From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Thu Jun  1 10:14:13 2000
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From: "Darran Potter" <dpotter@cisco.com>
To: "David Mitton" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Carl Rigney" <cdr@livingston.com>, <aboba@internaut.com>,
        <ietf-radius@livingston.com>
Subject: RE: (radius) IPv6
Date: Thu, 1 Jun 2000 15:01:39 +0100
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I also think a new IPADDR_6 type would at least allow older stuff
to carry on working.. sending > 32 bits in IPADDR would be painful.

The transition from ye-olde-plain-text tunnel password to tagged+encrypted
has caused some problems for older hw/sw. But thats nothing to what messing
with IPADDR could cause.

Darran

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com
[mailto:owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com]On Behalf Of David Mitton
Sent: 31 May 2000 23:44
To: Carl Rigney; aboba@internaut.com; cdr@livingston.com; David Mitton;
ietf-radius@livingston.com
Subject: RE: (radius) IPv6


At 11:06 AM 5/30/00 -0700, Carl Rigney wrote:
>I'd rather add attributes with a new type, since there are only a handful
of
>those, than break all existing RADIUS servers by adding the concept of
length
>sensitive processing.
>
>--
>Carl Rigney

While I think that's a fair enough decision....

... I'm concerned about the concept of non-six byte ipaddr attributes
"breaking" existing servers.

While they may not understand the value, I would hope that;

a) they would check the length and realize the attribute value received is
not-as-expected for the data type (by their implementation timeframe)

b) ignore the attribute value

c) perhaps flag or log the problem

d) not reject the whole message (though they might per earlier
interpretations of the RADIUS message processing rules)

None of these consequences would be really unusual, as operationally  the
client and server must converge on a mutually understood set of attributes
anyways.

Going a step further, I think primarily NAS-IP-Address would be client
generated. (and Framed-IP-Address if the address was user or NAS
chosen)  Most other ipaddr values would be in a server return profile to
start with.

Older servers would not be able to encode these values, and therefore would
not interoperate with a hypothetical IPv6 RADIUS-speaking NAS.

So I guess that's sort of a rationale for new attributes.  However if they
are anything other than ASCII\\\\\ UTF-8 strings there is something new
here to be implemented anyways.


Dave.

---------------------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                                  ESN: 248-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks                      978-288-4570 Direct
Carrier Packet Solutions, IP Mobility         978-288-???? FAX
Billerica, MA 01821                    dmitton@nortelnetworks.com

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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Thu Jun  1 10:42:53 2000
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To: ietf-radius@livingston.com
Subject: Re: (radius) IPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 31 May 2000 18:44:12 EDT."
             <4.2.2.20000531182910.00db77d0@ZBL6C008.corpeast.baynetworks.com> 
Date: Thu, 01 Jun 2000 10:43:46 -0400
From: Alan DeKok <aland@striker.ottawa.on.ca>
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"David Mitton" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com> wrote:
> ... I'm concerned about the concept of non-six byte ipaddr attributes 
> "breaking" existing servers.

  Over-loading functionality onto something never designed to have
that functionality often breaks it.  This shouldn't be a surprise.
 
> While they may not understand the value, I would hope that;
> 
> a) they would check the length and realize the attribute value received is 
> not-as-expected for the data type (by their implementation timeframe)

  And for the RADIUS server which do NOT check the length, what do
they do?  Often, they'll just use the first 4 octets of the IPv6
address as the IPv4 address.

> b) ignore the attribute value

  Or happily core dump.
 
> c) perhaps flag or log the problem

  Or ignore the problem silently, if they don't core dump.

> None of these consequences would be really unusual, as operationally  the 
> client and server must converge on a mutually understood set of attributes 
> anyways.

  (laughs hysterically)

  I guess you have more faith than I do in the various RADIUS
implementations.  Many of the ones I've seen work fine.  However,
there are a large number which are abysmal, and the people using them
cannot, or will not upgrade, or else they simply don't understand that
there is a problem.

  Given the worst scenario (the status quo), I don't think my
descriptions of events are unreasonable.

> Older servers would not be able to encode these values, and therefore would 
> not interoperate with a hypothetical IPv6 RADIUS-speaking NAS.

  I'm pessimistic.  I've seen enough RADIUS interoperability problems
to be wary of changes which can cause even more problems.  New
attributes for IPv6 would be the path to the highest level of
interoperation.
 
  Alan DeKok.
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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Thu Jun  1 15:20:51 2000
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Date: Thu, 01 Jun 2000 14:53:50 -0400
To: Alan DeKok <aland@striker.ottawa.on.ca>, ietf-radius@livingston.com
From: "David Mitton" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: Re: (radius) IPv6
In-Reply-To: <200006011443.KAA25739@cpu1751.adsl.bellglobal.com>
References: <Your message of "Wed,
            31 May 2000 18:44:12 EDT." <4.2.2.20000531182910.00db77d0@ZBL6C008.corpeast.baynetworks.com>
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At 10:43 AM 6/1/00 -0400, Alan DeKok wrote:
>"David Mitton" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com> wrote:
> > ... I'm concerned about the concept of non-six byte ipaddr attributes
> > "breaking" existing servers.
>
>   Over-loading functionality onto something never designed to have
>that functionality often breaks it.  This shouldn't be a surprise.
>
> > While they may not understand the value, I would hope that;
> >
> > a) they would check the length and realize the attribute value received is
> > not-as-expected for the data type (by their implementation timeframe)
>
>   And for the RADIUS server which do NOT check the length, what do
>they do?  Often, they'll just use the first 4 octets of the IPv6
>address as the IPv4 address.

I would argue that implementation is already broken.  And this just serves 
as an illustration and impetus to change.

> > b) ignore the attribute value
>
>   Or happily core dump.

That gets people's attention quickly.

>
> > c) perhaps flag or log the problem
>
>   Or ignore the problem silently, if they don't core dump.

Except that the users' don't get the address they wanted or need.


> > None of these consequences would be really unusual, as operationally  the
> > client and server must converge on a mutually understood set of attributes
> > anyways.
>
>   (laughs hysterically)
>
>   I guess you have more faith than I do in the various RADIUS
>implementations.  Many of the ones I've seen work fine.  However,
>there are a large number which are abysmal, and the people using them
>cannot, or will not upgrade, or else they simply don't understand that
>there is a problem.

But the fact of the matter is that the RADIUS client and server MUST 
exchange what's needed or the ISP cannot provide the service.

Actually, I'm just grabbing the opportunity to play advocate for more 
robust software.  If I just get one more person to write more defensive 
protocol code, the network becomes a safer place.



>   Given the worst scenario (the status quo), I don't think my
>descriptions of events are unreasonable.
>
> > Older servers would not be able to encode these values, and therefore 
> would
> > not interoperate with a hypothetical IPv6 RADIUS-speaking NAS.
>
>   I'm pessimistic.  I've seen enough RADIUS interoperability problems
>to be wary of changes which can cause even more problems.  New
>attributes for IPv6 would be the path to the highest level of
>interoperation.
>

Don't try to out-pessim me...;^)

If you always believe the current stuff won't work if extended, how will 
you ever build new stuff??  Eventually you have to go there.

Given the speed of NAS IPv6 implementations I've witnessed, maybe they 
won't have to implement RADIUS by the time they are ready.

         sigh... Dave.


>   Alan DeKok.
>-
>To unsubscribe, email 'majordomo@livingston.com' with
>'unsubscribe ietf-radius' in the body of the message.

---------------------------------------------------------------
David Mitton                                  ESN: 248-4570
Advisor, Nortel Networks                      978-288-4570 Direct
Carrier Packet Solutions, IP Mobility         978-288-???? FAX
Billerica, MA 01821                    dmitton@nortelnetworks.com

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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Thu Jun  1 15:28:24 2000
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To: ietf-radius@livingston.com
Subject: Re: (radius) IPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 01 Jun 2000 14:53:50 EDT."
             <4.2.2.20000601144616.00d6d820@ZBL6C008.corpeast.baynetworks.com> 
Date: Thu, 01 Jun 2000 15:29:45 -0400
From: Alan DeKok <aland@striker.ottawa.on.ca>
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"David Mitton" <dmitton@nortelnetworks.com> wrote:
    [re:  ipv6 address in RADIUS pseudo-IPv4 attributes ]

> >   Or ignore the problem silently, if they don't core dump.
> 
> Except that the users' don't get the address they wanted or need.

  And they call YOUR tech support, and waste YOUR time, because the
software does weird things.

  I don't know about you, but I hate anwering questions.  If the
protocol can be designed to be robust and well-behaved under
implementation and administrator abuse, that's a damn good thing.

> But the fact of the matter is that the RADIUS client and server MUST 
> exchange what's needed or the ISP cannot provide the service.

  What about:

     NAS -> ipv6 aware proxy -> non-ipv6 aware server

  With IPv6 addresses in old IPv4 RADIUS attributes, the end server
dumps core, or returns garbage, and the CORRECTLY WRITTEN proxy server
cannot properly handle the request.

  Your servers are no better than the weakest link in the
authorization/authentication chain.

  If the end server sees the IPv6 attributes as NEW attributes, it
just logs & ignores them.  Everything should still mostly work the same.

> Actually, I'm just grabbing the opportunity to play advocate for more 
> robust software.  If I just get one more person to write more defensive 
> protocol code, the network becomes a safer place.

  That's why my opinion is that new IPv6 specific RADIUS attributes
are the preferred approach.

> If you always believe the current stuff won't work if extended, how will 
> you ever build new stuff??  Eventually you have to go there.

  You don't change the foundation under the house if you don't have
to.  The RADIUS foundation is shaky, but it's mostly stable.  I'd
rather see an IPv6 addition in RADIUS, than knocking a whole in an
already shaky foundation, and patching it with duct tape.

  Alan DeKok.
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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Thu Jun  1 16:15:00 2000
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Message-Id: <200006012011.QAA27257@cpu1751.adsl.bellglobal.com>
To: ietf-radius@livingston.com
Subject: Re: (radius) IPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 01 Jun 2000 12:47:26 PDT."
             <Roam.SIMC.2.0.6.959888846.30190.pcalhoun@nasnfs-84.eng> 
Date: Thu, 01 Jun 2000 16:10:59 -0400
From: Alan DeKok <aland@striker.ottawa.on.ca>
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Reply-To: Alan DeKok <aland@striker.ottawa.on.ca>

"pcalhoun@eng.sun.com" <pcalhoun@nasnfs-84.eng.sun.com> wrote:

> Putting aside the core dump, creating new Attributes with a new
> Type, call it IPv6-Address, will NOT work with non-IPv6 aware
> routers. At best, they will be handled as opaque objects.

  Yes.  Or, they can be handled as 'string', which will work with most
servers.

  This is an aside, but I'm really disappointed that the original
RADIUS protocol didn't define an 'octets' data type, where the data is
input/output as hex strings.  The 'string' attribute is nice, but
there are too many different implementation-specific modes of
behaviour for non-ASCII 'string' data.

> However, if the NAS-IP-Address-V6 attribute (or whatever it ends up
> being called) is not recognized by the non-v6 server, the request
> will be dropped.

  Why?  Servers can get hordes of attributes that they don't
understand.  Some NAS vendors pollute the low attribute numbers with
their own VSA's.  Some RADIUS administrators don't update their
dictionaries with NAS vendor VSA's.

  In either case, the server can generally ignore what it doesn't
understand, and continue processing the parts of the request it does
understand.  (i.e. Access-Request, User-Name, Password).

  I think that few, if any, RADIUS servers drop requests which contain
an attribute that they don't understand.

> Certainly one could request that the proxy be responsible for
> address translation, but this removes the NAS' original address,
> which is required by most ISPs.

  Agreed, we shouldn't go down that path.

> I would argue that replacing the foundation would not only be MUCH
> more solid, but it would design to withstand eathquakes that
> register 8 on the richter scale, water proof, etc.

  Then it's DIAMETER, not RADIUS.  And for full confidence, it would
greatly help to have a reference implementation that people
interoperate with or ELSE.

  One of the reasons RADIUS is so shaky is that most people did their
own thing on implementation.  The protocol is *nearly* interoperable
across implementations, but it isn't *completely* interoperable.

>  Certainly, replacing the foundation with cardboard and tape is not
> an option, and I am not sure that anyone was proposing doing that.

  There was the suggestion for dropping IPv6 addresses into IPv4
RADIUS attributes, and having the IPv6 recognition via the different
length.  I'd like to squash that with loud cries of "please, no!"

  Alan DeKok.
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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Thu Jun  1 16:39:41 2000
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To: ietf-radius@livingston.com
Subject: Re: (radius) IPv6 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 01 Jun 2000 13:25:43 PDT."
             <3936C6C6.A121A5F@ascend.com> 
Date: Thu, 01 Jun 2000 16:40:16 -0400
From: Alan DeKok <aland@striker.ottawa.on.ca>
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Reply-To: Alan DeKok <aland@striker.ottawa.on.ca>

Bill Webb <wwebb@ascend.com> wrote:
> Well, given that certain unnamed NAS vendors are running out of Attribute
> numbers (yes, even using VSA's), I'd hate to see an extra 5-10 attributes
> identical to existing attributes except for having IPv6 addresses.

  That is a problem, definitely.

> How about having an attribute that when sent to a radius server says
> if it will accept IPv4, or IPv6 addresses (or both) and when sent
> from the radius server to the NAS says that the NAS can assume IP
> addresses are IPv4, IPv6, or it should check the length of IP
> addresses to figure it out. 

  RADIUS as a stateful protocol?  The ground shakes beneath me! :)


  Another possible idea is over-loading of the Vendor-ID in the VSA.
My reading of the network management private enterprise code documents
shows that this space is very sparsely populated.  It should be
possible to change the 32-bit Vendor-Id to:

   0                   1                   2                   3
   0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  |  Vendor-Attribute-Sub-Space   |            Vendor-Id          |
  +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


  Off of the top of my head, I can't think of many ways that this
would break existing RADIUS implementations.  You'd just have vendors
'lucent-1', 'lucent-2', etc.

  Alan DeKok.
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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Wed Jun 14 11:33:34 2000
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From: "Volodymyr Tarasevych" <volodymyr@vircom.com>
To: <ietf-radius@livingston.com>
Subject: (radius) MS-CHAP and RADIUS
Date: Wed, 14 Jun 2000 11:27:31 -0400
Message-ID: <IAEAKLPEFMDCCINNHLAJOEFFCBAA.volodymyr@vircom.com>
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I would like some help. How may I properly calculate MS-CHAP in a RADIUS
request?

I have used RFC 2433, but this does not work as I expected.
Using the RFC, I get only the last byte matching in the triplets (LM hash and NT
hash).

Here is an example:

Username: "user"
Password: "password"

Challenge string(Vendor-Type 11): 2E 39 14 22 2E 0B 3D 05
Valid MS-CHAP reponse (Vendor-Type 1) is:
81
01
A0 A7 84 FC 1F 25 A6 DD
F6 01 12 40 ED F8 F1 2B
C1 03 E0 A1 9F 96 85 A1
5B 06 EA 06 0F 3C CC B1
89 14 F0 43 ED 4A AC 8A
38 65 0F D9 BB 56 99 B9

I have properly calculated LM hash and NT hash:
LM hash is
45 7C 2A 41 10 D8 98 80
7C 04 38 8A 05 EF 75 CB
C1 03 E0 A1 9F 96 85 A1
NT hash is
3F B7 B6 BC 66 98 CF E7
8C 80 F0 97 F9 35 33 1E
38 65 0F D9 BB 56 99 B9

You can see that only the last byte matches in the triplets.
I know that my error resides in that I did not take in account the MSCHAP
Identifier, (in our case 0x81) the first byte in the MS-CHAP reponse.
What I should to do next to get a valid MS-CHAP reponse?


Best Regards,
Volodymyr Tarasevych
volodymyr@vircom.com

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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Wed Jun 21 11:05:12 2000
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From: "Peter Lewis" <peter.lewis@upperside.fr>
To: <ietf-radius@livingston.com>
Subject: (radius) IP Policing Conference
Date: Wed, 21 Jun 2000 16:54:12 +0200
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SNMP/Configuration or COPS/DEN?
The " IP Policing Conference" will stand in Paris next 12-15 September:

http://www.upperside.fr/baippol.htm

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
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<HEAD>

<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
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<DIV>SNMP/Configuration or COPS/DEN?</DIV>
<DIV>The &quot; IP Policing Conference&quot; will stand in Paris next =
12-15=20
September:</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><A=20
href=3D"http://www.upperside.fr/baippol.htm">http://www.upperside.fr/baip=
pol.htm</A></DIV></FONT></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Wed Jun 21 11:51:37 2000
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From: Randy Bush <randy@psg.com>
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Subject: Re: (radius) IP Policing Conference
References: <00a201bfdb90$933bb300$7501a8c0@oleane.oleane.com>
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> SNMP/Configuration or COPS/DEN?
> The " IP Policing Conference" will stand in Paris next 12-15 September:

and will we have to wait until then for your damned spam to stop?

randy
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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Wed Jun 28 19:25:36 2000
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Date: Wed, 28 Jun 2000 16:17:11 -0700 (PDT)
From: "pcalhoun@eng.sun.com" <Pat.Calhoun@eng.sun.com>
Subject: (radius) Vendor Specific Attributes
To: ietf-radius@livingston.com
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All,

Is there ANY vendors out there that currently have defined a vendor specific
attribute of 256? What I mean by this would be the standards VSA (26), with
the "Vendor type" field below set to 256:

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |     Type      |  Length       |            Vendor-Id
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
           Vendor-Id (cont)           | Vendor type   | Vendor length |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |    Attribute-Specific...
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-


Of course, I understand that if one was to follow this structure, one could
NEVER use 256, but there are some vendors out there that do not follow this
suggested VSA structure (and those are the one to whom I am asking this
question).

Thanks,

PatC

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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Fri Jun 30 13:57:47 2000
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From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
To: "John R. Martz" <jmartz@us.ibm.com>
Cc: "RADIUS Mailing List" <ietf-radius@livingston.com>, <ietf-ppp@merit.edu>
Subject: (radius) RE: Radius MP attributes?
Date: Fri, 30 Jun 2000 10:45:46 -0700
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John R. Martz [maailto://jmartz@us.ibm.com] writes:

> A co-worker mentioned to me that there are Radius attributes
> defined for use with the Multilink
> Protocol (MP). I've looked at the list of attributes on page 59
> RFC 2138, but nothing I saw there
> seemed to pertain specifically to MP.
>
> Are there Radius attributes for MP (and BAP)? And if so, can
> someone point me towards the RFC that
> describes them?

The only BAP-specific RADIUS attributes of which I'm aware are also
Microsoft vendor-specific (RFC 2548).

>
> Thanks,
> -john martz (jmartz@us.ibm.com)
>   IBM AS/400 TCP/IP PPP (and stuff)
>
>
>
>
>
>

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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Fri Jun 30 15:26:19 2000
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From: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersys.com>
To: "IETF RADIUS WG" <ietf-radius@livingston.com>
Subject: (radius) Question on RFC2619: radiusAuthServTotalBadAuthenticators 
Date: Fri, 30 Jun 2000 15:21:31 -0400
Message-ID: <007901bfe2c8$65db9850$2096a8c0@bridgewatersys.com>
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The description for this MIB variable is:

            "The number of RADIUS Authentication-Request packets
             which contained invalid Signature attributes received."

I assume this should read:

            "The number of RADIUS Authentication-Request packets
             received which contained invalid Signature attributes."

What is a RADIUS Signature attribute in the context of an
Authentication-Request? If it is the Request Authenticator field in the
packet header, how does one determine that it is 'Bad' given that it is a 16
octet random number?

Regards,
       Mark

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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Fri Jun 30 15:48:51 2000
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From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
To: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersys.com>,
        "IETF RADIUS WG" <ietf-radius@livingston.com>
Subject: RE: (radius) Question on RFC2619: radiusAuthServTotalBadAuthenticators 
Date: Fri, 30 Jun 2000 12:42:00 -0700
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Mark Jones [mailto://mjones@bridgewatersys.com] writes:

> The description for this MIB variable is:
>
>             "The number of RADIUS Authentication-Request packets
>              which contained invalid Signature attributes received."
>
> I assume this should read:
>
>             "The number of RADIUS Authentication-Request packets
>              received which contained invalid Signature attributes."

Actually, it should probably read:

            "The number of RADIUS Authentication-Request packets
             received which contained invalid Message-Authenticator
             attributes."

The name of the Signature attribute was changed to avoid confusing people
who habitually equate signatures with public-ley crypto, I believe.

>
> What is a RADIUS Signature attribute in the context of an
> Authentication-Request?

See http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-radius-ext-07.txt

> If it is the Request Authenticator field in the
> packet header, how does one determine that it is 'Bad' given that
> it is a 16
> octet random number?
>
> Regards,
>        Mark
>
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> 'unsubscribe ietf-radius' in the body of the message.
>
>

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From owner-ietf-radius@livingston.com  Fri Jun 30 16:23:03 2000
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From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
To: "Mark Jones" <mjones@bridgewatersystems.com>,
        "IETF RADIUS WG" <ietf-radius@livingston.com>
Cc: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: (radius) Question on RFC2619: radiusAuthServTotalBadAuthenticators 
Date: Fri, 30 Jun 2000 13:15:47 -0700
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Mark Jones [mailto:mjones@bridgewatersystems.com] writes:

> Glen,
>
> Thanks for the prompt reply. While you're changing the description, some
> mention of EAP would be helpful too.

Maybe you're right.  However, the use of the Message-Authenticator
Attribute, while mandated for use with the EAP-Message Attribute, is not
restricted  thereto...

>
> Regards,
>        Mark
>
>
>

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