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Date: Thu, 4 Jun 2015 12:33:11 -0400
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
To: dbound@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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On Fri, May 29, 2015 at 05:08:24PM -0400, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
> 
> By the way, the IETF appears to claim *.COM, *.NET etc is valid.

They're perfectly legitimate wildcard names.  That's at bottom the
problem we have to solve: DNS names do not carry semantics.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


From nobody Thu Jun  4 11:39:50 2015
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From: Warren Kumari <warren@kumari.net>
Date: Thu, 04 Jun 2015 18:39:25 +0000
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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On Thu, Jun 4, 2015 at 12:34 PM Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
wrote:

> On Fri, May 29, 2015 at 05:08:24PM -0400, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
> >
> > By the way, the IETF appears to claim *.COM, *.NET etc is valid.
>
> They're perfectly legitimate wildcard names.  That's at bottom the
> problem we have to solve: DNS names do not carry semantics.
>

True -- but people are going to /continue/ to assume that they do, and we
are going to have to keep reminding them, and ourselves, that they do not.

A bunch of logical people recently paid surprisingly large amounts of money
for certain strings, like .baby and .app when they could have saved much of
this by instead using e.g wefddewrwtygf.net and h5y64tegh.org.

Yes, this isn't actually whether or not the names carry semantics or not,
but humans seem to naturally assume things from the labels, and it is hard
to stop this...

W


>
> A
>
> --
> Andrew Sullivan
> ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
>
> _______________________________________________
> dbound mailing list
> dbound@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr">On Thu=
, Jun 4, 2015 at 12:34 PM Andrew Sullivan &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwa=
lrusden.com">ajs@anvilwalrusden.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote cla=
ss=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;pa=
dding-left:1ex">On Fri, May 29, 2015 at 05:08:24PM -0400, Jeffrey Walton wr=
ote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; By the way, the IETF appears to claim *.COM, *.NET etc is valid.<br>
<br>
They&#39;re perfectly legitimate wildcard names.=C2=A0 That&#39;s at bottom=
 the<br>
problem we have to solve: DNS names do not carry semantics.<br></blockquote=
><div><br></div><div>True -- but people are going to /continue/ to assume t=
hat they do, and we are going to have to keep reminding them, and ourselves=
, that they do not.</div><div><br></div><div>A bunch of logical people rece=
ntly paid surprisingly large amounts of money for certain strings, like .ba=
by and .app when they could have saved much of this by instead using e.g <a=
 href=3D"http://wefddewrwtygf.net">wefddewrwtygf.net</a> and <a href=3D"htt=
p://h5y64tegh.org">h5y64tegh.org</a>.=C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, t=
his isn&#39;t actually whether or not the names carry semantics or not, but=
 humans seem to naturally assume things from the labels, and it is hard to =
stop this...=C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>W</div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockq=
uote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc =
solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
A<br>
<br>
--<br>
Andrew Sullivan<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.com" target=3D"_blank">ajs@anvilwalrus=
den.com</a><br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
dbound mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:dbound@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">dbound@ietf.org</a><br=
>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound" target=3D"_blank">=
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound</a><br>
</blockquote></div></div>

--001a113ece26506d7e0517b57fff--


From nobody Thu Jun  4 12:38:40 2015
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From: "John R Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later (fwd)
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>>> By the way, the IETF appears to claim *.COM, *.NET etc is valid.
>> 
>> They're perfectly legitimate wildcard names.  That's at bottom the
>> problem we have to solve: DNS names do not carry semantics.

Well, yeah.  Those two names were live in the DNS for a while during the 
Sitefinder fiasco.

> True -- but people are going to /continue/ to assume that they do, and we
> are going to have to keep reminding them, and ourselves, that they do not.

People assume all sorts of stuff.  I would be surprised if as many as half of 
them could tell you what names *.COM actually matched in the DNS.

As I've said too many times already, the hardest problem with DBOUND is people 
wrongly assuming they understand the problem and jumping ahead to an approach 
that addresses part of it but utterly fails for the other 80%.

R's,
John


From nobody Thu Jun  4 13:05:49 2015
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From: Steve Sheng <steve.sheng@icann.org>
To: "dbound@ietf.org" <dbound@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: SSAC Advisory on the use of Static TLD / Suffix Lists
Thread-Index: AQHQnwHX/DC6/mvkx0CqBlTZz1YyrA==
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Dear Dbound Working Group,

   The Security and Stability Advisory Committee at ICANN recently issued an
advisory concerning the use of static TLD / Suffix lists. Some of the
findings and recommendations in this report maybe of use to the working
group. 

   The reports is available at:
https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/sac-070-en.pdf

   Comments welcome as well.

Steve



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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: s=
pace; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size:=
 14px; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;"><div>Dear Dbound Working Group,&nb=
sp;</div><div><br></div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp;The Security and Stability Advisor=
y Committee at ICANN recently issued an advisory concerning the use of stati=
c TLD / Suffix lists. Some of the findings and recommendations in this repor=
t maybe of use to the working group.&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>&nbsp; &=
nbsp;The reports is available at:&nbsp;<a href=3D"https://www.icann.org/en/sys=
tem/files/files/sac-070-en.pdf">https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/=
sac-070-en.pdf</a></div><div><br></div><div>&nbsp; &nbsp;Comments welcome as=
 well. &nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>Steve</div></body></html>

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--B_3516278738_15486860--


From nobody Thu Jun  4 14:06:46 2015
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Date: Thu, 4 Jun 2015 17:06:39 -0400
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
To: dbound@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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On Thu, Jun 04, 2015 at 06:39:25PM +0000, Warren Kumari wrote:
> On Thu, Jun 4, 2015 at 12:34 PM Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
> wrote:
> 
> > problem we have to solve: DNS names do not carry semantics.
> >
> 
> True -- but people are going to /continue/ to assume that they do, and we
> are going to have to keep reminding them, and ourselves, that they do not.

That will be a waste of time.  Remind people their beliefs are false
all you like.  They will believe them even harder.

Instead, what we need is a mechanism by which such semantic intentions
can be captured in a way that they can be communicated reliably.  If
we don't achieve that, then we won't have addressed the problem this
WG is supposed to solve.

(Which of course raises the fact that I haven't given the problem
statement a good read.  Sorry, I've been submerged, but I hope to get
to it this week.)

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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--001a11c2382c2f12ff0517b87a35
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So:

On Thu, May 14, 2015 at 1:54 PM, Murray S. Kucherawy <superuser@gmail.com>
wrote:

> On Thu, Apr 16, 2015 at 12:17 PM, Pete Resnick <presnick@qti.qualcomm.com>
> wrote:
>
>> We're still plowing through the mailing list to come up with an issues
>> list from previous discussions, but wanted to get a "plan" on the table.
>> Here's what we've come up with, including due dates for each of the initial
>> milestones:
>>
>> * Stabilization of the problem statement (May 15, 2015)
>>   * no intent to publish
>>   * could move it to the Wiki
>>
>
With no response to this, and more importantly...


> * Proposals for solutions (June 2, 2015)
>>   * on-list discussion of drafts
>>   * expect them to be Standards Track or Experimental; these are protocols
>>
>
...zero discussion here so far, and as a result...


> * Drafts for discussion at IETF 93 (July 6, 2015)
>>
>
...none of these having appeared...

* Calls for Adoption of some documents at IETF 93 (July 24, 2015)
>>
>
...making this unlikely, I'm inclined not to ask for a meeting in Prague.

Is anyone planning a flurry of activity that would justify requesting a
working group meeting (the deadline is tomorrow), or shall we regroup later
when momentum has returned?  If "yes", what length of a meeting would be
needed?

-MSK, DBOUND co-chair

--001a11c2382c2f12ff0517b87a35
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">So:<br><br>On Thu, May 14, 2015 at 1:54 PM, Murray S. Kuch=
erawy <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:superuser@gmail.com" target=
=3D"_blank">superuser@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmai=
l_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding=
-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><span class=3D"">On Thu, Apr 16, 2015 at 12:17 =
PM, Pete Resnick <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:presnick@qti.qualc=
omm.com" target=3D"_blank">presnick@qti.qualcomm.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<=
br></span><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span class=
=3D""><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;b=
order-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">We&#39;re still plo=
wing through the mailing list to come up with an issues list from previous =
discussions, but wanted to get a &quot;plan&quot; on the table. Here&#39;s =
what we&#39;ve come up with, including due dates for each of the initial mi=
lestones:<br>
<br>
* Stabilization of the problem statement (May 15, 2015)<br>
=C2=A0 * no intent to publish<br>
=C2=A0 * could move it to the Wiki<br></blockquote></span></div></div></div=
></blockquote><div><br></div><div>With no response to this, and more import=
antly...<br></div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding=
-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_=
quote"><span class=3D""><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0=
px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
* Proposals for solutions (June 2, 2015)<br>
=C2=A0 * on-list discussion of drafts<br>
=C2=A0 * expect them to be Standards Track or Experimental; these are proto=
cols<br></blockquote></span></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><=
div>...zero discussion here so far, and as a result...<br>=C2=A0<br></div><=
blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-l=
eft:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div clas=
s=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span class=3D""><blockquote c=
lass=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px soli=
d rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
* Drafts for discussion at IETF 93 (July 6, 2015)<br></blockquote></span></=
div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>...none of these having ap=
peared...<br><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0p=
x 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><d=
iv dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span =
class=3D""><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.=
8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
* Calls for Adoption of some documents at IETF 93 (July 24, 2015)<br></bloc=
kquote></span></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>...making =
this unlikely, I&#39;m inclined not to ask for a meeting in Prague.</div><d=
iv><br><div>Is anyone planning a flurry of activity that would=20
justify requesting a working group meeting (the deadline is tomorrow),=20
or shall we regroup later when momentum has returned?=C2=A0 If &quot;yes&qu=
ot;, what length of a meeting would be needed?<br><br></div>-MSK, DBOUND co=
-chair<br></div></div></div></div>

--001a11c2382c2f12ff0517b87a35--


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On Thu, Jun 4, 2015 at 12:33 PM, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com> wrote:
> On Fri, May 29, 2015 at 05:08:24PM -0400, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
>>
>> By the way, the IETF appears to claim *.COM, *.NET etc is valid.
>
> They're perfectly legitimate wildcard names.  That's at bottom the
> problem we have to solve: DNS names do not carry semantics.
>
Maybe I'm missing the point... About all I would claim is they are
well formed regular expressions, so they should not crash the program
using them.

Within context, there's nothing valid about them for use in PKIX
because no entity or organization controls the gTLDs in question*.
Here, the relevant gTLDs are *.COM, *.NET, *.ORG, etc. Its the
e-equivalent of swamp land in Florida.

The troubling part (I find) is folks are accepting them and citing the
IETF. I can't make a counter argument citing the IETF it because its
true. About the only thing I can do is cite the CA/B Forums Baseline
Document and plead to common sense. You can imagine how well the plea
to common sense goes over at times....

The CA/B Forums codified their exclusion in the Baseline Requirements.
See section 3.2.2.

Jeff

* Related, ICANN calls the vanity TLDs gTLDs, too. So I'm not sure how
to refer to them unambiguously here. Maybe gTLD (*.COM, *.NET), ccTLD
(*.UK, *.CN), and vTLD (*.GOOGLE and friends).


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>The troubling part (I find) is folks are accepting them and citing the
>IETF. I can't make a counter argument citing the IETF it because its
>true.

If they're citing the IETF, they are badly misrepresenting what the
IETF does and says.  Our standards say a lot about mechanism, and
generally nothing about policy.  So if someone were to publish a *.COM
record in the DNS (which happened a while ago), IETF standards say
what queries it matches, what the formats of the DNS packets are, and
so forth.  Similarly if an https server were to present a certificate
with a name of *.COM, IETF standards say what a browser would do with
that certificate.

None of that means that any of us think it would be a good idea to
publish either of those.  If you were to compose a death threat and
e-mail it to president@whitehouse.gov, IETF standards also say how
that message would be routed to its recipient, but that doesn't mean
we think that would be a good idea, either.

If DBOUND is moderately successful, we may well come up with a way for
someone to publish boundary advice that could say that there's a
boundary above COM. so a *.COM certificate would be a bad idea, but
there's no boundary above BARCLAYCARD. so a *.BARCLAYCARD certificate
would be OK.

But it still won't be the IETF publishing that advice.  It'll be
someone else, using our standard for the format of the advice.

R's,
John

PS: Yes, that's a real TLD.


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On Fri, Jun 5, 2015 at 12:20 AM, John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote:
>>The troubling part (I find) is folks are accepting them and citing the
>>IETF. I can't make a counter argument citing the IETF it because its
>>true.
>
> If they're citing the IETF, they are badly misrepresenting what the
> IETF does and says.  Our standards say a lot about mechanism, and
> generally nothing about policy.  So if someone were to publish a *.COM
> record in the DNS (which happened a while ago), IETF standards say
> what queries it matches, what the formats of the DNS packets are, and
> so forth.  Similarly if an https server were to present a certificate
> with a name of *.COM, IETF standards say what a browser would do with
> that certificate.
>
Thanks John.

So we are clear... The actual argument is "The RFCs don't prohibit them."

RFCs like 5280 and 6125 prohibit other things, but not wildcards on
gTLDs like *.COM and *.NET.

Folks are taking that to be an implicit approval. And its not just one
set of folks. Its at least three or four different, disjoint projects.
They all came back with the same argument when I filed the bug
reports.

I understand the IETF does not approve or condone it. I can even cite
this thread now. Maybe it would be a good idea to codify it somewhere
so that its relevant to or within reach of PKIX.

Jeff


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>So we are clear... The actual argument is "The RFCs don't prohibit them."

This is a fundamentally silly argument.  The RFCs don't prohibit
sending death threats either.  

When an IETF document says MUST or MUST NOT, that means "you have to
do this, or not do this, or you won't interoperate with other
software", a purely technical meaning.  There's no technical
difference at the protocol level between *.COM and *.BARCLAYCARD --
it's a policy difference, and other people set policy.

>Folks are taking that to be an implicit approval. And its not just one
>set of folks. Its at least three or four different, disjoint projects.
>They all came back with the same argument when I filed the bug
>reports.

Sounds like ICANN, if reality and a business plan collide, reality
loses every time.

R's,
John


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Date: 5 Jun 2015 01:23:50 -0400
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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> RFCs like 5280 and 6125 prohibit other things, but not wildcards on
> gTLDs like *.COM and *.NET.

It also occurs to me that the authors of 6125 and several of the authors 
of 5280 are quite active IETF participants.  I'm sure any of them would be 
happy to write a note saying we wrote the RFCs and that's not what they 
mean.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail.


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On Fri, Jun 5, 2015 at 1:19 AM, John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote:
>>So we are clear... The actual argument is "The RFCs don't prohibit them."
>
> This is a fundamentally silly argument.  The RFCs don't prohibit
> sending death threats either.

OK, agreed. Developers do unexpected things. Life is stranger than
fiction at times.

So what is the IETF going to do about it now that its aware of the behavior?

Maybe its not a DBOUND problem. Maybe this particular problem is a PKIX problem.

Jeff


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On Fri, Jun 5, 2015 at 1:19 AM, John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote:
>>So we are clear... The actual argument is "The RFCs don't prohibit them."
>
> This is a fundamentally silly argument.  The RFCs don't prohibit
> sending death threats either.
>
My bad... It looks like the RFCs allow it.

>From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6125#section-6.4.3:

   A client employing this specification's rules MAY match the reference
   identifier against a presented identifier whose DNS domain name
   portion contains the wildcard character '*' as part or all of a label...

>From RFC 1034, there's only one reserved label and that is the root.
>From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1034#section-3.1:

    One label is reserved, and that is
    the null (i.e., zero length) label used for the root.

Jeff


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Subject: [dbound] Are there any restrictions on potential DBOUND solutions?
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Please forgive my ignorance....

Are there any restrictions on potential DBOUND solutions?

For example, should they/must they involve DNS?


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Thread-Topic: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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On 6/4/15, 17:06, "Andrew Sullivan" <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com> wrote:

>Instead, what we need is a mechanism by which such semantic intentions
>can be captured in a way that they can be communicated reliably.  If
>we don't achieve that, then we won't have addressed the problem this
>WG is supposed to solve.

What I would have written if I read faster.

The difference is that at the syntactic level (so to speak), *.com. is a
validly formed domain name and conforms to the protocol definition.  At
the policy level (the how we use the DNS), this is not "permitted" because
it causes (and it has been demonstrated to cause) operational havoc.

Remember, there's a distinction to be made between a protocol's definition
and the operational use of it.

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From nobody Fri Jun  5 09:53:35 2015
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Are there any restrictions on potential DBOUND solutions?
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In article <CAH8yC8=KvJ9HQ2=hLEuAwK8Qi5vEOqm_PURds5-XqbyR3XBFsg@mail.gmail.com> you write:
>Please forgive my ignorance....
>
>Are there any restrictions on potential DBOUND solutions?
>
>For example, should they/must they involve DNS?

See the charter, which you can find here:

https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/dbound/charter/

R's,
John


From nobody Fri Jun  5 09:57:15 2015
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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>>From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6125#section-6.4.3:
>
>   A client employing this specification's rules MAY match the reference
>   identifier against a presented identifier whose DNS domain name
>   portion contains the wildcard character '*' as part or all of a label...

Right.  A cert for *.sales.bigcorp.com or *.smallcorp.com is fine.  A
cert for *.barclaycard is probably fine.  A cert for *.com is not
fine.  But there is no technical difference among those, only a policy
difference.  We do technology, not policy.

We're certainly not thrilled when people make bad policies, but it's
not something we can prevent.

R's,
John



From nobody Sun Jun  7 08:35:32 2015
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Cc: noloader@gmail.com, dbound@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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On Fri, Jun 5, 2015 at 9:56 AM, John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote:
>>>From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6125#section-6.4.3:
>>
>>   A client employing this specification's rules MAY match the reference
>>   identifier against a presented identifier whose DNS domain name
>>   portion contains the wildcard character '*' as part or all of a label...
>
> Right.  A cert for *.sales.bigcorp.com or *.smallcorp.com is fine.  A
> cert for *.barclaycard is probably fine.  A cert for *.com is not
> fine.  But there is no technical difference among those, only a policy
> difference.  We do technology, not policy.
>
> We're certainly not thrilled when people make bad policies, but it's
> not something we can prevent.

6125 does leave open a number of wildcard options that could be closed
down via technology.  6.4.3 (1) and (3) could move to MUST NOT, which
would mean the only allowed wildcard name would be "*" as the first
label followed by LDH labels.  As section 7.2 calls out, there are
numerous issues with ambiguity when using labels that mix a wildcard
with other characters in a single label.

It doesn't solve the original issue (is *.<TLD> acceptable?) but would
help reduce the probability of accidental misuse in other situations.

Thanks,
Peter


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Date: 7 Jun 2015 18:02:55 +0100
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From: "John R Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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> 6125 does leave open a number of wildcard options that could be closed
> down via technology.  6.4.3 (1) and (3) could move to MUST NOT, which
> would mean the only allowed wildcard name would be "*" as the first
> label followed by LDH labels.  As section 7.2 calls out, there are
> numerous issues with ambiguity when using labels that mix a wildcard
> with other characters in a single label.

Thanks for bringing this up, since this will be a problem for DBOUND. 
For actual domain names, the rules are clear that the single character "*" 
as the leftmost component is a wildcard, a * anywhere else is just a 
character, e.g., the name a*.example.com only matches the name 
a*.example.com where that * is a literal character.  See RFC 4592.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail.


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From nobody Fri Jun 12 10:01:22 2015
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From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Some work that will probably hit dbound sooner rather than later
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On Fri, Jun 05, 2015 at 11:45:20AM +0000, Edward Lewis wrote:

> Remember, there's a distinction to be made between a protocol's definition
> and the operational use of it.

Yes, and what I've been arguing now for several years is that the
basic problem here is the lack of a mechanism by which the operational
policies can be expressed.  Instead, people try to read the policy off
the point in the hierarchy, and the PSL is the workaround for "where
in the hierarchy do you do that?".  I think the WG should try to
provide a way of doing this more reliably.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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Subject: [dbound] Certificate wildcards vs. DNS wildcards
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I was surprised to find that the rules for domain wildcards in SSL
certificates is different from the rules in the DNS.  In the DNS, the
only wild card is *. as the terminal name, while in certs, it's more
like shell wildcards, abc*.example.com matches what it looks like.  I
verified that this isn't a bug, in that the description of cert
wildcards in RFC 6125 is deliberately different and matches what
browsers do.

If we use something like my DNS hack (look in the list archives) to
publish PSL-ish information, this could in principle be a problem.
But I wondered how many certs actually use wildcards other than a
plain *.

I used the University of Michigan's HTTPS Ecosystem data, available
here:  https://scans.io/study/umich-https
(It's newer than the EFF's SSL Observatory and a lot easier to
download.)

It has about 147M certificates.  I mechanically went through and
extracted every certificate CN= that contained a * and deduped them,
coming up with 852K, a very small fraction.  I then went through
and selected the CN= that didn't start with *.x where x was not
a *, of which there were only 5182.  I put those files at
http://www.taugh.com/certs, in stars.txt and oddstars.txt.

Of those 5182 that didn't start with *., over 4000 were some odd
pseudo-hex stuff starting \x00 that looks to me either intended for a
non-standard application, or maybe they're just broken.  So of the
147M certificates, I see less than a thousand that have plausible
non-DNS wildcards, and eyeballing them, the wildcard stuff is all to
the left of an ordinary domain name.

So even though the wildcard rules are different, in practice it
doesn't matter.

R's,
John


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Subject: Re: [dbound] Certificate wildcards vs. DNS wildcards
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> Of those 5182 that didn't start with *., over 4000 were some odd
> pseudo-hex stuff starting \x00 that looks to me either intended for a
> non-standard application, or maybe they're just broken.

This looks like the start of Marlinspike's Null Prefix attack*. I
would reject it as malformed since the ASN.1 payload length is not
equal to strlen(cstr of ASN.1 string).

That still leaves about 1000 certificates from the reduced data set.

Jeff

* https://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-usa-09/MARLINSPIKE/BHUSA09-Marlinspike-DefeatSSL-SLIDES.pdf

On Sun, Jun 14, 2015 at 9:36 PM, John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote:
> I was surprised to find that the rules for domain wildcards in SSL
> certificates is different from the rules in the DNS.  In the DNS, the
> only wild card is *. as the terminal name, while in certs, it's more
> like shell wildcards, abc*.example.com matches what it looks like.  I
> verified that this isn't a bug, in that the description of cert
> wildcards in RFC 6125 is deliberately different and matches what
> browsers do.
>
> If we use something like my DNS hack (look in the list archives) to
> publish PSL-ish information, this could in principle be a problem.
> But I wondered how many certs actually use wildcards other than a
> plain *.
>
> I used the University of Michigan's HTTPS Ecosystem data, available
> here:  https://scans.io/study/umich-https
> (It's newer than the EFF's SSL Observatory and a lot easier to
> download.)
>
> It has about 147M certificates.  I mechanically went through and
> extracted every certificate CN= that contained a * and deduped them,
> coming up with 852K, a very small fraction.  I then went through
> and selected the CN= that didn't start with *.x where x was not
> a *, of which there were only 5182.  I put those files at
> http://www.taugh.com/certs, in stars.txt and oddstars.txt.
>
> Of those 5182 that didn't start with *., over 4000 were some odd
> pseudo-hex stuff starting \x00 that looks to me either intended for a
> non-standard application, or maybe they're just broken.  So of the
> 147M certificates, I see less than a thousand that have plausible
> non-DNS wildcards, and eyeballing them, the wildcard stuff is all to
> the left of an ordinary domain name.
>
> So even though the wildcard rules are different, in practice it
> doesn't matter.
>


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On 15/06/15 02:36, John Levine wrote:
> I was surprised to find that the rules for domain wildcards in SSL
> certificates is different from the rules in the DNS.  In the DNS, the
> only wild card is *. as the terminal name, while in certs, it's more
> like shell wildcards, abc*.example.com matches what it looks like.  I
> verified that this isn't a bug, in that the description of cert
> wildcards in RFC 6125 is deliberately different and matches what
> browsers do.

I'm surprised that you've verified that, in that my understanding is
that no browser for many years has supported abc*.example.com (or, for
that matter, foo.*.example.com). This is why you don't see them in the
wild. Do you have evidence to the contrary?

Gerv


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On Mon, Jun 15, 2015 at 3:53 AM, Gervase Markham <gerv@mozilla.org> wrote:
> On 15/06/15 02:36, John Levine wrote:
>> I was surprised to find that the rules for domain wildcards in SSL
>> certificates is different from the rules in the DNS.  In the DNS, the
>> only wild card is *. as the terminal name, while in certs, it's more
>> like shell wildcards, abc*.example.com matches what it looks like.  I
>> verified that this isn't a bug, in that the description of cert
>> wildcards in RFC 6125 is deliberately different and matches what
>> browsers do.
>
> I'm surprised that you've verified that, in that my understanding is
> that no browser for many years has supported abc*.example.com (or, for
> that matter, foo.*.example.com). This is why you don't see them in the
> wild. Do you have evidence to the contrary?
>
Browsers are only one type of user agent.

Jeff


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Subject: Re: [dbound] Certificate wildcards vs. DNS wildcards
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On 15/06/15 09:15, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
> On Mon, Jun 15, 2015 at 3:53 AM, Gervase Markham <gerv@mozilla.org> wrote:
>> On 15/06/15 02:36, John Levine wrote:
>>> I was surprised to find that the rules for domain wildcards in SSL
>>> certificates is different from the rules in the DNS.  In the DNS, the
>>> only wild card is *. as the terminal name, while in certs, it's more
>>> like shell wildcards, abc*.example.com matches what it looks like.  I
>>> verified that this isn't a bug, in that the description of cert
>>> wildcards in RFC 6125 is deliberately different and matches what
>>> browsers do.
>>
>> I'm surprised that you've verified that, in that my understanding is
>> that no browser for many years has supported abc*.example.com (or, for
>> that matter, foo.*.example.com). This is why you don't see them in the
>> wild. Do you have evidence to the contrary?
>>
> Browsers are only one type of user agent.

Indeed so. But you said "matches what browsers do", not "matches what
user agents do".

I admit I have much less insight into the behaviour of non-browser user
agents. I would still be interested in the names of current bits of
software which recognise "abc*.example.com" or similar.

Gerv


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Subject: Re: [dbound] Certificate wildcards vs. DNS wildcards
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On 15/06/15 09:15, Jeffrey Walton wrote:
> On Mon, Jun 15, 2015 at 3:53 AM, Gervase Markham <gerv@mozilla.org> wrote:
>> On 15/06/15 02:36, John Levine wrote:
>>> I was surprised to find that the rules for domain wildcards in SSL
>>> certificates is different from the rules in the DNS.  In the DNS, the
>>> only wild card is *. as the terminal name, while in certs, it's more
>>> like shell wildcards, abc*.example.com matches what it looks like.  I
>>> verified that this isn't a bug, in that the description of cert
>>> wildcards in RFC 6125 is deliberately different and matches what
>>> browsers do.
>>
>> I'm surprised that you've verified that, in that my understanding is
>> that no browser for many years has supported abc*.example.com (or, for
>> that matter, foo.*.example.com). This is why you don't see them in the
>> wild. Do you have evidence to the contrary?
>>
> Browsers are only one type of user agent.

Indeed so. But he said "matches what browsers do", not "matches what
user agents do".

I admit I have much less insight into the behaviour of non-browser user
agents. I would still be interested in the names of current bits of
software which recognise "abc*.example.com" or similar.

Gerv


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>>> I'm surprised that you've verified that, in that my understanding is
>>> that no browser for many years has supported abc*.example.com (or, for
>>> that matter, foo.*.example.com). This is why you don't see them in the
>>> wild. Do you have evidence to the contrary?
>>>
>> Browsers are only one type of user agent.
>
> Indeed so. But you said "matches what browsers do", not "matches what
> user agents do".
>
> I admit I have much less insight into the behaviour of non-browser user
> agents. I would still be interested in the names of current bits of
> software which recognise "abc*.example.com" or similar.

OpenSSL has an option to match multiple wildcards at any label, and
not just the leftmost label. And by default, it matches partials. See
X509_check_host (3)
(https://www.openssl.org/docs/crypto/X509_check_host.html) man pages.

(Sorry if the terseness made it sound argumentative. That was not the point).

Jeff


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--089e0160b4fec5669705188a904b
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

Hi,

I admit I have much less insight into the behaviour of non-browser user
> agents. I would still be interested in the names of current bits of
> software which recognise "abc*.example.com" or similar.
>

Current versions of Python3, Ruby, and curl allow such wildcards
and try partial matching.  LibreSSL does not.

https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/f4b4e23475d0/Lib/ssl.py#l194
https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/trunk/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb#L200
https://github.com/bagder/curl/blob/master/lib/hostcheck.c#L60


Thanks,
Tomoyuki

--089e0160b4fec5669705188a904b
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Hi,</div><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D=
"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px=
 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);border-left=
-style:solid;padding-left:1ex">
I admit I have much less insight into the behaviour of non-browser user<br>
agents. I would still be interested in the names of current bits of<br>
software which recognise &quot;abc*.<a href=3D"http://example.com" rel=3D"n=
oreferrer" target=3D"_blank">example.com</a>&quot; or similar.<br></blockqu=
ote><div><br></div><div>Current versions of Python3, Ruby, and curl allow s=
uch wildcards</div><div>and try partial matching.=C2=A0 LibreSSL does not.<=
/div><div><br></div><div><a href=3D"https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/f4b4=
e23475d0/Lib/ssl.py#l194">https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/f4b4e23475d0/L=
ib/ssl.py#l194</a><br></div><div><a href=3D"https://github.com/ruby/ruby/bl=
ob/trunk/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb#L200">https://github.com/ruby/ruby/=
blob/trunk/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb#L200</a><br></div><div><a href=3D=
"https://github.com/bagder/curl/blob/master/lib/hostcheck.c#L60">https://gi=
thub.com/bagder/curl/blob/master/lib/hostcheck.c#L60</a><br></div><div><br>=
</div><div><br></div><div>Thanks,</div><div>Tomoyuki</div><div><br></div></=
div></div></div>

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From nobody Mon Jun 15 05:49:57 2015
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Date: 15 Jun 2015 08:49:51 -0400
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From: "John R Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
To: "Gervase Markham" <gerv@mozilla.org>
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Certificate wildcards vs. DNS wildcards
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> I'm surprised that you've verified that, in that my understanding is
> that no browser for many years has supported abc*.example.com (or, for
> that matter, foo.*.example.com). This is why you don't see them in the
> wild. Do you have evidence to the contrary?

No, but the spec says what it says.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail.


From nobody Mon Jun 15 05:57:13 2015
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To: John R Levine <johnl@taugh.com>
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On 15/06/15 13:49, John R Levine wrote:
>> I'm surprised that you've verified that, in that my understanding is
>> that no browser for many years has supported abc*.example.com (or, for
>> that matter, foo.*.example.com). This is why you don't see them in the
>> wild. Do you have evidence to the contrary?
> 
> No, but the spec says what it says.

Indeed it does; but you made claims both about the spec (which are
right) and about browser behaviour (which are wrong).

https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=159483#c11
and many related bugs.

Gerv


From nobody Mon Jun 15 12:09:30 2015
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>Indeed so. But you said "matches what browsers do", not "matches what
>user agents do".

Indeed, you're right.  As we say, so sue me.  

We appear to be in agreement with the conclusion that although non-DNS
wildcards are allowed, they are very uncommon in practice.

R's,
John


From nobody Mon Jun 15 16:40:01 2015
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Certificate wildcards vs. DNS wildcards
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Also Windows SChannel supports those wildcards: 
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/258858



-Rick



From: Tomoyuki Sahara [mailto:sahara@surt.net]
Sent: Monday, June 15, 2015 1:52 AM
To: Gervase Markham
Cc: noloader@gmail.com; dbound@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dbound] Certificate wildcards vs. DNS wildcards



Hi,



I admit I have much less insight into the behaviour of non-browser user
agents. I would still be interested in the names of current bits of
software which recognise "abc*.example.com" or similar.



Current versions of Python3, Ruby, and curl allow such wildcards

and try partial matching.  LibreSSL does not.



https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/f4b4e23475d0/Lib/ssl.py#l194

https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/trunk/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/ssl.rb#L200

https://github.com/bagder/curl/blob/master/lib/hostcheck.c#L60





Thanks,

Tomoyuki




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<o:shapelayout v:ext=3D"edit">
<o:idmap v:ext=3D"edit" data=3D"1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=3DEN-US link=3Dblue =
vlink=3Dpurple><div class=3DWordSection1><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'>Also Windows SChannel supports those wildcards: <a =
href=3D"http://support.microsoft.com/kb/258858">http://support.microsoft.=
com/kb/258858</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'>-Rick<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> =
Tomoyuki Sahara [mailto:sahara@surt.net] <br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, June =
15, 2015 1:52 AM<br><b>To:</b> Gervase Markham<br><b>Cc:</b> =
noloader@gmail.com; dbound@ietf.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [dbound] =
Certificate wildcards vs. DNS wildcards<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>Hi,<o:p></o:p></p></div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><div><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>I admit I have much less insight into the =
behaviour of non-browser user<br>agents. I would still be interested in =
the names of current bits of<br>software which recognise &quot;abc*.<a =
href=3D"http://example.com" target=3D"_blank">example.com</a>&quot; or =
similar.<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><div><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>Current versions of =
Python3, Ruby, and curl allow such wildcards<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>and try partial =
matching.&nbsp; LibreSSL does not.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><a =
href=3D"https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/f4b4e23475d0/Lib/ssl.py#l194">=
https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/f4b4e23475d0/Lib/ssl.py#l194</a><o:p><=
/o:p></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><a =
href=3D"https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/trunk/ext/openssl/lib/openssl/s=
sl.rb#L200">https://github.com/ruby/ruby/blob/trunk/ext/openssl/lib/opens=
sl/ssl.rb#L200</a><o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><a =
href=3D"https://github.com/bagder/curl/blob/master/lib/hostcheck.c#L60">h=
ttps://github.com/bagder/curl/blob/master/lib/hostcheck.c#L60</a><o:p></o=
:p></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>Thanks,<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'>Tomoyuki<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div></div></div></div><=
/div></body></html>
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Date: Wed, 17 Jun 2015 16:31:04 +0100
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Subject: [dbound] Suggestion for Prague: let's try to converge on problem(s)
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Hi,

I've been trying to put together detailed comments on
draft-deccio-domain-name-relationships-00, and to propose some changes
to draft-sullivan-dbound-problem-statement-00.  But I'm failing to get
satisfying comments together, so sending this more general remark now
because I think we still have some sort of fundamental gap in our
collective understanding of what we're trying to do.  I'd like to
suggest we use some time in Prague to try to get this sorted out.

In my reading, draft-deccio-domain-name-relationships-00 starts with a
deep, fundamental division between "public" and (for want of a better
term) "private" domain names.  I think it starts there because the
authors genuinely believe that the distinction is a fundamental one.
In my opinion, that stance reifies a distinction that is implicit to
the way the PSL has always worked into a distinction that is part of
the world.

For instance, to me it is extremely artifitcial to claim that the root
zone and (say) the com zone are both "public" zones.  The rules by
which one gets an entry in the root zone are way more convoluted than
the rules by which one gets an entry in the com zone.

By the same token, the important relationship between (for example)
co.uk and uk is not that they're both public, but the way the policy
relationship between those domains works (and how it might evolve over
time).

My view is that this means we need a way to express these kinds of
relationships, but that one thing we _must_ be able to capture (or
perhaps emulate) the public/private distinction that is implicit in
the PSL now.

Part of the reason I keep harping on this is because, if we're merely
going to produce a new way to express the same public/private
distinction we have now, there will be poor incentives to use or
deploy the new protocol.  It imposes some costs, and if you don't get
anything better than the mechanism you already have then the
additional work will never be worth it.

But the problem is, I think, that our use cases suggest that PSL has
been embraced because it's the closest available, rather than being
close enough.  I'd like to spend the time we have in Prague really
hashing the rest of the details of what problems we're really trying
to work on, what ones are must-haves vs. nice to haves, and to
prioritize the nice to have cases in order to understand how we can
make trade-offs.

Best regards,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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>In my reading, draft-deccio-domain-name-relationships-00 starts with a
>deep, fundamental division between "public" and (for want of a better
>term) "private" domain names.  I think it starts there because the
>authors genuinely believe that the distinction is a fundamental one.

I share your concern and agree with the implication this jumps to
places we don't necessarily want to be.  It seems to me more useful
to look at the questions are currently answering using the PSL, and
the kinds of answers:

* Should I accept a cookie at this name?  (domain -> yes/no)

* Should I sign an SSL cert at this name? (domain -> yes/no)

* Should I sign a wildcard SSL cert under this name? (domain -> yes/no)

* Where is the DMARC record for this name? (domain -> domain)

* Are these two names under the same control? (domain x domain -> yes/no)

The fact that the questions and answers aren't even all of the same
type should offer a hint that the structure is more complicated.

R's,
John


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On 17/06/15 18:37, John Levine wrote:
> * Should I accept a cookie at this name?  (domain -> yes/no)
> 
> * Should I sign an SSL cert at this name? (domain -> yes/no)

Again, the PSL does not give a yes/no answer to this question. It gives
a "yes if everything else checks out/probably not but check carefully"
answer. The real answer depends on factors external to both the PSL and
the DNS.

Gerv


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--089e0122e6889a95d60518bb2125
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Hi Andrew,

Well said and proposed.

Some additional comments inline.

On Wed, Jun 17, 2015 at 11:31 AM, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
wrote:

> In my reading, draft-deccio-domain-name-relationships-00 starts with a
> deep, fundamental division between "public" and (for want of a better
> term) "private" domain names.  I think it starts there because the
> authors genuinely believe that the distinction is a fundamental one.
> In my opinion, that stance reifies a distinction that is implicit to
> the way the PSL has always worked into a distinction that is part of
> the world.
>

Part of my reasoning for writing this draft is that I believe that the
fundamental division between (currently called) public and private names,
brought to light by the PSL, is a great asset in solving this problem.
Understanding that division--and properly defining it--can help with
identifying solution(s).  That is not to say that the PSL is 100% accurate
in implementing this distinction, nor is the PSL sufficient for determining
policies.  I am well aware of that.  However, I argue that a line can be
drawn through the breadth of the DNS namespace tree, above which names are
not to be associated with names below, as far as policy relationships are
concerned--even if those names above and below the line are administered by
the same entity.  If such is not true, then the line needs to be moved up
until it is.

Solutions have been proposed to more generally associate names for policy.
Something of that nature is probably necessary.  However, the proposals
I've read thus far come with considerable complexity and high risk of
"getting it wrong".  It's not to say that they wouldn't work, and perhaps
they can be improved within the working group to lower that risk.  But the
point of the boundary I'm referring to (and implemented, to some extent, by
the PSL) is to cover many (most?) cases by simply identifying this boundary
where the names in question are in relation to that boundary.  If something
cannot be determined with this boundary, other, more specific mechanisms,
can be used to supplement.  If someone doesn't want to use this boundary at
all, then they simply move the line up, effectively making it
"opt-in/opt-out".

In other words, while the PSL concept is incomplete, there is a lot of good
in it, and the ideas can exist even alongside other DBOUND solutions, to
provide "sufficient" means for domain name policy, where other complexity
is neither additionally useful nor desired.


> By the same token, the important relationship between (for example)
> co.uk and uk is not that they're both public, but the way the policy
> relationship between those domains works (and how it might evolve over
> time).
>

This all depends on what you want to know about them.  But I would argue
that for many (most?) cases the fact that they're both public is
"sufficient".


> My view is that this means we need a way to express these kinds of
> relationships, but that one thing we _must_ be able to capture (or
> perhaps emulate) the public/private distinction that is implicit in
> the PSL now.
>
> Part of the reason I keep harping on this is because, if we're merely
> going to produce a new way to express the same public/private
> distinction we have now, there will be poor incentives to use or
> deploy the new protocol.  It imposes some costs, and if you don't get
> anything better than the mechanism you already have then the
> additional work will never be worth it.
>

I'll reiterate here, that while draft-deccio-domain-name-relationships-00
discusses public/private boundaries, neither the draft nor I am encouraging
a solution that merely produces a new way to express the same
public/private distinction--only that the distinction can be used to lift
the complexity burden of other, more heavy-handed solutions, so dismissing
the current paradigm entirely in order to get it "right" with one silver
bullet solution is probably not the right way to go.

Cheers,
Casey

--089e0122e6889a95d60518bb2125
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div>Hi Andrew,<br><br></div>Well said and proposed.<=
br><br></div><div>Some additional comments inline.<br></div><div><br></div>=
On Wed, Jun 17, 2015 at 11:31 AM, Andrew Sullivan <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.com" target=3D"_blank">ajs@anvilwalrusden=
.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div><div><div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><di=
v class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0=
px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">I=
n my reading, draft-deccio-domain-name-relationships-00 starts with a<br>
deep, fundamental division between &quot;public&quot; and (for want of a be=
tter<br>
term) &quot;private&quot; domain names.=C2=A0 I think it starts there becau=
se the<br>
authors genuinely believe that the distinction is a fundamental one.<br>
In my opinion, that stance reifies a distinction that is implicit to<br>
the way the PSL has always worked into a distinction that is part of<br>
the world.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Part of my reasoning for wri=
ting this draft is that I believe that the fundamental division between (cu=
rrently called) public and private names, brought to light by the PSL, is a=
 great asset in solving this problem.=C2=A0 Understanding that division--an=
d properly defining it--can help with identifying solution(s).=C2=A0 That i=
s not to say that the PSL is 100% accurate in implementing this distinction=
, nor is the PSL sufficient for determining policies.=C2=A0 I am well aware=
 of that.=C2=A0 However, I argue that a line can be drawn through the bread=
th of the DNS namespace tree, above which names are not to be associated wi=
th names below, as far as policy relationships are concerned--even if those=
 names above and below the line are administered by the same entity.=C2=A0 =
If such is not true, then the line needs to be moved up until it is.<br><br=
>Solutions have been proposed to more generally associate names for policy.=
=C2=A0 Something of that nature is probably necessary.=C2=A0 However, the p=
roposals I&#39;ve read thus far come with considerable complexity and high =
risk of &quot;getting it wrong&quot;.=C2=A0 It&#39;s not to say that they w=
ouldn&#39;t work, and perhaps they can be improved within the working group=
 to lower that risk.=C2=A0 But the point of the boundary I&#39;m referring =
to (and implemented, to some extent, by the PSL) is to cover many (most?) c=
ases by simply identifying this boundary where the names in question are in=
 relation to that boundary.=C2=A0 If something cannot be determined with th=
is boundary, other, more specific mechanisms, can be used to supplement.=C2=
=A0 If someone doesn&#39;t want to use this boundary at all, then they simp=
ly move the line up, effectively making it &quot;opt-in/opt-out&quot;.<br><=
br></div><div>In other words, while the PSL concept is incomplete, there is=
 a lot of good in it, and the ideas can exist even alongside other DBOUND s=
olutions, to provide &quot;sufficient&quot; means for domain name policy, w=
here other complexity is neither additionally useful nor desired.<br></div>=
<div>=C2=A0<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px =
0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
By the same token, the important relationship between (for example)<br>
<a href=3D"http://co.uk" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">co.uk</a> and=
 uk is not that they&#39;re both public, but the way the policy<br>
relationship between those domains works (and how it might evolve over<br>
time).<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>This all depends on what you wan=
t to know about them.=C2=A0 But I would argue that for many (most?) cases t=
he fact that they&#39;re both public is &quot;sufficient&quot;.<br>=C2=A0<b=
r></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex=
;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
My view is that this means we need a way to express these kinds of<br>
relationships, but that one thing we _must_ be able to capture (or<br>
perhaps emulate) the public/private distinction that is implicit in<br>
the PSL now.<br>
<br>
Part of the reason I keep harping on this is because, if we&#39;re merely<b=
r>
going to produce a new way to express the same public/private<br>
distinction we have now, there will be poor incentives to use or<br>
deploy the new protocol.=C2=A0 It imposes some costs, and if you don&#39;t =
get<br>
anything better than the mechanism you already have then the<br>
additional work will never be worth it.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div=
>I&#39;ll reiterate here, that while draft-deccio-domain-name-relationships=
-00 discusses public/private boundaries, neither the draft nor I am encoura=
ging a solution that merely produces a new way to express the same public/p=
rivate distinction--only that the distinction can be used to lift the compl=
exity burden of other, more heavy-handed solutions, so dismissing the curre=
nt paradigm entirely in order to get it &quot;right&quot; with one silver b=
ullet solution is probably not the right way to go.<br><br></div><div>Cheer=
s,<br></div><div>Casey<br></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>

--089e0122e6889a95d60518bb2125--


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Date: Fri, 19 Jun 2015 11:19:47 +0200
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
To: dbound@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Suggestion for Prague: let's try to converge on problem(s)
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Hi,

On Wed, Jun 17, 2015 at 02:48:05PM -0400, Casey Deccio wrote:

> Part of my reasoning for writing this draft is that I believe that the
> fundamental division between (currently called) public and private names,
> brought to light by the PSL, is a great asset in solving this problem.

Yes, I know, and that's exactly what we disagree about.  I think that
this simple division causes as much harm as benefit.

> policies.  I am well aware of that.  However, I argue that a line can be
> drawn through the breadth of the DNS namespace tree, above which names are
> not to be associated with names below, as far as policy relationships are
> concerned--even if those names above and below the line are administered by
> the same entity.  If such is not true, then the line needs to be moved up
> until it is.

And I am arguing that "a line" is a fundamental mistake.  Moreover, in
my view the idea that these are always or even primarily parent-child
relationships is a serious error (but I recognise that that is a more
controversial point of view).

> they can be improved within the working group to lower that risk.  But the
> point of the boundary I'm referring to (and implemented, to some extent, by
> the PSL) is to cover many (most?) cases by simply identifying this boundary
> where the names in question are in relation to that boundary.

I think we disagree about what the facts are here, because I don't
think the evidence before us gives us a reason that this single
boundary works today.  I argue that this is not because the details in
the PSL happen to be wrong (sometimes they are, but it's at least 80%
good), but because the PSL or any other single-factor distinction is
making a category mistake.  I think that John's questions upthread are
a much better foundation from which to proceed.

Best regards,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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Subject: Re: [dbound] Suggestion for Prague: let's try to converge on problem(s)
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--089e01182daa2152910518df4695
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

I completely concur with John's more organic-friendly questions, and also
agree that a simple line as a boundary is not the right approach.   CONTEXT
is absolutely important.

If we iterated through John's cases, it clearly demonstrates how things can
be different per namespace per context.

Context of use case ABSOLUTELY matters and it changes where any theoretical
boundary exists, and context might also alter where boundaries are defined
within namespaces (or if they) should.

I have tried to make a few captures of what we might benefit from including
in thoughts and discussion around the problems to solve.

I don't wish to prescribe any solution in doing so, it is just a brain dump
mostly.  As I re-read them, I notice that we might benefit from thinking
about organizing them per context, vs per namespace, but again, I fear I
may be being prescriptive.

Parent/child
It seems like parent-child relationship is important to "domain
boundaries", but records reflecting these should come with associated
context also documented, to define child(ren) suffixes

Contexts
There should also be flexibility to allow for multiple contexts and
variance to where these boundaries are.

Administrative errata
Having a place to indicate some form of normalized information, such as
Whois server address for domains in it
Abuse poc
Registry URL
Registry policy URL
Code points (If IDN)
Etc.

Apex
It does seem important, in the context of apex of root authority, (and also
registry) to demonstrate top down chains of parent-child relationships like
might exist between "." and ".uk" or ".uk" and ".ac.uk", such that ".ac.uk"
and be known to be part of an authoritative administrative chain,
unbroken, within ".".

I always seem to pick on Centralnic names, but this would be true of any
subdomaining entity like Amazon AWS or Dyn, but having some way for .com.de
or co.com to self-represent apex within their record somehow to establish
that they are not within the top down apex from the root, but are
expressing other contexts and records to indicate what is appropriate
within these namespaces for cookie behavior, certificate issue, etc.

In doing some form of element to show administrative apex, there needs to
be care to do so in a manner that would not prejudice self-apex types that
may not have a chain of authority from the parent  (like Github, Dyn,
Centralnic, Amazon. Etc) that are not administratively connected all the
way up to the root delegation.

A commentary about caution and why I am inclusive about representation for
subdomain entities, is that I could see a registry potentially salivating
over charging a registrant extra to obtain a special connection/license to
subdomain.

We should be careful about ensuring no disruption, financial, operational,
or otherwise, to the operators of subdomain solutions, whatever we label
them as.

Equivalence
if there were some way to add aliases for equivilence - such that PIR
.ONG/.NGO or other similar situations where registry makes paired names
available - that we could have some alias record that could reflect this,
per context.

-jothan

On Friday, June 19, 2015, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com> wrote:

> Hi,
>
> On Wed, Jun 17, 2015 at 02:48:05PM -0400, Casey Deccio wrote:
>
> > Part of my reasoning for writing this draft is that I believe that the
> > fundamental division between (currently called) public and private names,
> > brought to light by the PSL, is a great asset in solving this problem.
>
> Yes, I know, and that's exactly what we disagree about.  I think that
> this simple division causes as much harm as benefit.
>
> > policies.  I am well aware of that.  However, I argue that a line can be
> > drawn through the breadth of the DNS namespace tree, above which names
> are
> > not to be associated with names below, as far as policy relationships are
> > concerned--even if those names above and below the line are administered
> by
> > the same entity.  If such is not true, then the line needs to be moved up
> > until it is.
>
> And I am arguing that "a line" is a fundamental mistake.  Moreover, in
> my view the idea that these are always or even primarily parent-child
> relationships is a serious error (but I recognise that that is a more
> controversial point of view).
>
> > they can be improved within the working group to lower that risk.  But
> the
> > point of the boundary I'm referring to (and implemented, to some extent,
> by
> > the PSL) is to cover many (most?) cases by simply identifying this
> boundary
> > where the names in question are in relation to that boundary.
>
> I think we disagree about what the facts are here, because I don't
> think the evidence before us gives us a reason that this single
> boundary works today.  I argue that this is not because the details in
> the PSL happen to be wrong (sometimes they are, but it's at least 80%
> good), but because the PSL or any other single-factor distinction is
> making a category mistake.  I think that John's questions upthread are
> a much better foundation from which to proceed.
>
> Best regards,
>
> A
>
> --
> Andrew Sullivan
> ajs@anvilwalrusden.com <javascript:;>
>
> _______________________________________________
> dbound mailing list
> dbound@ietf.org <javascript:;>
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound
>


-- 

Jothan Frakes
Tel: +1.206-355-0230

--089e01182daa2152910518df4695
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

I completely concur with John&#39;s more organic-friendly questions, and al=
so agree that a simple line as a boundary is not the right approach. =C2=A0=
 CONTEXT is absolutely important.<div><br></div><div>If we iterated through=
 John&#39;s cases, it clearly demonstrates how things can be different per =
namespace per context.</div><div><br></div><div>Context of use case ABSOLUT=
ELY matters and it changes where any theoretical boundary exists, and conte=
xt might also alter where boundaries are defined within namespaces (or if t=
hey) should.</div><div><br></div><div>I have tried to make a few captures o=
f what we might benefit from including in thoughts and discussion around th=
e problems to solve. =C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>I don&#39;t wish to pr=
escribe any solution in doing so, it is just a brain dump mostly.=C2=A0 As =
I re-read them, I notice that we might benefit from thinking about organizi=
ng them=C2=A0per context, vs per namespace, but again, I fear I may be bein=
g prescriptive.</div><div><br></div><div>Parent/child</div><div>It seems li=
ke parent-child relationship is important to &quot;domain boundaries&quot;,=
=C2=A0but records reflecting these=C2=A0should come with associated context=
 also documented, to define child(ren) suffixes</div><div><br></div><div>Co=
ntexts</div><div>There should also=C2=A0be flexibility to allow for multipl=
e contexts and variance to where these boundaries are.</div><div><br></div>=
<div>Administrative errata</div><div>Having a place to indicate some form o=
f normalized information, such as</div><div>Whois server address for domain=
s in it</div><div>Abuse poc</div><div>Registry URL</div><div>Registry polic=
y URL</div>Code points (If IDN)<br>Etc.<br><div><br></div><div>Apex</div><d=
iv>It does seem important,=C2=A0in the context of apex of=C2=A0root authori=
ty, (and also registry)=C2=A0to demonstrate top down chains of p<font size=
=3D"2"><span style=3D"background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)">arent-child rel=
ationships=C2=A0like might exist between &quot;.&quot; and &quot;.</span></=
font>uk&quot; or &quot;.uk&quot; and &quot;.<a href=3D"http://ac.uk">ac.uk<=
/a>&quot;, such that &quot;.<a href=3D"http://ac.uk">ac.uk</a>&quot; and be=
 known to be part of an authoritative administrative chain, unbroken,=C2=A0=
within &quot;.&quot;.=C2=A0=C2=A0</div><div><br></div>I always seem to pick=
 on Centralnic names, but this would be true of any subdomaining=C2=A0entit=
y like Amazon=C2=A0AWS or Dyn, but having some way for=C2=A0.<a href=3D"htt=
p://com.de">com.de</a> or <a href=3D"http://co.com">co.com</a> to=C2=A0self=
-represent apex within their record somehow to establish that they are not =
within the top down apex from the root, but are expressing other contexts a=
nd records to indicate what is appropriate within these namespaces for cook=
ie behavior, certificate issue, etc.<br><div><div><br></div><div>In doing s=
ome form of element to show administrative apex,=C2=A0there needs to be car=
e=C2=A0to do so in a manner that would not prejudice self-apex types that m=
ay not have a chain of authority from the parent =C2=A0(like Github, Dyn, C=
entralnic, Amazon. Etc) that are not administratively connected all the way=
 up to the root delegation.</div><div><br></div>A commentary about caution =
and why I am inclusive about representation for subdomain entities, is that=
 I could see a registry potentially salivating over charging a registrant=
=C2=A0extra to obtain a special connection/license to subdomain.<div><br></=
div><div>We should be careful about ensuring no disruption, financial, oper=
ational, or otherwise, to the operators of subdomain solutions, whatever we=
 label them as.</div><div><br></div><div>Equivalence</div><div>if there wer=
e some way to add aliases for equivilence - such that PIR .ONG/.NGO or othe=
r similar situations where registry makes paired names available - that we =
could have some alias record that could reflect this, per context.</div><di=
v><br></div><div>-jothan</div><div><br>On Friday, June 19, 2015, Andrew Sul=
livan &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.com">ajs@anvilwalrusden.com<=
/a>&gt; wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Hi,<br>
<br>
On Wed, Jun 17, 2015 at 02:48:05PM -0400, Casey Deccio wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; Part of my reasoning for writing this draft is that I believe that the=
<br>
&gt; fundamental division between (currently called) public and private nam=
es,<br>
&gt; brought to light by the PSL, is a great asset in solving this problem.=
<br>
<br>
Yes, I know, and that&#39;s exactly what we disagree about.=C2=A0 I think t=
hat<br>
this simple division causes as much harm as benefit.<br>
<br>
&gt; policies.=C2=A0 I am well aware of that.=C2=A0 However, I argue that a=
 line can be<br>
&gt; drawn through the breadth of the DNS namespace tree, above which names=
 are<br>
&gt; not to be associated with names below, as far as policy relationships =
are<br>
&gt; concerned--even if those names above and below the line are administer=
ed by<br>
&gt; the same entity.=C2=A0 If such is not true, then the line needs to be =
moved up<br>
&gt; until it is.<br>
<br>
And I am arguing that &quot;a line&quot; is a fundamental mistake.=C2=A0 Mo=
reover, in<br>
my view the idea that these are always or even primarily parent-child<br>
relationships is a serious error (but I recognise that that is a more<br>
controversial point of view).<br>
<br>
&gt; they can be improved within the working group to lower that risk.=C2=
=A0 But the<br>
&gt; point of the boundary I&#39;m referring to (and implemented, to some e=
xtent, by<br>
&gt; the PSL) is to cover many (most?) cases by simply identifying this bou=
ndary<br>
&gt; where the names in question are in relation to that boundary.<br>
<br>
I think we disagree about what the facts are here, because I don&#39;t<br>
think the evidence before us gives us a reason that this single<br>
boundary works today.=C2=A0 I argue that this is not because the details in=
<br>
the PSL happen to be wrong (sometimes they are, but it&#39;s at least 80%<b=
r>
good), but because the PSL or any other single-factor distinction is<br>
making a category mistake.=C2=A0 I think that John&#39;s questions upthread=
 are<br>
a much better foundation from which to proceed.<br>
<br>
Best regards,<br>
<br>
A<br>
<br>
--<br>
Andrew Sullivan<br>
<a href=3D"javascript:;" onclick=3D"_e(event, &#39;cvml&#39;, &#39;ajs@anvi=
lwalrusden.com&#39;)">ajs@anvilwalrusden.com</a><br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
dbound mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"javascript:;" onclick=3D"_e(event, &#39;cvml&#39;, &#39;dbound@i=
etf.org&#39;)">dbound@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound" target=3D"_blank">=
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound</a><br>
</blockquote></div></div><br><br>-- <br><div dir=3D"ltr"><br>Jothan Frakes<=
br>Tel: +1.206-355-0230<br><br></div><br>

--089e01182daa2152910518df4695--


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Subject: Re: [dbound] Suggestion for Prague: let's try to converge on problem(s)
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Hi Andrew,

On Fri, Jun 19, 2015 at 5:19 AM, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
wrote:

> > policies.  I am well aware of that.  However, I argue that a line can be
> > drawn through the breadth of the DNS namespace tree, above which names
> are
> > not to be associated with names below, as far as policy relationships are
> > concerned--even if those names above and below the line are administered
> by
> > the same entity.  If such is not true, then the line needs to be moved up
> > until it is.
>
> And I am arguing that "a line" is a fundamental mistake.


I'm not sure why it is a mistake or why that mistake is fundamental.  It
all depends on how that line is to be used, which helps determine where the
line is, correct?


> Moreover, in
> my view the idea that these are always or even primarily parent-child
> relationships is a serious error (but I recognise that that is a more
> controversial point of view).
>

I'm not sure that I've ever conveyed that idea.  If I have, it was
unintentional.  The purpose of the current PSL or some future mechanism
that operates on similar principles is not to identify relationships but to
define a boundary across which they can be repudiated.  In many use cases
that is sufficient.  Where it is not, other mechanisms can be used to
identify them (i.e., other solutions within DBOUND).


> > they can be improved within the working group to lower that risk.  But
> the
> > point of the boundary I'm referring to (and implemented, to some extent,
> by
> > the PSL) is to cover many (most?) cases by simply identifying this
> boundary
> > where the names in question are in relation to that boundary.
>
> I think we disagree about what the facts are here, because I don't
> think the evidence before us gives us a reason that this single
> boundary works today.


"Works" is unfortunately a very ambiguous term.  Does it work to serve the
primary purposes for which it was originally developed (e.g., HTTP cookie
domain limits and (later) rudimentary identifying of "non-public" parts of
names for display purposes in your browser's location bar)?  Does it
fulfill those primary purposes for one or both of the two "categories" of
suffixes in the file?  Does it work for other applications (e.g., DMARC)
for which it wasn't originally designed?  For each previous question, what
is the proportion of cases for which it has been successful and when it
hasn't?  The answers to each of these questions will likely vary (probably
with decreasing success rate in the order in which they were asked).

Previously, and again here I reiterate the following: I do not believe the
current PSL or some future PSL-like mechanism can solve *by itself* what
DBOUND has proposed to solve.  Period.

What I have continually suggested is that part of identifying relationships
is repudiating relationships.  And if there's a simple way to do *first*
this, how often will this check suffice?  When it does suffice, none of the
other, more complicated, mechanisms need to be utilized.  But it doesn't
suffice, then the client has other avenues.

I argue that this is not because the details in
> the PSL happen to be wrong (sometimes they are, but it's at least 80%
> good),


What do you mean by "at least 80% good"?  Are you saying that up to 20% of
the list is inaccurate?  Or that up to 20% of the use cases of the list are
inaccurate?  Or are you talking about actual uses?  Where did you get these
numbers?

but because the PSL or any other single-factor distinction is
> making a category mistake.


Yup.  Again, I am not, nor have I, advocated a single-factor distinction.

I do not believe the current PSL or some future PSL-like mechanism can
solve *by itself* what DBOUND has proposed to solve.  Period.


> I think that John's questions upthread are
> a much better foundation from which to proceed.
>
>
John's questions are great.  And to me they show how a hybrid mechanism can
work.  For demonstrative purposes only (purely examples):

* Should I accept a cookie at this name?  (domain -> yes/no)
Flow:
1. is there a public boundary between name and domain? yes: goto 5; no:
goto 2;
2. is there (using some other DBOUND solution) a policy governing the
domain? yes: goto 3; no: goto 4;
3. does policy allow name to set cookie for domain? yes: goto 6; no: goto 5;
4. does RFC 6265 allow name to cookie for domain? yes: goto 5; no: goto 6;
5. "no"
6. "yes"

* Should I sign an SSL cert at this name? (domain -> yes/no)
Flow:
1. is name above a public boundary? yes: goto 4; no: goto 2;
2. is there (using some other DBOUND solution) an SSL cert policy governing
the name? yes: goto 3; no: goto 5;
3. does policy allow the name to qualify for an SSL cert? yes: goto 5; no:
goto 4;
4. "no"
5. "yes"

* Should I sign a wildcard SSL cert under this name? (domain -> yes/no)
1. is name (minus wildcard) above a public boundary? yes: goto 4; no: goto
2;
2. is there (using some other DBOUND solution) an SSL cert policy governing
the name? yes: goto 3; no: goto 5;
3. does policy allow the name to have a wildcard SSL cert? yes: goto 5; no:
goto 4;
4. "no"
5. "yes"

* Where is the DMARC record for this name? (domain -> domain)
Do you mean what is the "organizational domain" for this domain (i.e., RFC
7489, section 6.1)?
1. is there (using some other DBOUND solution) a policy to identify the
organizational domain of name? yes: goto 2; no: goto 3;
2. the organizational domain of name, as produced by the solution found in
1 (perhaps this would have an additional check to make sure it's not above
a public boundary).
3. the name formed by identifying the lowest public boundary, plus one
label (i.e., as in RFC 7489, section 6.1)

* Are these two names under the same control? (domain x domain -> yes/no)
Under the same *control* or the same *policy*?  The process here would vary
based on the answer and might not involve DBOUND at all.

So you might still be asking: if the "other" (i.e., non-PSL-like) solution
could essentially stand alone, why even include that solution?  I can think
of a number of reasons, one of which, I've already mentioned, is for the
"default" case (i.e., where there is no explicit policy--either by choice
or by disregard/ignorance).  I've said that this "default" case could apply
to the vast majority of names.  I say this because if the name (or
organizational domain) happens to coincide with the name directly below the
public boundary, then in most cases, there's no more to be done!  I suspect
that this is a large number, but I don't have stats.  And again, I'm not
saying that there aren't cases where this doesn't work!

This also provides inherent backwards compatibility.  Additionally, if
implemented in a fashion like the current PSL, much of this can simply be
done offline.  Finally (and in conjunction with the self-contained, offline
capability) the client can determine with what granularity it wants to
identify (or repudiate) an association.  For example, think identifying
organizational domains (for lack of a better word) for log messages.  I
can't imagine a system administrator wanting to perform online lookups to
identify organizations for names associated with log messages.

Cheers,
Casey

--001a1144068412803c0518e0bfbb
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">Hi Andrew,<br><div><br>On Fri, Jun 19, 2015 at 5:19 AM, An=
drew Sullivan <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.co=
m" target=3D"_blank">ajs@anvilwalrusden.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div c=
lass=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_=
quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,=
204);padding-left:1ex"><span>&gt; policies.=C2=A0 I am well aware of that.=
=C2=A0 However, I argue that a line can be<br>
&gt; drawn through the breadth of the DNS namespace tree, above which names=
 are<br>
&gt; not to be associated with names below, as far as policy relationships =
are<br>
&gt; concerned--even if those names above and below the line are administer=
ed by<br>
&gt; the same entity.=C2=A0 If such is not true, then the line needs to be =
moved up<br>
&gt; until it is.<br>
<br>
</span>And I am arguing that &quot;a line&quot; is a fundamental mistake.</=
blockquote><div><br></div><div>I&#39;m not sure why it is a mistake or why =
that mistake is fundamental.=C2=A0 It all depends on how that line is to be=
 used, which helps determine where the line is, correct?<br></div><div>=C2=
=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8e=
x;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Moreover, in<br>
my view the idea that these are always or even primarily parent-child<br>
relationships is a serious error (but I recognise that that is a more<br>
controversial point of view).<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I&#39;m n=
ot sure that I&#39;ve ever conveyed that idea.=C2=A0 If I have, it was unin=
tentional.=C2=A0 The purpose of the current PSL or some future mechanism th=
at operates on similar principles is not to identify relationships but to d=
efine a boundary across which they can be repudiated.=C2=A0 In many use cas=
es that is sufficient.=C2=A0 Where it is not, other mechanisms can be used =
to identify them (i.e., other solutions within DBOUND).<br></div><div>=C2=
=A0<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px =
0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><span>
&gt; they can be improved within the working group to lower that risk.=C2=
=A0 But the<br>
&gt; point of the boundary I&#39;m referring to (and implemented, to some e=
xtent, by<br>
&gt; the PSL) is to cover many (most?) cases by simply identifying this bou=
ndary<br>
&gt; where the names in question are in relation to that boundary.<br>
<br>
</span>I think we disagree about what the facts are here, because I don&#39=
;t<br>
think the evidence before us gives us a reason that this single<br>
boundary works today.</blockquote><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote">&quo=
t;Works&quot; is unfortunately a very ambiguous term.=C2=A0 Does it work to=
 serve the primary purposes for which it was originally developed (e.g., HT=
TP cookie domain limits and (later) rudimentary identifying of &quot;non-pu=
blic&quot; parts of names for display purposes in your browser&#39;s locati=
on bar)?=C2=A0 Does it fulfill those primary purposes for one or both of th=
e two &quot;categories&quot; of suffixes in the file?=C2=A0 Does it work fo=
r other applications (e.g., DMARC) for which it wasn&#39;t originally desig=
ned?=C2=A0 For each previous question, what is the proportion of cases for =
which it has been successful and when it hasn&#39;t?=C2=A0 The answers to e=
ach of these questions will likely vary (probably with decreasing success r=
ate in the order in which they were asked).<br><br></div><div>Previously, a=
nd again here I reiterate the following: I do not believe the current PSL o=
r some future PSL-like mechanism can solve *by itself* what DBOUND has prop=
osed to solve.=C2=A0 Period.<br><br>What I have continually suggested is th=
at part of identifying relationships is repudiating relationships.=C2=A0 An=
d if there&#39;s a simple way to do *first* this, how often will this check=
 suffice?=C2=A0 When it does suffice, none of the other, more complicated, =
mechanisms need to be utilized.=C2=A0 But it doesn&#39;t suffice, then the =
client has other avenues.<br><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquo=
te class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px =
solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">I argue that this is not because t=
he details in<br>
the PSL happen to be wrong (sometimes they are, but it&#39;s at least 80%<b=
r>
good),</blockquote><div><br></div><div>What do you mean by &quot;at least 8=
0% good&quot;?=C2=A0 Are you saying that up to 20% of the list is inaccurat=
e?=C2=A0 Or that up to 20% of the use cases of the list are inaccurate?=C2=
=A0 Or are you talking about actual uses?=C2=A0 Where did you get these num=
bers?<br><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0p=
x 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">but be=
cause the PSL or any other single-factor distinction is<br>
making a category mistake.</blockquote><br></div><div>Yup.=C2=A0 Again, I a=
m not, nor have I, advocated a single-factor distinction.<br><br>I do not b=
elieve the current PSL or some future PSL-like mechanism can solve *by itse=
lf* what DBOUND has proposed to solve.=C2=A0 Period.<br>=C2=A0</div><div cl=
ass=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">I thi=
nk that John&#39;s questions upthread are<br>
a much better foundation from which to proceed.<br>
<div><div><br></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>John&#39;s quest=
ions are great.=C2=A0 And to me they show how a hybrid mechanism can work.=
=C2=A0 For demonstrative purposes only (purely examples):<br><br>* Should I=
 accept a cookie at this name?=C2=A0 (domain -&gt; yes/no)<br></div><div>Fl=
ow:<br>1. is there a public boundary between name and domain? yes: goto 5; =
no: goto 2;<br></div><div>2. is there (using some other DBOUND solution) a =
policy governing the domain? yes: goto 3; no: goto 4;<br></div><div>3. does=
 policy allow name to set cookie for domain? yes: goto 6; no: goto 5;<br></=
div><div>4. does RFC 6265 allow name to cookie for domain? yes: goto 5; no:=
 goto 6;<br></div><div>5. &quot;no&quot;<br></div><div>6. &quot;yes&quot;<b=
r><br></div>* Should I sign an SSL cert at this name? (domain -&gt; yes/no)=
<br><div>
<div>Flow:<br>1. is name above a public boundary? yes: goto 4; no: goto 2;<=
br></div><div>2. is there (using some other DBOUND solution) an SSL cert po=
licy governing the name? yes: goto 3; no: goto 5;<br></div><div>3. does pol=
icy allow the name to qualify for an SSL cert? yes: goto 5; no: goto 4;<br>=
</div>4. &quot;no&quot;<br><div>5. &quot;yes&quot;<br><br></div>
* Should I sign a wildcard SSL cert under this name? (domain -&gt; yes/no)<=
br>1. is name (minus wildcard) above a public boundary? yes: goto 4; no: go=
to 2;<br><div>2. is there (using some other DBOUND solution) an SSL cert po=
licy governing the name? yes: goto 3; no: goto 5;<br></div><div>3. does pol=
icy allow the name to have a wildcard SSL cert? yes: goto 5; no: goto 4;<br=
></div>4. &quot;no&quot;<br>5. &quot;yes&quot;<br><br>
* Where is the DMARC record for this name? (domain -&gt; domain)<br></div><=
div>Do you mean what is the &quot;organizational domain&quot; for this doma=
in (i.e., RFC 7489, section 6.1)? <br></div>1. is there (using some other D=
BOUND solution) a policy to identify the organizational domain of name? yes=
: goto 2; no: goto 3;<br><div>2. the organizational domain of name, as prod=
uced by the solution found in 1 (perhaps this would have an additional chec=
k to make sure it&#39;s not above a public boundary).<br></div><div>3. the =
name formed by identifying the lowest public boundary, plus one label (i.e.=
, as in RFC 7489, section 6.1)<br></div><br><div>
* Are these two names under the same control? (domain x domain -&gt; yes/no=
)=C2=A0
<br></div><div>Under the same *control* or the same *policy*?=C2=A0 The pro=
cess here would vary based on the answer and might not involve DBOUND at al=
l.<br><br></div><div>So you might still be asking: if the &quot;other&quot;=
 (i.e., non-PSL-like) solution could essentially stand alone, why even incl=
ude that solution?=C2=A0 I can think of a number of reasons, one of which, =
I&#39;ve already mentioned, is for the &quot;default&quot; case (i.e., wher=
e there is no explicit policy--either by choice or by disregard/ignorance).=
=C2=A0 I&#39;ve said that this &quot;default&quot; case could apply to the =
vast majority of names.=C2=A0 I say this because if the name (or organizati=
onal domain) happens to coincide with the name directly below the public bo=
undary, then in most cases, there&#39;s no more to be done!=C2=A0 I suspect=
 that this is a large number, but I don&#39;t have stats.=C2=A0 And again, =
I&#39;m not saying that there aren&#39;t cases where this doesn&#39;t work!=
 <br><br>This also provides inherent backwards compatibility.=C2=A0 Additio=
nally, if implemented in a fashion like the current PSL, much of this can s=
imply be done offline.=C2=A0 Finally (and in conjunction with the self-cont=
ained, offline capability) the client can determine with what granularity i=
t wants to identify (or repudiate) an association.=C2=A0 For example, think=
 identifying organizational domains (for lack of a better word) for log mes=
sages.=C2=A0 I can&#39;t imagine a system administrator wanting to perform =
online lookups to identify organizations for names associated with log mess=
ages.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Cheers,<br></div><div>Casey<br></div></d=
iv></div></div></div>

--001a1144068412803c0518e0bfbb--


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Subject: Re: [dbound] Suggestion for Prague: let's try to converge on problem(s)
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>> And I am arguing that "a line" is a fundamental mistake.
>
>I'm not sure why it is a mistake or why that mistake is fundamental.

Because it's not necessarily a line.  For DMARC, it would be really
nice if we could say that the policy record for names at and below
foomail.ca and foocourriel.fr and foopost.de and foomail.co.uk is at
foomail.com. For cookies we'd like to say that google.com and
1e100.com are under the same control. In general, we want to say that
<x>.ong and <x>.ngo are under the same control for any <x>.

Maybe those are too hard, but I don't want to rule them out until we
understand what the real options are.

R's,
John


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Subject: [dbound] Agenda for IETF 93?
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We've requested an hour for IETF 93.  The week's agenda is under
development now.  We had originally requested 90 minutes but were asked to
scale it back as much as possible because of huge demand this time.

Does anyone have specific agenda items, or documents to discuss?  I'm not
sure how wise it would be to have administrivia at the end and the rest of
the time be unstructured "AOB" discussion.

-MSK, DBOUND co-chair

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div>We&#39;ve requested an hour for IETF 93.=C2=A0 T=
he week&#39;s agenda is under development now.=C2=A0 We had originally requ=
ested 90 minutes but were asked to scale it back as much as possible becaus=
e of huge demand this time.<br><br></div>Does anyone have specific agenda i=
tems, or documents to discuss?=C2=A0 I&#39;m not sure how wise it would be =
to have administrivia at the end and the rest of the time be unstructured &=
quot;AOB&quot; discussion.<br><br></div>-MSK, DBOUND co-chair<br></div>

--047d7bf10a74b52f210518e3d756--


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Subject: Re: [dbound] Suggestion for Prague: let's try to converge on problem(s)
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On Fri, Jun 19, 2015 at 3:08 PM, John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> wrote:

> >> And I am arguing that "a line" is a fundamental mistake.
> >
> >I'm not sure why it is a mistake or why that mistake is fundamental.
>
> Because it's not necessarily a line.  For DMARC, it would be really
> nice if we could say that the policy record for names at and below
> foomail.ca and foocourriel.fr and foopost.de and foomail.co.uk is at
> foomail.com. For cookies we'd like to say that google.com and
> 1e100.com are under the same control. In general, we want to say that
> <x>.ong and <x>.ngo are under the same control for any <x>.
>
> Maybe those are too hard, but I don't want to rule them out until we
> understand what the real options are.
>

For the case you've given, assume "the line" is above all the names.  Can
it tell you anything about their relationships?  No - only that it cannot
repudiate any relationships.  This is why I've repeatedly said that
identifying "the line" is not a stand-alone solution, and why more specific
solutions must be adopted to meet the larger DBOUND question.  That doesn't
mean that "the line" cannot help simplify the description/configuration and
be sufficient for the more common cases (and a sane default when no
configuration is given) .

Casey

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<div dir=3D"ltr">On Fri, Jun 19, 2015 at 3:08 PM, John Levine <span dir=3D"=
ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:johnl@taugh.com" target=3D"_blank">johnl@taugh.c=
om</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_=
quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-=
left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span>&gt;&gt; And I am arguing that =
&quot;a line&quot; is a fundamental mistake.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;I&#39;m not sure why it is a mistake or why that mistake is fundamental=
.<br>
<br>
</span>Because it&#39;s not necessarily a line.=C2=A0 For DMARC, it would b=
e really<br>
nice if we could say that the policy record for names at and below<br>
<a href=3D"http://foomail.ca" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">foomail.=
ca</a> and <a href=3D"http://foocourriel.fr" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_=
blank">foocourriel.fr</a> and <a href=3D"http://foopost.de" rel=3D"noreferr=
er" target=3D"_blank">foopost.de</a> and <a href=3D"http://foomail.co.uk" r=
el=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">foomail.co.uk</a> is at<br>
<a href=3D"http://foomail.com" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">foomail=
.com</a>. For cookies we&#39;d like to say that <a href=3D"http://google.co=
m" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">google.com</a> and<br>
<a href=3D"http://1e100.com" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">1e100.com=
</a> are under the same control. In general, we want to say that<br>
&lt;x&gt;.ong and &lt;x&gt;.ngo are under the same control for any &lt;x&gt=
;.<br>
<br>
Maybe those are too hard, but I don&#39;t want to rule them out until we<br=
>
understand what the real options are.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>F=
or the case you&#39;ve given, assume &quot;the line&quot; is above all the =
names.=C2=A0 Can it tell you anything about their relationships?=C2=A0 No -=
 only that it cannot repudiate any relationships.=C2=A0 This is why I&#39;v=
e repeatedly said that identifying &quot;the line&quot; is not a stand-alon=
e solution, and why more specific solutions must be adopted to meet the lar=
ger DBOUND question.=C2=A0 That doesn&#39;t mean that &quot;the line&quot; =
cannot help simplify the description/configuration and be sufficient for th=
e more common cases (and a sane default when no configuration is given) .<b=
r></div><div><br></div><div>Casey <br></div></div></div></div>

--001a113fc42c13420b0518e42ad2--


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Andrew mentioned "converging on the problem".  Perhaps talking about the
two problem statement drafts could help with that.  I am willing to talk
about my problem/solutions concepts draft.

Casey

On Fri, Jun 19, 2015 at 3:22 PM, Murray S. Kucherawy <superuser@gmail.com>
wrote:

> We've requested an hour for IETF 93.  The week's agenda is under
> development now.  We had originally requested 90 minutes but were asked to
> scale it back as much as possible because of huge demand this time.
>
> Does anyone have specific agenda items, or documents to discuss?  I'm not
> sure how wise it would be to have administrivia at the end and the rest of
> the time be unstructured "AOB" discussion.
>
> -MSK, DBOUND co-chair
>
> _______________________________________________
> dbound mailing list
> dbound@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Andrew mentioned &quot;converging on the problem&quot=
;.=C2=A0 Perhaps talking about the two problem statement drafts could help =
with that.=C2=A0 I am willing to talk about my problem/solutions concepts d=
raft.<br><br></div>Casey<br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=
=3D"gmail_quote">On Fri, Jun 19, 2015 at 3:22 PM, Murray S. Kucherawy <span=
 dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:superuser@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">s=
uperuser@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quot=
e" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">=
<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div>We&#39;ve requested an hour for IETF 93.=C2=A0 T=
he week&#39;s agenda is under development now.=C2=A0 We had originally requ=
ested 90 minutes but were asked to scale it back as much as possible becaus=
e of huge demand this time.<br><br></div>Does anyone have specific agenda i=
tems, or documents to discuss?=C2=A0 I&#39;m not sure how wise it would be =
to have administrivia at the end and the rest of the time be unstructured &=
quot;AOB&quot; discussion.<br><br></div>-MSK, DBOUND co-chair<br></div>
<br>_______________________________________________<br>
dbound mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:dbound@ietf.org">dbound@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound" rel=3D"noreferrer"=
 target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div>

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From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Agenda for IETF 93?
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Sorry for the iPhoney top-post.=20

My view is that we need to come out of Prague with a clear understanding of w=
here the hard questions among us stand.  Are these disagreements over substa=
nce, or just misunderstanding one another's terms?  Bonus if we solve those i=
ssues. But the thrashing out of understanding is ideal in-person stuff. =20

I feel very strongly that we should minimize draft-presentation time and max=
imize issue-discussion time.  I've raised what I think is a fundamental issu=
e on the list.  There may be others, like which possible use cases we want t=
o prioritize, if any.=20

Movement on any of this would, I think, suggest a way forward.

A

--=20
Andrew Sullivan=20
Please excuse my clumbsy thums.=20

> On Jun 19, 2015, at 21:22, Murray S. Kucherawy <superuser@gmail.com> wrote=
:
>=20
> We've requested an hour for IETF 93.  The week's agenda is under developme=
nt now.  We had originally requested 90 minutes but were asked to scale it b=
ack as much as possible because of huge demand this time.
>=20
> Does anyone have specific agenda items, or documents to discuss?  I'm not s=
ure how wise it would be to have administrivia at the end and the rest of th=
e time be unstructured "AOB" discussion.
>=20
> -MSK, DBOUND co-chair
> _______________________________________________
> dbound mailing list
> dbound@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound

