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- List Purpose

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----------------------------------------------------------------------
$Id: dnsext-list-policy.txt,v 1.8 2005/01/12 15:54:51 olaf Exp $

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri May  6 10:33:12 2005
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From: Eastlake III Donald-LDE008 <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: RE: RFC 4034 typographical error ?
Date: Fri, 6 May 2005 10:27:40 -0400 
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There haven't been any comments on this. I'll submit an errata to the RFC editor in a couple of weeks unless I hear something to the contrary.

Thanks,
Donald

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org [mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Eastlake III Donald-LDE008
Sent: Sunday, April 10, 2005 11:02 PM
To: 'Abhijit Hayatnagarkar'
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: RE: RFC 4034 typographical error ?

This is indeed a typo. It should be the 3rd and 2nd to last octets.

When I designed the key tag for RSA, I didn't want to use the bottom octet as the bottom bit is always on and their might be other patterns in the relative occurance of values in the bottom octet. So I decided to ignore the bottom octet and take the next two.
 
Thanks,
Donald

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org [mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Abhijit Hayatnagarkar
Sent: Thursday, April 07, 2005 10:11 AM
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: RFC 4034 typographical error ?


[ Moderators note: This post needed manual approval.

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Appendix B.1 of RFC 4034 says:

"
   For a
   DNSKEY RR with algorithm 1, the key tag is defined to be the most
   significant 16 bits of the least significant 24 bits in the public
   key modulus (in other words, the 4th to last and 3rd to last octets
   of the public key modulus).
"

Thus, if the last 4 octets of the public key modulus are 0x11223344,
then this would mean that the keytag will have the value 0x2233.

If so, should the part in parenthesis be changed to

"(in other words, the 3rd to last and 2nd to last octets
  of the public key modulus)
"

?

Thanks,
Abhijit Hayatngarkar
Senior Engineer
SPARTA, Inc.



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon May  9 05:59:32 2005
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To: Eastlake III Donald-LDE008 <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com>
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Subject: Re: RFC 4034 typographical error ?
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On Fri, 6 May 2005 10:27:40 -0400 
Eastlake III Donald-LDE008 <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com> wrote:

> There haven't been any comments on this. I'll submit an errata to the RFC editor in a couple of weeks unless I hear something to the contrary.
> 



I concur, thanks for keeping an eye on this Donald.

Besides this typo should be mentioned in the "clarification and
implementation notes" draft that Weiler et al ("et al" still to be
determined) are maintaining
(draft-weiler-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-00, to be published as
draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-00)

-- Olaf

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon May  9 09:05:27 2005
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Date: Mon, 9 May 2005 15:02:00 +0200
From: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
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Cc: Spencer.Shepler@sun.com, beepy@netapp.com, ogud@ogud.com,
        okolkman@ripe.net, Rick Mesta <Ricardo.Mesta@sun.com>
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Dear colleagues,


Rick Mesta has recently posted the following I-D:
 A DNS RR for NFSv4 ID Domains
 draft-mesta-nfs4id-dns-rr-01

The document would benefit from some review by the DNS community.

I've had some private communication with the editor and one of the issues
that came up during the conversation was that the NFS client is supposed
to know its "default domain".

(The "default domain" being what e.g. the res_init() function would
return).

AFAIK the "default domain" is not something that is part of the DNS
specs but I am afraid I am overlooking something. What would be a
proper specification or reference for the "default domain"?

Please try to CC the list on issues that are within scope and try to
keep out-of-scope issues off list.

Thanks a lot.

-- Olaf





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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 04:52:11 2005
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From: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
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Subject: rfc 4035 examples nits
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WG-chairs, Sam, et alii,

Would you be so kind and have these added to the dnssec-bis-errata
document?

A few nits found in the examples section of rfc4035

   C.1.  Authenticating an Answer

The text in both paragraphs refer to the examples in B.1 as
"x.w.example.com" while B.1 is "x.w.example".  This is painfully obvious
in the second paragraph where it states that the RRSIG labels field value
of 3 indicates that the answer was not the result of wildcard expansion.
This is true for "x.w.example" but not for "x.w.example.com", which
ofcourse has a label count of 4 (antithetically, a label count of 3 would
imply the answer _was_ the result of a wildcard expansion).

   C.1.1  Authenticating the Example DNSKEY RR

   This example shows the logical authentication process that starts
   from the a configured root DNSKEY (or DS RR) and moves down the tree
   to authenticate the desired "example" DNSKEY RR.

second sentence: "the a" should be "a"

   C.6.  Wildcard Expansion

first paragraph:
   ...
   is the result of wildcard expansion, as the "a.z.w.example" name
   contains 4 labels.  The name "a.z.w.w.example" is replaced by
   "*.w.example", the MX RRset is placed in canonical form, and,
   ...

In the second sentence quoted above, "a.z.w.w.example" should be
"a.z.w.example".

Thanks,

Roy

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 09:33:56 2005
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Date: Tue, 10 May 2005 09:28:30 -0400
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Who hates the DNAME?
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At 20:55 +0100 4/27/05, Niall O'Reilly wrote:

>What it comes down to is, not mixing the kinds of synthesis you use.
>
>Simple terminal (non-NS, non-DNAME) wildcard specifies a synthesis which
>might be called "default terminal substitution".  This is synthesis because
>the given QNAME does not match the NAME of any existing RR; an RRset is
>brought into existence on demand.
...
>Simple DNAME specifies "non-terminal substitution".  This is 
>synthesis because,
>just like the simple wildcard case, the given QNAME does not match the NAME of
>any existing RR.

About 2 trans-oceanic flights ago, I began to reply to this but put 
it aside.  Just know I came to grok the message - sometimes a message 
haunts you for a reason.

"* DNAME" is attempting a "simple terminal synthesis of a 
non-terminal substitution rule."  This is "non-deterministic 
synthesis" of a *rule*, not data, which is at the heart of the 
conflict with the operation of caching (non-authoritative, recursive, 
etc.) servers.

When rules are generated in a non-deterministic manner and fed to 
different caches, coherency of the database is lost.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 09:41:47 2005
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Date: Tue, 10 May 2005 09:39:30 -0400
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: * DNAME text in wcard
Cc: ed.lewis@neustar.biz
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Comments on this?

...

4.4 DNAME RRSet at a Wild Card Domain Name

     Ownership of a DNAME RRSet by a wild card domain name represents a
     threat to the coherency of the DNS and is to be avoided or outright
     rejected.  Such a DNAME RRSet represents non-deterministic synthesis
     of rules fed to different caches.  As caches are fed the different
     rules (in an unpredictable manner) the caches will cease to be coherent.

     For example, assume one cache, responding to a recursive request, obtains
     the record "a.b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." and another cache
     obtains "b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld.", both generated from the record
     "*.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." by an authoritative server.

     Queries for "sub.a.b.example. A" will be rewritten as "sub.foo.bar.tld. A"
     by the former caching server and rewritten as "sub.a.foo.bar.tld. A" by
     the latter.  Coherency is lost, an operational nightmare ensues.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 11:24:06 2005
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Date: Tue, 10 May 2005 18:20:54 +0300 (EEST)
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
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Edward Lewis writes:
> Comments on this?
> 
> 4.4 DNAME RRSet at a Wild Card Domain Name
> 
>      Ownership of a DNAME RRSet by a wild card domain name represents a
>      threat to the coherency of the DNS and is to be avoided or outright
>      rejected.  Such a DNAME RRSet represents non-deterministic synthesis
>      of rules fed to different caches.  As caches are fed the different
>      rules (in an unpredictable manner) the caches will cease to be coherent.
> 
>      For example, assume one cache, responding to a recursive request, obtains
>      the record "a.b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." and another cache
>      obtains "b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld.", both generated from the record
>      "*.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." by an authoritative server.
> 
>      Queries for "sub.a.b.example. A" will be rewritten as "sub.foo.bar.tld. A"
>      by the former caching server and rewritten as "sub.a.foo.bar.tld. A" by
>      the latter.  Coherency is lost, an operational nightmare ensues.

At the risk of repeating myself: caching servers that actually follow
the algorithm in RFC2672 section 4.2, "Processing by Resolvers", will
_not_ perform the rewrites described in the last paragraph.

Caching servers that do perform such rewrites should be fixed, not
declared correct by saying that the rewrite "will" happen.
This probably should be clarified in the DNAME specification rather
than the wildcard one, but if you want to discuss it on the wildcard
side, the text should look more like this:

 4.4 DNAME RRSet at a Wild Card Domain Name
 
       When a wild card domain name owns a DNAME RRset, queries for
       type DNAME or type ANY at multiple names matching the 
       wild card will answered with multiple synthesized DNAME RRsets
       representing mutually conflicting DNAME rewrite rules,
       and these RRsets may be cached by caching servers.

       To preserve the coherency of the DNS, it is important that
       caching DNS servers do not themselves perform DNAME rewrites
       based on such cached DNAME RRsets.

       For example, assume one cache, responding to a recursive request, obtains
       the record "a.b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." and another cache
       obtains "b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld.", both generated from the record
       "*.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." by an authoritative server.

       If the caches did DNAME rewrites based on the cached DNAMEs,
       queries for "sub.a.b.example. A" would be rewritten as "sub.foo.bar.tld. A"
       by the former caching server and rewritten as "sub.a.foo.bar.tld. A" by
       the latter.  Coherency would be lost, and an operational nightmare
       would ensue.

-- 
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 12:16:35 2005
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 <200505101520.j4AFKsiu007568@guava.araneus.fi>
Date: Tue, 10 May 2005 12:13:42 -0400
To: gson@araneus.fi (Andreas Gustafsson)
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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Now I am more confused than before.

At 18:20 +0300 5/10/05, Andreas Gustafsson wrote:
>Edward Lewis writes:
>>  Comments on this?
>>
>>  4.4 DNAME RRSet at a Wild Card Domain Name
>>
>>   Ownership of a DNAME RRSet by a wild card domain name represents a
>>   threat to the coherency of the DNS and is to be avoided or outright
>>   rejected.  Such a DNAME RRSet represents non-deterministic synthesis
>>   of rules fed to different caches.  As caches are fed the different
>>   rules (in an unpredictable manner) the caches will cease to be coherent.
>>
>>   For example, assume one cache, responding to a recursive request, obtains
>>   the record "a.b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." and another cache
>>   obtains "b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld.", both generated from the record
>>   "*.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." by an authoritative server.
>>
>>   Queries for "sub.a.b.example. A" will be rewritten as "sub.foo.bar.tld. A"
>>   by the former caching server and rewritten as "sub.a.foo.bar.tld. A" by
>>   the latter.  Coherency is lost, an operational nightmare ensues.
>
>At the risk of repeating myself: caching servers that actually follow
>the algorithm in RFC2672 section 4.2, "Processing by Resolvers", will
>_not_ perform the rewrites described in the last paragraph.
>
>Caching servers that do perform such rewrites should be fixed, not
>declared correct by saying that the rewrite "will" happen.
>This probably should be clarified in the DNAME specification rather
>than the wildcard one, but if you want to discuss it on the wildcard
>side, the text should look more like this:

I agree that the DNAME ought to be cleaned up elsewhere in general, 
but I do need to deal with the wild card issues with DNAME here.

BTW - thanks for sending text.

>  4.4 DNAME RRSet at a Wild Card Domain Name
>
>    When a wild card domain name owns a DNAME RRset, queries for
>    type DNAME or type ANY at multiple names matching the
>    wild card will answered with multiple synthesized DNAME RRsets
>    representing mutually conflicting DNAME rewrite rules,
>    and these RRsets may be cached by caching servers.
>
>    To preserve the coherency of the DNS, it is important that
>    caching DNS servers do not themselves perform DNAME rewrites
>    based on such cached DNAME RRsets.

What do you mean by "such cached DNAME RRsets?"  Are you referring to 
DNAME RRsets cached upon receipt having been synthesized by the 
sender?  How could the recursive server tell them apart?

I was under the assumption that RFC 2672 "directs" caches to do DNAME 
rewrites...

In 4.2/step 4.d, this lays the received DNAME in the cache.

       d. if the response shows a DNAME and that is not the answer
          itself, cache the DNAME.  If substitution of the DNAME's
          <target> for its <owner> in the SNAME would overflow the legal
          size for a <domain-name>, return an implementation-dependent
          error to the application; otherwise perform the substitution
          and go to step 1.

In 4.2/step 1, a later query sees:

    A resolver or a server providing recursive service must be modified
    to treat a DNAME as somewhat analogous to a CNAME.  The resolver
    algorithm of [DNSCF] section 5.3.3 is modified to renumber step 4.d
    as 4.e and insert a new 4.d.  The complete algorithm becomes:

    1. See if the answer is in local information, and if so return it to
       the client.

I would interpret this as saying that the DNAME rewrite happens here.

I don't see anywhere that a recursing server has the option to ignore 
the presence of DNAME RRsets.

>    For example, assume one cache, responding to a recursive request, obtains
>    the record "a.b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." and another cache
>    obtains "b.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld.", both generated from the record
>    "*.example. DNAME foo.bar.tld." by an authoritative server.
>
>    If the caches did DNAME rewrites based on the cached DNAMEs,
>    queries for "sub.a.b.example. A" would be rewritten as "sub.foo.bar.tld. A"
>    by the former caching server and rewritten as "sub.a.foo.bar.tld. A" by
>    the latter.  Coherency would be lost, and an operational nightmare
>    would ensue.

"If [they] ... did" - I 1) don't see that there's an option not to do 
so, and 2) if this is an option, is it an implementation weakness/bug 
to do so?
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 12:23:09 2005
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From: Alan Barrett <apb@cequrux.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
Message-ID: <20050510162023.GG9155@apb-laptoy.apb.alt.za>
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On Tue, 10 May 2005, Andreas Gustafsson wrote:
> >      Queries for "sub.a.b.example. A" will be rewritten as
> >      "sub.foo.bar.tld. A" by the former caching server and rewritten
> >      as "sub.a.foo.bar.tld. A" by the latter.  Coherency is lost, an
> >      operational nightmare ensues.
> 
> At the risk of repeating myself: caching servers that actually follow
> the algorithm in RFC2672 section 4.2, "Processing by Resolvers", will
> _not_ perform the rewrites described in the last paragraph.

RFC2672 section 4.2 step 1 says "see if the answer is in local
information, and if so return it to the client".  Step 4d says "...
cache the DNAME ...".  I believe that the clear intent of these two rules
is to allow the cache to use a cached DNAME to perform CNAME synthesis
(and then to use the CNAME to to answer the query).

Any reading of this algorithm that prohibits treating a cached DNAME
as suitable "local information" for the purposes of step 1 would
also appear to prohibit treating a cached CNAME as suitable "local
information" for step 1.  Since we know that it is common practice to
use cached CNAMES in that way, such a prohibition would be absurd, and
was clearly not intended by the authors of RFC2672.

> Caching servers that do perform such rewrites should be fixed, not
> declared correct by saying that the rewrite "will" happen.

No, if there is any scope for misinterpretation of the algorithm in
RFC2672 section 4.2, the algorithm should be clarified.  Use of DNAMES
for synthesis by caches was always intended to be part of the spec
as I understood it.

--apb (Alan Barrett)

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 12:40:04 2005
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From: Alan Barrett <apb@cequrux.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
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References: <a06200702bea669b6e452@[10.31.32.227]> <200505101520.j4AFKsiu007568@guava.araneus.fi> <a06200703bea68b146d3c@[10.31.32.227]>
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On Tue, 10 May 2005, Edward Lewis wrote:
> Now I am more confused than before.

You described the failure case correctly before.  I agree with you
that the best solution would to prohibit (or at least strongly advise
against) wildcard DNAME records.

--apb (Alan Barrett)

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Date: Tue, 10 May 2005 20:50:43 +0300 (EEST)
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
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Edward Lewis writes:
> >    To preserve the coherency of the DNS, it is important that
> >    caching DNS servers do not themselves perform DNAME rewrites
> >    based on such cached DNAME RRsets.
> 
> What do you mean by "such cached DNAME RRsets?"  Are you referring to 
> DNAME RRsets cached upon receipt having been synthesized by the 
> sender?  How could the recursive server tell them apart?

I have a short answer and a long answer...  The short answer is that
if you follow the algorithm in RFC2672 section 4.2 literally, you will
not do rewrites based on _any_ cached DNAMEs.

The long answer is that in some cases you actually can tell whether
the DNAME could have been synthesized or not, and I don't want to
explicitly outlaw implementations taking advantage of that.
Specifically, a DNAME cached in step 4.d of the algorithm rather than
step 4.a can't be synthetic, and I suspect DNSSEC may allow you to
tell in other cases, too.  But to keep things simple, let's restrict
the discussion to the "short answer" case.

> I was under the assumption that RFC 2672 "directs" caches to do DNAME 
> rewrites...
> 
> In 4.2/step 4.d, this lays the received DNAME in the cache.
> 
>        d. if the response shows a DNAME and that is not the answer
>           itself, cache the DNAME.

No - the caching happens in step 4.a.  The DNAME must be an answer to
the question, because that is the only case where wildcard synthesis
of DNAMEs happens in the authoritative server.

> In 4.2/step 1, a later query sees:
> 
>     A resolver or a server providing recursive service must be modified
>     to treat a DNAME as somewhat analogous to a CNAME.  The resolver
>     algorithm of [DNSCF] section 5.3.3 is modified to renumber step 4.d
>     as 4.e and insert a new 4.d.  The complete algorithm becomes:
> 
>     1. See if the answer is in local information, and if so return it to
>        the client.
> 
> I would interpret this as saying that the DNAME rewrite happens here.

I would not interpret it that way.  The cached DNAME is not "the
answer" - its name does not match the QNAME, and its type does not
match the QTYPE.  The answer simply is not in "local information"
in this case, and we continue to step 2.

> I don't see anywhere that a recursing server has the option to ignore 
> the presence of DNAME RRsets.

It's not a question of ignoring them - it's a question of not looking
for them.  In section 4.2, there is no mention of looking for a DNAME
at the "last node matched" as there is in section 4.1.

> >    If the caches did DNAME rewrites based on the cached DNAMEs,
> >    queries for "sub.a.b.example. A" would be rewritten as "sub.foo.bar.tld. A"
> >    by the former caching server and rewritten as "sub.a.foo.bar.tld. A" by
> >    the latter.  Coherency would be lost, and an operational nightmare
> >    would ensue.
> 
> "If [they] ... did" - I 1) don't see that there's an option not to do 
> so, and 2) if this is an option, is it an implementation weakness/bug 
> to do so?

I don't see that there is an option to _do_ the rewrite, and I would
say that an implementation that does the rewrite has a bug.
-- 
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 14:23:02 2005
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Date: Tue, 10 May 2005 14:20:59 -0400
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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At 20:50 +0300 5/10/05, Andreas Gustafsson wrote:
>Edward Lewis writes:

>>  I would interpret this as saying that the DNAME rewrite happens here.
>
>I would not interpret it that way.  The cached DNAME is not "the

Ahh, the very symptom of a bad specification.  I.e., no "you're 
wrong" but instead an exchange of "would" and "would not" interpret.

>answer" - its name does not match the QNAME, and its type does not
>match the QTYPE.  The answer simply is not in "local information"
>in this case, and we continue to step 2.

I don't want to travel down the path of fixing that RFC now,  I'll move on.

>>  I don't see anywhere that a recursing server has the option to ignore
>>  the presence of DNAME RRsets.
>
>It's not a question of ignoring them - it's a question of not looking
>for them.  In section 4.2, there is no mention of looking for a DNAME
>at the "last node matched" as there is in section 4.1.

Granted.  I understand.  Unlike CNAMEs, which are at the sought name, 
DNAMEs would be sitting higher up in the domain tree.  There's no 
reason a lookup (note, not a search) would have anything but tunnel 
vision for the sought data.

My assumption has been that the intent of the DNAME RFC was to have 
recursing servers modify their "lookup" algorithm to include a 
"search" for the DNAME.  Based on this assumption, I found the idea 
of the DNAME abhorrent (hence the "who hates the DNAME" subject line).

However, my assumption still holds - that it is the intent of the 
DNAME in a cache to "cut off" further queries to the authoritative 
server for the same zone.

Does anyone familiar with the debate back then have an answer to the 
question of "what was the intent?"  I wasn't involved in the work 
then, I was still stuck on DNSSEC-only issues.

>>  > If the caches did DNAME rewrites based on the cached DNAMEs,
>>  > queries for "sub.a.b.example. A" would be rewritten as 
>>"sub.foo.bar.tld. A"
>>  > by the former caching server and rewritten as "sub.a.foo.bar.tld. A" by
>>  > the latter.  Coherency would be lost, and an operational nightmare
>>  > would ensue.
>>
>>  "If [they] ... did" - I 1) don't see that there's an option not to do
>>  so, and 2) if this is an option, is it an implementation weakness/bug
>>  to do so?
>
>I don't see that there is an option to _do_ the rewrite, and I would
>say that an implementation that does the rewrite has a bug.

Hmmmm.  Any other opinions on this?  (I mean other implementers who disagree?)
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 19:56:42 2005
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 10 May 2005 14:20:59 -0400."
             <a06200708bea6a87358cc@[10.31.32.227]> 
Date: Wed, 11 May 2005 08:20:49 +1000
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> However, my assumption still holds - that it is the intent of the 
> DNAME in a cache to "cut off" further queries to the authoritative 
> server for the same zone.
> 
> Does anyone familiar with the debate back then have an answer to the 
> question of "what was the intent?"  I wasn't involved in the work 
> then, I was still stuck on DNSSEC-only issues.

	The intent was to make/let caches synthesis the result.  It is
	also clear from the text as this restriction would not be
	needed otherwise.

      If a DNAME RR is present at a node N, there may be other data at N
      (except a CNAME or another DNAME), but there MUST be no data at
      any descendant of N.  This restriction applies only to records of
      the same class as the DNAME record.

   This rule assures predictable results when a DNAME record is cached
   by a server which is not authoritative for the record's zone.  It
   MUST be enforced when authoritative zone data is loaded.  Together
   with the rules for DNS zone authority [DNSCLR] it implies that DNAME
   and NS records can only coexist at the top of a zone which has only
   one node.

--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 20:11:33 2005
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Date: Tue, 10 May 2005 20:09:24 -0400
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 8:20 +1000 5/11/05, Mark Andrews wrote:
>>  However, my assumption still holds - that it is the intent of the
>>  DNAME in a cache to "cut off" further queries to the authoritative
>>  server for the same zone.
>>
>>  Does anyone familiar with the debate back then have an answer to the
>>  question of "what was the intent?"  I wasn't involved in the work
>>  then, I was still stuck on DNSSEC-only issues.
>
>	The intent was to make/let caches synthesis the result.  It is
>	also clear from the text as this restriction would not be
>	needed otherwise.
>
>       If a DNAME RR is present at a node N, there may be other data at N
>       (except a CNAME or another DNAME), but there MUST be no data at
>       any descendant of N.  This restriction applies only to records of
>       the same class as the DNAME record.
>
>    This rule assures predictable results when a DNAME record is cached
>    by a server which is not authoritative for the record's zone.  It
>    MUST be enforced when authoritative zone data is loaded.  Together
>    with the rules for DNS zone authority [DNSCLR] it implies that DNAME
>    and NS records can only coexist at the top of a zone which has only
>    one node.

But that does not rule out '* DNAME'.  I thought it did for a while, 
that was before Niall's haunting message came back at me for one more 
'boo.'  You see, "*.<anything>" won't ever generate a descendant of 
itself, just certain descendents of <anything>.

But wait, I suppose there is one contorted way in which "this rule" 
does outlaw '* DNAME' and that is because, ahem, let me try some 
algebra...

Let the wild card domain name be "*.A"  Let there be some label, B, 
that is not an immediate descendent of A.  Collarary 1 - there exists 
a label C that does not exist that is a descendent of the B (which 
also does not exist).  Since '*.A DNAME' can synthesize both 'C.B.A. 
DNAME' and 'B.A. DNAME' in violation of "this rule" then "*.A DNAME" 
cannot be allowed unless there are is no way to find two labels below 
A.  (Latter added because a domain name has a fixed upper bound on 
length.)

Eh?

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 20:34:43 2005
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 10 May 2005 20:09:24 -0400."
             <a06200712bea6fb81de9d@[10.31.32.227]> 
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> At 8:20 +1000 5/11/05, Mark Andrews wrote:
> >>  However, my assumption still holds - that it is the intent of the
> >>  DNAME in a cache to "cut off" further queries to the authoritative
> >>  server for the same zone.
> >>
> >>  Does anyone familiar with the debate back then have an answer to the
> >>  question of "what was the intent?"  I wasn't involved in the work
> >>  then, I was still stuck on DNSSEC-only issues.
> >
> >	The intent was to make/let caches synthesis the result.  It is
> >	also clear from the text as this restriction would not be
> >	needed otherwise.
> >
> >       If a DNAME RR is present at a node N, there may be other data at N
> >       (except a CNAME or another DNAME), but there MUST be no data at
> >       any descendant of N.  This restriction applies only to records of
> >       the same class as the DNAME record.
> >
> >    This rule assures predictable results when a DNAME record is cached
> >    by a server which is not authoritative for the record's zone.  It
> >    MUST be enforced when authoritative zone data is loaded.  Together
> >    with the rules for DNS zone authority [DNSCLR] it implies that DNAME
> >    and NS records can only coexist at the top of a zone which has only
> >    one node.
> 
> But that does not rule out '* DNAME'.  I thought it did for a while, 
> that was before Niall's haunting message came back at me for one more 
> 'boo.'  You see, "*.<anything>" won't ever generate a descendant of 
> itself, just certain descendents of <anything>.
> 
> But wait, I suppose there is one contorted way in which "this rule" 
> does outlaw '* DNAME' and that is because, ahem, let me try some 
> algebra...
> 
> Let the wild card domain name be "*.A"  Let there be some label, B, 
> that is not an immediate descendent of A.  Collarary 1 - there exists 
> a label C that does not exist that is a descendent of the B (which 
> also does not exist).  Since '*.A DNAME' can synthesize both 'C.B.A. 
> DNAME' and 'B.A. DNAME' in violation of "this rule" then "*.A DNAME" 
> cannot be allowed unless there are is no way to find two labels below 
> A.  (Latter added because a domain name has a fixed upper bound on 
> length.)
> 
> Eh?

	Why are we argueing about whether "* DNAME" is already prohibited
	or not?  The existing text is obviously not clear enough if it is
	there and we need text to make it explictly clear that "* DNAME"
	is to be rejected at load/update time.  There are also other things
	that need to be addressed when the DS review comes up. (e.g. does
	a DNAME occult data when added via UPDATE in a similar way as NS
	occults data when added via UPDATE. BIND 9 does this but it is
	definitely not clear if this is correct or not though it does fit
	the spirit of the UPDATE spec.  Can the chairs at this question
	to the issue tracker so that it doesn't get lost please.)

	Now you asked a question about intent.  Do you agree that the
	above text makes the intent clear or not.

	Mark
--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 10 22:37:37 2005
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Date: Tue, 10 May 2005 22:32:39 -0400
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 10:30 +1000 5/11/05, Mark Andrews wrote:
>	Why are we argueing about whether "* DNAME" is already prohibited
>	or not?  The existing text is obviously not clear enough if it is
>	there and we need text to make it explictly clear that "* DNAME"
>	is to be rejected at load/update time.  There are also other things
>	that need to be addressed when the DS review comes up. (e.g. does
>	a DNAME occult data when added via UPDATE in a similar way as NS
>	occults data when added via UPDATE. BIND 9 does this but it is
>	definitely not clear if this is correct or not though it does fit
>	the spirit of the UPDATE spec.  Can the chairs at this question
>	to the issue tracker so that it doesn't get lost please.)
>
>	Now you asked a question about intent.  Do you agree that the
>	above text makes the intent clear or not.

Remember that my effort is to edit a wildcard clarifications 
document.  One of the unclear points is what does it mean for a 
wildcard to be a DNAME record.

The need to clarify this empirically demonstrated in the lengthy 
discussions on why '* DNAME' is a bad idea.  Perhaps one or a few 
people have seen this clearly, but apparently the knowledge is not 
widespread.

As to your last sentence, my answer is, well, truthfully, "huh, 
what?"  What are you asking? ;)  I'm not sure what you mean at all, 
in addition to the "or not" part of the sentence.

(The impact of DNAME on UPDATE isn't of concern for the wildcard 
clarify document.)
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed May 11 04:38:49 2005
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To: Alan Barrett <apb@cequrux.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: * DNAME text in wcard
In-Reply-To: <20050510162023.GG9155@apb-laptoy.apb.alt.za>
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Alan Barrett writes:
> Any reading of this algorithm that prohibits treating a cached DNAME
> as suitable "local information" for the purposes of step 1 would
> also appear to prohibit treating a cached CNAME as suitable "local
> information" for step 1.

Good point.  Looks like the use of cached CNAMEs _and_ DNAMEs is
equally underspecified.
-- 
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed May 11 06:36:19 2005
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Date: Wed, 11 May 2005 12:33:11 +0200 (CEST)
From: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
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Subject: rfc4035: missing text on empty-non-terminal proof
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WG,

RFC4035 lacks an example of 'empty non-terminal' (ENT) proof, nor does
section 5.4 (Authenticated Denial of Existence), second bullet handle the
case where a security-aware resolver encounters a NODATA because of ENT.

Since this particular NODATA proof is different then normal NODATA proof,
I've written a small erratum for section 5.4, listed below, and a addendum
to section B.3 and C.3 (respectively labeled: B.3.1 and C.3.1).

Comments are welcome,

Thanks,

Roy







5.4.  Authenticated Denial of Existence

**original text at second bullet:
   o  If the requested RR name would appear after an authenticated NSEC
      RR's owner name and before the name listed in that NSEC RR's Next
      Domain Name field according to the canonical DNS name order
      defined in [RFC4034], then no RRsets with the requested name exist
      in the zone.  However, it is possible that a wildcard could be
      used to match the requested RR owner name and type, so proving
      that the requested RRset does not exist also requires proving that
      no possible wildcard RRset exists that could have been used to
      generate a positive response.

**suggested text for second bullet:

   o  If the requested RR name would appear after an authenticated NSEC
      RR's owner name and before the name listed in that NSEC RR's Next
      Domain Name field according to the canonical DNS name order
      defined in [RFC4034], then no RRsets with the requested name exist
      in the zone.  If the name listed in that NSEC RR's Next Domain
      Name field is a subdomain of the requested RR name, then the
      requested RR name is an empty non-terminal.  Since the requested
      RR name implicitly exists, there is no need to prove the existence
      of a possible wildcard match.  However, if the name listed in that
      NSEC RR's Next Domain Name field is not a subdomain of the
      requested RR name, it is possible that a wildcard could be used to
      match the requested RR owner name and type, so proving that the
      requested RRset does not exist also requires proving that no
      possible wildcard RRset exists that could have been used to
      generate a positive response.


B.3.1.  No Data Error, Empty Non-terminal

   A "no data" response for an empty non-terminal.  The NSEC RR
   proves that the name implicitly exists.  It exists because a
   subdomain exists.

   ;; Header: QR AA DO RCODE=0
   ;;
   ;; Question
   y.w.example.        IN A

   ;; Answer
   ;; (empty)

   ;; Authority
   example.       3600 IN SOA ns1.example. bugs.x.w.example. (
                              1081539377
                              3600
                              300
                              3600000
                              3600
                              )
   example.       3600 RRSIG  SOA 5 1 3600 20040509183619 (
                              20040409183619 38519 example.
                              ONx0k36rcjaxYtcNgq6iQnpNV5+drqYAsC9h
                              7TSJaHCqbhE67Sr6aH2xDUGcqQWu/n0UVzrF
                              vkgO9ebarZ0GWDKcuwlM6eNB5SiX2K74l5LW
                              DA7S/Un/IbtDq4Ay8NMNLQI7Dw7n4p8/rjkB
                              jV7j86HyQgM5e7+miRAz8V01b0I= )
   x.w.example.   3600 NSEC   x.y.w.example. MX RRSIG NSEC
   x.w.example.   3600 RRSIG  NSEC 5 3 3600 20040509183619 (
                              20040409183619 38519 example.
                              aRbpHftxggzgMXdDlym9SsADqMZovZZl2QWK
                              vw8J0tZEUNQByH5Qfnf5N1FqH/pS46UA7A4E
                              mcWBN9PUA1pdPY6RVeaRlZlCr1IkVctvbtaI
                              NJuBba/VHm+pebTbKcAPIvL9tBOoh+to1h6e
                              IjgiM8PXkBQtxPq37wDKALkyn7Q= )

   ;; Additional
   ;; (empty)

C.3.1.  No Data Error, Empty Non-terminal

   The query in Appendix B.3.1 returned an NSEC RR that proves that the
   requested name implicitly exists.  The value of the Next Owner Name
   of the NSEC is a subdomain of the QNAME.  The negative reply is
   authenticated by verifying the NSEC RR.  The NSEC RR is authenticated
   in a manner identical to that of the MX RRset discussed above.  Since
   the NSEC record proves the existence of the requested name, there is
   no need to prove existence of a wildcard RR.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed May 11 15:52:48 2005
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: The Role of Wildcards in the Domain Name System
	Author(s)	: E. Lewis
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
	Pages		: 0
	Date		: 2005-5-11
	
This is an update to the wildcard definition of RFC 1034.  The
   interaction with wildcards and CNAME is changed, an error
   condition removed, and the words defining some concepts central to
   wildcards are changed.  The overall goal is not to change wildcards,
   but to refine the definition of RFC 1034.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed May 11 16:14:18 2005
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At 15:48 -0400 5/11/05, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:

>	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt

>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt

The substantial differences are in section 4 (NS, DNAME, etc.).
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 12 05:51:06 2005
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From: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, ed.lewis@neustar.biz
Subject: Re: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
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On Wed, 11 May 2005 16:12:11 -0400
Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:

> At 15:48 -0400 5/11/05, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
> 
> >	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
> 
> >http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
> 
> The substantial differences are in section 4 (NS, DNAME, etc.).


Also see:
    http://tools.ietf.org/wg/dnsext/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify/
which provides a very nice interface for tracking the changes.


-- Olaf


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 12 09:11:26 2005
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Date: Thu, 12 May 2005 09:07:43 -0400
To: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
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At 11:45 +0200 5/12/05, Olaf M. Kolkman wrote:
>On Wed, 11 May 2005 16:12:11 -0400
>Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
>
>>  At 15:48 -0400 5/11/05, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>>
>>  >	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
>>
>>  >http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
>>
>>  The substantial differences are in section 4 (NS, DNAME, etc.).
>
>
>Also see:
>     http://tools.ietf.org/wg/dnsext/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify/
>which provides a very nice interface for tracking the changes.

Looks like I need to word wrap it again...the next edition will be 
only changes to that.

(I thought the word wrap was 78 chars.  Some tool told me 72 and I 
trimmed to that.  Now this tool tells me some lines are 1 byte too 
long.)

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 12 09:11:44 2005
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Date: Thu, 12 May 2005 13:08:00 +0000
From: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
To: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
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References: <200505111948.PAA13606@ietf.org> <a0620071ebea816ea6f98@[10.31.32.227]> <20050512114521.2f6d8f1b.olaf@ripe.net>
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for some reason, when i ask the ietf site for this doc, it claims it does
not yet exist or has expired.  :(

--bill

On Thu, May 12, 2005 at 11:45:21AM +0200, Olaf M. Kolkman wrote:
> On Wed, 11 May 2005 16:12:11 -0400
> Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
> 
> > At 15:48 -0400 5/11/05, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
> > 
> > >	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
> > 
> > >http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
> > 
> > The substantial differences are in section 4 (NS, DNAME, etc.).
> 
> 
> Also see:
>     http://tools.ietf.org/wg/dnsext/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify/
> which provides a very nice interface for tracking the changes.
> 
> 
> -- Olaf
> 
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 12 09:27:41 2005
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 <20050512130800.GA1901@vacation.karoshi.com.>
Date: Thu, 12 May 2005 09:25:40 -0400
To: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
Cc: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>,
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me too.

I went to ftp.ietf.org via an olde-tyme ftp client, "cd 
internet-drafts" and did an mget on "*wcard*6*" and it was there.

At 13:08 +0000 5/12/05, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:
>for some reason, when i ask the ietf site for this doc, it claims it does
>not yet exist or has expired.  :(
>
>--bill
>
>On Thu, May 12, 2005 at 11:45:21AM +0200, Olaf M. Kolkman wrote:
>>  On Wed, 11 May 2005 16:12:11 -0400
>>  Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
>>
>>  > At 15:48 -0400 5/11/05, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>>  >
>>  > >	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
>>  >
>>  > >http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
>>  >
>>  > The substantial differences are in section 4 (NS, DNAME, etc.).
>>
>>
>>  Also see:
>>      http://tools.ietf.org/wg/dnsext/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify/
>>  which provides a very nice interface for tracking the changes.
>>
>>
>>  -- Olaf
>>
>>
>>  --
>>  to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
>>  the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
>>  archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
>
>--
>to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
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-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 12 16:06:23 2005
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Clarifications and Implementation Notes for DNSSECbis
	Author(s)	: S. Weiler
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-00.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 2005-5-12
	
This document is a collection of minor technical clarifications to
   the DNSSECbis document set.  It is meant to serve as a resource to
   implementors as well as an interim repository of possible DNSSECbis
   errata.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-00.txt

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 12 16:14:09 2005
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Subject: Re: rfc4035: missing text on empty-non-terminal proof
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> Since this particular NODATA proof is different then normal NODATA proof,
> I've written a small erratum for section 5.4, listed below, and a addendum
> to section B.3 and C.3 (respectively labeled: B.3.1 and C.3.1).

As a purely editorial matter, I've been trying to describe and fix the
deficiencies of the bis docs without actually rewriting them in place.

Being as this is the second issue with the non-existence proof
section, though, I'm wondering if something more invasive may be
needed in this case.  The other issue is documented in Section 6 of
dnssec-bis-updates-00 (you can see the discussion that led to this in
the namedroppers archives from March 9-10) -- I'd be delighted to have
specific suggestions as to how present both of these most clearly.

Here's the text:

   6.  Clarifications on Non-Existence Proofs

   RFC4035 Section 5.4 slightly underspecifies the algorithm for
   checking non-existence proofs.  In particular, the algorithm there
   might incorrectly allow the NSEC from the parent side of a zone cut
   to prove the non-existence of either other RRs at that name in the
   child zone or other names in the child zone.

   A parent-side delegation NSEC (one with the NS bit set, but no SOA
   bit set, and with a singer field that's shorter than the owner name)
   must not be used to assume non-existence of any RRs below that zone
   cut (both RRs at that ownername and at ownernames with more leading
   labels, no matter their content).

-- Sam

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Minimally Covering NSEC Records and DNSSEC On-line Signing
	Author(s)	: S. Weiler, J. Ihren
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-online-signing-00.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 2005-5-12
	
This document describes how to construct DNSSEC NSEC resource records
   that cover a smaller range of names than called for by RFC4034.  By
   generating and signing these records on demand, authoritative name
   servers can effectively stop the disclosure of zone contents
   otherwise made possible by walking the chain of NSEC records in a
   signed zone.

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This document has four new sections, starting with Section 6.
Comments on the completeness and correctness of these new sections
would be especially welcome.  As always, proposed text is much
appreciated.  The new sections are:

-- A clarification to the non-existence proof algorithm, based on the
   namedroppers discussion started by Roy Badami on March 9th.
-- An error in the algorithm 1 key tag specification, found by
   Abhijit Hayatnagakar.
-- A caution about the limits of local policy when multiple RRSIGs are
   present, inspired by Ron Aitchison.
-- Corrections to the examples, provided by Roy Arends.

In -01, I'm going to try to restructure the document to be more
useful.  Suggestions would be welcome.

-- Sam

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon May 16 11:31:09 2005
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
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Subject: dlv paper published in IEICE Transactions
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in <http://ietcom.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/E88-B/4/1326> we see:

---

IEICE Transactions on Communications 2005 E88-B(4):1326-1330;
doi:10.1093/ietcom/e88-b.4.1326=20

Copyright =A9 2005 The Institute of Electronics, Information and
Communication Engineers=20

Special Section on Internet Technology V -- Papers

Preventing Child Neglect in DNSSECbis Using Lookaside Validation (DLV)*=20

Paul VIXIE (1)

 1 The author is with Internet Systems Consortium, Redwood City, CA
 94063-3110, USA. E-mail: vixie@isc.org=20

 The DNSSECbis data model has key introduction follow the delegation
 chain, thus requiring a zone's parent to become secure before a zone
 itself can be secured. Ultimately this leads to non-deployability since
 the root zone will probably not be secured any time soon. We describe
 an early deployment aid for DNSSECbis whereby key introduction can be
 done via cooperating third parties.=20

 Key Words: DNS, domain name system, DNS security, DNSSEC, secure DNS,
 Internet

 Manuscript received October 5, 2004.=20=20
=20
 * This work was supported by Keio University.

---

i regret that while this paper describes sam weiler's contributions (among
others including david conrad, johan ihren, mark kosters, and others), it
fails to cite sam's prior published work in this area, which was:

      S. Weiler, "Deploying DNSSEC Without a Signed Root", Technical
      report 1999-19, Information Networking Institute, Carnegie Mellon
      University, April 2004.

i suppose there's no harm in publishing the draft isc technote on dlv, now.

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: The Role of Wildcards in the Domain Name System
	Author(s)	: E. Lewis
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-07.txt
	Pages		: 0
	Date		: 2005-5-16
	
This is an update to the wildcard definition of RFC 1034.  The
    interaction with wildcards and CNAME is changed, an error
    condition removed, and the words defining some concepts central
    to wildcards are changed.  The overall goal is not to change
    wildcards, but to refine the definition of RFC 1034.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 17 16:09:07 2005
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Olaf M. Kolkman wrote:
> On Wed, 11 May 2005 16:12:11 -0400
> Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
> 
> 
>>At 15:48 -0400 5/11/05, Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:
>>
>>
>>>	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
>>
>>>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify-06.txt
>>
>>The substantial differences are in section 4 (NS, DNAME, etc.).
> 
> 
> 
> Also see:
>     http://tools.ietf.org/wg/dnsext/draft-ietf-dnsext-wcard-clarify/
> which provides a very nice interface for tracking the changes.

Anyone who hasn't discovered wdiff needs to :-)

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed May 18 10:34:28 2005
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I finally had a chance to read over the draft, and it seems like the start
of a good catch-all of some grey areas and mistakes in the DNSSECbis docs.

One question on section 2 (last paragraph):  Shouldn't it be the validator
discarding DS RR's with unknown algorithms?  Minor terminology bit of
seperation of functions (resolver/validator).

Scott

> -----Original Message-----
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> ACTION:draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-00.txt
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> Warning: This message has had one or more attachments removed
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> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line
> Internet-Drafts directories.
> This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.
>
> 	Title		: Clarifications and Implementation Notes
> for DNSSECbis
> 	Author(s)	: S. Weiler
> 	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-00.txt
> 	Pages		: 10
> 	Date		: 2005-5-12
>
> This document is a collection of minor technical clarifications to
>    the DNSSECbis document set.  It is meant to serve as a resource to
>    implementors as well as an interim repository of possible DNSSECbis
>    errata.
>
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-u
> pdates-00.txt
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed May 18 13:09:49 2005
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Date: Wed, 18 May 2005 11:32:39 -0500
From: Rick Mesta <Ricardo.Mesta@sun.com>
To: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Spencer.Shepler@sun.com, beepy@netapp.com,
        ogud@ogud.com, okolkman@ripe.net, Rick Mesta <Ricardo.Mesta@sun.com>,
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Subject: Re: draft-mesta-nfs4id-dns-rr-01
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[ Moderators note: This post needed manual approval.

   Either it was posted by a non-subscribed address, or the posting
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	Hi Olaf,

	 And thx for posting to the alias =:),

	<in-lined comments below...>

On Mon, May 09, 2005 at 03:02:00PM +0200, Olaf M. Kolkman wrote:
| 
| 
| Dear colleagues,
| 
| 
| Rick Mesta has recently posted the following I-D:
|  A DNS RR for NFSv4 ID Domains
|  draft-mesta-nfs4id-dns-rr-01
| 
| The document would benefit from some review by the DNS community.
| 
| I've had some private communication with the editor and one of the issues
| that came up during the conversation was that the NFS client is supposed
| to know its "default domain".
| 
| (The "default domain" being what e.g. the res_init() function would
| return).
| 
| AFAIK the "default domain" is not something that is part of the DNS
| specs but I am afraid I am overlooking something. What would be a
| proper specification or reference for the "default domain"?

	In case there is no bonafide DNS specification DNS for a
	"default domain", I wonder if having "default domain" be
	loosely defined as being an Operating Environment artifact
	(e.g. the configured /etc/resolv.conf domain, for UNIX type
	systems) would be good enough for a specification.

	Thoughts ?

		rick
| 
| Please try to CC the list on issues that are within scope and try to
| keep out-of-scope issues off list.
| 
| Thanks a lot.
| 
| -- Olaf
| 
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> One question on section 2 (last paragraph):  Shouldn't it be the validator
> discarding DS RR's with unknown algorithms?  Minor terminology bit of
> seperation of functions (resolver/validator).

Probably so.  I'll make that change.

As before, suggestions about what to do with the validation algorithm
discussion would be most welcome -- see Roy's message with Subject:
"rfc4035: missing text on empty-non-terminal proof" and my follow-up.

-- Sam

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It occurred to me that is isn't totally obvious how a DNSSEC validator 
should validate a (non rcode=3) response to a qtype=* (or qtype=ANY, if 
you will) query.

I can think of 2 approaches:

1. Verify any answer section rrsets (that match qname+qclass, that is). 
     If there are no answer section rrsets, validate via a authority 
section NSEC that qname is, in fact, an empty-non-terminal.  Validate 
the authority section as normal.

2. Don't validate it at all, don't set the AD bit.

Opinions?  #1 makes the most sense to me, but I see an appeal in #2 
(less work, what is the qtype=* query used for anyway?).

Does this need additional clarification?  I'm thinking that this sort of 
thing might go into Sam's bis-updates document, but it could've been 
obvious to everyone else.

-- 
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Applied Research

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: RFC 3597 Interoperability Report
	Author(s)	: J. Schlyter
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-interop3597-02.txt
	Pages		: 6
	Date		: 2005-5-19
	
This memo documents the result from the RFC 3597 (Handling of Unknown
    DNS Resource Record Types) interoperability testing.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-interop3597-02.txt

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 19 16:03:58 2005
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To: David Blacka <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: validating a qtype=* response
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I'm going to top-post this since it's a general opinion.

 From what I see, the AD bit is set when the sender thinks all data in 
the Answer and Authority sections are authentic.  I didn't see any 
mention of relevant.  I also didn't see any mention of "complete."

On the receiver side, the AD bit is only of value if the channel 
between the receiver and the sender is secure - TSIG'd, IPSEC'd, 
guns&dogs around the facility.  The protocol elements can't "know" if 
the channel is secure though, so you can't programatically code that 
assumption in.

IMHO, if a record set is not germane to the query, then the response 
message is suspect.  For all queries other than qtype=* you can tell 
if the response message is complete (with DNSSEC).

You might think that, with the NSEC record you can tell - but no, not 
really.  The qtype=* isn't qtype=ALL, it's qtype=ANY.  If you ask a 
"cache" there is no requirement it go find the other records. 
(Especially if it doesn't offer to do  recursion for you.)  IOW, if 
the cache excludes a certain RRSet listed in the NSEC record (or even 
the NSEC), the cache might not be lying.

I would take option #1 - but I don't get the empty non-terminal bit. 
There's no law stating that a query can't be made for an empty 
non-terminal's "any" records.  Is it possible that a non-empty 
non-terminal's descendent may have been the object of a previous 
query and so the cache may have "constructed" a tree including the 
now queried-for-name?  (Maybe a dumb question.)

At 14:55 -0400 5/19/05, David Blacka wrote:
>It occurred to me that is isn't totally obvious how a DNSSEC validator should
>validate a (non rcode=3) response to a qtype=* (or qtype=ANY, if you will)
>query.
>
>I can think of 2 approaches:
>
>1. Verify any answer section rrsets (that match qname+qclass, that is).     If
>there are no answer section rrsets, validate via a authority section NSEC that
>qname is, in fact, an empty-non-terminal.  Validate the authority section as
>normal.
>
>2. Don't validate it at all, don't set the AD bit.
>
>Opinions?  #1 makes the most sense to me, but I see an appeal in #2 (less
>work, what is the qtype=* query used for anyway?).
>
>Does this need additional clarification?  I'm thinking that this sort of
>thing might go into Sam's bis-updates document, but it could've been obvious
>to everyone else.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 19 16:42:05 2005
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Edward Lewis wrote:

> I would take option #1 - but I don't get the empty non-terminal bit. 
> There's no law stating that a query can't be made for an empty 
> non-terminal's "any" records.  

My thinking was that if a NODATA response comes back from a qtype=* 
query, then either qname is a ENT or the server should have recursed 
(and found rrsets), but this could be wrong.  Does qtype=* imply no 
recursion?

Should a NODATA response also be accepted as valid, then?

-- 
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Applied Research

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu May 19 17:08:59 2005
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At 16:39 -0400 5/19/05, David Blacka wrote:
>Edward Lewis wrote:
>
>>  I would take option #1 - but I don't get the empty non-terminal bit. There's
>>no law stating that a query can't be made for an empty non-terminal's "any"
>>records.
>
>My thinking was that if a NODATA response comes back from a qtype=* query,
>then either qname is a ENT or the server should have recursed (and found
>rrsets), but this could be wrong.  Does qtype=* imply no recursion?

Answering the last question - no.   What I was referring to can be seen by:

     dig chia.arin.net any @f.gtld-servers.net

I offer this a cache that isn't willing to go look for you, but is 
happy to tell you what it already knows.  You'll see the A record for 
chia.arin.net in the answer, but not the AAAA it owns.

>Should a NODATA response also be accepted as valid, then?

Let's say this is in the zone (meaning, if I asked an auth server):

$ORIGIN example.

...

label-a          A  127.0.0.1
label-a        TXT  "A non-empty non-terminal"
label1.label-a   A  127.0.0.1
label2.label-a   A  127.0.0.1

-----end of the zone data

Assume there's a caching/recursive server I am using and issue these 
queries against it (right after start up):

dig label1.label-a  A
dig label2.label-a  A
dig label-a ANY

...I would expect that either the cache recurses as it hasn't seen 
data for label-a before OR the cache returns NODATA as it knows the 
name exists but has no data for it.

The latter option might be the only one for unwilling-to-recurse caches.

dig label-a A

...I would expect recursion to kick in, getting the A and returning it

dig label-a ANY

...returns the cached A record.  (Assuming TTL is long enough.)

dig label-a TXT

...gets and returns the TXT record

dig label-a ANY

...returns the cached TXT and A record.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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From PaulaNieves@crucibles.com  Fri May 20 00:52:09 2005
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From: "Vicki Rangel" <PaulaNieves@crucibles.com>
Reply-To: "Vicki Rangel" <PaulaNieves@crucibles.com>
To: dnsext-archive@ietf.org
Subject: 0nline software, Download AutoCAD, XP Pro & others Instantly
Date: Fri, 20 May 2005 03:45:42 -0200
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<html><head><style type=3Dtext/css>.eyebrow { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE=
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> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:=
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tures:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dtiny><font si=
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 <b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny=
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 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-rev=
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Date: Fri, 20 May 2005 08:52:31 -0400
From: Matt Larson <mlarson@verisign.com>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: David Blacka <davidb@verisignlabs.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Glue (was Re: validating a qtype=* response)
Message-ID: <20050520125231.GE17267@chinook.corpit.vrsn.com>
References: <428CE13A.4070503@verisignlabs.com> <a06200700beb29d5410f6@[192.168.1.101]> <428CF96B.4090806@verisignlabs.com> <a06200701beb2ad1bc3b0@[192.168.1.101]>
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(Taking us off topic for this thread...),

On Thu, 19 May 2005, Edward Lewis wrote:
> At 16:39 -0400 5/19/05, David Blacka wrote:
> >Does qtype=* imply no recursion?
> 
> Answering the last question - no.   What I was referring to can be seen by:
> 
>     dig chia.arin.net any @f.gtld-servers.net
> 
> I offer this a cache that isn't willing to go look for you, but is 
> happy to tell you what it already knows.  You'll see the A record for 
> chia.arin.net in the answer, but not the AAAA it owns.

The situation you describe regarding a cache's behavior is valid, but
that isn't what's happening here: f.gtld-servers.net is an
authoritative-only name server with no iterative resolver component
and therefore no cache.  The A record for chia.arin.net is present
because it's glue (for the arin.net zone and perhaps others).  ARIN
could register an AAAA record for chia.arin.net as glue through its
registrar and then that record would be returned, too.

Matt
--
Matt Larson <mlarson@verisign.com>
VeriSign Naming and Directory Services


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri May 20 10:20:20 2005
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Date: Fri, 20 May 2005 10:10:02 -0400
To: Matt Larson <mlarson@verisign.com>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Glue (was Re: validating a qtype=* response)
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>,
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At 8:52 -0400 5/20/05, Matt Larson wrote:

>The situation you describe regarding a cache's behavior is valid, but
>that isn't what's happening here: f.gtld-servers.net is an
>authoritative-only name server with no iterative resolver component
>and therefore no cache.  The A record for chia.arin.net is present
>because it's glue (for the arin.net zone and perhaps others).  ARIN
>could register an AAAA record for chia.arin.net as glue through its
>registrar and then that record would be returned, too.

Exactly.  I'm using it as an example of a cache not fetching (and not 
required to fetch) the other data sets because of a qtype=* query. 
I.e., the fact that the AAAA record is "omitted" is not a security 
issue, it's an artifact of the protocol.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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    <td width=3D"1%" height=3D"231"><p><b><font face=3D"Lucida Sans Typewr=
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<p>&nbsp;</p>

</body>

</html>

----L0hT06F1mrEuUS4a--


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri May 20 16:30:38 2005
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From: wayne <wayne@schlitt.net>
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fyi;

There is a new I-D for the SPF email anti-forgery system available for
review.  This draft tries to document the current practices of the
~1,000,000[1] published SPF records and ~10,000[1] deployed SPF
systems that are checking 20-100million emails per day.

See: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-schlitt-spf-classic-01.txt

Discussions about this, and previous, drafts have been taking place on
the spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com mailing list.  To subscribe or read
the archives, see http://spf.pobox.com/mailinglist.html

While I have been reading this mailing list for many months and will
note any comments posted here, sending email to the spf-discuss list
or to me personally is probably better than flooding this list.


I realize that the whole subject of SPF (and similar systems) has a
certain amount of controversy to it, but for the purposes of this
draft, I am very reluctant to try debate these issues.  The goal is to
document a de-facto standard.  Debates about better techniques, why
SPF is evil, etc. are probably best discussed on things like the IRTF
ASRG list, SPAM-L, the NANAE newsgroup, or on spf-discuss on a
separate thread/subject.


While SPF mostly deals with the [2]821 SMTP level, it also relies
heavily on DNS to communicate between the domain owner, and the email
receiver.  This I-D also makes provisions to create a new RR that is
just a clone of the TXT RR type.  We had a lively discussion here a
few months ago when the -00 draft was reviewed.  I hope people will
read the I-D over and again give me feedback.


My intention is that after a two week review, I will make a "final"
revised draft and ask the IESG to consider it for a Proposed Standard
status. 



-wayne


[1] These numbers are estimates as of earlier this year.  They were
pretty solid back then, and have probably grown since.  I have data
to back them up and they are almost certainly underestimating the real
numbers.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri May 20 16:49:45 2005
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From: Simon Josefsson <jas@extundo.com>
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Dear WG,

I am about to submit -02.  The changes are those discussed in:

http://article.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.dnsext/6939
http://article.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.dnsext/7024

which has resulted in the following diff so far:

http://josefsson.org/rfc2538bis/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2538bis-from--01.diff.html

You can review the new document from:

http://josefsson.org/rfc2538bis/

Or directly as:

http://josefsson.org/rfc2538bis/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2538bis.txt

The text for the SPKI type now reads:

   The SPKI type is reserved to indicate the SPKI certificate format
   [13], for use when the SPKI documents are moved from experimental
   status.

Is there a better way to say that?  What?  The problem is that the
SPKI spec is on the experimental track, so we can't reference it
normatively.  I have not seen any interest in SPKI support for CERT
records, though, so reserving the type until SPKI hit the full
standards track was what I thought was simplest.  Please comment.

The IANA considerations section include the text proposed by Sam.

I like for people to review whether the changes properly address the
open issues.  I'm not entirely certain the IANA part is closed by
this; Sam, can you confirm one way or the other?

I intend to submit -02 within a week.

Thanks,
Simon

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri May 20 17:18:35 2005
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fyi;

There is a new I-D for the SPF email anti-forgery system available for
review.  This draft tries to document the current practices of the
~1,000,000[1] published SPF records and ~10,000[1] deployed SPF
systems that are checking 20-100million emails per day.

See: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-schlitt-spf-classic-01.txt

Discussions about this, and previous, drafts have been taking place on
the spf-discuss@v2.listbox.com mailing list.  To subscribe or read
the archives, see http://spf.pobox.com/mailinglist.html

While I have been reading this mailing list for many months and will
note any comments posted here, sending email to the spf-discuss list
or to me personally is probably better than flooding this list.


I realize that the whole subject of SPF (and similar systems) has a
certain amount of controversy to it, but for the purposes of this
draft, I am very reluctant to try debate these issues.  The goal is to
document a de-facto standard.  Debates about better techniques, why
SPF is evil, etc. are probably best discussed on things like the IRTF
ASRG list, SPAM-L, the NANAE newsgroup, or on spf-discuss on a
separate thread/subject.


While SPF mostly deals with the [2]821 SMTP level, it also relies
heavily on DNS to communicate between the domain owner, and the email
receiver.  This I-D also makes provisions to create a new RR that is
just a clone of the TXT RR type.


My intention is that after a two week review, I will make a "final"
revised draft and ask the IESG to consider it for a Proposed Standard
status. 



-wayne


[1] These numbers are estimates as of earlier this year.  They were
pretty solid back then, and have probably grown since.  I have data
to back them up and they are almost certainly underestimating the real
numbers.


--
to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
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From JennyWesley@approvedproducts.co.uk  Sat May 21 08:07:43 2005
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From MariaDaley@biguanide.net  Sat May 21 12:41:09 2005
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun May 22 07:50:14 2005
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From: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
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Subject: draft-ietf-dnsext-bis-updates-0: DNAME
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Please note that section 6 "clarification on Non-Existence Proofs" does
not handle DNAME.

i.e.

b.example DNAME other
b.example NSEC c.example DNAME NSEC RRSIG

It is trivial to construct a negative response for qname=a.b.example using
the "b.example NSEC c.example" which is (falsely) used to prove
non-existence of a.b.example. Therefor, the algorithm must have a clause
where it checks for DNAME.

Regards,

Roy

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% bgColor=3D#eeeecc><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D2 width=3D153 bor=
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ce Pro 2003</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8=
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face=3DVerdana size=3D1>3</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
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uite Premium</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D=
8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>4</font></td><td width=3D129><a href=3Dhtt=
p://%25RND_URL/?b> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>Norton An=
tivirus 2005</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D=
8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>5</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3D=
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Verdana size=3D1>7</font></td><td width=3D129><a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?N> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>Adobe Acrobat=
 7.0</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font =
face=3DVerdana size=3D1>8</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
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ver</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font f=
ace=3DVerdana size=3D1>9</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,=
arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?4>Alias Maya 6 Wave=
frt</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font f=
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1><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>See more by this m=
anufacturer</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td wi=
dth=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica s=
ize=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?v>Microsoft</a></font></td></tr><tr>=
<td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font f=
ace=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?S>A</=
a></font><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?Z><font face=3Dverdana,arial,helveti=
ca size=3D1>pple Software</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td=
><td colSpan=3D2 width=3D141><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana =
size=3D1>Customers also bought</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D=
4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdan=
a,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?2>these other ite=
ms...</a></font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td=
></tr></table><p></p><br><p><br></p><p></p><p></p></td><td vAlign=3Dtop al=
ign=3Dleft width=3D522><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Office Professional Editi=
on *2003*</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?M>Micro=
soft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/prom=
otions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table=
 border=3D0><tr><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dt=
op noWrap><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a hre=
f=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?p><select name=3Dedit1> <option selected>See Other =
Options</option> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?c><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.co=
m/images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 n=
ame=3Dsubmit.display-variation width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></tabl=
e></td></tr></table> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?S> <img height=3D190 src=
=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B0000AZJVC.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D=
158 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall><ta=
ble cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D21 width=3D189><tr=
><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D7=
3> <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmal=
l height=3D18 width=3D105><span class=3Dlistprice>$899.00</span></td></tr>=
<tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D=
73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall he=
ight=3D18 width=3D105><b class=3Dprice>$69.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3D=
small vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save=
:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 widt=
h=3D105><span class=3Dprice>$830.01 (92%)</span></td></tr></table><br> <a =
href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?l> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.=
com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D=
23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <=
b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><=
br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?P>System requirements=
</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?1>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&=
nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?c>Other Versions</a><p></p><p><b><font =
size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Ds=
mall><font size=3D1>Analyze and manage business information using Access d=
atabases </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Exchange data with =
other systems using enhanced XML technology </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall=
><font size=3D1>Control information sharing rules with enhanced IRM techno=
logy </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Easy-to-use wizards to =
create e-mail newsletters and printed marketing materials </font></li> <li=
 class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>More than 20 preformatted business reports <=
/font></li></ul> </span><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #1<br> <b cl=
ass=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>D=
ate Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>A=
verage Customer Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3D=
http://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/st=
ars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 1,768 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp:=
//%25RND_URL/?k>Write a review</a>. </font><br clear=3Dall> <hr noShade SI=
ZE=3D1><table border=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-c=
ollapse: collapse" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber1 hei=
ght=3D233><tr><td width=3D100% height=3D233><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Wind=
ows XP Professional or Longhorn Edition</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a hre=
f=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?O>Microsoft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-imag=
es.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82=
 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0 width=3D222><tr><td noWrap width=
=3D59><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap width=3D166=
><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp:=
//%25RND_URL/?h><select name=3DD1> <option selected>See Other Options</opt=
ion> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?M><in=
put type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/sea=
rch-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 width=3D=
21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp:/=
/%25RND_URL/?F> <img height=3D201 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/=
B00005MOTH.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg width=3D160 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod=
_image hspace=3D5></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 cell=
Padding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D19 width=3D184><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlig=
n=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></t=
d><td height=3D18 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D10=
1><span class=3Dlistprice>$279.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vA=
lign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td>=
<td height=3D18 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101>=
<b class=3Dprice>$49.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop no=
Wrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td height=3D=
1 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 width=3D101><span class=3Dp=
rice>$229.01 (85%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?X> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/0=
1/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br=
> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:=
</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span clas=
s=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?A>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&n=
bsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?B>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3D=
http://%25RND_URL/?R>Other Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Fea=
tures:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dtiny><font si=
ze=3D1>Designed for businesses of all sizes </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall=
><font size=3D1>Manage digital pictures, music, video, DVDs, and more </fo=
nt></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>More security with the ability t=
o encrypt files and folders </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>=
Built-in voice, video, and instant messaging support </font></li> <li clas=
s=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Integration with Windows servers and management s=
olutions </font></li></ul><p><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #2<br> =
<b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International/US or via instant download<br>=
 <b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny=
><b>Average Customer Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars"=
 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-rev=
iews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 868 reviews. <a href=3D=
http://%25RND_URL/?k>Write a review</a>.</font></p> </span><hr noShade SIZ=
E=3D1><table border=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-co=
llapse: collapse" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber2 heig=
ht=3D337><tr><td width=3D100% height=3D337><b class=3Dsans>Adobe Photoshop=
 CS2 V 9.0</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?4>Adob=
e</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promoti=
ons/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table bo=
rder=3D0><tr><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop =
noWrap><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3D=
http://%25RND_URL/?4> <select name=3DD2> <option selected>See Other Option=
s</option> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?w><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.co=
m/images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 n=
ame=3DI1 width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p=
><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?t> <img height=3D181 src=3Dhttp://images.ama=
zon.com/images/P/B0008GM97I.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D193 align=3Dleft b=
order=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacin=
g=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D44 width=3D190><tr><td class=3Ds=
mall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Pri=
ce:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 =
width=3D104> <span class=3Dlistprice>$599.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=
=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Pric=
e:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 w=
idth=3D104><b class=3Dprice>$69.99 </b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAl=
ign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D8 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td=
><td height=3D8 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D8 width=3D104><=
span class=3Dprice>$529.01 (90%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp=
://%25RND_URL/?L> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/=
G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br>=
<br> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Co=
de:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span c=
lass=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?C>System requirements</a>&nbsp; =
|&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?N>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a hr=
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</tr></table></body></html>

----3aBO4bqTJjAXwoXJLPlx--


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Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 18:12:16 -0400 (EDT)
From: Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com>
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To: Simon Josefsson <jas@extundo.com>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: rfc2538bis IANA considerations
In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.55.0503221649150.23573@filbert>
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.55.0505231803380.1813@filbert>
References: <6.1.2.0.2.20041011160917.070d8ec0@localhost> <20041012080533.GA17012@nic.fr>
 <6.1.2.0.2.20041012100511.0766efd0@localhost> <Pine.LNX.4.60.0410122203200.7318@localhost.localdomain>
 <Pine.GSO.4.55.0411041546200.16737@filbert> <Pine.GSO.4.55.0411042242340.27766@filbert>
 <iluzn1we2it.fsf@latte.josefsson.org> <Pine.GSO.4.55.0411051429350.8454@filbert>
 <Pine.GSO.4.55.0501271640530.24102@filbert> <iluy8e6sg5g.fsf@latte.josefsson.org>
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> I'm not entirely certain the IANA part is closed by
> this; Sam, can you confirm one way or the other?

The new text resolves one issue (cleaning up the documentation), but
still leaves the below questions unanswered.  Unless the WG breaks its
resounding silence on them, I propose that we pretend to be ostriches,
stick our heads in the sand, and leave this for another generation to
sort out.

-- Sam

On Tue, 22 Mar 2005, Samuel Weiler wrote:

> I think there are two remaining open questions related to the CERT RR
> and the DNSSEC algorithm number registry.  Any input?  Do we want to
> allow CERT RRs to contain ALL algorithm types specified in this
> registry, or do we want to add another applicability list?
>
> > > -- Can CERTs use private algorithms (type 253/254)?  If so, do you
> > >    still want to use the same encoding as for KEY/DNSKEY, with the
> > >    algorithm in the RDATA?  Some explicit mention of the private
> > >    algorithms might be a good idea, in any case.  Also note David
> > >    Blacka's DNSSEC experiment draft, which encourages use of
> > >    the private algorithms.
> >
> > I have no idea how to address this, nor can I answer the question.  I
> > hope that others will give input on this.
> >
> > > -- Given that 3755 added applicablility columns to the algorithm
> > >    registry (see the registry itself and 3755 for details), do you
> > >    want another column for CERT, along with a requirement that new
> > >    algorithm definitions say whether they can be used for CERTs or
> > >    not?
> >
> > It seem to require some work for new algorithm definers.  My
> > experience is that the key tag and algorithm fields of CERT RRs are
> > rarely useful, nor consistently populated.  So the additional work
> > will lead to little practical advantage, in my opinion.  That would
> > suggest we shouldn't worry about this.
> >
> > However, this seem to be more of a process issue, than a technical
> > concern, so I'd be interested to hear what others feel.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon May 23 18:29:54 2005
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From: Simon Josefsson <jas@extundo.com>
To: Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: rfc2538bis IANA considerations
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Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com> writes:

>> I'm not entirely certain the IANA part is closed by
>> this; Sam, can you confirm one way or the other?
>
> The new text resolves one issue (cleaning up the documentation), but
> still leaves the below questions unanswered.  Unless the WG breaks its
> resounding silence on them, I propose that we pretend to be ostriches,
> stick our heads in the sand, and leave this for another generation to
> sort out.

That would work for me.

My impression is that these parts have little practical purpose today
anyway.

I have submitted the draft, if there are further comments about this
from the WG, I can update it.

Thanks,
Simon

> -- Sam
>
> On Tue, 22 Mar 2005, Samuel Weiler wrote:
>
>> I think there are two remaining open questions related to the CERT RR
>> and the DNSSEC algorithm number registry.  Any input?  Do we want to
>> allow CERT RRs to contain ALL algorithm types specified in this
>> registry, or do we want to add another applicability list?
>>
>> > > -- Can CERTs use private algorithms (type 253/254)?  If so, do you
>> > >    still want to use the same encoding as for KEY/DNSKEY, with the
>> > >    algorithm in the RDATA?  Some explicit mention of the private
>> > >    algorithms might be a good idea, in any case.  Also note David
>> > >    Blacka's DNSSEC experiment draft, which encourages use of
>> > >    the private algorithms.
>> >
>> > I have no idea how to address this, nor can I answer the question.  I
>> > hope that others will give input on this.
>> >
>> > > -- Given that 3755 added applicablility columns to the algorithm
>> > >    registry (see the registry itself and 3755 for details), do you
>> > >    want another column for CERT, along with a requirement that new
>> > >    algorithm definitions say whether they can be used for CERTs or
>> > >    not?
>> >
>> > It seem to require some work for new algorithm definers.  My
>> > experience is that the key tag and algorithm fields of CERT RRs are
>> > rarely useful, nor consistently populated.  So the additional work
>> > will lead to little practical advantage, in my opinion.  That would
>> > suggest we shouldn't worry about this.
>> >
>> > However, this seem to be more of a process issue, than a technical
>> > concern, so I'd be interested to hear what others feel.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon May 23 18:52:13 2005
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From: Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com>
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To: David Blacka <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: validating a qtype=* response
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I like option #1, also clarifying that NXDOMAIN and NODATA both need
non-existence proofs (1+ NSEC RRs).

> 1. Verify any answer section rrsets (that match qname+qclass, that is).
>      If there are no answer section rrsets, validate via a authority
> section NSEC that qname is, in fact, an empty-non-terminal.  Validate
> the authority section as normal.

> 2. Don't validate it at all, don't set the AD bit.

Given that our current signaling mechanism for validation results (the
AD bit) is so coarse, option #2 worries me.  Can that unvalidated
RRset be cached?  Can a resolver give out the (unvalidated) A record
received in response to qtype=* when answering qtype=A?  Can it use
that (unvalidated) A record when chasing a referral?  This sounds like
it could lead to cache poisoning problems if not handled very
carefully.

-- Sam

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon May 23 19:14:14 2005
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Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 19:10:33 -0400 (EDT)
From: Samuel Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com>
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To: Roy Arends <roy@dnss.ec>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-bis-updates-0: DNAME
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> Please note that section 6 "clarification on Non-Existence Proofs" does
> not handle DNAME.

To answer's Ed's question from April 15th: "I hate the DNAME".

I'll add this to the bis-updates doc.  Good catch.

-- Sam


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 24 01:06:30 2005
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Date: Mon, 23 May 2005 22:02:04 -0700
From: Rob Austein <sra@isc.org>
To: Rick Mesta <Ricardo.Mesta@sun.com>
Cc: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org,
        Spencer.Shepler@sun.com, beepy@netapp.com, ogud@ogud.com,
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"Default domain" is not a DNS concept per se.  It's sometimes a DNS
user interface issue, but you won't find it anywhere in the protocol.

"Default domain", as implemented by some DNS user interfaces or APIs,
is really a degenerate case of a more general thing called a "search
path".  Search paths can be useful, but also dangerous, both in the
sense that they can produce unexpected results (see, eg, RFC 1535) and
in the sense that an attacker who can control your search path can
influence the questions you ask, so even DNSSEC may not protect you if
you're not checking to make sure the answers you're getting have some
sane relationship to the question you intended.

Some other protocols do have a concept of a "default domain", but
that's a matter for those protocols to define, and there are sometimes
nuances specific to that particular application protocol (eg, there
are DHCP options that play in this space, and Kerberos realms are sort
of like domain names, but the interactions between DHCP and Kerberos
may be underspecified and could be excessively entertaining...).

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CC: Matt Larson <mlarson@verisign.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Glue (was Re: validating a qtype=* response)
References: <428CE13A.4070503@verisignlabs.com> <a06200700beb29d5410f6@[192.168.1.101]> <428CF96B.4090806@verisignlabs.com> <a06200701beb2ad1bc3b0@[192.168.1.101]> <20050520125231.GE17267@chinook.corpit.vrsn.com> <a06200704beb39fb355b5@[192.168.1.101]>
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Edward Lewis wrote:
> At 8:52 -0400 5/20/05, Matt Larson wrote:
> 
>> The situation you describe regarding a cache's behavior is valid, but
>> that isn't what's happening here: f.gtld-servers.net is an
>> authoritative-only name server with no iterative resolver component
>> and therefore no cache.  The A record for chia.arin.net is present
>> because it's glue (for the arin.net zone and perhaps others).  ARIN
>> could register an AAAA record for chia.arin.net as glue through its
>> registrar and then that record would be returned, too.
> 
> 
> Exactly.  I'm using it as an example of a cache not fetching (and not 
> required to fetch) the other data sets because of a qtype=* query. I.e., 
> the fact that the AAAA record is "omitted" is not a security issue, it's 
> an artifact of the protocol.

Huh?

This isn't an example of a "cache not fetching" anything.  There is no 
cache involved in your example.

I think that it is well understood by this WG that qtype=* won't cause a 
cache to attempt to fetch "all" records of the qtype/qclass.  But what 
is a caching resolver required to do when there are zero records 
matching qname/qclass in its cache?  How does this affect validation?


-- 
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Applied Research

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Subject: Re: validating a qtype=* response
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Samuel Weiler wrote:
> I like option #1, also clarifying that NXDOMAIN and NODATA both need
> non-existence proofs (1+ NSEC RRs).

I like option #1, too.  But we need to understand the NODATA case, I think.

>>1. Verify any answer section rrsets (that match qname+qclass, that is).
>>     If there are no answer section rrsets, validate via a authority
>>section NSEC that qname is, in fact, an empty-non-terminal.  Validate
>>the authority section as normal.
> 
> 
>>2. Don't validate it at all, don't set the AD bit.
> 
> 
> Given that our current signaling mechanism for validation results (the
> AD bit) is so coarse, option #2 worries me.  Can that unvalidated
> RRset be cached?  Can a resolver give out the (unvalidated) A record
> received in response to qtype=* when answering qtype=A?  Can it use
> that (unvalidated) A record when chasing a referral?  This sounds like
> it could lead to cache poisoning problems if not handled very
> carefully.

I don't think that this is as worrisome as you think. 1) Caches already 
need to be able to distinguish between validated an unvalidated rrsets 
(think CD=1, think signed rrsets that couldn't be validated due to chain 
of trust).  2) If a validating resolver were to use this unvalidated A 
rrset in a different response, it should attempt to validate that rrset 
then, or choose not to use it in a non CD=1 context.  3) Can it use an 
unvalidated rrset when chasing a referral? I don't see why not.  4) It 
is true that a cache will have to be careful to avoid poison, but it has 
to do that anyway.

That being said, I don't necessarily see any reason NOT to validate that 
qtype=* response, other than I'm not exactly certain how it should be done.

-- 
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Applied Research

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Date: Tue, 24 May 2005 16:14:28 +0200
From: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
To: David Blacka <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Cc: Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz, mlarson@verisign.com, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Glue (was Re: validating a qtype=* response)
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On Tue, 24 May 2005 09:04:48 -0400
David Blacka <davidb@verisignlabs.com> wrote:

> I think that it is well understood by this WG that qtype=* won't cause a 
>  cache to attempt to fetch "all" records of the qtype/qclass.  But what 
>  is a caching resolver required to do when there are zero records 
>  matching qname/qclass in its cache?  How does this affect validation?


Sending back an NOERROR packet with an empty answer section, _without_
the NSEC to proof it, ad bit set.

Any client that would want to "proof" this answer would need to take
into account that it queried QTYPE="*" and that a completely empty
packet is one of the things that can be returned.

I'd think...

-- Olaf

---------------------------------| Olaf M. Kolkman
---------------------------------| RIPE NCC
---------------------------------| JID: olaf at jabber.secret-wg.org

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Date: Tue, 24 May 2005 16:53:42 +0200
From: "Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net>
To: Simon Josefsson <jas@extundo.com>
Cc: weiler@tislabs.com, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: rfc2538bis IANA considerations
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My 0.02 Euro:

If we can identify cases where the algorithm number match between
KEY/DNSKEY/CERT _will_ lead to (interoperability) problems we should
make sure we address those problems. If the match _might_ lead to
problems --- and nobody really knows how to catch that in text that would
fit into the draft --- then I'd say lets get this beast moving.

--Olaf



> > -- Sam
> >
> > On Tue, 22 Mar 2005, Samuel Weiler wrote:
> >
> >> I think there are two remaining open questions related to the CERT RR
> >> and the DNSSEC algorithm number registry.  Any input?  Do we want to
> >> allow CERT RRs to contain ALL algorithm types specified in this
> >> registry, or do we want to add another applicability list?
> >>
> >> > > -- Can CERTs use private algorithms (type 253/254)?  If so, do you
> >> > >    still want to use the same encoding as for KEY/DNSKEY, with the
> >> > >    algorithm in the RDATA?  Some explicit mention of the private
> >> > >    algorithms might be a good idea, in any case.  Also note David
> >> > >    Blacka's DNSSEC experiment draft, which encourages use of
> >> > >    the private algorithms.
> >> >
> >> > I have no idea how to address this, nor can I answer the question.  I
> >> > hope that others will give input on this.
> >> >
> >> > > -- Given that 3755 added applicablility columns to the algorithm
> >> > >    registry (see the registry itself and 3755 for details), do you
> >> > >    want another column for CERT, along with a requirement that new
> >> > >    algorithm definitions say whether they can be used for CERTs or
> >> > >    not?
> >> >
> >> > It seem to require some work for new algorithm definers.  My
> >> > experience is that the key tag and algorithm fields of CERT RRs are
> >> > rarely useful, nor consistently populated.  So the additional work
> >> > will lead to little practical advantage, in my opinion.  That would
> >> > suggest we shouldn't worry about this.
> >> >
> >> > However, this seem to be more of a process issue, than a technical
> >> > concern, so I'd be interested to hear what others feel.
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
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> 


-- 

---------------------------------| Olaf M. Kolkman
---------------------------------| RIPE NCC
---------------------------------| JID: olaf at jabber.secret-wg.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 24 11:03:54 2005
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Date: Tue, 24 May 2005 11:01:32 -0400
To: David Blacka <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Glue (was Re: validating a qtype=* response)
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, Matt Larson <mlarson@verisign.com>,
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At 9:04 -0400 5/24/05, David Blacka wrote:

>I think that it is well understood by this WG that qtype=* won't cause a
>cache to attempt to fetch "all" records of the qtype/qclass.  But what
>is a caching resolver required to do when there are zero records matching
>qname/qclass in its cache?  How does this affect validation?

For the first question - it seems that BIND (as an example DNS 
implementation) will recursively issue the query if recursion is 
available.

For the second question - each individual RRSet in the answer ought 
to be validated of course.  This includes pertinence to the question 
asked - in this case, just the name and type have to be exact 
matches.  There is a dilemma over the setting of the AD bit though.

On the one hand, the AD bit is supposed to indicate the "security" of 
the records in the answer and authority section.  On the other hand, 
DNSSEC promises "data integrity."  The difference is the records that 
might "fall out" of the answer section in a qtype=* answer.

The qtype=* processing never promised data integrity - so I don't 
think it is fair to expect that DNSSEC will promise this now.

So, my expectation would be to set the AD bit if all the present 
RRSets are pertinent (and germane) and pass the 
authentication/integrity checks as if the RRSet was standing alone in 
a request for its type.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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My input on this would be that none of my uses of CERT pay much
attention to the algorithm number field (nor the key tag) anyway.  So
from my point of view, I cannot identify any scenario where this will
matter.

Input from others appreciated.

Thanks,
Simon

"Olaf M. Kolkman" <olaf@ripe.net> writes:

> My 0.02 Euro:
>
> If we can identify cases where the algorithm number match between
> KEY/DNSKEY/CERT _will_ lead to (interoperability) problems we should
> make sure we address those problems. If the match _might_ lead to
> problems --- and nobody really knows how to catch that in text that would
> fit into the draft --- then I'd say lets get this beast moving.
>
> --Olaf
>
>
>
>> > -- Sam
>> >
>> > On Tue, 22 Mar 2005, Samuel Weiler wrote:
>> >
>> >> I think there are two remaining open questions related to the CERT RR
>> >> and the DNSSEC algorithm number registry.  Any input?  Do we want to
>> >> allow CERT RRs to contain ALL algorithm types specified in this
>> >> registry, or do we want to add another applicability list?
>> >>
>> >> > > -- Can CERTs use private algorithms (type 253/254)?  If so, do you
>> >> > >    still want to use the same encoding as for KEY/DNSKEY, with the
>> >> > >    algorithm in the RDATA?  Some explicit mention of the private
>> >> > >    algorithms might be a good idea, in any case.  Also note David
>> >> > >    Blacka's DNSSEC experiment draft, which encourages use of
>> >> > >    the private algorithms.
>> >> >
>> >> > I have no idea how to address this, nor can I answer the question.  I
>> >> > hope that others will give input on this.
>> >> >
>> >> > > -- Given that 3755 added applicablility columns to the algorithm
>> >> > >    registry (see the registry itself and 3755 for details), do you
>> >> > >    want another column for CERT, along with a requirement that new
>> >> > >    algorithm definitions say whether they can be used for CERTs or
>> >> > >    not?
>> >> >
>> >> > It seem to require some work for new algorithm definers.  My
>> >> > experience is that the key tag and algorithm fields of CERT RRs are
>> >> > rarely useful, nor consistently populated.  So the additional work
>> >> > will lead to little practical advantage, in my opinion.  That would
>> >> > suggest we shouldn't worry about this.
>> >> >
>> >> > However, this seem to be more of a process issue, than a technical
>> >> > concern, so I'd be interested to hear what others feel.
>> 
>> --
>> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
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>
>
> -- 
>
> ---------------------------------| Olaf M. Kolkman
> ---------------------------------| RIPE NCC
> ---------------------------------| JID: olaf at jabber.secret-wg.org

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Subject: Re: Glue (was Re: validating a qtype=* response)
References: <428CE13A.4070503@verisignlabs.com> <a06200700beb29d5410f6@[192.168.1.101]> <428CF96B.4090806@verisignlabs.com> <a06200701beb2ad1bc3b0@[192.168.1.101]> <20050520125231.GE17267@chinook.corpit.vrsn.com> <a06200704beb39fb355b5@[192.168.1.101]> <42932670.9060106@verisignlabs.com> <a06200700beb8f0857c37@[192.168.1.101]>
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Edward Lewis wrote:
> At 9:04 -0400 5/24/05, David Blacka wrote:
> 
>> I think that it is well understood by this WG that qtype=* won't cause a
>> cache to attempt to fetch "all" records of the qtype/qclass.  But what
>> is a caching resolver required to do when there are zero records matching
>> qname/qclass in its cache?  How does this affect validation?
> 
> 
> For the first question - it seems that BIND (as an example DNS 
> implementation) will recursively issue the query if recursion is available.
> 
> For the second question - each individual RRSet in the answer ought to 
> be validated of course.  This includes pertinence to the question asked 
> - in this case, just the name and type have to be exact matches.  There 
> is a dilemma over the setting of the AD bit though.
> 
> On the one hand, the AD bit is supposed to indicate the "security" of 
> the records in the answer and authority section.  On the other hand, 
> DNSSEC promises "data integrity."  The difference is the records that 
> might "fall out" of the answer section in a qtype=* answer.
> 
> The qtype=* processing never promised data integrity - so I don't think 
> it is fair to expect that DNSSEC will promise this now.

Agreed.

> So, my expectation would be to set the AD bit if all the present RRSets 
> are pertinent (and germane) and pass the authentication/integrity checks 
> as if the RRSet was standing alone in a request for its type.

Fair enough.  This is the positive response case, and I think that it is 
reasonable.  Let's look at negative responses.

RCODE=3 (Name Error) responses to qtype=* look to be no different from 
the normal case.

NOERROR/NODATA responses to qtype=* are questionable, in my mind.  And 
the central question is this: must a NOERROR/NODATA response to a 
qtype=* query have a validated NSEC in authority section proving that 
qname is an empty non-terminal to be considered valid?

Another way of asking this question is: are (full/caching/recursive) 
resolvers required to recurse on a qtype=* query if no records with 
qname+qclass are present in the cache (even if a child of qname *is* 
present in the cache)?

-- 
David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Applied Research

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Clarifications and Implementation Notes for DNSSECbis
	Author(s)	: S. Weiler
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-01.txt
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	Date		: 2005-5-24
	
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Glue (was Re: validating a qtype=* response) 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 24 May 2005 15:13:39 -0400."
             <42937CE3.7020105@verisignlabs.com> 
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> Edward Lewis wrote:
> > At 9:04 -0400 5/24/05, David Blacka wrote:
> > 
> >> I think that it is well understood by this WG that qtype=* won't cause a
> >> cache to attempt to fetch "all" records of the qtype/qclass.  But what
> >> is a caching resolver required to do when there are zero records matching
> >> qname/qclass in its cache?  How does this affect validation?
> > 
> > 
> > For the first question - it seems that BIND (as an example DNS 
> > implementation) will recursively issue the query if recursion is available.
> > 
> > For the second question - each individual RRSet in the answer ought to 
> > be validated of course.  This includes pertinence to the question asked 
> > - in this case, just the name and type have to be exact matches.  There 
> > is a dilemma over the setting of the AD bit though.
> > 
> > On the one hand, the AD bit is supposed to indicate the "security" of 
> > the records in the answer and authority section.  On the other hand, 
> > DNSSEC promises "data integrity."  The difference is the records that 
> > might "fall out" of the answer section in a qtype=* answer.
> > 
> > The qtype=* processing never promised data integrity - so I don't think 
> > it is fair to expect that DNSSEC will promise this now.
> 
> Agreed.
> 
> > So, my expectation would be to set the AD bit if all the present RRSets 
> > are pertinent (and germane) and pass the authentication/integrity checks 
> > as if the RRSet was standing alone in a request for its type.
> 
> Fair enough.  This is the positive response case, and I think that it is 
> reasonable.  Let's look at negative responses.
> 
> RCODE=3 (Name Error) responses to qtype=* look to be no different from 
> the normal case.
> 
> NOERROR/NODATA responses to qtype=* are questionable, in my mind.  And 
> the central question is this: must a NOERROR/NODATA response to a 
> qtype=* query have a validated NSEC in authority section proving that 
> qname is an empty non-terminal to be considered valid?

	This is the correct response to a empty non-terminal.  One
	can cache this response and validate this response.
 
> Another way of asking this question is: are (full/caching/recursive) 
> resolvers required to recurse on a qtype=* query if no records with 
> qname+qclass are present in the cache (even if a child of qname *is* 
> present in the cache)?
> 
> -- 
> David Blacka    <davidb@verisignlabs.com>
> Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Applied Research
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue May 24 16:40:41 2005
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References: <428CE13A.4070503@verisignlabs.com>
 <a06200700beb29d5410f6@[192.168.1.101]>
 <428CF96B.4090806@verisignlabs.com>
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Date: Tue, 24 May 2005 16:37:14 -0400
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Glue (was Re: validating a qtype=* response)
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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Apologies in advance for this being somewhat disoriented...

At 15:13 -0400 5/24/05, David Blacka wrote:
...
>Let's look at negative responses.
...
>NOERROR/NODATA responses to qtype=* are questionable, in my mind.  And
>the central question is this: must a NOERROR/NODATA response to a
>qtype=* query have a validated NSEC in authority section proving that
>qname is an empty non-terminal to be considered valid?
>
>Another way of asking this question is: are (full/caching/recursive)
>resolvers required to recurse on a qtype=* query if no records with
>qname+qclass are present in the cache (even if a child of qname *is*
>present in the cache)?

You'll never get a NOERROR/NODATA response for qtype=* queries of 
leaf nodes.  So this boils down to cases of non-terminals.

Since we are talking about resolvers (as in RFC 1034 5.3's definition 
here), the scripture we want is in section 5.3.3, beginning with:

#   1. See if the answer is in local information, and if so return
#      it to the client.
#
#   2. Find the best servers to ask.

For step 1, here's a head-scratcher.  Is the existence of a 
non-terminal name inferred by the presence of data for any of its 
descendents?

An answer is in local information if it has been asked for before 
(within the TTL).  Local information could be positive answers or the 
negative cache.

If the non-terminal is inferred (the head scratching question), then 
NOERROR/NODATA is appropriate, but this can't be supported with any 
records from the cache.  For this reason I don't think "inferred 
names" ought to be in the cache.  Answering about things you don't 
know about is like synthesizing wild cards in the cache.

If the non-terminal is empty, then if it is "in local information" it 
will be in the negative cache.  (I.e., someone asked for it, and got 
no answer records.)  A query of qtype=* will return NOERROR/NODATA 
with the negative cache "proof."

If the non-terminal has data (at least as it is present in the 
cache), then there won't be a NOERROR/NODATA return.

In other cases, the non-terminal is not known and you resume with step 2.

So - in summary, what I am saying is that you should only return 
NOERROR/NODATA for a qtype=* when the name is a previously sought 
empty non-terminal, in the negative cache.  The existence of names 
ought never be inferred by a cache, if a name is not explicitly in 
local information, and recursion is permitted, the server ought to 
recurse.


-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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Reply-To: "Winnie Fulton" <WinnieHill@kitars.com>
To: dnsext-archive@ietf.org
Subject: Photoshop Products available for Download
Date: Wed, 25 May 2005 07:27:45 -0200
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ica size=3D1 color=3D#FFFFFF>TOP 10 NEW TITLES</font></b></p></td></tr></t=
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ce=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/=
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h=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>3</font></td><td width=3D129> <font fa=
ce=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/=
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129><a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?f> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helv=
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al,helvetica size=3D1>Adobe Acrobat 7.0</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D=
4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>8</font></td><td =
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d><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3D=
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<b> <font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>See more by this manufacturer</font></b>=
</span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td=
 width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhtt=
p://expansionsoft.com/?u>Microsoft</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&=
nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,a=
rial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?o>A</a></font=
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a size=3D1>pple Software</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td>=
<td colSpan=3D2 width=3D141><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana s=
ize=3D1>Customers also bought</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4=
>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
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er items...</a></font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></tabl=
e></td></tr></table><p></p><br><p><br></p><p></p><p></p></td><td vAlign=3D=
top align=3Dleft width=3D522><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Office Professional=
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com/?G>Microsoft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/ima=
ges/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></sp=
an><br><table border=3D0><tr><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><=
td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><=
tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?i><select name=3Dedit1> <option=
 selected>See Other Options</option> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a=
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p://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif v=
alue=3DGo border=3D0 name=3Dsubmit.display-variation width=3D21 height=3D2=
1></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table> <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.=
com/?l> <img height=3D190 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B0000AZJ=
VC.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D158 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_ima=
ge></a> <span class=3Dsmall><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D=
0 height=3D21 width=3D189><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3D=
right height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=
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=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D=
11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D105><b class=3Dprice>$69.99<=
/b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright heigh=
t=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D11></td><td =
class=3Dsmall height=3D1 width=3D105><span class=3Dprice>$830.01 (92=
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g border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-c=
art-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:=
</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b=
>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3D=
http://expansionsoft.com/?2>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3D=
http://expansionsoft.com/?0>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp:/=
/expansionsoft.com/?F>Other Versions</a><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Featur=
es:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=
=3D1>Analyze and manage business information using Access databases </font=
></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Exchange data with other systems u=
sing enhanced XML technology </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1=
>Control information sharing rules with enhanced IRM technology </font></l=
i> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Easy-to-use wizards to create e-mail n=
ewsletters and printed marketing materials </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall>=
<font size=3D1>More than 20 preformatted business reports </font></li></ul=
> </span><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #1<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Ship=
ping:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expi=
res:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer=
 Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-imag=
es.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif w=
idth=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 1,768 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://expansionso=
ft.com/?u>Write a review</a>. </font><br clear=3Dall> <hr noShade SIZE=3D1=
><table border=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-collaps=
e: collapse" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber1 height=3D=
233><tr><td width=3D100% height=3D233><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Windows XP=
 Professional or Longhorn Edition</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dht=
tp://expansionsoft.com/?o>Microsoft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-ima=
ges.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D8=
2 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0 width=3D222><tr><td noWrap widt=
h=3D59><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap width=3D16=
6><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp=
://expansionsoft.com/?u><select name=3DD1> <option selected>See Other Opti=
ons</option> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://expansion=
soft.com/?z><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/=
images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 nam=
e=3DI1 width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><=
a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?8> <img height=3D201 src=3Dhttp://image=
s.amazon.com/images/P/B00005MOTH.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg width=3D160 align=3Dleft =
border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image hspace=3D5></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><tabl=
e cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D19 width=3D184><tr><=
td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73>=
 <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall =
height=3D18 width=3D101><span class=3Dlistprice>$279.00</span></td></tr><t=
r><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D=
73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall he=
ight=3D18 width=3D101><b class=3Dprice>$49.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3D=
small vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save=
:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 widt=
h=3D101><span class=3Dprice>$229.01 (85%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a hr=
ef=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?N> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.am=
azon.com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 heig=
ht=3D23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<=
br> <b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </s=
pan><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?i>System =
requirements</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?l>Acces=
sories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?l>Other Versi=
ons</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1>=
 </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dtiny><font size=3D1>Designed for businesses o=
f all sizes </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Manage digital p=
ictures, music, video, DVDs, and more </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font=
 size=3D1>More security with the ability to encrypt files and folders </fo=
nt></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Built-in voice, video, and insta=
nt messaging support </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Integra=
tion with Windows servers and management solutions </font></li></ul><p><sp=
an class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #2<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> In=
ternational/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> Jun=
e 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Review:</b>=
 <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.co=
m/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D64 bo=
rder=3D0> Based on 868 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?w>Writ=
e a review</a>.</font></p> </span><hr noShade SIZE=3D1><table border=3D0 c=
ellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-collapse: collapse" borderc=
olor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber2 height=3D337><tr><td width=3D=
100% height=3D337><b class=3Dsans>Adobe Photoshop CS2 V 9.0</b><br> <span =
class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?f>Adobe</a> <img border=3D=
0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_v=
ersion.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0><tr><td noW=
rap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap><table cellSp=
acing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://expansionsof=
t.com/?U> <select name=3DD2> <option selected>See Other Options</option> <=
/select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?W><i=
nput type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/se=
arch-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 width=3D=
21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp:/=
/expansionsoft.com/?z> <img height=3D181 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/im=
ages/P/B0008GM97I.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D193 align=3Dleft border=3D0 =
name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 cell=
Padding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D44 width=3D190><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlig=
n=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></t=
d><td height=3D18 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D10=
4> <span class=3Dlistprice>$599.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall v=
Align=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td=
><td height=3D18 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D104=
><b class=3Dprice>$69.99 </b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop =
noWrap align=3Dright height=3D8 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td heigh=
t=3D8 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D8 width=3D104><span class=
=3Dprice>$529.01 (90%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://expansi=
onsoft.com/?g> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/0=
1/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br=
> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:=
</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span clas=
s=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?8>System requirements</a>&nb=
sp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?Q>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&=
nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?o>Other Versions</a></p><p></p><=
p><b><font size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <l=
i class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Customized workspace; save personalized wor=
kspace and tool settings; create customized shortcuts </font> </li> <li cl=
ass=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Unparalleled efficiency--automate production ta=
sks with built-in or customized scripts </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><fo=
nt size=3D1>Improved file management, new design possibilities, and a more=
 intuitive way to create for the Web </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font =
size=3D1>Support for 16-bit images, digital camera raw data, and non-squar=
e pixels </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Create or modify ph=
otos using painting, drawing, and retouching tools</font></li></ul> </span=
><p><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #3<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:=
</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires:<=
/b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Revi=
ew:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.am=
azon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D=
64 border=3D0> Based on 498 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://expansionsoft.com/?7=
>Write a review</a>.</font></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></=
tr></table></form></td></tr></table></body></html>

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From: "Kelly Neufeld" <LyndaEnriquez@churchism.com>
Reply-To: "Kelly Neufeld" <LyndaEnriquez@churchism.com>
To: dnsext-archive@ietf.org
Subject: OEM software wholesale savings Win XP
Date: Wed, 25 May 2005 23:08:15 +0400
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<html><head><style type=3Dtext/css>.eyebrow { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE=
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CORATION: none }</style><title>m</title><meta http-equiv=3DContent-Type co=
ntent=3D"text/html; charset=3Dwindows-1252"><meta content=3D"Microsoft Win=
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080><table cellSpacing=3D3 cellPadding=3D0 width=3D99% border=3D0><tr><td =
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8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>4</font></td><td width=3D129><a href=3Dhtt=
p://%25RND_URL/?j> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>Norton An=
tivirus 2005</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D=
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verdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?6>Flash MX =
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face=3DVerdana size=3D1>6</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
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></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font face=3D=
Verdana size=3D1>7</font></td><td width=3D129><a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?1> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>Adobe Acrobat=
 7.0</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font =
face=3DVerdana size=3D1>8</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
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ver</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font f=
ace=3DVerdana size=3D1>9</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,=
arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?y>Alias Maya 6 Wave=
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a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td colSpan=3D2 width=3D14=
1><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>See more by this m=
anufacturer</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td wi=
dth=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica s=
ize=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?0>Microsoft</a></font></td></tr><tr>=
<td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font f=
ace=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?N>A</=
a></font><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?M><font face=3Dverdana,arial,helveti=
ca size=3D1>pple Software</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td=
><td colSpan=3D2 width=3D141><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana =
size=3D1>Customers also bought</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D=
4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdan=
a,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?G>these other ite=
ms...</a></font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td=
></tr></table><p></p><br><p><br></p><p></p><p></p></td><td vAlign=3Dtop al=
ign=3Dleft width=3D522><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Office Professional Editi=
on *2003*</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?8>Micro=
soft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/prom=
otions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table=
 border=3D0><tr><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dt=
op noWrap><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a hre=
f=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?Z><select name=3Dedit1> <option selected>See Other =
Options</option> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?p><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.co=
m/images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 n=
ame=3Dsubmit.display-variation width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></tabl=
e></td></tr></table> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?t> <img height=3D190 src=
=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B0000AZJVC.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D=
158 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall><ta=
ble cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D21 width=3D189><tr=
><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D7=
3> <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmal=
l height=3D18 width=3D105><span class=3Dlistprice>$899.00</span></td></tr>=
<tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D=
73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall he=
ight=3D18 width=3D105><b class=3Dprice>$69.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3D=
small vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save=
:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 widt=
h=3D105><span class=3Dprice>$830.01 (92%)</span></td></tr></table><br> <a =
href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?7> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.=
com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D=
23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <=
b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><=
br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?9>System requirements=
</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?F>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&=
nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?r>Other Versions</a><p></p><p><b><font =
size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Ds=
mall><font size=3D1>Analyze and manage business information using Access d=
atabases </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Exchange data with =
other systems using enhanced XML technology </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall=
><font size=3D1>Control information sharing rules with enhanced IRM techno=
logy </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Easy-to-use wizards to =
create e-mail newsletters and printed marketing materials </font></li> <li=
 class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>More than 20 preformatted business reports <=
/font></li></ul> </span><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #1<br> <b cl=
ass=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>D=
ate Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>A=
verage Customer Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3D=
http://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/st=
ars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 1,768 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp:=
//%25RND_URL/?u>Write a review</a>. </font><br clear=3Dall> <hr noShade SI=
ZE=3D1><table border=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-c=
ollapse: collapse" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber1 hei=
ght=3D233><tr><td width=3D100% height=3D233><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Wind=
ows XP Professional or Longhorn Edition</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a hre=
f=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?i>Microsoft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-imag=
es.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82=
 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0 width=3D222><tr><td noWrap width=
=3D59><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap width=3D166=
><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp:=
//%25RND_URL/?Z><select name=3DD1> <option selected>See Other Options</opt=
ion> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?d><in=
put type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/sea=
rch-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 width=3D=
21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp:/=
/%25RND_URL/?G> <img height=3D201 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/=
B00005MOTH.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg width=3D160 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod=
_image hspace=3D5></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 cell=
Padding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D19 width=3D184><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlig=
n=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></t=
d><td height=3D18 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D10=
1><span class=3Dlistprice>$279.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vA=
lign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td>=
<td height=3D18 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101>=
<b class=3Dprice>$49.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop no=
Wrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td height=3D=
1 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 width=3D101><span class=3Dp=
rice>$229.01 (85%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?k> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/0=
1/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br=
> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:=
</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span clas=
s=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?j>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&n=
bsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?u>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3D=
http://%25RND_URL/?u>Other Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Fea=
tures:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dtiny><font si=
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><font size=3D1>Manage digital pictures, music, video, DVDs, and more </fo=
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olutions </font></li></ul><p><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #2<br> =
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 <b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny=
><b>Average Customer Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars"=
 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-rev=
iews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 868 reviews. <a href=3D=
http://%25RND_URL/?J>Write a review</a>.</font></p> </span><hr noShade SIZ=
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llapse: collapse" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber2 heig=
ht=3D337><tr><td width=3D100% height=3D337><b class=3Dsans>Adobe Photoshop=
 CS2 V 9.0</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?a>Adob=
e</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promoti=
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m/images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 n=
ame=3DI1 width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p=
><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?F> <img height=3D181 src=3Dhttp://images.ama=
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order=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacin=
g=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D44 width=3D190><tr><td class=3Ds=
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://%25RND_URL/?d> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/=
G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br>=
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ef=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?s>Other Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D=
1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dsmall><f=
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tiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #3<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International=
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ont></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></form></td>=
</tr></table></body></html>

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed May 25 15:51:38 2005
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From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: wild cards
Cc: ed.lewis@neustar.biz
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In case anyone hadn't noticed, there's a -07 wcard draft out there. 
I have no outstanding items to include in a next version other than 
to paginate it and add a table of contents.  I'm waiting to do that 
until the subject matter settled down.

If there are more items to include, please speak up.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

If you knew what I was thinking, you'd understand what I was saying.

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Storing Certificates in the Domain Name System (DNS)
	Author(s)	: S. Josefsson
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2538bis-02.txt
	Pages		: 14
	Date		: 2005-5-25
	
Cryptographic public key are frequently published and their
   authenticity demonstrated by certificates.  A CERT resource record
   (RR) is defined so that such certificates and related certificate
   revocation lists can be stored in the Domain Name System (DNS).

   See <http://josefsson.org/rfc2538bis/> for more information.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2538bis-02.txt

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed May 25 20:07:45 2005
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On Fri, 2005-05-20 at 15:26 -0500, wayne wrote:

> My intention is that after a two week review, I will make a "final"
> revised draft and ask the IESG to consider it for a Proposed Standard
> status. 

There is a request on the spf-discuss list that those who consider SPF
flawed place their comments at:

http://www.imc.org/ietf-mxcomp/index.html

-Doug



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----dmHRj3BSd4S8GvLk--


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From: "Scott Rose" <scottr@nist.gov>
To: "DNSEXT WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: First draft of EDNS0 interop test
Date: Thu, 26 May 2005 10:15:44 -0400
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This probably won't be posted as an official Internet Draft yet, since it's
only a test plan and not an interoperability test.  Comments most welcome -
looking to make this test plan better before producing the formal write up
of the EDNS0 interop test.

Please note the comment on Test 10 below - it addresses Section 5.3 in
RFC2671, which has been noted before on namedroppers to be a possible
ambiguity in the spec.

Scott



----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--


Network Working Group                                         J. Quanaim
Internet-Draft                                                    Lucent
Expires: November 27, 2005                                       S. Rose
                                                                    NIST
                                                            May 26, 2005


 Interoperability Test for Extension Mechanism for DNS (EDNS) Version 0
                      draft-qr-rfc2671-interop-00

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC 2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on November 27, 2005.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).  All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   The Extension Mechanism for DNS (EDNS) is described in RFC 2671 and
   is a base pre-requisite for other extensions to the DNS such as
   DNSSEC and IPv6 support.  This document lays out a plan to test the
   interoperability of clients and servers that claim EDNS version 0
   implementation.







Quanaim & Rose          Expires November 27, 2005               [Page 1]


Internet-Draft                EDNS0-Interop                     May 2005


Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Tests  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.1   Non-EDNS0 Aware Client Request to a Non-EDNS0 Aware
           Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.2   Non-EDNS0 Aware Client Request to an EDNS0 Aware Server  .  4
     2.3   EDNS0 Aware Client Request to a Non-EDNS0 Aware Server . .  4
     2.4   EDNS0 Client Request to an EDNS0 Aware Server  . . . . . .  5
   3.  Candidate Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   4.  External issues  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   5.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   6.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   7.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     7.1   Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     7.2   Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
       Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
       Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 12

































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1.  Introduction

   The Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0) expands the DNS message
   format allowing for larger DNS packets, additional signaling, and
   more error types.  It does this while preserving the original format
   of the DNS message and should therefore be backwards compatible.
   EDNS0 defines a new RR, OPT to provide this functionality.  Please
   refer to RFC2671 [1] for further details.











































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2.  Tests

   The following matrix shows the possible interactions between a client
   and server of which each may or may not be EDNS0 aware.  Furthermore,
   a server may be either authoritative or caching.  The section
   describing the exchange is listed in the corresponding cell.

                        .---------------------------------.
                        | non-EDNS0 server | EDNS0 server |
     .------------------+------------------+--------------|
     | non-EDNS0 client |                1 |            2 |
     |------------------+------------------+--------------|
     | EDNS0 client     |                3 |            4 |
     '----------------------------------------------------'

   To test a caching server, a valid EDNS0 client and server are needed.
   The caching server should be placed between them to resolve requests.

2.1  Non-EDNS0 Aware Client Request to a Non-EDNS0 Aware Server

   There are no test cases as this should be considered within RFC 1035.
   EDNS0 does not affect these transactions.

2.2  Non-EDNS0 Aware Client Request to an EDNS0 Aware Server

   A DNS response message should never contain an unsolicited OPT RR.
   An OPT RR should only be provided in a response to a request that
   contained an OPT RR.  Therefore, no EDNS0 functionally is expected in
   these tests.

      Test 1:  Send non-EDNS0 query with expected result < 512 bytes.

      Expected result:  Non-EDNS0 response


      Test 2:  Send non-EDNS0 query with expected result > 512 bytes

      Expected result:  Non-EDNS0 response truncated (TC bit set)


      Test 3:  Send non-EDNS0 query for DNSSEC type (QTYPE=DNSKEY)

      Expected result:  Non-EDNS0 response


2.3  EDNS0 Aware Client Request to a Non-EDNS0 Aware Server

   A non-EDNS0 aware server may generate any of the basic DNS error



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Internet-Draft                EDNS0-Interop                     May 2005


   responses such as NOTIMPL, FORMERR, or SERVFAIL in response to an
   EDNS0 request.  Additionally, a DNS server not supporting EDNS0 may
   ignore the OPT RR and respond without such functionality.

      Test 4:  Send EDNS0 request

      Expected result:  Error response or request dropped


      Test 5:  Send request for OPT RR (QTYPE=OPT)

      Expected result:  Error response


2.4  EDNS0 Client Request to an EDNS0 Aware Server

   In these series of tests, both the client and server use EDNS0 as
   documented in RFC2671[1].  However, a client may introduce other
   extensions or later versions of EDNS to test server response codes.

      Test 6:  Send request with a single OPT RR using normal EDNS0
      semantics.

      Expected result:  Normal DNS response with EDNS0 enabled


      Test 7:  Send request with two OPT RRs of different values.

      Expected result:  Error response (BADVERS)


      Test 8:  Send request with EDNS0 version = 3

      Expected result:  Error response of BADVER


      Test 9:  Send request for OPT RR (QTYPE=OPT)

      Expected result:  Error response


      AUTHOR'S COMMENT: The next test may be unnecessary.  However, it is
      the author's opinion that Section 5.3 of RFC 2671 [1] does not
      fully address how receivers should handle unknown extensions
      provided that the version numbers match.

      Test 10:  Send request with unknown extension in OPT RDATA




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Internet-Draft                EDNS0-Interop                     May 2005


      Expected result:  Undefined, possible error code response.


















































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3.  Candidate Software

   Below is the first list of possible candidate software for the
   interoperability tests described above.  Non-EDNS aware servers and
   clients are necessary for the tests described in Sections 2.1 and
   2.2.  This list is by no means complete and suggestions for
   additional implementations are welcome.

   Authoritative Servers: BIND (8.4.X, 9.3.X), NSD (2.1.X, 2.2.X),
      dnsjava.

   Caching Servers: BIND (8.4.X, 9.3.X)

   Clients: dnsjava, dig(libresolv), NET::DNS (perl).

   No EDNS Support: MaraDNS, djbdns, Posadis.



































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Internet-Draft                EDNS0-Interop                     May 2005


4.  External issues

   While outside the scope of this document, many existing firewall
   implementations block DNS packets using EDNS0 because of an outdated
   belief that DNS UDP packets should not exceed the size of 512 bytes.














































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Internet-Draft                EDNS0-Interop                     May 2005


5.  IANA Considerations

   This document does not specify any new IANA considerations.
















































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Internet-Draft                EDNS0-Interop                     May 2005


6.  Security Considerations

   This document does not address any security considerations with using
   ENDS.















































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7.  References

7.1  Normative References

   [1]  Vixie, P., "Extension Mechanisms for DNS (EDNS0)", RFC 2671,
        August 1999.

7.2  Informative References

   [2]  Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
        specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.

   [3]  Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S. Rose,
        "DNS Security Introduction and Requirements", RFC 4033,
        March 2005.

   [4]  Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S. Rose,
        "Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions", RFC 4034,
        March 2005.

   [5]  Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S. Rose,
        "Protocol Modifications for the DNS Security Extensions",
        RFC 4035, March 2005.


Authors' Addresses

   Joe Quanaim
   Lucent Technologies
   2C-338 600-700 Mountain Avenue
   Murray Hill, NJ  07974
   USA

   Email: jdq@lucent.com


   Scott Rose
   National Institute for Standards and Technology
   100 Bureau Drive
   Gaithersburg, MD  20899-8920
   USA

   Email: scott.rose@nist.gov








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Internet-Draft                EDNS0-Interop                     May 2005


Intellectual Property Statement

   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
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   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
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   this standard.  Please address the information to the IETF Executive
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Full Copyright Statement

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   The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
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   BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION



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Internet-Draft                EDNS0-Interop                     May 2005


   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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Acknowledgment

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.











































Quanaim & Rose          Expires November 27, 2005              [Page 13]



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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
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h=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>2</font></td><td width=3D129><a href=3D=
http://playoffsoft.com/?E> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>W=
indows XP Pro</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D=
8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>3</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3D=
verdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?d>Adob=
e Creative Suite Premium</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td>=
<td width=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>4</font></td><td width=3D129><=
a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?Z> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica s=
ize=3D1>Norton Antivirus 2005</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;=
</td><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>5</font></td><td width=3D=
129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://playo=
ffsoft.com/?E>Flash MX 2004</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</=
td><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>6</font></td><td width=3D12=
9> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://playoff=
soft.com/?Y>Corel Draw 12</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td=
><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>7</font></td><td width=3D129>=
<a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?a> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica =
size=3D1>Adobe Acrobat 7.0</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</t=
d><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>8</font></td><td width=3D129=
> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://playoffs=
oft.com/?X>Windows 2003 Server</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp=
;</td><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>9</font></td><td width=3D=
129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://playo=
ffsoft.com/?y>Alias Maya 6 Wavefrt</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&=
nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>10</font></td><td wi=
dth=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp:/=
/playoffsoft.com/?v>Adobe Premiere</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&=
nbsp;</td><td colSpan=3D2 width=3D141><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3D=
Verdana size=3D1>See more by this manufacturer</font></b></span></td></tr>=
<tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <fo=
nt face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.c=
om/?S>Microsoft</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=
=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=
=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?p>A</a></font><a href=3Dhttp://pla=
yoffsoft.com/?2><font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>pple Softwar=
e</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td colSpan=3D2 width=3D=
141><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>Customers also b=
ought</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D=
8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D=
1> <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?U>these other items...</a></font></td=
></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p></p=
><br><p><br></p><p></p><p></p></td><td vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft width=3D5=
22><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Office Professional Edition *2003*</b><br> <s=
pan class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?9>Microsoft</a> <img b=
order=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker/=
newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0><tr=
><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap><tabl=
e cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://play=
offsoft.com/?w><select name=3Dedit1> <option selected>See Other Options</o=
ption> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com=
/?c><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G=
/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3Dsubm=
it.display-variation width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></t=
r></table> <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?m> <img height=3D190 src=3Dht=
tp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B0000AZJVC.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D158=
 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall><table=
 cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D21 width=3D189><tr><t=
d class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> =
<b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall h=
eight=3D18 width=3D105><span class=3Dlistprice>$899.00</span></td></tr><tr=
><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D7=
3> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall hei=
ght=3D18 width=3D105><b class=3Dprice>$69.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3D=
small vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save=
:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 widt=
h=3D105><span class=3Dprice>$830.01 (92%)</span></td></tr></table><br> <a =
href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?x> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.am=
azon.com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 heig=
ht=3D23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<=
br> <b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </s=
pan><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?a>System re=
quirements</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?Z>Accessori=
es</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?5>Other Versions</a=
><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></=
p><ul> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Analyze and manage business inform=
ation using Access databases </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1=
>Exchange data with other systems using enhanced XML technology </font></l=
i> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Control information sharing rules with=
 enhanced IRM technology </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Eas=
y-to-use wizards to create e-mail newsletters and printed marketing materi=
als </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>More than 20 preformatte=
d business reports </font></li></ul> </span><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Ra=
nk:</b> #1<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International/US or via insta=
nt download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><fo=
nt class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 =
out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/comm=
on/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 1,768 re=
views. <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?j>Write a review</a>. </font><br =
clear=3Dall> <hr noShade SIZE=3D1><table border=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellsp=
acing=3D0 style=3D"border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D=
100% id=3DAutoNumber1 height=3D233><tr><td width=3D100% height=3D233><b cl=
ass=3Dsans>Microsoft Windows XP Professional or Longhorn Edition</b><br> <=
span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?V>Microsoft</a> <img =
border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker=
/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0 wi=
dth=3D222><tr><td noWrap width=3D59><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td v=
Align=3Dtop noWrap width=3D166><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 bord=
er=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?c><select name=3DD1> <opt=
ion selected>See Other Options</option> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp=
;<a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?t><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dht=
tp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif =
value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></tab=
le></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?u> <img height=3D=
201 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B00005MOTH.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg wid=
th=3D160 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image hspace=3D5></a> <span c=
lass=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D=
19 width=3D184><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright hei=
ght=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D10></t=
d><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101><span class=3Dlistprice>$279.0=
0</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright =
height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D10></td>=
<td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101><b class=3Dprice>$49.99</b></td>=
</tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D1 wi=
dth=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D10></td><td class=3D=
small height=3D1 width=3D101><span class=3Dprice>$229.01 (85%)</span></td>=
</tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?D> <img border=3D0 src=3D=
http://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gi=
f width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Available for =
INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM =
/ Download<br> </span><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsof=
t.com/?7>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsof=
t.com/?j>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?p=
>Other Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Features:</font></b><fo=
nt size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dtiny><font size=3D1>Designed for =
businesses of all sizes </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Mana=
ge digital pictures, music, video, DVDs, and more </font></li> <li class=3D=
small><font size=3D1>More security with the ability to encrypt files and f=
olders </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Built-in voice, video=
, and instant messaging support </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D=
1>Integration with Windows servers and management solutions </font></li></=
ul><p><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #2<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shippin=
g:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires=
:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Re=
view:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.=
amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif widt=
h=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 868 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/=
?4>Write a review</a>.</font></p> </span><hr noShade SIZE=3D1><table borde=
r=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-collapse: collapse" =
bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber2 height=3D337><tr><td w=
idth=3D100% height=3D337><b class=3Dsans>Adobe Photoshop CS2 V 9.0</b><br>=
 <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?b>Adobe</a> <img bo=
rder=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker/n=
ewest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0><tr>=
<td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap><table=
 cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://playo=
ffsoft.com/?p> <select name=3DD2> <option selected>See Other Options</opti=
on> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?9=
><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01=
/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 widt=
h=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dht=
tp://playoffsoft.com/?L> <img height=3D181 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/=
images/P/B0008GM97I.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D193 align=3Dleft border=3D=
0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 ce=
llPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D44 width=3D190><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAl=
ign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b><=
/td><td height=3D18 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D=
104> <span class=3Dlistprice>$599.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall=
 vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></=
td><td height=3D18 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D1=
04><b class=3Dprice>$69.99 </b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dto=
p noWrap align=3Dright height=3D8 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td hei=
ght=3D8 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D8 width=3D104><span cla=
ss=3Dprice>$529.01 (90%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://playo=
ffsoft.com/?f> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/0=
1/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br=
> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:=
</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span clas=
s=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?r>System requirements</a>&nbsp=
; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?9>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp=
; <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?m>Other Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><=
font size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li clas=
s=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Customized workspace; save personalized workspace=
 and tool settings; create customized shortcuts </font> </li> <li class=3D=
small><font size=3D1>Unparalleled efficiency--automate production tasks wi=
th built-in or customized scripts </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font siz=
e=3D1>Improved file management, new design possibilities, and a more intui=
tive way to create for the Web </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D=
1>Support for 16-bit images, digital camera raw data, and non-square pixel=
s </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Create or modify photos us=
ing painting, drawing, and retouching tools</font></li></ul> </span><p><sp=
an class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #3<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> In=
ternational/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> Jun=
e 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Review:</b>=
 <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.co=
m/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D64 bo=
rder=3D0> Based on 498 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://playoffsoft.com/?O>Write =
a review</a>.</font></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></ta=
ble></form></td></tr></table></body></html>

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<html><head><style type=3Dtext/css>.eyebrow { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE=
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able cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D1 width=3D100% bgColor=3D#cccc99 border=
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00% bgColor=3D#cccc99 border=3D0><tr><td vAlign=3Dtop width=3D100=
% bgColor=3D#eeeecc><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D2 width=3D153 bor=
der=3D0><tr><td width=3D141 colspan=3D3 bgcolor=3D#FFFFFF><p align=3Dcente=
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h=3D8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>1</font></td><td width=3D129> <font fa=
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ce Pro 2003</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8=
><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>2</font></td><td width=3D129><a href=3Dhttp=
://%25RND_URL/?c> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>Windows XP=
 Pro</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font =
face=3DVerdana size=3D1>3</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?R>Adobe Creative S=
uite Premium</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D=
8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>4</font></td><td width=3D129><a href=3Dhtt=
p://%25RND_URL/?9> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>Norton An=
tivirus 2005</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D=
8><font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>5</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3D=
verdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?O>Flash MX =
2004</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font =
face=3DVerdana size=3D1>6</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?X>Corel Draw 12</a=
></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font face=3D=
Verdana size=3D1>7</font></td><td width=3D129><a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?T> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>Adobe Acrobat=
 7.0</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font =
face=3DVerdana size=3D1>8</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?v>Windows 2003 Ser=
ver</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font f=
ace=3DVerdana size=3D1>9</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,=
arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?O>Alias Maya 6 Wave=
frt</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font f=
ace=3DVerdana size=3D1>10</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana=
,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?e>Adobe Premiere</=
a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td colSpan=3D2 width=3D14=
1><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>See more by this m=
anufacturer</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td wi=
dth=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica s=
ize=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?x>Microsoft</a></font></td></tr><tr>=
<td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font f=
ace=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?a>A</=
a></font><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?D><font face=3Dverdana,arial,helveti=
ca size=3D1>pple Software</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td=
><td colSpan=3D2 width=3D141><span class=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana =
size=3D1>Customers also bought</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D=
4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdan=
a,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?K>these other ite=
ms...</a></font></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td=
></tr></table><p></p><br><p><br></p><p></p><p></p></td><td vAlign=3Dtop al=
ign=3Dleft width=3D522><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Office Professional Editi=
on *2003*</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?O>Micro=
soft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/prom=
otions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table=
 border=3D0><tr><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dt=
op noWrap><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a hre=
f=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?p><select name=3Dedit1> <option selected>See Other =
Options</option> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?B><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.co=
m/images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 n=
ame=3Dsubmit.display-variation width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></tabl=
e></td></tr></table> <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?Z> <img height=3D190 src=
=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B0000AZJVC.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D=
158 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall><ta=
ble cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D21 width=3D189><tr=
><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D7=
3> <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmal=
l height=3D18 width=3D105><span class=3Dlistprice>$899.00</span></td></tr>=
<tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D=
73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall he=
ight=3D18 width=3D105><b class=3Dprice>$69.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3D=
small vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save=
:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 widt=
h=3D105><span class=3Dprice>$830.01 (92%)</span></td></tr></table><br> <a =
href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?R> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.=
com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D=
23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <=
b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><=
br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?0>System requirements=
</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?7>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&=
nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?y>Other Versions</a><p></p><p><b><font =
size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Ds=
mall><font size=3D1>Analyze and manage business information using Access d=
atabases </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Exchange data with =
other systems using enhanced XML technology </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall=
><font size=3D1>Control information sharing rules with enhanced IRM techno=
logy </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Easy-to-use wizards to =
create e-mail newsletters and printed marketing materials </font></li> <li=
 class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>More than 20 preformatted business reports <=
/font></li></ul> </span><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #1<br> <b cl=
ass=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>D=
ate Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>A=
verage Customer Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3D=
http://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/st=
ars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 1,768 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp:=
//%25RND_URL/?O>Write a review</a>. </font><br clear=3Dall> <hr noShade SI=
ZE=3D1><table border=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-c=
ollapse: collapse" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber1 hei=
ght=3D233><tr><td width=3D100% height=3D233><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Wind=
ows XP Professional or Longhorn Edition</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a hre=
f=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?7>Microsoft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-imag=
es.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82=
 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0 width=3D222><tr><td noWrap width=
=3D59><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap width=3D166=
><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp:=
//%25RND_URL/?M><select name=3DD1> <option selected>See Other Options</opt=
ion> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?l><in=
put type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/sea=
rch-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 width=3D=
21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp:/=
/%25RND_URL/?3> <img height=3D201 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/=
B00005MOTH.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg width=3D160 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod=
_image hspace=3D5></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 cell=
Padding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D19 width=3D184><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlig=
n=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></t=
d><td height=3D18 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D10=
1><span class=3Dlistprice>$279.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vA=
lign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td>=
<td height=3D18 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101>=
<b class=3Dprice>$49.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop no=
Wrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td height=3D=
1 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 width=3D101><span class=3Dp=
rice>$229.01 (85%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?w> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/0=
1/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br=
> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:=
</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span clas=
s=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?F>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&n=
bsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?n>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3D=
http://%25RND_URL/?c>Other Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Fea=
tures:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dtiny><font si=
ze=3D1>Designed for businesses of all sizes </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall=
><font size=3D1>Manage digital pictures, music, video, DVDs, and more </fo=
nt></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>More security with the ability t=
o encrypt files and folders </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>=
Built-in voice, video, and instant messaging support </font></li> <li clas=
s=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Integration with Windows servers and management s=
olutions </font></li></ul><p><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #2<br> =
<b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International/US or via instant download<br>=
 <b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny=
><b>Average Customer Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars"=
 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-rev=
iews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 868 reviews. <a href=3D=
http://%25RND_URL/?T>Write a review</a>.</font></p> </span><hr noShade SIZ=
E=3D1><table border=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-co=
llapse: collapse" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber2 heig=
ht=3D337><tr><td width=3D100% height=3D337><b class=3Dsans>Adobe Photoshop=
 CS2 V 9.0</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?k>Adob=
e</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promoti=
ons/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table bo=
rder=3D0><tr><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop =
noWrap><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3D=
http://%25RND_URL/?H> <select name=3DD2> <option selected>See Other Option=
s</option> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://=
%25RND_URL/?U><input type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.co=
m/images/G/01/search-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 n=
ame=3DI1 width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p=
><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?A> <img height=3D181 src=3Dhttp://images.ama=
zon.com/images/P/B0008GM97I.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D193 align=3Dleft b=
order=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacin=
g=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D44 width=3D190><tr><td class=3Ds=
mall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Pri=
ce:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 =
width=3D104> <span class=3Dlistprice>$599.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=
=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Pric=
e:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 w=
idth=3D104><b class=3Dprice>$69.99 </b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAl=
ign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D8 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td=
><td height=3D8 width=3D13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D8 width=3D104><=
span class=3Dprice>$529.01 (90%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp=
://%25RND_URL/?h> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/=
G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br>=
<br> <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Co=
de:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span c=
lass=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?L>System requirements</a>&nbsp; =
|&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?0>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a hr=
ef=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?a>Other Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D=
1>Features:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dsmall><f=
ont size=3D1>Customized workspace; save personalized workspace and tool se=
ttings; create customized shortcuts </font> </li> <li class=3Dsmall><font =
size=3D1>Unparalleled efficiency--automate production tasks with built-in =
or customized scripts </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Improv=
ed file management, new design possibilities, and a more intuitive way to =
create for the Web </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Support f=
or 16-bit images, digital camera raw data, and non-square pixels </font></=
li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Create or modify photos using paintin=
g, drawing, and retouching tools</font></li></ul> </span><p><span class=3D=
tiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #3<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International=
/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 200=
5<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Review:</b> <img heigh=
t=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/=
01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> B=
ased on 498 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://%25RND_URL/?N>Write a review</a>.</f=
ont></p></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></form></td>=
</tr></table></body></html>

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Subject: MS Office 2003 Pro $69.95 XP
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<html><head><style type=3Dtext/css>.eyebrow { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE=
: 10px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: uppercase; COLOR: #ffffff; FONT-FAMILY: verdana,ar=
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CORATION: none }</style><title>P</title><meta http-equiv=3DContent-Type co=
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ce Pro 2003</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8=
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nt></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerda=
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ss=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>See more by this manufacturer=
</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nb=
sp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a=
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4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdan=
a,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?O>A</a></font><a =
href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?X><font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>=
pple Software</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td colSpan=
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tomers also bought</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td=
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ont></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></tabl=
e><p></p><br><p><br></p><p></p><p></p></td><td vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft w=
idth=3D522><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Office Professional Edition *2003*</b=
><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?P>Microsoft</a> <im=
g border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/stick=
er/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0>=
<tr><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap><t=
able cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://o=
eming.net/?E><select name=3Dedit1> <option selected>See Other Options</opt=
ion> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?A><in=
put type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/sea=
rch-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3Dsubmit.disp=
lay-variation width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></tab=
le> <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?f> <img height=3D190 src=3Dhttp://images.=
amazon.com/images/P/B0000AZJVC.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D158 align=3Dlef=
t border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall><table cellSpacing=
=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D21 width=3D189><tr><td class=3Dsm=
all vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Pric=
e:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 w=
idth=3D105><span class=3Dlistprice>$899.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3D=
small vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:<=
/b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 widt=
h=3D105><b class=3Dprice>$69.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3D=
top noWrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td h=
eight=3D1 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 width=3D105><span c=
lass=3Dprice>$830.01 (92%)</span></td></tr></table><br> <a href=3Dhttp://o=
eming.net/?d> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01=
/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br>=
 <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:<=
/b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span class=
=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?E>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&nb=
sp; <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?d>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3D=
http://oeming.net/?k>Other Versions</a><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Feature=
s:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D=
1>Analyze and manage business information using Access databases </font></=
li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Exchange data with other systems usin=
g enhanced XML technology </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Co=
ntrol information sharing rules with enhanced IRM technology </font></li> =
<li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Easy-to-use wizards to create e-mail news=
letters and printed marketing materials </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><fo=
nt size=3D1>More than 20 preformatted business reports </font></li></ul> <=
/span><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #1<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shippin=
g:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires=
:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Re=
view:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.=
amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif widt=
h=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 1,768 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?R>=
Write a review</a>. </font><br clear=3Dall> <hr noShade SIZE=3D1><table bo=
rder=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-collapse: collaps=
e" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber1 height=3D233><tr><t=
d width=3D100% height=3D233><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Windows XP Professio=
nal or Longhorn Edition</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://oemin=
g.net/?F>Microsoft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/im=
ages/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></s=
pan><br><table border=3D0 width=3D222><tr><td noWrap width=3D59><b class=3D=
small>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap width=3D166><table cellSpaci=
ng=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?v><=
select name=3DD1> <option selected>See Other Options</option> </select></a=
></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?y><input type=3Dimage =
alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/search-browse/go-but=
ton-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 width=3D21 height=3D21></=
a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?K> <=
img height=3D201 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B00005MOTH.01.LZZ=
ZZZZZ.jpg width=3D160 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image hspace=3D5=
></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 borde=
r=3D0 height=3D19 width=3D184><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap al=
ign=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18=
 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101><span class=3Dl=
istprice>$279.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap=
 align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 w=
idth=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101><b class=3Dprice>=
$49.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Drigh=
t height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D10></=
td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 width=3D101><span class=3Dprice>$229.01 (8=
5%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?2> <img border=
=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yell=
ow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Ava=
ilable for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:<=
/b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp:/=
/oeming.net/?i>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://oemi=
ng.net/?x>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?P>Oth=
er Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font s=
ize=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dtiny><font size=3D1>Designed for busi=
nesses of all sizes </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Manage d=
igital pictures, music, video, DVDs, and more </font></li> <li class=3Dsma=
ll><font size=3D1>More security with the ability to encrypt files and fold=
ers </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Built-in voice, video, a=
nd instant messaging support </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1=
>Integration with Windows servers and management solutions </font></li></u=
l><p><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #2<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shipping=
:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires:=
</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Rev=
iew:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.a=
mazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif width=
=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 868 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?d>Wri=
te a review</a>.</font></p> </span><hr noShade SIZE=3D1><table border=3D0 =
cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-collapse: collapse" border=
color=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber2 height=3D337><tr><td width=3D=
100% height=3D337><b class=3Dsans>Adobe Photoshop CS2 V 9.0</b><br> <span =
class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?Z>Adobe</a> <img border=3D0 src=
=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_versio=
n.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0><tr><td noWrap><=
b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap><table cellSpacing=
=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?U> <s=
elect name=3DD2> <option selected>See Other Options</option> </select></a>=
</td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?7><input type=3Dimage a=
lt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/search-browse/go-butt=
on-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 width=3D21 height=3D21></a=
></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?r> <i=
mg height=3D181 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B0008GM97I.01._SCL=
ZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D193 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <s=
pan class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 he=
ight=3D44 width=3D190><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dri=
ght height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D=
13></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D104> <span class=3Dlistprice=
>$599.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3D=
right height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D13=
></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D104><b class=3Dprice>$69.99 </=
b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=
=3D8 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td height=3D8 width=3D13></td><td c=
lass=3Dsmall height=3D8 width=3D104><span class=3Dprice>$529.01 (90=
%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?E> <img border=3D=
0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-=
short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Availa=
ble for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b>=
 CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://oe=
ming.net/?7>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.=
net/?J>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?n>Other =
Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font size=
=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Customized workspac=
e; save personalized workspace and tool settings; create customized shortc=
uts </font> </li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Unparalleled efficiency=
--automate production tasks with built-in or customized scripts </font></l=
i> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Improved file management, new design p=
ossibilities, and a more intuitive way to create for the Web </font></li> =
<li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Support for 16-bit images, digital camera=
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=3D1>Create or modify photos using painting, drawing, and retouching tools=
</font></li></ul> </span><p><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #3<br> <=
b class=3Dtiny>Shipping:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> =
<b>Date Coupon Expires:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny>=
<b>Average Customer Review:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" =
src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-revi=
ews/stars-5-0.gif width=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 498 reviews. <a href=3Dh=
ttp://oeming.net/?6>Write a review</a>.</font></p></td></tr></table></td><=
/tr></table></td></tr></table></form></td></tr></table></body></html>

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Reply-To: "Laura Stephenson" <LaurenceElliot@agriculturalfinance.co.uk>
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Subject: MS Office 2003 Pro $69.95 XP
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<html><head><style type=3Dtext/css>.eyebrow { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE=
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ial,helvetica,sans-serif; TEXT-DECORATION: none } A.eyebrow:link { TEXT-DE=
CORATION: none }</style><title>P</title><meta http-equiv=3DContent-Type co=
ntent=3D"text/html; charset=3Dwindows-1252"><meta content=3D"Microsoft Win=
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</a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerd=
ana size=3D1>8</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helv=
etica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?z>Windows 2003 Server</a></fo=
nt></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8><font face=3DVerda=
na size=3D1>9</font></td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helve=
tica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?9>Alias Maya 6 Wavefrt</a></fo=
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etica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?D>Adobe Premiere</a></font></=
td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td colSpan=3D2 width=3D141><span cla=
ss=3Dsmall><b> <font face=3DVerdana size=3D1>See more by this manufacturer=
</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nb=
sp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a=
 href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?W>Microsoft</a></font></td></tr><tr><td width=3D=
4>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D8>&nbsp;</td><td width=3D129> <font face=3Dverdan=
a,arial,helvetica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?O>A</a></font><a =
href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?X><font face=3Dverdana,arial,helvetica size=3D1>=
pple Software</font></a></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td><td colSpan=
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tomers also bought</font></b></span></td></tr><tr><td width=3D4>&nbsp;</td=
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etica size=3D1> <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?h>these other items...</a></f=
ont></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></table></td></tr></tabl=
e><p></p><br><p><br></p><p></p><p></p></td><td vAlign=3Dtop align=3Dleft w=
idth=3D522><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Office Professional Edition *2003*</b=
><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?P>Microsoft</a> <im=
g border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/promotions/stick=
er/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></span><br><table border=3D0>=
<tr><td noWrap><b class=3Dsmall>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap><t=
able cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://o=
eming.net/?E><select name=3Dedit1> <option selected>See Other Options</opt=
ion> </select></a></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?A><in=
put type=3Dimage alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/sea=
rch-browse/go-button-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3Dsubmit.disp=
lay-variation width=3D21 height=3D21></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></tab=
le> <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?f> <img height=3D190 src=3Dhttp://images.=
amazon.com/images/P/B0000AZJVC.01._SCLZZZZZZZ_.jpg width=3D158 align=3Dlef=
t border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image></a> <span class=3Dsmall><table cellSpacing=
=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0 height=3D21 width=3D189><tr><td class=3Dsm=
all vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Pric=
e:</b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 w=
idth=3D105><span class=3Dlistprice>$899.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3D=
small vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:<=
/b></td><td height=3D18 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 widt=
h=3D105><b class=3Dprice>$69.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3D=
top noWrap align=3Dright height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td h=
eight=3D1 width=3D11></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 width=3D105><span c=
lass=3Dprice>$830.01 (92%)</span></td></tr></table><br> <a href=3Dhttp://o=
eming.net/?d> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01=
/buttons/add-to-cart-yellow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br>=
 <b>Availability:</b> Available for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:<=
/b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:</b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span class=
=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?E>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&nb=
sp; <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?d>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3D=
http://oeming.net/?k>Other Versions</a><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Feature=
s:</font></b><font size=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D=
1>Analyze and manage business information using Access databases </font></=
li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Exchange data with other systems usin=
g enhanced XML technology </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Co=
ntrol information sharing rules with enhanced IRM technology </font></li> =
<li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Easy-to-use wizards to create e-mail news=
letters and printed marketing materials </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><fo=
nt size=3D1>More than 20 preformatted business reports </font></li></ul> <=
/span><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #1<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shippin=
g:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires=
:</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Re=
view:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.=
amazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif widt=
h=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 1,768 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?R>=
Write a review</a>. </font><br clear=3Dall> <hr noShade SIZE=3D1><table bo=
rder=3D0 cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-collapse: collaps=
e" bordercolor=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber1 height=3D233><tr><t=
d width=3D100% height=3D233><b class=3Dsans>Microsoft Windows XP Professio=
nal or Longhorn Edition</b><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp://oemin=
g.net/?F>Microsoft</a> <img border=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/im=
ages/G/01/promotions/sticker/newest_version.gif width=3D82 height=3D14></s=
pan><br><table border=3D0 width=3D222><tr><td noWrap width=3D59><b class=3D=
small>Choose:</b></td><td vAlign=3Dtop noWrap width=3D166><table cellSpaci=
ng=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 border=3D0><tr><td><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?v><=
select name=3DD1> <option selected>See Other Options</option> </select></a=
></td><td noWrap>&nbsp;<a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?y><input type=3Dimage =
alt=3DGo src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/search-browse/go-but=
ton-software.gif value=3DGo border=3D0 name=3DI1 width=3D21 height=3D21></=
a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?K> <=
img height=3D201 src=3Dhttp://images.amazon.com/images/P/B00005MOTH.01.LZZ=
ZZZZZ.jpg width=3D160 align=3Dleft border=3D0 name=3Dprod_image hspace=3D5=
></a> <span class=3Dsmall></p><table cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 borde=
r=3D0 height=3D19 width=3D184><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap al=
ign=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>List Price:</b></td><td height=3D18=
 width=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101><span class=3Dl=
istprice>$279.00</span></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap=
 align=3Dright height=3D18 width=3D73> <b>Price:</b></td><td height=3D18 w=
idth=3D10></td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D18 width=3D101><b class=3Dprice>=
$49.99</b></td></tr><tr><td class=3Dsmall vAlign=3Dtop noWrap align=3Drigh=
t height=3D1 width=3D73> <b>You Save:</b></td><td height=3D1 width=3D10></=
td><td class=3Dsmall height=3D1 width=3D101><span class=3Dprice>$229.01 (8=
5%)</span></td></tr></table><p><a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?2> <img border=
=3D0 src=3Dhttp://g-images.amazon.com/images/G/01/buttons/add-to-cart-yell=
ow-short.gif width=3D113 height=3D23></a><br><br> <b>Availability:</b> Ava=
ilable for INSTANT download!<br> <b>Coupon Code:</b> ISe229<br> <b>Media:<=
/b> CD-ROM / Download<br> </span><br> <span class=3Dsmall><a href=3Dhttp:/=
/oeming.net/?i>System requirements</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://oemi=
ng.net/?x>Accessories</a>&nbsp; |&nbsp; <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?P>Oth=
er Versions</a></p><p></p><p><b><font size=3D1>Features:</font></b><font s=
ize=3D1> </font></p><ul> <li class=3Dtiny><font size=3D1>Designed for busi=
nesses of all sizes </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Manage d=
igital pictures, music, video, DVDs, and more </font></li> <li class=3Dsma=
ll><font size=3D1>More security with the ability to encrypt files and fold=
ers </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1>Built-in voice, video, a=
nd instant messaging support </font></li> <li class=3Dsmall><font size=3D1=
>Integration with Windows servers and management solutions </font></li></u=
l><p><span class=3Dtiny><b>Sales Rank:</b> #2<br> <b class=3Dtiny>Shipping=
:</b> International/US or via instant download<br> <b>Date Coupon Expires:=
</b> June 30th, 2005<br> </span><font class=3Dtiny><b>Average Customer Rev=
iew:</b> <img height=3D12 alt=3D"5 out of 5 stars" src=3Dhttp://g-images.a=
mazon.com/images/G/01/x-locale/common/customer-reviews/stars-5-0.gif width=
=3D64 border=3D0> Based on 868 reviews. <a href=3Dhttp://oeming.net/?d>Wri=
te a review</a>.</font></p> </span><hr noShade SIZE=3D1><table border=3D0 =
cellpadding=3D0 cellspacing=3D0 style=3D"border-collapse: collapse" border=
color=3D#111111 width=3D100% id=3DAutoNumber2 height=3D337><tr><td width=3D=
100% height=3D337><b class=3Dsans>Adobe Photoshop CS2 V 9.0</b><br> <span =
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Date: Tue, 31 May 2005 17:35:56 -0500
From: Rick Mesta <Ricardo.Mesta@Sun.COM>
To: Andreas Gustafsson <gson@araneus.fi>, Rob Austein <sra@isc.org>
Cc: Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>, Olaf Kolkman <okolkman@ripe.net>,
        namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Brian Pawlowski <beepy@netapp.com>,
        Spencer Shepler <Spencer.Shepler@Sun.COM>, nfsv4@ietf.org,
        Rick Mesta <Ricardo.Mesta@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: draft-mesta-nfs4id-dns-rr-01
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Reply-To: Rick Mesta <Ricardo.Mesta@Sun.COM>
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	Hi Rob / Andreas,

	 I believe we're slowly diverging from the original intent
	of this draft.

	 In the I-D, I incorrectly emphasized the aspect of "default
	domain" and how it is derived when using it as a motivating
	example. It is primarily an implementation suggestion to use
	the DNS domain as the NFSv4 domain in the absence of other
	configuration information. I would have been more correct to
	talk about the use of the "current DNS domain".

 	 What we're really trying to accomplish by the introduction
	of the NFS4ID RR is to provide a way to determine the NFSv4
	domain name for a given DNS domain.

	 NFSv4 clients and servers may interact with multiple other
	clients and servers in many different DNS domains. While it
	is suggested that the NFSv4 domain be exactly the DNS domain,
	it is not required. Therefore, for the system to use the
	correct domain for user and group, it needs to know what the
	NFSv4 domain, for the given DNS domain, is.

	DHCP is primarily for providing per-host configuration
	parameters. Not unlike an MX record, the NFSv4 domain is
	a per DNS domain parameter.

	Using a DNS record allows:

        1) A DNS domain wide configuration of a NFSv4 domain name
	   that is different from the DNS domain. For example, a
	   domain hierarchy that has a flat user space may want a
	   common "foo.com" NFSv4 domain similar to how organizations
	   place all e-mail accounts in the highest common domain.

        2) An NFSv4 node may be interacting with multiple other
	   nodes in different domains and need to know the other's
	   NFSv4 domain name. The interaction may be dynamic and
	   such that there is no apriori knowledge of which domains
	   it will access. Thus it is not reasonable to configure
	   DHCP to provide all possible domains via DHCP.

	3) NFSv4 is not necessarily a single per-host service. There
	   are user level (e.g. browsers) implementations that may
	   not desire to have the common per-host DHCP parameters.

	The NFSv4 domain name is a per domain network parameter that
	needs also to be visible between domains. Therefore, a per
	host protocol such as DHCP is not appropriate.

		rick


On Fri, May 27, 2005 at 02:20:57PM +0300, Andreas Gustafsson wrote:
| I have some comments on draft-mesta-nfs4id-dns-rr-01.
| 
| As others have pointed out, the DNS protocol and the DNS standards
| have no concept of a "default domain".  Some stub resolver
| implementations do, but even there it tends to be deprecated in favor
| of a "domain search list".
| 
| It seems to me that there is no need to create, or any advantage to
| creating, a connection or dependency between NFSv4 and the DNS other
| than simply saying that the thing following the @ has the syntactic
| form of a domain name, and _by convention_ it is equal to some DNS
| domain belonging to the organization at hand.
| 
| Rather than tying the NFSv4 ID to the ill-defined concept of a
| "default domain", it should simply be configured separately, using the
| same mechanisms used to configure other network parameters of the
| host.  Typically this would be DHCP, or if DHCP cannot be used, a
| configuration file.  Instead of defining a NFS4ID RR type, it would
| therefore make more sense to define a NFS4ID DHCP option.
| 
| Regards,
| -- 
| Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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