From jeffrey.he@huawei.com Thu Apr 21 05:54:20 2016 Return-Path: X-Original-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id C2B8612E9D9 for ; Thu, 21 Apr 2016 05:54:20 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -5.196 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-5.196 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, RP_MATCHES_RCVD=-0.996, SPF_PASS=-0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id CIlY44f-C_58 for ; Thu, 21 Apr 2016 05:54:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: from szxga02-in.huawei.com (szxga02-in.huawei.com [119.145.14.65]) (using TLSv1 with cipher RC4-SHA (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 4369B12E883 for ; Thu, 21 Apr 2016 05:54:15 -0700 (PDT) Received: from 172.24.1.48 (EHLO SZXEMA412-HUB.china.huawei.com) ([172.24.1.48]) by szxrg02-dlp.huawei.com (MOS 4.3.7-GA FastPath queued) with ESMTP id DFU31310; Thu, 21 Apr 2016 20:54:08 +0800 (CST) Received: from SZXEMA507-MBX.china.huawei.com ([169.254.5.93]) by SZXEMA412-HUB.china.huawei.com ([10.82.72.71]) with mapi id 14.03.0235.001; Thu, 21 Apr 2016 20:54:07 +0800 From: "Hejianfei (Jeffrey)" To: "din@irtf.org" Thread-Topic: =?Windows-1252?Q?how_to_build_an_Internet-wide_federation_(for_=93upper_l?= =?Windows-1252?Q?ayers=94)?= Thread-Index: AdGbxc+1C1ZOuUlCSH2uhua11OvpkwABfgFg Date: Thu, 21 Apr 2016 12:54:06 +0000 Message-ID: Accept-Language: zh-CN, en-US Content-Language: zh-CN X-MS-Has-Attach: X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: x-originating-ip: [10.66.93.103] Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="_000_AB07990D3CAE53419132AB701C45693C83A4E938szxema507mbxchi_" MIME-Version: 1.0 X-CFilter-Loop: Reflected X-Mirapoint-Virus-RAPID-Raw: score=unknown(0), refid=str=0001.0A020206.5718CD71.010E, ss=1, re=0.000, recu=0.000, reip=0.000, cl=1, cld=1, fgs=0, ip=169.254.5.93, so=2013-06-18 04:22:30, dmn=2013-03-21 17:37:32 X-Mirapoint-Loop-Id: 6f07d529eee11ee0ba10794991259fa4 Archived-At: Subject: [Din] =?windows-1252?q?how_to_build_an_Internet-wide_federation_?= =?windows-1252?q?=28for_=93upper_layers=94=29?= X-BeenThere: din@irtf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.17 Precedence: list List-Id: "Discussion of distributed Internet Infrastructure approaches, aspects such as Service Federation, and underlying technologies" List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 21 Apr 2016 13:10:15 -0000 --_000_AB07990D3CAE53419132AB701C45693C83A4E938szxema507mbxchi_ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi there, An ice-breaking post? Hopefully! During IETF-95, I gave a talk =93Internet-wide Federation=94 in the meeting= =93Distributed Internet Architectures=94 organized by Dirk. In fact, the m= ain challenge I want to address is best stated in the latest European Horiz= on 2020 call: =94 Current centralised platforms for big and social data man= agement consolidate the dominance of existing incumbent actors, stifling in= novation and allowing less and less control over the data by citizens. Dist= ributed architectures and decentralised platforms have a huge potential to = enable the creation of viable alternatives to current dominant models.=94 (= ICT-12b, Horizon2020 Work Programme2016-2017) P2P and federation are two modes of decentralized platform. In my view, =93= federation=94 is more promising. Note: Federation=3D =93a union of autonom= ous/peer domains=94, =93client a=97server A=97server B=97client b=94. To build an Internet-wide federation with hundreds or thousands of domains,= the main challenge is that the federation needs to be stable and avoid the= fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to keep stable so= that this federation could grow to be Internet-wide. If these interfaces h= ave to change with the introduction of new services, this Internet-wide fed= eration will break into fragments and gradually fail when facing competitio= n from the =93centralized service system=94 since the centralized platforms= could can deploy new services overnight. Using the experience of current Internet for reference, a layering architec= ture may be the correct direction. Assuming that information sharing is the= mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some functions common and st= able to all services and implement them in the federation, while leave othe= r dynamic functions at the edge of the infrastructure. It is still an open = question how to separate the functions, but one possible approach is to sep= arate =93how to share and access the data=94 from =93how to understand and = process the data=94. The federation itself implements only the first part o= f functions, such as : IDs for smart object/user/content, user relationship= s, federated authentication and authorization for access control, publishin= g and subscribing in an online-social-network style, etc. Based on these initial thoughts, I think probably it would be interesting t= o the research community in IRTF, to investigate the challenges in building= Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios, and to ex= plore design principles at the architectural level that can be used as guid= elines for standardization in other communities like IETF. If we could have a research group in IRTF, we could investigate several rel= ated areas, for examples: - Understanding the requirements and challenges for potential new Intern= et-wide federations, including IoT, repository/data sharing, cloud2cloud et= c. - Architectural principles that may provide the scalability and stabilit= y required for an Internet-wide federation - Systematic description of data and metadata, user and user group, devi= ces generating data (like sensors), actuators.. - Understanding the relationship between the federation of data sharing = and the applications presenting or processing the data - Security and privacy for data sharing, especially cross domains, in a = federation - Efficiency of data retrieval and data processing in a distributed arch= itecture Cheers, Jeffrey --_000_AB07990D3CAE53419132AB701C45693C83A4E938szxema507mbxchi_ Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hi there,

 

An ice-breaking post? Hopefully!

During IETF-95, I gave a talk =93Internet-wide Federation=94 in t= he meeting =93Distributed Internet Architectures=94 organized by Dirk. In f= act, the main challenge I want to address is best stated in the latest European Horizon 2020 call: =94 Current centralised p= latforms for big and social data management consolidate the dominance of ex= isting incumbent actors, stifling innovation and allowing less and less con= trol over the data by citizens. Distributed architectures and decentralised platforms have a huge potential to enable = the creation of viable alternatives to current dominant models.=94 (ICT-12b= , Horizon2020 Work Programme2016-2017)

P2P and federation are two modes of decentralized platform. In my= view, =93federation=94 is more promising. Note: Federation=3D =93a union o= f  autonomous/peer domains=94, =93client a=97server A=97server B=97client b=94.

To build an Internet-wide federation with hundreds or thousands o= f domains, the main challenge is that the federation needs to be stable and= avoid the fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to keep stable so that this federation could= grow to be Internet-wide. If these interfaces have to change with the intr= oduction of new services, this Internet-wide federation will break into fra= gments and gradually fail when facing competition from the =93centralized service system=94 since the centralize= d platforms could can deploy new services overnight.

Using the experience of current Internet for reference, a layerin= g architecture may be the correct direction. Assuming that information shar= ing is the mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some functions common and stable to all services and imple= ment them in the federation, while leave other dynamic functions at the edg= e of the infrastructure. It is still an open question how to separate the f= unctions, but one possible approach is to separate =93how to share and access the data=94 from =93how to under= stand and process the data=94. The federation itself implements only the fi= rst part of functions, such as : IDs for smart object/user/content, user re= lationships, federated authentication and authorization for access control, publishing and subscribing in an online-= social-network style, etc. 

&n= bsp;

Based on these initial thoughts, I think probably it would be int= eresting to the research community in IRTF, to investigate the challenges i= n building Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios, and to explore design principles at th= e architectural level that can be used as guidelines for standardization in= other communities like IETF.

If we could have a research group in IRTF, we could investigate s= everal related areas, for examples:

-    Understanding the requirements and challenges= for potential new Internet-wide federations, including IoT, repository/dat= a sharing, cloud2cloud etc.

-    Architectural principles that may provide the= scalability and stability required for an Internet-wide federation

-    Systematic description of data and metadata, = user and user group, devices generating data (like sensors), actuators..

-    Understanding the relationship between the fe= deration of data sharing and the applications presenting or processing the = data

-    Security and privacy for data sharing, especi= ally cross domains, in a federation

-    Efficiency of data retrieval and data process= ing in a distributed architecture

 

Cheers,

Jeffrey

 

--_000_AB07990D3CAE53419132AB701C45693C83A4E938szxema507mbxchi_-- From nobody Fri Apr 22 05:40:42 2016 Return-Path: X-Original-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 64BDA12D13F for ; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 05:40:41 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -3.597 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-3.597 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW=-0.7, RP_MATCHES_RCVD=-0.996, SPF_HELO_PASS=-0.001, SPF_PASS=-0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id AWpgehUe-D4I for ; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 05:40:38 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mailer1.neclab.eu (mailer1.neclab.eu [195.37.70.40]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher AECDH-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 7E62B12D713 for ; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 05:40:35 -0700 (PDT) Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by mailer1.neclab.eu (Postfix) with ESMTP id C8D621001DC; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 14:40:33 +0200 (CEST) X-Virus-Scanned: Amavisd on Debian GNU/Linux (netlab.nec.de) Received: from mailer1.neclab.eu ([127.0.0.1]) by localhost (atlas-a.office.hd [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id 9WCPoEG3yDWC; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 14:40:33 +0200 (CEST) X-ENC: Last-Hop-TLS-encrypted X-ENC: Last-Hop-TLS-encrypted Received: from ENCELADUS.office.hd (enceladus.office.hd [192.168.24.52]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by mailer1.neclab.eu (Postfix) with ESMTPS id A104B1000B5; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 14:40:29 +0200 (CEST) Received: from PALLENE.office.hd ([169.254.1.117]) by ENCELADUS.office.hd ([192.168.24.52]) with mapi id 14.03.0210.002; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 14:40:08 +0200 From: Dirk Kutscher To: "Hejianfei (Jeffrey)" , "din@irtf.org" Thread-Topic: =?Windows-1252?Q?how_to_build_an_Internet-wide_federation_(for_=93upper_l?= =?Windows-1252?Q?ayers=94)?= Thread-Index: AdGbxc+1C1ZOuUlCSH2uhua11OvpkwABfgFgADGTJeA= Date: Fri, 22 Apr 2016 12:40:07 +0000 Message-ID: <82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B56D6@PALLENE.office.hd> References: In-Reply-To: Accept-Language: de-DE, en-US Content-Language: en-US X-MS-Has-Attach: X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: x-originating-ip: [10.7.0.204] Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="_000_82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B56D6PALLENEofficehd_" MIME-Version: 1.0 Archived-At: Subject: Re: [Din] =?windows-1252?q?how_to_build_an_Internet-wide_federation_?= =?windows-1252?q?=28for_=93upper_layers=94=29?= X-BeenThere: din@irtf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.17 Precedence: list List-Id: "Discussion of distributed Internet Infrastructure approaches, aspects such as Service Federation, and underlying technologies" List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 22 Apr 2016 12:40:41 -0000 --_000_82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B56D6PALLENEofficehd_ Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi Jeffrey, thanks for the discussion starter. (All, Jeffrey=92s presentation from BA is available at https://trac.tools.i= etf.org/group/irtf/trac/wiki/blockchain-federation) A few questions from my side: Currently there seems to be a trend in the exact opposite direction, i.e., = connectivity providers trying to provide extend their footprint on the vert= ical value chain (e.g., ASPs moving into ISP territory, rolling out their o= wn access or mobile/fixed carriers trying to become content providers). Would you say that this is happening because of a lack of Internet-wide fed= eration? Have you thought about what would motivate dominating players toda= y to engage in federation? >From a research perspective, I=92d be interested in figuring out the separa= tion of =93how to share and access the data=94 from =93how to understand an= d process the data=94 that you mentioned. For example, I could see Internet= federation emerging as a higher layer on top of an ICN network layer. Regarding how to organize/facilitate follow-up discussions, it would be gre= at to get more views from people with different backgrounds (especially peo= ple who develop/operate services). I am looking forward to that discussion. Cheers, Dirk From: Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org] On Behalf Of Hejianfei (Jeffrey) Sent: Donnerstag, 21. April 2016 14:54 To: din@irtf.org Subject: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =93upper layer= s=94) Hi there, An ice-breaking post? Hopefully! During IETF-95, I gave a talk =93Internet-wide Federation=94 in the meeting= =93Distributed Internet Architectures=94 organized by Dirk. In fact, the m= ain challenge I want to address is best stated in the latest European Horiz= on 2020 call: =94 Current centralised platforms for big and social data man= agement consolidate the dominance of existing incumbent actors, stifling in= novation and allowing less and less control over the data by citizens. Dist= ributed architectures and decentralised platforms have a huge potential to = enable the creation of viable alternatives to current dominant models.=94 (= ICT-12b, Horizon2020 Work Programme2016-2017) P2P and federation are two modes of decentralized platform. In my view, =93= federation=94 is more promising. Note: Federation=3D =93a union of autonom= ous/peer domains=94, =93client a=97server A=97server B=97client b=94. To build an Internet-wide federation with hundreds or thousands of domains,= the main challenge is that the federation needs to be stable and avoid the= fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to keep stable so= that this federation could grow to be Internet-wide. If these interfaces h= ave to change with the introduction of new services, this Internet-wide fed= eration will break into fragments and gradually fail when facing competitio= n from the =93centralized service system=94 since the centralized platforms= could can deploy new services overnight. Using the experience of current Internet for reference, a layering architec= ture may be the correct direction. Assuming that information sharing is the= mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some functions common and st= able to all services and implement them in the federation, while leave othe= r dynamic functions at the edge of the infrastructure. It is still an open = question how to separate the functions, but one possible approach is to sep= arate =93how to share and access the data=94 from =93how to understand and = process the data=94. The federation itself implements only the first part o= f functions, such as : IDs for smart object/user/content, user relationship= s, federated authentication and authorization for access control, publishin= g and subscribing in an online-social-network style, etc. Based on these initial thoughts, I think probably it would be interesting t= o the research community in IRTF, to investigate the challenges in building= Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios, and to ex= plore design principles at the architectural level that can be used as guid= elines for standardization in other communities like IETF. If we could have a research group in IRTF, we could investigate several rel= ated areas, for examples: - Understanding the requirements and challenges for potential new Intern= et-wide federations, including IoT, repository/data sharing, cloud2cloud et= c. - Architectural principles that may provide the scalability and stabilit= y required for an Internet-wide federation - Systematic description of data and metadata, user and user group, devi= ces generating data (like sensors), actuators.. - Understanding the relationship between the federation of data sharing = and the applications presenting or processing the data - Security and privacy for data sharing, especially cross domains, in a = federation - Efficiency of data retrieval and data processing in a distributed arch= itecture Cheers, Jeffrey --_000_82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B56D6PALLENEofficehd_ Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

Hi Je= ffrey,

=  

thanks for the discussion starter.

 

(All, Jeffrey=92s presentation from BA is available at https://trac.tools.ietf.org/group/irtf/trac/wiki/blockchain-federation)=

 

A few questions from my side:

 

Currently there seems to be a trend in the exact opposite directi= on, i.e., connectivity providers trying to provide extend their footprint o= n the vertical value chain (e.g., ASPs moving into ISP territory, rolling out their own access or mobile/fixed ca= rriers trying to become content providers).

 

Would you say that this is happening because of a lack of Interne= t-wide federation? Have you thought about what would motivate dominating pl= ayers today to engage in federation?

 

From a research perspective, I=92d be interested in figuring out the separation of =93how to share and access the data= =94 from =93how to understand and process the data=94 that you mentioned. F= or example, I could see Internet federation emerging as a higher layer on top of an ICN network layer.

 

Regarding how to organize/facilitate follow-up discussions, it wo= uld be great to get more views from people with different backgrounds (espe= cially people who develop/operate services).

 

I am looking forward to that discussion.

 

Cheers,

Dirk

 

 

 

From: Din [mailto:= din-bounces@irtf.org] On Behalf Of Hejianfei (Jeffrey)
Sent: Donnerstag, 21. April 2016 14:54
To: din@irtf.org
Subject: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =93uppe= r layers=94)

 =

Hi there,

 

An ice-breaking post? Hopefully!<= /o:p>

During IETF-95, I gave a talk =93Inter= net-wide Federation=94 in the meeting =93Distributed Internet Architectures= =94 organized by Dirk. In fact, the main challenge I want to address is best stated in the latest European Horizon 2020 call:= =94 Current centralised platforms for big and social data management conso= lidate the dominance of existing incumbent actors, stifling innovation and = allowing less and less control over the data by citizens. Distributed architectures and decentralised platform= s have a huge potential to enable the creation of viable alternatives to cu= rrent dominant models.=94 (ICT-12b, Horizon2020 Work Programme2016-2017)

P2P and federation are two modes of de= centralized platform. In my view, =93federation=94 is more promising. Note:= Federation=3D =93a union of  autonomous/peer domains=94, =93client a=97server A=97server B=97client b=94.

To build an Internet-wide federation w= ith hundreds or thousands of domains, the main challenge is that the federa= tion needs to be stable and avoid the fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to keep stable so= that this federation could grow to be Internet-wide. If these interfaces h= ave to change with the introduction of new services, this Internet-wide fed= eration will break into fragments and gradually fail when facing competition from the =93centralized service= system=94 since the centralized platforms could can deploy new services ov= ernight.

Using the experience of current Intern= et for reference, a layering architecture may be the correct direction. Ass= uming that information sharing is the mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some functions common and st= able to all services and implement them in the federation, while leave othe= r dynamic functions at the edge of the infrastructure. It is still an open = question how to separate the functions, but one possible approach is to separate =93how to share and access the da= ta=94 from =93how to understand and process the data=94. The federation its= elf implements only the first part of functions, such as : IDs for smart ob= ject/user/content, user relationships, federated authentication and authorization for access control, publishing and subscr= ibing in an online-social-network style, etc. 

 

Based on these initial thoughts, I thi= nk probably it would be interesting to the research community in IRTF, to i= nvestigate the challenges in building Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios, and to ex= plore design principles at the architectural level that can be used as guid= elines for standardization in other communities like IETF.

If we could have a research group in I= RTF, we could investigate several related areas, for examples:

-    Understanding the = requirements and challenges for potential new Internet-wide federations, in= cluding IoT, repository/data sharing, cloud2cloud etc.

-    Architectural prin= ciples that may provide the scalability and stability required for an Inter= net-wide federation

-    Systematic descrip= tion of data and metadata, user and user group, devices generating data (li= ke sensors), actuators..

-    Understanding the = relationship between the federation of data sharing and the applications pr= esenting or processing the data

-    Security and priva= cy for data sharing, especially cross domains, in a federation

-    Efficiency of data= retrieval and data processing in a distributed architecture

 

Cheers,

Jeffrey

 

--_000_82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B56D6PALLENEofficehd_-- From nobody Fri Apr 22 07:27:25 2016 Return-Path: X-Original-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id E93D912DD68 for ; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 07:27:23 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -5.196 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-5.196 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, RP_MATCHES_RCVD=-0.996, SPF_PASS=-0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id qMusqEKbSVb1 for ; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 07:27:21 -0700 (PDT) Received: from szxga02-in.huawei.com (szxga02-in.huawei.com [119.145.14.65]) (using TLSv1 with cipher RC4-SHA (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with 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Hi Dirk,

 

Motivation issue:

I think we can start a new federation from a new area(e.g IoT) or= a niche market(e.g research data sharing among universities). In these are= as, the federation is a nature choice due to decentralized administration. Once there are enough active users in= this federation, the federation may be attractive for other applications t= o join.

 

The research topics:  

The idea to the separation of =A1=B0how to share and access the d= ata=A1=B1 from =A1=B0how to understand and process the data=A1=B1 reflects = a layering methodology like current Internet, but it is still an open issue to me which functions belong to the first (semantics-less) p= art in the lower layer, while others(semantics-rich) in the upper layers. I= only have some initial feelings that the lower layer may be like an Intern= et-wide file system or database system. That=A1=AFs why I am interested in IPFS. But things working well i= n one domain maybe does not in a federation.

As for the relationship with ICN, I think I need more discussion = with ICN experts, like you.

 

People who develop/operate services:

I think if we expose this topic to the research community, more p= eople may join the discussion. If we take IoT as potential use cases, there= are many experts in IETF/IRTF. If we take the =A1=B0research data sharing=A1=B1 as a starting use case, many research= ers are themselves users or operators.

 

Cheers,

Jeffrey

&n= bsp;

=B7=A2=BC=FE=C8=CB: Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org] =B4=FA= =B1=ED Dirk Kutscher
=B7=A2= =CB=CD=CA=B1=BC=E4: 2016=C4=EA4=D4=C222=C8=D5 20:40
=CA=D5=BC=FE=C8=CB: Hejianfei (Jeffrey); din@irtf.org
=D6=F7=CC=E2: Re: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =A1=B0upper layers=A1=B1)

 

Hi Jeffrey,

 

thanks for the discussion starter.

 

(All, Jeffrey=A1=AFs presentation from BA is available at https://trac.tools.ietf.org/group/irtf/trac/wiki/blockchain-federation)=

 

A few questions from my side:

 

Currently there seems to be a trend in the exact opposite directi= on, i.e., connectivity providers trying to provide extend their footprint o= n the vertical value chain (e.g., ASPs moving into ISP territory, rolling out their own access or mobile/fixed ca= rriers trying to become content providers).

 

Would you say that this is happening because of a lack of Interne= t-wide federation? Have you thought about what would motivate dominating pl= ayers today to engage in federation?

 

From a research perspective, I=A1=AFd be interested in figuring o= ut the se= paration of =A1=B0how to share and access the data=A1=B1 from =A1=B0how to = understand and process the data=A1=B1 that you mentioned. For example, I co= uld see Internet federation emerging as a higher layer on top of an ICN network layer.

 

Regarding how to organize/facilitate follow-up discussions, it wo= uld be great to get more views from people with different backgrounds (espe= cially people who develop/operate services).

 

I am looking forward to that discussion.

 

Cheers,

Dirk

 

 

 

From: Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org] On Behalf Of Hejianfei (Jeffrey)
Sent: Donnerstag, 21. April 2016 14:54
To: din@irtf.org
Subject: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =A1=B0u= pper layers=A1=B1)

 

Hi there,

 

An ice-breaking post? Hopefully!

During IETF-95, I gave a talk =A1=B0Internet-wide Federation=A1= =B1 in the meeting =A1=B0Distributed Internet Architectures=A1=B1 organized= by Dirk. In fact, the main challenge I want to address is best stated in the latest European Horizon 2020 call: =A1=B1 Current centralise= d platforms for big and social data management consolidate the dominance of= existing incumbent actors, stifling innovation and allowing less and less = control over the data by citizens. Distributed architectures and decentralised platforms have a huge potential to enable = the creation of viable alternatives to current dominant models.=A1=B1 (ICT-= 12b, Horizon2020 Work Programme2016-2017)

P2P and federation are two modes of decentralized platform. In my= view, =A1=B0federation=A1=B1 is more promising. Note: Federation=3D =A1=B0= a union of  autonomous/peer domains=A1=B1, =A1=B0client a=A1=AAserver A=A1=AAserver B=A1=AAclient b=A1=B1.

To build an Internet-wide federation with hundreds or thousands o= f domains, the main challenge is that the federation needs to be stable and= avoid the fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to keep stable so that this federation could= grow to be Internet-wide. If these interfaces have to change with the intr= oduction of new services, this Internet-wide federation will break into fra= gments and gradually fail when facing competition from the =A1=B0centralized service system=A1=B1 since the cent= ralized platforms could can deploy new services overnight.

Using the experience of current Internet for reference, a layerin= g architecture may be the correct direction. Assuming that information shar= ing is the mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some functions common and stable to all services and imple= ment them in the federation, while leave other dynamic functions at the edg= e of the infrastructure. It is still an open question how to separate the f= unctions, but one possible approach is to separate =A1=B0how to share and access the data=A1=B1 from =A1=B0how= to understand and process the data=A1=B1. The federation itself implements= only the first part of functions, such as : IDs for smart object/user/cont= ent, user relationships, federated authentication and authorization for access control, publishing and subscribing in an online-= social-network style, etc. 

&n= bsp;

Based on these initial thoughts, I think probably it would be int= eresting to the research community in IRTF, to investigate the challenges i= n building Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios, and to explore design principles at th= e architectural level that can be used as guidelines for standardization in= other communities like IETF.

If we could have a research group in IRTF, we could investigate s= everal related areas, for examples:

-    Understanding the requirements and challenges= for potential new Internet-wide federations, including IoT, repository/dat= a sharing, cloud2cloud etc.

-    Architectural principles that may provide the= scalability and stability required for an Internet-wide federation

-    Systematic description of data and metadata, = user and user group, devices generating data (like sensors), actuators..

-    Understanding the relationship between the fe= deration of data sharing and the applications presenting or processing the = data

-    Security and privacy for data sharing, especi= ally cross domains, in a federation

-    Efficiency of data retrieval and data process= ing in a distributed architecture

 

Cheers,

Jeffrey

 

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-0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -5.196 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-5.196 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, RP_MATCHES_RCVD=-0.996] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id YwfRks3bpZBj for ; Sat, 23 Apr 2016 01:37:09 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mta1.cl.cam.ac.uk (mta1.cl.cam.ac.uk [128.232.25.21]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 060C212E0E7 for ; Sat, 23 Apr 2016 01:37:08 -0700 (PDT) Received: from svr-ssh-1.cl.cam.ac.uk ([128.232.102.11]) by mta1.cl.cam.ac.uk with esmtp (Exim 4.63) (envelope-from ) id 1atsvN-0007Dp-Iq; Sat, 23 Apr 2016 09:28:21 +0100 From: Jon Crowcroft To: Nick Roy In-reply-to: <23855CBE-A80A-4476-B4DC-663E0B96DD9F@internet2.edu> References: <23855CBE-A80A-4476-B4DC-663E0B96DD9F@internet2.edu> Comments: In-reply-to Nick Roy message dated "Fri, 22 Apr 2016 19:22:55 -0000." MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-ID: <2720.1461400615.1@svr-ssh-1.cl.cam.ac.uk> Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Date: Sat, 23 Apr 2016 09:36:55 +0100 Message-Id: Archived-At: Cc: "Hejianfei \(Jeffrey\)" , "din@irtf.org" , Dirk Kutscher Subject: Re: [Din] =?utf-8?q?how_to_build_an_Internet-wide_federation_=28for_?= =?utf-8?b?4oCcdXBwZXIgbGF5ZXJz4oCdKQ==?= X-BeenThere: din@irtf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.17 Precedence: list List-Id: "Discussion of distributed Internet Infrastructure approaches, aspects such as Service Federation, and underlying technologies" List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sat, 23 Apr 2016 08:37:12 -0000 agree - as mentioned before, we have examples of succesful id federation systems - best one i use daily is eduroam... there's really no excuse:) > My observation from the global research and education space, where we = > have built multi-lateral SAML authN / (~authZ) federations is that these= = > huge embedded infrastructure providers (the big cloud services, etc) are= = > trying to gain a lock on "Internet identity" by herding as many sectors = > as possible into their cloud and offering really easy "federation" to = > other services of interest to their markets. This does a huge disservic= e = > to openness, scalability, portable identity, etc. > = > Nick > = > From: Din > on behalf = > of Dirk Kutscher > > Date: Friday, April 22, 2016 at 6:40 AM > To: "Hejianfei (Jeffrey)" = > >, = > "din@irtf.org" > > Subject: Re: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =E2=80=9C= upper = > layers=E2=80=9D) > = > Hi Jeffrey, > = > thanks for the discussion starter. > = > (All, Jeffrey=E2=80=99s presentation from BA is available at = > https://trac.tools.ietf.org/group/irtf/trac/wiki/blockchain-federation) > = > A few questions from my side: > = > Currently there seems to be a trend in the exact opposite direction, = > i.e., connectivity providers trying to provide extend their footprint on= = > the vertical value chain (e.g., ASPs moving into ISP territory, rolling = > out their own access or mobile/fixed carriers trying to become content = > providers). > = > Would you say that this is happening because of a lack of Internet-wide = > federation? Have you thought about what would motivate dominating player= s = > today to engage in federation? > = > From a research perspective, I=E2=80=99d be interested in figuring out t= he = > separation of =E2=80=9Chow to share and access the data=E2=80=9D from =E2= =80=9Chow to = > understand and process the data=E2=80=9D that you mentioned. For example= , I = > could see Internet federation emerging as a higher layer on top of an IC= N = > network layer. > = > Regarding how to organize/facilitate follow-up discussions, it would be = > great to get more views from people with different backgrounds = > (especially people who develop/operate services). > = > I am looking forward to that discussion. > = > Cheers, > Dirk > = > = > = > From: Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org] On Behalf Of Hejianfei (Jeffrey) > Sent: Donnerstag, 21. April 2016 14:54 > To: din@irtf.org > Subject: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =E2=80=9Cup= per = > layers=E2=80=9D) > = > Hi there, > = > An ice-breaking post? Hopefully! > During IETF-95, I gave a talk =E2=80=9CInternet-wide Federation=E2=80=9D= in the = > meeting =E2=80=9CDistributed Internet Architectures=E2=80=9D organized b= y Dirk. In = > fact, the main challenge I want to address is best stated in the latest = > European Horizon 2020 call: =E2=80=9D Current centralised platforms for = big and = > social data management consolidate the dominance of existing incumbent = > actors, stifling innovation and allowing less and less control over the = > data by citizens. Distributed architectures and decentralised platforms = > have a huge potential to enable the creation of viable alternatives to = > current dominant models.=E2=80=9D (ICT-12b, Horizon2020 Work Programme20= 16-2017) > P2P and federation are two modes of decentralized platform. In my view, = > =E2=80=9Cfederation=E2=80=9D is more promising. Note: Federation=3D =E2=80= =9Ca union of = > autonomous/peer domains=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Cclient a=E2=80=94server A=E2=80= =94server B=E2=80=94client = > b=E2=80=9D. > To build an Internet-wide federation with hundreds or thousands of = > domains, the main challenge is that the federation needs to be stable an= d = > avoid the fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to = > keep stable so that this federation could grow to be Internet-wide. If = > these interfaces have to change with the introduction of new services, = > this Internet-wide federation will break into fragments and gradually = > fail when facing competition from the =E2=80=9Ccentralized service syste= m=E2=80=9D = > since the centralized platforms could can deploy new services overnight. > Using the experience of current Internet for reference, a layering = > architecture may be the correct direction. Assuming that information = > sharing is the mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some = > functions common and stable to all services and implement them in the = > federation, while leave other dynamic functions at the edge of the = > infrastructure. It is still an open question how to separate the = > functions, but one possible approach is to separate =E2=80=9Chow to shar= e and = > access the data=E2=80=9D from =E2=80=9Chow to understand and process the= data=E2=80=9D. The = > federation itself implements only the first part of functions, such as := = > IDs for smart object/user/content, user relationships, federated = > authentication and authorization for access control, publishing and = > subscribing in an online-social-network style, etc. > = > Based on these initial thoughts, I think probably it would be interestin= g = > to the research community in IRTF, to investigate the challenges in = > building Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios= , = > and to explore design principles at the architectural level that can be = > used as guidelines for standardization in other communities like IETF. > If we could have a research group in IRTF, we could investigate several = > related areas, for examples: > - Understanding the requirements and challenges for potential new = > Internet-wide federations, including IoT, repository/data sharing, = > cloud2cloud etc. > - Architectural principles that may provide the scalability and = > stability required for an Internet-wide federation > - Systematic description of data and metadata, user and user group, = > devices generating data (like sensors), actuators.. > - Understanding the relationship between the federation of data = > sharing and the applications presenting or processing the data > - Security and privacy for data sharing, especially cross domains, in= = > a federation > - Efficiency of data retrieval and data processing in a distributed = > architecture > = > Cheers, > Jeffrey > = > = > _______________________________________________ > Din mailing list > Din@irtf.org > https://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/din > = From nobody Sat Apr 23 03:52:21 2016 Return-Path: X-Original-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id B3AA712E83C for ; 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Sat, 23 Apr 2016 03:52:13 -0700 (PDT) Sender: crowcroft@gmail.com Received: by 10.25.15.232 with HTTP; Sat, 23 Apr 2016 03:52:13 -0700 (PDT) In-Reply-To: References: <82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B56D6@PALLENE.office.hd> Date: Sat, 23 Apr 2016 12:52:13 +0200 X-Google-Sender-Auth: mOVfksBjVkZa2iSbw3eSrf_AQfk Message-ID: From: Jon Crowcroft To: "Hejianfei (Jeffrey)" Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=001a11c333f273d099053124bc58 Archived-At: Cc: "din@irtf.org" , Dirk Kutscher Subject: Re: [Din] =?utf-8?b?562U5aSNOiBob3cgdG8gYnVpbGQgYW4gSW50ZXJuZXQtd2lk?= =?utf-8?b?ZSBmZWRlcmF0aW9uIChmb3Ig4oCcdXBwZXIgbGF5ZXJz4oCdKQ==?= X-BeenThere: din@irtf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.17 Precedence: list List-Id: "Discussion of distributed Internet Infrastructure approaches, aspects such as Service Federation, and underlying technologies" List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Sat, 23 Apr 2016 10:52:19 -0000 --001a11c333f273d099053124bc58 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable here's the poster-child example of how we do federation, but how it leads to monopoly systems: it's called WWW. The surprise to the hypermedia community that Berners-Lee sprung was the idea of unidirectional URLs - essentially, a web site publishes stuff without need for anything other than a server on a pubic, hopefully always-on IP address. Word-of-mouth causes people to hear about the web site, and link to it - no coordination with the server/site owner needed at all. Bingo federation. So what's that magic "word-of-mouth"? well, originally (circa 1992) it was a) email. b) sites that manually listed other sites (directories, like sunsite). but of course, eventually someone thought of robots, spiders, and behold, Search Engines proliferated. But then given there's only one global public repository of information on the one global public reachable internet, why would you need more than one search engine? So the proliferation collapsed from yahoo and altavista and so on, down to google. A single entry point to a billion websites, which were all federal, but now all found via one place. Next step in evolution is that it isn't so cheap and easy to get a site that has a global reachable IP address and is (affordably) available 24/7, better than 5 9s. so people start putting there content on hosting sites, in data centers, and lo & behold, the cloud emerges. The asymmetry of bandwidth, reachability and availability of a home broadband link just doesn't really work well, so every home having a web server (or a home cloud) is tricky - (note, for later, with fiber to the home in much of developed parts of Europe at least, and fairly rapidly deploying IPv6, and better firewall technology replacing NATs, we could see a reversal of this over the next few years). Then writing web pages that serve active content, and deal with all the different quirks of different browsers became more and more expensive in developer time, so people decided to shrink wrap systems, and low and behold "apps" appeared, with limited functionality, but high reliability - server side for the app is also simplified. Asymmetry gets even more pronounced in the Internet. But then there are contrasts between interworking, and gratuitously restrictive cloud based systems - lets take webmail versus online-social-nets (OSN). If you don't interwork webmail with SMTP (and IMAP) you are going to have a walled garden, so its hard to grow your business. If you don't interwork your web based OSN (trust me - download all your data from your favourite OSN - you'll note its just a bunch of web pages), then you try and capture the whole market - why? because once you tip it, like search, everyone "has" to be on "your" system......no wait, that isn't true. Its just a URL. WHy can't I have a "friend" on Sina Weibo from my account on Ello? A friend list is just a list of URLs (or could be). Apps can run across me & my friends (recommenders) the way search runs over multiple sites in the web. Apps just need to be able to parse content (hey its all xml anyhow, game over). So obviously what we have here is restriction purely because of market control. The technical arguments for centralisation & asymmetry I gave for the app/cloud world, do not apply to some services really. So one could argue that lack of federation where there are no technical barriers for federation is a layer 11 problem (politics/economics) and not really a technical (ietf/irtf) one..... by two bit-cents:-) cheers jon On Fri, Apr 22, 2016 at 4:26 PM, Hejianfei (Jeffrey) wrote: > Hi Dirk, > > > > Motivation issue: > > I think we can start a new federation from a new area(e.g IoT) or a niche > market(e.g research data sharing among universities). In these areas, the > federation is a nature choice due to decentralized administration. Once > there are enough active users in this federation, the federation may be > attractive for other applications to join. > > > > The research topics: > > The idea to the separation of =E2=80=9Chow to share and access the data= =E2=80=9D from =E2=80=9Chow > to understand and process the data=E2=80=9D reflects a layering methodolo= gy like > current Internet, but it is still an open issue to me which functions > belong to the first (semantics-less) part in the lower layer, while > others(semantics-rich) in the upper layers. I only have some initial > feelings that the lower layer may be like an Internet-wide file system or > database system. That=E2=80=99s why I am interested in IPFS. But things w= orking > well in one domain maybe does not in a federation. > > As for the relationship with ICN, I think I need more discussion with ICN > experts, like you. > > > > People who develop/operate services: > > I think if we expose this topic to the research community, more people ma= y > join the discussion. If we take IoT as potential use cases, there are man= y > experts in IETF/IRTF. If we take the =E2=80=9Cresearch data sharing=E2=80= =9D as a > starting use case, many researchers are themselves users or operators. > > > > Cheers, > > Jeffrey > > > > *=E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA:* Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org] *=E4=BB= =A3=E8=A1=A8 *Dirk Kutscher > *=E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4:* 2016=E5=B9=B44=E6=9C=8822=E6=97= =A5 20:40 > *=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA:* Hejianfei (Jeffrey); din@irtf.org > *=E4=B8=BB=E9=A2=98:* Re: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation = (for =E2=80=9Cupper > layers=E2=80=9D) > > > > Hi Jeffrey, > > > > thanks for the discussion starter. > > > > (All, Jeffrey=E2=80=99s presentation from BA is available at > https://trac.tools.ietf.org/group/irtf/trac/wiki/blockchain-federation) > > > > A few questions from my side: > > > > Currently there seems to be a trend in the exact opposite direction, i.e.= , > connectivity providers trying to provide extend their footprint on the > vertical value chain (e.g., ASPs moving into ISP territory, rolling out > their own access or mobile/fixed carriers trying to become content > providers). > > > > Would you say that this is happening because of a lack of Internet-wide > federation? Have you thought about what would motivate dominating players > today to engage in federation? > > > > From a research perspective, I=E2=80=99d be interested in figuring out th= e > separation of =E2=80=9Chow to share and access the data=E2=80=9D from =E2= =80=9Chow to understand > and process the data=E2=80=9D that you mentioned. For example, I could se= e Internet > federation emerging as a higher layer on top of an ICN network layer. > > > > Regarding how to organize/facilitate follow-up discussions, it would be > great to get more views from people with different backgrounds (especiall= y > people who develop/operate services). > > > > I am looking forward to that discussion. > > > > Cheers, > > Dirk > > > > > > > > *From:* Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org ] *On > Behalf Of *Hejianfei (Jeffrey) > *Sent:* Donnerstag, 21. April 2016 14:54 > *To:* din@irtf.org > *Subject:* [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =E2=80=9Cu= pper > layers=E2=80=9D) > > > > Hi there, > > > > An ice-breaking post? Hopefully! > > During IETF-95, I gave a talk =E2=80=9CInternet-wide Federation=E2=80=9D = in the meeting > =E2=80=9CDistributed Internet Architectures=E2=80=9D organized by Dirk. I= n fact, the main > challenge I want to address is best stated in the latest European Horizon > 2020 call: =E2=80=9D Current centralised platforms for big and social dat= a > management consolidate the dominance of existing incumbent actors, stifli= ng > innovation and allowing less and less control over the data by citizens. > Distributed architectures and decentralised platforms have a huge potenti= al > to enable the creation of viable alternatives to current dominant models.= =E2=80=9D > (ICT-12b, Horizon2020 Work Programme2016-2017) > > P2P and federation are two modes of decentralized platform. In my view, > =E2=80=9Cfederation=E2=80=9D is more promising. Note: Federation=3D =E2= =80=9Ca union of > autonomous/peer domains=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Cclient a=E2=80=94server A=E2= =80=94server B=E2=80=94client b=E2=80=9D. > > To build an Internet-wide federation with hundreds or thousands of > domains, the main challenge is that the federation needs to be stable and > avoid the fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to kee= p > stable so that this federation could grow to be Internet-wide. If these > interfaces have to change with the introduction of new services, this > Internet-wide federation will break into fragments and gradually fail whe= n > facing competition from the =E2=80=9Ccentralized service system=E2=80=9D = since the > centralized platforms could can deploy new services overnight. > > Using the experience of current Internet for reference, a layering > architecture may be the correct direction. Assuming that information > sharing is the mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some functio= ns > common and stable to all services and implement them in the federation, > while leave other dynamic functions at the edge of the infrastructure. It > is still an open question how to separate the functions, but one possible > approach is to separate =E2=80=9Chow to share and access the data=E2=80= =9D from =E2=80=9Chow to > understand and process the data=E2=80=9D. The federation itself implement= s only the > first part of functions, such as : IDs for smart object/user/content, use= r > relationships, federated authentication and authorization for access > control, publishing and subscribing in an online-social-network style, et= c. > > > > Based on these initial thoughts, I think probably it would be interesting > to the research community in IRTF, to investigate the challenges in > building Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios, > and to explore design principles at the architectural level that can be > used as guidelines for standardization in other communities like IETF. > > If we could have a research group in IRTF, we could investigate several > related areas, for examples: > > - Understanding the requirements and challenges for potential new > Internet-wide federations, including IoT, repository/data sharing, > cloud2cloud etc. > > - Architectural principles that may provide the scalability and > stability required for an Internet-wide federation > > - Systematic description of data and metadata, user and user group, > devices generating data (like sensors), actuators.. > > - Understanding the relationship between the federation of data sharin= g > and the applications presenting or processing the data > > - Security and privacy for data sharing, especially cross domains, in = a > federation > > - Efficiency of data retrieval and data processing in a distributed > architecture > > > > Cheers, > > Jeffrey > > > > _______________________________________________ > Din mailing list > Din@irtf.org > https://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/din > > --001a11c333f273d099053124bc58 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
here's the poster-child example of how we do federatio= n, but how it leads to monopoly systems: it's called WWW.
The surpr= ise to the hypermedia community that Berners-Lee sprung was the idea of uni= directional URLs - essentially, a web site publishes stuff without need for= anything other than a server on a pubic, hopefully always-on IP address. W= ord-of-mouth causes people to hear about the web site, and link to it - no = coordination with the server/site owner needed at all. Bingo federation.

So what's that magic "word-of-mouth"? = well, originally (circa 1992) it was a) email. b) sites that manually liste= d other sites (directories, like sunsite). but of course, eventually someon= e thought of robots, spiders, and behold, Search Engines proliferated. But = then given there's only one global public repository of information on = the one global public reachable internet, why would you need more than one = search engine? So the proliferation collapsed from yahoo and altavista and = so on, down to google. A single entry point to a billion websites, which we= re all federal, but now all found via one place.

N= ext step in evolution is that it isn't so cheap and easy to get a site = that has a global reachable IP address and is (affordably) available 24/7, = better than 5 9s. so people start putting there content on hosting sites, i= n data centers, and lo & behold, the cloud emerges. The asymmetry of ba= ndwidth, reachability and availability of a home broadband link just doesn&= #39;t really work well, so every home having a web server (or a home cloud)= is tricky - (note, for later, with fiber to the home in much of developed = parts of Europe at least, and fairly rapidly deploying IPv6, and better fir= ewall technology replacing NATs, we could see a reversal of this over the n= ext few years).

Then writing web pages that serve = active content, and deal with all the different quirks of different browser= s became more and more expensive in developer time, so people decided to sh= rink wrap systems, and low and behold "apps" appeared, with limit= ed functionality, but high reliability - server side for the app is also si= mplified. Asymmetry gets even more pronounced in the Internet.
But then there are contrasts between interworking, and =C2=A0g= ratuitously restrictive cloud based systems - lets take webmail versus onli= ne-social-nets (OSN).

If you don't interwork w= ebmail with SMTP (and IMAP) you are going to have a walled garden, so its h= ard to grow your business. If you don't interwork your web based OSN (t= rust me - download all your data from your favourite OSN - you'll note = its just a bunch of web pages), then you try and capture the whole market -= why? because once you tip it, like search, everyone "has" to be = on "your" system......no wait, that isn't true. Its just a UR= L. WHy can't I have a "friend" on Sina Weibo from my account = on Ello? A friend list is just a list of URLs (or could be). Apps can run a= cross me & my friends (recommenders) the way search runs over multiple = sites in the web. Apps just need to be able to parse content (hey its all x= ml anyhow, game over).=C2=A0

So obviously what we = have here is restriction purely because of market control. The technical ar= guments for centralisation & asymmetry I gave for the app/cloud world, = do not apply to some services really. So one could argue that lack of feder= ation where there are no technical barriers for federation is a layer 11 pr= oblem (politics/economics) and not really a technical (ietf/irtf) one.....<= /div>

by two bit-cents:-)

cheer= s
jon

On Fri, Apr 22, 2016 at 4:26 PM, Hejianfei (Jeffrey) <jeffre= y.he@huawei.com> wrote:

Hi Dirk,

=C2=A0

Motivation issue:

I think we can start a new federation from a new area(e.g IoT) or= a niche market(e.g research data sharing among universities). In these are= as, the federation is a nature choice due to decentralized administration. Once there are enough active users in= this federation, the federation may be attractive for other applications t= o join.

=C2=A0

The research topics: =C2=A0

The idea to the separation of =E2=80=9Chow to share and access th= e data=E2=80=9D from =E2=80=9Chow to understand and process the data=E2=80= =9D reflects a layering methodology like current Internet, but it is still an open issue to me which functions belong to the first (semantics-less) p= art in the lower layer, while others(semantics-rich) in the upper layers. I= only have some initial feelings that the lower layer may be like an Intern= et-wide file system or database system. That=E2=80=99s why I am interested in IPFS. But things working wel= l in one domain maybe does not in a federation.

As for the relationship with ICN, I think I need more discussion = with ICN experts, like you.

=C2=A0

People who develop/operate services:

I think if we expose this topic to the research community, more p= eople may join the discussion. If we take IoT as potential use cases, there= are many experts in IETF/IRTF. If we take the =E2=80=9Cresearch data sharing=E2=80=9D as a starting use case, many re= searchers are themselves users or operators.

=C2=A0

Cheers,

Jeffrey

= =C2=A0

=E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6= =E4=BA=BA: Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org= ] = =E4=BB=A3=E8=A1=A8 Dirk Kutscher
= =E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4: 2016=E5=B9=B44=E6=9C=8822=E6=97=A5 20:40
=E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: Hejianfei (Jeffrey); din@irtf.org
=E4=B8=BB=E9=A2=98: Re: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =E2=80=9Cupper layers=E2=80=9D)

=C2=A0

Hi Jeffrey,

=C2=A0

thanks for the discussion starter.

=C2=A0

(All, Jeffrey=E2=80=99s presentation from BA is available at https://trac.tools.ietf.org/group/irtf/trac/wiki/blockchain-federation)=

=C2=A0

A few questions from my side:

=C2=A0

Currently there seems to be a trend in the exact opposite directi= on, i.e., connectivity providers trying to provide extend their footprint o= n the vertical value chain (e.g., ASPs moving into ISP territory, rolling out their own access or mobile/fixed ca= rriers trying to become content providers).

=C2=A0

Would you say that this is happening because of a lack of Interne= t-wide federation? Have you thought about what would motivate dominating pl= ayers today to engage in federation?

=C2=A0

From a research perspective, I=E2=80=99d be interested in figurin= g out the se= paration of =E2=80=9Chow to share and access the data=E2=80=9D from =E2=80= =9Chow to understand and process the data=E2=80=9D that you mentioned. For = example, I could see Internet federation emerging as a higher layer on top of an ICN network layer.

=C2=A0

Regarding how to organize/facilitate follow-up discussions, it wo= uld be great to get more views from people with different backgrounds (espe= cially people who develop/operate services).

=C2=A0

I am looking forward to that discussion.

=C2=A0

Cheers,

Dirk

=C2=A0

=C2=A0

=C2= =A0

=C2=A0

Hi there,

=C2=A0

An ice-breaking post? Hopefully!

During IETF-95, I gave a talk =E2=80=9CInternet-wide Federation= =E2=80=9D in the meeting =E2=80=9CDistributed Internet Architectures=E2=80= =9D organized by Dirk. In fact, the main challenge I want to address is bes= t stated in the latest European Horizon 2020 call: =E2=80=9D Current central= ised platforms for big and social data management consolidate the dominance= of existing incumbent actors, stifling innovation and allowing less and le= ss control over the data by citizens. Distributed architectures and decentralised platforms have a huge potential to enable = the creation of viable alternatives to current dominant models.=E2=80=9D (I= CT-12b, Horizon2020 Work Programme2016-2017)

P2P and federation are two modes of decentralized platform. In my= view, =E2=80=9Cfederation=E2=80=9D is more promising. Note: Federation=3D = =E2=80=9Ca union of=C2=A0 autonomous/peer domains=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Cclient= a=E2=80=94server A=E2=80=94server B=E2=80=94client b=E2=80=9D.

To build an Internet-wide federation with hundreds or thousands o= f domains, the main challenge is that the federation needs to be stable and= avoid the fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to keep stable so that this federation could= grow to be Internet-wide. If these interfaces have to change with the intr= oduction of new services, this Internet-wide federation will break into fra= gments and gradually fail when facing competition from the =E2=80=9Ccentralized service system=E2=80=9D since th= e centralized platforms could can deploy new services overnight.<= /u>

Using the experience of current Internet for reference, a layerin= g architecture may be the correct direction. Assuming that information shar= ing is the mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some functions common and stable to all services and imple= ment them in the federation, while leave other dynamic functions at the edg= e of the infrastructure. It is still an open question how to separate the f= unctions, but one possible approach is to separate =E2=80=9Chow to share and access the data=E2=80=9D from =E2= =80=9Chow to understand and process the data=E2=80=9D. The federation itsel= f implements only the first part of functions, such as : IDs for smart obje= ct/user/content, user relationships, federated authentication and authorization for access control, publishing and subscribing in an online-= social-network style, etc.=C2=A0

= =C2=A0

Based on these initial thoughts, I think probably it would be int= eresting to the research community in IRTF, to investigate the challenges i= n building Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios, and to explore design principles at th= e architectural level that can be used as guidelines for standardization in= other communities like IETF.

If we could have a research group in IRTF, we could investigate s= everal related areas, for examples:

-=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 Understanding the requirements and challenges= for potential new Internet-wide federations, including IoT, repository/dat= a sharing, cloud2cloud etc.

-=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 Architectural principles that may provide the= scalability and stability required for an Internet-wide federation<= u>

-=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 Systematic description of data and metadata, = user and user group, devices generating data (like sensors), actuators..=

-=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 Understanding the relationship between the fe= deration of data sharing and the applications presenting or processing the = data

-=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 Security and privacy for data sharing, especi= ally cross domains, in a federation

-=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0 Efficiency of data retrieval and data process= ing in a distributed architecture

=C2=A0

Cheers,

Jeffrey

=C2=A0


_______________________________________________
Din mailing list
Din@irtf.org
https://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/din


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8A8C912B048 for ; Sun, 24 Apr 2016 13:24:38 -0700 (PDT) Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by mailer1.neclab.eu (Postfix) with ESMTP id 049121001F2; Sun, 24 Apr 2016 22:24:37 +0200 (CEST) X-Virus-Scanned: Amavisd on Debian GNU/Linux (netlab.nec.de) Received: from mailer1.neclab.eu ([127.0.0.1]) by localhost (atlas-a.office.hd [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id FHarfN-ImM8T; Sun, 24 Apr 2016 22:24:36 +0200 (CEST) X-ENC: Last-Hop-TLS-encrypted X-ENC: Last-Hop-TLS-encrypted Received: from METHONE.office.hd (methone.office.hd [192.168.24.54]) (using TLSv1 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by mailer1.neclab.eu (Postfix) with ESMTPS id CCF851001E5; Sun, 24 Apr 2016 22:24:30 +0200 (CEST) Received: from PALLENE.office.hd ([169.254.1.117]) by METHONE.office.hd ([192.168.24.54]) with mapi id 14.03.0210.002; Sun, 24 Apr 2016 22:24:09 +0200 From: Dirk Kutscher To: Jon Crowcroft , "Hejianfei (Jeffrey)" Thread-Topic: 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(Postfix) with ESMTP id AA8DC12D0DF for ; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 02:42:29 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -5.196 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-5.196 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, RP_MATCHES_RCVD=-0.996] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id DJjUkyxVDuSU for ; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 02:42:27 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mta1.cl.cam.ac.uk (mta1.cl.cam.ac.uk [128.232.25.21]) (using TLSv1 with cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id CFD8C12D0CD for ; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 02:42:26 -0700 (PDT) Received: from sandy.cl.cam.ac.uk ([128.232.64.182]) by mta1.cl.cam.ac.uk with esmtp (Exim 4.63) (envelope-from ) id 1auctj-0000HU-VJ; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 10:33:44 +0100 From: Jon Crowcroft To: Dirk Kutscher In-reply-to: <82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B9910@PALLENE.office.hd> References: <82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B56D6@PALLENE.office.hd> <82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B9910@PALLENE.office.hd> Comments: In-reply-to Dirk Kutscher message dated "Sun, 24 Apr 2016 20:24:09 -0000." MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Content-ID: <38025.1461577341.1@sandy.cl.cam.ac.uk> Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Date: Mon, 25 Apr 2016 10:42:21 +0100 Message-Id: Archived-At: Cc: "din@irtf.org" Subject: Re: [Din] =?utf-8?b?562U5aSNOiBob3cgdG8gYnVpbGQgYW4gSW50ZXJuZXQtd2lk?= =?utf-8?b?ZSBmZWRlcmF0aW9uIChmb3Ig4oCcdXBwZXIgbGF5ZXJz4oCdKQ==?= X-BeenThere: din@irtf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.17 Precedence: list List-Id: "Discussion of distributed Internet Infrastructure approaches, aspects such as Service Federation, and underlying technologies" List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 25 Apr 2016 09:42:29 -0000 that paper is interesting, but represents a useful list of the challenges for an extreme point in the design space = (which is useful to think about, of course, but...) federating id (as per eduroam) across fairly large numbers of medium size services, is a largely solved problem, i would claim. = as are consistency algorithms for same (they operate already within clould services, so extending them over several shouldn't be an issue:) the problem is that there's little incentive to disaggregate an existing service (unless the European Commission or some other regulatory body decides to de-monopolize something:-) > Oh yes, there are definitely some layer 11 barriers for federation of, = > for example, OSN. > = > On the other hand, I wouldn=E2=80=99t exclude that there are also techni= cal = > barriers, for example, for implementing access control for personal data= = > assets across federated services. > = > There are technical solutions to identity federation =E2=80=93 but that = may not = > be sufficient. > = > BTW, Arvind Narayanan et al.=E2=80=99s paper from 2012 may be of interes= t in = > this discussion: > http://arxiv.org/abs/1202.4503 > = > Cheers, > Dirk > = > From: Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org] On Behalf Of Jon Crowcroft > Sent: Samstag, 23. April 2016 12:52 > To: Hejianfei (Jeffrey) > Cc: din@irtf.org; Dirk Kutscher > Subject: Re: [Din] =E7=AD=94=E5=A4=8D: how to build an Internet-wide fed= eration (for = > =E2=80=9Cupper layers=E2=80=9D) > = > here's the poster-child example of how we do federation, but how it lead= s = > to monopoly systems: it's called WWW. > The surprise to the hypermedia community that Berners-Lee sprung was the= = > idea of unidirectional URLs - essentially, a web site publishes stuff = > without need for anything other than a server on a pubic, hopefully = > always-on IP address. Word-of-mouth causes people to hear about the web = > site, and link to it - no coordination with the server/site owner needed= = > at all. Bingo federation. > = > So what's that magic "word-of-mouth"? well, originally (circa 1992) it = > was a) email. b) sites that manually listed other sites (directories, = > like sunsite). but of course, eventually someone thought of robots, = > spiders, and behold, Search Engines proliferated. But then given there's= = > only one global public repository of information on the one global publi= c = > reachable internet, why would you need more than one search engine? So = > the proliferation collapsed from yahoo and altavista and so on, down to = > google. A single entry point to a billion websites, which were all = > federal, but now all found via one place. > = > Next step in evolution is that it isn't so cheap and easy to get a site = > that has a global reachable IP address and is (affordably) available = > 24/7, better than 5 9s. so people start putting there content on hosting= = > sites, in data centers, and lo & behold, the cloud emerges. The asymmetr= y = > of bandwidth, reachability and availability of a home broadband link jus= t = > doesn't really work well, so every home having a web server (or a home = > cloud) is tricky - (note, for later, with fiber to the home in much of = > developed parts of Europe at least, and fairly rapidly deploying IPv6, = > and better firewall technology replacing NATs, we could see a reversal o= f = > this over the next few years). > = > Then writing web pages that serve active content, and deal with all the = > different quirks of different browsers became more and more expensive in= = > developer time, so people decided to shrink wrap systems, and low and = > behold "apps" appeared, with limited functionality, but high reliability= = > - server side for the app is also simplified. Asymmetry gets even more = > pronounced in the Internet. > = > But then there are contrasts between interworking, and gratuitously = > restrictive cloud based systems - lets take webmail versus = > online-social-nets (OSN). > = > If you don't interwork webmail with SMTP (and IMAP) you are going to hav= e = > a walled garden, so its hard to grow your business. If you don't = > interwork your web based OSN (trust me - download all your data from you= r = > favourite OSN - you'll note its just a bunch of web pages), then you try= = > and capture the whole market - why? because once you tip it, like search= , = > everyone "has" to be on "your" system......no wait, that isn't true. Its= = > just a URL. WHy can't I have a "friend" on Sina Weibo from my account on= = > Ello? A friend list is just a list of URLs (or could be). Apps can run = > across me & my friends (recommenders) the way search runs over multiple = > sites in the web. Apps just need to be able to parse content (hey its al= l = > xml anyhow, game over). > = > So obviously what we have here is restriction purely because of market = > control. The technical arguments for centralisation & asymmetry I gave = > for the app/cloud world, do not apply to some services really. So one = > could argue that lack of federation where there are no technical barrier= s = > for federation is a layer 11 problem (politics/economics) and not really= = > a technical (ietf/irtf) one..... > = > by two bit-cents:-) > = > cheers > jon > = > On Fri, Apr 22, 2016 at 4:26 PM, Hejianfei (Jeffrey) = > > wrote: > Hi Dirk, > = > Motivation issue: > I think we can start a new federation from a new area(e.g IoT) or a nich= e = > market(e.g research data sharing among universities). In these areas, th= e = > federation is a nature choice due to decentralized administration. Once = > there are enough active users in this federation, the federation may be = > attractive for other applications to join. > = > The research topics: > The idea to the separation of =E2=80=9Chow to share and access the data=E2= =80=9D from = > =E2=80=9Chow to understand and process the data=E2=80=9D reflects a laye= ring = > methodology like current Internet, but it is still an open issue to me = > which functions belong to the first (semantics-less) part in the lower = > layer, while others(semantics-rich) in the upper layers. I only have som= e = > initial feelings that the lower layer may be like an Internet-wide file = > system or database system. That=E2=80=99s why I am interested in IPFS. B= ut = > things working well in one domain maybe does not in a federation. > As for the relationship with ICN, I think I need more discussion with IC= N = > experts, like you. > = > People who develop/operate services: > I think if we expose this topic to the research community, more people = > may join the discussion. If we take IoT as potential use cases, there ar= e = > many experts in IETF/IRTF. If we take the =E2=80=9Cresearch data sharing= =E2=80=9D as = > a starting use case, many researchers are themselves users or operators. > = > Cheers, > Jeffrey > = > =E5=8F=91=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org] = > =E4=BB=A3=E8=A1=A8 Dirk Kutscher > =E5=8F=91=E9=80=81=E6=97=B6=E9=97=B4: 2016=E5=B9=B44=E6=9C=8822=E6=97=A5= 20:40 > =E6=94=B6=E4=BB=B6=E4=BA=BA: Hejianfei (Jeffrey); din@irtf.org > =E4=B8=BB=E9=A2=98: Re: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (= for =E2=80=9Cupper = > layers=E2=80=9D) > = > Hi Jeffrey, > = > thanks for the discussion starter. > = > (All, Jeffrey=E2=80=99s presentation from BA is available at = > https://trac.tools.ietf.org/group/irtf/trac/wiki/blockchain-federation) > = > A few questions from my side: > = > Currently there seems to be a trend in the exact opposite direction, = > i.e., connectivity providers trying to provide extend their footprint on= = > the vertical value chain (e.g., ASPs moving into ISP territory, rolling = > out their own access or mobile/fixed carriers trying to become content = > providers). > = > Would you say that this is happening because of a lack of Internet-wide = > federation? Have you thought about what would motivate dominating player= s = > today to engage in federation? > = > From a research perspective, I=E2=80=99d be interested in figuring out t= he = > separation of =E2=80=9Chow to share and access the data=E2=80=9D from =E2= =80=9Chow to = > understand and process the data=E2=80=9D that you mentioned. For example= , I = > could see Internet federation emerging as a higher layer on top of an IC= N = > network layer. > = > Regarding how to organize/facilitate follow-up discussions, it would be = > great to get more views from people with different backgrounds = > (especially people who develop/operate services). > = > I am looking forward to that discussion. > = > Cheers, > Dirk > = > = > = > From: Din [mailto:din-bounces@irtf.org] On Behalf Of Hejianfei (Jeffrey) > Sent: Donnerstag, 21. April 2016 14:54 > To: din@irtf.org > Subject: [Din] how to build an Internet-wide federation (for =E2=80=9Cup= per = > layers=E2=80=9D) > = > Hi there, > = > An ice-breaking post? Hopefully! > During IETF-95, I gave a talk =E2=80=9CInternet-wide Federation=E2=80=9D= in the = > meeting =E2=80=9CDistributed Internet Architectures=E2=80=9D organized b= y Dirk. In = > fact, the main challenge I want to address is best stated in the latest = > European Horizon 2020 call: =E2=80=9D Current centralised platforms for = big and = > social data management consolidate the dominance of existing incumbent = > actors, stifling innovation and allowing less and less control over the = > data by citizens. Distributed architectures and decentralised platforms = > have a huge potential to enable the creation of viable alternatives to = > current dominant models.=E2=80=9D (ICT-12b, Horizon2020 Work Programme20= 16-2017) > P2P and federation are two modes of decentralized platform. In my view, = > =E2=80=9Cfederation=E2=80=9D is more promising. Note: Federation=3D =E2=80= =9Ca union of = > autonomous/peer domains=E2=80=9D, =E2=80=9Cclient a=E2=80=94server A=E2=80= =94server B=E2=80=94client = > b=E2=80=9D. > To build an Internet-wide federation with hundreds or thousands of = > domains, the main challenge is that the federation needs to be stable an= d = > avoid the fragmentation: the peering interfaces among domains have to = > keep stable so that this federation could grow to be Internet-wide. If = > these interfaces have to change with the introduction of new services, = > this Internet-wide federation will break into fragments and gradually = > fail when facing competition from the =E2=80=9Ccentralized service syste= m=E2=80=9D = > since the centralized platforms could can deploy new services overnight. > Using the experience of current Internet for reference, a layering = > architecture may be the correct direction. Assuming that information = > sharing is the mainstream usage of Internet, we may identify some = > functions common and stable to all services and implement them in the = > federation, while leave other dynamic functions at the edge of the = > infrastructure. It is still an open question how to separate the = > functions, but one possible approach is to separate =E2=80=9Chow to shar= e and = > access the data=E2=80=9D from =E2=80=9Chow to understand and process the= data=E2=80=9D. The = > federation itself implements only the first part of functions, such as := = > IDs for smart object/user/content, user relationships, federated = > authentication and authorization for access control, publishing and = > subscribing in an online-social-network style, etc. > = > Based on these initial thoughts, I think probably it would be interestin= g = > to the research community in IRTF, to investigate the challenges in = > building Internet-wide federation for data sharing for various scenarios= , = > and to explore design principles at the architectural level that can be = > used as guidelines for standardization in other communities like IETF. > If we could have a research group in IRTF, we could investigate several = > related areas, for examples: > - Understanding the requirements and challenges for potential new = > Internet-wide federations, including IoT, repository/data sharing, = > cloud2cloud etc. > - Architectural principles that may provide the scalability and = > stability required for an Internet-wide federation > - Systematic description of data and metadata, user and user group, = > devices generating data (like sensors), actuators.. > - Understanding the relationship between the federation of data = > sharing and the applications presenting or processing the data > - Security and privacy for data sharing, especially cross domains, in= = > a federation > - Efficiency of data retrieval and data processing in a distributed = > architecture > = > Cheers, > Jeffrey > = > = > _______________________________________________ > Din mailing list > Din@irtf.org > https://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/din > = > = > _______________________________________________ > Din mailing list > Din@irtf.org > https://www.irtf.org/mailman/listinfo/din > = From nobody Mon Apr 25 03:40:38 2016 Return-Path: X-Original-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: din@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 7F6DE12D57A for ; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 03:40:37 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -5.217 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-5.217 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H3=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01, RP_MATCHES_RCVD=-0.996, SPF_PASS=-0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id QeeTqEJuszD4 for ; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 03:40:34 -0700 (PDT) Received: from szxga01-in.huawei.com (szxga01-in.huawei.com [58.251.152.64]) (using TLSv1 with cipher RC4-SHA (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 8D6C712D12C for ; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 03:40:32 -0700 (PDT) Received: from 172.24.1.47 (EHLO SZXEMA417-HUB.china.huawei.com) ([172.24.1.47]) by szxrg01-dlp.huawei.com (MOS 4.3.7-GA FastPath queued) with ESMTP id DJK53567; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 18:39:50 +0800 (CST) Received: from SZXEMA507-MBX.china.huawei.com ([169.254.5.93]) by SZXEMA417-HUB.china.huawei.com ([10.82.72.34]) with mapi id 14.03.0235.001; Mon, 25 Apr 2016 18:39:46 +0800 From: "Hejianfei (Jeffrey)" To: Jon Crowcroft , Dirk Kutscher Thread-Topic: =?utf-8?B?W0Rpbl0g562U5aSNOiBob3cgdG8gYnVpbGQgYW4gSW50ZXJuZXQtd2lkZSBm?= =?utf-8?B?ZWRlcmF0aW9uIChmb3Ig4oCcdXBwZXIgbGF5ZXJz4oCdKQ==?= Thread-Index: AdGbxc+1C1ZOuUlCSH2uhua11OvpkwABfgFgADGTJeAAAs6L4AAbdSmAAEZEFoAAG+B3gAARGMWA Date: Mon, 25 Apr 2016 10:39:45 +0000 Message-ID: References: <82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B56D6@PALLENE.office.hd> <82AB329A76E2484D934BBCA77E9F5249AF2B9910@PALLENE.office.hd> In-Reply-To: Accept-Language: zh-CN, en-US Content-Language: zh-CN X-MS-Has-Attach: X-MS-TNEF-Correlator: x-originating-ip: [10.46.8.235] Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 MIME-Version: 1.0 X-CFilter-Loop: Reflected X-Mirapoint-Virus-RAPID-Raw: score=unknown(0), refid=str=0001.0A0B0204.571DF3F9.01C0, ss=1, re=0.000, recu=0.000, reip=0.000, cl=1, cld=1, fgs=0, ip=169.254.5.93, so=2013-06-18 04:22:30, dmn=2013-03-21 17:37:32 X-Mirapoint-Loop-Id: 843ef9171b58d9331dca0e266d8356de Archived-At: Cc: "din@irtf.org" Subject: [Din] =?utf-8?b?562U5aSNOiAg562U5aSNOiBob3cgdG8gYnVpbGQgYW4gSW50?= =?utf-8?q?ernet-wide_federation_=28for_=E2=80=9Cupper_layers=E2=80=9D=29?= X-BeenThere: din@irtf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.17 Precedence: list List-Id: "Discussion of distributed Internet Infrastructure approaches, aspects such as Service Federation, and underlying technologies" List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 25 Apr 2016 10:40:37 -0000 SSBhZ3JlZSB0aGF0ICJ0aGVyZSdzIGxpdHRsZSBpbmNlbnRpdmUgdG8gZGlzYWdncmVnYXRlIGFu IGV4aXN0aW5nIHNlcnZpY2UiLCBzbyBJIHN1Z2dlc3QgdG8gYWRkcmVzcyBuZXcgYXJlYXMsIGZv ciBpbnN0YW5jZSBJb1Qgb3Igc2NpZW50aWZpYyBkYXRhIHNoYXJpbmcgZXRjLCByYXRoZXIgdGhh 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