aug 19, 2009 at 03:00:14PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>  
> > This way we can just get rid of "mandatory" completely. I could argue
> > for any parameter that it is optional because I might choose to use the
> > box as paperweight. 
> 
> We are really making progress here.

OK, my point just is that if there is any parameter at all that is
absolutely essential for a device or protocol, it should be declared as
mandatory in the generic data model. The fact that some implementations
choose to set it from NVRAM or even have it hardwired doesn't make it
optional and/or state data.

Lada
 
> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Wed Aug 19 06:42:53 2009
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The problem however remains for later additions.
The user, via the management application (manager), adds a new piece of 
configuration.
That piece of configuration has a piece of information in it that must 
exist for the system to work.
Currently, if we label that piece of information "mandatory", then the 
user / manager must include that piece of information in the provided 
config.
If, instead, we tag that piece as having a default, the current 
definitions require that the model writer define the default value, and 
that the node have that value.

Thus, if the system is capable of setting the value, but the user is 
allowed to set it, the model must leave off both the mandatory and the 
default statements.
But this piece of information has significant semantic differences from 
a fully optional element.

If we do not want to define a new statement to represent this kind of 
configuration information, then we need text to reduce the human 
astonishment.  If the user does not provide a value, and the system does 
provide a value, does that magically appear when the user does a get of 
that configuration?  Or does it appear only for with-defaults even 
though the item has no default statement?

Yours,
Joel


Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Joel M. Halpern píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 11:03 -0400:
>> I could certainly live with adding "agent-supplied value", or 
>> "assigned-by-system."
>> I understand Martin's argument for not adding a new feature.
>>
>> But if we are not going to add a feature, then I think we MUST (in the 
>> ineroperability sense) add some words that explain how this is supposed 
>> to work.  It is quite clear that people understand it differently. 
>> (Ladislav's understanding of how one could use Mandatory for this is 
>> just one example.  I do not read the text as allowing the behavior he 
>> understand in good faith to be correct and appropraite.)
> 
> I also have to apologize for contributing to the confusion. After
> reading Phil's later message I realized the misunderstanding was mainly
> due to the lack of distinction between the assumptions on the initial
> configuration on one side and subsequent edits on the other.
> 
> Some explanation of the former is needed in the sense that the server
> must provide certain minimum set of mandatory nodes in order to make the
> initial configuration valid - these nodes are thus implicitly
> "assigned-by system". Otherwise, the rules seem to be OK if we assume
> that any other mandatory nodes are up to the client to fill in.
> 
> Lada
> 
>> Yours,
>> Joel
>>
>>
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
>>>> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
>>>>
>>>> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622
>>>>
>>>> I am personally in favor of this, but the concensus was not.  The
>>>> issue is still marked open, so perhaps it's time for another concensus
>>>> call?
>>> I'm also in favor of this, but I'm not sure I want to re-open the
>>> concensus call.  See the email
>>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01622.html for
>>> some open issues.  My main concern is that if we add this it will
>>> delay the process.  This is a known issue, and the WG decided to not
>>> add any more features.  This issue was known at the time.  There are
>>> more nice to haves that could be added, but at some point we have to
>>> stop.
>>>
>>>
>>> /martin
>>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> netmod mailing list
>> netmod@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Wed Aug 19 07:05:41 2009
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Joel M. Halpern píše v St 19. 08. 2009 v 09:42 -0400:
> The problem however remains for later additions.
> The user, via the management application (manager), adds a new piece of 
> configuration.
> That piece of configuration has a piece of information in it that must 
> exist for the system to work.
> Currently, if we label that piece of information "mandatory", then the 
> user / manager must include that piece of information in the provided 
> config.
> If, instead, we tag that piece as having a default, the current 
> definitions require that the model writer define the default value, and 
> that the node have that value.
> 
> Thus, if the system is capable of setting the value, but the user is 
> allowed to set it, the model must leave off both the mandatory and the 
> default statements.
> But this piece of information has significant semantic differences from 
> a fully optional element.

The current "mandatory" clause addresses the static state of a datastore
and I would prefer to keep it that way because the DSDL mapping relies
on it. The specification whether a particular leaf's value may/must be
set by the client, server or both is a new orthogonal feature and should
be handled separately, but probably not now, as Martin said.

Lada

> 
> If we do not want to define a new statement to represent this kind of 
> configuration information, then we need text to reduce the human 
> astonishment.  If the user does not provide a value, and the system does 
> provide a value, does that magically appear when the user does a get of 
> that configuration?  Or does it appear only for with-defaults even 
> though the item has no default statement?
> 
> Yours,
> Joel
> 
> 
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Joel M. Halpern píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 11:03 -0400:
> >> I could certainly live with adding "agent-supplied value", or 
> >> "assigned-by-system."
> >> I understand Martin's argument for not adding a new feature.
> >>
> >> But if we are not going to add a feature, then I think we MUST (in the 
> >> ineroperability sense) add some words that explain how this is supposed 
> >> to work.  It is quite clear that people understand it differently. 
> >> (Ladislav's understanding of how one could use Mandatory for this is 
> >> just one example.  I do not read the text as allowing the behavior he 
> >> understand in good faith to be correct and appropraite.)
> > 
> > I also have to apologize for contributing to the confusion. After
> > reading Phil's later message I realized the misunderstanding was mainly
> > due to the lack of distinction between the assumptions on the initial
> > configuration on one side and subsequent edits on the other.
> > 
> > Some explanation of the former is needed in the sense that the server
> > must provide certain minimum set of mandatory nodes in order to make the
> > initial configuration valid - these nodes are thus implicitly
> > "assigned-by system". Otherwise, the rules seem to be OK if we assume
> > that any other mandatory nodes are up to the client to fill in.
> > 
> > Lada
> > 
> >> Yours,
> >> Joel
> >>
> >>
> >> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> >>> Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> >>>> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
> >>>>
> >>>> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622
> >>>>
> >>>> I am personally in favor of this, but the concensus was not.  The
> >>>> issue is still marked open, so perhaps it's time for another concensus
> >>>> call?
> >>> I'm also in favor of this, but I'm not sure I want to re-open the
> >>> concensus call.  See the email
> >>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01622.html for
> >>> some open issues.  My main concern is that if we add this it will
> >>> delay the process.  This is a known issue, and the WG decided to not
> >>> add any more features.  This issue was known at the time.  There are
> >>> more nice to haves that could be added, but at some point we have to
> >>> stop.
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> /martin
> >>>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> netmod mailing list
> >> netmod@ietf.org
> >> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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In one sense, I follow your reasoning.
"Mandatory" means "must exist when validation occurs" (which allows for 
the differences between running and other configs as to when validation 
occurs.)

Therefore, you can argue that if the system provides the value, then the 
mandatory value "exists" at the right time, even though the managing 
application did not provide such a value, even for things created during 
system operation.

However, from the point of view of a managing application trying to use 
the data-model, that appears to make the "mandatory" flag irrelevant.

Under the model in which the managing application had to provide all 
mandatory elements before verification would pass, a smart human 
interface application could build up the model as things were defined, 
and could warn the human being before he hits the verify/commit button 
that critical things are missing.

Another potential use for "mandatory" would be to have a generalized 
validator that runs on the managed device to check that configs match 
the data model before they get committed.  (In some designs, that could 
reduce later error checks.)  However, as best I can imagine, for that to 
have any utility it would have to run before any system processes that 
fill in special values.  So it can not complain about missing mandatory 
elements, since the system may decide "oh, that's okay, I know what to 
do about that missing value."  Again, "mandatory" becomes part of the 
description, telling humans that if they don't provide it, the system will.

Under the interpretation whereby the system might choose to fill it in, 
the mandatory tag might as well be part of the description clause for 
all the good I can understand.

Yours,
Joel

Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Joel M. Halpern píše v St 19. 08. 2009 v 09:42 -0400:
>> The problem however remains for later additions.
>> The user, via the management application (manager), adds a new piece of 
>> configuration.
>> That piece of configuration has a piece of information in it that must 
>> exist for the system to work.
>> Currently, if we label that piece of information "mandatory", then the 
>> user / manager must include that piece of information in the provided 
>> config.
>> If, instead, we tag that piece as having a default, the current 
>> definitions require that the model writer define the default value, and 
>> that the node have that value.
>>
>> Thus, if the system is capable of setting the value, but the user is 
>> allowed to set it, the model must leave off both the mandatory and the 
>> default statements.
>> But this piece of information has significant semantic differences from 
>> a fully optional element.
> 
> The current "mandatory" clause addresses the static state of a datastore
> and I would prefer to keep it that way because the DSDL mapping relies
> on it. The specification whether a particular leaf's value may/must be
> set by the client, server or both is a new orthogonal feature and should
> be handled separately, but probably not now, as Martin said.
> 
> Lada
> 
>> If we do not want to define a new statement to represent this kind of 
>> configuration information, then we need text to reduce the human 
>> astonishment.  If the user does not provide a value, and the system does 
>> provide a value, does that magically appear when the user does a get of 
>> that configuration?  Or does it appear only for with-defaults even 
>> though the item has no default statement?
>>
>> Yours,
>> Joel
>>
>>
>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>> Joel M. Halpern píše v Út 18. 08. 2009 v 11:03 -0400:
>>>> I could certainly live with adding "agent-supplied value", or 
>>>> "assigned-by-system."
>>>> I understand Martin's argument for not adding a new feature.
>>>>
>>>> But if we are not going to add a feature, then I think we MUST (in the 
>>>> ineroperability sense) add some words that explain how this is supposed 
>>>> to work.  It is quite clear that people understand it differently. 
>>>> (Ladislav's understanding of how one could use Mandatory for this is 
>>>> just one example.  I do not read the text as allowing the behavior he 
>>>> understand in good faith to be correct and appropraite.)
>>> I also have to apologize for contributing to the confusion. After
>>> reading Phil's later message I realized the misunderstanding was mainly
>>> due to the lack of distinction between the assumptions on the initial
>>> configuration on one side and subsequent edits on the other.
>>>
>>> Some explanation of the former is needed in the sense that the server
>>> must provide certain minimum set of mandatory nodes in order to make the
>>> initial configuration valid - these nodes are thus implicitly
>>> "assigned-by system". Otherwise, the rules seem to be OK if we assume
>>> that any other mandatory nodes are up to the client to fill in.
>>>
>>> Lada
>>>
>>>> Yours,
>>>> Joel
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>>>> Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
>>>>>> I believe it was articulated in the "assigned-by system" proposal:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki/Issues_yang#issue-01622
>>>>>>
>>>>>> I am personally in favor of this, but the concensus was not.  The
>>>>>> issue is still marked open, so perhaps it's time for another concensus
>>>>>> call?
>>>>> I'm also in favor of this, but I'm not sure I want to re-open the
>>>>> concensus call.  See the email
>>>>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg01622.html for
>>>>> some open issues.  My main concern is that if we add this it will
>>>>> delay the process.  This is a known issue, and the WG decided to not
>>>>> add any more features.  This issue was known at the time.  There are
>>>>> more nice to haves that could be added, but at some point we have to
>>>>> stop.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> /martin
>>>>>
>>>> _______________________________________________
>>>> netmod mailing list
>>>> netmod@ietf.org
>>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Wed Aug 19 07:38:26 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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This is an interesting idea.

Given that the data model already requires that the modeller figure out 
what is mandatory and what isn't (and that providing for system-provided 
values requires the modeler to understand what the system can or can not 
provide), I think the variation in situations (in Lada's comments on 
this) merely indicates that one model does not cover all cases.  (I 
presume that careful use of choice would allow one to cover more cases, 
but probably not all.)

Allow me to paraphrase to see if I understand you correctly.
For a piece of configurable information which the system will create a 
value (essentially a more complex default), one can model this with a 
pair of pieces of information:
A state variable, for example in-use-mtu
A configuration variable, for example configured-mtu.

The configured variable would not be mandatory.  If it is not provided, 
it is not present.  If a manager wants to know what value is being used, 
he can always read the state variable.  (There is no leafref, since the 
values of the two are loosely coupled.)

While there is a bit of a loss of semantic content, this is useable.

If we decide this is how we think this aspect should be handled, we need 
to tell people in the model itself.  Otherwise, folks will do all sorts 
of different things, and management applications will have no clue what 
is going on.

Yours,
Joel

Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
..
> I think the MTU value that pops up when I initialize an interface with
> no explicit configuration is operational state and not config state.
> So the above definition of if-mtu is likely a data modeling error.
> 
> And perhaps most parameters a system uses if you switch it on are just
> operational state and not really config data. A home router might boot
> up with a default non-global IP address and this can again be
> considered operational state since there is no config data yet. I
> guess I start to like the model where stuff that has not be
> explicitely configured really is not configuration and thus not part
> of a configuration datastore.
> 
> /js
> 

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 19 07:58:31 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> This is a new feature request.
>> I do not want to change the meaning of nc:replace now.
>> The nc:operation attribute applies only to
>> the subtree it appears in -- not its siblings.
> 
> Absolutely!
> 
> This subtree:
> 
>   <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
> 
> replaces the domain-search leaf-list.


no -- it replaces the 1 leaf-list node with
the value 'high.example.com'.  It does not affect
any siblings of the 'high.example.com' instance.


each leaf-list value is unique and separate

<config>
  <a>1</a>
  <a>2</a>
  <a>3</a>
</config>


This is 3 leaf-list nodes, not 1 leaf-list.


> 
> And this subtree:
> 
>   <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
> 
> merges a new entry with the existing list.
> 
>> Delete the whole leaf-list, then add it back.
>> Problem solved.
> 
> That would be perfectly fine, but how do you delete a leaf-list?  The
> draft says:
> 
>   o  If the operation is "delete" the entry is deleted from
>      the leaf-list if it exists.
> 

<config>
  <a nc:operation="delete">1</a>
</config>

result:

<config>
  <a>2</a>
  <a>3</a>
</config>



> So this won't work:
> 
>   <domain-search nc:operation="delete"/>
> 
> b/c it will delete the leaf-list entry "".
> 

correct -- you have to specify the value of the leaf-list getting deleted

> 
> /martin
> 
> 

Andy


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Joel M. Halpern wrote:
> This is an interesting idea.
> 
> Given that the data model already requires that the modeller figure out
> what is mandatory and what isn't (and that providing for system-provided
> values requires the modeler to understand what the system can or can not
> provide), I think the variation in situations (in Lada's comments on
> this) merely indicates that one model does not cover all cases.  (I
> presume that careful use of choice would allow one to cover more cases,
> but probably not all.)
> 
> Allow me to paraphrase to see if I understand you correctly.
> For a piece of configurable information which the system will create a
> value (essentially a more complex default), one can model this with a
> pair of pieces of information:
> A state variable, for example in-use-mtu
> A configuration variable, for example configured-mtu.
> 


We are drifting into data model design issues,
but that is good, because the if-mtu object
is the poster child for confusion about
interactions between the mandatory and default statements.

There seems to be 3 ways to model this object (so far):

A)
   if-mtu {
     type uint32;
     mandatory true;
   }

B)
   if-mtu {
     type uint32;
     // assigned-by system
   }

C)
   if-mtu {
     type uint32;
     config false;
   }
   desired-if-mtu {
     type uint32;
   }


> The configured variable would not be mandatory.  If it is not provided,
> it is not present.  If a manager wants to know what value is being used,
> he can always read the state variable.  (There is no leafref, since the
> values of the two are loosely coupled.)
> 
> While there is a bit of a loss of semantic content, this is useable.
> 


I am still concerned about the lack of any mechanism
in YANG for the data modeler to declare a parameter
that MUST NOT have a device-assigned value.
This applies to /rpc/input, not just data nodes.
It will be left to description statements and extensions.

> If we decide this is how we think this aspect should be handled, we need
> to tell people in the model itself.  Otherwise, folks will do all sorts
> of different things, and management applications will have no clue what
> is going on.
> 
> Yours,
> Joel
> 


Andy


> Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> ..
>> I think the MTU value that pops up when I initialize an interface with
>> no explicit configuration is operational state and not config state.
>> So the above definition of if-mtu is likely a data modeling error.
>>
>> And perhaps most parameters a system uses if you switch it on are just
>> operational state and not really config data. A home router might boot
>> up with a default non-global IP address and this can again be
>> considered operational state since there is no config data yet. I
>> guess I start to like the model where stuff that has not be
>> explicitely configured really is not configuration and thus not part
>> of a configuration datastore.
>>
>> /js
>>
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 



From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 19 09:41:35 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> We are drifting into data model design issues,
> but that is good, because the if-mtu object
> is the poster child for confusion about
> interactions between the mandatory and default statements.
> 
> There seems to be 3 ways to model this object (so far):
> 
> A)
>    if-mtu {
>      type uint32;
>      mandatory true;
>    }
> 
> B)
>    if-mtu {
>      type uint32;
>      // assigned-by system
>    }
> 
> C)
>    if-mtu {
>      type uint32;
>      config false;
>    }
>    desired-if-mtu {
>      type uint32;
>    }

D)
   leaf if-mtu {
     type uint32;
     // dynamic-default;
   }

You might argue that D isn't very good, b/c it relies on the
with-defaults capability for a client to learn what the value is.

B isn't perhaps very common, since it will actually create a something
in the config data store.

> I am still concerned about the lack of any mechanism
> in YANG for the data modeler to declare a parameter
> that MUST NOT have a device-assigned value.

You keep saying that, and I keep saying that this is what 'mandatory'
does.

I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
created as part of initial pre-loading.


/martin

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Wed Aug 19 09:54:24 2009
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That (D) seems confusing to me.  Continuing below.

Martin Bjorklund wrote:
...
> D)
>    leaf if-mtu {
>      type uint32;
>      // dynamic-default;
>    }
> 
> You might argue that D isn't very good, b/c it relies on the
> with-defaults capability for a client to learn what the value is.

If we are going to say that something that is declared without a default 
clause may
a) have a value
b) not appear in response to a normal get
c) appear in response to a get with-defaults

then we better document that VERY clearly.
It would seem to me that at that point the managing application would 
have to do a get with-defaults all the time, because otherwise it would 
not know what values things have, or whether things have a value.

If we were willing to have feature creep, and wanted to have a way to 
represent this, I suppose we could have a default syntax along the lines 
of "default-dynamic" as an actual statement with no parameters, which 
would at least tell the application what is happening.

(Personally, I don't care what syntax is used to represent this case 
assigned-by, dynamic-default, ...  I can even live with significant 
explanatory text.  But I would not bet on itneroperability as things 
stand right now.)

Yours,
Joel

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 19 10:08:28 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> We are drifting into data model design issues,
>> but that is good, because the if-mtu object
>> is the poster child for confusion about
>> interactions between the mandatory and default statements.
>>
>> There seems to be 3 ways to model this object (so far):
>>
>> A)
>>    if-mtu {
>>      type uint32;
>>      mandatory true;
>>    }
>>
>> B)
>>    if-mtu {
>>      type uint32;
>>      // assigned-by system
>>    }
>>
>> C)
>>    if-mtu {
>>      type uint32;
>>      config false;
>>    }
>>    desired-if-mtu {
>>      type uint32;
>>    }
> 
> D)
>    leaf if-mtu {
>      type uint32;
>      // dynamic-default;
>    }
> 
> You might argue that D isn't very good, b/c it relies on the
> with-defaults capability for a client to learn what the value is.
> 

no -- it is good.
If the device saved the if-mtu leaf in NV-storage, it
would definitely be (A).

If not, then it is still ambiguous, because of the
way defaults work in YANG.  I think (B) and (D)
are going to be far more prevalent than we would like,
which is not good news for automation tool developers.

We can see how things work out, and if any proprietary
extensions do a good job of addressing the issues.


> B isn't perhaps very common, since it will actually create a something
> in the config data store.
> 
>> I am still concerned about the lack of any mechanism
>> in YANG for the data modeler to declare a parameter
>> that MUST NOT have a device-assigned value.
> 
> You keep saying that, and I keep saying that this is what 'mandatory'
> does.

No.  The definition in the draft just refers to
a valid configuration. It says nothing about
how the value got there.

This issue applies to /rpc/input and data nodes.

  rpc ping {
    input {
      leaf host {
         type inet:ip-address;
         mandatory true;
      }
    }
  }

A device is allowed to provide its own value for mandatory=true leafs.
That isn't what I want in this data model design.  Just because
192.168.0.1 is a valid address, does not mean that would be a good
address to ping, in case <host> is missing.  It MUST be a data-missing
error in all implementations.

Is that what this YANG specifies?
Or does it say the opposite -- that an agent MAY provide a value
in this case?


> 
> I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
> by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
> created as part of initial pre-loading.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> I am still concerned about the lack of any mechanism
> >> in YANG for the data modeler to declare a parameter
> >> that MUST NOT have a device-assigned value.
> > 
> > You keep saying that, and I keep saying that this is what 'mandatory'
> > does.
> 
> No.  The definition in the draft just refers to
> a valid configuration. It says nothing about
> how the value got there.

What text would you like to see added?

> This issue applies to /rpc/input and data nodes.
> 
>   rpc ping {
>     input {
>       leaf host {
>          type inet:ip-address;
>          mandatory true;
>       }
>     }
>   }
> 
> A device is allowed to provide its own value for mandatory=true leafs.
> That isn't what I want in this data model design.  Just because
> 192.168.0.1 is a valid address, does not mean that would be a good
> address to ping, in case <host> is missing.  It MUST be a data-missing
> error in all implementations.
> 
> Is that what this YANG specifies?

That's the intention.

> Or does it say the opposite -- that an agent MAY provide a value
> in this case?

No.

> > I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
> > by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
> > created as part of initial pre-loading.

But at the same time I want to allow devices to do initial pre-loading
of the data store.


/martin

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 19 10:39:31 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> I am still concerned about the lack of any mechanism
>>>> in YANG for the data modeler to declare a parameter
>>>> that MUST NOT have a device-assigned value.
>>> You keep saying that, and I keep saying that this is what 'mandatory'
>>> does.
>> No.  The definition in the draft just refers to
>> a valid configuration. It says nothing about
>> how the value got there.
> 
> What text would you like to see added?
> 

7.13.2, para 2:

OLD:
   If a leaf in the input tree has a "mandatory" statement with the
   value "true", the leaf MUST be present in a NETCONF RPC invocation.

NEW:
   If a leaf in the input tree has a "mandatory" statement with the
   value "true", the leaf MUST be present in a NETCONF RPC invocation.
   Otherwise, a device MUST return a 'data-missing' error.


Since there is ambiguity about how an existing data node
can become present in the database, we should make it clear
there is no ambiguity about rpc/input.

I'm sorry it took so many emails to get to the 1 sentence
that I would like to see added to the draft.


>> This issue applies to /rpc/input and data nodes.
>>
>>   rpc ping {
>>     input {
>>       leaf host {
>>          type inet:ip-address;
>>          mandatory true;
>>       }
>>     }
>>   }
>>
>> A device is allowed to provide its own value for mandatory=true leafs.
>> That isn't what I want in this data model design.  Just because
>> 192.168.0.1 is a valid address, does not mean that would be a good
>> address to ping, in case <host> is missing.  It MUST be a data-missing
>> error in all implementations.
>>
>> Is that what this YANG specifies?
> 
> That's the intention.
> 
>> Or does it say the opposite -- that an agent MAY provide a value
>> in this case?
> 
> No.
> 

good

>>> I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
>>> by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
>>> created as part of initial pre-loading.
> 
> But at the same time I want to allow devices to do initial pre-loading
> of the data store.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

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Subject: Re: [netmod] Terminology2 was Re:  leafref problems
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---- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 8:52 AM

> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > Logical but, taken together, that's a surprise.  So  with suitable imports
and
> > prefixes
> >
> > module m {grouping g { leaf x ...
> > module n  {uses g ...
> >
> > x is not top-level in module m but is top-level in module n.
>
> Yes.

Logical

> > I would like this spelt out in the I-D; I suggest amending
> > 5.5 to become
> >     only top-level types and groupings
> > ie those appearing as substatements to a module or submodule statement
> >    can be used outside the module or
>
> Ok, fixed.
>

Good

> > 6.2.1 bullet 7 I am unclear about; does a
> > 'module n { uses g
> > make leaf x top level in this case?
>
> Yes.  I changed this a bit into:
>
> - All leafs, leaf-lists, lists, containers, choices, rpcs,
>   notifications, and anyxmls defined (directly or through a uses
>   statement) within a parent node or at the top-level of the module or
>   its submodules share the same identifier namespace.

Good

> > Add
> > A top-level configuration data node is one where there is no other data node
> > between it and a module or submodule statement.  Note that the 'grouping'
and
> > 'uses' statements do not themselves instantiate data nodes but that a 'uses'
> > statement that is not within a grouping instantiates the nodes that appear
in
> > the  'grouping' statement that it references.
> >
> > If that sounds complicated, well it is:-)
> >
> > It is needed for the usual suspects, 'when' 'path' 'instance-identifier'
> > 'must',
> > could appear in all four or perhaps better in 6.2.1 or 6.4.
>
> How about putting it in the Terminology section?  Also, I am not
> convinced the "Note" part is necessary.  Section 7.11 on grouping
> says:
>
>    The grouping statement is not a data definition statement and, as
>    such, does not define any nodes in the schema tree.
>
> Note that we also have:
>
> - data definition statement: A statement that defines new data
>   nodes.  One of container, leaf, leaf-list, list, choice, case,
>   augment, uses, and anyxml.
>
> So I hope it is clear that 'uses' defines data nodes but groupings do
> not.
>
> I propose to add this to Terminology:
>
> - top-level data node: A data node where there is no other data node
>   between it and a module or submodule statement.

Um.   We have schema tree and data tree and schema nodes go in the schema
tree and data nodes go in ... the schema tree:-(  I have tripped over this more
than once, so I am wary around data nodes.

But it is grouping that is the bigger problem.  It is not even a schema node,
yet its
position w.r.t schema nodes is significant, top-level or no, what parent it has.
I think of it as another type of node, but don't have a term for that type.

Thus there are
data nodes:
  container, leaf, leaf-list, list, anyxml
schema nodes:
  data nodes plus
  choice, case, rpc, input, output, notification
grouping:
  a reusable set of nodes
which aren't actually anything until a uses statement appears.

So while the clarification is there in 7.11 it is missing from terminology, and
until
I had grasped all the YANG statements, I had not noticed its absence.  Hence my
tendency to hammer the point that grouping may not be anything like you've seen
before (see prefixes in groupings:-).

Pro tem., I suggest adding your definition of top-level data node to Terminology
but also adding that sentence from 7.11 to grouping in Terminology.

And I will mull over it some more, how else grouping might be characterised.

Tom Petch

> /martin


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Andy Bierman writes:
>We can see how things work out, and if any proprietary
>extensions do a good job of addressing the issues.

Sounds good.  Let's let this issue drop.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 19 12:18:48 2009
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To: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>OK, my point just is that if there is any parameter at all that is
>absolutely essential for a device or protocol, it should be declared as
>mandatory in the generic data model. The fact that some implementations
>choose to set it from NVRAM or even have it hardwired doesn't make it
>optional and/or state data.

This is where the quality and flexibility of the model will come
into play.  If the model is tightly drawn, the number of deviations
will be high.  If the model is more flexible, then the need for
deviations should be low.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 19 12:32:01 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>> OK, my point just is that if there is any parameter at all that is
>> absolutely essential for a device or protocol, it should be declared as
>> mandatory in the generic data model. The fact that some implementations
>> choose to set it from NVRAM or even have it hardwired doesn't make it
>> optional and/or state data.
> 
> This is where the quality and flexibility of the model will come
> into play.  If the model is tightly drawn, the number of deviations
> will be high.  If the model is more flexible, then the need for
> deviations should be low.
> 

This would only prove the standard specification was too vague.
Dynamic defaults are a good use of deviations, to fully document
the device behavior.

> Thanks,
>  Phil

Andy


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Andy Bierman writes:
>This would only prove the standard specification was too vague.
>Dynamic defaults are a good use of deviations, to fully document
>the device behavior.

I guess this depends on the style of modeling.  The JUNOS models
don't include a default MTU, with the expectation that each interface
will choose a reasonable one.  IMHO forcing this issue (on which
reasonable implementations disagree) means you are drawing the
model too tightly.

Thanks,
 Phil

From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 19 12:55:11 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > What text would you like to see added?
> > 
> 
> 7.13.2, para 2:
> 
> OLD:
>    If a leaf in the input tree has a "mandatory" statement with the
>    value "true", the leaf MUST be present in a NETCONF RPC invocation.
> 
> NEW:
>    If a leaf in the input tree has a "mandatory" statement with the
>    value "true", the leaf MUST be present in a NETCONF RPC invocation.
>    Otherwise, a device MUST return a 'data-missing' error.

Fixed.  (with s/a device/the server/).



/martin

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Wed Aug 19 12:57:30 2009
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My concern is that given a model, it appears from the discussion that 
different device implementors will do different things, thinking that 
they are doing exactly what the model tells them.  Similarly, different 
management applications will draw different interpretations.

That does not sound like a recipe for interoperability.

Yours,
Joel

Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> This would only prove the standard specification was too vague.
>> Dynamic defaults are a good use of deviations, to fully document
>> the device behavior.
> 
> I guess this depends on the style of modeling.  The JUNOS models
> don't include a default MTU, with the expectation that each interface
> will choose a reasonable one.  IMHO forcing this issue (on which
> reasonable implementations disagree) means you are drawing the
> model too tightly.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Wed Aug 19 13:21:19 2009
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Martin Bjorklund píše v St 19. 08. 2009 v 18:41 +0200:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > We are drifting into data model design issues,
> > but that is good, because the if-mtu object
> > is the poster child for confusion about
> > interactions between the mandatory and default statements.
> > 
> > There seems to be 3 ways to model this object (so far):
> > 
> > A)
> >    if-mtu {
> >      type uint32;
> >      mandatory true;
> >    }
> > 
> > B)
> >    if-mtu {
> >      type uint32;
> >      // assigned-by system
> >    }
> > 
> > C)
> >    if-mtu {
> >      type uint32;
> >      config false;
> >    }
> >    desired-if-mtu {
> >      type uint32;
> >    }
> 
> D)
>    leaf if-mtu {
>      type uint32;
>      // dynamic-default;
>    }

So let me add one more:

E)
    leaf if-mtu {
        type uint32;
        default 1500;
    }

Lada

> 
> You might argue that D isn't very good, b/c it relies on the
> with-defaults capability for a client to learn what the value is.
> 
> B isn't perhaps very common, since it will actually create a something
> in the config data store.
> 
> > I am still concerned about the lack of any mechanism
> > in YANG for the data modeler to declare a parameter
> > that MUST NOT have a device-assigned value.
> 
> You keep saying that, and I keep saying that this is what 'mandatory'
> does.
> 
> I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
> by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
> created as part of initial pre-loading.
> 
> 
> /martin
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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If that were what the data model said, then presumably an application 
which knew that no one had modified the object (for example, it had jsut 
created the object), could reasoanbly assume that the mtu would be 1500, 
and does not need to read it to confirm that.

If that is not the case, then the value in the default statement appears 
to be without meaning.

Yours,
Joel

Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
...
> So let me add one more:
> 
> E)
>     leaf if-mtu {
>         type uint32;
>         default 1500;
>     }
> 
> Lada
...

From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Wed Aug 19 19:37:26 2009
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Hi,
 
>  I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
>  by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
>  created as part of initial pre-loading.

mandatory top-level nodes are alway kept in my mind. Those nodes could
not be set via <edit-config>, they should be set before NETCONF is started.
So how to interpret 'mandatory' for top-level nodes?

washam

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Hi,

> Why do you say that they (mandatory top level nodes) can not be set by 
> 
>  edit-config.
>  While it is true that they must exist in all configs, that does not 
>  prevent an edit-config operation from changing the value.

You are right, mandatory top level nodes can be MODIFIED by edit-config
definitely. Sorry for that and thank you for pointing it out.

I meant, (a) some mandatory nodes should be created when the hierarchy (which
is not the whole module) is created, and (b) some mandatory nodes (including
top-level mandatory) should be created when the module is loaded. In the
latter case, the mandatory nodes should be CREATED before <edit-config>
can be used.

Since the prevalent interpretation of  'mandatory' is the value should be
supplied by manager. My concern is how to do that in the case (b) with
NETCONF.

Thanks,
washam

>  Yours,
>  Joel
>  
>  
>  WashamFan wrote:
>  > Hi,
>  >  
>  >>  I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
>  >>  by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
>  >>  created as part of initial pre-loading.
>  > 
>  > mandatory top-level nodes are alway kept in my mind. Those nodes could
>  > not be set via <edit-config>, they should be set before NETCONF is 
> started.
>  > So how to interpret 'mandatory' for top-level nodes?
>  > 
>  > washam
>  > _______________________________________________
>  > netmod mailing list
>  > netmod@ietf.org
>  > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
>  > 
>  

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 19 20:31:16 2009
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
> 
>> Why do you say that they (mandatory top level nodes) can not be set by 
>>
>>  edit-config.
>>  While it is true that they must exist in all configs, that does not 
>>  prevent an edit-config operation from changing the value.
> 
> You are right, mandatory top level nodes can be MODIFIED by edit-config
> definitely. Sorry for that and thank you for pointing it out.
> 
> I meant, (a) some mandatory nodes should be created when the hierarchy (which
> is not the whole module) is created, and (b) some mandatory nodes (including
> top-level mandatory) should be created when the module is loaded. In the
> latter case, the mandatory nodes should be CREATED before <edit-config>
> can be used.
> 
> Since the prevalent interpretation of  'mandatory' is the value should be
> supplied by manager. My concern is how to do that in the case (b) with
> NETCONF.
> 

Since the client does not know if the server is going to
create a mandatory leaf at module-load-time, the only
safe thing to do is never define a top-level mandatory node
in a YANG module.

That is what yang-usage-01 specifies.


> Thanks,
> washam


Andy

From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Wed Aug 19 20:47:41 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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Hi,

>  >> Why do you say that they (mandatory top level nodes) can not be 
> set by 
>  >>
>  >>  edit-config.
>  >>  While it is true that they must exist in all configs, that does 
> not 
>  >>  prevent an edit-config operation from changing the value.
>  > 
>  > You are right, mandatory top level nodes can be MODIFIED by edit-config
>  > definitely. Sorry for that and thank you for pointing it out.
>  > 
>  > I meant, (a) some mandatory nodes should be created when the 
> hierarchy (which
>  > is not the whole module) is created, and (b) some mandatory nodes (including
>  > top-level mandatory) should be created when the module is loaded. 
> In the
>  > latter case, the mandatory nodes should be CREATED before <edit-config>
>  > can be used.
>  > 
>  > Since the prevalent interpretation of  'mandatory' is the value 
> should be
>  > supplied by manager. My concern is how to do that in the case (b) with
>  > NETCONF.
>  > 
>  
>  Since the client does not know if the server is going to
>  create a mandatory leaf at module-load-time, the only
>  safe thing to do is never define a top-level mandatory node
>  in a YANG module.

Shouldn't mandatory nodes be created only by the client? Why
the client care about the behavior of the server? 'mandatory'
means the value MUST exist and MUST be supplied by the client,
does it? I am still confused.

Thanks,
washam
  
>  That is what yang-usage-01 specifies.

  

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 19 21:09:41 2009
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
> 
>>  >> Why do you say that they (mandatory top level nodes) can not be 
>> set by 
>>  >>
>>  >>  edit-config.
>>  >>  While it is true that they must exist in all configs, that does 
>> not 
>>  >>  prevent an edit-config operation from changing the value.
>>  > 
>>  > You are right, mandatory top level nodes can be MODIFIED by edit-config
>>  > definitely. Sorry for that and thank you for pointing it out.
>>  > 
>>  > I meant, (a) some mandatory nodes should be created when the 
>> hierarchy (which
>>  > is not the whole module) is created, and (b) some mandatory nodes (including
>>  > top-level mandatory) should be created when the module is loaded. 
>> In the
>>  > latter case, the mandatory nodes should be CREATED before <edit-config>
>>  > can be used.
>>  > 
>>  > Since the prevalent interpretation of  'mandatory' is the value 
>> should be
>>  > supplied by manager. My concern is how to do that in the case (b) with
>>  > NETCONF.
>>  > 
>>  
>>  Since the client does not know if the server is going to
>>  create a mandatory leaf at module-load-time, the only
>>  safe thing to do is never define a top-level mandatory node
>>  in a YANG module.
> 
> Shouldn't mandatory nodes be created only by the client? Why
> the client care about the behavior of the server? 'mandatory'
> means the value MUST exist and MUST be supplied by the client,
> does it? I am still confused.
> 

no. that is only for /rpc/input.
for data nodes, mandatory=true just means the
node MUST exist in the running database.

> Thanks,
> washam
>   


Andy

From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Wed Aug 19 21:09:57 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] leaf-list problem
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Hi,

----- Original Message -----
From: Martin Bjorklund <mbj@tail-f.com>
Date: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 6:41 pm
Subject: Re: [netmod] leaf-list problem
To: andy@netconfcentral.com
Cc: netmod@ietf.org


> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>  > This is a new feature request.
>  > I do not want to change the meaning of nc:replace now.
>  > The nc:operation attribute applies only to
>  > the subtree it appears in -- not its siblings.
>  
>  Absolutely!
>  
>  This subtree:
>  
>    <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
>  
>  replaces the domain-search leaf-list.
>  
>  And this subtree:
>  
>    <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
>  
>  merges a new entry with the existing list.
>  
>  > Delete the whole leaf-list, then add it back.
>  > Problem solved.
>  
>  That would be perfectly fine, but how do you delete a leaf-list?  The
>  draft says:
>  
>    o  If the operation is "delete" the entry is deleted from
>       the leaf-list if it exists.
>  
>  So this won't work:
>  
>    <domain-search nc:operation="delete"/>
>  
>  b/c it will delete the leaf-list entry "".

If I understand correctly, the behavior of 'replace' you'd like can be divided
into 2 steps: 1) delete all existing leaf-list entries 2) merge the new entry.

As I know, you could not achieve step 1) at once especially there exists
many entries. So, I prefer add a feature to clean up a leaf-list at once 
instead of integrating this feature into 'replace' semantics if it is neccessary.

washam

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From: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] leaf-list problem
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Martin Bjorklund <mbj@tail-f.com>
> Date: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 6:41 pm
> Subject: Re: [netmod] leaf-list problem
> To: andy@netconfcentral.com
> Cc: netmod@ietf.org
> 
> 
>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>  > This is a new feature request.
>>  > I do not want to change the meaning of nc:replace now.
>>  > The nc:operation attribute applies only to
>>  > the subtree it appears in -- not its siblings.
>>  
>>  Absolutely!
>>  
>>  This subtree:
>>  
>>    <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
>>  
>>  replaces the domain-search leaf-list.
>>  
>>  And this subtree:
>>  
>>    <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
>>  
>>  merges a new entry with the existing list.
>>  
>>  > Delete the whole leaf-list, then add it back.
>>  > Problem solved.
>>  
>>  That would be perfectly fine, but how do you delete a leaf-list?  The
>>  draft says:
>>  
>>    o  If the operation is "delete" the entry is deleted from
>>       the leaf-list if it exists.
>>  
>>  So this won't work:
>>  
>>    <domain-search nc:operation="delete"/>
>>  
>>  b/c it will delete the leaf-list entry "".
> 
> If I understand correctly, the behavior of 'replace' you'd like can be divided
> into 2 steps: 1) delete all existing leaf-list entries 2) merge the new entry.
> 
> As I know, you could not achieve step 1) at once especially there exists
> many entries. So, I prefer add a feature to clean up a leaf-list at once 
> instead of integrating this feature into 'replace' semantics if it is neccessary.
> 

I agree.
I do not want to change the way nc:operation works
by overloading one of the existing values.
That is very confusing, and kind of a hack.

Right now, the application has to retrieve the current
leaf-list from each device and provide delete operations
for them.  Just like list entries.  I prefer this
consistent behavior, and also keeping the nc:operation
attribute to process only the current sub-tree.


   <config>
       <domain-search>high.example.com</domain-search>
       <domain-search>low.example.com</domain-search>
       <domain-search nc:operation="delete">ftp.example.com</domain-search>
       <domain-search nc:operation="delete">www.example.com</domain-search>
   </config>



The current proposal is broken just by including 2
replace operations for the same leaf-list:

   <config>
       <domain-search nc:operation="replace">high.example.com</domain-search>
       <domain-search nc:operation="replace">low.example.com</domain-search>
   </config>

This is perfectly valid according to RFC 4741 because each replace
applies only to the domain-search leaf-list instance.  Not all instances
of the leaf-list.

This is an issue for RFC4741-bis -- whether or not to
change the meaning of the nc:operation attribute.


> washam
> 

Andy

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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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Martin Bjorklund <mbj@tail-f.com> wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > > What text would you like to see added?
> > > 
> > 
> > 7.13.2, para 2:
> > 
> > OLD:
> >    If a leaf in the input tree has a "mandatory" statement with the
> >    value "true", the leaf MUST be present in a NETCONF RPC invocation.
> > 
> > NEW:
> >    If a leaf in the input tree has a "mandatory" statement with the
> >    value "true", the leaf MUST be present in a NETCONF RPC invocation.
> >    Otherwise, a device MUST return a 'data-missing' error.
> 
> Fixed.  (with s/a device/the server/).

I was too quick.  The error message should be 'missing-element'.


/martin

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WashamFan píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 10:36 +0800:
> Hi,
>  
> >  I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
> >  by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
> >  created as part of initial pre-loading.
> 
> mandatory top-level nodes are alway kept in my mind. Those nodes could
> not be set via <edit-config>, they should be set before NETCONF is started.
> So how to interpret 'mandatory' for top-level nodes?

My proposal is to require the device to set all mandatory nodes in the
"minimum valid configuration" (which may also include leafs that are not
top-level).

Lada

> 
> washam
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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I am not sure I follow what you are suggesting.
In the initial config, that the box comes up with, all configuration 
level mandatory nodes must exist.  Whether this is done by the 
manufacturer preloading such a config, by magic, or by the device 
creating likely useful vvalues for these does not change them.

However, when a netconf application uses netconf to create a piece of 
configuration (for example, the top level of a module), then that 
application (and / or the user behind it) is responsible for providing 
all top level mandatory pieces of information.  That can be done in 
steps, for example in :candidate before a commit.  But the user is 
responsible.

I think we are talking about the strange case where the component is 
defined in a module, but is separate from the basic thing the user is 
trying to create.
As far as I can tell, it is still the users responsbility to create it, 
because there is no time point in time before the commit when the system 
can create it / them for him.  And at the commit what the user has 
provided has to be valid.

Admittedly, this is pretty awkward.  As such, Andy's recommendation in 
the usage guidelines is probably the right answer.  "Don't do that."

Yours,
Joel

Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> WashamFan píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 10:36 +0800:
>> Hi,
>>  
>>>  I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
>>>  by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
>>>  created as part of initial pre-loading.
>> mandatory top-level nodes are alway kept in my mind. Those nodes could
>> not be set via <edit-config>, they should be set before NETCONF is started.
>> So how to interpret 'mandatory' for top-level nodes?
> 
> My proposal is to require the device to set all mandatory nodes in the
> "minimum valid configuration" (which may also include leafs that are not
> top-level).
> 
> Lada
> 
>> washam
>> _______________________________________________
>> netmod mailing list
>> netmod@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod

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Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>; "NETMOD Working Group"
<netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 10:29 PM

> If that were what the data model said, then presumably an application
> which knew that no one had modified the object (for example, it had jsut
> created the object), could reasoanbly assume that the mtu would be 1500,
> and does not need to read it to confirm that.
>
> If that is not the case, then the value in the default statement appears
> to be without meaning.

Joel

The meaning I give it is that the writer of the data model knows best,
perhaps because that is the WG in the SDO that developed the
protocol and has evolved it over the years.

So this is telling the application that unless the user of the application
comes up with a better idea, then this is the value that should be
set in the device.  The manufacturer of the device may have different ideas,
which no longer reflect best practice.  (Plenty of examples in IPv6
of that).

Alternatively, we could say that the manufacturer MUST ship the box
with values as per data model, but I prefer the first approach.

Of course, the value in question may be critical to the operation of
the box and cannot be omitted but, of course, the leaf cannot be defined
as 'mandatory'.

Tom Petch

> Yours,
> Joel
>
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> ...
> > So let me add one more:
> >
> > E)
> >     leaf if-mtu {
> >         type uint32;
> >         default 1500;
> >     }
> >
> > Lada
> ...
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod


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Cc: NETMOD Working Group <netmod@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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To paraphrase, you are looking at the default statement as a SHOULD 
strength statement about what the value ought to be in a newly created item.

As far as I can tell, that means that if a managing entity cares about 
that value, it better provide it even if the value it would provide is 
the same as the default.  Becuase it can not count on the machinery 
actually ending up with that value if it does not set it.

That is defensible, but it sure isn't what I thought the definition of 
the statement said.

Yours,
Joel

tom.petch wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
> To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>; "NETMOD Working Group"
> <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 10:29 PM
> 
>> If that were what the data model said, then presumably an application
>> which knew that no one had modified the object (for example, it had jsut
>> created the object), could reasoanbly assume that the mtu would be 1500,
>> and does not need to read it to confirm that.
>>
>> If that is not the case, then the value in the default statement appears
>> to be without meaning.
> 
> Joel
> 
> The meaning I give it is that the writer of the data model knows best,
> perhaps because that is the WG in the SDO that developed the
> protocol and has evolved it over the years.
> 
> So this is telling the application that unless the user of the application
> comes up with a better idea, then this is the value that should be
> set in the device.  The manufacturer of the device may have different ideas,
> which no longer reflect best practice.  (Plenty of examples in IPv6
> of that).
> 
> Alternatively, we could say that the manufacturer MUST ship the box
> with values as per data model, but I prefer the first approach.
> 
> Of course, the value in question may be critical to the operation of
> the box and cannot be omitted but, of course, the leaf cannot be defined
> as 'mandatory'.
> 
> Tom Petch
> 
>> Yours,
>> Joel
>>
>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>> ...
>>> So let me add one more:
>>>
>>> E)
>>>     leaf if-mtu {
>>>         type uint32;
>>>         default 1500;
>>>     }
>>>
>>> Lada
>> ...
>> _______________________________________________
>> netmod mailing list
>> netmod@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 
> 

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 20 11:29:56 2009
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Cc: NETMOD Working Group <netmod@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [netmod] agent-default -- new 3rd state
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Joel M. Halpern wrote:
> To paraphrase, you are looking at the default statement as a SHOULD
> strength statement about what the value ought to be in a newly created
> item.
> 

that got my attention...

We must not go back to the worthless SMIv2 DEFVAL design.
Let's keep 'default-stmt' mandatory-to-use by the device.
I have found many instances of writing YANG module
that the static default-stmt could be used.

I think a consensus has emerged that more machine-readable
standard language statements would be more precise than
the current 'mandatory=true' property.   However, there
is no consensus on the solution, so it should be left
out of YANG 1.0.

> As far as I can tell, that means that if a managing entity cares about
> that value, it better provide it even if the value it would provide is
> the same as the default.  Becuase it can not count on the machinery
> actually ending up with that value if it does not set it.
> 
> That is defensible, but it sure isn't what I thought the definition of
> the statement said.
> 
> Yours,
> Joel
> 


Andy

> tom.petch wrote:
>> ----- Original Message -----
>> From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
>> To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>; "NETMOD Working Group"
>> <netmod@ietf.org>
>> Sent: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 10:29 PM
>>
>>> If that were what the data model said, then presumably an application
>>> which knew that no one had modified the object (for example, it had jsut
>>> created the object), could reasoanbly assume that the mtu would be 1500,
>>> and does not need to read it to confirm that.
>>>
>>> If that is not the case, then the value in the default statement appears
>>> to be without meaning.
>>
>> Joel
>>
>> The meaning I give it is that the writer of the data model knows best,
>> perhaps because that is the WG in the SDO that developed the
>> protocol and has evolved it over the years.
>>
>> So this is telling the application that unless the user of the
>> application
>> comes up with a better idea, then this is the value that should be
>> set in the device.  The manufacturer of the device may have different
>> ideas,
>> which no longer reflect best practice.  (Plenty of examples in IPv6
>> of that).
>>
>> Alternatively, we could say that the manufacturer MUST ship the box
>> with values as per data model, but I prefer the first approach.
>>
>> Of course, the value in question may be critical to the operation of
>> the box and cannot be omitted but, of course, the leaf cannot be defined
>> as 'mandatory'.
>>
>> Tom Petch
>>
>>> Yours,
>>> Joel
>>>
>>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>> ...
>>>> So let me add one more:
>>>>
>>>> E)
>>>>     leaf if-mtu {
>>>>         type uint32;
>>>>         default 1500;
>>>>     }
>>>>
>>>> Lada
>>> ...
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> netmod mailing list
>>> netmod@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
>>
>>
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 


From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 20 11:33:46 2009
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"Joel M. Halpern" writes:
>To paraphrase, you are looking at the default statement as a SHOULD 
>strength statement about what the value ought to be in a newly created item.

The default is a MUST strength statement:

    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when
    the instance is created.

>As far as I can tell, that means that if a managing entity cares about 
>that value, it better provide it even if the value it would provide is 
>the same as the default.  Becuase it can not count on the machinery 
>actually ending up with that value if it does not set it.

Neither is true.  The managing entity can know that the device
will behave according to the "contract" that the YANG module
represents, and can count on the default value being used
internally when a value is not present in the configuration.

Thanks,
 Phil

From mbj@tail-f.com  Thu Aug 20 12:42:10 2009
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"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> Pro tem., I suggest adding your definition of top-level data node to
> Terminology
> but also adding that sentence from 7.11 to grouping in Terminology.

Just to make sure I get it right... when you say "that sentence", do
you mean:

  The grouping statement is not a data definition statement and, as
  such, does not define any nodes in the schema tree.



/martin

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 20 12:47:05 2009
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Does the regular expression given in the "pattern" statement match
the whole string, or just a portion?  That is, is there an implicit
"^" and "$"?

    pattern "(not )?ok";   // Does this match "yokel"?
    pattern "[a-f]{1,3}";  // Does this match "tobacco"?

Given that most expressions will need to match the entire string,
can we make the "^" and "$" implicit?  Or will we allow this to be
a common source of errors?

If they are implicit, one can match a portion of the string using
".*", like:

    pattern ".*ok.*";

Thanks,
 Phil

From per@tail-f.com  Thu Aug 20 13:39:48 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Pattern "ok"?
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On 2009-08-20 21:24, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Does the regular expression given in the "pattern" statement match
> the whole string, or just a portion?  That is, is there an implicit
> "^" and "$"?

There is, per the definition in [XSD-TYPES] - might also be inferred
from the last example in the draft, and maybe from "...values that
_completely_ matches the pattern." But I guess it wouldn't hurt to spell
it out.

--Per Hedeland

From david.partain@ericsson.com  Fri Aug 21 03:34:58 2009
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Subject: [netmod] Please submit open issues separately
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Hi all,

I'm have EXTREME difficulty understanding where people are and even what they 
think the issues are.

As such, I'd like to request the following:  If there is an issue that you 
think remains unresolved, please send mail to the list with

(1) a relevant subject stating what the issue is
(2) a pointer to the text in the document that you think has the issue, and
(3) if possible, a suggested textual fix that we can discuss.

We're all over the place at the moment, which concerns me.

Cheers,

David

ps. I hope to submit minutes in the next few hours for your comments.

From david.partain@ericsson.com  Fri Aug 21 05:57:11 2009
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Subject: [netmod] Draft minutes for IETF75 NETMOD sessions
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Greetings,

Please find my draft minutes for the two recent sessions at the 75th IETF in 
Stockholm.  Thanks very much to the notetakers!

I will submit these on Monday, so please have a look as soon as possible.

Cheers,

David

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+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
IETF 75, NETMOD WG  MONDAY, July 27, 2009, 1300-1500
David Kessens, David Partain

The chairs wish to thanks the notetakers:

Phil Shafer
Balazs Lengyel
Bert Wijnen
Ladislav Lhotka

Audio feed archive:
ftp://videolab.uoregon.edu/pub/videolab/media/ietf75/ietf75-mon-caberet-pm.mp3

Agenda slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-3.ppt

David Partain: No new work to be chartered before all current
items are in the hands of the IESG.  We still believe we will
send all documents to IESG in September

===================================================================

Architecture draft: Phil Shafer

Slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-2.ppt

Phil Shafer: Modified with comments, IMO it is ready.
David Partain: We will send it to last call after the IETF.

===================================================================

Common Data Types: Juergen Schoenwaelder

Slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-6.pdf

Juergen Schoenwaelder: If people have read the doc, please
support it actively!

1. new proposed type: date

David Partain: it seems a good idea

Straw poll: 6 for, against 0

2. new proposed type: time types

David Partain: Looks more difficult.

Phil Shafer: What is the use case?  What about weeks, fortnight?

Balazs Lengyel: seems too many

Ladislav Lhotka: 'units' YANG construct makes this superfluous,
against it

Andy Bierman: 'units' must be used consistently, standardizing
them makes it more uniform

Juergen Schoenwaelder: We can't force their usage anyway

David Partain: straw poll: yes 0, no 6-7

Andy Bierman: Could put suggested units name in usage draft; that
would be good enough

3. flagging SNMP compatibility

Juergen Schoenwaelder: OID, timeticks are not SNMP-specific

David Partain: What is the motivation?

Juergen Schoenwaelder: These types should not be used for
anything but SNMP

Andy Bierman: not clear how these SMI types are used in NETCONF

David Partain: So they should not be used for anything but SNMP
related stuff, is that correct Andy?

David Partain: straw poll: yes 0 no 6-7

Andy Bierman: the YANG object identifier is an XPath expression

Juergen Schoenwaelder: That's his terminology

4. absolute schema node ID type

Juergen Schoenwaelder: useful, but namespace prefixes are a problem

Martin Bjorklund: prefix mapping can be similar to the one for
instance identifier

Juergen Schoenwaelder: this points to schema nodes

Martin Bjorklund: this could point to choices, cases etc.

Martin Bjorklund: What is the use case, where would you use it?

Andy Bierman: leave it out I guess -- don't care

David Partain: straw poll yes: 0 no: 6-7

5. date-and-time timestamp type, must be in UTC

Juergen Schoenwaelder: does not see the difference between this
and current date and time, why must we enforce UTC?

Brent Chapman: conversion from localtime to UTC is a big problem,
so forcing UTC is a good practice.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: date-and-time has a suffix/offset in hours
and minutes, so translation should be easy.

Andy Bierman: I do not remember making this request; YANG
canonical format -- agent MUST send UTC only

Ladislav Lhotka: true canonical format is UTC

David Partain/Juergen Schoenwaelder: So this is not an issue at
all.

Phil Shafer: I don't want to be forced to use UTC, we lose local
time info.

Martin Bjorklund: does the agent have to send the canonical
format?

Balazs Lengyel: yes, canonical must be used.

Brent Chapman: we need the local time. e.g. some thing can only
be done during the local night

6. date-and-time-delta type:

Juergen Schoenwaelder: Proposal needs details, discussion missing

Andy Bierman: SMIv2 has it, so we need it

Bert Wijnen: Andy, please clarify.

David Harrington: IMO we don't have it in SMIv2. Why are we
adding new types this late?

Andy Bierman: do we need any time intervals or just absolute time
in NETCONF?

Brent Chapman: I am missing a data type for a duration? e.g 20
millisec. What data type do I use to express those durations?

Juergen Schoenwaelder: No such data type. Part of the problem is
that the range would need to cover such a wide space in a generic
data type.

Brent Chapman: is this the result because SNMP being mostly
considered a monitoring standard?  Since this is configuration,
whether it was in SNMP or not is not relevant.

Balazs Lengyel: this is the same question as slide 2

Brent Chapman: Certainly related

Juergen Schoenwaelder: this asks for a generic duration type that
covers 2 msecs and 2 years as well

David Partain: is this too big too late?

David Harrington: ask yes or no! Too big, handle later.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: people should come up with a concrete
proposal.

Martin Bjorklund: there is a duration type in XSD.

David Partain: is this too big, too late? yes 6-7 no 1

7. XSD and RNG translations

Juergen Schoenwaelder: should we keep them?

David Partain: was it not the original idea to help people
understand the types?  It might not be needed anymore.  Seems you
are worried about precedent.  We don't want the translations in
all future documents.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: A free tool for translation is available.

Ladislav Lhotka: understanding datatypes is easy; vote against.

Brent Chapman: If you have 3 description, you get the question
which is authoritative.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: YANG is the real one

David Partain: can we put a link to a tool in a draft? maybe the
tools name?

David Partain: remove straw poll: yes 10 no 0 

David Partain: Can we put a URL in the draft?

Dan Romascanu: If it's normative then don't do it, if informative
it might be acceptable.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: we might point to guidelines document or
some tool page.

David Partain: how many read the data-types doc: 5-6

===================================================================

draft-ietf-netmod-yang-07.txt - Martin Bjorklund

Slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-6.pdf

1. Nested choices

Martin Bjorklund: let's allow them

Ladislav Lhotka: there are problems, but don't remember them

Martin Bjorklund: makes implementation difficult, but still remove it

Phil Shafer: should not make it difficult

Martin Bjorklund: naming is still difficult

Phil Shafer: so clarify naming rules

Andy Bierman: no, it is not.  The selected case can itself
consist of a leaf and another choice.

Vote: allow them yes 6-7 no 0

2. prefixes in groupings

(Editor: note the example in the slide is incorrect)

Martin Bjorklund: don't use prefixes for internal references in
groupings

Ladislav Lhotka: 

David Partain: Is this a good start? 5-6 hands shown

Andy Bierman: do not make XPath parsers treat expressions in
groupings differently.

Martin Bjorklund: different from what?

(Confusion about Andy comments.)

Andy Bierman: Is it OK to map local-prefix:/X in a grouping to
the node X, even though the namespace will change later?

Martin Bjorklund: with this proposal no.  Prefix will be fixed.

Martin Bjorklund: Should we allow references to external entities
without a prefix?

Juergen Schoenwaelder: allow it

Andy Bierman: this rule makes off-the-shelf XPath parsing
impossible, right?  the parser needs to allow prefixes outside a
grouping, but not allow it inside a grouping

Ladislav Lhotka: I see a use case for this, similar use case
could be for leafref.  A name without a namespace only gets its
prefix when it is used

Andy Bierman: leafref path is not XPath

Phil Shafer: you can use a stock parser, but use it at build
time. I dislike this proposal. It is easy to make mistakes.
Can you refer to  non-existent nodes? and can you allow this in
groupings?
You should not allow this generally. In groupings it could be
done, but its fragile.

Martin Bjorklund: yes this is fragile, but that's OK, tools can
still check it. if not at compile time then later.

Andy Bierman: I agree with Juergen.  This is just a constant
expression, no reason to add CLRs to XPath

Ladislav Lhotka: you need to manipulate XPath namespaces
for standard XPath tools anyway 

Martin Bjorklund: yes, you need to prefixes 

Balazs Lengyel: hard to understand all cases. 

Phil Shafer: referring to non-existing stuff will be a problem

Juergen Schoenwaelder: this is a macro kind of thing, so it will
find C node

Martin Bjorklund: it will work

Phil Shafer: 2 issues
1) Can you refer to a node that does not exist. Must be an error.
2) Can you refer to stuff for things outside the grouping.  Is
fragile, but can live with it

Andy Bierman: XPath does not treat this as an error.  It is just
a YANG warning, not an error.

Ladislav Lhotka: this reference to external node C might be
intentional.

Phil Shafer: If C is not there in the user module, how will it
fail? It should fail early at compile.

Phil Shafer: XPATH does not detect it, it is difficult to debug.

Martin Bjorklund: So if we detect a references to something
non-existing should we detect that?

Phil Shafer: Some of these are just run-time errors. That's bad.
Issue 1) Can I have a must referring to a non-existent node or
namespace
Issue 2) Inside can you refer to something outside the grouping?

Andy Bierman: no -- missing xmlns for a prefix is an error in
XPath

Phil Shafer: I want to make this a compiler error.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: We should not make too many mandatory
checks, we must not mandate it too make perfect tools to be YANG
compatible.

Ladislav Lhotka: resolve any prefixes when defining the grouping,
leave everything alone.

Andy Bierman: it is a compile time error because the XPath
expression would be invalid.

Andy Bierman: there are lots of ways to produce garbage XPath; do
not understand proposal.

Phil Shafer: the question is if such references are legal.

Martin Bjorklund: this is legal XPath, it is just stupid, so
allow it and give a warning.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: We allow 0<1 as well

Ladislav Lhotka: rather give only warnings, not errors.

David Partain: I am worried about pointing at garbage.

Martin Bjorklund: it is valid XPATH.

Phil Shafer: it is still garbage.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: there are so many ways to produce garbage,
how many do we want to check (and force to be checked)?

David Kessens: Maybe put it into a usage guidelines?

Phil Shafer: if it is clearly garbage it is still an error.

Ladislav Lhotka: augment can correct it.

David Partain: let's take the simple example without groupings

David Partain: it seems we agree on allowing pointers in
groupings to point outside. Should we generally allow pointing at
garbage? IMO NO.

David Partain: Should we have flexible/fragile groupings:
yes 4 no 1

David Partain: pointing at undefined elements valid YANG:
yes 4 no 4

David Partain: take second one to list or resolve it for
Wednesday meeting

===================================================================

draft-ietf-netmod-dsdl-map-03.txt - Ladislav Lhotka

Slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-5.pdf

See slides, which Ladislav followed closely in his presentation.

No questions or comments.

David Partain: how many read it: 3. Too few... problem.

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
IETF 75, NETMOD WG  WEDNESDAY, July 29, 2009, 1300-1500
David Kessens, David Partain

Audio archive:
ftp://videolab.uoregon.edu/pub/videolab/media/ietf75/ietf75-wed-rm307-pm.mp3

Slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-8.ppt

===================================================================
Issue Resolution Day 2 (David Partain)

Issue #1 XPath warnings	

What to do with valid XPath which is clearly an error?
Is it compile time error?  In last meeting, there was no
rough concensus.

Proposal: It is valid YANG; do not mandate that compilers have to
find this.

Phil Shafer: We have compilers that can do something, we don't claim
they will do everything.

Andy Bierman and David Reid (both on Jabber) agree with the proposal.

8:2 consensus in favor of the proposal.

Issue #2 - date-and-time canonicalization

Phil Shafer: Do we have any other datatype that discard
information (i.e. are evil)?

Juergen Schoenwaelder: It depends on whether you want just date
and time information or timezone location as well.

Phil Shafer: We should have two separate datatypes, one for local
time and another for UTC time.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: What's your definition of local time?

Phil Shafer: For instance, I want to run backups between 2 and 3
AM local time.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: So your local time means time without
timezone information.

Mark Ellison: If operators know the timezone of each device, it's
OK.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: Device's timezone is not the same as a
time recorded in configuration.

Rough consensus for using UTC as the canonical value.

Issue #3 - types document: include 'date' type
Are there any use-cases?

Proposal: do not include 'date'

7-0: so goes to list as consensus

Issue #4 - include prefix in IANA registry

Bert Wijnen: TBD for IANA has to be included in a draft with
instructions how IANA is supposed to use the registry.

Martin Bjorklund: Do we have to change anything in the draft?

Juergen Schoenwaelder will help to compose text for IANA
considerations section

Bert Wijnen: So the draft will start the registry.

Martin Bjorklund: Yes.

Balazs Lengyel: There are actually two things: one is starting
the registry and another proposal is that the prefixes will be
required unique in all modules published by IETF.

Andy Bierman: This will not help. People will think all prefixes
are unique, but vendor prefixes will never be unique.

Ladislav Lhotka: The developers will take the prefixes for granted
and will not care about URIs. This happened in XML and led to
interoperability problems.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: We can also publish conflicting prefixes.
We must make it clear what tools have to do.

Andy Bierman: Which mandatory prefixes do I have to use?  Do I
also have to import modules with the registered prefixes?
Does not agree with proposal.

Balazs Lengyel: You SHOULD, not MUST.

Bert Wijnen: We have two questions here:
(i) Do we want to have prefixes in an IANA registry?
(ii) What are the rules for their use?

Ladislav Lhotka: Short prefixes will get exhausted and this will
force developers to choose longer ones, which impacts
readability.  No need to register prefix.

Andy Bierman: We will effectively crunch readable module names
into unreadable prefixes. So why don't we use module names as
prefixes?

Phil Shafer: If YANG is so successful that we run out of short
prefixes, we can change the policy.

Balazs Lengyel: we do not want to use long prefixes.

Andy Bierman: Ladislav is right. This looks good for 5 modules, but
how about 300?

Rough consensus 7:3 in favor of including the prefixes in IANA.

Balazs Lengyel: as I proposed: you SHOULD use unique prefixes....
we cannot guarantee it.

Mark Ellison: I don't care but don't think this is needed.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: Registering is enough, we don't need to
require uniqueness.  Probably IETF prefixes will be unique for a
while.

David Partain: agrees with Juergen (as contributor)

Andy Bierman: what if vendors have a prefix that IANA adds later
to the registry?

Rough consensus 6:1 for not requiring uniqueness.

===================================================================
YANG Usage Guidelines (Martin Bjorklund for Andy Bierman)

Slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-4.pdf

Slide 1

- BCP versus informational

David Partain: It's fine to start this I-D as informational.

- Identityref versus enumeration

Martin Bjorklund: Identityref should be used if the set of values
is designed to be extensible.

David Partain: suggest we wait till we see text or leave it out
if using enums is considered better.

Andy Bierman: OK, I can leave this out if enums are considered
better.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: The document refers to MIB security templates, this
doesn't make sense.

Slide 2

- interim URIs - temp namespace for module namespace URI while
work-in-progress (and not leave it blank as in SMIv2) so that
it is a valid name

Phil Shafer: It might be better to use URNs and scope them properly.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: We should take the URI that the module
will eventually have, and modify it so that the modification can
be removed when the module is published.

Andy Bierman: I-D name is OK.

David Partain: we look forward for some proposals on the list

- number of top level elements
do we want a recommendation?
if so should it be 1?

Balazs Lengyel: Modules with a single root are easier to understand, the
guidelines should recommend that only one root be used.

Juergen Schoenwaelder: I don't know why modules with a single root are easier to
understand. This is just another unnecessary rule.

Andy Bierman: agrees to not add a rule

- mandatory nodes at the top level
  not really deployable... (see slide)
  should this condition be a SHOULD NOT or MUST NOT or just a warning?
  or should this be an error in the YANG I-D?

Balazs Lengyel: They are not a problem, devices always create some skeleton
configuration.

There seems there is some confusion between Martin Bjorklund,
Phil, Balazs and Andy on what mandatory means.

Andy Bierman: Mandatory means that manager must provide a value.

Balazs Lengyel: No, mandatory means that the value must be present.

Andy Bierman: That's not my understanding of "mandatory".

David Partain: We should move this discussion to the mailing list.

Juergen Schoenwaelder [looked up the definition of mandatory]: It
is not clear in the text.

Ladislav Lhotka: Are the initial values filled in by the device
default values or something else?

Andy Bierman: Why is then default-stmt not allowed together with
mandatory?  The question is: Is the agent allowed to supply a
value for a mandatory leaf?

Phil Shafer: Yes.

Balazs Lengyel: The draft says: "Mandatory leaf must exist."

Ladislav Lhotka: The draft says that "preceding" and
"preceding-sibling" axes (and their "following" counterparts)
SHOULD NOT be used. I sent examples to the mailing list where
these axes are useful, so I don't agree with it.

Andy Bierman: OK, I can remove this recommendation and say that the order may
not be stable.

David Partain: We need to discuss these open issues more and we
need a new draft.

Action Item: Martin Bjorklund to take a look at mandatory
statement. (Editor: significant discussion on the list after the
IETF)

===================================================================

David Partain: We are not entertaining any new work BEFORE we have the 
deliverables out the door but it is OK to air ideas.

===================================================================
Translation of MIBv2 to YANG (Juergen Schoenwaelder)

Slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-0.pdf

David Partain: thinks this is great, so it gives us some real
modules to look at.

Dan Romascanu: Also thinks this very useful. We can look at this
when current work completes.

Dan Romascanu: Should the autogenerated modules refer to the
existing registry?

Andy Bierman: Is SMIv2 intended to be used as a framework for
developing new YANG modules?

Juergen Schoenwaelder: If new modules can be developed from
scratch, they should be done that way. This is just a way to
reuse existing work.

Andy Bierman: How will the translations be used in the
standardization process?

David Partain: This is up to the WG.

Dan Romascanu: If there is a standard mapping, modules generated
from standard MIBs could be automatically accepted.

Mehmet Ersue: Shouldn't we rather encourage people to write YANG?

Juergen Schoenwaelder: I just wrote the tool, it doesn't imply it
will be used in one way or another.

Dan Romascanu: This work should be discussed in the process of rechartering.

Andy Bierman: This is a useful work.

David Reid: I also support it and send comments to the mailing list.

David Partain: It is OK to discuss this on the mailing list.

===================================================================

Complex Types and Typed Instance Identifiers (Bernd Linowski)

Slides: http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/75/slides/netmod-7.ppt

Slide 7

Juergen Schoenwaelder: Where is the type info in the XML
document?

Bernd Linowski: It is in the elements prefixed with "ymi:".

Slide 8

Ladislav Lhotka: The draft says the complex types don't have any
corresponding nodes in the instance document. So where does a
instance identifier typed to a complex type point to?

Bernd Linowski: It looks the same as now in XML. There is always
an element that has the complex type.

===================================================================

David Partain: reminds the WG about OPS area open meeting -
Juergen Schoenwaelder will present a NETCONF/YANG tutorial there.

David Partain: Presented a roadmap for the WG items.
    WGLC for Architecture
    Second WGLC for YANG
    Same for YANG Data Types
    DSDL Mapping document
NOTE: we MUST have feedback on WG LC, for all documents

Martin Bjorklund: Why do we need a second WGLC for the datatypes draft?
David Partain: There were no comments during the first WGLC. This means
people didn't read it.  So, yes.

--Boundary-00=_+jpjKH7JEBlncHN--

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Fri Aug 21 07:13:11 2009
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Joel M. Halpern píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 10:32 -0400:
> I am not sure I follow what you are suggesting.
> In the initial config, that the box comes up with, all configuration 
> level mandatory nodes must exist.  Whether this is done by the

Not all of them, for example, mandatory nodes inside containers with
presence needn't be created, they become mandatory only when the
container is created. The idea simply is that the device has to start
the NETCONF session with a valid configuration.
 
> manufacturer preloading such a config, by magic, or by the device 
> creating likely useful vvalues for these does not change them.
> 
> However, when a netconf application uses netconf to create a piece of 
> configuration (for example, the top level of a module), then that 
> application (and / or the user behind it) is responsible for providing 
> all top level mandatory pieces of information.  That can be done in 
> steps, for example in :candidate before a commit.  But the user is 
> responsible.

Yes, at least for configuration data, rpcs and notifications are
special.

> 
> I think we are talking about the strange case where the component is 
> defined in a module, but is separate from the basic thing the user is 
> trying to create.

I don't get what you mean here.

Lada

> As far as I can tell, it is still the users responsbility to create it, 
> because there is no time point in time before the commit when the system 
> can create it / them for him.  And at the commit what the user has 
> provided has to be valid.
> 
> Admittedly, this is pretty awkward.  As such, Andy's recommendation in 
> the usage guidelines is probably the right answer.  "Don't do that."
> 
> Yours,
> Joel
> 
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > WashamFan píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 10:36 +0800:
> >> Hi,
> >>  
> >>>  I think the original concern was with mandatory top-level nodes which
> >>>  by definition cannot be created by a NETCONF client, but can be
> >>>  created as part of initial pre-loading.
> >> mandatory top-level nodes are alway kept in my mind. Those nodes could
> >> not be set via <edit-config>, they should be set before NETCONF is started.
> >> So how to interpret 'mandatory' for top-level nodes?
> > 
> > My proposal is to require the device to set all mandatory nodes in the
> > "minimum valid configuration" (which may also include leafs that are not
> > top-level).
> > 
> > Lada
> > 
> >> washam
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> netmod mailing list
> >> netmod@ietf.org
> >> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Per Hedeland writes:
>There is, per the definition in [XSD-TYPES] - might also be inferred
>from the last example in the draft, and maybe from "...values that
>_completely_ matches the pattern." But I guess it wouldn't hurt to spell
>it out.

Sounds good.

One more question: Is the restriction of pattern to string-based
types a CLR?  Could I not use:

    type int {
        pattern "[0-9]*[24680];
    }

to restrict my value to even numbers?  Or:

    type decimal64 {
        fractional-digits 2;
        pattern ".*\.{00,25,50,75}";
    }

Not common, but I'm just not seeing the need to restrict it to
string.  We would need to say that these strings apply to the
canonical form of the value.

Thanks,
 Phil

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 21 07:22:37 2009
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I am trying to explore what your suggestion means.
Suppose that we have a Module, with two top level items, A and B.
The module defines B as "mandatory".  (That seems to be just a mistake, 
but it is allowed by our definitions.)

Now, a user wants to create an A, as defined by the module.
You seem to be asserting that the system can (and should / will?) fill 
in the "mandatory" B.  I don't see how.
Assuming that the user is using a configuration with deferred 
validation, when that validation finally occurs, the B must be there. 
In that config.

In order for the system to add the "B" by itself, some very interesting 
manipulation of the validation step would have to occur.  Manipulation 
that is not called for by the document.

As such, even if some implementation can magically cause the B to 
appear, the management system that is creating the configuration, and 
presumably has logic to assist the user in enforcing the rules, will 
have to assume that it is the user / management system that is 
responsible for creating "B".

This is different from mandatory top level nodes in the base config, 
since those were presumably created before any management interactions 
occurred.

Yours,
Joel


Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Joel M. Halpern píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 10:32 -0400:
...
>> I think we are talking about the strange case where the component is 
>> defined in a module, but is separate from the basic thing the user is 
>> trying to create.
> 
> I don't get what you mean here.
> 
> Lada
> 
>> As far as I can tell, it is still the users responsbility to create it, 
>> because there is no time point in time before the commit when the system 
>> can create it / them for him.  And at the commit what the user has 
>> provided has to be valid.
>>
>> Admittedly, this is pretty awkward.  As such, Andy's recommendation in 
>> the usage guidelines is probably the right answer.  "Don't do that."
>>
>> Yours,
>> Joel
>>

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tom.petch píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 11:43 +0200:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
> To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>; "NETMOD Working Group"
> <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 10:29 PM
> 
> > If that were what the data model said, then presumably an application
> > which knew that no one had modified the object (for example, it had jsut
> > created the object), could reasoanbly assume that the mtu would be 1500,
> > and does not need to read it to confirm that.
> >
> > If that is not the case, then the value in the default statement appears
> > to be without meaning.
> 
> Joel
> 
> The meaning I give it is that the writer of the data model knows best,
> perhaps because that is the WG in the SDO that developed the
> protocol and has evolved it over the years.
> 
> So this is telling the application that unless the user of the application
> comes up with a better idea, then this is the value that should be
> set in the device.  The manufacturer of the device may have different ideas,
> which no longer reflect best practice.  (Plenty of examples in IPv6
> of that).
> 
> Alternatively, we could say that the manufacturer MUST ship the box
> with values as per data model, but I prefer the first approach.

Me too. IMO, defaults cannot be enforced. In fact, if the leaf's data
type permits a certain set of values, it is reasonable to assume that
none of them is a priori wrong, so why should one value be prescribed?

> 
> Of course, the value in question may be critical to the operation of
> the box and cannot be omitted but, of course, the leaf cannot be defined
> as 'mandatory'.

As a matter of fact, with the "explicit" strategy of defaults handling,
such values are mandatory meaning that they can never be missing in the
configuration. They are either set explicitly or have the default value.

Lada

> 
> Tom Petch
> 
> > Yours,
> > Joel
> >
> > Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > ...
> > > So let me add one more:
> > >
> > > E)
> > >     leaf if-mtu {
> > >         type uint32;
> > >         default 1500;
> > >     }
> > >
> > > Lada
> > ...
> > _______________________________________________
> > netmod mailing list
> > netmod@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Subject: Re: [netmod] "mandatory" extras in modules.
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"Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
> I am trying to explore what your suggestion means.
> Suppose that we have a Module, with two top level items, A and B.
> The module defines B as "mandatory".  (That seems to be just a mistake, but it
> is allowed by our definitions.)
> 
> Now, a user wants to create an A, as defined by the module.
> You seem to be asserting that the system can (and should / will?) fill in the
> "mandatory" B.  I don't see how.

When the NETCONF server advertises the namespace of Module in the
hello message, it guarantees that running contains valid data for
Module.  (If there are no mandatory top-level nodes, this "valid data"
may be empty).  Thus, the server needs to make sure that B has a value
when the NETCONF service starts.  How this is done is implementation
specific, but can be done through some initial CLI, by pre-loading the
data base with some factory data, etc.


/martin

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Fri Aug 21 07:46:03 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 14:15 -0400:
> "Joel M. Halpern" writes:
> >To paraphrase, you are looking at the default statement as a SHOULD 
> >strength statement about what the value ought to be in a newly created item.
> 
> The default is a MUST strength statement:
> 
>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when
>     the instance is created.

What does "use internally" mean?

Lada
 
> 
> >As far as I can tell, that means that if a managing entity cares about 
> >that value, it better provide it even if the value it would provide is 
> >the same as the default.  Becuase it can not count on the machinery 
> >actually ending up with that value if it does not set it.
> 
> Neither is true.  The managing entity can know that the device
> will behave according to the "contract" that the YANG module
> represents, and can count on the default value being used
> internally when a value is not present in the configuration.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Subject: Re: [netmod] "mandatory" extras in modules.
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That at least has the advantage of putting mandatory module components 
on the same basis as mandatory basic configuration components.
I can buy that.  This looks like something that should be qualified, but 
if we want to allow it at all, this provides a reasonable model for what 
it means to have a mandatory top level item in a module.

Yours,
Joel


Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
>> I am trying to explore what your suggestion means.
>> Suppose that we have a Module, with two top level items, A and B.
>> The module defines B as "mandatory".  (That seems to be just a mistake, but it
>> is allowed by our definitions.)
>>
>> Now, a user wants to create an A, as defined by the module.
>> You seem to be asserting that the system can (and should / will?) fill in the
>> "mandatory" B.  I don't see how.
> 
> When the NETCONF server advertises the namespace of Module in the
> hello message, it guarantees that running contains valid data for
> Module.  (If there are no mandatory top-level nodes, this "valid data"
> may be empty).  Thus, the server needs to make sure that B has a value
> when the NETCONF service starts.  How this is done is implementation
> specific, but can be done through some initial CLI, by pre-loading the
> data base with some factory data, etc.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 21 07:56:25 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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I understand your and Tom's reasoning.

But that is not what the YANG document says "default" means.  The YANG 
document says that "[I]f the leaf has a default value, the server MUST 
use this value internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client 
when the instance is created."

Not "SHOULD use".  "MUST use".  It sure seems to me that if you 
implement what you and Tom are asking for, without getting a spec 
change, then what you are doing is not what the spec says.  And the 
application attempting to set things is likely to be very confused 
because it can reasonably depend upon the behavior that is called for in 
the spec.

If you argue that the system changing the value from the default is no 
different from some other human changing the value, and if you can 
persuade the rest of the working group to agree with you, then I would 
ask that we remove the sentence in question from the spec, as it is 
meaningless.  And we instead replace it with something that says what 
you think default actually means.
Note, that at least as far as I can tell, there is significant 
disagreement with your interpretation.  But it is not my call to make.

Yours,
Joel

Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> tom.petch píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 11:43 +0200:
>> ----- Original Message -----
>> From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
>> To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>; "NETMOD Working Group"
>> <netmod@ietf.org>
>> Sent: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 10:29 PM
>>
>>> If that were what the data model said, then presumably an application
>>> which knew that no one had modified the object (for example, it had jsut
>>> created the object), could reasoanbly assume that the mtu would be 1500,
>>> and does not need to read it to confirm that.
>>>
>>> If that is not the case, then the value in the default statement appears
>>> to be without meaning.
>> Joel
>>
>> The meaning I give it is that the writer of the data model knows best,
>> perhaps because that is the WG in the SDO that developed the
>> protocol and has evolved it over the years.
>>
>> So this is telling the application that unless the user of the application
>> comes up with a better idea, then this is the value that should be
>> set in the device.  The manufacturer of the device may have different ideas,
>> which no longer reflect best practice.  (Plenty of examples in IPv6
>> of that).
>>
>> Alternatively, we could say that the manufacturer MUST ship the box
>> with values as per data model, but I prefer the first approach.
> 
> Me too. IMO, defaults cannot be enforced. In fact, if the leaf's data
> type permits a certain set of values, it is reasonable to assume that
> none of them is a priori wrong, so why should one value be prescribed?
> 
>> Of course, the value in question may be critical to the operation of
>> the box and cannot be omitted but, of course, the leaf cannot be defined
>> as 'mandatory'.
> 
> As a matter of fact, with the "explicit" strategy of defaults handling,
> such values are mandatory meaning that they can never be missing in the
> configuration. They are either set explicitly or have the default value.
> 
> Lada
> 
>> Tom Petch
>>
>>> Yours,
>>> Joel
>>>
>>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>> ...
>>>> So let me add one more:
>>>>
>>>> E)
>>>>     leaf if-mtu {
>>>>         type uint32;
>>>>         default 1500;
>>>>     }
>>>>
>>>> Lada
>>> ...
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> netmod mailing list
>>> netmod@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod

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Subject: Re: [netmod] Pattern "ok"?
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Phil Shafer píše v Pá 21. 08. 2009 v 10:02 -0400:
> Per Hedeland writes:
> >There is, per the definition in [XSD-TYPES] - might also be inferred
> >from the last example in the draft, and maybe from "...values that
> >_completely_ matches the pattern." But I guess it wouldn't hurt to spell
> >it out.
> 
> Sounds good.
> 
> One more question: Is the restriction of pattern to string-based
> types a CLR?  Could I not use:

I think it isn't, because the regex patterns work exclusively in lexical
space.

Lada

> 
>     type int {
>         pattern "[0-9]*[24680];
>     }
> 
> to restrict my value to even numbers?  Or:
> 
>     type decimal64 {
>         fractional-digits 2;
>         pattern ".*\.{00,25,50,75}";
>     }
> 
> Not common, but I'm just not seeing the need to restrict it to
> string.  We would need to say that these strings apply to the
> canonical form of the value.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From muenz@net.in.tum.de  Fri Aug 21 08:08:27 2009
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Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2009 17:08:30 +0200
From: Gerhard Muenz <muenz@net.in.tum.de>
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Subject: [netmod] Question about condition in must-statement
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Hi,

In PSAMP, there are packet filters using hash functions which are
applied to specific header or payload bits. Which bits are used as input
of the hash function is specified with an octet string. This octet
string is applied like a mask to the header or payload section, however
the zero bits will be removed (not kept).

Currently, the YANG part to configure such a filter looks like this
(which hopefully can be understood with the descriptions):

      container filterHash {
        leaf ipVersion {
          type inet:ip-version;
          description "IP version of packets to be selected.";
        }
        leaf headerBits {
          type binary;
          must "not(addrType = 'ipv4') or not(addrType = 'ipv6')
            or (../addrType = 'ipv4' and string-length() = 20)
            or (../addrType = 'ipv6' and string-length() = 40)";
          description "This parameter specifies an octet string
            defining the IP header bits used as input to the hash
            function, starting with the first header octet.
            The length of the octet string must be 20 if addrType is
            'ipv4', and 40 if addrType is 'ipv6'.";
        }
        leaf payloadBytes {
          type uint32;
          units octets;
          default 0;
          description "Number of IP payload octets used as input to
            the hash function, counted from the beginning of the
            payload section. If the IP payload is shorter than the
            configured value, all payload octets are used as
            input.";
        }
        leaf payloadBits {
          type binary;
          must "string-length() = ../payloadBytes";
          description "This parameter specifies an octet string
            defining the IP payload bits used as input to the hash
            function, starting with the first payload octet.
            If this parameter is configured, the length of the octet
            string must equal the maximum number of payload octets
            specified by payloadBytes.";
        }
        ...
      }


I have three questions:

1) Should I use binary or string for headerBits and payloadBits?

2) Can I restrict the length of a binary leaf with string-length()?

3) If yes, does string-length() return the length in base64 symbols or
in octets?

Thanks,
Gerhard

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From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Fri Aug 21 08:35:15 2009
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From: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
To: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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Joel M. Halpern píše v Pá 21. 08. 2009 v 10:56 -0400:
> I understand your and Tom's reasoning.
> 
> But that is not what the YANG document says "default" means.  The YANG 
> document says that "[I]f the leaf has a default value, the server MUST 
> use this value internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client 
> when the instance is created."

But I am questioning here what "use internally" means. For example, in
Linux, the hotplug subsystem allows for user-space hooks that are run
after the component is initialized. So even if the kernel driver sets a
default value ("uses it internally") for a parameter, it may be changed
before the user can do anything about it, and various distributions
indeed make their choices.

> 
> Not "SHOULD use".  "MUST use".  It sure seems to me that if you 

IMO, SHOULD has effectively the same strength as MUST in this case.

> implement what you and Tom are asking for, without getting a spec 
> change, then what you are doing is not what the spec says.  And the 
> application attempting to set things is likely to be very confused 
> because it can reasonably depend upon the behavior that is called for in 
> the spec.
> 
> If you argue that the system changing the value from the default is no 
> different from some other human changing the value, and if you can 
> persuade the rest of the working group to agree with you, then I would 
> ask that we remove the sentence in question from the spec, as it is 
> meaningless.  And we instead replace it with something that says what 
> you think default actually means.

I agree. I can see how defaults may be useful as a way for controlled
simplification of configurations presented to the clients, but they
really have nothing to do with validity of configurations.

Lada
 
> Note, that at least as far as I can tell, there is significant 
> disagreement with your interpretation.  But it is not my call to make.
> 
> Yours,
> Joel
> 
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > tom.petch píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 11:43 +0200:
> >> ----- Original Message -----
> >> From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
> >> To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>; "NETMOD Working Group"
> >> <netmod@ietf.org>
> >> Sent: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 10:29 PM
> >>
> >>> If that were what the data model said, then presumably an application
> >>> which knew that no one had modified the object (for example, it had jsut
> >>> created the object), could reasoanbly assume that the mtu would be 1500,
> >>> and does not need to read it to confirm that.
> >>>
> >>> If that is not the case, then the value in the default statement appears
> >>> to be without meaning.
> >> Joel
> >>
> >> The meaning I give it is that the writer of the data model knows best,
> >> perhaps because that is the WG in the SDO that developed the
> >> protocol and has evolved it over the years.
> >>
> >> So this is telling the application that unless the user of the application
> >> comes up with a better idea, then this is the value that should be
> >> set in the device.  The manufacturer of the device may have different ideas,
> >> which no longer reflect best practice.  (Plenty of examples in IPv6
> >> of that).
> >>
> >> Alternatively, we could say that the manufacturer MUST ship the box
> >> with values as per data model, but I prefer the first approach.
> > 
> > Me too. IMO, defaults cannot be enforced. In fact, if the leaf's data
> > type permits a certain set of values, it is reasonable to assume that
> > none of them is a priori wrong, so why should one value be prescribed?
> > 
> >> Of course, the value in question may be critical to the operation of
> >> the box and cannot be omitted but, of course, the leaf cannot be defined
> >> as 'mandatory'.
> > 
> > As a matter of fact, with the "explicit" strategy of defaults handling,
> > such values are mandatory meaning that they can never be missing in the
> > configuration. They are either set explicitly or have the default value.
> > 
> > Lada
> > 
> >> Tom Petch
> >>
> >>> Yours,
> >>> Joel
> >>>
> >>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> >>> ...
> >>>> So let me add one more:
> >>>>
> >>>> E)
> >>>>     leaf if-mtu {
> >>>>         type uint32;
> >>>>         default 1500;
> >>>>     }
> >>>>
> >>>> Lada
> >>> ...
> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>> netmod mailing list
> >>> netmod@ietf.org
> >>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 21 08:37:09 2009
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To: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
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Date: Fri, 21 Aug 2009 11:16:51 -0400
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when
>>     the instance is created.
>
>What does "use internally" mean?

Are you truly not following, or just wanting better words?

Thanks,
 Phil

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Fri Aug 21 12:53:20 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
To: Gerhard Muenz <muenz@net.in.tum.de>
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On Fri, Aug 21, 2009 at 05:08:30PM +0200, Gerhard Muenz wrote:
> I have three questions:
> 
> 1) Should I use binary or string for headerBits and payloadBits?

What speaks against binary for binary data?
 
> 2) Can I restrict the length of a binary leaf with string-length()?

The xpath expression is evaluated on the canonical stringified value
representation (section 7.5.3 of the YANG ID), which for the binary
YANG type would be a base64 encoding. So you have to be careful.

> 3) If yes, does string-length() return the length in base64 symbols or
> in octets?

See above - it will be the number of characters needed for the base64
encoding. Note that there is always a description clause; sometimes it
might be simpler to spell things out in written words. ;-)

/js

PS: We prefer the header-bits and payload-bits writing style in YANG
    models so far.

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Fri Aug 21 12:58:02 2009
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On Fri, Aug 21, 2009 at 04:02:33PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Per Hedeland writes:
> >There is, per the definition in [XSD-TYPES] - might also be inferred
> >from the last example in the draft, and maybe from "...values that
> >_completely_ matches the pattern." But I guess it wouldn't hurt to spell
> >it out.
> 
> Sounds good.
> 
> One more question: Is the restriction of pattern to string-based
> types a CLR?  Could I not use:
> 
>     type int {
>         pattern "[0-9]*[24680];
>     }
> 
> to restrict my value to even numbers?  Or:
> 
>     type decimal64 {
>         fractional-digits 2;
>         pattern ".*\.{00,25,50,75}";
>     }
> 
> Not common, but I'm just not seeing the need to restrict it to
> string.  We would need to say that these strings apply to the
> canonical form of the value.

Section 7.5.3. already says this:

   Note that since all leaf values in the data tree are conceptually
   stored in their canonical form (see Section 7.6 and Section 7.7), any
   XPath comparisons are done on the canonical value.

The text is trying to say the right thing, although the wording can be
improved - it does not matter how values are "stored" - it would be
more helpful to simply spell out that the expressions are evaluated
against the canonical representation of values.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 21 13:01:38 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 21, 2009 at 05:08:30PM +0200, Gerhard Muenz wrote:
>> I have three questions:
>>
>> 1) Should I use binary or string for headerBits and payloadBits?
> 
> What speaks against binary for binary data?
>  

indeed -- this would be a good test for the binary data type.
It is so user-unfriendly that it will be interesting to
see how the support for the binary built-in type varies across tools.
Entering base64 by hand or reading it raw is beyond unlikely.

>> 2) Can I restrict the length of a binary leaf with string-length()?
> 
> The xpath expression is evaluated on the canonical stringified value
> representation (section 7.5.3 of the YANG ID), which for the binary
> YANG type would be a base64 encoding. So you have to be careful.
> 
>> 3) If yes, does string-length() return the length in base64 symbols or
>> in octets?
> 
> See above - it will be the number of characters needed for the base64
> encoding. Note that there is always a description clause; sometimes it
> might be simpler to spell things out in written words. ;-)
> 
> /js
> 
> PS: We prefer the header-bits and payload-bits writing style in YANG
>     models so far.
> 

Andy

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Fri Aug 21 13:04:53 2009
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On Fri, Aug 21, 2009 at 05:35:18PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Joel M. Halpern p????e v P?? 21. 08. 2009 v 10:56 -0400:
> > I understand your and Tom's reasoning.
> > 
> > But that is not what the YANG document says "default" means.  The YANG 
> > document says that "[I]f the leaf has a default value, the server MUST 
> > use this value internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client 
> > when the instance is created."
> 
> But I am questioning here what "use internally" means. For example, in
> Linux, the hotplug subsystem allows for user-space hooks that are run
> after the component is initialized. So even if the kernel driver sets a
> default value ("uses it internally") for a parameter, it may be changed
> before the user can do anything about it, and various distributions
> indeed make their choices.

Are we still talking about config or already about operational state?

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 21 14:18:41 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Pattern "ok"?
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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>> Not common, but I'm just not seeing the need to restrict it to
>> string.  We would need to say that these strings apply to the
>> canonical form of the value.
>
>Section 7.5.3. already says this:
>
>   Note that since all leaf values in the data tree are conceptually
>   stored in their canonical form (see Section 7.6 and Section 7.7), any
>   XPath comparisons are done on the canonical value.
>
>The text is trying to say the right thing, although the wording can be
>improved - it does not matter how values are "stored" - it would be
>more helpful to simply spell out that the expressions are evaluated
>against the canonical representation of values.

It definitely needs better wording, so cover non-xpath ('pattern'
statement) comparisons.  How about:

-  XPath comparisons are done on the canonical value.
+  comparisons from 'pattern' constraints or XPath expressions 
+  are done on the canonical value.

Are you okay with removing the string-only CLR for pattern?

Thanks,
 Phil

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Fri Aug 21 15:19:56 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Pattern "ok"?
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On Fri, Aug 21, 2009 at 11:04:03PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >> Not common, but I'm just not seeing the need to restrict it to
> >> string.  We would need to say that these strings apply to the
> >> canonical form of the value.
> >
> >Section 7.5.3. already says this:
> >
> >   Note that since all leaf values in the data tree are conceptually
> >   stored in their canonical form (see Section 7.6 and Section 7.7), any
> >   XPath comparisons are done on the canonical value.
> >
> >The text is trying to say the right thing, although the wording can be
> >improved - it does not matter how values are "stored" - it would be
> >more helpful to simply spell out that the expressions are evaluated
> >against the canonical representation of values.
> 
> It definitely needs better wording, so cover non-xpath ('pattern'
> statement) comparisons.  How about:
> 
> -  XPath comparisons are done on the canonical value.
> +  comparisons from 'pattern' constraints or XPath expressions 
> +  are done on the canonical value.

7.5.3. is about must statements - this is the way the document is
organized; pattern are handled elsewhere.
 
> Are you okay with removing the string-only CLR for pattern?

>From the way the YANG specification is written, this is a rather heavy
editing change.

If this is really a CLR, then it is anchored deeply in the specs. I am
probably not sure yet of the value of allowing pattern for numeric
types nor do I have personally much experience with using regular
expressions to restrict number spaces - but this might just be my
ignorance.

XSD allows pattern restrictions pretty much everywhere - even for the
type boolean which has the two values 'true' and 'false'. It is kind
of difficult to come up with a use case for a pattern on boolean but
if you allow it everywhere, then there certainly is no CLR. ;-)

So what is your proposal - pattern restrictions for all types?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 21 15:23:50 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Pattern "ok"?
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>>> Not common, but I'm just not seeing the need to restrict it to
>>> string.  We would need to say that these strings apply to the
>>> canonical form of the value.
>> Section 7.5.3. already says this:
>>
>>   Note that since all leaf values in the data tree are conceptually
>>   stored in their canonical form (see Section 7.6 and Section 7.7), any
>>   XPath comparisons are done on the canonical value.
>>
>> The text is trying to say the right thing, although the wording can be
>> improved - it does not matter how values are "stored" - it would be
>> more helpful to simply spell out that the expressions are evaluated
>> against the canonical representation of values.
> 
> It definitely needs better wording, so cover non-xpath ('pattern'
> statement) comparisons.  How about:
> 
> -  XPath comparisons are done on the canonical value.
> +  comparisons from 'pattern' constraints or XPath expressions 
> +  are done on the canonical value.
> 
> Are you okay with removing the string-only CLR for pattern?
> 

What is the string-only CLR?

Why are we talking about changing the way patterns work now?

It is not needed for any other built-in data types besides string.



> Thanks,
>  Phil

Andy


From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 21 20:04:38 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>So what is your proposal - pattern restrictions for all types?

Yup.  The fix is something like:

- defined in ^XSD-TYPES^.   It is used to
- restrict the built-in type "string", or types derived from "string",
- to values that completely matches the pattern.
+ defined in ^XSD-TYPES^.  These regular expressions
+ are applied to the canonical format of the value
+ and match the complete string, with an implicitly "^"
+ and "$" before and after the given pattern string.

Thanks,
 Phil

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Sat Aug 22 00:15:05 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Pattern "ok"?
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On Sat, Aug 22, 2009 at 04:50:47AM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >So what is your proposal - pattern restrictions for all types?
> 
> Yup.  The fix is something like:
> 
> - defined in ^XSD-TYPES^.   It is used to
> - restrict the built-in type "string", or types derived from "string",
> - to values that completely matches the pattern.
> + defined in ^XSD-TYPES^.  These regular expressions
> + are applied to the canonical format of the value
> + and match the complete string, with an implicitly "^"
> + and "$" before and after the given pattern string.

Not correct. Look at the ABNF and there are other places in the text
talking about restrictions that would need to be adapted.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sat Aug 22 01:52:17 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Pattern "ok"?
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>> So what is your proposal - pattern restrictions for all types?
> 
> Yup.  The fix is something like:
> 


So what problem does this solve in YANG?
We have ranges for numbers, so we don't need patterns there.
We have enum strings and bit names, sure don't need them there.
We have identityrefs and instance-identifiers, sure don't need
them there. Boolean? binary?  No.

So what YANG data modeling problem does this solution address?

This is just piling on complexity without reason.


> - defined in ^XSD-TYPES^.   It is used to
> - restrict the built-in type "string", or types derived from "string",
> - to values that completely matches the pattern.
> + defined in ^XSD-TYPES^.  These regular expressions
> + are applied to the canonical format of the value
> + and match the complete string, with an implicitly "^"
> + and "$" before and after the given pattern string.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil

Andy

From mbj@tail-f.com  Sat Aug 22 06:20:05 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Phil Shafer wrote:
> > Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >> So what is your proposal - pattern restrictions for all types?
> > 
> > Yup.  The fix is something like:
> > 
> 
> 
> So what problem does this solve in YANG?
> We have ranges for numbers, so we don't need patterns there.
> We have enum strings and bit names, sure don't need them there.
> We have identityrefs and instance-identifiers, sure don't need
> them there. Boolean? binary?  No.
> 
> So what YANG data modeling problem does this solution address?
> 
> This is just piling on complexity without reason.

+1

The only other type it could be used is as some kind of hack for
integer types, but if we want to provide more powerful integer
restrictions we may want to look at other statements.  For example, a
customer asked if something like this is possible:

  type int32 {
    range "10..1000" {
      step 10;
    }
  }

This would probably be more useful than pattern.  (But I don't propose
that we add it!)

> > - defined in ^XSD-TYPES^.   It is used to
> > - restrict the built-in type "string", or types derived from "string",
> > - to values that completely matches the pattern.
> > + defined in ^XSD-TYPES^.  These regular expressions
> > + are applied to the canonical format of the value
> > + and match the complete string, with an implicitly "^"
> > + and "$" before and after the given pattern string.

Re. implict ^ and $, I don't think it is a good idea to point out just
this.  There are many regular expression "dialects", and we define
which one we use (XSD).  That is precise and IMO enough.  This
document is not the right place to educate people on differences
between regular expression dialects.


/martin


From phil@juniper.net  Sat Aug 22 09:37:52 2009
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>Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> This is just piling on complexity without reason.

No, it's removing the CLR that says pattern is only valid
for string-based types.

>Martin wrote:
>Re. implict ^ and $, I don't think it is a good idea to point out just
>this.  There are many regular expression "dialects", and we define
>which one we use (XSD).  That is precise and IMO enough.  This
>document is not the right place to educate people on differences
>between regular expression dialects.

I think we need to point out that it's matching the complete
string, so we don't see a lot of patterns like "^ok$".

Thanks,
 Phil

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 24 01:00:28 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Pá 21. 08. 2009 v 11:16 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when
> >>     the instance is created.
> >
> >What does "use internally" mean?
> 
> Are you truly not following, or just wanting better words?

Both. Could it be reformulated like this?

    "An edit-config operation that creates the instance but does not 
     provide a value for such a leaf MUST have the same effect as if
     the default value for that leaf was explicitly specified."

But neither this nor the original sentence covers the case where no
NETCONF client/operation is involved, i.e. when the instance is a part
of the initial configuration or is created automatically after a new
piece of hardware is plugged in. Are there any assumptions for these
cases?

Lada
 
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From mbj@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 24 01:20:26 2009
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Hi,

A bit name is currently restricted to be an identifier.  I think this
is a bug - at some point in time both enums and bits were supposed to
be identifiers, but we relaxed this.  The text reflects this for
enums, but not for bits.  For example, the usage example in 9.7.5 has
this:

             bit 10-Mb-only {
                 position 2;
             }

but this is not legal according to the current text and grammar.

I suggest this change to 9.7.4:

OLD

   The "bit" statement, which is a substatement to the "type" statement,
   MUST be present if the type is "bits".  It is repeatedly used to
   specify each assigned named bit of a bits type.  It takes as an
   argument a string which is the assigned name of the bit.  It is
   followed by a block of substatements which holds detailed bit
   information.  A bit name follows the same syntax rules as an
   identifier (see Section 6.2).

NEW

   The "bit" statement, which is a substatement to the "type" statement,
   MUST be present if the type is "bits".  It is repeatedly used to
   specify each assigned named bit of a bits type.  It takes as an
   argument a string which is the assigned name of the bit.  The
   string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT contain any
   whitespace characters.  The use of control codes SHOULD be avoided.

   The statement is optionally followed by a block of substatements
   which holds detailed bit information.



/martin

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 24 01:45:42 2009
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On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 10:20:33AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> A bit name is currently restricted to be an identifier.  I think this
> is a bug - at some point in time both enums and bits were supposed to
> be identifiers, but we relaxed this.  The text reflects this for
> enums, but not for bits.  For example, the usage example in 9.7.5 has
> this:
> 
>              bit 10-Mb-only {
>                  position 2;
>              }
> 
> but this is not legal according to the current text and grammar.
> 
> I suggest this change to 9.7.4:
> 
> OLD
> 
>    The "bit" statement, which is a substatement to the "type" statement,
>    MUST be present if the type is "bits".  It is repeatedly used to
>    specify each assigned named bit of a bits type.  It takes as an
>    argument a string which is the assigned name of the bit.  It is
>    followed by a block of substatements which holds detailed bit
>    information.  A bit name follows the same syntax rules as an
>    identifier (see Section 6.2).
> 
> NEW
> 
>    The "bit" statement, which is a substatement to the "type" statement,
>    MUST be present if the type is "bits".  It is repeatedly used to
>    specify each assigned named bit of a bits type.  It takes as an
>    argument a string which is the assigned name of the bit.  The
>    string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT contain any
>    whitespace characters.  The use of control codes SHOULD be avoided.
> 
>    The statement is optionally followed by a block of substatements
>    which holds detailed bit information.

I agree that the text for enums and bits should be identical.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From mbj@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 24 02:05:04 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> I agree that the text for enums and bits should be identical.

Clever ;)

Ok, so the enum text has this:

   The string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT have any leading or
   trailing whitespace characters.

And my proposed bit text has this:

   The string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT contain any whitespace
   characters.

The reason for the latter is that bits are encoded as space separated
list of the string values:

       <mybits>disable-nagle 10-Mb-only</mybits>

So we can't allow whitespace in the name.

So then the question becomes - should we limit enum names to not
contain whitespace just so that enums and bits are treated the same?


/martin

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 24 03:09:25 2009
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On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 11:05:12AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> > I agree that the text for enums and bits should be identical.
> 
> Clever ;)
> 
> Ok, so the enum text has this:
> 
>    The string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT have any leading or
>    trailing whitespace characters.
> 
> And my proposed bit text has this:
> 
>    The string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT contain any whitespace
>    characters.
> 
> The reason for the latter is that bits are encoded as space separated
> list of the string values:
> 
>        <mybits>disable-nagle 10-Mb-only</mybits>
> 
> So we can't allow whitespace in the name.
> 
> So then the question becomes - should we limit enum names to not
> contain whitespace just so that enums and bits are treated the same?

I see, there is a technical reason for the difference. I guess for
most data model writers it is simpler if there is only one set of
rules and for both enums and bits but hardcore no CLR people will
surely argue that we have no technical reason to disallow whitespace
inside an enum label. I understand both sides but I guess I tend
towards making the rules for enums and bits identical. If we make them
different, we should perhaps shortly explain why they are different so
we easily recall the reason.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Mon Aug 24 03:30:19 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
>> I agree that the text for enums and bits should be identical.
> 
> Clever ;)
> 
> Ok, so the enum text has this:
> 
>    The string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT have any leading or
>    trailing whitespace characters.
> 
> And my proposed bit text has this:
> 
>    The string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT contain any whitespace
>    characters.
> 
> The reason for the latter is that bits are encoded as space separated
> list of the string values:
> 
>        <mybits>disable-nagle 10-Mb-only</mybits>
> 
> So we can't allow whitespace in the name.
> 
> So then the question becomes - should we limit enum names to not
> contain whitespace just so that enums and bits are treated the same?
> 

This is not a bug, it is a feature. ;-)
We went over this entire issue a year ago (or more).
We decided that bit names needed to be valid identifiers.
I do not see any compelling reason to change that now.
The number of specialized CLRs in YANG is already high enough.
This would be yet another variant of a special rule.


> 
> /martin

Andy


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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Thursday, August 20, 2009 9:42 PM
Subject: Re: Terminology2 was Re: [netmod] leafref problems


> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > Pro tem., I suggest adding your definition of top-level data node to
> > Terminology
> > but also adding that sentence from 7.11 to grouping in Terminology.
> 
> Just to make sure I get it right... when you say "that sentence", do
> you mean:
> 
>   The grouping statement is not a data definition statement and, as
>   such, does not define any nodes in the schema tree.

Martin 

Yes, I meant add that statement to the definition of grouping in terminology.

Tom Petch

> 
> 
> /martin

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From: "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
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References: <20090819080201.GD6741@elstar.local>	 <4A8C0E62.9090609@joelhalpern.com>	<4A8C2533.7020909@netconfcentral.com>	 <20090819.184137.195313323.mbj@tail-f.com>	 <1250713281.24768.242.camel@missotis> <4A8C609E.1060804@joelhalpern.com>	 <001301ca21b6$f24a4ac0$0601a8c0@allison> <1250865485.3702.21.camel@missotis> <4A8EB599.4040207@joelhalpern.com>
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Cc: NETMOD Working Group <netmod@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
Cc: "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>; "NETMOD Working Group"
<netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, August 21, 2009 4:56 PM

> I understand your and Tom's reasoning.
>
> But that is not what the YANG document says "default" means.  The YANG
> document says that "[I]f the leaf has a default value, the server MUST
> use this value internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client
> when the instance is created."
>
> Not "SHOULD use".  "MUST use".  It sure seems to me that if you
> implement what you and Tom are asking for, without getting a spec
> change, then what you are doing is not what the spec says.  And the
> application attempting to set things is likely to be very confused
> because it can reasonably depend upon the behavior that is called for in
> the spec.
>
> If you argue that the system changing the value from the default is no
> different from some other human changing the value, and if you can
> persuade the rest of the working group to agree with you, then I would
> ask that we remove the sentence in question from the spec, as it is
> meaningless.  And we instead replace it with something that says what
> you think default actually means.
> Note, that at least as far as I can tell, there is significant
> disagreement with your interpretation.  But it is not my call to make.

I agree that what I want is not what the spec currently says.  What I see as
a common use case is not covered.

Also, I have a problem with the spec.  I see information coming from four
sources; device-manufacturer, model-writer (could be SDO), manager-implementer
and user, and any one of the four may know best in a given situation, nor do
I think we have the skills to prescribe any particular precedence.

I expect manufacturers to implement best practice at the time the box is
built, but what do they do as best practice (and the SDO-provided data model)
moves on?  either create non-conformance statements, or ship upgrades to change
their values to current best practice.

I don't see either as realistic; what we ask for seems, well, unrealistic, and
so
likely to be ignored.  Given that, I think we can find a better use for the
default substatement.

Tom Petch

> Yours,
> Joel
>
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > tom.petch píše v Čt 20. 08. 2009 v 11:43 +0200:
> >> ----- Original Message -----
> >> From: "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com>
> >> To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>; "NETMOD Working Group"
> >> <netmod@ietf.org>
> >> Sent: Wednesday, August 19, 2009 10:29 PM
> >>
> >>> If that were what the data model said, then presumably an application
> >>> which knew that no one had modified the object (for example, it had jsut
> >>> created the object), could reasoanbly assume that the mtu would be 1500,
> >>> and does not need to read it to confirm that.
> >>>
> >>> If that is not the case, then the value in the default statement appears
> >>> to be without meaning.
> >> Joel
> >>
> >> The meaning I give it is that the writer of the data model knows best,
> >> perhaps because that is the WG in the SDO that developed the
> >> protocol and has evolved it over the years.
> >>
> >> So this is telling the application that unless the user of the application
> >> comes up with a better idea, then this is the value that should be
> >> set in the device.  The manufacturer of the device may have different
ideas,
> >> which no longer reflect best practice.  (Plenty of examples in IPv6
> >> of that).
> >>
> >> Alternatively, we could say that the manufacturer MUST ship the box
> >> with values as per data model, but I prefer the first approach.
> >
> > Me too. IMO, defaults cannot be enforced. In fact, if the leaf's data
> > type permits a certain set of values, it is reasonable to assume that
> > none of them is a priori wrong, so why should one value be prescribed?
> >
> >> Of course, the value in question may be critical to the operation of
> >> the box and cannot be omitted but, of course, the leaf cannot be defined
> >> as 'mandatory'.
> >
> > As a matter of fact, with the "explicit" strategy of defaults handling,
> > such values are mandatory meaning that they can never be missing in the
> > configuration. They are either set explicitly or have the default value.
> >
> > Lada
> >
> >> Tom Petch
> >>
> >>> Yours,
> >>> Joel
> >>>
> >>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> >>> ...
> >>>> So let me add one more:
> >>>>
> >>>> E)
> >>>>     leaf if-mtu {
> >>>>         type uint32;
> >>>>         default 1500;
> >>>>     }
> >>>>
> >>>> Lada
> >>> ...
> >>> _______________________________________________
> >>> netmod mailing list
> >>> netmod@ietf.org
> >>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod


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From: "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
To: "David Partain" <david.partain@ericsson.com>, "NETMOD Working Group" <netmod@ietf.org>
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----- Original Message -----
From: "David Partain" <david.partain@ericsson.com>
To: "NETMOD Working Group" <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, August 21, 2009 12:34 PM
>
> I'm have EXTREME difficulty understanding where people are and even what they
> think the issues are.
>
> As such, I'd like to request the following:  If there is an issue that you
> think remains unresolved, please send mail to the list with
>
> (1) a relevant subject stating what the issue is
> (2) a pointer to the text in the document that you think has the issue, and
> (3) if possible, a suggested textual fix that we can discuss.
>
> We're all over the place at the moment, which concerns me.

I agree. The problem is see is two-fold.  On the one hand, our discussions
aren't steered to a conclusion, so that going back and re-reading our longer
threads, I
am unclear what conclusion we reached or if we reached one at all.  We do a lot
of hard work and then seem to let it slip away at the last.

And the number of people speaking up on an issue is small, so that as and when
we do reach a consensus, it is fragile, and can be overturned by one person
changing their mind.

Both of these are process, not technical, issues and my dictum is that there are
process solutions to technical issues, but not technical solutions to process
issues.

Tom Petch

> Cheers,
>
> David
>
> ps. I hope to submit minutes in the next few hours for your comments.
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod


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Cc: NETMOD Working Group <netmod@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 11:23:17AM +0200, tom.petch wrote:

[...]
 
> I don't see either as realistic; what we ask for seems, well,
> unrealistic, and so likely to be ignored.  Given that, I think we
> can find a better use for the default substatement.

It is difficult to speculate here. All we know is that DEFVALs have
been used quite a bit in SNMP land. Now, the SMIv2 DEFVAL statement
was advisory but not a MUST. It would be an exercise to go over all
DEFVALs in MIB modules in order to determine which of the DEFVAL uses
are actually hard defaults and which ones not. I am sure there are a
number of DEFVALs where there is probably no dispute that they should
be hard DEFVALs.

You want the default statement to have a very different meaning. So we
seem to have three proposals on the table:

a) A default statement defines a value that MUST be assigned when the
   manager does not provide a value.

b) A default statement defines a value that SHOULD be assigned when
   the manager does not provide a value.

c) A default statement defines a value that can be assumed if config
   is retrieved with an option to supress defaults.

Right now, the YANG specification says a). If my list above is
correct, perhaps the chairs can do a concensus call and we move on.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> I agree that what I want is not what the spec currently says.  What I see as
> a common use case is not covered.

It seems you are saying that you don't think the current default
statement is very useful.  If this is a correct interpretation, I can
respect that, but at the same time I would like to know if you see any
technical problems with the current text?

> Also, I have a problem with the spec.  I see information coming from four
> sources; device-manufacturer, model-writer (could be SDO), manager-implementer
> and user, and any one of the four may know best in a given situation, nor do
> I think we have the skills to prescribe any particular precedence.
> 
> I expect manufacturers to implement best practice at the time the box is
> built, but what do they do as best practice (and the SDO-provided data model)
> moves on?  either create non-conformance statements, or ship upgrades to change
> their values to current best practice.
> 
> I don't see either as realistic; what we ask for seems, well, unrealistic, and
> so
> likely to be ignored.  Given that, I think we can find a better use for the
> default substatement.

Given the discussions we have had about this, and that we don't have a
concrete proposal to discuss, shouldn't this wait?


/martin

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 24 05:22:26 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 13:48 +0200:
> On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 11:23:17AM +0200, tom.petch wrote:
> 
> [...]
>  
> > I don't see either as realistic; what we ask for seems, well,
> > unrealistic, and so likely to be ignored.  Given that, I think we
> > can find a better use for the default substatement.
> 
> It is difficult to speculate here. All we know is that DEFVALs have
> been used quite a bit in SNMP land. Now, the SMIv2 DEFVAL statement
> was advisory but not a MUST. It would be an exercise to go over all
> DEFVALs in MIB modules in order to determine which of the DEFVAL uses
> are actually hard defaults and which ones not. I am sure there are a
> number of DEFVALs where there is probably no dispute that they should
> be hard DEFVALs.

If the default is only advisory, it is not a big issue if different
implementors interpret the default statement differently since a
reasonable manager should always check that the default value is really
in the expected place. A MUST requires a precise specification,
otherwise  interoperability problems are much more likely than in the
advisory case.

Lada 

> 
> You want the default statement to have a very different meaning. So we
> seem to have three proposals on the table:
> 
> a) A default statement defines a value that MUST be assigned when the
>    manager does not provide a value.
> 
> b) A default statement defines a value that SHOULD be assigned when
>    the manager does not provide a value.
> 
> c) A default statement defines a value that can be assumed if config
>    is retrieved with an option to supress defaults.
> 
> Right now, the YANG specification says a). If my list above is
> correct, perhaps the chairs can do a concensus call and we move on.
> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:22:29PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> If the default is only advisory, it is not a big issue if different
> implementors interpret the default statement differently since a
> reasonable manager should always check that the default value is really
> in the expected place.

Which means the default statement is pretty pointless. It is easier to
simply send the default value in this case instead of checking what
got assigned and fixing things.

> A MUST requires a precise specification, otherwise interoperability
> problems are much more likely than in the advisory case.

The default clause is IMHO as precise as you can make it. Not sure
what is lacking. Perhaps you can post suggested text so I can better
understand.

Note that implementors can use a deviation to handle the case where
they choose to not comply to the specification. So a manager needs to
be able to parse deviations to understand the support implemented on
the device.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 24 05:55:55 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 14:32 +0200:
> On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:22:29PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>  
> > If the default is only advisory, it is not a big issue if different
> > implementors interpret the default statement differently since a
> > reasonable manager should always check that the default value is really
> > in the expected place.
> 
> Which means the default statement is pretty pointless. It is easier to
> simply send the default value in this case instead of checking what
> got assigned and fixing things.

We are in a perfect agreement here.

> 
> > A MUST requires a precise specification, otherwise interoperability
> > problems are much more likely than in the advisory case.
> 
> The default clause is IMHO as precise as you can make it. Not sure
> what is lacking. Perhaps you can post suggested text so I can better
> understand.

I sent an alternative formulation earlier today in this thread but I
suspect it will be found too weak. Given the differences in datastore
models, possible interactions of operational and configuration
parameters etc., it is really difficult to tell what the implications of
the default statement are.

For example, with the following module:

module foo {
    namespace "http://example.org/foo";
    prefix foo;
    leaf bar {
        type uint8;
        default 42;
    }
}

Now, if I unwrap the device implementing this module and start the first
NETCONF session, what can I rely on regarding the value of "bar", if
anything at all?

Lada

> 
> Note that implementors can use a deviation to handle the case where
> they choose to not comply to the specification. So a manager needs to
> be able to parse deviations to understand the support implemented on
> the device.
> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 24 06:04:59 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>a) A default statement defines a value that MUST be assigned when the
>   manager does not provide a value.
>
>b) A default statement defines a value that SHOULD be assigned when
>   the manager does not provide a value.
>
>c) A default statement defines a value that can be assumed if config
>   is retrieved with an option to supress defaults.
>
>Right now, the YANG specification says a). If my list above is
>correct, perhaps the chairs can do a concensus call and we move on.

I disagree with the words "be assigned" in (a).  The current spec
says something between (a) if "be assigned" were changed to "be
used internally" and (c) with no mention of the "suppress defaults"
option.

    If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is set
    to the value of the "default" statement.  Otherwise, if the leaf's
    type has a default value, and the leaf is not mandatory, then the
    leaf's default value is set to the type's default value.  In all other
    cases, the leaf does not have a default value.
    
    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
    instance is created.

I think Lada's "behave as if" words are much more descriptive than
"use internally".

Thanks,
 Phil

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On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:55:58PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> For example, with the following module:
> 
> module foo {
>     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
>     prefix foo;
>     leaf bar {
>         type uint8;
>         default 42;
>     }
> }
> 
> Now, if I unwrap the device implementing this module and start the first
> NETCONF session, what can I rely on regarding the value of "bar", if
> anything at all?

Unless there are other semantics in description statements, there will
be no <bar> instance.

According to 7.6, default values become relevant "when the instance is
created" and "no value is provided by the NETCONF client".

Since the only way to create this instance is by writing a value, the
default statement is somewhat pointless - unless there are other
semantics that can lead to the instantiation of "bar" without writing
an explicit value (so I think it is not wrong to allow for this
example).

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 24 06:12:34 2009
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On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:48:10PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >a) A default statement defines a value that MUST be assigned when the
> >   manager does not provide a value.
> >
> >b) A default statement defines a value that SHOULD be assigned when
> >   the manager does not provide a value.
> >
> >c) A default statement defines a value that can be assumed if config
> >   is retrieved with an option to supress defaults.
> >
> >Right now, the YANG specification says a). If my list above is
> >correct, perhaps the chairs can do a concensus call and we move on.
> 
> I disagree with the words "be assigned" in (a).  The current spec
> says something between (a) if "be assigned" were changed to "be
> used internally" and (c) with no mention of the "suppress defaults"
> option.
> 
>     If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is set
>     to the value of the "default" statement.  Otherwise, if the leaf's
>     type has a default value, and the leaf is not mandatory, then the
>     leaf's default value is set to the type's default value.  In all other
>     cases, the leaf does not have a default value.
>     
>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>     instance is created.
> 
> I think Lada's "behave as if" words are much more descriptive than
> "use internally".

I agree; sorry for the sloppy wording. But we need to put this
discussion somehow to an end.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 24 06:25:44 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 15:05 +0200:
> On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:55:58PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>  
> > For example, with the following module:
> > 
> > module foo {
> >     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
> >     prefix foo;
> >     leaf bar {
> >         type uint8;
> >         default 42;
> >     }
> > }
> > 
> > Now, if I unwrap the device implementing this module and start the first
> > NETCONF session, what can I rely on regarding the value of "bar", if
> > anything at all?
> 
> Unless there are other semantics in description statements, there will
> be no <bar> instance.

But what about

<nc:get-config>
  <nc:source>running</nc:source>
  <nwd:with-defaults>report-all</nwd:with-defaults>
</nc:get-config>

?
> 
> According to 7.6, default values become relevant "when the instance is
> created" and "no value is provided by the NETCONF client".
> 
> Since the only way to create this instance is by writing a value, the
> default statement is somewhat pointless - unless there are other
> semantics that can lead to the instantiation of "bar" without writing
> an explicit value (so I think it is not wrong to allow for this
> example).

Right, so let's expand it a bit:

module foo {
    namespace "http://example.org/foo";
    prefix foo;
    container wrap {
        presence "I mean something";
        leaf bar {
            type uint8;
            default 42;
        }
    }

Does the default statement then mean that the following two operations
are equivalent (and nothing else)?


<nc:edit-config>
  <nc:target>running</nc:target>
  <nc:config>
    <foo:wrap>
      <foo:bar>42</foo:bar>
    </foo:wrap>
  </nc:config>
</nc:edit-config>

<nc:edit-config>
  <nc:target>running</nc:target>
  <nc:config>
    <foo:wrap/>
  </nc:config>
</nc:edit-config>

Lada

> 
> /js
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From per@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 24 06:37:24 2009
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On 2009-08-24 14:48, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>> a) A default statement defines a value that MUST be assigned when the
>>   manager does not provide a value.
>>
>> b) A default statement defines a value that SHOULD be assigned when
>>   the manager does not provide a value.
>>
>> c) A default statement defines a value that can be assumed if config
>>   is retrieved with an option to supress defaults.
>>
>> Right now, the YANG specification says a). If my list above is
>> correct, perhaps the chairs can do a concensus call and we move on.
>
> I disagree with the words "be assigned" in (a).  The current spec
> says something between (a) if "be assigned" were changed to "be
> used internally" and (c) with no mention of the "suppress defaults"
> option.
>
>     If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is set
>     to the value of the "default" statement.  Otherwise, if the leaf's
>     type has a default value, and the leaf is not mandatory, then the
>     leaf's default value is set to the type's default value.  In all other
>     cases, the leaf does not have a default value.
>
>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>     instance is created.
>
> I think Lada's "behave as if" words are much more descriptive than
> "use internally".

Well, the text Lada suggested, unless I have missed some message, was:

    "An edit-config operation that creates the instance but does not
     provide a value for such a leaf MUST have the same effect as if
     the default value for that leaf was explicitly specified."

I think this is not acceptable, since "the same effect" would mean that
it *was* actually "assigned". The description needs to capture that the
device must function as if that value had been assigned, even though it
hasn't actually been - i.e. it cannot imply that the value should be
assigned in the data store. "behave as if" may be better than "use
internally", but it would have to be qualified as to which behavior it
is talking about - personally I'm fine with "use internally", since it
is free from implications about data store contents.

--Per Hedeland

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 24 06:42:58 2009
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On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 03:25:48PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
 
> Right, so let's expand it a bit:
> 
> module foo {
>     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
>     prefix foo;
>     container wrap {
>         presence "I mean something";
>         leaf bar {
>             type uint8;
>             default 42;
>         }
>     }
> 
> Does the default statement then mean that the following two operations
> are equivalent (and nothing else)?
> 
> 
> <nc:edit-config>
>   <nc:target>running</nc:target>
>   <nc:config>
>     <foo:wrap>
>       <foo:bar>42</foo:bar>
>     </foo:wrap>
>   </nc:config>
> </nc:edit-config>
> 
> <nc:edit-config>
>   <nc:target>running</nc:target>
>   <nc:config>
>     <foo:wrap/>
>   </nc:config>
> </nc:edit-config>

The answer likely depends on how you define "equivalent". In terms of
the behaviour of the device, they are equivalent. The presence
property of wrap does not change anything related to the instantiation
of bar as far as I understand things.

My preferred model, as stated before, is the one where the server
makes a distinction between config values that have been explicitely
set and values that are operationally used but not explicitely
configured and thus not part of a configuration datastore. So in both
cases, according to my model, the box is going to use the value 42 if
it needs a value for bar and hence the behaviour of the device should
be the same in both cases. The first edit-config, however, makes the
value 42 explicit configuration.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> Right, so let's expand it a bit:
> 
> module foo {
>     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
>     prefix foo;
>     container wrap {
>         presence "I mean something";
>         leaf bar {
>             type uint8;
>             default 42;
>         }
>     }
> 
> Does the default statement then mean that the following two operations
> are equivalent (and nothing else)?
> 
> 
> <nc:edit-config>
>   <nc:target>running</nc:target>
>   <nc:config>
>     <foo:wrap>
>       <foo:bar>42</foo:bar>
>     </foo:wrap>
>   </nc:config>
> </nc:edit-config>
> 
> <nc:edit-config>
>   <nc:target>running</nc:target>
>   <nc:config>
>     <foo:wrap/>
>   </nc:config>
> </nc:edit-config>

The behavior of the application in the server will be equivalent, but
the difference is that in the first example, /wrap/bar exists in the
config data store with a value of 42.  In the second example,
/wrap/bar does not exist in the data store.


/martin

From phil@juniper.net  Mon Aug 24 06:47:40 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>We are in a perfect agreement here.

But you are in disagreement with what operators want.  There's an
understandable difference between what applications want and what
human users want, and IMHO NETCONF/YANG cannot succeed if they
achieve programmatic access at the cost of human access.

In particular, the human wants configuration to be brief, simple,
and readable.  They want to find the important bits, with the
asssumption that making these bits more obvious means a simpler
time finding and correcting errors.  Populating a real config with
default values is a non-starter.

Given that we want to be better than existing schema langauges, are
there any examples of existing schema langauges that _don't_ have
the concept of default values?

Thanks,
 Phil

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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>we need to put this
>discussion somehow to an end.

+1

Thanks,
 Phil

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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>But neither this nor the original sentence covers the case where no
>NETCONF client/operation is involved, i.e. when the instance is a part
>of the initial configuration or is created automatically after a new
>piece of hardware is plugged in. Are there any assumptions for these
>cases?

The assumption is that running is always valid, so if any client
of any mechanism changes the contents of running, it must be left
in a valid state.  Otherwise, the contract implied by the YANG
module is not being followed.

Thanks,
 Phil

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 24 06:56:57 2009
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Martin Bjorklund píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 15:46 +0200:
> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> > Right, so let's expand it a bit:
> > 
> > module foo {
> >     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
> >     prefix foo;
> >     container wrap {
> >         presence "I mean something";
> >         leaf bar {
> >             type uint8;
> >             default 42;
> >         }
> >     }
> > 
> > Does the default statement then mean that the following two operations
> > are equivalent (and nothing else)?
> > 
> > 
> > <nc:edit-config>
> >   <nc:target>running</nc:target>
> >   <nc:config>
> >     <foo:wrap>
> >       <foo:bar>42</foo:bar>
> >     </foo:wrap>
> >   </nc:config>
> > </nc:edit-config>
> > 
> > <nc:edit-config>
> >   <nc:target>running</nc:target>
> >   <nc:config>
> >     <foo:wrap/>
> >   </nc:config>
> > </nc:edit-config>
> 
> The behavior of the application in the server will be equivalent, but
> the difference is that in the first example, /wrap/bar exists in the
> config data store with a value of 42.  In the second example,
> /wrap/bar does not exist in the data store.

This again depends on the datastore model. But in any case, an immediate
get-config with with-defaults set to "report-all" must return the same
output, right?

What's the answer to the first question in my previous mail?

Lada

> 
> 
> /martin
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Cc: NETMOD Working Group <netmod@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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On 2009-08-24 15:25, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder píae v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 15:05 +0200:
>> On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:55:58PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>
>>> For example, with the following module:
>>>
>>> module foo {
>>>     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
>>>     prefix foo;
>>>     leaf bar {
>>>         type uint8;
>>>         default 42;
>>>     }
>>> }
>>>
>>> Now, if I unwrap the device implementing this module and start the first
>>> NETCONF session, what can I rely on regarding the value of "bar", if
>>> anything at all?

Hm, I thought that it had finally been established that a device can
have configuration before the first NETCONF session is started - e.g.
preloaded before delivery (a.k.a. "factory default", where "default" of
course has a very different meaning than the Yang default-statement)
and/or via an initial CLI setup session.

As far as I can see, such an initial configuration can be anything - a
Yang data model has no way to specify restrictions on it beyond that it
must be valid, and this seems perfectly reasonable to me. I also don't
really see the problem - why would a NETCONF client need or want to
treat a "freshly unwrapped" device any different than one that has been
in service for a while (maybe in another network so it's "new" in its
current deployment)?

So, my answer would be "nothing at all".

>> Unless there are other semantics in description statements, there will
>> be no <bar> instance.

Which should mean that if there is some part of the device's operation
that is dependent on the value of <bar>, it should use the default value
- shouldn't it?

> But what about
>
> <nc:get-config>
>   <nc:source>running</nc:source>
>   <nwd:with-defaults>report-all</nwd:with-defaults>
> </nc:get-config>

If there is no <bar> instance, it should return <bar>42</bar>.

>> According to 7.6, default values become relevant "when the instance is
>> created" and "no value is provided by the NETCONF client".

Actually I think this text is not so good - "the instance" seems to
refer to the leaf with the default value, but the "you can only create
it by assigning a value to it" is always true for such a leaf. As in:

> <nc:edit-config>
>   <nc:target>running</nc:target>
>   <nc:config>
>     <foo:wrap/>
>   </nc:config>
> </nc:edit-config>

This creates the <wrap> container, but it doesn't create the <bar> leaf
within it - yet the consensus (+1) is that the default value of <bar>
must now "be in effect". IMO, once <wrap> is created, this is exactly
the same case as a toplevel <bar> with a default value.

--Per Hedeland

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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>> we need to put this
>> discussion somehow to an end.
> 
> +1
> 

^^2

We need to leave the default-stmt to be MUST implement.
Otherwise it has no value at all to the application
developer.

It seems to me the entire purpose of a default
would be (as Phil suggests) to allow the application
to rely on the default, so that leaf can be
effectively ignored by the operator.

If the meaning of a default leaf changes from MUST to SHOULD,
then operators will never be able to rely on it.


> Thanks,
>  Phil

Andy


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 24 08:14:28 2009
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Martin Bjorklund píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 16:04 +0200:
> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> > Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 15:05 +0200:
> > > On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:55:58PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > >  
> > > > For example, with the following module:
> > > > 
> > > > module foo {
> > > >     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
> > > >     prefix foo;
> > > >     leaf bar {
> > > >         type uint8;
> > > >         default 42;
> > > >     }
> > > > }
> > > > 
> > > > Now, if I unwrap the device implementing this module and start the first
> > > > NETCONF session, what can I rely on regarding the value of "bar", if
> > > > anything at all?
> > > 
> > > Unless there are other semantics in description statements, there will
> > > be no <bar> instance.
> > 
> > But what about
> > 
> > <nc:get-config>
> >   <nc:source>running</nc:source>
> >   <nwd:with-defaults>report-all</nwd:with-defaults>
> > </nc:get-config>
> > 
> > ?
> 
> In this case you will get <bar> with the value 42 in the reply.

Does this follow from the statement in Sec. 7.6?

   If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
   internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
   instance is created.

My interpretation is that the MUST only applies if the premise is
satisfied, i.e., if the NETCONF client creates the instance but does not
provide any value.

BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined in
the draft, is it the same as "data node"?

Lada

> 
> 
> /martin
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Andy Bierman píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 07:41 -0700:
> Phil Shafer wrote:
> > Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >> we need to put this
> >> discussion somehow to an end.
> > 
> > +1
> > 
> 
> ^^2

I am sorry, but since this has implications for the DSDL mapping draft,
I want to make sure I understand it correctly.

Lada

> 
> We need to leave the default-stmt to be MUST implement.
> Otherwise it has no value at all to the application
> developer.
> 
> It seems to me the entire purpose of a default
> would be (as Phil suggests) to allow the application
> to rely on the default, so that leaf can be
> effectively ignored by the operator.
> 
> If the meaning of a default leaf changes from MUST to SHOULD,
> then operators will never be able to rely on it.
> 
> 
> > Thanks,
> >  Phil
> 
> Andy
> 
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 16:04 +0200:
>> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
>>> Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 15:05 +0200:
>>>> On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:55:58PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>>>  
>>>>> For example, with the following module:
>>>>>
>>>>> module foo {
>>>>>     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
>>>>>     prefix foo;
>>>>>     leaf bar {
>>>>>         type uint8;
>>>>>         default 42;
>>>>>     }
>>>>> }
>>>>>
>>>>> Now, if I unwrap the device implementing this module and start the first
>>>>> NETCONF session, what can I rely on regarding the value of "bar", if
>>>>> anything at all?
>>>> Unless there are other semantics in description statements, there will
>>>> be no <bar> instance.
>>> But what about
>>>
>>> <nc:get-config>
>>>   <nc:source>running</nc:source>
>>>   <nwd:with-defaults>report-all</nwd:with-defaults>
>>> </nc:get-config>
>>>
>>> ?
>> In this case you will get <bar> with the value 42 in the reply.
> 
> Does this follow from the statement in Sec. 7.6?
> 
>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>    instance is created.
> 
> My interpretation is that the MUST only applies if the premise is
> satisfied, i.e., if the NETCONF client creates the instance but does not
> provide any value.
> 

I do not interpret this text that way at all.
The client is never allowed to provide invalid values
in an edit-config or copy-config.  The server will
reject the leaf with an invalid-value (or whatever duplicate
error-tag the server may pick).

The problem (IMO) is that YANG won't go as far as to say
that leafs with an agent-supplied value actually exist.
This is confusing and perhaps harmful to interoperability.

The server can supply missing configuration nodes at boot-time.
That much is clear (I hope).

   If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
   internally if no instance of the leaf is provided when an
   instance of the parent data node is created.  A top-level
   leaf node with a default statement is always present.

IMO, this is closer to what we mean.



> BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined in
> the draft, is it the same as "data node"?
> 
> Lada
> 
>>
>> /martin

Andy

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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>I am sorry, but since this has implications for the DSDL mapping draft,
>I want to make sure I understand it correctly.

So let's work backwards:  how different is the a:defaultValue in
RNG from the default statement in YANG?  What are the implications
of the current definition?

Thanks,
 Phil

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Andy Bierman píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 09:21 -0700:

> >    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
> >    instance is created.
> > 
> > My interpretation is that the MUST only applies if the premise is
> > satisfied, i.e., if the NETCONF client creates the instance but does not
> > provide any value.
> > 
> 
> I do not interpret this text that way at all.
> The client is never allowed to provide invalid values
> in an edit-config or copy-config.  The server will
> reject the leaf with an invalid-value (or whatever duplicate
> error-tag the server may pick).

Where do I say that the value can ever be invalid?

> 
> The problem (IMO) is that YANG won't go as far as to say
> that leafs with an agent-supplied value actually exist.
> This is confusing and perhaps harmful to interoperability.
> 
> The server can supply missing configuration nodes at boot-time.
> That much is clear (I hope).

Yes, but the question is whether the supplied value can differ from the
default value, if one is specified by the data model. My take is that it
can.

Lada

> 
>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>    internally if no instance of the leaf is provided when an
>    instance of the parent data node is created.  A top-level
>    leaf node with a default statement is always present.
> 
> IMO, this is closer to what we mean.
> 
> 
> 
> > BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined in
> > the draft, is it the same as "data node"?
> > 
> > Lada
> > 
> >>
> >> /martin
> 
> Andy
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Andy Bierman píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 09:21 -0700:
> 
>>>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>>>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>>>    instance is created.
>>>
>>> My interpretation is that the MUST only applies if the premise is
>>> satisfied, i.e., if the NETCONF client creates the instance but does not
>>> provide any value.
>>>
>> I do not interpret this text that way at all.
>> The client is never allowed to provide invalid values
>> in an edit-config or copy-config.  The server will
>> reject the leaf with an invalid-value (or whatever duplicate
>> error-tag the server may pick).
> 
> Where do I say that the value can ever be invalid?
> 
>> The problem (IMO) is that YANG won't go as far as to say
>> that leafs with an agent-supplied value actually exist.
>> This is confusing and perhaps harmful to interoperability.
>>
>> The server can supply missing configuration nodes at boot-time.
>> That much is clear (I hope).
> 
> Yes, but the question is whether the supplied value can differ from the
> default value, if one is specified by the data model. My take is that it
> can.

No.

If there is a default-stmt that applies (via typedef or leaf),
then that is the exact value that MUST be used by the server.

If there is no default-stmt in affect, then the server MAY
create a leaf instance with any valid value for that leaf.


> 
> Lada

Andy

> 
>>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>>    internally if no instance of the leaf is provided when an
>>    instance of the parent data node is created.  A top-level
>>    leaf node with a default statement is always present.
>>
>> IMO, this is closer to what we mean.
>>
>>
>>
>>> BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined in
>>> the draft, is it the same as "data node"?
>>>
>>> Lada
>>>
>>>> /martin
>> Andy



From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 24 10:25:37 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 12:41 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >I am sorry, but since this has implications for the DSDL mapping draft,
> >I want to make sure I understand it correctly.
> 
> So let's work backwards:  how different is the a:defaultValue in
> RNG from the default statement in YANG?  What are the implications
> of the current definition?

The annotation attribute is nma:default and is used essentially for
changing the infoset of the instance document by adding the annotated
element with the default value if it is are missing. This must be done
before Schematron validation.

However, if the default statement in YANG had another meaning
(especially one expressed with MUST), the resulting DSDL schemas most
likely won't be able to capture this semantics.

Lada

> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Phil Shafer píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 12:41 -0400:
>> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>>> I am sorry, but since this has implications for the DSDL mapping draft,
>>> I want to make sure I understand it correctly.
>> So let's work backwards:  how different is the a:defaultValue in
>> RNG from the default statement in YANG?  What are the implications
>> of the current definition?
> 
> The annotation attribute is nma:default and is used essentially for
> changing the infoset of the instance document by adding the annotated
> element with the default value if it is are missing. This must be done
> before Schematron validation.
> 
> However, if the default statement in YANG had another meaning
> (especially one expressed with MUST), the resulting DSDL schemas most
> likely won't be able to capture this semantics.
> 

But isn't the problem with mandatory (wrt/ DSDL) independent
of the default-stmt?  Mandatory=true means the contents of a valid
database will contain the mandatory node.  The WG agrees that is
what mandatory=true means.  This is needed to account for
factory initialization and dynamically selected server defaults.

So any schema language that describes the NETCONF PDUs instead of
the contents of the conceptual NETCONF database is not going
to be able to capture this semantics.



> Lada
> 
>> Thanks,
>>  Phil


Andy


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Andy Bierman píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 10:12 -0700:
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Andy Bierman píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 09:21 -0700:
> > 
> >>>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >>>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
> >>>    instance is created.
> >>>
> >>> My interpretation is that the MUST only applies if the premise is
> >>> satisfied, i.e., if the NETCONF client creates the instance but does not
> >>> provide any value.
> >>>
> >> I do not interpret this text that way at all.
> >> The client is never allowed to provide invalid values
> >> in an edit-config or copy-config.  The server will
> >> reject the leaf with an invalid-value (or whatever duplicate
> >> error-tag the server may pick).
> > 
> > Where do I say that the value can ever be invalid?
> > 
> >> The problem (IMO) is that YANG won't go as far as to say
> >> that leafs with an agent-supplied value actually exist.
> >> This is confusing and perhaps harmful to interoperability.
> >>
> >> The server can supply missing configuration nodes at boot-time.
> >> That much is clear (I hope).
> > 
> > Yes, but the question is whether the supplied value can differ from the
> > default value, if one is specified by the data model. My take is that it
> > can.
> 
> No.
> 
> If there is a default-stmt that applies (via typedef or leaf),
> then that is the exact value that MUST be used by the server.
> 
> If there is no default-stmt in affect, then the server MAY
> create a leaf instance with any valid value for that leaf.

So if the data model is

module foo {
    namespace "http://example.org/foo";
    prefix foo;
    leaf bar {
        type uint8;
        default 42;
    }
}

and my friendly vendor preloads the device with configuration

<bar xmlns="http://example.org/foo">13</bar>

the device will be considered non-compliant?

Lada

> 
> 
> > 
> > Lada
> 
> Andy
> 
> > 
> >>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >>    internally if no instance of the leaf is provided when an
> >>    instance of the parent data node is created.  A top-level
> >>    leaf node with a default statement is always present.
> >>
> >> IMO, this is closer to what we mean.
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>> BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined in
> >>> the draft, is it the same as "data node"?
> >>>
> >>> Lada
> >>>
> >>>> /martin
> >> Andy
> 
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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Andy Bierman píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 10:40 -0700:
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Phil Shafer píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 12:41 -0400:
> >> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >>> I am sorry, but since this has implications for the DSDL mapping draft,
> >>> I want to make sure I understand it correctly.
> >> So let's work backwards:  how different is the a:defaultValue in
> >> RNG from the default statement in YANG?  What are the implications
> >> of the current definition?
> > 
> > The annotation attribute is nma:default and is used essentially for
> > changing the infoset of the instance document by adding the annotated
> > element with the default value if it is are missing. This must be done
> > before Schematron validation.
> > 
> > However, if the default statement in YANG had another meaning
> > (especially one expressed with MUST), the resulting DSDL schemas most
> > likely won't be able to capture this semantics.
> > 
> 
> But isn't the problem with mandatory (wrt/ DSDL) independent
> of the default-stmt?  Mandatory=true means the contents of a valid
> database will contain the mandatory node.  The WG agrees that is
> what mandatory=true means.  This is needed to account for
> factory initialization and dynamically selected server defaults.

Yes, it is pretty much independent. Mandatory/optional is handled in
RELAX NG and simply checks whether all non-optional elements are present
in a given document. Whether an element is optional or not also depends
on the document type that is being validated.

A problem would be to capture semantics of assigned-by.

> 
> So any schema language that describes the NETCONF PDUs instead of
> the contents of the conceptual NETCONF database is not going
> to be able to capture this semantics.

A reply to get-config without any filter will be invalid if any of the
mandatory nodes are missing.

Lada
 
> 
> 
> 
> > Lada
> > 
> >> Thanks,
> >>  Phil
> 
> 
> Andy
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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To: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>So if the data model is
>module foo {
>    namespace "http://example.org/foo";
>    prefix foo;
>    leaf bar {
>        type uint8;
>        default 42;
>    }
>}
>and my friendly vendor preloads the device with configuration
><bar xmlns="http://example.org/foo">13</bar>
>the device will be considered non-compliant?

This is a gray area, since the your friendly vendor could say that
there's a boot time client that did an operation that set the value
of bar explicitly.  If you get the configuration, you will see
<bar>13</bar> so to your app, there's nothing strange afoot.

But if you have delete <bar>, it should not reappear
spontaneous.  Or if you have:

    list foo {
        key name;
        leaf name { ... }
        lear bar { ... default 42; }
        ...
    }

and your app makes a new <foo> and it's <bar> suddenly
becomes set to 13, something it definitely broken.

Thanks,
 Phil

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 24 11:33:50 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 13:50 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >So if the data model is
> >module foo {
> >    namespace "http://example.org/foo";
> >    prefix foo;
> >    leaf bar {
> >        type uint8;
> >        default 42;
> >    }
> >}
> >and my friendly vendor preloads the device with configuration
> ><bar xmlns="http://example.org/foo">13</bar>
> >the device will be considered non-compliant?
> 
> This is a gray area, since the your friendly vendor could say that
> there's a boot time client that did an operation that set the value
> of bar explicitly.  If you get the configuration, you will see
> <bar>13</bar> so to your app, there's nothing strange afoot.

Exactly! And if I plug in a new piece of hardware, the vendor can say
there's a hotplug client that did the operation. But then in practice
such default statements are not binding for the vendor.

> 
> But if you have delete <bar>, it should not reappear
> spontaneous.  Or if you have:

A datastore implementation that has the defaults explicitly represented
("report-all" style) will have to re-create <bar> with the default
value.

> 
>     list foo {
>         key name;
>         leaf name { ... }
>         lear bar { ... default 42; }
>         ...
>     }
> 
> and your app makes a new <foo> and it's <bar> suddenly
> becomes set to 13, something it definitely broken.

I agree here.

Lada

> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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From andy@netconfcentral.com  Mon Aug 24 11:56:15 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Phil Shafer píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 13:50 -0400:
>> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>>> So if the data model is
>>> module foo {
>>>    namespace "http://example.org/foo";
>>>    prefix foo;
>>>    leaf bar {
>>>        type uint8;
>>>        default 42;
>>>    }
>>> }
>>> and my friendly vendor preloads the device with configuration
>>> <bar xmlns="http://example.org/foo">13</bar>
>>> the device will be considered non-compliant?
>> This is a gray area, since the your friendly vendor could say that
>> there's a boot time client that did an operation that set the value
>> of bar explicitly.  If you get the configuration, you will see
>> <bar>13</bar> so to your app, there's nothing strange afoot.
> 
> Exactly! And if I plug in a new piece of hardware, the vendor can say
> there's a hotplug client that did the operation. But then in practice
> such default statements are not binding for the vendor.
> 

It is binding.
Phil is pointing out the possibility that
the operator may be able to provide CLI parameters
to the server that cause it to change from the assigned
mandatory default to the desired value.

So in this case, the mandatory default was conceptually
assigned, and then re-assigned to the CLI value.

In the absence of any initial configuration, the default
statement value MUST be the value used by the server.


>> But if you have delete <bar>, it should not reappear
>> spontaneous.  Or if you have:
> 
> A datastore implementation that has the defaults explicitly represented
> ("report-all" style) will have to re-create <bar> with the default
> value.
> 
>>     list foo {
>>         key name;
>>         leaf name { ... }
>>         lear bar { ... default 42; }
>>         ...
>>     }
>>
>> and your app makes a new <foo> and it's <bar> suddenly
>> becomes set to 13, something it definitely broken.
> 
> I agree here.
> 
> Lada
> 
>> Thanks,
>>  Phil

Andy

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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
Cc: <jmh@joelhalpern.com>; <lhotka@cesnet.cz>; <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2009 1:48 PM

> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > I agree that what I want is not what the spec currently says.  What I see as
> > a common use case is not covered.
>
> It seems you are saying that you don't think the current default
> statement is very useful.  If this is a correct interpretation, I can
> respect that, but at the same time I would like to know if you see any
> technical problems with the current text?

Martin

Weell, look at how the description starts:

'If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is set
   to the value of the "default" statement.  '  :-)

which is not exactly a definition, and as you see, I think of it as
a SHOULD, the best available wisdom of the data modeller, and
see that as more important than the issues of a manager knowing
what will be set in advance, what it will get on a retrieval with
various different options etc etc.  These are valid considerations,
problems to be solved, but, for me, secondary ones to be
solved in other ways.

(And yes, I do realise that there is more in 7.6 from which I
quote, but that is the first 'definition' of default:-)

The text probably should be strengthened once we have reached
a consensus:
eg  insert before the sentence I quote
  The default value is the value that the server MUST use
   internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
   instance is created.
and then go on to say where this default comes from,
pace agreement about 'internally' which, like Lada, I am unclear about

Tom Petch

> > Also, I have a problem with the spec.  I see information coming from four
> > sources; device-manufacturer, model-writer (could be SDO),
manager-implementer
> > and user, and any one of the four may know best in a given situation, nor do
> > I think we have the skills to prescribe any particular precedence.
> >
> > I expect manufacturers to implement best practice at the time the box is
> > built, but what do they do as best practice (and the SDO-provided data
model)
> > moves on?  either create non-conformance statements, or ship upgrades to
change
> > their values to current best practice.
> >
> > I don't see either as realistic; what we ask for seems, well, unrealistic,
and
> > so
> > likely to be ignored.  Given that, I think we can find a better use for the
> > default substatement.
>
> Given the discussions we have had about this, and that we don't have a
> concrete proposal to discuss, shouldn't this wait?
>
>
> /martin


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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2009 7:12 PM

> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Andy Bierman píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 09:21 -0700:
> >
> >>>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >>>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
> >>>    instance is created.
> >>>
> >>> My interpretation is that the MUST only applies if the premise is
> >>> satisfied, i.e., if the NETCONF client creates the instance but does not
> >>> provide any value.
> >>>
> >> I do not interpret this text that way at all.
> >> The client is never allowed to provide invalid values
> >> in an edit-config or copy-config.  The server will
> >> reject the leaf with an invalid-value (or whatever duplicate
> >> error-tag the server may pick).
> >
> > Where do I say that the value can ever be invalid?
> >
> >> The problem (IMO) is that YANG won't go as far as to say
> >> that leafs with an agent-supplied value actually exist.
> >> This is confusing and perhaps harmful to interoperability.
> >>
> >> The server can supply missing configuration nodes at boot-time.
> >> That much is clear (I hope).
> >
> > Yes, but the question is whether the supplied value can differ from the
> > default value, if one is specified by the data model. My take is that it
> > can.
>
> No.
>
> If there is a default-stmt that applies (via typedef or leaf),
> then that is the exact value that MUST be used by the server.
>
> If there is no default-stmt in affect, then the server MAY
> create a leaf instance with any valid value for that leaf.

I have no problem with having this capability in YANG. It meets
a use case and so has a reason to exist, so that manager-implementers
have a ready way to know what is there.

What then does not exist is what Joel so elegantly described
as a SHOULD ie the model writer wants to say
'This value represents our recommended wisdom" so passing this
on to device manufacturers, manager-implementers and all
sorts of users without forcing them to modify products to suit,
eg with code upgrades or non-compliance statements etc.

Rather, this use case has to go in the 'description' substatement.

As Juergen pointed out,
" If we go over board
with constraints in data models, we will kill ourself."
so I am cautious about the (perhaps over-)use of MUST.

Tom Petch

> > Lada
>
> Andy
>
> >
> >>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >>    internally if no instance of the leaf is provided when an
> >>    instance of the parent data node is created.  A top-level
> >>    leaf node with a default statement is always present.
> >>
> >> IMO, this is closer to what we mean.
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >>> BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined in
> >>> the draft, is it the same as "data node"?
> >>>
> >>> Lada
> >>>
> >>>> /martin
> >> Andy



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Subject: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re:  meaning of defau
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
To: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2009 6:21 PM
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default


> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Martin Bjorklund píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 16:04 +0200:
> >> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> >>> Juergen Schoenwaelder píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 15:05 +0200:
> >>>> On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 02:55:58PM +0200, Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>>> For example, with the following module:
> >>>>>
> >>>>> module foo {
> >>>>>     namespace "http://example.org/foo";
> >>>>>     prefix foo;
> >>>>>     leaf bar {
> >>>>>         type uint8;
> >>>>>         default 42;
> >>>>>     }
> >>>>> }
> >>>>>
> >>>>> Now, if I unwrap the device implementing this module and start the first
> >>>>> NETCONF session, what can I rely on regarding the value of "bar", if
> >>>>> anything at all?
> >>>> Unless there are other semantics in description statements, there will
> >>>> be no <bar> instance.
> >>> But what about
> >>>
> >>> <nc:get-config>
> >>>   <nc:source>running</nc:source>
> >>>   <nwd:with-defaults>report-all</nwd:with-defaults>
> >>> </nc:get-config>
> >>>
> >>> ?
> >> In this case you will get <bar> with the value 42 in the reply.
> >
> > Does this follow from the statement in Sec. 7.6?
> >
> >    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
> >    instance is created.
> >
> > My interpretation is that the MUST only applies if the premise is
> > satisfied, i.e., if the NETCONF client creates the instance but does not
> > provide any value.
> >
>
> I do not interpret this text that way at all.
> The client is never allowed to provide invalid values
> in an edit-config or copy-config.  The server will
> reject the leaf with an invalid-value (or whatever duplicate
> error-tag the server may pick).
>
> The problem (IMO) is that YANG won't go as far as to say
> that leafs with an agent-supplied value actually exist.
> This is confusing and perhaps harmful to interoperability.
>
> The server can supply missing configuration nodes at boot-time.
> That much is clear (I hope).

Andy

When I read Juergen saying

'My preferred model, as stated before, is the one where the server
makes a distinction between config values that have been explicitely
set and values that are operationally used but not explicitely
configured and thus not part of a configuration datastore'

I read something different, that what is supplied by the server
at boot time is not  then part of configuration - ever.

Tom Petch

>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>    internally if no instance of the leaf is provided when an
>    instance of the parent data node is created.  A top-level
>    leaf node with a default statement is always present.
>
> IMO, this is closer to what we mean.
>
>
>
> > BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined in
> > the draft, is it the same as "data node"?
> >
> > Lada
> >
> >>
> >> /martin
>
> Andy


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Subject: [netmod] Terminology wasRe:  Please submit open issues separately
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... but if I were to pick one technical issue above others, it would be
terminology,
that a lot of our threads revolve around words that are not clearly
defined or where we use different words for the same concept and
perhaps talk past each other.

Examples are
- user/agent/application (not too important),
- the importing of Clark notation and expanded names into
prefix discussions (concepts we need and don't have terms for)
- the different node types, which Lada unpicked for us, which
in turn has much changed our use of XPath
- nodes again with 'grouping' which I think still needs work
- identifiers v names, which came up today
- instance, again came up today
....

Just examples, no one too major, but overall there is a
fuzziness around, as if I am peering through a fog.

Tom Petch


----- Original Message -----
From: "David Partain" <david.partain@ericsson.com>
To: "NETMOD Working Group" <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, August 21, 2009 12:34 PM
Subject: [netmod] Please submit open issues separately


> Hi all,
>
> I'm have EXTREME difficulty understanding where people are and even what they
> think the issues are.
>
> As such, I'd like to request the following:  If there is an issue that you
> think remains unresolved, please send mail to the list with
>
> (1) a relevant subject stating what the issue is
> (2) a pointer to the text in the document that you think has the issue, and
> (3) if possible, a suggested textual fix that we can discuss.
>
> We're all over the place at the moment, which concerns me.
>
> Cheers,
>
> David
>
> ps. I hope to submit minutes in the next few hours for your comments.
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod


From per@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 24 13:19:35 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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On 2009-08-24 19:50, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>> So if the data model is
>> module foo {
>>    namespace "http://example.org/foo";
>>    prefix foo;
>>    leaf bar {
>>        type uint8;
>>        default 42;
>>    }
>> }
>> and my friendly vendor preloads the device with configuration
>> <bar xmlns="http://example.org/foo">13</bar>
>> the device will be considered non-compliant?
> 
> This is a gray area, since the your friendly vendor could say that
> there's a boot time client that did an operation that set the value
> of bar explicitly.

Why would he say such a silly thing, instead of simply explaining that
the device is preloaded with a configuration that (among other,
hopefully specified, values) has the value 13 for the <bar> leaf? Do you
consider the concept of a preloaded configuration to be somehow a
violation of any YANG data model? Or just a preloaded configuration where
some leafs have configured values other than the defaults specified in
the data model?

Yang describes how the operations of a NETCONF client affect the
configuration, and other sources of configuration or configuration
changes are outside its scope - but taking this to mean that no
configuration other than that which has been provided by a NETCONF
client can exist on the device, which this discussion seems to keep
circling around to, has no basis either in the draft or in reality IMO.

I do think the specification of when the server must use the default
value is less than ideal though - not the "use internally", but the
rest. I would like to suggest a change like the one below, which mirrors
the specification of what "mandatory" means. But perhaps this is
overkill, and it could end with "... internally." The (presumably
intended meaning of the) original text is just a special case of "no
value has been set".

OLD:

   If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
   internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
   instance is created.

NEW:

   If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
   server MUST use the default value internally in the following cases,
   depending on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the
   schema tree which is not a non-presence container:

   o If no such ancestor exists.

   o Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, if any node from the
     case exists.

   o Otherwise, if the ancestor node exists.


--Per Hedeland

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Mon Aug 24 13:27:02 2009
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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re:  meaning of defau
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tom.petch wrote:
....
> Andy
> 
> When I read Juergen saying
> 
> 'My preferred model, as stated before, is the one where the server
> makes a distinction between config values that have been explicitely
> set and values that are operationally used but not explicitely
> configured and thus not part of a configuration datastore'
> 
> I read something different, that what is supplied by the server
> at boot time is not  then part of configuration - ever.
> 

huh? what page in the draft says this?

If the client issues a <get-config> operation
on running and with-defaults=report-all, then
the server-supplied values will be there,
so why would you think otherwise?

The use of static default-stmt values are
limited to those cases where there is agreement
on the exact value.  If not, then the description
statement is (by design) where information about
dynamic defaults, or preferred defaults, or
discouraged defaults, will be found.


> Tom Petch
>


Andy


From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Mon Aug 24 15:17:20 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re:  meaning of defau
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On Mon, Aug 24, 2009 at 10:27:07PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> tom.petch wrote:
> ....
> > Andy
> > 
> > When I read Juergen saying
> > 
> > 'My preferred model, as stated before, is the one where the server
> > makes a distinction between config values that have been explicitely
> > set and values that are operationally used but not explicitely
> > configured and thus not part of a configuration datastore'
> > 
> > I read something different, that what is supplied by the server
> > at boot time is not  then part of configuration - ever.
> > 
> 
> huh? what page in the draft says this?
> 
> If the client issues a <get-config> operation
> on running and with-defaults=report-all, then
> the server-supplied values will be there,
> so why would you think otherwise?

Lets step back for a while and look at config files and what I like
about some of them. Here is what I really like about some config
files: They contain comments indicating settable objects and the
default value that applies. Something simple like this:

# bar=42

The config file tells me that there is a bar and what its default
value is. If I want, I can copy the line and turn this to

# bar=42
bar=42

and bar=42 becomes explicit part of my config. Of course, I can choose
a different value, e.g.

# bar=42
bar=24

and a software update might even lead to this (by updating the
commented default):

# bar=24
bar=24

I do not know about others, but I really love these kind of config
files. They seem to make my life easier.

Emulating this with NETCONF/YANG requires that there is a distinction
between operationally used (default) values and config data. And,
obviously, config data that happens to match the current default value
should not cause any special processing or behaviour - the fact that
the implemented default changed in the example above should not change
the config snippet bar=24 at all.

>From this perspective, the width-defaults draft kind of goes into the
wrong direction. I would need instead a way to retrieve the
operationally used values that are not config data. And it does not
matter at all whether the YANG data model defines a machine readable
default value - what I am interested is what the device operationally
uses; and this in particular applies to objects that do not have a
stable static default value in the data model.

The width-defaults ID assumes that all parameters ultimately are part
of the config and that only some of them happen to be magically
hidden.  I am not convinced this is the right model; I am a big fan of
the explicit config model where stuff not explicitely configured is
simply not part of the config datastore. In other words, the
operationally used values that are not configured live somewhere else
but not as part of the config. In the config file example shown above,
comment characters are used to indicate exactly that.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Hi,
 
>  OLD:
>  
>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>     instance is created.
>  
>  NEW:
>  
>     If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
>     server MUST use the default value internally in the following cases,
>     depending on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the
>     schema tree which is not a non-presence container:
>  
>     o If no such ancestor exists.
>  
>     o Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, if any node from the
>       case exists.
>  
>     o Otherwise, if the ancestor node exists.

Or

     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
     instance is created implicitly.
                               ^^^^^
for simplicity?

washam


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To: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>The width-defaults ID assumes that all parameters ultimately are part
>of the config and that only some of them happen to be magically
>hidden.  I am not convinced this is the right model; I am a big fan of
>the explicit config model where stuff not explicitely configured is
>simply not part of the config datastore. In other words, the
>operationally used values that are not configured live somewhere else
>but not as part of the config. In the config file example shown above,
>comment characters are used to indicate exactly that.

Amen.  One can look at this as two distinct problems:

(a) Before I make a list item, what can I say about the
    leafs that I am not creating?
    ex: If I make an interface, but don't set the duplex,
    will it default to full, half, or auto?

(b) After I create the list item, what can I learn
    about the leafs of the real instance of this item?
    ex: Now that I've made an interface, what is the
    duplex at this point in time?

There are questions about giving feedback to the user of my application
before they create the interface, but there are questions about the
state of the interface that was defined in the configuration data.
The interaction isn't as easy as the with-defaults ID makes it
sound.

With-defaults doesn't address (a) or (b).  I can't do a with-defaults
on a non-existant instance, so the source for (a) has to be the
YANG module.  And doing a with-defaults report-all for (b) will
tell me the YANG default of "auto", not the current value of "full".
"auto" may be interesting to know, but given that I had to write
the code to find it for (a), finding it for (b) is trivial.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Mon Aug 24 19:50:52 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>> The width-defaults ID assumes that all parameters ultimately are part
>> of the config and that only some of them happen to be magically
>> hidden.  I am not convinced this is the right model; I am a big fan of
>> the explicit config model where stuff not explicitely configured is
>> simply not part of the config datastore. In other words, the
>> operationally used values that are not configured live somewhere else
>> but not as part of the config. In the config file example shown above,
>> comment characters are used to indicate exactly that.
> 
> Amen.  One can look at this as two distinct problems:
> 
> (a) Before I make a list item, what can I say about the
>     leafs that I am not creating?
>     ex: If I make an interface, but don't set the duplex,
>     will it default to full, half, or auto?
> 
> (b) After I create the list item, what can I learn
>     about the leafs of the real instance of this item?
>     ex: Now that I've made an interface, what is the
>     duplex at this point in time?
> 
> There are questions about giving feedback to the user of my application
> before they create the interface, but there are questions about the
> state of the interface that was defined in the configuration data.
> The interaction isn't as easy as the with-defaults ID makes it
> sound.
> 
> With-defaults doesn't address (a) or (b).  I can't do a with-defaults
> on a non-existant instance, so the source for (a) has to be the
> YANG module.  And doing a with-defaults report-all for (b) will
> tell me the YANG default of "auto", not the current value of "full".
> "auto" may be interesting to know, but given that I had to write
> the code to find it for (a), finding it for (b) is trivial.

You could design a duplex-admin leaf and
a duplex-operational leaf if you cared so much
about this little corner case.

For every other type of leaf, (B) works fine.
(A) is the same result you get now, without with-defaults.

The advantage of with-defaults=report-all is that it
clearly shows the actual values in use
on a specific agent at a specific time.
That can be really useful in debugging.

Before making changes to the config, it is
often useful to know the current contents of the config.
After making changes to the config, it is
often useful to know exactly what happened.

I agree with Juergen that the best way to really
make progress is to have interoperability test events,
and see if most implementations do things a certain
way, and only 1 or 2 implementations are off in the weeds,
wrt/ defaults.

  leaf foo {
    type string;
  }

I am concerned that there will be many leafs of the type
above.  Telling customers to just look up the CLI documentation
for all the server-provided leafs is fine, if you hate your customers.

Using with-defaults=report-all is a million times less work
for them.  There is also no substitute for a direct answer to
a direct question, at the time the information is needed.


> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

From per@tail-f.com  Mon Aug 24 23:57:31 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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On 2009-08-25 04:09, WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
>
>>  OLD:
>>
>>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>>     instance is created.
>>
>>  NEW:
>>
>>     If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
>>     server MUST use the default value internally in the following cases,
>>     depending on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the
>>     schema tree which is not a non-presence container:
>>
>>     o If no such ancestor exists.
>>
>>     o Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, if any node from the
>>       case exists.
>>
>>     o Otherwise, if the ancestor node exists.
>
> Or
>
>      If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>      internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>      instance is created implicitly.
>                                ^^^^^
> for simplicity?

I disagree, on two counts. First, the leaf isn't created at all in the
relevant case, neither implicitly nor explicitly. It is created by
giving it a value, at which point the default value becomes irrelevant.
Second, I specifically wanted to avoid the "operational" description
that seems to be interpreted to mean that the usage of the default value
is dependent on who created what and how. Whether the default value MUST
be used can always be determined by observing the existing
configuration, in a manner that is very similar to how it is determined
that a leaf marked "mandatory" MUST exist.

If a simpler version is wanted, I still vote for:

     If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
     server MUST use the default value internally.

But that requires the reader to be able to figure out that the value,
default or otherwise, of leafs in non-existing presence containers, list
entries, or choice cases, is irrelevant. I don't know if that is a
realistic requirement.

--Per Hedeland


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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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On 2009-08-25 03:57, Phil Shafer wrote:
>
> Amen.  One can look at this as two distinct problems:
>
> (a) Before I make a list item, what can I say about the
>     leafs that I am not creating?
>     ex: If I make an interface, but don't set the duplex,
>     will it default to full, half, or auto?
>
> (b) After I create the list item, what can I learn
>     about the leafs of the real instance of this item?
>     ex: Now that I've made an interface, what is the
>     duplex at this point in time?
>
> There are questions about giving feedback to the user of my application
> before they create the interface, but there are questions about the
> state of the interface that was defined in the configuration data.
> The interaction isn't as easy as the with-defaults ID makes it
> sound.
>
> With-defaults doesn't address (a) or (b).

It does address (b).

>  I can't do a with-defaults
> on a non-existant instance, so the source for (a) has to be the
> YANG module.  And doing a with-defaults report-all for (b) will
> tell me the YANG default of "auto", not the current value of "full".

No, of course report-all will not report the default value for a leaf
that has a different value. IMO this is obvious from the very motivation
of the capability in the introduction section, the need to provide data
that may otherwise be suppressed. Values that are different from the
default value are never suppressed, hence the capability is irrelevant
for those. If still in doubt, see the example.

--Per Hedeland

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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2009 10:20 AM
Subject: [netmod] bit statement bug


>  A bit name is currently restricted to be an identifier.  I think this
> is a bug - at some point in time both enums and bits were supposed to
> be identifiers, but we relaxed this.  The text reflects this for
> enums, but not for bits.  For example, the usage example in 9.7.5 has
> this:
> 
>              bit 10-Mb-only {
>                  position 2;
>              }
> 
> but this is not legal according to the current text and grammar.
> 
> I suggest this change to 9.7.4:
> 
> OLD
> 
>    The "bit" statement, which is a substatement to the "type" statement,
>    MUST be present if the type is "bits".  It is repeatedly used to
>    specify each assigned named bit of a bits type.  It takes as an
>    argument a string which is the assigned name of the bit.  It is
>    followed by a block of substatements which holds detailed bit
>    information.  A bit name follows the same syntax rules as an
>    identifier (see Section 6.2).
> 
> NEW
> 
>    The "bit" statement, which is a substatement to the "type" statement,
>    MUST be present if the type is "bits".  It is repeatedly used to
>    specify each assigned named bit of a bits type.  It takes as an
>    argument a string which is the assigned name of the bit.  The
>    string MUST NOT be empty and MUST NOT contain any
>    whitespace characters.  The use of control codes SHOULD be avoided.
> 
>    The statement is optionally followed by a block of substatements
>    which holds detailed bit information.

Martin

Yes, it works, but ... terminology.  A minor point here but typical of 
what can be a bigger one elsewhere.

Reading this suggests to me we have a concept of 'assigned name' which 
would then be different from a name which is of course different from
an identifier:-)  I am (again) left unsure if I know what it means - really.
And you have omitted the next sentence which then refers not to 'assigned
name' but to 'bit names':-(

If 'assigned name' is not something special, then I would recast it along 
the lines of

'Each bit statement assigns (specifies) a name to (for) a bit.  It takes as an
 argument a string which is the name of the bit.'

or being analytical, get rid of adverbs whenever possible, use verbs for 
the action and reduce the number of terms to the number of concepts.

At a tangent, I suggest in the ABNF comment for WSP
/white space/whitespace/
I know I don't know what whitespace is in YANG but always struggle
to find the formal definition when I search on 'whitespace'.

Tom Petch
> 
> /martin


From mbj@tail-f.com  Tue Aug 25 02:43:38 2009
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Hi,

I think this discussion has found three issues that need to be addressed:

  o The presentation issue reported by Tom; first describe what a
    default value is, then how it is defined.

  o We need a more precise definition of *what* it is, i.e. what "use
    internally" means.  
  
  o We need a more precise definition of *when* the default value is
    "used internally".

The *how* text can be kept more or less as is, I think.

The problem is that the description of all these three are
intertwined.  Here's an attempt.  I made a new subsection for this.


7.6.1.  The leaf's default value

   The default value of a leaf is the value that the server uses if no
   value has been explicitly set.  The usage of the default value
   depends on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the schema
   tree which is not a non-presence container:

   o  If no such ancestor exists, the default value MUST be used.

   o  Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, the default value MUST
      be used if any node from the case exists.

   o  Otherwise, the default value MUST be used if the ancestor node
      exists.

   In the cases where the default value MUST be used, the server MUST
   operationally behave as is if the leaf was present in the data tree with
   the default value as its value.

   If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is the
   value of the "default" statement.  Otherwise, if the leaf's type has
   a default value, and the leaf is not mandatory, then the leaf's
   default value is the type's default value.  In all other cases, the
   leaf does not have a default value.


And also modify section 7.13.2 (and 7.13.3 and 7.14 similarly)

   If a leaf in the input tree has a default value, the NETCONF server
   MUST use this value in the same cases as described in Section
   7.6.1.  In these cases, the server MUST operationally behave as if
   the leaf was present in the NETCONF RPC invocation with the default
   value as its value.


/martin

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Hi,

"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> Yes, it works,

So far, I am not introducing this change.  Andy was against, Juergen
was maybe for it.  But your comments apply to the original text as
well.

> but ... terminology.  A minor point here but typical of 
> what can be a bigger one elsewhere.
> 
> Reading this suggests to me we have a concept of 'assigned name' which 
> would then be different from a name which is of course different from
> an identifier:-)

Section 9.7 says:

   The bits built-in type represents a bit set.  That is, a bits value
   is a set of flags identified by small integer position numbers
   starting at 0.  Each bit number has an assigned name.

So this is where the "assigned name" is defined.  Now, I guess we
could s/assigned name/name/ but would that really solve a real
problem?   (we'd have to do it form enums as well).

>  I am (again) left unsure if I know what it means - really.
> And you have omitted the next sentence which then refers not to 'assigned
> name' but to 'bit names':-(

Fixed.  bit names is now assigned name.

> At a tangent, I suggest in the ABNF comment for WSP
> /white space/whitespace/

Fixed.


/martin

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On 2009-08-25 12:00, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>
> So far, I am not introducing this change.  Andy was against, Juergen
> was maybe for it.

I don't think it is a big problem, but restricting the bit names to be
identifiers seems like a completely arbitrary and pointless rule, which
is something I generally find confusing. So here's a vote *for* the
change (bugfix), and including a note motivating the difference from
enum names as suggested by Juergen would be a good idea I think.
Restricting also enum names to be identifiers would be worse than the
current situation IMO.

--Per Hedeland

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Tue Aug 25 05:15:19 2009
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Per Hedeland píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 22:19 +0200:

> OLD:
> 
>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>    instance is created.
> 
> NEW:
> 
>    If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
>    server MUST use the default value internally in the following cases,
>    depending on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the
>    schema tree which is not a non-presence container:
> 
>    o If no such ancestor exists.
> 
>    o Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, if any node from the
>      case exists.
> 
>    o Otherwise, if the ancestor node exists.
> 
Actually, draft-ietf-netmod-dsdl-map-03 defines in Sec. 8.1.2 the term
"implicit node" which tries to capture these conditions, although for
the case node the formulation is different. An implicit node is a leaf
with specified default, a non-presence container containing at least one
such leaf as its child, etc. Using this term, YANG draft could perhaps
formulate the requirement for defaults as follows:

A valid configuration in which an implicit node is missing MUST be
equivalent to another configuration which is identical except that the
implicit node is present and, if it is a leaf, has the default value.

This says for example that for the module

module foo {
    namespace "http://example.org/foo";
    prefix foo;
    container wrap {
        leaf bar {
            type uint8;
            default 42;
        }
    }

the following configurations are equivalent:

1. empty configuration

2. <wrap xmlns="http://example.org/foo"/>

3. <wrap xmlns="http://example.org/foo">
     <bar>42</bar>
   </wrap>

Could this work?

Lada



> 
> --Per Hedeland
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Hi,

----- Original Message -----
From: Per Hedeland <per@tail-f.com>
Date: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 2:58 pm
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
To: WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
Cc: netmod@ietf.org


> On 2009-08-25 04:09, WashamFan wrote:
>  > Hi,
>  >
>  >>  OLD:
>  >>
>  >>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>  >>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when 
> the
>  >>     instance is created.
>  >>
>  >>  NEW:
>  >>
>  >>     If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
>  >>     server MUST use the default value internally in the following 
> cases,
>  >>     depending on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the
>  >>     schema tree which is not a non-presence container:
>  >>
>  >>     o If no such ancestor exists.
>  >>
>  >>     o Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, if any node from 
> the
>  >>       case exists.
>  >>
>  >>     o Otherwise, if the ancestor node exists.
>  >
>  > Or
>  >
>  >      If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>  >      internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when 
> the
>  >      instance is created implicitly.
>  >                                ^^^^^
>  > for simplicity?
>  
>  I disagree, on two counts. First, the leaf isn't created at all in the
>  relevant case, neither implicitly nor explicitly. It is created by
>  giving it a value, at which point the default value becomes irrelevant.

OK. That is related the issue whether default leaves belong to the
config. Since majority does not think default leaves belong to the
config. i.e., no default leaves exist in data tree, i.e., no instance at all.
I am fine with that.
 
>  Second, I specifically wanted to avoid the "operational" description
>  that seems to be interpreted to mean that the usage of the default value
>  is dependent on who created what and how. Whether the default value MUST
>  be used can always be determined by observing the existing
>  configuration, in a manner that is very similar to how it is determined
>  that a leaf marked "mandatory" MUST exist.

But the usage of the default value MUST be defined, I think Martin's 
proposal in another email is good.

washam

>  If a simpler version is wanted, I still vote for:
>  
>       If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
>       server MUST use the default value internally.
>  
>  But that requires the reader to be able to figure out that the value,
>  default or otherwise, of leafs in non-existing presence containers, list
>  entries, or choice cases, is irrelevant. I don't know if that is a
>  realistic requirement.
>  
>  --Per Hedeland
>  
>  

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Hi=2C

----- Original Message -----
From=3A Ladislav Lhotka =3Clhotka=40cesnet=2Ecz=3E
Date=3A Tuesday=2C August 25=2C 2009 8=3A17 pm
Subject=3A Re=3A =5Bnetmod=5D meaning of default
To=3A Per Hedeland =3Cper=40tail-f=2Ecom=3E
Cc=3A netmod=40ietf=2Eorg


=3E Per Hedeland p=ED=A8e v Po 24=2E 08=2E 2009 v 22=3A19 +0200=3A
=3E  =

=3E  =3E OLD=3A
=3E  =3E =

=3E  =3E    If the leaf has a default value=2C the server MUST use this =
value
=3E  =3E    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client whe=
n the
=3E  =3E    instance is created=2E
=3E  =3E =

=3E  =3E NEW=3A
=3E  =3E =

=3E  =3E    If the leaf has a default value=2C and no value has been set=
=2C the
=3E  =3E    server MUST use the default value internally in the followin=
g cases=2C
=3E  =3E    depending on the type of the leaf=27s closest ancestor node =
in the
=3E  =3E    schema tree which is not a non-presence container=3A
=3E  =3E =

=3E  =3E    o If no such ancestor exists=2E
=3E  =3E =

=3E  =3E    o Otherwise=2C if this ancestor is a case node=2C if any nod=
e from the
=3E  =3E      case exists=2E
=3E  =3E =

=3E  =3E    o Otherwise=2C if the ancestor node exists=2E
=3E  =3E =

=3E  Actually=2C draft-ietf-netmod-dsdl-map-03 defines in Sec=2E 8=2E1=2E=
2 the term
=3E  =22implicit node=22 which tries to capture these conditions=2C alth=
ough for
=3E  the case node the formulation is different=2E An implicit node is a=
 leaf
=3E  with specified default=2C a non-presence container containing at le=
ast =

=3E one
=3E  such leaf as its child=2C etc=2E Using this term=2C YANG draft coul=
d perhaps
=3E  formulate the requirement for defaults as follows=3A

I assume the implicit node refers to node in schema tree=2C right=3F
I read the sec 8=2E1=2E2=2C but it did not say how about default leaf de=
fined in =

grouping=2C is it a implicit node in this case=3F

=3E  A valid configuration in which an implicit node is missing MUST be
=3E  equivalent to another configuration which is identical except that =
the
=3E  implicit node is present and=2C if it is a leaf=2C has the default =
value=2E

I am not sure expressing in this way is legal or not=2C since default le=
af
might never present in the config in most people=27s POV=2E

=3E  This says for example that for the module
=3E  =

=3E  module foo =7B
=3E      namespace =22http=3A//example=2Eorg/foo=22=3B
=3E      prefix foo=3B
=3E      container wrap =7B
=3E          leaf bar =7B
=3E              type uint8=3B
=3E              default 42=3B
=3E          =7D
=3E      =7D
=3E  =

=3E  the following configurations are equivalent=3A
=3E  =

=3E  1=2E empty configuration
=3E  =

=3E  2=2E =3Cwrap xmlns=3D=22

I am not sure it is legal or not=3F Can you explicit a NP container
without setting its children=3F

washam

=3E  3=2E =3Cwrap xmlns=3D=22
=3E       =3Cbar=3E42=3C/bar=3E
=3E     =3C/wrap=3E
=3E  =

=3E  Could this work=3F
=3E  =

=3E  Lada
=3E  =

=3E  =

=3E  =

=3E  =3E =

=3E  =3E --Per Hedeland
=3E  =3E =5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=
=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=
=5F=5F
=3E  =3E netmod mailing list
=3E  =3E netmod=40ietf=2Eorg
=3E  =3E https=3A//www=2Eietf=2Eorg/mailman/listinfo/netmod
=3E  -- =

=3E  Ladislav Lhotka=2C CESNET
=3E  PGP Key ID=3A E74E8C0C
=3E  =

=3E  =5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=
=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=5F=

=3E  netmod mailing list
=3E  netmod=40ietf=2Eorg
=3E  https=3A//www=2Eietf=2Eorg/mailman/listinfo/netmod
=3E  

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Tue Aug 25 07:22:12 2009
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WashamFan píše v Út 25. 08. 2009 v 22:03 +0800:
> Hi,
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
> Date: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 8:17 pm
> Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
> To: Per Hedeland <per@tail-f.com>
> Cc: netmod@ietf.org
> 
> 
> > Per Hedeland píše v Po 24. 08. 2009 v 22:19 +0200:
> >  
> >  > OLD:
> >  > 
> >  >    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
> >  >    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
> >  >    instance is created.
> >  > 
> >  > NEW:
> >  > 
> >  >    If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
> >  >    server MUST use the default value internally in the following cases,
> >  >    depending on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the
> >  >    schema tree which is not a non-presence container:
> >  > 
> >  >    o If no such ancestor exists.
> >  > 
> >  >    o Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, if any node from the
> >  >      case exists.
> >  > 
> >  >    o Otherwise, if the ancestor node exists.
> >  > 
> >  Actually, draft-ietf-netmod-dsdl-map-03 defines in Sec. 8.1.2 the term
> >  "implicit node" which tries to capture these conditions, although for
> >  the case node the formulation is different. An implicit node is a leaf
> >  with specified default, a non-presence container containing at least 
> > one
> >  such leaf as its child, etc. Using this term, YANG draft could perhaps
> >  formulate the requirement for defaults as follows:
> 
> I assume the implicit node refers to node in schema tree, right?

No, they are nodes in the data tree that are filled in, if they are
missing, when generating the configuration in "report-all" style. So to
be precise, the last bullet should actually read

o  As an exception to the above two rules, a leaf or container node
   that is defined inside a case of a choice can be implicit only if that
   case is declared as default by using the 'default' statement, see
   Section 7.9.3 in [5].

> I read the sec 8.1.2, but it did not say how about default leaf defined in 
> grouping, is it a implicit node in this case?

No, only nodes in the data tree come into play, grouping definitions
don't contribute to the data tree.

> 
> >  A valid configuration in which an implicit node is missing MUST be
> >  equivalent to another configuration which is identical except that the
> >  implicit node is present and, if it is a leaf, has the default value.
> 
> I am not sure expressing in this way is legal or not, since default leaf
> might never present in the config in most people's POV.

It doesn't matter, I think. It just says that everything should work
like when the node is present. I know, equivalence of configurations is
also a bit vague, but not worse than "uses internally". The advantage is
that it is expressed in terms of configurations, i.e., statically.

> 
> >  This says for example that for the module
> >  
> >  module foo {
> >      namespace "http://example.org/foo";
> >      prefix foo;
> >      container wrap {
> >          leaf bar {
> >              type uint8;
> >              default 42;
> >          }
> >      }
> >  
> >  the following configurations are equivalent:
> >  
> >  1. empty configuration
> >  
> >  2. <wrap xmlns="
> 
> I am not sure it is legal or not? Can you explicit a NP container
> without setting its children?

It is legal, see Sec. 7.5.7:

A NETCONF server that replies to a <get> or <get-config> request MAY
choose not to send a container element if the container node does not
have the "presence" statement and no child nodes exist.

Lada

> 
> washam
> 
> >  3. <wrap xmlns="
> >       <bar>42</bar>
> >     </wrap>
> >  
> >  Could this work?
> >  
> >  Lada
> >  
> >  
> >  
> >  > 
> >  > --Per Hedeland
> >  > _______________________________________________
> >  > netmod mailing list
> >  > netmod@ietf.org
> >  > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> >  -- 
> >  Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
> >  PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C
> >  
> >  _______________________________________________
> >  netmod mailing list
> >  netmod@ietf.org
> >  https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> >  
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Per Hedeland <per@tail-f.com>
> Date: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 2:58 pm
> Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
> To: WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
> Cc: netmod@ietf.org
> 
> 
>> On 2009-08-25 04:09, WashamFan wrote:
>>  > Hi,
>>  >
>>  >>  OLD:
>>  >>
>>  >>     If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>>  >>     internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when 
>> the
>>  >>     instance is created.
>>  >>
>>  >>  NEW:
>>  >>
>>  >>     If the leaf has a default value, and no value has been set, the
>>  >>     server MUST use the default value internally in the following 
>> cases,
>>  >>     depending on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the
>>  >>     schema tree which is not a non-presence container:
>>  >>
>>  >>     o If no such ancestor exists.
>>  >>
>>  >>     o Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, if any node from 
>> the
>>  >>       case exists.
>>  >>
>>  >>     o Otherwise, if the ancestor node exists.
>>  >
>>  > Or
>>  >
>>  >      If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>>  >      internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when 
>> the
>>  >      instance is created implicitly.
>>  >                                ^^^^^
>>  > for simplicity?
>>  
>>  I disagree, on two counts. First, the leaf isn't created at all in the
>>  relevant case, neither implicitly nor explicitly. It is created by
>>  giving it a value, at which point the default value becomes irrelevant.
> 
> OK. That is related the issue whether default leaves belong to the
> config. Since majority does not think default leaves belong to the
> config. i.e., no default leaves exist in data tree, i.e., no instance at all.
> I am fine with that.
>  


I am not convinced this is the WG consensus.
Will the co-Chairs please confirm.

I believe the WG consensus is that server-supplied values are
actually present.  The server is not required to return
those leafs unless the :with-defaults capability is supported.


>>  Second, I specifically wanted to avoid the "operational" description
>>  that seems to be interpreted to mean that the usage of the default value
>>  is dependent on who created what and how. Whether the default value MUST
>>  be used can always be determined by observing the existing
>>  configuration, in a manner that is very similar to how it is determined
>>  that a leaf marked "mandatory" MUST exist.
> 
> But the usage of the default value MUST be defined, I think Martin's 
> proposal in another email is good.
> 

We are never going to agree that mandatory=true
means the client must set the leaf, because we cannot
agree on a 3rd state like 'server-assigned'.

You cannot observe the current config and know for
certain what server-supplied values will be added
if a new subtree is added to the config.

As Phil pointed out, you can only retrieve data from
the server that is already there.  You have to read
the YANG file, and it may or may not have default-stmt
or description-stmt information that will help.

SMIv2 is not nearly as precise as YANG
in this area, so we should be happy with a big improvement.
YANG has the default and description statements, and
both are optional-to-use.  It is up to the data model
writer to make sure all relevant information is documented
in the YANG module.


> washam

Andy


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Andy Bierman wrote:
...
> As Phil pointed out, you can only retrieve data from
> the server that is already there.  You have to read
> the YANG file, and it may or may not have default-stmt
> or description-stmt information that will help.
> 

This is not true if the server supports :candidate
and :with-defaults capabilities.  Then the client
can lock the candidate, create any portion of the config,
and retrieve it with-defaults=report-all.
The operator does not have to carefully read a
stack of YANG modules in this case, just to
find out what the server will do.


> 
>> washam
> 
> Andy


Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > OK. That is related the issue whether default leaves belong to the
> > config. Since majority does not think default leaves belong to the
> > config. i.e., no default leaves exist in data tree, i.e., no instance at all.
> > I am fine with that.
> >  
> 
> 
> I am not convinced this is the WG consensus.

Wait!  The text is written so that it allows the server to handle
defaults in any of the three ways described in the with-defaults I-D.

Do any of you want to change this text now?

> I believe the WG consensus is that server-supplied values are
> actually present.

server-supplied values is something different, with no formal YANG
support. 


/martin

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 25 08:11:04 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>> OK. That is related the issue whether default leaves belong to the
>>> config. Since majority does not think default leaves belong to the
>>> config. i.e., no default leaves exist in data tree, i.e., no instance at all.
>>> I am fine with that.
>>>  
>>
>> I am not convinced this is the WG consensus.
> 
> Wait!  The text is written so that it allows the server to handle
> defaults in any of the three ways described in the with-defaults I-D.
> 
> Do any of you want to change this text now?
> 

There is lots of text scattered throughout the draft.
There is text that says (for must and when expressions)
the set of defaults are included in the server data set.

To me, the litmus test is the expected behavior for
this example:

 container top {
   leaf foo {
     type string;
   }
   leaf bar {
     type string;
     default 'barney';
   }
   leaf baz {
      type string;
      mandatory true;
   }
 }


Client Creates:

  <config>
       <top>
          <baz>wilma</baz>
       </top>
   </config>


Server Contains:
(i.e., this is returned if with-defaults=report-all)

   <config>
       <top>
          <foo>fred</foo>
          <bar>barney</bar>
          <baz>wilma</baz>
       </top>
   </config>


What happens when a <get-config> for a server-supplied
leaf is issued, without any :with-defaults support?


   <get-config>
      <source><running/></source>
      <filter type="subtree">
         <top>
            <foo/>
            <bar/>
         </top>
      </filter>
   </get-config>


We know that that the server can skip over defaults if
the request is for an ancestor node of the default leaf,
but what if the request is directly for the specified leaf?
I think Lada brought up this issue before.

IMO, all servers MUST return the requested data for this filter.



>> I believe the WG consensus is that server-supplied values are
>> actually present.
> 
> server-supplied values is something different, with no formal YANG
> support. 
> 

So both NETCONF and YANG are silent about whether or not
all servers will respond in a consistent manner for this example?
Why is this considered an acceptable level of interoperability?


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >>> OK. That is related the issue whether default leaves belong to the
> >>> config. Since majority does not think default leaves belong to the
> >>> config. i.e., no default leaves exist in data tree, i.e., no instance at
> >>> all.
> >>> I am fine with that.
> >>>  
> >>
> >> I am not convinced this is the WG consensus.
> > 
> > Wait!  The text is written so that it allows the server to handle
> > defaults in any of the three ways described in the with-defaults I-D.
> > 
> > Do any of you want to change this text now?
> > 
> 
> There is lots of text scattered throughout the draft.
> There is text that says (for must and when expressions)
> the set of defaults are included in the server data set.
> 
> To me, the litmus test is the expected behavior for
> this example:
> 
>  container top {
>    leaf foo {
>      type string;
>    }
>    leaf bar {
>      type string;
>      default 'barney';
>    }
>    leaf baz {
>       type string;
>       mandatory true;
>    }
>  }
> 
> 
> Client Creates:
> 
>   <config>
>        <top>
>           <baz>wilma</baz>
>        </top>
>    </config>

So 'foo' is "server assigned"?

> Server Contains:
> (i.e., this is returned if with-defaults=report-all)
> 
>    <config>
>        <top>
>           <foo>fred</foo>
>           <bar>barney</bar>
>           <baz>wilma</baz>
>        </top>
>    </config>
> 
> 
> What happens when a <get-config> for a server-supplied
> leaf is issued, without any :with-defaults support?
> 
> 
>    <get-config>
>       <source><running/></source>
>       <filter type="subtree">
>          <top>
>             <foo/>
>             <bar/>
>          </top>
>       </filter>
>    </get-config>

I can only speak for <bar/> - if the server does not store defaults
(with-defaults basic mode 'explicit'), bar will not be returned.

As for foo, personally I would like it to be included, i.e. a server
assigned value will always be part of the config, but it all depends
on if/when the WG do 'server-assigned'.

> We know that that the server can skip over defaults if
> the request is for an ancestor node of the default leaf,
> but what if the request is directly for the specified leaf?
> I think Lada brought up this issue before.

It will not be returned.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>>> OK. That is related the issue whether default leaves belong to the
>>>>> config. Since majority does not think default leaves belong to the
>>>>> config. i.e., no default leaves exist in data tree, i.e., no instance at
>>>>> all.
>>>>> I am fine with that.
>>>>>  
>>>> I am not convinced this is the WG consensus.
>>> Wait!  The text is written so that it allows the server to handle
>>> defaults in any of the three ways described in the with-defaults I-D.
>>>
>>> Do any of you want to change this text now?
>>>
>> There is lots of text scattered throughout the draft.
>> There is text that says (for must and when expressions)
>> the set of defaults are included in the server data set.
>>
>> To me, the litmus test is the expected behavior for
>> this example:
>>
>>  container top {
>>    leaf foo {
>>      type string;
>>    }
>>    leaf bar {
>>      type string;
>>      default 'barney';
>>    }
>>    leaf baz {
>>       type string;
>>       mandatory true;
>>    }
>>  }
>>
>>
>> Client Creates:
>>
>>   <config>
>>        <top>
>>           <baz>wilma</baz>
>>        </top>
>>    </config>
> 
> So 'foo' is "server assigned"?
> 

yes -- on this server, at this moment.
It is undocumented, so you cannot assume
anything about past or future instances
of the <foo> leaf.


>> Server Contains:
>> (i.e., this is returned if with-defaults=report-all)
>>
>>    <config>
>>        <top>
>>           <foo>fred</foo>
>>           <bar>barney</bar>
>>           <baz>wilma</baz>
>>        </top>
>>    </config>
>>
>>
>> What happens when a <get-config> for a server-supplied
>> leaf is issued, without any :with-defaults support?
>>
>>
>>    <get-config>
>>       <source><running/></source>
>>       <filter type="subtree">
>>          <top>
>>             <foo/>
>>             <bar/>
>>          </top>
>>       </filter>
>>    </get-config>
> 
> I can only speak for <bar/> - if the server does not store defaults
> (with-defaults basic mode 'explicit'), bar will not be returned.
> 
> As for foo, personally I would like it to be included, i.e. a server
> assigned value will always be part of the config, but it all depends
> on if/when the WG do 'server-assigned'.
> 
>> We know that that the server can skip over defaults if
>> the request is for an ancestor node of the default leaf,
>> but what if the request is directly for the specified leaf?
>> I think Lada brought up this issue before.
> 
> It will not be returned.
> 

I do not think this meets the minimum level
of interoperability that an application developer needs
to utilize this standard.  I wonder what the IESG will think.

We never had this behavior with SMIv2 and SNMP.
I can't even imagine how much harder it would
have been on the NMS developers, if get-next
randomly skipped over nodes the user was authorized
to retrieve.

When 4741 was written, the concept that some vendors
would omit portions of the data never came up.
It was assumed the only filters were those defined
in the standard.

The idea that the server can contain configuration data which affects
device behavior, but the client never needs to see it, is incorrect,
and harmful to interoperability.

It may be a goal of the NETCONF and NETMOD WGs to reflect
industry practice and just expose the native API.  That is
fine, but it does not take precedence over the IETF's
goal to achieve real protocol interoperability.

> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 25 10:07:04 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>This is not true if the server supports :candidate
>and :with-defaults capabilities.  Then the client
>can lock the candidate, create any portion of the config,
>and retrieve it with-defaults=report-all.

Translate that use case into real-world activity.  If my application
wants to display the default value for <mtu> to some GUI user while
he's building an ethernet interface, I need to:

- lock the database
- fake an entry
- re-fetch w/defaults
- discard changes
- unlock

Imho this is unworkable.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 25 10:09:59 2009
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>Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> We know that that the server can skip over defaults if
>> the request is for an ancestor node of the default leaf,
>> but what if the request is directly for the specified leaf?

Martin Bjorklund writes:
>It will not be returned.

I agree with Martin, and agree that this is an issue that was decided
long ago.  Let's stop redesigning at last call.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 25 10:32:39 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> This is not true if the server supports :candidate
>> and :with-defaults capabilities.  Then the client
>> can lock the candidate, create any portion of the config,
>> and retrieve it with-defaults=report-all.
> 
> Translate that use case into real-world activity.  If my application
> wants to display the default value for <mtu> to some GUI user while
> he's building an ethernet interface, I need to:
> 
> - lock the database
> - fake an entry
> - re-fetch w/defaults
> - discard changes
> - unlock
> 
> Imho this is unworkable.
> 

IMO this is simple, easy to use, deterministic, and already
fully supported when :candidate and :with-defaults
are enabled in the server.  I can't imagine server code
that would know the user was faking an entry, vs.
creating a real scratchpad entry.

This takes an operator all of a few minutes to complete.
Looking up all the relevant vendor documentation,
especially for leafs without YANG default statements,
may not even be possible.  Even if it is found, there
could be a bug in the server, so the documentation is wrong.

Retrieving the actual values in use at a particular moment
is the best way for an operator to discover all the configuration
parameter values affecting server behavior.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 


Andy


From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 25 10:36:01 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>I wonder what the IESG will think.

My hope is that they will understand what the word "default" means.
It doesn't mean spontaneously appearing values, but values that are
used when no value is given.  If no value is given, then the non-value
isn't part of the configuration, but the system will use the default
value instead of failing.

When I use "ping" with the default packet size, it doesn't rewrite
my command line with that value.  It uses the default value internally
instead of failing with an error saying that it needs a packet size.

When I edit /etc/rc.conf, I only enter the vital information, not
page after page of values I do not care about.  When the system
boots up, no one rewrites /etc/rc.conf to include all the default
values which I do not care about.

When someone configures an interface in JUNOS, they don't need to
specify values for the hundred or so configurables on that interface
which they do not care about.  When they view the configuration, I
show them only what they have configured, not the hundred or so
leafs that they did not.  If I suggested that showing them this
noise was a feature, I would be laughed off their network.

I can't tell you what a bad idea populating default values into the
configuration would be.   I'm shocked we are still on this rat hole.

>The idea that the server can contain configuration data which affects
>device behavior, but the client never needs to see it, is incorrect,
>and harmful to interoperability.

The client can learn it from the YANG module.  We are expecting
clients to handle this, since the module will also tell the other
vital information like keys, mandatory, ranges, and datatypes.  If
a client is not interested in learning the rules of the road as
spelled out in the YANG module, I don't want that client managing
my box.

Do you believe we are writing YANG with the expectation
that clients will be unwilling to parse and digest the
information in YANG modules?

>It may be a goal of the NETCONF and NETMOD WGs to reflect
>industry practice and just expose the native API.  That is
>fine, but it does not take precedence over the IETF's
>goal to achieve real protocol interoperability.

I see no conflict between default values and interoperability.  I
see large conflict between bloated configurations and working
networks.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 25 10:39:34 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
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Phil Shafer wrote:
>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>> We know that that the server can skip over defaults if
>>> the request is for an ancestor node of the default leaf,
>>> but what if the request is directly for the specified leaf?
> 
> Martin Bjorklund writes:
>> It will not be returned.
> 
> I agree with Martin, and agree that this is an issue that was decided
> long ago.  Let's stop redesigning at last call.
> 

I understood the decision incorrectly.
I thought it applied to retrieval of ancestor nodes,
not to explicit retrieval requests.

NETCONF has no explicit 'get' operation like SNMP,
which is an interoperability problem.

I thought an explicit request for a specific leaf instance
would return the value in use, even if it was not set in
some special way that makes a difference to this server's
meaning of the term 'default'.

Otherwise the standards value to an application developer
is (IMO) too low to be approved by the IESG.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 


Andy

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Andy Bierman writes:
>This takes an operator all of a few minutes to complete.

This isn't going anywhere, eh?  As Randy Bush was fond of saying
"I invite my competitors to architect their solution this way".

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 25 10:52:05 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> I wonder what the IESG will think.
> 
> My hope is that they will understand what the word "default" means.
> It doesn't mean spontaneously appearing values, but values that are
> used when no value is given.  If no value is given, then the non-value
> isn't part of the configuration, but the system will use the default
> value instead of failing.
> 
> When I use "ping" with the default packet size, it doesn't rewrite
> my command line with that value.  It uses the default value internally
> instead of failing with an error saying that it needs a packet size.
> 
> When I edit /etc/rc.conf, I only enter the vital information, not
> page after page of values I do not care about.  When the system
> boots up, no one rewrites /etc/rc.conf to include all the default
> values which I do not care about.
> 
> When someone configures an interface in JUNOS, they don't need to
> specify values for the hundred or so configurables on that interface
> which they do not care about.  When they view the configuration, I
> show them only what they have configured, not the hundred or so
> leafs that they did not.  If I suggested that showing them this
> noise was a feature, I would be laughed off their network.
> 
> I can't tell you what a bad idea populating default values into the
> configuration would be.   I'm shocked we are still on this rat hole.
> 
>> The idea that the server can contain configuration data which affects
>> device behavior, but the client never needs to see it, is incorrect,
>> and harmful to interoperability.
> 
> The client can learn it from the YANG module.  We are expecting
> clients to handle this, since the module will also tell the other
> vital information like keys, mandatory, ranges, and datatypes.  If
> a client is not interested in learning the rules of the road as
> spelled out in the YANG module, I don't want that client managing
> my box.
> 
> Do you believe we are writing YANG with the expectation
> that clients will be unwilling to parse and digest the
> information in YANG modules?
> 
>> It may be a goal of the NETCONF and NETMOD WGs to reflect
>> industry practice and just expose the native API.  That is
>> fine, but it does not take precedence over the IETF's
>> goal to achieve real protocol interoperability.
> 
> I see no conflict between default values and interoperability.  I
> see large conflict between bloated configurations and working
> networks.
> 

We are in strong disagreement here.
If the operator explicitly selects a leaf in the <filter>,
or uses with-defaults=report-all, then the operator knows best,
not you (the vendor).

I am not referring to other types of retrieval requests.

IMO, there MUST be a way for an operator to retrieve all
the nodes, even those that have some strange definition
of a default value.  The only way to do that in NETCONF
is to construct a subtree or XPath filter that explicitly
selects the desired leaf.  This is not nearly as good
as the SNMP Get PDU, but oh well.

I don't not think the solution to let every server decide
what a default means, and what nodes are going to be
retrievable, has any standards value to an application
developer attempting to use the YANG and NETCONF standards.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> This takes an operator all of a few minutes to complete.
> 
> This isn't going anywhere, eh?  As Randy Bush was fond of saying
> "I invite my competitors to architect their solution this way".
> 


you don't understand that :candidate+:with-defaults
already supports what you call unworkable?

> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy




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Andy Bierman writes:
>I thought an explicit request for a specific leaf instance
>would return the value in use, even if it was not set in
>some special way that makes a difference to this server's
>meaning of the term 'default'.

"specific leaf instance" and "in use" imply that there's something
there, but this is configuration data, not state data.

Try this: Consider that configuration data is instructions from the
user to the system that tell it what to do.  The default value is
the value that is used when a piece of the instructions are not
given by the user.

If I ask the server for a piece of the instructions, I'm asking it
to tell me what I told it to do.  If I didn't ask it to do something,
then there are no instructions and it should tell me that I didn't
tell it anything.  It should not tell me what it might do since I
didn't give it specific instructions.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> I thought an explicit request for a specific leaf instance
>> would return the value in use, even if it was not set in
>> some special way that makes a difference to this server's
>> meaning of the term 'default'.
> 
> "specific leaf instance" and "in use" imply that there's something
> there, but this is configuration data, not state data.
> 
> Try this: Consider that configuration data is instructions from the
> user to the system that tell it what to do.  The default value is
> the value that is used when a piece of the instructions are not
> given by the user.
> 
> If I ask the server for a piece of the instructions, I'm asking it
> to tell me what I told it to do.  If I didn't ask it to do something,
> then there are no instructions and it should tell me that I didn't
> tell it anything.  It should not tell me what it might do since I
> didn't give it specific instructions.
> 

We do not view the problem space the same way.

When I am debugging, I assume nothing, and trust nothing
until it is verified.  Normally, I don't want to look at
the server-supplied config=true leafs.
But normally, everything works.

By definition, if I'm debugging, then something doesn't work.
If I just assume that every possible setting in the server
is just fine, then I don't know much about debugging,
and could be at it forever, assuming only my settings
could possibly be responsible for the current network problem.

The WG consensus is that this is an optional server
feature (:with-defaults).  So I guess the market will
decide if servers without this debugging feature
are useful or not.  I can't imagine any 3rd party
application developer bothering with NETCONF/YANG at all,
but YMMV.

> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 


Andy



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Andy Bierman writes:
>you don't understand that :candidate+:with-defaults
>already supports what you call unworkable?

I think expecting to touch production boxes in non-maintenance
windows to learn default values that are available in YANG modules
would get me a thrashing by my customers.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Tue Aug 25 11:25:01 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>If the operator explicitly selects a leaf in the <filter>,
>or uses with-defaults=report-all, then the operator knows best,
>not you (the vendor).

When the user explicitly adds a leaf, they are adding
it to their set of instructions.  I treat it as a piece
of vital data.

>I am not referring to other types of retrieval requests.

You asked:

>>>> What happens when a <get-config> for a server-supplied
>>>> leaf is issued, without any :with-defaults support?
>>>> 
>>>>>   <get-config>
>>>>>      <source><running/></source>
>>>>>      <filter type="subtree">
>>>>>         <top>
>>>>>            <foo/>
>>>>>            <bar/>
>>>>>         </top>
>>>>>      </filter>
>>>>>   </get-config>

>I don't not think the solution to let every server decide
>what a default means, and what nodes are going to be
>retrievable, has any standards value to an application
>developer attempting to use the YANG and NETCONF standards.

I don't recall anyone suggesting that every server can
decide a default means.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] bit statement bug
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Martin

OK

Tom Petch

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 12:00 PM
Subject: Re: [netmod] bit statement bug


> Hi,
> 
> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > Yes, it works,
> 
> So far, I am not introducing this change.  Andy was against, Juergen
> was maybe for it.  But your comments apply to the original text as
> well.
> 
> > but ... terminology.  A minor point here but typical of 
> > what can be a bigger one elsewhere.
> > 
> > Reading this suggests to me we have a concept of 'assigned name' which 
> > would then be different from a name which is of course different from
> > an identifier:-)
> 
> Section 9.7 says:
> 
>    The bits built-in type represents a bit set.  That is, a bits value
>    is a set of flags identified by small integer position numbers
>    starting at 0.  Each bit number has an assigned name.
> 
> So this is where the "assigned name" is defined.  Now, I guess we
> could s/assigned name/name/ but would that really solve a real
> problem?   (we'd have to do it form enums as well).
> 
> >  I am (again) left unsure if I know what it means - really.
> > And you have omitted the next sentence which then refers not to 'assigned
> > name' but to 'bit names':-(
> 
> Fixed.  bit names is now assigned name.
> 
> > At a tangent, I suggest in the ABNF comment for WSP
> > /white space/whitespace/
> 
> Fixed.
> 
> 
> /martin

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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of config really was meaning of default
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
To: "WashamFan" <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 4:38 PM
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default

> WashamFan wrote:
> >
> > ----- Original Message -----
> > From: Per Hedeland <per@tail-f.com>
> > Date: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 2:58 pm
> > Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
> >>
> >>  I disagree, on two counts. First, the leaf isn't created at all in the
> >>  relevant case, neither implicitly nor explicitly. It is created by
> >>  giving it a value, at which point the default value becomes irrelevant.
> >
> > OK. That is related the issue whether default leaves belong to the
> > config. Since majority does not think default leaves belong to the
> > config. i.e., no default leaves exist in data tree, i.e., no instance at
all.
> > I am fine with that.
> >
> I am not convinced this is the WG consensus.
> Will the co-Chairs please confirm.
>
> I believe the WG consensus is that server-supplied values are
> actually present.  The server is not required to return
> those leafs unless the :with-defaults capability is supported.

To quote a much-quoted phrase,
"configuration data: The set of writable data that is required to
transform a system from its initial default state into its current
state "

'writable' tells me capable of being written to, even if noone in
the world ever actually writes it.

The alternative view, which keeps popping up, is
'The set of having been written data that has transformed the
system from its initial default state into its current state "

I think that the former prevails, but I am not too sure; I do think
that this will not go away until we do something about it.

I see server-generated values, which are writable, as
part of configuration, perhaps even a writable leaf for which
the server has not generated a value.

Tom Petch

> >>  Second, I specifically wanted to avoid the "operational" description
> >>  that seems to be interpreted to mean that the usage of the default value
> >>  is dependent on who created what and how. Whether the default value MUST
> >>  be used can always be determined by observing the existing
> >>  configuration, in a manner that is very similar to how it is determined
> >>  that a leaf marked "mandatory" MUST exist.
> >
> > But the usage of the default value MUST be defined, I think Martin's
> > proposal in another email is good.
> >
>
> We are never going to agree that mandatory=true
> means the client must set the leaf, because we cannot
> agree on a 3rd state like 'server-assigned'.
>
> You cannot observe the current config and know for
> certain what server-supplied values will be added
> if a new subtree is added to the config.
>
> As Phil pointed out, you can only retrieve data from
> the server that is already there.  You have to read
> the YANG file, and it may or may not have default-stmt
> or description-stmt information that will help.
>
> SMIv2 is not nearly as precise as YANG
> in this area, so we should be happy with a big improvement.
> YANG has the default and description statements, and
> both are optional-to-use.  It is up to the data model
> writer to make sure all relevant information is documented
> in the YANG module.
>
>
> > washam
>
> Andy


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Tue Aug 25 11:36:34 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> you don't understand that :candidate+:with-defaults
>> already supports what you call unworkable?
> 
> I think expecting to touch production boxes in non-maintenance
> windows to learn default values that are available in YANG modules
> would get me a thrashing by my customers.
> 

1) Leafs without YANG default statements may not be documented
   in the YANG file.

2) This has no impact on the running network whatsoever,
   if the :candidate capability is implemented correctly.


3) It would be the network operator working for your
   customer spending 60 seconds instead of all day discovering
   this information.

4) Using some memory, then discarding the 'changes',
   is an operator decision, not a vendor decision.


I guess this is going nowhere.
I guess I'm the only one who thinks letting every server
define its own undocumented meaning of a default, and therefore its
own set of retrievable nodes for each YANG module,
will impair interoperability for application developers.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Tue Aug 25 11:53:34 2009
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Hi,

>  IMO, there MUST be a way for an operator to retrieve all
>  the nodes, even those that have some strange definition
>  of a default value.  The only way to do that in NETCONF
>  is to construct a subtree or XPath filter that explicitly
>  selects the desired leaf.  This is not nearly as good
>  as the SNMP Get PDU, but oh well.
>  
>  I don't not think the solution to let every server decide
>  what a default means, and what nodes are going to be
>  retrievable, has any standards value to an application
>  developer attempting to use the YANG and NETCONF standards.

Isn't that what :with-defaults is for? :with-defaults is introduced
to manage defaults in a consistent way by users regardless of
how servers handle them internally, IMO. Do you suggest
:with-default should be mandatory-to-implement?

washam

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tom.petch wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Andy Bierman" <andy@netconfcentral.com>
> To: "WashamFan" <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 4:38 PM
> Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
> 
>> WashamFan wrote:
>>> ----- Original Message -----
>>> From: Per Hedeland <per@tail-f.com>
>>> Date: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 2:58 pm
>>> Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of default
>>>>  I disagree, on two counts. First, the leaf isn't created at all in the
>>>>  relevant case, neither implicitly nor explicitly. It is created by
>>>>  giving it a value, at which point the default value becomes irrelevant.
>>> OK. That is related the issue whether default leaves belong to the
>>> config. Since majority does not think default leaves belong to the
>>> config. i.e., no default leaves exist in data tree, i.e., no instance at
> all.
>>> I am fine with that.
>>>
>> I am not convinced this is the WG consensus.
>> Will the co-Chairs please confirm.
>>
>> I believe the WG consensus is that server-supplied values are
>> actually present.  The server is not required to return
>> those leafs unless the :with-defaults capability is supported.
> 
> To quote a much-quoted phrase,
> "configuration data: The set of writable data that is required to
> transform a system from its initial default state into its current
> state "
> 
> 'writable' tells me capable of being written to, even if noone in
> the world ever actually writes it.
> 
> The alternative view, which keeps popping up, is
> 'The set of having been written data that has transformed the
> system from its initial default state into its current state "
> 
> I think that the former prevails, but I am not too sure; I do think
> that this will not go away until we do something about it.
> 
> I see server-generated values, which are writable, as
> part of configuration, perhaps even a writable leaf for which
> the server has not generated a value.
> 

agreed.
According to the YANG spec, if they were not writable,
then config=false.

Although the default-stmt is allowed with config=false,
so this 'magic filtering' problem has nothing to do
with the config-stmt.

The quote above is a normative reference to RFC 4741.
We agreed that YANG is not redefining RFC 4741, so
we are not going to change the YANG draft to use
its own definition of configuration data (I hope).

I cannot find any definition of a server-supplied default
anywhere in the YANG document.  According to the YANG draft,
only leafs with a default (or typedef-inherited default)
actually have a default value.  (type1 below).

Any other server-supplied leaf (type2 and type3 below) is undocumented.
A server MAY create them, but the YANG spec does not actually say
such nodes exist or not.  The WG agreed that a server
MAY create them, but it is still ignored in the spec.

  leaf type1 {
     type string;
     mandatory false;
     config true/false;
     default 'exact';
  }

  leaf type2 {
     type string;
     mandatory false;
     config true/false;
  }

  leaf type3 {
     type string;
     mandatory true;
     config true/false;
  }

> Tom Petch


Andy

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"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> To quote a much-quoted phrase,
> "configuration data: The set of writable data that is required to
> transform a system from its initial default state into its current
> state "
> 
> 'writable' tells me capable of being written to, even if noone in
> the world ever actually writes it.

"its current state" tells me that this "set of writable data" changes
depending on the device's current state.  So what the term
"configuration data" means depends on the current state of the box
(which presumably depends on how it is configured...)

I am not sure what exactly you want to read into the quote above.

> I see server-generated values, which are writable, as
> part of configuration

So do I.  If we had a statement 'assigned-by system', the server would
actually add the value to the config.  As such, it would always be
reported.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
>> To quote a much-quoted phrase,
>> "configuration data: The set of writable data that is required to
>> transform a system from its initial default state into its current
>> state "
>>
>> 'writable' tells me capable of being written to, even if noone in
>> the world ever actually writes it.
> 
> "its current state" tells me that this "set of writable data" changes
> depending on the device's current state.  So what the term
> "configuration data" means depends on the current state of the box
> (which presumably depends on how it is configured...)
> 
> I am not sure what exactly you want to read into the quote above.
> 
>> I see server-generated values, which are writable, as
>> part of configuration
> 
> So do I.  If we had a statement 'assigned-by system', the server would
> actually add the value to the config.  As such, it would always be
> reported.
> 

this is much more than an existentialist discussion on server
created leafs.  It has an impact on the protocol as I (and others) have
pointed out:

  - Do must statements apply to server-created leafs?
  - Do min-elements and max-elements constraints apply to
    server created leafs?
  - Do unique statement constraints apply to server-created leafs?
  - Are leafrefs allowed to contain values that exist only
    within a server-created leaf or leaf-list?
  - Are instance-identifiers (where require-instance=true) allowed
    to reference server-created leafs?
  - Do server-created leafs count as being a sibling node when deciding if
    a mandatory leaf is missing?
  - How does a client know which case is selected (if any)
    in an optional or mandatory choice, if only server-created
    nodes exist?
  - Does the nc:operation='create' fail if the client issues
    such an edit-config operation on a server-created leaf?
  - Does the nc:operation='delete' succeed if the client issues
    such an edit-config operation on a server-created leaf?
  - Does an XPath expression (must/when/select) encounter a
    missing-node or some value, if a server-created leaf is
    referenced?
  - Does a subtree filter with a select-node or a content-match
    node for a server-created leaf return any data, or not?

Leaving all these questions unanswered does not meet the
level of interoperability expectations I had for YANG.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Cc: "netmod@ietf.org" <netmod@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Hi,

----- Original Message -----
From: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
Date: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 10:52 am
Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
To: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
Cc: "netmod@ietf.org" <netmod@ietf.org>


> Phil Shafer wrote:
>  > Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>  >> The width-defaults ID assumes that all parameters ultimately are part
>  >> of the config and that only some of them happen to be magically
>  >> hidden.  I am not convinced this is the right model; I am a big 
> fan of
>  >> the explicit config model where stuff not explicitely configured is
>  >> simply not part of the config datastore. In other words, the
>  >> operationally used values that are not configured live somewhere else
>  >> but not as part of the config. In the config file example shown above,
>  >> comment characters are used to indicate exactly that.
>  > 
>  > Amen.  One can look at this as two distinct problems:
>  > 
>  > (a) Before I make a list item, what can I say about the
>  >     leafs that I am not creating?
>  >     ex: If I make an interface, but don't set the duplex,
>  >     will it default to full, half, or auto?
>  > 
>  > (b) After I create the list item, what can I learn
>  >     about the leafs of the real instance of this item?
>  >     ex: Now that I've made an interface, what is the
>  >     duplex at this point in time?
>  > 
>  > There are questions about giving feedback to the user of my application
>  > before they create the interface, but there are questions about the
>  > state of the interface that was defined in the configuration data.
>  > The interaction isn't as easy as the with-defaults ID makes it
>  > sound.
>  > 
>  > With-defaults doesn't address (a) or (b).  I can't do a with-defaults
>  > on a non-existant instance, so the source for (a) has to be the
>  > YANG module.  And doing a with-defaults report-all for (b) will
>  > tell me the YANG default of "auto", not the current value of "full".
>  > "auto" may be interesting to know, but given that I had to write
>  > the code to find it for (a), finding it for (b) is trivial.
>  
>  You could design a duplex-admin leaf and
>  a duplex-operational leaf if you cared so much
>  about this little corner case.
>  
>  For every other type of leaf, (B) works fine.
>  (A) is the same result you get now, without with-defaults.
>  
>  The advantage of with-defaults=report-all is that it
>  clearly shows the actual values in use
>  on a specific agent at a specific time.
>  That can be really useful in debugging.
>  
>  Before making changes to the config, it is
>  often useful to know the current contents of the config.
>  After making changes to the config, it is
>  often useful to know exactly what happened.
>  
>  I agree with Juergen that the best way to really
>  make progress is to have interoperability test events,
>  and see if most implementations do things a certain
>  way, and only 1 or 2 implementations are off in the weeds,
>  wrt/ defaults.
>  
>    leaf foo {
>      type string;
>    }
>  
>  I am concerned that there will be many leafs of the type
>  above.  Telling customers to just look up the CLI documentation
>  for all the server-provided leafs is fine, if you hate your customers.
>  
>  Using with-defaults=report-all is a million times less work
>  for them.  There is also no substitute for a direct answer to
>  a direct question, at the time the information is needed.
>  

Is the kinda server-supplied data returned when with-defaults=report-all or
explicit or trim? How does :with-defaults see server-supplied data? defaults
or config?

washam

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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of config really was meaning of default
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Hi,

----- Original Message -----
From: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
Date: Wednesday, August 26, 2009 5:11 am
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of config really was meaning of default
To: Martin Bjorklund <mbj@tail-f.com>
Cc: cfinss@dial.pipex.com, Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com, netmod@ietf.org


> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>  > "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
>  >> To quote a much-quoted phrase,
>  >> "configuration data: The set of writable data that is required to
>  >> transform a system from its initial default state into its current
>  >> state "
>  >>
>  >> 'writable' tells me capable of being written to, even if noone in
>  >> the world ever actually writes it.
>  > 
>  > "its current state" tells me that this "set of writable data" changes
>  > depending on the device's current state.  So what the term
>  > "configuration data" means depends on the current state of the box
>  > (which presumably depends on how it is configured...)
>  > 
>  > I am not sure what exactly you want to read into the quote above.
>  > 
>  >> I see server-generated values, which are writable, as
>  >> part of configuration
>  > 
>  > So do I.  If we had a statement 'assigned-by system', the server would
>  > actually add the value to the config.  As such, it would always be
>  > reported.
>  > 
>  
>  this is much more than an existentialist discussion on server
>  created leafs.  It has an impact on the protocol as I (and others) have
>  pointed out:
>  
>    - Do must statements apply to server-created leafs?
>    - Do min-elements and max-elements constraints apply to
>      server created leafs?
>    - Do unique statement constraints apply to server-created leafs?
>    - Are leafrefs allowed to contain values that exist only
>      within a server-created leaf or leaf-list?
>    - Are instance-identifiers (where require-instance=true) allowed
>      to reference server-created leafs?
>    - Do server-created leafs count as being a sibling node when 
> deciding if
>      a mandatory leaf is missing?
>    - How does a client know which case is selected (if any)
>      in an optional or mandatory choice, if only server-created
>      nodes exist?
>    - Does the nc:operation='create' fail if the client issues
>      such an edit-config operation on a server-created leaf?
>    - Does the nc:operation='delete' succeed if the client issues
>      such an edit-config operation on a server-created leaf?
>    - Does an XPath expression (must/when/select) encounter a
>      missing-node or some value, if a server-created leaf is
>      referenced?
>    - Does a subtree filter with a select-node or a content-match
>      node for a server-created leaf return any data, or not?
>  
>  Leaving all these questions unanswered does not meet the
>  level of interoperability expectations I had for YANG.

Why these questions are relevant to server-supplied nodes? These
questions are relevant to instances existing in data tree, imo, and the
rough consensus seems server-supplied nodes are in data tree.

washam

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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
> Date: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 10:52 am
> Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
> To: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
> Cc: "netmod@ietf.org" <netmod@ietf.org>
> 
> 
>> Phil Shafer wrote:
>>  > Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>>  >> The width-defaults ID assumes that all parameters ultimately are part
>>  >> of the config and that only some of them happen to be magically
>>  >> hidden.  I am not convinced this is the right model; I am a big 
>> fan of
>>  >> the explicit config model where stuff not explicitely configured is
>>  >> simply not part of the config datastore. In other words, the
>>  >> operationally used values that are not configured live somewhere else
>>  >> but not as part of the config. In the config file example shown above,
>>  >> comment characters are used to indicate exactly that.
>>  > 
>>  > Amen.  One can look at this as two distinct problems:
>>  > 
>>  > (a) Before I make a list item, what can I say about the
>>  >     leafs that I am not creating?
>>  >     ex: If I make an interface, but don't set the duplex,
>>  >     will it default to full, half, or auto?
>>  > 
>>  > (b) After I create the list item, what can I learn
>>  >     about the leafs of the real instance of this item?
>>  >     ex: Now that I've made an interface, what is the
>>  >     duplex at this point in time?
>>  > 
>>  > There are questions about giving feedback to the user of my application
>>  > before they create the interface, but there are questions about the
>>  > state of the interface that was defined in the configuration data.
>>  > The interaction isn't as easy as the with-defaults ID makes it
>>  > sound.
>>  > 
>>  > With-defaults doesn't address (a) or (b).  I can't do a with-defaults
>>  > on a non-existant instance, so the source for (a) has to be the
>>  > YANG module.  And doing a with-defaults report-all for (b) will
>>  > tell me the YANG default of "auto", not the current value of "full".
>>  > "auto" may be interesting to know, but given that I had to write
>>  > the code to find it for (a), finding it for (b) is trivial.
>>  
>>  You could design a duplex-admin leaf and
>>  a duplex-operational leaf if you cared so much
>>  about this little corner case.
>>  
>>  For every other type of leaf, (B) works fine.
>>  (A) is the same result you get now, without with-defaults.
>>  
>>  The advantage of with-defaults=report-all is that it
>>  clearly shows the actual values in use
>>  on a specific agent at a specific time.
>>  That can be really useful in debugging.
>>  
>>  Before making changes to the config, it is
>>  often useful to know the current contents of the config.
>>  After making changes to the config, it is
>>  often useful to know exactly what happened.
>>  
>>  I agree with Juergen that the best way to really
>>  make progress is to have interoperability test events,
>>  and see if most implementations do things a certain
>>  way, and only 1 or 2 implementations are off in the weeds,
>>  wrt/ defaults.
>>  
>>    leaf foo {
>>      type string;
>>    }
>>  
>>  I am concerned that there will be many leafs of the type
>>  above.  Telling customers to just look up the CLI documentation
>>  for all the server-provided leafs is fine, if you hate your customers.
>>  
>>  Using with-defaults=report-all is a million times less work
>>  for them.  There is also no substitute for a direct answer to
>>  a direct question, at the time the information is needed.
>>  
> 
> Is the kinda server-supplied data returned when with-defaults=report-all or
> explicit or trim? How does :with-defaults see server-supplied data? defaults
> or config?
> 

The report-all enum is the only mandatory-to-implement option.
This option returns everything the server contains, and does not filter
out any nodes based on any definition of the term 'default'.

The definition of the term 'all' in 'report-all' is consistent with
the Merriam Webster definition of that word:

  http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/all


> washam
> 

Andy


From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Tue Aug 25 23:36:37 2009
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On Tue, Aug 25, 2009 at 04:50:57AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> The advantage of with-defaults=report-all is that it
> clearly shows the actual values in use
> on a specific agent at a specific time.
> That can be really useful in debugging.

We are in agreement that the retrieval of the actual values in use is
important. But "actual values in use" means operational state not
necessarily config state. In fact, we will have both situations, and
we need to support both.

The first example concerns values that are operationally used like an
interface MTU or the detected speed of an interface. In most cases,
these parameters are not configuration data and we would IMHO make a
mistake if we claim they are config data. On the other hand, we will
have config objects where a manager creates say a list entry and
additional config values will be assigned by the server. A good
example here is creation of a user account where you let the server
pick an unused uid if you do not provide one while setting up the list
entry. But once the uid has been assigned by the server, it pretty
much becomes config data (and so it show up when I do a get-config,
regardless of any with-defaults options).

How we model the distinction with YANG statements needs to be worked
out. But in my preferred approach, I pretty much need a way to
retrieve operational state that I can easily map to config state and
it seems with-defaults is not really getting me there.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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On Tue, Aug 25, 2009 at 06:49:15PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
> >This is not true if the server supports :candidate
> >and :with-defaults capabilities.  Then the client
> >can lock the candidate, create any portion of the config,
> >and retrieve it with-defaults=report-all.
> 
> Translate that use case into real-world activity.  If my application
> wants to display the default value for <mtu> to some GUI user while
> he's building an ethernet interface, I need to:
> 
> - lock the database
> - fake an entry
> - re-fetch w/defaults
> - discard changes
> - unlock

Nice to see that you prefer to write an explicit discard-changes in
example code instead of relying on the unlock side effect. :-)

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> How we model the distinction with YANG statements needs to be worked
> out.

Do you believe we need to work this out for YANG 1.0?

Will the introduction of 'assigned-by server' solve the issues people
are seeing?


/martin

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On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 08:43:45AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> > How we model the distinction with YANG statements needs to be worked
> > out.
> 
> Do you believe we need to work this out for YANG 1.0?

Given the intensive discussion here, I think we better work this out
now.
 
> Will the introduction of 'assigned-by server' solve the issues people
> are seeing?

The addition of 'assigned-by server' helps to make an important
distinction in the YANG data model and I am in favour of this
approach; I actually believe that marking config nodes the server can
be expected to fill in is much more important that the default
statement itself, which only handles static values and for many use
cases you have to ue the description statement anyway.

I am more concerned about the bigger picture:

* This includes the with-defaults document - I would prefer we can
  settle on the 'explicit' model plus automatically 'assigned-by
  server' leafs - but then I personally would not even need the
  with-defaults extension at all since a get-config always gives me
  the entire config anyway.

* The question how I can effectively retrieve operationally used state
  and relate it _easily_ to config state and how we deal with
  differences in value sets between config state and operational state
  requires some thought. So far, in both the NETMOD/NETCONF WGs, we
  have pretty much ignored this point and perhaps this has been OK so
  far but we are reaching a point where we need to spend some cycles
  on this.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 08:43:45AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>> Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
>>> How we model the distinction with YANG statements needs to be worked
>>> out.
>> Do you believe we need to work this out for YANG 1.0?
> 
> Given the intensive discussion here, I think we better work this out
> now.
>  
>> Will the introduction of 'assigned-by server' solve the issues people
>> are seeing?
> 
> The addition of 'assigned-by server' helps to make an important
> distinction in the YANG data model and I am in favour of this
> approach; I actually believe that marking config nodes the server can
> be expected to fill in is much more important that the default
> statement itself, which only handles static values and for many use
> cases you have to ue the description statement anyway.
> 
> I am more concerned about the bigger picture:
> 
> * This includes the with-defaults document - I would prefer we can
>   settle on the 'explicit' model plus automatically 'assigned-by
>   server' leafs - but then I personally would not even need the
>   with-defaults extension at all since a get-config always gives me
>   the entire config anyway.
> 
> * The question how I can effectively retrieve operationally used state
>   and relate it _easily_ to config state and how we deal with
>   differences in value sets between config state and operational state
>   requires some thought. So far, in both the NETMOD/NETCONF WGs, we
>   have pretty much ignored this point and perhaps this has been OK so
>   far but we are reaching a point where we need to spend some cycles
>   on this.
> 


I am concerned about consistent answers to the 11 questions
I posted yesterday.  It seems to me how a particular leaf
got its value is a red herring and totally irrelevant.
All that matters is whether server-supplied values
count as an instance of a leaf (or leaf-list) or not.

It is irrelevant whether we call it config, operational node,
or something in between, if some servers behave as if there is no
leaf present at all, and others behave as if there is a leaf present.

These 'phantom' leafs may count towards a max-elements error (or not).
They may cause a unique-error (or not).  11 different error conditions
that may or may not be reported -- all supposedly from compliant servers.

IMO, the complete lack of any predictable server behavior for these 11
conditions is a problem for interoperability.


> /js
> 

Andy




From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Wed Aug 26 02:35:28 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 10:40:34AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> I am concerned about consistent answers to the 11 questions
> I posted yesterday.  It seems to me how a particular leaf
> got its value is a red herring and totally irrelevant.

I do not think I said this.

> All that matters is whether server-supplied values
> count as an instance of a leaf (or leaf-list) or not.

There are two cases to distinguish, namely the case of a box using a
certain value without the value being part of the explicit
configuration and a server generating explicit configuration as a side
effect of creating say a list instance. Once we area clear about this
distinction, I think everything falls out naturally.

> It is irrelevant whether we call it config, operational node,
> or something in between, if some servers behave as if there is no
> leaf present at all, and others behave as if there is a leaf present.

As I said, my preference is to adopt the explicit model and adding
something to YANG to make the behaviour one can expect an explicit
data model design decision.

> These 'phantom' leafs may count towards a max-elements error (or not).
> They may cause a unique-error (or not).  11 different error conditions
> that may or may not be reported -- all supposedly from compliant servers.

There are no phantom leafs in my preferred approach.

> IMO, the complete lack of any predictable server behavior for these 11
> conditions is a problem for interoperability.

I agree that we should agree on a common way to looking at
configuration and my preference is the explicit approach with server
generated config nodes marked explicitely in the data model (and
perhaps even an explicit description that details how the server is
generating config leafs).

Sure, we will then have WGs discussing when to use this in data models
but this is IMHO better than leaving it to the implementor's choice
since interoperability is our goal.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 26 03:05:45 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> I agree that we should agree on a common way to looking at
> configuration and my preference is the explicit approach with server
> generated config nodes marked explicitely in the data model (and
> perhaps even an explicit description that details how the server is
> generating config leafs).
> 
> Sure, we will then have WGs discussing when to use this in data models
> but this is IMHO better than leaving it to the implementor's choice
> since interoperability is our goal.

Interoperability is our goal, but another goal is to get good data
models.

If I understand this correctly, you envision something like:

  leaf foo {
    type int32;
    server-assigned "some text";
  }

And then also mandate the explicit mode for defaults.

My concern with this is that people in the explicit camp will do:

  leaf foo {
    type int32;
    default 42;
  }

and people in the report-all camp will do:

  leaf foo {
    type int32;
    server-assigned "MUST set to: 42";
  }


/martin

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On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 11:57:15AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
 
> My concern with this is that people in the explicit camp will do:
> 
>   leaf foo {
>     type int32;
>     default 42;
>   }
> 
> and people in the report-all camp will do:
> 
>   leaf foo {
>     type int32;
>     server-assigned "MUST set to: 42";
>   }

So what are you concerned about - that one uses server-assigned while
the other does not? I agree that this is a design decision that then
needs to be taken for each object.

Or that one does have a default statement and the other does have text
in a textual clause? I am even willing to even give up on default,
especially as when it is used to define default values that are used
operationally but are not part of config (your first example above).

I am not sure what the right syntax of server-assigned or assigned-by
would be - the statement ideally reflects that server assignment only
happens if there is no explicit value configured. So this would be
more like if-server-assigned...

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 11:57:15AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>  
> > My concern with this is that people in the explicit camp will do:
> > 
> >   leaf foo {
> >     type int32;
> >     default 42;
> >   }
> > 
> > and people in the report-all camp will do:
> > 
> >   leaf foo {
> >     type int32;
> >     server-assigned "MUST set to: 42";
> >   }
> 
> So what are you concerned about - that one uses server-assigned while
> the other does not?

Yes.  People will ask what the difference is between these two ways of
doing seemingly the same thing.  From a data modelling perspective,
there is no difference, so the data modeller will use one of them,
depending on if he likes the explicit or report-all mode for defaults.
This data model design decision has impacts on the protocol level.

> I am even willing to even give up on default,
> especially as when it is used to define default values that are used
> operationally but are not part of config (your first example above).

This seems to be completely the opposite to what you wrote in 
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03594.html?

I do not want to remove default.

> I am not sure what the right syntax of server-assigned or assigned-by
> would be - the statement ideally reflects that server assignment only
> happens if there is no explicit value configured. So this would be
> more like if-server-assigned...

I think server-assigned or assigned-by system is correct - it means
that the server will assign a value, and then of course the user can
modify it.


/martin

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Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 01:07:02PM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> > > On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 11:57:15AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > >  
> > > > My concern with this is that people in the explicit camp will do:
> > > > 
> > > >   leaf foo {
> > > >     type int32;
> > > >     default 42;
> > > >   }
> > > > 
> > > > and people in the report-all camp will do:
> > > > 
> > > >   leaf foo {
> > > >     type int32;
> > > >     server-assigned "MUST set to: 42";
> > > >   }
> > > 
> > > So what are you concerned about - that one uses server-assigned while
> > > the other does not?
> > 
> > Yes.  People will ask what the difference is between these two ways of
> > doing seemingly the same thing.  From a data modelling perspective,
> > there is no difference, so the data modeller will use one of them,
> > depending on if he likes the explicit or report-all mode for defaults.
> > This data model design decision has impacts on the protocol level.
> 
> I do not see the impact on the protocol level. I also think the two
> snippets do different things if I assume 'explicit'.

And that is the problem - on some level they do different things, but
for the guy with the domain knowledge writing his YANG module, the
difference is subtle.

Another way of looking at it is that when I write data models, I will
always use the former style b/c I like the explicit mode, but my
friend Balazs who likes report-all, will always use the latter style.
Our models might look exactly the same in all other regards, but this.

> > > I am even willing to even give up on default,
> > > especially as when it is used to define default values that are used
> > > operationally but are not part of config (your first example above).
> > 
> > This seems to be completely the opposite to what you wrote in 
> > http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03594.html?
> > 
> > I do not want to remove default.
> 
> I am all in favour of being able to learn what is actually used like I
> type ifconfig if I have debug something. But still, my interface
> config does not include all the stuff ifconfig shows - and for a good
> reason. I trust implementors to choose sensible defaults.
> 
> Assuming the explicit config model, the default statement in 
> 
>    leaf foo {
>      type int32;
>      default 42;
>    }
> 
> tells me that if there is no config, 42 can be assumed for foo. And it
> only covers the case where there is a fixed stable agreeable value,
> which might be pretty rare. So I can give up on this YANG feature
> since what I want really goes beyond that - I like to retrieve what
> the box uses if I do not specify a value also in cases where there is
> no fixed stable agreeable value or where the value is actually a
> function of some other config/state of the device. I think we do not
> have a good plan how to do this yet.

I mentioned a couple of cases in 
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03461.html

But just b/c there are more cases, I do not want to give up the static
default value we currently have.  I do think it will be used.

If we look at our favorite ipfix module, they have 13 static defaults,
4 server-assigned (and maybe 2 could be characterized as "dynamic
defaults").

> > > I am not sure what the right syntax of server-assigned or assigned-by
> > > would be - the statement ideally reflects that server assignment only
> > > happens if there is no explicit value configured. So this would be
> > > more like if-server-assigned...
> > 
> > I think server-assigned or assigned-by system is correct - it means
> > that the server will assign a value, and then of course the user can
> > modify it.
> 
> But I can create a user by sending down a uid to the server when I
> create the user, no?

Yes.  Remember that save / load backups must work.


/martin

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Wed Aug 26 06:19:27 2009
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I think that there are two issues mixed together here.

Firstly, there is the question of how one should compose a data model. 
What kinds of things should the operational (non-config) data in a 
netmod data model reflect.  What kinds of knobs show such a model have, 
and how should they be organize, typed, etc.  When should a model use 
groupings..  ad almost infinitum.
This is a topic on which the YANG document ought not speak, in my 
opinion.   In fact, it is probably a topic on which we do not have 
enough information to speak authoritatively.

One aspect of modeling is that one can use an operational field to 
represent "the actual value of X, as determined by the system".  This is 
particularly useful when the actual value used may be different from the 
configured value, but one would want to retain the configured value. 
There almost certainly are other cases where this is useful.
You raise the issue of representing the semantic relationship between 
the operational information item and the configuration information item.
At this time, I don't think we should try to do that.
Firstly, it can clearly be represented in the descriptive text.
Secondly, it is not clear what relationships (because there can be a 
range of these) it is useful to represent programmatically.  The 
difficulty lies in knowing what a client (a managing application) will 
want to do based on this association.

Yours,
Joel

Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Tue, Aug 25, 2009 at 04:50:57AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> The advantage of with-defaults=report-all is that it
>> clearly shows the actual values in use
>> on a specific agent at a specific time.
>> That can be really useful in debugging.
> 
> We are in agreement that the retrieval of the actual values in use is
> important. But "actual values in use" means operational state not
> necessarily config state. In fact, we will have both situations, and
> we need to support both.
> 
> The first example concerns values that are operationally used like an
> interface MTU or the detected speed of an interface. In most cases,
> these parameters are not configuration data and we would IMHO make a
> mistake if we claim they are config data. On the other hand, we will
> have config objects where a manager creates say a list entry and
> additional config values will be assigned by the server. A good
> example here is creation of a user account where you let the server
> pick an unused uid if you do not provide one while setting up the list
> entry. But once the uid has been assigned by the server, it pretty
> much becomes config data (and so it show up when I do a get-config,
> regardless of any with-defaults options).
> 
> How we model the distinction with YANG statements needs to be worked
> out. But in my preferred approach, I pretty much need a way to
> retrieve operational state that I can easily map to config state and
> it seems with-defaults is not really getting me there.
> 
> /js
> 

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Wed Aug 26 06:20:46 2009
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On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 01:07:02PM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> > On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 11:57:15AM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> >  
> > > My concern with this is that people in the explicit camp will do:
> > > 
> > >   leaf foo {
> > >     type int32;
> > >     default 42;
> > >   }
> > > 
> > > and people in the report-all camp will do:
> > > 
> > >   leaf foo {
> > >     type int32;
> > >     server-assigned "MUST set to: 42";
> > >   }
> > 
> > So what are you concerned about - that one uses server-assigned while
> > the other does not?
> 
> Yes.  People will ask what the difference is between these two ways of
> doing seemingly the same thing.  From a data modelling perspective,
> there is no difference, so the data modeller will use one of them,
> depending on if he likes the explicit or report-all mode for defaults.
> This data model design decision has impacts on the protocol level.

I do not see the impact on the protocol level. I also think the two
snippets do different things if I assume 'explicit'. The first tells
me, you can assume the value 42 is used if there is no explicit
config. The second says if there is no explicit config, the server
will create a config leaf with the value set to 42.

I do not see the impact on the protocol level. The protocol in both
cases does what the data modeler wanted (assuming he knows what he is
doing).

> > I am even willing to even give up on default,
> > especially as when it is used to define default values that are used
> > operationally but are not part of config (your first example above).
> 
> This seems to be completely the opposite to what you wrote in 
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03594.html?
> 
> I do not want to remove default.

I am all in favour of being able to learn what is actually used like I
type ifconfig if I have debug something. But still, my interface
config does not include all the stuff ifconfig shows - and for a good
reason. I trust implementors to choose sensible defaults.

Assuming the explicit config model, the default statement in 

   leaf foo {
     type int32;
     default 42;
   }

tells me that if there is no config, 42 can be assumed for foo. And it
only covers the case where there is a fixed stable agreeable value,
which might be pretty rare. So I can give up on this YANG feature
since what I want really goes beyond that - I like to retrieve what
the box uses if I do not specify a value also in cases where there is
no fixed stable agreeable value or where the value is actually a
function of some other config/state of the device. I think we do not
have a good plan how to do this yet.

> > I am not sure what the right syntax of server-assigned or assigned-by
> > would be - the statement ideally reflects that server assignment only
> > happens if there is no explicit value configured. So this would be
> > more like if-server-assigned...
> 
> I think server-assigned or assigned-by system is correct - it means
> that the server will assign a value, and then of course the user can
> modify it.

But I can create a user by sending down a uid to the server when I
create the user, no? Or is the idea that this keyword would render a
write during creating a failure since only the server can assign or
create this leaf?

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 02:48:54PM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
 
> Another way of looking at it is that when I write data models, I will
> always use the former style b/c I like the explicit mode, but my
> friend Balazs who likes report-all, will always use the latter style.
> Our models might look exactly the same in all other regards, but this.

This is the point. We either settle on one model and stick to it or we
will have to accept diversity. I am in favour of at least trying to
settle on one model. If we manage to agree on what is config and what
not, we will be able to solve the other questions more easily. If we
fail to settle on one approach, we will keep arguing about default
statements and end up with carefully crafted wordings that allow
different interpretations that will cause long term pain.

> I do not want to remove default.

Fine. I am fine keeping default. What I was trying to get across is
that finding agreement on the config model is for me far more worth
than keeping default.

> > > I think server-assigned or assigned-by system is correct - it means
> > > that the server will assign a value, and then of course the user can
> > > modify it.
> > 
> > But I can create a user by sending down a uid to the server when I
> > create the user, no?
> 
> Yes.  Remember that save / load backups must work.

But then server-assigned or assigned-by system is not telling the
truth since I can assign by client as well... No, I do not have a good
proposal (yet).

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

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Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 02:48:54PM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>  
> > Another way of looking at it is that when I write data models, I will
> > always use the former style b/c I like the explicit mode, but my
> > friend Balazs who likes report-all, will always use the latter style.
> > Our models might look exactly the same in all other regards, but this.
> 
> This is the point. We either settle on one model and stick to it or we
> will have to accept diversity. I am in favour of at least trying to
> settle on one model.

If you're talking about if default values are part of the config or
not -- we've been there before.  I don't think we can force one model
onto devices.  If we pick one way, all other devices will look at this
and say they can't implement it.


/martin

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To: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Hi,

>  But then server-assigned or assigned-by system is not telling the
>  truth since I can assign by client as well... No, I do not have a good
>  proposal (yet).

If I understand correctly, mandatory=true nodes MUST be created by
clients except top-level ones. server-assigned nodes could be created
by servers, of cource, clients can always create and modify all config
nodes. defaults nodes have never been created either by clients or servers,
but have values which could be used internally by servers.

washam

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 08:00:11 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 10:40:34AM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> I am concerned about consistent answers to the 11 questions
>> I posted yesterday.  It seems to me how a particular leaf
>> got its value is a red herring and totally irrelevant.
> 
> I do not think I said this.
> 
>> All that matters is whether server-supplied values
>> count as an instance of a leaf (or leaf-list) or not.
> 
> There are two cases to distinguish, namely the case of a box using a
> certain value without the value being part of the explicit
> configuration and a server generating explicit configuration as a side
> effect of creating say a list instance. Once we area clear about this
> distinction, I think everything falls out naturally.
> 

I disagree.
I don't care if some other operator who worked
here a year ago set some parameter explicitly,
or if the device picked the value on its own.

All that matters is the configuration parameter behavior
in affect when I'm trying to debug a network outage.

Anything I *can* set is configuration,
not anything I've *already* set.
IMO this is a big difference and the source of
the problem with the standard.

Making this an arbitrary choice within the YANG architecture
is really hurting the simplicity and standards value of YANG.




>> It is irrelevant whether we call it config, operational node,
>> or something in between, if some servers behave as if there is no
>> leaf present at all, and others behave as if there is a leaf present.
> 
> As I said, my preference is to adopt the explicit model and adding
> something to YANG to make the behaviour one can expect an explicit
> data model design decision.
> 
>> These 'phantom' leafs may count towards a max-elements error (or not).
>> They may cause a unique-error (or not).  11 different error conditions
>> that may or may not be reported -- all supposedly from compliant servers.
> 
> There are no phantom leafs in my preferred approach.
> 
>> IMO, the complete lack of any predictable server behavior for these 11
>> conditions is a problem for interoperability.
> 
> I agree that we should agree on a common way to looking at
> configuration and my preference is the explicit approach with server
> generated config nodes marked explicitely in the data model (and
> perhaps even an explicit description that details how the server is
> generating config leafs).
> 
> Sure, we will then have WGs discussing when to use this in data models
> but this is IMHO better than leaving it to the implementor's choice
> since interoperability is our goal.
> 
> /js
> 

Andy

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Subject: [netmod] server supplied leafs and protocol operations
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Hi,

Juergen said these server-supplied leafs, which the
server is allowed to choose if they exist or not,
have no affect on the protocol.  IMO they have a
negative impact on the protocol, if the client is
unaware of these phantom leafs.

  list A {
    key x;
    unique y;

    leaf x { type string; }
    leaf y { type int32; }
  }

If either the client or the server creates /A,
it will be visible because /A/x is a key and must
be present.

But the server may create as many instances as it wants
of /A/y and /A/z.  Not every list entry need have the
same server-created leafs or values.  If these server-created
leafs are hidden from the client, then what happens?

Start with 2 list entries:

  <A>
    <x>first</a>
    //  hidden server value <y>19</x>
  </A>
  <A>
    <x>second</a>
    //  hidden server value <y>21</x>
  </A>



What happens if the client decides to merge in a value for /A/y?

  <edit-config>
    ...
    <config>
       <A>
         <x>first</x>
         <y>21</y>
       </A>
    </config>
  </edit-config>


Q) Do we agree that the server MUST send a data-not-unique error
   because y=21 in the 2nd list entry, so y=21 in the first entry
   is rejected?

 * If no, then hiding server-created /A/y has a definite impact on
   the protocol.  Is the server forced to change the y=21 in
   the 2nd list entry to another value, or does the unique-stmt
   violation get ignored?

 * If yes, then it proves these phantom leafs really do exist, and hiding
   them only makes it harder for a client to use NETCONF/YANG.



Andy


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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
>> On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 02:48:54PM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>  
>>> Another way of looking at it is that when I write data models, I will
>>> always use the former style b/c I like the explicit mode, but my
>>> friend Balazs who likes report-all, will always use the latter style.
>>> Our models might look exactly the same in all other regards, but this.
>> This is the point. We either settle on one model and stick to it or we
>> will have to accept diversity. I am in favour of at least trying to
>> settle on one model.
> 
> If you're talking about if default values are part of the config or
> not -- we've been there before.  I don't think we can force one model
> onto devices.  If we pick one way, all other devices will look at this
> and say they can't implement it.
> 


I think the problem is with-defaults basic behavior = explicit.
All other variables really don't matter.  basic=trim is fine because
the YANG default-stmt serves as a marker to the client that the leaf
instance is really there.

I'm not even sure everyone agrees that all the YANG validation
rules still apply to invisible leafs if the server uses
with-defaults basic=explicit behavior.

IMO, the concept that a leaf instance only exists if the
client provides it is totally broken wrt/ YANG database validation
concepts and mechanisms.

The YANG validation rules need to apply to the entire configuration
database.  If we cannot agree on what 'entire' means, I don't think we have
a workable standard.

If the client cannot retrieve the entire configuration
(except leafs set to the YANG default), then the client
cannot use edit-config, validate, or commit effectively.
The term 'flying blind' best describes this mode of database editing.


> 
> /martin
> 


Andy


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To: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
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Date: Wed, 26 Aug 2009 12:43:36 -0400
From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Andy Bierman writes:
>All other variables really don't matter.  basic=trim is fine because
>the YANG default-stmt serves as a marker to the client that the leaf
>instance is really there.

But with a default statement, the leaf instance is not really there.

>I'm not even sure everyone agrees that all the YANG validation
>rules still apply to invisible leafs if the server uses
>with-defaults basic=explicit behavior.

The YANG spec is pretty clear on this point.  Constraints that
refer to nodes will use their default value if the leaf does not
exist.

>IMO, the concept that a leaf instance only exists if the
>client provides it is totally broken wrt/ YANG database validation
>concepts and mechanisms.

I strongly disagree.

>The YANG validation rules need to apply to the entire configuration
>database.  If we cannot agree on what 'entire' means, I don't think we have
>a workable standard.

"entire" isn't the problem.  The issue you are having is that
you want default values to be populated in the configuration
database as real leaf instances.  I strongly oppose this.

>If the client cannot retrieve the entire configuration
>(except leafs set to the YANG default), then the client
>cannot use edit-config, validate, or commit effectively.

As mentioned many times, the client can use the YANG modules
to learn default values.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 10:08:52 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> All other variables really don't matter.  basic=trim is fine because
>> the YANG default-stmt serves as a marker to the client that the leaf
>> instance is really there.
> 
> But with a default statement, the leaf instance is not really there.
> 
>> I'm not even sure everyone agrees that all the YANG validation
>> rules still apply to invisible leafs if the server uses
>> with-defaults basic=explicit behavior.
> 
> The YANG spec is pretty clear on this point.  Constraints that
> refer to nodes will use their default value if the leaf does not
> exist.
> 
>> IMO, the concept that a leaf instance only exists if the
>> client provides it is totally broken wrt/ YANG database validation
>> concepts and mechanisms.
> 
> I strongly disagree.
> 
>> The YANG validation rules need to apply to the entire configuration
>> database.  If we cannot agree on what 'entire' means, I don't think we have
>> a workable standard.
> 
> "entire" isn't the problem.  The issue you are having is that
> you want default values to be populated in the configuration
> database as real leaf instances.  I strongly oppose this.
> 
>> If the client cannot retrieve the entire configuration
>> (except leafs set to the YANG default), then the client
>> cannot use edit-config, validate, or commit effectively.
> 
> As mentioned many times, the client can use the YANG modules
> to learn default values.
> 

basic=explicit has nothing to do with the YANG default-stmt.
That's the problem.  You are describing basic=trim, and I said in the
first sentence there is no problem there at all.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 10:11:30 2009
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To: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
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Date: Wed, 26 Aug 2009 12:52:38 -0400
From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] server supplied leafs and protocol operations
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Andy Bierman writes:
>Juergen said these server-supplied leafs, which the
>server is allowed to choose if they exist or not,
>have no affect on the protocol.  IMO they have a
>negative impact on the protocol, if the client is
>unaware of these phantom leafs.

I think you have a misunderstanding about "assigned-by system"
leafs.  When a parent hierarchy is created without the leaf, the
system assigns a value to that leaf.  At that point, the leaf becomes
part of the configuration database.  Such a leaf is not "hidden
from the client".  The value is fetch with normal NETCONF operations.

Only the creation of the leaf has any amount of mystery to it.
Other than that, it is normal configuration data.   Most importantly,
if the client includes a value for the leaf in an operation that
creates the parent hierarchy, the system does not assign its own
value, but honors the one given by the client.  If the client assigns
a value for the leaf in an operation that affects an existing
instance of the parent hierarchy, the server will use the new value
given, replacing the previous value, whether it was assigned by the
system or a previous client.

In other words, it behaves exactly like other configuration data.

>What happens if the client decides to merge in a value for /A/y?

This would be an error, since it violates the uniqueness constraint.

> * If yes, then it proves these phantom leafs really do exist, and hiding
>   them only makes it harder for a client to use NETCONF/YANG.

There are no phantom leafs and no one is hiding them.  There's
nothing in Area 51 either.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 10:13:55 2009
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To: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>But then server-assigned or assigned-by system is not telling the
>truth since I can assign by client as well... No, I do not have a good
>proposal (yet).

"assigned-by system" means that the value for this leaf _can_ be
assigned by the system, if one is not provided.  If one is provided,
the system will not assign one and the leaf will be treated like
normal configuration data.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 10:27:13 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>  - Do must statements apply to server-created leafs?

Yes.  leafs with the "assigned-by system" statement are
normal configuration data, so normal constraints apply.

>  - Do min-elements and max-elements constraints apply to
>    server created leafs?

Yes.  leafs with the "assigned-by system" statement are
normal configuration data, so normal constraints apply.

>  - Do unique statement constraints apply to server-created leafs?

Yes.  leafs with the "assigned-by system" statement are
normal configuration data, so normal constraints apply.

>  - Are leafrefs allowed to contain values that exist only
>    within a server-created leaf or leaf-list?

Yes.  leafs with the "assigned-by system" statement are
normal configuration data, so normal constraints apply.

I don't think we are talking about "a-by system" for
leaf-lists.

>  - Are instance-identifiers (where require-instance=true) allowed
>    to reference server-created leafs?

Yes.  leafs with the "assigned-by system" statement are
normal configuration data, so normal constraints apply.

>  - Do server-created leafs count as being a sibling node when deciding if
>    a mandatory leaf is missing?

I don't follow this question.

>  - How does a client know which case is selected (if any)
>    in an optional or mandatory choice, if only server-created
>    nodes exist?

Are you wanting "a-by system" nodes inside choices?  I
would think this would be disallowed.

>  - Does the nc:operation='create' fail if the client issues
>    such an edit-config operation on a server-created leaf?

Yes, since the leaf has a value.  Normal rules apply here.

>  - Does the nc:operation='delete' succeed if the client issues
>    such an edit-config operation on a server-created leaf?

Yes, the leaf will be deleted.  Normal rules apply here.

>  - Does an XPath expression (must/when/select) encounter a
>    missing-node or some value, if a server-created leaf is
>    referenced?

Yes.  leafs with the "assigned-by system" statement are
normal configuration data, so normal constraints apply.

>  - Does a subtree filter with a select-node or a content-match
>    node for a server-created leaf return any data, or not?

Yes.  leafs with the "assigned-by system" statement are normal
configuration data, so normal constraints apply.

IMHO the only real question for "assigned-by system" nodes is _when_
is the value assigned by the system?  Is it done at validation time
or at edit-config time?  In JUNOS, these are assigned at validation
time.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 10:30:56 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> Juergen said these server-supplied leafs, which the
>> server is allowed to choose if they exist or not,
>> have no affect on the protocol.  IMO they have a
>> negative impact on the protocol, if the client is
>> unaware of these phantom leafs.
> 
> I think you have a misunderstanding about "assigned-by system"
> leafs.  When a parent hierarchy is created without the leaf, the
> system assigns a value to that leaf.  At that point, the leaf becomes
> part of the configuration database.  Such a leaf is not "hidden
> from the client".  The value is fetch with normal NETCONF operations.
> 
> Only the creation of the leaf has any amount of mystery to it.
> Other than that, it is normal configuration data.   Most importantly,
> if the client includes a value for the leaf in an operation that
> creates the parent hierarchy, the system does not assign its own
> value, but honors the one given by the client.  If the client assigns
> a value for the leaf in an operation that affects an existing
> instance of the parent hierarchy, the server will use the new value
> given, replacing the previous value, whether it was assigned by the
> system or a previous client.
> 
> In other words, it behaves exactly like other configuration data.
> 
>> What happens if the client decides to merge in a value for /A/y?
> 
> This would be an error, since it violates the uniqueness constraint.
> 
>> * If yes, then it proves these phantom leafs really do exist, and hiding
>>   them only makes it harder for a client to use NETCONF/YANG.
> 
> There are no phantom leafs and no one is hiding them.  There's
> nothing in Area 51 either.
> 

I don't believe either.
There are pictures of a massive complex at Groom Lake, but we digress...

If what you say is true, then what exactly is basic=explicit behavior
for handling defaults?

The :with-defaults capability is optional-to-implement.
We can't make it mandatory without changing the protocol version,
or all existing 4741 implementations will be non-compliant.

Unless the server supports :with-defaults, and it refuses to ever show the
client any leaf that was set by the server (the definition
of basic=explicit), then these are effectively hidden leafs.
The client has to edit the database without knowing if any
conflicts are being created with these hidden leafs.

So you are saying that we don't have any server behavior (ever)
that would prevent a leaf set by the server to a value other
than the YANG default from being retrieved by the client?

If that is the case, then we don't need 'explicit' in the
with-defaults draft.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 10:32:24 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>basic=explicit has nothing to do with the YANG default-stmt.

Can you explain this sentence?  My understanding was that
"explicit" meant you were attempting to fetch the config
with a full set of default values.  How can this have
nothing to do with the YANG default statement?

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 10:46:06 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> basic=explicit has nothing to do with the YANG default-stmt.
> 
> Can you explain this sentence?  My understanding was that
> "explicit" meant you were attempting to fetch the config
> with a full set of default values.  How can this have
> nothing to do with the YANG default statement?
> 

basic=explicit means that the server considers any leaf
not explicitly provided by client to be a default.

basic=trim means the server considers any leaf set
to the schema default value to be a default,
even if the client explicitly set the leaf to the
schema-defined default value.

I consider this inconsistency to be an interoperability problem.

A default is a schema-assigned value when the element
is missing in a valid configuration.  The standard should
decide what a default is, not every server implementation.

There is no way to even discover what the server will do,
unless :with-defaults is supported, in which case report-all
is available, so there is no problem.

Even worse, there is no guarantee that the server will
use the same unspecified behavior across platforms,
across versions, or even across sub-agents within
the same implementation.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 11:03:31 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>Unless the server supports :with-defaults, and it refuses to ever show the
>client any leaf that was set by the server (the definition
>of basic=explicit), then these are effectively hidden leafs.

The definition of "basic=explicit" in the w-d draft needs repaired.

   o  Explicitly set default data: Data that is explicitly set by the
      NETCONF client to its default value.  Some servers MAY treat
      explicitly set default data as simple default data, as they may
      not be able to differentiate between them.

Your current definition is way too narrow, blocking SNMP, humans,
etc.  I suggest "Data that is explicitly set to its default value."

Leafs that are "a-by system" and are assigned values by the value
are normal configuration data.  They should always be included in
the data returned by get-config without regard for with-defaults.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 11:06:25 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:

There is no assigned-by system in YANG.
I don't think there is any consensus on the
details of this database property.

You are saying that of course all the leafs
count when validating a database -- we agree.

But the idea that an application will be
able to edit a NETCONF database without being
able to retrieve all the leafs that affect validation
is 'operationally-challenged'.

Forcing a human to look it up in YANG description and/or
vendor CLI documentation is not API-friendly, which is
a stated goal of the NETCONF protocol:

>From  4741-bis:

1.  Introduction

   The NETCONF protocol defines a simple mechanism through which a
   network device can be managed, configuration data information can be
   retrieved, and new configuration data can be uploaded and
   manipulated.  The protocol allows the device to expose a full, formal
   application programming interface (API).  Applications can use this
   straightforward API to send and receive full and partial
   configuration data sets.

> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 12:04:51 2009
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To: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
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Date: Wed, 26 Aug 2009 14:48:10 -0400
From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Answers to "assigned-by system" questions
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Andy Bierman writes:
>There is no assigned-by system in YANG.
>I don't think there is any consensus on the
>details of this database property.

I thought that was part of the purpose of this discussion.

>But the idea that an application will be
>able to edit a NETCONF database without being
>able to retrieve all the leafs that affect validation
>is 'operationally-challenged'.

I disagree.

>Forcing a human to look it up in YANG description and/or
>vendor CLI documentation is not API-friendly, which is
>a stated goal of the NETCONF protocol:

We make configuration data available via the API.  We do not mix
meta-data with data.  For example, we don't tell you which leafs
are mandatory, or have any of the constraints defined in YANG
(unique, key, etc).

I find it surprising that you want default values, which are less
interesting to the average client than mandatory or key, to be
intermixed with user-specific, vital and important configuration
data.

My code does't support exhibiting default values in the API at all.
No one has ever asked for them to be in the API.  I can' imagine
someone wanting to populate the configuration database with default
values.  Configuration files are too large and complex when they
contain the important parts.  Adding noise is, well, it's completely
outside my reality.

Trying to put this behaviour in NETCONF is IMHO a mistake.  If you
want to make "report-all" an optional feature that works this way,
we can leave it to the marketplace to decide the value.  But trying
to force the rest of the world to work this way is a non-starter.

Thanks,
 Phil

From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 26 12:31:07 2009
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Subject: [netmod] default terminology
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Hi,

I think some of the confusion in the recent discussions comes from
inconsistent terminolgy.

When we say 'server assigned', or 'assigned-by system', it refers to
data that is present in the config, just like normal, client created
data ('assigned-by user' if you will).  Since this data is part of the
data store, it is not hidden, it is not phantom nodes, and it is
reported in a normal get-config, regardless of the value of any
with-defaults parameters.

Then we have 'default data'.  I like to view this as the value that is
operationally used if the node is not present in the data store.  YANG
supports one kind of default data only - static defaults, i.e. a
static value, guaranteed to be the same in all implementations,
specified in the data model.  One can imagine dynamic default values,
and I think this is what Andy calls 'hidden' or 'phantom'.


/martin

From mbj@tail-f.com  Wed Aug 26 12:45:58 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> basic=explicit means that the server considers any leaf
> not explicitly provided by client to be a default.
> 
> basic=trim means the server considers any leaf set
> to the schema default value to be a default,
> even if the client explicitly set the leaf to the
> schema-defined default value.
> 
> I consider this inconsistency to be an interoperability problem.

What exactly is the inconsistency, and how is it an interoperability
problem?

> A default is a schema-assigned value when the element
> is missing in a valid configuration.
> The standard should
> decide what a default is, not every server implementation.
> 
> There is no way to even discover what the server will do,
> unless :with-defaults is supported, in which case report-all
> is available, so there is no problem.
> 
> Even worse, there is no guarantee that the server will
> use the same unspecified behavior across platforms,
> across versions, or even across sub-agents within
> the same implementation.

Look at this leaf from the ipfix module:

    leaf sourceIpAddress {
      type inet:ip-address;
      must "../transportProtocol='udp'";
      description "Sets source IP address if UDP is transport
        protocol. If not configured, the IP address assigned to the
        outgoing interface is used.";
    }

Do you want to make this illegal?  Do you think a new YANG statement
is needed to cover this case?   server-assigned would not be
appropriate to use, since it would fix this value, even if the IP
address of the outgoing interface is used.



/martin





> 
> 
> > Thanks,
> >  Phil
> > 
> 
> Andy
> 

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> The :with-defaults capability is optional-to-implement.
> We can't make it mandatory without changing the protocol version,
> or all existing 4741 implementations will be non-compliant.

But if we decide e.g. that we want to support dynamic defaults, and
:with-defaults is the way to read the value, we could require
:with-defaults for servers that implement any YANG module.

> So you are saying that we don't have any server behavior (ever)
> that would prevent a leaf set by the server to a value other
> than the YANG default from being retrieved by the client?

Is this the same as dynamic defaults?

> If that is the case, then we don't need 'explicit' in the
> with-defaults draft.

If we make dynamic defaults illegal we don't need :with-defaults at
all, except for convenience.


/martin

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Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> My understanding was that
> "explicit" meant you were attempting to fetch the config
> with a full set of default values. 

report-all gives you all default values.  explicit gives you only the
values actually configured (i.e. your sw would advertise
basic=explicit)


/martin

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Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> The definition of "basic=explicit" in the w-d draft needs repaired.
> 
>    o  Explicitly set default data: Data that is explicitly set by the
>       NETCONF client to its default value.  Some servers MAY treat
>       explicitly set default data as simple default data, as they may
>       not be able to differentiate between them.
> 
> Your current definition is way too narrow, blocking SNMP, humans,
> etc.  I suggest "Data that is explicitly set to its default value."

While I agree with the suggested change, note that the term 'explicit'
has nothing to do with the term 'explicitly set default data'.  A
server that cares about 'explicitly set default data' implements the
basic mode 'trim'.  This is confusing, and should probably be fixed.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund writes:
>One can imagine dynamic default values,
>and I think this is what Andy calls 'hidden' or 'phantom'.

I _think_ (but could easily be wrong) that Andy's hangup
was the definition he had in the with-defaults draft,
which said only _client_ supplied data values were
returned with the "explicit" behaviour:

   o  Explicitly set default data: Data that is explicitly set by the
      NETCONF client to its default value.  Some servers MAY treat
      explicitly set default data as simple default data, as they may
      not be able to differentiate between them.

Since configuration data is set from a number of sources (including
snmp, cli users, and "assigned-by system" data), the first paragraph
here needs to be broadened to include data set by any source.
(Default values in a YANG module would not constitute such a source.)

I'm hoping that was the origin of the confusion, and that we can
resolve this issue and move forward.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
>> My understanding was that
>> "explicit" meant you were attempting to fetch the config
>> with a full set of default values. 
> 
> report-all gives you all default values.  explicit gives you only the
> values actually configured (i.e. your sw would advertise
> basic=explicit)
> 
> 

The with-defaults terms need to be more precice:

OLD:
  o  report-all: All default data is always reported.

NEW:
  o  report-all: All requested server data is always reported.


> /martin
> 

Andy

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> basic=explicit means that the server considers any leaf
>> not explicitly provided by client to be a default.
>>
>> basic=trim means the server considers any leaf set
>> to the schema default value to be a default,
>> even if the client explicitly set the leaf to the
>> schema-defined default value.
>>
>> I consider this inconsistency to be an interoperability problem.
> 
> What exactly is the inconsistency, and how is it an interoperability
> problem?
> 
>> A default is a schema-assigned value when the element
>> is missing in a valid configuration.
>> The standard should
>> decide what a default is, not every server implementation.
>>
>> There is no way to even discover what the server will do,
>> unless :with-defaults is supported, in which case report-all
>> is available, so there is no problem.
>>
>> Even worse, there is no guarantee that the server will
>> use the same unspecified behavior across platforms,
>> across versions, or even across sub-agents within
>> the same implementation.
> 
> Look at this leaf from the ipfix module:
> 
>     leaf sourceIpAddress {
>       type inet:ip-address;
>       must "../transportProtocol='udp'";
>       description "Sets source IP address if UDP is transport
>         protocol. If not configured, the IP address assigned to the
>         outgoing interface is used.";
>     }
> 
> Do you want to make this illegal?  Do you think a new YANG statement
> is needed to cover this case?   server-assigned would not be
> appropriate to use, since it would fix this value, even if the IP
> address of the outgoing interface is used.
> 
> 


I do not want to make any YANG illegal.

I want to be able to retrieve all nodes on all servers
in a simple and consistent manner (i.e., with-defaults=report-all).
I never said I want this to be the only mode, or the default mode;
just an available mode on all servers.

If the server contains nodes which are being considered in any of
the must/when/unique/mandatory/min/max/which-case-is-present/
create-allowed/delete-allowed/select type of database decisions,
then the client needs to be able to retrieve them,
in order to effectively use the NETCONF protocol.

I think the NETMOD WG is trying to codify existing CLI practice
too closely, and that is not entirely standards-worthy.

Sometimes optional means nothing, like when we made all
9 groups of RMON-1 optional, but every RMON vendor implemented
every group anyway.   3rd party developers vote with their feet,
and that takes some time to realize.

> 
> /martin
> 

Andy



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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> basic=explicit means that the server considers any leaf
>> not explicitly provided by client to be a default.
>>
>> basic=trim means the server considers any leaf set
>> to the schema default value to be a default,
>> even if the client explicitly set the leaf to the
>> schema-defined default value.
>>
>> I consider this inconsistency to be an interoperability problem.
> 
> What exactly is the inconsistency, and how is it an interoperability
> problem?
> 



The NETMOD WG does not have a clear definition of
server behavior for server created leafs which are not
the YANG default-stmt value.  The NETCONF server behavior
for configuration retrieval is inconsistent across server
implementations.

This violates the spirit and intent of the NETCONF protocol,
as specified in sec. 1, para 1, sentence 3:

   Applications can use this
   straightforward API to send and receive full and partial
   configuration data sets.

Note the phrase "receive full".
IMO, the NETCONF WG has failed to deliver on
this objective, because every server -- not the standard --
decides what "receive a full configuration data set" means.

I am unclear on the exact solution proposal (assigned-by-stmt?)
that is being proposed.  There have been many partially defined
solutions over several months.  Is there a complete definition
somewhere for review?


> 
> /martin
> 
> 
> 


Andy


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Martin Bjorklund writes:
>Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
>> The definition of "basic=explicit" in the w-d draft needs repaired.
>> 
>>    o  Explicitly set default data: Data that is explicitly set by the
>>       NETCONF client to its default value.  Some servers MAY treat
>>       explicitly set default data as simple default data, as they may
>>       not be able to differentiate between them.
>> 
>> Your current definition is way too narrow, blocking SNMP, humans,
>> etc.  I suggest "Data that is explicitly set to its default value."
>
>While I agree with the suggested change, note that the term 'explicit'
>has nothing to do with the term 'explicitly set default data'.  A
>server that cares about 'explicitly set default data' implements the
>basic mode 'trim'.  This is confusing, and should probably be fixed.

"trim" means that if I set a leaf to the default value, it
disappears, since the server will not report it.

"explicit" means that if a user explicitly set it, it will
be reported even if the value is equal to the default value.

So I disagree that "the term 'explicit' has nothing to do with the
term 'explicitly set default data'", since my behavior is to save
configuration data that is explicitly set, regardless of value.

I'm appended some examples below.

Obviously I'm a fan of the "explicit" model, since that's how
my code works, but I don't believe in forcing this model on the
rest of the world, especially since I believe that will harm the
ability of major vendors to adopt NETCONF.  We should be able to
express what the device is able to do and allow clients to deal
with the differences.

It's not a "one ring to rule them all" approach, but I believe it
is valid, useful, and will help our work to be adopted and used by
the largest number of devices.

Thanks,
 Phil

-----

In this example, the value for "multiplier" is set to the default (3)
and it remains part of the configuration:

        [edit protocols bgp]
        phil@dent# show bfd-liveness-detection multiplier | display detail 
        ##
        ## bfd-liveness-detection: Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) options
        ##
        ## multiplier: Detection time multiplier
        ## range: 1 .. 255
        ## default: 3
        ##
        multiplier 5;
        
        [edit protocols bgp]
        phil@dent# set bfd-liveness-detection multiplier 3 
        
        [edit protocols bgp]
        phil@dent# show bfd-liveness-detection                    
        minimum-interval 100;
        multiplier 3;
        
        [edit protocols bgp]
        phil@dent# show bfd-liveness-detection multiplier | display detail 
        ##
        ## bfd-liveness-detection: Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) options
        ## multiplier: Detection time multiplier
        ## range: 1 .. 255
        ## default: 3
        ##
        multiplier 3;
        
        [edit protocols bgp]
        phil@dent# 

But other network vendors don't work this way.  In this example,
the "no exec" statement disappears when I set "exec" (the default)
and the "width" statement appears and disappears when it is or isn't
set to 80 (the default):
    
    terminal-server#show conf 
    Using 1294 out of 32762 bytes
    !
    version 11.3
    ...
    line 16
     no exec
     timeout login response 0
     transport input telnet
    ...
    !
    end
    
    terminal-server#conf t 
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    terminal-server(config)#line 16
    terminal-server(config-line)#exec
    terminal-server(config-line)#width 80
    terminal-server(config-line)#^Z
    terminal-server#show running-config 
    Building configuration...
    
    Current configuration:
    !
    version 11.3
    ...
    line 16
     timeout login response 0
     transport input telnet
    ...
    !
    end
    
    terminal-server#conf t              
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    terminal-server(config)#line 16
    terminal-server(config-line)#width 75
    terminal-server(config-line)#^Z
    terminal-server#show running-config 
    Building configuration...
    
    Current configuration:
    !
    version 11.3
    ...
    line 16
     timeout login response 0
     width 75
     transport input telnet
    ...
    !
    end
    
    terminal-server#conf t
    Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
    terminal-server(config)#line 16
    terminal-server(config-line)#width 80
    terminal-server(config-line)#^Z
    terminal-server#show running-config 
    Building configuration...
    
    Current configuration:
    !
    version 11.3
    ...
    line 16
     timeout login response 0
     transport input telnet
    ...
    !
    end
    
    terminal-server#

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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of config really was meaning of default
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
Cc: <andy@netconfcentral.com>; <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>;
<netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 10:42 PM

> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > To quote a much-quoted phrase,
> > "configuration data: The set of writable data that is required to
> > transform a system from its initial default state into its current
> > state "
> >
> > 'writable' tells me capable of being written to, even if noone in
> > the world ever actually writes it.
>
> "its current state" tells me that this "set of writable data" changes
> depending on the device's current state.  So what the term
> "configuration data" means depends on the current state of the box
> (which presumably depends on how it is configured...)
>
> I am not sure what exactly you want to read into the quote above.

Apologies that I am not around to reply more promptly; my modus operandi,
as you will have seen, means I only get to post a small number of times a day or
sometimes only one.

So I have read Andy's posts eg
<AB>
Anything I *can* set is configuration,
not anything I've *already* set.
IMO this is a big difference and the source of
the problem with the standard.

IMO, the concept that a leaf instance only exists if the
client provides it is totally broken wrt/ YANG database validation
concepts and mechanisms.
</AB>

and that is a view I agree with.  My quote could be read that way
but perhaps, more likely, it will be read as config data is only
that which would be needed at this instant in time to create
current state from 'default initial state' (which of course has nothing
to do with the 'default' substatement), whether the value comes from
server or client, so what I will actually get as part of config data, or what
will
be used for constraint checking, millisecond by millisecond, is unpredictable as
the server instantiates values or whatever the opposite of instantiate is.

That seems difficult operationally, compared with eg the SMI approach
where there is an OID, which eg, I can fire a get at and get a response.

I like Andy's idea that config data is anything I <can> set, although that might
be a stretch given the wording.

> > I see server-generated values, which are writable, as
> > part of configuration
>
> So do I.  If we had a statement 'assigned-by system', the server would
> actually add the value to the config.  As such, it would always be
> reported.

This leaves me unclear where you stand.  Agreeing with me seems to say
that server-generated values count as config data so who needs
assigned-by-system
to achieve that?  A server-generated value which is part of the
configuration means to me that the server has added the value to the config.

Tom Petch
>
>
> /martin


From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 13:33:35 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>The with-defaults terms need to be more precice:
>OLD:
>  o  report-all: All default data is always reported.
>NEW:
>  o  report-all: All requested server data is always reported.

But what does "server data" mean?  As opposed to non-server data?

Hmm... on second reading, the definition is considerably worse,
since default values are not configuration data.  How about:

    report-defaults:  Default values are incorporated with the
    data returned.

Hmmm...  is "reported" the wrong term, since APIs return
data, not report it.  Should we use "return-defaults" or
"include-defaults"?

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 13:46:43 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>IMO, the NETCONF WG has failed to deliver on
>this objective, because every server -- not the standard --
>decides what "receive a full configuration data set" means.

The NETCONF and YANG WGs have worked hard to give some flexibility
in terms of how defaults are handled.  I do not see this as a failure
but as a successful effort to deal with the world as it exists,
without trying to force a single world view on every device.

At the end of the day, a client can learn and deal with different
devices in a reasonable manner.  Devices can implement servers and
modules with minimal deviation.  Life is good.

>I am unclear on the exact solution proposal (assigned-by-stmt?)
>that is being proposed.  There have been many partially defined
>solutions over several months.  Is there a complete definition
>somewhere for review?

The last WG concensus was that we did not want to include this work
in the current YANG work.  Perhaps a few of us should write this
up as an I-D and see if the concensus still holds.

But IMHO "assigned-by system" is a rare and uninteresting corner
case.  Pretending this casts the entire effort as a failure is
sillyness.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 14:11:14 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> IMO, the NETCONF WG has failed to deliver on
>> this objective, because every server -- not the standard --
>> decides what "receive a full configuration data set" means.
> 
> The NETCONF and YANG WGs have worked hard to give some flexibility
> in terms of how defaults are handled.  I do not see this as a failure
> but as a successful effort to deal with the world as it exists,
> without trying to force a single world view on every device.
> 


The true measure of a standard is interoperability, not flexibility.


> At the end of the day, a client can learn and deal with different
> devices in a reasonable manner.  Devices can implement servers and
> modules with minimal deviation.  Life is good.
> 
>> I am unclear on the exact solution proposal (assigned-by-stmt?)
>> that is being proposed.  There have been many partially defined
>> solutions over several months.  Is there a complete definition
>> somewhere for review?
> 
> The last WG concensus was that we did not want to include this work
> in the current YANG work.  Perhaps a few of us should write this
> up as an I-D and see if the concensus still holds.
> 
> But IMHO "assigned-by system" is a rare and uninteresting corner
> case.  Pretending this casts the entire effort as a failure is
> sillyness.
> 


It is not a failure, but IMO it is not that suitable for use
by 3rd party developers who thought they were getting
something really better than before.  We're trading in
the SMIv2 data silos for YANG data silos.  We're trading in
SMIv2 DESCRIPTION clauses for YANG description statements.

It is obvious that automation-based tools are only going
to work with servers that supply them with sufficient
machine-readable and device-retrievable data.

The IETF standards do not need to specify any automation
requirements, or mandate that a server support any sort
of automation. Even the description-stmt is optional in
YANG, so the requirements for specifying data model semantics
are as low as they can go.  Every machine-readable statement
except 'type-stmt' is optional-to-use.



> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


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"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
> Cc: <andy@netconfcentral.com>; <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>;
> <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 10:42 PM
> 
> > "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> > > I see server-generated values, which are writable, as
> > > part of configuration
> >
> > So do I.  If we had a statement 'assigned-by system', the server would
> > actually add the value to the config.  As such, it would always be
> > reported.
> 
> This leaves me unclear where you stand.  Agreeing with me seems to say
> that server-generated values count as config data

Exactly.  See also my mail on terminology
(http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03665.html). 

> so who needs assigned-by-system to achieve that?

It has been argued
(e.g. in http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03437.html)
that it is needed in order for the server to behave predictable.


/martin

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Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund writes:
> >Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> >> The definition of "basic=explicit" in the w-d draft needs repaired.
> >> 
> >>    o  Explicitly set default data: Data that is explicitly set by the
> >>       NETCONF client to its default value.  Some servers MAY treat
> >>       explicitly set default data as simple default data, as they may
> >>       not be able to differentiate between them.
> >> 
> >> Your current definition is way too narrow, blocking SNMP, humans,
> >> etc.  I suggest "Data that is explicitly set to its default value."
> >
> >While I agree with the suggested change, note that the term 'explicit'
> >has nothing to do with the term 'explicitly set default data'.  A
> >server that cares about 'explicitly set default data' implements the
> >basic mode 'trim'.  This is confusing, and should probably be fixed.
> 
> "trim" means that if I set a leaf to the default value, it
> disappears, since the server will not report it.
> 
> "explicit" means that if a user explicitly set it, it will
> be reported even if the value is equal to the default value.
> 
> So I disagree that "the term 'explicit' has nothing to do with the
> term 'explicitly set default data'", since my behavior is to save
> configuration data that is explicitly set, regardless of value.

We agree here; what I meant was that if your mode is 'explicit', you
treat any data set by the client the same way - you probably don't
even check if it matches the default or not.  So you don't care if it
happens to match the term "explicitly set default data".  But if your
mode is 'trim', you have to care.

> Obviously I'm a fan of the "explicit" model, since that's how
> my code works, but I don't believe in forcing this model on the
> rest of the world, especially since I believe that will harm the
> ability of major vendors to adopt NETCONF.  We should be able to
> express what the device is able to do and allow clients to deal
> with the differences.

Agreed, and I still think that's what we're doing with the "default"
statement in YANG and :with-defaults capability.  


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
>> ----- Original Message -----
>> From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
>> To: <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
>> Cc: <andy@netconfcentral.com>; <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>;
>> <netmod@ietf.org>
>> Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2009 10:42 PM
>>
>>> "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
>>>> I see server-generated values, which are writable, as
>>>> part of configuration
>>> So do I.  If we had a statement 'assigned-by system', the server would
>>> actually add the value to the config.  As such, it would always be
>>> reported.
>> This leaves me unclear where you stand.  Agreeing with me seems to say
>> that server-generated values count as config data
> 
> Exactly.  See also my mail on terminology
> (http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03665.html). 
> 
>> so who needs assigned-by-system to achieve that?
> 
> It has been argued
> (e.g. in http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03437.html)
> that it is needed in order for the server to behave predictable.
> 

But Joel is confused along with the rest of us:

.....
Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree with Andy and Juergen. (As a
caveat, I use "means" below to indicate what I think the YANG text explicitly requires.)

1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the tree, the manager MUST provide a
value for that item.

2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item will have the explicit value
given in the default clause in the data model.
.....

Neither one of these assertions is correct.
Mandatory means the node MUST exist in a valid database,
and says nothing about client vs. server created.

I'm not sure the WG has a real definition of a default.
I know there are a lot of circular references that end up
saying that a default is whatever the server decides it means.



> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Phil Shafer wrote:
...
> At the end of the day, a client can learn and deal with different
> devices in a reasonable manner.  Devices can implement servers and
> modules with minimal deviation.  Life is good.


Really? The client can learn the operational values that are
in use on the server?  By client, you mean a human who
knows where to look up YANG modules and other documentation?
That counts as retrieving information through the NETCONF protocol?

Imagine an independent NETCONF application that is
started up in a new network.  The application wants to
examine what configuration is already in place for the 'foo'
module, to do its job.

But the server has decided that "the" client already knows
what configuration settings "the" client
has already provided, so it refuses to return those leafs.
Except there isn't just one client, and
it is absurd to expect all applications to keep in synch, instead of
simply returning data the client asked for in a get request.
That's how useful basic=explicit is to client applications.

Let's look at basic=trim now.
Instead of simply answering a direct get request
with the current value of a leaf, the server can decide
never to allow the client to retrieve this leaf,
because the server-selected value MAY be documented
in an off-line file somewhere.  The server wants to
make sure the client does not waste bandwidth.
It is much better if the client just deduces
the current operational state from available documentation.

BTW, there is no mandatory standard way to ever know what a
given server implementation considers to be a node which
is not available for retrieval.  There is a circular definition:
if the server thinks the leaf is a default, then it is a default.

Hey SNMP application developers! Can you imagine if
this this was the way get, get-next and get-bulk PDUs worked?

> ...
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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On Aug 26, 2009, at 6:59 PM, Andy Bierman wrote:

> Phil Shafer wrote:
> ...
>> At the end of the day, a client can learn and deal with different
>> devices in a reasonable manner.  Devices can implement servers and
>> modules with minimal deviation.  Life is good.
>
>
> Really? The client can learn the operational values that are
> in use on the server?  By client, you mean a human who
> knows where to look up YANG modules and other documentation?
> That counts as retrieving information through the NETCONF protocol?
>
> Imagine an independent NETCONF application that is
> started up in a new network.  The application wants to
> examine what configuration is already in place for the 'foo'
> module, to do its job.
>
> But the server has decided that "the" client already knows
> what configuration settings "the" client
> has already provided, so it refuses to return those leafs.
> Except there isn't just one client, and
> it is absurd to expect all applications to keep in synch, instead of
> simply returning data the client asked for in a get request.
> That's how useful basic=explicit is to client applications.

>
> Let's look at basic=trim now.
> Instead of simply answering a direct get request
> with the current value of a leaf, the server can decide
> never to allow the client to retrieve this leaf,
> because the server-selected value MAY be documented
> in an off-line file somewhere.  The server wants to
> make sure the client does not waste bandwidth.
> It is much better if the client just deduces
> the current operational state from available documentation.

If I understand Andy's point here, I think this is an issue of concern  
- to the extent one wants to write effective applications..  If one  
wants to write applications that are effective, they need to know, for  
any system they manage:

What the defaults are for any values/parameters there are in the system.
Are the defaults in use or where they changed as part of the creation,  
or after.
Have the defaults changed.
Knowing if the system supplied the information, it was provided by a  
CLI interaction or by another application is also important.
The 'servers' in this context, not behaving consistently is a concern.

I may have misunderstood, but not meeting these requirements would  
make applications more difficult.

While it is possible to write software to read documentation if  
consistently and well written, but...  It seems like an unnecessary  
and costly complication for the application developer.

/jon
>
> BTW, there is no mandatory standard way to ever know what a
> given server implementation considers to be a node which
> is not available for retrieval.  There is a circular definition:
> if the server thinks the leaf is a default, then it is a default.
>
> Hey SNMP application developers! Can you imagine if
> this this was the way get, get-next and get-bulk PDUs worked?
>
>> ...
>> Thanks,
>> Phil
>>
>
> Andy
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
>


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><br><div><div>On Aug 26, 2009, =
at 6:59 PM, Andy Bierman wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div>Phil =
Shafer wrote:<br>...<br><blockquote type=3D"cite">At the end of the day, =
a client can learn and deal with different<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">devices in a reasonable manner. &nbsp;Devices can =
implement servers and<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite">modules =
with minimal deviation. &nbsp;Life is =
good.<br></blockquote><br><br>Really? The client can learn the =
operational values that are<br>in use on the server? &nbsp;By client, =
you mean a human who<br>knows where to look up YANG modules and other =
documentation?<br>That counts as retrieving information through the =
NETCONF protocol?<br><br>Imagine an independent NETCONF application that =
is<br>started up in a new network. &nbsp;The application wants =
to<br>examine what configuration is already in place for the =
'foo'<br>module, to do its job.<br><br>But the server has decided that =
"the" client already knows<br>what configuration settings "the" =
client<br>has already provided, so it refuses to return those =
leafs.<br>Except there isn't just one client, and<br>it is absurd to =
expect all applications to keep in synch, instead of<br>simply returning =
data the client asked for in a get request.<br>That's how useful =
basic=3Dexplicit is to client =
applications.</div></blockquote></div><div><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div><br>Let's look at basic=3Dtrim now.<br>Instead of =
simply answering a direct get request<br>with the current value of a =
leaf, the server can decide<br>never to allow the client to retrieve =
this leaf,<br>because the server-selected value MAY be documented<br>in =
an off-line file somewhere. &nbsp;The server wants to<br>make sure the =
client does not waste bandwidth.<br>It is much better if the client just =
deduces<br>the current operational state from available =
documentation.<br></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><div>If I =
understand Andy's point here, I think this is an issue of concern - to =
the extent one wants to write effective applications.. &nbsp;If one =
wants to write applications that are effective, they need to know, for =
any system they manage:</div><div><br></div><div><ol =
class=3D"MailOutline"><li>What the defaults are for any =
values/parameters there are in the system.</li><li>Are the defaults in =
use or where they changed as part of the creation, or =
after.</li><li>Have the defaults changed.</li><li>Knowing if the system =
supplied the information, it was provided by a CLI interaction or by =
another application is also important.</li><li>The 'servers' in this =
context, not behaving consistently is a =
concern.&nbsp;</li></ol><div><br></div><div>I may have misunderstood, =
but not meeting these requirements would make applications more =
difficult.</div></div></div><div><br></div><div>While it is possible to =
write software to read documentation if consistently and well written, =
but... &nbsp;It seems like an unnecessary and costly complication for =
the application developer. =
&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>/jon</div><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div><br>BTW, there is no mandatory standard way to ever =
know what a<br>given server implementation considers to be a node =
which<br>is not available for retrieval. &nbsp;There is a circular =
definition:<br>if the server thinks the leaf is a default, then it is a =
default.<br><br>Hey SNMP application developers! Can you imagine =
if<br>this this was the way get, get-next and get-bulk PDUs =
worked?</div></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">...<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite">Thanks,<br></blockquote><blockquote type=3D"cite"> =
Phil<br></blockquote><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><br></blockquote><br>Andy<br>_______________________________=
________________<br>netmod mailing list<br><a =
href=3D"mailto:netmod@ietf.org">netmod@ietf.org</a><br>https://www.ietf.or=
g/mailman/listinfo/netmod<br><br></div></blockquote></div><br></body></htm=
l>=

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From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 17:17:24 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Jon Saperia wrote:
> 
> On Aug 26, 2009, at 6:59 PM, Andy Bierman wrote:
> 
>> Phil Shafer wrote:
>> ...
>>> At the end of the day, a client can learn and deal with different
>>> devices in a reasonable manner.  Devices can implement servers and
>>> modules with minimal deviation.  Life is good.
>>
>>
>> Really? The client can learn the operational values that are
>> in use on the server?  By client, you mean a human who
>> knows where to look up YANG modules and other documentation?
>> That counts as retrieving information through the NETCONF protocol?
>>
>> Imagine an independent NETCONF application that is
>> started up in a new network.  The application wants to
>> examine what configuration is already in place for the 'foo'
>> module, to do its job.
>>
>> But the server has decided that "the" client already knows
>> what configuration settings "the" client
>> has already provided, so it refuses to return those leafs.
>> Except there isn't just one client, and
>> it is absurd to expect all applications to keep in synch, instead of
>> simply returning data the client asked for in a get request.
>> That's how useful basic=explicit is to client applications.
>>
>> Let's look at basic=trim now.
>> Instead of simply answering a direct get request
>> with the current value of a leaf, the server can decide
>> never to allow the client to retrieve this leaf,
>> because the server-selected value MAY be documented
>> in an off-line file somewhere.  The server wants to
>> make sure the client does not waste bandwidth.
>> It is much better if the client just deduces
>> the current operational state from available documentation.
> 
> If I understand Andy's point here, I think this is an issue of concern -
> to the extent one wants to write effective applications..  If one wants
> to write applications that are effective, they need to know, for any
> system they manage:
> 
>    1. What the defaults are for any values/parameters there are in the
>       system.
>    2. Are the defaults in use or where they changed as part of the
>       creation, or after.
>    3. Have the defaults changed.
>    4. Knowing if the system supplied the information, it was provided by
>       a CLI interaction or by another application is also important.
>    5. The 'servers' in this context, not behaving consistently is a
>       concern. 
> 
> 

I don't really understand the relative importance of all
these features.

Which definition of the word 'default' are you using?


> I may have misunderstood, but not meeting these requirements would make
> applications more difficult.
> 
> While it is possible to write software to read documentation if
> consistently and well written, but...  It seems like an unnecessary and
> costly complication for the application developer.   
> 

Seems rather costly to me.
Software that finds and reads all the relevant description statements
and vendor documentation and then does useful work without
any human intervention -- sounds expensive.

I don't understand why it is considered a burden
on NETCONF servers to return all the operational data.
This was never considered a burden for SNMP agents, and
managed device resources have increased 20 or 100 fold
since SNMP made that standards decision.

> /jon


Andy


From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 17:53:33 2009
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To: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
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From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Andy Bierman writes:
>The true measure of a standard is interoperability, not flexibility.

The true way to interoperability is thru flexibility and
capability discovery, Grasshopper.

>It is obvious that automation-based tools are only going
>to work with servers that supply them with sufficient
>machine-readable and device-retrievable data.

YANG supplies them with these.  Yes, there are odd corner cases
that are not included in this first release, but they can be added
via extensions.  YANG offers a large set of descriptive modeling
features in a reasonable small language.

Let's publish and learn where the awkward points are.  I'm willing
to bet that "assigned-by system" is not on the Top Ten list.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 17:54:32 2009
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To: Martin Bjorklund <mbj@tail-f.com>
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Martin Bjorklund writes:
>We agree here; what I meant was that if your mode is 'explicit', you
>treat any data set by the client the same way - you probably don't
>even check if it matches the default or not.  So you don't care if it
>happens to match the term "explicitly set default data".  But if your
>mode is 'trim', you have to care.

Ah, cool.  We are in complete agreement.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 18:03:54 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>Really? The client can learn the operational values that are
>in use on the server?

Nope.  We dealing with configuration models, not operational
data.  I don't think we're anywhere near messing with
operational data.

>By client, you mean a human who
>knows where to look up YANG modules and other documentation?
>That counts as retrieving information through the NETCONF protocol?

Clients manipulating data in YANG-based models should know how to
look up data in a YANG module.  This is the minimum bar.  We
are not making YANG so modelers can write models that no one
reads.

>That's how useful basic=explicit is to client applications.

Here we simply disagree, and I'm fairly certain that you aren't
seeing it.  We've stewed on this topic for long enough.  I think
we have concensus.  I think we've hard concensus a number of times.
Let's move on.

Worse case: you are right, the working group is wrong, and the
marketplace will mandate the implementation of the with-defaults
capability.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 18:09:25 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> The true measure of a standard is interoperability, not flexibility.
> 
> The true way to interoperability is thru flexibility and
> capability discovery, Grasshopper.

spoken like a true server developer.

> 
>> It is obvious that automation-based tools are only going
>> to work with servers that supply them with sufficient
>> machine-readable and device-retrievable data.
> 
> YANG supplies them with these.  Yes, there are odd corner cases
> that are not included in this first release, but they can be added
> via extensions.  YANG offers a large set of descriptive modeling
> features in a reasonable small language.
> 
> Let's publish and learn where the awkward points are.  I'm willing
> to bet that "assigned-by system" is not on the Top Ten list.
> 

At first, I accepted the premise that
the "server does not store the defaults",
so they cannot be returned.

After a lot more thought and implementation
experience, I think that is utter nonsense.

If the server does not store the default, then it
must know the value some other way, perhaps some
is_value_default() callback.  If the server does not
know the leaf is a default, then it cannot know to skip it
when it is requested in a <get> or <get-config> request.
The sever MUST know the leaf exists if the 'default' leaf is being
considered in YANG validation procedures, and we all agree
that is the case.

So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.

> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 18:15:21 2009
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Jon Saperia writes:
>While it is possible to write software to read documentation if  
>consistently and well written, but...  It seems like an unnecessary  
>and costly complication for the application developer.

Given the investment in the YANG module, and the valuable content
already there (hierarchy, types, mandatory, keys, unique, must,
etc), the additional cost of learning default values is near zero.

The application needs to know if it needs to make a leaf, needs to
know its parent hierachy, its type definition, and a litany of
constraints put on it by the modeler.  The default value is the
least of the application's concern.  Mixing it (or any meta-data)
into the configuration data is a mistake on par with decorating
the leaf with attributes containing it's other meta-data:

<foo type="string" max-length="64" unique="true" must="not(../goo)">42</foo>

Worse, since you can't differential a default from something
a human user explicitly set.  I count clear up the above by
discarding all attributes, but I don't know enough to discard
uninteresting defaults without discarding human input.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 18:25:17 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> Really? The client can learn the operational values that are
>> in use on the server?
> 
> Nope.  We dealing with configuration models, not operational
> data.  I don't think we're anywhere near messing with
> operational data.
> 
>> By client, you mean a human who
>> knows where to look up YANG modules and other documentation?
>> That counts as retrieving information through the NETCONF protocol?
> 
> Clients manipulating data in YANG-based models should know how to
> look up data in a YANG module.  This is the minimum bar.  We
> are not making YANG so modelers can write models that no one
> reads.

Sure -- why use up 10 milli-seconds of the server's precious
resources when you can hire sysadmins that can
spend hours looking up the same information manually.
What a great plan.

> 
>> That's how useful basic=explicit is to client applications.
> 
> Here we simply disagree, and I'm fairly certain that you aren't
> seeing it.  We've stewed on this topic for long enough.  I think
> we have concensus.  I think we've hard concensus a number of times.
> Let's move on.
> 
> Worse case: you are right, the working group is wrong, and the
> marketplace will mandate the implementation of the with-defaults
> capability.
> 

perhaps.
IMO, the way YANG and NETCONF deal with defaults is very complicated,
and makes the entire protocol harder to learn and understand.

> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 


Andy


From phil@juniper.net  Wed Aug 26 18:28:37 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
>it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
>due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.

You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
knobs:

% egrep 'attribute .* {' ddl/input/dcd.cnf.dd | wc -l 
     803

(attribute is the JUNOS equivalent of YANG's leaf; dcd is the
daemon that handle interfaces; ".cnf.dd" are the configuration
data model files)

On a typical interface, less than 10 are set.  Throwing hundreds
of defaults for thousands of interfaces is simply not smart.  It's
not a server thing; I can certainly generate a couple of hundred
thousand xml elements.  But it's shipping this much data with values
that are uninteresting to anyone is, well, not smart.

Think about config archival; do I want to archive uninteresting
default data?  Think about user display; do I want to show the
user a hundred knobs they've never heard of?

Default values are not data; they are meta-data.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Andy Bierman writes:
>Sure -- why use up 10 milli-seconds of the server's precious
>resources when you can hire sysadmins that can
>spend hours looking up the same information manually.

It's in the YANG module.  The application can look it
up in less time than the server.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Wed Aug 26 19:13:59 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
>> it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
>> due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.
> 
> You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
> don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
> they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
> knobs:
> 

no -- we went through this all before.

It is up to the operator to decide
what the operator wants, not the server.
If I send an XPath select="/this/exact/leaf",
then it's because I want that leaf.

If with-defaults was mandatory-to-implement,
then the operator would have the ability
to force the server to return the data it wants,
and let the server set its own default handling
to 1 of 3 specific modes.  The client would be
able to determine the default handling in
every <hello>.  This would be much better
than the current situation.

But I don't know if that would be worth
a new protocol version.  IMO, there should
be 1 'bundled' capability for all new 4741-bis features,
and servers will advertise 4741bis plus 4741,
but 4741bis capability would still be optional.

> 
> Default values are not data; they are meta-data.

disagree on that one too -- IMO, there is nothing
that special about leaf that happens to conform
to some particular definition of a default.
There are just chucks of config that can be diffed
edited, retrieved, etc.


> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy



From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Wed Aug 26 20:46:52 2009
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Hi,
 
>  But Joel is confused along with the rest of us:
>  
>  .....
>  Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree 
> with Andy and Juergen. (As a
>  caveat, I use "means" below to indicate what I think the YANG text 
> explicitly requires.)
>  
>  1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the 
> tree, the manager MUST provide a
>  value for that item.
>  
>  2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item 
> will have the explicit value
>  given in the default clause in the data model.
>  .....
>  
>  Neither one of these assertions is correct.
>  Mandatory means the node MUST exist in a valid database,
>  and says nothing about client vs. server created.

But my impression is the majority talks about mandatory things based
on 1) above. 
 
>  I'm not sure the WG has a real definition of a default.
>  I know there are a lot of circular references that end up
>  saying that a default is whatever the server decides it means.
>  

My perception is, default leafs are not explicitly set, so they are not in
config, but they have the same effect as they were presented in config.

>From a server's view, data could be categorised into 
1) the data that is explicitly set and the value doesn't equal to defaults 
if defaults is provided 
2) the data that is explicitly set to the default values and defaults is provided
3) the data that is not explicitly set and defaults is provided, in this case,
the value equals to defaults, but the data is not in config.

>From a client's view, they can always retrieve 1), they can retrieve
2) if with-defaults=explict/report-all, they can retrieve 3) if with-defaults
=report-all

I can issue with-defaults=trim <get-config>, then get data A
I can issue with-defaults=explicit <get-config>, then  get data B
I can issue with-defaults=report-all <get-config>, then get data C
Well, A is data within 1), B-A is data within 2), C-B is data within 3).

washam   

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Hi,

----- Original Message -----
From: Martin Bjorklund <mbj@tail-f.com>
Date: Thursday, August 27, 2009 3:31 am
Subject: [netmod] default terminology
To: netmod@ietf.org


> Hi,
>  
>  I think some of the confusion in the recent discussions comes from
>  inconsistent terminolgy.
>  
>  When we say 'server assigned', or 'assigned-by system', it refers to
>  data that is present in the config, just like normal, client created
>  data ('assigned-by user' if you will).  Since this data is part of the
>  data store, it is not hidden, it is not phantom nodes, and it is
>  reported in a normal get-config, regardless of the value of any
>  with-defaults parameters.
>  
>  Then we have 'default data'.  I like to view this as the value that is
>  operationally used if the node is not present in the data store.  YANG
>  supports one kind of default data only - static defaults, i.e. a
>  static value, guaranteed to be the same in all implementations,
>  specified in the data model.  One can imagine dynamic default values,
>  and I think this is what Andy calls 'hidden' or 'phantom'.

IMO, dynamic defaults should be treated as 'a-by system' or anything
else and should be presented explicitly in the config. It makes little sense
letting clients to deduce what the exact default is in different cases.

washam

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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Phil Shafer wrote:
> > Andy Bierman writes:
> >> So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
> >> it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
> >> due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.
> > 
> > You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
> > don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
> > they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
> > knobs:
> > 
> 
> no -- we went through this all before.

Indeed we did.  And we realized that we will never be able to agree on
one model for default handling.  (The current discussion is evidence
of that).  So the NETCONF WG is chartered to work on how clients can
learn how a server handles defaults.  I don't think we should drop all
this just b/c you now favor the 'report-all' mode.

> It is up to the operator to decide
> what the operator wants, not the server.
> If I send an XPath select="/this/exact/leaf",
> then it's because I want that leaf.

And if the operator is used to the 'explicit' mode, he does not want
to see stuff he did not set.  This is no argument for either side.  If
anything it is an argument for :with-defaults which gives the operator
the flexibility to choose.

> If with-defaults was mandatory-to-implement,
> then the operator would have the ability
> to force the server to return the data it wants,
> and let the server set its own default handling
> to 1 of 3 specific modes.  The client would be
> able to determine the default handling in
> every <hello>.  This would be much better
> than the current situation.
> 
> But I don't know if that would be worth
> a new protocol version.

I still think we *could* make :with-defaults mandatory to implement if
the server implements YANG models.  But I really do not think it is
necessary for interoperability.  The YANG spec is clear that if a
particular leaf is not present in a reply, and it has a default value,
the default value is operationally used by the server.


/martin

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Thu Aug 27 00:55:16 2009
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Hi,

Sec. 9.10.5 shows how local XML prefixes are used for representing
values of "identityref" type. However, this won't work in XPath
expressions because XPath doesn't know this type and there is no way for
properly mapping the prefixes to URIs.

For example, assume "my-crypto" model in 9.10.5 contains another
top-level leaf

    leaf foo {
        when "../crypto = 'des:des3'";
        ....
    }

then the 'when' condition will be true for

    <crypto xmlns:des="http://example.com/des">des:des3</crypto>

but false for

    <crypto xmlns:x="http://example.com/des">x:des3</crypto>

even though the text says that both representations encode the same
leaf.

Possible solutions:

1. Use the module name for qualifying identity names, e.g.

    when "../crypto = 'des.des3'"

   and
    
    <crypto>des.des3</crypto>

   (note that the module name and prefix are the same in the example)

2. Use full URI, e.g.,

    when "../crypto = '{http://example.com/des}des3'"

   and

    <crypto>{http://example.com/des}des3</crypto>

3. Define an XPath extension function, e.g.

    when "yang:is-identity(../crypto, 'des:des3')";

   Here, the XML instance representation could remain (with local 
   prefixes).

In my view, #1 would be the best compromise for YANG 1.0 provided that
module names will be mostly unique.

If YANG used other XPath extension functions, #3 would be probably the
right solution.

Lada
 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> 3. Define an XPath extension function, e.g.
> 
>     when "yang:is-identity(../crypto, 'des:des3')";
> 
>    Here, the XML instance representation could remain (with local 
>    prefixes).
> 
> In my view, #1 would be the best compromise for YANG 1.0 provided that
> module names will be mostly unique.
> 
> If YANG used other XPath extension functions, #3 would be probably the
> right solution.

Actually, YANG does define another extension function - current().  I
sort of like the module.name syntax, but it is different from what we
have in other places, so my preference would be #3 followed by #1.


/martin

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WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com> wrote:
> Hi,
>  
> >  But Joel is confused along with the rest of us:
> >  
> >  .....
> >  Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree 
> > with Andy and Juergen. (As a
> >  caveat, I use "means" below to indicate what I think the YANG text 
> > explicitly requires.)
> >  
> >  1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the 
> > tree, the manager MUST provide a
> >  value for that item.
> >  
> >  2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item 
> > will have the explicit value
> >  given in the default clause in the data model.
> >  .....
> >  
> >  Neither one of these assertions is correct.
> >  Mandatory means the node MUST exist in a valid database,
> >  and says nothing about client vs. server created.
> 
> But my impression is the majority talks about mandatory things based
> on 1) above. 

I agree.  This is what mandatory means.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 10:19 +0200:
> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> > 3. Define an XPath extension function, e.g.
> > 
> >     when "yang:is-identity(../crypto, 'des:des3')";
> > 
> >    Here, the XML instance representation could remain (with local 
> >    prefixes).
> > 
> > In my view, #1 would be the best compromise for YANG 1.0 provided that
> > module names will be mostly unique.
> > 
> > If YANG used other XPath extension functions, #3 would be probably the
> > right solution.
> 
> Actually, YANG does define another extension function - current().  I

Well, current() isn't really new, it's an XSLT function and expressions
that use it will in most cases work out of the box - e.g. in XSLT and
Schematron.
 
> sort of like the module.name syntax, but it is different from what we
> have in other places, so my preference would be #3 followed by #1.

I agree that #3 will be needed in the long term. For example, in the
recent PSAMP example,

    must "yang:byte-length() = ../payloadBytes";

might come handy.

The practical difficulty with this approach is that existing tools will
not understand these functions unless the extensions are implemented in
them.

Lada

> 
> 
> /martin
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Thu Aug 27 02:04:30 2009
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Andy Bierman píše v St 26. 08. 2009 v 01:40 -0700:
> 
> I am concerned about consistent answers to the 11 questions
> I posted yesterday.  It seems to me how a particular leaf
> got its value is a red herring and totally irrelevant.
> All that matters is whether server-supplied values
> count as an instance of a leaf (or leaf-list) or not.

+1

> 
> It is irrelevant whether we call it config, operational node,
> or something in between, if some servers behave as if there is no
> leaf present at all, and others behave as if there is a leaf present.

YANG actually requires that XPath expressions be evaluated as if the
leaf is present.

> 
> These 'phantom' leafs may count towards a max-elements error (or not).
> They may cause a unique-error (or not).  11 different error conditions
> that may or may not be reported -- all supposedly from compliant servers.
> 
> IMO, the complete lack of any predictable server behavior for these 11
> conditions is a problem for interoperability.

Yes, and also the long threads we are now enjoying in this mailing list
prove that this ambiguity is really confusing.

Lada
 
> 
> 
> > /js
> > 
> 
> Andy
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Thu Aug 27 02:33:34 2009
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Martin Bjorklund píše v St 26. 08. 2009 v 15:45 +0200:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de> wrote:
> > On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 02:48:54PM +0200, Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> >  
> > > Another way of looking at it is that when I write data models, I will
> > > always use the former style b/c I like the explicit mode, but my
> > > friend Balazs who likes report-all, will always use the latter style.
> > > Our models might look exactly the same in all other regards, but this.
> > 
> > This is the point. We either settle on one model and stick to it or we
> > will have to accept diversity. I am in favour of at least trying to
> > settle on one model.
> 
> If you're talking about if default values are part of the config or
> not -- we've been there before.  I don't think we can force one model
> onto devices.  If we pick one way, all other devices will look at this
> and say they can't implement it.

This is not necessary. In an analogy to the MVC paradigm, YANG spec can
define a single model, and implementations may work with different views
of this model. One view can be identical to the model and such an
implementation has no extra work. An implementor using a different view
will have to (mentally) move back and forth between the view and the
model but the mapping between them is not that difficult.

I guess the situation is similar to two physicists, one of them using SI
units and the other CGS. They can still talk together, read papers
employing either system etc. They only need to exercise extra care.

My preference is that the YANG model be of the report-all style because
this is what XPath expressions assume, but I could live with another
model, too, if it is precisely defined.

Lada

> 
> 
> /martin
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Thu Aug 27 02:53:43 2009
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Martin Bjorklund píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 11:29 +0200:
> 
> I will answer this with the terminolgy I introduced earlier, b/c I
> think much of the confusion comes from us using the same words for
> different things.

Yup, RFC 4741 talks about "initial default state", with-defaults draft
has its defaults and YANG as well, but they are all different.
 
> 
> If we talk about assigned-by-system values, there is no ambiguity.
> They are proper instances, so the answers to these questions falls out
> naturally.  See Phil's email.  The proposal we had for an "assigned-by
> system/user" statement formalized them.

Both Phil and Andy said at different moments - or at least I understood
it so - that if there is a default specified for an assigned-by-system
leaf, the system MUST assign this value. Independently of the fate of
'assigned-by', I would prefer if the 'default' statement was orthogonal
and just postulated that certain configurations mean the same thing.

Lada

> 
> If we talk about dynamic defaults, I agree that it is unclear how they
> should work in general.  But NOTE -- we don't have any dynamic
> defaults in YANG!  However, people are free to define leafs like
> "sourceIpAddress" in the ipfix model.  What is the problem with this?
> 
> 
> /martin
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> > If we talk about assigned-by-system values, there is no ambiguity.
> > They are proper instances, so the answers to these questions falls out
> > naturally.  See Phil's email.  The proposal we had for an "assigned-by
> > system/user" statement formalized them.
> 
> Both Phil and Andy said at different moments - or at least I understood
> it so - that if there is a default specified for an assigned-by-system
> leaf, the system MUST assign this value.

I'm not sure they did, but I disagree with this.

> Independently of the fate of
> 'assigned-by', I would prefer if the 'default' statement was orthogonal
> and just postulated that certain configurations mean the same thing.

I agree.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 11:56 +0200:
> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> > > If we talk about assigned-by-system values, there is no ambiguity.
> > > They are proper instances, so the answers to these questions falls out
> > > naturally.  See Phil's email.  The proposal we had for an "assigned-by
> > > system/user" statement formalized them.
> > 
> > Both Phil and Andy said at different moments - or at least I understood
> > it so - that if there is a default specified for an assigned-by-system
> > leaf, the system MUST assign this value.
> 
> I'm not sure they did, but I disagree with this.
> 

http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03410.html
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03579.html

Lada

-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>Martin Bjorklund píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 11:56 +0200:
>> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
>> > > If we talk about assigned-by-system values, there is no ambiguity.
>> > > They are proper instances, so the answers to these questions falls out
>> > > naturally.  See Phil's email.  The proposal we had for an "assigned-by
>> > > system/user" statement formalized them.
>> > 
>> > Both Phil and Andy said at different moments - or at least I understood
>> > it so - that if there is a default specified for an assigned-by-system
>> > leaf, the system MUST assign this value.
>> 
>> I'm not sure they did, but I disagree with this.
>> 
>
>http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03410.html

  Depending on if the 'default' statement appears inside the model.
  If the model has a default statement and the configuration was
  made using this model, then the device should honor that model's
  default value.

This is very different than the meaning you've given my words above.
My meaning was this: if I make configuration for an interface using
the ACME Interface Model and that model has an "mtu" leaf with a
default of 1024, an interface made using that model should use that
model's default value instead of my normal system model default of,
say, 1500.  Since you used the ACME model, I need to honor the
default value that is defined inside that model, since your application
can reasonably expect that behaviour.

This is completely orthogonal to the "assigned-by system" issue.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 05:41:55 2009
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From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Martin Bjorklund writes:
>If we talk about dynamic defaults, I agree that it is unclear how they
>should work in general.  But NOTE -- we don't have any dynamic
>defaults in YANG!  However, people are free to define leafs like
>"sourceIpAddress" in the ipfix model.  What is the problem with this?

In particular, dynamic defaults are not configuration data, so no
mechanism that fetches configuration data should ever return them.
They should be completely outside this discussion.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 05:48:53 2009
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To: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
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From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] identityref and XPath
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Any of these three would be fine, but I thought identifyref was
somehow imbued with the intelligence to handle prefixes in such a
way that the value "des:des3" is more than just a string, so changing
the prefix would be handled correctly.  #2 is probably the most
exact proposal, and #3 is the least, but all three are close enough
that none has a serious advantage.

Thanks,
 Phil



Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>Hi,
>
>Sec. 9.10.5 shows how local XML prefixes are used for representing
>values of "identityref" type. However, this won't work in XPath
>expressions because XPath doesn't know this type and there is no way for
>properly mapping the prefixes to URIs.
>
>For example, assume "my-crypto" model in 9.10.5 contains another
>top-level leaf
>
>    leaf foo {
>        when "../crypto = 'des:des3'";
>        ....
>    }
>
>then the 'when' condition will be true for
>
>    <crypto xmlns:des="http://example.com/des">des:des3</crypto>
>
>but false for
>
>    <crypto xmlns:x="http://example.com/des">x:des3</crypto>
>
>even though the text says that both representations encode the same
>leaf.
>
>Possible solutions:
>
>1. Use the module name for qualifying identity names, e.g.
>
>    when "../crypto = 'des.des3'"
>
>   and
>    
>    <crypto>des.des3</crypto>
>
>   (note that the module name and prefix are the same in the example)
>
>2. Use full URI, e.g.,
>
>    when "../crypto = '{http://example.com/des}des3'"
>
>   and
>
>    <crypto>{http://example.com/des}des3</crypto>
>
>3. Define an XPath extension function, e.g.
>
>    when "yang:is-identity(../crypto, 'des:des3')";
>
>   Here, the XML instance representation could remain (with local 
>   prefixes).
>
>In my view, #1 would be the best compromise for YANG 1.0 provided that
>module names will be mostly unique.
>
>If YANG used other XPath extension functions, #3 would be probably the
>right solution.
>
>Lada
> 
>-- 
>Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
>PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C
>
>_______________________________________________
>netmod mailing list
>netmod@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 27 06:08:54 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Phil Shafer wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman writes:
>>>> So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
>>>> it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
>>>> due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.
>>> You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
>>> don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
>>> they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
>>> knobs:
>>>
>> no -- we went through this all before.
> 
> Indeed we did.  And we realized that we will never be able to agree on
> one model for default handling.  (The current discussion is evidence
> of that).  So the NETCONF WG is chartered to work on how clients can
> learn how a server handles defaults.  I don't think we should drop all
> this just b/c you now favor the 'report-all' mode.
> 

fine -- I invite application developers to
write code to read description clauses,
because 1 or 2 server vendors refuse to let
them use the <get> and <get-config> code
they already have.  The market will decide
on this one -- rather easily in fact.

IMO, NETCONF is unusable in this 'offline lookup mode',
but if others think it's a good use of their time
to support this sort of device, then good luck with that.

>> It is up to the operator to decide
>> what the operator wants, not the server.
>> If I send an XPath select="/this/exact/leaf",
>> then it's because I want that leaf.
> 
> And if the operator is used to the 'explicit' mode, he does not want
> to see stuff he did not set.  This is no argument for either side.  If
> anything it is an argument for :with-defaults which gives the operator
> the flexibility to choose.
> 

You do understand that there is just one bit
devotes to 'set-explicit', right?
You don't get to see just "your changes".
You see whatever explicit operations all operators
have made since the device was purchased.

We used to let the NMS handle this sort of
nonsense -- but there are still some SNMP agents
that reset their counters in the device,
instead of the NMS, because "the" operator
wants the counters reset.


>> If with-defaults was mandatory-to-implement,
>> then the operator would have the ability
>> to force the server to return the data it wants,
>> and let the server set its own default handling
>> to 1 of 3 specific modes.  The client would be
>> able to determine the default handling in
>> every <hello>.  This would be much better
>> than the current situation.
>>
>> But I don't know if that would be worth
>> a new protocol version.
> 
> I still think we *could* make :with-defaults mandatory to implement if
> the server implements YANG models.  But I really do not think it is
> necessary for interoperability.  The YANG spec is clear that if a
> particular leaf is not present in a reply, and it has a default value,
> the default value is operationally used by the server.
> 

I think prospects for interoperability in NETCONF/YANG are extremely
low.

Your client cannot even tell what the server isn't
letting it retrieve without with-defaults.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Thu Aug 27 06:10:53 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 08:23 -0400:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >Martin Bjorklund píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 11:56 +0200:
> >> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> >> > > If we talk about assigned-by-system values, there is no ambiguity.
> >> > > They are proper instances, so the answers to these questions falls out
> >> > > naturally.  See Phil's email.  The proposal we had for an "assigned-by
> >> > > system/user" statement formalized them.
> >> > 
> >> > Both Phil and Andy said at different moments - or at least I understood
> >> > it so - that if there is a default specified for an assigned-by-system
> >> > leaf, the system MUST assign this value.
> >> 
> >> I'm not sure they did, but I disagree with this.
> >> 
> >
> >http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netmod/current/msg03410.html
> 
>   Depending on if the 'default' statement appears inside the model.
>   If the model has a default statement and the configuration was
>   made using this model, then the device should honor that model's
>   default value.
> 
> This is very different than the meaning you've given my words above.
> My meaning was this: if I make configuration for an interface using
> the ACME Interface Model and that model has an "mtu" leaf with a
> default of 1024, an interface made using that model should use that
> model's default value instead of my normal system model default of,
> say, 1500.  Since you used the ACME model, I need to honor the
> default value that is defined inside that model, since your application
> can reasonably expect that behaviour.

Hmm, so let me also paste in Juergens text that you replied to:

>... If you plug a PCMCIA network card in your notebook, you will see
>a suitable MTU - you did not configure it nor is it going to be the
>same for all possible network cards.

Depending on if the 'default' statement appears inside the model.
If the model has a default statement and the configuration was
made using this model, then the device should honor that model's
default value.

My reading is that if the "mtu" leaf had

  assigned-by system; 
  default 1500;

"should honor" means that I could rely on MTU being configured to 1500
(and get-config and <with-defaults>report-all</with-defaults> should
report the same value).

If this is what you meant, I don't agree.

Lada
> 
> This is completely orthogonal to the "assigned-by system" issue.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 27 06:11:17 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] identityref and XPath
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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> Sec. 9.10.5 shows how local XML prefixes are used for representing
> values of "identityref" type. However, this won't work in XPath
> expressions because XPath doesn't know this type and there is no way for
> properly mapping the prefixes to URIs.
> 

I see no reason to change this at all.
I found it easy to code -- no problems at all.

We cannot use des.des2 because we already decided
not to reserve any legal identifier characters
for delimiters.  (IMO, rather shortsighted, again).
(des.des2 is a legal YANG identifier.)


Andy


> For example, assume "my-crypto" model in 9.10.5 contains another
> top-level leaf
> 
>     leaf foo {
>         when "../crypto = 'des:des3'";
>         ....
>     }
> 
> then the 'when' condition will be true for
> 
>     <crypto xmlns:des="http://example.com/des">des:des3</crypto>
> 
> but false for
> 
>     <crypto xmlns:x="http://example.com/des">x:des3</crypto>
> 
> even though the text says that both representations encode the same
> leaf.
> 
> Possible solutions:
> 
> 1. Use the module name for qualifying identity names, e.g.
> 
>     when "../crypto = 'des.des3'"
> 
>    and
>     
>     <crypto>des.des3</crypto>
> 
>    (note that the module name and prefix are the same in the example)
> 
> 2. Use full URI, e.g.,
> 
>     when "../crypto = '{http://example.com/des}des3'"
> 
>    and
> 
>     <crypto>{http://example.com/des}des3</crypto>
> 
> 3. Define an XPath extension function, e.g.
> 
>     when "yang:is-identity(../crypto, 'des:des3')";
> 
>    Here, the XML instance representation could remain (with local 
>    prefixes).
> 
> In my view, #1 would be the best compromise for YANG 1.0 provided that
> module names will be mostly unique.
> 
> If YANG used other XPath extension functions, #3 would be probably the
> right solution.
> 
> Lada
>  


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Thu Aug 27 06:26:53 2009
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Andy Bierman píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 06:11 -0700:
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > Sec. 9.10.5 shows how local XML prefixes are used for representing
> > values of "identityref" type. However, this won't work in XPath
> > expressions because XPath doesn't know this type and there is no way for
> > properly mapping the prefixes to URIs.
> > 
> 
> I see no reason to change this at all.
> I found it easy to code -- no problems at all.

For XPath 'des:des3' is just a plain string literal and '=' performs a
string equality test. Of course, if you as a developer look at the
condition, realize what it means and then implement it in your code,
it's easy, but not how XPath is supposed to work.

> 
> We cannot use des.des2 because we already decided
> not to reserve any legal identifier characters
> for delimiters.  (IMO, rather shortsighted, again).
> (des.des2 is a legal YANG identifier.)

Right, dot mustn't be allowed in identifiers in this case.

Lada
 
> 
> 
> Andy
> 
> 
> > For example, assume "my-crypto" model in 9.10.5 contains another
> > top-level leaf
> > 
> >     leaf foo {
> >         when "../crypto = 'des:des3'";
> >         ....
> >     }
> > 
> > then the 'when' condition will be true for
> > 
> >     <crypto xmlns:des="http://example.com/des">des:des3</crypto>
> > 
> > but false for
> > 
> >     <crypto xmlns:x="http://example.com/des">x:des3</crypto>
> > 
> > even though the text says that both representations encode the same
> > leaf.
> > 
> > Possible solutions:
> > 
> > 1. Use the module name for qualifying identity names, e.g.
> > 
> >     when "../crypto = 'des.des3'"
> > 
> >    and
> >     
> >     <crypto>des.des3</crypto>
> > 
> >    (note that the module name and prefix are the same in the example)
> > 
> > 2. Use full URI, e.g.,
> > 
> >     when "../crypto = '{http://example.com/des}des3'"
> > 
> >    and
> > 
> >     <crypto>{http://example.com/des}des3</crypto>
> > 
> > 3. Define an XPath extension function, e.g.
> > 
> >     when "yang:is-identity(../crypto, 'des:des3')";
> > 
> >    Here, the XML instance representation could remain (with local 
> >    prefixes).
> > 
> > In my view, #1 would be the best compromise for YANG 1.0 provided that
> > module names will be mostly unique.
> > 
> > If YANG used other XPath extension functions, #3 would be probably the
> > right solution.
> > 
> > Lada
> >  
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Andy Bierman píše v St 26. 08. 2009 v 01:40 -0700:
>> I am concerned about consistent answers to the 11 questions
>> I posted yesterday.  It seems to me how a particular leaf
>> got its value is a red herring and totally irrelevant.
>> All that matters is whether server-supplied values
>> count as an instance of a leaf (or leaf-list) or not.
> 
> +1
> 
>> It is irrelevant whether we call it config, operational node,
>> or something in between, if some servers behave as if there is no
>> leaf present at all, and others behave as if there is a leaf present.
> 
> YANG actually requires that XPath expressions be evaluated as if the
> leaf is present.
> 


I find the YANG concepts to be more confusing because
the rules are not specified as if there exists
a static database representation (as XPath expects).  The
NETCONF protocol is also more complicated because there
is not a 'whole' database available on all devices.

I find the problem premises to be absurd, and contrary to
everything we learned over 20 years of monitoring with SNMP:

  1) the server should decide what the client wants to retrieve

  2) retrieving data that can be deduced from studying
     documentation is a waste of bandwidth

I do not accept these assertions at all, even if the WG does.
The with-defaults capability is a hack, piled on top of more hacks,
to fix a kludged architecture.


>> These 'phantom' leafs may count towards a max-elements error (or not).
>> They may cause a unique-error (or not).  11 different error conditions
>> that may or may not be reported -- all supposedly from compliant servers.
>>
>> IMO, the complete lack of any predictable server behavior for these 11
>> conditions is a problem for interoperability.
> 
> Yes, and also the long threads we are now enjoying in this mailing list
> prove that this ambiguity is really confusing.
> 
> Lada
>  
>


Andy


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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Andy Bierman píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 06:11 -0700:
>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> Sec. 9.10.5 shows how local XML prefixes are used for representing
>>> values of "identityref" type. However, this won't work in XPath
>>> expressions because XPath doesn't know this type and there is no way for
>>> properly mapping the prefixes to URIs.
>>>
>> I see no reason to change this at all.
>> I found it easy to code -- no problems at all.
> 
> For XPath 'des:des3' is just a plain string literal and '=' performs a
> string equality test. Of course, if you as a developer look at the
> condition, realize what it means and then implement it in your code,
> it's easy, but not how XPath is supposed to work.

But I have to do that at least 10 times to implement XPath
for YANG, so what's one more?

You have to compare the value space, not the lexical space,
or YANG doesn't actually work. You have to hunt down des:des3
or even just des3, because you know the base of the identityref
from the YANG tpe.


> 
>> We cannot use des.des2 because we already decided
>> not to reserve any legal identifier characters
>> for delimiters.  (IMO, rather shortsighted, again).
>> (des.des2 is a legal YANG identifier.)
> 
> Right, dot mustn't be allowed in identifiers in this case.
> 
> Lada
>  


Andy

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Andy Bierman píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 07:01 -0700:
> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> > Andy Bierman píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 06:11 -0700:
> >> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> >>> Hi,
> >>>
> >>> Sec. 9.10.5 shows how local XML prefixes are used for representing
> >>> values of "identityref" type. However, this won't work in XPath
> >>> expressions because XPath doesn't know this type and there is no way for
> >>> properly mapping the prefixes to URIs.
> >>>
> >> I see no reason to change this at all.
> >> I found it easy to code -- no problems at all.
> > 
> > For XPath 'des:des3' is just a plain string literal and '=' performs a
> > string equality test. Of course, if you as a developer look at the
> > condition, realize what it means and then implement it in your code,
> > it's easy, but not how XPath is supposed to work.
> 
> But I have to do that at least 10 times to implement XPath
> for YANG, so what's one more?
> 
> You have to compare the value space, not the lexical space,
> or YANG doesn't actually work. You have to hunt down des:des3
> or even just des3, because you know the base of the identityref
> from the YANG tpe.

Then it's YPath, not XPath. As long as YANG spec refers to XPath 1.0, it
must follow its semantics. Extension functions is a mechanism that is
supported by the (few) existing XPath processors I worked with, and made
official in XPath 2.0.

Lada


Lada

> 
> 
> > 
> >> We cannot use des.des2 because we already decided
> >> not to reserve any legal identifier characters
> >> for delimiters.  (IMO, rather shortsighted, again).
> >> (des.des2 is a legal YANG identifier.)
> > 
> > Right, dot mustn't be allowed in identifiers in this case.
> > 
> > Lada
> >  
> 
> 
> Andy
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 27 07:28:43 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] identityref and XPath
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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Andy Bierman píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 07:01 -0700:
>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 06:11 -0700:
>>>> Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
>>>>> Hi,
>>>>>
>>>>> Sec. 9.10.5 shows how local XML prefixes are used for representing
>>>>> values of "identityref" type. However, this won't work in XPath
>>>>> expressions because XPath doesn't know this type and there is no way for
>>>>> properly mapping the prefixes to URIs.
>>>>>
>>>> I see no reason to change this at all.
>>>> I found it easy to code -- no problems at all.
>>> For XPath 'des:des3' is just a plain string literal and '=' performs a
>>> string equality test. Of course, if you as a developer look at the
>>> condition, realize what it means and then implement it in your code,
>>> it's easy, but not how XPath is supposed to work.
>> But I have to do that at least 10 times to implement XPath
>> for YANG, so what's one more?
>>
>> You have to compare the value space, not the lexical space,
>> or YANG doesn't actually work. You have to hunt down des:des3
>> or even just des3, because you know the base of the identityref
>> from the YANG tpe.
> 
> Then it's YPath, not XPath. 

Oh, right. That's a bad thing.
Officially, we use XPath and support off-the-shelf XML tools.
I keep forgetting that.

So we need to invent some XPath-ish thing nobody else is using,
instead of a YANG-ish thing nobody else is using, even though
the 'foo = x:bar' syntax is the most user-friendly we will find?

YANG users who are not XPath experts
will not know the difference, or care, and XPath experts
will not know about the strange encoding in (2) or the new
function in (3).  They know about (foo=x:bar) though.


As long as YANG spec refers to XPath 1.0, it
> must follow its semantics. Extension functions is a mechanism that is
> supported by the (few) existing XPath processors I worked with, and made
> official in XPath 2.0.
> 
> Lada
> 

Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> Phil Shafer wrote:
> >>> Andy Bierman writes:
> >>>> So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
> >>>> it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
> >>>> due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.
> >>> You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
> >>> don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
> >>> they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
> >>> knobs:
> >>>
> >> no -- we went through this all before.
> > 
> > Indeed we did.  And we realized that we will never be able to agree on
> > one model for default handling.  (The current discussion is evidence
> > of that).  So the NETCONF WG is chartered to work on how clients can
> > learn how a server handles defaults.  I don't think we should drop all
> > this just b/c you now favor the 'report-all' mode.
> > 
> 
> fine

Good!  So I guess we can move on now.

Leaving :with-defaults behind us, what is the result from this long
discussion?  Are there any issues around "server-assigned" or "dynamic
defaults" that we need to cover now?


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> Phil Shafer wrote:
>>>>> Andy Bierman writes:
>>>>>> So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
>>>>>> it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
>>>>>> due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.
>>>>> You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
>>>>> don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
>>>>> they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
>>>>> knobs:
>>>>>
>>>> no -- we went through this all before.
>>> Indeed we did.  And we realized that we will never be able to agree on
>>> one model for default handling.  (The current discussion is evidence
>>> of that).  So the NETCONF WG is chartered to work on how clients can
>>> learn how a server handles defaults.  I don't think we should drop all
>>> this just b/c you now favor the 'report-all' mode.
>>>
>> fine
> 
> Good!  So I guess we can move on now.
> 

To the next review round anyway.
IMO the NETCONF protocol is not usable on servers
which refuse to allow the client to retrieve the full
configuration datastore, as specified in RFC 4741.

IMO, such servers are not even compliant because RFC 4741
never says anywhere such filtering is permitted.
The NETCONF RFC only recognizes the existence of
a config=true/false filter, and subtree or XPath filters
to select a subset of the whole datastore.  IMO, the NETMOD WG
is not producing a standard consistent with the existing NETCONF standard.

I don't think the NETCONF protocol as you want it to be
is an improvement over SNMP monitoring.  It was never
too much of a burden for SNMP agents to return the
data the manager requested.  It is harmful to interoperability
to support such low-performance, minimal features in NETCONF monitoring.

There is a huge difference between a default mode
of pruning response data, that the client can override,
and a NETCONF server with an arbitrary set of 'write-only'
nodes in its database.


> Leaving :with-defaults behind us, what is the result from this long
> discussion?  Are there any issues around "server-assigned" or "dynamic
> defaults" that we need to cover now?
> 
> 
> /martin
> 


Andy


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Thu Aug 27 07:50:57 2009
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Andy Bierman píše v Čt 27. 08. 2009 v 07:28 -0700:
> > 
> > Then it's YPath, not XPath. 
> 
> Oh, right. That's a bad thing.
> Officially, we use XPath and support off-the-shelf XML tools.
> I keep forgetting that.

AFAIK, translating a YANG module to DSDL schemas is currently the only
way for validating an XML instance configuration against that module,
including the 'must' conditions etc. This is because off-the-shelf tools
are used.

> 
> So we need to invent some XPath-ish thing nobody else is using,
> instead of a YANG-ish thing nobody else is using, even though
> the 'foo = x:bar' syntax is the most user-friendly we will find?

Writing an extension for libxslt (for example) is much easier than
rewriting the guts.

Lada
 
> 
> YANG users who are not XPath experts
> will not know the difference, or care, and XPath experts
> will not know about the strange encoding in (2) or the new
> function in (3).  They know about (foo=x:bar) though.
> 
> 
> As long as YANG spec refers to XPath 1.0, it
> > must follow its semantics. Extension functions is a mechanism that is
> > supported by the (few) existing XPath processors I worked with, and made
> > official in XPath 2.0.
> > 
> > Lada
> > 
> 
> Andy
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 27 08:59:35 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> Phil Shafer wrote:
>>>>> Andy Bierman writes:
>>>>>> So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
>>>>>> it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
>>>>>> due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.
>>>>> You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
>>>>> don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
>>>>> they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
>>>>> knobs:
>>>>>
>>>> no -- we went through this all before.
>>> Indeed we did.  And we realized that we will never be able to agree on
>>> one model for default handling.  (The current discussion is evidence
>>> of that).  So the NETCONF WG is chartered to work on how clients can
>>> learn how a server handles defaults.  I don't think we should drop all
>>> this just b/c you now favor the 'report-all' mode.
>>>
>> fine
> 
> Good!  So I guess we can move on now.
> 


The reason this is a show-stopper for me is that I incorrectly
assumed that a 'get-exact' (e.g., filter for exact leaf) would
return a value.  It was just another annoying YANG-ism I didn't
like before that.

The justification for this filtering is fatally flawed.
The notion that the operator can look up documentation
that describes what the server *should* be doing is somehow
equivalent to using a monitoring mechanism to find out what
the server *is* doing -- is just incorrect.

If this filtering was just limited to YANG default-stmts,
then it would be fine, but it is not.

  leaf ifMtu {
    // this counts as documentation
    type uint32;
  }


  leaf ifMtu {
     type uint32;
     description
        "Server defaults:
           on the x3100 platform this is set to 1500.
           on the x4100 platform this is set to 1514.
           on the x9100 platform this is set to 1518, unless
           the serial number begins with X222, then the
           default is 9000.  If VLAN encapsulation is
           enabled on the interface, then add the appropriate
           number of bytes (refer to user manual) on these platforms.
           On all other platforms, refer to the chart at
           http://www.example.com/defaults/ifMtu";
   }


Imagine the client needs to get the ifMtu value for
every server, as part of its work.  (If you incorrectly
insist that ifMtu is state data, then imagine a
'config false;' statement in these leafs.)

In NETCONF, every server can decide "I have that information
in my vendor documentation so I am not returning it to you".
Or decide "that leaf isn't one of the leafs a previous
session already set, so you don't need to know its value."

So instead of a simple consistent request-response that
works the same on all implementations of the standard,
there is no standard at all.  The client has no idea what the server
will decide to hide and no way to find out.  To the client code,
the server probably appears not to support that leaf at all.

IMO, the easiest solution is to make with-defaults (report-all)
mandatory-to-implement as part of 4741bis.  RFC 4741 should
be deprecated as soon as 4741-bis is published.


> /martin
> 

Andy

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> >>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >>>> Phil Shafer wrote:
> >>>>> Andy Bierman writes:
> >>>>>> So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
> >>>>>> it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
> >>>>>> due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.
> >>>>> You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
> >>>>> don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
> >>>>> they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
> >>>>> knobs:
> >>>>>
> >>>> no -- we went through this all before.
> >>> Indeed we did.  And we realized that we will never be able to agree on
> >>> one model for default handling.  (The current discussion is evidence
> >>> of that).  So the NETCONF WG is chartered to work on how clients can
> >>> learn how a server handles defaults.  I don't think we should drop all
> >>> this just b/c you now favor the 'report-all' mode.
> >>>
> >> fine
> > 
> > Good!  So I guess we can move on now.
> > 
> 
> 
> The reason this is a show-stopper for me is that I incorrectly
> assumed that a 'get-exact' (e.g., filter for exact leaf) would
> return a value.  It was just another annoying YANG-ism I didn't
> like before that.
> 
> The justification for this filtering is fatally flawed.
> The notion that the operator can look up documentation
> that describes what the server *should* be doing is somehow
> equivalent to using a monitoring mechanism to find out what
> the server *is* doing -- is just incorrect.
> 
> If this filtering was just limited to YANG default-stmts,
> then it would be fine, but it is not.

I am just talking about static defaults, i.e. as defined by the
"default" statement.  You are talking about "dynamic defaults", and -
again - YANG does not have any support for dynamic defaults.  The only
thing YANG specifies is that *if* a leaf has the "default" statement
(static defaults), the server may choose to not send the default.

I don't know what makes you say that it also applies to dynamic
defaults defined in description clauses.  AFAIK we haven't really
discussed this before.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>>>> Phil Shafer wrote:
>>>>>>> Andy Bierman writes:
>>>>>>>> So the server is always capable of returning all leafs that
>>>>>>>> it is using.   All the complexity created for the client
>>>>>>>> due to 'server flexibility' is unwarranted.
>>>>>>> You are missing my point.  When a user looks at configuration, they
>>>>>>> don't want to see the 50 or 100 knobs.  They want to see the ones
>>>>>>> they care about.  Interfaces in JUNOS have literally hundreds of
>>>>>>> knobs:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>> no -- we went through this all before.
>>>>> Indeed we did.  And we realized that we will never be able to agree on
>>>>> one model for default handling.  (The current discussion is evidence
>>>>> of that).  So the NETCONF WG is chartered to work on how clients can
>>>>> learn how a server handles defaults.  I don't think we should drop all
>>>>> this just b/c you now favor the 'report-all' mode.
>>>>>
>>>> fine
>>> Good!  So I guess we can move on now.
>>>
>>
>> The reason this is a show-stopper for me is that I incorrectly
>> assumed that a 'get-exact' (e.g., filter for exact leaf) would
>> return a value.  It was just another annoying YANG-ism I didn't
>> like before that.
>>
>> The justification for this filtering is fatally flawed.
>> The notion that the operator can look up documentation
>> that describes what the server *should* be doing is somehow
>> equivalent to using a monitoring mechanism to find out what
>> the server *is* doing -- is just incorrect.
>>
>> If this filtering was just limited to YANG default-stmts,
>> then it would be fine, but it is not.
> 
> I am just talking about static defaults, i.e. as defined by the
> "default" statement.  You are talking about "dynamic defaults", and -
> again - YANG does not have any support for dynamic defaults.  The only
> thing YANG specifies is that *if* a leaf has the "default" statement
> (static defaults), the server may choose to not send the default.
> 
> I don't know what makes you say that it also applies to dynamic
> defaults defined in description clauses.  AFAIK we haven't really
> discussed this before.
> 


The draft DOES support any notion of a default
any server implementor thinks up.  I completely disagree
that 'any notion of a default' is somehow meta-data.
The draft DOES NOT limit a server to filtering
just leafs with YANG default-stmts.  That's why
it has no standards value for monitoring.

If YANG ignores this topic -- RFC 4741 does not.
It clearly states that the NETCONF server must be able
to return a full configuration database.

> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> The draft DOES support any notion of a default
> any server implementor thinks up.

Can you provide a reference?


/martin

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 27 10:35:43 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> The draft DOES support any notion of a default
>> any server implementor thinks up.
> 
> Can you provide a reference?
> 

no -- because there is no text in the draft that
limits the server to filtering only leafs that
contain the YANG default-stmt value.

If that is how YANG is proposing to alter the NETCONF
protocol, then I approve.

But it isn't.  The proposal is to be silent in the standard
and let the server do whatever it wants.


*******************************************************************
Re-work of a previous solution proposal:

    Let's make 'trim' (*) the default behavior, and force servers
    to implement an optional extension (with-defaults or 4741bis)
    in order to use 'explicit' or even mandatory 'report-all'.

    (*) == where 'trim' only applies to leafs containing
           the YANG default-stmt value
********************************************************************


That is what the 'least-astonishment principle' says to do.
The only leaf type that is safe to omit in all conforming
implementations is one with a YANG default.

If the server advertises ':with-defaults?basic=explicit',
then I have no problem with keeping 'explicit', even though
it is not multi-user friendly.   At least a new client
will be warned and an old client is no worse off than it was before.

But allowing the server to pick some unspecified filtering scheme that
the client cannot discover through the protocol
violates even Phil's First Principles of protocol design.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


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Subject: [netmod] mandatory Re: meaning of config really was meaning of default
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
To: <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
Sent: Thursday, August 27, 2009 10:24 AM
Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of config really was meaning of default


> WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com> wrote:
> > >  .....
> > >  Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree
> > > with Andy and Juergen. (As a
> > >  caveat, I use "means" below to indicate what I think the YANG text
> > > explicitly requires.)
> > >
> > >  1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the
> > > tree, the manager MUST provide a
> > >  value for that item.
> > >
> > >  2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item
> > > will have the explicit value
> > >  given in the default clause in the data model.
> > >  .....
> > >
> > >  Neither one of these assertions is correct.
> > >  Mandatory means the node MUST exist in a valid database,
> > >  and says nothing about client vs. server created.
> >
> > But my impression is the majority talks about mandatory things based
> > on 1) above.
>
> I agree.  This is what mandatory means.

So we do not agree.

Martin, Washam, I think you are saying that a writable leaf with mandatory
substatement
can only have a value set by a client, never by the server/manufacturer side
AND such a leaf need not exist in the data tree,
(Does it have to be NETCONF protocol or would CLI do? fudge that for the moment)
this being the consensus arrived at recently but not yet in the I-D. And, what
the I-D does say, is that such a leaf cannot have a default substatement (and
yes there are also caveats about containers and case)

Andy, I think you are saying that if a writable leaf has a mandatory
substatement
the leaf MUST exist in the data tree, which is how I read the I-D. Also, as the
I-D says, such a leaf cannot have a default substatement (but a value can be set
by server or client).

Lada, I recall you saying you would like to decouple default and mandatory

"Another and IMO simpler option is to decouple mandatory/optional and
default:

1. A leaf is mandatory if it must be present in a valid configuration,
unless it is contained in a container with presence or a choice's case
(these two cases require special handling)."

which sounds similar to Andy.

Tom, I agree with Lada on mandatory (I am not yet into default).

Phil, Juergen, Joel, Per, Balazs, Jon, David, ... I am uncertain where you stand

but I do not see a consensus that mandatory means the first option,
ie that the client/manager must provide the value and that the leaf need not
exist in the data tree.

Tom Petch
>
> /martin
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod


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tom.petch wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> To: <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, August 27, 2009 10:24 AM
> Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of config really was meaning of default
> 
> 
>> WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com> wrote:
>>>>  .....
>>>>  Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree
>>>> with Andy and Juergen. (As a
>>>>  caveat, I use "means" below to indicate what I think the YANG text
>>>> explicitly requires.)
>>>>
>>>>  1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the
>>>> tree, the manager MUST provide a
>>>>  value for that item.
>>>>
>>>>  2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item
>>>> will have the explicit value
>>>>  given in the default clause in the data model.
>>>>  .....
>>>>
>>>>  Neither one of these assertions is correct.
>>>>  Mandatory means the node MUST exist in a valid database,
>>>>  and says nothing about client vs. server created.
>>> But my impression is the majority talks about mandatory things based
>>> on 1) above.
>> I agree.  This is what mandatory means.
> 
> So we do not agree.
> 

This is because the standard is too loosely defined.
Some may say poorly-specified.  Some prefer
the term 'under-specified'.

A good standard is precisely defined, such that
the MUST, SHOULD, MAY semantics as expressed in RFC 21119
can be easily identified by independent implementors.

I think the 100s of emails on these mandatory and default
topics is clear evidence the draft is not standards track
quality yet.

The requirements for mandatory are in 7.6.4 and they
say only that a mandatory leaf MUST exist.  Period.
There is no normative recognition of client-created vs.
server-created anywhere in yang-07 or 4741bis.

Every single reference to a default in yang-07 refers
to these paragraphs (7.6, para 6 & 7)

   If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is set
   to the value of the "default" statement.  Otherwise, if the leaf's
   type has a default value, and the leaf is not mandatory, then the
   leaf's default value is set to the type's default value.  In all
   other cases, the leaf does not have a default value.

   If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
   internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
   instance is created.

There are no other variants of a default anywhere in yang-07 or 4741bis.

There is normative text in 4741 (and 4741bis) that says a server must
be capable of returning a full configuration (note lowercase must though).

I cannot find any normative text in YANG or NETCONF which would lead
anyone to conclude that any other forms of defaults processing
are recognized by the standard.  That means that every and any other form
of defaults filtering is NON-COMPLIANT, AND NOT 'OK'.

The conformance to the :with-defaults capability cannot possibly
alter the contract specified by the 4741 base capability.  That capability
has no support at all for anything other than get/get-config
of subtree filtering. Therefore, all RFC 4741 and 4741bis servers
MUST ONLY use 'with-defaults=report-all'.  The protocol standard does not
contain anything at all that would suggest otherwise.

Perhaps the IESG will be the only ones able to settle this.


Andy


> Martin, Washam, I think you are saying that a writable leaf with mandatory
> substatement
> can only have a value set by a client, never by the server/manufacturer side
> AND such a leaf need not exist in the data tree,
> (Does it have to be NETCONF protocol or would CLI do? fudge that for the moment)
> this being the consensus arrived at recently but not yet in the I-D. And, what
> the I-D does say, is that such a leaf cannot have a default substatement (and
> yes there are also caveats about containers and case)
> 
> Andy, I think you are saying that if a writable leaf has a mandatory
> substatement
> the leaf MUST exist in the data tree, which is how I read the I-D. Also, as the
> I-D says, such a leaf cannot have a default substatement (but a value can be set
> by server or client).
> 
> Lada, I recall you saying you would like to decouple default and mandatory
> 
> "Another and IMO simpler option is to decouple mandatory/optional and
> default:
> 
> 1. A leaf is mandatory if it must be present in a valid configuration,
> unless it is contained in a container with presence or a choice's case
> (these two cases require special handling)."
> 
> which sounds similar to Andy.
> 
> Tom, I agree with Lada on mandatory (I am not yet into default).
> 
> Phil, Juergen, Joel, Per, Balazs, Jon, David, ... I am uncertain where you stand
> 
> but I do not see a consensus that mandatory means the first option,
> ie that the client/manager must provide the value and that the leaf need not
> exist in the data tree.
> 
> Tom Petch
>> /martin
>> _______________________________________________
>> netmod mailing list
>> netmod@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 
> 



From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 14:29:13 2009
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To: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>Hmm, so let me also paste in Juergens text that you replied to:
>
>>... If you plug a PCMCIA network card in your notebook, you will see
>>a suitable MTU - you did not configure it nor is it going to be the
>>same for all possible network cards.
>
>Depending on if the 'default' statement appears inside the model.
>If the model has a default statement and the configuration was
>made using this model, then the device should honor that model's
>default value.
>
>My reading is that if the "mtu" leaf had
>
>  assigned-by system; 
>  default 1500;
>
>"should honor" means that I could rely on MTU being configured to 1500
>(and get-config and <with-defaults>report-all</with-defaults> should
>report the same value).
>
>If this is what you meant, I don't agree.

My "depending in the .. model" applies to Juergen's "not is it
going to be the same" comment.  If the model has a default value,
then that default should be honored.  This is a distinct issue
from 'assigned-by system'.  In fact, mixing defaults (which tell
you how the system will behave if you don't give a value) with
'a-by system' (which tells you the system will assign a value
if you don't) is pointless.  If you don't assign a value, the
default value tell both you and the sytem how it will behave.
No assignment is needed.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 14:29:16 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>If that is how YANG is proposing to alter the NETCONF
>protocol, then I approve.

YANG is not proposing altering the NETCONF protocol.

>That is what the 'least-astonishment principle' says to do.

The "trim" behaviour means you can set a leaf, fetch that leaf, and
get nothing back.  This is hardly least astonishment.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 14:29:16 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>Then it's YPath, not XPath. As long as YANG spec refers to XPath 1.0, it
>must follow its semantics. Extension functions is a mechanism that is
>supported by the (few) existing XPath processors I worked with, and made
>official in XPath 2.0.

This is way too narrow a line to draw.  XSLT uses XPath 1.0 and
manages to add new datatypes (RTF) and functions (even function-available())
without anyone trying to call it "XSLTPath".

Standards are meant to be reused, and this means adapting them to
their new environment.  Defining a "qname" type, with a type-specific
equality operator, does not mean we are severing our connection
with XPath.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 14:29:17 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>  leaf ifMtu {
>     type uint32;
>     description
>        "Server defaults:
>           on the x3100 platform this is set to 1500.
>           on the x4100 platform this is set to 1514.
>           on the x9100 platform this is set to 1518, unless
>           the serial number begins with X222, then the
>           default is 9000.  If VLAN encapsulation is
>           enabled on the interface, then add the appropriate
>           number of bytes (refer to user manual) on these platforms.
>           On all other platforms, refer to the chart at
>           http://www.example.com/defaults/ifMtu";
>   }

Follow you case one step deeper:

    description "defaults:
                    on a type I pic: 1500
                    on a type II pic: 1514
                    on a type III pic: 4096"

Now if I pull a type I pic and insert a type II pic, did my
configuration change?  Heck, no.  This isn't configuration data.
The default value does not belong in the configuration database.
Hot plugging FRUs in my chassis does not change configuration data.

Dynamic defaults are not configuration data.  Can we please move on?

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 14:29:19 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>IMO the NETCONF protocol is not usable on servers
>which refuse to allow the client to retrieve the full
>configuration datastore, as specified in RFC 4741.
>IMO, such servers are not even compliant because RFC 4741
>never says anywhere such filtering is permitted.

You are including default values in your definition of "the full
configuration datastore".  YANG does not.  YANG-based servers are
not refusing to allow any configuration data, but they are not
forcing implementations to consider default values as configuration
data.  Claiming this violates 4741 is baseless.

>I don't think the NETCONF protocol as you want it to be
>is an improvement over SNMP monitoring.

NETCONF is meant for configuration, so claiming that we are not an
improvement over SNMP monitoring is pointless.

>It was never
>too much of a burden for SNMP agents to return the
>data the manager requested.

IMHO this was a weakness of SNMP; real data could not be adequately
separated from fake data.  Would you have archived your configuration
by saving a mibwalk of your snmp tree?  SNMP gave two tools
(get,get-next) and one data structure (key=value), which gave
designer and modelers too few choices.  NETCONF and YANG give far
better tools, mechanisms, and features.  Trying to say "but that's
the way we did it in snmp" won't fly.  The "NG" in "YANG" is
supposed to mean something.

>It is harmful to interoperability
>to support such low-performance, minimal features in NETCONF monitoring.

Not putting well-known, static default values in the configuration
database is harmful to monitoring?  I can't see any credibility to
this claim.

>There is a huge difference between a default mode
>of pruning response data, that the client can override,
>and a NETCONF server with an arbitrary set of 'write-only'
>nodes in its database.

Please point me at the discussion of "an arbitrary set of 'write-only'
nodes".   I don't think anyone has mentioned such.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Andy Bierman writes:
>The draft DOES NOT limit a server to filtering
>just leafs with YANG default-stmts.  That's why
>it has no standards value for monitoring.
>
>If YANG ignores this topic -- RFC 4741 does not.
>It clearly states that the NETCONF server must be able
>to return a full configuration database.

I'm puzzled that you are mixing monitoring with configuration.  How
do you see them overlapping?  Apps that monitor configuration?

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 14:29:24 2009
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Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>Hmm, so let me also paste in Juergens text that you replied to:
>
>>... If you plug a PCMCIA network card in your notebook, you will see
>>a suitable MTU - you did not configure it nor is it going to be the
>>same for all possible network cards.
>
>Depending on if the 'default' statement appears inside the model.
>If the model has a default statement and the configuration was
>made using this model, then the device should honor that model's
>default value.
>
>My reading is that if the "mtu" leaf had
>
>  assigned-by system; 
>  default 1500;
>
>"should honor" means that I could rely on MTU being configured to 1500
>(and get-config and <with-defaults>report-all</with-defaults> should
>report the same value).
>
>If this is what you meant, I don't agree.

My "depending in the .. model" applies to Juergen's "not is it
going to be the same" comment.  If the model has a default value,
then that default should be honored.  This is a distinct issue
from 'assigned-by system'.  In fact, mixing defaults (which tell
you how the system will behave if you don't give a value) with
'a-by system' (which tells you the system will assign a value
if you don't) is pointless.  If you don't assign a value, the
default value tell both you and the sytem how it will behave.
No assignment is needed.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Andy Bierman writes:
>This is because the standard is too loosely defined.
>Some may say poorly-specified.  Some prefer
>the term 'under-specified'.

Google for "why specs matter".

>I think the 100s of emails on these mandatory and default
>topics is clear evidence the draft is not standards track
>quality yet.

I can work with Martin to add suitable words to the draft to eliminate
this confusion.  We thought the wording was straight forward and
direct, but if you believe that we were not sufficiently clear,
that can be corrected.

We can also work up a format proposal for "assigned-by system",
since that seems to be the feature you are lobbying for.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 27 14:43:33 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>>  leaf ifMtu {
>>     type uint32;
>>     description
>>        "Server defaults:
>>           on the x3100 platform this is set to 1500.
>>           on the x4100 platform this is set to 1514.
>>           on the x9100 platform this is set to 1518, unless
>>           the serial number begins with X222, then the
>>           default is 9000.  If VLAN encapsulation is
>>           enabled on the interface, then add the appropriate
>>           number of bytes (refer to user manual) on these platforms.
>>           On all other platforms, refer to the chart at
>>           http://www.example.com/defaults/ifMtu";
>>   }
> 
> Follow you case one step deeper:
> 
>     description "defaults:
>                     on a type I pic: 1500
>                     on a type II pic: 1514
>                     on a type III pic: 4096"
> 
> Now if I pull a type I pic and insert a type II pic, did my
> configuration change?  Heck, no.  This isn't configuration data.
> The default value does not belong in the configuration database.
> Hot plugging FRUs in my chassis does not change configuration data.
> 
> Dynamic defaults are not configuration data.  Can we please move on?
> 

You are only proving that the client needs to retrieve this
leaf from the server, whether its config or not.
Any standard that pretends looking this up in the vendor
documentation is better than just returning the stupid number
is a joke.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> IMO the NETCONF protocol is not usable on servers
>> which refuse to allow the client to retrieve the full
>> configuration datastore, as specified in RFC 4741.
>> IMO, such servers are not even compliant because RFC 4741
>> never says anywhere such filtering is permitted.
> 
> You are including default values in your definition of "the full
> configuration datastore".  YANG does not.  YANG-based servers are
> not refusing to allow any configuration data, but they are not
> forcing implementations to consider default values as configuration
> data.  Claiming this violates 4741 is baseless.
> 


It's OK if we keep the leafs that contain the YANG default-stmt
value out of the database.

Then you agree that every other config leaf is part of the database.
That is what the draft says -- we all agree on that.

The only definition YANG has for a configuration node
is if the config-stmt value is set to true.
We all agree on that.

So, all YANG nodes where the config-stmt is set to true
are part of the database.  Yet we don't seem to agree on that.

Therefore, all leafs that contain a value other than the
YANG default-stmt value MUST be returned by the server.
We don't seem to agree on that either.

I'd like you to point to the normative text in YANG-07 that
supports any other server behavior for defaults besides
omitting leafs containing their YANG default-stmt value.



> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 


Andy

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 15:03:36 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>So, all YANG nodes where the config-stmt is set to true
>are part of the database.  Yet we don't seem to agree on that.

"YANG nodes" are not part of the database.  YANG nodes are metadata.
They describe the data that can appear in the database and the
constraints placed against the data.

If my YANG modules says the following:

   leaf foo {
       type string;
    }

and I perform the following operation:

    <edit-config>
      ...
      <config>
         ...
         <foo>yes<foo>
   ...

then I have just added foo to the database.  foo is in the database
with the value of "yes".  If I fetch it, I will get the value "yes".

If I then perform the following operation:

    <edit-config>
      ...
      <config>
         ...
         <foo delete="delete">yes<foo>
   ...

then I have deleted foo from the database.  If is no longer
part of the database.  If I fetch it, it will not be there.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 27 15:22:29 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> So, all YANG nodes where the config-stmt is set to true
>> are part of the database.  Yet we don't seem to agree on that.
> 
> "YANG nodes" are not part of the database.  YANG nodes are metadata.
> They describe the data that can appear in the database and the
> constraints placed against the data.
> 
> If my YANG modules says the following:
> 

Let's focus on what the standard says.
It clearly says that any instance of a leaf
where config-stmt=true, in which the value
is not set to the YANG-specified default
value, is part of the database.

This has to be true because all these nodes are
part of the database validation procedures.

YANG has no concept of a node which is
config=false if the server sets it but config=true
if the client sets it.  That is non-standard.

I strongly disagree with this interpretation of
a standard NETCONF configuration database.
The draft clearly says that any node statically
defined as config=true is retrievable with
the get-config operation (unless it is set to the YANG default).

I don't see any support in the standard for the
:explicit with-defaults filtering scheme at all.
YANG only recognizes with-defaults=trim.

The with-defaults draft should just add :report-all,
and drop :explicit.  It is not part of the standard
and should stay that way.


Andy


>    leaf foo {
>        type string;
>     }
> 
> and I perform the following operation:
> 
>     <edit-config>
>       ...
>       <config>
>          ...
>          <foo>yes<foo>
>    ...
> 
> then I have just added foo to the database.  foo is in the database
> with the value of "yes".  If I fetch it, I will get the value "yes".
> 
> If I then perform the following operation:
> 
>     <edit-config>
>       ...
>       <config>
>          ...
>          <foo delete="delete">yes<foo>
>    ...
> 
> then I have deleted foo from the database.  If is no longer
> part of the database.  If I fetch it, it will not be there.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 


From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 20:31:57 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>I don't see any support in the standard for the
>:explicit with-defaults filtering scheme at all.
>YANG only recognizes with-defaults=trim.

The draft says:

    A NETCONF server that replies to a <get> or <get-config> request MAY
    choose not to send the leaf element if its value is the default
    value.  Thus, a client that receives an <rpc-reply> for a <get> or
    <get-config> request, MUST be prepared to handle the case that a leaf
    node with a default value is not present in the XML.  In this case,
    the value used by the server is known to be the default value.

These words are meant to allow both the "explicit" and the "trim"
styles, since the server's removal of data nodes whose value is the
default value is optional.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Thu Aug 27 21:11:46 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> I don't see any support in the standard for the
>> :explicit with-defaults filtering scheme at all.
>> YANG only recognizes with-defaults=trim.
> 
> The draft says:
> 
>     A NETCONF server that replies to a <get> or <get-config> request MAY
>     choose not to send the leaf element if its value is the default
>     value.  Thus, a client that receives an <rpc-reply> for a <get> or
>     <get-config> request, MUST be prepared to handle the case that a leaf
>     node with a default value is not present in the XML.  In this case,
>     the value used by the server is known to be the default value.
> 
> These words are meant to allow both the "explicit" and the "trim"
> styles, since the server's removal of data nodes whose value is the
> default value is optional.
> 

This is where I strongly disagree.
The NETCONF WG deferred specification of the content
layer to the NETMOD WG.  The NETMOD WG is developing
that YANG language, which has a specific definition
of a default (7.6, para 5).  That means the standard
NETCONF content layer for YANG modules has a specific definition
of a default.

It also has a specific definition of a mandatory node
and a configuration node.
OK -- now you got me typing ASCII art...


            +------------------------------------------------------+
            |                 <NETCONF server>                     |
            |   +----------------------------------------------+   |
            |   | <config database for validation and XPath>   |   |
            |   |                                              |   |
            |   |  +--------------------+   +---------------+  |   |
            |   |  | <config database>  |   |  <default>    |  |   |
            |   |  |  config true;      |   |  config true; |  |   |
            |   |  |  no default-stmt   |   | value set to  |  |   |
            |   |  |  or value != to    |   | default-stmt  |  |   |
            |   |  |  default-stmt      |   | per sec. 7.6  |  |   |
            |   |  +--------------------+   +---------------+  |   |
            |   |                                              |   |
            |   +----------------------------------------------+   |
            |                                                      |
            |   +------------------+   +---------------------+     |
            |   |  <state data>    |   | <notification data> |     |
            |   |  config false;   |   |   <rpc operations>  |     |
            |   +------------------+   *---------------------+     |
            |                                                      |
            +------------------------------------------------------+

IMO, this is what the standard has specified in it today.
If this doesn't work for some reason, then the correct
action in a SDO is to make the standard say what you mean,
not what you just kinda hope it means.  Stuff not specified in the
standard is non-standard.

If the server can synthesize the value of a leaf for the purposes
of validation and XPath, that it can do the same for the
purposes of retrieval.  How the server returns the
entire <config database> portion is just another implementation
detail that is irrelevant to our standards discussion.

This issue also has nothing to do with monitoring.
It has to do with operator requirements:

>From RFC 3535, section 3:

   2.  It is necessary to make a clear distinction between configuration
       data, data that describes operational state and statistics.  Some
       devices make it very hard to determine which parameters were
       administratively configured and which were obtained via other
       mechanisms such as routing protocols.

   3.  It is required to be able to fetch separately configuration data,
       operational state data, and statistics from devices, and to be
       able to compare these between devices.

   6.  Given configuration A and configuration B, it should be possible
       to generate the operations necessary to get from A to B with
       minimal state changes and effects on network and systems.  It is
       important to minimize the impact caused by configuration changes.

I do not think pruning by any other means than leaf=default-stmt-value
is clearly defined in the YANG draft, and the NETMOD WG is failing
to meet these 3 operator requirements, if the standard permits anything
else.

> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

From phil@juniper.net  Thu Aug 27 22:25:06 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Andy Bierman writes:
>If the server can synthesize the value of a leaf for the purposes
>of validation and XPath, that it can do the same for the
>purposes of retrieval.

We've traveled this road before.  The issue isn't that the server
cannot supply default values, it's that it should not supply them.
They are not interesting to most clients, nor are they worth the
effort or bandwidth.  Then you claim that this is needed for clients
that can't read the YANG module, and I reply that we are not writing
YANG modules so that clients can ignore them, and that there are
other important bits of meta-data in the module that any client
will need (keys, mandatory, parents, unique, etc).  Eventually
we say that the with-default capability can handle this if people
want to implement it, so let's let the marketplace decide.

>From RFC 3535, section 3:

(2) is covered by "config true/false".
(3) is covered by <get-configuration>
(6) is covered by xml diff

In 3535, I read a very strong "don't do what snmp did" message.  We
aren't taking a GDMO-like approach.  We are following a simpler,
non-object-based, CLI-like approach.  I've used this approach for
years under JUNOS and it continues to perform well in real-world
scenarios with real-world customers.  I think we hit every point
on every list contained in 3535.

But again, this is a repeat of many previous emails.  We aren't
moving the discussion along and aren't sorting things out or
clarifying issues.  These should all be FAQs by now, and we should
be pointing at the previously published answers.

Thanks,
 Phil

From Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com  Thu Aug 27 23:35:52 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] mandatory Re: meaning of config really was meaning of	default
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Hi,
 
>  Martin, Washam, I think you are saying that a writable leaf with mandatory
>  substatement
>  can only have a value set by a client, never by the 
> server/manufacturer side
>  AND such a leaf need not exist in the data tree,

no, that is not I was saying, such a leaf DOES exist in the data tree.

>  (Does it have to be NETCONF protocol or would CLI do? fudge that for 
> the moment)

Except top-level mandatory leafs, all mandatory leafs should be set by
client via NETCONF. top-level mandatory leafs might be pre-loaded or 
initialised via CLI. In this regard, the mandantory definition seems broken,
I admit.

>  this being the consensus arrived at recently but not yet in the I-D. 
> And, what
>  the I-D does say, is that such a leaf cannot have a default 
> substatement (and
>  yes there are also caveats about containers and case)

No default at all for mandatory leafs, they MUST be explicitly set whatever
server or client did it.

washam


From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Thu Aug 27 23:55:29 2009
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From: Juergen Schoenwaelder <j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 06:56:35PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >But then server-assigned or assigned-by system is not telling the
> >truth since I can assign by client as well... No, I do not have a good
> >proposal (yet).
> 
> "assigned-by system" means that the value for this leaf _can_ be
> assigned by the system, if one is not provided.  If one is provided,
> the system will not assign one and the leaf will be treated like
> normal configuration data.

I understand the intended semantics. My point was that the proposed
syntax can be easily misread.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 00:39:05 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> If the server can synthesize the value of a leaf for the purposes
>> of validation and XPath, that it can do the same for the
>> purposes of retrieval.
> 
> We've traveled this road before.  The issue isn't that the server
> cannot supply default values, it's that it should not supply them.


Again -- it is up to the client to decide what
the client wants to retrieve, not the server.

Again -- documentation for what the server should contain
is not the same as retrieval of the data that the server actually contains.
Documentation is purely optional in YANG anyway.

The operators at the IAB workshop clearly asked
for a retrieval mechanism for all types of NM data.
Nobody at that meeting asked for an opportunity
to practice looking up vendor documentation
as a substitute for a retrieval mechanism.



> They are not interesting to most clients, nor are they worth the
> effort or bandwidth.  Then you claim that this is needed for clients
> that can't read the YANG module, and I reply that we are not writing
> YANG modules so that clients can ignore them, and that there are
> other important bits of meta-data in the module that any client
> will need (keys, mandatory, parents, unique, etc).  Eventually
> we say that the with-default capability can handle this if people
> want to implement it, so let's let the marketplace decide.
> 
>>From RFC 3535, section 3:
> 
> (2) is covered by "config true/false".

then why do you think a node is config=false
if the server sets it but config=true if the
client set it?  That is not specified
anywhere in the draft.


> (3) is covered by <get-configuration>
> (6) is covered by xml diff
> 

XML diff is incomplete unless you have the
whole database.

The draft has no text at all that defines
your notion of a NETCONF database.
It just has a static mandatory true/false
and a static default-stmt.


> In 3535, I read a very strong "don't do what snmp did" message.  We
> aren't taking a GDMO-like approach.  We are following a simpler,
> non-object-based, CLI-like approach.  I've used this approach for
> years under JUNOS and it continues to perform well in real-world
> scenarios with real-world customers.  I think we hit every point
> on every list contained in 3535.
> 

You want to take a huge step backward.
We figured out 25 years ago that a consistent
device data retrieval mechanism was far more useful
than "looking up what the number should be" in
some offline documentation.

That's not going back to SNMP.
It's going back to pre-SNMP, pre-SGMP, pre-historic.


> But again, this is a repeat of many previous emails.  We aren't
> moving the discussion along and aren't sorting things out or
> clarifying issues.  These should all be FAQs by now, and we should
> be pointing at the previously published answers.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 01:04:05 2009
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Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
> >Then it's YPath, not XPath. As long as YANG spec refers to XPath 1.0, it
> >must follow its semantics. Extension functions is a mechanism that is
> >supported by the (few) existing XPath processors I worked with, and made
> >official in XPath 2.0.
> 
> This is way too narrow a line to draw.  XSLT uses XPath 1.0 and
> manages to add new datatypes (RTF) and functions (even function-available())
> without anyone trying to call it "XSLTPath".
> 
> Standards are meant to be reused, and this means adapting them to
> their new environment.  Defining a "qname" type, with a type-specific
> equality operator, does not mean we are severing our connection
> with XPath.

Even if you are right, I think it would be a much bigger effort to
introduce a 'qname' type, than adding a new function.

(and I don't believe you are right - the XPath spec clearly allows you
to define new functions, but it does not say anything about new types)


/martin

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 01:28:33 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> The draft DOES support any notion of a default
> >> any server implementor thinks up.
> > 
> > Can you provide a reference?
> > 
> 
> no -- because there is no text in the draft that
> limits the server to filtering only leafs that
> contain the YANG default-stmt value.

But a dynamic default means that it is a value that the server
operationally uses if the leaf *is not present in the config*.  So
since it is not present in the config, the server will not return it
in a get-config.  This does not mean that the server filters it out -
how can it filter out something that isn't even there?

> If that is how YANG is proposing to alter the NETCONF
> protocol, then I approve.

YANG does not alter NETCONF.

> But it isn't.  The proposal is to be silent in the standard
> and let the server do whatever it wants.

Would it help if we add text that says that a server MUST send all
nodes that the client asks for, if he has access, except if the
'default' statement is present on a leaf?

> *******************************************************************
> Re-work of a previous solution proposal:
> 
>     Let's make 'trim' (*) the default behavior, and force servers
>     to implement an optional extension (with-defaults or 4741bis)
>     in order to use 'explicit' or even mandatory 'report-all'.
> 
>     (*) == where 'trim' only applies to leafs containing
>            the YANG default-stmt value
> ********************************************************************

The current text allows servers to do 'trim', 'explicit' or
'report-all'.  I do not want to change that.

> The only leaf type that is safe to omit in all conforming
> implementations is one with a YANG default.
> 
> If the server advertises ':with-defaults?basic=explicit',
> then I have no problem with keeping 'explicit', even though
> it is not multi-user friendly.   At least a new client
> will be warned and an old client is no worse off than it was before.
> 
> But allowing the server to pick some unspecified filtering scheme that
> the client cannot discover through the protocol
> violates even Phil's First Principles of protocol design.

AFAIK, no one has suggested that we should allow servers to do unspecified
filtering mechanisms.


/martin

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 01:45:11 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] mandatory Re: meaning of config really was meaning of default
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"tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com> wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Martin Bjorklund" <mbj@tail-f.com>
> To: <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
> Cc: <netmod@ietf.org>
> Sent: Thursday, August 27, 2009 10:24 AM
> Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of config really was meaning of default
> 
> 
> > WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com> wrote:
> > > >  .....
> > > >  Maybe my addition will just add confusion, although I beleive I agree
> > > > with Andy and Juergen. (As a
> > > >  caveat, I use "means" below to indicate what I think the YANG text
> > > > explicitly requires.)
> > > >
> > > >  1) Mandatory means that if a manager is writing that part of the
> > > > tree, the manager MUST provide a
> > > >  value for that item.
> > > >
> > > >  2) Default means that if no manager has not set the item, the item
> > > > will have the explicit value
> > > >  given in the default clause in the data model.
> > > >  .....
> > > >
> > > >  Neither one of these assertions is correct.
> > > >  Mandatory means the node MUST exist in a valid database,
> > > >  and says nothing about client vs. server created.
> > >
> > > But my impression is the majority talks about mandatory things based
> > > on 1) above.
> >
> > I agree.  This is what mandatory means.
> 
> So we do not agree.
> 
> Martin, Washam, I think you are saying that a writable leaf with mandatory
> substatement
> can only have a value set by a client, never by the
> server/manufacturer side

No, b/c I want to allow "pre-loaded" data, and other scenarios as well
where the server-side creates data.  What I mean might be easiest
explained with an example:  suppose the list 'foo' has a mandatory
leaf 'bar'.  Now, if the client creates a new foo entry, it MUST
provide a value for 'bar' to make the config valid.  If this is an
edit-config towards running, 'bar' MUST be present in the same
edit-config.  If it was towards the shared candidate, *someone* MUST
set 'bar' before commit.

Now, if we had 'assigned-by-server', and a leaf 'baz' was marked with
this, the client knows that it does not need to provide a value, since
the server will pick one if necessary.   If the server picked one, it
will be present in the config data store, just as if the client set
it.  (If we introduce 'assigned-by-server', we can debate over whether
the server MUST or MAY set a value...)

> AND such a leaf need not exist in the data tree,

Such a leaf absolutely exist in the data tree!

> (Does it have to be NETCONF protocol or would CLI do? fudge that for the
> moment)

No it is important to get the words right here so we don't exclude
e.g. CLI users.

> this being the consensus arrived at recently but not yet in the I-D. And, what
> the I-D does say, is that such a leaf cannot have a default substatement (and
> yes there are also caveats about containers and case)

This still applies of course.



/martin

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 04:38:07 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> The draft DOES support any notion of a default
>>>> any server implementor thinks up.
>>> Can you provide a reference?
>>>
>> no -- because there is no text in the draft that
>> limits the server to filtering only leafs that
>> contain the YANG default-stmt value.
> 
> But a dynamic default means that it is a value that the server
> operationally uses if the leaf *is not present in the config*.  So
> since it is not present in the config, the server will not return it
> in a get-config.  This does not mean that the server filters it out -
> how can it filter out something that isn't even there?
> 

There is no dynamic default in the YANG standard that I know about.
Please point out which page that is defined.


>> If that is how YANG is proposing to alter the NETCONF
>> protocol, then I approve.
> 
> YANG does not alter NETCONF.
> 

BS

>> But it isn't.  The proposal is to be silent in the standard
>> and let the server do whatever it wants.
> 

Where is this specified in the standard.


> Would it help if we add text that says that a server MUST send all
> nodes that the client asks for, if he has access, except if the
> 'default' statement is present on a leaf?

yes

> 
>> *******************************************************************
>> Re-work of a previous solution proposal:
>>
>>     Let's make 'trim' (*) the default behavior, and force servers
>>     to implement an optional extension (with-defaults or 4741bis)
>>     in order to use 'explicit' or even mandatory 'report-all'.
>>
>>     (*) == where 'trim' only applies to leafs containing
>>            the YANG default-stmt value
>> ********************************************************************
> 
> The current text allows servers to do 'trim', 'explicit' or
> 'report-all'.  I do not want to change that.
> 


No it does not.

The draft defines a default in sec. 7.6.
The draft says everything except this default
is a node in the database (if config=true).

There is no mention anywhere in the standard about
anything related to server-created vs. client-created.
Please point out which section in the draft specifies
this behavior.


>> The only leaf type that is safe to omit in all conforming
>> implementations is one with a YANG default.
>>
>> If the server advertises ':with-defaults?basic=explicit',
>> then I have no problem with keeping 'explicit', even though
>> it is not multi-user friendly.   At least a new client
>> will be warned and an old client is no worse off than it was before.
>>
>> But allowing the server to pick some unspecified filtering scheme that
>> the client cannot discover through the protocol
>> violates even Phil's First Principles of protocol design.
> 
> AFAIK, no one has suggested that we should allow servers to do unspecified
> filtering mechanisms.
> 

I claim that the only behavior included in the
standard is that behavior actually specified in the standard.

You claim YANG supports 'explicit' type defaults filtering,
but there isn't any text in the draft to suggest this is true.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy



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Subject: Re: [netmod] identityref and XPath
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net> wrote:
>> Ladislav Lhotka writes:
>>> Then it's YPath, not XPath. As long as YANG spec refers to XPath 1.0, it
>>> must follow its semantics. Extension functions is a mechanism that is
>>> supported by the (few) existing XPath processors I worked with, and made
>>> official in XPath 2.0.
>> This is way too narrow a line to draw.  XSLT uses XPath 1.0 and
>> manages to add new datatypes (RTF) and functions (even function-available())
>> without anyone trying to call it "XSLTPath".
>>
>> Standards are meant to be reused, and this means adapting them to
>> their new environment.  Defining a "qname" type, with a type-specific
>> equality operator, does not mean we are severing our connection
>> with XPath.
> 
> Even if you are right, I think it would be a much bigger effort to
> introduce a 'qname' type, than adding a new function.
> 
> (and I don't believe you are right - the XPath spec clearly allows you
> to define new functions, but it does not say anything about new types)
> 

I think a new function is the best way to go,
but Lada is correct that there are more types
than just identityref that embed XML prefixes into literals.

   - instance-identifier
   - identityref
   - xpath1.0 (ietf-yang-types)
   - qname (unsupported)


> 
> /martin

Andy

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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:


I want to be precise:

If the draft clearly defined exactly how an 'explicit' filter
is identified in YANG, and exactly how it affects the NETCONF
protocol, then it is not a problem because then it would be specified
in the standard.

The operators at the NM workshop were fairly
clear about 3 types of data (config, state,
and statistics), although these terms are never defined in RFC 3535.

Our model has 2 states (config=true/false).

Maybe the model needs more work.


Andy

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 05:44:19 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Wed, Aug 26, 2009 at 06:56:35PM +0200, Phil Shafer wrote:
>> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
>>> But then server-assigned or assigned-by system is not telling the
>>> truth since I can assign by client as well... No, I do not have a good
>>> proposal (yet).
>> "assigned-by system" means that the value for this leaf _can_ be
>> assigned by the system, if one is not provided.  If one is provided,
>> the system will not assign one and the leaf will be treated like
>> normal configuration data.
> 
> I understand the intended semantics. My point was that the proposed
> syntax can be easily misread.

I don't think I understand all the intended semantics.

When the modeling language clearly distinguishes and supports this list,
then it will be ready for prime-time:

   - pure config, such as an ACL
   - combined config and state, such as if-mtu
   - combined config and state, such as static and learned routes
   - pure statistics, such as ifInOctets


> 
> /js
> 

Andy

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 05:44:27 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> >>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >>>> The draft DOES support any notion of a default
> >>>> any server implementor thinks up.
> >>> Can you provide a reference?
> >>>
> >> no -- because there is no text in the draft that
> >> limits the server to filtering only leafs that
> >> contain the YANG default-stmt value.
> > 
> > But a dynamic default means that it is a value that the server
> > operationally uses if the leaf *is not present in the config*.  So
> > since it is not present in the config, the server will not return it
> > in a get-config.  This does not mean that the server filters it out -
> > how can it filter out something that isn't even there?
> > 
> 
> There is no dynamic default in the YANG standard that I know about.
> Please point out which page that is defined.

This is leading nowhere.  But see (*) below.


> >> If that is how YANG is proposing to alter the NETCONF
> >> protocol, then I approve.
> > 
> > YANG does not alter NETCONF.
> > 
> 
> BS

If this really is what you believe, I suggest you start a new thread
where you identify which portion of NETCONF that YANG alters, and
how.

> >> But it isn't.  The proposal is to be silent in the standard
> >> and let the server do whatever it wants.
> > 
> 
> Where is this specified in the standard.

Do you realize that you comment on your own statement?


> > Would it help if we add text that says that a server MUST send all
> > nodes that the client asks for, if he has access, except if the
> > 'default' statement is present on a leaf?
> 
> yes

(*)  Ok.  If we add something like this, are there still any issues left
(regarding defaults)?


> >> *******************************************************************
> >> Re-work of a previous solution proposal:
> >>
> >>     Let's make 'trim' (*) the default behavior, and force servers
> >>     to implement an optional extension (with-defaults or 4741bis)
> >>     in order to use 'explicit' or even mandatory 'report-all'.
> >>
> >>     (*) == where 'trim' only applies to leafs containing
> >>            the YANG default-stmt value
> >> ********************************************************************
> > 
> > The current text allows servers to do 'trim', 'explicit' or
> > 'report-all'.  I do not want to change that.
> > 
> 
> 
> No it does not.

Here is the proposed updated text on the leaf's default:

7.6.1.  The leaf's default value

   The default value of a leaf is the value that the server uses if no
   value has been explicitly set.  The usage of the default value
   depends on the type of the leaf's closest ancestor node in the schema
   tree which is not a non-presence container:

   o  If no such ancestor exists in the schema tree, the default value
      MUST be used.

   o  Otherwise, if this ancestor is a case node, the default value MUST
      be used if any node from the case exists in the data tree, or if
      the case node is the choice's default case, and no nodes from any
      other case exist in the data tree.

   o  Otherwise, the default value MUST be used if the ancestor node
      exists in the data tree.

   In the cases where the default value MUST be used, the server MUST
   operationally behave as is if the leaf was present in the data tree
   with the default value as its value.

   If a leaf has a "default" statement, the leaf's default value is the
   value of the "default" statement.  Otherwise, if the leaf's type has
   a default value, and the leaf is not mandatory, then the leaf's
   default value is the type's default value.  In all other cases, the
   leaf does not have a default value.

> You claim YANG supports 'explicit' type defaults filtering,
> but there isn't any text in the draft to suggest this is true.

The text above states that the default value is used if no value has
been set.  So 'explicit' is not filtering, since it just means that if
no value has been set, nothing is returned.

'trim' is supported by the text in 7.6.5:

   A NETCONF server that replies to a <get> or <get-config> request MAY
   choose not to send the leaf element if its value is the default
   value. 

> There is no mention anywhere in the standard about
> anything related to server-created vs. client-created.
> Please point out which section in the draft specifies
> this behavior.

I have never said that the draft talks about server-created vs.
client-created.  Joel pointed out that we need to write text about it,
or introduce something like assigned-by-system.


/martin

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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> I think a new function is the best way to go,
> but Lada is correct that there are more types
> than just identityref that embed XML prefixes into literals.
> 
>    - instance-identifier
>    - identityref

It might make sense to be able to test these two types for equality,
so maybe we should add:

   is-identity(node, str)
   is-instance-identifier(node, str)

>    - xpath1.0 (ietf-yang-types)

Unless we have a mechanism for adding new XPath functions (hint, hint
;) then there will always be new types that cannot be compared
properly with standard XPath.  For this particular type, I don't think
it is a problem that it cannot be compared.


/martin

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On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 02:26:03PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> The operators at the NM workshop were fairly
> clear about 3 types of data (config, state,
> and statistics), although these terms are never defined in RFC 3535.
> 
> Our model has 2 states (config=true/false).
> 
> Maybe the model needs more work.

This is what I believe. Since we do not really know how to relate
operational state to config data, we are getting into trouble to deal
with things like the MTU of an interface - which in most cases is
really just operational state of an interface, but you can still
configure it if there is a need (and in most cases you do not care).
The same goes for the difference between /etc/sysctl.conf and sysctl
-a. For debugging, I need sysctl -a and not so much sysctl.conf, which
I like to keep short. (Sorry for those on Windows. ;-)

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 06:54:07 2009
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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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(I am not sure how the text below from Martin relates to later notes 
from Martin, but I am sending my comments in case there is still an 
argument for non-instantiated dynamic defaults.)

Assuming that the value (the dynamic default value) under discussion 
matters,
defining a structure for the system in such a way that the managing 
application can not determine what the managed device is doing seems broken.

There are multiple ways to define things that avoid such brokenness.

We can define that the system just does not allow that (dynamic 
defaults).  (I will admit that this seems unlike to be a good choice.)

We can define that when the system uses such a value, it is effectively 
creating the node in the config.  Given that the system inherently does 
know what value it is using, it can provide it.

Or we can describe this "dynamic defaults" case, and say that it should 
be represented by having a pair of nodes, one config=true representing 
what has been configured and one config=false representing what the 
system has chosen to do.  We can leave the relationship between these 
two to the description clause for new.

Personally, it had never occurred to me that one would have invisible 
values in the controlling set of values.  I was disagreeing with Andy 
about some things because I simply could not get my head around the 
description Martin provides below of a value that is set by the system, 
depending upon system situation / characteristics, but is not present in 
the observable set of information.

Yours,
Joel M. Halpern

Martin Bjorklund wrote:
...
> But a dynamic default means that it is a value that the server
> operationally uses if the leaf *is not present in the config*.  So
> since it is not present in the config, the server will not return it
> in a get-config.  This does not mean that the server filters it out -
> how can it filter out something that isn't even there?
> 
...

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 07:05:14 2009
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Subject: [netmod] dynamic defaults (was: Configuration nodes)
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Hi Joel,

I think this is a good starting point for a discussion about dynamic
defaults. 

As input to the discussion, consider this leaf from the IPFIX module:

    leaf sourceIpAddress { 
      type inet:ip-address; 
      must "../transportProtocol=udp";
      description "Sets source IP address if UDP is transport 
        protocol. If omitted, the IP address assigned to the
        outgoing interface is used.";
    }

I think that this leaf matches my definition of dynamic default.  Do
we want to make this illegal in some way?  Andy previously said that
he did not want to make it illegal.

If we look at Andy's 11 generic questions, in this particular case,
they do not apply (it is not part of a must expression, no unique, and
so on), so it does not seem harmful to have this leaf legal.


/martin



"Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
> (I am not sure how the text below from Martin relates to later notes from
> Martin, but I am sending my comments in case there is still an argument for
> non-instantiated dynamic defaults.)
> 
> Assuming that the value (the dynamic default value) under discussion matters,
> defining a structure for the system in such a way that the managing application
> can not determine what the managed device is doing seems broken.
> 
> There are multiple ways to define things that avoid such brokenness.
> 
> We can define that the system just does not allow that (dynamic defaults).  (I
> will admit that this seems unlike to be a good choice.)
> 
> We can define that when the system uses such a value, it is effectively
> creating the node in the config.  Given that the system inherently does know
> what value it is using, it can provide it.
> 
> Or we can describe this "dynamic defaults" case, and say that it should be
> represented by having a pair of nodes, one config=true representing what has
> been configured and one config=false representing what the system has chosen to
> do.  We can leave the relationship between these two to the description clause
> for new.
> 
> Personally, it had never occurred to me that one would have invisible values in
> the controlling set of values.  I was disagreeing with Andy about some things
> because I simply could not get my head around the description Martin provides
> below of a value that is set by the system, depending upon system situation /
> characteristics, but is not present in the observable set of information.
> 
> Yours,
> Joel M. Halpern
> 
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> ...
> > But a dynamic default means that it is a value that the server
> > operationally uses if the leaf *is not present in the config*.  So
> > since it is not present in the config, the server will not return it
> > in a get-config.  This does not mean that the server filters it out -
> > how can it filter out something that isn't even there?
> > 
> ...
> 

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 07:20:39 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] dynamic defaults
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The example you cite is crisply on the edge of the knife.
I find the if_mtu example to be much clearer for understanding how to 
handle things.

But, to use this example, I probably end up saying that it is permitted, 
but for a different reason than you want.  I don't think that is 
actually a dynamic default at all.
As far as I can tell, what that says is that when the packet is going to 
be sent, when the system finally decides what outgoing interface will be 
used, it will pick a source IP address that is suitable.
The reason that that is not a dynamic default is that the semantics are 
such that I really can not ask the system "what value will you use for 
this" because the system really does not know.  There is no "default" 
computed dynamically.  There is an actual value used, when the time 
comes to use a value.

To try to generalize this example, there probably are information items 
which conceptually have a value, and where the value can be set by an 
operator (a management application, a client), but where it is not 
meaningful to ask the system "what is the value for this" when one has 
not been set.  That's fine.  That means the system works without setting 
that value, and other parts of the system will do their job.  (Heck, 
ping variants where the system is expected to pick a random value when 
it sends the message.  I would not expect to be able to ask in advance 
"what random value will you pick?")

In contrast, every interface really has to have an MTU.  If one is not 
provided by the operator, then the system will have to pick one.  Given 
that the system will pick one, the managing system has to be able to ask 
the question "what value did you pick."  If the value is not being 
defined by a default clause, then when the system picks a value it MUST 
appear in the configuration or operational state data.

Yours,
Joel

Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Hi Joel,
> 
> I think this is a good starting point for a discussion about dynamic
> defaults. 
> 
> As input to the discussion, consider this leaf from the IPFIX module:
> 
>     leaf sourceIpAddress { 
>       type inet:ip-address; 
>       must "../transportProtocol=udp";
>       description "Sets source IP address if UDP is transport 
>         protocol. If omitted, the IP address assigned to the
>         outgoing interface is used.";
>     }
> 
> I think that this leaf matches my definition of dynamic default.  Do
> we want to make this illegal in some way?  Andy previously said that
> he did not want to make it illegal.
> 
> If we look at Andy's 11 generic questions, in this particular case,
> they do not apply (it is not part of a must expression, no unique, and
> so on), so it does not seem harmful to have this leaf legal.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 
> 
> 
> "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
>> (I am not sure how the text below from Martin relates to later notes from
>> Martin, but I am sending my comments in case there is still an argument for
>> non-instantiated dynamic defaults.)
>>
>> Assuming that the value (the dynamic default value) under discussion matters,
>> defining a structure for the system in such a way that the managing application
>> can not determine what the managed device is doing seems broken.
>>
>> There are multiple ways to define things that avoid such brokenness.
>>
>> We can define that the system just does not allow that (dynamic defaults).  (I
>> will admit that this seems unlike to be a good choice.)
>>
>> We can define that when the system uses such a value, it is effectively
>> creating the node in the config.  Given that the system inherently does know
>> what value it is using, it can provide it.
>>
>> Or we can describe this "dynamic defaults" case, and say that it should be
>> represented by having a pair of nodes, one config=true representing what has
>> been configured and one config=false representing what the system has chosen to
>> do.  We can leave the relationship between these two to the description clause
>> for new.
>>
>> Personally, it had never occurred to me that one would have invisible values in
>> the controlling set of values.  I was disagreeing with Andy about some things
>> because I simply could not get my head around the description Martin provides
>> below of a value that is set by the system, depending upon system situation /
>> characteristics, but is not present in the observable set of information.
>>
>> Yours,
>> Joel M. Halpern
>>
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>> ...
>>> But a dynamic default means that it is a value that the server
>>> operationally uses if the leaf *is not present in the config*.  So
>>> since it is not present in the config, the server will not return it
>>> in a get-config.  This does not mean that the server filters it out -
>>> how can it filter out something that isn't even there?
>>>
>> ...
>>
> 

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 07:29:25 2009
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Martin Bjorklund writes:
>(and I don't believe you are right - the XPath spec clearly allows you
>to define new functions, but it does not say anything about new types)

XSLT defined the new type:

http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt#section-Result-Tree-Fragments

    11.1 Result Tree Fragments

    Variables introduce an additional data-type into the expression
    language. This additional data type is called result tree
    fragment. A variable may be bound to a result tree fragment
    instead of one of the four basic XPath data-types (string,
    number, boolean, node-set). A result tree fragment represents
    a fragment of the result tree. A result tree fragment is treated
    equivalently to a node-set that contains just a single root
    node. However, the operations permitted on a result tree fragment
    are a subset of those permitted on a node-set. ....

I'm assuming that no one at w3c would contend that xslt is broken
in it's use of xpath.  I think this is a stable precedent that
we can safely follow with risk of heresy.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 07:34:24 2009
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To: Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com>
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Date: Fri, 28 Aug 2009 10:13:43 -0400
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Andy Bierman writes:
>If the draft clearly defined exactly how an 'explicit' filter
>is identified in YANG, and exactly how it affects the NETCONF
>protocol, then it is not a problem because then it would be specified
>in the standard.

NETCONF does not have 'explicit' filters.  YANG does not add
them.  What YANG says is:

    A NETCONF server that replies to a <get> or <get-config> request MAY
    choose not to send the leaf element if its value is the default
    value.  Thus, a client that receives an <rpc-reply> for a <get> or
    <get-config> request, MUST be prepared to handle the case that a leaf
    node with a default value is not present in the XML.  In this case,
    the value used by the server is known to be the default value.

This allows the server to either set leaf elements if the value is
the default value (which the with-default draft calls explicit) or
to choose not to send such elements (which the with-defaults draft
calls trim).

Thanks,
 Phil

From saperia@jdscons.com  Fri Aug 28 07:35:45 2009
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On Aug 28, 2009, at 10:20 AM, Joel M. Halpern wrote:

> The example you cite is crisply on the edge of the knife.
> I find the if_mtu example to be much clearer for understanding how  
> to handle things.
>
> But, to use this example, I probably end up saying that it is  
> permitted, but for a different reason than you want.  I don't think  
> that is actually a dynamic default at all.
> As far as I can tell, what that says is that when the packet is  
> going to be sent, when the system finally decides what outgoing  
> interface will be used, it will pick a source IP address that is  
> suitable.
> The reason that that is not a dynamic default is that the semantics  
> are such that I really can not ask the system "what value will you  
> use for this" because the system really does not know.  There is no  
> "default" computed dynamically.  There is an actual value used, when  
> the time comes to use a value.
>
> To try to generalize this example, there probably are information  
> items which conceptually have a value, and where the value can be  
> set by an operator (a management application, a client), but where  
> it is not meaningful to ask the system "what is the value for this"  
> when one has not been set.  That's fine.  That means the system  
> works without setting that value, and other parts of the system will  
> do their job.  (Heck, ping variants where the system is expected to  
> pick a random value when it sends the message.  I would not expect  
> to be able to ask in advance "what random value will you pick?")
>
> In contrast, every interface really has to have an MTU.  If one is  
> not provided by the operator, then the system will have to pick  
> one.  Given that the system will pick one, the managing system has  
> to be able to ask the question "what value did you pick."  If the  
> value is not being defined by a default clause, then when the system  
> picks a value it MUST appear in the configuration or operational  
> state data.

Joel, this is an important part of what I was asking about.  I am not  
sure how people would call it but it [the MTU in your example] must be  
retrievable from the system.
/jon
>
> Yours,
> Joel
>
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>> Hi Joel,
>> I think this is a good starting point for a discussion about dynamic
>> defaults. As input to the discussion, consider this leaf from the  
>> IPFIX module:
>>    leaf sourceIpAddress {       type inet:ip-address;       must  
>> "../transportProtocol=udp";
>>      description "Sets source IP address if UDP is  
>> transport         protocol. If omitted, the IP address assigned to  
>> the
>>        outgoing interface is used.";
>>    }
>> I think that this leaf matches my definition of dynamic default.  Do
>> we want to make this illegal in some way?  Andy previously said that
>> he did not want to make it illegal.
>> If we look at Andy's 11 generic questions, in this particular case,
>> they do not apply (it is not part of a must expression, no unique,  
>> and
>> so on), so it does not seem harmful to have this leaf legal.
>> /martin
>> "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
>>> (I am not sure how the text below from Martin relates to later  
>>> notes from
>>> Martin, but I am sending my comments in case there is still an  
>>> argument for
>>> non-instantiated dynamic defaults.)
>>>
>>> Assuming that the value (the dynamic default value) under  
>>> discussion matters,
>>> defining a structure for the system in such a way that the  
>>> managing application
>>> can not determine what the managed device is doing seems broken.
>>>
>>> There are multiple ways to define things that avoid such brokenness.
>>>
>>> We can define that the system just does not allow that (dynamic  
>>> defaults).  (I
>>> will admit that this seems unlike to be a good choice.)
>>>
>>> We can define that when the system uses such a value, it is  
>>> effectively
>>> creating the node in the config.  Given that the system inherently  
>>> does know
>>> what value it is using, it can provide it.
>>>
>>> Or we can describe this "dynamic defaults" case, and say that it  
>>> should be
>>> represented by having a pair of nodes, one config=true  
>>> representing what has
>>> been configured and one config=false representing what the system  
>>> has chosen to
>>> do.  We can leave the relationship between these two to the  
>>> description clause
>>> for new.
>>>
>>> Personally, it had never occurred to me that one would have  
>>> invisible values in
>>> the controlling set of values.  I was disagreeing with Andy about  
>>> some things
>>> because I simply could not get my head around the description  
>>> Martin provides
>>> below of a value that is set by the system, depending upon system  
>>> situation /
>>> characteristics, but is not present in the observable set of  
>>> information.
>>>
>>> Yours,
>>> Joel M. Halpern
>>>
>>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> ...
>>>> But a dynamic default means that it is a value that the server
>>>> operationally uses if the leaf *is not present in the config*.  So
>>>> since it is not present in the config, the server will not return  
>>>> it
>>>> in a get-config.  This does not mean that the server filters it  
>>>> out -
>>>> how can it filter out something that isn't even there?
>>>>
>>> ...
>>>
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
>


From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 07:46:17 2009
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Hi Joel,

Here's another example that we have used before:

    leaf hold-time {
        mandatory true;
        type int32;
    }
    list group {
        key 'name';
        leaf name {
            type string;
        }
        leaf hold-time {
            type int32;
            description
               "If not set, the value of ../../hold-time is used";
        }
    }

Would this (group/hold-time) be a dynamic default?  Would it be legal?


/martin

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 08:01:04 2009
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"Joel M. Halpern" writes:
>I would not expect to be able to ask in advance 
>"what random value will you pick?")

Nor after ("what random value did you pick for my last ping?").

>In contrast, every interface really has to have an MTU.  If one is not 
>provided by the operator, then the system will have to pick one.  Given 
>that the system will pick one, the managing system has to be able to ask 
>the question "what value did you pick."  If the value is not being 
>defined by a default clause, then when the system picks a value it MUST 
>appear in the configuration or operational state data.

For MTU, the system chooses a value when the configuration does not
specify one and no default in specified in the model.  This value
is not configuration data, since it doesn't persist and the hot
plugging of a new interface may lead the system to choose a new
value.  So this "value in use" would clearly be operational data.

We've traditionally said that operational data was the realm of the
great and all-powerful <get> operation, and left it at that.
Currently, nothing is said about what <get> returns or how it works
except for the ominously all-powerful (and unwise) comment in NETCONF
7.7:

   Parameters:
      filter:
         This parameter specifies the portion of the system
         configuration and state data to retrieve.  If this parameter is
         empty, all the device configuration and state information is
         returned.

I hate to think of what such a <get> operation would do to a
fully-populated core router.

But maybe it's time to start defining how <get> works.  Or to create
a new (perhaps less contriversial) operation like <get-operational-data>
that retrieves operational data for YANG modules.

I would be against the "dual leaf" scheme, where "leaf mtu" requires
a config=false twin "mtu-right-now", since this means twice the
work with no relationship between the two leaves.

On the other hand, the set of values supported by config and
operational leafs may not be proper subsets.  "auto" is a fine value
for "duplex" for configuration data, but not for operational data.

My question would be does this issue need sorted out now, or can
we delay it and publish YANG as a solution for configuration data,
since configuration data puts the CONF in NETCONF?  Or are we
required to boil all the oceans at once?

Thanks,
 Phil

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Andy Bierman writes:
>then why do you think a node is config=false
>if the server sets it but config=true if the
>client set it?  That is not specified
>anywhere in the draft.

Please let me know where I've said anything like this so I can
correct myself.  I have no recollection of saying anything to silly.

>You want to take a huge step backward.

No, I've developed something that people are actually using for
automation in major ISPs every day.  This is a huge step forward,
and was not hindered at all by its CLI-like mechanism of handling
defaults.  This is the style that ISPs are used to.  They like it
and use it daily.  I'm still trying to find a vendor that fully
populates their user-visible configuration data with default values.
I can't imagine operators sitting still for this.

I work hard to make configuration data smaller, simpler, and better
organized, so that users can see the important bits and are not
distracted by the noise.  A config populated with default values
would be worthless.  Hundreds of lines of stuff I don't care about?
The first feature request will be to turn off default values.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 08:14:08 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> If the draft clearly defined exactly how an 'explicit' filter
>> is identified in YANG, and exactly how it affects the NETCONF
>> protocol, then it is not a problem because then it would be specified
>> in the standard.
> 
> NETCONF does not have 'explicit' filters.  YANG does not add
> them.  What YANG says is:
> 
>     A NETCONF server that replies to a <get> or <get-config> request MAY
>     choose not to send the leaf element if its value is the default
>     value.  Thus, a client that receives an <rpc-reply> for a <get> or
>     <get-config> request, MUST be prepared to handle the case that a leaf
>     node with a default value is not present in the XML.  In this case,
>     the value used by the server is known to be the default value.
> 
> This allows the server to either set leaf elements if the value is
> the default value (which the with-default draft calls explicit) or
> to choose not to send such elements (which the with-defaults draft
> calls trim).


I already agree that a server does not have to send a leaf
when it is set to its default value.   YANG defines that to
be to value in the default-stmt.


Now that we agree what YANG supports, we can move on right?

The text you quoted supports MY case, not yours.

The text above ONLY refers to the YANG default-stmt.

Leafs that are equal to the YANG default-stmt are defaults.

If we write YANG DEFAULT-STMT, will that be any clearer to you?


> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Fri Aug 28 08:15:50 2009
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Phil Shafer píše v Pá 28. 08. 2009 v 10:07 -0400:
> Martin Bjorklund writes:
> >(and I don't believe you are right - the XPath spec clearly allows you
> >to define new functions, but it does not say anything about new types)
> 
> XSLT defined the new type:

Well, you can assign a result tree fragment (RTF) to a XSLT variable.
But if you want to use RTF in XPath expressions in a sensible way (i.e.
not as a string), you have to use an extension function - for instance,
exsl:node-set from EXSLT makes a nodeset out of RTF.

BTW, result tree fragments are gone in XPath 2.0.

But this is IMO not that important. We can of course extend and redefine
XPath 1.0 in any way, provided the definition is sound and complete.
This could serve well human readers of YANG modules that implement the
constraints directly in their code. However, from the viewpoint of
automated validation using off-the-shelf tools, there are three levels
of compatibility:

1. YANG XPath expressions are directly usable, or after a  
   transformation. This is what we have now and that's why the mapping 
   to Schematron works out of the box (except for instance-identifier 
   type, which also needs an extension function).

2. YANG XPath expressions use extension functions. Such extensions have 
   to be implemented in every XPath processor we want to use. This is 
   extra work but there is usually a well documented API.

3. Everything else requires substantial rewrite and the benefit of 
   an off-the-shelf tool is essentially lost.

Lada

> 
> http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt#section-Result-Tree-Fragments
> 
>     11.1 Result Tree Fragments
> 
>     Variables introduce an additional data-type into the expression
>     language. This additional data type is called result tree
>     fragment. A variable may be bound to a result tree fragment
>     instead of one of the four basic XPath data-types (string,
>     number, boolean, node-set). A result tree fragment represents
>     a fragment of the result tree. A result tree fragment is treated
>     equivalently to a node-set that contains just a single root
>     node. However, the operations permitted on a result tree fragment
>     are a subset of those permitted on a node-set. ....
> 
> I'm assuming that no one at w3c would contend that xslt is broken
> in it's use of xpath.  I think this is a stable precedent that
> we can safely follow with risk of heresy.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 08:23:37 2009
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Yes it is legal.
I would suggest calling the second hold-time "configured-hold-time", 
largely to avoid naming confusion for humans (but clearly that naming 
change is irrelevant to the question at hand.)

There is an operational subtlety which affects what the model needs to 
represent.
At t0 the hold-time mandatory leaf is 10.
A group is created, an entry, with a name, and no hold time.
So it uses 10 as its hold time.

Now, if someone changes the mandatory leaf value to 20, does the hold 
time for the entry change?  If yes, then what we have is an 
unrepresented semantic relationship, which is inevitable some of the time.
If the answer is no, then we have different situation.  If the hold time 
for a group element is actually set by the system when the entry is 
created, and is set to the then-current mandatory hold-time, and does 
not track the other value, then the system is really creating the 
hold-time in the group list.  If so, when I get that entry later, it 
better come back with the actual value that the system is using for that 
entry.

And I can not tell from your description clause which of the two cases 
you intend.   Which relates to the problem that some folks will always 
write bad models, no matter what we tell them.  But we have to give them 
enough information in the standard that they have a hope of writing good 
ones.

Yes, I think we need to figure out what we mean, and say it clearly. 
Otherwise, the odds are that folks will do the wrong thing.

It is unfortunate but absolutely inevitable that sometimes tool writers 
will have to look at the real semantics, not just the semantics 
represented by the YANG, and write code for that.  We should not 
willfully create cases where that has to happen.  But we should not 
pretend we can completely avoid it either.

Yours,
Joel

Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Hi Joel,
> 
> Here's another example that we have used before:
> 
>     leaf hold-time {
>         mandatory true;
>         type int32;
>     }
>     list group {
>         key 'name';
>         leaf name {
>             type string;
>         }
>         leaf hold-time {
>             type int32;
>             description
>                "If not set, the value of ../../hold-time is used";
>         }
>     }
> 
> Would this (group/hold-time) be a dynamic default?  Would it be legal?
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 08:32:04 2009
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"Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
> Yes it is legal.

> There is an operational subtlety which affects what the model needs to
> represent.
> At t0 the hold-time mandatory leaf is 10.
> A group is created, an entry, with a name, and no hold time.
> So it uses 10 as its hold time.
> 
> Now, if someone changes the mandatory leaf value to 20, does the hold time for
> the entry change?  If yes, then what we have is an unrepresented semantic
> relationship, which is inevitable some of the time.
> If the answer is no, then we have different situation.  If the hold time for a
> group element is actually set by the system when the entry is created, and is
> set to the then-current mandatory hold-time, and does not track the other
> value, then the system is really creating the hold-time in the group list.  If
> so, when I get that entry later, it better come back with the actual value that
> the system is using for that entry.
> 
> And I can not tell from your description clause which of the two cases you
> intend.

I intended the first case.

So would you call this a dynamic default?

Could you provide an example of something that you would like to make
illegal.

I am trying to understand what sort of changes - if any - we need to
do to the YANG draft.  From you latest emails, it seems as if the
problem is more on the designer of the data model.


/martin

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 08:45:27 2009
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The case I would make illegal is any case where
the system uses a value for a node if one is not specified
that value is not the default value for the node
that value is not simply a dynamic reference to the current value of 
some other well defined node
and that value can not be accessed by fetching the node itself.

In other words, if the value is not set, and the system is using well 
defined value (not one generated at need and discarded), then there has 
to be a reasonable way to get that value.  Reasonable ways include the 
default statement, and a tractable, even if defined in the description 
clause, reference to another node.  Or getting that node itself.
(If we want to complicate our life, we could define a default-reference 
statement which had a leafref to where that linked default comes from. 
But that is something we can consider for later.)

So, the illegal list includes the second interpretation of your case. 
It also includes the if_mtu when the system sets an "appropriate" mtu if 
one is not provided.

Yours,
Joel

Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
>> Yes it is legal.
> 
>> There is an operational subtlety which affects what the model needs to
>> represent.
>> At t0 the hold-time mandatory leaf is 10.
>> A group is created, an entry, with a name, and no hold time.
>> So it uses 10 as its hold time.
>>
>> Now, if someone changes the mandatory leaf value to 20, does the hold time for
>> the entry change?  If yes, then what we have is an unrepresented semantic
>> relationship, which is inevitable some of the time.
>> If the answer is no, then we have different situation.  If the hold time for a
>> group element is actually set by the system when the entry is created, and is
>> set to the then-current mandatory hold-time, and does not track the other
>> value, then the system is really creating the hold-time in the group list.  If
>> so, when I get that entry later, it better come back with the actual value that
>> the system is using for that entry.
>>
>> And I can not tell from your description clause which of the two cases you
>> intend.
> 
> I intended the first case.
> 
> So would you call this a dynamic default?
> 
> Could you provide an example of something that you would like to make
> illegal.
> 
> I am trying to understand what sort of changes - if any - we need to
> do to the YANG draft.  From you latest emails, it seems as if the
> problem is more on the designer of the data model.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 02:26:03PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> The operators at the NM workshop were fairly
>> clear about 3 types of data (config, state,
>> and statistics), although these terms are never defined in RFC 3535.
>>
>> Our model has 2 states (config=true/false).
>>
>> Maybe the model needs more work.
> 
> This is what I believe. Since we do not really know how to relate
> operational state to config data, we are getting into trouble to deal
> with things like the MTU of an interface - which in most cases is
> really just operational state of an interface, but you can still
> configure it if there is a need (and in most cases you do not care).
> The same goes for the difference between /etc/sysctl.conf and sysctl
> -a. For debugging, I need sysctl -a and not so much sysctl.conf, which
> I like to keep short. (Sorry for those on Windows. ;-)
> 

There is no support in YANG for a node that
changes back and forth between config=true and false.
Since the get and get-config filters are tied to
the YANG config-stmt, this would impact the protocol
behavior.

YANG has no concept of a node that never needs to be
retrieved unless some client session in the past has
already explicitly set the node (possibly to the same
value it already had).

I think Joel, myself and others are saying,
"Ifa leaf instance has a value other than its YANG default-stmt value,
then it MUST be retrievable."

Working backwards a little bit, why do we want this
new classification?  What protocol operations are
we trying to support?  Is it just with-defaults=explicit
(returning only the leafs already set by some client)?

Because this violates the 'must-be-retrievable' requirement
for leafs not equal to the YANG default-stmt value.
What benefit does the YANG data modeler get out of a
new classification?  Same question for the operator?



> /js
> 


Andy



From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 09:07:06 2009
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Joel M. Halpern wrote:
> The case I would make illegal is any case where
> the system uses a value for a node if one is not specified
> that value is not the default value for the node
> that value is not simply a dynamic reference to the current value of
> some other well defined node
> and that value can not be accessed by fetching the node itself.
> 
> In other words, if the value is not set, and the system is using well
> defined value (not one generated at need and discarded), then there has
> to be a reasonable way to get that value.  Reasonable ways include the
> default statement, and a tractable, even if defined in the description
> clause, reference to another node.  Or getting that node itself.
> (If we want to complicate our life, we could define a default-reference
> statement which had a leafref to where that linked default comes from.
> But that is something we can consider for later.)
> 

I find this to be much less operationally useful
than the standards-value level we have already achieved with
data retrieval through SNMP.

There is no way to ever enforce the concept: 'defined in the
description clause'.  As somebody who has spent so many years
authoring and reviewing MIB modules, I should be happy
with all the trust and faith you people are showing in
external out-of-band user documentation.  In my experience
of writing DESCRIPTION clauses and implementing SNMP agents,
the description clause is rarely complete, and often plain
wrong about some detail or another.

It sounds like you want standards-based application programming
programmers to stop relying on the operational data
the program receives via protocol retrieval from the exact server
instance that is being managed, and instead write software
that parses and analyzes description clauses, written to cover
every instance of every server implementation.

Even though the documentation may be wrong, incomplete,
and the server may have bugs as well.

I am not as trusting as you.
All non-trivial programs have bugs in them.
All non-trivial user manuals have bugs in them.
Just assuming this cannot happen is a non-starter.

> So, the illegal list includes the second interpretation of your case. It
> also includes the if_mtu when the system sets an "appropriate" mtu if
> one is not provided.
> 
> Yours,
> Joel
> 

Andy

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Hi Joel,

The most important reason that data retrieval within
the protocol is so important is that server implementations
will vary from the documentation in unpredictable ways, over time.

Even for a vendor MIB, the longer a MIB module has been published,
the more platforms have implemented it in slightly different ways.
There may be valid reasons, such as more HW/system resources
to consider than the generalized DESCRIPTION clause considers,
or new HW/protocols/etc. that make the DESCRIPTION clause obsolete
for that platform with that HW installed.

Often, there is no valid reason, just lazy programming or an honest mistake.
But the motive for the bug makes no difference to the client.

Within no time at all, the DESCRIPTION clause is hopelessly incomplete,
and it will stay that way.

There is no reason to believe that NETCONF server implementations
and YANG description statements will be any different.


Andy

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Fri Aug 28 09:30:07 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 05:45:51PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> > On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 02:26:03PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
> >  
> >> The operators at the NM workshop were fairly
> >> clear about 3 types of data (config, state,
> >> and statistics), although these terms are never defined in RFC 3535.
> >>
> >> Our model has 2 states (config=true/false).
> >>
> >> Maybe the model needs more work.
> > 
> > This is what I believe. Since we do not really know how to relate
> > operational state to config data, we are getting into trouble to deal
> > with things like the MTU of an interface - which in most cases is
> > really just operational state of an interface, but you can still
> > configure it if there is a need (and in most cases you do not care).
> > The same goes for the difference between /etc/sysctl.conf and sysctl
> > -a. For debugging, I need sysctl -a and not so much sysctl.conf, which
> > I like to keep short. (Sorry for those on Windows. ;-)
> > 
> 
> There is no support in YANG for a node that
> changes back and forth between config=true and false.
> Since the get and get-config filters are tied to
> the YANG config-stmt, this would impact the protocol
> behavior.

Did I say this anywhere? I said "we do not really know how to relate
operational state to config data". Some people believe this can be
solved by making all "relevant" operational state data config data.  I
doubt this works. Think of IP routing tables that contain configured
routes and OSPF routes - how does the data model for this look like?
Think about 802.1 bridges with learned and statically configured
forwarding base entries. We have this all over the place and right now
we have no receipe how to deal with this. While we could duplicate all
definitions (config=true and config=false), I doubt that this solution
will scale well.

> YANG has no concept of a node that never needs to be
> retrieved unless some client session in the past has
> already explicitly set the node (possibly to the same
> value it already had).

A config node that does not exist just does not exist. Still
operational state can exist that determines the behaviour of a
device. Why is it so complicated to see the difference?

> Because this violates the 'must-be-retrievable' requirement
> for leafs not equal to the YANG default-stmt value.
> What benefit does the YANG data modeler get out of a
> new classification?  Same question for the operator?

I find the

  if (value == default_value) skip;

logic not convincing. I am clearly with Phil here. If a client
configures a value, it is part of the config regardless of the value
configured.

But we are not making any progress here.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 09:57:00 2009
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 05:45:51PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>> Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
>>> On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 02:26:03PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>>>  
>>>> The operators at the NM workshop were fairly
>>>> clear about 3 types of data (config, state,
>>>> and statistics), although these terms are never defined in RFC 3535.
>>>>
>>>> Our model has 2 states (config=true/false).
>>>>
>>>> Maybe the model needs more work.
>>> This is what I believe. Since we do not really know how to relate
>>> operational state to config data, we are getting into trouble to deal
>>> with things like the MTU of an interface - which in most cases is
>>> really just operational state of an interface, but you can still
>>> configure it if there is a need (and in most cases you do not care).
>>> The same goes for the difference between /etc/sysctl.conf and sysctl
>>> -a. For debugging, I need sysctl -a and not so much sysctl.conf, which
>>> I like to keep short. (Sorry for those on Windows. ;-)
>>>
>> There is no support in YANG for a node that
>> changes back and forth between config=true and false.
>> Since the get and get-config filters are tied to
>> the YANG config-stmt, this would impact the protocol
>> behavior.
> 
> Did I say this anywhere? I said "we do not really know how to relate
> operational state to config data". Some people believe this can be
> solved by making all "relevant" operational state data config data.  I
> doubt this works. Think of IP routing tables that contain configured
> routes and OSPF routes - how does the data model for this look like?
> Think about 802.1 bridges with learned and statically configured
> forwarding base entries. We have this all over the place and right now
> we have no receipe how to deal with this. While we could duplicate all
> definitions (config=true and config=false), I doubt that this solution
> will scale well.
> 


The oper/admin status or static/learned route
semantics are done in pairs, to avoid the 3rd state you are trying
to formulate.  Or there is an ad-hoc boolean leaf in
the data model to tell them apart.

E.g., the static routes are clearly configuration, and
can be mixed with the learned routes added by the server.
The client and server know in an ad-hoc manner
which will be saved in NV-storage and which will not.

I think you are on the right track for a robust solution,
which is to codify this in a database property somehow.
IMO, this has to be a complete model, that does not
contain any gaps.


>> YANG has no concept of a node that never needs to be
>> retrieved unless some client session in the past has
>> already explicitly set the node (possibly to the same
>> value it already had).
> 
> A config node that does not exist just does not exist. Still
> operational state can exist that determines the behaviour of a
> device. Why is it so complicated to see the difference?
> 

I agree with you, but I consider a configuration object
to be a node in which a client can directly alter the value.
An instance of a configuration object can be created by either
the server or the client.  But even if the server sets the
leaf first, it is still config.

I don't like the with-defaults=explicit at all,
because it assumes the description statement is complete and correct.

I also don't like any data retrieval filtering mechanism unless
the client initiates and controls the filtering.


>> Because this violates the 'must-be-retrievable' requirement
>> for leafs not equal to the YANG default-stmt value.
>> What benefit does the YANG data modeler get out of a
>> new classification?  Same question for the operator?
> 
> I find the
> 
>   if (value == default_value) skip;
> 
> logic not convincing. I am clearly with Phil here. If a client
> configures a value, it is part of the config regardless of the value
> configured.
> 
> But we are not making any progress here.
> 
> /js
> 

Andy

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 10:19:18 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>> On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 05:45:51PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>>> There is no support in YANG for a node that
>>> changes back and forth between config=true and false.
>>> Since the get and get-config filters are tied to
>>> the YANG config-stmt, this would impact the protocol
>>> behavior.

Joel pointed out that my words could have been confusing you.  I
in no way am talking about a leaf that "changes back and forth
between config=true and false".

Consider this example: the "mtu" leaf is configuration data.  If
it's set to a value, that value is part of the configuration data.
If it is not set, the system will use a value for that leaf, but
not set it in the configuration database.  We currently lack a
mechanism for retrieving this "mtu-right-now" value, but I am not
proposing the the "mtu" leaf fade in and out of "config=true"-ness.
 
>I don't like the with-defaults=explicit at all,
>because it assumes the description statement is complete and correct.

I don't follow this linkage at all.  Keeping explicitly created
values for configuration data is not linked with description
statements.  This can be implemented for modules that don't
contain any description statements at all.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Andy Bierman writes:
>Phil Shafer wrote:
>> Andy Bierman writes:
>>> If the draft clearly defined exactly how an 'explicit' filter
>>> is identified in YANG, and exactly how it affects the NETCONF
>>> protocol, then it is not a problem because then it would be specified
>>> in the standard.
>> 
>> NETCONF does not have 'explicit' filters.  YANG does not add
>> them.  What YANG says is:
>> 
>>     A NETCONF server that replies to a <get> or <get-config> request MAY
>>     choose not to send the leaf element if its value is the default
>>     value.  Thus, a client that receives an <rpc-reply> for a <get> or
>>     <get-config> request, MUST be prepared to handle the case that a leaf
>>     node with a default value is not present in the XML.  In this case,
>>     the value used by the server is known to be the default value.
>> 
>> This allows the server to either set leaf elements if the value is
>> the default value (which the with-default draft calls explicit) or
>> to choose not to send such elements (which the with-defaults draft
>> calls trim).
>
>
>I already agree that a server does not have to send a leaf
>when it is set to its default value.   YANG defines that to
>be to value in the default-stmt.

But YANG also allows me to record that a leaf was set to a value
and return that value even if it is the default value.

If the default value is "3" and the user sets it to "3", then I
will still have "3" in my configuration database and will return
it if an app fetches my configuration data.  If the value is not
set explicitly, then I will return nothing.  This behavior is
permitted under the YANG spec.

Thanks,
 Phil

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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>>> On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 05:45:51PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>>>> There is no support in YANG for a node that
>>>> changes back and forth between config=true and false.
>>>> Since the get and get-config filters are tied to
>>>> the YANG config-stmt, this would impact the protocol
>>>> behavior.
> 
> Joel pointed out that my words could have been confusing you.  I
> in no way am talking about a leaf that "changes back and forth
> between config=true and false".
> 
> Consider this example: the "mtu" leaf is configuration data.  If
> it's set to a value, that value is part of the configuration data.
> If it is not set, the system will use a value for that leaf, but
> not set it in the configuration database.  We currently lack a
> mechanism for retrieving this "mtu-right-now" value, but I am not
> proposing the the "mtu" leaf fade in and out of "config=true"-ness.
>  

You are just proposing that a node that is config=true
can be ignored by the <get-config> operation, even if the
client has no way to know the server is going to do this.

The reason that filter='trim' is OK is that it
is transparent to the contract implied by the YANG module.
This is a critical concept.

In essence, omitting a leaf from a retrieval request
that contains its YANG default-stmt value
(which MUST be 1 exact valid value for the data type),
is just a shorthand way of returning a leaf with
its YANG default-stmt value.

This is only possible because the YANG default-stmt is
a MUST implement for servers.

>> I don't like the with-defaults=explicit at all,
>> because it assumes the description statement is complete and correct.
> 
> I don't follow this linkage at all.  Keeping explicitly created
> values for configuration data is not linked with description
> statements.  This can be implemented for modules that don't
> contain any description statements at all.
> 

exactly -- even worse.

We all agree that only actual instances of a leaf object
matter here.  The whole premise behind filter='explicit'
is that the client does not need to know the server
selected values of these instances because the exact
value the server has selected is described somehow in
the optional-to-use user documentation.

The client is still responsible for knowing all these values
when it comes to editing the database and conforming to all the
must/min/max/unique/create/delete constraints defined for the
instances that are not retrievable.

IMO, that's a big problem.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


From cfinss@dial.pipex.com  Fri Aug 28 10:41:35 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] mandatory Re: meaning of config really was meaning ofdefault
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---- Original Message ----- 
From: "WashamFan" <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
Sent: Friday, August 28, 2009 8:35 AM

> >  Martin, Washam, I think you are saying that a writable leaf with mandatory
> >  substatement
> >  can only have a value set by a client, never by the 
> > server/manufacturer side
> >  AND such a leaf need not exist in the data tree,
> 
> no, that is not I was saying, such a leaf DOES exist in the data tree.
> 
> >  (Does it have to be NETCONF protocol or would CLI do? fudge that for 
> > the moment)
> 
> Except top-level mandatory leafs, all mandatory leafs should be set by
> client via NETCONF. top-level mandatory leafs might be pre-loaded or 
> initialised via CLI. In this regard, the mandantory definition seems broken,
> I admit.

I see a further problem if, as I think you are saying, there will be leafs
in the data tree with mandatory=true which only the client can set, to whit,

a) Mandatory true means (at least for some leafs) that the application 
MUST supply the values

b) Therefore the manufacturer cannot ship values for such a leaf in
the initial configuration

c) A device can only advertise, in 'hello', modules with valid values

d) But the device cannot set values for a mandatory leaf and so
a module with a mandatory leaf can never be valid at initial boot.

e) Therefore the device can never advertise a module with a mandatory
leaf in it, and the application can never know that the device supports it.

f) Hence the application can never set a mandatory leaf.

Um

Tom Petch


> >  this being the consensus arrived at recently but not yet in the I-D. 
> > And, what
> >  the I-D does say, is that such a leaf cannot have a default 
> > substatement (and
> >  yes there are also caveats about containers and case)
> 
> No default at all for mandatory leafs, they MUST be explicitly set whatever
> server or client did it.
> 
> washam
>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 10:59:13 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> Phil Shafer wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman writes:
>>>> If the draft clearly defined exactly how an 'explicit' filter
>>>> is identified in YANG, and exactly how it affects the NETCONF
>>>> protocol, then it is not a problem because then it would be specified
>>>> in the standard.
>>> NETCONF does not have 'explicit' filters.  YANG does not add
>>> them.  What YANG says is:
>>>
>>>     A NETCONF server that replies to a <get> or <get-config> request MAY
>>>     choose not to send the leaf element if its value is the default
>>>     value.  Thus, a client that receives an <rpc-reply> for a <get> or
>>>     <get-config> request, MUST be prepared to handle the case that a leaf
>>>     node with a default value is not present in the XML.  In this case,
>>>     the value used by the server is known to be the default value.
>>>
>>> This allows the server to either set leaf elements if the value is
>>> the default value (which the with-default draft calls explicit) or
>>> to choose not to send such elements (which the with-defaults draft
>>> calls trim).
>>
>> I already agree that a server does not have to send a leaf
>> when it is set to its default value.   YANG defines that to
>> be to value in the default-stmt.
> 
> But YANG also allows me to record that a leaf was set to a value
> and return that value even if it is the default value.
> 
> If the default value is "3" and the user sets it to "3", then I
> will still have "3" in my configuration database and will return
> it if an app fetches my configuration data.  If the value is not
> set explicitly, then I will return nothing.  This behavior is
> permitted under the YANG spec.
> 

so what.
You don't have to use the shorthand if you don't want.

IMO, the safest approach is to use report-all with good filters.

It all comes down to how many assumptions the operator
wants to make about network conditions.

When everything is working great, then making lots of assumptions
about the current state of the system is probably OK.

But when reality starts conflicting with one or more assumptions,
you can either choose to pretend the system is still functioning
fine, or you can diagnose the problem, including verification of
your assumptions.  It doesn't matter if you run the HR dept.
at a large corporation or you are the only sysadmin for
your own little home network,  this "systems rule" still applies.


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy


From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 11:12:23 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Phil,
    I am missing something basic.
    Why, when the system fills in a value that is not the "default", do 
you think it is helpful and important that the value not appear as a 
node in the config tree?  Is your concern that this will result in an 
overcrowded config tree?  (I understand wanting a shorter tree that does 
not have explicit default values.  I understand that such a tree is MUCH 
larger than desired.)
    Yours,
    Joel

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 13:20:33 2009
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"Joel M. Halpern" writes:
>    Why, when the system fills in a value that is not the "default", do 
>you think it is helpful and important that the value not appear as a 
>node in the config tree?

I want to make sure we're discussing the same issue, so let's
separate the "defaults are not config data" issue from the "system
fills in a value" issue.

If the system creates configuration data, then that leaf/value is
real configuration data, and it MUST be treated as such.  It will
exist in the configuration database until it is removed.

For example, if my model for users has a uid leaf that the system
will fill in when the application does not provide a value, then
that value will persist and will be there for all clients to see.
The following CLI snippet shows this behavior:

  [edit system login]
  phil@dent# set user mumble class super-user 

  [edit system login]
  phil@dent# show user mumble 
  class super-user;

  [edit system login]
  phil@dent# commit
  commit complete

  [edit system login]
  phil@dent# show user mumble    
  uid 2002;
  class super-user;

  [edit system login]
  phil@dent# 

Note that the uid leaf is not present as configuration data.  This
is the behavior indicated by the non-standardized "assigned-by
system" statement.  In all of JUNOS's hundreds of knobs, only the
uid field and an obscure IDP-related index number work this way.
I think this is a "a-by system" is a rare corner case.  YANG currently
does not handle these cases, but there are other odd corner cases
that YANG does not cover.  While I'd be fine adding "assigned-by
system", leaving it out is not too troubling.

But if I had a default password field of "*" (preventing login), I
do not create a 'password' leaf with a value of "*", because the
code that fetches it from the database will know the default is "*"
and uses that value if there is no password field in the database.
The distinction between an account that does not yet have a password
assigned, and an account that has been marked explicitly by a human
user with a password of "*" (to prevent login) are preserved.

Returning to the "mtu" example, if the mtu varies by the type of
PIC installed in a particular slot, I don't want the default mtu
value for that pic type to be added to my configuration for that
interface.  The default value should be used at run time (if no
value were explicitly configured) and if I change to a different
PIC, that PIC's default value for mtu should be used.  Upgrading
PIC should not require that I delete the previous PICs default
values.

>Is your concern that this will result in an 
>overcrowded config tree?  (I understand wanting a shorter tree that does 
>not have explicit default values.  I understand that such a tree is MUCH 
>larger than desired.)

Config data is fairly sparse.  Making it dense with default value
increases the signal-to-noise ratio for anyone who deals with
configuration.  It makes it impossible to split "data that I care
about" from "data that I'm uninterested in".

I'm wondering if this is just a chasm between the SNMP world and
the CLI world.  SNMP/GDMO deal with "objects" and fields inside
objects are populated with initial-values and default-values (even
though the default-value for snmp is vague and weak).  I can't
make a C++ object without putting some value into each field.

In constract, the CLI world (and the .conf file world) is more
comfortable with defaults.  There are no objects or structures,
just data.  If I don't provide a field, it defaults in a way that
is very natural, at least to the users in this world.

For example, if there's no "ssh_enable" variable in my /etc/rc.conf,
it defaults to "no".  If there's no "FallBackToRsh" in my .ssh/config,
it defaults to "no".  If "search" field in my /etc/resolv.conf, it
defaults to the domain value.  If I had to provide these default
values for each field in these files, it would be a nightmare.

I agree that there is an issue of learning the values in use "at
the moment", but I think this issue is distinct from both the
"default" issue and the "assigned-by system" one, in that I could
have configured a value and that configured value may be different
from the current operation value of the moment.

For example, I could set "duplex" to "auto" and fetching it would
give me no clue if the interface is current running at full or half
duplex.  This operational mode value may be derived from the
configured (or default) value, but it should not interfer with the
configuration settings.

I hope this helps clear up any confusion.

The important issue to me is that we talked about all this as
far back as the interim meeting in DC, and decided to give
servers the flexibility to suppress default values (as IOS and
IOS clone systems do), express explicit configured values even
if they are identical to the default value (as JUNOS and JUNOS
clones systems do), or fully publish all default values no matter
what (as Andy wants to do in his code).

But this closed issue is being resurrected in a way that is trying
to push all implementations to follow Andy's.  I believe including
defaults on every operation is a poor idea and pushing every
implementation to implement this poor idea will damage YANG's chances
of being accepted in the market place.

I would like to keep the current wording in YANG, add any clarifying
text, and move on.

Thanks,
 Phil

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 13:23:26 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> We all agree that only actual instances of a leaf object
> matter here.  The whole premise behind filter='explicit'
> is that the client does not need to know the server
> selected values of these instances because the exact
> value the server has selected is described somehow in
> the optional-to-use user documentation.

You keep saying this, and we keep saying that this is not the way it
works.  The premise is that the client knows the (static) default
value from the "default" statement (if it needs to know it at all).


/martin

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 13:25:04 2009
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Andy Bierman writes:
>IMO, the safest approach is to use report-all with good filters.

That's your opinion, and you are free to implement this inside your
source code.  But it's not the WG opinion, which is reflected in
the current YANG spec.

YANG gives you the flexibility to take your own path, but it gives
the rest of the world the flexibility to not follow you.

Thanks,
 Phil

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 13:33:54 2009
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> We all agree that only actual instances of a leaf object
>> matter here.  The whole premise behind filter='explicit'
>> is that the client does not need to know the server
>> selected values of these instances because the exact
>> value the server has selected is described somehow in
>> the optional-to-use user documentation.
> 
> You keep saying this, and we keep saying that this is not the way it
> works.  The premise is that the client knows the (static) default
> value from the "default" statement (if it needs to know it at all).
> 

if this is true, then why does the 'explicit' mode
of with-defaults just look at whether the leaf was
explicitly set and not the YANG default?

I assume 'explicitly set' means by the
client or the startup file.  If it included
the server, it would be kind of pointless.
A flag for 'set by gamma ray interference' ?


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 13:34:04 2009
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Where I get confused is with the distinction you have below.

You are indicating that the situation where the system uses a value for 
something, that it crafts is not the same as the situation where the 
system assigns a value to the object.  You use the UID example for the 
later, and the MTU example for the former.

The only difference I can see is that the algorithmic rules for 
calculating the values happen to be different.
Which leaves me very confused as to how the behavior required or 
expected by the standard can be different.
Unless we simply make the standard so weak as to be usesless in this area.

Yours,
Joel


Phil Shafer wrote:
> "Joel M. Halpern" writes:
>>    Why, when the system fills in a value that is not the "default", do 
>> you think it is helpful and important that the value not appear as a 
>> node in the config tree?
> 
> I want to make sure we're discussing the same issue, so let's
> separate the "defaults are not config data" issue from the "system
> fills in a value" issue.
> 
> If the system creates configuration data, then that leaf/value is
> real configuration data, and it MUST be treated as such.  It will
> exist in the configuration database until it is removed.
> 
> For example, if my model for users has a uid leaf that the system
> will fill in when the application does not provide a value, then
> that value will persist and will be there for all clients to see.
> The following CLI snippet shows this behavior:
> 
>   [edit system login]
>   phil@dent# set user mumble class super-user 
> 
>   [edit system login]
>   phil@dent# show user mumble 
>   class super-user;
> 
>   [edit system login]
>   phil@dent# commit
>   commit complete
> 
>   [edit system login]
>   phil@dent# show user mumble    
>   uid 2002;
>   class super-user;
> 
>   [edit system login]
>   phil@dent# 
> 
> Note that the uid leaf is not present as configuration data.  This
> is the behavior indicated by the non-standardized "assigned-by
> system" statement.  In all of JUNOS's hundreds of knobs, only the
> uid field and an obscure IDP-related index number work this way.
> I think this is a "a-by system" is a rare corner case.  YANG currently
> does not handle these cases, but there are other odd corner cases
> that YANG does not cover.  While I'd be fine adding "assigned-by
> system", leaving it out is not too troubling.
> 
> But if I had a default password field of "*" (preventing login), I
> do not create a 'password' leaf with a value of "*", because the
> code that fetches it from the database will know the default is "*"
> and uses that value if there is no password field in the database.
> The distinction between an account that does not yet have a password
> assigned, and an account that has been marked explicitly by a human
> user with a password of "*" (to prevent login) are preserved.
> 
> Returning to the "mtu" example, if the mtu varies by the type of
> PIC installed in a particular slot, I don't want the default mtu
> value for that pic type to be added to my configuration for that
> interface.  The default value should be used at run time (if no
> value were explicitly configured) and if I change to a different
> PIC, that PIC's default value for mtu should be used.  Upgrading
> PIC should not require that I delete the previous PICs default
> values.
> 
>> Is your concern that this will result in an 
>> overcrowded config tree?  (I understand wanting a shorter tree that does 
>> not have explicit default values.  I understand that such a tree is MUCH 
>> larger than desired.)
> 
> Config data is fairly sparse.  Making it dense with default value
> increases the signal-to-noise ratio for anyone who deals with
> configuration.  It makes it impossible to split "data that I care
> about" from "data that I'm uninterested in".
> 
> I'm wondering if this is just a chasm between the SNMP world and
> the CLI world.  SNMP/GDMO deal with "objects" and fields inside
> objects are populated with initial-values and default-values (even
> though the default-value for snmp is vague and weak).  I can't
> make a C++ object without putting some value into each field.
> 
> In constract, the CLI world (and the .conf file world) is more
> comfortable with defaults.  There are no objects or structures,
> just data.  If I don't provide a field, it defaults in a way that
> is very natural, at least to the users in this world.
> 
> For example, if there's no "ssh_enable" variable in my /etc/rc.conf,
> it defaults to "no".  If there's no "FallBackToRsh" in my .ssh/config,
> it defaults to "no".  If "search" field in my /etc/resolv.conf, it
> defaults to the domain value.  If I had to provide these default
> values for each field in these files, it would be a nightmare.
> 
> I agree that there is an issue of learning the values in use "at
> the moment", but I think this issue is distinct from both the
> "default" issue and the "assigned-by system" one, in that I could
> have configured a value and that configured value may be different
> from the current operation value of the moment.
> 
> For example, I could set "duplex" to "auto" and fetching it would
> give me no clue if the interface is current running at full or half
> duplex.  This operational mode value may be derived from the
> configured (or default) value, but it should not interfer with the
> configuration settings.
> 
> I hope this helps clear up any confusion.
> 
> The important issue to me is that we talked about all this as
> far back as the interim meeting in DC, and decided to give
> servers the flexibility to suppress default values (as IOS and
> IOS clone systems do), express explicit configured values even
> if they are identical to the default value (as JUNOS and JUNOS
> clones systems do), or fully publish all default values no matter
> what (as Andy wants to do in his code).
> 
> But this closed issue is being resurrected in a way that is trying
> to push all implementations to follow Andy's.  I believe including
> defaults on every operation is a poor idea and pushing every
> implementation to implement this poor idea will damage YANG's chances
> of being accepted in the market place.
> 
> I would like to keep the current wording in YANG, add any clarifying
> text, and move on.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 13:35:40 2009
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"Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
> The case I would make illegal is any case where
> the system uses a value for a node if one is not specified
> that value is not the default value for the node
> that value is not simply a dynamic reference to the current value of some other
> well defined node
> and that value can not be accessed by fetching the node itself.
> 
> In other words, if the value is not set, and the system is using well defined
> value (not one generated at need and discarded), then there has to be a
> reasonable way to get that value.  Reasonable ways include the default
> statement, and a tractable, even if defined in the description clause,
> reference to another node.  Or getting that node itself.
> (If we want to complicate our life, we could define a default-reference
> statement which had a leafref to where that linked default comes from. But that
> is something we can consider for later.)

[The example I has earlier actually looked like this in its original
form:

            leaf hold-time {
                type int32;
                tailf:default-ref '../../hold-time';
            }

We discussed adding default-ref to YANG (was it at the interim?) but
we decided to not do it now.  Since we had this functionality in our
old proprietary dml, we added it as an extension.  It is useful in a
few places, but not very common.]

> So, the illegal list includes the second interpretation of your case. It also
> includes the if_mtu when the system sets an "appropriate" mtu if one is not
> provided.

But do you think that we can add words that describe this, and further
that tools can actually verify this?  Is it better to try to state
this in the usage guidelines?


/martin

From mbj@tail-f.com  Fri Aug 28 13:40:02 2009
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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> > Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> >> We all agree that only actual instances of a leaf object
> >> matter here.  The whole premise behind filter='explicit'
> >> is that the client does not need to know the server
> >> selected values of these instances because the exact
> >> value the server has selected is described somehow in
> >> the optional-to-use user documentation.
> > 
> > You keep saying this, and we keep saying that this is not the way it
> > works.  The premise is that the client knows the (static) default
> > value from the "default" statement (if it needs to know it at all).
> > 
> 
> if this is true, then why does the 'explicit' mode
> of with-defaults just look at whether the leaf was
> explicitly set and not the YANG default?

I didn't write that draft - you did ;)  But I assume that it is
supposed to be DML-agnostic?  For me it would be fine to make it
YANG-specific, or at least be very specific that *if* the data model
is written in YANG, it means that it applies to leafs with the
"default" statement that are not explicitly set.

> I assume 'explicitly set' means by the
> client or the startup file.  If it included
> the server, it would be kind of pointless.

Yes.


/martin

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 13:44:06 2009
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Yes, I think the relevant distinction can be easily described.

I think the alternative, if it can not be reasonably described, is that 
the config node gets set with the proper value.

Yours,
Joel


Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> "Joel M. Halpern" <jmh@joelhalpern.com> wrote:
>> The case I would make illegal is any case where
>> the system uses a value for a node if one is not specified
>> that value is not the default value for the node
>> that value is not simply a dynamic reference to the current value of some other
>> well defined node
>> and that value can not be accessed by fetching the node itself.
>>
>> In other words, if the value is not set, and the system is using well defined
>> value (not one generated at need and discarded), then there has to be a
>> reasonable way to get that value.  Reasonable ways include the default
>> statement, and a tractable, even if defined in the description clause,
>> reference to another node.  Or getting that node itself.
>> (If we want to complicate our life, we could define a default-reference
>> statement which had a leafref to where that linked default comes from. But that
>> is something we can consider for later.)
> 
> [The example I has earlier actually looked like this in its original
> form:
> 
>             leaf hold-time {
>                 type int32;
>                 tailf:default-ref '../../hold-time';
>             }
> 
> We discussed adding default-ref to YANG (was it at the interim?) but
> we decided to not do it now.  Since we had this functionality in our
> old proprietary dml, we added it as an extension.  It is useful in a
> few places, but not very common.]
> 
>> So, the illegal list includes the second interpretation of your case. It also
>> includes the if_mtu when the system sets an "appropriate" mtu if one is not
>> provided.
> 
> But do you think that we can add words that describe this, and further
> that tools can actually verify this?  Is it better to try to state
> this in the usage guidelines?
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

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Subject: [netmod]  meaning of instance was meaning of default
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----- Original Message -----
From: "Ladislav Lhotka" <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2009 5:14 PM

> Does this follow from the statement in Sec. 7.6?
>
>    If the leaf has a default value, the server MUST use this value
>    internally if no value is provided by the NETCONF client when the
>    instance is created.
>
> My interpretation is that the MUST only applies if the premise is
> satisfied, i.e., if the NETCONF client creates the instance but does not
> provide any value.
>
> BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined in
> the draft, is it the same as "data node"?

Lada,

I never saw a follow up to this.  I think the answer no.  A data node is part of
the schema tree.  I do not see a defined term for a something in the data tree,
rather a reference to eg 'a node in the schema tree that can be instantiated in
a
data tree' so I take (most) references to instance to being such an
instantiation (object classes, object instances, well not really:-) in a data
tree.

A lot of what we are discussing is about this something, when does it come into
existence (something the I-D is very vague about), by what, and does it then
form part of the configuration data tree as opposed to another data tree.
(Andy's response to your post showed a different view to yours on these
matters).

One way forward would be to decouple this something from the value it takes so
that we have the static structure in the data tree that XPath needs but can
still say it has or has not got a value - as we already have 'not a number' in
places - and where that value came from; application, device, .....

Tom Petch

> Lada
>
> >
> >
> > /martin
> --
> Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
> PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C
>
>


From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 13:59:11 2009
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"Joel M. Halpern" writes:
>You are indicating that the situation where the system uses a value for 
>something, that it crafts is not the same as the situation where the 
>system assigns a value to the object.  You use the UID example for the 
>later, and the MTU example for the former.
>
>The only difference I can see is that the algorithmic rules for 
>calculating the values happen to be different.
>Which leaves me very confused as to how the behavior required or 
>expected by the standard can be different.
>Unless we simply make the standard so weak as to be usesless in this area.

The distinction is not algorithmic, but specified by the data modeler
when they write the YANG module.  It's about the nature of the leaf
and how the modeler wants it used.

In the case of the uid leaf, the key detail is that the uid leaf
persists in the configuration database, so if I archive and restore,
my users will have the same UIDs.  This works because the uid is
added to the configuration database as a leaf, so it follows the
normal data handling rules.

The mtu leaf will persist only if I set it, since the operational
value for the mtu of an interface is not configuration data.  Nor
would the operational value for the mtu of an interface ever appear
as the "mtu" leaf, since this leaf models the user configured value
for the mtu, not the operational value of the mtu.  This operational
value will be derived from configuration data (if it exists), but
will also use the PIC type (if it matters), platform details
(perhaps), and perhaps a final static default.  But it should not
show up as the value for the "mtu" leaf in the configuration data.

(This all assumes the modeler for mtu does not specify a default
value for the mtu leaf in the YANG module.)

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 14:02:07 2009
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Date: Fri, 28 Aug 2009 16:45:27 -0400
From: Phil Shafer <phil@juniper.net>
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Andy Bierman writes:
>if this is true, then why does the 'explicit' mode
>of with-defaults just look at whether the leaf was
>explicitly set and not the YANG default?

The explicit mode should have logic like:

   if (the user explicitly set it)
       return it

But really it works like:

   if (there is a value in the config database)
      return it  // since the user must have set it

In neither approach are default values inspected.

Thanks,
 Phil

From phil@juniper.net  Fri Aug 28 14:03:44 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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typo!!

Phil Shafer writes:
>  [edit system login]
>  phil@dent# show user mumble    
>  uid 2002;
>  class super-user;
>
>  [edit system login]
>  phil@dent# 
>
>Note that the uid leaf is not present as configuration data.

s/not present/now present/

The "uid" leaf is now in the configuration database, since
the system assigned a value to it (2002).

Thanks,
 Phil

From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Fri Aug 28 14:19:13 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 06:57:13PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> I think you are on the right track for a robust solution,
> which is to codify this in a database property somehow.
> IMO, this has to be a complete model, that does not
> contain any gaps.

I think our main difference is that I do make a clear distinction
between config data and operational state data. You still seem to
think in terms of "a database".

> I agree with you, but I consider a configuration object
> to be a node in which a client can directly alter the value.
> An instance of a configuration object can be created by either
> the server or the client.  But even if the server sets the
> leaf first, it is still config.

The problem is that we can both agree on the text but still likely
have read different things. For you, the MTU of my interface is a
config object. For me, it is operational state until I explicitely
configure it (which I never do on the systems I am responsible for;
none of my config files messes around with the MTU because I trust the
kernel to figure out a reasonable value - so I "configure" the system
to not have config data for the MTU).

> I don't like the with-defaults=explicit at all, because it assumes
> the description statement is complete and correct.

Repetition does not make this statement true.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 14:56:32 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 06:57:13PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
>  
>> I think you are on the right track for a robust solution,
>> which is to codify this in a database property somehow.
>> IMO, this has to be a complete model, that does not
>> contain any gaps.
> 
> I think our main difference is that I do make a clear distinction
> between config data and operational state data. You still seem to
> think in terms of "a database".
> 

Because the NETCONF protocol is written that way.
I'm trying to limit the standard behavior to
what is actually specified in the standard.

The YANG draft says that config=true means it works
on <get-config>.  So does 4741.
The protocol already makes this distinction, not me.


>> I agree with you, but I consider a configuration object
>> to be a node in which a client can directly alter the value.
>> An instance of a configuration object can be created by either
>> the server or the client.  But even if the server sets the
>> leaf first, it is still config.
> 
> The problem is that we can both agree on the text but still likely
> have read different things. For you, the MTU of my interface is a
> config object. For me, it is operational state until I explicitely
> configure it (which I never do on the systems I am responsible for;
> none of my config files messes around with the MTU because I trust the
> kernel to figure out a reasonable value - so I "configure" the system
> to not have config data for the MTU).
> 

As long as your implementation follows the rules
for config=true/false, then you can define your MTU
leaf any way you want.

If you want the <edit-config> or <copy-config>
operations to have any affect on your leaf, you better
make sure the config-stmt is set to true.



>> I don't like the with-defaults=explicit at all, because it assumes
>> the description statement is complete and correct.
> 
> Repetition does not make this statement true.
> 

Fine.
In my experience, it is faster and less expensive to resolve debugging
issues based on data, rather than assumptions about that data, but YMMY.


> /js
> 

Andy


From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 15:41:30 2009
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Phil Shafer wrote:
> Andy Bierman writes:
>> if this is true, then why does the 'explicit' mode
>> of with-defaults just look at whether the leaf was
>> explicitly set and not the YANG default?
> 
> The explicit mode should have logic like:
> 
>    if (the user explicitly set it)
>        return it
> 
> But really it works like:
> 
>    if (there is a value in the config database)
>       return it  // since the user must have set it
> 
> In neither approach are default values inspected.
> 

Precisely.
Therefore, it has no relation at all to
the model defined in the YANG draft, which is

  'config + yang-defaults = entire database for validation purposes'

In order for the server to provide the filtering
behavior you are describing, the server MUST support
the :with-defaults capability.

The YANG spec allows either 'trim' or 'report-all'
without the need to support the :with-defaults
capability.  As you pointed out,
the server MAY suppress YANG-defaults, but it does
not have to do that, so a NETCONF client MUST be
able do deal with either of these modes at any time.

If the :with-defaults capability is supported, then
the server can choose basic=explicit, but
it MUST also  honor 'report-all' retrieval requests,
if the client issues any.

This is what the drafts support now.
This is a very acceptable solution to me,
because it allows all available data to be
retrievable on all servers, and allows servers
to use basic=explicit if they want, even though the YANG and
NETCONF standards do not make any client vs. server
distinction.

I am a big fan of unix config files.
I just wish there weren't so many different
semi-structured variants of them.

One more detail...
Can we say that a server MUST (or SHOULD) store its
NV-storage data using the defaults scheme advertised in
its 'basic=xxx' capability?  I think that is assumed,
but it should be at least suggested.  If no with-defaults
support, then the server can choose 'report-all' or 'trim',
and not be bound to either choice (mixed-mode).


> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

Andy

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From: WashamFan <Washam.Fan@huaweisymantec.com>
To: "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] mandatory Re: meaning of config really was meaning ofdefault
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Hi,

>  > Except top-level mandatory leafs, all mandatory leafs should be set 
> by
>  > client via NETCONF. top-level mandatory leafs might be pre-loaded 
> or 
>  > initialised via CLI. In this regard, the mandantory definition 
> seems broken,
>  > I admit.
>  
>  I see a further problem if, as I think you are saying, there will be 
> leafs
>  in the data tree with mandatory=true which only the client can set, 
> to whit,
>  
>  a) Mandatory true means (at least for some leafs) that the 
> application 
>  MUST supply the values
>  
>  b) Therefore the manufacturer cannot ship values for such a leaf in
>  the initial configuration
>  
>  c) A device can only advertise, in 'hello', modules with valid values
>  
>  d) But the device cannot set values for a mandatory leaf and so
>  a module with a mandatory leaf can never be valid at initial boot.

If a mandatory leaf without value can invalidate the config before a client
can get a chance to set it via NETCONF, the leaf MUST be set by the
server or via non-NETCONF and exists in data tree. This is how top-level 
mandatory leafs work.

the mandatory leafs which MUST be set by a client is those ones whose
values MUST be provided when the client issues <edit-config>. e.g., I
<edit-config> to create a P container, then I MUST explicitly set any
mandatory leafs underneath it, otherwise, the <edit-config> fails. (Of
cource, that applied when you directly edit running, when you edit
candidate, you can supply the values till <commit>.)

So, My interpretation of mandatory seems, a client MUST supply the values
of mandatory leafs unless he/she can't get a chance to do it via NETCONF.

washam

>  e) Therefore the device can never advertise a module with a mandatory
>  leaf in it, and the application can never know that the device 
> supports it.
>  
>  f) Hence the application can never set a mandatory leaf.
>  
>  Um
>  
>  Tom Petch

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Fri Aug 28 20:56:27 2009
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Cc: netmod@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [netmod] mandatory Re: meaning of config really was meaning ofdefault
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WashamFan wrote:
> Hi,
> 
>>  > Except top-level mandatory leafs, all mandatory leafs should be set 
>> by
>>  > client via NETCONF. top-level mandatory leafs might be pre-loaded 
>> or 
>>  > initialised via CLI. In this regard, the mandantory definition 
>> seems broken,
>>  > I admit.
>>  
>>  I see a further problem if, as I think you are saying, there will be 
>> leafs
>>  in the data tree with mandatory=true which only the client can set, 
>> to whit,
>>  
>>  a) Mandatory true means (at least for some leafs) that the 
>> application 
>>  MUST supply the values
>>  
>>  b) Therefore the manufacturer cannot ship values for such a leaf in
>>  the initial configuration
>>  
>>  c) A device can only advertise, in 'hello', modules with valid values
>>  
>>  d) But the device cannot set values for a mandatory leaf and so
>>  a module with a mandatory leaf can never be valid at initial boot.
> 
> If a mandatory leaf without value can invalidate the config before a client
> can get a chance to set it via NETCONF, the leaf MUST be set by the
> server or via non-NETCONF and exists in data tree. This is how top-level 
> mandatory leafs work.
> 

No -- this is why mandatory top-level nodes don't always work.
The server MAY create a mandatory leaf.  That is 2119-speak
for "the client cannot rely on it".

Most likely, a mandatory leaf is not going filled
in the server, but there is no way to tell.



> the mandatory leafs which MUST be set by a client is those ones whose
> values MUST be provided when the client issues <edit-config>. e.g., I
> <edit-config> to create a P container, then I MUST explicitly set any
> mandatory leafs underneath it, otherwise, the <edit-config> fails. (Of
> cource, that applied when you directly edit running, when you edit
> candidate, you can supply the values till <commit>.)
> 
> So, My interpretation of mandatory seems, a client MUST supply the values
> of mandatory leafs unless he/she can't get a chance to do it via NETCONF.
> 
> washam

Andy

> 
>>  e) Therefore the device can never advertise a module with a mandatory
>>  leaf in it, and the application can never know that the device 
>> supports it.
>>  
>>  f) Hence the application can never set a mandatory leaf.
>>  
>>  Um
>>  
>>  Tom Petch
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
> 


From j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de  Fri Aug 28 21:56:00 2009
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Cc: "netmod@ietf.org" <netmod@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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On Fri, Aug 28, 2009 at 11:54:44PM +0200, Andy Bierman wrote:
 
> >> I don't like the with-defaults=explicit at all, because it assumes
> >> the description statement is complete and correct.
> > 
> > Repetition does not make this statement true.
> > 
> 
> Fine.
> In my experience, it is faster and less expensive to resolve debugging
> issues based on data, rather than assumptions about that data, but YMMY.

Debugging requires to look at the operational state (consider a
routing problem when you run OSPF). If I do not understand what my
kernel does, I type sysctl -a. If I conclude I need to change a
setting, I edit /etc/sysctl.conf. And my /etc/sysctl.conf is rather
short.

/js

-- 
Juergen Schoenwaelder           Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH
Phone: +49 421 200 3587         Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
Fax:   +49 421 200 3103         <http://www.jacobs-university.de/>

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 21:58:41 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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"Specified by the data modeler" where?
Even the description clauses do not tell me which elements are created 
in the model by the system and which elements are filled in behind the 
scenes, and not recorded in the data model.

Yours,
Joel

Phil Shafer wrote:
> "Joel M. Halpern" writes:
>> You are indicating that the situation where the system uses a value for 
>> something, that it crafts is not the same as the situation where the 
>> system assigns a value to the object.  You use the UID example for the 
>> later, and the MTU example for the former.
>>
>> The only difference I can see is that the algorithmic rules for 
>> calculating the values happen to be different.
>> Which leaves me very confused as to how the behavior required or 
>> expected by the standard can be different.
>> Unless we simply make the standard so weak as to be usesless in this area.
> 
> The distinction is not algorithmic, but specified by the data modeler
> when they write the YANG module.  It's about the nature of the leaf
> and how the modeler wants it used.
> 
> In the case of the uid leaf, the key detail is that the uid leaf
> persists in the configuration database, so if I archive and restore,
> my users will have the same UIDs.  This works because the uid is
> added to the configuration database as a leaf, so it follows the
> normal data handling rules.
> 
> The mtu leaf will persist only if I set it, since the operational
> value for the mtu of an interface is not configuration data.  Nor
> would the operational value for the mtu of an interface ever appear
> as the "mtu" leaf, since this leaf models the user configured value
> for the mtu, not the operational value of the mtu.  This operational
> value will be derived from configuration data (if it exists), but
> will also use the PIC type (if it matters), platform details
> (perhaps), and perhaps a final static default.  But it should not
> show up as the value for the "mtu" leaf in the configuration data.
> 
> (This all assumes the modeler for mtu does not specify a default
> value for the mtu leaf in the YANG module.)
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Fri Aug 28 22:04:52 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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On the question of why / whether this non-representation is important, 
if I am reading your text correctly, the difference is very much 
dependent upon who this is for.
If the XML response is going to be read by a human being, then keeping 
it very sparse is quite helpful.
On the other hand, if it is going to be read by an automaton, then being 
verbose is actually an advantage, as the odds of the machinery being 
able to work with the content is much higher.

If we really need to allow this distinction as to whether the set values 
appear or not in normal responses (and I am not convinced we do), then I 
end up envisioning having a default statement that says "default 
by-system" and then it would not be returned when defaults are 
suppressed, but would be returned when defautls are delivered.  Ugly.

Given that in your model, these specific values do not appear when 
defaults are delivered, and do not appear when defaults are suppressed, 
it seems to me that this is a different issue from whether defaults must 
be delivered, or can be delivered, or must never be delivered, or are 
included to confuse everyone.

I am not trying to push everyone to follow any particular implementation 
strategy.  I am however trying to end up with something that I thing can 
be useful for management systems.

Yours,
Joel

Phil Shafer wrote:
> "Joel M. Halpern" writes:
...
>> Is your concern that this will result in an 
>> overcrowded config tree?  (I understand wanting a shorter tree that does 
>> not have explicit default values.  I understand that such a tree is MUCH 
>> larger than desired.)
> 
> Config data is fairly sparse.  Making it dense with default value
> increases the signal-to-noise ratio for anyone who deals with
> configuration.  It makes it impossible to split "data that I care
> about" from "data that I'm uninterested in".
> 
> I'm wondering if this is just a chasm between the SNMP world and
> the CLI world.  SNMP/GDMO deal with "objects" and fields inside
> objects are populated with initial-values and default-values (even
> though the default-value for snmp is vague and weak).  I can't
> make a C++ object without putting some value into each field.
> 
> In constract, the CLI world (and the .conf file world) is more
> comfortable with defaults.  There are no objects or structures,
> just data.  If I don't provide a field, it defaults in a way that
> is very natural, at least to the users in this world.
> 
> For example, if there's no "ssh_enable" variable in my /etc/rc.conf,
> it defaults to "no".  If there's no "FallBackToRsh" in my .ssh/config,
> it defaults to "no".  If "search" field in my /etc/resolv.conf, it
> defaults to the domain value.  If I had to provide these default
> values for each field in these files, it would be a nightmare.
> 
> I agree that there is an issue of learning the values in use "at
> the moment", but I think this issue is distinct from both the
> "default" issue and the "assigned-by system" one, in that I could
> have configured a value and that configured value may be different
> from the current operation value of the moment.
> 
> For example, I could set "duplex" to "auto" and fetching it would
> give me no clue if the interface is current running at full or half
> duplex.  This operational mode value may be derived from the
> configured (or default) value, but it should not interfer with the
> configuration settings.
> 
> I hope this helps clear up any confusion.
> 
> The important issue to me is that we talked about all this as
> far back as the interim meeting in DC, and decided to give
> servers the flexibility to suppress default values (as IOS and
> IOS clone systems do), express explicit configured values even
> if they are identical to the default value (as JUNOS and JUNOS
> clones systems do), or fully publish all default values no matter
> what (as Andy wants to do in his code).
> 
> But this closed issue is being resurrected in a way that is trying
> to push all implementations to follow Andy's.  I believe including
> defaults on every operation is a poor idea and pushing every
> implementation to implement this poor idea will damage YANG's chances
> of being accepted in the market place.
> 
> I would like to keep the current wording in YANG, add any clarifying
> text, and move on.
> 
> Thanks,
>  Phil
> 

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Sat Aug 29 04:28:35 2009
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From: Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz>
To: "tom.petch" <cfinss@dial.pipex.com>
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Subject: Re: [netmod] meaning of instance was meaning of default
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tom.petch píše v Pá 28. 08. 2009 v 21:45 +0200:
> > BTW, the term "instance" is used quite often but AFAIK never defined
> in
> > the draft, is it the same as "data node"?
> 
> Lada,
> 
> I never saw a follow up to this.  I think the answer no.  A data node
> is part of
> the schema tree.  I do not see a defined term for a something in the
> data tree,
> rather a reference to eg 'a node in the schema tree that can be
> instantiated in
> a
> data tree' so I take (most) references to instance to being such an
> instantiation (object classes, object instances, well not really:-) in
> a data
> tree.

Yes, we run into it quite often and this "dual life" of nodes also fuels
the confusion. For example, last bullet in sec. 7.6.4 says

  o  Otherwise, the leaf MUST exist if the ancestor node exists.

but if fact it should read

  o Otherwise, the leaf MUST be instatiated if the ancestor is instantiated. 

which is quite awkward.

In other schema languages, this distinction is is much clearer, XSD
defines types ("element E is of type T") and RELAX NG defines patterns
("element E matches P").

Lada
 
> 
> A lot of what we are discussing is about this something, when does it
> come into
> existence (something the I-D is very vague about), by what, and does
> it then
> form part of the configuration data tree as opposed to another data
> tree.
> (Andy's response to your post showed a different view to yours on
> these
> matters).
> 
> One way forward would be to decouple this something from the value it
> takes so
> that we have the static structure in the data tree that XPath needs
> but can
> still say it has or has not got a value - as we already have 'not a
> number' in
> places - and where that value came from; application, device, .....

> Tom Petch
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


From jmh@joelhalpern.com  Sat Aug 29 11:32:31 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] [Netconf] with-defaults terminology conflict
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I have, in previous notes, said that representing the "currently used 
mtu" as operational data would be a reasonable approach.  I can even 
live with the fact that the coupling between the configured value and 
the operational value is weak / description based.

But, every time I have suggested that, Phil (who is the most vocal 
proponent of the view that such information should not appear in the 
config), has vehemently asserted that he does not want to represent it 
as operational data.

I readily admit that there are multiple ways to solve the problem.
What I am not prepared to admit is that "read the documentation and 
attempt to recreate the document device calculation in the manager" is 
even vaguely appropriate as a solution.
Nor am I prepared to agree that there is not a problem.

Yours,
Joel

PS: I copied netmod, because I thought that was where this was being 
discussed for the most part.  It clearly crosses the boundaries between 
the two.

Juergen Schoenwaelder wrote:
> On Sat, Aug 29, 2009 at 06:18:57PM +0200, Joel M. Halpern wrote:
> 
>> For other values, I can not see any justification for not representing 
>> them.  They need to be accessible to the management system.
> 
> Accessible yes, but they are not part of the configuration.
> 
>> The length issue seems to turn on who is processing this
>> information.  Machinery can deal with the length we are discussing.
> 
> Making operational state by default is broken. It is wrong in most
> cases to treat the MTU as config since what you want is likely the
> value the kernel figured out for the piece of hardware you are
> currently using. We are caught in circles.
> 
> /js
> 

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sat Aug 29 16:05:34 2009
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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> Martin Bjorklund wrote:
>>> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>>>> We all agree that only actual instances of a leaf object
>>>> matter here.  The whole premise behind filter='explicit'
>>>> is that the client does not need to know the server
>>>> selected values of these instances because the exact
>>>> value the server has selected is described somehow in
>>>> the optional-to-use user documentation.
>>> You keep saying this, and we keep saying that this is not the way it
>>> works.  The premise is that the client knows the (static) default
>>> value from the "default" statement (if it needs to know it at all).
>>>
>> if this is true, then why does the 'explicit' mode
>> of with-defaults just look at whether the leaf was
>> explicitly set and not the YANG default?
> 
> I didn't write that draft - you did ;)  But I assume that it is
> supposed to be DML-agnostic?  For me it would be fine to make it
> YANG-specific, or at least be very specific that *if* the data model
> is written in YANG, it means that it applies to leafs with the
> "default" statement that are not explicitly set.
> 

Yes, that is what I want to do:

If the server advertises a YANG module capability URI
for a particular portion of the configuration database,
then the <with-defaults> filtering is applied to
any instances of any objects defined in that portion
of the configuration database as follows:

   trim:      leaf instances set to their YANG default-stmt value
              are omitted in the <rpc-reply>
   explicit:  leaf instances that match the 'server-assigned data'
              definition are omitted in the <rpc-reply>
 report-all:  no instances are omitted in the <rpc-reply>



Also, the definition of a default in YANG may still too
simplistic because it does not account for deviation statements:

module X {

  leaf foo {
    type int32;
    default 10;
  }
}


module Y {
   import Y { prefix y; }

   deviation /Y:foo {
     deviate delete {
       default 10;
     }
   }
}

There is no 'default 10' for the /foo leaf on this server.
Since the deviations for /foo can appear anywhere,
the' deviations=Y' part of the module X capability URI
becomes a critical piece of data for the client.
For this leaf, on this server, the 'trim' mode does
not omit the /foo leaf, because this server does not
implement the default.

There are many places where NETCONF protocol behavior
is defined in terms of a YANG statement value.
I am not sure it is clear that this really means
the synthesis of the YANG statement plus any deviation
statements that apply to the same statement within
a specific YANG object definition.  I hope so.


>> I assume 'explicitly set' means by the
>> client or the startup file.  If it included
>> the server, it would be kind of pointless.
> 
> Yes.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 

Andy

From andy@netconfcentral.com  Sun Aug 30 00:43:21 2009
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Hi,

ops-nm: 2007-06-06
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ops-nm/current/msg00105.html


netconf: 2007-06-08
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netconf/current/msg02591.html


I guess I am irritable about this 'config/state' issue
because I brought up this exact issue at least 2 years
ago, and I was told I was wrong -- there are only 2 states.

I brought up the issue again with the YANG design team and
was told I was wrong again -- no, we only need a boolean.

I had something called 'transient config' in NCX, long before YANG.
IMO, it exactly describes the 3rd state (see 1st msg above).

Instead of config=true/false, NCX had config=config/tconfig/state.

Transient config can be set at any time by the client or the
server, but it is never saved in NV-storage.

Maybe the terminology needs work, but the mechanism exactly
says what Juergen wants -- to edit ifMtu but not save it
as part of the configuration.



Andy




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----- Original Message -----
From: "Phil Shafer" <phil@juniper.net>
Sent: Friday, August 28, 2009 10:45 PM

> Andy Bierman writes:
> >if this is true, then why does the 'explicit' mode
> >of with-defaults just look at whether the leaf was
> >explicitly set and not the YANG default?
>
> The explicit mode should have logic like:
>
>    if (the user explicitly set it)
>        return it

Phil

I think that you are absolutely right that this mode should exist; I see it as
a major, if not the major, requirement to emerge from RFC3535. But I
disagree that it is the only requirement; I think that there is another one, an
operational one, I share certainly with Andy.

Enterprise systems could not exist without configuration management; they simply
have too many thousands of devices to configure by any other means.

One key part of this is a three part system, a central store of data for each
device, probably several versions for each, a pull protocol to get data from
a device and a push protocol, such that given a fresh from shrink-wrap,
manufacturer-supplied box, the push will create a replacement operational box.

Box A gets trashed, take a new one off the shelf, push the data to the new box
and the service is restored.

So the pull protocol must get everything that needs to be set to create the
operational box, regardless of which 'user' set it - CLI, SNMP, Netconf,..... -
or when.

I don't think YANG can help much here; it could have a substatement,
read-only, modified <true|false>, but really this is a Netconf protocol
requirement for the device manufacturer to support.

I think it wrong to equate this mode with the one and only meaning of words
such as config.

Tom Petch

> But really it works like:
>
>    if (there is a value in the config database)
>       return it  // since the user must have set it
>
> In neither approach are default values inspected.
>
> Thanks,
>  Phil


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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> ops-nm: 2007-06-06
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ops-nm/current/msg00105.html
> 
> 
> netconf: 2007-06-08
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netconf/current/msg02591.html
> 
> 
> I guess I am irritable about this 'config/state' issue
> because I brought up this exact issue at least 2 years
> ago, and I was told I was wrong -- there are only 2 states.
> 
> I brought up the issue again with the YANG design team and
> was told I was wrong again -- no, we only need a boolean.
> 
> I had something called 'transient config' in NCX, long before YANG.
> IMO, it exactly describes the 3rd state (see 1st msg above).
> 
> Instead of config=true/false, NCX had config=config/tconfig/state.
> 
> Transient config can be set at any time by the client or the
> server, but it is never saved in NV-storage.
> 
> Maybe the terminology needs work, but the mechanism exactly
> says what Juergen wants -- to edit ifMtu but not save it
> as part of the configuration.

I don't think this would solve the problem.  In the ifMtu case, the
problem is that even if no such leaf exists in the config, the device
will still operationally choose a proper value.  As another example,
if the "duplex" leaf is configured to the value 'auto', the
operationally choosen value might be 'half'.  This is not transient
config.


/martin


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tom.petch wrote:
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Phil Shafer" <phil@juniper.net>
> Sent: Friday, August 28, 2009 10:45 PM
> 
>> Andy Bierman writes:
>>> if this is true, then why does the 'explicit' mode
>>> of with-defaults just look at whether the leaf was
>>> explicitly set and not the YANG default?
>> The explicit mode should have logic like:
>>
>>    if (the user explicitly set it)
>>        return it
> 
> Phil
> 
> I think that you are absolutely right that this mode should exist; I see it as
> a major, if not the major, requirement to emerge from RFC3535. But I
> disagree that it is the only requirement; I think that there is another one, an
> operational one, I share certainly with Andy.
> 
> Enterprise systems could not exist without configuration management; they simply
> have too many thousands of devices to configure by any other means.
> 
> One key part of this is a three part system, a central store of data for each
> device, probably several versions for each, a pull protocol to get data from
> a device and a push protocol, such that given a fresh from shrink-wrap,
> manufacturer-supplied box, the push will create a replacement operational box.
> 
> Box A gets trashed, take a new one off the shelf, push the data to the new box
> and the service is restored.
> 
> So the pull protocol must get everything that needs to be set to create the
> operational box, regardless of which 'user' set it - CLI, SNMP, Netconf,..... -
> or when.
> 
> I don't think YANG can help much here; it could have a substatement,
> read-only, modified <true|false>, but really this is a Netconf protocol
> requirement for the device manufacturer to support.
> 
> I think it wrong to equate this mode with the one and only meaning of words
> such as config.
> 


I can agree with Phil that 'config' I did not set
is not really config -- if the YANG and with-defaults
draft specify the same thing correctly.

But if it is not config when an instance exists
because the server created it, then it must be
operational state.  So it MUST be retrievable,
in order to support applications (NETCONF was chartered
to get away from screen-scraping).

I am not willing to accept that any leaf instance
(defined as a leaf with a value != YANG default-stmt)
can ever be inaccessible for retrieval.

If the server has a value, and the client asks for it
correctly, it MUST be returned via <get>, <get-config>,
or <copy-config>.  That's what the standard says now, and
I agree with it.


> Tom Petch

Andy

> 
>> But really it works like:
>>
>>    if (there is a value in the config database)
>>       return it  // since the user must have set it
>>
>> In neither approach are default values inspected.
>>
>> Thanks,
>>  Phil
> 
> 



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Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> I can agree with Phil that 'config' I did not set
> is not really config -- if the YANG and with-defaults
> draft specify the same thing correctly.
> 
> But if it is not config when an instance exists
> because the server created it, then it must be
> operational state.

I think it is much simpler than this.  If there is a config leaf
ifMTU, and it is not set, but the device operationally uses some value
depending on hw, this does NOT mean that an instance of ifMTU was
created by the server.  It is a separate thing (which can be handled
today by having a separate ifMTU-oper leaf, as has been said before).

So "if an instance exists because the server created it" then it *is*
config.   The example we have used is the user's uid.  If it is not
provided, the server fills in a value, and this value is part of the
config data store, just as if the client set the value in the first
place.

> So it MUST be retrievable,
> in order to support applications (NETCONF was chartered
> to get away from screen-scraping).
> 
> I am not willing to accept that any leaf instance
> (defined as a leaf with a value != YANG default-stmt)
> can ever be inaccessible for retrieval.
> 
> If the server has a value, and the client asks for it
> correctly, it MUST be returned via <get>, <get-config>,
> or <copy-config>. 

But look at Phil's "duplex" example.  If it is set to 'auto', it
exists in the config, and this is the value that will be returned in a
reply to <get> or <get-config>, even though the operational value is
"half". 

To extend the example, suppose its default value is "auto", and it
does not exist in the config.  The operational value is "half", but
the best you can get in a reply is still "auto".

So I don't think that what you propose above actually solves the
problem with operational data.


/martin

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Subject: Re: [netmod] Configuration nodes was Re: meaning of defau
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Martin Bjorklund wrote:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
>> I can agree with Phil that 'config' I did not set
>> is not really config -- if the YANG and with-defaults
>> draft specify the same thing correctly.
>>
>> But if it is not config when an instance exists
>> because the server created it, then it must be
>> operational state.
> 
> I think it is much simpler than this.  If there is a config leaf
> ifMTU, and it is not set, but the device operationally uses some value
> depending on hw, this does NOT mean that an instance of ifMTU was
> created by the server.  It is a separate thing (which can be handled
> today by having a separate ifMTU-oper leaf, as has been said before).
> 
> So "if an instance exists because the server created it" then it *is*
> config.   The example we have used is the user's uid.  If it is not
> provided, the server fills in a value, and this value is part of the
> config data store, just as if the client set the value in the first
> place.
> 
>> So it MUST be retrievable,
>> in order to support applications (NETCONF was chartered
>> to get away from screen-scraping).
>>
>> I am not willing to accept that any leaf instance
>> (defined as a leaf with a value != YANG default-stmt)
>> can ever be inaccessible for retrieval.
>>
>> If the server has a value, and the client asks for it
>> correctly, it MUST be returned via <get>, <get-config>,
>> or <copy-config>. 
> 
> But look at Phil's "duplex" example.  If it is set to 'auto', it
> exists in the config, and this is the value that will be returned in a
> reply to <get> or <get-config>, even though the operational value is
> "half". 
> 
> To extend the example, suppose its default value is "auto", and it
> does not exist in the config.  The operational value is "half", but
> the best you can get in a reply is still "auto".
> 

this corner case is a red herring.
One can always design the knob differently,
or use an oper/admin pair.

> So I don't think that what you propose above actually solves the
> problem with operational data.
> 

I am not suggesting that the email I referenced in any way
represents a solution proposal.  I am suggesting that
config = 2 states is not complete, but it's what
the standard has right now.  I can live with that,
as long as all servers stick to the YANG definition
of a database.  There will be corner cases in which
the server will be forced to use 2 leafs (oper/admin)
or forced to return server-assigned leaf instances because
the server is actually using some value built
into the code somehow.

NETCONF/YANG is not useful enough for the client unless all the
standard operations apply to all the YANG clauses in
a tightly specified and deterministic manner.

It doesn't really matter that much what the proprietary CLI world
uses for humans to manage devices, because we need
a standard that supports an application programmatic interface,
and that is why NETCONF was chartered.


> 
> /martin
> 

Andy


From david.partain@ericsson.com  Mon Aug 31 02:26:38 2009
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On Monday 24 August 2009 15.33.06 Phil Shafer wrote:
> Juergen Schoenwaelder writes:
> >we need to put this
> >discussion somehow to an end.
>
> +1

I completely agree.  I'm trying to read through huge heaps of email to try to 
figure out what the right question to ask is.  Stay tuned.

David

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 31 06:35:30 2009
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Martin Bjorklund píše v Ne 30. 08. 2009 v 20:35 +0200:
> Andy Bierman <andy@netconfcentral.com> wrote:
> > Hi,
> > 
> > ops-nm: 2007-06-06
> > http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/ops-nm/current/msg00105.html
> > 
> > 
> > netconf: 2007-06-08
> > http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netconf/current/msg02591.html
> > 
> > 
> > I guess I am irritable about this 'config/state' issue
> > because I brought up this exact issue at least 2 years
> > ago, and I was told I was wrong -- there are only 2 states.
> > 
> > I brought up the issue again with the YANG design team and
> > was told I was wrong again -- no, we only need a boolean.
> > 
> > I had something called 'transient config' in NCX, long before YANG.
> > IMO, it exactly describes the 3rd state (see 1st msg above).
> > 
> > Instead of config=true/false, NCX had config=config/tconfig/state.
> > 
> > Transient config can be set at any time by the client or the
> > server, but it is never saved in NV-storage.
> > 
> > Maybe the terminology needs work, but the mechanism exactly
> > says what Juergen wants -- to edit ifMtu but not save it
> > as part of the configuration.
> 
> I don't think this would solve the problem.  In the ifMtu case, the
> problem is that even if no such leaf exists in the config, the device
> will still operationally choose a proper value.  As another example,

This can still be understood in two different ways: either the server
sets only the operational value and the config parameter remains unset,
or it sets the config parameter and the operational one gets set to the
same value as a result if this.

The recent examples demonstrate various interactions between config and
operational parameters, e.g.

- IP address configured either manually (from a config item) or via DHCP
- use global value if local is not set (hold-time example)
- operational routing table is a union of static routes (config item)
  and routes obtained from routing protocols

These relations between config and operational items seem to be quite
important from the data modeling point of view - but can we express all
possible variants?

Lada

> if the "duplex" leaf is configured to the value 'auto', the
> operationally choosen value might be 'half'.  This is not transient
> config.
> 
> 
> /martin
> 
> _______________________________________________
> netmod mailing list
> netmod@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/netmod
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> This can still be understood in two different ways: either the server
> sets only the operational value and the config parameter remains unset,
> or it sets the config parameter and the operational one gets set to the
> same value as a result if this.

IMO the latter would be very confusing.  You set 'duplex' to 'auto'
and you do a get-config, maybe for archival purposes.  If you get back
anything but 'auto', it would be incorrect.

> The recent examples demonstrate various interactions between config and
> operational parameters, e.g.
> 
> - IP address configured either manually (from a config item) or via DHCP
> - use global value if local is not set (hold-time example)
> - operational routing table is a union of static routes (config item)
>   and routes obtained from routing protocols
> 
> These relations between config and operational items seem to be quite
> important from the data modeling point of view - but can we express all
> possible variants?

It can be done today using standard techniques with duplicate objects
(ifMTU and ifMTU-oper etc).

An alternative could be to work on a more generic solution, but I
think this requires protocol support (<get-operational> or something),
and modelling support.  But I don't think this is a must-have for YANG
1.0.  We don't even know what such a solution would look like, so if
anything, we could encourage people to work on the problem, using
NETCONF and YANG extensions.


/martin

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Martin Bjorklund píše v Po 31. 08. 2009 v 16:41 +0200:
> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
> > This can still be understood in two different ways: either the server
> > sets only the operational value and the config parameter remains unset,
> > or it sets the config parameter and the operational one gets set to the
> > same value as a result if this.
> 
> IMO the latter would be very confusing.  You set 'duplex' to 'auto'
> and you do a get-config, maybe for archival purposes.  If you get back
> anything but 'auto', it would be incorrect.

Maybe in this case, in other cases it may be appropriate, e.g. for
initial (static) IP address.

> 
> > The recent examples demonstrate various interactions between config and
> > operational parameters, e.g.
> > 
> > - IP address configured either manually (from a config item) or via DHCP
> > - use global value if local is not set (hold-time example)
> > - operational routing table is a union of static routes (config item)
> >   and routes obtained from routing protocols
> > 
> > These relations between config and operational items seem to be quite
> > important from the data modeling point of view - but can we express all
> > possible variants?
> 
> It can be done today using standard techniques with duplicate objects
> (ifMTU and ifMTU-oper etc).

You can use leafref in YANG if they are directly coupled, but the more
complex scenarios cannot be easily captured, except in descriptions -
and I am not saying they should be, unless we have a really flexible way
to do it.

> 
> An alternative could be to work on a more generic solution, but I
> think this requires protocol support (<get-operational> or something),
> and modelling support.  But I don't think this is a must-have for YANG
> 1.0.  We don't even know what such a solution would look like, so if
> anything, we could encourage people to work on the problem, using
> NETCONF and YANG extensions.

I agree, and from my point of view current YANG is OK as a
domain-specific XML schema language - we can decide whether a given
configuration is valid according to a data model, whether two
configurations are equivalent given the set of declared defaults etc.

Lada

> 
> 
> /martin
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Martin Bjorklund píše v Po 31. 08. 2009 v 16:41 +0200:
>> Ladislav Lhotka <lhotka@cesnet.cz> wrote:
>>> This can still be understood in two different ways: either the server
>>> sets only the operational value and the config parameter remains unset,
>>> or it sets the config parameter and the operational one gets set to the
>>> same value as a result if this.
>> IMO the latter would be very confusing.  You set 'duplex' to 'auto'
>> and you do a get-config, maybe for archival purposes.  If you get back
>> anything but 'auto', it would be incorrect.
> 
> Maybe in this case, in other cases it may be appropriate, e.g. for
> initial (static) IP address.
> 
>>> The recent examples demonstrate various interactions between config and
>>> operational parameters, e.g.
>>>
>>> - IP address configured either manually (from a config item) or via DHCP
>>> - use global value if local is not set (hold-time example)
>>> - operational routing table is a union of static routes (config item)
>>>   and routes obtained from routing protocols
>>>
>>> These relations between config and operational items seem to be quite
>>> important from the data modeling point of view - but can we express all
>>> possible variants?
>> It can be done today using standard techniques with duplicate objects
>> (ifMTU and ifMTU-oper etc).
> 
> You can use leafref in YANG if they are directly coupled, but the more
> complex scenarios cannot be easily captured, except in descriptions -
> and I am not saying they should be, unless we have a really flexible way
> to do it.
> 
>> An alternative could be to work on a more generic solution, but I
>> think this requires protocol support (<get-operational> or something),
>> and modelling support.  But I don't think this is a must-have for YANG
>> 1.0.  We don't even know what such a solution would look like, so if
>> anything, we could encourage people to work on the problem, using
>> NETCONF and YANG extensions.
> 
> I agree, and from my point of view current YANG is OK as a
> domain-specific XML schema language - we can decide whether a given
> configuration is valid according to a data model, whether two
> configurations are equivalent given the set of declared defaults etc.
> 

I also agree, but only if the definition of a default is confined
to the YANG default-stmt value, for all YANG modules advertised
in the module capabilities.

As long as every leaf instance is retrievable by the client somehow,
then the current draft is fine.  I can accept that the configuration
is just the leaf instances that do not have the YANG default-stmt
value.  If the current value of every leaf instance is retrievable
on every NETCONF server, then it is OK if the description statements
are needed to correlate the leaf instances.

Asking the server to deduce the value of any current leaf instance
value is the only non-starter still floating around at this time.


> Lada
> 
>>
>> /martin

Andy


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Hi,


> 
> Asking the server to deduce the value of any current leaf instance
             ^^^^^^
> value is the only non-starter still floating around at this time.
> 

oops -- I meant client (trying hard to avoid manager and agent!)


> 
>> Lada
>>
>>> /martin
> 
> Andy
> 

From lhotka@cesnet.cz  Mon Aug 31 11:34:41 2009
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Andy Bierman píše v Po 31. 08. 2009 v 09:45 -0700:

> > 
> >> An alternative could be to work on a more generic solution, but I
> >> think this requires protocol support (<get-operational> or something),
> >> and modelling support.  But I don't think this is a must-have for YANG
> >> 1.0.  We don't even know what such a solution would look like, so if
> >> anything, we could encourage people to work on the problem, using
> >> NETCONF and YANG extensions.
> > 
> > I agree, and from my point of view current YANG is OK as a
> > domain-specific XML schema language - we can decide whether a given
> > configuration is valid according to a data model, whether two
> > configurations are equivalent given the set of declared defaults etc.
> > 
> 
> I also agree, but only if the definition of a default is confined
> to the YANG default-stmt value, for all YANG modules advertised
> in the module capabilities.

Absolutely, and with-defaults draft should include YANG-specific
normative text.

Lada

> 
> As long as every leaf instance is retrievable by the client somehow,
> then the current draft is fine.  I can accept that the configuration
> is just the leaf instances that do not have the YANG default-stmt
> value.  If the current value of every leaf instance is retrievable
> on every NETCONF server, then it is OK if the description statements
> are needed to correlate the leaf instances.
> 
> Asking the server to deduce the value of any current leaf instance
> value is the only non-starter still floating around at this time.
> 
> 
> > Lada
> > 
> >>
> >> /martin
> 
> Andy
> 
-- 
Ladislav Lhotka, CESNET
PGP Key ID: E74E8C0C


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Ladislav Lhotka wrote:
> Andy Bierman píše v Po 31. 08. 2009 v 09:45 -0700:
> 
>>>> An alternative could be to work on a more generic solution, but I
>>>> think this requires protocol support (<get-operational> or something),
>>>> and modelling support.  But I don't think this is a must-have for YANG
>>>> 1.0.  We don't even know what such a solution would look like, so if
>>>> anything, we could encourage people to work on the problem, using
>>>> NETCONF and YANG extensions.
>>> I agree, and from my point of view current YANG is OK as a
>>> domain-specific XML schema language - we can decide whether a given
>>> configuration is valid according to a data model, whether two
>>> configurations are equivalent given the set of declared defaults etc.
>>>
>> I also agree, but only if the definition of a default is confined
>> to the YANG default-stmt value, for all YANG modules advertised
>> in the module capabilities.
> 
> Absolutely, and with-defaults draft should include YANG-specific
> normative text.
> 

yes, but I am not sure how deviations work with this definition
of a default.

I think there are only 2 implementations that include deviation-stmt
at this time, and we both implemented deviations as a patch.
Once the run-time schema tree is patched, does this count as the
new contract, including defaults?

That's what I was afraid of when I objected to deviations
so strongly in the first place.

standard says:

   leaf foo {
     type string;
   }

If the deviations add/replace/delete a default, does
that count as the new default, or does that count as
a server-created instance with a non-default value?
The deviations were not supposed to allow the contract
to be altered, just identify the ways the server
is non-compliant.

The schema language is the component that adds
semantics to the standard syntax.  We are making a big
departure from SNMP robustness principles by requiring
a client to have a complete and accurate set of schema
definitions and deviations, just to obtain a complete set of
operational data values from a particular server.

A human or a dumb 'MIB walker' could make use of the complete
output, especially in XML, because the object hierarchy is
clearly identified and (except for binary) the built-in content
is all readable.  This definition of 'all' includes YANG defaults.

I am also concerned that vendors will not advertise the
critical deviation modules for standard modules, because
that (by definition) means the vendor does not comply with
the standard.  The deviations for the vendor's own YANG modules
will be quite rare in comparison, since they have total
ownership of that content.

I am also concerned about the fact that revision statements
are purely optional to use (outside of standard modules).
Then, if the vendor changes a default over time, the client
has no clue which leaf-stmt to pick to decide if
a missing leaf has a default, and its true value.

(Still want to stake your job on those default-stmt values. operators?)


> Lada

Andy


> 
>> As long as every leaf instance is retrievable by the client somehow,
>> then the current draft is fine.  I can accept that the configuration
>> is just the leaf instances that do not have the YANG default-stmt
>> value.  If the current value of every leaf instance is retrievable
>> on every NETCONF server, then it is OK if the description statements
>> are needed to correlate the leaf instances.
>>
>> Asking the server to deduce the value of any current leaf instance
>> value is the only non-starter still floating around at this time.
>>
>>
>>> Lada
>>>
>>>> /martin
>> Andy
>>


