
From nobody Fri Oct  2 14:33:27 2015
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Date: Fri, 2 Oct 2015 17:33:21 -0400
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
To: dbound@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Fw: New Version Notification for draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution-00.txt
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Hi,

On Tue, Sep 29, 2015 at 05:06:23PM +0800, Jiankang Yao wrote:
> Dear all,
> 
>        I submit a draft about dbound solution.
>        any comments are welcome.

Thanks for this contribution.  I've read it, and I have some comments.

It seems to me that this approach is not too dissimilar to a couple of
the earlier approaches I took to the problem.  In
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sullivan-domain-origin-assert-02 I
had two different ways to assert the policy boundaries: either with
names alone, or else with ports and schemes as well.  In
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-sullivan-zone-policy-assertions, I
had a target document that included various policies for the zone.

In draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution, there is a combination of these
approaches, AFAICT, such that either the mechanism can do what the
current SOPA draft offers (the one Jeff and I are working on), or else
you can get a policy document from elsewhere.  The features of the
get-document-from-elsewhere part seem to me to be somewhat
underdefined in the draft, so it's hard to know what is intended for
it, but I suspect it shares the same problem that the
zone-policy-assertions draft I wrote did: you could put more or less
anything in the target policy, so it's nearly impossible to understand
what the effects of this mechanism would be, and the ways to express
the policies need to be well worked out in advance.  RRTYPEs are not
that expensive, so we probably don't need a general-purpose mechanism
here.  So I think the flag field is probably not a good idea in its
own right.  I'm also extremely uncomfortable with an RRTYPE that
includes its own subtyping mechanism, because it isn't clear to me
what an application ought to do in case both types are at the same
owner name (which is certainly legal under the DNS).

The relation field seems unnecessary.  The "ancestry" relationship in
draft-deccio-dbound-name-relationships can be read directly off the
domain name itself, so explicitly including data for it in the DNS
seems wasteful.

The service type field got me into trouble when I tried to do this
with draft-sullivan-domain-origin-assert-02.  There are two reasons.
First, this effectively ties DNS RDATA directly to other services,
whereas we've traditionally used the DNS as a lookup device to find
more stuff.  (SRV and related data types already strain this boundary,
and arguably DANE does too, so maybe it's no big deal.)  The bigger
problem, however, is that it involves a new specification of how to
construct (e.g.) the same-origin rules that is totally incompatible
with existing policy-enforcement deployed code.  As a result, it seems
fantastically unlikely to get deployed.

It also isn't clear whether how the proposal can be used in the
absence of the data: it seems to require a lookup at the time
resources are being used.  Anything that involves additional lookups
in real time will simply not fly: the browsers (and mobile device
people) are terribly sensitive to additional latency, lookups, and so
on.  So it needs to offer a way that existing code that uses a
built-in PSL can work.  I can see how one could construct such a list
with this mechanism, but the addition of the service field means that
it won't be a drop-in replacement.  (Without that service field, as
John Levine already noted, this proposal is no different from the SOPA
type Jeff and I suggested.)

Finally, I _really_ dislike the Expiration and Inception fields.  I
get what they're for, and they're attractive in themselves, but
experience with DNSSEC has shown how hard it is to get such values
right in the presence of caches, propagation times in the DNS, and so
on.  I don't even want to think about the timing considerations of TTL
&& propagation && RRSIG validity && policy validity.  I think they
should be shed.

Best regards,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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From: yaojk <jiankangyao@hotmail.com>
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Date: Sat, 3 Oct 2015 19:10:09 +0800
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Fw: New Version Notification for draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution-00.txt
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Just one comment for now.


On 3October2015Saturday, at 4:10, yaojk <jiankangyao@hotmail.com> wrote:

>=20
>> =D4=DA 2015=C4=EA10=D4=C23=C8=D5=A3=AC05:33=A3=ACAndrew Sullivan =
<ajs@anvilwalrusden.com> =D0=B4=B5=C0=A3=BA
>>=20
>> Hi,
>>=20
>>> On Tue, Sep 29, 2015 at 05:06:23PM +0800, Jiankang Yao wrote:
>>> Dear all,
>>>=20
>>>      I submit a draft about dbound solution.
>>>      any comments are welcome.
>>=20
>=20
>> So I think the flag field is probably not a good idea in its
>> own right.
>=20
> Because there are two kinds of service relationships, one decided by =
the centralized authority such as PSL, the other decided by themselves , =
this flag will indicate that information.

The only two types are me and everyone else.  There is no centralized =
authority per se.   I can serve data authoritatively or I can serve data =
received from others.    The DNSSEC validation model tracks the =
authoritative source of the data.   Given these, I can see no value to =
flags.

/bill=


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>> If I want to say, "all names under example.com are under the same
>> authority", how do I do that?  Do I have to put a DBOUND record at
>> every name that exists at and below example.com?
>
> It is wildcard issue. It is an initial draft, which still does not cover it.

I think you will find that DNS wildcards don't do what you want.  In 
particular, wildcards don't match anywhere that a name exists, even if 
there are no records at that name.  So if you have a wildcard at 
*.example.com with your proposed record, and an A record at 
a.b.example.com, the wildcard will not match a.b.example.com or 
b.example.com.

Andrew's SOPA record has the same problem, you'd need to put a SOPA record 
at every name that exists in the DNS subtree, which would be a very 
difficult provisioning problem.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail.


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Date: 4 Oct 2015 11:44:10 -0400
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From: "John R Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Fw: New Version Notification for draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution-00.txt
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> You do not need put dbound record for every name that exists at or below example.com.
>
> You just need to put 2 records:

> *.example.com dbound example.com
> Example.com dbound *.example.com
>
  When do the DNS resolution for a.b.example.com, it will get the record 
> "*.example.com dbound example.com". Then following the resolution steps 
> in the dbound draft, it can approve that *.example.com and example.com 
> share the same DNS boundaries. So it means that a.b.example.com and 
> b.example.com

DNS wildcards don't work that way.  If there's an A record at 
a.b.example.com, queries for a dbound record at a.b.example.com or at 
b.example.com will return an empty (NOERROR) answer.

See RFC 4592 which explains this in more detail.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail.


From nobody Wed Oct  7 18:00:47 2015
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From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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On Sat, Oct 03, 2015 at 07:10:09PM +0800, yaojk wrote:
> If there is a general mechanism which can works well, why do we refuse it？

I think the point I was trying to make was that I don't think we have
any evidence yet that there _is_ a general mechanism that works well.
In this particular case, I don't think it's specified well enough for
me to evaluate.  But in the case I worked out before, I concluded
pretty quickly that it was too general to be deployable.  That's why I
abandoned that approach.
 
> Because there are two kinds of service relationships, one decided by the centralized authority such as PSL, the other decided by themselves , this flag will indicate that information.
> 

No, I claim these are not two kinds of service relationships.  I think
what Bill said is right.
 
> Some domain names may only share the DNS boundaries for some specific service types such as https service type. So the dbound DNS type is for DNS lookup while the "https " is to confirm that these name will only share the DNS boundaries under the "https" service after the DNS lookup for dbound.
> 

But my point is that this approach is _totally incompatible_ with
everything that people already do in this space.  That was the
feedback I got when I tried the same thing.  It was nearly two years
ago, if I recall correctly, but it was discussed at length both in the
APPSAWG meeting and also on the W3C websec list. 

> It is the program which deal with it. I do not think that there has something unclear.
> 

Yes, it's perfectly clear.  But I claim it's not going to work.

> 
> DNS boundaries issues may be more complicated than what We can imagine. We'd better cover most issues appeared or that will appear.
> 

If you can show a use case, I'll be interested.  I'm not partial to
solutions to problems we can't describe because we haven't imagined
them yet.  We have problems we can describe: let's solve those.

> 
> If the simple solution can solve everything, that is ok.  If DNS boundaries issue is too complex, we might have to need a complex one.
> 

But the inception and expiration fields are terribly dangerous, as
already demonstrated by DNSSEC.  You need to show why they're needed.

A
-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


From nobody Thu Oct  8 12:20:09 2015
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Date: Thu, 8 Oct 2015 15:20:01 -0400
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Subject: [dbound] on "control"
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Hi,

The glossary at
http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/dbound/trac/wiki/Glossary has this:

Control:: (as in "Is domain X under the same control as domain Y")

There are really two different kinds of control here, though, and I
think it's important to make the distinction.  By making this
distinction, I think we reveal something about use cases.  That might
lead us to a solution.

It seems to me that one kind of relationship we want is very close to
what's said above: for any two domain names n1 and n2, in policy terms
is effective control of the domain such that Cn1 == Cn2?  This needs
to be a two-way relationship: n1 should assert that it is in the same
policy realm as n2, and conversely.  If not, then they do not really
share the policy realm.  (I can think of relationships that are
trickier, but they seem to me to be at least problematic.)  This
approach is waht the SOPA record was supposed to do: it asserts the
Start Of Policy Authority, thereby giving us a place to found our
policy-based assertions about how things are grouped together.  As a
happy side effect, we also get a way to disclaim _any_ such bilateral
relationship because you can publish a SOPA record that names the null
set.  This is what "public suffix" domains should do.  Note that this
style of policy is permissive.  It assumes that descendent domains may
have all manner of important relationships between them, and that they
do not implicate the ancestor.

But this does not solve the problem where an ancestor name asserts a
policy by fiat: any delegation I make is required to behave by my
policy, so I can assert that policy and thereby impose it on the
delegated names.  Now, it seems to me that the use cases here come
from the _consumers_ of the data.  Mail administrative domains, for
instance, want to be able to assert their mail policies, and consumers
of the data want to be able to find that assertion point in the tree
because it's the point beyond which they don't have to search.  It's
not necessary for the operator of the domain to use the mechanism to
enforce anything, because the policy is impermissive: it says that
anyone outside the policy is not conforming to the rules for creation
of that descendent domain.  If it were important for the ancestor to
enforce this, it would be simple: delete the domain or delegation.
Instead, this is a way for the ancestor to tell _others_ about the
ancestor policies, so that those others can simply impose the policy
on communications from the descendent.

I think therefore that it would be ok to have two different mechanisms
for these two styles of thing, because the party relying on the
mechanism knows which style of thing it needs.  So it will use the
appropriate mechanism to get the information it needs.

Therefore, it seems to me that we could cover the two different use
cases by refining the SOPA record Jeff and I have already proposed,
and then adding a different mechanism for the second style of problem.
We could call this second case "Parent-Imposed Policy Assertion" (or
PIPA for a nmemonic.  Yes, this tickles me slightly).  The PIPA RR
would in effect assert that it has policy rules that bind descendents.

I am sensitive here to the point that Jiankang Yao made, in that this
is quite a blunt instrument.  In particular, it's not too hard to
imagine cases where one would want a PIPA RR to cover one case and not
another.  One solution for this would be to use a policy document
target along the lines of draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution, but I tend to
feel that's a little complicated.  Moreover, it doesn't follow the
approach already being used by code already deployed.  As I understand
it, that code finds the last point in the public suffix graph that is
an ancestor to the domain name under consideration, moves one label
deeper in the DNS graph, and then uses that as the effective point for
policy.  The same result could be achieved by looking for the last
null-target SOPA record and then searching down the tree for a PIPA
RR, only it would provide greater accuracy.  So I think that the blunt
instrument is sharp enough for what we need.

I'd be interested in people's thoughts about this.  If it seems worth
doing, Jeff and I can update the sopa draft to include this approach.

Best regards,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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Subject: Re: [dbound] on "control"
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>But this does not solve the problem where an ancestor name asserts a
>policy by fiat: any delegation I make is required to behave by my
>policy, so I can assert that policy and thereby impose it on the
>delegated names.

For DMARC, at least, it's not imposed, it's a default.  If
foo.bar.example.com doesn't have its own _dmarc record, it falls back
to the one for example.com.  This is to avoid the SOPA problem of
having to put a record at every point in the subtree.

I can't offhand think of a scenario in which a domain imposes a policy
on an unwilling descendant other than the implicit "not the same as
me" policy of a public suffix cut point.

R's,
John


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Date: Thu, 8 Oct 2015 16:04:04 -0400
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
To: dbound@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dbound] on "control"
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On Thu, Oct 08, 2015 at 07:59:08PM -0000, John Levine wrote:
> For DMARC, at least, it's not imposed, it's a default.  If
> foo.bar.example.com doesn't have its own _dmarc record, it falls back
> to the one for example.com.  This is to avoid the SOPA problem of
> having to put a record at every point in the subtree.

Yes, I skipped over the part where you looked at the name itself, for
simplicity's sake.  That part is irrelevant to this discussion because
in that case _no_ policy-finding mechanism is going to be invoked.
 
> I can't offhand think of a scenario in which a domain imposes a policy
> on an unwilling descendant other than the implicit "not the same as
> me" policy of a public suffix cut point.

In every DMARC case where the descendant doesn't have a _dmarc record,
it gets such a policy.  (It's not "unwilling" but "indeterminate
willingness".  The thing is that you don't care what the willingness
is, because in the absence of data some other policy gets used.)

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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From: Casey Deccio <casey@deccio.net>
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Subject: Re: [dbound] on "control"
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--001a113f7a9266c9e905219db20e
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Hi Andrew,

On Thu, Oct 8, 2015 at 3:20 PM, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
wrote:

> Control:: (as in "Is domain X under the same control as domain Y")
>
>
While this was one of the "questions" that were posed for discussion prior
to the DBOUND WG meeting in Prague, it seems to me to be fairly high level
and the least grounded in an actual application problem.  I'm not saying
that it's not worth consideration, but if I had to prioritize the
questions, this one comes after others that stem from current application
needs (e.g., HTTP cookies, DMARC, etc.).


> Therefore, it seems to me that we could cover the two different use
> cases by refining the SOPA record Jeff and I have already proposed,
> and then adding a different mechanism for the second style of problem.
> We could call this second case "Parent-Imposed Policy Assertion" (or
> PIPA for a nmemonic.  Yes, this tickles me slightly).  The PIPA RR
> would in effect assert that it has policy rules that bind descendents.
>

In general, think you're right - that there are two broad categories of the
problem: identifying policy relationships between a domain name and its
ancestor or descendant; and identifying policy relationships between two
domain names that are not ancestrally related.  This sentiment was
expressed at the DBOUND WG meeting in Prague.  I also had with the
impression from the WG discussion that the two should be considered
separately and that the former was the more pressing than the latter.

My focus as of late has been the former, and I have a draft that will be
submitted soon on that topic--probably Monday.

Casey

--001a113f7a9266c9e905219db20e
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<div dir=3D"ltr">Hi Andrew,<br><div><br>On Thu, Oct 8, 2015 at 3:20 PM, And=
rew Sullivan <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.com=
" target=3D"_blank">ajs@anvilwalrusden.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div cl=
ass=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_q=
uote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1e=
x">Control:: (as in &quot;Is domain X under the same control as domain Y&qu=
ot;)<br>
<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>While this was one of the &quot;questi=
ons&quot; that were posed for discussion prior to the DBOUND WG meeting in =
Prague, it seems to me to be fairly high level and the least grounded in an=
 actual application problem.=C2=A0 I&#39;m not saying that it&#39;s not wor=
th consideration, but if I had to prioritize the questions, this one comes =
after others that stem from current application needs (e.g., HTTP cookies, =
DMARC, etc.).<br></div><div>=C2=A0<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quot=
e" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Therefore, it seems to me that we could cover the two different use<br>
cases by refining the SOPA record Jeff and I have already proposed,<br>
and then adding a different mechanism for the second style of problem.<br>
We could call this second case &quot;Parent-Imposed Policy Assertion&quot; =
(or<br>
PIPA for a nmemonic.=C2=A0 Yes, this tickles me slightly).=C2=A0 The PIPA R=
R<br>
would in effect assert that it has policy rules that bind descendents.<br><=
/blockquote><div><br></div><div>In general, think you&#39;re right - that t=
here are two broad categories of the problem: identifying policy relationsh=
ips between a domain name and its ancestor or descendant; and identifying p=
olicy relationships between two domain names that are not ancestrally relat=
ed.=C2=A0 This sentiment was expressed at the DBOUND WG meeting in Prague.=
=C2=A0 I also had with the impression from the WG discussion that the two s=
hould be considered separately and that the former was the more pressing th=
an the latter.<br><br></div><div>My focus as of late has been the former, a=
nd I have a draft that will be submitted soon on that topic--probably Monda=
y.<br><br></div><div>Casey<br></div></div></div></div></div>

--001a113f7a9266c9e905219db20e--


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On Thu 2015-10-08 15:59:08 -0400, John Levine wrote:
> I can't offhand think of a scenario in which a domain imposes a policy
> on an unwilling descendant other than the implicit "not the same as
> me" policy of a public suffix cut point.

It's not currently in the DNS, but HSTS's includeSubdomains flag seems
to impose a policy on the entire subtree that a descendent should not be
allowed to override.

        --dkg


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> It's not currently in the DNS, but HSTS's includeSubdomains flag seems
> to impose a policy on the entire subtree that a descendent should not be
> allowed to override.

Good catch.  I missed that.  But when I look at the spec, that bit seems 
sort of half hearted.  They note that if a client fetches www.example.com, 
and there's an includeSubdomains flag at example.com, the client will only 
apply the policy it's previously cached example.com, which as likely as 
not it hasn't.

I don't see this as a strong argument either way for overridable or 
non-overridable assertions about subdomains.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
Please consider the environment before reading this e-mail.


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Date: Fri, 9 Oct 2015 11:59:33 -0400
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
To: dbound@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dbound] on "control"
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On Fri, Oct 09, 2015 at 10:50:18AM -0400, John R Levine wrote:
> I don't see this as a strong argument either way for overridable or
> non-overridable assertions about subdomains.

Since we appear to have a small number of cases where ancestor
policies are in some ways inherited down the tree, I think we need
some more clarity here.

It seems to me the case that was important to John and which argued
against the SOPA approach was the DMARC one.  In that case, as I
understand it, the idea is to find the last point of public/private
split in the path from the root to the target domain, and use that.
This only kicks in where the target domain itself has not published a
record.  If the domain _has_ published a record, then the search
doesn't happen.  But if it has not, then you need a way to find a
policy to inherit.

In a case where the ancestor were imposing policy _regardless_ of what
the descendent did, the search effort would I think have to be the
same.  It's just that there would not be the first step of determining
policy at the target name in the first place.

Therefore, I claim, the two cases collapse to one, because once you're
in the mode of looking for some overriding ancestor policy (however
you got into that mode), you're looking for the same thing.

Does that make sense?

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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>Therefore, I claim, the two cases collapse to one, because once you're
>in the mode of looking for some overriding ancestor policy (however
>you got into that mode), you're looking for the same thing.
>
>Does that make sense?

Pretty much.  The code is nearly the same, only difference is whether
you always look for an ancestor or only if you didn't find something
locally.

R's,
John


From nobody Mon Oct 12 08:28:03 2015
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  =20
>=20
> If you can show a use case, I'll be interested.  I'm not partial to
> solutions to problems we can't describe because we haven't imagined
> them yet.  We have problems we can describe: let's solve those.
>=20
>>=20
>> If the simple solution can solve everything, that is ok.  If DNS boundari=
es issue is too complex, we might have to need a complex one.
>=20
> But the inception and expiration fields are terribly dangerous, as
> already demonstrated by DNSSEC.  You need to show why they're needed.



For example, a user has 2 domain names, a.com and a.net which have applied C=
A certificates with some expired date. The user would like to configure the s=
ame DNS boundaries for these domain names under the https service during the=
 validity period of CA certificates.
The valid period is from the maximum (inception of both domain name certific=
ates) to minimum (expiration of both domain name certificates)


>=20
> A
> --=20
> Andrew Sullivan
> ajs@anvilwalrusden.com
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> dbound mailing list
> dbound@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dbound


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<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-=
BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; PADDING-LEFT: =
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<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12px; BACKGROUND: #efefef; COLOR: #000000; PADDING-BOT=
TOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 8px; PADDING-RIGHT: 8px">
<DIV><B>From:</B>&nbsp;<A href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.com">Andrew=20
Sullivan</A></DIV>
<DIV><B>Date:</B>&nbsp;2015-10-08&nbsp;09:00</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B>&nbsp;<A href=3D"mailto:dbound@ietf.org">dbound</A></DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B>&nbsp;Re: [dbound] Fw: New Version Notification for=20
draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution-00.txt</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;Because&nbsp;there&nbsp;are&nbsp;two&nbsp;kinds&nbsp;of=
&nbsp;service&nbsp;relationships,&nbsp;one&nbsp;decided&nbsp;by&nbsp;the&n=
bsp;centralized&nbsp;authority&nbsp;such&nbsp;as&nbsp;PSL,&nbsp;the&nbsp;o=
ther&nbsp;decided&nbsp;by&nbsp;themselves&nbsp;,&nbsp;this&nbsp;flag&nbsp;=
will&nbsp;indicate&nbsp;that&nbsp;information.</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;No,&nbsp;I&nbsp;claim&nbsp;these&nbsp;are&nbsp;not&nbsp;two&nbsp;=
kinds&nbsp;of&nbsp;service&nbsp;relationships.&nbsp;&nbsp;I&nbsp;think</DI=
V>
<DIV>&gt;what&nbsp;Bill&nbsp;said&nbsp;is&nbsp;right.</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>Now, with the new gTLD program, it is very likely that a company appl=
ies=20
some names from different gTLD for the same purposes.</DIV>
<DIV>if one company has dozens&nbsp;of domain names which are supposed to =
share=20
the same dns boundaries, for example, domain anmes, n1, n2, n3, n4, n5,=20
......,</DIV>
<DIV>if there are centralized mechanism, the dns administrators&nbsp;might=
=20
need&nbsp;hundreds of DNS SOPA&nbsp;records for constructing <SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">pairwise relationship betwe=
en any 2=20
of these&nbsp; dozens&nbsp;of domain names.</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">configuration=20
examples:</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n1--&gt;n2</SPAN=
></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n1--&gt;n3</SPAN=
></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n1--&gt;n4</SPAN></SPAN></D=
IV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n1--&gt;n5</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">......</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>=
</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n2--&gt;n1</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n2--&gt;n3</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n2--&gt;n4</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n2--&gt;n5</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">........</SPAN></SPAN></SPA=
N></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n3--&gt;n1</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n3--&gt;n2</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n3--&gt;n4</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN 
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n3--&gt;n5</SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">.......</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN=
></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN=
></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN=
></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">if there is a centralized=20
mechanism, all these domain names n1, n2, n3, n4,n5 may agree to get the s=
ame=20
policy from PSL or some some private URL (controlled by the comany=20
itself).</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n1, n2, n3, n4,n5 may use o=
ne dns=20
record to point to PSL or private URL where some policy information is=20
available.</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN=
></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n1--&gt;URL</SPAN></SPAN></=
SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n2--&gt;URL</SPAN></SPAN></=
SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN=
></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n3--&gt;URL</SPAN></SPAN></=
SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN=
></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight">n4--&gt;URL</SPAN></SPAN></=
SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN=
></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></S=
PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>=
</SPAN></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN=
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PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>=
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AN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><=
/SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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PAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>=
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AN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><=
/SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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Yao</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN><=
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PAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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class=3D"op_dict3_font24 op_dict3_marginRight"><SPAN=20
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AN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>&nbsp;</=
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From nobody Tue Oct 13 06:28:45 2015
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From: Casey Deccio <casey@deccio.net>
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Subject: [dbound] draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy-00
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For your review, I've submitted the following I-D.

Regards,
Casey


Name:        draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy
Revision:    00
Title:        Organizational Domains and Use Policies for Domain Names
Document date:    2015-10-13
Group:        Individual Submission
Pages:        18
URL:
https://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy-00.txt
Status:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy/
Htmlized:
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy-00


Abstract:
  Various Internet protocols and applications require some mechanism
  for identifying policy surrounding the use Domain Name System (DNS)
  names.  In this document we describe an extensible system in which
  domain name policies can be discovered at various levels in the DNS
  tree.

--047d7bdca04068b0e10521fc6c4a
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div>For your review, I&#39;ve submitted the followin=
g I-D.<br><br></div>Regards,<br></div>Casey<br><div><div><div><div><br><br>=
Name:=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 draft-deccio-dbound-organization=
al-domain-policy<br>Revision:=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 00<br>Title:=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 Organizational Domains and Use Policies for Domain N=
ames <br>Document date:=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 2015-10-13<br>Group:=C2=A0=C2=A0=
=C2=A0 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 Individual Submission<br>Pages:=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 =C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 18<br>URL:=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=
=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 <a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft=
-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy-00.txt">https://www.ietf.org/in=
ternet-drafts/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy-00.txt</a><b=
r>Status:=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 <a href=3D"https:=
//datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy=
/">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-doma=
in-policy/</a><br>Htmlized:=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 <a href=3D"=
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-polic=
y-00">https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain=
-policy-00</a><br><br><br>Abstract:<br>=C2=A0 Various Internet protocols an=
d applications require some mechanism<br>=C2=A0 for identifying policy surr=
ounding the use Domain Name System (DNS)<br>=C2=A0 names.=C2=A0 In this doc=
ument we describe an extensible system in which<br>=C2=A0 domain name polic=
ies can be discovered at various levels in the DNS<br>=C2=A0 tree.<br><br><=
/div></div></div></div></div>

--047d7bdca04068b0e10521fc6c4a--


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_______________________________________________
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From nobody Tue Oct 13 07:34:47 2015
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Date: Tue, 13 Oct 2015 10:34:40 -0400
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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Subject: Re: [dbound] Fw: New Version Notification for draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution-00.txt
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On Mon, Oct 12, 2015 at 11:37:36PM +0800, yaojk wrote:
> For example, a user has 2 domain names, a.com and a.net which have applied CA certificates with some expired date. The user would like to configure the same DNS boundaries for these domain names under the https service during the validity period of CA certificates.
> The valid period is from the maximum (inception of both domain name certificates) to minimum (expiration of both domain name certificates)
> 

I was afraid you were claiming something like that.  I don't think
this mechanism should be attempting to override anything from the
X.509 certificate and I think if we try that we are bound to make
things much more fragile.  The expiry times are already part of the
certificates.  Don't try to do something tricky with that via the DNS.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


From nobody Tue Oct 13 07:37:44 2015
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Date: Tue, 13 Oct 2015 10:37:39 -0400
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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On Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 11:47:56AM +0800, Jiankang Yao wrote:
> if there are centralized mechanism, the dns administrators might need hundreds of DNS SOPA records for constructing pairwise relationship between any 2 of these  dozens of domain names.

I suspect that "hundreds" is overstating the case (if we really have
hundreds of such names, it's pretty clear the DNS is finished anyway),
but yes.  That is the sort of trivial thing that an uncomplicated
script in Python or something similar can handle, and it allows
pairwise checking that both sides of the relationship agree.

> if there is a centralized mechanism, all these domain names n1, n2, n3, n4,n5 may agree to get the same policy from PSL or some some private URL (controlled by the comany itself).

If you really want the URI approach, then I think you should ditch
other mechanisms instead.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


From nobody Tue Oct 13 09:21:57 2015
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From: Casey Deccio <casey@deccio.net>
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On Tue, Sep 29, 2015 at 5:06 AM, Jiankang Yao <yaojk@cnnic.cn> wrote:

>        I submit a draft about dbound solution.
>        any comments are welcome.
>
> Thanks for the submission.  I have read the draft and provide comments
below.

General - One of the challenges I have in following this is with lack of
use cases, including how this mechanism applies to those cases.  Several
concrete uses of the PSL are documented elsewhere, and those would be a
starting point.  It is hard to tell what this adds without those cases.

Expiration/Inception - as others have expressed, this is entirely
unnecessary and simply adds complexity.  Expiration and inception in DNSSEC
are to prevent replay, but in this context, the issue seems to be more
about convenience.  The records could just be added and removed at the
desired time to have the same effect.

Relation - draft-deccio-dbound-name-relationships-00 (referenced) does
indeed mention two types of relationships, but the point of that
distinction was to divide the problem space, not to indicate that those
relationship types needed to be identified explicitly in a solution.  In
fact, ancestral relationships are identified simply by comparing two
names--that exists inherently in the DNS (and it is noted in the referenced
relationships draft).  The policy relationship is what is undefined,
whether two names are already ancestrally related or not. This field
therefore is unnecessary and potentially problematic.  How would you
anticipate it being used?

Target names - the PSL is used as an example for a service location example
of the Target Name field.  I'm not sure exactly what that means.  The PSL
only indicates boundaries, not relationships.  That is, it cannot confirm
relationships, only repudiate them.  It seems to me that perhaps this was
an attempt to leverage an existing technology for backwards compatibility,
but the PSL simply doesn't provide the same type of service as what I think
you are trying to provide otherwise.

Administrative boundary - the term "administrative boundary" seems to take
the place of "relationship" later in the text.  There subtle distinctions
between boundaries and relationships.  For example, there is a reference on
page to knowing "whether two names A and B share the same administrative
boundary".  I suppose I'm still thinking of boundaries in the namespace
here, in which case two names might be "policy-related", but they might not
"share" boundaries.   In any case it is not clear what is being
referenced.  Examples would be very helpful for clarity.

Regards,
Casey

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<div dir=3D"ltr">On Tue, Sep 29, 2015 at 5:06 AM, Jiankang Yao <span dir=3D=
"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:yaojk@cnnic.cn" target=3D"_blank">yaojk@cnnic.c=
n</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_q=
uote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;b=
order-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><u></u>





<div style=3D"margin:10px">=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 I submit a =
draft about dbound=20
solution.
<div>=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 any comments are welcome.</div><b=
r></div></blockquote>Thanks for the submission.=C2=A0 I have read the draft=
 and provide comments below.<br><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote">Genera=
l - One of the challenges I have in following this is with lack of use case=
s, including how this mechanism applies to those cases.=C2=A0 Several concr=
ete uses of the PSL are documented elsewhere, and those would be a starting=
 point.=C2=A0 It is hard to tell what this adds without those cases.<br><br=
></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote">Expiration/Inception - as others have exp=
ressed, this is entirely unnecessary and simply adds complexity.=C2=A0 Expi=
ration and inception in DNSSEC are to prevent replay, but in this context, =
the issue seems to be more about convenience.=C2=A0 The records could just =
be added and removed at the desired time to have the same effect.<br><br></=
div><div class=3D"gmail_quote">Relation - draft-deccio-dbound-name-relation=
ships-00 (referenced) does indeed mention two types of relationships, but t=
he point of that distinction was to divide the problem space, not to indica=
te that those relationship types needed to be identified explicitly in a so=
lution.=C2=A0 In fact, ancestral relationships are identified simply by com=
paring two names--that exists inherently in the DNS (and it is noted in the=
 referenced relationships draft).=C2=A0 The policy relationship is what is =
undefined, whether two names are already ancestrally related or not. This f=
ield therefore is unnecessary and potentially problematic.=C2=A0 How would =
you anticipate it being used?<br><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote">Targe=
t names - the PSL is used as an example for a service location example of t=
he Target Name field.=C2=A0 I&#39;m not sure exactly what that means.=C2=A0=
 The PSL only indicates boundaries, not relationships.=C2=A0 That is, it ca=
nnot confirm relationships, only repudiate them.=C2=A0 It seems to me that =
perhaps this was an attempt to leverage an existing technology for backward=
s compatibility, but the PSL simply doesn&#39;t provide the same type of se=
rvice as what I think you are trying to provide otherwise.<br><br></div><di=
v class=3D"gmail_quote">Administrative boundary - the term &quot;administra=
tive boundary&quot; seems to take the place of &quot;relationship&quot; lat=
er in the text.=C2=A0 There subtle distinctions between boundaries and rela=
tionships.=C2=A0 For example, there is a reference on page to knowing &quot=
;whether two names A and B share the same administrative boundary&quot;.=C2=
=A0 I suppose I&#39;m still thinking of boundaries in the namespace here, i=
n which case two names might be &quot;policy-related&quot;, but they might =
not &quot;share&quot; boundaries. =C2=A0 In any case it is not clear what i=
s being referenced.=C2=A0 Examples would be very helpful for clarity.<br><b=
r></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote">Regards,<br></div><div class=3D"gmail_qu=
ote">Casey<br></div></div></div>

--001a1135ed32d8f8100521fed717--


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From: "Jiankang Yao" <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
To: "Andrew Sullivan" <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>,  dbound <dbound@ietf.org>
References: <2015092917052161861514@cnnic.cn> <20151002213320.GN91013@anvilwalrusden.com> <SNT407-EAS425D4083A70795C0D1AC722B74A0@phx.gbl> <20151008010037.GI1389@mx2.yitter.info> <2015101311474918524028@cnnic.cn>,  <20151013143739.GH25369@mx2.yitter.info>
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<BODY style=3D"MARGIN: 10px">
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-=
BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; PADDING-LEFT: =
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TOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 8px; PADDING-RIGHT: 8px">
<DIV><B>From:</B>&nbsp;<A href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.com">Andrew=20
Sullivan</A></DIV>
<DIV><B>Date:</B>&nbsp;2015-10-13&nbsp;22:37</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B>&nbsp;<A href=3D"mailto:dbound@ietf.org">dbound</A></DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B>&nbsp;Re: [dbound] Fw: New Version Notification for=20
draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution-00.txt</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>&gt;&gt;On&nbsp;Tue,&nbsp;Oct&nbsp;13,&nbsp;2015&nbsp;at&nbsp;11:47:5=
6AM&nbsp;+0800,&nbsp;Jiankang&nbsp;Yao&nbsp;wrote:</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;&gt;&nbsp;if&nbsp;there&nbsp;are&nbsp;no=20
centralized&nbsp;mechanism,&nbsp;the&nbsp;dns&nbsp;administrators&nbsp;mig=
ht&nbsp;need&nbsp;hundreds&nbsp;of&nbsp;DNS&nbsp;SOPA&nbsp;records&nbsp;fo=
r&nbsp;constructing&nbsp;pairwise&nbsp;relationship&nbsp;between&nbsp;any&=
nbsp;2&nbsp;of&nbsp;these&nbsp;&nbsp;dozens&nbsp;of&nbsp;domain&nbsp;names=
.</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;I&nbsp;suspect&nbsp;that&nbsp;"hundreds"&nbsp;is&nbsp;overstating=
&nbsp;the&nbsp;case&nbsp;(if&nbsp;we&nbsp;really&nbsp;have</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;hundreds&nbsp;of&nbsp;such&nbsp;names,&nbsp;it's&nbsp;pretty&nbsp=
;clear&nbsp;the&nbsp;DNS&nbsp;is&nbsp;finished&nbsp;anyway),</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>&gt;</DIV>
<DIV>you may mis-understand it here.</DIV>
<DIV>I mean that we need to configure hundreds of DNS records instead of=20
hundreds of names.</DIV>
<DIV>For a number of N domain names, we need to configure (N-1) dns record=
s for=20
each domain name.</DIV>
<DIV>so for a&nbsp;number of N domain names which need to be configured to=
 share=20
the same dns administrative boundaries, there&nbsp;might have N(N-1)&nbsp;=
DNS=20
records in total.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>for 10 domain names, there need 10*(10-1)=3D90 DNS records</DIV>
<DIV>for 20 domain names, there need 20*(20-1)=3D380 DNS records</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN>Jiankang </SPAN></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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To: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
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On Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 7:37 AM, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
wrote:

> On Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 11:47:56AM +0800, Jiankang Yao wrote:
> > if there are centralized mechanism, the dns administrators might need
> hundreds of DNS SOPA records for constructing pairwise relationship between
> any 2 of these  dozens of domain names.
>
> I suspect that "hundreds" is overstating the case (if we really have
> hundreds of such names, it's pretty clear the DNS is finished anyway),
>

All of the companies that I have worked with and for (except for when the
internet was really small) have had hundreds or thousands of domains. Many
are defensive, but still it's pretty standard these days and it does not
seem to be stressing the DNS beyond the limits of reason.

--Kurt Andersen

--001a11c148245bf777052206e918
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<div dir=3D"ltr">On Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 7:37 AM, Andrew Sullivan <span dir=
=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.com" target=3D"_blank">aj=
s@anvilwalrusden.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><d=
iv class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:=
0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=3D"">On=
 Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 11:47:56AM +0800, Jiankang Yao wrote:<br>
&gt; if there are centralized mechanism, the dns administrators might need =
hundreds of DNS SOPA records for constructing pairwise relationship between=
 any 2 of these=C2=A0 dozens of domain names.<br>
<br>
</span>I suspect that &quot;hundreds&quot; is overstating the case (if we r=
eally have<br>
hundreds of such names, it&#39;s pretty clear the DNS is finished anyway),<=
br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>All of the companies that I have worked=
 with and for (except for when the internet was really small) have had hund=
reds or thousands of domains. Many are defensive, but still it&#39;s pretty=
 standard these days and it does not seem to be stressing the DNS beyond th=
e limits of reason.<br><br></div><div>--Kurt Andersen <br></div></div><br><=
/div></div>

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On Wed, Oct 14, 2015 at 09:13:19AM +0800, Jiankang Yao wrote:
> >I suspect that "hundreds" is overstating the case (if we really have
> >hundreds of such names, it's pretty clear the DNS is finished anyway),
> >
> >
> you may mis-understand it here.

No.

> I mean that we need to configure hundreds of DNS records instead of hundreds of names.

Yes.  But why would anyone have even 10s of names that share a
boundary this way?  In the SOPA draft, if you're just trying to say
"I'm a public suffix" you can say that without a two-way relationship.

> For a number of N domain names, we need to configure (N-1) dns records for each domain name.

But if N isn't a small number, I claim, the mechanism will be useless
as a foundation for security policy anyway.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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On Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 06:59:23PM -0700, Kurt Andersen (b) wrote:
> All of the companies that I have worked with and for (except for when the
> internet was really small) have had hundreds or thousands of domains. Many
> are defensive, but still it's pretty standard these days and it does not
> seem to be stressing the DNS beyond the limits of reason.

Sure, but most of them are in fact parked.  They don't need this
mechanism at all.

If you actually needed to operate even dozens of web servers as though
they were tightly linked to one another, it'd be a pain.  If you
actually just redirect them all to the same place, I can't see why
you'd need the mechanism.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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On Wed, Oct 14, 2015 at 11:30 AM, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@anvilwalrusden.com>
wrote:

> On Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 06:59:23PM -0700, Kurt Andersen (b) wrote:
> > All of the companies that I have worked with and for (except for when the
> > internet was really small) have had hundreds or thousands of domains.
> Many
> > are defensive, but still it's pretty standard these days and it does not
> > seem to be stressing the DNS beyond the limits of reason.
>
> Sure, but most of them are in fact parked.  They don't need this
> mechanism at all.
>
> If you actually needed to operate even dozens of web servers as though
> they were tightly linked to one another, it'd be a pain.  If you
> actually just redirect them all to the same place, I can't see why
> you'd need the mechanism.
>

Sadly, some of the companies thought that using a vanity domain for every
product (both web and email) was a good idea :-(

--Kurt

--001a113a5d523a133405221526fc
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">On Wed, Oct 14, 2015 at 11:30 AM, Andrew Sullivan <span di=
r=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ajs@anvilwalrusden.com" target=3D"_blank">a=
js@anvilwalrusden.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><=
div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin=
:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=3D"">O=
n Tue, Oct 13, 2015 at 06:59:23PM -0700, Kurt Andersen (b) wrote:<br>
&gt; All of the companies that I have worked with and for (except for when =
the<br>
&gt; internet was really small) have had hundreds or thousands of domains. =
Many<br>
&gt; are defensive, but still it&#39;s pretty standard these days and it do=
es not<br>
&gt; seem to be stressing the DNS beyond the limits of reason.<br>
<br>
</span>Sure, but most of them are in fact parked.=C2=A0 They don&#39;t need=
 this<br>
mechanism at all.<br>
<br>
If you actually needed to operate even dozens of web servers as though<br>
they were tightly linked to one another, it&#39;d be a pain.=C2=A0 If you<b=
r>
actually just redirect them all to the same place, I can&#39;t see why<br>
you&#39;d need the mechanism.<br>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Sadly, some of the companies thought that =
using a vanity domain for every product (both web and email) was a good ide=
a :-(<br><br></div><div>--Kurt <br></div></div><br></div></div>

--001a113a5d523a133405221526fc--


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From nobody Mon Oct 19 09:02:17 2015
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Hi,

On Fri, Oct 09, 2015 at 11:59:33AM -0400, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> 
> Therefore, I claim, the two cases collapse to one, because once you're
> in the mode of looking for some overriding ancestor policy (however
> you got into that mode), you're looking for the same thing.
> 
> Does that make sense?

I didn't get the impression people thought this was nuts.  I admit
that I think it is quite unlikely I will get the update done today
before the deadline, however.  My apologies.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@anvilwalrusden.com


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<BODY class=3Dhmmessage style=3D"MARGIN: 10px">
<DIV>Hello,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Do we have a meeting agenda for Japan ietf=20
meeting?</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp; I would like to introduce this new mechanism during the=20
meeting if chairs can allocate 5 or 10 minutes to me.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; thanks.</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<HR style=3D"HEIGHT: 1px; WIDTH: 210px" align=3Dleft color=3D#b5c4df SIZE=
=3D1>

<DIV><SPAN>Jiankang Yao</SPAN></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV=20
style=3D"BORDER-TOP: #b5c4df 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-=
BOTTOM: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-TOP: 3pt; PADDING-LEFT: =
0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm">
<DIV=20
style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12px; BACKGROUND: #efefef; COLOR: #000000; PADDING-BOT=
TOM: 8px; PADDING-TOP: 8px; PADDING-LEFT: 8px; PADDING-RIGHT: 8px">
<DIV><B>=B7=A2=BC=FE=C8=CB=A3=BA</B>&nbsp;<A href=3D"mailto:jiankangyao@ho=
tmail.com">yaojk</A></DIV>
<DIV><B>=B7=A2=CB=CD=CA=B1=BC=E4=A3=BA</B>&nbsp;2015-10-16&nbsp;23:43</DIV=
>
<DIV><B>=CA=D5=BC=FE=C8=CB=A3=BA</B>&nbsp;<A href=3D"mailto:dbound@ietf.or=
g">dbound@ietf.org</A></DIV>
<DIV><B>=D6=F7=CC=E2=A3=BA</B>&nbsp;[dbound] a proposed new mechanism</DIV=
></DIV></DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV class=3DFoxDiv20151026133017106682>
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<DIV dir=3Dltr>Dear all,<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;After following th=
e=20
discussion in the WG discussion list, a new mechanism is proposed in the s=
ection=20
6.1 for discussion=20
in<BR>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-yao-dbound-dns-solution-01<BR><BR>=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;There=20
will have a new dbound RR whose RDATA includs Flag and Anchor=20
Name.<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; The main idea is to add an anchor n=
ame=20
(middleman or middle domain name). Those domain names which are supposed t=
o=20
share the same dns administrative boundaries will point to the same anchor=
 name=20
(FQDN) with the flag's value of 1;<BR>Those domain names which are suppose=
d to=20
share the same dns administrative boundaries through PSL will point to the=
 PSL=20
link with the flag's value of 0; The anchor name can point to name collect=
ions=20
wich are supposed to share the same DNS administrative boundaries with the=
=20
flag's value of 2.<BR><BR>The new mechanism will also work for wildcard=20
name.<BR><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; There are some examples to show how it works in =
the=20
section=20
6.1&nbsp;&nbsp;in<BR>https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-yao-dbound-dns-solu=
tion-01<BR><BR>If=20
possible, I would like to introduce this new mechanism in Yokohoma IETF=20
meeting.<BR><BR>If the solution is reasonable, I will detail the design in=
 a new=20
draft.<BR><BR>thanks.<BR><BR>Jiankang=20
Yao<BR><BR><BR><BR></DIV></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: [dbound] Minutes, milestones, and meeting
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I've been reviewing the IETF93 DBOUND WG meeting minutes [1] in preparation
for the IETF 94 meeting.  Some thoughts follow.

There was discussion in the meeting about the subdivisions of the problem,
specifically identifying (or repudiating) relationships for names that are
ancestrally related (hierarchical relationships) vs. for those that are not
(cross-domain relationships).  There was agreement that both should be
addressed (confirmed with a hum in the room), but there was some sentiment
expressed that they might best be considered separately and that the
hierarchically related aspect should be considered first.  One of the
reasons for that was that was to avoid blocking solution of one problem by
waiting on a one-size-fits-all solution.

Among the actions from the last meeting were to revise some of the
questions fundamental to the problem statement, flesh out terminology in a
glossary, and develop revised milestones based on the WG discussions.
While there has been some discussion on the list directly or indirectly
addressing these, it seems to me that there is more work to be done.

Some of the "questions" are somewhat clear because they are based on
current application use, e.g., HTTP cookie allowed domains and
organizational domain identification for DMARC.  Others that are part of
the discussion are higher level, and while they might encompass the others,
there seems to be less agreement and more discussion.  I tend to think we
should focus on where there the most relevant usage and consensus.

The terminology glossary was begun (thanks, Kurt!) [2], though we have some
work yet to do by way of enumerating the terms whose definitions are useful
for defining and solving the problems.  The current list includes the
following:

Control:: (as in "Is domain X under the same control as domain Y")
Compatibility::
Complexity (implementation + operations)::
Portability:: Will this solution work for both offline as well as online
Scalability::

I'm somewhat concerned about spending cycles defining "control".  The
others were terms associated with solution considerations for rating their
effectiveness.  Also, other terms might need to be added, if they are
helpful to the problem.

For the "milestones", I would propose that we add different milestones for
the different subdivisions of the problem.  This doesn't tie us to multiple
solutions, but it does allow it, and it also allows prioritized
consideration of the subdivisions of the problem.

I have authored a draft with the intent of embodying some of the principles
of the problem.  The draft addresses the "hierarchical" aspect of the
DBOUND problem and focuses on current application use.  It also includes
the considerations for solutions (e.g., compatibility, portability).  The
draft is here:

https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-deccio-dbound-organizational-domain-policy/

If you haven't already read it, I ask that you give it a read and provide
feedback.

For the IETF 94 meeting, I propose to take some WG time to present and
discuss this draft.  As a preface to discussion of this draft, I think it
would be valuable to recap and have some follow-up on the key discussion
points from the last meeting (e.g., those pointed out above).  That would
present a natural segue into the draft presentation/discussion.  I am happy
to lead that discussion as well as present the draft, though I have
constraints that prevent me from attending this meeting in person.  I am
asking the chairs to acquire the means for remote presentation, which might
at least enable presentation of the draft.

Cheers,
Casey

[1] https://www.ietf.org/proceedings/93/minutes/minutes-93-dbound
[2] http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/dbound/trac/wiki/Glossary

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>I&#39;ve been reviewing the IETF93 DBOUND WG meeting =
minutes [1] in preparation for the IETF 94 meeting.=C2=A0 Some thoughts fol=
low.<br><br>There was discussion in the meeting about the subdivisions of t=
he problem, specifically identifying (or repudiating) relationships for nam=
es that are ancestrally related (hierarchical relationships) vs. for those =
that are not (cross-domain relationships).=C2=A0 There was agreement that b=
oth should be addressed (confirmed with a hum in the room), but there was s=
ome sentiment expressed that they might best be considered separately and t=
hat the hierarchically related aspect should be considered first.=C2=A0 One=
 of the reasons for that was that was to avoid blocking solution of one pro=
blem by waiting on a one-size-fits-all solution.<br><br></div><div>Among th=
e actions from the last meeting were to revise some of the questions fundam=
ental to the problem statement, flesh out terminology in a glossary, and de=
velop revised milestones based on the WG discussions.=C2=A0 While there has=
 been some discussion on the list directly or indirectly addressing these, =
it seems to me that there is more work to be done.<br><br></div><div>Some o=
f the &quot;questions&quot; are somewhat clear because they are based on cu=
rrent application use, e.g., HTTP cookie allowed domains and organizational=
 domain identification for DMARC.=C2=A0 Others that are part of the discuss=
ion are higher level, and while they might encompass the others, there seem=
s to be less agreement and more discussion.=C2=A0 I tend to think we should=
 focus on where there the most relevant usage and consensus.<br><br></div><=
div>The terminology glossary was begun (thanks, Kurt!) [2], though we have =
some work yet to do by way of enumerating the terms whose definitions are u=
seful for defining and solving the problems.=C2=A0 The current list include=
s the following:<br><br>Control:: (as in &quot;Is domain X under the same c=
ontrol as domain Y&quot;)<br>Compatibility::<br>Complexity (implementation =
+ operations)::<br>Portability:: Will this solution work for both offline a=
s well as online<br>Scalability::<br><br>I&#39;m somewhat concerned about s=
pending cycles defining &quot;control&quot;.=C2=A0 The others were terms as=
sociated with solution considerations for rating their effectiveness.=C2=A0=
 Also, other terms might need to be added, if they are helpful to the probl=
em.<br></div><div><br></div><div>For the &quot;milestones&quot;, I would pr=
opose that we add different milestones for the different subdivisions of th=
e problem.=C2=A0 This doesn&#39;t tie us to multiple solutions, but it does=
 allow it, and it also allows prioritized consideration of the subdivisions=
 of the problem.<br><br></div><div>I have authored a draft with the intent =
of embodying some of the principles of the problem.=C2=A0 The draft address=
es the &quot;hierarchical&quot; aspect of the DBOUND problem and focuses on=
 current application use.=C2=A0 It also includes the considerations for sol=
utions (e.g., compatibility, portability).=C2=A0 The draft is here:<br><br>=
<a href=3D"https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-deccio-dbound-organizatio=
nal-domain-policy/">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-deccio-dbound-or=
ganizational-domain-policy/</a><br><br></div><div>If you haven&#39;t alread=
y read it, I ask that you give it a read and provide feedback.<br><br>For t=
he IETF 94 meeting, I propose to take some WG time to present and discuss t=
his draft.=C2=A0 As a preface to discussion of this draft, I think it would=
 be valuable to recap and have some follow-up on the key discussion points =
from the last meeting (e.g., those pointed out above).=C2=A0 That would pre=
sent a natural segue into the draft presentation/discussion.=C2=A0 I am hap=
py to lead that discussion as well as present the draft, though I have cons=
traints that prevent me from attending this meeting in person.=C2=A0 I am a=
sking the chairs to acquire the means for remote presentation, which might =
at least enable presentation of the draft.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Che=
ers,<br></div>Casey<br><br>[1] <a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/proceedings/=
93/minutes/minutes-93-dbound">https://www.ietf.org/proceedings/93/minutes/m=
inutes-93-dbound</a><br>[2] <a href=3D"http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/dbound=
/trac/wiki/Glossary">http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/dbound/trac/wiki/Glossar=
y</a><br></div>

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