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From: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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Subject: [Autoconf] review of draft-chakeres-manet-arch-00.txt
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Ian et al,

I have read this document. Overall, its well
written and its easy to agree with everything
that it says. I liked the terminology that the
document used.

Unfortunately, it also doesn't go very far in terms
of defining an architecture. In fact, there's very
little in the document that goes beyond terminology
and design challenges/requirements. In particular,
I expected to find a description of what subnet
model will be used, whether one can attach
regular non-MANET interfaces to MRs, what
security model will be applied, etc.

For most of these questions the answer is
probably very short and simple, but it is
important that you have an answer. (Please
remember that we are attempting to create
standards in this space, and, as a part of that
effort, it is natural that we have to choose
a particular way of doing things as opposed to
allowing or enumerating all possible ways
that it could be done.)
>    MANET Router (MR)
>       a router that engages in a MANET routing protocol.  In certain
>       scenarios a MR may forward packets only for itself (and its
>       attached nodes).
>   
This may need clarification. I think you mean that a MR may forward
packets only to itself or to nodes attached to it in a non-MANET manner
(e.g., a device that offers a WLAN interface to regular hosts). But I
wonder how typical it is for an MR to not forward in the MANET,
and whether it is something that you want to highlight the
definition.
> 5.  Architectural Issues
There's very little architecture here, and the
current text should probably should be placed
in the previous section "Challenges".

See also my high-level comments.
> 7.  Security Considerations
>
>    TBD
Like for the architecture, we need to make decisions so
that work can progress. For instance, if you disallow
prior arrangements to authorize nodes to act in a MANET,
this probably has an effect to the kind of solutions that
we can consider.
> 6.4.  Example Deployments
If this section were completed it would be interesting, but
I'm not sure it would be useful for the task at hand, i.e.,
defining the architecture of the MANETs. Focus on the
architecture, not secondary issues.

--Jari


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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 02 09:51:44 2006
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From: "Ian Chakeres" <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
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Thank you very much for your comments Jari.

We have been working hard to create a new revision based on people's
feedback, and I have already made several of the changes you've
suggested. I hope to submit the new rev in the next few days, so it
can be discussed in San Diego.

Thanks.
Ian Chakeres


On 10/2/06, Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net> wrote:
> Ian et al,
>
> I have read this document. Overall, its well
> written and its easy to agree with everything
> that it says. I liked the terminology that the
> document used.
>
> Unfortunately, it also doesn't go very far in terms
> of defining an architecture. In fact, there's very
> little in the document that goes beyond terminology
> and design challenges/requirements. In particular,
> I expected to find a description of what subnet
> model will be used, whether one can attach
> regular non-MANET interfaces to MRs, what
> security model will be applied, etc.
>
> For most of these questions the answer is
> probably very short and simple, but it is
> important that you have an answer. (Please
> remember that we are attempting to create
> standards in this space, and, as a part of that
> effort, it is natural that we have to choose
> a particular way of doing things as opposed to
> allowing or enumerating all possible ways
> that it could be done.)
> >    MANET Router (MR)
> >       a router that engages in a MANET routing protocol.  In certain
> >       scenarios a MR may forward packets only for itself (and its
> >       attached nodes).
> >
> This may need clarification. I think you mean that a MR may forward
> packets only to itself or to nodes attached to it in a non-MANET manner
> (e.g., a device that offers a WLAN interface to regular hosts). But I
> wonder how typical it is for an MR to not forward in the MANET,
> and whether it is something that you want to highlight the
> definition.
> > 5.  Architectural Issues
> There's very little architecture here, and the
> current text should probably should be placed
> in the previous section "Challenges".
>
> See also my high-level comments.
> > 7.  Security Considerations
> >
> >    TBD
> Like for the architecture, we need to make decisions so
> that work can progress. For instance, if you disallow
> prior arrangements to authorize nodes to act in a MANET,
> this probably has an effect to the kind of solutions that
> we can consider.
> > 6.4.  Example Deployments
> If this section were completed it would be interesting, but
> I'm not sure it would be useful for the task at hand, i.e.,
> defining the architecture of the MANETs. Focus on the
> architecture, not secondary issues.
>
> --Jari
>
>

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 02 10:07:49 2006
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Ian Chakeres wrote:
> Thank you very much for your comments Jari.
>
> We have been working hard to create a new revision based on people's
> feedback, and I have already made several of the changes you've
> suggested. 
Good!
> I hope to submit the new rev in the next few days, so it
> can be discussed in San Diego.
Any pointers on what you intend to say? There's no penalty
for discussing things before the IETF meeting.

--Jari


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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 02 14:00:18 2006
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The number of changes in the ID is large, so I will withhold
enumeration for a few more days while I work toward completion.

In response to the subnet model of MANET, can you please elaborate on
what you mean by subnet model? This is an often confused term and I'd
like to understand your definition and question clearly.

Ian Chakeres

On 10/2/06, Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net> wrote:
> Ian Chakeres wrote:
> > Thank you very much for your comments Jari.
> >
> > We have been working hard to create a new revision based on people's
> > feedback, and I have already made several of the changes you've
> > suggested.
> Good!
> > I hope to submit the new rev in the next few days, so it
> > can be discussed in San Diego.
> Any pointers on what you intend to say? There's no penalty
> for discussing things before the IETF meeting.
>
> --Jari
>
>

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Our apologies for duplicate postings.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
CALL FOR PAPERS

WWIC 2007
5th International Conference on Wired / Wireless Internet Communications
May 23-25 2007, Coimbra, Portugal
http://wwic2007.dei.uc.pt  =20

Next generation mobile networks will be based on Internet core networks
and wireless access networks. The need for efficient merging of the
wired and wireless infrastructure as well as the new multimedia services
and applications of next generation networks call for novel network
architectures, protocols and traffic-related mechanisms. WWIC addresses
research topics such as the design and evaluation of protocols, the
dynamics of the integration, the performance tradeoffs, the need for new
performance metrics, and cross-layer interactions.

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Important dates:
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Notification of acceptance: February 19, 2007          =20
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AAA in mobile environments, Ambient networks, Ad-hoc mobile networks,
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Network mobility, Network coding in mobile networks, Network security in
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Pricing, charging and accounting in wireless networks, QoS routing in
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Wireless sensor networks

Proceedings:
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development in all areas of computer networking and data communications.
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adhere to the formatting standard for a 12-page manuscript of
Springer-Verlag LNCS. The cover page must contain an abstract of about
150 words, 3-5 keywords, name and affiliation of author(s) as well as
the corresponding author's e-mail and postal address.

There will be a Best Paper Award for the best submitted paper.

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 04 02:10:05 2006
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From: Thomas Clausen <Thomas.Clausen@polytechnique.fr>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] review of draft-chakeres-manet-arch-00.txt
Date: Wed, 4 Oct 2006 01:16:55 +0200
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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Jari,

Thanks for your thoughtful comments. I'll give a few comments below.

On Oct 2, 2006, at 1:39 PM, Jari Arkko wrote:

> Ian et al,
>
> I have read this document. Overall, its well
> written and its easy to agree with everything
> that it says. I liked the terminology that the
> document used.
>
> Unfortunately, it also doesn't go very far in terms
> of defining an architecture. In fact, there's very
> little in the document that goes beyond terminology
> and design challenges/requirements. In particular,
> I expected to find a description of what subnet
> model will be used,

This, I think, is a topic that we need to discuss - I sense from our  
off-line discussions that we share an understanding of this, but we  
clearly do not do a good enough job at putting it into words in the I-D.

> whether one can attach
> regular non-MANET interfaces to MRs,

Short answer: Yes. Longer answer: a MR in this respect is no  
different from any other R, which may have interfaces over which a  
routing protocol runs, and interfaces over which they do not. Or  
interfaces over which routing protocol X runs and interfaces over  
which routing protocol Y runs - and so on and so forth.

> what
> security model will be applied, etc.
>
> For most of these questions the answer is
> probably very short and simple, but it is
> important that you have an answer. (Please
> remember that we are attempting to create
> standards in this space, and, as a part of that
> effort, it is natural that we have to choose
> a particular way of doing things as opposed to
> allowing or enumerating all possible ways
> that it could be done.)

Good point, and I agree. It's, therefore, very important also that we  
solicit and, if you wish, try to enumerate the options, such that we  
pick the right one. I hope that more people will give feedback on  
this I-D, that we may go forward with and informed choice.

>>    MANET Router (MR)
>>       a router that engages in a MANET routing protocol.  In certain
>>       scenarios a MR may forward packets only for itself (and its
>>       attached nodes).
>>
> This may need clarification. I think you mean that a MR may forward
> packets only to itself or to nodes attached to it in a non-MANET  
> manner
> (e.g., a device that offers a WLAN interface to regular hosts). But I
> wonder how typical it is for an MR to not forward in the MANET,
> and whether it is something that you want to highlight the
> definition.

Actually, it is a permitted and, in some scenarios, useful mechanism.  
We have explicitly in, e.g., OLSR and OLSRv2 (and, I think DYMO too,  
but Ian can confirm) allowed for this. Think of such non-forwarding  
MRs as "routers which know they'll for a bit be roaming about a lot  
and therefore not be suitable network-forming-devices", yet still may  
have an external interface (WLAN) to which it would like to forward.

--thomas

>> 5.  Architectural Issues
> There's very little architecture here, and the
> current text should probably should be placed
> in the previous section "Challenges".
>
> See also my high-level comments.
>> 7.  Security Considerations
>>
>>    TBD
> Like for the architecture, we need to make decisions so
> that work can progress. For instance, if you disallow
> prior arrangements to authorize nodes to act in a MANET,
> this probably has an effect to the kind of solutions that
> we can consider.
>> 6.4.  Example Deployments
> If this section were completed it would be interesting, but
> I'm not sure it would be useful for the task at hand, i.e.,
> defining the architecture of the MANETs. Focus on the
> architecture, not secondary issues.
>
> --Jari
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Autoconf mailing list
> Autoconf@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/autoconf
>

-- 
Thomas Clausen
Thomas.Clausen@polytechnique.fr
http://www.lix.polytechnique.fr/Labo/Thomas.Clausen/
http://www.lix.polytechnique.fr/hipercom/





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> This, I think, is a topic that we need to discuss - I sense from our  
> off-line discussions that we share an understanding of this, but we  
> clearly do not do a good enough job at putting it into words in the
> I-D.

Let me be frank (and this comment is really directed at the WG and the
document authors). I've read the document and agree with Jari's
assessment. But he's being very diplomatic. My own comments based on
my review of two of the key documents is:

manet-arch has no meat. As you may recall during the original
chartering discussions, I've been really keen on understanding the
basic subnet model. This document doesn't say anything about it! I
think we are talking about a single page of (succinct) text. But we
seem to keep dancing around the key questions that need to be
answered! This documment has a lot of generic text about manets. We
need to focus on the issues specific to an IP environment and what the
basic subnet model is. If the answer is "there are no subnets, its
flat host routing within an ASN", you need to come out and just say
so. (and this can't actually be the answer, because you probably have
to have a "link" between a node and its neighboring router, even if
only to handle the case of being able to reach your neighbor.)

(And the defn of an ASN is not good, IMO, because ASN already has a
clear meaning in BGP/OSPF, but means something different in manets.)

Autoconf-statement seems to basically say "we need to assign unique
addresses", which is obvious. But how hard that is or why this is
complicated (IMO) has little meaning until some basic assumptions are
nailed down on the subnet model, and how it differs from what we are
familiar with in other LANs (e.g., ethernets) I.e., why doesn't
stateless addrconf work? Or DHC? Just asserting they don't isn't an
answer. You have to explain why. (And I suspect that in order to
explain why, you have to make assumptions about the subnet/link
model...)

Now, what I would suggest is that these topics be discussed _here_ (on
the mailing list) and _now_. I.e., not "in the next rev of the
document. How about proposing some text (that could maybe go into the
document), but post it here so we can get some discussion about
whether the text is what is needed. Please do this on the mailing
list, so we don't have deal with the (very long) cycle of publish a
draft, get comments, revise draft, etc.

Thomas

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Subject: Re: [Autoconf] review of draft-chakeres-manet-arch-00.txt 
From: Ralph Droms <rdroms@cisco.com>
To: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>,
	Thomas Clausen <Thomas.Clausen@polytechnique.fr>
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Thomas - I agree that some additional detail in fundamental assumptions is
needed.  But, I think we need a better term than "subnet model".  I think
you mean "basic assumptions about L2 delivery that affect IP".  For example,
IPoEthernet assumes every transmission reaches every node, every node has a
unique L2 address, there is an MTU, there is a broadcast mechanism, there is
a multicast mechanism, etc.

At the risk of over-generalization, those assumptions are reflected in the
design of IP.  An L2 technology that deviates from those assumptions will
have an effect on how IP operates.

I see two ways to deal with an L2 technology that has fundamental
characteristics that differ from those assumed by IP: add function to L2 to
meet those assumptions; modify IP to work with the L2 characteristics.
Either way, we have to know the characteristics first.

I started off by suggesting we need a better term than "subnet model".  How
about "L2 model"?

- Ralph


On 10/4/06 11:49 AM, "Thomas Narten" <narten@us.ibm.com> wrote:

>> This, I think, is a topic that we need to discuss - I sense from our
>> off-line discussions that we share an understanding of this, but we
>> clearly do not do a good enough job at putting it into words in the
>> I-D.
> 
> Let me be frank (and this comment is really directed at the WG and the
> document authors). I've read the document and agree with Jari's
> assessment. But he's being very diplomatic. My own comments based on
> my review of two of the key documents is:
> 
> manet-arch has no meat. As you may recall during the original
> chartering discussions, I've been really keen on understanding the
> basic subnet model. This document doesn't say anything about it! I
> think we are talking about a single page of (succinct) text. But we
> seem to keep dancing around the key questions that need to be
> answered! This documment has a lot of generic text about manets. We
> need to focus on the issues specific to an IP environment and what the
> basic subnet model is. If the answer is "there are no subnets, its
> flat host routing within an ASN", you need to come out and just say
> so. (and this can't actually be the answer, because you probably have
> to have a "link" between a node and its neighboring router, even if
> only to handle the case of being able to reach your neighbor.)
> 
> (And the defn of an ASN is not good, IMO, because ASN already has a
> clear meaning in BGP/OSPF, but means something different in manets.)
> 
> Autoconf-statement seems to basically say "we need to assign unique
> addresses", which is obvious. But how hard that is or why this is
> complicated (IMO) has little meaning until some basic assumptions are
> nailed down on the subnet model, and how it differs from what we are
> familiar with in other LANs (e.g., ethernets) I.e., why doesn't
> stateless addrconf work? Or DHC? Just asserting they don't isn't an
> answer. You have to explain why. (And I suspect that in order to
> explain why, you have to make assumptions about the subnet/link
> model...)
> 
> Now, what I would suggest is that these topics be discussed _here_ (on
> the mailing list) and _now_. I.e., not "in the next rev of the
> document. How about proposing some text (that could maybe go into the
> document), but post it here so we can get some discussion about
> whether the text is what is needed. Please do this on the mailing
> list, so we don't have deal with the (very long) cycle of publish a
> draft, get comments, revise draft, etc.
> 
> Thomas
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Autoconf mailing list
> Autoconf@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/autoconf

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Hello Thomas,

ext Thomas Narten wrote:
>                        As you may recall during the original
> chartering discussions, I've been really keen on understanding the
> basic subnet model. This document doesn't say anything about it!
I think that is probably a good thing.  We need to make an autoconfiguration
protocol that works even in the absence of well-defined subnets.
> We need to focus on the issues specific to an IP environment
O.K.
>  and what the
> basic subnet model is.
You didn't explain why.  The fact is, that many people have built workable
systems using various autoconfiguration techniques, without going into
paroxysms and paralysis trying to solve this non-essential problem.
> If the answer is "there are no subnets, its
> flat host routing within an ASN", you need to come out and just say
> so.
Well, I reckon that subnets can be "allowed" -- without being a stumbling
block when the collection of nodes that are internetworking do not conform
naturally to any subnet model.
>  (and this can't actually be the answer, because you probably have
> to have a "link" between a node and its neighboring router, even if
> only to handle the case of being able to reach your neighbor.)
>   
You do not need to be on a common subnet to have IP connectivity.
You need to have a common link.  And I do not think it is reasonable
to assume that every link has a subnet prefix (i.e., not every link is
a subnet).


Regards,
Charlie P.


-- 
Please address return e-mail to charles.perkins@nokia.com


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Subject: Re: [Autoconf] review of draft-chakeres-manet-arch-00.txt
From: Ralph Droms <rdroms@cisco.com>
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Charlie - perhaps we're running into the terminology problem I mentioned in
my previous e-mail; "subnet model" might be misleading.  Do you agree that
there has to be some explicit description of the characteristics of the L2
connectivity to give a basis for discussion of manet autoconf mechanisms?
What shall we call that description?

- Ralph


On 10/4/06 12:30 PM, "Charles E. Perkins" <charles.perkins@nokia.com> wrote:

> 
> Hello Thomas,
> 
> ext Thomas Narten wrote:
>>                        As you may recall during the original
>> chartering discussions, I've been really keen on understanding the
>> basic subnet model. This document doesn't say anything about it!
> I think that is probably a good thing.  We need to make an autoconfiguration
> protocol that works even in the absence of well-defined subnets.
>> We need to focus on the issues specific to an IP environment
> O.K.
>>  and what the
>> basic subnet model is.
> You didn't explain why.  The fact is, that many people have built workable
> systems using various autoconfiguration techniques, without going into
> paroxysms and paralysis trying to solve this non-essential problem.
>> If the answer is "there are no subnets, its
>> flat host routing within an ASN", you need to come out and just say
>> so.
> Well, I reckon that subnets can be "allowed" -- without being a stumbling
> block when the collection of nodes that are internetworking do not conform
> naturally to any subnet model.
>>  (and this can't actually be the answer, because you probably have
>> to have a "link" between a node and its neighboring router, even if
>> only to handle the case of being able to reach your neighbor.)
>>   
> You do not need to be on a common subnet to have IP connectivity.
> You need to have a common link.  And I do not think it is reasonable
> to assume that every link has a subnet prefix (i.e., not every link is
> a subnet).
> 
> 
> Regards,
> Charlie P.
> 

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 04 13:03:11 2006
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Hello Ralph,

I am not sure such an explicit description is needed.  If a node
transmits a packet over a link and another node receives the
packet as sent, then what more is needed?

For more general delivery mechanisms such as multicast
and broadcast transmission of IP packets, some information
about L2 connectivity is important to know.  But I don't
think that is what you are looking for, is it?

Regarding the subnet model and its applicability, I have always
thought that any node announcing reachability to a subnet has
to be responsible for verifying that reachability.  But for a large
class of manets we do not need that.

Regards,
Charlie P.


ext Ralph Droms wrote:
> Charlie - perhaps we're running into the terminology problem I mentioned in
> my previous e-mail; "subnet model" might be misleading.  Do you agree that
> there has to be some explicit description of the characteristics of the L2
> connectivity to give a basis for discussion of manet autoconf mechanisms?
> What shall we call that description?
>
> - Ralph
>
>
> On 10/4/06 12:30 PM, "Charles E. Perkins" <charles.perkins@nokia.com> wrote:
>
>   
>> Hello Thomas,
>>
>> ext Thomas Narten wrote:
>>     
>>>                        As you may recall during the original
>>> chartering discussions, I've been really keen on understanding the
>>> basic subnet model. This document doesn't say anything about it!
>>>       
>> I think that is probably a good thing.  We need to make an autoconfiguration
>> protocol that works even in the absence of well-defined subnets.
>>     
>>> We need to focus on the issues specific to an IP environment
>>>       
>> O.K.
>>     
>>>  and what the
>>> basic subnet model is.
>>>       
>> You didn't explain why.  The fact is, that many people have built workable
>> systems using various autoconfiguration techniques, without going into
>> paroxysms and paralysis trying to solve this non-essential problem.
>>     
>>> If the answer is "there are no subnets, its
>>> flat host routing within an ASN", you need to come out and just say
>>> so.
>>>       
>> Well, I reckon that subnets can be "allowed" -- without being a stumbling
>> block when the collection of nodes that are internetworking do not conform
>> naturally to any subnet model.
>>     
>>>  (and this can't actually be the answer, because you probably have
>>> to have a "link" between a node and its neighboring router, even if
>>> only to handle the case of being able to reach your neighbor.)
>>>   
>>>       
>> You do not need to be on a common subnet to have IP connectivity.
>> You need to have a common link.  And I do not think it is reasonable
>> to assume that every link has a subnet prefix (i.e., not every link is
>> a subnet).
>>
>>
>> Regards,
>> Charlie P.
>>
>>     


-- 
Please address return e-mail to charles.perkins@nokia.com


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>-----Original Message-----
>From: Charles E. Perkins [mailto:charles.perkins@nokia.com] 
>Sent: Wednesday, October 04, 2006 12:31 PM
>To: ext Thomas Narten
>Cc: autoconf@ietf.org; Thomas Clausen
>Subject: Re: [Autoconf] review of draft-chakeres-manet-arch-00.txt
>
>
>Hello Thomas,
>
>ext Thomas Narten wrote:
>>                        As you may recall during the original 
>> chartering discussions, I've been really keen on understanding the 
>> basic subnet model. This document doesn't say anything about it!
>I think that is probably a good thing.  We need to make an 
>autoconfiguration protocol that works even in the absence of 
>well-defined subnets.
>> We need to focus on the issues specific to an IP environment
>O.K.
>>  and what the
>> basic subnet model is.
>You didn't explain why.  The fact is, that many people have 
>built workable systems using various autoconfiguration 
>techniques, without going into paroxysms and paralysis trying 
>to solve this non-essential problem.
>> If the answer is "there are no subnets, its flat host routing within 
>> an ASN", you need to come out and just say so.
>Well, I reckon that subnets can be "allowed" -- without being 
>a stumbling block when the collection of nodes that are 
>internetworking do not conform naturally to any subnet model.
>>  (and this can't actually be the answer, because you 
>probably have to 
>> have a "link" between a node and its neighboring router, 
>even if only 
>> to handle the case of being able to reach your neighbor.)
>>   
>You do not need to be on a common subnet to have IP connectivity.
>You need to have a common link.  And I do not think it is 
>reasonable to assume that every link has a subnet prefix 
>(i.e., not every link is a subnet).

True since we define MRs as routers. We certainly have implemented routers
that use link local addresses and unnumbered interfaces to support attached
prefixes. Flat host routing yuck why would we say that.

One thing missing is interconnectivity scenarios which we had in a different
draft.  This can lead to multiple valid autconf solution spaces.
>
>
>Regards,
>Charlie P.
>
>
>--
>Please address return e-mail to charles.perkins@nokia.com
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Autoconf mailing list
>Autoconf@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/autoconf
>



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Hi Ralph.

> Thomas - I agree that some additional detail in fundamental assumptions is
> needed.  But, I think we need a better term than "subnet model".  I think
> you mean "basic assumptions about L2 delivery that affect IP".  For example,
> IPoEthernet assumes every transmission reaches every node, every node has a
> unique L2 address, there is an MTU, there is a broadcast mechanism, there is
> a multicast mechanism, etc.

Actually, after thinking a bit about this, I think I do mean "subnet
model". This is all about defining the abstraction that IP sees. From
IP's perspective, what does a manet network look like?

But, let's dig deeper. Some questions:

1) What is the scope of an IP "link" or "subnet"? That is, if one has
   a manet (which consists of many routers and hosts), which hosts are
   considered (from IP's perspective) to be on the same "link", and
   thus can communicate directly with each other (without having to
   forward traffic through a router)? Note that here, I'm using the term "link", and one could
   assume link-local addressing is in use.

2) Are there "subnets" in a manet? That is, is there a prefix that
   covers multiple nodes? that is, where all the nodes on that subnet
   can reach each other (directly, without going through a router)? Or
   stated differently, are there subnets where all the nodes on that
   subnet can be assigned addresses out of the same prefix (and that
   can reach each other directly)?

3) What type of link does a "host" connect to? Is it essentially just
   a p2p link between itself and a router? Is a manet nothing more
   than a set of links, each of which is p2p?

Consider Figure 1 in chakeres-manet-arch. It only shows routers. I'd
like a corresponding figure that also shows hosts, and gives example
IP address assignments, and shows where the IP subnets are.

Thomas

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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>,
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Joe,

> We certainly have implemented routers that use link
> local addresses and unnumbered interfaces to support
> attached prefixes.

Yes; this approach was outlined in Dave Thaler's
"Multi-subnet MANET" draft.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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(Did this not make it to the list?)

Ralph,

> Charlie - perhaps we're running into the terminology problem I
mentioned in
> my previous e-mail; "subnet model" might be misleading.  Do you agree
that
> there has to be some explicit description of the characteristics of
the L2
> connectivity to give a basis for discussion of manet autoconf
mechanisms?
> What shall we call that description?

'draft-templin-manet-autoconf-link' gives: "Observations on
"Link" in MANET/Autoconf and Other Contexts". I don't know
whether/not this would help these discussions.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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In response to the term "subnet model", I don't think that MANETs
impose any new constraints. I will elaborate with my comments inline.

BTW: I've submitted ARCH-01 to ID@ietf.org. Once it is on the server,
I'll send notice to the list.

On 10/4/06, Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com> wrote:
> Hi Ralph.
>
> > Thomas - I agree that some additional detail in fundamental assumptions is
> > needed.  But, I think we need a better term than "subnet model".  I think
> > you mean "basic assumptions about L2 delivery that affect IP".  For example,
> > IPoEthernet assumes every transmission reaches every node, every node has a
> > unique L2 address, there is an MTU, there is a broadcast mechanism, there is
> > a multicast mechanism, etc.
>
> Actually, after thinking a bit about this, I think I do mean "subnet
> model". This is all about defining the abstraction that IP sees. From
> IP's perspective, what does a manet network look like?
>
> But, let's dig deeper. Some questions:
>
> 1) What is the scope of an IP "link" or "subnet"? That is, if one has
>    a manet (which consists of many routers and hosts), which hosts are
>    considered (from IP's perspective) to be on the same "link", and
>    thus can communicate directly with each other (without having to
>    forward traffic through a router)? Note that here, I'm using the term "link", and one could
>    assume link-local addressing is in use.

When a link local message is transmitted, then all nodes within one IP
hop receive the message. I don't think MANET imposes any change to
this definition.

> 2) Are there "subnets" in a manet? That is, is there a prefix that
>    covers multiple nodes? that is, where all the nodes on that subnet
>    can reach each other (directly, without going through a router)? Or
>    stated differently, are there subnets where all the nodes on that
>    subnet can be assigned addresses out of the same prefix (and that
>    can reach each other directly)?

I would say that in the most general case, a MANET router cannot make
assumptions about the IP addresses of other MANET routers that are
reachable using link local communication. That is not to say that a
MANET router cannot be configured to make this assumption, if it is
true. Again, I don't think that MANET imposes any change to existing
definitions in this respect. I elaborate a little more below about
hosts.

> 3) What type of link does a "host" connect to? Is it essentially just
>    a p2p link between itself and a router? Is a manet nothing more
>    than a set of links, each of which is p2p?

I think Joe addressed this question, but I will reiterate it here. A
router supports attached prefixes. I think that hosts connect to the
larger network by using a router.

> Consider Figure 1 in chakeres-manet-arch. It only shows routers. I'd
> like a corresponding figure that also shows hosts, and gives example
> IP address assignments, and shows where the IP subnets are.

If we look at a router, there might be several attached hosts. These
hosts might possibly be in the same prefix to allow easy aggregation
and advertisement in the routing protocol.

Here is an example (pardon the ascii art)

     \|/
      |   wireless interface participating in MANET
[RT1]
    |  wired interface for attached hosts
----------------------------
     |              |
 [host1]       [host2]


Ian Chakeres

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Ralph,

> Charlie - perhaps we're running into the terminology problem I
mentioned in
> my previous e-mail; "subnet model" might be misleading.  Do you agree
that
> there has to be some explicit description of the characteristics of
the L2
> connectivity to give a basis for discussion of manet autoconf
mechanisms?
> What shall we call that description?

'draft-templin-manet-autoconf-link' gives: "Observations on
"Link" in MANET/Autoconf and Other Contexts". I don't know
whether/not this would help these discussions.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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To: "Ian Chakeres" <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Re:subnet model 
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> > 1) What is the scope of an IP "link" or "subnet"? That is, if one has
> >    a manet (which consists of many routers and hosts), which hosts are
> >    considered (from IP's perspective) to be on the same "link", and
> >    thus can communicate directly with each other (without having to
> >    forward traffic through a router)? Note that here, I'm using the term "link", and one could
> >    assume link-local addressing is in use.

> When a link local message is transmitted, then all nodes within one IP
> hop receive the message. I don't think MANET imposes any change to
> this definition.

I don't understand what this means. This is more like an L2 statement
that says "anyone within range gets the packet".

What I'm asking is, what defines "one subnet hop"? Which nodes are
attached the same link? Which are not? What is the distinction between
those nodes? How does a node know which link it is attached to, since
presumably there are presumably overlapping regions in some cases.

In conventional links, the answer is obvious, because you don't have
overlapping links. One is attached to one link, or another, but you
don't have situations where the link is as ill-defined as "receives
the signal". In comparison, with manets, one presumably has situations
where those in the middle of a radio area can receive packets from all
nodes, whereas those at the edges may not receive packets from those
at the other edge.

> > 2) Are there "subnets" in a manet? That is, is there a prefix that
> >    covers multiple nodes? that is, where all the nodes on that subnet
> >    can reach each other (directly, without going through a router)? Or
> >    stated differently, are there subnets where all the nodes on that
> >    subnet can be assigned addresses out of the same prefix (and that
> >    can reach each other directly)?

> I would say that in the most general case, a MANET router cannot make
> assumptions about the IP addresses of other MANET routers that are
> reachable using link local communication. That is not to say that a
> MANET router cannot be configured to make this assumption, if it is
> true. Again, I don't think that MANET imposes any change to existing
> definitions in this respect. I elaborate a little more below about
> hosts.

Again, I don't understand this answer. Is there a notion with manets
that three hosts, say A, B & C are on the same subnet, but node D & E
are on different subnets? This is a very basic concept with IP (i.e.,
A, B & C would be on one ethernet, D & E would be on another). Nodes
A, B & C would have addresses on thes same subnet (and on the same
subnet prefix), where D & E would have addresses corresponding to
different subnet prefixes

Is there a corresponding model with manets?

> > 3) What type of link does a "host" connect to? Is it essentially just
> >    a p2p link between itself and a router? Is a manet nothing more
> >    than a set of links, each of which is p2p?

> I think Joe addressed this question, but I will reiterate it here. A
> router supports attached prefixes. I think that hosts connect to the
> larger network by using a router.

Again, I don't understand this response (or it doesn't answere what
I'm trying to ask).

Is a link a point-to-point link (from IP's perspective)? one that can
have exactly to devices attached to it? Or is it something else?

Again, I think it might really help to give some actual examples with
(possible) IP addresses and (possible) subnet prefixes/masks.

> > Consider Figure 1 in chakeres-manet-arch. It only shows routers. I'd
> > like a corresponding figure that also shows hosts, and gives example
> > IP address assignments, and shows where the IP subnets are.

> If we look at a router, there might be several attached hosts. These
> hosts might possibly be in the same prefix to allow easy aggregation
> and advertisement in the routing protocol.

Might? Or might not? Again, this sort of vague answer just doesn't
help explain anything to me.

> Here is an example (pardon the ascii art)

>      \|/
>       |   wireless interface participating in MANET
> [RT1]
>     |  wired interface for attached hosts
> ----------------------------
>      |              |
>  [host1]       [host2]

How about this example:

[RT1] - H1
      - H2
      - H3
      - H4

(All hosts connected to RT1).

What IP addresses are assigned to H1-H4? What subnet prefix (if any)
is assigned to the "link" (which is what I imagine the set of RT1 and
H1-H4 would be). Can H1 talk to H3 directly without going through RT1
(at the IP layer)?

Thomas

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To: "Thomas Narten" <narten@us.ibm.com>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Re:subnet model
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A link is defined as:
      A communications facility at a layer below IP, over which nodes
      exchange IP packets directly without decrementing IP TTL (Hop
      Limit).

Other comments inline.

On 10/4/06, Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com> wrote:
> > > 1) What is the scope of an IP "link" or "subnet"? That is, if one has
> > >    a manet (which consists of many routers and hosts), which hosts are
> > >    considered (from IP's perspective) to be on the same "link", and
> > >    thus can communicate directly with each other (without having to
> > >    forward traffic through a router)? Note that here, I'm using the term "link", and one could
> > >    assume link-local addressing is in use.
>
> > When a link local message is transmitted, then all nodes within one IP
> > hop receive the message. I don't think MANET imposes any change to
> > this definition.
>
> I don't understand what this means. This is more like an L2 statement
> that says "anyone within range gets the packet".
>
> What I'm asking is, what defines "one subnet hop"? Which nodes are
> attached the same link? Which are not? What is the distinction between
> those nodes? How does a node know which link it is attached to, since
> presumably there are presumably overlapping regions in some cases.

Can you please define subnet hop?

In MANET, the MANET routers may not know beforehand which other MANET
routers are nearby. They will need to learn about nearby MANET routers
using link local messaging.

> In conventional links, the answer is obvious, because you don't have
> overlapping links. One is attached to one link, or another, but you
> don't have situations where the link is as ill-defined as "receives
> the signal". In comparison, with manets, one presumably has situations
> where those in the middle of a radio area can receive packets from all
> nodes, whereas those at the edges may not receive packets from those
> at the other edge.

What is a conventional link? Is it a link that does not exhibit
asymmetric reachability?

> > > 2) Are there "subnets" in a manet? That is, is there a prefix that
> > >    covers multiple nodes? that is, where all the nodes on that subnet
> > >    can reach each other (directly, without going through a router)? Or
> > >    stated differently, are there subnets where all the nodes on that
> > >    subnet can be assigned addresses out of the same prefix (and that
> > >    can reach each other directly)?
>
> > I would say that in the most general case, a MANET router cannot make
> > assumptions about the IP addresses of other MANET routers that are
> > reachable using link local communication. That is not to say that a
> > MANET router cannot be configured to make this assumption, if it is
> > true. Again, I don't think that MANET imposes any change to existing
> > definitions in this respect. I elaborate a little more below about
> > hosts.
>
> Again, I don't understand this answer. Is there a notion with manets
> that three hosts, say A, B & C are on the same subnet, but node D & E
> are on different subnets? This is a very basic concept with IP (i.e.,
> A, B & C would be on one ethernet, D & E would be on another). Nodes
> A, B & C would have addresses on thes same subnet (and on the same
> subnet prefix), where D & E would have addresses corresponding to
> different subnet prefixes
>
> Is there a corresponding model with manets?

If two nodes will reliably be able to communicate using one IP hop,
then they can (and probably should) be configured in the same
subnet/prefix.

MANET routing protocols support the aggregation of IP addresses using
the subnet/prefix concept.

I would also like to state that A/B/C & D/E could be on the same
Ethernet segment and still configured to be in two different subnets.
If the nodes were so configured, their link local communications would
reach A/B/C/D/E and they could learn about each other.

> > > 3) What type of link does a "host" connect to? Is it essentially just
> > >    a p2p link between itself and a router? Is a manet nothing more
> > >    than a set of links, each of which is p2p?
>
> > I think Joe addressed this question, but I will reiterate it here. A
> > router supports attached prefixes. I think that hosts connect to the
> > larger network by using a router.
>
> Again, I don't understand this response (or it doesn't answere what
> I'm trying to ask).
>
> Is a link a point-to-point link (from IP's perspective)? one that can
> have exactly to devices attached to it? Or is it something else?

In MANET we do not need to add attach any additional criteria to the
term link. It is simply a communication facility below IP.

We have in general assumed that the MANET WG protocols will often be
run over semi-broadcast interfaces, exhibiting both non-transitive and
non-reflexive behaviors.  We have tailored our routing protocols for
this environment. I would say the protocols work equally well in
broadcast networks that exhibit both transitive and reflexive
behaviors.

> Again, I think it might really help to give some actual examples with
> (possible) IP addresses and (possible) subnet prefixes/masks.
>
> > > Consider Figure 1 in chakeres-manet-arch. It only shows routers. I'd
> > > like a corresponding figure that also shows hosts, and gives example
> > > IP address assignments, and shows where the IP subnets are.
>
> > If we look at a router, there might be several attached hosts. These
> > hosts might possibly be in the same prefix to allow easy aggregation
> > and advertisement in the routing protocol.
>
> Might? Or might not? Again, this sort of vague answer just doesn't
> help explain anything to me.
>
> > Here is an example (pardon the ascii art)
>
> >      \|/
> >       |   wireless interface participating in MANET
> > [RT1]
> >     |  wired interface for attached hosts
> > ----------------------------
> >      |              |
> >  [host1]       [host2]
>
> How about this example:
>
> [RT1] - H1
>       - H2
>       - H3
>       - H4
>
> (All hosts connected to RT1).
>
> What IP addresses are assigned to H1-H4? What subnet prefix (if any)
> is assigned to the "link" (which is what I imagine the set of RT1 and
> H1-H4 would be). Can H1 talk to H3 directly without going through RT1
> (at the IP layer)?

Let us assume that RT1 and H[1-4] are attached to the same Ethernet
segment. The IP addresses of all the nodes could be configured in the
same subnet prefix. Alternatively, each node's interface could be
configured in its own subnet prefix.

Independent of a node's configured prefix, the node's routing table
would determine whether they spoke directly to another node or through
the router.

In a MANET, MANET routers' semi-broadcast interfaces will likely have
IP addresses. In respect to any one MANET router's interface, they
will likely assume that only themselves are directly reachable. Unless
other nodes are connected and the router is configured with this
knowledge. The MANET routers will need to use link local messaging
(one IP hop) to learn about other nearby MANET routers.

I hope I have addressed your questions.
Ian Chakeres

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Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Re:subnet model 
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	message dated "Wed, 04 Oct 2006 19:17:59 -0700."
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> A link is defined as:
>       A communications facility at a layer below IP, over which nodes
>       exchange IP packets directly without decrementing IP TTL (Hop
>       Limit).

This is a somewhat funny definition, IMO. If such nodes can exchange
packets "directly" at L2, by defintion the IP TTL would not be
decremented. The IP TTL gets decremented only if a packet is
forwarded/processed at the IP layer.

Is this then just the standard definition of a link as is commonly
used in both IPv4 and IPv6? E.g., from 2460:

   link        - a communication facility or medium over which nodes can
                 communicate at the link layer, i.e., the layer
                 immediately below IPv6.  Examples are Ethernets (simple
                 or bridged); PPP links; X.25, Frame Relay, or ATM
                 networks; and internet (or higher) layer "tunnels",
                 such as tunnels over IPv4 or IPv6 itself.

Note, in the above context, it is assumed that "at the link layer"
means an IP packet will be delivered unmodified, i.e., without
decrementing the IP TTL.

> Other comments inline.

> On 10/4/06, Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com> wrote:
> > > > 1) What is the scope of an IP "link" or "subnet"? That is, if one has
> > > >    a manet (which consists of many routers and hosts), which hosts are
> > > >    considered (from IP's perspective) to be on the same "link", and
> > > >    thus can communicate directly with each other (without having to
> > > >    forward traffic through a router)? Note that here, I'm using the term "link", and one could
> > > >    assume link-local addressing is in use.
> >
> > > When a link local message is transmitted, then all nodes within one IP
> > > hop receive the message. I don't think MANET imposes any change to
> > > this definition.
> >
> > I don't understand what this means. This is more like an L2 statement
> > that says "anyone within range gets the packet".
> >
> > What I'm asking is, what defines "one subnet hop"? Which nodes are
> > attached the same link? Which are not? What is the distinction between
> > those nodes? How does a node know which link it is attached to, since
> > presumably there are presumably overlapping regions in some cases.

> Can you please define subnet hop?

The set of nodes that are all connected to the same link, and can each
send directly to each other. By analogy, this is a typical L2 link
over which an IP "subnet" is configured (e.g., an ethernet).

> In MANET, the MANET routers may not know beforehand which other MANET
> routers are nearby. They will need to learn about nearby MANET routers
> using link local messaging.

You keep dragging in "other manet routers". I'd like to understand
what a single "link" or "subnet" is, without dragging in other routers
that (presumbly) are (at least in many cases) on other links.

Or, the set of nodes and manet routers that can all send packets
directly to each other.

> > In conventional links, the answer is obvious, because you don't have
> > overlapping links. One is attached to one link, or another, but you
> > don't have situations where the link is as ill-defined as "receives
> > the signal". In comparison, with manets, one presumably has situations
> > where those in the middle of a radio area can receive packets from all
> > nodes, whereas those at the edges may not receive packets from those
> > at the other edge.

> What is a conventional link? Is it a link that does not exhibit
> asymmetric reachability?

Yes. All links on which IP runs today are always reachable in both
directions. When that isn't the case, IP doesn't run normally. 

> > > > 2) Are there "subnets" in a manet? That is, is there a prefix that
> > > >    covers multiple nodes? that is, where all the nodes on that subnet
> > > >    can reach each other (directly, without going through a router)? Or
> > > >    stated differently, are there subnets where all the nodes on that
> > > >    subnet can be assigned addresses out of the same prefix (and that
> > > >    can reach each other directly)?
> >
> > > I would say that in the most general case, a MANET router cannot make
> > > assumptions about the IP addresses of other MANET routers that are
> > > reachable using link local communication. That is not to say that a
> > > MANET router cannot be configured to make this assumption, if it is
> > > true. Again, I don't think that MANET imposes any change to existing
> > > definitions in this respect. I elaborate a little more below about
> > > hosts.
> >
> > Again, I don't understand this answer. Is there a notion with manets
> > that three hosts, say A, B & C are on the same subnet, but node D & E
> > are on different subnets? This is a very basic concept with IP (i.e.,
> > A, B & C would be on one ethernet, D & E would be on another). Nodes
> > A, B & C would have addresses on thes same subnet (and on the same
> > subnet prefix), where D & E would have addresses corresponding to
> > different subnet prefixes
> >
> > Is there a corresponding model with manets?

> If two nodes will reliably be able to communicate using one IP hop,
> then they can (and probably should) be configured in the same
> subnet/prefix.

OK. so manets do have the notion of subnets, as is commonly assumed in
IP.

> MANET routing protocols support the aggregation of IP addresses using
> the subnet/prefix concept.

I don't want to hear about manet routing protocols. We should be able
to talk about the subnet model/architecture without getting into
specific manet routing protocols.

> I would also like to state that A/B/C & D/E could be on the same
> Ethernet segment and still configured to be in two different
> subnets.  If the nodes were so configured, their link local
> communications would reach A/B/C/D/E and they could learn about each
> other.

yes, but let's keep it simple for now because in practice, if they
were on different L2 links as I originally described, they would be
configured as above.

in other words, don't make the picture more complicated when we seem
to be having such a disconnect on even the most basic concepts!

> > > > 3) What type of link does a "host" connect to? Is it essentially just
> > > >    a p2p link between itself and a router? Is a manet nothing more
> > > >    than a set of links, each of which is p2p?
> >
> > > I think Joe addressed this question, but I will reiterate it here. A
> > > router supports attached prefixes. I think that hosts connect to the
> > > larger network by using a router.
> >
> > Again, I don't understand this response (or it doesn't answere what
> > I'm trying to ask).
> >
> > Is a link a point-to-point link (from IP's perspective)? one that can
> > have exactly to devices attached to it? Or is it something else?

> In MANET we do not need to add attach any additional criteria to the
> term link. It is simply a communication facility below IP.

> We have in general assumed that the MANET WG protocols will often be
> run over semi-broadcast interfaces, exhibiting both non-transitive and
> non-reflexive behaviors.  We have tailored our routing protocols for
> this environment. I would say the protocols work equally well in
> broadcast networks that exhibit both transitive and reflexive
> behaviors.

Again, don't talk about routing protocols. If you have asymetric
"interfaces", what is the subnet model? going back to the A/B/C/RT1
example, if A can't reach B directly, can they be on the same IP
subnet? And how do packets get from A to B? Via RT1? and is this
visible to IP (e.g., by decrementing a TTL)?

> > Again, I think it might really help to give some actual examples with
> > (possible) IP addresses and (possible) subnet prefixes/masks.
> >
> > > > Consider Figure 1 in chakeres-manet-arch. It only shows routers. I'd
> > > > like a corresponding figure that also shows hosts, and gives example
> > > > IP address assignments, and shows where the IP subnets are.
> >
> > > If we look at a router, there might be several attached hosts. These
> > > hosts might possibly be in the same prefix to allow easy aggregation
> > > and advertisement in the routing protocol.
> >
> > Might? Or might not? Again, this sort of vague answer just doesn't
> > help explain anything to me.
> >
> > > Here is an example (pardon the ascii art)
> >
> > >      \|/
> > >       |   wireless interface participating in MANET
> > > [RT1]
> > >     |  wired interface for attached hosts
> > > ----------------------------
> > >      |              |
> > >  [host1]       [host2]
> >
> > How about this example:
> >
> > [RT1] - H1
> >       - H2
> >       - H3
> >       - H4
> >
> > (All hosts connected to RT1).
> >
> > What IP addresses are assigned to H1-H4? What subnet prefix (if any)
> > is assigned to the "link" (which is what I imagine the set of RT1 and
> > H1-H4 would be). Can H1 talk to H3 directly without going through RT1
> > (at the IP layer)?

> Let us assume that RT1 and H[1-4] are attached to the same Ethernet
> segment.

Argh!!!! I think we all know about ethernets (and conventional links).

Assume the above is a manet. How would the addresses and subnet
prefixes be configured? Exactly the same way? 

Thomas

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Date: Wed, 4 Oct 2006 20:10:49 -0700
From: "Ian Chakeres" <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
To: "Thomas Narten" <narten@us.ibm.com>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Re:subnet model
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Comments inline.

On 10/4/06, Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com> wrote:
> > A link is defined as:
> >       A communications facility at a layer below IP, over which nodes
> >       exchange IP packets directly without decrementing IP TTL (Hop
> >       Limit).
>
> This is a somewhat funny definition, IMO. If such nodes can exchange
> packets "directly" at L2, by defintion the IP TTL would not be
> decremented. The IP TTL gets decremented only if a packet is
> forwarded/processed at the IP layer.
>
> Is this then just the standard definition of a link as is commonly
> used in both IPv4 and IPv6? E.g., from 2460:
>
>    link        - a communication facility or medium over which nodes can
>                  communicate at the link layer, i.e., the layer
>                  immediately below IPv6.  Examples are Ethernets (simple
>                  or bridged); PPP links; X.25, Frame Relay, or ATM
>                  networks; and internet (or higher) layer "tunnels",
>                  such as tunnels over IPv4 or IPv6 itself.
>
> Note, in the above context, it is assumed that "at the link layer"
> means an IP packet will be delivered unmodified, i.e., without
> decrementing the IP TTL.

Sounds good. Yes, the standard terminology applies.

> > Other comments inline.
>
> > On 10/4/06, Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com> wrote:
> > > > > 1) What is the scope of an IP "link" or "subnet"? That is, if one has
> > > > >    a manet (which consists of many routers and hosts), which hosts are
> > > > >    considered (from IP's perspective) to be on the same "link", and
> > > > >    thus can communicate directly with each other (without having to
> > > > >    forward traffic through a router)? Note that here, I'm using the term "link", and one could
> > > > >    assume link-local addressing is in use.
> > >
> > > > When a link local message is transmitted, then all nodes within one IP
> > > > hop receive the message. I don't think MANET imposes any change to
> > > > this definition.
> > >
> > > I don't understand what this means. This is more like an L2 statement
> > > that says "anyone within range gets the packet".
> > >
> > > What I'm asking is, what defines "one subnet hop"? Which nodes are
> > > attached the same link? Which are not? What is the distinction between
> > > those nodes? How does a node know which link it is attached to, since
> > > presumably there are presumably overlapping regions in some cases.
>
> > Can you please define subnet hop?
>
> The set of nodes that are all connected to the same link, and can each
> send directly to each other. By analogy, this is a typical L2 link
> over which an IP "subnet" is configured (e.g., an ethernet).

I would say that a subnet is a configured option/concept and not
inherent to a link. Perhaps this is where the misunderstanding lies. A
subnet and a "communication" link are not the same.

This is the reason I discussed the case where A/B/C/D/E are on the
same link yet the nodes might be configured in different subnets.

> > In MANET, the MANET routers may not know beforehand which other MANET
> > routers are nearby. They will need to learn about nearby MANET routers
> > using link local messaging.
>
> You keep dragging in "other manet routers". I'd like to understand
> what a single "link" or "subnet" is, without dragging in other routers
> that (presumbly) are (at least in many cases) on other links.
>
> Or, the set of nodes and manet routers that can all send packets
> directly to each other.
>
> > > In conventional links, the answer is obvious, because you don't have
> > > overlapping links. One is attached to one link, or another, but you
> > > don't have situations where the link is as ill-defined as "receives
> > > the signal". In comparison, with manets, one presumably has situations
> > > where those in the middle of a radio area can receive packets from all
> > > nodes, whereas those at the edges may not receive packets from those
> > > at the other edge.
>
> > What is a conventional link? Is it a link that does not exhibit
> > asymmetric reachability?
>
> Yes. All links on which IP runs today are always reachable in both
> directions. When that isn't the case, IP doesn't run normally.

Note: This discussion is a bit off topic. I would say that IP runs
normally even on unidirectional links (e.g. satellite). In many cases,
reachablity through via multiple hops (routing) is sufficient. I admit
that certain IP protocols do not work well over this type of
communication link.

> > > > > 2) Are there "subnets" in a manet? That is, is there a prefix that
> > > > >    covers multiple nodes? that is, where all the nodes on that subnet
> > > > >    can reach each other (directly, without going through a router)? Or
> > > > >    stated differently, are there subnets where all the nodes on that
> > > > >    subnet can be assigned addresses out of the same prefix (and that
> > > > >    can reach each other directly)?
> > >
> > > > I would say that in the most general case, a MANET router cannot make
> > > > assumptions about the IP addresses of other MANET routers that are
> > > > reachable using link local communication. That is not to say that a
> > > > MANET router cannot be configured to make this assumption, if it is
> > > > true. Again, I don't think that MANET imposes any change to existing
> > > > definitions in this respect. I elaborate a little more below about
> > > > hosts.
> > >
> > > Again, I don't understand this answer. Is there a notion with manets
> > > that three hosts, say A, B & C are on the same subnet, but node D & E
> > > are on different subnets? This is a very basic concept with IP (i.e.,
> > > A, B & C would be on one ethernet, D & E would be on another). Nodes
> > > A, B & C would have addresses on thes same subnet (and on the same
> > > subnet prefix), where D & E would have addresses corresponding to
> > > different subnet prefixes
> > >
> > > Is there a corresponding model with manets?
>
> > If two nodes will reliably be able to communicate using one IP hop,
> > then they can (and probably should) be configured in the same
> > subnet/prefix.
>
> OK. so manets do have the notion of subnets, as is commonly assumed in
> IP.
>
> > MANET routing protocols support the aggregation of IP addresses using
> > the subnet/prefix concept.
>
> I don't want to hear about manet routing protocols. We should be able
> to talk about the subnet model/architecture without getting into
> specific manet routing protocols.
>
> > I would also like to state that A/B/C & D/E could be on the same
> > Ethernet segment and still configured to be in two different
> > subnets.  If the nodes were so configured, their link local
> > communications would reach A/B/C/D/E and they could learn about each
> > other.
>
> yes, but let's keep it simple for now because in practice, if they
> were on different L2 links as I originally described, they would be
> configured as above.
>
> in other words, don't make the picture more complicated when we seem
> to be having such a disconnect on even the most basic concepts!
>
> > > > > 3) What type of link does a "host" connect to? Is it essentially just
> > > > >    a p2p link between itself and a router? Is a manet nothing more
> > > > >    than a set of links, each of which is p2p?
> > >
> > > > I think Joe addressed this question, but I will reiterate it here. A
> > > > router supports attached prefixes. I think that hosts connect to the
> > > > larger network by using a router.
> > >
> > > Again, I don't understand this response (or it doesn't answere what
> > > I'm trying to ask).
> > >
> > > Is a link a point-to-point link (from IP's perspective)? one that can
> > > have exactly to devices attached to it? Or is it something else?
>
> > In MANET we do not need to add attach any additional criteria to the
> > term link. It is simply a communication facility below IP.
>
> > We have in general assumed that the MANET WG protocols will often be
> > run over semi-broadcast interfaces, exhibiting both non-transitive and
> > non-reflexive behaviors.  We have tailored our routing protocols for
> > this environment. I would say the protocols work equally well in
> > broadcast networks that exhibit both transitive and reflexive
> > behaviors.
>
> Again, don't talk about routing protocols. If you have asymetric
> "interfaces", what is the subnet model? going back to the A/B/C/RT1
> example, if A can't reach B directly, can they be on the same IP
> subnet? And how do packets get from A to B? Via RT1? and is this
> visible to IP (e.g., by decrementing a TTL)?

I think that if two nodes cannot communicate directly, they should not
be configured to believe they can. That is to say, they should not be
configured to believe they are in same subnet.

> > > Again, I think it might really help to give some actual examples with
> > > (possible) IP addresses and (possible) subnet prefixes/masks.
> > >
> > > > > Consider Figure 1 in chakeres-manet-arch. It only shows routers. I'd
> > > > > like a corresponding figure that also shows hosts, and gives example
> > > > > IP address assignments, and shows where the IP subnets are.
> > >
> > > > If we look at a router, there might be several attached hosts. These
> > > > hosts might possibly be in the same prefix to allow easy aggregation
> > > > and advertisement in the routing protocol.
> > >
> > > Might? Or might not? Again, this sort of vague answer just doesn't
> > > help explain anything to me.
> > >
> > > > Here is an example (pardon the ascii art)
> > >
> > > >      \|/
> > > >       |   wireless interface participating in MANET
> > > > [RT1]
> > > >     |  wired interface for attached hosts
> > > > ----------------------------
> > > >      |              |
> > > >  [host1]       [host2]
> > >
> > > How about this example:
> > >
> > > [RT1] - H1
> > >       - H2
> > >       - H3
> > >       - H4
> > >
> > > (All hosts connected to RT1).
> > >
> > > What IP addresses are assigned to H1-H4? What subnet prefix (if any)
> > > is assigned to the "link" (which is what I imagine the set of RT1 and
> > > H1-H4 would be). Can H1 talk to H3 directly without going through RT1
> > > (at the IP layer)?
>
> > Let us assume that RT1 and H[1-4] are attached to the same Ethernet
> > segment.
>
> Argh!!!! I think we all know about ethernets (and conventional links).
>
> Assume the above is a manet. How would the addresses and subnet
> prefixes be configured? Exactly the same way?

The above is not representative of a MANET. That said, the IP address
allocation and configuration of hosts behind a MANET router is no
different from existing router/host interactions.

Ian Chakeres

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Hi all,

[sorry for the long email]

I think the current discussion is interesting but it embraces too many 
things that have little to do with IP subneting. I agree with Thomas N. 
that things like link properties, routing protocol details, and 
connectivity dynamics are out of scope wrt defining what is or what is 
not a MANET subnet. Subnetting relates to addressing and routing 
aggregation: whatever techniques are used to allocate addresses and 
prefixes and setup (aggregated) routing entries is an implementation 
issue (yet not always an easy one).

For example for say IPv6, if one wants a MANET model without subnet then 
all routers and hosts are configured with a /128 and routing is flat. 
How addresses are assigned (to both routers and hosts), how routing is 
established (reactive or proactive), and how links "operate" does not 
change the model: it's flat, and all routing entries are /128.

Now if the model is that each MANET router "is" a subnet that comprises 
itself and hosts attached to it, we can specify e.g. that a MR gets a 
/64, and routing between MRs is based on /64 routing entries. Hosts 
attached to a MR get an address from the MR's /64. Now again how this is 
achieved does not change the model. For example, "routing" between hosts 
that share a /64 (all attached to the same MR) can be direct (hosts are 
neighbors) or via the MR.

Now if one wants to aggregate more, one can specify the target goal 
(e.g. all MRs share a given prefix, say a /48), define how routing is 
performed between MRs (maybe still with /64s), and then write protocols 
that can do this in one way or another: again what matters is the model, 
not how you implement it.

I think the whole discussion is biased because there is no common 
agreement about the objectives of MANET autoconfiguration. In the 
Internet, addresses are administratively assigned to RIRs, LIRs, etc and 
a subnet is something that has administrative boundaries. A human user 
assigns prefixes, and autoconfiguration only takes place for hosts (via 
DHCP or SAA). One can see a subnet as the entity that "owns" a given 
address space, as my university owns a /48 and the CS department owns a 
few /64s. This is actually merely done for IP routing to scale, and to 
avoid 2 sites from using the same addresses. It's all about how the 
Internet is topologically organized.

Now how does this relate to MANETs? First a MANET is made of routers, so 
we do router autoconfiguration and possibly host autoconfiguration (for 
hosts attached to MRs). Second and more importantly, MANET routers do 
not necessarily belong to an administrative authority and this is a big 
difference compared to the Internet. Also a MANET is not always 
connected to the Internet, so we don't always have to follow existing 
rules. To me this is the kind of discussions that should appear in the 
MANET-arch document. One could then extract scenarios that will be 
considered by the WG. I see 4 of them:

- flat: all nodes have /128, routing entries are /128. An MR has to take 
care of routing for hosts attached to it, and hosts have a default route 
pointing to the MR they are attached to
- semi-flat: all routers own a /64, they delegate /128 to hosts attached 
to them, routing entries in routers are /64, hosts have a default route 
pointing to the MR they are attached to
- coherent: all MRs share a given prefix. For example for an 
Internet-connected MANET this could an Internet routeable /48, and for 
an isolated MANET this could a reserved prefix by IANA for MANETs (e.g. 
MANET-local prefix).
- clustered: some (topologically close) MRs share a given prefix, and 
routing entries to this cluster may be aggregated. Example is a MANET 
with multiple gateways to the Internet or a very large isolated MANET 
that need routing aggregation for scalability reasons.

I think that MANET-arch-00 would have been a very good document for the 
MANET WG when it started, but I currently don't see how it fits into the 
AUTOCONF framework.

best regards,
Christophe


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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 05 09:56:16 2006
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To: Christophe Jelger <Christophe.Jelger@unibas.ch>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Subnet model 
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Comments: In-reply-to Christophe Jelger <Christophe.Jelger@unibas.ch>
	message dated "Thu, 05 Oct 2006 12:00:37 +0200."
Date: Thu, 05 Oct 2006 09:56:05 -0400
From: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>
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Thank you Christophe. I agree with pretty much everything you say.

Christophe Jelger <Christophe.Jelger@unibas.ch> writes:

> I think the whole discussion is biased because there is no common 
> agreement about the objectives of MANET autoconfiguration.

Well, that is what I'm trying to understand. And if people can't
explain it, or write it down in a document (even if this is only 2
pages), then we (this WG and the IETF) do not have agreement, and the
obvious implication is that none of the work being worked on in this
space is going to go anywhere. Thus, attempts to brush these questions
off as unimportant or trivial (rather than actually answering them)
while preferring to work on solutions is (IMO) a doomed strategy. I
assume the real goal is to get documents out that can be approved by
the broader community and IESG!

> Now how does this relate to MANETs? First a MANET is made of
> routers,

And indeed, one question I have is "are all nodes routers?" Who
decides whether one wants to be just a host or a router? And how does
that change things? (I assume there will be dumb hosts that don't want
to be routers -- is that a shared assumption?)


> so we do router autoconfiguration and possibly host
> autoconfiguration (for hosts attached to MRs). Second and more
> importantly, MANET routers do not necessarily belong to an
> administrative authority and this is a big difference compared to
> the Internet.

Yes, but I wonder if this too is a distraction. Whether a manet is
connected to the Public internet or not, doesn't seem (to me) to have
any impact on its subnet model. The only impact would be what
addresses the nodes have (publically routable vs. private/site local).

Indeed, another question that comes to my mind is, how does the
autoconf problem in manets compare/relate to the zrouter (zero config
router) BOFs that were held at one point, where the goal was to
autoconfigure the subnets within an autonomous area. How is the work
here similar, and how does it differ?

> Also a MANET is not always connected to the Internet, so we don't
> always have to follow existing rules.

But there presumably still needs to be some basic assumptions about
what a subnet is, how the addresses on a subnet relate to each other,
etc., regadless of whether the manet is connected to the internet.

> To me this is the kind of discussions that should appear in the
> MANET-arch document. One could then extract scenarios that will be
> considered by the WG. I see 4 of them:

> - flat: all nodes have /128, routing entries are /128. An MR has to take 
> care of routing for hosts attached to it, and hosts have a default route 
> pointing to the MR they are attached to
> - semi-flat: all routers own a /64, they delegate /128 to hosts attached 
> to them, routing entries in routers are /64, hosts have a default route 
> pointing to the MR they are attached to
> - coherent: all MRs share a given prefix. For example for an 
> Internet-connected MANET this could an Internet routeable /48, and for 
> an isolated MANET this could a reserved prefix by IANA for MANETs (e.g. 
> MANET-local prefix).
> - clustered: some (topologically close) MRs share a given prefix, and 
> routing entries to this cluster may be aggregated. Example is a MANET 
> with multiple gateways to the Internet or a very large isolated MANET 
> that need routing aggregation for scalability reasons.

Yep, the above are the kinds of questions I have. Just what is being
proposed? (and answering "any and all of them" is not the answer I'm
looking for!)

Thomas

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 05 10:28:42 2006
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Dear all,

I just updated my Internet Draft on MANET Local IPv6 Addresses (MLAs) as 
it was about to expire. It is available here (and normally soon on ietf 
web site):

   http://cn.cs.unibas.ch/people/cj/draft-jelger-autoconf-mla-01.txt

I included some comments I got from Fred Templin and Joe Macker, and I 
also extended it to include the case where non-router hosts are attached 
to MANET routers and one wants these hosts to autoconfigure a MLA.

Comments are of course welcome.

best regards,
Christophe

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Thu Oct 05 12:52:40 2006
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Thomas/All:

Just some thoughts here. Hopefully they add to the discussion.

Regarding the router/host question that keeps coming up. I think we really
are talking about configuring routers and associated prefixes (for networks
behind the routers) if we do our job right. It would be good to review any
related zrouter issues but I believe there are more than zero configuration
issues as well.  Also, we sometimes in MANET routing designs have modes were
a node is not actively forwarding (for policy or energy reasons) but is
running a MANET routing code. I view these nodes as routers or MRs since
they can become active L3 forwarders dynamically.  Attached hosts and
prefixes behind the router are just that IMO as with the normal IP model
(e.g., vehicular LANS,etc).

I do believe multiple deployment models have been envisioned to manage
addressing and interconnection for MANET routing in particular ways.  In
particular, I have a working MANET testbed running two very different
addressing approach.  Just as for host configuration this may lead to
alternate solutions that are valid and solve different scenarios (e.g.,
zrouter type vs more stateful DHCP with relay agents,etc).  We need to
discuss scenarios to understand this better.  Does the group want to define
both of those types ? .. perhaps not but the discussion should happen.  The
fixed Internet has both types and they are both valid.  Even hybrid
stateful/stateless autoconf can make sense as we see with IPv6. These are
just examples but the rationale would be driven by deployment scenarios as
you suggest.

I think we can discuss that.

> Yes. All links on which IP runs today are always reachable in both 
> directions. When that isn't the case, IP doesn't run normally.

Also on this point, even without MANET, IP is running on wireless links
everyday all over the world (e.g., 802.11) that are ONLY Temporally not
Always bidirectional.  I certainly have better antennas at my access point
in my house than in my portable devices and there are lost link packets in
both directions for various environmental reasons and its not as simple as
an out-of-range issue.  Rather than always, I would say we need some
statistically significant reachability in both directions for many protocols
in the IP stack to run normally and this varies dependent upon the protocol
design assumptions and transport layer. Certainly with mobile routers we are
attempting to improve this situation by defining neighbor bidirectionality
testing and status maintenance for IP prior to declaring a valid useable
link.  We could or course borrow L2 bidirectional neighbor status if that
information is available.

-Joe


>-----Original Message-----
>From: Thomas Narten [mailto:narten@us.ibm.com] 
>Sent: Thursday, October 05, 2006 9:56 AM
>To: Christophe Jelger
>Cc: autoconf@ietf.org
>Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Subnet model 
>
>Thank you Christophe. I agree with pretty much everything you say.
>
>Christophe Jelger <Christophe.Jelger@unibas.ch> writes:
>
>> I think the whole discussion is biased because there is no common 
>> agreement about the objectives of MANET autoconfiguration.
>
>Well, that is what I'm trying to understand. And if people 
>can't explain it, or write it down in a document (even if this 
>is only 2 pages), then we (this WG and the IETF) do not have 
>agreement, and the obvious implication is that none of the 
>work being worked on in this space is going to go anywhere. 
>Thus, attempts to brush these questions off as unimportant or 
>trivial (rather than actually answering them) while preferring 
>to work on solutions is (IMO) a doomed strategy. I assume the 
>real goal is to get documents out that can be approved by the 
>broader community and IESG!
>



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Hello Thomas,

It is important to allow a manet that consists of a lot of
point-to-point links without enforcing subnet definitions
on those links.

The endpoints of these communication links are called
neighbors, and neighbors do not have to share a common
subnet prefix for their IP addresses.  This behavior is
pretty much the same as with Mobile IP.  Suppose that
a mobile node encounters a foreign agent and sets up
communication using the care-of address offered by the
foreign agent (i.e., not using a co-located care-of address).
The node can register by way of that foreign agent, and
communicate with the foreign agent, even though the mobile
node and the foreign agent do not have a common subnet
prefix.

The addresses of the mobile node and the foreign agent are
not on the same subnet, but the two nodes clearly have an
established communication link.

That communication link is important for the IP communication
between the two nodes -- just as the communication link
between any two manet nodes is important for them to
communicate.

A few comments inline.

ext Thomas Narten wrote:
>
>> If two nodes will reliably be able to communicate using one IP hop,
>> then they can (and probably should) be configured in the same
>> subnet/prefix.
>>     
I do not agree with this.
>
> OK. so manets do have the notion of subnets, as is commonly assumed in
> IP.
>
>   
I also do not agree that manets necessarily have a notion of subnets.
>
> I don't want to hear about manet routing protocols. We should be able
> to talk about the subnet model/architecture without getting into
> specific manet routing protocols.
>   
That is true, but on the other hand we should be able to talk about manet
routing protocols and address autoconfiguration in situations where there
are not any subnets (except perhaps for the trivial subnet consisting of
just one node).
>
>   
>> In MANET we do not need to add attach any additional criteria to the
>> term link. It is simply a communication facility below IP.
>>     
Check!


Regards,
Charlie P.


-- 
Please address return e-mail to charles.perkins@nokia.com


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I'd like to announce the arch-01 document.

Please review it, send me comments, and bring discussion to the mailing list.

Thanks.
Ian Chakeres

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org <Internet-Drafts@ietf.org>
Date: Oct 5, 2006 12:50 PM
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
To: i-d-announce@ietf.org


A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
directories.


        Title           : Mobile Ad hoc Network Architecture
        Author(s)       : I. Chakeres, et al.
        Filename        : draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
        Pages           : 17
        Date            : 2006-10-5

This document discusses Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs).  It
   introduces basic MANET terms, characteristics, and challenges.  This
   document also defines several MANET entities and architectural
   concepts.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt

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Subject: FW: [Autoconf] Subnet model 
Date: Fri, 6 Oct 2006 17:53:02 -0700
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Hi, all,

It seems I'm a bit late to the discussion. Let me put my two cents in,
though. Comments inline.=20

> > Now how does this relate to MANETs? First a MANET is made of
routers,
>=20
> And indeed, one question I have is "are all nodes routers?"=20
> Who decides whether one wants to be just a host or a router?=20
> And how does that change things? (I assume there will be dumb=20
> hosts that don't want to be routers -- is that a shared assumption?)
>

I don't seem to see the big difference that this can make. If one allows
dumb hosts, they won't care if they are in a MANET or not. They're dumb.
So, the only thing that matters is that an MR that stands in front of
such dumb hosts need to take care of them. NAT comes to mind. Also,
getting a prefix and assigning addresses from the prefix to the attached
dumb hosts will work just as fine.=20
=20
> Indeed, another question that comes to my mind is, how does=20
> the autoconf problem in manets compare/relate to the zrouter=20
> (zero config
> router) BOFs that were held at one point, where the goal was=20
> to autoconfigure the subnets within an autonomous area. How=20
> is the work here similar, and how does it differ?
>

I'm not familiar with this work. Could you point me to some information
about this zrouter BOF?
=20
> > Also a MANET is not always connected to the Internet, so we don't=20
> > always have to follow existing rules.
>=20
> But there presumably still needs to be some basic assumptions=20
> about what a subnet is, how the addresses on a subnet relate=20
> to each other, etc., regadless of whether the manet is=20
> connected to the internet.
>

The was I understand things are like this. A "link" is a communication
facility under L3. I don't think there should be an assumption of
bi-directional reachability on a link. It may or may not provide such
support. Joe gave a good example of wireless "links" that may not
provide it. A "subnet" is an artificial concept that is used to group a
set of nodes that are presumably "on" a same link. Note that this group
is not necessarily all nodes on the link as pointed out by Ian. By
assigning/configuring addresses that belongs to the same subnet, this
group of nodes know that all the other nodes in the same subnet (that
can be identified with their IP addresses and netmask) can be reached by
just relying on the link, without getting any L3/IP routing involved. If
we limit the discussion to providing multihop connectivity at the layer
3 (i.e., the multi-hop nature is exposed to L3 compared to L2 MANET
solutions that present an ethernet-like view of MANET to L3), an MR
cannot really be sure about what other MRs will be one hop away (i.e.,
that can be reached by L2) because of their mobility and the nature of
wireless medium. So, if a MANET is configured to be a single subnet,
that causes the multi-link subnet problems as pointed out by Dave
Thaler.
=20
> > To me this is the kind of discussions that should appear in the=20
> > MANET-arch document. One could then extract scenarios that will be=20
> > considered by the WG. I see 4 of them:
>=20
> > - flat: all nodes have /128, routing entries are /128. An MR has to=20
> > take care of routing for hosts attached to it, and hosts have a=20
> > default route pointing to the MR they are attached to
> > - semi-flat: all routers own a /64, they delegate /128 to hosts=20
> > attached to them, routing entries in routers are /64, hosts have a=20
> > default route pointing to the MR they are attached to
> > - coherent: all MRs share a given prefix. For example for an=20
> > Internet-connected MANET this could an Internet routeable  /48, and
for=20
> > an isolated MANET this could a reserved prefix by IANA for MANETs
(e.g.
> > MANET-local prefix).
> > - clustered: some (topologically close) MRs share a given prefix,
and=20
> > routing entries to this cluster may be aggregated. Example is a
MANET=20
> > with multiple gateways to the Internet or a very large isolated
MANET=20
> > that need routing aggregation for scalability reasons.
>=20
> Yep, the above are the kinds of questions I have. Just what=20
> is being proposed? (and answering "any and all of them" is=20
> not the answer I'm looking for!)
>

I did not think of the "clustered" one but I like this classification. I
don't see why we need to choose one over the others. They can all
co-exist. When there are no attached hosts, "flat" will work just fine.
An autoconf scheme needs to assign a /128 address per MR. When there are
attached hosts and MRs do not want to NAT them, they can get a prefix
and sub-allocate the addresses to the attached hosts - "semi-flat". The
autoconf scheme will need to provide prefix on top of addresses. When a
MANET is connected to the Internet, a topologically correct prefix can
be assigned for the whole MANET - "coherent". MANET gateways will be the
aggregation points for the prefix but none of the MRs will be configured
to be in the same subnet with any other MRs. This can be done with
appropriate netmask settings. This prefix can be divided and given out
to MRs in the MANET as in "semi-flat" model. And we can avoid having a
multi-link subnet in this way, which I think is a good thing.

Thanks,

- Seung

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Date: Sun, 08 Oct 2006 19:59:16 -0400
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Subnet model 
From: Ralph Droms <rdroms@cisco.com>
To: "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com>, <autoconf@ietf.org>
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Excerpted, with comments in line...

- Ralph


On 10/6/06 8:53 PM, "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com> wrote:
>> 
>> But there presumably still needs to be some basic assumptions
>> about what a subnet is, how the addresses on a subnet relate
>> to each other, etc., regadless of whether the manet is
>> connected to the internet.
>> 
> 
> The was I understand things are like this. A "link" is a communication
> facility under L3. I don't think there should be an assumption of
> bi-directional reachability on a link. It may or may not provide such
> support. Joe gave a good example of wireless "links" that may not
> provide it.

OK ... But are there fundamental assumptions in IP about bi-directional
reachability?  E.g., will ARP, ND, IPv6 address autoconfiguration all work
if bi-directional reachability fails?


> A "subnet" is an artificial concept that is used to group a
> set of nodes that are presumably "on" a same link.

Is a "subnet" the set of nodes with addresses assigned from a single prefix?
Is there an assumption that all nodes in a subnet have bi-directional
reachability?  Is that reachability achieved without routing and without TTL
decrement?

> Note that this group
> is not necessarily all nodes on the link as pointed out by Ian. By
> assigning/configuring addresses that belongs to the same subnet, this
> group of nodes know that all the other nodes in the same subnet (that
> can be identified with their IP addresses and netmask) can be reached by
> just relying on the link, without getting any L3/IP routing involved. If
> we limit the discussion to providing multihop connectivity at the layer
> 3 (i.e., the multi-hop nature is exposed to L3 compared to L2 MANET
> solutions that present an ethernet-like view of MANET to L3),

Is this the point at which we need to add fixes to IP?  Is there a
fundamental assumption in IP that an L2 layer is always "single hop" for IP?

> an MR
> cannot really be sure about what other MRs will be one hop away (i.e.,
> that can be reached by L2) because of their mobility and the nature of
> wireless medium. So, if a MANET is configured to be a single subnet,
> that causes the multi-link subnet problems as pointed out by Dave
> Thaler.
> 
> - Seung

- Ralph


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Date: Mon, 09 Oct 2006 19:02:09 +0530
From: Shubhranshu <shubhranshu@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
To: Ian Chakeres <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>, autoconf@ietf.org
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 Ian et al/All,

I went through this revised ID and found it well written. However, this version also does not say anything about MANET subnet. Looking from the Autoconf perspective, two important things that I would like to see in this document are: 

- Specific text about MANET subnet 
- Since there could be different subnet models, this document should nail down all the options and come forward with single model that could be acceptable to the majority. 
It would be good to hear different thoughts & opinions on the second point.   

Other thoughts related to this ID are:

- I wonder how much of section 7.2. "Cross Layering" belong to this document. I find this section quite general and true for any wireless network.

- "Challenges" section sounds more like requirements than architecture and I would suggest further revision. 

- IMO, first para, section 4 does not belong to this document esp I think words such as "ideally suited" should be avoided. 

Regards,
Shubhranshu

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Ian Chakeres" <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
To: <autoconf@ietf.org>; "manet" <manet@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, October 06, 2006 11:51 PM
Subject: [Autoconf] Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt


> I'd like to announce the arch-01 document.
> 
> Please review it, send me comments, and bring discussion to the mailing list.
> 
> Thanks.
> Ian Chakeres
> 
> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org <Internet-Drafts@ietf.org>
> Date: Oct 5, 2006 12:50 PM
> Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
> To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
> 
> 
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
> directories.
> 
> 
>        Title           : Mobile Ad hoc Network Architecture
>        Author(s)       : I. Chakeres, et al.
>        Filename        : draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
>        Pages           : 17
>        Date            : 2006-10-5
> 
> This document discusses Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs).  It
>   introduces basic MANET terms, characteristics, and challenges.  This
>   document also defines several MANET entities and architectural
>   concepts.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
> 
> To remove yourself from the I-D Announcement list, send a message to
> i-d-announce-request@ietf.org with the word unsubscribe in the body of
> the message.
> You can also visit https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/I-D-announce
> to change your subscription settings.
> 
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the
> username "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After
> logging in, type "cd internet-drafts" and then
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> 
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> or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
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> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;Ian et al/All,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>I went through this revised ID and found it well 
written. However, this version also does not say anything about MANET subnet. 
Looking from the Autoconf perspective, two important things that I would like to 
see in this document are: </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>- Specific text about MANET subnet <BR>- Since 
there could be different subnet models, this document should nail down all the 
options and come forward with single model that could be acceptable to the 
majority. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>It would be good to hear different thoughts &amp; 
opinions on the second point. &nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Other thoughts related to this ID are:</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>- I wonder how much of section 7.2. "Cross 
Layering" belong to this document. I find this section quite general 
and&nbsp;true for any wireless network.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>- "Challenges" section sounds more like 
requirements than architecture and I would suggest further revision. 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>- IMO, first para, section 4 does not belong to 
this document esp I think words such as "ideally suited" should be avoided. 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Regards,<BR>Shubhranshu</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>----- Original Message ----- 
<DIV>From: "Ian Chakeres" &lt;<A 
href="mailto:ian.chakeres@gmail.com">ian.chakeres@gmail.com</A>&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>To: &lt;<A href="mailto:autoconf@ietf.org">autoconf@ietf.org</A>&gt;; 
"manet" &lt;<A href="mailto:manet@ietf.org">manet@ietf.org</A>&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>Sent: Friday, October 06, 2006 11:51 PM</DIV>
<DIV>Subject: [Autoconf] Fwd: I-D 
ACTION:draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt</DIV></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>&gt; I'd like to announce the arch-01 document.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; 
Please review it, send me comments, and bring discussion to the mailing 
list.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; Thanks.<BR>&gt; Ian Chakeres<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; ---------- 
Forwarded message ----------<BR>&gt; From: <A 
href="mailto:Internet-Drafts@ietf.org">Internet-Drafts@ietf.org</A> &lt;<A 
href="mailto:Internet-Drafts@ietf.org">Internet-Drafts@ietf.org</A>&gt;<BR>&gt; 
Date: Oct 5, 2006 12:50 PM<BR>&gt; Subject: I-D 
ACTION:draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt<BR>&gt; To: <A 
href="mailto:i-d-announce@ietf.org">i-d-announce@ietf.org</A><BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; 
<BR>&gt; A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line 
Internet-Drafts<BR>&gt; directories.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; 
<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
Title&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : Mobile Ad 
hoc Network Architecture<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
Author(s)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : I. Chakeres, et 
al.<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
Filename&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : 
draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
Pages&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : 
17<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
Date&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; : 
2006-10-5<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; This document discusses Mobile Ad hoc NETworks 
(MANETs).&nbsp; It<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; introduces basic MANET terms, 
characteristics, and challenges.&nbsp; This<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; document also 
defines several MANET entities and architectural<BR>&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
concepts.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; A URL for this Internet-Draft is:<BR>&gt; <A 
href="http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt</A><BR>&gt; 
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Subject: FW: [Autoconf] Subnet model 
Date: Mon, 9 Oct 2006 07:57:29 -0700
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From: "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com>
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Ralph,

Comments inline.=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Ralph Droms [mailto:rdroms@cisco.com]=20
> Sent: Sunday, October 08, 2006 4:59 PM
> To: Yi, Seung; autoconf@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Autoconf] Subnet model=20
>
> > The was I understand things are like this. A "link" is a=20
> communication=20
> > facility under L3. I don't think there should be an assumption of=20
> > bi-directional reachability on a link. It may or may not=20
> provide such=20
> > support. Joe gave a good example of wireless "links" that may not=20
> > provide it.
>=20
> OK ... But are there fundamental assumptions in IP about=20
> bi-directional reachability?  E.g., will ARP, ND, IPv6=20
> address autoconfiguration all work if bi-directional=20
> reachability fails?
>

I'm not saying there should be such an assumption. Rather, I'm making an

observation that such an assumption seems to exist in many protocol=20
designer's mind. ARP and IPv6 ND are the perfect examples. Obviously,
neither can work without the bi-directional reachability. Further, if
that=20
assumption was "implicit", different operatinal environment of the MANET

brings it out to the front so that we actually have to deal with the
case=20
when that assumption does not hold anymore and some protocols break=20
as the result. Of course, what is the best way to approach this
challenge
will have to be discussed.
=20
>=20
> > A "subnet" is an artificial concept that is used to group a set of=20
> > nodes that are presumably "on" a same link.
>=20
> Is a "subnet" the set of nodes with addresses assigned from a=20
> single prefix?
> Is there an assumption that all nodes in a subnet have=20
> bi-directional reachability?  Is that reachability achieved=20
> without routing and without TTL decrement?
>=20

That is what I understand as a subnet: a set of nodes that shares=20
a network prefix. Again, from the way IP routing decision works=20
(i.e., a node sends/forwards packets to an interface that sits on the=20
subnet prefix if the packet is destined to a node in the same subnet),=20
it seems to me that the bi-directional L2 reachability is assumed=20
within a subnet. Or, am I missing something?

> > Note that this group
> > is not necessarily all nodes on the link as pointed out by Ian. By=20
> > assigning/configuring addresses that belongs to the same=20
> subnet, this=20
> > group of nodes know that all the other nodes in the same=20
> subnet (that=20
> > can be identified with their IP addresses and netmask) can=20
> be reached=20
> > by just relying on the link, without getting any L3/IP routing=20
> > involved. If we limit the discussion to providing multihop=20
> > connectivity at the layer
> > 3 (i.e., the multi-hop nature is exposed to L3 compared to L2 MANET=20
> > solutions that present an ethernet-like view of MANET to L3),
>=20
> Is this the point at which we need to add fixes to IP?  Is=20
> there a fundamental assumption in IP that an L2 layer is=20
> always "single hop" for IP?
>

Again, some of fundamental components such as ARP and IPv6 ND will
break when L2 is not a single hop for IP. Do we "fix" IP so that IP can
handle=20
such situations or do we make all L2 look like an ethernet to IP? I'm
not=20
making any strong claim for either at this point. I think both can be
viable
solutions depending on the application domain and deployment scenarios.
Also, I think we can preserve much of existing semantics by "fixing"
some=20
of the protocols (compared to the IP) that obviously rely on the "single
hop"=20
view such as ARP and IPv6 ND.=20

- Seung

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Date: Mon, 9 Oct 2006 13:32:43 -0700
From: "Ian Chakeres" <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
To: Shubhranshu <shubhranshu@samsung.com>, autoconf@ietf.org, 
	"Thomas Narten" <narten@us.ibm.com>, 
	"Thomas Heide Clausen (home)" <Thomas.Clausen@polytechnique.fr>, 
	"Joe P Macker (home)" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
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After doings some reading up on various RFCs, I've been trying to come
up with an answer to the question "what is the subnet model for
MANET", or perhaps more accurately "what is the subnet model for MANET
Autoconf".

As Joe pointed out, I think that running MANET routers unnumbered is a
valid approach.  Essentially this can be thought of as the "no subnet
model". Some more information on running unnumbered can be found in
RFC 1812, and a few other references I've listed below my name.

Given this subnet model, I think that the first goal of the Autoconf
group would be to determine a MANET router's router-id.

Do you think this is the right "subnet model" for the Autoconf WG?

Do you think the initial goal of the Autoconf group should be to
determine a MANET router's router-id?

Ian Chakeres

Here are a few references I found relevent:
RFC 950
RFC 3819
draft-iab-multilink-subnet-issues
www.apricot2006.net/slides/conf/thursday/Kireeti_Kompella_unnum.ppt
draft-madanapalli-16ng-subnet-model-analysis
draft-ietf-v6ops-802.16-deployment-scenarios

On 10/9/06, Shubhranshu <shubhranshu@samsung.com> wrote:
>
>
>  Ian et al/All,
>
> I went through this revised ID and found it well written. However, this
> version also does not say anything about MANET subnet. Looking from the
> Autoconf perspective, two important things that I would like to see in this
> document are:
>
> - Specific text about MANET subnet
> - Since there could be different subnet models, this document should nail
> down all the options and come forward with single model that could be
> acceptable to the majority.
> It would be good to hear different thoughts & opinions on the second point.
>
>
> Other thoughts related to this ID are:
>
> - I wonder how much of section 7.2. "Cross Layering" belong to this
> document. I find this section quite general and true for any wireless
> network.
>
> - "Challenges" section sounds more like requirements than architecture and I
> would suggest further revision.
>
> - IMO, first para, section 4 does not belong to this document esp I think
> words such as "ideally suited" should be avoided.
>
> Regards,
> Shubhranshu
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Ian Chakeres" <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
> To: <autoconf@ietf.org>; "manet" <manet@ietf.org>
> Sent: Friday, October 06, 2006 11:51 PM
> Subject: [Autoconf] Fwd: I-D
> ACTION:draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
>
> > I'd like to announce the arch-01 document.
> >
> > Please review it, send me comments, and bring discussion to the mailing
> list.
> >
> > Thanks.
> > Ian Chakeres
> >
> > ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> > From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org <Internet-Drafts@ietf.org>
> > Date: Oct 5, 2006 12:50 PM
> > Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
> > To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
> >
> >
> > A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
> > directories.
> >
> >
> >        Title           : Mobile Ad hoc Network Architecture
> >        Author(s)       : I. Chakeres, et al.
> >        Filename        : draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
> >        Pages           : 17
> >        Date            : 2006-10-5
> >
> > This document discusses Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs).  It
> >   introduces basic MANET terms, characteristics, and challenges.  This
> >   document also defines several MANET entities and architectural
> >   concepts.
> >
> > A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> >
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt
> >
> > To remove yourself from the I-D Announcement list, send a message to
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> > or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
> >
> > Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
> >
> > Send a message to:
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> >
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> >
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>

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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
Date: Mon, 9 Oct 2006 13:50:43 -0700
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Ian Chakeres" <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>,
	"Shubhranshu" <shubhranshu@samsung.com>, <autoconf@ietf.org>,
	"Thomas Narten" <narten@us.ibm.com>,
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> As Joe pointed out, I think that running MANET routers unnumbered is a
> valid approach.  Essentially this can be thought of as the "no subnet
> model".

Right, and as I pointed out that model derives from:

http://tools.ietf.org/wg/autoconf/draft-thaler-autoconf-multisubnet-mane
ts-00.txt

But, in this "multisubnet manet" model the MANET routers still
have a link-local address on their MANET interface that needs
to be maintained as unique within the MANET; right?

So, maybe it would be better called something like the
"link-local-only" model?

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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Subject: Re: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal 
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"Ian Chakeres" <ian.chakeres@gmail.com> writes:

> After doings some reading up on various RFCs, I've been trying to come
> up with an answer to the question "what is the subnet model for
> MANET", or perhaps more accurately "what is the subnet model for MANET
> Autoconf".

> As Joe pointed out, I think that running MANET routers unnumbered is a
> valid approach.  Essentially this can be thought of as the "no subnet
> model". Some more information on running unnumbered can be found in
> RFC 1812, and a few other references I've listed below my name.

Maybe it's just me, but I just don't get this (and it is driving me
crazy!)

Can you point to any other network that runs IP that has a "no subnet
model"? What does this mean? I'm trying to understand how this would
work actually work. I.e., how packets go from one node to another.

For example, if I am a host H1, how do I send packets to H3? Can H1
send packets to H3 directly (if they are in radio range of each
other)? Or can they never do so? Do they always forward traffic to
their attached  router, and then the routers (via the magic of flat
routing) route the packet to the host's directly attached  route for
final delivery?

And above you say "running MANET routers unnumbered is a valid
approach". I'm sure there are a number of "valid approaches". Which
one is the WG focussed on? Or are there a number of different valid
approaches, each of which will need to be supported? Presumably this
WG needs to pick one approach and standardize it. Right?

> Given this subnet model, I think that the first goal of the Autoconf
> group would be to determine a MANET router's router-id.

What is the significance of a router ID? What does it have to do with
a _host_ determining what address it should use? Or what constitues an
IP subnet?

> Do you think this is the right "subnet model" for the Autoconf WG?

> Do you think the initial goal of the Autoconf group should be to
> determine a MANET router's router-id?

What documents describe the purpose of the router ID and what it is
used for? (I assume this is a well-understood concept in MANETs...)

Thomas

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Ian, Joe,

Well I have to admit I'm not so familiar with this unnumbered approach 
and I think it would be useful (hopefully for everybody) if you could 
further explain why you think this is a good approach.

I had a look at different documents, and I'm not sure how you want to 
apply this unnumbered approach to MANETs and what it really solves. It 
seems it's useful so that one does not need to assign a unique address 
to each interface of the router: is this what you foresee? Or do you 
want to use this for its off-link properties?

best regards,
Christophe

Ian Chakeres wrote:
> After doings some reading up on various RFCs, I've been trying to come
> up with an answer to the question "what is the subnet model for
> MANET", or perhaps more accurately "what is the subnet model for MANET
> Autoconf".
> 
> As Joe pointed out, I think that running MANET routers unnumbered is a
> valid approach.  Essentially this can be thought of as the "no subnet
> model". Some more information on running unnumbered can be found in
> RFC 1812, and a few other references I've listed below my name.
> 
> Given this subnet model, I think that the first goal of the Autoconf
> group would be to determine a MANET router's router-id.
> 
> Do you think this is the right "subnet model" for the Autoconf WG?
> 
> Do you think the initial goal of the Autoconf group should be to
> determine a MANET router's router-id?
> 
> Ian Chakeres
> 
> Here are a few references I found relevent:
> RFC 950
> RFC 3819
> draft-iab-multilink-subnet-issues
> www.apricot2006.net/slides/conf/thursday/Kireeti_Kompella_unnum.ppt
> draft-madanapalli-16ng-subnet-model-analysis
> draft-ietf-v6ops-802.16-deployment-scenarios
> 

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Subject: Re: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
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Hello Thomas,

ext Thomas Narten wrote:
>
> Can you point to any other network that runs IP that has a "no subnet
> model"? What does this mean? I'm trying to understand how this would
> work actually work. I.e., how packets go from one node to another.
>   
What is wrong with modeling the link as a point-to-point connection?

What about my Mobile IP example?

> For example, if I am a host H1, how do I send packets to H3? Can H1
> send packets to H3 directly (if they are in radio range of each
> other)?
Yes, if they have a point-to-point link.

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 10 10:50:17 2006
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Hello Ian,

ext Ian Chakeres wrote:
> As Joe pointed out, I think that running MANET routers unnumbered is a
> valid approach.
O.K., but...
> Essentially this can be thought of as the "no subnet
> model". 
Sounds like a no-address model.
>
>
> Given this subnet model, I think that the first goal of the Autoconf
> group would be to determine a MANET router's router-id.
Why not use the node's IP address as its router-id?

But why even bother?  It is quite clear we can use the unsubnetted IP
address as the endpoint of a point-to-point link.
>
> Do you think this is the right "subnet model" for the Autoconf WG?
I don't think it is necessary, and I think it is easier to just
not bother making any requirement for having a subnet model.
What good is it to make the requirement?

Of course it should be _allowed_ to have subnets...
>
> Do you think the initial goal of the Autoconf group should be to
> determine a MANET router's router-id?
No, I definitely do not think so.   I think it would be a big
waste of time and a mistake.

Regards,
Charlie P.


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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 10 12:03:02 2006
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I went back and looked at Dave's presentation about autoconf-multisubnet-manet
(www3.ietf.org/proceedings/06mar/slides/autoconf-0/autoconf-0.ppt). It
provides some good food for thought, and fits with the MANET routing
protocols.

Do people agree with the ideas below? paraphrased from above presentation

AUTOCONF protocol determines/allocates prefixes not addresses to MANET routers

MANET routers assign a prefix to a loopback interface or to a
non-MANET interface for clients

MANET routers pick a router-id, and often configure an address within
this prefix

MANET routing protocol exchanges prefix routes

client nodes attached to MANET routers, pick their address(es) in the
router's prefix normally

Ian Chakeres

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 10 12:24:25 2006
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Hello Ian,

Overall this sounds very reasonable. See detailed comments inline.

Ian Chakeres wrote:
> I went back and looked at Dave's presentation about 
> autoconf-multisubnet-manet
> (www3.ietf.org/proceedings/06mar/slides/autoconf-0/autoconf-0.ppt). It
> provides some good food for thought, and fits with the MANET routing
> protocols.
> 
> Do people agree with the ideas below? paraphrased from above presentation
> 
> AUTOCONF protocol determines/allocates prefixes not addresses to MANET 
> routers

fine, except that IPv6 routers are not supposed to perform stateless 
address autoconfiguration: so yes AUTOCONF determines prefixes, but 
depending on the scheme one might need to also assign an address for the 
router (which is a side problem).

> MANET routers assign a prefix to a loopback interface or to a
> non-MANET interface for clients

as expressed in a previous email today, I'm not sure what this brings us 
so I'm not for or against it yet: I'm waiting to be convinced this is a 
good idea. ;-) I don't see any problems with assigning addresses to 
interfaces as long as routing protocols advertise prefixes (by the way 
the link to ppt slides you sent yesterday says the unnumbered trick is 
useless with IPv6 and I agree so far).

> MANET routers pick a router-id, and often configure an address within
> this prefix

what's the difference between a prefix and a router-id? Is there any? I 
think it's just fine if we use the term prefix and forget about this 
router-id stuff.

> MANET routing protocol exchanges prefix routes
> 
> client nodes attached to MANET routers, pick their address(es) in the
> router's prefix normally

fine.

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> fine, except that IPv6 routers are not supposed to perform stateless=20
> address autoconfiguration: so yes AUTOCONF determines prefixes, but=20
> depending on the scheme one might need to also assign an address for
the=20
> router (which is a side problem).

Two points here:
1) the router would not be doing SLAAC to get an address
on its access interface; it would be using some prefix
delegation mechanism to get a prefix via its access
interface that it could use on a loopback interface *or*
for subnetting on its downstream attached interfaces.
2) the router still needs a unique link-local address on
its access interface - unless the access interface is a
p2p interface in which case it doesn't even need that.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 10 12:47:56 2006
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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
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I agree with both approaches.

A MANET L3 interface is not a fixed Ethernet model. Subnet prefixes in the
general sense are supported within the routing domain for attached networks
or border aggregation.  To retierate some previous posts, in the late 90s
some early MANET deployments incorrectly configured local MANET interfaces
with prefixes that included hosts multiple hops away.  This only worked
because router redirects can be turned off and longest prefix matching in
the routing tables kept things working .. at least for proactive routing.  I
think that was bad practice and is not how things have been done or should
be done. Hopefully at least that much is clear.

Viewing it as an unsubnetted local interface model with multiple
point-to-point neighbors works.  Running unnumbered or link local for some
architecturess also works.  Various running code has supported these
appraoches.

Do we need to force one model or can we support both?  Or as a slightly
different question does autoconf only want to address one approach?  I am
fan of enigneering both but discussing the differences clearly.

-joe

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Charles E. Perkins [mailto:charles.perkins@nokia.com] 
>Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2006 10:50 AM
>To: ext Ian Chakeres
>Cc: autoconf@ietf.org
>Subject: Re: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
>
>
>Hello Ian,
>
>ext Ian Chakeres wrote:
>> As Joe pointed out, I think that running MANET routers 
>unnumbered is a 
>> valid approach.
>O.K., but...
>> Essentially this can be thought of as the "no subnet model".
>Sounds like a no-address model.
>>
>>
>> Given this subnet model, I think that the first goal of the Autoconf 
>> group would be to determine a MANET router's router-id.
>Why not use the node's IP address as its router-id?
>
>But why even bother?  It is quite clear we can use the 
>unsubnetted IP address as the endpoint of a point-to-point link.
>>
>> Do you think this is the right "subnet model" for the Autoconf WG?
>I don't think it is necessary, and I think it is easier to 
>just not bother making any requirement for having a subnet model.
>What good is it to make the requirement?
>
>Of course it should be _allowed_ to have subnets...
>>
>> Do you think the initial goal of the Autoconf group should be to 
>> determine a MANET router's router-id?
>No, I definitely do not think so.   I think it would be a big
>waste of time and a mistake.
>
>Regards,
>Charlie P.
>
>
>--
>Please address return e-mail to charles.perkins@nokia.com
>
>
>_______________________________________________
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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
Date: Tue, 10 Oct 2006 10:05:57 -0700
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>,
	"Charles E. Perkins" <charles.perkins@nokia.com>,
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Question to ADs and/or WG chairs - is this list being
moderated or something?

Fred=20

-----Original Message-----
From: Templin, Fred L=20
Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2006 9:56 AM
To: 'Joe Macker'; 'Charles E. Perkins'; 'ext Ian Chakeres'
Cc: autoconf@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal

> Viewing it as an unsubnetted local interface model with multiple
> point-to-point neighbors works.

I think this depends on the type of access technology. If
broadcasts/multicasts sent over the access interface are
received by multiple neighbors, then it isn't multiple
point-to-point links - it is shared media link. A shared
media link can be made to look like multiple point-to-point
links if you use some sort of L2 partitioning like VLANs.
But then, it wouldn't be mobility-agile.

I don't want to keep plugging for my document, but maybe
take a look at 'draft-templin-manet-autoconf-link'.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>,
	"Charles E. Perkins" <charles.perkins@nokia.com>,
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> Viewing it as an unsubnetted local interface model with multiple
> point-to-point neighbors works.

I think this depends on the type of access technology. If
broadcasts/multicasts sent over the access interface are
received by multiple neighbors, then it isn't multiple
point-to-point links - it is shared media link. A shared
media link can be made to look like multiple point-to-point
links if you use some sort of L2 partitioning like VLANs.
But then, it wouldn't be mobility-agile.

I don't want to keep plugging for my document, but maybe
take a look at 'draft-templin-manet-autoconf-link'.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 10 15:19:43 2006
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From: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>
To: "'Templin, Fred L'" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>,
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Fred:

Yes, I think we agree, its multiple access specific and most akin to P2MP
with dynamic neighbor discovery (sorry I said that in a separate message)
...so in this interface type we can take advantage of link local multicast
(often optional with present IP P2MP) to reach multiple link local
neighbors. The main point was a shared prefix assignment on the link local
interface for reaching neighbor routers like a typical Ethernet doesn't make
much sense in a MANET. The routers can be in the same aggregate prefix for
routing area aggreagation purposes or can support attached prefixes as
normal.

Actually, since many router implementations support working across multiple
interface types we could have different types supported as well.  You are
right in that this is multiple access specific and we have all  perhaps
gotten used to discussing the typical shared access type that we deal with.

-Joe

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Templin, Fred L [mailto:Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com] 
>Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2006 12:56 PM
>To: Joe Macker; Charles E. Perkins; ext Ian Chakeres
>Cc: autoconf@ietf.org
>Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
>
>> Viewing it as an unsubnetted local interface model with multiple 
>> point-to-point neighbors works.
>
>I think this depends on the type of access technology. If 
>broadcasts/multicasts sent over the access interface are 
>received by multiple neighbors, then it isn't multiple 
>point-to-point links - it is shared media link. A shared media 
>link can be made to look like multiple point-to-point links if 
>you use some sort of L2 partitioning like VLANs.
>But then, it wouldn't be mobility-agile.
>
>I don't want to keep plugging for my document, but maybe take 
>a look at 'draft-templin-manet-autoconf-link'.
>
>Fred
>fred.l.templin@boeing.com
>



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From: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>
To: "'Christophe Jelger'" <Christophe.Jelger@unibas.ch>, <autoconf@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
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I do not want to get hung up on this too much (because I believe multiple
architectural models are valid)... Also this is not my idea and I am not
proposing it as new. It is a special case of router only mode of operation.
In MANET-OSPF this was being applied along with the use of link local
addressing approaches for IPv6 router-router links.  In this case the mobile
routers are just sending around and advertising attached prefix information.
Its what routers do and often times we have valid deployments in which we
know what routers and attached prefixes are being deployed. This is similar
to the Thaler ID concepts.  One would still want methods for assigning
distributed prefixes somehow and have some BGR discovery there are some EUID
uniqueness requirements(IPv6 stateless case). so there are still autoconf
issues.  There was a thread at the first autoconf WG in Dallas (there are
some notes in the proceedings I believe).

I think we should talk about the numbered case as well with the PTMP/dynamic
neighbor/multicast type interface assumption.

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Christophe Jelger [mailto:Christophe.Jelger@unibas.ch] 
>Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2006 5:41 AM
>To: autoconf@ietf.org
>Subject: Re: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
>
>Ian, Joe,
>
>Well I have to admit I'm not so familiar with this unnumbered 
>approach and I think it would be useful (hopefully for 
>everybody) if you could further explain why you think this is 
>a good approach.
>
>I had a look at different documents, and I'm not sure how you 
>want to apply this unnumbered approach to MANETs and what it 
>really solves. It seems it's useful so that one does not need 
>to assign a unique address to each interface of the router: is 
>this what you foresee? Or do you want to use this for its 
>off-link properties?
>
>best regards,
>Christophe
>
>Ian Chakeres wrote:
>> After doings some reading up on various RFCs, I've been 
>trying to come 
>> up with an answer to the question "what is the subnet model for 
>> MANET", or perhaps more accurately "what is the subnet model 
>for MANET 
>> Autoconf".
>> 
>> As Joe pointed out, I think that running MANET routers 
>unnumbered is a 
>> valid approach.  Essentially this can be thought of as the 
>"no subnet 
>> model". Some more information on running unnumbered can be found in 
>> RFC 1812, and a few other references I've listed below my name.
>> 
>> Given this subnet model, I think that the first goal of the Autoconf 
>> group would be to determine a MANET router's router-id.
>> 
>> Do you think this is the right "subnet model" for the Autoconf WG?
>> 
>> Do you think the initial goal of the Autoconf group should be to 
>> determine a MANET router's router-id?
>> 
>> Ian Chakeres
>> 
>> Here are a few references I found relevent:
>> RFC 950
>> RFC 3819
>> draft-iab-multilink-subnet-issues
>> www.apricot2006.net/slides/conf/thursday/Kireeti_Kompella_unnum.ppt
>> draft-madanapalli-16ng-subnet-model-analysis
>> draft-ietf-v6ops-802.16-deployment-scenarios
>> 
>
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Date: Wed, 11 Oct 2006 17:04:01 +0530
From: Shubhranshu <shubhranshu@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
To: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
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Fred,

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>; "Charles E. Perkins" <charles.perkins@nokia.com>; "ext Ian Chakeres" 
<ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
Cc: <autoconf@ietf.org>
Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2006 10:35 PM
Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal


>Question to ADs and/or WG chairs - is this list being
moderated or something?

Yes, it is moderated.

- Shubhranshu

Fred

-----Original Message-----
From: Templin, Fred L
Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2006 9:56 AM
To: 'Joe Macker'; 'Charles E. Perkins'; 'ext Ian Chakeres'
Cc: autoconf@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal

> Viewing it as an unsubnetted local interface model with multiple
> point-to-point neighbors works.

I think this depends on the type of access technology. If
broadcasts/multicasts sent over the access interface are
received by multiple neighbors, then it isn't multiple
point-to-point links - it is shared media link. A shared
media link can be made to look like multiple point-to-point
links if you use some sort of L2 partitioning like VLANs.
But then, it wouldn't be mobility-agile.

I don't want to keep plugging for my document, but maybe
take a look at 'draft-templin-manet-autoconf-link'.

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Tue Oct 17 00:50:00 2006
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Hi all,

I was trying to build a package (m4 1.4.7) using two different cross
compilers. one was GCC 4.1.1and other was non GNU compiler 3.4. My
autoconf version is  2.6.0, automake is 1.9.6

one of the output of the configure was checking dependecy style. it
gave gcc3 as result while building with GCC crosscompiler. while
building with the non GNU compiler it gave 'none'.

1.Why do we check or under what condition do we have to check dependecy style?
2. Will it affect the performance of the compiler?
3. What are other dependency checks available other than gcc3?

Thanking you in advance.

Regards,
Rohit

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From: Thomas Clausen <Thomas.Clausen@polytechnique.fr>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
Date: Tue, 17 Oct 2006 13:09:03 +0200
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No, the list is not moderated. One must be subscribed to the list in  
order to post, but the postings are not moderated.

--thomas

On Oct 11, 2006, at 1:34 PM, Shubhranshu wrote:

> Fred,
>
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "Templin, Fred L"  
> <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
> To: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>; "Charles E. Perkins"  
> <charles.perkins@nokia.com>; "ext Ian Chakeres"  
> <ian.chakeres@gmail.com>
> Cc: <autoconf@ietf.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2006 10:35 PM
> Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
>
>
>> Question to ADs and/or WG chairs - is this list being
> moderated or something?
>
> Yes, it is moderated.
>
> - Shubhranshu
>
> Fred
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Templin, Fred L
> Sent: Tuesday, October 10, 2006 9:56 AM
> To: 'Joe Macker'; 'Charles E. Perkins'; 'ext Ian Chakeres'
> Cc: autoconf@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Autoconf] "No" Subnet Model and Autoconf Goal
>
>> Viewing it as an unsubnetted local interface model with multiple
>> point-to-point neighbors works.
>
> I think this depends on the type of access technology. If
> broadcasts/multicasts sent over the access interface are
> received by multiple neighbors, then it isn't multiple
> point-to-point links - it is shared media link. A shared
> media link can be made to look like multiple point-to-point
> links if you use some sort of L2 partitioning like VLANs.
> But then, it wouldn't be mobility-agile.
>
> I don't want to keep plugging for my document, but maybe
> take a look at 'draft-templin-manet-autoconf-link'.
>
> Fred
> fred.l.templin@boeing.com
>
> _______________________________________________
> Autoconf mailing list
> Autoconf@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/autoconf
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Autoconf mailing list
> Autoconf@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/autoconf
>

-- 
Thomas Clausen
Thomas.Clausen@polytechnique.fr
http://www.lix.polytechnique.fr/Labo/Thomas.Clausen/
http://www.lix.polytechnique.fr/hipercom/





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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Wed Oct 18 02:48:46 2006
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Date: Wed, 18 Oct 2006 12:20:19 +0530
From: Shubhranshu <shubhranshu@samsung.com>
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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If you have any agenda item(s) for the upcoming Autoconf WG meeting 
then please send them to the chairs or list. 

Here is the scheduled session information:

AUTOCONF Session 1 (2 hours)
Monday, Afternoon Session III 1740-1950
Room Name: Nautilus 1


- Shubhranshu

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<META content="MSHTML 6.00.2900.2963" name=GENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>If you have any agenda item(s) for the upcoming Autoconf WG meeting 
<BR>then please send&nbsp;them to the chairs or list. </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Here<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> is the 
scheduled session information:</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>AUTOCONF Session 1 (2 hours)<BR>Monday, Afternoon Session III 
1740-1950<BR>Room Name: Nautilus 1<BR></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>- Shubhranshu</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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--===============1343124733==--




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Thread-Topic: MANET subnet model
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From: "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com>
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Subject: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
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Hi all,

Some of us at Boeing have been discussing about the MANET subnet model
issue brought up in the list and came up with some idea we'd like to
share. Following is a short description of our view. Please direct your
comments and questions to the list so that we can continue the
discussion.

Thanks,

- Seung

------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------
IPv6 Subnet Model for MANETs

In this text, we outline candidate models for assigning IPv6 addresses
in a MANET. We organize our discussion by separately discussing the
assignment of i) link-local addresses to a MANET interface, ii)
non-link-local addresses to a MANET interface, and iii) non-link-local
addresses to a MANET router's non-MANET interfaces.  Definitions and
terminology are borrowed from the MANET architecture I-D
(draft-chakeres-manet-arch-01.txt).=20

Any two routers that can communicate via the underlying layer-2
technology without decrementing the Hop Count are said to be on the same
link; under this definition, the links and on-link neighbors may be
time-varying on a MANET.

1.  Link-local addresses on MANET interfaces
We assume that each MANET Router (MR) configures a link-local unicast
address on its MANET interface.  In standard IPv6 operation, a
link-local address is generated without relying on external support per
RFC2462 with interface identifiers configured from EUI-64 identifiers
(RFC4291), Cryptographically Generated Addresses (CGAs- RFC3972), etc.

A key challenge with link-local addresses is providing duplicate address
detection (DAD).  To satisfy the uniqueness on the link, the link-local
address for a MR's MANET interface must be unique among all MANET
interfaces on the link.  However, assuming mobility the neighbor
relationship of an MR may change over time.  Since RFC 2462 (DAD) is
performed only when the link-local address is configured, there is a
chance that two nodes that were originally not on-link with respect to
one another might configure the same link-local address.  If this occurs
and the two nodes then move into each other's transmission range, this
situation would violate the on-link address uniqueness condition. This
calls for extending the DAD functionality in three potential directions:

a. Operational guarantees - Guarantee address uniqueness using
out-of-band mechanisms. This may include providing a large-enough
address space for a small number of nodes so that random address
selection can be virtually collision-free, managed configuration of
interface identifiers, etc.

b. Pre-service DAD using Neighbor Discovery Proxies (RFC 4389) - Use ND
proxies to propagate DAD messages across links with colliding addresses
in the MANET. This technique is known to have conflicts with Secure
Neighbor Discovery (SEND), but can be mitigated by "partial proxying"
that covers only the DAD function.  =20
 =20
c. In-service DAD - Constantly monitor addresses of other nodes to
detect any potential address conflict. When detected, the conflict must
be resolved (mechanism to be specified).

2.  Non-link-local addresses and prefixes
MRs can configure non-link-local addresses and prefixes such as Unique
Local Addresses (ULA), MANET Local Addresses (MLA) or globally routable
IP addresses.  Two concepts of operations include prefix assignment and
prefix delegation.    How to assign or acquire addresses/prefixes is out
of scope of this discussion.

2.1  Assignment from prefix to a MANET interface
With prefix assignment, multiple MRs each configures one or more
addresses (and the addresses' associated prefix lengths) to their MANET
interface. This case is distinct from prefix delegation in that in
prefix assignment, the router does not own the whole prefix.

One possible configuration is that each MR can assign addresses from the
same prefix to a MANET interface so that interfaces on multiple MRs
belong to the same subnet. This method is feasible only when all MANET
nodes that configure addresses from the same prefix are operationally
assured to be reachable in one IP hop on the same link.  If all nodes
within this prefix are not reachable in one IP hop on the same link,
then a multi-link subnet exists
[draft-iab-multilink-subnet-issues-00.txt].

Another possible configuration is for each MR to assign prefixes to a
MANET interface so that no two MRs belong to a same subnet.  MANET
routing protocol behavior need not change since it will still inject
appropriate routes to provide connectivity.  The simplest case would be
configuring MANET interfaces with an address with a /128 prefix length.
However, an application might make an incorrect assumption; e.g., a host
application might assume that the MANET interface is configured with a
/64 instead of a /128. If a host makes this assumption, it could fail to
connect with another node in the same subnet due to an incorrect on-link
assumption. But, the IPv6 scenario should be no different than for IPv4
since IPv4 applications must honor CIDR prefix assignments on interfaces
in order to avoid incorrect on-link assumptions.

2.2   Delegation from prefix to a non-MANET interface
With prefix delegation, an MR acquires/chooses one or more prefixes for
assignment to non-MANET interfaces and other downstream hosts on those
links.  For applications on the router itself that require a
non-link-local address, a technique of delegating a small prefix to the
router's loopback interface and having the router's applications bind to
an address in that prefix has proven to be operationally useful.  To an
attached node, this set-up appears as a normal link where link-local
scope addressing and on-link determination works as usual. Again, MANET
routing protocol behavior does not change and the MR injects appropriate
routes over its MANET interface to provide connectivity.

2.3 Combined model
Prefix assignment and prefix delegation are not disjoint.  An MR can
both assign addresses from shared prefixes to its MANET interface and
receive prefix delegations for assignment to non-MANET interfaces, but
it should keep the prefixes for each operation disjoint.  An MR should
not use a same prefix for both assignment and delegation on different
interfaces.

3.  Prefix Aggregation
Section 2 presents certain implications about prefix aggregation in
MANETs.  MANET border routers may be able to present the MANET as a
whole to external entities by enforcing a common network prefix for the
all the nodes inside the MANET. For instance, all of the addresses in
the prefixes delegated to each MR may be aggregated.  However, there is
an operational risk to doing so if the MANET becomes partitioned. =20

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From: "Charles E. Perkins" <charles.perkins@nokia.com>
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Hello,

I have a few comments on your text.

ext Yi, Seung wrote:
> Any two routers that can communicate via the underlying layer-2
> technology without decrementing the Hop Count are said to be on the same
> link; under this definition, the links and on-link neighbors may be
> time-varying on a MANET.
>   
I think it would be better to make sure that any time a packet goes
from one node to another distinct node the hop count is decremented.
A router decrements the hop count before forwarding to a node
on the same link.
> 1.  Link-local addresses on MANET interfaces
> We assume that each MANET Router (MR) configures a link-local unicast
> address on its MANET interface.

I don't think this is necessary.  It should be allowed, but not mandated.

> 2.  Non-link-local addresses and prefixes
> MRs can configure non-link-local addresses and prefixes such as Unique
> Local Addresses (ULA), MANET Local Addresses (MLA) or globally routable
> IP addresses.  Two concepts of operations include prefix assignment and
> prefix delegation.    How to assign or acquire addresses/prefixes is out
> of scope of this discussion.
>   
What exactly does it mean to say that acquiring addresses is out of scope?

Regards,
Charlie P.


-- 
Please address return e-mail to charles.perkins@nokia.com


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From: "Hong-Jong Jeong" <choco@monet.knu.ac.kr>
To: <autoconf@ietf.org>
Subject: FW: [Autoconf] duplicated MAC and IP addresses in one-hop neighbor
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Hi all,

I'm finding solutions of this problem.

The problem is as follows.

There are two or more nodes which are in transmission range each other.

Their wireless interfaces have same MAC address and IP address.

Then, how can they detect this situation and duplicate addresses?

 

Hong-Jong Jeong

 


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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
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style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Hi =
all,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>I</span></font><font =
face=3DArial><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-family:Arial'>&#8217;</span></font><font =
face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span
lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-family:Gulim'>m finding solutions of this =
problem.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>The problem is as =
follows.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>There are two or more nodes =
which
are in transmission range each other.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Their wireless interfaces =
have same
MAC address and IP address.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Then, how can they detect =
this
situation and duplicate addresses?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></fo=
nt></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#44404;&#47548;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Gulim'>Hong-Jong =
Jeong<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3D&#48148;&#53461;><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 30 07:36:51 2006
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Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2006 18:09:26 +0530
From: Shubhranshu <shubhranshu@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
To: "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com>
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Hello Seung,

Please find a few inline comments. 

> To: <autoconf at ietf.org>
> Subject: MANET subnet model
> From: "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi at boeing.com>
> IPv6 Subnet Model for MANETs
<snip>
> 
> A key challenge with link-local addresses is providing duplicate address
> detection (DAD).  To satisfy the uniqueness on the link, the link-local
> address for a MR's MANET interface must be unique among all MANET
> interfaces on the link.  However, assuming mobility the neighbor
> relationship of an MR may change over time.  Since RFC 2462 (DAD) is
> performed only when the link-local address is configured, there is a
> chance that two nodes that were originally not on-link with respect to
> one another might configure the same link-local address.  If this occurs
> and the two nodes then move into each other's transmission range, this
> situation would violate the on-link address uniqueness condition. 

Considering these complicacies and overhead involved in maintaining uniqueness
of the link local address, do you suggest that manet node be allowed to have 
flexibility to configure only MANET local address (and optionally global addresses) ?


> 2.  Non-link-local addresses and prefixes
> MRs can configure non-link-local addresses and prefixes such as Unique
> Local Addresses (ULA), MANET Local Addresses (MLA) or globally routable
> IP addresses. 

sounds like you are assuming ULA and MLA as different addresses. IMO 
ULA can be used as Manet local address. 


> One possible configuration is that each MR can assign addresses from the
> same prefix to a MANET interface so that interfaces on multiple MRs
> belong to the same subnet. This method is feasible only when all MANET
> nodes that configure addresses from the same prefix are operationally
> assured to be reachable in one IP hop on the same link.

that would be hard to assure considering the dynamicity of manet topology and 
hence this method will mostly result in all those issues discussed in 
draft-iab-multilink-subnet-issues.

> 
> Another possible configuration is for each MR to assign prefixes to a
> MANET interface so that no two MRs belong to a same subnet.  MANET
> routing protocol behavior need not change since it will still inject
> appropriate routes to provide connectivity.  

this sounds fine and better way of doing things compared to the previous one 
provided we can assign appropriate prefixes. This approach would avoid most of 
the issues due to the assumptions related with TTL value.  

-- Shubhranshu

The simplest case would be
> configuring MANET interfaces with an address with a /128 prefix length.
> However, an application might make an incorrect assumption; e.g., a host
> application might assume that the MANET interface is configured with a
> /64 instead of a /128. If a host makes this assumption, it could fail to
> connect with another node in the same subnet due to an incorrect on-link
> assumption. But, the IPv6 scenario should be no different than for IPv4
> since IPv4 applications must honor CIDR prefix assignments on interfaces
> in order to avoid incorrect on-link assumptions.
> 
> 2.2   Delegation from prefix to a non-MANET interface
> With prefix delegation, an MR acquires/chooses one or more prefixes for
> assignment to non-MANET interfaces and other downstream hosts on those
> links.  For applications on the router itself that require a
> non-link-local address, a technique of delegating a small prefix to the
> router's loopback interface and having the router's applications bind to
> an address in that prefix has proven to be operationally useful.  To an
> attached node, this set-up appears as a normal link where link-local
> scope addressing and on-link determination works as usual. Again, MANET
> routing protocol behavior does not change and the MR injects appropriate
> routes over its MANET interface to provide connectivity.
> 
> 2.3 Combined model
> Prefix assignment and prefix delegation are not disjoint.  An MR can
> both assign addresses from shared prefixes to its MANET interface and
> receive prefix delegations for assignment to non-MANET interfaces, but
> it should keep the prefixes for each operation disjoint.  An MR should
> not use a same prefix for both assignment and delegation on different
> interfaces.
> 
> 3.  Prefix Aggregation
> Section 2 presents certain implications about prefix aggregation in
> MANETs.  MANET border routers may be able to present the MANET as a
> whole to external entities by enforcing a common network prefix for the
> all the nodes inside the MANET. For instance, all of the addresses in
> the prefixes delegated to each MR may be aggregated.  However, there is
> an operational risk to doing so if the MANET becomes partitioned.
> 

--Boundary_(ID_OPEExFkAjkf9mPL/n2KbrA)
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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Hello Seung,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Please find a few inline comments. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&gt; To: &lt;autoconf at ietf.org&gt;<BR>&gt; 
Subject: MANET subnet model<BR>&gt; From: "Yi, Seung" &lt;Seung.Yi at 
boeing.com&gt;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&gt; IPv6 Subnet Model for 
MANETs<BR>&lt;snip&gt;<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; A key challenge with link-local 
addresses is providing duplicate address<BR>&gt; detection (DAD).&nbsp; To 
satisfy the uniqueness on the link, the link-local<BR>&gt; address for a MR's 
MANET interface must be unique among all MANET<BR>&gt; interfaces on the 
link.&nbsp; However, assuming mobility the neighbor<BR>&gt; relationship of an 
MR may change over time.&nbsp; Since RFC 2462 (DAD) is<BR>&gt; performed only 
when the link-local address is configured, there is a<BR>&gt; chance that two 
nodes that were originally not on-link with respect to<BR>&gt; one another might 
configure the same link-local address.&nbsp; If this occurs<BR>&gt; and the two 
nodes then move into each other's transmission range, this<BR>&gt; situation 
would violate the on-link address uniqueness condition. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Considering these complicacies and overhead 
involved in maintaining uniqueness<BR>of the link local address, do you suggest 
that manet node be allowed to have </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>flexibility to configure only MANET local address 
(and optionally global addresses) ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2><BR>&gt; 2.&nbsp; Non-link-local addresses 
and prefixes<BR>&gt; MRs can configure non-link-local addresses and prefixes 
such as Unique<BR>&gt; Local Addresses (ULA), MANET Local Addresses (MLA) or 
globally routable<BR>&gt; IP addresses. </FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>sounds like you are assuming ULA and MLA&nbsp;as 
different addresses. IMO </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>ULA can be used as Manet local address. 
</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2><BR>&gt; One possible configuration is that each MR 
can assign addresses from the<BR>&gt; same prefix to a MANET interface so that 
interfaces on multiple MRs<BR>&gt; belong to the same subnet. This method is 
feasible only when all MANET<BR>&gt; nodes that configure addresses from the 
same prefix are operationally<BR>&gt; assured to be reachable in one IP hop on 
the same link.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>that would be hard to assure considering the 
dynamicity of manet topology and </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>hence this method will mostly result in all those 
issues discussed in </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>draft-iab-multilink-subnet-issues.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&gt; <BR>&gt; Another possible configuration is for 
each MR to assign prefixes to a<BR>&gt; MANET interface so that no two MRs 
belong to a same subnet.&nbsp; MANET<BR>&gt; routing protocol behavior need not 
change since it will still inject<BR>&gt; appropriate routes to provide 
connectivity.&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>this sounds fine and better way of doing things 
compared to the previous one </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>provided we can assign appropriate prefixes. This 
approach would avoid most of </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>the issues due to the assumptions related with TTL 
value.&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>-- Shubhranshu</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>The simplest case would be<BR>&gt; configuring 
MANET interfaces with an address with a /128 prefix length.<BR>&gt; However, an 
application might make an incorrect assumption; e.g., a host<BR>&gt; application 
might assume that the MANET interface is configured with a<BR>&gt; /64 instead 
of a /128. If a host makes this assumption, it could fail to<BR>&gt; connect 
with another node in the same subnet due to an incorrect on-link<BR>&gt; 
assumption. But, the IPv6 scenario should be no different than for IPv4<BR>&gt; 
since IPv4 applications must honor CIDR prefix assignments on interfaces<BR>&gt; 
in order to avoid incorrect on-link assumptions.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; 
2.2&nbsp;&nbsp; Delegation from prefix to a non-MANET interface<BR>&gt; With 
prefix delegation, an MR acquires/chooses one or more prefixes for<BR>&gt; 
assignment to non-MANET interfaces and other downstream hosts on those<BR>&gt; 
links.&nbsp; For applications on the router itself that require a<BR>&gt; 
non-link-local address, a technique of delegating a small prefix to the<BR>&gt; 
router's loopback interface and having the router's applications bind to<BR>&gt; 
an address in that prefix has proven to be operationally useful.&nbsp; To 
an<BR>&gt; attached node, this set-up appears as a normal link where 
link-local<BR>&gt; scope addressing and on-link determination works as usual. 
Again, MANET<BR>&gt; routing protocol behavior does not change and the MR 
injects appropriate<BR>&gt; routes over its MANET interface to provide 
connectivity.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; 2.3 Combined model<BR>&gt; Prefix assignment and 
prefix delegation are not disjoint.&nbsp; An MR can<BR>&gt; both assign 
addresses from shared prefixes to its MANET interface and<BR>&gt; receive prefix 
delegations for assignment to non-MANET interfaces, but<BR>&gt; it should keep 
the prefixes for each operation disjoint.&nbsp; An MR should<BR>&gt; not use a 
same prefix for both assignment and delegation on different<BR>&gt; 
interfaces.<BR>&gt; <BR>&gt; 3.&nbsp; Prefix Aggregation<BR>&gt; Section 2 
presents certain implications about prefix aggregation in<BR>&gt; MANETs.&nbsp; 
MANET border routers may be able to present the MANET as a<BR>&gt; whole to 
external entities by enforcing a common network prefix for the<BR>&gt; all the 
nodes inside the MANET. For instance, all of the addresses in<BR>&gt; the 
prefixes delegated to each MR may be aggregated.&nbsp; However, there is<BR>&gt; 
an operational risk to doing so if the MANET becomes partitioned.<BR>&gt; 
<BR></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From autoconf-bounces@ietf.org Mon Oct 30 08:22:43 2006
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Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2006 18:55:27 +0530
From: Shubhranshu <shubhranshu@samsung.com>
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] IETF 67 Autoconf meeting agenda solicitation
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One of the Autoconf WG milestone is in Mar 2007:
 
Mar 2007    Submit initial I-D of 'IPv6 address autoconfiguration mechanism' for WG review  

So, if you have any presentation on your solution space ID then please send them too.
It would still be possible to accommodate a couple of short presentations in the WG meeting agenda.

-- Shubhranshu


 ----- Original Message ----- 
  From: Shubhranshu 
  To: autoconf@ietf.org 
  Sent: Wednesday, October 18, 2006 12:20 PM
  Subject: [Autoconf] IETF 67 Autoconf meeting agenda solicitation



  If you have any agenda item(s) for the upcoming Autoconf WG meeting 
  then please send them to the chairs or list. 

  Here is the scheduled session information:

  AUTOCONF Session 1 (2 hours)
  Monday, Afternoon Session III 1740-1950
  Room Name: Nautilus 1


  - Shubhranshu


------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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<DIV>
<DIV>One of the Autoconf WG milestone is in Mar 2007:</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;<BR>Mar 2007&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Submit initial I-D of 'IPv6 address 
autoconfiguration mechanism' for WG review&nbsp; </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>So, if you have any&nbsp;presentation on&nbsp;your 
solution space ID then please send them too.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>It would still be possible to accommodate a couple of short 
presentations&nbsp;in the WG meeting agenda.</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>-- Shubhranshu</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;----- Original Message ----- </DIV></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV 
  style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B> 
  <A title=shubhranshu@samsung.com 
  href="mailto:shubhranshu@samsung.com">Shubhranshu</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=autoconf@ietf.org 
  href="mailto:autoconf@ietf.org">autoconf@ietf.org</A> </DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Wednesday, October 18, 2006 12:20 
  PM</DIV>
  <DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> [Autoconf] IETF 67 Autoconf 
  meeting agenda solicitation</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT><FONT 
  face=Arial size=2></FONT><BR></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>If you have any agenda item(s) for the upcoming Autoconf WG meeting 
  <BR>then please send&nbsp;them to the chairs or list. </DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Here<FONT face="Times New Roman" size=3> is the 
  scheduled session information:</FONT></FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>AUTOCONF Session 1 (2 hours)<BR>Monday, Afternoon Session III 
  1740-1950<BR>Room Name: Nautilus 1<BR></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV>- Shubhranshu</DIV>
  <P>
  <HR>

  <P></P>_______________________________________________<BR>Autoconf mailing 
  list<BR>Autoconf@ietf.org<BR>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/autoconf<BR></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
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Hi Shubhranshu,

>> One possible configuration is that each MR can assign addresses from
the
>> same prefix to a MANET interface so that interfaces on multiple MRs
>> belong to the same subnet. This method is feasible only when all
MANET
>> nodes that configure addresses from the same prefix are operationally
>> assured to be reachable in one IP hop on the same link.
>=20
> that would be hard to assure considering the dynamicity of manet
topology and=20
> hence this method will mostly result in all those issues discussed in=20
> draft-iab-multilink-subnet-issues.

This may depend on the particular access link technology and/or
deployment scenario. True, the most widely-anticipated scenario
seems to be for mobile wireless techonolgies with dynamically-
changing topologies; this also seems to be well-articulated
(in RFC2501, Section 3.)

But, could a MANET also entail, e.g., nodes permanently attached
to a common Ethernet cable or even wireless nodes that are somehow
operationally assured to remain as one-hop neighbors even as they
move about? If so, couldn't it be possible to configure a shared
on-link prefix on MANET interfaces in such scenarios without it
becoming a multilink subnet?

Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
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Charlie,

I believe Fred answered question 1. For question 2, I tried to convey
that a subnet model is not tied to any particular address management
mechanism. We may use one or some of existing mechanisms such as DHCP or
we can invent a completely new mechanism/protocol for MANET.

Regards,

- Seung

-----Original Message-----
From: Charles E. Perkins [mailto:charles.perkins@nokia.com]=20
Sent: Wednesday, October 25, 2006 11:39 PM
To: Yi, Seung
Cc: autoconf@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model

> 2.  Non-link-local addresses and prefixes MRs can configure=20
> non-link-local addresses and prefixes such as Unique Local Addresses=20
> (ULA), MANET Local Addresses (MLA) or globally routable IP addresses.

> Two concepts of operations include prefix assignment and
> prefix delegation.    How to assign or acquire addresses/prefixes is
out
> of scope of this discussion.
>  =20
What exactly does it mean to say that acquiring addresses is out of
scope?

Regards,
Charlie P.

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Hello Fred,

ext Templin, Fred L wrote:

> But, could a MANET also entail, e.g., nodes permanently attached
> to a common Ethernet cable or even wireless nodes that are somehow
> operationally assured to remain as one-hop neighbors even as they
> move about? If so, couldn't it be possible to configure a shared
> on-link prefix on MANET interfaces in such scenarios without it
> becoming a multilink subnet?
>   
I would certainly agree that it should be possible.  The role of the subnet
leader in AODV was to perform exactly this function of sharing a subnet
prefix with every node on the subnet, without it being a multilink subnet.
We worked this out in quite some detail, to the point of being careful
about which ICMP messages needed to be sent.  This is also supported in
DYMO (section 5.7) and, presumably, OLSR but I did not verify the latter.

In fact, I think the internal structure of the subnet is nobody's business,
as long as the external interface (of a router that offers connectivity 
to every
live node in the subnet) is maintained.

Regards,
Charlie P.


-- 
Please address return e-mail to charles.perkins@nokia.com


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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
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From: "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com>
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Hi, Shubhranshu,

Comments inline.=20

________________________________
>><snip>
>>=20
>> A key challenge with link-local addresses is providing duplicate
address
>> detection (DAD).  To satisfy the uniqueness on the link, the
link-local
>> address for a MR's MANET interface must be unique among all MANET
>> interfaces on the link.  However, assuming mobility the neighbor
>> relationship of an MR may change over time.  Since RFC 2462 (DAD) is
>> performed only when the link-local address is configured, there is a
>> chance that two nodes that were originally not on-link with respect
to
>> one another might configure the same link-local address.  If this
occurs
>> and the two nodes then move into each other's transmission range,
this
>> situation would violate the on-link address uniqueness condition.=20
>=20
>Considering these complicacies and overhead involved in maintaining
uniqueness
>of the link local address, do you suggest that manet node be allowed to
have=20
>Flexibility to configure only MANET local address (and optionally
global addresses) ?
=20
Fred pointed out that a MANET router seems to be required to configured
link-local address too per RFC2461(bis). However I don't see any
architectural reason why one cannot go with MANET-local addresses only.

>> 2.  Non-link-local addresses and prefixes
>> MRs can configure non-link-local addresses and prefixes such as
Unique
>> Local Addresses (ULA), MANET Local Addresses (MLA) or globally
routable
>> IP addresses.=20
>=20
>sounds like you are assuming ULA and MLA as different addresses. IMO=20
>ULA can be used as Manet local address.=20
=20
Agreed. I was referring to ULA as in RFC4193 and MLA as in
draft-jelger-autoconf-mla-01.txt. They are indeed quite similar. As long
as it serves as a unique identifier within MANET, it should do.

>> One possible configuration is that each MR can assign addresses from
the
>> same prefix to a MANET interface so that interfaces on multiple MRs
>> belong to the same subnet. This method is feasible only when all
MANET
>> nodes that configure addresses from the same prefix are operationally
>> assured to be reachable in one IP hop on the same link.
>=20
>That would be hard to assure considering the dynamicity of manet
topology and=20
>hence this method will mostly result in all those issues discussed in=20
>draft-iab-multilink-subnet-issues.
=20
Fred's reply seems reasonable to me.

>>=20
>> Another possible configuration is for each MR to assign prefixes to a
>> MANET interface so that no two MRs belong to a same subnet.  MANET
>> routing protocol behavior need not change since it will still inject
>> appropriate routes to provide connectivity. =20
>=20
>This sounds fine and better way of doing things compared to the
previous one=20
>provided we can assign appropriate prefixes. This approach would avoid
most of=20
>the issues due to the assumptions related with TTL value. =20
=20
I agree. Again, I'm leaning toward a design that eliminates the
headaches of multilink subnet. However, I'm not yet fully convinced that
the first choice (resulting in multilink subnet) is completely without
merit. Any opinions?

Thanks,

- Seung

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>>> Another possible configuration is for each MR to assign prefixes to a
>>> MANET interface so that no two MRs belong to a same subnet.  MANET
>>> routing protocol behavior need not change since it will still inject
>>> appropriate routes to provide connectivity.  
>>>       
>> This sounds fine and better way of doing things compared to the
>>     
> previous one 
>   
>> provided we can assign appropriate prefixes. This approach would avoid
>>     
> most of 
>   
>> the issues due to the assumptions related with TTL value.  
>>     
>  
> I agree. Again, I'm leaning toward a design that eliminates the
> headaches of multilink subnet. However, I'm not yet fully convinced that
> the first choice (resulting in multilink subnet) is completely without
> merit. Any opinions?
>   
If it is the case that you have a well understood approach
that avoids the multilink subnet issues you should go for
that. You have a complicated enough problem in your
hands even without having to support multiple ways to
do things. If you have a solution that works and has no
major drawbacks, standardize that.

--Jari


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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com>
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Jari,

> If it is the case that you have a well understood approach
> that avoids the multilink subnet issues you should go for
> that. You have a complicated enough problem in your
> hands even without having to support multiple ways to
> do things. If you have a solution that works and has no
> major drawbacks, standardize that.

Can you clarify what you mean by this? I believe Seung's post
is essentially listing the following options for prefix
assignment to MANET interfaces:

 1) shared prefix for both address configuration and on-link
    determination (i.e., prefix length shorter than 128) -
    requires that all MANET interfaces that assign the prefix
    and configure addresses from the prefix be attached to
    the same link always and run DAD on the link
 2) shared prefix for address configuration but not on-link
    determination (i.e., prefix length =3D 128) - requires
    MANET-wide proxy-DAD in case multiple MANET interfaces
    configure duplicate addresses, but does not require
    attachment to same link
 3) unique prefix for each MANET interface - DAD avoidance
    through operational assurance against duplication
 4) link-local-only - requires MANET-wide proxy-DAD in case
    multiple MANET interfaces that configure the same link-local
    address might move onto the same link at some point in time.

There would seem to be potential use-cases for all of these
options, so why do you say "pick one" when it seems like all
may have their appropriate use-cases?

Note 1: option 4) also needs to be considered along with
        options 1) thru 3) since all MANET interfaces must
        configure a link-local address.
Note 2: DAD can be avoided through operational assurance
        against duplication in all cases, but that would
        tend to negate SEND.

Thanks - Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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From: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>
To: "'Templin, Fred L'" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>,
	"'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, "'Yi, Seung'" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com>
Subject: RE: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
Date: Tue, 31 Oct 2006 12:09:33 -0500
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Fred:

It's a good idea to enumerate prefix assignment cases to help scope the
work.

Do we really need to REQUIRE multi-hop DAD for all deployments?  Having
mechanisms TO SUPPORT IT defined is ok, but requiring it is not IMHO.  So
can we talk about prefix assignment cases without DAD off-link issues for
now. Just a thought.

-joe

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Templin, Fred L [mailto:Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com] 
>Sent: Tuesday, October 31, 2006 11:39 AM
>To: Jari Arkko; Yi, Seung
>Cc: autoconf@ietf.org
>Subject: RE: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
>
>Jari,
>
>> If it is the case that you have a well understood approach 
>that avoids 
>> the multilink subnet issues you should go for that. You have a 
>> complicated enough problem in your hands even without having to 
>> support multiple ways to do things. If you have a solution 
>that works 
>> and has no major drawbacks, standardize that.
>
>Can you clarify what you mean by this? I believe Seung's post 
>is essentially listing the following options for prefix 
>assignment to MANET interfaces:
>
> 1) shared prefix for both address configuration and on-link
>    determination (i.e., prefix length shorter than 128) -
>    requires that all MANET interfaces that assign the prefix
>    and configure addresses from the prefix be attached to
>    the same link always and run DAD on the link
> 2) shared prefix for address configuration but not on-link
>    determination (i.e., prefix length = 128) - requires
>    MANET-wide proxy-DAD in case multiple MANET interfaces
>    configure duplicate addresses, but does not require
>    attachment to same link
> 3) unique prefix for each MANET interface - DAD avoidance
>    through operational assurance against duplication
> 4) link-local-only - requires MANET-wide proxy-DAD in case
>    multiple MANET interfaces that configure the same link-local
>    address might move onto the same link at some point in time.
>
>There would seem to be potential use-cases for all of these 
>options, so why do you say "pick one" when it seems like all 
>may have their appropriate use-cases?
>
>Note 1: option 4) also needs to be considered along with
>        options 1) thru 3) since all MANET interfaces must
>        configure a link-local address.
>Note 2: DAD can be avoided through operational assurance
>        against duplication in all cases, but that would
>        tend to negate SEND.
>
>Thanks - Fred
>fred.l.templin@boeing.com
>
>_______________________________________________
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Subject: RE: [Autoconf] MANET subnet model
Date: Tue, 31 Oct 2006 10:16:42 -0800
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From: "Templin, Fred L" <Fred.L.Templin@boeing.com>
To: "Joe Macker" <joseph.macker@nrl.navy.mil>,
	"Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>, "Yi, Seung" <Seung.Yi@boeing.com>
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Joe and Jari,

> It's a good idea to enumerate prefix assignment cases to help scope
the
> work.

OK.

> Do we really need to REQUIRE multi-hop DAD for all deployments?

Only for deployments that want to use self-generated addresses
like SEND/CGA that have non-negligible probability of collision.
Because if two MRs configure the same non-link-local address
on their MANET interface communications might fail. (Same is
true if two MRs configure the same link-local address and move
onto the same link at some point in time.)

> Having mechanisms TO SUPPORT IT defined is ok, but requiring it
> is not IMHO.

DAD avoidance through operational assurance against address
duplication (e.g., interface identifier assignment by a central
authority) is certainly an option, but self-generated addresses
like SEND/CGA can collide so you would need proxy-DAD for that.=20

> So can we talk about prefix assignment cases without DAD off-link
> issues for now. Just a thought.

James Kempf indicated that Jari Arkko and Dave Thaler have
had previous discussions about proxy-DAD and implied that
there may be barriers to its adoption:
=20
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netlmm/current/msg00850.html
http://www1.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/netlmm/current/msg00860.html

Jari, I'd appreciate if you could shed some light on those
prior discussions on the list.

Thanks - Fred
fred.l.templin@boeing.com

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