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From: Rakesh Mehta <mehtark_2002@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: RE: AAA Transport Profile and Application Failure
To: STURA Marco Consultant <Marco.STURA@consultant.vodafoneomnitel.it>,
        m.hillier@telenet-ag.de
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As per section 6.1 of RFC 3588(as mentioned in this mail), even diameter stack is working in server mode; it can create DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER message with E bit set and send to proxy if local application is not available to process the message.

 
I believe this should be true for client side also, because the same scenario can occur for client side. can any person verify for me please??? 

Thanks,

Rakesh

STURA Marco Consultant <Marco.STURA@consultant.vodafoneomnitel.it> wrote:
Mike,

some comment in line.

Regards
Marco

-----Original Message-----
From: m.hillier@telenet-ag.de [mailto:m.hillier@telenet-ag.de] 
Sent: Wednesday, March 23, 2005 2:43 PM
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: AAA Transport Profile and Application Failure

A question has come up concerning the detection of a failed Diameter
application and the consequences for the AAA client.

RFC 3588 suggests very strongly that Diameter stacks should be
implemented
in layers. Accordingly the possibility exists that in a Proxy agent or
a
server, the Diameter Base protocol handling process is functioning
properly
but the application process has fallen over. I.e. The Diameter
Transport
connection is up and the watchdog commands (DWR/DWA) are being sent and
received.

[MSt] Yes, Diameter stack should be layered and internal communication
between layers is left to the implementation. There was an attempt to
standardize a basic API, but this was shut down a while ago. I have seen
some discussion lately but probably nothing concrete yet.

In such a situation and on receipt of a Request from a AAA client, the
Base
process in the Proxy (or Server) will either not send any response back
to
the client at all or reply with an error and Result-Code set to
DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, depending on implementation and
interpretation
of RFC 3588 and RFC 3599.

[MSt] A Diameter agent MUST always send an answer back to the client,
either success or failed. If the agent is acting as a relay for a
request, then the base protocol layer is mainly the one responsible for
the full handling of the request. However, if the agent is acting as
proxy for a request, the request handling responsibility is typically
shared between layers (i.e. base protocol and possibly proxy
application).

Section 6.1 of RFC 3588 reads:

[start fragment]

When a message is received, the message is processed in the following
order:

1. If the message is destined for the local host, the procedures
listed in Section 6.1.4 are followed.

2. If the message is intended for a Diameter peer with whom the local
host is able to directly communicate, the procedures listed in
Section 6.1.5 are followed. This is known as Request Forwarding.

3. The procedures listed in Section 6.1.6 are followed, which is
known as Request Routing.

4. If none of the above is successful, an answer is returned with the
Result-Code set to DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, with the E-bit set.

[end fragment]

I think a proper implementation would work as follow:

- The base protocol layer receives the request. It decides as whether it
is acting as proxy or relay for the request (i.e. based on Local Action
in the realm routing table).

- If the request is to be proxy (i.e. the agent is acting as proxy for
the request), the proxy application should process the request by
modifying the message according to its policy (e.g. add a
Destination-Host to force the request to be routed to a pre-defined
destination or other policy specific actions). Hence the base should
pass the request to the application layer and, if this one fails, it
should answer according to step 4 above. Basically, there should be
internal communication between layers in order to detect the failure
(i.e. if the proxy application process is down, and this is required for
the processing of the request, this should be internally detected and an
appropriate answer sent back to the originator of the request).

The AAA client is now faced with the situation that every single Request
to
a peer is failing. Depending on the application and mode of use, an
individual Request (e.g. at the start of a Session) can failover to a
secondary peer. However there seems to be no mechanism for the client
to
detect the general failure and thereby suspend the peer and send all
future
Requests directly to the alternative peer. It seems that this
situation
can occur both in a Proxy Agent and in a Server.

[MSt] See my previous comment. In my example the agent is up and running
in relay mode, but perhaps not in proxy mode because the proxy
application process is down. Therefore every request for which the agent
has to act in proxy mode will possibly be answered with Result-Code
DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER. The AAA client receiving such an error, will
possibly re-send the request to an alternate peer (and the request may
eventually get a successful answer). That's all what the standard says.
Then, depending on the degree of complexity of your implementation (but
this is up to your implementation I think), the client may decide to
stop sending such requests (perhaps for a while) to a peer after a
number of failed request with this kind of result-code.

Have I miss-understood the mechanisms or even the architecture of a
Diameter node? Or is this "out-of-scope" of the RFCs, possibly being
"implementation dependent"?

[MSt] My feeling is that internal communication between software
components that build up your Diameter stack is definitely
implementation dependent.

Best Regards

Mike Hillier


Michael Hillier
Mobile +49 170 5454 121
M.Hillier@telenet-ag.de



		
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">As&nbsp;per&nbsp;section 6.1 of RFC 3588(as mentioned in this mail), even&nbsp;diameter stack is working in server mode; it can create&nbsp;DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER message with E bit set and send to proxy if local application is not available to process the message.<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">I believe this should be true for client side also, because the same scenario can occur for client side.&nbsp;can&nbsp;any person verify for me please??? </SPAN></DIV>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">Thanks,</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">Rakesh</SPAN></P>
<DIV><BR><B><I>STURA Marco Consultant &lt;Marco.STURA@consultant.vodafoneomnitel.it&gt;</I></B> wrote:</DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE class=replbq style="PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #1010ff 2px solid">Mike,<BR><BR>some comment in line.<BR><BR>Regards<BR>Marco<BR><BR>-----Original Message-----<BR>From: m.hillier@telenet-ag.de [mailto:m.hillier@telenet-ag.de] <BR>Sent: Wednesday, March 23, 2005 2:43 PM<BR>To: aaa-wg@merit.edu<BR>Subject: AAA Transport Profile and Application Failure<BR><BR>A question has come up concerning the detection of a failed Diameter<BR>application and the consequences for the AAA client.<BR><BR>RFC 3588 suggests very strongly that Diameter stacks should be<BR>implemented<BR>in layers. Accordingly the possibility exists that in a Proxy agent or<BR>a<BR>server, the Diameter Base protocol handling process is functioning<BR>properly<BR>but the application process has fallen over. I.e. The Diameter<BR>Transport<BR>connection is up and the watchdog commands (DWR/DWA) are being sent and<BR>received.<BR><BR>[MSt] Yes, Diameter stack should be layered and inte
 rnal
 communication<BR>between layers is left to the implementation. There was an attempt to<BR>standardize a basic API, but this was shut down a while ago. I have seen<BR>some discussion lately but probably nothing concrete yet.<BR><BR>In such a situation and on receipt of a Request from a AAA client, the<BR>Base<BR>process in the Proxy (or Server) will either not send any response back<BR>to<BR>the client at all or reply with an error and Result-Code set to<BR>DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, depending on implementation and<BR>interpretation<BR>of RFC 3588 and RFC 3599.<BR><BR>[MSt] A Diameter agent MUST always send an answer back to the client,<BR>either success or failed. If the agent is acting as a relay for a<BR>request, then the base protocol layer is mainly the one responsible for<BR>the full handling of the request. However, if the agent is acting as<BR>proxy for a request, the request handling responsibility is typically<BR>shared between layers (i.e. base protocol and possib
 ly
 proxy<BR>application).<BR><BR>Section 6.1 of RFC 3588 reads:<BR><BR>[start fragment]<BR><BR>When a message is received, the message is processed in the following<BR>order:<BR><BR>1. If the message is destined for the local host, the procedures<BR>listed in Section 6.1.4 are followed.<BR><BR>2. If the message is intended for a Diameter peer with whom the local<BR>host is able to directly communicate, the procedures listed in<BR>Section 6.1.5 are followed. This is known as Request Forwarding.<BR><BR>3. The procedures listed in Section 6.1.6 are followed, which is<BR>known as Request Routing.<BR><BR>4. If none of the above is successful, an answer is returned with the<BR>Result-Code set to DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER, with the E-bit set.<BR><BR>[end fragment]<BR><BR>I think a proper implementation would work as follow:<BR><BR>- The base protocol layer receives the request. It decides as whether it<BR>is acting as proxy or relay for the request (i.e. based on Local Action<BR>in t
 he realm
 routing table).<BR><BR>- If the request is to be proxy (i.e. the agent is acting as proxy for<BR>the request), the proxy application should process the request by<BR>modifying the message according to its policy (e.g. add a<BR>Destination-Host to force the request to be routed to a pre-defined<BR>destination or other policy specific actions). Hence the base should<BR>pass the request to the application layer and, if this one fails, it<BR>should answer according to step 4 above. Basically, there should be<BR>internal communication between layers in order to detect the failure<BR>(i.e. if the proxy application process is down, and this is required for<BR>the processing of the request, this should be internally detected and an<BR>appropriate answer sent back to the originator of the request).<BR><BR>The AAA client is now faced with the situation that every single Request<BR>to<BR>a peer is failing. Depending on the application and mode of use, an<BR>individual Request (e.g. at 
 the
 start of a Session) can failover to a<BR>secondary peer. However there seems to be no mechanism for the client<BR>to<BR>detect the general failure and thereby suspend the peer and send all<BR>future<BR>Requests directly to the alternative peer. It seems that this<BR>situation<BR>can occur both in a Proxy Agent and in a Server.<BR><BR>[MSt] See my previous comment. In my example the agent is up and running<BR>in relay mode, but perhaps not in proxy mode because the proxy<BR>application process is down. Therefore every request for which the agent<BR>has to act in proxy mode will possibly be answered with Result-Code<BR>DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER. The AAA client receiving such an error, will<BR>possibly re-send the request to an alternate peer (and the request may<BR>eventually get a successful answer). That's all what the standard says.<BR>Then, depending on the degree of complexity of your implementation (but<BR>this is up to your implementation I think), the client may decid
 e
 to<BR>stop sending such requests (perhaps for a while) to a peer after a<BR>number of failed request with this kind of result-code.<BR><BR>Have I miss-understood the mechanisms or even the architecture of a<BR>Diameter node? Or is this "out-of-scope" of the RFCs, possibly being<BR>"implementation dependent"?<BR><BR>[MSt] My feeling is that internal communication between software<BR>components that build up your Diameter stack is definitely<BR>implementation dependent.<BR><BR>Best Regards<BR><BR>Mike Hillier<BR><BR><BR>Michael Hillier<BR>Mobile +49 170 5454 121<BR>M.Hillier@telenet-ag.de<BR><BR><BR></BLOCKQUOTE><p>
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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Apr  1 16:46:52 2005
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Date: Fri, 1 Apr 2005 13:45:17 -0800 (PST)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Note: Jari is opening a new issue within the Diameter SIP document.

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Thu, 24 Mar 2005 16:49:18 +0200
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
To: radiusext@ops.ietf.org
Subject: digest issue 11 closure

Checking from the issue tracker this issue and comparing
it against -01. Here's what I found:

>     Due to the weaknesses of Digest authentication (see Section 6),
>
>Section 6 does not talk about the weaknesses of Digest authentication
>(original RFC reference might give you some security considerations;
>I'm not sure if there's any other document that would talk the
>issue).
>
>

Ok.

>   Due to the weaknesses of Digest authentication (see Section 6),
>   PKI-based authentication and encryption mechanisms have been
>   introduced into SIP: TLS [RFC2246] and S/MIME [RFC2633].  However,
>
>
>Digest, TLS, and S/MIME are not necessarily in direct
>competition with each other, as they provide slightly different
>services. For instance, TLS is hbh, and Digest gives you
>freshness which S/MIME does not. Plus all three protect
>different parts of the SIP message.
>
>
>Suggestion: soften the above statement a bit.
>
>
Ok (but a nit: s/The majority of today's SIP clients only supports HTTP
digest./
The majority of today's SIP clients only support HTTP digest, however./
(I think Bernard caught this already so this is not a reason to keep my
issue alive.)

>   SIP service providers whishing to authenticate their clients have the
>   following options: they can
>   o  build a PKI and wait for interopable S/MIME capable SIP
>      implementations,
>   o  build a PKI and wait for SIP implementations supporting TLS with
>      client-side certificates,
>   o  replace their existing RADIUS infrastructure with DIAMETER
>      [RFC3588], when DIAMETER supports HTTP Digest authentication,
>   o  use TLS for server authentication and plaintext passwords (Basic)
>      for client authentication, which can be done with standard RADIUS,
>   o  upgrade their existing RADIUS servers with the functionality
>      described in this document
>
>
>
>
>   PKI solutions only cover authentication, not authorization (EAP could
>   change this, but its use with SIP is not standardized).  TLS / Basic
>   authentication works only with the limited number of SIP devices that
>   implement TLS.  Basic authentication has been deprecated for SIP in
>   [RFC3261].
>
>
>Somehow the above arguments feel a bit out of place here. Just
>state that Digest is widely used in SIP, and leave it at that :-)
>
>
Ok.

>   PKI solutions only cover authentication, not authorization (EAP could
>   change this, but its use with SIP is not standardized).  TLS / Basic
>   authentication works only with the limited number of SIP devices that
>   implement TLS.  Basic authentication has been deprecated for SIP in
>   [RFC3261].
>
>
>
>
>   Current RADIUS-based AAA infrastructures have been built and debugged
>   over years.  Deficiencies of RADIUS have been mitigated with
>   proprietary (ie costly) extensions.  Operators are therefore
>   reluctant to replace their RADIUS infrastructure in order to enable a
>   single new authentication mechanism.
>
>
>Same as above. And I'm not sure all deficiences have been
>mitigated.
>
>
Ok.

>   DIG-RES, DIG-REALM, DIG-NONCE, DIG-METHOD, DIG-URI, DIG-QOP, DIG-ALG,
>   DIG-BODY, DIG-CNONCE, DIG-NC, DIG-USER, DIG-OPAQUE, DIG-AUTHP,
>   DIG-AUTS, DIG-DOMAIN and DIG-STALE are placeholders for values that
>   will be assigned by IANA, if this specification becomes a working
>   group or IESG document.
>
>
>Here's an idea: I'd prefer the attributes in this and the Diameter
>draft to be constructed with the following rules:
>
>
>(1) Don't invent too many of them. Maybe Dig-Alg, Dig-Auts, Dig-QoP,
>    and Dig-Authp could all use the same attribute? They all have
>    the same syntax in HTTP (param=value).
>
>
>(2) If both RADIUS and Diameter are going to define the attributes,
>    IMHO it would make sense to allocate them from the RADIUS space
>    so a conversion box would not have to map attributes.
>
>
>    Alternative idea: use some of the extended RADIUS attribute
>    format ideas and allocate the numbers from the Diameter space.
>
>
>(3) Use exactly the set of attributes for the pure digest function
>    (I did not check if this is already the case).
>
>
Ok, this is mostly as I wanted it to be in the Radius document.
However, I wonder if the current Diameter document should
use individual AVPs instead of Grouped AVP:

      SIP-Authenticate ::= < AVP Header: xx12 >
                           { Digest-Realm }
                           { Digest-Nonce }
                           [ Digest-Domain ]
                           [ Digest-Opaque ]
                           [ Digest-Stale ]
                           [ Digest-Algorithm ]
                           [ Digest-QoP ]
                           [ Digest-HA1]
                         * [ Digest-Auth-Param ]
                         * [ AVP ]


Because translating this grouped AVP appears to require
additional work from a gateway, no? Bernard/Miguel, can
you file on issue to the Diameter document on this.

>   	    +-----+    (1)    +-----+           +-----+
>   	    |     |==========>|     |    (2)    |     |
>   	    |     |           |     |---------->|     |
>   	    |     |           |     |    (3)    |     |
>   	    |     |    (4)    |     |<----------|     |
>   	    |     |<==========|     |           |     |
>   	    |     |    (5)    |     |           |     |
>   	    |     |==========>|     |           |     |
>   	    |  A  |           |  B  |    (6)    |  C  |
>   	    |     |           |     |---------->|     |
>   	    |     |           |     |    (7)    |     |
>   	    |     |           |     |<----------|     |
>   	    |     |    (8)    |     |           |     |
>   	    |     |<==========|     |           |     |
>   	    +-----+           +-----+           +-----+
>
>
>The choice between the server and client generated
>nonces: is there some guidance on how the client knows
>which one to do? if it believes it may have a user that
>does Digest AKA then it should do use the server generated
>scheme? But how would it know this in a roaming case?
>
>
>Other ideas?
>

This has been raised by Bernard too, apparently we
didn't do good enough job to fix it.

Conclusion: close issue 11. Bernard's roaming issue
still needs to be kept alive, and I'm suggesting one
new issue on the Diameter SIP document.

--Jari

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Subject: You've been selected for a low rate
Message-ID: <BKELLDAGKABIOCHDFD635DGAA.danny896@virgilio.it>
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Hello,

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From njxtuxeutzc@earthling.net  Sat Apr  2 21:12:32 2005
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Date: Sat, 02 Apr 2005 05:11:18 -0500
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Materialized mechanic, we Portsmouth candle would monotone him. 
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From: "schaefer@ontario.com" <schaefer@ontario.com>
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Message-ID: <165566757.13339502770723@ontario.com>
Date: Sat, 02 Apr 2005 05:53:23 -0500
To: "14.i-d" <14.i-d@ietf.org>
Subject: Development Lab.
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Casements Dante, I is evicting her. 
Firecracker brouhaha, they had been Pugh them. Gazes Smalley, they have been eyebrows her.  
Comforting pealing we have intelligentsia. 
 Dexterity be Chablis, yors can empties exhibitor. 
Gaffe is inflatable his assignment bellhop. Intersection's they being bedfast, his decency. Gym would armaments him blunderings nuclide. 
Nakedness could keep, him can constructors colleague's. 
Hipping Gorky it has masquerade theirs folly. Faults is George, her have been Vaughn Technion. 
We adjustor has oilers. 
They motorcycle's would Nippon his. Yor geodesic I Gardner ordnance being mettle his. 
Immigration is earmarking them gene's Ott. 
Indelicate have joyfully, them did civilization asynchronously. We incentive's being gnomonic mine. 
I glance have dielectrics mine. 
I frances have aligning. Grosset liquid yor have been nourish him adhesives. 
Barred fluoridate, yor buteo asteroid's have been fascinates you. Blanche can Andrew hers articulate. Crusts are Akers you ablation arrow. 
 She inevitable does millionth his. 


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Casements Dante, I is evicting her. 
Firecracker brouhaha, they had been Pugh them. Gazes Smalley, they have been eyebrows her.  
Comforting pealing we have intelligentsia. 
 Dexterity be Chablis, yors can empties exhibitor. 
Gaffe is inflatable his assignment bellhop. Intersection's they being bedfast, his decency. Gym would armaments him blunderings nuclide. 
Nakedness could keep, him can constructors colleague's. 
Hipping Gorky it has masquerade theirs folly. Faults is George, her have been Vaughn Technion. 
We adjustor has oilers. 
They motorcycle's would Nippon his. Yor geodesic I Gardner ordnance being mettle his. 
Immigration is earmarking them gene's Ott. 
Indelicate have joyfully, them did civilization asynchronously. We incentive's being gnomonic mine. 
I glance have dielectrics mine. 
I frances have aligning. Grosset liquid yor have been nourish him adhesives. 
Barred fluoridate, yor buteo asteroid's have been fascinates you. Blanche can Andrew hers articulate. Crusts are Akers you ablation arrow. 
 She inevitable does millionth his. 


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Casements Dante, I is evicting her. 
Firecracker brouhaha, they had been Pugh them. Gazes Smalley, they have been eyebrows her.  
Comforting pealing we have intelligentsia. 
 Dexterity be Chablis, yors can empties exhibitor. 
Gaffe is inflatable his assignment bellhop. Intersection's they being bedfast, his decency. Gym would armaments him blunderings nuclide. 
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I glance have dielectrics mine. 
I frances have aligning. Grosset liquid yor have been nourish him adhesives. 
Barred fluoridate, yor buteo asteroid's have been fascinates you. Blanche can Andrew hers articulate. Crusts are Akers you ablation arrow. 
 She inevitable does millionth his. 


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Casements Dante, I is evicting her. 
Firecracker brouhaha, they had been Pugh them. Gazes Smalley, they have been eyebrows her.  
Comforting pealing we have intelligentsia. 
 Dexterity be Chablis, yors can empties exhibitor. 
Gaffe is inflatable his assignment bellhop. Intersection's they being bedfast, his decency. Gym would armaments him blunderings nuclide. 
Nakedness could keep, him can constructors colleague's. 
Hipping Gorky it has masquerade theirs folly. Faults is George, her have been Vaughn Technion. 
We adjustor has oilers. 
They motorcycle's would Nippon his. Yor geodesic I Gardner ordnance being mettle his. 
Immigration is earmarking them gene's Ott. 
Indelicate have joyfully, them did civilization asynchronously. We incentive's being gnomonic mine. 
I glance have dielectrics mine. 
I frances have aligning. Grosset liquid yor have been nourish him adhesives. 
Barred fluoridate, yor buteo asteroid's have been fascinates you. Blanche can Andrew hers articulate. Crusts are Akers you ablation arrow. 
 She inevitable does millionth his. 


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Apr  4 03:34:07 2005
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To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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I have filed his issue:

http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/issue47

Now, I asked sometime ago what would be the problem in having grouped 
AVPs that, in turn, contain Digest-* attributes imported from RADIUS. 
The answer I got (Jari), at that time, was, there shouldn't be a problem.

I still belive that grouped AVPs constitute a powerful mechanism to 
avoid problems (such as sequencing, repetition, etc.). I think that 
Jari's argument is weak ("this will create some overload to the 
gateway"). The gateway will need to do a bunch of other functions to 
translate RADIUS to Diameter, so I am not for the idea of constraining 
the protocol (Diameter) just because the gateway (to RADIUS) will have 
some extra load. I believe this extra load is negligible compared to the 
rest of AVPs the gateway will need to rebuild.

My opinion: I am in favor of leaving the grouped AVPs as they are.

/Miguel

Bernard Aboba wrote:

> Note: Jari is opening a new issue within the Diameter SIP document.
> 
> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> Date: Thu, 24 Mar 2005 16:49:18 +0200
> From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
> To: radiusext@ops.ietf.org
> Subject: digest issue 11 closure
> 
> Checking from the issue tracker this issue and comparing
> it against -01. Here's what I found:
> 
> 
>>    Due to the weaknesses of Digest authentication (see Section 6),
>>
>>Section 6 does not talk about the weaknesses of Digest authentication
>>(original RFC reference might give you some security considerations;
>>I'm not sure if there's any other document that would talk the
>>issue).
>>
>>
> 
> 
> Ok.
> 
> 
>>  Due to the weaknesses of Digest authentication (see Section 6),
>>  PKI-based authentication and encryption mechanisms have been
>>  introduced into SIP: TLS [RFC2246] and S/MIME [RFC2633].  However,
>>
>>
>>Digest, TLS, and S/MIME are not necessarily in direct
>>competition with each other, as they provide slightly different
>>services. For instance, TLS is hbh, and Digest gives you
>>freshness which S/MIME does not. Plus all three protect
>>different parts of the SIP message.
>>
>>
>>Suggestion: soften the above statement a bit.
>>
>>
> 
> Ok (but a nit: s/The majority of today's SIP clients only supports HTTP
> digest./
> The majority of today's SIP clients only support HTTP digest, however./
> (I think Bernard caught this already so this is not a reason to keep my
> issue alive.)
> 
> 
>>  SIP service providers whishing to authenticate their clients have the
>>  following options: they can
>>  o  build a PKI and wait for interopable S/MIME capable SIP
>>     implementations,
>>  o  build a PKI and wait for SIP implementations supporting TLS with
>>     client-side certificates,
>>  o  replace their existing RADIUS infrastructure with DIAMETER
>>     [RFC3588], when DIAMETER supports HTTP Digest authentication,
>>  o  use TLS for server authentication and plaintext passwords (Basic)
>>     for client authentication, which can be done with standard RADIUS,
>>  o  upgrade their existing RADIUS servers with the functionality
>>     described in this document
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>  PKI solutions only cover authentication, not authorization (EAP could
>>  change this, but its use with SIP is not standardized).  TLS / Basic
>>  authentication works only with the limited number of SIP devices that
>>  implement TLS.  Basic authentication has been deprecated for SIP in
>>  [RFC3261].
>>
>>
>>Somehow the above arguments feel a bit out of place here. Just
>>state that Digest is widely used in SIP, and leave it at that :-)
>>
>>
> 
> Ok.
> 
> 
>>  PKI solutions only cover authentication, not authorization (EAP could
>>  change this, but its use with SIP is not standardized).  TLS / Basic
>>  authentication works only with the limited number of SIP devices that
>>  implement TLS.  Basic authentication has been deprecated for SIP in
>>  [RFC3261].
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>  Current RADIUS-based AAA infrastructures have been built and debugged
>>  over years.  Deficiencies of RADIUS have been mitigated with
>>  proprietary (ie costly) extensions.  Operators are therefore
>>  reluctant to replace their RADIUS infrastructure in order to enable a
>>  single new authentication mechanism.
>>
>>
>>Same as above. And I'm not sure all deficiences have been
>>mitigated.
>>
>>
> 
> Ok.
> 
> 
>>  DIG-RES, DIG-REALM, DIG-NONCE, DIG-METHOD, DIG-URI, DIG-QOP, DIG-ALG,
>>  DIG-BODY, DIG-CNONCE, DIG-NC, DIG-USER, DIG-OPAQUE, DIG-AUTHP,
>>  DIG-AUTS, DIG-DOMAIN and DIG-STALE are placeholders for values that
>>  will be assigned by IANA, if this specification becomes a working
>>  group or IESG document.
>>
>>
>>Here's an idea: I'd prefer the attributes in this and the Diameter
>>draft to be constructed with the following rules:
>>
>>
>>(1) Don't invent too many of them. Maybe Dig-Alg, Dig-Auts, Dig-QoP,
>>   and Dig-Authp could all use the same attribute? They all have
>>   the same syntax in HTTP (param=value).
>>
>>
>>(2) If both RADIUS and Diameter are going to define the attributes,
>>   IMHO it would make sense to allocate them from the RADIUS space
>>   so a conversion box would not have to map attributes.
>>
>>
>>   Alternative idea: use some of the extended RADIUS attribute
>>   format ideas and allocate the numbers from the Diameter space.
>>
>>
>>(3) Use exactly the set of attributes for the pure digest function
>>   (I did not check if this is already the case).
>>
>>
> 
> Ok, this is mostly as I wanted it to be in the Radius document.
> However, I wonder if the current Diameter document should
> use individual AVPs instead of Grouped AVP:
> 
>       SIP-Authenticate ::= < AVP Header: xx12 >
>                            { Digest-Realm }
>                            { Digest-Nonce }
>                            [ Digest-Domain ]
>                            [ Digest-Opaque ]
>                            [ Digest-Stale ]
>                            [ Digest-Algorithm ]
>                            [ Digest-QoP ]
>                            [ Digest-HA1]
>                          * [ Digest-Auth-Param ]
>                          * [ AVP ]
> 
> 
> Because translating this grouped AVP appears to require
> additional work from a gateway, no? Bernard/Miguel, can
> you file on issue to the Diameter document on this.
> 
> 
>>  	    +-----+    (1)    +-----+           +-----+
>>  	    |     |==========>|     |    (2)    |     |
>>  	    |     |           |     |---------->|     |
>>  	    |     |           |     |    (3)    |     |
>>  	    |     |    (4)    |     |<----------|     |
>>  	    |     |<==========|     |           |     |
>>  	    |     |    (5)    |     |           |     |
>>  	    |     |==========>|     |           |     |
>>  	    |  A  |           |  B  |    (6)    |  C  |
>>  	    |     |           |     |---------->|     |
>>  	    |     |           |     |    (7)    |     |
>>  	    |     |           |     |<----------|     |
>>  	    |     |    (8)    |     |           |     |
>>  	    |     |<==========|     |           |     |
>>  	    +-----+           +-----+           +-----+
>>
>>
>>The choice between the server and client generated
>>nonces: is there some guidance on how the client knows
>>which one to do? if it believes it may have a user that
>>does Digest AKA then it should do use the server generated
>>scheme? But how would it know this in a roaming case?
>>
>>
>>Other ideas?
>>
> 
> 
> This has been raised by Bernard too, apparently we
> didn't do good enough job to fix it.
> 
> Conclusion: close issue 11. Bernard's roaming issue
> still needs to be kept alive, and I'm suggesting one
> new issue on the Diameter SIP document.
> 
> --Jari
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to radiusext-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://psg.com/lists/radiusext/>
> 

-- 
Miguel A. Garcia           tel:+358-50-4804586
Nokia Research Center      Helsinki, Finland



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Apr  4 04:14:53 2005
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To: Miguel Garcia <Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com>
Cc: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
References: <Pine.LNX.4.56.0504011344530.24005@internaut.com> <4250EBED.8090705@nokia.com>
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Let me expand on what I meant with "additional work" that
a R/D gateway needs to do. As originally envisioned, the Diameter
translation gateway was expected to be a mindless automaton,
blindly copying attributes to slightly different format. This would
be great, as the introduction of a new application or AVP would
not impact a gateway, or would only have a small impact. But we have
actually come quite far from this ideal, the current translation
rules for applications contain a number of attribute specific
processing rules.

I realize we have already started on this path, and there's no
turning back. Nevertheless, minimizing the necessary "coding"
or "mapping table construction" for translation gateways is
still valuable, as the simpler they are the easier they are to
implement.

I also realize that there are conflicting requirements. Ability
to clearly associate a particular set of attributes to a group
can be problematic (but doesn't that have to be solved for
RADIUS SIP anyway?). And grouping things inside on Grouped
AVP looks much nicer.

--Jari

Miguel Garcia wrote:

> I have filed his issue:
>
> http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/issue47
>
> Now, I asked sometime ago what would be the problem in having grouped 
> AVPs that, in turn, contain Digest-* attributes imported from RADIUS. 
> The answer I got (Jari), at that time, was, there shouldn't be a problem.
>
> I still belive that grouped AVPs constitute a powerful mechanism to 
> avoid problems (such as sequencing, repetition, etc.). I think that 
> Jari's argument is weak ("this will create some overload to the 
> gateway"). The gateway will need to do a bunch of other functions to 
> translate RADIUS to Diameter, so I am not for the idea of constraining 
> the protocol (Diameter) just because the gateway (to RADIUS) will have 
> some extra load. I believe this extra load is negligible compared to 
> the rest of AVPs the gateway will need to rebuild.
>
> My opinion: I am in favor of leaving the grouped AVPs as they are.
>




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Apr  4 04:49:39 2005
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Date: Mon, 04 Apr 2005 11:45:35 +0300
From: Miguel Garcia <Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com>
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
References: <Pine.LNX.4.56.0504011344530.24005@internaut.com> <4250EBED.8090705@nokia.com> <4250F770.3090908@kolumbus.fi>
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Minimizing the "coding" or "mapping table construnction" is a valuable 
argument when it has an impact on the processing time. But as I said 
before, this time is negligible compared to the time the gateway will 
use to process a request, so I don't see the point in destroying the 
clear structure we have in the Diameter SIP app for no visible gain.

/Miguel

Jari Arkko wrote:

> 
> Let me expand on what I meant with "additional work" that
> a R/D gateway needs to do. As originally envisioned, the Diameter
> translation gateway was expected to be a mindless automaton,
> blindly copying attributes to slightly different format. This would
> be great, as the introduction of a new application or AVP would
> not impact a gateway, or would only have a small impact. But we have
> actually come quite far from this ideal, the current translation
> rules for applications contain a number of attribute specific
> processing rules.
> 
> I realize we have already started on this path, and there's no
> turning back. Nevertheless, minimizing the necessary "coding"
> or "mapping table construction" for translation gateways is
> still valuable, as the simpler they are the easier they are to
> implement.
> 
> I also realize that there are conflicting requirements. Ability
> to clearly associate a particular set of attributes to a group
> can be problematic (but doesn't that have to be solved for
> RADIUS SIP anyway?). And grouping things inside on Grouped
> AVP looks much nicer.
> 
> --Jari
> 
> Miguel Garcia wrote:
> 
>> I have filed his issue:
>>
>> http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/issue47
>>
>> Now, I asked sometime ago what would be the problem in having grouped 
>> AVPs that, in turn, contain Digest-* attributes imported from RADIUS. 
>> The answer I got (Jari), at that time, was, there shouldn't be a problem.
>>
>> I still belive that grouped AVPs constitute a powerful mechanism to 
>> avoid problems (such as sequencing, repetition, etc.). I think that 
>> Jari's argument is weak ("this will create some overload to the 
>> gateway"). The gateway will need to do a bunch of other functions to 
>> translate RADIUS to Diameter, so I am not for the idea of constraining 
>> the protocol (Diameter) just because the gateway (to RADIUS) will have 
>> some extra load. I believe this extra load is negligible compared to 
>> the rest of AVPs the gateway will need to rebuild.
>>
>> My opinion: I am in favor of leaving the grouped AVPs as they are.
>>
> 
> 

-- 
Miguel A. Garcia           tel:+358-50-4804586
Nokia Research Center      Helsinki, Finland



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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: RE: AAA Transport Profile and Application Failure
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From: "STURA Marco Consultant" <Marco.STURA@consultant.vodafoneomnitel.it>
To: "Rakesh Mehta" <mehtark_2002@yahoo.com>, <m.hillier@telenet-ag.de>
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Rakesh Mehta wrote

=20

>As per section 6.1 of RFC 3588(as mentioned in this mail), even
diameter stack is working in server mode; it can create
DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER >message with E bit set and send to proxy if
local application is not available to process the message.

=20

>I believe this should be true for client side also, because the same
scenario can occur for client side. can any person verify for me
please???

=20

I don't think this is the case. A Diameter client is not generating
responses for requests it generated, clients just wait for answers.
However, your case should be true for server initiated requests (e.g.
RAR).

=20

Regards

Marco=20

=20


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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Rakesh Mehta wrote</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>&gt;As&nbsp;per&nbsp;section=
 6.1 of RFC
3588(as mentioned in this mail), even&nbsp;diameter stack is working in =
server
mode; it can create&nbsp;DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER &gt;message with E =
bit set
and send to proxy if local application is not available to process the =
message.</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'text-indent:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>&gt;I believe this should =
be true
for client side also, because the same scenario can occur for client
side.&nbsp;can&nbsp;any person verify for me please???</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>I don&#8217;t think this is the =
case. A Diameter
client is not generating responses for requests it generated, clients =
just wait
for answers. However, your case should be true for server initiated =
requests
(e.g. RAR).</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Regards</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Marco </span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D3 =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>&nbsp;</span></font></p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Apr  4 05:18:31 2005
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
References: <Pine.LNX.4.56.0504011344530.24005@internaut.com> <4250EBED.8090705@nokia.com> <4250F770.3090908@kolumbus.fi> <4250FEAF.2040004@nokia.com>
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Miguel Garcia wrote:

> Minimizing the "coding" or "mapping table construnction" is a valuable 
> argument when it has an impact on the processing time. But as I said 
> before, this time is negligible compared to the time the gateway will 
> use to process a request, so I don't see the point in destroying the 
> clear structure we have in the Diameter SIP app for no visible gain.
>
Perhaps I didn't make my argument clear, because you seem
to be talking about a different tradeoff than I am. My worry was
not anything that happens at run-time, I'm sure a translation
gateway spends less CPU time re-organizing AVPs than something
else, say TLS.

My worry was, however, about the need to have a specific
translation rule, which increases *implementation* time
and effort.

--Jari



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Date: Mon, 04 Apr 2005 12:36:56 +0300
From: Miguel Garcia <Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com>
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To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
Cc: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu,
        "Beck01, Wolfgang" <BeckW@t-systems.com>
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
References: <Pine.LNX.4.56.0504011344530.24005@internaut.com> <4250EBED.8090705@nokia.com> <4250F770.3090908@kolumbus.fi> <4250FEAF.2040004@nokia.com> <42510654.4000602@kolumbus.fi>
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Hmmmm... I see the point. But I still believe a translation rule is 
needed, but not in the gateway, but in the RADIUS client (so this makes 
also the rule needed in the gateway).

Imagine: how is the SIP-server/RADIUS-client going to determine that it 
has to generate an Authentication-Info header when the RADIUS server 
returns a next nonce? I guess there is a rule that says "if 
Digest-Nextnonce attribute present, then generate Authentication-Info 
header in SIP". So this is the rule between RADIUS and SIP.

In Diameter SIP app, we don't have this problem, because the 
Digest-Nextnonce would be part of the SIP-Authentication-Info AVP.

So the point I want to make is that, due to the lack of grouped 
attributes in RADIUS, you do need translation rules in RADIUS in order 
to generate the appropriate HTTP/SIP digest header. And we don't have 
this problem in Diameter due to the usage of grouped AVPs. So the 
translation rules are in the RADIUS part of the gateway, not in the 
Diameter. You should fix the RADIUS draft if possible, rather than 
extend translation rules to native Diameter applications.

/Miguel

Jari Arkko wrote:

> Miguel Garcia wrote:
> 
>> Minimizing the "coding" or "mapping table construnction" is a valuable 
>> argument when it has an impact on the processing time. But as I said 
>> before, this time is negligible compared to the time the gateway will 
>> use to process a request, so I don't see the point in destroying the 
>> clear structure we have in the Diameter SIP app for no visible gain.
>>
> Perhaps I didn't make my argument clear, because you seem
> to be talking about a different tradeoff than I am. My worry was
> not anything that happens at run-time, I'm sure a translation
> gateway spends less CPU time re-organizing AVPs than something
> else, say TLS.
> 
> My worry was, however, about the need to have a specific
> translation rule, which increases *implementation* time
> and effort.
> 
> --Jari
> 

-- 
Miguel A. Garcia           tel:+358-50-4804586
Nokia Research Center      Helsinki, Finland



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Apr  4 07:58:03 2005
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From: "Beck01, Wolfgang" <BeckW@t-systems.com>
To: Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com, jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi
Cc: aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: AW: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2005 13:57:50 +0200 
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Miguel wrote:
> Hmmmm... I see the point. But I still believe a translation rule is 
> needed, but not in the gateway, but in the RADIUS client (so 
> this makes 
> also the rule needed in the gateway).
> 
> Imagine: how is the SIP-server/RADIUS-client going to 
> determine that it 
> has to generate an Authentication-Info header when the RADIUS server 
> returns a next nonce? I guess there is a rule that says "if 
> Digest-Nextnonce attribute present, then generate Authentication-Info 
> header in SIP". So this is the rule between RADIUS and SIP.
> 
The draft is quite explicit when to generate Authentication-Info:

   The RADIUS client constructs an Authentication-Info header:
   o  If the Access-Accept message contains a Digest-Response-Auth
      attribute, the RADIUS client checks the Digest-Qop attribute:
      *  If the Digest-Qop attribute's value is 'auth' or not specified,
         the RADIUS client puts the Digest-Response-Auth attribute's
         content into the Authentication-Info header's 'rspauth'
         directive of the HTTP-style response.
      *  If the Digest-Qop attribute's value is 'auth-int', the RADIUS
         client ignores the Access-Accept message and behaves like it
         had received an Access-Reject message (Digest-Response-Auth
         can't be correct as the RADIUS server does not know the
         contents of the HTTP-style response's body).
   o  If the Access-Accept message contains a Digest-HA1 attribute, the
      RADIUS client checks the 'qop' and 'algorithm' directives in the
      Authorization header of the HTTP-style request it wants to
      authorize:
      *  If the 'qop' directive is missing or its value is 'auth', the
         RADIUS client ignores the Digest-HA1 attribute.  It does not
         include an Authentication-Info header into its HTTP-style
         response.
      *  If the 'qop' directive's value is 'auth-int' and at least one
         of the following conditions is true, the RADIUS client
         calculates the contents of the HTTP-style response's 'rspauth'
         directive:
         +  The algorithm directive's value is 'MD5-sess' or
            'AKAv1-MD5-sess'.
         +  The messages between RADIUS client and RADIUS server are
            protected with IPsec (see Section 8).
         It creates the HTTP-style response message and calculates the
         hash of this message's body.  It uses the result and the
         Digest-URI attribute's value of the corresponding
         Access-Request message to perform the H(A2) calculation.  It
         takes the Digest-Nonce, Digest-Nonce-Count, Digest-CNonce and
         Digest-Qop values of the corresponding Access-Request and the
         Digest-HA1 attribute's value to finish the computation of the
         'rspauth' value.
   o  If the Access-Accept message contains neither a
      Digest-Response-Auth nor a Digest-HA1 attribute, the RADIUS client
      will not create an Authentication-Info header for its HTTP-style
      response.



Wolfgang

--
T-Systems
Next Generation IP Services and Systems
+49 6151 937 2863
Am Kavalleriesand 3
64295 Darmstadt
Germany 


From lacos2005@yahoo.fr  Mon Apr  4 09:08:06 2005
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From: "Lansana Fofana" <lacos2005@yahoo.fr>
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Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2005 14:54:36 +0200
Subject: This letter is strictly personal from Dakar -SENEGAL 
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Att=3ASir
    Good day=2CI know you'll receive this proposal  beyond your imagination=2C surprise and some skeptism=2C based on the fact that we never had any prior discussion to this matter nor do we by any means seen or known each other before=2Cnevertheless I would like you to treat the letter as a matter of urgency and accord it every necessary attention required on transaction of its magnitude=2E
      
  I got your contact in cause of a serious search the for a reliable  foreign partner=2E

    I'm Lansana Cosmos the son of a late sierra leonian businessman=2C late Dr=2E Cosmos FOFANA the owner of RMS=29mining company in Sierra leone =2EWho died some years ago when the revolutionary united front rebels 
attacked Makeni town=2C Sierra leone=2E Following the cease fire agreement which was brokerred last year with the help of United Nation peace keeping 
troops=28UNASIL=29=2CI used the oppoturnity to leave the country with a very important document of=28US$9=2E400=2E000=29 Nine million four hundred thousand U=2ES Dollars deposited by my late father in security company in Dakar Senegal on my name as the next of kin=2E 
     This money was realised from diamond export=2C now i and my mother are seeking asylum in Dakar Senegal under=28UNHCR=29=2E My main reason of contacting you is that I received an information from the Security Company warning that I should make haste to dislodge the money or I loose it to high interest rate which has been pilling up since 1997 up till date=2E They advised I should present an individual=2Corganisation =2F company as the beneficiary of the amount since the money cannot be released to me as a client   considering my status here as a refugee=2E 
  I only want this done this way because your country is politically stable for any profitable for investment=2C  The document are with me right now in Senegal=2C it will be faxed to you upon request=2Ewhich will emphasis the authenticity of the transfer=2E
    However I contacted with the notion that you'll have good knowledge on international commercial investment=2E 
    For your assistance and co-operation we will give you 10%of the total sum realised after the sucessfull transfer of this money=2E 
     Please kindly communicate your acceptance of this proposal so that 
we can discuss the modalities of seeing this transaction through=2E
  We count on you greatly for your assistance=2E Awaiting to to hear from you soon=2E

Your Sincerely  
Lansana COSMOS=2E




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Mon Apr  4 10:19:28 2005
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Date: Mon, 04 Apr 2005 17:15:51 +0300
From: Miguel Garcia <Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com>
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Right, this is the "rule" that allows the SIP server to do a translation 
and determine when to create an Authentication-Info header. This is the 
type of rules that Jari was trying to avoid, and I have been saying that 
is not possible in RADIUS. And this is the type of rule I am trying to 
avoid in Diameter.

/Miguel

Beck01, Wolfgang wrote:

> Miguel wrote:
> 
>>Hmmmm... I see the point. But I still believe a translation rule is 
>>needed, but not in the gateway, but in the RADIUS client (so 
>>this makes 
>>also the rule needed in the gateway).
>>
>>Imagine: how is the SIP-server/RADIUS-client going to 
>>determine that it 
>>has to generate an Authentication-Info header when the RADIUS server 
>>returns a next nonce? I guess there is a rule that says "if 
>>Digest-Nextnonce attribute present, then generate Authentication-Info 
>>header in SIP". So this is the rule between RADIUS and SIP.
>>
> 
> The draft is quite explicit when to generate Authentication-Info:
> 
>    The RADIUS client constructs an Authentication-Info header:
>    o  If the Access-Accept message contains a Digest-Response-Auth
>       attribute, the RADIUS client checks the Digest-Qop attribute:
>       *  If the Digest-Qop attribute's value is 'auth' or not specified,
>          the RADIUS client puts the Digest-Response-Auth attribute's
>          content into the Authentication-Info header's 'rspauth'
>          directive of the HTTP-style response.
>       *  If the Digest-Qop attribute's value is 'auth-int', the RADIUS
>          client ignores the Access-Accept message and behaves like it
>          had received an Access-Reject message (Digest-Response-Auth
>          can't be correct as the RADIUS server does not know the
>          contents of the HTTP-style response's body).
>    o  If the Access-Accept message contains a Digest-HA1 attribute, the
>       RADIUS client checks the 'qop' and 'algorithm' directives in the
>       Authorization header of the HTTP-style request it wants to
>       authorize:
>       *  If the 'qop' directive is missing or its value is 'auth', the
>          RADIUS client ignores the Digest-HA1 attribute.  It does not
>          include an Authentication-Info header into its HTTP-style
>          response.
>       *  If the 'qop' directive's value is 'auth-int' and at least one
>          of the following conditions is true, the RADIUS client
>          calculates the contents of the HTTP-style response's 'rspauth'
>          directive:
>          +  The algorithm directive's value is 'MD5-sess' or
>             'AKAv1-MD5-sess'.
>          +  The messages between RADIUS client and RADIUS server are
>             protected with IPsec (see Section 8).
>          It creates the HTTP-style response message and calculates the
>          hash of this message's body.  It uses the result and the
>          Digest-URI attribute's value of the corresponding
>          Access-Request message to perform the H(A2) calculation.  It
>          takes the Digest-Nonce, Digest-Nonce-Count, Digest-CNonce and
>          Digest-Qop values of the corresponding Access-Request and the
>          Digest-HA1 attribute's value to finish the computation of the
>          'rspauth' value.
>    o  If the Access-Accept message contains neither a
>       Digest-Response-Auth nor a Digest-HA1 attribute, the RADIUS client
>       will not create an Authentication-Info header for its HTTP-style
>       response.
> 
> 
> 
> Wolfgang
> 
> --
> T-Systems
> Next Generation IP Services and Systems
> +49 6151 937 2863
> Am Kavalleriesand 3
> 64295 Darmstadt
> Germany 

-- 
Miguel A. Garcia           tel:+358-50-4804586
Nokia Research Center      Helsinki, Finland



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From: "Beck01, Wolfgang" <BeckW@t-systems.com>
To: Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com
Cc: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi, aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: AW: AW: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Miguel wrote:
> Right, this is the "rule" that allows the SIP server to do a translation 
> and determine when to create an Authentication-Info header. 
> This is the type of rules that Jari was trying to avoid, and I have been 
> saying that is not possible in RADIUS. And this is the type of rule I am 
> trying to avoid in Diameter.

But you have Digest-HA1, Digest-Entity-Body-Hash, etc in Diameter as well.
Or has this changed? I was under the impression that a RADIUS/Diameter GW
can just map RADIUS attributes to Diameter AVPs and vice versa. The only
thing the GW has to know is, what RADIUS attributes must be placed into grouped
AVPs. It doesn't have to decide whether to send an Authentication-Info header.

What am I missing?

Wolfgang

--
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Am Kavalleriesand 3
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Germany 


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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Miguel Garcia writes...

> So the point I want to make is that, due to the lack of grouped
> attributes in RADIUS, you do need translation rules in RADIUS in order
> to generate the appropriate HTTP/SIP digest header.

Why in RADIUS?  IMHO, the RADIUS protocol engine should not have to
understand the SIP server functions.  It would seem to me that this
function belongs in the "glue layer" code between the SIP server and the
RADIUS client.

While I agree that grouped AVPs are a nice feature of Diameter, they
don't in and of themselves obviate the need for "glue code" between the
RADIUS client and another layer that is using its services.  I suppose
that statement makes some assumptions on where you draw component
boundaries in your implementation, but my assumption is that a RADIUS
client implements the RADIUS protocol, and that various interface layers
marshal the attributes in and out of other protocol formats.

I think the *goal* of having "exception-less" RADIUS/Diameter gateways
is a good one.  If the gateway is always part of the Diameter [home]
server implementation, then it doesn't matter so much.  On the other
hand, if the gateway is a standalone function, or part of a RADIUS proxy
or Diameter proxy, then it may be significant issue.  The issue, of
course, is version synchronization.  If you add a new feature in your
RADIUS client and Diameter server, it might be nice to not need to also
version upgrade all of the gateways that exist somewhere in the proxy
server chain.


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From: Rakesh Mehta <mehtark_2002@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: RE: AAA Transport Profile and Application Failure
To: STURA Marco Consultant <Marco.STURA@consultant.vodafoneomnitel.it>,
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Hi Marco,
            Thank for your answer. Just for your clarification.
            I am trying to write sh interface application (3GPP TS29.329) on top of diameter stack for 3GPP network.  Here we have one request(PNR) message that server can send to client and client will send answer msg (PNA).
            To receive this msg(PNR) , client must be subscribed with server through SNR msg. 
 
client app -------> conn mgmt -------------->SNR------------>cm-------------->Server app(stateless)
client app <------- conn mgmt <--------------SNA <-----------cm<--------------Server app(stateless)
 

Now client application die.
 
client app ----X--- conn mgmt <--------------PNR <------------cm<--------------Server app(stateless)
client app ----X--- conn mgmt -------------->DUTDE--------->cm                Server app(stateless)
     
cm --- connection mgmt;
DUTD ----DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER with e bit set.
 
Thanks,
Rakesh

STURA Marco Consultant <Marco.STURA@consultant.vodafoneomnitel.it> wrote:

Rakesh Mehta wrote

 

>As per section 6.1 of RFC 3588(as mentioned in this mail), even diameter stack is working in server mode; it can create DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER >message with E bit set and send to proxy if local application is not available to process the message.

 

>I believe this should be true for client side also, because the same scenario can occur for client side. can any person verify for me please???

 

I don’t think this is the case. A Diameter client is not generating responses for requests it generated, clients just wait for answers. However, your case should be true for server initiated requests (e.g. RAR).

 

Regards

Marco 

 


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<DIV>Hi Marco,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Thank for your answer. Just for your clarification.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I am trying to&nbsp;write sh interface application (3GPP TS29.329) on top of diameter stack&nbsp;for 3GPP network.&nbsp; Here we&nbsp;have&nbsp;one request(PNR) message that server can send to client and client will send answer msg (PNA).</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To receive this msg(PNR) , client must be subscribed with server&nbsp;through SNR msg. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>client app&nbsp;-------&gt; conn mgmt --------------&gt;SNR------------&gt;cm--------------&gt;Server app(stateless)</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>client app&nbsp;&lt;------- conn mgmt &lt;--------------SNA &lt;-----------cm&lt;--------------Server app(stateless)</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></DIV>
<DIV>Now client application die.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>client app&nbsp;----X--- conn mgmt &lt;--------------PNR &lt;------------cm&lt;--------------Server app(stateless)</DIV>
<DIV>client app&nbsp;----X--- conn mgmt --------------&gt;DUTDE---------&gt;cm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Server app(stateless)</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>cm --- connection mgmt;</DIV>
<DIV>DUTD ----DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER with e bit set.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Thanks,</DIV>
<DIV>Rakesh</DIV>
<DIV><BR><B><I>STURA Marco Consultant &lt;Marco.STURA@consultant.vodafoneomnitel.it&gt;</I></B> wrote:</DIV>
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<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Rakesh Mehta wrote</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">&gt;As&nbsp;per&nbsp;section 6.1 of RFC 3588(as mentioned in this mail), even&nbsp;diameter stack is working in server mode; it can create&nbsp;DIAMETER_UNABLE_TO_DELIVER &gt;message with E bit set and send to proxy if local application is not available to process the message.</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">&gt;I believe this should be true for client side also, because the same scenario can occur for client side.&nbsp;can&nbsp;any person verify for me please???</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I don’t think this is the case. A Diameter client is not generating responses for requests it generated, clients just wait for answers. However, your case should be true for server initiated requests (e.g. RAR).</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Regards</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Marco </SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</P></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><p>__________________________________________________<br>Do You Yahoo!?<br>Tired of spam?  Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around <br>http://mail.yahoo.com 
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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Apr  5 03:10:01 2005
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From: Miguel Garcia <Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com>
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To: "Beck01, Wolfgang" <BeckW@t-systems.com>
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Subject: Re: AW: AW: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Inline.

Beck01, Wolfgang wrote:

> Miguel wrote:
> 
>>Right, this is the "rule" that allows the SIP server to do a translation 
>>and determine when to create an Authentication-Info header. 
>>This is the type of rules that Jari was trying to avoid, and I have been 
>>saying that is not possible in RADIUS. And this is the type of rule I am 
>>trying to avoid in Diameter.
> 
> 
> But you have Digest-HA1, Digest-Entity-Body-Hash, etc in Diameter as well.
> Or has this changed? 

No, it hasn't changed. They are there, imported from RADIUS.

> I was under the impression that a RADIUS/Diameter GW
> can just map RADIUS attributes to Diameter AVPs and vice versa. The only
> thing the GW has to know is, what RADIUS attributes must be placed into grouped
> AVPs. It doesn't have to decide whether to send an Authentication-Info header.

Right, this is correct. I believe that Jari was trying to say that the 
gateway will need a rule: "the only thing the GW has to know is, what 
RADIUS attributes must be placed into grouped AVPs". And I believe Jari 
was oposing to have this rule. But I argued that a RADIUS implementation 
will need rules to translate these attributes to SIP, or to Diameter. So 
the problem remains even if we haven't got Diameter into the picture.

/Miguel


> 
> What am I missing?
> 
> Wolfgang
> 
> --
> T-Systems
> Next Generation IP Services and Systems
> +49 6151 937 2863
> Am Kavalleriesand 3
> 64295 Darmstadt
> Germany 

-- 
Miguel A. Garcia           tel:+358-50-4804586
Nokia Research Center      Helsinki, Finland



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Apr  5 04:03:51 2005
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From: "Beck01, Wolfgang" <BeckW@t-systems.com>
To: Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com
Cc: jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi, aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
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Miguel wrote:
> I believe that Jari was trying to say that the gateway will
> need a rule: "the only thing the GW has to know is, what 
> RADIUS attributes must be placed into grouped AVPs".
Ok, now I understand.

> And I believe Jari was oposing to have this rule. But I argued that
> a RADIUS implementation will need rules to translate these
> attributes to SIP, or to Diameter. So the problem remains even
> if we haven't got Diameter into the picture.
I don't think that such a rule would be hard to implement or
resource-intensive.

Wolfgang

--
T-Systems
Next Generation IP Services and Systems
+49 6151 937 2863
Am Kavalleriesand 3
64295 Darmstadt
Germany 


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------2607158804580351779--


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 01:03:56 2005
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: RE: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
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Maybe we should talk a bit about the problem this draft was trying to
solve.

As I understand it, we have a number of potential translation issues in
NASREQ and Diameter EAP:

1. Translation of specific RADIUS VSAs to Diameter standard attributes.
This is an issue in Diameter EAP for translation of RFC 2548 keying
attributes to Diameter keying attributes.

2. Translation of RADIUS VSAs in the illustrated RFC 2865 VSA format to
Diameter VSAs and back.

3. Translation of RADIUS VSAs *not* conforming to the proposed RFC 2865
VSA format to Diameter VSAs and back.

Note that I'm not including the problem of translating from an arbitrary
Diameter VSA to a RADIUS VSA because as you point out, this is not
possible.

The question is how one can handle these cases together within a
Diameter/RADIUS gateway.

One way to think about it is a hierarchy of potential translations:

a. Specific translations.  If you find a particular RADIUS VSA that's on
the specific list, the gateway executes the translation for that
particular VSA.

b. Generic RFC 2865 VSA format translations.  If the SMI for a particular
VSA is on the "Generic" list then it is translated to a Diameter VSA as
specified in the original NASREQ document.

c. Default case.  If the SMI for a particular VSA is *not* on the
"Generic" list, what do you do?  This is what I thought your proposal was
addressing.



> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> Date: Tue, 05 Apr 2005 22:55:17 -0400
> From: David Mitton <david@mitton.com>
> To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>,
>      John Loughney <john.loughney@nokia.com>
> Subject: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
>
> Bernard, John,
>
> 	Take a quick look at this and I can submit it.
>
> Next I'll do a change edit for draft RFC 4005, Section 9 that
> references this.

This draft looks amazingly similar to a solution I proposed, but now
repudiate.  I had thought that the simplest way to deal with the
attribute translation would be not to do it: to (essentially) tunnel
the RADIUS attributes through Diameter & vice-versa, which is
basically what this draft seems to do.  Since, however, I've come to
the conclusion that RADIUS-Diameter NASREQ interworking is, in the
general case, impossible without seriously restricting Diameter
semantics, making major changes to RADIUS or both.  The problem is
simply one of arithmetic, something this draft has a little problem
with as well: section 3.2 says "Diameter AVPs data field can be 16K
bytes long (length 24 bits)", but the last time I checked the
maximum 24-bit value was around 16 _megabytes_, not 16 _kilobytes_,
but that's really immaterial.  Even if the maximum length of a
Diameter AVP was roughly 16K, that's still more than 4 times the
maximum size of a RADIUS _message_.  It just won't fit.  Note that
this problem is there even with the "standard" NASREQ AVPs (the ones
numbered to coincide with the RADIUS standard attributes).  Suppose,
for example, that I want to use a 6 KB string representation of a PK
cert as my user name.  A Diameter client might have no problem with
this, but it certainly would fail at the first RADIUS-Diameter
gateway.  Similarly, a Diameter server has no way to know (AFAIK,
please correct me if I'm wrong) that the client at the other end is
actually a RADIUS client.  Therefore, it would be perfectly
reasonable for it to return an 8 KB AVP, which would never get to
its proper destination.  The only way I can imagine this working is
if there was a "RADIUS compatibility mode" for Diameter in which the
RADIUS rules were followed (including maximum message length).

>
> Dave.

Hope this helps,

~gwz

Why is it that most of the world's problems can't be solved by
simply
  listening to John Coltrane? -- Henry Gabriel


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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: RE: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
Date: Thu, 7 Apr 2005 09:43:38 +0300
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From: <john.loughney@nokia.com>
To: <aboba@internaut.com>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
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Bernard,

Bumping it up a level, still.  I do not think that there is a perfect
solution for interworking RADIUS and Diameter.  Interworking will always
be interworking.  Toss in VSAs and all bets are off.

I think we should have some basic, default case (which I think the draft
is trying to address).  This may cover some cases, but not all, but I
don't see how we can guarentee 100% interworking.  I think there will
be some need for some interworking boxes that may need to normalize
or translate between RADIUS and Diameter, but that kind of thing =
probably
is more implementational than standards-based.

Some time ago, there was discussion about working on a BCP or =
information
draft on Diameter-RADIUS interworking; perhaps that is something that
is still needed.  However, its not reasonable to hold NASREQ (or any =
other
Diameter document) up based on this issue.

John

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu=20
> [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
> ext Bernard Aboba
> Sent: 07 April, 2005 08:03
> To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: [AAA-WG]: RE: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
>=20
>=20
> Maybe we should talk a bit about the problem this draft was trying to
> solve.
>=20
> As I understand it, we have a number of potential translation issues =
in
> NASREQ and Diameter EAP:
>=20
> 1. Translation of specific RADIUS VSAs to Diameter standard =
attributes.
> This is an issue in Diameter EAP for translation of RFC 2548 keying
> attributes to Diameter keying attributes.
>=20
> 2. Translation of RADIUS VSAs in the illustrated RFC 2865 VSA format =
to
> Diameter VSAs and back.
>=20
> 3. Translation of RADIUS VSAs *not* conforming to the proposed RFC =
2865
> VSA format to Diameter VSAs and back.
>=20
> Note that I'm not including the problem of translating from an =
arbitrary
> Diameter VSA to a RADIUS VSA because as you point out, this is not
> possible.
>=20
> The question is how one can handle these cases together within a
> Diameter/RADIUS gateway.
>=20
> One way to think about it is a hierarchy of potential translations:
>=20
> a. Specific translations.  If you find a particular RADIUS VSA that's =
on
> the specific list, the gateway executes the translation for that
> particular VSA.
>=20
> b. Generic RFC 2865 VSA format translations.  If the SMI for a =
particular
> VSA is on the "Generic" list then it is translated to a Diameter VSA =
as
> specified in the original NASREQ document.
>=20
> c. Default case.  If the SMI for a particular VSA is *not* on the
> "Generic" list, what do you do?  This is what I thought your proposal =
was
> addressing.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> > ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> > Date: Tue, 05 Apr 2005 22:55:17 -0400
> > From: David Mitton <david@mitton.com>
> > To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>,
> >      John Loughney <john.loughney@nokia.com>
> > Subject: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
> >
> > Bernard, John,
> >
> > 	Take a quick look at this and I can submit it.
> >
> > Next I'll do a change edit for draft RFC 4005, Section 9 that
> > references this.
>=20
> This draft looks amazingly similar to a solution I proposed, but now
> repudiate.  I had thought that the simplest way to deal with the
> attribute translation would be not to do it: to (essentially) tunnel
> the RADIUS attributes through Diameter & vice-versa, which is
> basically what this draft seems to do.  Since, however, I've come to
> the conclusion that RADIUS-Diameter NASREQ interworking is, in the
> general case, impossible without seriously restricting Diameter
> semantics, making major changes to RADIUS or both.  The problem is
> simply one of arithmetic, something this draft has a little problem
> with as well: section 3.2 says "Diameter AVPs data field can be 16K
> bytes long (length 24 bits)", but the last time I checked the
> maximum 24-bit value was around 16 _megabytes_, not 16 _kilobytes_,
> but that's really immaterial.  Even if the maximum length of a
> Diameter AVP was roughly 16K, that's still more than 4 times the
> maximum size of a RADIUS _message_.  It just won't fit.  Note that
> this problem is there even with the "standard" NASREQ AVPs (the ones
> numbered to coincide with the RADIUS standard attributes).  Suppose,
> for example, that I want to use a 6 KB string representation of a PK
> cert as my user name.  A Diameter client might have no problem with
> this, but it certainly would fail at the first RADIUS-Diameter
> gateway.  Similarly, a Diameter server has no way to know (AFAIK,
> please correct me if I'm wrong) that the client at the other end is
> actually a RADIUS client.  Therefore, it would be perfectly
> reasonable for it to return an 8 KB AVP, which would never get to
> its proper destination.  The only way I can imagine this working is
> if there was a "RADIUS compatibility mode" for Diameter in which the
> RADIUS rules were followed (including maximum message length).
>=20
> >
> > Dave.
>=20
> Hope this helps,
>=20
> ~gwz
>=20
> Why is it that most of the world's problems can't be solved by
> simply
>   listening to John Coltrane? -- Henry Gabriel
>=20


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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
Date: Thu, 7 Apr 2005 09:49:50 +0300
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From: <john.loughney@nokia.com>
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Bernard, Jari,

> Ok, this is mostly as I wanted it to be in the Radius document.
> However, I wonder if the current Diameter document should
> use individual AVPs instead of Grouped AVP:
>=20
>       SIP-Authenticate ::=3D < AVP Header: xx12 >
>                            { Digest-Realm }
>                            { Digest-Nonce }
>                            [ Digest-Domain ]
>                            [ Digest-Opaque ]
>                            [ Digest-Stale ]
>                            [ Digest-Algorithm ]
>                            [ Digest-QoP ]
>                            [ Digest-HA1]
>                          * [ Digest-Auth-Param ]
>                          * [ AVP ]
>=20
>=20
> Because translating this grouped AVP appears to require
> additional work from a gateway, no? Bernard/Miguel, can
> you file on issue to the Diameter document on this.

This is a much more general issue than just for the SIP document.
Diameter has improved over RADIUS in a number of areas, one
being support for Grouped AVPs.  What you are suggesting is
that we should dumb-down Diameter SIP so that it can live
with RADIUS.  However, I don't think we have a requirement for
this.  I actually think that in any real deployments of this,
there will need to be specialized support from the gateway
anyway.  I don't think putting a generic Diameter-RADIUS
gateway (even if there were such a thing) would work.  Also,
I think the deployment scenarios for this interworking have
not really been thought through - is there any need at present
for this?  I see this as a non-issue.

John


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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: Diameter SIP app: next steps
Date: Thu, 7 Apr 2005 09:53:44 +0300
Message-ID: <FBA7FB88A51E804BA4A111CDFD2DE638604140@esebe105.NOE.Nokia.com>
Thread-Topic: [AAA-WG]: Diameter SIP app: next steps
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From: <john.loughney@nokia.com>
To: <Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
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Miguel,

> As you probably know, the Diameter SIP application supports this=20
> operational mode where nonces are generated in the Diameter server. it =

> could be possible to have another mode of operation where nonces are=20
> generated in the Diameter client (SIP server). Actually, this is the=20
> approach that has been taken by the RADIUS HTTP/SIP Digest draft: =
there=20
> are two modes of operation, one where nonces are generated in the =
RADIUS=20
> server; the other where nonces are generated in the RADIUS client.
>=20
> Since Diameter SIP app does not provide one of this modes, it won't be =

> possible to provide a smooth transition or compatibility between =
RADIUS=20
> and Diameter. We have been asked to enhance the Diameter SIP =
application=20
> by adding the mode of operation where nonces are generated in the=20
> Diameter client (SIP server).
>=20
> I have been doing an investigation and there is no technical concern =
why=20
> this wouldn't work. The current Diameter SIP app draft does not=20
> implement this mode because we never had requirements. But now we have =

> them, and we should do it.
>=20
> So I would be creating a new revision of the draft in the next weeks. =
If=20
> someone has any comment, please do it now.

What is the real requirement for this?  It seems that the RADIUS =
HTTP/SIP
digest draft has an additional mode of operation that is not included=20
the Diameter SIP app.  What is the usage / deployment scenario where =
this
is needed? If there isn't a pressing need for this, I think we should =
not
support this mode in the current Diameter SIP application, but leave it
to an extension if there is need or desire. =20

At some point, we've got to finish this work, and not endlessly tweak =
this
stuff forever.  Unless there is concensus on adding this feature, I =
don't think
we address it.

John


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From: Miguel Garcia <Miguel.An.Garcia@nokia.com>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: Diameter SIP app: next steps
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John:

I agree with your statement. It seems to be a bit hard to understand 
that because a different protocol with different requirements came at a 
later stage, now we need to provide a full backwards compatibility with 
such protocol.

I have also the same concerns regarding the timescales. We have been 
drafting the Diameter SIP app for a few years, and never, never, ever 
got requirements to support nonces generated in the client, otherwise, 
we would have implementted in the draft.

At some point in time we have to decide to close the requirements and 
finish this work. I may also remind that, when progressing RFCs in the 
three stages of standards track, those things that are not implemented 
are moved out of the draft. So I have the suspicion that this nonces 
generated in the client will never be implemented, because we never got 
a requirement about this. Therefore, I think it is a waste of time to 
document it.

I also agree that what we could do, at this stage, is to make sure that 
this mode of operation can be added at later stage, if someone requires 
it. This exersice would not take that much time now. But adding this 
mode of operation will delay this work for 6-9 months.

So would people have a problem if we inspect the Diameter SIP app to 
allow easy extensibility of client-generated nonces, but we don't add 
this mode of operation at this time? Is this a reasonable proposal?

/Miguel


Loughney John (Nokia-NRC/Helsinki) wrote:

> Miguel,
> 
> 
>>As you probably know, the Diameter SIP application supports this 
>>operational mode where nonces are generated in the Diameter server. it 
>>could be possible to have another mode of operation where nonces are 
>>generated in the Diameter client (SIP server). Actually, this is the 
>>approach that has been taken by the RADIUS HTTP/SIP Digest draft: there 
>>are two modes of operation, one where nonces are generated in the RADIUS 
>>server; the other where nonces are generated in the RADIUS client.
>>
>>Since Diameter SIP app does not provide one of this modes, it won't be 
>>possible to provide a smooth transition or compatibility between RADIUS 
>>and Diameter. We have been asked to enhance the Diameter SIP application 
>>by adding the mode of operation where nonces are generated in the 
>>Diameter client (SIP server).
>>
>>I have been doing an investigation and there is no technical concern why 
>>this wouldn't work. The current Diameter SIP app draft does not 
>>implement this mode because we never had requirements. But now we have 
>>them, and we should do it.
>>
>>So I would be creating a new revision of the draft in the next weeks. If 
>>someone has any comment, please do it now.
> 
> 
> What is the real requirement for this?  It seems that the RADIUS HTTP/SIP
> digest draft has an additional mode of operation that is not included 
> the Diameter SIP app.  What is the usage / deployment scenario where this
> is needed? If there isn't a pressing need for this, I think we should not
> support this mode in the current Diameter SIP application, but leave it
> to an extension if there is need or desire.  
> 
> At some point, we've got to finish this work, and not endlessly tweak this
> stuff forever.  Unless there is concensus on adding this feature, I don't think
> we address it.
> 
> John

-- 
Miguel A. Garcia           tel:+358-50-4804586
sip:miguel.an.garcia@openlaboratory.net
Nokia Research Center      Helsinki, Finland



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 11:31:02 2005
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From: "Nelson, David" <dnelson@enterasys.com>
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John Loughney writes...

> What you are suggesting is
> that we should dumb-down Diameter SIP so that it can live
> with RADIUS.  However, I don't think we have a requirement for
> this.

Well, the RADEXT WG *does* have a requirement that RADIUS extensions be
interoperable with Diameter.  I guess what you're saying is that the AAA
WG does *not* have a requirement that Diameter be interoperable with
RADIUS extensions.

There are two SIP Digest Authentication protocols, one in Diameter and
one in RADIUS.  My understanding is that one originated in 3GPP and the
other originated in 3GPP2.  Are you suggesting that these are disjoint
solution sets that need not interoperate?



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 12:07:53 2005
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From: Avi Lior <avi@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: "'Nelson, David'" <dnelson@enterasys.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Hi David,

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Nelson, David [mailto:dnelson@enterasys.com] 
> Sent: Thursday, April 07, 2005 11:30 AM
> To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
> 
> 
> John Loughney writes...
> 
> > What you are suggesting is
> > that we should dumb-down Diameter SIP so that it can live 
> with RADIUS.  
> > However, I don't think we have a requirement for this.
> 
> Well, the RADEXT WG *does* have a requirement that RADIUS 
> extensions be interoperable with Diameter.  I guess what 
> you're saying is that the AAA WG does *not* have a 
> requirement that Diameter be interoperable with RADIUS extensions.
> 
> There are two SIP Digest Authentication protocols, one in 
> Diameter and one in RADIUS.  My understanding is that one 
> originated in 3GPP and the other originated in 3GPP2.  Are 
> you suggesting that these are disjoint solution sets that 
> need not interoperate?

Not exactly accurate.  Diameter SIP was originally based on the 3GPP
requirements (Cx interface) but my understanding is that they divereged.
3GPP2 currently is using the Digest authentication for HTTP Digest
authentication and not for SIP at all. So 3GPP2 is using not concerned about
the SIP part and just the HTTP Digest authentication part which is what the
sterman document was originally about.

Note that Diameter SIP application does a lot more then RADIUS Digest
authentication. So they don't interoperate.  RADIUS Digest authentication is
just that, Digest authentication and not a SIP application.  I raised this
concern before.  If you want compelete SIP interoperability between RADIUS
and Diameter then you need to handle those other messages that Diameter SIP
has introduced.  In essence you need RADIUS SIP application.

So the answer to your last question: "...are these disjoint solutions sets
that need not interoperate?" They answer is yes.  The intent was to just get
the auth part to interoperate that would be nice but if its not achievable
so be it.

I have my doubts about Diameter SIP.  Why did 3GPP not adopt it? Is the
model that Diameter SIP supports originates from 3GPP, but does it have
general applicablity?  Can I take the Diameter SIP and use it for other SIP
architectures? 



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Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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From: <john.loughney@nokia.com>
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Avi,

> I have my doubts about Diameter SIP.  Why did 3GPP not adopt it? Is =
the
> model that Diameter SIP supports originates from 3GPP, but does it =
have
> general applicablity? =20

Because 3GPP needed a solution for Release 5. The Diameter SIP =
application
would have needed to have been ready in 2002.  I guess 3GPP showed good =
sense
not to wait on the IETF for a solution.

> Can I take the Diameter SIP and use it for other SIP architectures?=20

I think Miguel has tried to make it more generally applicable for other =
SIP
architectures, and I have talked to some people (outside of 3GPP) who've =

implemented it, so I think it is possible to use Diameter SIP outside of
3GPP.

John


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 14:20:17 2005
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To: Avi Lior <avi@bridgewatersystems.com>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Avi Lior wrote:

>So the answer to your last question: "...are these disjoint solutions sets
>that need not interoperate?" They answer is yes.
>
Yes... but its not really a yes/no question. It is true that the
function set in Diameter SIP is significantly bigger. But
both can do Digest (and exactly at the same manner, if
we can harmonize the nonce handling in Diameter SIP).
You could hope for interoperability in this part*.

And the translation gateway issue isn't black and white
issue either. We are debating whether it should take
X amount of effort to do the gateway, or X - epsilon.

And to answer John's question on whether there's a current
requirement for interoperability... probably not in terms
of a specific customer case. But as Dave noted there's an
IETF requirement on making these techniques compatible.
And experience has shown that where people think their
systems are entirely self sufficient, in the next customer
case/specification release/business reorg they find out
that they do, in fact, need to interoperate with something
else.

--Jari

*) I'll buy you a beer if within a year, we are not discussing the
RADIUS version of what exists in Diameter SIP beyond
RADIUS Digest.



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 14:25:55 2005
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        Avi Lior <avi@bridgewatersystems.com>
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Jari,

It's a pretty safe bet that you will *not* have to buy me a beer.  That is
why I said we need RADIUS SIP document.  Lets get the harmonizing there.  

And I agree since we came this far lets harmonize the authentication part.
But we need 3GPP2  Digest Auth quickly now.  We are delaying publication.
And by Digest Auth I mean just Digest Auth nothing to do with SIP.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi] 
> Sent: Thursday, April 07, 2005 2:16 PM
> To: Avi Lior
> Cc: 'Nelson, David'; aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
> 
> 
> Avi Lior wrote:
> 
> >So the answer to your last question: "...are these disjoint 
> solutions 
> >sets that need not interoperate?" They answer is yes.
> >
> Yes... but its not really a yes/no question. It is true that 
> the function set in Diameter SIP is significantly bigger. But 
> both can do Digest (and exactly at the same manner, if we can 
> harmonize the nonce handling in Diameter SIP). You could hope 
> for interoperability in this part*.
> 
> And the translation gateway issue isn't black and white
> issue either. We are debating whether it should take
> X amount of effort to do the gateway, or X - epsilon.
> 
> And to answer John's question on whether there's a current 
> requirement for interoperability... probably not in terms of 
> a specific customer case. But as Dave noted there's an IETF 
> requirement on making these techniques compatible. And 
> experience has shown that where people think their systems 
> are entirely self sufficient, in the next customer 
> case/specification release/business reorg they find out that 
> they do, in fact, need to interoperate with something else.
> 
> --Jari
> 
> *) I'll buy you a beer if within a year, we are not 
> discussing the RADIUS version of what exists in Diameter SIP 
> beyond RADIUS Digest.
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 14:34:45 2005
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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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To: Avi Lior <avi@bridgewatersystems.com>
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Avi Lior wrote:

>Jari,
>
>It's a pretty safe bet that you will *not* have to buy me a beer.  That is
>why I said we need RADIUS SIP document.  Lets get the harmonizing there.  
>  
>
Ok. Either you are right or you get beer. Sounds good, no?

>And I agree since we came this far lets harmonize the authentication part.
>But we need 3GPP2  Digest Auth quickly now.  We are delaying publication.
>And by Digest Auth I mean just Digest Auth nothing to do with SIP.
>  
>
It looks like the issues that we are discussing right now are
in the Diameter SIP part, like adding the nonce thing or
keeping/removing the grouped AVP. In that sense its not
delaying RADIUS SIP, although obviously it would be good
to ensure that the two can be in sync before we commit one
of them to an RFC...

--Jari

>
>
>  
>
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi] 
>>Sent: Thursday, April 07, 2005 2:16 PM
>>To: Avi Lior
>>Cc: 'Nelson, David'; aaa-wg@merit.edu
>>Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
>>
>>
>>Avi Lior wrote:
>>
>>    
>>
>>>So the answer to your last question: "...are these disjoint 
>>>      
>>>
>>solutions 
>>    
>>
>>>sets that need not interoperate?" They answer is yes.
>>>
>>>      
>>>
>>Yes... but its not really a yes/no question. It is true that 
>>the function set in Diameter SIP is significantly bigger. But 
>>both can do Digest (and exactly at the same manner, if we can 
>>harmonize the nonce handling in Diameter SIP). You could hope 
>>for interoperability in this part*.
>>
>>And the translation gateway issue isn't black and white
>>issue either. We are debating whether it should take
>>X amount of effort to do the gateway, or X - epsilon.
>>
>>And to answer John's question on whether there's a current 
>>requirement for interoperability... probably not in terms of 
>>a specific customer case. But as Dave noted there's an IETF 
>>requirement on making these techniques compatible. And 
>>experience has shown that where people think their systems 
>>are entirely self sufficient, in the next customer 
>>case/specification release/business reorg they find out that 
>>they do, in fact, need to interoperate with something else.
>>
>>--Jari
>>
>>*) I'll buy you a beer if within a year, we are not 
>>discussing the RADIUS version of what exists in Diameter SIP 
>>beyond RADIUS Digest.
>>
>>    
>>
>
>  
>



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 14:36:38 2005
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Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Avi Lior wrote:

>I have my doubts about Diameter SIP.  Why did 3GPP not adopt it? Is the
>model that Diameter SIP supports originates from 3GPP, but does it have
>general applicablity?  Can I take the Diameter SIP and use it for other SIP
>architectures? 
>  
>
3GPP is using something which can be considered to be
the pre-release version of Diameter SIP; they needed the
protocol before work on Diameter SIP could be done,
particularly when the AAA WG was at the time still
strugling with the base protocol definitions.

I believe there is some intent on updating once IETF
versions are available, but it remains to be seen when
(and if) this really happens.

--Jari




From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 14:37:14 2005
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From: Avi Lior <avi@bridgewatersystems.com>
To: "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>,
        Avi Lior <avi@bridgewatersystems.com>
Cc: "'Nelson, David'" <dnelson@enterasys.com>, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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Jari,

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi] 
> Sent: Thursday, April 07, 2005 2:34 PM
> To: Avi Lior
> Cc: 'Nelson, David'; aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
> 
> 
> Avi Lior wrote:
> 
> >Jari,
> >
> >It's a pretty safe bet that you will *not* have to buy me a 
> beer.  That 
> >is why I said we need RADIUS SIP document.  Lets get the 
> harmonizing there.
> >  
> >
> Ok. Either you are right or you get beer. Sounds good, no?

Hmmmmm, Yes!!!! You don't get many of those...

> >And I agree since we came this far lets harmonize the authentication 
> >part. But we need 3GPP2  Digest Auth quickly now.  We are delaying 
> >publication. And by Digest Auth I mean just Digest Auth 
> nothing to do 
> >with SIP.
> >  
> >
> It looks like the issues that we are discussing right now are 
> in the Diameter SIP part, like adding the nonce thing or 
> keeping/removing the grouped AVP. In that sense its not 
> delaying RADIUS SIP, although obviously it would be good to 
> ensure that the two can be in sync before we commit one of 
> them to an RFC...

Great...as long as we can wrapup RADIUS Digest.

> --Jari
> 
> >
> >
> >  
> >
> >>-----Original Message-----
> >>From: Jari Arkko [mailto:jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi]
> >>Sent: Thursday, April 07, 2005 2:16 PM
> >>To: Avi Lior
> >>Cc: 'Nelson, David'; aaa-wg@merit.edu
> >>Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
> >>
> >>
> >>Avi Lior wrote:
> >>
> >>    
> >>
> >>>So the answer to your last question: "...are these disjoint
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>solutions
> >>    
> >>
> >>>sets that need not interoperate?" They answer is yes.
> >>>
> >>>      
> >>>
> >>Yes... but its not really a yes/no question. It is true that
> >>the function set in Diameter SIP is significantly bigger. But 
> >>both can do Digest (and exactly at the same manner, if we can 
> >>harmonize the nonce handling in Diameter SIP). You could hope 
> >>for interoperability in this part*.
> >>
> >>And the translation gateway issue isn't black and white
> >>issue either. We are debating whether it should take
> >>X amount of effort to do the gateway, or X - epsilon.
> >>
> >>And to answer John's question on whether there's a current
> >>requirement for interoperability... probably not in terms of 
> >>a specific customer case. But as Dave noted there's an IETF 
> >>requirement on making these techniques compatible. And 
> >>experience has shown that where people think their systems 
> >>are entirely self sufficient, in the next customer 
> >>case/specification release/business reorg they find out that 
> >>they do, in fact, need to interoperate with something else.
> >>
> >>--Jari
> >>
> >>*) I'll buy you a beer if within a year, we are not
> >>discussing the RADIUS version of what exists in Diameter SIP 
> >>beyond RADIUS Digest.
> >>
> >>    
> >>
> >
> >  
> >
> 


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 14:52:12 2005
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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: "Nelson, David" <dnelson@enterasys.com>
Cc: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: digest issue 11 closure (fwd)
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> Well, the RADEXT WG *does* have a requirement that RADIUS extensions be
> interoperable with Diameter.  I guess what you're saying is that the AAA
> WG does *not* have a requirement that Diameter be interoperable with
> RADIUS extensions.

The original idea was for Diameter to offer a superset of RADIUS
functionality, so that it would be possible to install Diameter agents and
servers in a network with RADIUS-capable NAS devices.   This was thought
to be important because common NAS devices do not today support Diameter,
and may not do so for a long time.

At the same time, Diameter needed to be able to offer functionality such
as improved transport and new applications that could not be built on top
of RADIUS.  Since RADIUS could not provide some of those features,
interoperability was not required for those elements (such as failover,
and Credit Control).

> There are two SIP Digest Authentication protocols, one in Diameter and
> one in RADIUS.  My understanding is that one originated in 3GPP and the
> other originated in 3GPP2.  Are you suggesting that these are disjoint
> solution sets that need not interoperate?

As far as I can see SIP Digest authentication does not require use of
features uniquely available in Diameter.  Since this is a new application,
one might posit that deployments will largely focus on Diameter rather
than RADIUS, but that is a hypothesis which could be wrong.  If in fact
RADIUS Digest becomes popular, then it may become necessary to gateway
RADIUS Digest to Diameter SIP, and without interoperability that could be
hard.   Why tempt fate?



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 15:51:23 2005
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From: "David Mitton" <david@mitton.com>
To: john.loughney@nokia.com, aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Date: Thu, 07 Apr 2005 14:51:07 -0500
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: RE: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
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Ummm... I'm not sure who all is involved in this discussion.

I initially disclosed a draft copy to the AAA chairs for comment before=20
submission, but there seems to be some included text and trailers that don'=
t correspond to the=20
headers, or my intended recipients.

The draft has not been posted to the Secretariat at this writing, but I gue=
ss=20
I might do it as-is now, so that everyone can join in.

FYI:  RFC 4005 is Diameter Nasreq, currently in Auth48 state.

Dave.

----- Original Message -----
From: john.loughney@nokia.com
To: aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: RE: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
Date: Thu, 7 Apr 2005 09:43:38 +0300

>
> Bernard,
>
> Bumping it up a level, still.  I do not think that there is a perfect
> solution for interworking RADIUS and Diameter.  Interworking will always
> be interworking.  Toss in VSAs and all bets are off.
>
> I think we should have some basic, default case (which I think the draft
> is trying to address).  This may cover some cases, but not all, but I
> don't see how we can guarentee 100% interworking.  I think there will
> be some need for some interworking boxes that may need to normalize
> or translate between RADIUS and Diameter, but that kind of thing probably
> is more implementational than standards-based.
>
> Some time ago, there was discussion about working on a BCP or information
> draft on Diameter-RADIUS interworking; perhaps that is something that
> is still needed.  However, its not reasonable to hold NASREQ (or any other
> Diameter document) up based on this issue.
>
> John
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On Behalf Of
> > ext Bernard Aboba
> > Sent: 07 April, 2005 08:03
> > To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
> > Subject: [AAA-WG]: RE: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
> >
> >
> > Maybe we should talk a bit about the problem this draft was trying to
> > solve.
> >
> > As I understand it, we have a number of potential translation issues in
> > NASREQ and Diameter EAP:
> >
> > 1. Translation of specific RADIUS VSAs to Diameter standard attributes.
> > This is an issue in Diameter EAP for translation of RFC 2548 keying
> > attributes to Diameter keying attributes.
> >
> > 2. Translation of RADIUS VSAs in the illustrated RFC 2865 VSA format to
> > Diameter VSAs and back.
> >
> > 3. Translation of RADIUS VSAs *not* conforming to the proposed RFC 2865
> > VSA format to Diameter VSAs and back.
> >
> > Note that I'm not including the problem of translating from an arbitrary
> > Diameter VSA to a RADIUS VSA because as you point out, this is not
> > possible.
> >
> > The question is how one can handle these cases together within a
> > Diameter/RADIUS gateway.
> >
> > One way to think about it is a hierarchy of potential translations:
> >
> > a. Specific translations.  If you find a particular RADIUS VSA that's on
> > the specific list, the gateway executes the translation for that
> > particular VSA.
> >
> > b. Generic RFC 2865 VSA format translations.  If the SMI for a particul=
ar
> > VSA is on the "Generic" list then it is translated to a Diameter VSA as
> > specified in the original NASREQ document.
> >
> > c. Default case.  If the SMI for a particular VSA is *not* on the
> > "Generic" list, what do you do?  This is what I thought your proposal w=
as
> > addressing.
> >
> >
> >
> > > ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> > > Date: Tue, 05 Apr 2005 22:55:17 -0400
> > > From: David Mitton <david@mitton.com>
> > > To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>,
> > >      John Loughney <john.loughney@nokia.com>
> > > Subject: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
> > >
> > > Bernard, John,
> > >
> > > 	Take a quick look at this and I can submit it.
> > >
> > > Next I'll do a change edit for draft RFC 4005, Section 9 that
> > > references this.
> >
> > This draft looks amazingly similar to a solution I proposed, but now
> > repudiate.  I had thought that the simplest way to deal with the
> > attribute translation would be not to do it: to (essentially) tunnel
> > the RADIUS attributes through Diameter & vice-versa, which is
> > basically what this draft seems to do.  Since, however, I've come to
> > the conclusion that RADIUS-Diameter NASREQ interworking is, in the
> > general case, impossible without seriously restricting Diameter
> > semantics, making major changes to RADIUS or both.  The problem is
> > simply one of arithmetic, something this draft has a little problem
> > with as well: section 3.2 says "Diameter AVPs data field can be 16K
> > bytes long (length 24 bits)", but the last time I checked the
> > maximum 24-bit value was around 16 _megabytes_, not 16 _kilobytes_,
> > but that's really immaterial.  Even if the maximum length of a
> > Diameter AVP was roughly 16K, that's still more than 4 times the
> > maximum size of a RADIUS _message_.  It just won't fit.  Note that
> > this problem is there even with the "standard" NASREQ AVPs (the ones
> > numbered to coincide with the RADIUS standard attributes).  Suppose,
> > for example, that I want to use a 6 KB string representation of a PK
> > cert as my user name.  A Diameter client might have no problem with
> > this, but it certainly would fail at the first RADIUS-Diameter
> > gateway.  Similarly, a Diameter server has no way to know (AFAIK,
> > please correct me if I'm wrong) that the client at the other end is
> > actually a RADIUS client.  Therefore, it would be perfectly
> > reasonable for it to return an 8 KB AVP, which would never get to
> > its proper destination.  The only way I can imagine this working is
> > if there was a "RADIUS compatibility mode" for Diameter in which the
> > RADIUS rules were followed (including maximum message length).
> >
> > >
> > > Dave.
> >
> > Hope this helps,
> >
> > ~gwz
> >
> > Why is it that most of the world's problems can't be solved by
> > simply
> >   listening to John Coltrane? -- Henry Gabriel
> >



From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Thu Apr  7 17:22:58 2005
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To: "'David Mitton'" <david@mitton.com>, <john.loughney@nokia.com>,
        <aboba@internaut.com>, <aaa-wg@merit.edu>
Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: RE: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
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David Mitton <> supposedly scribbled:

> Ummm... I'm not sure who all is involved in this discussion.

I was rather surprised (to put it mildly) to find my private reply
forwarded to half the world, as well.

> 
> I initially disclosed a draft copy to the AAA chairs for comment
> before submission, but there seems to be some included text and
> trailers that don't correspond to the headers, or my intended
> recipients.   
> 
> The draft has not been posted to the Secretariat at this writing,
but
> I guess I might do it as-is now, so that everyone can join in. 

I suppose so.

> 
> FYI:  RFC 4005 is Diameter Nasreq, currently in Auth48 state.
> 
> Dave.
> 
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: john.loughney@nokia.com
> To: aboba@internaut.com, aaa-wg@merit.edu
> Subject: RE: [AAA-WG]: RE:
draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
> Date: Thu, 7 Apr 2005 09:43:38 +0300
> 
>> 
>> Bernard,
>> 
>> Bumping it up a level, still.  I do not think that there is a
perfect
>> solution for interworking RADIUS and Diameter.  Interworking will
>> always be interworking.  Toss in VSAs and all bets are off.
>> 
>> I think we should have some basic, default case (which I think
the
>> draft is trying to address).  This may cover some cases, but not
all,
>> but I don't see how we can guarentee 100% interworking.  I think
>> there will be some need for some interworking boxes that may need
to
>> normalize or translate between RADIUS and Diameter, but that kind
of
>> thing probably is more implementational than standards-based.
>> 
>> Some time ago, there was discussion about working on a BCP or
>> information draft on Diameter-RADIUS interworking; perhaps that
is
>> something that is still needed.  However, its not reasonable to
hold
>> NASREQ (or any other Diameter document) up based on this issue.
>> 
>> John
>> 
>>> -----Original Message-----
>>> From: owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu [mailto:owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu]On
>>> Behalf Of ext Bernard Aboba
>>> Sent: 07 April, 2005 08:03
>>> To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
>>> Subject: [AAA-WG]: RE: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Maybe we should talk a bit about the problem this draft was
trying
>>> to solve.
>>> 
>>> As I understand it, we have a number of potential translation
>>> issues in NASREQ and Diameter EAP: 
>>> 
>>> 1. Translation of specific RADIUS VSAs to Diameter standard
>>> attributes. This is an issue in Diameter EAP for translation of
RFC
>>> 2548 keying attributes to Diameter keying attributes.
>>> 
>>> 2. Translation of RADIUS VSAs in the illustrated RFC 2865 VSA
>>> format to Diameter VSAs and back. 
>>> 
>>> 3. Translation of RADIUS VSAs *not* conforming to the proposed
RFC
>>> 2865 VSA format to Diameter VSAs and back.
>>> 
>>> Note that I'm not including the problem of translating from an
>>> arbitrary Diameter VSA to a RADIUS VSA because as you point out,
>>> this is not possible.
>>> 
>>> The question is how one can handle these cases together within a
>>> Diameter/RADIUS gateway. 
>>> 
>>> One way to think about it is a hierarchy of potential
translations:
>>> 
>>> a. Specific translations.  If you find a particular RADIUS VSA
>>> that's on the specific list, the gateway executes the
translation
>>> for that particular VSA.
>>> 
>>> b. Generic RFC 2865 VSA format translations.  If the SMI for a
>>> particular VSA is on the "Generic" list then it is translated to
a
>>> Diameter VSA as specified in the original NASREQ document.
>>> 
>>> c. Default case.  If the SMI for a particular VSA is *not* on
the
>>> "Generic" list, what do you do?  This is what I thought your
>>> proposal was addressing.
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>>> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
>>>> Date: Tue, 05 Apr 2005 22:55:17 -0400
>>>> From: David Mitton <david@mitton.com>
>>>> To: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>,
>>>>      John Loughney <john.loughney@nokia.com>
>>>> Subject: draft-mitton-diameter-radius-vsas-00.txt
>>>> 
>>>> Bernard, John,
>>>> 
>>>> 	Take a quick look at this and I can submit it.
>>>> 
>>>> Next I'll do a change edit for draft RFC 4005, Section 9 that
>>>> references this.
>>> 
>>> This draft looks amazingly similar to a solution I proposed, but
now
>>> repudiate.  I had thought that the simplest way to deal with the
>>> attribute translation would be not to do it: to (essentially)
tunnel
>>> the RADIUS attributes through Diameter & vice-versa, which is
>>> basically what this draft seems to do.  Since, however, I've
come to
>>> the conclusion that RADIUS-Diameter NASREQ interworking is, in
the
>>> general case, impossible without seriously restricting Diameter
>>> semantics, making major changes to RADIUS or both.  The problem
is
>>> simply one of arithmetic, something this draft has a little
problem
>>> with as well: section 3.2 says "Diameter AVPs data field can be
16K
>>> bytes long (length 24 bits)", but the last time I checked the
>>> maximum 24-bit value was around 16 _megabytes_, not 16
_kilobytes_,
>>> but that's really immaterial.  Even if the maximum length of a
>>> Diameter AVP was roughly 16K, that's still more than 4 times the
>>> maximum size of a RADIUS _message_.  It just won't fit.  Note
that
>>> this problem is there even with the "standard" NASREQ AVPs (the
ones
>>> numbered to coincide with the RADIUS standard attributes).
Suppose,
>>> for example, that I want to use a 6 KB string representation of
a PK
>>> cert as my user name.  A Diameter client might have no problem
with
>>> this, but it certainly would fail at the first RADIUS-Diameter
>>> gateway.  Similarly, a Diameter server has no way to know
(AFAIK,
>>> please correct me if I'm wrong) that the client at the other end
is
>>> actually a RADIUS client.  Therefore, it would be perfectly
>>> reasonable for it to return an 8 KB AVP, which would never get
to
>>> its proper destination.  The only way I can imagine this working
is
>>> if there was a "RADIUS compatibility mode" for Diameter in which
the
>>> RADIUS rules were followed (including maximum message length).
>>> 
>>>> 
>>>> Dave.
>>> 
>>> Hope this helps,
>>> 
>>> ~gwz
>>> 
>>> Why is it that most of the world's problems can't be solved by
>>> simply
>>>   listening to John Coltrane? -- Henry Gabriel

Hope this helps,

~gwz

Why is it that most of the world's problems can't be solved by
simply
  listening to John Coltrane? -- Henry Gabriel


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Fri Apr  8 02:51:16 2005
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Avi Lior wrote:

> 
> I have my doubts about Diameter SIP.  Why did 3GPP not adopt it? Is the
> model that Diameter SIP supports originates from 3GPP, but does it have
> general applicablity?  Can I take the Diameter SIP and use it for other SIP
> architectures? 
> 
> 


Yes, that is the idea. The Diameter SIP application is largely based on 
the 3GPP Diameter application for the Cx interface. However, we have 
generalized the 3GPP stuff to make it applicable to the public Internet. 
As such, I have always been trying to remove a bunch of assumptions that 
were only valid in 3GPP (e.g., Digest AKA, first SIP request contains 
username, avoid assuming there is a single profile type, etc.)

So if you want to put Diameter SIP app to work in 3GPP, it will work 
correctly. If you want to make it work in an ISP that is not related to 
3GPP, it will work as well.

/Miguel

-- 
Miguel A. Garcia           tel:+358-50-4804586
sip:miguel.an.garcia@openlaboratory.net
Nokia Research Center      Helsinki, Finland



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Hello,

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From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: Any last comments on draft-adrangi-eap-network-discovery-12.txt?
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The -12 version of the EAP Network Discovery document is now available on
the IETF archive at:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-adrangi-eap-network-discovery-12.txt

This document has requested publication as an Informational RFC via the
RFC editor individual submissino route.

Unless we hear any comments by Monday, April 18, 2005 we are going to
assume this document has completed review and we will inform the IESG of that.

So if you any remaining issues, please post them to the EAP WG mailing
list (eap@frascone.com).

Note: there appears to be an IPR claim related to this document:
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/telecom-italia-ipr-wlan-access.txt


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From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Apr 12 08:26:26 2005
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Date: Tue, 12 Apr 2005 14:26:05 +0200
From: Jo Hermans <jo.hermans@gmail.com>
Reply-To: Jo Hermans <jo.hermans@gmail.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: [AAA-WG]: issue with expected response calculation
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I have a problem with paragraph 8.5.6.1 <http://8.5.6.1> in=20
draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip-app-07 , 3th paragraph ("Please note that the=
=20
expected response ...")

The draft mentions that the expected response calculation can't be done whe=
n=20
the SIP UA has sent a expected response based on client nonces. It then=20
mentions that this is the case when the qop-parameter is present in the=20
client request.

That last part I don't understand. I though that H(A1) is dependent on the=
=20
algorithm, not qop. Qop has only influence on the A2 and digest, which are=
=20
both calculated in the Diameter Client (SIP Server). See also <
http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/issue40>

But even then I don't understand. I think that the Diameter Server does has=
=20
the client-nonces available (they're in the SIP-Authorization AVP, and were=
=20
used to calculate the request digest !)), and is able to calculate a H(A1).=
=20
Even if MD5-sess was used, it could still calculate H(A1). MD5-sess also ha=
s=20
the added advantage that H(A1) could only be used once, which is also the=
=20
reason why draft-sterman-aaa-sip-04.txt doesn't want to use MD5 unless the=
=20
message is protected against eavesdropping.

I agree that if qop is missing and algorithm is MD5, client-nonces aren't=
=20
used at all (backwards compatibility with RFC2069). H(A1) might be stored=
=20
inside the Diameter Client (SIP server) when it's first received, and reuse=
d=20
later on. Is it this that the draft is alluding to ?

--=20
Jo Hermans

"Eagles may soar, but weasels aren't sucked into jet engines"

------=_Part_1528_3917012.1113308765929
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I have a problem with paragraph <a href=3D"http://8.5.6.1">8.5.6.1</a> in
draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip-app-07 , 3th paragraph (&quot;Please note that
the expected response ...&quot;)<br>
<br>
The draft mentions that the expected response calculation can't be done
when the SIP UA has sent a expected response based on client nonces. It
then mentions that this is the case when the qop-parameter is present
in the client request.<br>
<br>
That last part I don't understand. I though that H(A1) is dependent on
the algorithm, not qop. Qop has only influence on the A2 and digest,
which are both calculated in the Diameter Client (SIP Server).&nbsp;
See also
&lt;<a href=3D"http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/iss=
ue40">http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/issue40</a>&=
gt;<br>
<br>
But even then I don't understand. I think that the Diameter Server does
has the client-nonces available (they're in the SIP-Authorization AVP,
and were used to calculate the request digest !)), and is able to
calculate a H(A1). Even if MD5-sess was used, it could still calculate
H(A1). MD5-sess also has the added advantage that H(A1) could only be
used once, which is also the reason why draft-sterman-aaa-sip-04.txt
doesn't want to use MD5 unless the message is protected against
eavesdropping.<br>
<br>
I agree that if qop is missing and algorithm is MD5, client-nonces
aren't used at all (backwards compatibility with RFC2069). H(A1) might
be stored inside the Diameter Client (SIP server) when it's first
received, and reused later on. Is it this that the draft is alluding to
?<br>
<br>-- <br>Jo Hermans<br><br>&quot;Eagles may soar, but weasels aren't suck=
ed into jet engines&quot;
------=_Part_1528_3917012.1113308765929--


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Tue Apr 12 18:45:44 2005
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Date: Wed, 13 Apr 2005 00:44:15 +0200
From: Jo Hermans <jo.hermans@gmail.com>
Reply-To: Jo Hermans <jo.hermans@gmail.com>
To: aaa-wg@merit.edu
Subject: Re: [AAA-WG]: issue with expected response calculation
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Replying on my own question ...

On 4/12/05, Jo Hermans <jo.hermans@gmail.com> wrote:
>=20
> I have a problem with paragraph 8.5.6.1 <http://8.5.6.1> in=20
> draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip-app-07 , 3th paragraph ("Please note that the=
=20
> expected response ...")
>=20
> The draft mentions that the expected response calculation can't be done=
=20
> when the SIP UA has sent a expected response based on client nonces. It t=
hen=20
> mentions that this is the case when the qop-parameter is present in the=
=20
> client request.
>=20
> That last part I don't understand. I though that H(A1) is dependent on th=
e=20
> algorithm, not qop. Qop has only influence on the A2 and digest, which ar=
e=20
> both calculated in the Diameter Client (SIP Server). See also <
> http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/issue40>
>=20
> But even then I don't understand. I think that the Diameter Server does=
=20
> has the client-nonces available (they're in the SIP-Authorization AVP, an=
d=20
> were used to calculate the request digest !)), and is able to calculate a=
=20
> H(A1). Even if MD5-sess was used, it could still calculate H(A1). MD5-ses=
s=20
> also has the added advantage that H(A1) could only be used once, which is=
=20
> also the reason why draft-sterman-aaa-sip-04.txt doesn't want to use MD5=
=20
> unless the message is protected against eavesdropping.


Now I see that the Digest-HA1 attribute is present in the SIp-Authenticate=
=20
AVP, which probably never saw a cnonce at all, because it's part of the=20
challenge. My mistake was that I thought that it was in SIP-Authorisation=
=20
too.

This also means that if a server decides to include Digest-Ha1 to assist th=
e=20
SIP-server (to avoid that the next packet with the Sip-Authorisation should=
=20
be forwarded to the server too), then it should not offer the SIP UA to use=
=20
MD5-sess, because that includes client-nonces in A1. Qop is not a problem,=
=20
despite paragraph 3 in section 8.5.6.1 <http://8.5.6.1> of sip-app-07.

I agree that if qop is missing and algorithm is MD5, client-nonces aren't=
=20
> used at all (backwards compatibility with RFC2069). H(A1) might be stored=
=20
> inside the Diameter Client (SIP server) when it's first received, and reu=
sed=20
> later on. Is it this that the draft is alluding to ?
>=20
> --=20
> Jo Hermans
>=20
> "Eagles may soar, but weasels aren't sucked into jet engines"=20




--=20
Jo Hermans
www.bluesweb.org <http://www.bluesweb.org>

"Eagles may soar, but weasels aren't sucked into jet engines"

------=_Part_13_16954606.1113345855892
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Replying on my own question ...<br><br>On 4/12/05, <b class=3D"gmail_sender=
name">Jo Hermans</b> &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:jo.hermans@gmail.com">jo.hermans=
@gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:<div><span class=3D"gmail_quote"></span><blockquot=
e class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204);=
 margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">
I have a problem with paragraph <a href=3D"http://8.5.6.1" target=3D"_blank=
" onclick=3D"return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)">8.5.6.1</a> in
draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip-app-07 , 3th paragraph (&quot;Please note that
the expected response ...&quot;)<br>
<br>
The draft mentions that the expected response calculation can't be done
when the SIP UA has sent a expected response based on client nonces. It
then mentions that this is the case when the qop-parameter is present
in the client request.<br>
<br>
That last part I don't understand. I though that H(A1) is dependent on
the algorithm, not qop. Qop has only influence on the A2 and digest,
which are both calculated in the Diameter Client (SIP Server).&nbsp;
See also
&lt;<a href=3D"http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/iss=
ue40" target=3D"_blank" onclick=3D"return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,t=
his)">http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/issue40</a>&=
gt;
<br>
<br>
But even then I don't understand. I think that the Diameter Server does
has the client-nonces available (they're in the SIP-Authorization AVP,
and were used to calculate the request digest !)), and is able to
calculate a H(A1). Even if MD5-sess was used, it could still calculate
H(A1). MD5-sess also has the added advantage that H(A1) could only be
used once, which is also the reason why draft-sterman-aaa-sip-04.txt
doesn't want to use MD5 unless the message is protected against
eavesdropping.</blockquote><div><br>Now I see that the Digest-HA1 attribute=
 is present in the
SIp-Authenticate AVP, which probably never saw a cnonce at all, because
it's part of the challenge. My mistake was that I thought that it was in SI=
P-Authorisation too.<br>
<br>
This also means that if a server decides to include Digest-Ha1 to
assist the SIP-server (to avoid that the next packet with the Sip-Authorisa=
tion should be forwarded to the server too), then it should not offer the S=
IP UA to use MD5-sess, because that
includes client-nonces in A1.&nbsp; Qop is not a problem, despite paragraph=
 3 in section <a href=3D"http://8.5.6.1">8.5.6.1</a> of sip-app-07.<br></di=
v><br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"border-left: 1px solid rgb=
(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex;">

I agree that if qop is missing and algorithm is MD5, client-nonces
aren't used at all (backwards compatibility with RFC2069). H(A1) might
be stored inside the Diameter Client (SIP server) when it's first
received, and reused later on. Is it this that the draft is alluding to
?<br><span class=3D"sg">
<br>-- <br>Jo Hermans<br><br>&quot;Eagles may soar, but weasels aren't suck=
ed into jet engines&quot;
</span></blockquote></div><br><br><br>-- <br>Jo Hermans<br><a href=3D"http:=
//www.bluesweb.org">www.bluesweb.org</a><br><br>&quot;Eagles may soar, but =
weasels aren't sucked into jet engines&quot;

------=_Part_13_16954606.1113345855892--


From owner-aaa-wg@merit.edu  Wed Apr 13 05:14:19 2005
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To: Jo Hermans <jo.hermans@gmail.com>
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Hi Jo:

Thanks for your comment. I agree with you that the paragraph in Section 
8.5.6.1 (Note that...) does not make sense again, and it is related to 
issue 40. It should have been fixed together.

Since it seems that we will add support for client generated nonces, 
there will be new versions of the Diameter SIP app, and at that time we 
will fix this paragraph, and add the considerations about the MD5-sess 
you mentioned.

Thanks a lot,

     Miguel

Jo Hermans wrote:

> Replying on my own question ...
> 
> On 4/12/05, Jo Hermans <jo.hermans@gmail.com 
> <mailto:jo.hermans@gmail.com>> wrote:
> 
>     I have a problem with paragraph 8.5.6.1 <http://8.5.6.1> in
>     draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip-app-07 , 3th paragraph ("Please note
>     that the expected response ...")
> 
>     The draft mentions that the expected response calculation can't be
>     done when the SIP UA has sent a expected response based on client
>     nonces. It then mentions that this is the case when the
>     qop-parameter is present in the client request.
> 
>     That last part I don't understand. I though that H(A1) is dependent
>     on the algorithm, not qop. Qop has only influence on the A2 and
>     digest, which are both calculated in the Diameter Client (SIP
>     Server).  See also
>     <http://danforsberg.info:8080/draft-ietf-aaa-diameter-sip/issue40>
> 
>     But even then I don't understand. I think that the Diameter Server
>     does has the client-nonces available (they're in the
>     SIP-Authorization AVP, and were used to calculate the request digest
>     !)), and is able to calculate a H(A1). Even if MD5-sess was used, it
>     could still calculate H(A1). MD5-sess also has the added advantage
>     that H(A1) could only be used once, which is also the reason why
>     draft-sterman-aaa-sip-04.txt doesn't want to use MD5 unless the
>     message is protected against eavesdropping.
> 
> 
> Now I see that the Digest-HA1 attribute is present in the 
> SIp-Authenticate AVP, which probably never saw a cnonce at all, because 
> it's part of the challenge. My mistake was that I thought that it was in 
> SIP-Authorisation too.
> 
> This also means that if a server decides to include Digest-Ha1 to assist 
> the SIP-server (to avoid that the next packet with the Sip-Authorisation 
> should be forwarded to the server too), then it should not offer the SIP 
> UA to use MD5-sess, because that includes client-nonces in A1.  Qop is 
> not a problem, despite paragraph 3 in section 8.5.6.1 <http://8.5.6.1> 
> of sip-app-07.
> 
>     I agree that if qop is missing and algorithm is MD5, client-nonces
>     aren't used at all (backwards compatibility with RFC2069). H(A1)
>     might be stored inside the Diameter Client (SIP server) when it's
>     first received, and reused later on. Is it this that the draft is
>     alluding to ?
> 
>     -- 
>     Jo Hermans
> 
>     "Eagles may soar, but weasels aren't sucked into jet engines" 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Jo Hermans
> www.bluesweb.org <http://www.bluesweb.org>
> 
> "Eagles may soar, but weasels aren't sucked into jet engines"

-- 
Miguel A. Garcia           tel:+358-50-4804586
sip:miguel.an.garcia@openlaboratory.net
Nokia Research Center      Helsinki, Finland



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From mama_briggs3@yahoo.com  Thu Apr 14 11:56:22 2005
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From: "MA BRIGGS" <mama_briggs3@yahoo.com>
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Subject: FROM   ME
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From Mrs Jennifer Briggs=2E 
To=3A
Dear in Christ =2C

I am the above named person from Sudan=2E I am married to Mr=2E Greg Briggs who worked with Sudan Consulate in Senegal for nine years before he died in the year 2002=2E We were married for nineteen years with a child=2EMy husband was shot dead when the Sudan People's Libration Army=28SPLA=29attacked our home=2E Before his death=2C we were both born again Christian=2E

Since his death=2C I decided not to remarry or get a child outside my matrimonial home which the Bible is against=2EWhen my late husband was alive he left the sum of $3=2E5 Million =28Three million five hundred thousand U=2ES=2EDollars=29 in fixed deposite with one of the local Finance firm here in Dakar Senegal=2E Presently=2C this money is still in the finance firm=2E

Recently=2C my Doctor told me that I would not last for the next Four months due to cancer problem=2E The one that disturbs me most is my stroke sickness=2E Having known my condition I decided to donate this fund to a church that will utilize this money accordingly as stated herein=2E I want a church that will use this fund for orphanages=2C widows=2C propagating the word of God and to endeavour that the house of God is maintained=2E The Bible made us to understand that =93Blessed is the hand that Giveth=22 and that =22Givers never Lack=22 

I took this decision because of my only Child that will inherit 25% from this money and help to secure a good education & accomodation and also for the sake of God i will like you to take him as your child and as a guidiane to him=2EI don=92t want my husband=92s efforts to be used by unbelievers=2E I don=92t want a situation where this money will be used in an ungodly way=2E This is why I am taking this decision=2E

I am not afraid of death hence I know where I am going=2E I know that I am going to be in the bosom of the Lord=2E Exodus 14 VS 14 says th at =93the lord will fight my case and I shall hold my Peace=94=2E I don=92t need any telephone communication in this regard because of my health=2E With God all things are possible=2E

As soon as I receive your reply I shall give you the contact of the Finance Firm and my account number both the web site of the Finance Firm here in Dakar-Senegal =2E I will also issue you an Authority letter that will prove you as the present beneficiary of my funds=2E I want you and your family to always pray for me and my son because the lord is my Shephard=2E My happiness is that I lived a life of a worthy to Emulate as a born again Christian=2E Whoever that wants to serve the Lord must serve him in spirit and truth=2E

Please always be prayerful all through your life any delay in your reply will give me room in sourcing another church for this same purpose=2EPlease assure me that you will act accordingly as I stated herein=2EYou should contact me throught this alternate email ma=5Fbriggs1=40yahoo=2Efr =3Cmailto=3Ama=5Fbriggs1=40yahoo=2Efr=3E Hoping to receive your reply=2E

Remain blessed in the Lord=2E
Yours in Christ=2C
Mrs=2EJennifer Briggs=2E





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Date: Fri, 15 Apr 2005 14:35:46 +0300
From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@kolumbus.fi>
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Section 5.6.4:

   The election is performed on the responder.  The responder compares
   the Origin-Host received in the CER sent by its peer with its own
   Origin-Host.  If the local Diameter entity's Origin-Host is higher
   than the peer's, a Win-Election event is issued locally.

   The comparison proceeds by considering the shorter OctetString to be
   padded with zeros so that it length is the same as the length of the
   longer, then performing an octet-by-octet unsigned comparison with
   the first octet being most significant.  Any remaining octets are
   assumed to have value 0x80.

The question is what does the last sentence mean, given that we
already stated that padding will be performed so that the lengths
match?

(Material for an errata, or am I missing something?)



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From croton@doramail.com  Fri Apr 15 22:35:22 2005
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Subject: Need a low mortage rate?
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