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From: Olaf Kolkman <olaf@ripe.net>
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: DNSEXT list policy
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- List Purpose

  namedroppers@ops.ietf.org is the mailing list for the IETF DNSEXT
  working group.  

  See <http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/dnsext-charter.html> for the
  wg charter.  Messages should be on topics appropriate to the dnsext
  wg, which are various discussion of the DNS protocols or
  administrivia of the WG itself.

- Specific items that are not not appropriate for posting

  Calls for papers, announcements of events not directly relevant to
  the DNS protocols, etc. are not appropriate.  

  Discussion of problems with particular implementations,
  announcements of releases, sites' misconfigurations, pleas for help
  with specific implementations, etc.  should be done on mailing lists
  for the particular implementations.

  There is a working group for dns operational practice, DNSOP, whose
  charter can be found at
  <http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/dnsop-charter.html>. Items
  relevant to the DNSOP charter are to be discussed on the DNSOP
  mailinglist.

  Discussion about the quality of implementations is outside the scope
  of this list.

- Moderation

  Moderation is based on "subscriber-only with spam filter". To
  counter a certain class of spam mails messages over 20000
  characters, originating from list subscribers, will be held for
  moderations.

  Questions or concerns related to the acceptance or rejection of
  specific messages to the namedroppers mailing list should first be
  discussed with the wg chairs, with followup appeals using the normal
  appeals process of rfc 2026 (i.e. follup with area directors, then
  iesg, etc.).

  There is a mailing list for the discussion of ietf processes, which
  includes any general discussion of the moderation of ietf mailing
  lists.  it is poised@lists.tislabs.com

  
---

NOTE WELL:

All statements related to the activities of the IETF and addressed to the 
IETF are subject to all provisions of Section 10 of RFC 2026, which grants 
to the IETF and its participants certain licenses and rights in such 
statements.

Such statements include verbal statements in IETF meetings, as well as 
written and electronic communications made at any time or place, which are 
addressed to

    - the IETF plenary session,
    - any IETF working group or portion thereof,
    - the IESG, or any member thereof on behalf of the IESG,
    - the IAB or any member thereof on behalf of the IAB,
    - any IETF mailing list, including the IETF list itself,
      any working group or design team list, or any other list
      functioning under IETF auspices,
    - the RFC Editor or the Internet-Drafts function

Statements made outside of an IETF meeting, mailing list or other function, 
that are clearly not intended to be input to an IETF activity, group or 
function, are not subject to these provisions.


----------------------------------------------------------------------
$Id: dnsext-list-policy.txt,v 1.8 2005/01/12 15:54:51 olaf Exp $

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  1 18:50:57 2005
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To: IETF-Announce <ietf-announce@ietf.org>
From: The IESG <iesg-secretary@ietf.org>
Subject: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification'
         to Proposed Standard 
Reply-to: iesg@ietf.org
CC: <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
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The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider the 
following document:

- 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
   <draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard

The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
final comments on this action.  Please send any comments to the
iesg@ietf.org or ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2005-02-15.

The file can be obtained via
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  1 23:46:52 2005
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Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2005 04:39:43 +0000
From: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
To: iesg@ietf.org
Cc: IETF-Announce <ietf-announce@ietf.org>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard
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 fast track eh?  its very helpful of the IESG to consider this proposed 
standard at this time when the WG has not seen the material.  the ID was
released -today-.... perhaps you would consider that some folks might like
to read said document and consider it -before- placing it on the fast track.
Or is this one in some special way unique so that it is being rushed through?

Olaf/Olafur, whats up w/ this?



On Tue, Feb 01, 2005 at 06:43:09PM -0500, The IESG wrote:
> The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider the 
> following document:
> 
> - 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
>    <draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard
> 
> The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
> final comments on this action.  Please send any comments to the
> iesg@ietf.org or ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2005-02-15.
> 
> The file can be obtained via
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt
> 
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 03:13:46 2005
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
cc: iesg@ietf.org, IETF-Announce <ietf-announce@ietf.org>,
        namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-Reply-To: <20050202043943.GA8153@vacation.karoshi.com.> 
References: <20050202043943.GA8153@vacation.karoshi.com.>  <E1Cw7fp-0001va-NZ@megatron.ietf.org> 
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    Date:        Wed, 2 Feb 2005 04:39:43 +0000
    From:        bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
    Message-ID:  <20050202043943.GA8153@vacation.karoshi.com.>

  |  fast track eh?  its very helpful of the IESG to consider this proposed 
  | standard at this time when the WG has not seen the material.  the ID was
  | released -today-.... perhaps you would consider that some folks might like
  | to read said document and consider it -before- placing it on the fast track.
  | Or is this one in some special way unique so that it is being rushed through?

Huh?

Slow track more likely.   The request for the last call on this was
sent last November, so it has taken almost 3 months for the last call
to get issued.

Of course, events seem to have made clear why - the last call request
was for the -04 version, it seems that someone decided they needed to
wait for a new version to appear - as soon as that appeared, the last
call was dispatched (as I recall, that is even semi-automated - the
fact that the draft appears causes the last call to be transmitted,
without much in the way of oversight of the process).

None of this is unusual at all.

In this case, what may be considered unusual, is that there has been
no mention on the namedroppers list of the need for the -05 draft, nothing
about what required it, and nothing about what has changed in it.   Maybe
the draft says that - but if it is the version that is to be published as
an RFC, it shouldn't (RFCs should not contain info about what changed
in the last few versions of the I-D, nor should they be having that kind
of information editorially deleted after approval).

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 08:52:55 2005
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Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2005 08:48:27 -0500 (EST)
From: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
X-X-Sender: donaldeastlakeiii@mini.pothole.com
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Cc: iesg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-Reply-To: <11972.1107330243@munnari.OZ.AU>
Message-ID: <Pine.OSX.4.62.0502020843280.27958@mini.pothole.com>
References: <20050202043943.GA8153@vacation.karoshi.com.> 
 <E1Cw7fp-0001va-NZ@megatron.ietf.org>  <11972.1107330243@munnari.OZ.AU>
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This draft has fairly clear notes towards the end documenting all the 
changes since version -02. It has been percolating slowly through the 
system for a LONG time, like years, due to other higher priorities in 
DNSEXT. The changes from -04 to -05 are, in my opinion, extremely minor 
and were the changes suggested by our Area Direction. Cutting and 
pasting from the draft they are:

-04 to -05 Changes

    The following changes were made between draft versions -04 and -05:

    1. More clearly state that this draft updates RFCs 1034, 1035 [STD
    13].

    2. Add informative references to ISO 8859-1 and ISO 8859-2.

    3. Fix hyphenation and capitalization nits.

Thanks,
Donald
  ====================================================================
  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd                       dee3@torque.pothole.com
  155 Beaver Street              +1-508-634-2066(h) +1-508-786-7554(w)
  Milford, MA 01757 USA                   Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com

On Wed, 2 Feb 2005, Robert Elz wrote:

> Date: Wed, 02 Feb 2005 14:44:03 +0700
> From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
> To: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
> Cc: iesg@ietf.org, IETF-Announce <ietf-announce@ietf.org>,
>     namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
>     Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
> 
>    Date:        Wed, 2 Feb 2005 04:39:43 +0000
>    From:        bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
>    Message-ID:  <20050202043943.GA8153@vacation.karoshi.com.>
>
>  |  fast track eh?  its very helpful of the IESG to consider this proposed
>  | standard at this time when the WG has not seen the material.  the ID was
>  | released -today-.... perhaps you would consider that some folks might like
>  | to read said document and consider it -before- placing it on the fast track.
>  | Or is this one in some special way unique so that it is being rushed through?
>
> Huh?
>
> Slow track more likely.   The request for the last call on this was
> sent last November, so it has taken almost 3 months for the last call
> to get issued.
>
> Of course, events seem to have made clear why - the last call request
> was for the -04 version, it seems that someone decided they needed to
> wait for a new version to appear - as soon as that appeared, the last
> call was dispatched (as I recall, that is even semi-automated - the
> fact that the draft appears causes the last call to be transmitted,
> without much in the way of oversight of the process).
>
> None of this is unusual at all.
>
> In this case, what may be considered unusual, is that there has been
> no mention on the namedroppers list of the need for the -05 draft, nothing
> about what required it, and nothing about what has changed in it.   Maybe
> the draft says that - but if it is the version that is to be published as
> an RFC, it shouldn't (RFCs should not contain info about what changed
> in the last few versions of the I-D, nor should they be having that kind
> of information editorially deleted after approval).
>
> kre
>
>
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
>
>

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 09:40:05 2005
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To: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
cc: iesg@ietf.org, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-Reply-To: Message from bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com 
   of "Wed, 02 Feb 2005 04:39:43 GMT." <20050202043943.GA8153@vacation.karoshi.com.> 
Date: Wed, 02 Feb 2005 09:35:45 -0500
From: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>
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>  fast track eh?  its very helpful of the IESG to consider this proposed 
> standard at this time when the WG has not seen the material.  the ID was
> released -today-.... perhaps you would consider that some folks might like
> to read said document and consider it -before- placing it on the fast track.
> Or is this one in some special way unique so that it is being rushed
> through?

Hi Bill.

The document is hardling being rushed through.

WG asked that it be advanced, like back in November or so. The request
was sent to the secretariat (as is the proper procedure), but the
document didn't get added to ID tracker like it should have, so I
didn't realize it was on my plate. When I noticed (last week), I
reviewed the doc, sent some questions to the author/chairs, and the
result is a new revision. I was waiting for the new version before
starting the last call.

You can see the specific review comments in ID tracker if you want,
but they are pretty unexciting, as are the changes in the new version.

Thomas

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 09:55:53 2005
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Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
  Clarification' to Proposed Standard
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 23:39 01/02/2005, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:

>  fast track eh?  its very helpful of the IESG to consider this proposed
>standard at this time when the WG has not seen the material.  the ID was
>released -today-.... perhaps you would consider that some folks might like
>to read said document and consider it -before- placing it on the fast track.
>Or is this one in some special way unique so that it is being rushed through?
>
>Olaf/Olafur, whats up w/ this?

This draft was processed in the working group, last call announcement:
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2003/msg01486.html

But due the fact that yours truly dropped the ball, the advancement
notice did not go out for over a year:
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2004/msg02064.html


Then there was another delay before AD approved the draft for
LC. So we ended up with 18 months from start of WG last call to
start of IETF LC.

         The fault for this slow process is mostly mine.
         Olafur

PS: moral ping your WG chairs regularly if they have action items.  


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From: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
To: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
Cc: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com, iesg@ietf.org,
        IETF-Announce <ietf-announce@ietf.org>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard
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On Wed, Feb 02, 2005 at 02:44:03PM +0700, Robert Elz wrote:
>     Date:        Wed, 2 Feb 2005 04:39:43 +0000
>     From:        bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
>     Message-ID:  <20050202043943.GA8153@vacation.karoshi.com.>
> 
>   |  fast track eh?  its very helpful of the IESG to consider this proposed 
>   | standard at this time when the WG has not seen the material.  the ID was
>   | released -today-.... perhaps you would consider that some folks might like
>   | to read said document and consider it -before- placing it on the fast track.
>   | Or is this one in some special way unique so that it is being rushed through?
> 
> Huh?
> 
> Slow track more likely.   The request for the last call on this was
> sent last November, so it has taken almost 3 months for the last call
> to get issued.

	Ah... that option I had not considered. Sorry for the
	hasty outburst.

> Of course, events seem to have made clear why - the last call request
> was for the -04 version, it seems that someone decided they needed to
> wait for a new version to appear - as soon as that appeared, the last
> call was dispatched (as I recall, that is even semi-automated - the
> fact that the draft appears causes the last call to be transmitted,
> without much in the way of oversight of the process).
> 
> None of this is unusual at all.

	seems wrong to me, but what do i know.

 
> In this case, what may be considered unusual, is that there has been
> no mention on the namedroppers list of the need for the -05 draft, nothing
> about what required it, and nothing about what has changed in it.   Maybe
> the draft says that - but if it is the version that is to be published as
> an RFC, it shouldn't (RFCs should not contain info about what changed
> in the last few versions of the I-D, nor should they be having that kind
> of information editorially deleted after approval).

	yes.  thank you for being clear.
> 
> kre

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--On 2. februar 2005 14:44 +0700 Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU> wrote:

> In this case, what may be considered unusual, is that there has been
> no mention on the namedroppers list of the need for the -05 draft, nothing
> about what required it, and nothing about what has changed in it.   Maybe
> the draft says that - but if it is the version that is to be published as
> an RFC, it shouldn't (RFCs should not contain info about what changed
> in the last few versions of the I-D, nor should they be having that kind
> of information editorially deleted after approval).

Yes, they should.




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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 18:23:44 2005
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From: Simon Josefsson <jas@extundo.com>
To: Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: rfc2538bis IANA considerations
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Hi Sam, thanks for your comments, both in private and on the list.

Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com> writes:

> -- Ask IANA to add a citation to 2538bis for algorithm 0 -- it's
>    already marked reserved, but 2538 explains why it needs to
>    remain reserved.  You might even rename it to 'CERT RR private'
>    or somesuch.
>
> -- Ask IANA to add the CERT RR to the list of type codes that use this
>    registry.  That may encourage the next fool who comes along and
>    wants to change or reuse the registry to remember CERT, as we
>    forgot to do in 2004.

Do you think anything should go into 2538bis to achieve this?

> -- Can CERTs use private algorithms (type 253/254)?  If so, do you
>    still want to use the same encoding as for KEY/DNSKEY, with the
>    algorithm in the RDATA?  Some explicit mention of the private
>    algorithms might be a good idea, in any case.  Also note David
>    Blacka's DNSSEC experiment draft, which encourages use of
>    the private algorithms.

I have no idea how to address this, nor can I answer the question.  I
hope that others will give input on this.

> -- Given that 3755 added applicablility columns to the algorithm
>    registry (see the registry itself and 3755 for details), do you
>    want another column for CERT, along with a requirement that new
>    algorithm definitions say whether they can be used for CERTs or
>    not?

It seem to require some work for new algorithm definers.  My
experience is that the key tag and algorithm fields of CERT RRs are
rarely useful, nor consistently populated.  So the additional work
will lead to little practical advantage, in my opinion.  That would
suggest we shouldn't worry about this.

However, this seem to be more of a process issue, than a technical
concern, so I'd be interested to hear what others feel.

>    If you want to reuse all algorithms registers, the doc should
>    say that (and the registry probably should, too).  Suggested
>    registry text for the 'reuse all' option might be:
>
> OLD:  The KEY, SIG, DNSKEY, RRSIG, and DS RRs use an 8-bit number used
>       to identify the security algorithm being used.
>
>       Some algorithms are usable only for zone signing (DNSSEC), some
>       only for transaction security mechanisms (SIG(0) and TSIG), and
>       some for both.  Those usable for zone signing may appear in
>       DNSKEY, RRSIG, and DS RRs.  Those usable for SIG(0) and TSIG may
>       appear in SIG and KEY RRs.
>
> NEW:  The KEY, SIG, DNSKEY, RRSIG, DS, and CERT RRs use an 8-bit
>       number used to identify the security algorithm being used.
>
>       All algorithm numbers in this registry may be used in CERT RRs.
>       Some algorithms are not usable for zone signing (DNSSEC) and
>       some are not usable for transaction security mechanisms (SIG(0)
>       and TSIG).  Only those usable for zone signing may appear in
>       DNSKEY, RRSIG, and DS RRs.  Only those usable for SIG(0) and
>       TSIG may appear in SIG and KEY RRs.

Could we suggest something in the IANA section, to perhaps get IANA's
attention to make this change?  Suggestions appreciated.

Thanks,
Simon

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 19:20:02 2005
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Subject: Re: RFC 2538bis
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Dear All:

I received several suggestions both on the list and privately, so I
have updated the document and submitted -01 to the IETF.  Meanwhile it
is available at:

http://josefsson.org/rfc2538bis/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2538bis.txt

I believe the document is ready for last call.

More stuff, like a diff against RFC 2538, is also available:

http://josefsson.org/rfc2538bis/

However, there are at least two matters that could use discussion:

* This version add the "indirect" types IPKIX, ISPKI and IPGP as
  suggested recently to the list by Ben.  I encourage the WG to
  consider this idea, so I can gauge consensus on it.  As far as I
  know, it has not been implemented yet.  I suspect this means we are
  on the PROPOSED-recycle rather than DRAFT track for 2538bis.  It
  does solve a major practical concern with RFC 2538, so I believe the
  idea has merit, but remain open to any criticism.

* The SPKI types.  The document reads:

   The SPKI type is reserved to indicate a certificate formated as to be
   specified by the IETF SPKI working group.

  The SPKI WG seem to have shut down.  RFC 2693 is EXPERIMENTAL, which
  means it could only be an information reference, if 2538bis is
  aiming for PROPOSED.  I suggest changing the above into 'The SPKI
  type is reserved for use with SPKI certificates', and drop the ISPKI
  type.  Then someone with sufficient SPKI expertise can update the
  document later on to say what is needed to use SPKI certificates
  inside CERT RRs.  I think this is better than me trying to guess
  what might work for SPKI people.

Thanks,
Simon

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ok, let me know how you feel about what's on the website
now.

On Thu, Jan 20, 2005 at 09:31:20AM -0600, wayne wrote:
| 
| Hi Meng
| 
| The web page http://spf.pobox.com/rfcs.html still lists the Lentczner
| draft of Oct 2004 as the "current SPF Protocol Specification" and
| still says that a "libspf2" version will be available shortly.
| 
| I know I've asked you to update the libspf2 part last Nov, and I guess
| I had assumed that you would update the "current spec" part after the
| council meetings.  I realize that you are very busy right now with the
| EL contract stuff, but could you please update that page?  It is
| causing confusion in the IETF.
| 
| Also, if you could review the current draft and tell me what needs to
| be changed, I would greatly appreciate it.  Again, I realize that you
| are very busy right now, but if the IETF decides to advance it,
| changes will be harder.
| 
| 
| -wayne
| 

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The IESG writes ("Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity  Clarification' to Proposed Standard "):
> The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider the 
> following document:
> 
> - 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
>    <draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard

I am astounded that this much-needed clarification document still
fails to unambiguously specify exactly which DNS labels are to be
considered equivalent !  In particular, it fails to state clearly that
the results of the comparison depends only on the individual separate
comparisons of corresponding octets, and it fails to give a clearly
stated (and clearly stated to be exhaustive) specification of the set
of equivalence classes for octets.

For example, it is not 100% clear, according to
draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05, whether an implementation may
consider 0xCC as equivalent to 0xEC.  An implementor trying to defend
a bizarre and ancient implementation might argue that `0xCC is upper
case L with top bit set, which compares equal to 0xEC because 0xEC is
lower case L with top bit set'.  This appears, on the face of it, to
be difficult to square with the example of 0xDD != 0xFD, but 0xDD and
0xFD are not `ASCII letters with the top bit set'.  This shows the
danger of attempting to specify almost entirely by example !

I suggest the addition of text along the following lines, after
section 3.3:

 3.4. Equivalence of label strings

 Two labels of type 0x0 MUST be considered equivalent if they are of
 the same length and every octet in one label is considered equivalent
 to the corresponding octet in the other label.  Otherwise the labels
 MUST be considered and treated as different labels.

 A pair of octets MUST be considered equivalent according to the
 following rules:

  A. One octets is in the range 0x41-0x5A (upper case ASCII
     letters) and the other is in the range 0x61-0x7A (lower case
     ASCII letters):

     They MUST be considered equivalent if the octet values differ by
     exactly 0x20, and MUST be considered NOT equivalent if the octet
     values differ by some different amount.

  B. Any other pair of octets (ie, at least one of the two octets
     outside either of the two ranges in B above, or both of the
     octets in the same one of the two ranges in B above):

     They MUST be considered equivalent if their octet values are the
     same, and MUST be considered NOT equivalent if they differ.

Ian.


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From: Bruce Lilly <blilly@erols.com>
Reply-To: ietf@ietf.org
Organization: Bruce Lilly
To: ietf@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard
Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2005 14:19:29 -0500
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>  Date: 2005-02-01 18:43
>  From: The IESG <iesg-secretary@ietf.org>
>  To: IETF-Announce <ietf-announce@ietf.org>
>  CC: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
=20
> The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider th=
e=20
> following document:
>=20
> - 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
> =C2=A0 =C2=A0<draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard
>=20
> The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
> final comments on this action. =C2=A0Please send any comments to the
> iesg@ietf.org or ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2005-02-15.

Bravo!  I have one question and one related note:

Q: Why is the reference to "ASCII" given as the 1968 version rather
   than ANSI INCITS 4-1986 (R2002)?  [N.B. no typos, the dates really
   are 1968 and 1986]

On a related note, RFC 2822 introduced a syntactic mechanism to
prohibit line folding within the domain part of message identifiers.
One individual regards that as a declaration that the domain names
in such identifiers have magically become case-sensitive (refs:
http://www.imc.org/ietf-822/mail-archive/msg04712.html
http://www.imc.org/ietf-822/mail-archive/msg04876.html
http://www.imc.org/ietf-822/mail-archive/msg04909.html
http://www.imc.org/ietf-822/mail-archive/msg04969.html ). It has
been an item on my list of things to do to write a draft clarifying
the syntactic issue, and its null effect on the right-hand side of
identifier semantics as domain indication, reaffirming case-
insensitivity.  It would be nice if the draft under discussion
were to address that specific issue, obviating the need for a
separate document clarifying 2822.  On the other hand, if it does
not, at least it can serve as a reference for such a separate
document.



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--On Wednesday, 02 February, 2005 14:19 -0500 Bruce Lilly
<blilly@erols.com> wrote:

>...
> Q: Why is the reference to "ASCII" given as the 1968 version
> rather    than ANSI INCITS 4-1986 (R2002)?  [N.B. no typos,
> the dates really    are 1968 and 1986]
>...

Because some incompatible changes were made in the ASCII
definition in the early 70s that would have fouled up the
"network virtual terminal" character set.  You will find that
X3.4-1968 is referenced in most Internet applications protocols
that require an ASCII reference, include those for telnet, ftp,
and the email base protocols as well as the DNS ones.

   john






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  *> 
  *> 
  *> --On Wednesday, 02 February, 2005 14:19 -0500 Bruce Lilly
  *> <blilly@erols.com> wrote:
  *> 
  *> >...
  *> > Q: Why is the reference to "ASCII" given as the 1968 version
  *> > rather    than ANSI INCITS 4-1986 (R2002)?  [N.B. no typos,
  *> > the dates really    are 1968 and 1986]
  *> >...
  *> 
  *> Because some incompatible changes were made in the ASCII
  *> definition in the early 70s that would have fouled up the
  *> "network virtual terminal" character set.  You will find that
  *> X3.4-1968 is referenced in most Internet applications protocols
  *> that require an ASCII reference, include those for telnet, ftp,
  *> and the email base protocols as well as the DNS ones.
  *> 
  *>    john
  *> 


Presumably, this is the character set defined in RFC 20 ...?

Bob


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From: Bruce Lilly <blilly@erols.com>
Reply-To: ietf@ietf.org
Organization: Bruce Lilly
To: ietf@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case =?utf-8?q?Insensitivity=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0=C2=A0Clarification=27_to?=
 =?utf-8?q?_Proposed?= Standard
Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2005 19:27:29 -0500
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 [ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by 
   a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.  
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>  Date: 2005-02-02 15:15
>  From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>

> Because some incompatible changes were made in the ASCII
> definition in the early 70s that would have fouled up the
> "network virtual terminal" character set.

OK, but I doubt that that would affect the case-insensitivity
issue that is the subject of the draft.  In any event, on
reviewing the one citation in the text to that reference, I
see that it's a chronological reference rather than substantive.
The first DNS RFCs were RFCs 881-883, ca. 1983, so it's a bit
misleading to point to a document which was at that time a
decade and a half old, and by which time changes made in the
early 70's were a decade old.  Not a big issue in any event.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 21:43:50 2005
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From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
cc: ietf@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
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 [ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by 
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On Tuesday, February 01, 2005 06:43:09 PM -0500 The IESG 
<iesg-secretary@ietf.org> wrote:

> The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider
> the  following document:
>
> - 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
>    <draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard


The document in question states:

   One typographic convention for octets that do not correspond to an
   ASCII printing graphic is to use a back-slash followed by the value
   of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by exactly three
   decimal digits.


While this is literally true, the _common_ convention is to use a backslash 
followed by the value of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by 
exactly three _octal_ digits.  This is the syntax used by programming 
languages like C and perl.  For example, ASCII ESC (0x1b) is represented as 
\033, not \027.

-- Jeffrey T. Hutzelman (N3NHS) <jhutz+@cmu.edu>
   Sr. Research Systems Programmer
   School of Computer Science - Research Computing Facility
   Carnegie Mellon University - Pittsburgh, PA



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 22:12:08 2005
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To: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, ietf@ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 02 Feb 2005 20:36:50 CDT."
             <B1779EF74E2F7C3B5FA2E47E@SIRIUS.FAC.CS.CMU.EDU> 
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> 
>  [ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by 
>    a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.  
>    With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore 
>    delete relevant posts by non-subscribers. Please fix your 
>    subscription addresses. ]
> 
> 
> 
> On Tuesday, February 01, 2005 06:43:09 PM -0500 The IESG 
> <iesg-secretary@ietf.org> wrote:
> 
> > The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider
> > the  following document:
> >
> > - 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
> >    <draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard
> 
> 
> The document in question states:
> 
>    One typographic convention for octets that do not correspond to an
>    ASCII printing graphic is to use a back-slash followed by the value
>    of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by exactly three
>    decimal digits.
> 
> 
> While this is literally true, the _common_ convention is to use a backslash 
> followed by the value of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by 
> exactly three _octal_ digits.  This is the syntax used by programming 
> languages like C and perl.  For example, ASCII ESC (0x1b) is represented as 
> \033, not \027.

	The C convention also has \t, \r, \f, \n none of which are
	the special in domain labels.

	We are not trying to change conventions here.  It is irrelevent
	that C has a different convention.
	
--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 22:38:57 2005
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Subject: Re: confusion caused by http://spf.pobox.com/rfcs.html
From: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
To: Meng Weng Wong <mengwong@dumbo.pobox.com>
Cc: IETF DNSEXT WG <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
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On Wed, 2005-02-02 at 21:16 -0500, Meng Weng Wong wrote:
> ok, let me know how you feel about what's on the website
> now.

The current draft is listed, with the SPF classic draft, and also
Sender-ID as a basis for the same record?

-Doug


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 22:44:03 2005
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From: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Cc: iesg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
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The context is clearly Master Files where the syntax is as given.
For the purposes of this document, which is clarification of the 
existing DNS conventions, what does it matter what is done elsewhere?

However, unless there is objection, I'd be happy to change the relevant 
sentence by inserting "in Master Files" so it reads:

    One typographic convention in Master Files for octets that do not
    correspond to an ASCII printing graphic is to use a back-slash
    followed by the value of the octet as an unsigned integer
    represented by exactly three decimal digits.

Thanks,
Donald
  ====================================================================
  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd                       dee3@torque.pothole.com
  155 Beaver Street              +1-508-634-2066(h) +1-508-786-7554(w)
  Milford, MA 01757 USA                   Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com

On Wed, 2 Feb 2005, Jeffrey Hutzelman wrote:

> Date: Wed, 02 Feb 2005 20:36:50 -0500
> From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
> To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> Cc: ietf@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
>     Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
>
> On Tuesday, February 01, 2005 06:43:09 PM -0500 The IESG 
> <iesg-secretary@ietf.org> wrote:
>
>> The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider
>> the  following document:
>> 
>> - 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
>>    <draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard
>
> The document in question states:
>
>  One typographic convention for octets that do not correspond to an
>  ASCII printing graphic is to use a back-slash followed by the value
>  of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by exactly three
>  decimal digits.
>
> While this is literally true, the _common_ convention is to use a backslash 
> followed by the value of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by 
> exactly three _octal_ digits.  This is the syntax used by programming 
> languages like C and perl.  For example, ASCII ESC (0x1b) is represented as 
> \033, not \027.
>
> -- Jeffrey T. Hutzelman (N3NHS) <jhutz+@cmu.edu>
>  Sr. Research Systems Programmer
>  School of Computer Science - Research Computing Facility
>  Carnegie Mellon University - Pittsburgh, PA

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  2 22:53:15 2005
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Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2005 22:51:14 -0500 (EST)
From: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard
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See responses below:

On Wed, 2 Feb 2005 Dan.Anderson@dtn.com wrote:

> Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2005 12:51:40 -0600
> From: Dan.Anderson@dtn.com
> To: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
> Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
>     Clarification' to Proposed Standard
> 
> Not that any of it probably really matters in the whole scheme of things
> but...
>
>> 4.2 DNS Input Case Preservation
>> When a node in the DNS name tree is created by any of
>>   such inputs
>
> This might be a regional thing, but I'd leave the "of" out.

I'm not inclined to make this change.

>> However,
>>   when a name label is input for a node that already exist in DNS data
>>   being held, the situation is more complex.
>
> 'exists' instead of 'exist'?

Yes.

>> Implementations may retain
>>   the case first input for such a label or allow new input to override
>>   the old case or even maintain separate copies preserving the input
>>   case.
>
> 'MAY' versus 'may'

Yes, seems right to me to be MAY.

>> as the first resourced record under owner name "xyz.BAR.example"
>
> 'resourced' or 'resource'?

Yes, "resource".

>> However, the individual octets of which DNS names consist are not
>>   limited to valid ASCII character codes. They are 8-bit bytes and all
>>   values are allowed.
>
> Which RFC states this?  Should it be referenced?

Well, I could check whether 1034 or 1035 is the best reference but the 
purpose of this document is, afterall to clarify 1034 and 1035 so in 
some sense the influcen is going in the other direction...

> Thanks
>
> Dan Anderson, CISSP, SCSA
> UNIX Team Leader
> DTN
> 9110 West Dodge Road
> Omaha, NE 68114
>
> dan.anderson@dtn.com
> Phone: 1-402-255-8371
> Fax: 1-402-255-8460
> www.dtn.com

Thanks,
Donald
  ====================================================================
  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd                       dee3@torque.pothole.com
  155 Beaver Street              +1-508-634-2066(h) +1-508-786-7554(w)
  Milford, MA 01757 USA                   Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com

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To: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, iesg@ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 02 Feb 2005 22:41:43 CDT."
             <Pine.OSX.4.62.0502022237520.5841@mini.pothole.com> 
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> The context is clearly Master Files where the syntax is as given.
> For the purposes of this document, which is clarification of the 
> existing DNS conventions, what does it matter what is done elsewhere?
> 
> However, unless there is objection, I'd be happy to change the relevant 
> sentence by inserting "in Master Files" so it reads:
> 
>     One typographic convention in Master Files for octets that do not
>     correspond to an ASCII printing graphic is to use a back-slash
>     followed by the value of the octet as an unsigned integer
>     represented by exactly three decimal digits.
> 
> Thanks,
> Donald
>   ====================================================================
>   Donald E. Eastlake 3rd                       dee3@torque.pothole.com
>   155 Beaver Street              +1-508-634-2066(h) +1-508-786-7554(w)
>   Milford, MA 01757 USA                   Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com

	The convention applies whereever domain names are entered.
 
> On Wed, 2 Feb 2005, Jeffrey Hutzelman wrote:
> 
> > Date: Wed, 02 Feb 2005 20:36:50 -0500
> > From: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
> > To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> > Cc: ietf@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
> >     Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
> >
> > On Tuesday, February 01, 2005 06:43:09 PM -0500 The IESG 
> > <iesg-secretary@ietf.org> wrote:
> >
> >> The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider
> >> the  following document:
> >> 
> >> - 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
> >>    <draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard
> >
> > The document in question states:
> >
> >  One typographic convention for octets that do not correspond to an
> >  ASCII printing graphic is to use a back-slash followed by the value
> >  of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by exactly three
> >  decimal digits.
> >
> > While this is literally true, the _common_ convention is to use a backslash
>  
> > followed by the value of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by 
> > exactly three _octal_ digits.  This is the syntax used by programming 
> > languages like C and perl.  For example, ASCII ESC (0x1b) is represented as
>  
> > \033, not \027.
> >
> > -- Jeffrey T. Hutzelman (N3NHS) <jhutz+@cmu.edu>
> >  Sr. Research Systems Programmer
> >  School of Computer Science - Research Computing Facility
> >  Carnegie Mellon University - Pittsburgh, PA
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
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--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  3 08:51:38 2005
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From: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
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Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard
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Just to be clear, I didn't make any decisions here. This typographic 
convention for DNS names was adopted long ago. See RFCs 1034, 1035.

Thanks,
Donald

PS: I don't believe it is worth the time of everyone on the IETF list to 
see this stuff so I have been consistently changing ietf@ietf.org to 
iesg@ietf.org as an addressee.
  ====================================================================
  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd                       dee3@torque.pothole.com
  155 Beaver Street              +1-508-634-2066(h) +1-508-786-7554(w)
  Milford, MA 01757 USA                   Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com

On Thu, 3 Feb 2005, stanislav shalunov wrote:

> Date: 03 Feb 2005 00:54:29 -0500
> From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
> To: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
> Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, ietf@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
>     	Clarification' to Proposed Standard
> 
> Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu> writes:
>
>> [..T]he _common_ convention is to use a backslash followed by the
>> value of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by exactly
>> three _octal_ digits.  This is the syntax used by programming
>> languages like C and perl.  For example, ASCII ESC (0x1b) is
>> represented as \033, not \027.
>
> Actually, the convention used in C and Perl is to use \0, followed by
> zero, one, or two octal digits (leaving some values of octets without
> representation).
>
> I personally think it's a poor convention as it uses varying number of
> digits, so it becomes difficult to represent, say, the NUL character
> followed by the digit "1".  (I still use the convention in cases when
> it is familiar to most from documentation, e.g., "\015\012" in Perl.)
>
> A reasonable convention is hexadecimal: backslash, followed by the
> letter x, followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits; e.g., "\x1b" for
> ESC.  This notation, while looking familiar, has differences from both
> Perl and C hex notations: in Perl, you can have just a single hex
> digit following ``backslash x'', while in C you can have arbitrarily
> many.
>
> With the common conventions so unnecessarily complex and difficult to
> use, it doesn't surprise me that the document authors chose to use a
> nonstandard one.  I'd have chosen a different one (hex with exactly
> two digits, which won't deceive C and Perl programmers in the same way
> "\027" meant for ESC would), but that's just a minor typographic
> convention.
>
> -- 
> Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/
>
> This message is designed to be viewed with 0.06479891g of NaCl.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Ietf mailing list
> Ietf@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ietf
>
>

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  3 08:51:39 2005
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From: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
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To: Ian Jackson <ijackson@chiark.greenend.org.uk>
Cc: iesg@ietf.org, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
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I think it is just a matter of style. As a clarification updating RFCs 
1034 and 1035, the import is exactly the same as your suggested text. It 
is just that it is in the style of commentary. If there is consensus to 
do so, I suppose I could rewrite the whole document in Official 
Standards Very Harsh Imperative Style, as you suggest.

Thanks,
Donald
  ====================================================================
  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd                       dee3@torque.pothole.com
  155 Beaver Street              +1-508-634-2066(h) +1-508-786-7554(w)
  Milford, MA 01757 USA                   Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com

On Wed, 2 Feb 2005, Ian Jackson wrote:

> Date: Wed, 2 Feb 2005 15:49:02 +0000
> From: Ian Jackson <ijackson@chiark.greenend.org.uk>
> To: iesg@ietf.org
> Cc: IETF-Announce <ietf-announce@ietf.org>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> Newsgroups: chiark.mail.ietf.announce
> Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
>     Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
> 
>
> [ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by
>   a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.
>   With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore
>   delete relevant posts by non-subscribers. Please fix your
>   subscription addresses. ]
>
> The IESG writes ("Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity  Clarification' to Proposed Standard "):
>> The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG to consider the
>> following document:
>>
>> - 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification '
>>    <draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05.txt> as a Proposed Standard
>
> I am astounded that this much-needed clarification document still
> fails to unambiguously specify exactly which DNS labels are to be
> considered equivalent !  In particular, it fails to state clearly that
> the results of the comparison depends only on the individual separate
> comparisons of corresponding octets, and it fails to give a clearly
> stated (and clearly stated to be exhaustive) specification of the set
> of equivalence classes for octets.
>
> For example, it is not 100% clear, according to
> draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05, whether an implementation may
> consider 0xCC as equivalent to 0xEC.  An implementor trying to defend
> a bizarre and ancient implementation might argue that `0xCC is upper
> case L with top bit set, which compares equal to 0xEC because 0xEC is
> lower case L with top bit set'.  This appears, on the face of it, to
> be difficult to square with the example of 0xDD != 0xFD, but 0xDD and
> 0xFD are not `ASCII letters with the top bit set'.  This shows the
> danger of attempting to specify almost entirely by example !
>
> I suggest the addition of text along the following lines, after
> section 3.3:
>
> 3.4. Equivalence of label strings
>
> Two labels of type 0x0 MUST be considered equivalent if they are of
> the same length and every octet in one label is considered equivalent
> to the corresponding octet in the other label.  Otherwise the labels
> MUST be considered and treated as different labels.
>
> A pair of octets MUST be considered equivalent according to the
> following rules:
>
>  A. One octets is in the range 0x41-0x5A (upper case ASCII
>     letters) and the other is in the range 0x61-0x7A (lower case
>     ASCII letters):
>
>     They MUST be considered equivalent if the octet values differ by
>     exactly 0x20, and MUST be considered NOT equivalent if the octet
>     values differ by some different amount.
>
>  B. Any other pair of octets (ie, at least one of the two octets
>     outside either of the two ranges in B above, or both of the
>     octets in the same one of the two ranges in B above):
>
>     They MUST be considered equivalent if their octet values are the
>     same, and MUST be considered NOT equivalent if they differ.
>
> Ian.

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From: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
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By the way, the is an updated version of the ECC draft out. I actually 
think it needs more work than my case insensitivity draft :-)  One thing 
I noticed after posting it is that the reference to the specific "SIG" 
RR in the heading of section needs to go and that section header should 
be generalized to something like "Elliptic Cureve Signature Resource 
Records".

Thanks,
Donald
  ====================================================================
  Donald E. Eastlake 3rd                       dee3@torque.pothole.com
  155 Beaver Street              +1-508-634-2066(h) +1-508-786-7554(w)
  Milford, MA 01757 USA                   Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com

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To: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>
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Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard
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	<B1779EF74E2F7C3B5FA2E47E@SIRIUS.FAC.CS.CMU.EDU>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 03 Feb 2005 00:54:29 -0500
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 [ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by 
   a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.  
   With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore 
   delete relevant posts by non-subscribers. Please fix your 
   subscription addresses. ]

Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu> writes:

> [..T]he _common_ convention is to use a backslash followed by the
> value of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by exactly
> three _octal_ digits.  This is the syntax used by programming
> languages like C and perl.  For example, ASCII ESC (0x1b) is
> represented as \033, not \027.

Actually, the convention used in C and Perl is to use \0, followed by
zero, one, or two octal digits (leaving some values of octets without
representation).

I personally think it's a poor convention as it uses varying number of
digits, so it becomes difficult to represent, say, the NUL character
followed by the digit "1".  (I still use the convention in cases when
it is familiar to most from documentation, e.g., "\015\012" in Perl.)

A reasonable convention is hexadecimal: backslash, followed by the
letter x, followed by exactly two hexadecimal digits; e.g., "\x1b" for
ESC.  This notation, while looking familiar, has differences from both
Perl and C hex notations: in Perl, you can have just a single hex
digit following ``backslash x'', while in C you can have arbitrarily
many.

With the common conventions so unnecessarily complex and difficult to
use, it doesn't surprise me that the document authors chose to use a
nonstandard one.  I'd have chosen a different one (hex with exactly
two digits, which won't deceive C and Perl programmers in the same way
"\027" meant for ESC would), but that's just a minor typographic
convention.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

This message is designed to be viewed with 0.06479891g of NaCl.


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Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
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Donald Eastlake III writes ("Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity  Clarification' to Proposed Standard "):
> I think it is just a matter of style. As a clarification updating RFCs 
> 1034 and 1035, the import is exactly the same as your suggested text. It 
> is just that it is in the style of commentary. If there is consensus to 
> do so, I suppose I could rewrite the whole document in Official 
> Standards Very Harsh Imperative Style, as you suggest.
..

No, the import in the draft's text is not the same.  Consider my
example misunderstanding:

> > For example, it is not 100% clear, according to
> > draft-ietf-dnsext-insensitive-05, whether an implementation may
> > consider 0xCC as equivalent to 0xEC.  An implementor trying to defend
> > a bizarre and ancient implementation might argue that `0xCC is upper
> > case L with top bit set, which compares equal to 0xEC because 0xEC is
> > lower case L with top bit set'.  This appears, on the face of it, to
> > be difficult to square with the example of 0xDD != 0xFD, but 0xDD and
> > 0xFD are not `ASCII letters with the top bit set'.  This shows the
> > danger of attempting to specify almost entirely by example !

If you don't like my overly formal language then I'm sure there are
other ways of putting it.  But just a couple of examples does not
constitute a clarification !

Ian.


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On Thursday, February 03, 2005 12:54:29 AM -0500 stanislav shalunov 
<shalunov@internet2.edu> wrote:

> Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu> writes:
>
>> [..T]he _common_ convention is to use a backslash followed by the
>> value of the octet as an unsigned integer represented by exactly
>> three _octal_ digits.  This is the syntax used by programming
>> languages like C and perl.  For example, ASCII ESC (0x1b) is
>> represented as \033, not \027.
>
> Actually, the convention used in C and Perl is to use \0, followed by
> zero, one, or two octal digits (leaving some values of octets without
> representation).
>
> I personally think it's a poor convention as it uses varying number of
> digits, so it becomes difficult to represent, say, the NUL character
> followed by the digit "1".  (I still use the convention in cases when
> it is familiar to most from documentation, e.g., "\015\012" in Perl.)


ISO/IEC 9899:1990 section 6.1.3.4 has this to say:

    octal-escape-sequence:
      \ octal-digit
      \ octal-digit octal-digit
      \ octal-digit octal-digit octal-digit

    hexadecimal-escape-sequence:
      \x hexadecimal-digit
      hexadecimal-escape-sequence hexadecimal-digit

And...

    Each octal or hexadecimal escape sequence is the longest sequence
    of characters that can constitute the escape sequence.

So, octal escape sequences consist of one, two, or three digits, but never 
more than three, and the first digit is not required to be zero.  Every 
8-bit character can be represented, and every string of 8-bit characters 
can be represented.  The sequence of the NUL character followed by the 
digit "1" can be written as "\0001", or as any of these:

  \0\061 \00\061 \000\061 \0\61 \00\61 \000\61

Interestingly, as you noted, hexadecimal sequences are _not_ length-limted.



Now, let's turn to Perl.  The authoritative reference is from the section 
"Quotes and Quote-like Operators" in 'perldoc perlop':

       The following escape sequences are available in constructs that
       interpolate and in transliterations.


           \033        octal char      (ESC)
           \x1b        hex char        (ESC)
           \x{263a}    wide hex char   (SMILEY)

Unfortunately, this is a little vague, but an examination of the code shows 
that up to three digits are permitted in the octal case, and two in the hex 
case (wide hex chars have no preset length limit), which is pretty much 
what one would expect.



In any case, my original point was not to get into a discussion of the 
finer details of character escapes in particular programming languages, nor 
to suggest that every escape permitted by C or Perl be used in this 
context.  Rather, it was to point out that the existing, commonly-used 
convention for character escapes of this form uses octal digits, not 
decimal, and that differing in this particular way would be likely to lead 
to confusion.


Mark Andrews wrote:
> The C convention also has \t, \r, \f, \n none of which are
> the special in domain labels.

This is a strawman.  I did not make the argument that C string literal 
syntax should be used; I mentioned the syntax of C and Perl as examples of 
the widespread recognition of octal character escapes.

> We are not trying to change conventions here.  It is irrelevent
> that C has a different convention.

The C programming language has precisely defined syntax, not a convention. 
Again, I did not make the argument that C syntax should be used.  What I 
did do was point out that there is a commonly-recognized convention for the 
meaning of a backslash followed by three digits, and that it differs from 
that described in this document, which to my knowledge does not enjoy any 
form of widespread acceptance.  This fact is not "irrelevant"; it is likely 
to lead to significant confusion.

Note that I'm not demanding that the DNS use the same conventions as 
everyone else.  I think they should, but I'm not going to insist on it. 
However, if you're going to be different, you need to call out this fact, 
and preferably explain why.

-- Jeffrey T. Hutzelman (N3NHS) <jhutz+@cmu.edu>
   Sr. Research Systems Programmer
   School of Computer Science - Research Computing Facility
   Carnegie Mellon University - Pittsburgh, PA



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Mark Andrews writes:
> The convention applies whereever domain names are entered.

Oh, really? I entered http://www.is\067.org into a browser using your
libresolv. Your web server responded with a ``Bad Request'' message,
rather than the www.isc.org web page.

I have no objection to this document _if_ it is limited to zone files.

---D. J. Bernstein, Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics,
Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Storing Certificates in the Domain Name System (DNS)
	Author(s)	: S. Josefsson
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2538bis-01.txt
	Pages		: 14
	Date		: 2005-2-3
	
Cryptographic public key are frequently published and their
   authenticity demonstrated by certificates.  A CERT resource record
   (RR) is defined so that such certificates and related certificate
   revocation lists can be stored in the Domain Name System (DNS).

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: DNSSEC Opt-in
	Author(s)	: R. Arends, et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-opt-in-06.txt
	Pages		: 21
	Date		: 2005-2-3
	
In RFC 2535, delegations to unsigned subzones are cryptographically
secured.  Maintaining this cryptography is not practical or
necessary.  This document describes an 'Opt-In' model that allows
administrators to omit this cryptography and manage the cost of
adopting DNSSEC with large zones.

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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
cc: Jeffrey Hutzelman <jhutz@cmu.edu>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org,
        ietf@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-Reply-To: <86k6pqkx2i.fsf@abel.internet2.edu> 
References: <86k6pqkx2i.fsf@abel.internet2.edu>  <E1Cw7fp-0001va-NZ@megatron.ietf.org> <B1779EF74E2F7C3B5FA2E47E@SIRIUS.FAC.CS.CMU.EDU> 
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    Date:        03 Feb 2005 00:54:29 -0500
    From:        stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
    Message-ID:  <86k6pqkx2i.fsf@abel.internet2.edu>

This is totally irrelevant to the doc in question, but ...

  | Actually, the convention used in C and Perl is to use \0, followed by
  | zero, one, or two octal digits (leaving some values of octets without
  | representation).

that is utter garbage.   \377 is a perfectly valid C (and I assume perl,
though I gave up on perl years ago) representation of the value 255.

  | I personally think it's a poor convention as it uses varying number of
  | digits, so it becomes difficult to represent, say, the NUL character
  | followed by the digit "1".

Not difficult, just ugly ... \0001 works just fine.

  | nonstandard one.  I'd have chosen a different one

You're 20 years too late.

kre


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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
cc: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com, iesg@ietf.org, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
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References: <88EAAA4611113A9E57A00593@B50854F0A9192E8EC6CDA126>  <20050202043943.GA8153@vacation.karoshi.com.> <E1Cw7fp-0001va-NZ@megatron.ietf.org> <11972.1107330243@munnari.OZ.AU> 
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    Date:        Wed, 02 Feb 2005 23:34:31 +0100
    From:        Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
    Message-ID:  <88EAAA4611113A9E57A00593@B50854F0A9192E8EC6CDA126>

  | > In this case, what may be considered unusual, is that there has been
  | > no mention on the namedroppers list of the need for the -05 draft, nothing
  | > about what required it, and nothing about what has changed in it.   Maybe
  | > the draft says that - but if it is the version that is to be published as
  | > an RFC, it shouldn't (RFCs should not contain info about what changed
  | > in the last few versions of the I-D, nor should they be having that kind
  | > of information editorially deleted after approval).
  | 
  | Yes, they should.

I'm not sure what you're saying there exactly.    If you mean that if there
are updates notes in a draft that is approved, then the rfc editor should
delete them, then yes, I agree.

On the other hand, if you're saying that that is the proper way to do things,
then I disagree.

The doc proposed (for IETF last call, at the very least) should be as close
as possible (as close as the boilerplate nonsense permits) to the exact RFC
that will be published.

It is entirely possible that some readers may see some technical merit in
the update notes - that the doc is clear, but only because those notes indicate
what is going on, and why.   Without the notes, a valid objection might be
made.   If (non boilerplate) data is deleted after approval, then a doc that
shouldn't have been approved, can avoid objections.

The right way to do this, is to have the final draft of the doc (perhaps the
final version for WG last call, and certainly the version sent for IETF
last call) be the same as what will be the RFC - taht is, a new version of
the I-D should be publiched, where the only change is to delete any extraneous
material like this (and the I-D shouldn't be saying this).

Donald - if, as seems possible from other messages, you're going to publish
a new I-D, please send a version without noise, so that one can be properly
evaluated for IETF last call.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  4 00:14:17 2005
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, iesg@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-Reply-To: <Pine.OSX.4.62.0502022245100.5841@mini.pothole.com> 
References: <Pine.OSX.4.62.0502022245100.5841@mini.pothole.com>  <OFC3650695.E5C09564-ON86256F9C.00557EE2-86256F9C.00673EFD@dtn.com> 
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    Date:        Wed, 2 Feb 2005 22:51:14 -0500 (EST)
    From:        Donald Eastlake III <dee3@pothole.com>
    Message-ID:  <Pine.OSX.4.62.0502022245100.5841@mini.pothole.com>

  | > 'MAY' versus 'may'
  | 
  | Yes, seems right to me to be MAY.

I wouldn't bother.    MAY means nothing in 2119, that is, all it means
is that <whatever> is optional.   That's what it would also mean written
as "may", so you gain nothing.   Of course you also loose nothing by the
change, and it perhaps looks more consistent with 2119 to do it as MAY.

The problem comes that people who see MAY for may, start to write MAY NOT
for "may not".   That one doesn't work at all.   First, MAY NOT doesn't
exist in 2119, so that term has no meaning as a term, leaving just the
2119 MAY, together with a "not" in a strange typographical convention.
Since "MAY" means that whatever it applies to is optional, the NOT really
is just noise (you may "do this", or you can chose not to, which is the
same as you may "not do this" or you can chose not to "not do this", that
is, you can choose to do it).   But in English, and in the way people
usually use the phrase, "may not" means something more like "must not",
which it turns out is nothing like what "MAY NOT" means from 2119.

To avoid this, the best thing is to simply discourage use of the 2119 MAY
completely.

kre

ps: as it was uses in 1123 etc, MAY was fine, there it had a specific role.
It is possible in some other doc using 2119 to desire a similar result,
so I am not suggesting that MAY be deleted from 2119 - just that its use
be confined to where there's a particular need, which is not just where
there's something that happens to be optional, we don't need magic words
for that.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  4 08:04:09 2005
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Date: Fri, 04 Feb 2005 08:22:14 +0100
From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
Cc: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com, iesg@ietf.org, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
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Expanding slightly on the one-liner:

What I am saying is that the version that is put before the IESG for the 
IESG's approval should include notes that track the revision history of the 
document, if these are available.

In very many cases, members of the IESG have followed the document's 
development, seen Last Call comments, have formed opinions on particular 
issues, and may even have given specific feedback on the document in 
previous versions.

A list of "what has changed since the last version of the document" helps 
both to make sure known issues have been addressed and to point out which 
sections of the document have NOT changed since the previous instance 
reviewed.

Of course, such sections SHOULD be clearly marked with "RFC Editor, please 
delete this on publication".

This is my opinion, formed over 8 years of trying to get documents through 
the IESG. You have stated your opinion, but you are not saying anything 
about your reasons for that opinion. Neither opinion is based on a 
published rule of the IETF, AFAIK; there's nothing indicating that the IETF 
has consensus on one of these.

I'll stick to my opinion for now.

                       Harald



--On 4. februar 2005 12:00 +0700 Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU> wrote:

>     Date:        Wed, 02 Feb 2005 23:34:31 +0100
>     From:        Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
>     Message-ID:  <88EAAA4611113A9E57A00593@B50854F0A9192E8EC6CDA126>
>
>   | > In this case, what may be considered unusual, is that there has been
>   | > no mention on the namedroppers list of the need for the -05 draft,
> nothing   | > about what required it, and nothing about what has changed
> in it.   Maybe   | > the draft says that - but if it is the version that
> is to be published as   | > an RFC, it shouldn't (RFCs should not contain
> info about what changed   | > in the last few versions of the I-D, nor
> should they be having that kind   | > of information editorially deleted
> after approval).
>   |
>   | Yes, they should.
>
> I'm not sure what you're saying there exactly.    If you mean that if
> there are updates notes in a draft that is approved, then the rfc editor
> should delete them, then yes, I agree.
>
> On the other hand, if you're saying that that is the proper way to do
> things, then I disagree.
>
> The doc proposed (for IETF last call, at the very least) should be as
> close as possible (as close as the boilerplate nonsense permits) to the
> exact RFC that will be published.
>
> It is entirely possible that some readers may see some technical merit in
> the update notes - that the doc is clear, but only because those notes
> indicate what is going on, and why.   Without the notes, a valid
> objection might be made.   If (non boilerplate) data is deleted after
> approval, then a doc that shouldn't have been approved, can avoid
> objections.
>
> The right way to do this, is to have the final draft of the doc (perhaps
> the final version for WG last call, and certainly the version sent for
> IETF last call) be the same as what will be the RFC - taht is, a new
> version of the I-D should be publiched, where the only change is to
> delete any extraneous material like this (and the I-D shouldn't be saying
> this).
>
> Donald - if, as seems possible from other messages, you're going to
> publish a new I-D, please send a version without noise, so that one can
> be properly evaluated for IETF last call.
>
> kre
>
>
>





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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  4 08:19:22 2005
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From: "Hallam-Baker, Phillip" <pbaker@verisign.com>
To: "'D. J. Bernstein'" <djb@cr.yp.to>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: RE: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clari
	fication' to Proposed Standard
Date: Fri, 4 Feb 2005 05:16:53 -0800 
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> [mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of D. J. Bernstein

> Mark Andrews writes:
> > The convention applies whereever domain names are entered.
> 
> Oh, really? I entered http://www.is\067.org into a browser 
> using your libresolv. Your web server responded with a ``Bad 
> Request'' message, rather than the www.isc.org web page.
> 
> I have no objection to this document _if_ it is limited to zone files.

This is exactly how it should be according to the HTTP URI specification.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  4 10:02:11 2005
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Date: Fri, 4 Feb 2005 09:59:14 -0500
To: iesg@ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: RE: Last Call: ... Case Insensitivity Clarification ...
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Please advance this draft.  It's concise, clear, defines the scope, 
and lays out the incompleteness of the original specification.  This 
document makes no changes.

My coding experience is in line with this draft.  This is how I 
interpreted case insensitivity.  I have no substantive disagreements 
with the draft.

Others have mentioned that the DNS style of representing non-ASCII 
printable (whatever you might want to call them) is not in line with 
other systems.  I do not believe that this is a germane issue.  The 
draft is not proposing a means to express these octets, merely 
describing the method in place since the 1980's.

The document is clear that it applies to the definition in RFC 1034 
and 1035, which is sufficient to limit the scope.  That URI's have 
what appear to be domain names in them is not an issue for DNS, it is 
an issue for that application area.

As for process, I have read this document before, and now again. 
Using my judgement, there is nothing innocuous in the draft, nothing 
that would make me want to go back and "diff' it to see if the editor 
changed something "behind the WG's back."  Given the simple nature of 
the document, it would take just a quick read of it to discover any 
"hidden" or "slipped in" problems.

PS.  I do somewhat agree that there is an editorial issue with "MAY" 
and may.  I would suggest completely dropping the reference to RFC 
2119 altogether.  The original documents (1034 and 1035) don't use 
the terms, trying to retrofit formality is difficult.  I have found 
this when editing the wildcard clarification document.

However, this is not an issue that should (SHOULD?) hold up progress.
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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On Fri, 4 Feb 2005, Edward Lewis wrote:

> Please advance this draft.

I concur.

Roy

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Date: Fri, 4 Feb 2005 10:24:14 -0500
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: RE: Last Call: ... Case Insensitivity Clarification ...
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As astute reader reported...

At 9:59 -0500 2/4/05, Edward Lewis wrote:
>judgement, there is nothing innocuous in the draft, nothing that would make

s/there is nothing innocuous in the draft/the draft is innocuous/

or something to that extent. ;)
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  4 18:26:21 2005
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From: "D. J. Bernstein" <djb@cr.yp.to>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clari fication' to Proposed Standard
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Hallam-Baker, Phillip writes:
> This is exactly how it should be according to the HTTP URI specification.

But Mark just told us that \067 means c ``wherever domain names are
entered.'' That's inconsistent in two ways with what actually happened:

   * The server did _not_ accept \067 as a substitute for c.
   * The client did _not_ convert \067 to c---which would have worked
     around the server's failure to accept \067.

I think that the client and server are just fine, and that Mark's
comment was a wild exaggeration.

I now see that the draft under discussion makes the same wild
exaggeration---it talks about all ``human readable and writable ASCII
contexts'' rather than just zone files. Consequently I object to the
draft as being blatantly inconsistent with (1) other IETF protocols,
notably HTTP and SMTP, and (2) many existing user interfaces, such as
the Firefox URL line and the qmail rcpthosts configuration-file format.

I also object to the entire notion of the IETF trying to constrain user
interfaces. If the IETF wants to define a zone-file format that can be
transferred by FTP, fine---and I'll be happy to defend the goofy use of
decimal in zone files for backwards compatibility---but the IETF has no
business making declarations regarding _all_ formats.

---D. J. Bernstein, Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics,
Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  4 23:26:30 2005
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Date: Fri, 4 Feb 2005 23:21:23 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard
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At 23:21 +0000 2/4/05, D. J. Bernstein wrote:

>But Mark just told us that \067 means c ``wherever domain names are
>entered.'' That's inconsistent in two ways with what actually happened:
>
>    * The server did _not_ accept \067 as a substitute for c.
>    * The client did _not_ convert \067 to c---which would have worked
>      around the server's failure to accept \067.
>
>I think that the client and server are just fine, and that Mark's
>comment was a wild exaggeration.

Perhaps Mark's words are an overstatement.  Looking at RFC 2396 
(Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax), section 3.2.2 
(Server-based Naming Authority), this text is found (chopped up):

#   URL schemes that involve the direct use of an IP-based protocol to a
#   specified server on the Internet use a common syntax for the server
#   component of the URI's scheme-specific data:
#
#      <userinfo>@<host>:<port>
...
#   The host is a domain name of a network host, or its IPv4 address as a
#   set of four decimal digit groups separated by ".".  Literal IPv6
#   addresses are not supported.
...
#      host          = hostname | IPv4address
...
#   Hostnames take the form described in Section 3 of [RFC1034] and
#   Section 2.1 of [RFC1123]: a sequence of domain labels separated by
...
#   To actually be "Uniform" as a resource locator, a URL hostname should
#   be a fully qualified domain name.  In practice, however, the host
#   component may be a local domain literal.

I find it interesting that section 3 of 1034 is called out here.  The 
"\DDD" is not defined there, it is defined in RFC 1035 in section 5 
(MASTER FILES), specifically in 5.1 (Format).

 From this I would take it that an implementation operating on URLs 
would not be required to parse the \DDD.  An implementation could, 
under the mantra "liberal on receipt, conservative on send."

Still, there is no requirement that an implementation make the entire 
syntax available to the GUI.  An implementation is free to restrict 
what it allows to happen in a protocol, so long as it can speak 
(listen) the entire protocol.

>I now see that the draft under discussion makes the same wild
>exaggeration---it talks about all ``human readable and writable ASCII
>contexts'' rather than just zone files. Consequently I object to the
>draft as being blatantly inconsistent with (1) other IETF protocols,
>notably HTTP and SMTP, and (2) many existing user interfaces, such as
>the Firefox URL line and the qmail rcpthosts configuration-file format.

"Wild exaggeration" is a bit melodramatic.  It's not like the draft 
is claiming it would cure the common cold.  But you have a point that 
it ought to stick to what is in zone files.  Overall, I think this is 
a rather inconsequential point though, as this abstract and 
introduction do refer to RFC 1034 and 1035 (and not 2396, for 
example).

>I also object to the entire notion of the IETF trying to constrain user
>interfaces. If the IETF wants to define a zone-file format that can be
>transferred by FTP, fine---and I'll be happy to defend the goofy use of
>decimal in zone files for backwards compatibility---but the IETF has no
>business making declarations regarding _all_ formats.

I can't make this leap in the argument.  I cannot see that the draft 
talks about user interfaces, just a (the original, standard) 
presentation format for DNS.

You are right that there should never be an IETF effort to restrict 
what can be in an implementation.  We should stick to what is needed 
for interoperability, while meeting requirements for functionality, 
operability, and simplicity.

With that in mind, there's a protocol reason I can think of for 
having a master file format defined.  The reason is this offers an 
alternative to zone transfers via port 53.  At one time (and may 
still be true) the root zone was "file transferred" and not 
[A|I]XFR'd.  The root servers are a mix of BIND and NSD, this 
wouldn't have been possible if NSD didn't have a Master File format 
to build to.  (One can argue that such an arrangement is outmoded I 
guess, with VPNs, TSIG, etc.  But changing an institutional practice 
is sometimes beyond the control of protocol wonks.)

Beyond the on-the-wire protocol, there are two reasons for specifying 
a master file formats.  It gives us a common language for discussing 
the protocol on a list like this.  It also makes it easier to staff a 
DNS operations center - because there is a pool of people (or firms) 
that will be able to start "right away."

Other than that, I don't think master files are important as they do 
not get passed around on port 53.

It is important to remember that IETF specifications are for 
interoperability.  An implementation is free to exceed the 
specifications, but exceeding it without extending the specification 
does not guarantee interoperability.

As a customer for DNS software, I want to know that any 
implementation I decide to deploy would be compatible with my 
installed base so that I do not need to have a flag day should I 
choose to migrate.  I wouldn't object to an implementation with 
non-standard features, but I would refrain from using them unless it 
was really compelling to do so.

-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 04 Feb 2005 23:21:23 CDT."
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> At 23:21 +0000 2/4/05, D. J. Bernstein wrote:
> 
> >But Mark just told us that \067 means c ``wherever domain names are
> >entered.'' That's inconsistent in two ways with what actually happened:
> >
> >    * The server did _not_ accept \067 as a substitute for c.
> >    * The client did _not_ convert \067 to c---which would have worked
> >      around the server's failure to accept \067.
> >
> >I think that the client and server are just fine, and that Mark's
> >comment was a wild exaggeration.
> 
> Perhaps Mark's words are an overstatement.  Looking at RFC 2396 
> (Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax), section 3.2.2 
> (Server-based Naming Authority), this text is found (chopped up):

	I stand by my words.  URLs take hostnames.  RFC 2396 just
	described the subset of hostnames that are representable in
	the DNS.

	The encoding applies to applications which take domain
	names.  Most applications, including web browsers, take
	hostnames.  The fact that you can represent most (but not all)
	hostnames in the DNS just adds to the confusion.

	Hostnames of length 254 and 255 cannot be represented in the DNS.

	I don't expect a application that takes a hostname to accept
	\DDD.  I do expect a application that takes a domain name to
	accept \DDD.

	Mail clients take hostnames and/or mail domains (which are
	syntactically identical to hostnames).

	Telnet, ssh, ftp etc. take hostnames.


> #   URL schemes that involve the direct use of an IP-based protocol to a
> #   specified server on the Internet use a common syntax for the server
> #   component of the URI's scheme-specific data:
> #
> #      <userinfo>@<host>:<port>
> ...
> #   The host is a domain name of a network host, or its IPv4 address as a
> #   set of four decimal digit groups separated by ".".  Literal IPv6
> #   addresses are not supported.
> ...
> #      host          = hostname | IPv4address
> ...
> #   Hostnames take the form described in Section 3 of [RFC1034] and
> #   Section 2.1 of [RFC1123]: a sequence of domain labels separated by
> ...
> #   To actually be "Uniform" as a resource locator, a URL hostname should
> #   be a fully qualified domain name.  In practice, however, the host
> #   component may be a local domain literal.
> 
> I find it interesting that section 3 of 1034 is called out here.  The 
> "\DDD" is not defined there, it is defined in RFC 1035 in section 5 
> (MASTER FILES), specifically in 5.1 (Format).
> 
>  From this I would take it that an implementation operating on URLs 
> would not be required to parse the \DDD.  An implementation could, 
> under the mantra "liberal on receipt, conservative on send."
> 
> Still, there is no requirement that an implementation make the entire 
> syntax available to the GUI.  An implementation is free to restrict 
> what it allows to happen in a protocol, so long as it can speak 
> (listen) the entire protocol.
> 
> >I now see that the draft under discussion makes the same wild
> >exaggeration---it talks about all ``human readable and writable ASCII
> >contexts'' rather than just zone files. Consequently I object to the
> >draft as being blatantly inconsistent with (1) other IETF protocols,
> >notably HTTP and SMTP, and (2) many existing user interfaces, such as
> >the Firefox URL line and the qmail rcpthosts configuration-file format.
> 
> "Wild exaggeration" is a bit melodramatic.  It's not like the draft 
> is claiming it would cure the common cold.  But you have a point that 
> it ought to stick to what is in zone files.  Overall, I think this is 
> a rather inconsequential point though, as this abstract and 
> introduction do refer to RFC 1034 and 1035 (and not 2396, for 
> example).
> 
> >I also object to the entire notion of the IETF trying to constrain user
> >interfaces. If the IETF wants to define a zone-file format that can be
> >transferred by FTP, fine---and I'll be happy to defend the goofy use of
> >decimal in zone files for backwards compatibility---but the IETF has no
> >business making declarations regarding _all_ formats.
> 
> I can't make this leap in the argument.  I cannot see that the draft 
> talks about user interfaces, just a (the original, standard) 
> presentation format for DNS.
> 
> You are right that there should never be an IETF effort to restrict 
> what can be in an implementation.  We should stick to what is needed 
> for interoperability, while meeting requirements for functionality, 
> operability, and simplicity.
> 
> With that in mind, there's a protocol reason I can think of for 
> having a master file format defined.  The reason is this offers an 
> alternative to zone transfers via port 53.  At one time (and may 
> still be true) the root zone was "file transferred" and not 
> [A|I]XFR'd.  The root servers are a mix of BIND and NSD, this 
> wouldn't have been possible if NSD didn't have a Master File format 
> to build to.  (One can argue that such an arrangement is outmoded I 
> guess, with VPNs, TSIG, etc.  But changing an institutional practice 
> is sometimes beyond the control of protocol wonks.)
> 
> Beyond the on-the-wire protocol, there are two reasons for specifying 
> a master file formats.  It gives us a common language for discussing 
> the protocol on a list like this.  It also makes it easier to staff a 
> DNS operations center - because there is a pool of people (or firms) 
> that will be able to start "right away."
> 
> Other than that, I don't think master files are important as they do 
> not get passed around on port 53.
> 
> It is important to remember that IETF specifications are for 
> interoperability.  An implementation is free to exceed the 
> specifications, but exceeding it without extending the specification 
> does not guarantee interoperability.
> 
> As a customer for DNS software, I want to know that any 
> implementation I decide to deploy would be compatible with my 
> installed base so that I do not need to have a flag day should I 
> choose to migrate.  I wouldn't object to an implementation with 
> non-standard features, but I would refrain from using them unless it 
> was really compelling to do so.
> 
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> "A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb  6 19:04:26 2005
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: I have a feeling that the rules for setting TC need tweaking
Date: Mon, 07 Feb 2005 11:01:18 +1100
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	Currently the RFCs say don't set TC on truncation in the
	additional section.

	There are a number of cases where it is necessary to set TC
	for additional section truncation.

	* when using TSIG and after reserving enough space to fit
	the TSIG response there is not enough space left for the
	answer / authority sections.  This is logically equivalent
	to additional section truncation.

	* when using EDNS and after reserving enough space to fit
	the EDNS response there is not enough space left for the
	answer / authority sections.  This is logically equivalent
	to additional section truncation.

	* RFC 2181 precludes sending glue as a answer.  This leads
	to cases where, with big enough RRsets, you can't return
	the requested glue even as the first additional RRset.

	I propose that nameservers be allowed to set TC in these
	case.  For the glue case above it would only be if it will
	not fit as the first glue RRset in the additional section
	with or without space being reserved for TSIG and/or EDNS.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE:	+61 2 9871 4742		         INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 00:02:21 2005
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Date: Sun, 6 Feb 2005 23:57:37 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: I have a feeling that the rules for setting TC need tweaking
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 11:01 +1100 2/7/05, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	I propose that nameservers be allowed to set TC in these
>	case.  For the glue case above it would only be if it will
>	not fit as the first glue RRset in the additional section
>	with or without space being reserved for TSIG and/or EDNS.

This sounds like a matter that will need some study...you know the 
rules - send in a personal draft. ;)  Sounds like there will be some 
sharp corner cases to consider.

Perhaps you mean to say that if a response will have TSIG/EDNS0 in 
it, then TC is set for some definition of incompleteness in the 
additional section.  For non-TSIG/EDNS0 servers you'd get FORMERR 
anyway, what happens to the current deployed base of 
TSIG/EDNS0-capable servers?
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 02:15:34 2005
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This document specifies \065 as a synonym for capital A---not just in
zone files, but in all ``human readable and writable ASCII contexts.''

That specification is plainly erroneous. Nobody is willing to defend the
notion that this screwy decimal system should be allowed in URLs, SMTP
RCPT, etc.

The obvious fix is to limit the document to zone files.

---D. J. Bernstein, Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics,
Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 11:16:27 2005
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From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: empty non-terminal
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Does anyone know of a published definition of "empty non-terminal"?
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 11:36:01 2005
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: a new wild card can of worms
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Considering discussions on wildcards that have arisen in the context 
of "spam-reducing efforts involving the DNS" I think that perhaps 
something needs to be clarified in RFC 2782.

In RFC 2782 the SRV RR is defined.

# The format of the SRV RR
#
#    Here is the format of the SRV RR, whose DNS type code is 33:
#
#         _Service._Proto.Name TTL Class SRV Priority Weight Port Target

Note that the owner name is "_Service._Proto.Name"

Later this appears:

#   Name
#         The domain this RR refers to.  The SRV RR is unique in that the
#         name one searches for is not this name; the example near the end
#         shows this clearly.

Admittedly, the example referred to:

#   In this example, a client of the "foobar" service in the
#   "example.com." domain needs an SRV lookup of
#   "_foobar._tcp.example.com." and possibly A lookups of "new-fast-
#   box.example.com." and/or the other hosts named.  The size of the SRV
#   reply is approximately 365 bytes:

is correct and should clear things up, but still some folks have come 
to believe that "_foobar._tcp.*.example." would cover the foobar 
service over TCP on all unlisted "hosts."

IMHO, the start of the confusion  it the mixing of what the SRV 
document calls a "Name" and the use of domain names in wildcards. 
I'm thinking this as I re-edit text on (empty) non-terminal wildcards.

Should I try to add a "Wildcards and SRV" record section?  (As in the 
Wildcards and NS, CNAME, etc., that are already in the draft.)

-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
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"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 11:59:54 2005
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: empty non-terminal 
In-Reply-To: Message from Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> 
	of "Mon, 07 Feb 2005 11:08:55 EST."
	<a06200705be2d42bbc736@[10.31.32.120]> 
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> Does anyone know of a published definition of "empty non-terminal"?

i believe that this particular hairball was first coughed up in [RFC2136 7.16].

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 12:09:41 2005
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--On 07 February 2005 11:31 -0500 Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:

> Later this appears:
>
>#   Name
>#         The domain this RR refers to.  The SRV RR is unique in that the
>#         name one searches for is not this name; the example near the end
>#         shows this clearly.

Is the ambiguity you are referring to the confusion between "Name" (capital
'n') and the two uses of "name" in the 2nd line? Or the fact that that
what is searched for is a QNAME not a "name" (whatever that means here)
and that cannot contain wildcards? Or the that it is unclear whether
wildcard-clarify's prescriptions apply to the "name one searches for",
it's corresponding RR in the zonefile, or "this name"?

The definition itself seems to be self-referential to me: "The domain this
RR refers to" does not seem right - the RR *refers* to the entire
concatenation of labels doesn't it (i.e. the RR *is* _Service._Proto.Name)?
Surely this is in fact "the label(s) to which the _Service and _Proto are
prepended by the resolver to generate a QNAME to perform a search" or
similar.

Alex

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 12:24:57 2005
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From: John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>
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Subject: Re: a new wild card can of worms
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>is correct and should clear things up, but still some folks have come 
>to believe that "_foobar._tcp.*.example." would cover the foobar 
>service over TCP on all unlisted "hosts."

I don't know anyone in the non-loony anti-spam community who thinks
that x.*.y matches anything other than x.*.y, but I don't see any
reason that a sentence or two reminding people that SRV prefixes don't
change the wildcard rules would hurt.

Regards,
John Levine, johnl@taugh.com, Taughannock Networks, Trumansburg NY
http://www.taugh.com

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 12:31:27 2005
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: a new wild card can of worms 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 07 Feb 2005 11:31:57 EST."
             <a06200708be2d46199129@[10.31.32.120]> 
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Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote: 

> is correct and should clear things up, but still some folks have come 
> to believe that "_foobar._tcp.*.example." would cover the foobar 
> service over TCP on all unlisted "hosts."

yes, but not necessarily due to an ambiguity in 2782.

> IMHO, the start of the confusion  it the mixing of what the SRV 
> document calls a "Name" and the use of domain names in wildcards. 

RFC 2782 combines the syntax definition of the SRV RR type with the definition
of a very particular use case. That's why the owner name is given structured
with "Name" being only one component.

> Should I try to add a "Wildcards and SRV" record section?  (As in the 
> Wildcards and NS, CNAME, etc., that are already in the draft.)

Extending the query space by prefixes was probably introduced by SRV RRs
but is not restricted to those. So, the pecularities of 'wildcards and SRV'
do not arise from the RR type but from the particular use of the namespace
it kind of induces. Now, hopefully you manage to explain this to the target
audience better than I did.

-Peter

PS: And please don't forget the hint that *.example.com doesn't really
    match "everything" below "example.com" :-)

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 13:33:34 2005
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Date: Mon, 7 Feb 2005 13:29:16 -0500
To: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: a new wild card can of worms
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org,
        Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
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At 17:06 +0000 2/7/05, Alex Bligh wrote:
>--On 07 February 2005 11:31 -0500 Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
>
>>  Later this appears:
>>
>>#   Name
>>#         The domain this RR refers to.  The SRV RR is unique in that the
>>#         name one searches for is not this name; the example near the end
>>#         shows this clearly.
>
>Is the ambiguity you are referring to the confusion between "Name" (capital
>'n') and the two uses of "name" in the 2nd line? Or the fact that that
>what is searched for is a QNAME not a "name" (whatever that means here)
>and that cannot contain wildcards? Or the that it is unclear whether
>wildcard-clarify's prescriptions apply to the "name one searches for",
>it's corresponding RR in the zonefile, or "this name"?

Definitely yes to the first option.  Basically, "Name" in caps != the 
QNAME, whether or not any asterisk label or wildcard is in play.

What I would add in a section on SRV's and wildcards would be 
something along the lines that the "matched portion of the name is 
the service-protocol-*N*ame, not just *N*ame."

E.g.
          *.example.               TXT  "blah"
          _foobar._tcp.*.example.  TXT  "blah blah"

   QNAME = "_foobar._tcp.host1.example.", QTYPE=TXT (ignore QCLASS)

    The rdata returned is "blah".  (Not the other.)

>The definition itself seems to be self-referential to me: "The domain this
>RR refers to" does not seem right - the RR *refers* to the entire
>concatenation of labels doesn't it (i.e. the RR *is* _Service._Proto.Name)?
>Surely this is in fact "the label(s) to which the _Service and _Proto are
>prepended by the resolver to generate a QNAME to perform a search" or
>similar.

I guess the misunderstanding is what you mean by "prepended by the 
resolver."  IMHO, a DNS protocol element ought not change the name 
being looked up.  However, the shim layer between the GUI and the DNS 
protocol element is allowed to make the transformation.

By "resolver" above, do you mean the code that is specific to an 
application or specific to the DNS?  Maybe perhaps specific to a 
middleware-like shim.

Hmmm.

>
>Alex

-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 13:42:39 2005
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Date: Mon, 7 Feb 2005 13:40:19 -0500
To: Peter Koch <pk@TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: a new wild card can of worms
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At 18:28 +0100 2/7/05, Peter Koch wrote:

>RFC 2782 combines the syntax definition of the SRV RR type with the definition
>of a very particular use case. That's why the owner name is given structured

I think you've pointed out something important...mixing use case with 
definition.  (Like the WhoIs "spec" rewrite.)

>PS: And please don't forget the hint that *.example.com doesn't really
>     match "everything" below "example.com" :-)

Had to think about that one. Again. ;)
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 13:42:42 2005
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Date: Mon, 7 Feb 2005 13:37:31 -0500
To: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: empty non-terminal
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 16:57 +0000 2/7/05, Paul Vixie wrote:
>>  Does anyone know of a published definition of "empty non-terminal"?
>
>i believe that this particular hairball was first coughed up in 
>[RFC2136 7.16].

Thanks...
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"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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--On 07 February 2005 13:29 -0500 Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:

>> The definition itself seems to be self-referential to me: "The domain
>> this RR refers to" does not seem right - the RR *refers* to the entire
>> concatenation of labels doesn't it (i.e. the RR *is*
>> _Service._Proto.Name)? Surely this is in fact "the label(s) to which the
>> _Service and _Proto are prepended by the resolver to generate a QNAME to
>> perform a search" or similar.
>
> I guess the misunderstanding is what you mean by "prepended by the
> resolver."  IMHO, a DNS protocol element ought not change the name being
> looked up.  However, the shim layer between the GUI and the DNS protocol
> element is allowed to make the transformation.
>
> By "resolver" above, do you mean the code that is specific to an
> application or specific to the DNS?  Maybe perhaps specific to a
> middleware-like shim.

I meant they are prepended by the (waves hands) "thing doing the
resolving" i.e. before it gets to wire protocol. That could either
be the application, a shim layer, or the low level resolver library
(I don't think there is any reason why a resolver library might not
do the concatenation itself and have a function like
  int getsrvrecord(char * name, char * service, char * proto,
                   struct srvrecord * data );
and in fact for all I know libresolv might have just that - too lazy
to look).

Alex

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Date: Mon, 7 Feb 2005 13:48:50 -0500
To: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: a new wild card can of worms
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org,
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At 18:45 +0000 2/7/05, Alex Bligh wrote:
>--On 07 February 2005 13:29 -0500 Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
>
>>>  The definition itself seems to be self-referential to me: "The domain
>>>  this RR refers to" does not seem right - the RR *refers* to the entire
>>>  concatenation of labels doesn't it (i.e. the RR *is*
>>>  _Service._Proto.Name)? Surely this is in fact "the label(s) to which the
>>>  _Service and _Proto are prepended by the resolver to generate a QNAME to
>>>  perform a search" or similar.
>>
>>  I guess the misunderstanding is what you mean by "prepended by the
>>  resolver."  IMHO, a DNS protocol element ought not change the name being
>>  looked up.  However, the shim layer between the GUI and the DNS protocol
>>  element is allowed to make the transformation.
>>
>>  By "resolver" above, do you mean the code that is specific to an
>>  application or specific to the DNS?  Maybe perhaps specific to a
>>  middleware-like shim.
>
>I meant they are prepended by the (waves hands) "thing doing the
>resolving" i.e. before it gets to wire protocol. That could either
>be the application, a shim layer, or the low level resolver library
>(I don't think there is any reason why a resolver library might not
>do the concatenation itself and have a function like
>  int getsrvrecord(char * name, char * service, char * proto,
>                   struct srvrecord * data );
>and in fact for all I know libresolv might have just that - too lazy
>to look).

Ahh, good point there.

I suppose it's not so important whether the thing that takes a *N*ame 
and makes a QNAME is a "DNS element" so much as it's important that 
what appears on the wire is the QNAME and, even more so, that the 
server answering the query does not do the *N*ame to QNAME conversion.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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On 2/6/2005 7:01 PM, Mark Andrews wrote:

> 	* RFC 2181 precludes sending glue as a answer.  This leads
> 	to cases where, with big enough RRsets, you can't return
> 	the requested glue even as the first additional RRset.

This isn't really needed if all the necessary prerequisites are met and
the resolver does what it's supposed to. It wouldn't save anything, other
than providing explicit pointer instead of having to rely on implicit
logics. I mean, if the NS RRs are present and the parent servers are
reachable, the resolver can go and fetch the glue data separately without
being told that the data would not fit in the answer (it would still have
to do that even if the TC flag were set so the only real shortcut here
would be in the resolver logic).

There are also a lot of really weird corner cases here... my QTYPE ADDR
draft had some gymnastics that could be difficult to work with in such a
case, for exammple, but there's also a huge installed base of RFCs and
implementations alike that have been hammered on when TC is appropriate.

There's probably another way to skin this cat that doesn't cause problems
for core/critical handling that's already out there.

-- 
Eric A. Hall                                        http://www.ehsco.com/
Internet Core Protocols          http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/coreprot/

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: DNSSEC Experiments
	Author(s)	: D. Blacka
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-experiments-00.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 2005-2-4
	
In the long history of the development of the DNS security [1]
   extensions (DNSSEC), a number of alternate methodologies and
   modifications have been proposed and rejected for practical, rather
   than strictly technical, reasons.  There is a desire to be able to
   experiment with these alternate methods in the public DNS.  This
   document describes a methodology for deploying alternate,
   non-backwards-compatible, DNSSEC methodologies in an experimental
   fashion without disrupting the deployment of standard DNSSEC.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 15:42:01 2005
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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
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Subject: Re: I have a feeling that the rules for setting TC need tweaking
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On Mon, 7 Feb 2005, Eric A. Hall wrote:
> On 2/6/2005 7:01 PM, Mark Andrews wrote:
>
>> 	* RFC 2181 precludes sending glue as a answer.  This leads
>> 	to cases where, with big enough RRsets, you can't return
>> 	the requested glue even as the first additional RRset.
>
> This isn't really needed if all the necessary prerequisites are met and
> the resolver does what it's supposed to. It wouldn't save anything, other
> than providing explicit pointer instead of having to rely on implicit
> logics. I mean, if the NS RRs are present and the parent servers are
> reachable, the resolver can go and fetch the glue data separately without
> being told that the data would not fit in the answer (it would still have
> to do that even if the TC flag were set so the only real shortcut here
> would be in the resolver logic).

FWIW, draft-ietf-dnsop-ipv6-issues-10.txt section 4.4 (with 
subsections) discuss some of these problems in a specific context.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 17:21:08 2005
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: NS, *, and DNSSEC
Cc: ed.lewis@neustar.biz
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In writing up a seciton on the interaction of NS's, *'s and DNSSEC, I 
found a problem.

This comes from the Nove IETF meeting:

    For example, a zone has the following records (not complete):

        *.example. IN 3600 NS bogon.example.
        *.example. IN 3600 NSEC twn.example. NS NSEC RRSIG

        twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC twp.example. ...
        twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...

        twp.example. IN 3600 NSEC example. ...

    The query is for: two.example. IN NS

    The response is :
       Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
       Answer:
         two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
       Authority:
         twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
         twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...

What I've noticed is that there is no signature over the NS in the 
answer section.  It's not there because the signer would not have 
signed the *.example NS record - valid because if I were looking for 
www.*.example, this behaves as any other delegation.

But without the RRSIG (NS), there's a tear in the fabric of DNSSEC.

Let's say that there is no wildcard NS set.  The response for the 
query would then be:

       Authoritative answer, authoritative name error:
       Answer:
       Authority:
         twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
         twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
         example.     IN 3600 NSEC  a.example. ...
         example.     IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...

This shows there is no "two.example." and no "*.example."

This message is vulnerable to a substitution of this:
       Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
       Answer:
         two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
       Authority:
         twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
         twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...

There is no way to tell that the latter response was substituted for 
the first.  If the client asks the authority for "*.example" with 
type ANY, then the client can deduce a problem as an afterthought.

OTOH, the client will probably detect that the zone is signed, hence 
seeing an unsigned answer is suspicious and will probably reject the 
answer.  However, the latter answer would be legit given the example 
zone data.

This is a really small and annoying corner case, no doubt.  I don't 
like it because it means there is a point of ambiguity in the 
protocol, a non-determinism.  We had the same problem with opt-in.

It's probably not right to sign *-owned NS records not at the apex, 
but that is what would be needed for this particular record.  I doubt 
that we would want the servers have to hold signatures for all 
wildcards and only dole them out when the wildcards are in answer 
sections (i.e. expanded).

Suggestions?
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 17:32:22 2005
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Date: Mon, 7 Feb 2005 17:29:58 -0500
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC
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A problem with the problem... the *.example. NSEC shouldn't exist.

At 17:17 -0500 2/7/05, Edward Lewis wrote:
>In writing up a seciton on the interaction of NS's, *'s and DNSSEC, 
>I found a problem.
>
>This comes from the Nove IETF meeting:
>
>    For example, a zone has the following records (not complete):
>
>        *.example. IN 3600 NS bogon.example.
>        *.example. IN 3600 NSEC twn.example. NS NSEC RRSIG
>
>        twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC twp.example. ...
>        twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>
>        twp.example. IN 3600 NSEC example. ...
>
>    The query is for: two.example. IN NS
>
>    The response is :
>       Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
>       Answer:
>         two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
>       Authority:
>         twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>         twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>
>What I've noticed is that there is no signature over the NS in the 
>answer section.  It's not there because the signer would not have 
>signed the *.example NS record - valid because if I were looking for 
>www.*.example, this behaves as any other delegation.
>
>But without the RRSIG (NS), there's a tear in the fabric of DNSSEC.
>
>Let's say that there is no wildcard NS set.  The response for the 
>query would then be:
>
>       Authoritative answer, authoritative name error:
>       Answer:
>       Authority:
>         twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>         twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>         example.     IN 3600 NSEC  a.example. ...
>         example.     IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>
>This shows there is no "two.example." and no "*.example."
>
>This message is vulnerable to a substitution of this:
>       Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
>       Answer:
>         two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
>       Authority:
>         twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>         twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>
>There is no way to tell that the latter response was substituted for 
>the first.  If the client asks the authority for "*.example" with 
>type ANY, then the client can deduce a problem as an afterthought.
>
>OTOH, the client will probably detect that the zone is signed, hence 
>seeing an unsigned answer is suspicious and will probably reject the 
>answer.  However, the latter answer would be legit given the example 
>zone data.
>
>This is a really small and annoying corner case, no doubt.  I don't 
>like it because it means there is a point of ambiguity in the 
>protocol, a non-determinism.  We had the same problem with opt-in.
>
>It's probably not right to sign *-owned NS records not at the apex, 
>but that is what would be needed for this particular record.  I 
>doubt that we would want the servers have to hold signatures for all 
>wildcards and only dole them out when the wildcards are in answer 
>sections (i.e. expanded).
>
>Suggestions?
>--
>-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
>Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
>NeuStar
>
>"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield
>
>--
>to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
>the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
>archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>

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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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Date: Mon, 7 Feb 2005 17:31:31 -0500
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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Forget the problem with the problem, the problem was correct before it.
(My mind's fuse blew when writing this.)

At 17:29 -0500 2/7/05, Edward Lewis wrote:
>A problem with the problem... the *.example. NSEC shouldn't exist.
>
>At 17:17 -0500 2/7/05, Edward Lewis wrote:
>>In writing up a seciton on the interaction of NS's, *'s and DNSSEC, 
>>I found a problem.
>>
>>This comes from the Nove IETF meeting:
>>
>>     For example, a zone has the following records (not complete):
>>
>>         *.example. IN 3600 NS bogon.example.
>>         *.example. IN 3600 NSEC twn.example. NS NSEC RRSIG
>>
>>         twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC twp.example. ...
>>         twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>>
>>         twp.example. IN 3600 NSEC example. ...
>>
>>     The query is for: two.example. IN NS
>>
>>     The response is :
>>        Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
>>        Answer:
>>          two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
>>        Authority:
>>          twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>>          twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>>
>>What I've noticed is that there is no signature over the NS in the 
>>answer section.  It's not there because the signer would not have 
>>signed the *.example NS record - valid because if I were looking 
>>for www.*.example, this behaves as any other delegation.
>>
>>But without the RRSIG (NS), there's a tear in the fabric of DNSSEC.
>>
>>Let's say that there is no wildcard NS set.  The response for the 
>>query would then be:
>>
>>        Authoritative answer, authoritative name error:
>>        Answer:
>>        Authority:
>>          twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>>          twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>>          example.     IN 3600 NSEC  a.example. ...
>>          example.     IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>>
>>This shows there is no "two.example." and no "*.example."
>>
>>This message is vulnerable to a substitution of this:
>>        Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
>>        Answer:
>>          two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
>>        Authority:
>>          twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>>          twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>>
>>There is no way to tell that the latter response was substituted 
>>for the first.  If the client asks the authority for "*.example" 
>>with type ANY, then the client can deduce a problem as an 
>>afterthought.
>>
>>OTOH, the client will probably detect that the zone is signed, 
>>hence seeing an unsigned answer is suspicious and will probably 
>>reject the answer.  However, the latter answer would be legit given 
>>the example zone data.
>>
>>This is a really small and annoying corner case, no doubt.  I don't 
>>like it because it means there is a point of ambiguity in the 
>>protocol, a non-determinism.  We had the same problem with opt-in.
>>
>>It's probably not right to sign *-owned NS records not at the apex, 
>>but that is what would be needed for this particular record.  I 
>>doubt that we would want the servers have to hold signatures for 
>>all wildcards and only dole them out when the wildcards are in 
>>answer sections (i.e. expanded).
>>
>>Suggestions?
>>--
>>-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
>>Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
>>NeuStar
>>
>>"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield
>>
>>--
>>to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
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>>archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
>
>--
>-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
>Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
>NeuStar
>
>"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  7 18:15:02 2005
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To: "Eric A. Hall" <ehall@ehsco.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: I have a feeling that the rules for setting TC need tweaking 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 07 Feb 2005 14:32:16 CDT."
             <4207C240.7030702@ehsco.com> 
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> 
> On 2/6/2005 7:01 PM, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> > 	* RFC 2181 precludes sending glue as a answer.  This leads
> > 	to cases where, with big enough RRsets, you can't return
> > 	the requested glue even as the first additional RRset.
> 
> This isn't really needed if all the necessary prerequisites are met and
> the resolver does what it's supposed to. It wouldn't save anything, other
> than providing explicit pointer instead of having to rely on implicit
> logics. I mean, if the NS RRs are present and the parent servers are
> reachable, the resolver can go and fetch the glue data separately without
> being told that the data would not fit in the answer (it would still have
> to do that even if the TC flag were set so the only real shortcut here
> would be in the resolver logic).

	You are missing the point.  The query that needs the TC set *is*
	the glue query to the parent.

	If you are querying the parent (NET) for NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A and the
	size of the RRsets for EXAMPLE.NET/NS and NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A exceed
	what can fit in the UDP response you have a case were you can't
	fetch the glue.

	Note we can't assume we can reach any other servers for EXAMPLE.NET
	as we may have tried all of them and are just missing the glue for
	NS.EXAMPLE.NET.

	Older servers returned the NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A record in the answer
	section so if it didn't fit you would get TC set and fall back
	to TCP.  RFC 2181 changes the section where the glue is returned.
 
> There are also a lot of really weird corner cases here... my QTYPE ADDR
> draft had some gymnastics that could be difficult to work with in such a
> case, for exammple, but there's also a huge installed base of RFCs and
> implementations alike that have been hammered on when TC is appropriate.
> 
> There's probably another way to skin this cat that doesn't cause problems
> for core/critical handling that's already out there.
> 
> -- 
> Eric A. Hall                                        http://www.ehsco.com/
> Internet Core Protocols          http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/coreprot/
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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On 2/7/2005 6:12 PM, Mark Andrews wrote:
>>On 2/6/2005 7:01 PM, Mark Andrews wrote:
>>
>>>	* RFC 2181 precludes sending glue as a answer.  This leads
>>>	to cases where, with big enough RRsets, you can't return
>>>	the requested glue even as the first additional RRset.
>>
>>This isn't really needed if all the necessary prerequisites are met and
>>the resolver does what it's supposed to. It wouldn't save anything, other
>>than providing explicit pointer instead of having to rely on implicit
>>logics. I mean, if the NS RRs are present and the parent servers are
>>reachable, the resolver can go and fetch the glue data separately without
>>being told that the data would not fit in the answer (it would still have
>>to do that even if the TC flag were set so the only real shortcut here
>>would be in the resolver logic).
> 
> 	You are missing the point.  The query that needs the TC set *is*
> 	the glue query to the parent.
> 
> 	If you are querying the parent (NET) for NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A and the
> 	size of the RRsets for EXAMPLE.NET/NS and NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A exceed
> 	what can fit in the UDP response you have a case were you can't
> 	fetch the glue.

Sure you can: ask the servers for the NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A discretely. That's
what they have to do anyway, so it's best to just bonk them and say as
much. My main point is that changing the meaning of TC is probably bad.

-- 
Eric A. Hall                                        http://www.ehsco.com/
Internet Core Protocols          http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/coreprot/

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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Subject: Re: I have a feeling that the rules for setting TC need tweaking
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Eric A. Hall wrote:

> Sure you can: ask the servers for the NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A discretely. That's
> what they have to do anyway, so it's best to just bonk them and say as
> much. My main point is that changing the meaning of TC is probably bad.

RFC1034

To fix this problem, a zone contains "glue" RRs which are not
part of the authoritative data, and are address RRs for the servers.
These RRs are only necessary if the name server's name is "below" the
cut, and are only used as part of a referral response.

							Masataka Ohta



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To: "Eric A. Hall" <ehall@ehsco.com>
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: I have a feeling that the rules for setting TC need tweaking 
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> 
> On 2/7/2005 6:12 PM, Mark Andrews wrote:
> >>On 2/6/2005 7:01 PM, Mark Andrews wrote:
> >>
> >>>	* RFC 2181 precludes sending glue as a answer.  This leads
> >>>	to cases where, with big enough RRsets, you can't return
> >>>	the requested glue even as the first additional RRset.
> >>
> >>This isn't really needed if all the necessary prerequisites are met and
> >>the resolver does what it's supposed to. It wouldn't save anything, other
> >>than providing explicit pointer instead of having to rely on implicit
> >>logics. I mean, if the NS RRs are present and the parent servers are
> >>reachable, the resolver can go and fetch the glue data separately without
> >>being told that the data would not fit in the answer (it would still have
> >>to do that even if the TC flag were set so the only real shortcut here
> >>would be in the resolver logic).
> > 
> > 	You are missing the point.  The query that needs the TC set *is*
> > 	the glue query to the parent.
> > 
> > 	If you are querying the parent (NET) for NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A and the
> > 	size of the RRsets for EXAMPLE.NET/NS and NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A exceed
> > 	what can fit in the UDP response you have a case were you can't
> > 	fetch the glue.
> 
> Sure you can: ask the servers for the NS.EXAMPLE.NET/A discretely. That's
> what they have to do anyway, so it's best to just bonk them and say as
> much. My main point is that changing the meaning of TC is probably bad.

	F implement RFC 2181 rules.   Note it has the glue for
	A.GTLD-SERVERS.NET and it is NOT returned in the ANSWER
	section.  Now let the NS RRset for NET get bigger and / or
	the A RRset for A.GTLD-SERVERS.NET get bigger so that their
	combined sizes exceed 476 octets.

	Prior to RFC 2181 you would just set TC as you couldn't fit
	the response into the ANSWER and AUTHORITY sections.  With
	RFC 2181 we still need to get the same information returned
	with the same space constaints however the A RRset now appears
	in the ADDITIONAL section and the current rules say that you
	don't set TC so all you return is the NS RRset and any other
	additonal RRsets that still fit.  You don't get the glue you
	are requesting.  You don't get any indication that if you were
	to retry the query with TCP that you would be able to get the
	glue.

	I know people will say that this is contrived.  Add DNSSEC,
	with associate DS, RRSIG(DS) an OPT records, and a broken
	firewall forcing the client to use a 512 byte UDP size to the
	picture and it becomes a lot less contrived.

; <<>> DiG 8.3 <<>> a.gtld-servers.net @f.root-servers.net +norec 
; (2 servers found)
;; res options: init defnam dnsrch
;; got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 13343
;; flags: qr; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 13, ADDITIONAL: 15
;; QUERY SECTION:
;;	a.gtld-servers.net, type = A, class = IN

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
net.			2D IN NS	B.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	C.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	D.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	E.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	F.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	G.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	H.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	I.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	J.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	K.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	L.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	M.gtld-servers.net.
net.			2D IN NS	a.gtld-servers.net.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
a.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.5.6.30
a.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN AAAA	2001:503:a83e::2:30
B.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.33.14.30
B.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN AAAA	2001:503:231d::2:30
C.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.26.92.30
D.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.31.80.30
E.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.12.94.30
F.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.35.51.30
G.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.42.93.30
H.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.54.112.30
I.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.43.172.30
J.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.48.79.30
K.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.52.178.30
L.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.41.162.30
M.gtld-servers.net.	2D IN A		192.55.83.30

;; Total query time: 179 msec
;; FROM: drugs.dv.isc.org to SERVER: 2001:500::1035
;; WHEN: Tue Feb  8 13:41:02 2005
;; MSG SIZE  sent: 36  rcvd: 506

--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  8 01:07:07 2005
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
cc: "Eric A. Hall" <ehall@ehsco.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: I have a feeling that the rules for setting TC need tweaking 
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I'm not sure what all the fuss is about here.   The "rules" for not
setting TC when an additional section is truncated are just to make
it clear that additional data is not supposed to be mandatory, and
forcing a TCP request to fetch it is just plain stupid.

It makes no sense though to try and prevent the server setting TC any
time it feels it needs to (it is the one that will suffer from having
to deal with TCP after all).

All that is needed is for the server to include nothing additional, and
set TC.   That's identical to a reply with a truncated answer/auth section,
and causes a TCP retry (the client cannot possibly tell that there wasn't
more needed for that section that simply didn't fit).

If you prefer, send a baby reply, with nothing but header with TC set in
it (no RR's, except the question, at all).

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  8 03:37:16 2005
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From: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC
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On Mon, 7 Feb 2005, Edward Lewis wrote:

> In writing up a seciton on the interaction of NS's, *'s and DNSSEC, I
> found a problem.
>
> This comes from the Nove IETF meeting:
>
>     For example, a zone has the following records (not complete):
>
>         *.example. IN 3600 NS bogon.example.
>         *.example. IN 3600 NSEC twn.example. NS NSEC RRSIG
>
>         twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC twp.example. ...
>         twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>
>         twp.example. IN 3600 NSEC example. ...
>
>     The query is for: two.example. IN NS
>
>     The response is :
>        Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
>        Answer:
>          two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
>        Authority:
>          twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>          twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>
> What I've noticed is that there is no signature over the NS in the
> answer section.  It's not there because the signer would not have
> signed the *.example NS record - valid because if I were looking for
> www.*.example, this behaves as any other delegation.
>
> But without the RRSIG (NS), there's a tear in the fabric of DNSSEC.
>
> Let's say that there is no wildcard NS set.  The response for the
> query would then be:
>
>        Authoritative answer, authoritative name error:
>        Answer:
>        Authority:
>          twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>          twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>          example.     IN 3600 NSEC  a.example. ...
>          example.     IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>
> This shows there is no "two.example." and no "*.example."
>
> This message is vulnerable to a substitution of this:
>        Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
>        Answer:
>          two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
>        Authority:
>          twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
>          twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...
>
> There is no way to tell that the latter response was substituted for
> the first.  If the client asks the authority for "*.example" with
> type ANY, then the client can deduce a problem as an afterthought.
>
> OTOH, the client will probably detect that the zone is signed, hence
> seeing an unsigned answer is suspicious and will probably reject the
> answer.  However, the latter answer would be legit given the example
> zone data.
>
> This is a really small and annoying corner case, no doubt.  I don't
> like it because it means there is a point of ambiguity in the
> protocol, a non-determinism.  We had the same problem with opt-in.
>
> It's probably not right to sign *-owned NS records not at the apex,
> but that is what would be needed for this particular record.  I doubt
> that we would want the servers have to hold signatures for all
> wildcards and only dole them out when the wildcards are in answer
> sections (i.e. expanded).
>
> Suggestions?

You must include the appropriate NSEC (and concomitant RRSIG) to prove
that the delegation is not secured.

So, in your latter example:

        Authoritative Answer, response code of no error
        Answer:
          two.example. IN 3600 NS    bogon.example.
        Authority:
          twn.example. IN 3600 NSEC  twp.example. ...
          twn.example. IN 3600 RRSIG NSEC ... signed by example. ...

You MUST include a NSEC for two.example. In this case:

          *.example. IN 3600 NSEC twn.example. NS NSEC RRSIG

(but then with expanded wildcard).

In other words, a resolver would drop the response.

Roy

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Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org> wrote:

{IESG removed from Cc}

> 	I stand by my words.  URLs take hostnames.  RFC 2396 just
> 	described the subset of hostnames that are representable in
> 	the DNS.

RFC 2396 has recently been obsoleted by RFC 3986. That now uses a Thingy
Formerly Known As Hostname.

> 	names.  Most applications, including web browsers, take
> 	hostnames.  The fact that you can represent most (but not all)
> 	hostnames in the DNS just adds to the confusion.
> 
> 	Hostnames of length 254 and 255 cannot be represented in the DNS.

Yes, but "domain names" of length 254 or 255 cannot either - due to the fact
that the wire format needs two more octets than the FQDN text representation.

> 	I don't expect a application that takes a hostname to accept
> 	\DDD.  I do expect a application that takes a domain name to
> 	accept \DDD.

Now it may be time to dig out your long since expired Internet Draft again ...

> 	Telnet, ssh, ftp etc. take hostnames.

Weird enough they should use IDNs - at a different layer, though.

-Peter

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  8 09:33:55 2005
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Date: Tue, 8 Feb 2005 08:26:37 -0500
To: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC
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At 9:33 +0100 2/8/05, Roy Arends wrote:
>You must include the appropriate NSEC (and concomitant RRSIG) to prove
>that the delegation is not secured.

Why "must include?"  This isn't a delegation, it's an authoritative 
answer.  By virtue of following what is in 1034/4.3.2/3.c instead of 
b, we aren't dealing with a delegation point.

>In other words, a resolver would drop the response.

The problem is that when we decide to let the server treat the 
expanded wildcard NS as "just other data" we are messing with the 
signer and validator's mind.  If we were to revert to treating the * 
NS expansion as a cut point, the signer and validator are happy, but 
the server is different.

Options are (I am including discarded ones for completeness):

1) Alter the name servers to never accept a * NS record, whether via 
zone load, AXFR, IXFR, or dynamic update.

2) Alter the algorithm in 4.3.2 to exclude expanding NS records in 
step 3, part c.

3) Alter the rules in the signer to apply the signature to a * NS and 
then instruct the server to not include the RRSIG when adding this to 
the authority section.

Option 3 is complicated because there is one execution path that goes 
through part b (the referral message result) that needs to be 
maintained as legal.

I'm not as worried that we need to instruct the validator to 
understand this, that's the easy part.  The problem is that we have a 
situation in the protocol where there are two distinctly different 
yet plausible answers to a query.  The validator cannot distinguish 
which is right - meaning we are failing the source authenticity and 
data integrity goals.

Before getting too excited about this, this is a really rare corner 
case we are talking about.  The QTYPE has to be NS for this to come 
up, and rarely does anyone ask for the NS set outside of debugging 
operations.  (Wildcards are not expanded in the authority section.)
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  8 10:51:39 2005
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From: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
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I envision endless discussion over beer... (the beer makes it A Good
Thing).

On Tue, 8 Feb 2005, Edward Lewis wrote:

> At 9:33 +0100 2/8/05, Roy Arends wrote:
> >You must include the appropriate NSEC (and concomitant RRSIG) to prove
> >that the delegation is not secured.
>
> Why "must include?"  This isn't a delegation, it's an authoritative
> answer.  By virtue of following what is in 1034/4.3.2/3.c instead of
> b, we aren't dealing with a delegation point.

Ah, not a delegation, eh ?

Okay, why wouldn't this NS set be signed ?

dnssec-records:

   The NS RRset that appears at the zone apex name MUST be signed, but
   the NS RRsets that appear at delegation points (that is, the NS
   RRsets in the parent zone that delegate the name to the child zone's
   name servers) MUST NOT be signed.  Glue address RRsets associated
   with delegations MUST NOT be signed.

Note that wildcard NS records are not 'zone cuts' or delegation points by
your reading of the algorithm in 1034/4.3.2/3

Roy

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  8 11:12:04 2005
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Date: Tue, 8 Feb 2005 11:09:32 -0500
To: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC
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At 16:47 +0100 2/8/05, Roy Arends wrote:

>Ah, not a delegation, eh ?

Not in this context, no.

>Okay, why wouldn't this NS set be signed ?

Because in another context it is a delegation. ;)

(Ever take a Quantum Physics course?)

>dnssec-records:
>
>    The NS RRset that appears at the zone apex name MUST be signed, but
>    the NS RRsets that appear at delegation points (that is, the NS
>    RRsets in the parent zone that delegate the name to the child zone's
>    name servers) MUST NOT be signed.  Glue address RRsets associated
>    with delegations MUST NOT be signed.
>
>Note that wildcard NS records are not 'zone cuts' or delegation points by
>your reading of the algorithm in 1034/4.3.2/3

'Zactly.

There are two frames of reference.  In one, the observer is standing 
still, looking at the tree.  To this observer, the * NS is a zone 
cut.  In the other frame of reference, the observer is moving along 
the execution path of a response and falls into step c (authority 
record synthesis) and not step b (referral across a zone cut), 
concluding that the answer is not a zone cut.

Both observers are witnessing the same structure.

Ergo, the speed of light is a constant for the given medium.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  8 11:35:40 2005
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Date: Tue, 8 Feb 2005 11:33:51 -0500
To: Peter Koch <pk@TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
 Clarification' to Proposed Standard
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At 14:33 +0100 2/8/05, Peter Koch wrote:

>RFC 2396 has recently been obsoleted by RFC 3986. That now uses a Thingy
>Formerly Known As Hostname.

Thanks.  (I wish they'd note "obsoleted-by" on the older RFCs. 
Googling often misses the new ones.)

The updated text isn't materially different than the old, although 
it's a lot more specific, "section 3.5" instead of just 3.  Getting 
into document lawyering (i.e., career preservation), I'm more 
convinced that \DDD isn't intended to be legal URI syntax.

Looking at this, which is the comment that is prolonging the thread...

At 7:11 +0000 2/7/05, D. J. Bernstein wrote:
>This document specifies \065 as a synonym for capital A---not just in
>zone files, but in all ``human readable and writable ASCII contexts.''
>
>That specification is plainly erroneous. Nobody is willing to defend the
>notion that this screwy decimal system should be allowed in URLs, SMTP
>RCPT, etc.
>
>The obvious fix is to limit the document to zone files.

Here is the text in the document:

# 2.1 Escaping Unusual DNS Label Octets
#
#    In Master Files [STD 13] and other human readable and writable ASCII
#    contexts, an escape is needed for the byte value for period (0x2E,

Note that the draft does not say "all" but rather "and other."  I 
don't see a need to edit this.  It's not an exclusive statement.

-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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To: Peter Koch <pk@TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE>
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity Clarification' to Proposed Standard 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 08 Feb 2005 14:33:56 BST."
             <200502081333.j18DXuN01894@grimsvotn.TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE> 
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> Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org> wrote:
> 
> {IESG removed from Cc}
> 
> > 	I stand by my words.  URLs take hostnames.  RFC 2396 just
> > 	described the subset of hostnames that are representable in
> > 	the DNS.
> 
> RFC 2396 has recently been obsoleted by RFC 3986. That now uses a Thingy
> Formerly Known As Hostname.
> 
> > 	names.  Most applications, including web browsers, take
> > 	hostnames.  The fact that you can represent most (but not all)
> > 	hostnames in the DNS just adds to the confusion.
> > 
> > 	Hostnames of length 254 and 255 cannot be represented in the DNS.
> 
> Yes, but "domain names" of length 254 or 255 cannot either - due to the fact
> that the wire format needs two more octets than the FQDN text representation.

	The length of domain names has always been defined in terms of the
	uncompressed wire length.  The presentation format can go to 1004
	characters.
 
> > 	I don't expect a application that takes a hostname to accept
> > 	\DDD.  I do expect a application that takes a domain name to
> > 	accept \DDD.
> 
> Now it may be time to dig out your long since expired Internet Draft again ..
> .
> 
> > 	Telnet, ssh, ftp etc. take hostnames.
> 
> Weird enough they should use IDNs - at a different layer, though.

	What this document is talking about is the DNS (that big replicated
	distributed database) and how you represent domain names in
	it.  In the tools that manipulate it.

	It has NOTHING to do with how hostnames are represented.
	The fact that you can store and retrieve hostnames from it
	is irrelevent as it is at a totally different layer.

	IDN exist at a layer about the DNS.  They are transformed to
	and from DNS labels.

--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  8 21:56:36 2005
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From: Danny Mayer <mayer@gis.net>
Subject: Re: Last Call: 'Domain Name System (DNS) Case Insensitivity
  Clarification' to Proposed Standard
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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 <200502081333.j18DXuN01894@grimsvotn.TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE>
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At 11:33 AM 2/8/2005, Edward Lewis wrote:
>At 14:33 +0100 2/8/05, Peter Koch wrote:
>
>>RFC 2396 has recently been obsoleted by RFC 3986. That now uses a Thingy
>>Formerly Known As Hostname.
>
>Thanks.  (I wish they'd note "obsoleted-by" on the older RFCs. Googling 
>often misses the new ones.)
>
>The updated text isn't materially different than the old, although it's a 
>lot more specific, "section 3.5" instead of just 3.  Getting into document 
>lawyering (i.e., career preservation), I'm more convinced that \DDD isn't 
>intended to be legal URI syntax.

URI's are described in RFC 1808 Section 2.1 and 1738 Section 3.1 which
describes the host part of the URI this way:

     host
         The fully qualified domain name of a network host, or its IP
         address as a set of four decimal digit groups separated by
         ".". Fully qualified domain names take the form as described
         in Section 3.5 of RFC 1034 [13] and Section 2.1 of RFC 1123
         [5]: a sequence of domain labels separated by ".", each domain
         label starting and ending with an alphanumerical character and
         possibly also containing "-" characters. The rightmost domain
         label will never start with a digit, though, which
         syntactically distinguishes all domain names from the IP
         addresses.

I happened to have grabbed it today to deal with another unrelated
matter.

Looks like escaped digits are not allowed in host names and domain
names. There's nothing in either Section 3.5 of RFC 1034 or Section 2.1
that mentions it.

Does that clarify things?

Danny


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 05:41:13 2005
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--On 08 February 2005 21:50 -0500 Danny Mayer <mayer@gis.net> wrote:

> Does that clarify things?

Not really as going back to the previous question, that leaves domain
names having case "in them", but being compared case insensitively for
DNS applications, but (unless it's elsewhere) no such prescription on
the host part of URI's. I think all you've shown is that DJB's
"typing things into browser bar"'s example is insufficient to prove
his point, as the escape sequence itself may have been (correctly)
passed in the wire-format URI rather than the capital letter he (I think)
intended.

Alex

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 05:48:23 2005
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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 <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502080914130.29686@trinitario.schlyter.se>
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On Tue, 8 Feb 2005, Edward Lewis wrote:

> At 16:47 +0100 2/8/05, Roy Arends wrote:
>
> (Ever take a Quantum Physics course?)

The moment I tried to observe the course, it ceased to exist.

> >dnssec-records:
> >
> >    The NS RRset that appears at the zone apex name MUST be signed, but
> >    the NS RRsets that appear at delegation points (that is, the NS
> >    RRsets in the parent zone that delegate the name to the child zone's
> >    name servers) MUST NOT be signed.  Glue address RRsets associated
> >    with delegations MUST NOT be signed.
> >
> >Note that wildcard NS records are not 'zone cuts' or delegation points by
> >your reading of the algorithm in 1034/4.3.2/3
>
> 'Zactly.
>
> There are two frames of reference.  In one, the observer is standing
> still, looking at the tree.  To this observer, the * NS is a zone
> cut.  In the other frame of reference, the observer is moving along
> the execution path of a response and falls into step c (authority
> record synthesis) and not step b (referral across a zone cut),
> concluding that the answer is not a zone cut.
>
> Both observers are witnessing the same structure.
>
> Ergo, the speed of light is a constant for the given medium.

Actually, what I tried to argue here is that in any way, shape or form, a
wildcard NS RRset is NOT (as in NEVER) a zone cut. I know this is a long
shot, but 1034/4.3.2/3 backs the argument.

The first observer would therefor never observe a zone cut.

Roy

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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC 
In-Reply-To: <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502091137330.1811@trinitario.schlyter.se> 
References: <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502091137330.1811@trinitario.schlyter.se>  <a06200708be2d95f45b6c@[10.31.32.120]> <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502080914130.29686@trinitario.schlyter.se> <a06200700be2e6b658c96@[192.168.1.103]> <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502081547100.28971@trinitario.schlyter.se> <a06200702be2e93854874@[10.31.32.120]> 
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    Date:        Wed, 9 Feb 2005 11:46:25 +0100 (CET)
    From:        Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
    Message-ID:  <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502091137330.1811@trinitario.schlyter.se>

  | Actually, what I tried to argue here is that in any way, shape or form, a
  | wildcard NS RRset is NOT (as in NEVER) a zone cut. I know this is a long
  | shot, but 1034/4.3.2/3 backs the argument.

You're right, and wrong ... a wildcard is never a zone cut, but a '*'
as a label can be.   The problem is that nothing ever prohibited '*' from
being either a character in, or the whole text of, a label in a domain
name.   All that was done was to make it be the representation of a
wildcard when a wildcard is needed.

  | The first observer would therefor never observe a zone cut.

Someone will, if they query for x.*.example. in the example given in the
earlier message.   They'll get a referral to bogon.example. when the
server for example. is queried.

There's no way to run the algorithm without this happening, as the wildcard
stuff only ever happens when there isn't an exact match (a case independent
exact match of course...) between the label in the QNAME and a label in the
zone being searched - and here that exact match exists (strcmp("*","*") == 0).

kre


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From Dodgetqxlk@check1check.com  Wed Feb  9 08:03:14 2005
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 08:50:50 2005
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Date: Wed, 9 Feb 2005 08:46:49 -0500
To: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 11:46 +0100 2/9/05, Roy Arends wrote:

>Actually, what I tried to argue here is that in any way, shape or form, a
>wildcard NS RRset is NOT (as in NEVER) a zone cut. I know this is a long
>shot, but 1034/4.3.2/3 backs the argument.

One problem here is in the terminology.  "A wildcard NS RRset" has a 
fuzzy meaning.

In the draft I use the idiom "source of synthesis."  This is the 
domain name that is consulted to synthesize records in 3c.  Such a 
domain name has to "begin with" an asterisk label, the rest of the 
domain name is the closest encloser.   Only in this role does being a 
wildcard have any special meaning.

("Begin with" doesn't precluse there being subdomains of the name, 
they just don't matter.)

The reason a source of synthesis (well it's not "never a zone cut" 
but it) "never acts like a zone cut" is because in 3c, where the 
chimera called a source of synthesis briefly appears, there is no 
provision for a referral message reply.

Outside of step 3c, wild card domain names really have no 
significance.  (A source of synthesis is <asterisk label>.<closest 
encloser> - and there is no closest encloser until you define one, in 
3c.)  From that rule, a domain name starting with an asterisk label 
can be a cut point.

I've been mulling this over and it isn't a problem in base DNS, it's 
a problem in the definition of DNSSEC.  I have come to believe that 
we ought *not* to restrict * NS and still think so.  I toyed with 
suggesting that we say in 3c that * NS is never expanded, but this 
would mean a change to all the legacy name servers.  If DNSSEC were 
to fail, we'd have made a permanent change for a temporary problem.

Perhaps what is needed are some rules added to DNSSEC processing. 
I.e., a signer does sign a * NS set.  A server does not include the 
RRSIG(NS) in the authority section in step 3b.  A validator is given 
the proper authorization information regarding the signer name in the 
RRSIG(NS).

>The first observer would therefor never observe a zone cut.

Usually because first observers wind up with an arrow in the back. ;)
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 08:59:18 2005
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Date: Wed, 9 Feb 2005 08:53:09 -0500
To: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC
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At 19:57 +0700 2/9/05, Robert Elz wrote:

>Someone will, if they query for x.*.example. in the example given in the
>earlier message.   They'll get a referral to bogon.example. when the
>server for example. is queried.

I don't think that is right - they'd get a referral to *.example.  We 
don't "expand" the wildcard in 3b.

NSD 2.2.0 does it that way...the other implementation I tried 
wouldn't let me load a "* NS."

>There's no way to run the algorithm without this happening, as the wildcard
>stuff only ever happens when there isn't an exact match (a case independent
>exact match of course...) between the label in the QNAME and a label in the
>zone being searched - and here that exact match exists (strcmp("*","*") == 0).

Right - that's step 3c.

PS -> (strcmp(label,"*") == 0) || (strcmp(label,"\*") == 0)
       || (strcmp(label,"\042") == 0)

You can't escape the asterisk...;)
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NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 13:58:48 2005
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Subject: proposed sol'n to the '* NS' problem
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The problem with signed zones having a "* NS" is that when the record 
set acts as a source of synthesis, it lacks the requisite RRSIG to 
cover it (as would any other record set synthesized in 
1034/4.3.2/3c).  Without this RRSIG, this, albeit non-sense, 
situation is a place where message substitution can go undetected.

Although this vulnerability is superficially a stupid little corner 
case, I am somewhat concerned that, if left untreated, would allow 
cache poisoning by allowing NS RRsets to be presented to a caching 
element.  I am not sure this is possible - I haven't been able to 
construct the situation with existing code.

In the spirit of, "well, there is an ugly fix to this I can imagine," 
I'll present it here.  This isn't necessarily the best fix, nor does 
this mean that this or any fix is needed.  It is presented here for 
discussion.

In dnssecbis-protocol draft (sitting in the RFC Editor Queue since mid-Oct.):

In Section 2.2, change the original text:

#   The NS RRset that appears at the zone apex name MUST be signed, but
#   the NS RRsets that appear at delegation points (that is, the NS
#   RRsets in the parent zone that delegate the name to the child zone's
#   name servers) MUST NOT be signed.  Glue address RRsets associated
#   with delegations MUST NOT be signed.

to something like:

    The NS RRset that appears at the zone apex name MUST be signed, as well
    as any NS RRset that is owned by a wild card domain name MUST be signed, but
    the NS RRsets that appear at delegation points (that is, the NS
    RRsets in the parent zone that delegate the name to the child zone's
    name servers) MUST NOT be signed.  Glue address RRsets associated
    with delegations MUST NOT be signed.

That takes care of the missing RRSIG, but now means that there is a 
spurious RRSIG in places, as well as a potentially confusing 
situation for the validator.

In section 3.1.1, the original text:

#   o  When placing a signed RRset in the Authority section, the name
#      server MUST also place its RRSIG RRs in the Authority section.
#      The RRSIG RRs have a higher priority for inclusion than any other
#      RRsets that may need to be included.  If space does not permit
#      inclusion of these RRSIG RRs, the name server MUST set the TC bit.

changes to this:

    o  When placing a signed RRset in the Authority section, the name
       server MUST also place its RRSIG RRs in the Authority section,
       with the exception of RRSIGs for a referral NS RRSet.  When a
       non-authoritative server adds an NS RRset to the Authority section,
       its RRSIG MUST NOT be inserted.  (Ordinarily, there isn't such an
       RRSIG, only in the case of a wildcard NS RRset will it appear.)
       The RRSIG RRs have a higher priority for inclusion than any other
       RRsets that may need to be included.  If space does not permit
       inclusion of these RRSIG RRs, the name server MUST set the TC bit.

That takes care of the spurious RRSIG, noting that there is already a rule
saying that all records in the Answer Section are signed.

(My edit is perhaps too wordy.)

In section 5.3.1, this takes care of the authorization-to-sign problem.

The original is:

#   o  The RRSIG RR's Signer's Name field MUST be the name of the zone
#      that contains the RRset;

The new rule is:

    o  The RRSIG RR's Signer's Name field MUST be the name of the zone
       that contains the RRset, with one exception.  If the Type Covered
       field of the RRSIG is NS and the RRSIG Labels field indicates that
       this is a synthesized RRset, then the Signer's Name field MUST be
       the name of the zone above the cut point;

That should take care of the problem, well, that is one way to take 
care of the problem.  Yes, it is a wart.

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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: A DNS RR for encoding DHCP information (DHCID RR)
	Author(s)	: M. Stapp, et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dhcid-rr-09.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 2005-2-9
	
It is possible for multiple DHCP clients to attempt to update the
same DNS FQDN as they obtain DHCP leases. Whether the DHCP server or
the clients themselves perform the DNS updates, conflicts can arise.
To resolve such conflicts, 'Resolution of DNS Name Conflicts'[1]
proposes storing client identifiers in the DNS to unambiguously
associate domain names with the DHCP clients to which they refer.
This memo defines a distinct RR type for this purpose for use by
DHCP clients and servers, the 'DHCID' RR.

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The charter of the DNS Extensions (dnsext) working group in the Internet Area 
of the IETF has been updated. For additional information, please contact 
the Area Directors or the working group Chairs.

+++

DNS Extensions (dnsext)
=========================

  Current Status: Active Working Group 

  Chair(s):
      Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>
      Olaf Kolkman <olaf@ripe.net>

  Internet Area Director(s):
      Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>
      Margret Wasserman <Margaret.Wasserman@nokia.com>

  Internet Area Advisor:
      Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>

  Mailing Lists:
      General Discussion: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
      To Subscribe:       namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org
      Archive:            <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>

Description of Working Group:

 DNS was originally specified in RFC's 1034 and 1035, with subsequent
 updates.  Within the scope of this WG are DNS protocol issues,
 including the specification of message formats, message handling, and
 data formats used for DNS client-server and server-server
 communication.

 This WG is focused on advancing the zone transfer, update, notify
 and DNSSECbis documents to Draft standard.

 The WG works on solutions for DNSSEC deployment issues that may
 require protocol modifications. Two of these issues are identified
 and are worked on under the umbrella of this WG. 1] (a) method(s) to
 prevent the possibility of trivial zone enumeration and 2] a method
 for automated rollover of trust-anchors configured in validating
 resolvers.

 Issues surrounding the operation of DNS, recommendations concerning
 the configuration of DNS servers, and other issues with the use of
 the protocol are out of scope for this Working Group.  These issues
 are considered in other venues, such as the DNS Operations Working
 Group.

 The DNSEXT Working Group sometimes uses an additional mailing list
 for discussion of DNS Security related issues. This list is open to
 all

   Discussion: dnssec@cafax.se
   To Subscribe: dnssec-request@cafax.se
   Archive:  http://www.cafax.se/dnssec/ and
            ftp://ftp.cafax.se/pub/archives/dnssec.list

 The 2535bis document set was edited by a team. This team was
 chartered with making editorial changes only, with all substantiative
 changes discussed on the WG list. The archive of this editors-only
 mailing list is available at:
   
   http://www.east.isi.edu/projects/DNSSEC

Specific work items are:

       o Advance the DNSSECbis document set through the standards
         process.

       o Clarification of RFC1034/1035 relating to DNSEXT ongoing work.
         + Clarification of wildcard processing rules.

       o After the work items above have been completed the working
         group will continue on reviewing the following existing
         proposed standard and examine if there is a possibility to
         progress them on the standards track.

         + RFC1995 (IXFR)  to Draft standard.
         + RFC1996 (Notify) to Draft standard.
         + RFC2136bis (Dynamic Update) to Draft Standard.
         + RFC2181 (Clarify) to IESG for advancement to Draft Standard.
         + RFC2308 (Neg Caching) to Draft Standard.
         + RFC2671 (EDNS0) to Draft Standard.
         + RFC2672 (DNAME) to Draft Standard, or revision.
         + RFC2845 (TSIG)to Draft standard.
         + RFC2930 (TKEY) to Draft standard.
         + RFC3007 (Secure Update) to Draft standard.
         + RFC3645 GSS/TSIG to Draft Standard         
         + RFC3??? AXFR clarify to Draft Standard.

       o Identify (a) method(s) to prevent the possibility of trivial
         zone enumeration.

       o Define a method for automated rollover of trust-anchors
         configured in validating resolvers.

       o Foster the development of Link Local Multicast Name
         Resolution (LLMNR) standard. The WG has taken up this work
         since LLMNR it is very similar to the DNS protocol.  LLMNR is
         targeted as proposed standard.

 The lifetime of the group is set by the work items above but while
 these are ongoing the working group has additional tasks:

       o Reviewing and providing recommendations about the specification,
         by other working groups, of RR types that do not require any
         special processing and that do not require any special naming
         conventions.

Goals and Milestones:

Done            Forward RFC2535-bis to IESG for proposed standard
Done            Forward Case Insensitive to IESG for Proposed Standard
Done            Forward LLMNR to IESG for Proposed Standard
Feb 05          Submit KEY algorithm documents RFC253[69]bis and RFC3110 to IESG for 
		proposed standard
Feb 05          Update boilerplate text on OPT-IN
Mar 05          Forward Wildcard clarification to IESG for proposed standard
Mar 05          Finalize Zone Enumeration Requirements
Apr 05          Start of process of reviewing the following RFCs 
                and to move them to Draft Standard status
May 05          Submit to IESG RFC2845 (TSIG)to Draft standard
Jun 05          RFC2672 (DNAME) to Draft Standard or revision
Jun 05          RFC2671 (EDNS0) to Draft Standard 
Jul 05          RFC1995 (IXFR) to Draft standard
Jul 05          RFC1996 (Notify) to Draft Standard
Jul 05          RFC2136 (Dynamic Update) to Draft Standard
Jul 05          RFC3007 (Secure Update) to Draft Standard
Sep 05          RFC2308 (Neg Caching) to Draft Standard
Sep 05          RFC2930 (TKEY) to Draft standard
Sep 05          RFC2181 (Clarify) to Draft Standard
Nov 05          RFC2782 (SRV RR) to Draft Standard
Nov 05          RFC1982 (Serial Number Arithmetic)
Nov 05          RFC2538 (CERT RR) to Draft Standard
Nov 05          FRC2539 (DH Key RR) to Draft Standard
Nov 05          RFC3226 (Message Size) to Draft Standard 


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 16:19:15 2005
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Richard Johnson <raj@cisco.com>
Subject: Simple question re. DNS label compression
Date: Wed, 9 Feb 2005 13:16:55 -0800
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Simple question:  Can a DNS domain name, which is using label 
compression, have multiple levels of indirect pointers?  For example:

+---------------------------+
|  1   | "a"  |  4   | "t"  |
+---------------------------+
| "e"  | "s"  | "t"  |   3  |
+---------------------------+
| "c"  | "o"  | "m"  |   0  |
+---------------------------+
|  1   | "b"  | 0xc0 | 0x7  |
+---------------------------+
| "c"  | 0xc0 | 0xc  |   0  |
+---------------------------+

So, assuming I have coded this correctly:

1) the first label here is "a.test.com" in the the simple fashion.
2) the second label after it would be "b.com" following the "0xc007" 
indirect pointer
3) the third label after it would be "c.b.com" following first the 
"0xc00c" indirect pointer and then the "0xc007" indirect pointer.

Thanks for your time!

/raj

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 17:15:34 2005
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From: Richard Johnson <raj@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: Simple question re. DNS label compression
Date: Wed, 9 Feb 2005 14:12:07 -0800
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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I have a response already.  Apparently the answer is "yes".

Thanks everyone.

/raj


On Feb 9, 2005, at 1:16 PM, Richard Johnson wrote:

> Simple question:  Can a DNS domain name, which is using label 
> compression, have multiple levels of indirect pointers?  For example:
>
> +---------------------------+
> |  1   | "a"  |  4   | "t"  |
> +---------------------------+
> | "e"  | "s"  | "t"  |   3  |
> +---------------------------+
> | "c"  | "o"  | "m"  |   0  |
> +---------------------------+
> |  1   | "b"  | 0xc0 | 0x7  |
> +---------------------------+
> | "c"  | 0xc0 | 0xc  |   0  |
> +---------------------------+
>
> So, assuming I have coded this correctly:
>
> 1) the first label here is "a.test.com" in the the simple fashion.
> 2) the second label after it would be "b.com" following the "0xc007" 
> indirect pointer
> 3) the third label after it would be "c.b.com" following first the 
> "0xc00c" indirect pointer and then the "0xc007" indirect pointer.
>
> Thanks for your time!
>
> /raj
>

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 17:15:54 2005
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To: Richard Johnson <raj@cisco.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Simple question re. DNS label compression 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 09 Feb 2005 13:16:55 PST."
             <fd8d4c9a0287196675e979748c753019@cisco.com> 
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> Simple question:  Can a DNS domain name, which is using label 
> compression, have multiple levels of indirect pointers?  For example:

this is correct per RFC 1035, 4.1.4. "Message compression":

	The compression scheme allows a domain name in a message to be
	represented as either:

	   - a sequence of labels ending in a zero octet

	   - a pointer

	   - a sequence of labels ending with a pointer

It can also be seen "in the wild":

> host -Y -t ns de.

de                  	NS	f.nic.de
;; 	01 66 03 6E 69 63 C0 0C                         ; .f.nic..        
de                  	NS	l.de.net
;; 	01 6C 02 64 65 03 6E 65 74 00                   ; .l.de.net.      
de                  	NS	s.de.net
;; 	01 73 C0 36                                     ; .s.6            
de                  	NS	z.nic.de
;; 	01 7A C0 22                                     ; .z."            
de                  	NS	a.nic.de
;; 	01 61 C0 22                                     ; .a."            
de                  	NS	c.de.net
;; 	01 63 C0 36                                     ; .c.6            

The first NS RR points back into the query section (C0 0C), the fourth points
back into the first (the "nic.de" part of "f.nic.de"), which then again
leads into the query section.

Please bear in mind that per RFC 3597 label compression cannot be applied
to domain names in the RDATA section of new RR types.

-Peter

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 20:18:08 2005
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
cc: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: NS, *, and DNSSEC 
In-Reply-To: <a06200702be2fc4f021a8@[192.168.1.103]> 
References: <a06200702be2fc4f021a8@[192.168.1.103]>  <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502091137330.1811@trinitario.schlyter.se> <a06200708be2d95f45b6c@[10.31.32.120]> <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502080914130.29686@trinitario.schlyter.se> <a06200700be2e6b658c96@[192.168.1.103]> <Pine.BSO.4.56.0502081547100.28971@trinitario.schlyter.se> <a06200702be2e93854874@[10.31.32.120]> <29904.1107953847@munnari.OZ.AU> 
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    Date:        Wed, 9 Feb 2005 08:53:09 -0500
    From:        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
    Message-ID:  <a06200702be2fc4f021a8@[192.168.1.103]>

  | I don't think that is right - they'd get a referral to *.example.  We 
  | don't "expand" the wildcard in 3b.

Difference in terminology, I meant they'd get an NS record with bogon.example
in the RDATA (difference between "referral to" and "referral for")

I don't think we have a different opinion on what actually happens.

  | PS -> (strcmp(label,"*") == 0) || (strcmp(label,"\*") == 0)
  |        || (strcmp(label,"\042") == 0)
  | 
  | You can't escape the asterisk...;)

I expect this is humour, but it flew right past me ... For C, "\*"
is identical to "*", so you most probably meant "\\*" in that second
strcmp, but all those would be incorrect.

When loading the zone file, any escape processing would (should) have
been done when it was loaded, leaving just the desired name in the zone.
So * \* and \042 all result in a "*" label in the zone data.   You don't
want to be repeating all of that for every query (quite apart from the
possibility to make a mess of it - "\*" added to a zone via dunamic update
is a 2 character label, \* in a master file is one...)

If the "label" in your strcmp was from the QNAME, then a query for
"\*" (not a C string, just 2 characters) would certainly only reference
'*' RRs when that '*' is in its wildcard role.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb  9 22:47:29 2005
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        Peter Koch <pk@TechFak.Uni-Bielefeld.DE>
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At 05:36 AM 2/9/2005, Alex Bligh wrote:


>--On 08 February 2005 21:50 -0500 Danny Mayer <mayer@gis.net> wrote:
>
>>Does that clarify things?
>
>Not really as going back to the previous question, that leaves domain
>names having case "in them", but being compared case insensitively for
>DNS applications, but (unless it's elsewhere) no such prescription on
>the host part of URI's. I think all you've shown is that DJB's
>"typing things into browser bar"'s example is insufficient to prove
>his point, as the escape sequence itself may have been (correctly)
>passed in the wire-format URI rather than the capital letter he (I think)
>intended.

I agree, but then you didn't need my reference for this observation as it
has nothing to do with DNS, just with browsers and perhaps http servers.

Danny

>Alex


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 10 04:48:46 2005
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Date: Thu, 10 Feb 2005 10:44:33 +0100
From: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Fw: Internet-Drafts Database Interface
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Dear Colleagues, 

FYI: The ID Database interface is a new tool.

The relevant URL for this group is:
  https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/idindex.cgi?command=show_wg_id&id=1479



--Olaf


---------------------- Begin forwarded message ----------------------


Date: Wed, 09 Feb 2005 17:47:05 -0500
From: IETF Secretariat <ietf-secretariat-reply@ietf.org>
To: IETF Announcement list <ietf-announce@ietf.org>
Cc: wgchairs@ietf.org
Subject: Internet-Drafts Database Interface 


The IESG Secretariat is pleased to announce the deployment of the
"Internet-Drafts Database Interface"
(https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/idindex.cgi).  This new Web tool, which may
be accessed from the "Internet-Drafts" page (http://www.ietf.org/ID.html) of the
IETF Web site, allows users to display Internet-Drafts by category, or to search
for Internet-Drafts based on one or more search parameters.  Specifically, users
may:

- List Internet-Drafts by I-D status (i.e., "All," "Active," "Published," or
"Expired/Withdrawn/Replaced," sorted either by submission date or filename.
- View Internet-Drafts that are products of an IETF working group, an
independent submitter, or another IETF or IETF-related entity.
- Identify Internet-Drafts that satisfy selected criteria.

For each Internet-Draft of interest, the tool provides the following
information, as applicable:

- Title
- I-D Status
- Intended Status at Publication
- RFC Number
- I-D Tracker State
- Abstract

The tool also provides links to the following materials:

- The document (i.e., the Internet-Draft or tombstone)
- Related documents (e.g., documents that replaced or were replaced by the
subject Internet-Draft, and the derivatives and precursors of these documents)
- The RFC (if the Internet-Draft has been published)
- The I-D Tracker "Detail Info" page (if the Internet-Draft has been added to
the I-D Tracker)
- A pre-addressed e-mail note for contacting an author

If you require assistance in using this new Web tool, or wish to report a bug,
then please send a message to ietf-action@ietf.org.

The IETF Secretariat


---------------------- End forwarded message ------------------------

-- 

---------------------------------| Olaf M. Kolkman
---------------------------------| RIPE NCC
---------------------------------| JID: olaf at jabber.secret-wg.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 10 11:26:19 2005
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Date: Thu, 10 Feb 2005 11:20:25 -0500
To: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Fw: Internet-Drafts Database Interface
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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I would like to see this one published as informational/historic if 
anyone still has it.

https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/idindex.cgi?command=id_detail&id=6905

It is a significant datapoint on the path from 2065 to 2535 to dnssec-bis.

At 10:44 +0100 2/10/05, Olaf M. Kolkman wrote:
>Dear Colleagues,
>
>FYI: The ID Database interface is a new tool.
>
>The relevant URL for this group is:
>   https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/idindex.cgi?command=show_wg_id&id=1479
>
>
>
>--Olaf
>
>
>---------------------- Begin forwarded message ----------------------
>
>
>Date: Wed, 09 Feb 2005 17:47:05 -0500
>From: IETF Secretariat <ietf-secretariat-reply@ietf.org>
>To: IETF Announcement list <ietf-announce@ietf.org>
>Cc: wgchairs@ietf.org
>Subject: Internet-Drafts Database Interface
>
>
>The IESG Secretariat is pleased to announce the deployment of the
>"Internet-Drafts Database Interface"
>(https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/idindex.cgi).  This new Web 
>tool, which may
>be accessed from the "Internet-Drafts" page 
>(http://www.ietf.org/ID.html) of the
>IETF Web site, allows users to display Internet-Drafts by category, 
>or to search
>for Internet-Drafts based on one or more search parameters. 
>Specifically, users
>may:
>
>- List Internet-Drafts by I-D status (i.e., "All," "Active," "Published," or
>"Expired/Withdrawn/Replaced," sorted either by submission date or filename.
>- View Internet-Drafts that are products of an IETF working group, an
>independent submitter, or another IETF or IETF-related entity.
>- Identify Internet-Drafts that satisfy selected criteria.
>
>For each Internet-Draft of interest, the tool provides the following
>information, as applicable:
>
>- Title
>- I-D Status
>- Intended Status at Publication
>- RFC Number
>- I-D Tracker State
>- Abstract
>
>The tool also provides links to the following materials:
>
>- The document (i.e., the Internet-Draft or tombstone)
>- Related documents (e.g., documents that replaced or were replaced by the
>subject Internet-Draft, and the derivatives and precursors of these documents)
>- The RFC (if the Internet-Draft has been published)
>- The I-D Tracker "Detail Info" page (if the Internet-Draft has been added to
>the I-D Tracker)
>- A pre-addressed e-mail note for contacting an author
>
>If you require assistance in using this new Web tool, or wish to report a bug,
>then please send a message to ietf-action@ietf.org.
>
>The IETF Secretariat
>
>
>---------------------- End forwarded message ------------------------
>
>--
>
>---------------------------------| Olaf M. Kolkman
>---------------------------------| RIPE NCC
>---------------------------------| JID: olaf at jabber.secret-wg.org
>
>--
>to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
>the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
>archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 10 14:42:21 2005
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Date: Thu, 10 Feb 2005 11:07:42 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: A different proposed sol'n to * NS
Cc: ed.lewis@neustar.biz
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 [ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by 
   a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.  
   With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore 
   delete relevant posts by non-subscribers. Please fix your 
   subscription addresses. ]

Putting up an alternative solution to the one I proposed a day or so 
ago, this time taking the tack that we cancel synthesis if the source 
of synthesis owns an NS RRSet.

The upside of this approach is that it needs to change one section of 
text.  The downside is that it is changing more text in RFC 1034.

Here's the RFC 1034 text (omitting a page break) with the CNAME 
"chasing text" in there.

#         c. If at some label, a match is impossible (i.e., the
#            corresponding label does not exist), look to see if a
#            the "*" label exists.
#
#            If the "*" label does not exist, check whether the name
#            we are looking for is the original QNAME in the query
#            or a name we have followed due to a CNAME.  If the name
#            is original, set an authoritative name error in the
#            response and exit.  Otherwise just exit.
#
#            If the "*" label does exist, match RRs at that node
#            against QTYPE.  If any match, copy them into the answer
#            section, but set the owner of the RR to be QNAME, and
#            not the node with the "*" label.  Go to step 6.
|
|            If the data at the source of synthesis is a CNAME, and
|            QTYPE doesn't match CNAME, copy the CNAME RR into the
|            answer section of the response changing the owner name
|            to the QNAME, change QNAME to the canonical name in the
|            CNAME RR, and go back to step 1.

So, the new fix would be add this:

              If the source of synthesis is a also a delegation point,
              i.e., it owns an NS RRset, do not match any RRsets.

(Note that the order of instructions is not the way one should write code.)

What this does is cancel concerns about wildcard NS and wildcard DS.  (Yipee.)

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

"A noble spirit embiggens the smallest man." - Jebediah Springfield


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb 11 00:10:01 2005
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
cc: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Fw: Internet-Drafts Database Interface 
In-Reply-To: <a06200707be3139e56cd5@[10.31.32.120]> 
References: <a06200707be3139e56cd5@[10.31.32.120]>  <20050210104433.72c170b2.olaf@ripe.net> 
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    Date:        Thu, 10 Feb 2005 11:20:25 -0500
    From:        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
    Message-ID:  <a06200707be3139e56cd5@[10.31.32.120]>

  | I would like to see this one published as informational/historic if 
  | anyone still has it.
  | 
  | https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/idindex.cgi?command=id_detail&id=6905
  | 
  | It is a significant datapoint on the path from 2065 to 2535 to dnssec-bis.

ftp://munnari.oz.au/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-parent-sig-00.txt.Z

That's the -00 version of course, the -01 file on munnari is just the
"this draft has been deleted" notice.   I don't recall if the change to
putting that notice in a higher version that the last ever submitted had
happened by Apr 2002 or not, so I don't know if there once was a -01 version
that got trampled by the "expired" notice.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb 11 05:08:10 2005
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>          + RFC3??? AXFR clarify to Draft Standard.

I thought AXFR clarify died a horrible and tragic death after a short and
ill-fated attempt to impose unnecessary changes made by Bind on the rest
of the DNS implmentations.

Why is this still on the list?

Possibly AXFR does need to be clarified. I think it was agreed that the
current spec was vague, but Bind groups' proposed solution was universally
rejected (by everyone except those associated with Bind, of course)

I may be willing to write a clarification for AXFR that corrects the
ambiguity in the fashion accepted by all of the non-Bind server
implementations.

		--Dean

-- 
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Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, ogud@ogud.com,
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Subject: Re: WG Action: RECHARTER: DNS Extensions (dnsext)
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> I thought AXFR clarify died a horrible and tragic death after a short and
> ill-fated attempt to impose unnecessary changes made by Bind on the rest
> of the DNS implmentations.
> 
> Why is this still on the list?
> 


See the status of this ID in the ID-tracker:
  https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/pidtracker.cgi?command=view_id&dTag=5123&rfc_flag=0

To paraphrase: The AD has a number of comments and the working group will need to pick 
this ID up again. 

To be continued.

-- Olaf

---------------------------------| Olaf M. Kolkman
---------------------------------| RIPE NCC

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Clarifying the Role of Wild Card Domains in the Domain Name System
	Author(s)	: E. Lewis
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-05.txt
	Pages		: 18
	Date		: 2005-2-11
	
This is an update to the wildcard definition of RFC 1034.  The
    interaction with wildcards and CNAME is changed, an error
    condition removed, and the words defining some concepts central to
    wildcards are changed.  The overall goal is not to change wildcards,
    but to refine the definition of RFC 1034.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-05.txt

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb 11 15:38:44 2005
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On Fri, 11 Feb 2005, Olaf M. Kolkman wrote:

> See the status of this ID in the ID-tracker:
>   https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/pidtracker.cgi?command=view_id&dTag=5123&rfc_flag=0

BTW, this is database thing is great. Kudos to the people who made the
database app happen. I'm surprised at the amount of information in it 
already. The 'clarify work is tracked back to 2002.

		--Dean


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb 11 15:47:55 2005
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Note that the title has been changed in the document to:

     The Role of Wildcard Domains in the Domain Name System

Hmmm, I should have dropped the (first) " Domain" in there too. 
That's the first edit for version -06.

The reason for the change is that the document is not just a 
clarification, but has minor edits.  Changing the title was suggested 
by the chairs.

(The draft file name won't change though, that would get confusing.)

The abstract in the announcement is right - that was changed when the 
title removed clarification from it.

At 15:21 -0500 2/11/05, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
>directories.
>This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.
>
>	Title		: Clarifying the Role of Wild Card Domains in 
>the Domain Name System
>	Author(s)	: E. Lewis
>	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-05.txt
>	Pages		: 18
>	Date		: 2005-2-11
>
>This is an update to the wildcard definition of RFC 1034.  The
>     interaction with wildcards and CNAME is changed, an error
>     condition removed, and the words defining some concepts central to
>     wildcards are changed.  The overall goal is not to change wildcards,
>     but to refine the definition of RFC 1034.
>
>A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-05.txt
>
>To remove yourself from the I-D Announcement list, send a message to
>i-d-announce-request@ietf.org with the word unsubscribe in the body 
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>to change your subscription settings.
>
>
>Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the username
>"anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
>type "cd internet-drafts" and then
>	"get draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-05.txt".
>
>A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
>http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
>or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
>
>
>Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
>
>Send a message to:
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<HTML>
<HEAD>
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<META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="Microsoft Word 97">
<TITLE>Destaque Internacional - Informes de Conjuntura - Ano VII - Nos</TITLE>
<META NAME="Template" CONTENT="C:\Arquivos de programas\Microsoft Office\Office\html.dot">
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<BODY LINK="#0000ff" VLINK="#800080">

<P ALIGN="CENTER"><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=FSM:InformeCompletoGratuitoEnCastellano">FSM:InformeCompletoGratuitoEnCastellano</A> <!-- Please, follow the links:
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<B><FONT SIZE=2><P>Destaque Internacional - Informes de Conjuntura</B> <B>- Ano VII - Nos. 161-162 - Buenos Aires / Madri - Fevereiro, 2005 - Respons&aacute;vel: Javier Gonz&aacute;lez.-</P>
</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><P>5<SUP> o</SUP>. F&oacute;rum Social Mundial: "diversidade", "revolu&ccedil;&atilde;o intersticial" e sonho an&aacute;rquico</P>
</FONT><I><P ALIGN="CENTER">* Uma radiografia atualizada do chamado "movimento de movimentos" alter-globalista, suas metas, sua fun&ccedil;&atilde;o dinamizadora, suas discuss&otilde;es estrat&eacute;gicas e de bastidores, seu poder real e seus calcanhares de Aquiles</P>
<P ALIGN="CENTER">*Um informe exclusivo, com entrevistas a Jos&eacute; Saramago, Frei Betto, Leonardo Boff, Ignacio Ramonet, presidente Ch&aacute;vez, Alina Guevara, John Holloway, Michael Hardt, Tariq Ali, Atilio Bor&oacute;n, Jo&atilde;o Pedro St&eacute;dile, Ricardo Alarc&oacute;n e outros participantes do FSM</P>
</B></I><P><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=FSM:InformeCompletoGratuitoEmPortugues">FSM:InformeCompletoGratuitoEmPortugues</A></P>
<B><P>Introdu&ccedil;&atilde;o</P>
</B><P>* "O maior lobby da Terra" * O 5<SUP>o</SUP>. FSM em cifras</P>
<B><P>1. Frei Betto, Gramsci e Lenine: "press&atilde;o popular" para "conquistar" o poder</P>
</B><P>* Os recados de Frei Betto * Gramsci: Parcelas gradativas do poder * Lenine: "Doen&ccedil;a infantil do comunismo" * "Pol&iacute;tica, m&iacute;stica e religi&atilde;o": a "companheira Aparecida" * "A dial&eacute;tica &eacute; que tem raz&atilde;o" * Filha do "Che" Guevara: "m&eacute;todos velhos" e "erros" a serem evitados</P>
<B><P>2. ¿Transformar o mundo sem tomar o poder, ou tomar o poder para transformar o mundo?</P>
</B><P>* Holloway e a "revolu&ccedil;&atilde;o intersticial" * Tariq Ali: tomar o poder para transformar o mundo * Atilio Bor&oacute;n: atualidade de Lenine * "Certeza fundamental da superioridade do comunismo" * St&eacute;dile: "nossa querida Rosa Luxemburgo" * Rosa Luxemburgo e dilemas atuais<B> </P>
<P>3. Ch&aacute;vez: ¿"novo libertador", sucessor de Fidel Castro?</P>
</B><P>* Presidente venezuelano incendeia o FSM * Acordo com Cuba comunista e eixo latino-americano das esquerdas * Ch&aacute;vez explica a estrat&eacute;gia gradualista e defende Lula</P>
<B><P>4. Foro de S&atilde;o Paulo, Cuba e Lula</P>
</B><P>* Geno&iacute;no, Regalado etc. * Guarda-chuvas pol&iacute;tico * Perfil discreto, para n&atilde;o prejudicar Lula * "Centralismo, modelo ultrapassado" * Direitos humanos, Cuba e "Che" Guevara</P>
<B><P>5. "Teologia da liberta&ccedil;&atilde;o", indigenismo e "sociedade futura"</P>
</B><P>* Pe. Torres: ind&iacute;genas, "reserva espiritual" * Ind&iacute;genas: "N&oacute;s somos o outro mundo" * Amaz&ocirc;nia continental: alvo estrat&eacute;gico * Marilene: "distin&ccedil;&atilde;o entre Estado e Na&ccedil;&atilde;o" * Campos: "plurinacionalidade e multietnicidade" </P>
<B><P>6. Desconstru&ccedil;&atilde;o de teorias, utopias e teologias...</P>
</B><P>* Utopistas versus anti-utopistas * Saramago: n&atilde;o-utopia * Ramonet: anti-utopia * Gadotti: "a &eacute;poca das certezas passou" * Siddhartha Shivamurthy * Teologia da liberta&ccedil;&atilde;o e desconstru&ccedil;&atilde;o * Revolu&ccedil;&atilde;o sexual * D. Casald&aacute;liga: "mudar a religi&atilde;o" * Pe. Barros: "Superar a convic&ccedil;&atilde;o de que o cristianismo &eacute; a &uacute;nica religi&atilde;o verdadeira" * Inflex&atilde;o no alter-mundialismo: rumo &agrave; anarquia pol&iacute;tica e religiosa? * O caminho rumo a um estado de coisas "tribal" * Estruturalismo e vida tribal</P>
<B><P>7. "Territ&oacute;rio Social Mundial" e Acampamento da Juventude, laborat&oacute;rios de um "outro mundo" autogestion&aacute;rio e an&aacute;rquico </P>
</B><P>* Acampamento Intercontinental * "Reinven&ccedil;&atilde;o da vida em sociedade" * "Horizontalidade" e "autogest&atilde;o" * "Centros de A&ccedil;&atilde;o" * "Ax&ocirc;nios"</P>
<P>&#9;</P>
<B><P>8. FSM, "matan&ccedil;a dos inocentes" e "diversidade" intolerante</P>
</B><P>* Aborto: flagrante contradi&ccedil;&atilde;o * "Ajudar as cat&oacute;licas a serem a favor do aborto" * Ministras de Lula * "Diversidade" intolerante</P>
<B><P>9. Esquerdas reconhecem calcanhares de Aquiles</P>
</B><P>* FSM: For&ccedil;a e fraqueza * Altmann: "Mas ter&aacute; valido a pena?" * "Frustra&ccedil;&atilde;o" e "adiamento": incapacidade de convencer * Pe. Torres: "Vamos tardar 30 anos em ter nova alternativa" * Frei Betto, Aleida Guevara, Bor&oacute;n * Leonardo Boff: estrela do PT rejeitada "com desd&eacute;m" * Weissheimer: "auto-engano" de dirigentes do PT</P>
<B><P>Conclus&atilde;o: ver, julgar, atuar</P>
</B><P>* Um "outro mundo" que j&aacute; est&aacute; nascendo * "Diversidade": rumo a novas formas de totalitarismo? * Mapa de vulnerabilidades</P>
<B><P>LINKS GRATUITOS</P>
</B><P><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=FSM:InformeCompletoGratuitoEmPortugues">FSM:InformeCompletoGratuitoEmPortugues</A></P>
<P><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=FSM:InformeCompletoGratuitoEnCastellano">FSM:InformeCompletoGratuitoEnCastellano</A></P>
<P><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=InformesCompletosGratuitosForunsAnterioresEmPortugues">InformesCompletosGratuitosForunsAnterioresEmPortugues</A></P>
<P><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=InformesCompletosGratuitosForumsAnterioresEnCastellano">InformesCompletosGratuitosForumsAnterioresEnCastellano</A></P>
<P><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=FSM:MinhaOpiniao">FSM:MinhaOpiniao</A></P>
<P><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=FSM:MiOpinion">FSM:MiOpinion</A></P>
<P><A HREF="mailto:atualidadebrasileira2004@yahoo.com.br?subject=FSM:Remover">Remover</A></P>
</BODY>
</HTML>




From Ferrellhlx@trebnet.com  Tue Feb 15 03:01:21 2005
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 15 13:49:47 2005
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Date: Tue, 15 Feb 2005 13:21:03 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?=D3lafur?= Gudmundsson/DNSEXT co-chair <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: Key-rollover IPR disclosure
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Dear Colleagues,

An IPR[*] disclosure has been made. It relates to two drafts in our
working group:
	draft-ietf-dnsext-trustupdate-timers
  	draft-ietf-dnsext-trustupdate-threshold

The  disclosure has been made by "Diversinet.com" and can be found
in the IETF IPR disclosure database:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/ipr_detail_show.cgi?&ipr_id=530
and
https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/ipr_detail_show.cgi?&ipr_id=531

Copies of the patent application can be found on
http://stora.ogud.com/DNSSEC/key-rollover/key-rollover-patent-Application.pdf
a copy of the patent certificate can be found in
http://stora.ogud.com/DNSSEC/key-rollover/key-rollover-patent-certificate.pdf

The licensing terms of this patent are not known yet. The chairs
will inquire about licensing terms in neutral terms and report to the group.

We want to issue is a "rat hole" alert:
Working groups tend to discuss the validity of patent claims, the
licensing terms and such at great lengths. In the end patent issues
are not technical but legal issues. It is up to the implementors of
technology under IPR to deal with these issues, not the working group.
If the IPR prohibits implementation than the WG would like to know,
from implementors. As rough consensus without running code does not make sense.

Or to paraphrase the above: we all have an opinion on IPR, this
is not the list to rehash those.

--Olaf and Olafur
   DNSEXT WG Chairs

We'll try to maintain documentation on our (experimental) DNSEXT twiki: 
http://dnsext.secret-wg.org

[*] IPR == Intellectual PRoperty i.e. patent 


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 15 20:55:02 2005
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From: "D. J. Bernstein" <djb@cr.yp.to>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: I have a feeling that the rules for setting TC need tweaking
References: <4207C240.7030702@ehsco.com> <200502072312.j17NCRGb062820@drugs.dv.isc.org>
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The situation seems quite straightforward to me. Fundamental rules:

   (1) If the server's response doesn't fit into UDP, it has to be sent
       through TCP. (The server sets the TC bit; the client makes a TCP
       connection.)

   (2) If the server's response is a normal answer (or a CNAME), it must
       include the answer records (or the CNAME record).

   (3) If the server's response is a referral (in bailiwick), it must
       include the relevant IP addresses. See RFC 1034 section 4.2.1.
       Of course, by rule #1, this referral---with the IP addresses---
       must be sent through TCP if it doesn't fit into UDP.

The server might add other records (and often can improve performance by
doing so), but those other records are optional.

These fundamental rules are separate from the rules for assigning
records to sections. In particular, it's not true that records in the
answer section are the only required records; RFC 1123 section 6.1.3.2
third sentence is both inadequate and misleading.

Here's what my software does:

   * Client: If a packet shows up with the TC bit, I throw it away and
     retry through TCP.

   * Server: If I have a packet over 512 bytes to be sent through UDP, I
     try throwing away the additional section _if the packet is not a
     referral_; if it's still over 512 bytes, I try throwing away the
     authority section _if the packet is not a referral_; it it's still
     over 512 bytes, I throw away _all_ records and set the TC bit.

Each of these strategies has a perfect interoperability record.

---D. J. Bernstein, Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics,
Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 15 20:55:25 2005
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A note to AXFR implementors worried about interoperability: Check out
http://cr.yp.to/djbdns/axfr-notes.html for a description of exactly how
the AXFR protocol works.

---D. J. Bernstein, Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics,
Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago

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From hgrkgpqwi@eyah.com.au  Wed Feb 16 02:54:43 2005
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Minnesota, which can clinch a wild-card 
playoff spot with a loss by either Carolina or St. Louis this weekend, appeared on 
its way to retaking the lead. But a holding penalty on Birk -- the Vikings were 
flagged nine times for 78 yards -- wiped out a 16-yard run by Michael Bennett that 
would have given them the ball at the Green Bay 40 just before the 2-minute warning.

--Java.LRTJO.35848467570725034980
Content-Type: text/html;
        charset="us-ascii"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-1=
">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.2523" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><A href=3D"http://fujitsu.free-kazaa-spyw=
are.info"><IMG alt=3D"" 
hspace=3D0 src=3D"cid:017156c4d3c0$2180fea0$176aa5c0@GDUSQ" align=3Dbaseli=
ne 
border=3D0></A></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><A href=3D"http://aghast.free-kazaa-spyware.info/discon">En0ugh</A></=
DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Minnesota, which can clin=
ch a wild-card 
playoff spot with a loss by either Carolina or St. Louis this weekend, app=
eared on 
its way to retaking the lead. But a holding penalty on Birk -- the Vikings=
 were 
flagged nine times for 78 yards -- wiped out a 16-yard run by Michael Benn=
ett that 
would have given them the ball at the Green Bay 40 just before the 2-minut=
e warning.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>The Vikings (8-7), though=
, couldn't 
get what they needed from a pass defense that has struggled all season.</F=
ONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Government spokesman Raan=
an Gissin 
said four soldiers were killed.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Six people were taken to =
hospital -- 
four badly hurt, one with moderate injuries and one lightly injured, milit=
ary 
sources said.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>The sources said another =
soldier 
remained beneath the rubble.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Gissin said rescue operat=
ions were 
continuing Sunday night.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>The attack "indicates tha=
t unless 
there is decisive and sustained effort taken to dismantle the terrorist 
organization, it will be impossible to move towards normalizations and tow=
ards 
political negotiations," Gissin told a news crew. "And I think the 
responsibility on that lies with the Palestinian Authority."</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Shortly after the first b=
last, a 
second explosion was heard in southern Gaza, but its precise location was =
not 
immediately known.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Hamas, in a phone call to=
 CNN, said 
it had set off the first explosion near Rafah in cooperation with a group =
called 
the Fatah Hawks.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>There was no immediate in=
formation 
available on that group, although it was believed to be linked to the Fata=
h 
movement formerly led by the late Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat.</FONT>=
</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Israeli military sources =
said it was 
a coordinated attack, with Palestinians firing mortar shells and guns at t=
he 
post when the explosives were detonated.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>It was not clear whether =
there were 
Palestinian casualties.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>News video of the afterma=
th showed 
soldiers using stretchers to transport troops who appeared to be severely =

wounded.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>In a pamphlet distributed=
 after the 
attack, Hamas said it had used 1.5 tons of explosives and had recorded vid=
eo of 
the incident.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Palestinians have used tu=
nnels in the 
area to smuggle weapons from Egypt. Israel has carried out operations to c=
rack 
down on the smuggling.<BR>Shell explosion in schoolyard</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>An Israeli tank shell exp=
loded in a 
Gaza schoolyard Sunday morning, wounding eight Palestinian schoolchildren,=
 
Palestinian medical and security sources said.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>The children between the =
ages of 6 
and 12 -- sustained moderate to light injuries, the sources said.</FONT></=
DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>The violence happened in =
Khan Yunis 
in central Gaza</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>Israeli military sources =
said that 
forces in the area identified what they thought was a number of mortar she=
lls 
being fired towards Israeli settlements nearby.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#eaeaea></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial color=3D#eaeaea size=3D2>In response, the forces f=
ired towards 
the positions with light weapons, but did not fire a tank shell, the milit=
ary 
sources said.</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>


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--Java.ORXXY.31459799320813909381--






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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Feb 19 02:15:03 2005
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In preparing the wcard draft, it was suggested that I present a 
"fixed" (as in grammatically fixed) version of 3c.  Good idea, 'cept 
I'm not sure how to do it.  (At my college if you could spell it's 
full name you passed the English requirement for graduation. ;) )

3c is:
#        c. If at some label, a match is impossible (i.e., the
#           corresponding label does not exist), look to see if a
#           the "*" label exists.

I want to indicate that the last "a" ("x"or the last "the") is to be 
stricken.  (If I had to add a word, I'd put it in []'s.)

Does anyone know the convention for "striking" a word to fix the grammar?
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Achieving total enlightenment has taught me that ignorance in bliss.

--
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From aelfwyn77oi@lozu.com  Sat Feb 19 12:20:56 2005
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Feb 19 20:54:38 2005
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Date: Sat, 19 Feb 2005 17:45:22 -0800 (PST)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Proposed Resolution to Issue 78: UNIQUEness Probing
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The text of Issue 78, raised by Thomas Narten during the AD review, is
available here:
http://www.drizzle.com/~aboba/DNSEXT/llmnrissues.html#Issue%2078

A version of the document incorporating the proposed resolution is
available here:
http://www.drizzle.com/~aboba/DNSEXT/draft-ietf-dnsext-mdns-38c.txt

The proposed resolution is as follows:

Change the first part of Section 2.1.1 to:

"2.1.1. LLMNR header format

LLMNR queries and responses utilize the DNS header format defined in
[RFC1035] with exceptions noted below:

                                1  1  1  1  1  1
  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  0  1  2  3  4  5
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|                     ID                        |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|QR|  Opcode   | Z|TC| U| C| Z| Z| Z|  RCODE    |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|                    QDCOUNT                    |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|                    ANCOUNT                    |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|                    NSCOUNT                    |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|                    ARCOUNT                    |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+

where:

ID A 16 bit identifier assigned by the program that generates any kind
of query. This identifier is copied from the query to the response
and can be used by the sender to match responses to outstanding
queries. The ID field in a query SHOULD be set to a pseudo-random
value. For advice on generation of pseudo-random values, please
consult [RFC1750].

QR A one bit field that specifies whether this message is an LLMNR
query (0), or an LLMNR response (1).

OPCODE
A four bit field that specifies the kind of query in this message.
This value is set by the originator of a query and copied into the
response. This specification defines the behavior of standard
queries and responses (opcode value of zero). Future
specifications may define the use of other opcodes with LLMNR.
LLMNR senders and responders MUST support standard queries (opcode
value of zero). LLMNR queries with unsupported OPCODE values MUST
be silently discarded by responders.

TC TrunCation - specifies that this message was truncated due to
length greater than that permitted on the transmission channel.
The TC bit MUST NOT be set in an LLMNR query and if set is ignored
by an LLMNR responder. If the TC bit is set in an LLMNR response,
then the sender SHOULD discard the response and resend the LLMNR
query over TCP using the unicast address of the responder as the
destination address. See [RFC2181] and Section 2.4 of this
specification for further discussion of the TC bit.

U UNIQUE - specifies that this message is a UNIQUEness query. The U
bit MUST NOT be set in an LLMNR response, and if set is ignored by
an LLMNR sender. If the U bit is set in an LLMNR query, this
indicates that the sender believes that it is authoritative for the
name. See Section 4.1 and 4.2 for discussion of name conflict
detection.

C Conflict - specifies that a sender has previously received multiple
LLMNR responses to this query. The C bit MUST NOT be set in an
LLMNR response, and if set is ignored by an LLMNR sender.
Responders do not respond to LLMNR queries with the 'C' bit set;
since no response is expected, LLMNR senders do not retransmit.

Z Reserved for future use. Implementations of this specification
MUST set these bits to zero in both queries and responses. If
these bits are set in a LLMNR query or response, implementations of
this specification MUST ignore them. Since reserved bits could
conceivably be used for different purposes than in DNS,
implementors are advised not to enable processing of these bits in
an LLMNR implementation starting from a DNS code base."

In Section 2.3, change:

"[c] Responders MUST respond to LLMNR queries for names and addresses
they are authoritative for. This applies to both forward and
reverse lookups."

To:

"[c] Responders MUST respond to LLMNR queries for names and addresses
they are authoritative for. This applies to both forward and reverse
lookups, with
the exception of queries with the 'C' bit set, which do not elicit a
response."

In Section 2.7, change:

"If an LLMNR query sent over UDP is not resolved within LLMNR_TIMEOUT,
then a sender SHOULD repeat the transmission of the query in order to
assure that it was received by a host capable of responding to it.
Retransmission of UDP queries SHOULD NOT be attempted more than 3
times. Where LLMNR queries are sent using TCP, retransmission is
handled by the transport layer."

To:

"If an LLMNR query sent over UDP is not resolved within LLMNR_TIMEOUT,
then a sender SHOULD repeat the transmission of the query in order to
assure that it was received by a host capable of responding to it.
Retransmission of UDP queries SHOULD NOT be
attempted more than 3 times. Where LLMNR queries are sent using
TCP, retransmission is handled by the transport layer.
Queries with the 'C' bit set MUST be sent over UDP and MUST NOT be
retransmitted."

In Section 2.9, change:

" In LLMNR, the additional section is only intended for use by EDNS0,
TSIG and SIG(0). As a result, senders MAY only include pseudo RR-
types in the additional section of a query; responders MUST ignore
the additional section of queries containing other RR types."

To:

"In LLMNR, the additional section is primarily intended for use by EDNS0,
TSIG and SIG(0). As a result, unless the 'C' bit is set,
senders MAY only include pseudo RR-types in the additional section
of a query; unless the 'C' bit is set, responders MUST ignore the
additional section of queries containing other RR types.

In queries where the 'C' bit is set, the sender SHOULD include
the conflicting RRs in the additional section. Since conflict
notifications are advisory, responders SHOULD log information
from the additional section, but otherwise MUST ignore the
additional section."

Change Section 4 and 4.1 to the following:

"4. Conflict resolution

The uniqueness of a resource record depends on the nature of the name
in the query and type of the query. For example it is expected that:

- multiple hosts may respond to a query for an SRV type record
- multiple hosts may respond to a query for an A or AAAA type
record for a cluster name (assigned to multiple hosts in
the cluster)
- only a single host may respond to a query for an A or AAAA
type record for a name.

By default, a responder SHOULD be configured to behave as though all
RRs are UNIQUE on each interface on which LLMNR is enabled.

When name conflicts are detected, they SHOULD be logged. To detect
duplicate use of a name, an administrator can use a name resolution
utility which employs LLMNR and lists both responses and responders.
This would allow an administrator to diagnose behavior and
potentially to intervene and reconfigure LLMNR responders who should
not be configured to respond to the same name.

4.1. Uniqueness Verification

Prior to including a UNIQUE resource record in a response, for each
UNIQUE resource record in a given interface's configuration, the host
MUST verify that there is no other host within the scope of LLMNR
query propagation that can return a resource record for the same
name, type and class on that interface.

Once a responder has verified the uniqueness of a UNIQUE resource
record, if it receives an LLMNR query for that resource record,
with the 'C' bit clear, it MUST respond.

Uniqueness verification is carried out when the host:

- starts up or is rebooted
- wakes from sleep (if the network interface was inactive
during sleep)
- is configured to respond to LLMNR queries on an interface
enabled for transmission and reception of IP traffic
- is configured to respond to LLMNR queries using additional
UNIQUE resource records
- verifies the acquisition of a new IP address and configuration
on an interface

To verify uniqueness, a responder MUST send an LLMNR query with the
'U' bit set for each UNIQUE resource record. If no response is
received, the sender retransmits the query, as specified in Section
2.7. If a response is received, the responder MUST NOT use the
UNIQUE resource record in response to LLMNR queries.

Periodically carrying out uniqueness verification in an attempt to
detect name conflicts is not necessary, wastes network bandwidth, and
may actually be detrimental. For example, if network links are
joined only briefly, and are separated again before any new
communication is initiated, temporary conflicts are benign and no
forced reconfiguration is required. Triggering a reconfiguration in
this case would not serve any useful purpose. LLMNR responders
SHOULD NOT periodically attempt uniqueness verification.

4.2. Conflict Detection and Defense

Hosts on disjoint network links may configure the same name for use
with LLMNR. If these separate network links are later joined or
bridged together, then there may be multiple hosts which are now on
the same link, trying to use the same name.

There are several mechanisms by which ongoing name conflicts may
be detected.

[a] Receipt of a query with the 'U' bit set. Whenever an LLMNR
responder receives an LLMNR query for a UNIQUE resource record
with the 'U' bit set, if the source IP address does not match
an IP address configured on that interface, this indicates a
conflict.

[b] Conflict notification queries. When an LLMNR sender
receives multiple LLMNR responses to a query, it MUST send another
query for the same resource record, this time with the 'C' bit set,
with the answers received included in the Additional section.

Queries with the 'C' bit set are considered advisory and responders
MUST verify the existence of a conflict by other means before acting
on it. A responder receiving a query with the 'C' bit set MUST NOT
respond.
If the resource record is not UNIQUE, then the responder MUST ignore
the query. If the resource record is UNIQUE, then the responder
MUST send its own query for the same resource record, with the
'U' bit set. If a response is received, or if a query with the
'U' bit set is received, then a conflict has been detected.

An LLMNR responder MUST NOT ignore conflicts once detected. An
LLMNR responder MUST respond to a conflict as
described in either [1] or [2] below:

[1] Upon detecting a conflict, an LLMNR responder MAY elect to
immediately stop using the conflicting UNIQUE resource record in
response to LLMNR queries.

The responder MAY also elect to configure a new name. However,
since name reconfiguration may be disruptive, this is not required,
and a responder may have been configured to respond to multiple
names so that alternative names may already be available.

[2] If a responder currently has reasons to prefer using the name, and
it has not seen any other conflicting LLMNR queries within the last
DEFEND_INTERVAL seconds, then it MAY elect to defend its name, by
recording the time that the conflicting LLMNR query was received,
and then sending a query for the UNIQUE resource record,
with the 'U' bit set if it had not already done so (e.g. if had
not already sent such a UNIQUEness query as part of the UNIQUEness
verification process).

Having done this, an LLMNR responder can then continue to use the
name normally without any further special action. However, if this
is not the first conflicting LLMNR query the responder has seen,
and the time recorded for the previous conflicting LLMNR query is
recent, within DEFEND_INTERVAL, then the LLMNR responder MUST
immediately cease using the conflicting resource records.

This is necessary to ensure that two hosts do not get stuck in an
endless loop with both hosts trying to defend the same name."

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 21 05:27:09 2005
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From: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
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Subject: draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec3-01
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I've just submitted draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec3-01 and am hereby solliciting
comments.

Abstract

   The DNS Security (DNSSEC) NSEC resource record (RR) is intended to be
   used to provide authenticated denial of existence of DNS ownernames
   and types; however, it permits any user to traverse a zone and obtain
   a listing of all ownernames.

   A complete zone file can be used either directly as a source of
   probable e-mail addresses for spam, or indirectly as a key for
   multiple WHOIS queries to reveal registrant data which many
   registries (particularly in Europe) may be under strict legal
   obligations to protect.  Many registries therefore prohibit copying
   of their zone file; however the use of NSEC RRs makes renders
   policies unenforceable.

   This document proposes a scheme which obscures original ownernames
   while permitting authenticated denial of existence of non-existent
   names.  Non-authoritative delegation point NS RR types may be
   excluded.

Full version can be found at:

http://www.logmess.com/~roy/

Roy

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 21 15:34:16 2005
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Linklocal Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR)
	Author(s)	: L. Esibov, et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-mdns-38.txt
	Pages		: 26
	Date		: 2005-2-21
	
Today, with the rise of home networking, there are an increasing
   number of ad-hoc networks operating without a Domain Name System
   (DNS) server.  The goal of Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution
   (LLMNR) is to enable name resolution in scenarios in which
   conventional DNS name resolution is not possible.  LLMNR supports all
   current and future DNS formats, types and classes, while operating on
   a separate port from DNS, and with a distinct resolver cache.  Since
   LLMNR only operates on the local link, it cannot be considered a
   substitute for DNS.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 21 16:22:34 2005
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: HMAC SHA TSIG Algorithm Identifiers
	Author(s)	: D. Eastlake 3rd
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-tsig-sha-01.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 2005-2-21
	
Use of the TSIG DNS resource record requires specification of a
   cryptographic message authentication code.  Currently identifiers
   have been specified only for the HMAC-MD5 and GSS TSIG algorithms.
   This document standardizes identifiers for additional HMAC SHA TSIG
   algorithms and standardizes how to specify the truncation of HMAC
   values.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 21 20:13:42 2005
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Date: Mon, 21 Feb 2005 20:05:43 -0500 (EST)
From: Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com>
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A new version of the on-line signing (epsilon) draft has been
submitted.  Major changes include examples covering the wildcard name
and explicit verbiage relaxing constraints on the 'next name' field in
NSEC RRs.

Also available from:

http://dnssec-tools.sourceforge.net/docs/draft-weiler-dnsext-dnssec-online-signing-01.txt

-- Sam

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: DNSSEC Hash Authenticated Denial of Existence
	Author(s)	: B. Laurie, et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec3-01.txt
	Pages		: 18
	Date		: 2005-2-22
	
The DNS Security (DNSSEC) NSEC resource record (RR) is intended to be
   used to provide authenticated denial of existence of DNS ownernames
   and types; however, it permits any user to traverse a zone and obtain
   a listing of all ownernames.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 23 10:46:08 2005
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From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?=D3lafur?= =?iso-8859-1?Q?_Gu=F0mundsson?= /DNSEXT 
 co-chair <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: DNSEXT WG Last Call: TSIG/SHA document 
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This WG last call ends March 12'th 2005.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-tsig-sha-01.txt

The TSIG protocol provides transaction level authentication for DNS.
TSIG is extensible through the definition of new algorithms.  This
document specifies an algorithm(s) from the SHA algorithm family.
This document specifies 4 new TSIG/HMAC algorithms, if there are any
issues with defining any of the algorithms, please state so and why.

This draft is on standards track, if you disagree with that please state why
in your response.

The there are no reports of implementations, if you are aware of any please
let us know.

In order to advance this document, the chairs must receive some
messages of support for this document.
Silence will result in dropping the document.

	Olafur and Olaf


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 23 10:52:10 2005
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From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?=D3lafur?= =?iso-8859-1?Q?_Gu=F0mundsson?= /DNSEXT 
 co-chair <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: Re: IETF-62 Agenda items
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The meeting is on Wed. at 9:00 (this will not change)
If you have not sent in agenda items please send them to both chairs
ASAP so we can post agenda.

         thanks
         =D3lafur (and Olaf)


At 12:15 12/01/2005, =D3lafur Gudmundsson/DNSEXT co-chair wrote:

>IETF-62 March 6-11 2005.
>
>The meeting is in less than 2 months, the chairs have requested one
>long slot for this meeting.
>
>Feels free to send in agenda items soon in order to help us chairs to
>gauge if we need to add second slot.
>
>Also this is a friendly reminder to document editors to take a look at
>their documents and update them OR declare the documents are ready for
>last call.
>
>If there are many agenda requests there is still time to ask
>for second slot so get those requests in.
>
>Important deadlines:
>February 7, Monday - Working Group Chair approval for initial document=20
>(Version -00) submissions due by 09:00 ET (14:00 GMT)
>
>February 14, Monday - Internet Draft Cut-off for initial document (-00)=20
>submission by 09:00 ET (14:00 GMT)
>
>February 21, Monday - Internet Draft final submission cut-off by 09:00 ET=
=20
>(14:00 GMT)
>
>So anyone intents to ask for a document to become a WG document the
>co-chairs MUST see a draft of that document before Feb 7'th.
>
>         =D3lafur (and Olaf)


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 23 11:03:46 2005
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From: "Scott Rose" <scottr@nist.gov>
To: <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: RE: DNSEXT WG Last Call: TSIG/SHA document
Date: Wed, 23 Feb 2005 10:58:48 -0500
Message-ID: <ANECIHCPCBDLLEJLCOPGKECFDGAA.scottr@nist.gov>
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I support this document.  I do not know of any implementations yet.
Hopefully I can get the ball rolling on at least one effort.

Scott

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> [mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org]On Behalf Of Olafur Gu?mundsson
> /DNSEXT co-chair
> Sent: Wednesday, February 23, 2005 10:36 AM
> To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> Subject: DNSEXT WG Last Call: TSIG/SHA document
>
>
> This WG last call ends March 12'th 2005.
>
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-tsig-sha-01.txt
>
> The TSIG protocol provides transaction level authentication for DNS.
> TSIG is extensible through the definition of new algorithms.  This
> document specifies an algorithm(s) from the SHA algorithm family.
> This document specifies 4 new TSIG/HMAC algorithms, if there are any
> issues with defining any of the algorithms, please state so and why.
>
> This draft is on standards track, if you disagree with that
> please state why
> in your response.
>
> The there are no reports of implementations, if you are aware of
> any please
> let us know.
>
> In order to advance this document, the chairs must receive some
> messages of support for this document.
> Silence will result in dropping the document.
>
> 	Olafur and Olaf
>
>
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 23 11:29:15 2005
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From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: =?iso-8859-1?Q?=D3lafur_Gu=F0mundsson?= /DNSEXT co-chair <ogud@ogud.com>
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Subject: Re: DNSEXT WG Last Call: TSIG/SHA document
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On Wed, Feb 23, 2005 at 10:36:06AM -0500,
 Ólafur Guðmundsson /DNSEXT co-chair <ogud@ogud.com> wrote 
 a message of 28 lines which said:

> The TSIG protocol provides transaction level authentication for DNS.
> TSIG is extensible through the definition of new algorithms.  This
> document specifies an algorithm(s) from the SHA algorithm family.

The Security Considerations do not mention the very recent attacks on
SHA-1, which, IMHO (I am not a cryptographer) should stop this
document from going on the Standards Track (pending further studies).

http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2005/02/sha1_broken.html

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 23 11:44:04 2005
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From: Frederico A C Neves <fneves@registro.br>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: DNSEXT WG Last Call: TSIG/SHA document
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On Wed, Feb 23, 2005 at 05:23:25PM +0100, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
...
> 
> The Security Considerations do not mention the very recent attacks on
> SHA-1, which, IMHO (I am not a cryptographer) should stop this
> document from going on the Standards Track (pending further studies).
> 

HMAC based on SHA doesn't suffer this attack. There is plenty of
cryptographers in this list to confirm this. Let the document go !

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 23 12:04:16 2005
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To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?=D3lafur?= =?iso-8859-1?Q?_Gu=F0mundsson?=
  <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: Re: DNSEXT WG Last Call: TSIG/SHA document
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 11:23 23/02/2005, Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
>On Wed, Feb 23, 2005 at 10:36:06AM -0500,
>  =D3lafur Gu=F0mundsson /DNSEXT co-chair <ogud@ogud.com> wrote
>  a message of 28 lines which said:
>
> > The TSIG protocol provides transaction level authentication for DNS.
> > TSIG is extensible through the definition of new algorithms.  This
> > document specifies an algorithm(s) from the SHA algorithm family.
>
>The Security Considerations do not mention the very recent attacks on
>SHA-1, which, IMHO (I am not a cryptographer) should stop this
>document from going on the Standards Track (pending further studies).
>
>http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2005/02/sha1_broken.html


<chair-hat on>
Excellent point, the document should address this issue before being
advanced.

I checked with some people that know cryptography before issuing this
last call, they do not see an issue with THIS USE of SHA-1.
<chair-hat off>

<TSIG-RFC-editor-hat on>
According to cryptographers:
The HMAC addition protects the underlying algorithm from the
vulnerabilities found in SHA-1.
http://jis.mit.edu/pipermail/saag/2005q1/001184.html

IMHO more given the short time TSIG signatures are valid, and
the great control each TSIG generator has over the input this
is not a great risk.
<TSIG-RFC-editor-hat off>

<no-hat on>
Having said that the WG can decide to list SHA-1 as Optional,
not mandatory as in the current draft.
Note also HMAC/SHA-256 is listed as mandatory to implement and that is
the algorithm people should be using if they want to significantly
improve security over HMAC/MD5

         =D3lafur=20


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=D3lafur  Gu=F0mundsson /DNSEXT co-chair writes:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-tsig-sha-01.txt=


I think the draft needs to emphasize the distinction between
implementing an algorithm and having a policy of accepting messages
signed by that algorithm, especially when most existing
implementations do not yet need to make that distinction because they
only deal with a single algorithm.  It would be unfortunate if an
implementor interpreted "must implement SHA-1" as "must accept
messages signed with SHA-1" (or even as "should accept them by
default"), since accepting messages signed with a new algorithm
without rejecting messages signed with the old one can only hurt
security.

What would be particularly bad is if someone made their implementation
accept messages with the MAC truncated to a single octet just because
the draft says "MAY implement any or all other truncations".  Such an
implementation would of course be completely insecure, breakable in
128 tries on average.  Although the Security Considerations section
does note that "excessive truncation clearly weakens authentication",
I don't think it makes it sufficiently clear that the risk doesn't
lie in excessive truncation by the sender but in the acceptance
of excessively truncated hashes by the receiver.
--=20
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Evaluating DNSSEC Transition Mechanisms
	Author(s)	: R. Arends, et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-trans-02.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 2005-2-23
	
This document collects and summarizes different proposals for
    alternative and additional strategies for authenticated denial in DNS
    responses, evaluates these proposals and gives a recommendation for a
    way forward.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 23 20:46:22 2005
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    Date:        Wed, 23 Feb 2005 20:00:21 +0200
    From:        gson@araneus.fi (Andreas Gustafsson)
    Message-ID:  <16924.50357.206629.553474@guava.araneus.fi>

  | I think the draft needs to emphasize the distinction between
  | implementing an algorithm and having a policy of accepting messages
  | signed by that algorithm,

And *I* think there are way too many attempts in the IETF to mandate
quality of implementation issues.   All we're supposed to be concerned
with is interoperability.   In bilateral protocols like TSIG that
doesn't require very much.

If there's a sub-standard TSIG implementation around, that doesn't meet
your requirements, then just find a better one.

If there's something in the spec that harms either interoperability, or
of correct operation of the protocol, by all means, object to it.   But
if the only complaint is that it is possible for people to use it in ways=

that don't meet your needs, then just leave it alone.

kre


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> I've just submitted draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec3-01 and am hereby
> solliciting comments.

Executive summary: While I don't like the inclusion of opt-in, I like
most of the technical substance in this doc.  That said, the text has
some rough edges, and I'm still worried about how to change salts and
hash functions.

Technical summary (someone tell me if I get any of this wrong,
please):  At the San Diego IETF last August, I did a presentation
comparing NSEC2 (from Ben Laurie) to DNSNR (from Roy Arends).  I
described four differences between the protocols: hash iterations, the
authoritative-only bit (a.k.a. opt-in), a null hash function
(plaintext names), and the choice of what gets hashed.  The first
three I described as options -- they were compatible with both
protocols.  This proposal uses hash iterations and the
authoritative-only bit (opt-in) but does not define a null hash
function.  This proposal hashes the entire owner name (as NSEC2 had
originally proposed) and adds NSEC3 RRs at all empty non-terminals (a
new innovation that should help with wildcard proofs).

That presentation also identified several problems common to both
documents.  This new proposal seems to address the wildcard handling
issues and it makes progress on handling hash collisions.  I still
worry about changing hashes/salts.


Details (with asterisks on especially interesting items):

Sections 2 and 2.1.1 were very hard to read, 2.1.1 especially.  Please
rework them.

Section 2: rather than cite (just?) 2308, (also?) cite -records.

** 2.1.2 Discarding NSEC3 RRs w/ unknown hashes sounds very, very bad.
** If you simply discard them, then presumably you can't do validation
** of negative answers in that zone (can anyone say "attack vector"?).
** One (perhaps bad) option is to tie the NSEC3 hash algorithm to the
** zone's DS message digest algorithm, since we already know how to
** handle unsupported algorithms in the DS.  But since a zone could
** have multiple DS's (with different hash algorithms), but not
** multiple NSEC3 chains (presumably), this doesn't sound so good.
** Can we just declare "this is the NSEC3 hash function" and not
** parameterize it?

2.2  Citation for RFC3597 ([5]) doesn't exist.

Section 3.  Adding NSEC RRs at names with no other RRs is a protocol
change and should probably be more vigorously flagged as such (as in:
"changes section xxx of -records by...").

** Section 5 is remarkably clear.  I wish there were similar sections
** telling resolvers how to deal with NSEC3's and telling servers when
** to include them -- both with very explicit instructions.

Section 6.1.1: I'm uneasy with this paragraph:
   The only possible mitigation is to either not use this method,
   hence proving existence or absence of unsigned delegations, or
   signing the delegated zone, changing the unsigned delegation into a
   signed delegation.
It's not the signing of the child that mitigates the attack, it's the
signing of the delegation, whether or not there's a DS.

Section 6.2: This doesn't sounds quite right: "... an RR must be shown
for the closest encloser, and non-existence must be shown for all
enclosers that could be closer."  Ed?

Section 6.4: the 2^80 number depends on SHA1.  Say that.

Section 6.4.1: for the second paragraph (really dealing with
collisions), suggest a specific server behavior when it needs to prove
the non-existence of something and can't.  Should it make up an RR
set?  Give a REFUSED?

Section 6.4.3: hash truncation.  Are you describing a technique you
expect to be used?  Are you expecting truncation to be recognized
automatically?  Or do you need a new hash identifier for each
truncation?  If recognized automatically, more text is needed.

IANA: What's the criteria for assignment?  "Reserved" won't cut it --
see 2434bis.  Standards Action might be appropriate.  What's
experimental (also in section 2.1.2)?  (Is it "private use"?)
Describe it or drop it.  The presentation format in section 2.2 allows
for the "name of the hash" to appear.  If that's to be retained, the
names/mnemonics need to be in the registry.  All that said, if we
can't find a wat to change hash functions, maybe we should just drop
the parameterization entirely, as discussed above re: section 2.1.2.

Security considerations: "...in any case, [a dictonary] attack could
also be used directly against the name server..." is misleading.
NSEC3 enables an off-line dictonary attack, which is faster, less
dectable, and less susceptible to counter-measures than an on-line
attack.

** Security considerations: suggests changing salt, but how?  Section
** 2.1.5 requires identical salt values throughout the zone.  Can you
** change salts without going insecure?  How?

Security considerations: "If [hash collisions occur], it will be
impossible to prove the non-existence of the colliding domain" doesn't
sound quite right.

Security considerations: needs to discuss the risks of opt-in.  6.1.1
does much of it, but there should at least be a pointer here, if not a
repeat of the discussion.  May want to look at the text from David's
opt-in draft.

Remove sections 10 (duplicates 1.2) & 11

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 24 01:44:53 2005
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Responding to non-editorial points for now. I'll edit the document tomorrow.

Samuel Weiler wrote:
>>I've just submitted draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec3-01 and am hereby
>>solliciting comments.
> 
> 
> Executive summary: While I don't like the inclusion of opt-in, I like
> most of the technical substance in this doc.  That said, the text has
> some rough edges, and I'm still worried about how to change salts and
> hash functions.

As discussed, opt-in is optional, and can be removed at the WG's 
discretion. I don't like it much either, but since it impacts the spec 
it seemed wise to include it, at this point.

> Technical summary (someone tell me if I get any of this wrong,
> please):  At the San Diego IETF last August, I did a presentation
> comparing NSEC2 (from Ben Laurie) to DNSNR (from Roy Arends).  I
> described four differences between the protocols: hash iterations, the
> authoritative-only bit (a.k.a. opt-in), a null hash function
> (plaintext names), and the choice of what gets hashed.  The first
> three I described as options -- they were compatible with both
> protocols.  This proposal uses hash iterations and the
> authoritative-only bit (opt-in) but does not define a null hash
> function.  This proposal hashes the entire owner name (as NSEC2 had
> originally proposed) and adds NSEC3 RRs at all empty non-terminals (a
> new innovation that should help with wildcard proofs).
> 
> That presentation also identified several problems common to both
> documents.  This new proposal seems to address the wildcard handling
> issues and it makes progress on handling hash collisions.  I still
> worry about changing hashes/salts.

I still don't understand what your concern is. Any individual NSEC3 
record works standalone with its own hash/salt/iterations. The owner of 
a zone must be sure to have a complete set for any particular 
combination of hash/salt/iterations, or there could be queries it could 
not respond to, but it doesn't actually matter if a client receives part 
of the response from one set and part from another, since each 
individual NSEC3 record denies a particular RR, and that RR is denied 
whichever set it comes from (not that I can see how this can happen 
anyway, but guessing at your concern).

> ** 2.1.2 Discarding NSEC3 RRs w/ unknown hashes sounds very, very bad.
> ** If you simply discard them, then presumably you can't do validation
> ** of negative answers in that zone (can anyone say "attack vector"?).

How can this be used as an attack? NSEC3s must be signed, so an attacker 
is not at liberty to choose the hash.

> ** One (perhaps bad) option is to tie the NSEC3 hash algorithm to the
> ** zone's DS message digest algorithm, since we already know how to
> ** handle unsupported algorithms in the DS.  But since a zone could
> ** have multiple DS's (with different hash algorithms), but not
> ** multiple NSEC3 chains (presumably), this doesn't sound so good.
> ** Can we just declare "this is the NSEC3 hash function" and not
> ** parameterize it?

Then we'd have to roll the whole protocol to change the hash function, 
which sounds even less good.

> Security considerations: "...in any case, [a dictonary] attack could
> also be used directly against the name server..." is misleading.
> NSEC3 enables an off-line dictonary attack, which is faster,

I would dispute that it is necessarily faster - that was the point of 
having iterations. I would agree with "might be faster".

> less dectable, and less susceptible to counter-measures than an on-line
> attack.

One of our entry-points to the whole NSEC++ discussion was that there 
are no plausible counter-measures.

> ** Security considerations: suggests changing salt, but how?  Section
> ** 2.1.5 requires identical salt values throughout the zone.  Can you
> ** change salts without going insecure?  How?

You would have to change the salt for the whole zone, and see above. But 
hash collisions are a distraction. In practice they will not occur.

> Security considerations: "If [hash collisions occur], it will be
> impossible to prove the non-existence of the colliding domain" doesn't
> sound quite right.

It sounds right to me. What do you think is wrong?

Cheers,

Ben.

-- 
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Samuel Weiler wrote:
> Sections 2 and 2.1.1 were very hard to read, 2.1.1 especially.  Please
> rework them.

I think this'll have to wait for discussion about exactly what is unclear.

> Section 2: rather than cite (just?) 2308, (also?) cite -records.

Where, exactly? Would 1.1 be more appropriate?

> 2.2  Citation for RFC3597 ([5]) doesn't exist.

Fixed.

> Section 3.  Adding NSEC RRs at names with no other RRs is a protocol
> change and should probably be more vigorously flagged as such (as in:
> "changes section xxx of -records by...").
> 
> ** Section 5 is remarkably clear.  I wish there were similar sections
> ** telling resolvers how to deal with NSEC3's and telling servers when
> ** to include them -- both with very explicit instructions.
> 
> Section 6.1.1: I'm uneasy with this paragraph:
>    The only possible mitigation is to either not use this method,
>    hence proving existence or absence of unsigned delegations, or
>    signing the delegated zone, changing the unsigned delegation into a
>    signed delegation.
> It's not the signing of the child that mitigates the attack, it's the
> signing of the delegation, whether or not there's a DS.

Agreed, fixed. Of course, this relates to opt-in, hence the confusion.

I note that the other case is also wrong. Proving absence of unsigned 
delegations does not prevent the fabrication of such delegations. I am 
also fixing that. This strikes me as an argument against opt-in.

> Section 6.2: This doesn't sounds quite right: "... an RR must be shown
> for the closest encloser, and non-existence must be shown for all
> enclosers that could be closer."  Ed?

What doesn't sound right about this? It seems correct to me.

> Section 6.4: the 2^80 number depends on SHA1.  Say that.

Fixed (and made more general).

> Section 6.4.1: for the second paragraph (really dealing with
> collisions), suggest a specific server behavior when it needs to prove
> the non-existence of something and can't.  Should it make up an RR
> set?  Give a REFUSED?

You know, this obsession with collisions is really getting quite silly. 
If you want to follow it to its logical conclusion, then we are going to 
have to rework all the signature stuff in DNSSEC, too, since they are 
equally vulnerable to hash collisions (and with substantially worse 
consequences, too). Do you really want to go down that path?

Incidentally, 6.4.2 deals with the case you described, not 6.4.1. But 
I'm personally in favour of deleting all mention of collisions beyond 
specifying that hash functions should resist them.

> Section 6.4.3: hash truncation.  Are you describing a technique you
> expect to be used?  Are you expecting truncation to be recognized
> automatically?  Or do you need a new hash identifier for each
> truncation?  If recognized automatically, more text is needed.

No, I've updated the text to reflect this.

> IANA: What's the criteria for assignment?  "Reserved" won't cut it --
> see 2434bis.  Standards Action might be appropriate.  What's
> experimental (also in section 2.1.2)?  (Is it "private use"?)
> Describe it or drop it.  The presentation format in section 2.2 allows
> for the "name of the hash" to appear.  If that's to be retained, the
> names/mnemonics need to be in the registry.  All that said, if we
> can't find a wat to change hash functions, maybe we should just drop
> the parameterization entirely, as discussed above re: section 2.1.2.

Since I've added the null function back, this is not an option. I leave 
it to the WG to decide what action is needed to allocate a new hash 
function.

> Security considerations: "...in any case, [a dictonary] attack could
> also be used directly against the name server..." is misleading.
> NSEC3 enables an off-line dictonary attack, which is faster, less
> dectable, and less susceptible to counter-measures than an on-line
> attack.

Text modified somewhat.

> Security considerations: "If [hash collisions occur], it will be
> impossible to prove the non-existence of the colliding domain" doesn't
> sound quite right.

This seems correct to me - what problem do you see?

BTW, Alex Bligh did point out a way to completely resolve this - in the 
event of a collision, one presents NSEC3 records with the identity hash 
function instead. I would suggest we do NOT specify this, because it's a 
good deal of work for implementers to handle a case that will almost 
certainly never occur and is computationally infeasible to ever test(!). 
Plus it substantially increases the size and signing cost of the zone.

> Security considerations: needs to discuss the risks of opt-in.  6.1.1
> does much of it, but there should at least be a pointer here, if not a
> repeat of the discussion.  May want to look at the text from David's
> opt-in draft.

Perhaps we should simply refer to the opt-in draft, since all we're 
doing is adding support for it.

> Remove sections 10 (duplicates 1.2) & 11

Done.

Cheers,

Ben.

-- 
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--On 24 February 2005 13:13 +0000 Ben Laurie <ben@algroup.co.uk> wrote:

> BTW, Alex Bligh did point out a way to completely resolve this - in the
> event of a collision, one presents NSEC3 records with the identity hash
> function instead. I would suggest we do NOT specify this, because it's a
> good deal of work for implementers to handle a case that will almost
> certainly never occur and is computationally infeasible to ever test(!).
> Plus it substantially increases the size and signing cost of the zone.

Firstly, I agree with your comment about hash collisions taking up
an inordinate amount of unnecessary conversations.

That being said, in partial defense of my own suggestion above, I'd
make the following points:
1. It certainly should not be a MUST or a SHOULD requirement, but I would
   have thought a MAY specification is reasonable (indicating it is a
   possible option), as there may be some implementers who are worried
   about hash collisions more than we are. It would be reasonable to
   say MUST either (a) use alternate non-colliding hash such as the
   identity hash which is guaranteed never to collide, OR (b) [specify
   default behaviour - REFUSED, SERVERR whatever].
2. It is not computationally infeasible to test because one can generate
   (for this purpose) a deliberately weak hash function (for instance take
   the octets as groups of 32 bit words and XOR them together). If we
   are that concerned about it, given we probably want to do
   interoperability testing for multiple hash functions, it might be
   that specifying this (as an optional hash) is a good idea anyway.
3. If it is optional, the argument about it being a lot of work falls.
   Ditto the argument about increasing size and signing cost of zone. Only
   the ultra-cautious/paranoid (you pick which!) bear the cost.
4. Such a scheme would permit the use of very truncated hashes as alternate
   hash functions, where one is prepared to accept the possibility
   of the occasional collision (and thus the occasional adjacent name
   being discovered) AND additional signing complexity
   in order to minimize on-wire data (if bandwidth rather than CPU is
   the problem). I figure you can truncate the zone hash to something
   like 2logN bits (where N is number of items in zone) and keep the
   expected value of the number of collisions smaller than 2 (but you
   would HAVE to handle the case where collisions do exist if you are
   doing this by doing an identity sign as well). That's a noticeable
   on-wire saving.

But no, I'm not that fussed about it.

Alex

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> 	Title		: Evaluating DNSSEC Transition Mechanisms
> 	Author(s)	: R. Arends, et al.
> 	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-trans-02.txt

Changes include some editorial comments, some references and a new "method".
Some comments have been read but not yet incorporated, including those from

Sam: you said in November that you hadn't done an in depth review. Nevertheless
  you suggested another "dead end" to be added (DS hash based; I'd be happy
  to learn the details, but pls see below)

Mark: details for the SIG(0) approach and its drawbacks need to be added

Miek: The "new" method is basically what went into the "BERT" draft.

This document needs one other round before it hopefully can go to WG LC. My
plan is to do this editing round in and shortly after MPLS. Since it is
mostly intended to document the collection of ideas on the table when the WG
decided to proceed with -bis as is, it's not necessary to find more 
alternatives, but instead to go back in time a bit and improve the description
and assessment of those already in the draft.

-Peter

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Ben Laurie wrote:

> I note that the other case is also wrong. Proving absence of unsigned 
> delegations does not prevent the fabrication of such delegations. I am 
> also fixing that. This strikes me as an argument against opt-in.

Opt-In explicitly doesn't prove the absence of unsigned delegations. 
That was the point.  That you can fabricate unsigned delegations in an 
opt-in signed zone is very well understood.  Because this strikes some 
as an argument against opt-in is why opt-in is always *optional*.

>> Security considerations: needs to discuss the risks of opt-in.  6.1.1
>> does much of it, but there should at least be a pointer here, if not a
>> repeat of the discussion.  May want to look at the text from David's
>> opt-in draft.
> 
> 
> Perhaps we should simply refer to the opt-in draft, since all we're 
> doing is adding support for it.

You could refer to it, but keep in mind that the opt-in document is 
heading for the Experimental track, not PS.

-- 
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Applied Research

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I posted about this on Monday but didn't include the announcement
from the i-d respository...

---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Mon, 21 Feb 2005 15:37:34 -0500
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
To: i-d-announce@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-weiler-dnsext-dnssec-online-signing-01.txt

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Minimally Covering NSEC Records and DNSSEC On-line Signing
	Author(s)	: S. Weiler, J. Ihren
	Filename	: draft-weiler-dnsext-dnssec-online-signing-01.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 2005-2-21

This document describes how to construct DNSSEC NSEC resource records
   that cover a smaller range of names than called for by [-records].
   By generating and signing these records on demand, authoritative name
   servers can effectively stop the disclosure of zone contents
   otherwise made possible by walking the chain of NSEC records in a
   signed zone.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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On Thu, 24 Feb 2005, Ben Laurie wrote:

> I still don't understand what your concern is. Any individual NSEC3
> record works standalone with its own hash/salt/iterations. The owner of
> a zone must be sure to have a complete set for any particular
> combination of hash/salt/iterations, or there could be queries it could
> not respond to, but it doesn't actually matter if a client receives part
> of the response from one set and part from another, since each
> individual NSEC3 record denies a particular RR, and that RR is denied
> whichever set it comes from (not that I can see how this can happen
> anyway, but guessing at your concern).

Then the doc needs to say that, including specific instructions to
validators to treat each NSEC3 individually (for instance, you might
have one NSEC3 proving no exact match using hash1 and one proving no
wildcard with hash2).

The doc currently requires that the salt be the same throughout the
zone, which suggests (perhaps incorrectly) that the above doesn't
work.

> > ** 2.1.2 Discarding NSEC3 RRs w/ unknown hashes sounds very, very bad.
> > ** If you simply discard them, then presumably you can't do validation
> > ** of negative answers in that zone (can anyone say "attack vector"?).
>
> How can this be used as an attack? NSEC3s must be signed, so an attacker
> is not at liberty to choose the hash.

If a new (relatively unknown) hash is in use, the attacker can replay
it with interesting results.

Imagine a zone using NSEC3 with a previously-unknown hash algorithm
(type 42).  A validator that doesn't understand hash type 42 can still
process positive answers from that zone and set the ad bit for them.
What happens when that same validator (that doesn't understand hash
42) gets a nonexistence proof from the zone?  Following the above
rules, it discards the NSEC3.  What does it do now?  Treat validation
as having failed?  That would make it very dangerous to use new hash
algorithms.  Treat the zone as insecure (at least for non-existence
answers)?  That looks like the only safe option, given the 'discard'
directive.

Now imagine a man-in-the-middle.  In response to a query for an
existing RR in the zone, the attacker synthesizes a nonexistence proof
using ANY of the NSEC3 RR's from the zone.  The validator can't tell
the difference between this and the second situation above -- the
attacker has just spoofed away real names.  Wouldn't it be better to
know the zone was insecure when you first enter it rather than have
this "somewhat secure" state?

This reminds me of a discussion from 1.5 years ago:
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2003/msg01539.html
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2003/msg01773.html

> > ** One (perhaps bad) option is to tie the NSEC3 hash algorithm to the
> > ** zone's DS message digest algorithm, since we already know how to
> > ** handle unsupported algorithms in the DS.  But since a zone could
> > ** have multiple DS's (with different hash algorithms), but not
> > ** multiple NSEC3 chains (presumably), this doesn't sound so good.
> > ** Can we just declare "this is the NSEC3 hash function" and not
> > ** parameterize it?
>
> Then we'd have to roll the whole protocol to change the hash function,
> which sounds even less good.

If you can't change the algorithm with some grace, I think
parameterizing it is misleading and adds unnecessary complexity.

> > Security considerations: "...in any case, [a dictonary] attack could
> > also be used directly against the name server..." is misleading.
> > NSEC3 enables an off-line dictonary attack, which is faster,
>
> I would dispute that it is necessarily faster - that was the point of
> having iterations. I would agree with "might be faster".

Fair enough.

> > Security considerations: "If [hash collisions occur], it will be
> > impossible to prove the non-existence of the colliding domain" doesn't
> > sound quite right.
>
> It sounds right to me. What do you think is wrong?

There are at least two ways to read this.  Having looked again, I
suspect you meant: if the hash of an existing name and that of a
non-existing name collide, it will be impossible to prove the
non-existence of the non-existing name.

Another way to read it is: if the hashes of two EXISTING names
collide, if will be impossible to prove the non-existence of either.
(Which is the whole point, right?).  In that case (of two exisitng
owner names colliding), given the rules about including the superset
of types in the bitmap, it might or might not be impossible to prove
the non-existence of some RR types at those names.  If the set of
types at both names is the same, there shouldn't be issues.  Hence my
(somewhat frivolous) suggestion that one response would be to
synthesize bogus records to match the bitmap.  Or, in the case of a
non-existing name colliding, synthesizing bogus RR's at the
(previously non-existing) QNAME to match the NSEC3.

-- Sam

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Feb 26 17:20:47 2005
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Samuel Weiler wrote:
> On Thu, 24 Feb 2005, Ben Laurie wrote:
> 
> 
>>I still don't understand what your concern is. Any individual NSEC3
>>record works standalone with its own hash/salt/iterations. The owner of
>>a zone must be sure to have a complete set for any particular
>>combination of hash/salt/iterations, or there could be queries it could
>>not respond to, but it doesn't actually matter if a client receives part
>>of the response from one set and part from another, since each
>>individual NSEC3 record denies a particular RR, and that RR is denied
>>whichever set it comes from (not that I can see how this can happen
>>anyway, but guessing at your concern).
> 
> 
> Then the doc needs to say that, including specific instructions to
> validators to treat each NSEC3 individually (for instance, you might
> have one NSEC3 proving no exact match using hash1 and one proving no
> wildcard with hash2).
> 
> The doc currently requires that the salt be the same throughout the
> zone, which suggests (perhaps incorrectly) that the above doesn't
> work.

That is a requirement on the zone, to enable it to answer all queries.

>>>** 2.1.2 Discarding NSEC3 RRs w/ unknown hashes sounds very, very bad.
>>>** If you simply discard them, then presumably you can't do validation
>>>** of negative answers in that zone (can anyone say "attack vector"?).
>>
>>How can this be used as an attack? NSEC3s must be signed, so an attacker
>>is not at liberty to choose the hash.
> 
> If a new (relatively unknown) hash is in use, the attacker can replay
> it with interesting results.
 >
> Imagine a zone using NSEC3 with a previously-unknown hash algorithm
> (type 42).  A validator that doesn't understand hash type 42 can still
> process positive answers from that zone and set the ad bit for them.
> What happens when that same validator (that doesn't understand hash
> 42) gets a nonexistence proof from the zone?  Following the above
> rules, it discards the NSEC3.  What does it do now?  Treat validation
> as having failed?  That would make it very dangerous to use new hash
> algorithms.  Treat the zone as insecure (at least for non-existence
> answers)?  That looks like the only safe option, given the 'discard'
> directive.
 >
> Now imagine a man-in-the-middle.  In response to a query for an
> existing RR in the zone, the attacker synthesizes a nonexistence proof
> using ANY of the NSEC3 RR's from the zone.  The validator can't tell
> the difference between this and the second situation above -- the
> attacker has just spoofed away real names.  Wouldn't it be better to
> know the zone was insecure when you first enter it rather than have
> this "somewhat secure" state?

Would it? So long as I'm getting answers I can rely on, why do I care 
that I might get answers I can't? If I get an answer I can't understand, 
then I know that I can't understand it, so what's the big deal? An 
attacker can always deny me any answer at all, so the easy answer is to 
treat all incomprehensible answers as no answer.

> This reminds me of a discussion from 1.5 years ago:
> http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2003/msg01539.html
> http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2003/msg01773.html
> 
> 
>>>** One (perhaps bad) option is to tie the NSEC3 hash algorithm to the
>>>** zone's DS message digest algorithm, since we already know how to
>>>** handle unsupported algorithms in the DS.  But since a zone could
>>>** have multiple DS's (with different hash algorithms), but not
>>>** multiple NSEC3 chains (presumably), this doesn't sound so good.
>>>** Can we just declare "this is the NSEC3 hash function" and not
>>>** parameterize it?
>>
>>Then we'd have to roll the whole protocol to change the hash function,
>>which sounds even less good.
> 
> If you can't change the algorithm with some grace, I think
> parameterizing it is misleading and adds unnecessary complexity.

I don't believe you've demonstrated that inability.

>>>Security considerations: "If [hash collisions occur], it will be
>>>impossible to prove the non-existence of the colliding domain" doesn't
>>>sound quite right.
>>
>>It sounds right to me. What do you think is wrong?
> 
> There are at least two ways to read this.  Having looked again, I
> suspect you meant: if the hash of an existing name and that of a
> non-existing name collide, it will be impossible to prove the
> non-existence of the non-existing name.

Yes.

> Another way to read it is: if the hashes of two EXISTING names
> collide, if will be impossible to prove the non-existence of either.
> (Which is the whole point, right?).  In that case (of two exisitng
> owner names colliding), given the rules about including the superset
> of types in the bitmap, it might or might not be impossible to prove
> the non-existence of some RR types at those names.  If the set of
> types at both names is the same, there shouldn't be issues.  Hence my
> (somewhat frivolous) suggestion that one response would be to
> synthesize bogus records to match the bitmap.  Or, in the case of a
> non-existing name colliding, synthesizing bogus RR's at the
> (previously non-existing) QNAME to match the NSEC3.

I'll agree these are frivolous.

-- 
http://www.apache-ssl.org/ben.html       http://www.thebunker.net/

"There is no limit to what a man can do or how far he can go if he
doesn't mind who gets the credit." - Robert Woodruff

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 27 06:36:19 2005
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--On 26 February 2005 14:23 -0500 Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com> wrote:

> Another way to read it is: if the hashes of two EXISTING names
> collide, if will be impossible to prove the non-existence of either.
> (Which is the whole point, right?).

Such a circumstance can be trivially avoided at signing time by choice
of salt.

Alex

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Dear colleagues,

Below follows the draft agenda.
Apologies for the somewhat last minute posting.

--Olaf



IETF-62
DNSEXT draft agenda
WEDNESDAY, March 9, 2005
0900-1130 Morning Sessions

The meeting is parallel to
APP  imapext    Internet Message Access Protocol Extension WG
INT  autoconf   Ad hoc Network Configuration BOF
OPS  v6ops      IPv6 Operations WG
RTG  mpls       MultiProtocol Label Switching WG
SEC  msec       Multicast Security WG
TSV  ecrit      Emergency Context Resolution with Internet Technologies WG

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Agenda (as of 2005/02/28)

* Wilcard document
    Ed Lewis                                                   20 
min.    9:20
    http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06


DNS SHA-1 attack imact
    Olafur Gudmundsson                        10 min    9:30

DNSSEC Keying

 * IPR issues
     Chairs                                                     5 
min.    9:35

DNSSEC Denial of existence
 * Requirements for new RR synthesis methods.
    Chairs                                            10 min.   9:45
    
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-signed-nonexistence-requirements-01    


 * Closest enclosers for DNS Names (in Last Call ending March 20'th).
   Sisson or Lauri                         10 min.  10:00
   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-sisson-dnsext-dns-name-p-s-01

 * DNSSEC Online Epsilon signing
    Weiler                                                      10 min.  
10:10
   
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-weiler-dnsext-dnssec-online-signing-01             


 * NSECv3 Hashed based denial of existence
    Arends                                                      15 min.  
10:25
   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-nsec3-03

 * Bert Denial (Basic Error Response Type)
    Gieben                                                       5 min.  
10:40
   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-gieben-bert-response-00

other DNSSEC

 * DNSSEC experiments
    Blacka                                                      10 min.  
10:50   
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-experiments-00


 * Opt-In status update
    Chairs                                                       5 min.  
10:55
    http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-opt-in-07

Documents in final stages.                    10 min.  11:05
 * LLMNR changes
   Aboba                                                       
   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-mdns-38

 * TSIG SHA-1  (Last Call March 8)
   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-tsig-sha-01

 * RFC2538bis CERT RR (Last Call ending March 20)
   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2538bis-01.txt

Cross fertilization

 * DNS issues in other groups.
                                                                20 min.  
11:25

Any other business


Document Administrivia                                        



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 28 03:33:20 2005
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This WG last call ends March 20'th 2005

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2538bis-01.txt

This is an update to RFC2538 which defines an DNS RR named CERT.
The changes from RFC2538 are technically minor, but significant
new text about use and applicability has been added.

This document is on standards track, the plan is to submit it as
advancing the specification for CERT RR from Proposed to Draft Standard.
Before that happens an interoperabilty report needs to be generated.
If you disagree with this standards action please state so and why it is
necessary to recycle at Proposed Standard.

If there are no comments on this document it will be advanced to the IESG
after interoperabilty report is submitted.

If you are willing to take on the task to generate the interoperability
report please notify the grateful chairs.  If we do not find volunteers 
we will
forward the document to the IESG for a recycle as Proposed standard.

    Olaf and Olafur

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 28 08:18:04 2005
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Date: Mon, 28 Feb 2005 14:13:25 +0100
From: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: IETF62 DNSEXT Agenda
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On Mon, 28 Feb 2005 09:24:27 +0100
"Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net> wrote:


In the agenda announcment I wrote:
  * Closest enclosers for DNS Names (in Last Call ending March 20'th).
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-sisson-dnsext-dns-name-p-s-01


I made a mistake: The document is not in last call and will be updated once more before a last call is issued.


-- Olaf

---------------------------------| Olaf M. Kolkman
---------------------------------| RIPE NCC
---------------------------------| JID: olaf at jabber.secret-wg.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 28 15:18:16 2005
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On Sat, 26 Feb 2005, Ben Laurie wrote:

> >>>** 2.1.2 Discarding NSEC3 RRs w/ unknown hashes sounds very, very bad.
> >>>** If you simply discard them, then presumably you can't do validation
> >>>** of negative answers in that zone (can anyone say "attack vector"?).

I made a leap to "there could be an attack" by assuming a behavior
(treat the zone as unsecure) that differs from what the doc seems to
describe now.  Going back to the doc as it is now:

> > Imagine a zone using NSEC3 with a previously-unknown hash algorithm
> > (type 42).  A validator that doesn't understand hash type 42 can still
> > process positive answers from that zone and set the ad bit for them.
> > What happens when that same validator (that doesn't understand hash
> > 42) gets a nonexistence proof from the zone?  Following the above
> > rules, it discards the NSEC3.  What does it do now?  Treat validation
> > as having failed?  That would make it very dangerous to use new hash
> > algorithms.  [Discussion of an alternative behavior removed.]
...
> Would it? So long as I'm getting answers I can rely on, why do I care
> that I might get answers I can't? If I get an answer I can't understand,
> then I know that I can't understand it, so what's the big deal? An
> attacker can always deny me any answer at all, so the easy answer is to
> treat all incomprehensible answers as no answer.

Think about this from the perspective of a zone owner: "if I sign my
zone using new NSEC3 hash algorithm 42, many/most resolvers will
discard the NSEC3's, resulting in validation failures in my zone --
among other things, unsecure delegations FROM my zone will vanish,
since resolvers discard the NSEC3's needed to prove that they're
unsecure".  And none of this requires an attacker -- this is what
happens with well-behaved validators using the algorithm your doc
describes.  That's a pretty strong disincentive to use any new
algorithm.

> > This reminds me of a discussion from 1.5 years ago:
> > http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2003/msg01539.html
> > http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2003/msg01773.html
> >
> >>>** One (perhaps bad) option is to tie the NSEC3 hash algorithm to the
> >>>** zone's DS message digest algorithm, since we already know how to
> >>>** handle unsupported algorithms in the DS.  But since a zone could
> >>>** have multiple DS's (with different hash algorithms), but not
> >>>** multiple NSEC3 chains (presumably), this doesn't sound so good.
> >>>** Can we just declare "this is the NSEC3 hash function" and not
> >>>** parameterize it?
> >>
> >>Then we'd have to roll the whole protocol to change the hash function,
> >>which sounds even less good.
> >
> > If you can't change the algorithm with some grace, I think
> > parameterizing it is misleading and adds unnecessary complexity.
>
> I don't believe you've demonstrated that inability.

And I believe this document hasn't even postulated, much less
demonstrated, an ability to gracefully roll them.

-- Sam

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 28 15:24:55 2005
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The sections I commented on in -01 seem largely unchanged in -02, so
the same comments apply.  See:
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2004/msg02097.html

I also noticed that 2.2.3.2 suggests splitting the algorithm space
with each version of DNSSEC.  As David Blacka's experiments draft
suggests, there might be more efficient ways to do this, and blindly
allocating half of the algorithm numbers at each versioning sounds
very limiting.

> Sam: you said in November that you hadn't done an in depth review.
> Nevertheless
>   you suggested another "dead end" to be added (DS hash based; I'd be happy
>   to learn the details, but pls see below)

Essentially: rather than change DNSKEY algorithms, change DS message
digest algorithms (or: use message digest algorithms as a signaling
mechanism).  Any resolver that doesn't understand the new message
digest number wouldn't be able to use that DS anyway.

http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~llynch/dnsop/msg03203.html

-- Sam

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