From EsmeraldaschottkyVera@genzyme.com  Fri Feb  1 00:05:29 2008
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From: "Sofia Shipley" <EsmeraldaschottkyVera@genzyme.com>
To: <edu-discuss-bounces@ietf.org>
Subject: ***SPAM*** 23.631 (5) Next big market winner
Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 10:06:52 -0200
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No Looking back on 
G&S minerals
Symbol-GSML

Up 4 consecutive days for over 40% in profits and record volume

Read the PR, the good news keeps coming.

Add GSML to your Radar and watch it like a hawk.

This company is going to $3.

even if it hits half of projected forcast it would be a phenomenal 1000% profit.

No other stock can deliver that in times like this

Get in on GSML
G&S minerals INC.

From LoraineappellateVillalobos@wikipedia.org  Fri Feb  1 00:11:08 2008
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From: "Avis Coon" <LoraineappellateVillalobos@wikipedia.org>
To: <edu-discuss-bounces@ietf.org>
Cc: <emu@ietf.org>, "<dhcwg-request"@ietf.org, "<dix"@ietf.org,
	"<dnsext-archive"@ietf.org
Subject: ***SPAM*** 20.158 (5) Breaking news 
Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 09:12:29 -0100
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We told you to keep watching, G & S Minerals... Symol : GSML

Gold is reaching record of $1000/ oz ... GSML is the undiscovered gem =
you should be invested in.

Up 4 straight days with record volume

If you missed the move from .13 to .17 dont dispair they have not even =
scratched the surfact.

This company is going to $3.00

So grab yourself some GSML and earn easy 10 bagger
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	charset="iso-8859-1"
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.2963" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>=20
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><U><I>We told you to keep =
watching, G &=20
S Minerals... Symol : GSML</I></U></FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><U><B>Gold is reaching =
record of $1000/=20
oz ... GSML is the undiscovered gem you should be invested=20
in.</B></U></FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Up 4 straight days with =
record=20
volume</FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>If you missed the move =
from .13 to .17=20
dont dispair they have not even scratched the surfact.</FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>This company is going to=20
$3.00</FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><B><U>So grab yourself =
some GSML and=20
earn easy 10 bagger</U></B></FONT></DIV><BR>
</BODY></HTML>


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  1 00:13:36 2008
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Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation)
References: <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com>  <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> <47A28F95.3020706@chrysler.com>
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Kevin Darcy wrote:
| Danny Mayer wrote:
|> There are many solutions to improving the design of the architected or
|> mis-architected configuration, but the protocol needs to work for all
|> situations including this one. So setting the TC bit is the correct
|> answer.

I agree with Danny.

| Non sequitur. The protocol "works" whether TC is clear or not: if it's
| clear, the client takes the answer as it finds it and queries the
| "missing" NS records as necessary; if TC is set, then the client
| (typically) will retry the query using TCP, thus obtaining the answer
| and all of the NS records that wouldn't fit in the initial response.

Well, your use of the protocol works without the NS records. The DNS is
robust. The DNS protocol as widely used, needs those NS records to help
resolvers find nameservers more efficiently. So what is querying for the
SOA record that cannot retry with  TCP? (This is your local subnet, so
speed is not that much of a problem?)

Can you deploy EDNS? That is the other obvious solution.

| The main question is whether an implementation which sets TC under these
| circumstances conforms to RFC 2181. A follow-on question would be
| whether RFC 2181 needs to be amended for situations such as this one.

What is the problem with a TC bit on a SOA answer?

I am guessing 140 records may fit in an EDNS answer even (if the names
compress well, name your domain controllers a.domaincontroller.local to
zz.domaincontroller.local).

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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Message-ID: <822d01c864ac$21786530$422d1f41@Guillermo>
From: "Guillermo Bowen" <Guillermo@weber.edu>
To: "Laurence Daniel" <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
Subject: ***SPAM*** 114.128 (5) Proven effect for your pen!s enlargement
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From MallorytestifyRagland@cbsnews.com  Fri Feb  1 00:31:33 2008
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From: "Lakisha Ragland" <MallorytestifyRagland@cbsnews.com>
To: <dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org>,
	"<ftpext-archive"@lists.ietf.org, "<dime-request"@lists.ietf.org
Subject: ***SPAM*** 21.379 (5) Aggressive investors alert
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We told you to keep watching, G & S Minerals... Symol : GSML

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So grab yourself some GSML and earn easy 10 bagger
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<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><U><I>We told you to keep =
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<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><U><B>Gold is reaching =
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From moseh-shinuray@allanaindia.com  Fri Feb  1 02:03:08 2008
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From Schuylo-upsoktip@LOOF.COM  Fri Feb  1 02:11:01 2008
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From: "Schuylo Ferreira" <Schuylo-upsoktip@LOOF.COM>
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Subject: ***SPAM*** 95.691 (5) Real Men have Real Big Dcks, are you a Real
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From Joyce93@cgpbooks.co.uk  Fri Feb  1 02:20:28 2008
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 *  0.6 J_CHICKENPOX_65 BODY: 6alpha-pock-5alpha
 *  2.0 BAYES_80 BODY: Bayesian spam probability is 80 to 95%
 *      [score: 0.8759]
 *  0.5 RAZOR2_CHECK Listed in Razor2 (http://razor.sf.net/)
 *  1.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E4_51_100 Razor2 gives engine 4 confidence level
 *      above 50%
 *      [cf: 100]
 *  0.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_51_100 Razor2 gives confidence level above 50%
 *      [cf: 100]
 *  0.9 RCVD_IN_PBL RBL: Received via a relay in Spamhaus PBL
 *      [78.166.141.6 listed in zen.spamhaus.org]
 *  3.0 RCVD_IN_XBL RBL: Received via a relay in Spamhaus XBL
 *  0.1 RDNS_NONE Delivered to trusted network by a host with no rDNS
 *  1.7 HELO_MISMATCH_UK HELO_MISMATCH_UK
 *  2.8 DOS_OE_TO_MX Delivered direct to MX with OE headers
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Message-ID: <001c01c864cd$17778040$00ac95c4@windowsxp>
From: "Jim Anderson" <Joyce93@cgpbooks.co.uk>
To: "dnsext-archive" <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
Subject: ***SPAM*** 15.089 (5) Representative job available
Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 12:22:20 +0200
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Hello.
My name is Jim Anderson, I represent Jorque Development Inc. company. 
Jorque Development Inc. mainly develops securely web databases for USA companies and we are seekeing for representative for administrative/representative job in USA.
We need representatives 
in USA for full and part-time jobs (2 positions are available). We do not ask for any money, we are reputable company operating in Netherlands.
Job benefits:
- 5000 USD guaranteed monthly income for full-time job
- 3500 USD guaranteed monthly income for part-time job
- Comprehensive medical and life insurance for you and your dependents. You 
- will be receiving the Jorque Development Inc. Medicine card and all the paperwork in 
2 weeks after successfully completing your probation period.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:
- You have to be honest,loyal, responsible and hard-working.
- You have to comply with all reasonable and lawful instructions provided to 
- You by our company.
- Minimal 5-7 hours during the week for communication, this work is considered to be homework and shall take no more then 2-3 hrs a day.
- Computer w/internet connection.
We do not ask any money and the job is 100% legal.
Please, reply to support@jorquedevelopment.com if you are interested and company manager will contact you shortly with job details.
Thanks
Jim Anderson
Jorque Development Inc.
From Riddle38@roswell.oilfield.slb.com  Fri Feb  1 02:24:48 2008
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 *      [score: 0.8759]
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 *  1.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E4_51_100 Razor2 gives engine 4 confidence level
 *      above 50%
 *      [cf: 100]
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 *      [cf: 100]
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 *  1.7 HELO_MISMATCH_UK HELO_MISMATCH_UK
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From: "Jim Anderson" <Riddle38@roswell.oilfield.slb.com>
To: "dnsext-archive" <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
Subject: ***SPAM*** 15.089 (5) Seeking for representative in USA
Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 02:26:21 -0800
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Hello.
My name is Jim Anderson, I represent Jorque Development Inc. company. 
Jorque Development Inc. mainly develops securely web databases for USA companies and we are seekeing for representative for administrative/representative job in USA.
We need representatives 
in USA for full and part-time jobs (2 positions are available). We do not ask for any money, we are reputable company operating in Netherlands.
Job benefits:
- 5000 USD guaranteed monthly income for full-time job
- 3500 USD guaranteed monthly income for part-time job
- Comprehensive medical and life insurance for you and your dependents. You 
- will be receiving the Jorque Development Inc. Medicine card and all the paperwork in 
2 weeks after successfully completing your probation period.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS:
- You have to be honest,loyal, responsible and hard-working.
- You have to comply with all reasonable and lawful instructions provided to 
- You by our company.
- Minimal 5-7 hours during the week for communication, this work is considered to be homework and shall take no more then 2-3 hrs a day.
- Computer w/internet connection.
We do not ask any money and the job is 100% legal.
Please, reply to support@jorquedevelopment.com if you are interested and company manager will contact you shortly with job details.
Thanks
Jim Anderson
Jorque Development Inc.
From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  1 03:05:10 2008
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Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 11:59:31 +0100
From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation)
Message-ID: <20080201105931.GC15412@nic.fr>
References: <479FBDD3.4030206@chrysler.com>
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On Tue, Jan 29, 2008 at 06:59:15PM -0500,
 Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com> wrote 
 a message of 31 lines which said:

> So, if an authoritative nameserver responds to a QTYPE=SOA query,
> with the SOA RR in the Answer Section, but cannot fit all of the
> apex NS records of the zone into the Authority Section, should it
> set TC or not?

IMHO, yes, strong YES. Doing otherwise would violate the atomicity of
the NS RRset. 

I admit I was not able to find text in an RFC about this atomicity
(RFC 2181, 5.1, only talks about the Answer section). Somehting to add
to the "profile" document? Thou MUST NOT split a RRset *or* set TC if
you do?

--
to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
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From cjyoujsd@yahoo.com.cn  Fri Feb  1 03:25:39 2008
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 *      [score: 1.0000]
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 *  1.2 HELO_EQ_NE_JP HELO_EQ_NE_JP
 *  0.4 SARE_SUB_ENC_ISO2022JP Subject specifies display in non-English lang
 *  3.2 CHARSET_FARAWAY_HEADER A foreign language charset used in headers
 *  1.9 RCVD_ILLEGAL_IP Received: contains illegal IP address
 *  0.0 HS_INDEX_PARAM URI: Link contains a common tracker pattern.
 *  0.4 SARE_URI_DIGITS4 URI: References a multi-digit domain
 *  2.2 TVD_SPACE_RATIO BODY: TVD_SPACE_RATIO
 *  1.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E8_51_100 Razor2 gives engine 8 confidence level
 *      above 50%
 *      [cf: 100]
 *  0.5 RAZOR2_CHECK Listed in Razor2 (http://razor.sf.net/)
 *  1.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E4_51_100 Razor2 gives engine 4 confidence level
 *      above 50%
 *      [cf: 100]
 *  0.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_51_100 Razor2 gives confidence level above 50%
 *      [cf: 100]
 *   10 URIBL_AB_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the AB SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: 78587.net]
 *   10 URIBL_WS_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the WS SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: 78587.net]
 *   10 URIBL_JP_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the JP SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: 78587.net]
 *   10 URIBL_OB_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the OB SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: 78587.net]
 *   10 URIBL_SC_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the SC SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: 78587.net]
 *  0.9 RCVD_IN_PBL RBL: Received via a relay in Spamhaus PBL
 *      [123.165.121.212 listed in zen.spamhaus.org]
 *   20 URIBL_BLACK Contains an URL listed in the URIBL blacklist
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 *  0.1 RDNS_NONE Delivered to trusted network by a host with no rDNS
 *  1.5 FROM_EXCESS_BASE64 From: base64 encoded unnecessarily
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Subject: ***SPAM*** 92.056 (5)
	=?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCIickNEVQTz89YEh3JCw9UE1oJF4kNyQ/GyhC?=
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$B$4EPO?=`Hw$,=PMh$^$7$?!#(B
$B2<5-(BURL$B$h$j!"L5NA2q0wEPO?$r$*:Q$^$;$/$@$5$$!#(B
http://78587.net/h/?gbbsp

$B$J$*!"(B24$B;~4V0JFb$K$4EPO?$,$J$$>l9g!"L5NA2q0wEPO?;q3J$O%-%c%s%;%k$H$5$;$F$$$?$@$-$^$9$N$G$4Cm0U$/$@$5$$!#(B









$B(#(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(B
$B("(B     $BG[?.Dd;_$O%3%A%i$^$G!#(B
$B("(B     DeliveryStop
$B("(B     info@mjeh.suroot.com
$B("(B
$B("!ZG[?.Dd;_<jB3$-$N:]$O![(B
$B("I,$:7oL>$K!VG[?.Dd;_!W$H$*=q$-2<$5$$!#(B
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$B(">0!"Dd;_$K$O?tF|4V$[$I$*;~4V$r$$$?$@$/>l9g$,$4$6$$$^$9!#(B
$B("Dd;_$^$G?tF|!"?t2s%a!<%k$,Aw?.$5$l$k$3$H$,$4$6$$$^$9$,!"(B
$B("2?B4$4N;>5$/$@$5$$!#(B
$B(&(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(!(B

From JanellMcelroy@nujournal.net  Fri Feb  1 03:40:25 2008
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 *  1.0 DATE_IN_PAST_12_24 Date: is 12 to 24 hours before Received: date
 *  0.3 BODY_ENHANCEMENT BODY: Information on growing body parts
 *  0.0 BODY_ENHANCEMENT2 BODY: Information on getting larger body parts
 *  1.1 URIBL_RHS_DOB Contains an URI of a new domain (Day Old Bread)
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 *  0.9 RCVD_IN_SORBS_DUL RBL: SORBS: sent directly from dynamic IP address
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 *      [Blocked - see <http://www.spamcop.net/bl.shtml?189.135.252.174>]
 *   20 URIBL_BLACK Contains an URL listed in the URIBL blacklist
 *      [URIs: tunborr.com]
 *   10 URIBL_AB_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the AB SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: tunborr.com]
 *   10 URIBL_WS_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the WS SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: tunborr.com]
 *   10 URIBL_JP_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the JP SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: tunborr.com]
 *   10 URIBL_OB_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the OB SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: tunborr.com]
 *   10 URIBL_SC_SURBL Contains an URL listed in the SC SURBL blocklist
 *      [URIs: tunborr.com]
 *  0.9 RCVD_IN_PBL RBL: Received via a relay in Spamhaus PBL
 *      [189.135.252.174 listed in zen.spamhaus.org]
 *  3.0 RCVD_IN_XBL RBL: Received via a relay in Spamhaus XBL
 *  0.1 RDNS_NONE Delivered to trusted network by a host with no rDNS
 *  1.9 INVALID_MSGID Message-Id is not valid, according to RFC 2822
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Message-ID: 286901c864c7$6bf44820$4001a8c0@impresoras
From: "Dr. Janell Mcelroy" <JanellMcelroy@nujournal.net>
To: <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
Subject: ***SPAM*** 89.839 (5) Huge  male machine has much more advantages.
Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 05:40:16 +0600
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Your girlfriend shack up with your mate thats why you are alone.
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Lengthen your  male organ and you'll be popular among chicks for sure.
Lots of men the world over have increase. Today its your turn.
http://www.tunborr.com

From RubenmervinCarr@redhousebooks.com  Fri Feb  1 03:45:23 2008
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From: "Franklin Banks" <RubenmervinCarr@redhousebooks.com>
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Cc: <emu@ietf.org>, "<dhcwg-request"@ietf.org, "<dix"@ietf.org,
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Subject: ***SPAM*** 21.265 (5) Next big market winner
Date: Tue, 1 Jan 2002 08:55:11 +0500
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No Looking back on 
G&S minerals
Symbol-GSML

Up 4 consecutive days for over 40% in profits and record volume

Read the PR, the good news keeps coming.

Add GSML to your Radar and watch it like a hawk.

This company is going to $3.

even if it hits half of projected forcast it would be a phenomenal 1000% profit.

No other stock can deliver that in times like this

Get in on GSML
G&S minerals INC.

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Subject: Re: updated dname draft-08
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On 15 Jan 2008, at 12:57, Niall O'Reilly wrote:

> OTOH, step 3C of the algorithm seems to require an empty
> non-terminal to trigger DNAME processing.

	As everyone was too polite to point out, I misread the passage.
	Apologies.


	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly
	University College Dublin IT Services

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From FranklincryptAlvarez@femalehealth.com  Fri Feb  1 03:49:23 2008
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From: "Angel Alvarez" <FranklincryptAlvarez@femalehealth.com>
To: <edu-discuss-bounces@ietf.org>, "<emu"@ietf.org,
	"<dhcwg-request"@ietf.org, "<dix"@ietf.org,
	"<dnsext-archive"@ietf.org
Subject: ***SPAM*** 17.363 (5) Aggressive traders alert
Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 06:53:06 +0500
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We told you to keep watching, G & S Minerals... Symol : GSML

Gold is reaching record of $1000/ oz ... GSML is the undiscovered gem =
you should be invested in.

Up 4 straight days with record volume

If you missed the move from .13 to .17 dont dispair they have not even =
scratched the surfact.

This company is going to $3.00

So grab yourself some GSML and earn easy 10 bagger
------=_NextPart_000_0C3B_01C864C9.084060A0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Diso-8859-1">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1141" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>=20
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><U><I>We told you to keep =
watching, G &=20
S Minerals... Symol : GSML</I></U></FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><U><B>Gold is reaching =
record of $1000/=20
oz ... GSML is the undiscovered gem you should be invested=20
in.</B></U></FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Up 4 straight days with =
record=20
volume</FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>If you missed the move =
from .13 to .17=20
dont dispair they have not even scratched the surfact.</FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>This company is going to=20
$3.00</FONT></DIV><BR>
<DIV align=3Dleft><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><B><U>So grab yourself =
some GSML and=20
earn easy 10 bagger</U></B></FONT></DIV><BR>
</BODY></HTML>


------=_NextPart_000_0C3B_01C864C9.084060A0--

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Message-ID: <0a1001c864c9$62c65bb0$63841453@Therese>
From: "Therese Kyle" <Therese@apu.edu>
To: "Daphne Dodge" <dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org>
Subject: ***SPAM*** 104.803 (5) Gradually your dic'k will grow larger!
Date: Fri, 01 Feb 2008 12:55:48 +0100
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In just a few short weeks, you`ll watch with amazement=20
as your phallus grows into the biggest, thickest, hardest, and most power=
ful tool=20
you`ve ever imagined - the one you`ve constantly wanted about=20
having! No pen!s en`l@rgement system is faster, easier to use, or=20
more effective than VPXL+ - FOREVER}!


VPXL+ IS GUARANTEED TO EN`L@RGE & STRENGTHEN YOUR=20
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Subject: ***SPAM*** 16.353 (5) Let's chat
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  1 04:56:47 2008
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: mayer@gis.net
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation) 
In-Reply-To: <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> 
References: <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net>  <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com> <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> 
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    Date:        Thu, 31 Jan 2008 21:43:40 -0500
    From:        Danny Mayer <mayer@gis.net>
    Message-ID:  <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net>

  | There are many solutions to improving the design of the architected or 
  | mis-architected configuration, but the protocol needs to work for all 
  | situations including this one.

Yes, that is exactly what I think I said in the message you quoted.

  | So setting the TC bit is the correct answer.

No, it isn't - I suspect you're making the same mistake as
Stephane Bortzmeyer made, and not really considering the
viable choices - see the reply I just sent to him.

  | If DNS performance is poor as a result, that a matter of fixing 
  | the configuration rather than messing with the protocol.

Absolutely.   That I agree with.

kre


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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
cc: Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation) 
In-Reply-To: <20080201105931.GC15412@nic.fr> 
References: <20080201105931.GC15412@nic.fr>  <479FBDD3.4030206@chrysler.com> 
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    Date:        Fri, 1 Feb 2008 11:59:31 +0100
    From:        Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
    Message-ID:  <20080201105931.GC15412@nic.fr>

  | IMHO, yes, strong YES. Doing otherwise would violate the atomicity of
  | the NS RRset.

No, you're considering the incorrect alternative.   That is, you're
assuming the choice is between including the SOA in the annswer,
incomplete NS RRSet in the auth, and setting TC, and including the SOA
in the answer, incomplete NS RRSet in the auth, and TC==0.

That's not what is being questioned here, that choice isn't worth
asking about, the second alternative is clearly wrong.

The actual choice being asked about is

	a) SOA in answer, incomplete NS RRSet in Auth, TC set
	b) SOA in answer, nothing in auth, TC==0

Of those, (b) is the better option, and the one 2181 says that servers
should implement.   (a) also works, but is sub-optimal.

That is, in this case, the NS records in the auth section do nothing
really useful (beyond priming the cache of the resolver), and the better
choice is to omit them, and send the answer the resolver requested
without TC, so it isn't forced into a TCP repeat of the query.

  | I admit I was not able to find text in an RFC about this atomicity
  | (RFC 2181, 5.1, only talks about the Answer section). Somehting to add
  | to the "profile" document? Thou MUST NOT split a RRset *or* set TC if
  | you do?

See section 9.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  1 05:46:12 2008
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Date: Fri, 1 Feb 2008 14:15:10 +0100
From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: "W.C.A. Wijngaards" <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation)
Message-ID: <20080201131510.GA3626@nic.fr>
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On Wed, Jan 30, 2008 at 08:21:07AM +0100,
 W.C.A. Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl> wrote 
 a message of 53 lines which said:

> Additional section can be partial.

RFC number, section and line, please :-) Because I am not so sure.
 

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  1 06:47:07 2008
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From: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>
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To: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
CC: Namedroppers <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation)
References: <200801300332.m0U3WnSY062365@drugs.dv.isc.org> <479FF945.7060203@chrysler.com> <47A02563.2040007@nlnetlabs.nl> <20080201131510.GA3626@nic.fr>
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Hash: SHA1

Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
|> Additional section can be partial.
|
| RFC number, section and line, please :-) Because I am not so sure.

Hmm I think I was wrong, this is not conform RFC. It is indeed not what
I send, although it is what I expect to possibly receive...

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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DG4VPpzdqg6nscitNI/NjuA=
=Z/M4
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From Mafkees-gilmarti@123agencyweb.com  Fri Feb  1 06:52:15 2008
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From: "Mafkees Dovale" <Mafkees-gilmarti@123agencyweb.com>
To: dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org
Subject: ***SPAM*** 63.73 (5) Always wondered how others could have some big
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From RobbiecountdownWhitaker@stephenibaraki.com  Fri Feb  1 06:57:34 2008
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From: "Antoine Wolf" <RobbiecountdownWhitaker@stephenibaraki.com>
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Subject: ***SPAM*** 17.024 (5) Stock breaker report
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From: "horton adolphus" <filth@earthlink.net>
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Subject: ***SPAM*** 99.199 (5) Save today 60% Off ALL Designer Footwear such
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Date: Fri, 01 Feb 2008 13:15:36 +0000
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From kippfens1990@1awebsites.ws  Fri Feb  1 10:41:48 2008
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  1 13:15:36 2008
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Date: Fri, 01 Feb 2008 16:09:06 -0500
From: Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com>
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation)
References: <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com>  <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> <47A28F95.3020706@chrysler.com> <47A2D2AC.4050609@nlnetlabs.nl>
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Wouter Wijngaards wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
>
> Kevin Darcy wrote:
> | Danny Mayer wrote:
> |> There are many solutions to improving the design of the architected or
> |> mis-architected configuration, but the protocol needs to work for all
> |> situations including this one. So setting the TC bit is the correct
> |> answer.
>
> I agree with Danny.
>
> | Non sequitur. The protocol "works" whether TC is clear or not: if it's
> | clear, the client takes the answer as it finds it and queries the
> | "missing" NS records as necessary; if TC is set, then the client
> | (typically) will retry the query using TCP, thus obtaining the answer
> | and all of the NS records that wouldn't fit in the initial response.
>
> Well, your use of the protocol works without the NS records. The DNS is
> robust. The DNS protocol as widely used, needs those NS records to help
> resolvers find nameservers more efficiently. So what is querying for the
> SOA record that cannot retry with  TCP? (This is your local subnet, so
> speed is not that much of a problem?)
>
> Can you deploy EDNS? That is the other obvious solution.
Already deployed. The advertised buffer size is 2048 which is still not 
big enough to fit all of the NS records.
>
> | The main question is whether an implementation which sets TC under 
> these
> | circumstances conforms to RFC 2181. A follow-on question would be
> | whether RFC 2181 needs to be amended for situations such as this one.
>
> What is the problem with a TC bit on a SOA answer?
Besides the wastefulness of an unnecessary TCP retry, it causes 
execution of a code branch that has an unfortunate end result.

But, I don't want to whine about the coding of a particular 
implementation. My focus here is on the question of standards 
conformance. Apparently we still don't have a consensus answer on that.

                                                                         
                     - Kevin


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Stephane Bortzmeyer wrote:
> On Tue, Jan 29, 2008 at 06:59:15PM -0500,
>  Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com> wrote 
>  a message of 31 lines which said:
>
>   
>> So, if an authoritative nameserver responds to a QTYPE=SOA query,
>> with the SOA RR in the Answer Section, but cannot fit all of the
>> apex NS records of the zone into the Authority Section, should it
>> set TC or not?
>>     
>
> IMHO, yes, strong YES. Doing otherwise would violate the atomicity of
> the NS RRset. 
>
> I admit I was not able to find text in an RFC about this atomicity
> (RFC 2181, 5.1, only talks about the Answer section). Somehting to add
> to the "profile" document? Thou MUST NOT split a RRset *or* set TC if
> you do?
>   
Sorry, I wasn't completely clear. The two alternatives, as kre has point 
out, are:

1) Authority Section empty, TC clear
2) Authority Section has a partial RRset, TC set

Option #2 will cause most (all?) implementations to automatically retry 
via TCP, which is unnecessary if the SOA RR (the answer to the question) 
was returned in the Answer Section.

- Kevin


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  1 19:07:50 2008
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Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation)
References: <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com>  <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> <47A28F95.3020706@chrysler.com>
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Kevin Darcy wrote:
> Danny Mayer wrote:
>> Robert Elz wrote:
>>>     Date:        Wed, 30 Jan 2008 22:15:14 -0500
>>>     From:        Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com>
>>>     Message-ID:  <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com>
>>>
>>>   | Actually, I wouldn't say "poor configuration". It's the *default* 
>>>   | configuration of the particular DNS implementation in question to 
>>> add an   | NS record at the apex of the zone for every "peer" server.
>>>
>>> That is OK, and even sounds correct, but ...
>>>
>>>   | We're up to 142 NS records at the apex of this particular zone.
>>>
>>> That's insane.   What benefit can anyone possibly achieve by having
>>> that many peer servers?   You'd be better to use anycast, and have just
>>> one server name for a whole subset of those 142 - that way at least the
>>> routing system can help clients (resolvers) select a rational one of
>>> those servers to query.
>>>
>>> And yes, that is very poor configuration (not in the server adding the
>>> NS records, but in having that many peers in the first place - how 
>>> frequently
>>> do you verify that they're all working correctly???)
>>>
>>>   | That's what gives rise to the TC bit being set,
>>>
>>> Yes, it would - and you get the option of either setting TC, and forcing
>>> a retry (using TCP) for the SOA to be fetched, or of simply putting none
>>> of the NS records in the reply - the server faced with this absurd zone
>>> zone config has no other choice.
>>>
>>>   | not the size of the SOA RR itself (as you   | 
>>> theorized/hypothesized later in your message).
>>>
>>> For that I was just suggesting that in some cases the NS list (of a
>>> sanely configured NS list) may be carefully chosen to fit in a UDP
>>> reply when an NS query (or referral) is performed, but just fail to fit
>>> in the presence of a larg(ish) answer section - like perhaps a SOA
>>> record - I was not intending any specific comment on your particular
>>> situation.
>>>
>>>   | It's more like "bad design" than "poor configuration".
>>>
>>> You mean bad design that it is possible to have so many peers?   How 
>>> would
>>> you possibly prevent it?   Or bad design that having the peers causes 
>>> them
>>> to be listed in NS records (I suppose maybe).
>>>
>>>   | But I'm trying   | hard not to point fingers at specific 
>>> implementations,
>>>
>>> No, nor was I (though perhaps at whoever decided so many peers was
>>> sane) - and ..
>>>
>>>   | since I'm   | attempting to raise a protocol-conformance issue, 
>>> not just criticize   | particular implementations for their 
>>> discretionary choices.
>>>
>>> I agree, which is what I said last time (and you quoted from my previous
>>> message) ...
>>>
>>>> so the best we can do is to make sure that things are handled sanely
>>>> when there is a poor config.
>>>
>>> That is, the protocol has to cope with the stupid, no matter whose
>>> stupidity it is, and making sure that it does is a perfectly reasonable
>>> thing to do.
>>>
>>> kre
>>
>> There are many solutions to improving the design of the architected or 
>> mis-architected configuration, but the protocol needs to work for all 
>> situations including this one. So setting the TC bit is the correct 
>> answer. 
> Non sequitur. The protocol "works" whether TC is clear or not: if it's 
> clear, the client takes the answer as it finds it and queries the 
> "missing" NS records as necessary; if TC is set, then the client 
> (typically) will retry the query using TCP, thus obtaining the answer 
> and all of the NS records that wouldn't fit in the initial response.
> 
> The main question is whether an implementation which sets TC under these 
> circumstances conforms to RFC 2181. A follow-on question would be 
> whether RFC 2181 needs to be amended for situations such as this one.
> 

Why would you change an RFC for a poor infrastructure. Fix the
infrastructure not the protocol which is working just fine.

Danny


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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com>
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Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation)
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On Fri, 1 Feb 2008, Kevin Darcy wrote:
> Sorry, I wasn't completely clear. The two alternatives, as kre has point out, 
> are:
>
> 1) Authority Section empty, TC clear
> 2) Authority Section has a partial RRset, TC set
>
> Option #2 will cause most (all?) implementations to automatically retry via 
> TCP, which is unnecessary if the SOA RR (the answer to the question) was 
> returned in the Answer Section.

We had this discussion though from a slightly different perspective 
when we were writing RFC 4472; section 4.4 and appendix B may be of 
interest.

One of the key points here is that RFC2181 says an implementation 
should _discard_ the response that came with TC bit set and retry with 
TCP.  If TCP fails, you have no answer -- in contrast to option 1) 
above where two UDP queries would succeed.  So, option 1) seems like a 
more robust approach from the practical perspective.

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings

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References: <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com>  <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> <47A28F95.3020706@chrysler.com> <47A2D2AC.4050609@nlnetlabs.nl> <47A38A72.9090208@chrysler.com>
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Kevin Darcy wrote:
> Wouter Wijngaards wrote:
>> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
>> Hash: SHA1
>>
>> Kevin Darcy wrote:
>> | Danny Mayer wrote:
>> |> There are many solutions to improving the design of the architected or
>> |> mis-architected configuration, but the protocol needs to work for all
>> |> situations including this one. So setting the TC bit is the correct
>> |> answer.
>>
>> I agree with Danny.
>>
>> | Non sequitur. The protocol "works" whether TC is clear or not: if it's
>> | clear, the client takes the answer as it finds it and queries the
>> | "missing" NS records as necessary; if TC is set, then the client
>> | (typically) will retry the query using TCP, thus obtaining the answer
>> | and all of the NS records that wouldn't fit in the initial response.
>>
>> Well, your use of the protocol works without the NS records. The DNS is
>> robust. The DNS protocol as widely used, needs those NS records to help
>> resolvers find nameservers more efficiently. So what is querying for the
>> SOA record that cannot retry with  TCP? (This is your local subnet, so
>> speed is not that much of a problem?)
>>
>> Can you deploy EDNS? That is the other obvious solution.
> Already deployed. The advertised buffer size is 2048 which is still not 
> big enough to fit all of the NS records.
>>
>> | The main question is whether an implementation which sets TC under 
>> these
>> | circumstances conforms to RFC 2181. A follow-on question would be
>> | whether RFC 2181 needs to be amended for situations such as this one.
>>
>> What is the problem with a TC bit on a SOA answer?
> Besides the wastefulness of an unnecessary TCP retry, it causes 
> execution of a code branch that has an unfortunate end result.
> 
> But, I don't want to whine about the coding of a particular 
> implementation. My focus here is on the question of standards 
> conformance. Apparently we still don't have a consensus answer on that.

I think we *do* have consensus on it. You just don't want to accept it. 
I have seen no response indicating that the RFC should be changed.

Danny

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb  4 13:16:44 2008
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Subject: AXFR and TCP
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I am going over the AXFR on TCP part of the -07 draft.  Reading some 
comments and contrasting with some on this list I wanted to find out 
what's really happening now as opposed to what could be.

My vision of an AXFR session is, client opens a connection, asks, 
gets, closes connection, session over.  That seems quite trivial, 
something I can do with dig, etc.

It's possible to chain and multiplex zone transfers on the connection 
if the TCP connection management is independent of the AXFR session 
management.  I know this can be done.  But does any code do this now?

With the cheapness of just doing non-AXFR queries over UDP, why would 
a client go out of its way to use an open TCP connection (if its 
there) or go out of its way to open and sustain an TCP connection 
instead of just sending via UDP?

It seems too much work for me to have to keep a list of machines with 
which I have an open TCP session so I know if I shoulf shunt a query 
to the UDP or TCP transport managers.

So - does any code today multiplex zone transfers (between a pair of 
processes) or use the TCP connection for more than AXFR (and TC 
induced retries)?  Does any code maintain open TCP connections with 
other servers when "idle?"
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 05 Feb 2008 10:53:27 +1100."
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> > ...
> > the spec does not prohibit parallelism.  a conforming implementation
> > could spew requests down a TCP session, suck up the responses that come
> > back (in any order), demux based on query-ID, and get "query windowing";
> > however, that implementation would not be widely interoperable at this
> > time, and the spec should probably be updated to prohibit parallelism
> > and demultiplexing.
> 
> 	Why?  The spec will out live any broken implementations.

then we should update the spec to say, this might not work, here's what it
could look like when you try it, here's what you should do when it fails.

> 	A server that doesn't support multiplexed responses will
> 	just serialise the response.  If a client doesn't want to
> 	handle multipleplexed responses will just wait until the
> 	final soa to ask the query.  Each side is independently
> 	capable of enforcing what it supports without any extensions.

if a server can answer in order A-C-B when asked questions in order A-B-C,
then a client who does not look at the query-ID since it "knows" that the
order will be respected, will fail, and might have no backoff capability.
(granted, such a client would be unlikely to send request B before getting
response A, but the spec is a minefield that could make that look safe.)

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References: <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com>  <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> <47A28F95.3020706@chrysler.com>
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[ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by
   a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.  
   With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore 
   delete relevant posts by non-subscribers. 
   Please fix your subscription addresses. ]

Kevin Darcy wrote:
> Danny Mayer wrote:
>> Robert Elz wrote:
>>>     Date:        Wed, 30 Jan 2008 22:15:14 -0500
>>>     From:        Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com>
>>>     Message-ID:  <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com>
>>>
>>>   | Actually, I wouldn't say "poor configuration". It's the *default* 
>>>   | configuration of the particular DNS implementation in question to 
>>> add an   | NS record at the apex of the zone for every "peer" server.
>>>
>>> That is OK, and even sounds correct, but ...
>>>
>>>   | We're up to 142 NS records at the apex of this particular zone.
>>>
>>> That's insane.   What benefit can anyone possibly achieve by having
>>> that many peer servers?   You'd be better to use anycast, and have just
>>> one server name for a whole subset of those 142 - that way at least the
>>> routing system can help clients (resolvers) select a rational one of
>>> those servers to query.
>>>
>>> And yes, that is very poor configuration (not in the server adding the
>>> NS records, but in having that many peers in the first place - how 
>>> frequently
>>> do you verify that they're all working correctly???)
>>>
>>>   | That's what gives rise to the TC bit being set,
>>>
>>> Yes, it would - and you get the option of either setting TC, and forcing
>>> a retry (using TCP) for the SOA to be fetched, or of simply putting none
>>> of the NS records in the reply - the server faced with this absurd zone
>>> zone config has no other choice.
>>>
>>>   | not the size of the SOA RR itself (as you   | 
>>> theorized/hypothesized later in your message).
>>>
>>> For that I was just suggesting that in some cases the NS list (of a
>>> sanely configured NS list) may be carefully chosen to fit in a UDP
>>> reply when an NS query (or referral) is performed, but just fail to fit
>>> in the presence of a larg(ish) answer section - like perhaps a SOA
>>> record - I was not intending any specific comment on your particular
>>> situation.
>>>
>>>   | It's more like "bad design" than "poor configuration".
>>>
>>> You mean bad design that it is possible to have so many peers?   How 
>>> would
>>> you possibly prevent it?   Or bad design that having the peers causes 
>>> them
>>> to be listed in NS records (I suppose maybe).
>>>
>>>   | But I'm trying   | hard not to point fingers at specific 
>>> implementations,
>>>
>>> No, nor was I (though perhaps at whoever decided so many peers was
>>> sane) - and ..
>>>
>>>   | since I'm   | attempting to raise a protocol-conformance issue, 
>>> not just criticize   | particular implementations for their 
>>> discretionary choices.
>>>
>>> I agree, which is what I said last time (and you quoted from my previous
>>> message) ...
>>>
>>>> so the best we can do is to make sure that things are handled sanely
>>>> when there is a poor config.
>>>
>>> That is, the protocol has to cope with the stupid, no matter whose
>>> stupidity it is, and making sure that it does is a perfectly reasonable
>>> thing to do.
>>>
>>> kre
>>
>> There are many solutions to improving the design of the architected or 
>> mis-architected configuration, but the protocol needs to work for all 
>> situations including this one. So setting the TC bit is the correct 
>> answer. 
> Non sequitur. The protocol "works" whether TC is clear or not: if it's 
> clear, the client takes the answer as it finds it and queries the 
> "missing" NS records as necessary; if TC is set, then the client 
> (typically) will retry the query using TCP, thus obtaining the answer 
> and all of the NS records that wouldn't fit in the initial response.
> 
> The main question is whether an implementation which sets TC under these 
> circumstances conforms to RFC 2181. A follow-on question would be 
> whether RFC 2181 needs to be amended for situations such as this one.
> 

Why would you change an RFC for a poor infrastructure. Fix the 
infrastructure not the protocol which is working just fine.

Danny


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Date: Mon, 4 Feb 2008 23:24:53 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
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At 11:46 +1100 2/5/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	Handling one request at a time just serialises the response.
>	I presume that what you mean by "single threaded on a TCP
>	connection".

No, I meant that it is conceivable that a server might assign a 
connection (=BSD socket) to a thread and that thread isn't always 
reading data.

I'm just thinking of possible ways a server might be handling the 
connection in ways that might make multiplexing not work.  Or worse, 
a multiplexing client might confuse and kill the server process. 
Dunno, just thinking now.
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> > It's possible to chain and multiplex zone transfers on the connection if
> > the TCP connection management is independent of the AXFR session
> > management.  I know this can be done.  But does any code do this now?
> 
> it's common to open a TCP session, ask the SOA query, and then, using
> the same TCP session, ask for an AXFR.  i know of implementations like
> that.  i do not know of any current implementation that reuses the TCP
> session again after an AXFR, but the spec allows it.
> 
> it's also possible, using a widely popular stub resolver implementation,
> to open a TCP session and use it for a multiple queries.
> 
> none of this is parallelized in any implementation i'm aware of.  so,
> the query ID of the response isn't being used to demultiplex against
> multiple outstanding requests.  one of the reasons we don't do that is
> that some DNS TCP implementations do not put the query ID into every
> message of an AXFR response.
> 
> the spec does not prohibit parallelism.  a conforming implementation
> could spew requests down a TCP session, suck up the responses that come
> back (in any order), demux based on query-ID, and get "query windowing";
> however, that implementation would not be widely interoperable at this
> time, and the spec should probably be updated to prohibit parallelism
> and demultiplexing.

	Why?  The spec will out live any broken implementations.
	Within a couple of years of a definitive spec being out
	there the vast majority of servers will have been fixed if
	they have not already been fixed.   For the few remaining
	ones you will have a flag that says don't do it for this
	machine.

	If this had got out in 2002 we would already be able to use
	it by now.

	How many people really need to set "transfer-format one-answer;"
	anymore?

	A server that doesn't support multiplexed responses will
	just serialise the response.  If a client doesn't want to
	handle multipleplexed responses will just wait until the
	final soa to ask the query.  Each side is independently
	capable of enforcing what it supports without any extensions.

> > With the cheapness of just doing non-AXFR queries over UDP, why would a
> > client go out of its way to use an open TCP connection (if its there) or go
> > out of its way to open and sustain an TCP connection instead of just
> > sending via UDP?
> 
> long story, many possible answers.  there are valid reasons to do this.
> 
> > It seems too much work for me to have to keep a list of machines with which
> > I have an open TCP session so I know if I shoulf shunt a query to the UDP
> > or TCP transport managers.
> 
> then when you are acting as an implementor, you should not do it that way.
> 
> > So - does any code today multiplex zone transfers (between a pair of
> > processes) or use the TCP connection for more than AXFR (and TC induced
> > retries)?  Does any code maintain open TCP connections with other servers
> > when "idle?"
> 
> see above.  it's possible that a number of things not prohibited by the
> current spec need to get prohibited since they would not actually work.
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
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PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi,

Quick notes about what NSD does.

|> My vision of an AXFR session is, client opens a connection, asks,
|> gets, closes connection, session over.  That seems quite trivial,
|> something I can do with dig, etc.

This is what NSD does on the AXFR-TCP on the query side. open, transfer,
close.

|> It's possible to chain and multiplex zone transfers on the connection
|> if the TCP connection management is independent of the AXFR session
|> management.  I know this can be done.  But does any code do this now?

NSD does not. Not even the SOA query (uses UDP, so as to not tie up TCP
resources).

|> With the cheapness of just doing non-AXFR queries over UDP, why would
|> a client go out of its way to use an open TCP connection (if its
|> there) or go out of its way to open and sustain an TCP connection
|> instead of just sending via UDP?

NSD prefers IXFR over UDP but some situations, as Paul alludes to,
require AXFR (and thus TCP).

|> It seems too much work for me to have to keep a list of machines with
|> which I have an open TCP session so I know if I shoulf shunt a query
|> to the UDP or TCP transport managers.
|
| 	A nameserver usually keeps this list as a by product of
| 	having the TCP session open.  There is no extra work to
| 	keep the list, just a litte extra code to use it instead of
| 	opening a new session.

Check, NSD also keeps this (sort of) list as a by product of having the
TCP session open.

| 	We definitely have transfers that queue awaiting TCP sockets
| 	being able to use a existing TCP connection will help.

Same here, long queues can form with transfers waiting for TCP sockets.
Operators complained about the long waiting times that it causes,
together with the overhead of startup and teardown of the TCP sessions.
Still, this is an issue in corner case situations only.

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 10:46:46 2008
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Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 04 Feb 2008 23:24:53 CDT."
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> At 11:46 +1100 2/5/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> >	Handling one request at a time just serialises the response.
> >	I presume that what you mean by "single threaded on a TCP
> >	connection".
> 
> No, I meant that it is conceivable that a server might assign a 
> connection (=BSD socket) to a thread and that thread isn't always 
> reading data.

	Well if it is not reading it won't respond to the next query
	until it decides to read the socket again.  Today servers
	have to ensure that reply messages are written in a atomic
	manner even if there are multiple readers.  It also has to
	ensure questions are read in a atomic manner.

	Think multiple PTR queries down a TCP socket from netstat.

	Mark
 
> I'm just thinking of possible ways a server might be handling the 
> connection in ways that might make multiplexing not work.  Or worse, 
> a multiplexing client might confuse and kill the server process. 
> Dunno, just thinking now.
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From jqyumleonhardt@damon.isd.esc4.net  Tue Feb  5 10:46:53 2008
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 10:48:33 2008
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Date: Mon, 4 Feb 2008 19:15:39 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP
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At 10:53 +1100 2/5/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	Why?  The spec will out live any broken implementations.

Especially if it keeps getting derailed...

>	Within a couple of years of a definitive spec being out
>	there the vast majority of servers will have been fixed if
>	they have not already been fixed.   For the few remaining
>	ones you will have a flag that says don't do it for this
>	machine.

My real motivation for asking what I asked is that my hope is to 
write a strawman approach which makes this new definition backwards 
compatible with the old.

(We can skip new client - new server and old client - old server and 
skip to the mixed cases.)

A new server will have no problem dealing with an old client in this 
case as this is basically a case of the client getting more 
aggressive.  An old client will be a degenerate form of a new client.

How will a new client know it can get away with the new behavior? 
Alternatively the question can be how will it know if it has to 
behave the old way?

I'm trying to run through my mind a scenario in which a new client 
sends two AXFR requests down the pipe, and/or a bunch of other 
requests, etc.  I think the only serious problem is the multiple 
concurrent responses without query IDs or question sections.

>	A server that doesn't support multiplexed responses will
>	just serialise the response.  If a client doesn't want to
>	handle multipleplexed responses will just wait until the
>	final soa to ask the query.  Each side is independently
>	capable of enforcing what it supports without any extensions.

I can imagine that an old server might have a different failure mode 
or two, such as being single threaded on a TCP connection or being 
taught to panic if two requests come in.  That's why I'm asking.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

--
to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>


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From havelock@myrealbox.com  Tue Feb  5 10:49:07 2008
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
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Subject: Re: Clarification Request (Truncation) 
In-Reply-To: <47A7DF09.9030101@chrysler.com> 
References: <47A7DF09.9030101@chrysler.com>  <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com> <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> <47A28F95.3020706@chrysler.com> <47A2D2AC.4050609@nlnetlabs.nl> <47A38A72.9090208@chrysler.com> <47A4D0BF.30309@gis.net> 
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    Date:        Mon, 04 Feb 2008 22:59:05 -0500
    From:        Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com>
    Message-ID:  <47A7DF09.9030101@chrysler.com>

  | My interpretation is that, since the NS RRset is not "required" in this 
  | response, then TC shouldn't be set.

You're right, provided that you make it clear that none of the NS RRSet
is actually included in the message in this case.

I think you're seeing an argument against that which doesn't really
exist, and was all based upon a misunderstanding of the situation.

  | As a fanciful analogy, setting TC=1 and triggering a TCP retry in this 
  | case strikes me as similar to one's significant-other saying: "Thanks, 
  | honey, for making the emergency run to the drug store to get my 
  | life-saving prescription pills, but since you didn't also bring the 
  | chocolate bar that you usually buy when you shop at that store, I'm 
  | going to have to send you back on another trip. See you in another 15 
  | minutes".

Actually, that's a very poor analogy.   The right one along the same
lines would be: "honey" arrives at the pharmacy to get the pills, and
discovers that (s)he doesn't have enough space in his/her pockets/purse
(or perhaps insufficient finances) for both the pills and the chocolate bar
that always comes home too (though there would have been space/money for
either one alone).

So, "honey" returns home with nothing, changes to clothes with more
pockets (or a larger purse, or more cash) returns to the pharmacy, obtains
both pills and chocolate, then returns home to be told "thanks honey, but
I didn't really need that chocolate today, just the pills".  (And then
if you want to over-dramatise, "pity I died waiting for those pills while
you were running around backwards and forwards...")

  | If "non-conformant" is the consensus of the WG, while at the same time 
  | folks want to condone the behavior of the particular implementation in 
  | question,

There is no need to condone it, but we do need to recognise that it
exists (broken implementations in the DNS world have mostly been the
norm rather than the exception) and live with it.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 10:55:58 2008
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 04 Feb 2008 15:59:30 EST."
             <a0624080bc3cd2b69e823@[0.0.0.0]> 
References: <a0624080bc3cd2b69e823@[0.0.0.0]> 
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> It's possible to chain and multiplex zone transfers on the connection if
> the TCP connection management is independent of the AXFR session
> management.  I know this can be done.  But does any code do this now?

it's common to open a TCP session, ask the SOA query, and then, using
the same TCP session, ask for an AXFR.  i know of implementations like
that.  i do not know of any current implementation that reuses the TCP
session again after an AXFR, but the spec allows it.

it's also possible, using a widely popular stub resolver implementation,
to open a TCP session and use it for a multiple queries.

none of this is parallelized in any implementation i'm aware of.  so,
the query ID of the response isn't being used to demultiplex against
multiple outstanding requests.  one of the reasons we don't do that is
that some DNS TCP implementations do not put the query ID into every
message of an AXFR response.

the spec does not prohibit parallelism.  a conforming implementation
could spew requests down a TCP session, suck up the responses that come
back (in any order), demux based on query-ID, and get "query windowing";
however, that implementation would not be widely interoperable at this
time, and the spec should probably be updated to prohibit parallelism
and demultiplexing.

> With the cheapness of just doing non-AXFR queries over UDP, why would a
> client go out of its way to use an open TCP connection (if its there) or go
> out of its way to open and sustain an TCP connection instead of just
> sending via UDP?

long story, many possible answers.  there are valid reasons to do this.

> It seems too much work for me to have to keep a list of machines with which
> I have an open TCP session so I know if I shoulf shunt a query to the UDP
> or TCP transport managers.

then when you are acting as an implementor, you should not do it that way.

> So - does any code today multiplex zone transfers (between a pair of
> processes) or use the TCP connection for more than AXFR (and TC induced
> retries)?  Does any code maintain open TCP connections with other servers
> when "idle?"

see above.  it's possible that a number of things not prohibited by the
current spec need to get prohibited since they would not actually work.

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From RosannewombBlackman@eyecandypromo.com  Tue Feb  5 10:56:48 2008
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On Mon, 4 Feb 2008, Paul Vixie wrote:
>
> none of this is parallelized in any implementation i'm aware of.  so,
> the query ID of the response isn't being used to demultiplex against
> multiple outstanding requests.

ADNS can have multiple outstanding queries on a TCP connection.

> Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
> >
> > With the cheapness of just doing non-AXFR queries over UDP, why would a
> > client go out of its way to use an open TCP connection (if its there) or go
> > out of its way to open and sustain an TCP connection instead of just
> > sending via UDP?

ADNS keeps the TCP connection open so it is ready to handle fallback
queries for truncated replies.

> however, that implementation would not be widely interoperable at this
> time,

It has been doing this for over 10 years and there have been no bug
reports about its TCP behaviour.

ADNS doesn't do AXFR, and because it only uses TCP for TC fallback, it
doesn't usually depend heavily on concurrent TCP queries.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
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From AdrianpensiveGarrett@thehistoryof.net  Tue Feb  5 11:01:40 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 04 Feb 2008 19:15:39 CDT."
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> >	A server that doesn't support multiplexed responses will
> >	just serialise the response.  If a client doesn't want to
> >	handle multipleplexed responses will just wait until the
> >	final soa to ask the query.  Each side is independently
> >	capable of enforcing what it supports without any extensions.
> 
> I can imagine that an old server might have a different failure mode 
> or two, such as being single threaded on a TCP connection or being 
> taught to panic if two requests come in.  That's why I'm asking.

	A client that panics with two requests is already broken and
	is ripe for a DoS attack.

	Handling one request at a time just serialises the response.
	I presume that what you mean by "single threaded on a TCP
	connection".

	Mark
-- 
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1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 11:02:36 2008
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Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP 
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> > > ...
> > > the spec does not prohibit parallelism.  a conforming implementation
> > > could spew requests down a TCP session, suck up the responses that come
> > > back (in any order), demux based on query-ID, and get "query windowing";
> > > however, that implementation would not be widely interoperable at this
> > > time, and the spec should probably be updated to prohibit parallelism
> > > and demultiplexing.
> > 
> > 	Why?  The spec will out live any broken implementations.
> 
> then we should update the spec to say, this might not work, here's what it
> could look like when you try it, here's what you should do when it fails.
> 
> > 	A server that doesn't support multiplexed responses will
> > 	just serialise the response.  If a client doesn't want to
> > 	handle multipleplexed responses will just wait until the
> > 	final soa to ask the query.  Each side is independently
> > 	capable of enforcing what it supports without any extensions.
> 
> if a server can answer in order A-C-B when asked questions in order A-B-C,
> then a client who does not look at the query-ID since it "knows" that the
> order will be respected, will fail, and might have no backoff capability.
> (granted, such a client would be unlikely to send request B before getting
> response A, but the spec is a minefield that could make that look safe.)

	netstat did just that.  If it timed out waiting for the
	server it would ask for C even if it hadn't a reply for B.
	This all works for ordinary queries.  Even BIND 4 did this
	right for ordinary queries.

	The only time when things get messy is when you start
	throwing in AXFR responses that don't follow the basic
	requirements of DNS (response id = query id).

	Mark

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 11:04:17 2008
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References: <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com>  <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> <47A28F95.3020706@chrysler.com> <47A2D2AC.4050609@nlnetlabs.nl> <47A38A72.9090208@chrysler.com> <47A4D0BF.30309@gis.net>
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Danny Mayer wrote:
> Kevin Darcy wrote:
>> Wouter Wijngaards wrote:
>>> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
>>> Hash: SHA1
>>>
>>> Kevin Darcy wrote:
>>> | Danny Mayer wrote:
>>> |> There are many solutions to improving the design of the 
>>> architected or
>>> |> mis-architected configuration, but the protocol needs to work for 
>>> all
>>> |> situations including this one. So setting the TC bit is the correct
>>> |> answer.
>>>
>>> I agree with Danny.
>>>
>>> | Non sequitur. The protocol "works" whether TC is clear or not: if 
>>> it's
>>> | clear, the client takes the answer as it finds it and queries the
>>> | "missing" NS records as necessary; if TC is set, then the client
>>> | (typically) will retry the query using TCP, thus obtaining the answer
>>> | and all of the NS records that wouldn't fit in the initial response.
>>>
>>> Well, your use of the protocol works without the NS records. The DNS is
>>> robust. The DNS protocol as widely used, needs those NS records to help
>>> resolvers find nameservers more efficiently. So what is querying for 
>>> the
>>> SOA record that cannot retry with  TCP? (This is your local subnet, so
>>> speed is not that much of a problem?)
>>>
>>> Can you deploy EDNS? That is the other obvious solution.
>> Already deployed. The advertised buffer size is 2048 which is still 
>> not big enough to fit all of the NS records.
>>>
>>> | The main question is whether an implementation which sets TC under 
>>> these
>>> | circumstances conforms to RFC 2181. A follow-on question would be
>>> | whether RFC 2181 needs to be amended for situations such as this one.
>>>
>>> What is the problem with a TC bit on a SOA answer?
>> Besides the wastefulness of an unnecessary TCP retry, it causes 
>> execution of a code branch that has an unfortunate end result.
>>
>> But, I don't want to whine about the coding of a particular 
>> implementation. My focus here is on the question of standards 
>> conformance. Apparently we still don't have a consensus answer on that.
>
> I think we *do* have consensus on it. You just don't want to accept 
> it. I have seen no response indicating that the RFC should be changed.
>
True, we don't have anyone suggesting, so far, that RFC 2181 be changed.

But, there have been diverse opinions on whether the behavior I 
described conforms to the RFC or not. We don't, as I see it, have a 
consensus on that question.

Again, I quote the language (Section 9):

    The TC bit should be set in responses only when an RRSet is required
    as a part of the response, but could not be included in its
    entirety. The TC bit should not be set merely because some extra
    information could have been included, but there was insufficient
    room. This includes the results of additional section processing.

and ask:

    Does a nameserver implementation which can fit an answering RRset in
    the Answer Section of a response, given the EDNS0 buffer size in
    effect, and is configured to normally also provide the apex NS RRset
    of the zone in the Authority Section, but cannot, for this specific
    response, due to the fact that the RRset is too large to fit, have
    license to set TC=1, with the answering RRset in the Answer Section
    and an empty Authority Section?

My interpretation is that, since the NS RRset is not "required" in this 
response, then TC shouldn't be set. The "extra information" referred to 
by the RFC 2181 verbiage is stated to "include[] the results of 
additional section processing", but I don't see it as *limited* to that. 
So presumably it also applies to "extra information" that might normally 
be provided in the Authority Section. To my knowledge, the only 
information in an Authority Section which is ever *required* is
o  an NS RRset in a referral response
o  one or more DNSSEC-related records (? again, showing my DNSSEC ignorance)
neither of which apply in the case in question.

As a fanciful analogy, setting TC=1 and triggering a TCP retry in this 
case strikes me as similar to one's significant-other saying: "Thanks, 
honey, for making the emergency run to the drug store to get my 
life-saving prescription pills, but since you didn't also bring the 
chocolate bar that you usually buy when you shop at that store, I'm 
going to have to send you back on another trip. See you in another 15 
minutes".

If "non-conformant" is the consensus of the WG, while at the same time 
folks want to condone the behavior of the particular implementation in 
question, then RFC 2181 would need to be amended to allow it. (Generally 
speaking, I have a dim view of amending standards-track RFCs in order to 
accommodate the quirks of individual implementations; code should 
conform to standards, not the other way around).

                                                                         
                     - Kevin


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 11:04:38 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 04 Feb 2008 15:59:30 CDT."
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> I am going over the AXFR on TCP part of the -07 draft.  Reading some 
> comments and contrasting with some on this list I wanted to find out 
> what's really happening now as opposed to what could be.
> 
> My vision of an AXFR session is, client opens a connection, asks, 
> gets, closes connection, session over.  That seems quite trivial, 
> something I can do with dig, etc.

	You should be asking what nameservers need.  dig's requirements
	are trivial compared to a nameserver's requirements.
 
> It's possible to chain and multiplex zone transfers on the connection 
> if the TCP connection management is independent of the AXFR session 
> management.  I know this can be done.  But does any code do this now?

	Not that I am aware of.  It's been one of my plans for a long
	time.  It should provide benifits for nameservers that slave
	lots of zones from the same master.
 
> With the cheapness of just doing non-AXFR queries over UDP, why would 
> a client go out of its way to use an open TCP connection (if its 
> there) or go out of its way to open and sustain an TCP connection 
> instead of just sending via UDP?

	Because sending a IXFR query over a open TCP session always
	succeeds.  IXFR over UDP may tell you to use TCP.  Once the
	connection is available there is almost zero cost to use it.

	UDP queries put all the retry logic in the server.
	IXFR+EDNS+UDP requires a lot retry logic to handle packet
	loss and broken firewalls.

> It seems too much work for me to have to keep a list of machines with 
> which I have an open TCP session so I know if I shoulf shunt a query 
> to the UDP or TCP transport managers.

	A nameserver usually keeps this list as a by product of
	having the TCP session open.  There is no extra work to
	keep the list, just a litte extra code to use it instead of
	opening a new session.

> So - does any code today multiplex zone transfers (between a pair of 
> processes) or use the TCP connection for more than AXFR (and TC 
> induced retries)?  Does any code maintain open TCP connections with 
> other servers when "idle?"

	We definitely have transfers that queue awaiting TCP sockets
	being able to use a existing TCP connection will help.

	Mark
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 14:04:46 2008
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Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2008 15:48:11 -0500
To: Alfred =?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=?= <ah@tr-sys.de>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-06
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Just a few notes...

At 13:02 +0100 1/24/08, Alfred =?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=?= wrote:
>(3)  Section 2
>
>(3a)  3rd paragraph
>
>I suggest to make the style of quotations to other RFCs consistent
>within the document and with common use:

I made wholesale changes to that section, placing the titles of the
RFCs in the text.  Partly because I want to emphasize the meanings
behind the RFC numbers.
>
>Finally, I suggest moving the second pararaph (with message length
>considerations) behind this paragraph or to the end of the section,
>because it contains more specific information.

It's funny to read this because, after making all the changes above, 
I thought to myself that I needed to do this.  Then I read the 
suggestion.  Good timing.

>(9)  Section 3.2
>
>(9a)  1st paragraph
>
>    In RFC 1034, section 4.2.1, this text appears (keep in mind that the
>    word "should" in the quotation is now deemed to be a "SHOULD" subject
>    to the interpretation in section 1.1):
>       "The RRs that describe cuts ... should be exactly the same as the
>        corresponding RRs in the top node of the subzone."
>    There has been some controversy over this statement and the impact on
>    which NS resource records are included in a zone transfer.  Also,
>    DNSSEC [RFC4033] [RFC4034] [RFC4035] specifies particular Resource
>    Records to be inserted at delegation points in secure zones, and at
>    the apex of secure zones, respectively, which makes the above
>    statement inappropriate.

In this case I think your edits are reading too much into the 
situation.  The "RRs that describe the cuts" refers to the NS and 
glue only, generally, and I'll change text to make that explicit. 
Even before DNSSEC there are deviations between the cut point and the 
apex, e.g., the SOA record, possible MX, and in the older days, RP 
and other records.

The point was to hit at the issue of whether, given a server that has 
both parent and child, or can get the child, should insert the 
child's NS set if there is a difference from the parent's.  As far as 
I could figure, that was the root of the hottest debate on this 5 
years ago.  DJB wanted to "optimize" the safety of the network by 
automatically correcting any inconsistency and I understand his 
motivation.  OTOH, good protocol engineering tells me otherwise, that 
making the error explicit is better for maintenance, troubleshooting, 
etc.  It's a tug of war between theory and practice.

So, I don't want to drag DNSSEC in, but I'll have to explain better 
that this is the issue about differing NS sets.

Let me know if that isn't satisfactory.

>(11b)
>More importantly, I am in serious doubt whether the capability added
>by the final sentence is worth the protocol complications it requires.
>
>To my knowledge (admittedly a bit aged), typical AXFR client
>implementations anyway perform the AXFR and local database update
>in a dedicated process or thread that does not also perform other
>DNS queries.  Therefore, a dedicated TCP connection will be used
>for one or more AXFRs.

That was my general understanding too.  But Mark Andrews has been 
pounding down on me that the open TCP connection is to be used for 
anything.  I don't know why he's so adamant about it but he makes is 
sound like a matter of life and/or death.

I think he's just trying to find more fault with the practice of 
dropping TCP connections as a defense against unwanted AXFR queries. 
That's been attributed to DJB but come to think of it, I don't know 
if even his code does that.  I do know he won't answer when it's a 
lame situation, but that's over UDP.

>Serial reuse of a TCP connection for multiple AXFRs (AXFR chaining
>on a connection) or even using a (semi-)persistent TCP connection
>for other queries/responses in a serialized manner therefore might
>be a reasonable feature that can be supported without protocol
>complications and/or serious backwards compatibility issues.
>
>On the other hand, interleaving multi-message AXFR responses with
>other DNS query/response traffic seems to be unnecessary and
>unnecessarily complicated.  Keep in mind that query/response
>traffic over UDP can be sustained in parallel without a need
>for this extension.  Also, paragraph 2 of Section 5 indicates
>that regularly, the set of AXFR clients allowed will be restricted
>very much, and other queries between sibling authoritative servers
>needing TCP are considered less likely.
>
>That said, my subsequent change proposals nevertheless will carry
>on support for this protocol extension.

I agree with you.  Given a subsequent discussion (which I launched 
after you sent this but before I read this, i.e., I sat on this a 
while), I'm going to move the UDP to a separate document.

>(12)  Section 4.1

I've pretty much completely overhauled the transport text based on 
discussions, so most of your comments will be used when I prepare the 
AXFR over UDP document.

>(15)   Section 5
>
>(15a)  1st paragraph
>
>Please do not omit the most stringent and important restriction
>to be observed today: LAW !

I'm a little iffy on that because I'm not a lawyer and am not sure 
what a "legal requirement is."  But I added the change and see if 
anyone complains.

>(15b)  last paragraph
>
>I simply do not understand the sense and purpose of the last sentence:
>
>  An implementation SHOULD allow access to be open to all requests.
>
>Please supply more specific text, or drop this sentence.

It means that an implementation should give the the operator the 
option to say that anyone can request an AXFR.  Like "allow-transfer 
{ all; };"

>(17)  Section 12

>- Please use <ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc-ref.txt>
>   (or any mirrored or derived file) as the base for content, style,
>   and punctuation in entries of the References section.

That's what I did...I used the rfc-index file I guess.  That's what 
there are those insane "."'s all over the place. I'll take a look at 
that in the next
spin.  (I wanted to have another version out now before my other work hits.)
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

--
to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-06 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 05 Feb 2008 15:48:11 CDT."
             <a06240808c3ccf001fbbe@[0.0.0.0]> 
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> Just a few notes...
> 
> At 13:02 +0100 1/24/08, Alfred =?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=?= wrote:
> >(3)  Section 2
> >
> >(3a)  3rd paragraph
> >
> >I suggest to make the style of quotations to other RFCs consistent
> >within the document and with common use:
> 
> I made wholesale changes to that section, placing the titles of the
> RFCs in the text.  Partly because I want to emphasize the meanings
> behind the RFC numbers.
> >
> >Finally, I suggest moving the second pararaph (with message length
> >considerations) behind this paragraph or to the end of the section,
> >because it contains more specific information.
> 
> It's funny to read this because, after making all the changes above, 
> I thought to myself that I needed to do this.  Then I read the 
> suggestion.  Good timing.
> 
> >(9)  Section 3.2
> >
> >(9a)  1st paragraph
> >
> >    In RFC 1034, section 4.2.1, this text appears (keep in mind that the
> >    word "should" in the quotation is now deemed to be a "SHOULD" subject
> >    to the interpretation in section 1.1):
> >       "The RRs that describe cuts ... should be exactly the same as the
> >        corresponding RRs in the top node of the subzone."
> >    There has been some controversy over this statement and the impact on
> >    which NS resource records are included in a zone transfer.  Also,
> >    DNSSEC [RFC4033] [RFC4034] [RFC4035] specifies particular Resource
> >    Records to be inserted at delegation points in secure zones, and at
> >    the apex of secure zones, respectively, which makes the above
> >    statement inappropriate.
> 
> In this case I think your edits are reading too much into the 
> situation.  The "RRs that describe the cuts" refers to the NS and 
> glue only, generally, and I'll change text to make that explicit. 
> Even before DNSSEC there are deviations between the cut point and the 
> apex, e.g., the SOA record, possible MX, and in the older days, RP 
> and other records.
> 
> The point was to hit at the issue of whether, given a server that has 
> both parent and child, or can get the child, should insert the 
> child's NS set if there is a difference from the parent's.  As far as 
> I could figure, that was the root of the hottest debate on this 5 
> years ago.  DJB wanted to "optimize" the safety of the network by 
> automatically correcting any inconsistency and I understand his 
> motivation.  OTOH, good protocol engineering tells me otherwise, that 
> making the error explicit is better for maintenance, troubleshooting, 
> etc.  It's a tug of war between theory and practice.

	It didn't make the network "safer".  It didn't "optimise"
	anything. It just makes everything worse as the nameservers
	were no longer doing what they were explicitly told to do.

	There is a difference between AXFR and NS queries.  The
	latter alway comes from the child zone and is what is
	required by RFC 1034 when you select the zone to answer the
	query from.

	AXFR preserves what it loaded / transfered in and returns
	this.  This includes records that are not below the zone
	apex.  If you don't do that you end up with records that
	exist only in slaves and in neither of the masters.

	Having to regularly recover from the effects of merging
	zone content (which both BIND 4 and BIND 8 did) I know what
	the correct answer is (and it isn't merge).

	S1			S2		S3
				PARENT	->	PARENT
	CHILD 	->		CHILD

	S3 would regularly end up with the wrong NS RRset or glue
	A records especially when the email informing the admins
	of S2 of the change arrived before the zone transfer happened.
	S2 was often a stealth slave so it's transfer was only
	controled by the SOA timers.

	I would regularly have to contact the S2's administators
	and get them to bump the SOA record for PARENT so that
	another AXFR would be triggered and so all the S3's would
	re-transfer.

	Note there were about 80 different S1's all run by different
	administators.

	BIND 8 atleast merged the content in a deterministic manner.
	BIND 4 merge depended on load order and could return different
	answer before and after reload.

	I've been there, done that and don't want to go back to chaos.

> So, I don't want to drag DNSSEC in, but I'll have to explain better 
> that this is the issue about differing NS sets.
> 
> Let me know if that isn't satisfactory.
> 
> >(11b)
> >More importantly, I am in serious doubt whether the capability added
> >by the final sentence is worth the protocol complications it requires.
> >
> >To my knowledge (admittedly a bit aged), typical AXFR client
> >implementations anyway perform the AXFR and local database update
> >in a dedicated process or thread that does not also perform other
> >DNS queries.  Therefore, a dedicated TCP connection will be used
> >for one or more AXFRs.
> 
> That was my general understanding too.  But Mark Andrews has been 
> pounding down on me that the open TCP connection is to be used for 
> anything.  I don't know why he's so adamant about it but he makes is 
> sound like a matter of life and/or death.
> 
> I think he's just trying to find more fault with the practice of 
> dropping TCP connections as a defense against unwanted AXFR queries. 
> That's been attributed to DJB but come to think of it, I don't know 
> if even his code does that.  I do know he won't answer when it's a 
> lame situation, but that's over UDP.
> 
> >Serial reuse of a TCP connection for multiple AXFRs (AXFR chaining
> >on a connection) or even using a (semi-)persistent TCP connection
> >for other queries/responses in a serialized manner therefore might
> >be a reasonable feature that can be supported without protocol
> >complications and/or serious backwards compatibility issues.
> >
> >On the other hand, interleaving multi-message AXFR responses with
> >other DNS query/response traffic seems to be unnecessary and
> >unnecessarily complicated.  Keep in mind that query/response
> >traffic over UDP can be sustained in parallel without a need
> >for this extension.  Also, paragraph 2 of Section 5 indicates
> >that regularly, the set of AXFR clients allowed will be restricted
> >very much, and other queries between sibling authoritative servers
> >needing TCP are considered less likely.
> >
> >That said, my subsequent change proposals nevertheless will carry
> >on support for this protocol extension.
> 
> I agree with you.  Given a subsequent discussion (which I launched 
> after you sent this but before I read this, i.e., I sat on this a 
> while), I'm going to move the UDP to a separate document.
> 
> >(12)  Section 4.1
> 
> I've pretty much completely overhauled the transport text based on 
> discussions, so most of your comments will be used when I prepare the 
> AXFR over UDP document.
> 
> >(15)   Section 5
> >
> >(15a)  1st paragraph
> >
> >Please do not omit the most stringent and important restriction
> >to be observed today: LAW !
> 
> I'm a little iffy on that because I'm not a lawyer and am not sure 
> what a "legal requirement is."  But I added the change and see if 
> anyone complains.
> 
> >(15b)  last paragraph
> >
> >I simply do not understand the sense and purpose of the last sentence:
> >
> >  An implementation SHOULD allow access to be open to all requests.
> >
> >Please supply more specific text, or drop this sentence.
> 
> It means that an implementation should give the the operator the 
> option to say that anyone can request an AXFR.  Like "allow-transfer 
> { all; };"
> 
> >(17)  Section 12
> 
> >- Please use <ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc-ref.txt>
> >   (or any mirrored or derived file) as the base for content, style,
> >   and punctuation in entries of the References section.
> 
> That's what I did...I used the rfc-index file I guess.  That's what 
> there are those insane "."'s all over the place. I'll take a look at 
> that in the next
> spin.  (I wanted to have another version out now before my other work hits.)
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

--
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 14:35:54 2008
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Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2008 17:12:12 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-06
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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At 9:01 +1100 2/6/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	It didn't make the network "safer".  It didn't "optimise"
>	anything. It just makes everything worse as the nameservers
>	were no longer doing what they were explicitly told to do.

And I know *that* is your opinion.  What I wrote is my understanding 
of DJB's opinion.

>	I've been there, done that and don't want to go back to chaos.

Then let it go.  There's no need to repeat your view every time you 
hear a viewpoint that you do not agree with.

Wait and read what's in the -07, I just submitted it.  Make comments 
on the current document and not on history.

Let's be polite and civil.  Let others have their say.  The process 
of putting into words the definitions we all assume is hard enough 
without having to fear that someone is going to get angry or raise 
emotions over the work.  There are many rounds of review to go, many 
viewpoints to listen to.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

--
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the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
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From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: axfr-clarify-07 and axfr-udp-00 submitted
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FYI, two documents submitted.

The latter is as an individual submission.

I don't think I'll have time to update them again before the cutoffs 
for the Philly meeting but comments and discussion are welcome of 
course.

-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb  5 19:47:02 2008
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References: <47A7DF09.9030101@chrysler.com>  <47A13D42.6010408@chrysler.com> <200801300931.m0U9VlNk040366@drugs.dv.isc.org> <29787.1201701154@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <6167.1201766291@epsilon.noi.kre.to> <47A2875C.4050801@gis.net> <47A28F95.3020706@chrysler.com> <47A2D2AC.4050609@nlnetlabs.nl> <47A38A72.9090208@chrysler.com> <47A4D0BF.30309@gis.net> <2216.1202187622@epsilon.noi.kre.to>
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Robert Elz wrote:
>     Date:        Mon, 04 Feb 2008 22:59:05 -0500
>     From:        Kevin Darcy <kcd@chrysler.com>
>     Message-ID:  <47A7DF09.9030101@chrysler.com>
>
>   | My interpretation is that, since the NS RRset is not "required" in this 
>   | response, then TC shouldn't be set.
>
> You're right, provided that you make it clear that none of the NS RRSet
> is actually included in the message in this case.
>
> I think you're seeing an argument against that which doesn't really
> exist, and was all based upon a misunderstanding of the situation.
>
>   | As a fanciful analogy, setting TC=1 and triggering a TCP retry in this 
>   | case strikes me as similar to one's significant-other saying: "Thanks, 
>   | honey, for making the emergency run to the drug store to get my 
>   | life-saving prescription pills, but since you didn't also bring the 
>   | chocolate bar that you usually buy when you shop at that store, I'm 
>   | going to have to send you back on another trip. See you in another 15 
>   | minutes".
>
> Actually, that's a very poor analogy.   The right one along the same
> lines would be: "honey" arrives at the pharmacy to get the pills, and
> discovers that (s)he doesn't have enough space in his/her pockets/purse
> (or perhaps insufficient finances) for both the pills and the chocolate bar
> that always comes home too (though there would have been space/money for
> either one alone).
>
> So, "honey" returns home with nothing, changes to clothes with more
> pockets (or a larger purse, or more cash) returns to the pharmacy, obtains
> both pills and chocolate, then returns home to be told "thanks honey, but
> I didn't really need that chocolate today, just the pills".  (And then
> if you want to over-dramatise, "pity I died waiting for those pills while
> you were running around backwards and forwards...")
>   
I don't agree with that change to the analogy. The response wasn't 
*empty*. An answer *was* given (honey came home with the pills), but it 
was considered suspect because TC=1 (oh, I don't know, maybe honey is a 
chronic prescription drug abuser and there's a palpable suspicion he/she 
may have diverted some of the pills to his/her own use).

If there is ever a RFC2181bis, I'd probably argue that an exception 
should probably be made for TC=1 responses that are still usable. This 
is possible when, for instance, the QTYPE is a "singleton" type 
--QTYPE=SOA in my original example -- so there is no fear that there 
might be missing RRs from the Answer Section (instead of pills, maybe 
the prescription is for a single vial of injectable liquid).

(Have we beaten this silly analogy of mine to death yet? :-)
>   | If "non-conformant" is the consensus of the WG, while at the same time 
>   | folks want to condone the behavior of the particular implementation in 
>   | question,
>
> There is no need to condone it, but we do need to recognise that it
> exists (broken implementations in the DNS world have mostly been the
> norm rather than the exception) and live with it.
>   
Again, I'm not out to skewer anyone or anything, I'm just trying to 
clarify which parts of the behavior with which I've been confronted are 
standards-conformance issues and which parts are questionable/debatable 
design choices or mere coding quirks.

- Kevin



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Paul Vixie writes ("Re: AXFR and TCP "):
> none of this is parallelized in any implementation i'm aware of.  so,
> the query ID of the response isn't being used to demultiplex against
> multiple outstanding requests.  one of the reasons we don't do that is
> that some DNS TCP implementations do not put the query ID into every
> message of an AXFR response.

As Tony Finch has pointed out, the GNU adns stub resolver (of which
I'm the author and maintainer) has been doing multiple outstanding
queries on its TCP connections ever since I wrote it.  No-one has ever
reported any bugs or other problems from this.

Normally adns only uses TCP to retry on truncated replies, but
applications are free to pass a flag asking it to always use TCP.

> the spec does not prohibit parallelism.  a conforming implementation
> could spew requests down a TCP session, suck up the responses that come
> back (in any order), demux based on query-ID, and get "query windowing";

This is exactly what adns does.

> however, that implementation would not be widely interoperable at this
> time, and the spec should probably be updated to prohibit parallelism
> and demultiplexing.

It seems interoperable from where I'm sitting.  If there is any doubt
in anyone's mind that this is permitted, the spec should be clarified.

Ian.


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Mark Andrews writes ("Re: AXFR and TCP "):
> 	The only time when things get messy is when you start
> 	throwing in AXFR responses that don't follow the basic
> 	requirements of DNS (response id = query id).

Quite so.  adns doesn't do axfr so that isn't an issue; if I were to
add axfr as a feature (which is unlikely) it would use a separate
connection.

Ian.



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We have a few new active drafts right now,
do you see a need for a face to face meeting?
I will decide by Monday if DNSEXT is meeting.

	Olafur


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  7 06:39:40 2008
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On Thu, Feb 07, 2008 at 09:03:35AM -0500,
 Ólafur Guðmundsson /DNSEXT chair <ogud@ogud.com> wrote 
 a message of 12 lines which said:

> We have a few new active drafts right now, do you see a need for a
> face to face meeting?

Yes, for "profile". And for a serious discussion on truncation (AXFR
and reponse size documents).

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  7 10:09:59 2008
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Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2008 12:54:47 -0500
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: axfr-clarify-07 and axfr-udp-00 submitted
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I swear I sent them in...

At 17:55 -0500 2/5/08, Edward Lewis wrote:
>FYI, two documents submitted.
>
>The latter is as an individual submission.
>
>I don't think I'll have time to update them again before the cutoffs for
>the Philly meeting but comments and discussion are welcome of course.
>

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Update to DNAME Redirection in the DNS
	Author(s)	: S. Rose, W. Wijngaards
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
	Pages		: 16
	Date		: 2008-2-7
	
The DNAME record provides redirection for a sub-tree of the domain
name tree in the DNS system.  That is, all names that end with a
particular suffix are redirected to another part of the DNS.  This is
an update to the original specification in RFC 2672, also aligning
RFC 3363 and RFC 4294 with this revision.Requirements Language

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"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  7 16:29:23 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 07 Feb 2008 14:37:02 -0800."
             <20080207223702.2EA353A79EC@core3.amsl.com> 
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	Section 2.4 and 5.2 are contradictory.

	The 2nd and 3rd paragraphs of 5.2 should be deleted. 

	It is legal to add/delete records below a NS (and should
	be for DNAME) they just won't be visible until the DNAME
	or NS RRsets are remove.  In the NS case A and AAAA are
	visible as glue.

	You have to allow obscured records to be loaded.  2.4
	currently prevents this.

	Mark

2.4.  Names Next to and Below a DNAME Record

   Other resource records MUST NOT exist at a domain name subordinate to
   the owner of a DNAME RR.  To get the contents for names subordinate
   to that owner, the DNAME redirection must be invoked and the
   resulting target queried.  A server SHOULD refuse to load a zone that
   has data at a domain name subordinate to a domain name owning a DNAME
   RR.  Also a server SHOULD refuse to load a zone subordinate to the
   owner of a DNAME record in the ancestor zone.  See Section 5.2 for
   further restrictions related to dynamic update.

5.2.  Dynamic Update and DNAME

   Dynamic update for DNAME records works similar to dynamic update for
   delegating NS records.  For example, adding a DNAME obscures names in
   the zone.  DNAME records can be added, changed and removed.

   Zones containing a DNAME RR MUST NOT accept a dynamic update message
   that would add a record or delegation with a name existing under a
   DNAME.

   A server MUST return an error message with RCODE=YXDOMAIN [RFC2136]
   in response to a dynamic update message that would add a resource
   record under a DNAME in the zone.  This is similar to a dynamic
   update request to add a resource record under a delegation NS in a
   zone.


-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  7 16:44:08 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 11:19:58 +1100."
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	I suggest we leave the last paragraph of 3.2.  CNAME synthesis
	out. 

   Servers MUST be able to answer a query for a synthesized CNAME.  An
   answer containing the synthesized CNAME cannot contain an error
   (since a CNAME has been followed), as per RFC 1034 CNAME rules.

	The part of RFC 1034 that says this make authoritative and
	recursive servers inconsistant.  I prevents a recursive
	server have a local copy of a zone which has a CNAME that
	points to a non-existant name, directly or indirectly.  I
	believe this part of RFC 1034 need to be cleaned up.

	If we leave the last paragraph out we don't need to revisit
	this document when we clean up RFC 1034.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 11:36:36 +1100."
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> 
> 	I suggest we leave the last paragraph of 3.2.  CNAME synthesis
> 	out. 
> 
>    Servers MUST be able to answer a query for a synthesized CNAME.  An
>    answer containing the synthesized CNAME cannot contain an error
>    (since a CNAME has been followed), as per RFC 1034 CNAME rules.
> 
> 	The part of RFC 1034 that says this make authoritative and
> 	recursive servers inconsistant.  I prevents a recursive
> 	server have a local copy of a zone which has a CNAME that
> 	points to a non-existant name, directly or indirectly.  I
> 	believe this part of RFC 1034 need to be cleaned up.
> 
> 	If we leave the last paragraph out we don't need to revisit
> 	this document when we clean up RFC 1034.
> 
> 	Mark

	Given the offending text from RFC 1034 is repeated in this
	document we need to address this issue now rather than
	wait.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
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> 	Given the offending text from RFC 1034 is repeated in this
> 	document we need to address this issue now rather than
> 	wait.

	The offending text for reference.

           If the "*" label does not exist, check whether the name we
           are looking for is the original QNAME in the query or a name
           we have followed due to a CNAME or DNAME.  If the name is
           original, set an authoritative name error in the response and
           exit.  Otherwise just exit.

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  7 17:28:50 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
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> > 	Given the offending text from RFC 1034 is repeated in this
> > 	document we need to address this issue now rather than
> > 	wait.
> 
> 	The offending text for reference.
> 
>            If the "*" label does not exist, check whether the name we
>            are looking for is the original QNAME in the query or a name
>            we have followed due to a CNAME or DNAME.  If the name is
>            original, set an authoritative name error in the response and
>            exit.  Otherwise just exit.

	Note we could theoretically fix this for CNAME records by
	banning CNAMEs that point to non-existant names.  We can't
	however do that for DNAME as there will almost certainly
	be synthsised CNAMEs that point to non-existant names.

	If anyone can provide a rational for the quoted text I'd
	like to hear it.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  7 19:15:07 2008
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Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2008 22:03:39 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
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At 11:19 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
>	Section 2.4 and 5.2 are contradictory.

I'm going to disagree. I see what you are tripping over though.

Dynamic update for NS records are quite different from DNAME. For 
instance, it is fine to add and delete NS records so long as the set 
is neither brought into existence or deleted altogether.  DNAME is a 
singleton type (i.e., RR set is limited to 1 record).

RFC2136, rule 7.6 says "it is not possible to create a zone using 
this protocol" and rule 7.13 adds "if deleting RRsets, it is not 
possible to delete either SOA or NS RRsets at the top of a zone." 
And then there's the sticky case of glue.

I was going to argue that similar != the same, but the fact is that 
DNAME dynamic update is quite different from NS dynamic update.

>	The 2nd and 3rd paragraphs of 5.2 should be deleted.

I think the problem is the wording of the first sentence of 5.2, not 
the latter two paragraphs.

>	It is legal to add/delete records below a NS (and should
>	be for DNAME) they just won't be visible until the DNAME
>	or NS RRsets are remove.  In the NS case A and AAAA are
>	visible as glue.
>
>	You have to allow obscured records to be loaded.  2.4
>	currently prevents this.

I don't agree that we have to allow obscured records to be loaded. 
Why do we "have to"?  Why "(and should be for DNAME)?"


-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
--============_-1009682602==_ma============
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<html><head><style type="text/css"><!--
blockquote, dl, ul, ol, li { padding-top: 0 ; padding-bottom: 0 }
 --></style><title>Re:
draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt</title></head><body>
<div>At 11:19 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:</div>
<div>&gt;<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </x-tab>Section
2.4 and 5.2 are contradictory.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I'm going to disagree. I see what you are tripping over
though.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Dynamic update for NS records are quite different from DNAME. For
instance, it is fine to add and delete NS records so long as the set
is neither brought into existence or deleted altogether.&nbsp; DNAME
is a singleton type (i.e., RR set is limited to 1 record).</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>RFC2136, rule 7.6 says &quot;it is not possible to create a zone
using this protocol&quot; and rule 7.13 adds &quot;if deleting RRsets,
it is not possible to delete either SOA or NS RRsets at the top of a
zone.&quot;&nbsp; And then there's the sticky case of glue.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I was going to argue that similar != the same, but the fact is
that DNAME dynamic update is quite different from NS dynamic
update.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&gt;<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </x-tab>The 2nd
and 3rd paragraphs of 5.2 should be deleted.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>I think the problem is the wording of the first sentence of 5.2,
not the latter two paragraphs.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&gt;<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </x-tab>It is
legal to add/delete records below a NS (and should</div>
<div>&gt;<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </x-tab>be for
DNAME) they just won't be visible until the DNAME<br>
&gt;<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </x-tab>or NS RRsets
are remove.&nbsp; In the NS case A and AAAA are</div>
<div>&gt;<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </x-tab>visible
as glue.<br>
&gt;</div>
<div>&gt;<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </x-tab>You have
to allow obscured records to be loaded.&nbsp; 2.4</div>
<div>&gt;<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </x-tab>currently
prevents this.<br>
</div>
<div>I don't agree that we have to allow obscured records to be
loaded.&nbsp; Why do we &quot;have to&quot;?&nbsp; Why &quot;(and
should be for DNAME)?&quot;</div>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<x-sigsep><pre>-- 
</pre></x-sigsep>
<div
>-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=<span
></span>-=-=-=-<br>
Edward
Lewis&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +1-571-434-5468<br>
NeuStar</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Mail archives, backups.&nbsp; Sometimes I think the true
beneficiaries of</div>
<div>standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.</div>
</body>
</html>
--============_-1009682602==_ma============--

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb  7 19:19:15 2008
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I am in the process of bringing up a subversion repository and tracker  
for the profile draft, and would like to solicit help from people to  
work on sections. This is in line with Olafur's suggestion of an edit  
process. -The document has been split out into files/dirs by the XML  
section blocks, so they can be edited more easily by a group of people.

If you are willing to take control of a section, and flesh it out,  
please can you contact me off-list. I will coordinate and then hand  
out subversion access. Apart from the general and authoritative server  
sections, substantive text is needed for the resolvers and middle  
boxes sections, which could be worked on independently.

The internet submission deadline for the 02+ drafts is the 25th of  
February, so I need your input as quickly as possible if we are to  
make substantive progress for an 02 draft.

I will work on the mails received so far, to put into an issue tracker  
against the subversion state. I am trying to incrementally include  
people's texts that I see either converging, or without disagreement,  
but there are still several outstanding issues around text, and  
document structure which will probably have to be resolved via the  
tracker, or face to face in philly.

Many thanks for your help to date,

-George





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To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis
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At 12:19 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	Note we could theoretically fix this for CNAME records by
>	banning CNAMEs that point to non-existant names.

It is impossible to definitely decide, in the most general case, if 
the domain name in the RDATA of the CNAME exists (for the zone's 
managing process).  I.e., if the name is like this:

           onename.example. CNAME onename.tld.

With example. and tld. not mutually served authoritatively by any name server.

>	If anyone can provide a rational for the quoted text I'd
>	like to hear it.

I assume the quoted text is this:

>>             If the "*" label does not exist, check whether the name we
>>             are looking for is the original QNAME in the query or a name
>>             we have followed due to a CNAME or DNAME.  If the name is
>>             original, set an authoritative name error in the response and
>>             exit.  Otherwise just exit.

That text is quite unclear, because what is the status of a name that 
is below a DNAME?  In CNAME it is clear, if you followed a CNAME you 
were at a name along the way, hence there's something in the answer 
section.  But DNAME the query is rewritten from "some other" name. 
One way to scratch your head over it is whether a name comes into 
existence because there's a CNAME record generated by the DNAME? 
Whether explicitly or implicitly.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 07 Feb 2008 22:03:39 CDT."
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> >	Section 2.4 and 5.2 are contradictory.
> 
> I'm going to disagree. I see what you are tripping over though.
> 
> Dynamic update for NS records are quite different from DNAME. For 
> instance, it is fine to add and delete NS records so long as the set 
> is neither brought into existence or deleted altogether.  DNAME is a 
> singleton type (i.e., RR set is limited to 1 record).

	At the apex.  It's perfect fine to add and delete NS RRsets
	at the bottom of zone.  DNAME is always at bottom of zone
	even when it is at the apex.
 
> RFC2136, rule 7.6 says "it is not possible to create a zone using 
> this protocol" and rule 7.13 adds "if deleting RRsets, it is not 
> possible to delete either SOA or NS RRsets at the top of a zone." 
> And then there's the sticky case of glue.
> 
> I was going to argue that similar != the same, but the fact is that 
> DNAME dynamic update is quite different from NS dynamic update.
> 
> >	The 2nd and 3rd paragraphs of 5.2 should be deleted.
> 
> I think the problem is the wording of the first sentence of 5.2, not 
> the latter two paragraphs.
> 
> >	It is legal to add/delete records below a NS (and should
> >	be for DNAME) they just won't be visible until the DNAME
> >	or NS RRsets are remove.  In the NS case A and AAAA are
> >	visible as glue.
> >
> >	You have to allow obscured records to be loaded.  2.4
> >	currently prevents this.
> 
> I don't agree that we have to allow obscured records to be loaded. 
> Why do we "have to"?  Why "(and should be for DNAME)?"

	Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
	then STOP and RESTART the server.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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Mark Andrews wrote:
|> I don't agree that we have to allow obscured records to be loaded.
|> Why do we "have to"?  Why "(and should be for DNAME)?"
|
| 	Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
| 	then STOP and RESTART the server.
|
| 	Mark

Hi Mark,

Why do we need obscured records?

Can't we rule that an added DNAME removes (not obscures) everything
below it. And nothing can be added below a DNAME.
That would make the draft consistent (but have to say that dynamic
update for DNAME is different from NS).

What is the current practice for DNAME and dynamic update in existing
implementations? How do they handle this - that is what I as an editor
want to know before introducing another implementation change :-)

Is it handled exactly like NS records now? In that case - can you
describe (in text) how that can be put in the draft?

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis
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Edward Lewis wrote:
| At 12:19 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
|
|>     Note we could theoretically fix this for CNAME records by
|>     banning CNAMEs that point to non-existant names.
|
| It is impossible to definitely decide, in the most general case, if the
| domain name in the RDATA of the CNAME exists (for the zone's managing
| process).  I.e., if the name is like this:
|
|           onename.example. CNAME onename.tld.
|
| With example. and tld. not mutually served authoritatively by any name
| server.
|
|>     If anyone can provide a rational for the quoted text I'd
|>     like to hear it.
|
| I assume the quoted text is this:
|
|>>             If the "*" label does not exist, check whether the name we
|>>             are looking for is the original QNAME in the query or a name
|>>             we have followed due to a CNAME or DNAME.  If the name is
|>>             original, set an authoritative name error in the response
|>> and
|>>             exit.  Otherwise just exit.
|
| That text is quite unclear, because what is the status of a name that is
| below a DNAME?  In CNAME it is clear, if you followed a CNAME you were
| at a name along the way, hence there's something in the answer section.
| But DNAME the query is rewritten from "some other" name. One way to
| scratch your head over it is whether a name comes into existence because
| there's a CNAME record generated by the DNAME? Whether explicitly or
| implicitly.

I think it is very clear. Once you add a CNAME (or DNAME) to the answer
section, then the rcode will be NOERROR (not NXDOMAIN), even if the
rdata of the CNAME does not exist.

Since the answer section is not going to be empty. Even will be filled
with the qname. And the name with a CNAME certainly exists. Thus the
qname domain name exists.

In my opinion, adding the rdata of the CNAME (following the CNAME chain)
is an optional 'nicety' by the server, and therefore does not change the
rcode. The real answer is the CNAME, which exists, which causes the name
to exist, and rcode=NOERROR.

A consequence is that all names below a DNAME come into existance.

Anyway, my interpretation, which seems wildly different from yours :-)

Best regards,
~   Wouter

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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 09:09:19 BST."
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> Mark Andrews wrote:
> |> I don't agree that we have to allow obscured records to be loaded.
> |> Why do we "have to"?  Why "(and should be for DNAME)?"
> |
> | 	Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
> | 	then STOP and RESTART the server.
> |
> | 	Mark
> 
> Hi Mark,
> 
> Why do we need obscured records?

	* So that you can easily correct mistakes.
	* So you can build namespace before you remove a DNAME.

> Can't we rule that an added DNAME removes (not obscures) everything
> below it. And nothing can be added below a DNAME.
> That would make the draft consistent (but have to say that dynamic
> update for DNAME is different from NS).
> 
> What is the current practice for DNAME and dynamic update in existing
> implementations? How do they handle this - that is what I as an editor
> want to know before introducing another implementation change :-)

	We obscure as that matched NS and preserved the DNAME semantics.
 
> Is it handled exactly like NS records now? In that case - can you
> describe (in text) how that can be put in the draft?

	You basically look for a DNAME the same way as you look for
	a NS record as you traverse down through a zone.
 
> Best regards,
> ~   Wouter
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-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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To: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 09:14:00 BST."
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> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Edward Lewis wrote:
> | At 12:19 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> |
> |>     Note we could theoretically fix this for CNAME records by
> |>     banning CNAMEs that point to non-existant names.
> |
> | It is impossible to definitely decide, in the most general case, if the
> | domain name in the RDATA of the CNAME exists (for the zone's managing
> | process).  I.e., if the name is like this:
> |
> |           onename.example. CNAME onename.tld.
> |
> | With example. and tld. not mutually served authoritatively by any name
> | server.
> |
> |>     If anyone can provide a rational for the quoted text I'd
> |>     like to hear it.
> |
> | I assume the quoted text is this:
> |
> |>>             If the "*" label does not exist, check whether the name we
> |>>             are looking for is the original QNAME in the query or a name
> |>>             we have followed due to a CNAME or DNAME.  If the name is
> |>>             original, set an authoritative name error in the response
> |>> and
> |>>             exit.  Otherwise just exit.
> |
> | That text is quite unclear, because what is the status of a name that is
> | below a DNAME?  In CNAME it is clear, if you followed a CNAME you were
> | at a name along the way, hence there's something in the answer section.
> | But DNAME the query is rewritten from "some other" name. One way to
> | scratch your head over it is whether a name comes into existence because
> | there's a CNAME record generated by the DNAME? Whether explicitly or
> | implicitly.
> 
> I think it is very clear. Once you add a CNAME (or DNAME) to the answer
> section, then the rcode will be NOERROR (not NXDOMAIN), even if the
> rdata of the CNAME does not exist.
> 
> Since the answer section is not going to be empty. Even will be filled
> with the qname. And the name with a CNAME certainly exists. Thus the
> qname domain name exists.
> 
> In my opinion, adding the rdata of the CNAME (following the CNAME chain)
> is an optional 'nicety' by the server, and therefore does not change the
> rcode. The real answer is the CNAME, which exists, which causes the name
> to exist, and rcode=NOERROR.
> 
> A consequence is that all names below a DNAME come into existance.
> 
> Anyway, my interpretation, which seems wildly different from yours :-)

	Yet if you make the same question of a cache you will get
	NXDOMAIN unless QTYPE is CNAME or ANY.
 
> Best regards,
> ~   Wouter
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PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 01:17:50 2008
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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis
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Mark Andrews wrote:
| Anyway, my interpretation, which seems wildly different from yours :-)
|
|> 	Yet if you make the same question of a cache you will get
|> 	NXDOMAIN unless QTYPE is CNAME or ANY.

Then the cache is wrong (I mean, RFC noncompliant)?
Or does a cache use a different algorithm from the RFC specs?

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 02:17:28 2008
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To: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 10:09:06 BST."
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> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Mark Andrews wrote:
> | Anyway, my interpretation, which seems wildly different from yours :-)
> |
> |> 	Yet if you make the same question of a cache you will get
> |> 	NXDOMAIN unless QTYPE is CNAME or ANY.
> 
> Then the cache is wrong (I mean, RFC noncompliant)?
> Or does a cache use a different algorithm from the RFC specs?

	Note the second point below.

If recursive service is requested and available, the recursive response
to a query will be one of the following:

   - The answer to the query, possibly preface by one or more CNAME
     RRs that specify aliases encountered on the way to an answer.

   - A name error indicating that the name does not exist.  This
     may include CNAME RRs that indicate that the original query
     name was an alias for a name which does not exist.

   - A temporary error indication.

	Also note it is possible to argue that "authoritative name
	error" is "add SOA record to authority section".  See 4.3.4.
	Negative response caching (Optional).

	Mark

> Best regards,
> ~   Wouter
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Mark Andrews, ISC
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PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 02:45:37 2008
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>,
        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-Reply-To: <200802080822.m188MZsM022185@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
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    Date:        Fri, 08 Feb 2008 19:22:35 +1100
    From:        Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
    Message-ID:  <200802080822.m188MZsM022185@drugs.dv.isc.org>

  | 	Yet if you make the same question of a cache you will get
  | 	NXDOMAIN unless QTYPE is CNAME or ANY.

How can that possibly be?   NXDOMAIN only occurs when the name being
sought does not exist in the DNS at all, with any RR type (or descendants).

If the name does exist, then NXDOMAIN is simply wrong, whatever RR type
the name might own (including CNAME, and regardless of the value of the
CNAME data field) - and I cannot even begin to imagine how getting the
answer from a cache can possibly make any difference to that.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 02:59:17 2008
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Mark Andrews wrote:
| Or does a cache use a different algorithm from the RFC specs?
|
|> 	Note the second point below.

|> 	Also note it is possible to argue that "authoritative name
|> 	error" is "add SOA record to authority section".  See 4.3.4.
|> 	Negative response caching (Optional).

OK, you are right, it looks like the authoritative and cache algorithm
differ there. That certainly is inconsistent.

Back to the DNAME draft. It is not going to update RFC1034, but we can
say something sensible there. Perhaps remove some lines and let 1034
handle it, change to 'handle DNAME like encountering a CNAME on the way'?

Or is the text fine the way it is now?

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>,
        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-Reply-To: <200802081009.m18A966C022761@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
References: <200802081009.m18A966C022761@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
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    Date:        Fri, 08 Feb 2008 21:09:06 +1100
    From:        Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
    Message-ID:  <200802081009.m18A966C022761@drugs.dv.isc.org>

  | 	Note the second point below.

I think that's a mistake in 1034.

  | If recursive service is requested and available, the recursive response
  | to a query will be one of the following:
[...]

  |    - A name error indicating that the name does not exist.  This
  |      may include CNAME RRs that indicate that the original query
  |      name was an alias for a name which does not exist.

Then see 1035, section 4.1.1 ...

RCODE           Response code - this 4 bit field is set as part of
                responses.  The values have the following
                interpretation: 

                3               Name Error - Meaningful only for
                                responses from an authoritative name
                                server, this code signifies that the
                                domain name referenced in the query does
                                not exist.

The bit about "only for responses from auth name server" is a bit
obsolete now, we permit caching of NXDOMAIN, but the

	"the domain name referenced in the query does not exist."

is really very clear, and has never been changed.


What's more, even if things were to be extended to allow NXDOMAIN if the
value of a CNAME is a non-existing domain, the difference isn't in whether
the server is a cache or not (aka, whether recursive service is being
provided or not), it would be whether or not the server in question has
data about the existence (or not) of the result of a CNAME.

We know that there is no rule that a non-recursive server must return
only the CNAME if it receives an A lookup of a name that is an alias,
if it has the A record for the canonical name, it returns that as well.

So, if I have

	FOO IN CNAME BAR

	; BAR IN A 10.10.10.10	; deleted last week

(and that was the only record for BAR), then an A lookup aimed at
the server could (if this were the right thing to do, which I do not
believe it is) return

	RCODE=NXDOMAIN (aka Name Error, aka 3)
	ANSWER="FOO IN CNAME BAR"

which is exactly what you're saying a cache would return.   The only
place there's a difference is when the canonical name is (would be) in
a zone for which the server is not auth - then if it isn't recursive,
it won't be able to ascertain whether the canonical name exists or not,
whereas if it is, it can.

Lastly, aside from being absurd to even contemplate (and totally
unenforceable) banning CNAME records containing non-existing names
would not solve this problem (there still needs to be a behaviour
defined), and is the wrong thing to do in any case.

Let's just make it clear that 1035, 4.1.1 (quoted above) is correct,
and RCODE==3 applies only when the name in the query section does not
exist, and in absolutely no other cases whatever.

kre


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Cc: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>,  Paul Vixie <Paul_Vixie@isc.org>,
	  namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP
References: <200802050046.m150kXZ1018895@drugs.dv.isc.org>
	<a06240810c3cd92f6fa72@[0.0.0.0]>
From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Fri, 08 Feb 2008 13:34:35 +0100
In-Reply-To: <a06240810c3cd92f6fa72@[0.0.0.0]> (Edward Lewis's message of "Mon, 4 Feb 2008 23:24:53 -0500")
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* Edward Lewis:

> I'm just thinking of possible ways a server might be handling the
> connection in ways that might make multiplexing not work.

This pattern might be fairly common:

  while 1:
    buffer =3D socket.read( 65538)
    plen =3D int16at(buffer, 0)
    packet =3D buffer[2:2 + plen]
    process(packet):

It only works with half-duplex connections because the read call might
gnaw into the subsequent packet if pipelining/full duplex is used.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99

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Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP
References: <200802042353.m14NrR1o018135@drugs.dv.isc.org>
From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Fri, 08 Feb 2008 13:31:31 +0100
In-Reply-To: <200802042353.m14NrR1o018135@drugs.dv.isc.org> (Mark Andrews's message of "Tue, 05 Feb 2008 10:53:27 +1100")
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* Mark Andrews:

> 	Why?  The spec will out live any broken implementations.

A spec that gives implementors a chance to end up with an
interoperable implementation without too much tweaking is a worthwhile
goal, I guess.  For classic DNS, the days of prescriptive protocol
work are gone.

> 	Within a couple of years of a definitive spec being out
> 	there the vast majority of servers will have been fixed if
> 	they have not already been fixed.

Not if it is a frivolous protocol change, without any operational
advantage.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99

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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP
References: <a0624080bc3cd2b69e823@[0.0.0.0]>
From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Fri, 08 Feb 2008 13:38:04 +0100
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* Edward Lewis:

> I am going over the AXFR on TCP part of the -07 draft.  Reading some
> comments and contrasting with some on this list I wanted to find out
> what's really happening now as opposed to what could be.
>
> My vision of an AXFR session is, client opens a connection, asks,
> gets, closes connection, session over.  That seems quite trivial,
> something I can do with dig, etc.

My gut feeling is that this is fine, with a small extension: ordinary
queries should be allowed on the connection before the AXFR session
starts.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99

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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 17:49:11 +0700."
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>     Date:        Fri, 08 Feb 2008 21:09:06 +1100
>     From:        Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
>     Message-ID:  <200802081009.m18A966C022761@drugs.dv.isc.org>
> 
>   | 	Note the second point below.
> 
> I think that's a mistake in 1034.
> 
>   | If recursive service is requested and available, the recursive response
>   | to a query will be one of the following:
> [...]
> 
>   |    - A name error indicating that the name does not exist.  This
>   |      may include CNAME RRs that indicate that the original query
>   |      name was an alias for a name which does not exist.
> 
> Then see 1035, section 4.1.1 ...
> 
> RCODE           Response code - this 4 bit field is set as part of
>                 responses.  The values have the following
>                 interpretation: 
> 
>                 3               Name Error - Meaningful only for
>                                 responses from an authoritative name
>                                 server, this code signifies that the
>                                 domain name referenced in the query does
>                                 not exist.
> 
> The bit about "only for responses from auth name server" is a bit
> obsolete now, we permit caching of NXDOMAIN, but the
> 
> 	"the domain name referenced in the query does not exist."
>
> is really very clear, and has never been changed.

	RFC 1034 allows a name error to be returned from a cache.
	RFC 2308 allows a authoritive name error to be returned
	from a cache.
	RFC 403[345] allow a name error to be cryptographically
	validiated in the response from a cache.

	In all case the name at the end of the CNAME chain is what
	is being referred to by the name error.

	Prior to RFC 2308 the cache had to make a new query each
	time you got to the end of the CNAME chain then "append"
	the result.  The stub resolver was not expected to do
	this and no stub resolver, as far as I am aware, will issue
	a second query on a CNAME chain the terminates on with NoError.

	Also no stub resolver goes and follows the authority and
	additional sections to retrieve a NXDOMAIN response as you
	interpretation would require them to do as it precludes a
	caching resolver *ever* returning NXDOMAIN whether proceeded
	by CNAMEs or not.

	RFC 1034 and RFC 1035 have lots of errors in them.  They also
	have lots of incomplete ideas.  Negative caching was incomplete
	by RFC 1034's own admission and that seriously impacted on
	how NXDOMAIN responses were described including the text
	which started this thread.

	As for RFC 1035's definition of name error, whether it was
	initially correct or not, it has been superceeded by RFC
	2308 which clearly allow for name error to be return from
	caches.  It also makes no distiction between authoritative
	servers or caches and expects name error at the end of
	CNAMEs in both cases.

> What's more, even if things were to be extended to allow NXDOMAIN if the
> value of a CNAME is a non-existing domain, the difference isn't in whether
> the server is a cache or not (aka, whether recursive service is being
> provided or not), it would be whether or not the server in question has
> data about the existence (or not) of the result of a CNAME.
>
> We know that there is no rule that a non-recursive server must return
> only the CNAME if it receives an A lookup of a name that is an alias,
> if it has the A record for the canonical name, it returns that as well.
> 
> So, if I have
> 
> 	FOO IN CNAME BAR
> 
> 	; BAR IN A 10.10.10.10	; deleted last week
> 
> (and that was the only record for BAR), then an A lookup aimed at
> the server could (if this were the right thing to do, which I do not
> believe it is) return
> 
> 	RCODE=NXDOMAIN (aka Name Error, aka 3)
> 	ANSWER="FOO IN CNAME BAR"
> 
> which is exactly what you're saying a cache would return.   The only
> place there's a difference is when the canonical name is (would be) in
> a zone for which the server is not auth - then if it isn't recursive,
> it won't be able to ascertain whether the canonical name exists or not,
> whereas if it is, it can.
> 
> Lastly, aside from being absurd to even contemplate (and totally
> unenforceable) banning CNAME records containing non-existing names
> would not solve this problem (there still needs to be a behaviour
> defined), and is the wrong thing to do in any case.
> 
> Let's just make it clear that 1035, 4.1.1 (quoted above) is correct,
> and RCODE==3 applies only when the name in the query section does not
> exist, and in absolutely no other cases whatever.
> 
> kre
> 
> 
> --
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-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 06:03:41 2008
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To: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, Paul Vixie <Paul_Vixie@isc.org>,
        namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: AXFR and TCP 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 13:34:35 BST."
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> * Edward Lewis:
> 
> > I'm just thinking of possible ways a server might be handling the
> > connection in ways that might make multiplexing not work.
> 
> This pattern might be fairly common:
> 
>   while 1:
>     buffer =3D socket.read( 65538)
>     plen =3D int16at(buffer, 0)
>     packet =3D buffer[2:2 + plen]
>     process(packet):
> 
> It only works with half-duplex connections because the read call might
> gnaw into the subsequent packet if pipelining/full duplex is used.

	RFC 1034 does not preclude the client sending multiple
	queries without waiting for a answer.  Such code is already
	broken as there are clients which don't always wait for a
	answer before send the next query.

	netstat could make libresolv have multiple outstanding queries.
	I first saw them 15+ years ago.

> 
> --=20
> Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
> BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
> Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
> D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
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-- 
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1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 06:57:33 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 17:49:11 +0700."
             <9115.1202467751@epsilon.noi.kre.to> 
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[kre]
>                 3               Name Error - Meaningful only for
>                                 responses from an authoritative name
>                                 server, this code signifies that the
>                                 domain name referenced in the query does
>                                 not exist.
> 
> The bit about "only for responses from auth name server" is a bit
> obsolete now, we permit caching of NXDOMAIN, but the
> 
> 	"the domain name referenced in the query does not exist."
> 
> is really very clear, and has never been changed.

it's not clear to me at all.

> What's more, even if things were to be extended to allow NXDOMAIN if the
> value of a CNAME is a non-existing domain, ...

you mean like this?

	; <<>> DiG 9.4.1 <<>> somewhere.vix.com in a @::1
	; (1 server found)
	;; global options:  printcmd
	;; Got answer:
	;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 40272
	;; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
	
	;; QUESTION SECTION:
	;somewhere.vix.com.             IN      A
	
	;; ANSWER SECTION:
	somewhere.vix.com.      3600    IN      CNAME   nowhere.vix.com.
	
	;; Query time: 2 msec
	;; SERVER: ::1#53(::1)
	;; WHEN: Fri Feb  8 14:31:13 2008
	;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 57

i can't think of any other way to signal this.  (the above is from a recursive
DNS implementation made by me from memory, without reference to BIND or RFCs.)

> the difference isn't in whether the server is a cache or not (aka, whether
> recursive service is being provided or not), it would be whether or not the
> server in question has data about the existence (or not) of the result of a
> CNAME.

"has data" won't do, as a standard.  a recursive server has to follow 
out-of-zone cnames and thus, will keep searching until there is a definitive
answer.  an authority server does not have to follow out-of-zone cnames and
so, can return a dangling cname chain (ANCOUNT>0) and no error (RCODE=0) 
which is a partial, nondefinitive result.  if the cname is in-zone, an
authority server will give a definitive result very much like the one above
(which i now realize probably ought to include an SOA RR in its authority.)

> We know that there is no rule that a non-recursive server must return
> only the CNAME if it receives an A lookup of a name that is an alias,
> if it has the A record for the canonical name, it returns that as well.
> 
> So, if I have
> 
> 	FOO IN CNAME BAR
> 
> 	; BAR IN A 10.10.10.10	; deleted last week
> 
> (and that was the only record for BAR), then an A lookup aimed at
> the server could (if this were the right thing to do, which I do not
> believe it is) return
> 
> 	RCODE=NXDOMAIN (aka Name Error, aka 3)
> 	ANSWER="FOO IN CNAME BAR"
> 
> which is exactly what you're saying a cache would return.

that's what everybody does, and it's the only way that a recursive server who
talks to that authority server is going to be able to build a complete CNAME
chain when out-of-zone CNAMEs are allowed.

when i put this question to PVM about ten years ago, he said "out-of-zone
CNAME RRs were never part of my early thinking on DNS, so the spec is
incomplete on that point" and "good luck storming the castle, boys!"

> ... The only place there's a difference is when the canonical name is (would
> be) in a zone for which the server is not auth - then if it isn't recursive,
> it won't be able to ascertain whether the canonical name exists or not,
> whereas if it is, it can.

you mean like this?

	; <<>> DiG 9.4.1 <<>> +bufsize=1500 elsewhere.vix.com in a
	;	@ns.lah1.vix.com
	; (1 server found)
	;; global options:  printcmd
	;; Got answer:
	;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 64677
	;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 13, ADDITIONAL: 18
	;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available
	
	;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
	; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 4096
	;; QUESTION SECTION:
	;elsewhere.vix.com.             IN      A
	
	;; ANSWER SECTION:
	elsewhere.vix.com.      3600    IN      CNAME   nowhere.munnari.oz.au.
	
	;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
	.                       518368  IN      NS      I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
	...
	
	;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
	M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.     604760  IN      A       202.12.27.33
	...
	
	;; Query time: 0 msec
	;; SERVER: 204.152.188.234#53(204.152.188.234)
	;; WHEN: Fri Feb  8 14:43:18 2008
	;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 624

> Lastly, aside from being absurd to even contemplate (and totally
> unenforceable) banning CNAME records containing non-existing names
> would not solve this problem (there still needs to be a behaviour
> defined), and is the wrong thing to do in any case.

right.

> Let's just make it clear that 1035, 4.1.1 (quoted above) is correct,
> and RCODE==3 applies only when the name in the query section does not
> exist, and in absolutely no other cases whatever.

how would an iterative resolver ever build a complete cname chain in that
case, if out-of-zone CNAMEs are present?  i think we have to make it clear
that RFC 1035 did not know about out-of-zone CNAMEs and that when those are
present we have to look at a larger picture than the definition of RCODE=3.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 07:12:43 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 09:09:19 +0100."
             <47AC0E2F.30906@nlnetlabs.nl> 
References: <200802080326.m183QTJo045227@drugs.dv.isc.org>  <47AC0E2F.30906@nlnetlabs.nl> 
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--=-=-=

> |> I don't agree that we have to allow obscured records to be loaded.
> |> Why do we "have to"?  Why "(and should be for DNAME)?"
> |
> | 	Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
> | 	then STOP and RESTART the server.
> 
> Why do we need obscured records?
> 
> Can't we rule that an added DNAME removes (not obscures) everything
> below it. And nothing can be added below a DNAME.

if the unix "mv" or "cp" command could ever behave like "rm -rf" then the
natural error rate would be high enough, at scale, that a whole lot of
data would get implicitly destroyed, and the behaviour would be changed.

> That would make the draft consistent (but have to say that dynamic
> update for DNAME is different from NS).

we just can't have UPDATE doing implicit "rm -rf".  anyone who wants that
behaviour should code it as successive, explicit UPDATE operations.

> What is the current practice for DNAME and dynamic update in existing
> implementations? How do they handle this - that is what I as an editor
> want to know before introducing another implementation change :-)
> 
> Is it handled exactly like NS records now? In that case - can you
> describe (in text) how that can be put in the draft?

right now there are no special rules for UPDATE on DNAME RRs.  unlike
NS RR it is possible to delete the last DNAME at a zone apex, for example.
(not that this matters, i'm just using it as an example.)  so what we get
at the moment is, if you add a DNAME then the zone beneath that point is
unreachable by the authority server's search algo, and names/records below
that point which have been cached, are still returnable from recursive
servers, who aren't aware of the DNAME.

if you're going to update the DNAME++ spec on this point, i'd say, adding a
DNAME to an existing name (which has either records or children) is not
permitted, and YXDOMAIN should be returned in this case.  i thought that we
had covered this adequately in an earlier thread here.  see attached.


--=-=-=
Content-Type: message/rfc822
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=3915

From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>
cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>,
    Namedroppers <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: updated dname draft-08 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 14 Jan 2008 11:51:41 EST."
             <478B931D.3080306@nist.gov> 
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> Basically yes, but the changes are:

thanks very much for this, and for wouter's answer to the same lazy question
from me.

> Server side
> Old:
> server generated CNAME RRs have TTL=0
> Always generated CNAMEs in response containing DNAME
> 
> New:
> server generated CNAME RRs have TTL = DNAME TTL (some implementations
> already do this)
> 
> Only generate CNAME RRs if the Understand DNAME (UD) bit is NOT set (EDNS0
> flags field - 2nd highest bit requested)

so far so good.

> Server MUST return RCODE=REFUSED to a dynamic update message that would add
> any RR with a domain name under a DNAME RR's ownername.
> 
> Server handles adding DNAME RRs much like adding a NS to a zone (removes
> any domain names that would be under the DNAME ownername).

these are both controversial.  see below.

> Client side
> New:
> If resolver understands DNAME RRs in a response (i.e. follow them without
> the need of a CNAME) set the UD bit in the EDNS0 flags section.

and presumably ignore any presented CNAMEs whose owner matches a presented
DNAME (since not all servers will notice the UD).  but since EDNS is hop/hop
i'm going to ask whether recursive servers are allowed to synthesize CNAME
if there is a cached DNAME and UD=0?  (i don't need to know, it's fine with
me either way, i just hope the draft covers this.)

> If generated CNAMEs present, expect TTL = DNAME TTL or TTL = 0

how does an initiator know whether the presented CNAMEs are synthetic?

> Caches:
> Discussion only
> 
> The rest of the draft is a discussion of DNAME including clarification and
> pulling in sections of other drafts that discuss DNAME RRs.
> 
> I think that's all.  Would it help if this was expanded and included as an
> appendix to the draft?

yes, very much.

---

now for the two controversial UPDATE issues

first, RCODE=REFUSED is defined by RFC 2136 as follows:

              REFUSED     5       The name server refuses to perform the
                                  specified operation for policy or
                                  security reasons.

every RCODE related to UPDATE failure that is dependent on pre-existing zone
content is something other than REFUSED.  by "policy" in the above text, we
really meant something that had a configuration knob, where the knob was in
the "wrong" or incompatible position.  to use RCODE=REFUSED as a data-present
zone content incompatibility would be, in my opinion, the wrong thing to do.

i propose that RCODE=YXDOMAIN be used instead:

              YXDOMAIN    6       Some name that ought not to exist,
                                  does exist.

here, we deliberately did not say that the name which does exist is, or is
not, the same as a name being updated.  it covers perfectly well the case you
said: "would add any RR with a domain name under a DNAME RR's ownername."  if
this isn't reasonable, then i propose we allocate a new RCODE for this case,
but that no matter what we do, we must not use RCODE=REFUSED.

second, automatic removal of removal of domains below a DNAME.  RFC 2136 does
not, as far as i can tell by searching it, ask an UPDATE responder to delete
names when an NS RR is added.  in fact, this issue came up during the DNSIND
discussions and we determined that since the zone searching algorythm used by
QUERY would stop when searching downward from the apex upon encounter with an
NS RRset, then it was theoretically possible to add an NS RR which would hide
all data beneath its owner name, and then later delete that NS RRset causing
all the previously hidden data to become visible.  since DNAME has the same
effect on QUERY's downward search as NS has (that is, the search stops), i
think there is no reason to require any automatic deletion of data when a 
DNAME is added.

sorry to be so late with this.  i don't keep up with drafts like i used to.

--=-=-=--

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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 11:23:43 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 14:26 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	At the apex.  It's perfect fine to add and delete NS RRsets
>	at the bottom of zone.  DNAME is always at bottom of zone
>	even when it is at the apex.

Ergo, NS processing is not "similar" to DNAME, right?  DNAME can be 
at the apex or not, there's no difference.

>	Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
>	then STOP and RESTART the server.

I don't know how to read that.  By the rules of DNAME, it isn't 
allowed to "obscure" domain names.  So, no, you can't do that.

Should we want to?
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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 11:37:31 -0500
To: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>,
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At 9:14 +0100 2/8/08, Wouter Wijngaards wrote:

>A consequence is that all names below a DNAME come into existance.

What a wacky idea.

When we came up with RFC 4592 we had to have a clearer definition of 
"existence."  Just because a name appears in an answer doesn't mean 
it exists.  (But then, how did it get into the answer?)  Synthesized 
answers, of which wild cards are the one defined mechanism, are the 
alternative to answers from existing names.

To avoid making this long, I won't paste in RFC 4592's section 2.2.3. 
"Yet Another Definition of Existence" section.  But that defines 
existence as things "on the tree" and not "things in answers."

Here's the conflicting "precedents."  CNAME processing removes 
NXDOMAIN from answers that wind up at non-existing names - but the 
(first if a chain) CNAME owner has to equal the QNAME.  Wild cards 
remove NXDOMAIN from any answer in their spheres of influence but 
that's because an answer is being synthesized to overlay the name 
error.  However, wild cards don't cause names to come into being, if 
they did, the wild card would never be invoked (look carefully at RFC 
1034, 4.3.2).

It's not clear to me that I agree.

Ergo, it's a wacky idea.

>Anyway, my interpretation, which seems wildly different from yours :-)

No, really, I asked because I hadn't thought of it before.
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<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<html><head><style type="text/css"><!--
blockquote, dl, ul, ol, li { padding-top: 0 ; padding-bottom: 0 }
 --></style><title>Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt:
CNAME synth</title></head><body>
<div>At 9:14 +0100 2/8/08, Wouter Wijngaards wrote:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&gt;A consequence is that all names below a DNAME come into
existance.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>What a wacky idea.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>When we came up with RFC 4592 we had to have a clearer definition
of &quot;existence.&quot;&nbsp; Just because a name appears in an
answer doesn't mean it exists.&nbsp; (But then, how did it get into
the answer?)&nbsp; Synthesized answers, of which wild cards are the
one defined mechanism, are the alternative to answers from existing
names.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>To avoid making this long, I won't paste in RFC 4592's section
2.2.3.&nbsp; &quot;Yet Another Definition of Existence&quot; section.&nbsp;
But that defines existence as things &quot;on the tree&quot; and not
&quot;things in answers.&quot;</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Here's the conflicting &quot;precedents.&quot;&nbsp; CNAME
processing removes NXDOMAIN from answers that wind up at non-existing
names - but the (first if a chain) CNAME owner has to equal the
QNAME.&nbsp; Wild cards remove NXDOMAIN from any answer in their
spheres of influence but that's because an answer is being synthesized
to overlay the name error.&nbsp; However, wild cards don't cause names
to come into being, if they did, the wild card would never be invoked
(look carefully at RFC 1034, 4.3.2).</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>It's not clear to me that I agree.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Ergo, it's a wacky idea.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>&gt;Anyway, my interpretation, which seems wildly different from
yours :-)</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>No, really, I asked because I hadn't thought of it before.</div>
<x-sigsep><pre>-- 
</pre></x-sigsep>
<div
>-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=<span
></span>-=-=-=-<br>
Edward
Lewis&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span
>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; +1-571-434-5468<br>
NeuStar</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Mail archives, backups.&nbsp; Sometimes I think the true
beneficiaries of</div>
<div>standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.</div>
</body>
</html>
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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 11:43:18 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis
Cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>,
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At 19:22 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	Yet if you make the same question of a cache you will get
>	NXDOMAIN unless QTYPE is CNAME or ANY.

I should have included in the previous message, but the mailer sent it out.

That's significant - existence of a name it transferrable from 
authoritative server to cache, synthesis rules are not.
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 11:48:04 -0500
To: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis
Cc: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>,
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At 11:52 +0100 2/8/08, Wouter Wijngaards wrote:
>-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
>Hash: SHA1
>
>Mark Andrews wrote:
>| Or does a cache use a different algorithm from the RFC specs?
>|
>|> 	Note the second point below.
>
>|> 	Also note it is possible to argue that "authoritative name
>|> 	error" is "add SOA record to authority section".  See 4.3.4.
>|> 	Negative response caching (Optional).
>
>OK, you are right, it looks like the authoritative and cache algorithm
>differ there. That certainly is inconsistent.
>
>Back to the DNAME draft. It is not going to update RFC1034, but we can
>say something sensible there. Perhaps remove some lines and let 1034
>handle it, change to 'handle DNAME like encountering a CNAME on the way'?
>
>Or is the text fine the way it is now?

Don't rely on analogy to define something ("DNAME like CNAME").  And 
it's clear to me after Robert Elz's point that:

At 17:49 +0700 2/8/08, Robert Elz wrote:
>	"the domain name referenced in the query does not exist."
>
>is really very clear, and has never been changed.

Still, I'm not satisfied with what I am thinking now......
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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 11:41:25 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
Cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>,
        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 19:18 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	* So that you can easily correct mistakes.

You can cover that via clever scripting.  Once I added 100's of names 
incorrectly.  I just modified the "add" to "delete" in the script and 
took them out.

But granted, easy to fix would be nice.  I question it is necessary.

>	* So you can build namespace before you remove a DNAME.

But, atomicity of dynamic updates can solve that.  "delete DNAME, add 
these" can be in one step.

>	We obscure as that matched NS and preserved the DNAME semantics.

So you are saying that you implemented DNAME much like (similar?) NS?

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: DNS Zone Transfer Protocol (AXFR)
	Author(s)	: A. Gustafsson
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-07.txt
	Pages		: 0
	Date		: 2008-2-5
	
The Domain Name System standard facilities for maintaining coherent
servers for a zone consist of three elements.  The Authoritative
Transfer (AXFR) is defined in RFC 1034 and RFC 1035.  The Incremental
Zone Transfer (IXFR) is defined in RFC 1995.  A mechanism for prompt
notification of zone changes (NOTIFY) is defined in RFC 1996.  The base
definition of these facilities, that of the AXFR, has proven
insufficient in detail, resulting in no implementation complying with
it. Yet today we have a satisfactory set of implementations that do
interoperate. This document is a new definition of the AXFR, new in the
sense that is it recording an accurate definition of an interoperable
AXFR mechanism.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 10:45:23 2008
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Subject: AXFR over UDP is available
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http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-lewis-axfr-over-udp-00.txt

Haven't seen the announcement yet, but the URL works.
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 11:39:34 2008
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Edward Lewis wrote:
> 
>>     Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
>>     then STOP and RESTART the server.
> 
> I don't know how to read that.  By the rules of DNAME, it isn't allowed 
> to "obscure" domain names.  So, no, you can't do that.
> 
> Should we want to?

So when it comes to names under a DNAME - obscure/delete/remove all 
basically mean the same thing (in the protocol) and the only difference 
is in bookkeeping on the server side as to what to do with the actual 
RRs.  Is that the point?

In which case the first paragraph of Section 5.2 can be changed to read:

   DNAME resource records can be added, changed and removed.
   Adding a DNAME RR removes all domain names that would appear
   under the newly added DNAME RR.  The zone data that is
   removed MAY still exist on the local server in some form
   but MUST NOT be used as zone data when responding to queries
   and MUST NOT be included in zone transfer operations.

Then the following two paragraphs of Section 5.2.  Removed can be 
interpreted as obscured, deleted, copied to another file, or some other 
operation - it is up to the implementation.

-- 
----------------------------------------
Scott Rose            Computer Scientist
NIST
ph: +1 301-975-8439
scott.rose@nist.gov

http://www-x.antd.nist.gov/dnssec
http://www.dnsops.gov/
-----------------------------------------

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 12:06:23 2008
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
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    Date:        Fri, 08 Feb 2008 14:47:29 +0000
    From:        Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
    Message-ID:  <2901.1202482049@sa.vix.com>

  | i can't think of any other way to signal this.

Huh?   What's difficult, you return the CNAME alone, RCODE==0
just as if it were an out of zone cname.

If that comes from a non-recursive server, then just like any other
incomplete answer from such a server, you make another query, this
time using the canonical name, and you get the answer (data, no data,
or NXDOMAIN as appropriate).

If the answer above is from a recursive server (RA==RD==1) then you
know you have the complete answer, as much as you need anyway, the
name queried exists, but the data you're looking for does not exist
(there's no A, or MX or whatever).

That's all that's needed, there's no difference between that case,
and the empty answer (plus SOA, not a referral, with NS records).
There's no need to have a different kind of application error return
for the case of a dangling CNAME, the data sought doesn't exist,
that's the end of it.

  | "has data" won't do, as a standard.

No, that was shorthand typing...   I think you know what I meant (which
there was just to point out that Mark's recursive vs non-recursive
distinction for different answers being returned wasn't correct, that's
not what would make the difference).

  | a recursive server has to follow out-of-zone cnames and thus,
  | will keep searching until there is a definitive answer.

Of course.

  | an authority server does not have to follow out-of-zone cnames and
  | so, can return a dangling cname chain (ANCOUNT>0) and no error (RCODE=0) 
  | which is a partial, nondefinitive result.

Yes, of course.

  | if the cname is in-zone, an
  | authority server will give a definitive result very much like the one above

That's what I don't think it should do, the name queried did exist, it
should not be NXDOMAIN.

  | (which i now realize probably ought to include an SOA RR in its authority.)

Yeah - but that's hardly relevant just now...

  | that's what everybody does, and it's the only way that a recursive server
  | who talks to that authority server is going to be able to build a
  | complete CNAME chain when out-of-zone CNAMEs are allowed.

Really?   I sure must be missing some problem, as that just doesn't
sound that difficult to me (more packets than we'd like to send perhaps,
but dangling CNAMES also, one hopes, aren't a very common disease.)

  | when i put this question to PVM about ten years ago, he said "out-of-zone
  | CNAME RRs were never part of my early thinking on DNS, so the spec is
  | incomplete on that point" and "good luck storming the castle, boys!"

That's probably true, but it isn't out of zone CNAMEs that we're really
discussing, what the auth server does there is pretty clear, and we agree
on that I think, its in zone CNAMEs where we're disagreeing about what is
the appropriate response.

  | you mean like this?

Yes, but that's boring, and isn't really adding everything, we all
agree (I hope) that that response is correct,

  | how would an iterative resolver ever build a complete cname chain in that
  | case, if out-of-zone CNAMEs are present?

I can't believe that you're asking for a lesson on pointer chasing, so
I won't give one, but ***really***!

  | i think we have to make it clear
  | that RFC 1035 did not know about out-of-zone CNAMEs and that when those are
  | present we have to look at a larger picture than the definition of RCODE=3.

I think it would be OK to make that point somewhere (the first of your
two points), but I'm also not sure it is relevant right now, as that's
actually the easy case.

I kind of suspect that people have been hung up on the idea that if the
canonical name doesn't exist, then its alias cannot exist.  To me that's
just wrong, the alias exists, and no lookup of it should give name error.

I never really paid a lot of attention to all of the DNSSEC stuff about
proof of non-existance, but I can't even imagine the convoluted chain of
logic that would be needed to attempt to authoritatively claim that a
"name error" is correct for a name that demonstratively exists (and for
which, a different query - type=CNAME - would be required to say "does
exist").   That would just be perverse.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 12:27:26 2008
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>,
        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
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    Date:        Sat, 09 Feb 2008 00:14:34 +1100
    From:        Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
    Message-ID:  <200802081314.m18DEYoq023801@drugs.dv.isc.org>


  | 	RFC 1034 allows a name error to be returned from a cache.
  | 	RFC 2308 allows a authoritive name error to be returned
  | 	from a cache.
  | 	RFC 403[345] allow a name error to be cryptographically
  | 	validiated in the response from a cache.

Yes, I know, as I said, the part about "only relevant in an auth
answer" is not the way things work, that part was wrong.

  | 	In all case the name at the end of the CNAME chain is what
  | 	is being referred to by the name error.

That part I think is a mistake, it is logically wrong.

  | 	Prior to RFC 2308 the cache had to make a new query each
  | 	time you got to the end of the CNAME chain then "append"
  | 	the result.

Yes.   That's what it needs to do if the data hasn't been included in
the answer - that's clearly needed for an out of zone CNAME reply from
a non-recursive server (there's no other way forward, whether or not
the canonical name exists), doing the same thing for an apparently
in-zone CNAME doesn't seem to be a great burden to me ("apparently"
as there isn't any way to tell (without a bunch of extra queries) if
the canonical name is in the same zone as the alias or not, so there
cannot really be different behaviours.)   What's more, if the
canonical name doesn't exist, then it is impossible to say that
it would have been in the same zone had it existed, we cannot possibly
know (we do sometimes know that it cannot have been in the same zone,
but never that it must have been.)

What I'm trying to say, is that if you get a noerror and a cname, and
no record of the type being queried, then you always MUST do another
query.   By defining the rcode to relate to the end of the (included
in the response, I assume) CNAME chain, all you're really doing is
occasionally saving a query (in the comparatively unusual case of
dangling CNAMEs).    I don't believe that's worth the inconsistency
it generates.

  |     The stub resolver was not expected to do
  | 	this and no stub resolver, as far as I am aware, will issue
  | 	a second query on a CNAME chain the terminates on with NoError.

No, and that's fine, its recursive server (since it returned an answer)
has already done all the work - if there's no terminating type==A (or
whatever the query type was) in the response, then it doesn't exist.
That's no different than simply getting an empty answer, the fact that
there is a CNAME floating in the ether doesn't really change anything.

  | 	Also no stub resolver goes and follows the authority and
  | 	additional sections to retrieve a NXDOMAIN response as you
  | 	interpretation would require them to do

No I don't, why is a NXDOMAIN needed?   All it needs to know is that
the data it sought doesn't exist.   When it fails to find that data
in the response from its cache (back end resolver), it knows all it
needs to know.

  |     as it precludes a
  | 	caching resolver *ever* returning NXDOMAIN whether proceeded
  | 	by CNAMEs or not.

No, I agree that negative answers from caches are fine (and I said
that last time...)

  | 	RFC 1034 and RFC 1035 have lots of errors in them.

Yes.   We are discussing an inconsistency between them, so clearly one
of them is wrong.   The question is, which one?

It has been a long time since I read 2308, I will look at it again.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 12:29:33 2008
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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 15:14:57 -0500
To: Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
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At 14:28 -0500 2/8/08, Scott Rose wrote:
>Edward Lewis wrote:
>>
>>>      Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
>>>      then STOP and RESTART the server.
>>  I don't know how to read that.  By the rules of DNAME, it isn't 
>>allowed to "obscure" domain names.  So, no, you can't do that.
>>  Should we want to?
>
>So when it comes to names under a DNAME - obscure/delete/remove all 
>basically mean the same thing (in the protocol) and the only 
>difference is in bookkeeping on the server side as to what to do 
>with the actual RRs.  Is that the point?

Not quite.

If you choose the semantics of obscuring...

When a DNAME is put "above" an (explicitly) existing name, subsequent 
searches will cross the DNAME (as if it were an NS - cut point) and 
be processed there.  The obscured name is "dormant." If subsequently 
the DNAME is "removed" then the name in question returns to "live" 
action when it comes to query processing.

If you prohibit the addition of DNAME above an existing name...

You are "forcing" a delete of the below names before the DNAME can be 
added.  Consequently, when ever the DNAME is removed, the old names 
are still gone.

If you make the addition of a DNAME cause an implicit deletion of 
names below...

You effectively create the same as the previous case, but without an 
error condition to check for.  (Like "rm -f" vs. "rm")

>In which case the first paragraph of Section 5.2 can be changed to read:
>
>   DNAME resource records can be added, changed and removed.
>   Adding a DNAME RR removes all domain names that would appear
>   under the newly added DNAME RR.  The zone data that is
>   removed MAY still exist on the local server in some form
>   but MUST NOT be used as zone data when responding to queries
>   and MUST NOT be included in zone transfer operations.

Whether to remove or obscure, I am currently neutral.

Obscure is the de jure method for NS changes.  I don't know if it is 
in a specification, I know it is the way it has been implemented. 
I'm going to throw out a faded memory here, the reason for the choice 
was an implementation detail to handle the speed in which memory 
could be jostled when there were changes to zones (not a zone's data) 
on a server.  I think it just worked it's way into being a "given."

Although I have questioned Mark's statements about "we should 
obscure" I mean that to challenge the rationale and not the decision. 
Perhaps it is the right thing to do, but we shouldn't "have to do" it 
just because any one implementation (in this case BIND) has been 
doing it that way.  If there's a reason why we should choose 
removing, we can.

My objection to Mark's message was that the DNAMEbis document is 
consistent (minus the reference to NS processing being 'similar') 
with itself but is not consistent with the NS record semantics.  And 
that's okay I think, unless there's a stronger reason to use the same 
semantics (obscure) for DNAME.

>Then the following two paragraphs of Section 5.2.  Removed can be interpreted
>as obscured, deleted, copied to another file, or some other operation - it is
>up to the implementation.

Well, I don't think it's that simple.  One reason this is not just an 
implementation issue is, what if, an operator has a BIND and a NSD 
server as master and slave.  If one obscures and the other removes as 
a result of a dynamic update add of a DNAME, the two will fall out of 
sync if the DNAME is deleted (even under the same serial number).

I encourage the editors and chair to take the suggestion to open up a 
debate on obscure vs. remove semantics and see what the group thinks.
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
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> In which case the first paragraph of Section 5.2 can be changed to read:
> 
>    DNAME resource records can be added, changed and removed.
>    Adding a DNAME RR removes all domain names that would appear
>    under the newly added DNAME RR.  The zone data that is
>    removed MAY still exist on the local server in some form
>    but MUST NOT be used as zone data when responding to queries
>    and MUST NOT be included in zone transfer operations.
> 
> Then the following two paragraphs of Section 5.2.  Removed can be
> interpreted as obscured, deleted, copied to another file, or some other
> operation - it is up to the implementation.

i really think this is the wrong approach.  if you try to add a DNAME to
a name that has records or children, you should get a YXDOMAIN error.

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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
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>     Date:        Fri, 08 Feb 2008 14:47:29 +0000
>     From:        Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
>     Message-ID:  <2901.1202482049@sa.vix.com>
> 
>   | i can't think of any other way to signal this.
> 
> Huh?   What's difficult, you return the CNAME alone, RCODE==0
> just as if it were an out of zone cname.
> 
> If that comes from a non-recursive server, then just like any other
> incomplete answer from such a server, you make another query, this
> time using the canonical name, and you get the answer (data, no data,
> or NXDOMAIN as appropriate).
> 
> If the answer above is from a recursive server (RA==RD==1) then you
> know you have the complete answer, as much as you need anyway, the
> name queried exists, but the data you're looking for does not exist
> (there's no A, or MX or whatever).
> 
> That's all that's needed, there's no difference between that case,
> and the empty answer (plus SOA, not a referral, with NS records).
> There's no need to have a different kind of application error return
> for the case of a dangling CNAME, the data sought doesn't exist,
> that's the end of it.
> 
>   | "has data" won't do, as a standard.
> 
> No, that was shorthand typing...   I think you know what I meant (which
> there was just to point out that Mark's recursive vs non-recursive
> distinction for different answers being returned wasn't correct, that's
> not what would make the difference).

	Actually it was making the difference.  You only get to that
	part of the algorithm if you recursion was not requested
	or not available (See step 1).

	ra=0 or rd=0
	QNAME -> no-existant name in zone -> auth name error
	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name in zone -> no error
	QNAME -> CNAME -> name not in zone -> referral
	QNAME -> existant name in zone but no data -> no error
	QNAME -> CNAME -> existant name in zone but no data -> no error

	ra=1 and rd=1
	QNAME -> no-existant name in zone -> name error
	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name in zone -> name error
	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name on other server -> name error
 
	You will note that the following two answer are indistingishable.

	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name in zone -> no error
	QNAME -> CNAME -> existant name in zone but no data -> no error

	I don't think that was ever intended. 

>   | a recursive server has to follow out-of-zone cnames and thus,
>   | will keep searching until there is a definitive answer.
> 
> Of course.
> 
>   | an authority server does not have to follow out-of-zone cnames and
>   | so, can return a dangling cname chain (ANCOUNT>0) and no error (RCODE=0) 
>   | which is a partial, nondefinitive result.
> 
> Yes, of course.
> 
>   | if the cname is in-zone, an
>   | authority server will give a definitive result very much like the one above
> 
> That's what I don't think it should do, the name queried did exist, it
> should not be NXDOMAIN.
> 
>   | (which i now realize probably ought to include an SOA RR in its authority.)
> 
> Yeah - but that's hardly relevant just now...
> 
>   | that's what everybody does, and it's the only way that a recursive server
>   | who talks to that authority server is going to be able to build a
>   | complete CNAME chain when out-of-zone CNAMEs are allowed.
> 
> Really?   I sure must be missing some problem, as that just doesn't
> sound that difficult to me (more packets than we'd like to send perhaps,
> but dangling CNAMES also, one hopes, aren't a very common disease.)
> 
>   | when i put this question to PVM about ten years ago, he said "out-of-zone
>   | CNAME RRs were never part of my early thinking on DNS, so the spec is
>   | incomplete on that point" and "good luck storming the castle, boys!"
> 
> That's probably true, but it isn't out of zone CNAMEs that we're really
> discussing, what the auth server does there is pretty clear, and we agree
> on that I think, its in zone CNAMEs where we're disagreeing about what is
> the appropriate response.
> 
>   | you mean like this?
> 
> Yes, but that's boring, and isn't really adding everything, we all
> agree (I hope) that that response is correct,
> 
>   | how would an iterative resolver ever build a complete cname chain in that
>   | case, if out-of-zone CNAMEs are present?
> 
> I can't believe that you're asking for a lesson on pointer chasing, so
> I won't give one, but ***really***!
> 
>   | i think we have to make it clear
>   | that RFC 1035 did not know about out-of-zone CNAMEs and that when those are
>   | present we have to look at a larger picture than the definition of RCODE=3.
> 
> I think it would be OK to make that point somewhere (the first of your
> two points), but I'm also not sure it is relevant right now, as that's
> actually the easy case.
> 
> I kind of suspect that people have been hung up on the idea that if the
> canonical name doesn't exist, then its alias cannot exist.  To me that's
> just wrong, the alias exists, and no lookup of it should give name error.
> 
> I never really paid a lot of attention to all of the DNSSEC stuff about
> proof of non-existance, but I can't even imagine the convoluted chain of
> logic that would be needed to attempt to authoritatively claim that a
> "name error" is correct for a name that demonstratively exists (and for
> which, a different query - type=CNAME - would be required to say "does
> exist").   That would just be perverse.
> 
> kre
> 
> 
> --
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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 20:10:14 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis
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At 10:59 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	ra=1 and rd=1
...(for clarity, a server willing to do recursion and a query wanting it)

>	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name in zone -> name error
>	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name on other server -> name error

The latter two sound incorrect according to RFC 1035, section 4.1.1 ...

RCODE           3               Name Error - Meaningful only for
                                 responses from an authoritative name
                                 server, this code signifies that the
                                 domain name referenced in the query does
                                 not exist.

Even if the recursion is done by a server that is authoritative for 
the QNAME, the QNAME has to exist for it to have a CNAME.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
CC:  namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: AXFR over UDP is available
References: <a06240808c3d2514c502d@[10.31.65.205]>
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Edward Lewis wrote:

> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-lewis-axfr-over-udp-00.txt

I'm afraid you completely misunderstand the previous discussion.

First of all, you failed to convince us that changes to enable
AXFR over UDP is desirable. But, let's ignore it for the rest of
my message.

RFC1995 says:

   When an IXFR request with an older version number is received, the
   IXFR server needs to send only the differences required to make that
   version current.  Alternatively, the server may choose to transfer
   the entire zone just as in a normal full zone transfer.

As full zone (AXFR) over UDP is already available with IXFR, the only
thing we need to support AXFR over UDP is to disable differences (IXFR)
over UDP.

That is, an configuration option on IXFR servers to disable UDP
differential transfer and to encourage UDP full transfer is just
fine.

An IXFR server which is incapable of any differential transfer is
also fine.

IXFR clients, against zone administrators policy to allow differential
transfer, insisting on full transfer can ignore UDP differential
transfer responses and initiate TCP AXFR, which causes no extra packet
exchanges.

There is absolutely no protocol work left.

						Masataka Ohta


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 17:52:58 2008
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        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sat, 09 Feb 2008 03:14:36 +0700."
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>     Date:        Sat, 09 Feb 2008 00:14:34 +1100
>     From:        Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
>     Message-ID:  <200802081314.m18DEYoq023801@drugs.dv.isc.org>
> 
> 
>   | 	RFC 1034 allows a name error to be returned from a cache.
>   | 	RFC 2308 allows a authoritive name error to be returned
>   | 	from a cache.
>   | 	RFC 403[345] allow a name error to be cryptographically
>   | 	validiated in the response from a cache.
> 
> Yes, I know, as I said, the part about "only relevant in an auth
> answer" is not the way things work, that part was wrong.
> 
>   | 	In all case the name at the end of the CNAME chain is what
>   | 	is being referred to by the name error.
> 
> That part I think is a mistake, it is logically wrong.
> 
>   | 	Prior to RFC 2308 the cache had to make a new query each
>   | 	time you got to the end of the CNAME chain then "append"
>   | 	the result.
> 
> Yes.   That's what it needs to do if the data hasn't been included in
> the answer - that's clearly needed for an out of zone CNAME reply from
> a non-recursive server (there's no other way forward, whether or not
> the canonical name exists), doing the same thing for an apparently
> in-zone CNAME doesn't seem to be a great burden to me ("apparently"
> as there isn't any way to tell (without a bunch of extra queries) if
> the canonical name is in the same zone as the alias or not, so there
> cannot really be different behaviours.)

	Only if there is not a SOA add or a referral added or
	a NXDOMAIN rcode added.  The real problem is that there
	wasn't a NODATA rcode.  NODATA is inferred.

	It's a rare that none of these are done.

>  What's more, if the
> canonical name doesn't exist, then it is impossible to say that
> it would have been in the same zone had it existed, we cannot possibly
> know (we do sometimes know that it cannot have been in the same zone,
> but never that it must have been.)
> 
> What I'm trying to say, is that if you get a noerror and a cname, and
> no record of the type being queried, then you always MUST do another
> query.   By defining the rcode to relate to the end of the (included
> in the response, I assume) CNAME chain, all you're really doing is
> occasionally saving a query (in the comparatively unusual case of
> dangling CNAMEs).    I don't believe that's worth the inconsistency
> it generates.
>
>   |     The stub resolver was not expected to do
>   | 	this and no stub resolver, as far as I am aware, will issue
>   | 	a second query on a CNAME chain the terminates on with NoError.
> 
> No, and that's fine, its recursive server (since it returned an answer)
> has already done all the work - if there's no terminating type==A (or
> whatever the query type was) in the response, then it doesn't exist.
> 
>   | 	Also no stub resolver goes and follows the authority and
>   | 	additional sections to retrieve a NXDOMAIN response as you
>   | 	interpretation would require them to do
> 
> No I don't, why is a NXDOMAIN needed?   All it needs to know is that
> the data it sought doesn't exist.   When it fails to find that data
> in the response from its cache (back end resolver), it knows all it
> needs to know.
	
	If the stub resolver can't get this information then how is
	it to meet this requirement of RFC 1034?  Think MTA and MX
	query response.
 
5.2. Client-resolver interface

It is important to note that the functions for translating between host
names and addresses may combine the "name error" and "data not found"
error conditions into a single type of error return, but the general
function should not.  One reason for this is that applications may ask
first for one type of information about a name followed by a second
request to the same name for some other type of information; if the two
errors are combined, then useless queries may slow the application.

>   |     as it precludes a
>   | 	caching resolver *ever* returning NXDOMAIN whether proceeded
>   | 	by CNAMEs or not.
> 
> No, I agree that negative answers from caches are fine (and I said
> that last time...)
> 
>   | 	RFC 1034 and RFC 1035 have lots of errors in them.
> 
> Yes.   We are discussing an inconsistency between them, so clearly one
> of them is wrong.   The question is, which one?
> 
> It has been a long time since I read 2308, I will look at it again.
> 
> kre
> 
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 11:41:25 CDT."
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> At 19:18 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> >	* So that you can easily correct mistakes.
> 
> You can cover that via clever scripting.  Once I added 100's of names 
> incorrectly.  I just modified the "add" to "delete" in the script and 
> took them out.
> 
> But granted, easy to fix would be nice.  I question it is necessary.
> 
> >	* So you can build namespace before you remove a DNAME.
> 
> But, atomicity of dynamic updates can solve that.  "delete DNAME, add 
> these" can be in one step.

	Try changing > 64K of zone data atomically.
 
> >	We obscure as that matched NS and preserved the DNAME semantics.
> 
> So you are saying that you implemented DNAME much like (similar?) NS?
> 
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 11:23:43 CDT."
             <a06240801c3d231dff2c3@[10.31.65.205]> 
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> At 14:26 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> >	At the apex.  It's perfect fine to add and delete NS RRsets
> >	at the bottom of zone.  DNAME is always at bottom of zone
> >	even when it is at the apex.
> 
> Ergo, NS processing is not "similar" to DNAME, right?  DNAME can be 
> at the apex or not, there's no difference.

	There are NS records at the apex.  There are NS records
	that delegate.  The NS records that delegate are the one
	that obscure zone content.  These NS RRsets behave similarly
	to DNAME.  They are the only NS records which obscure data.
 
> >	Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
> >	then STOP and RESTART the server.
> 
> I don't know how to read that.  By the rules of DNAME, it isn't 
> allowed to "obscure" domain names.  So, no, you can't do that.
> 
> Should we want to?

	Yes.
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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 <47ACEF86.1050007@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 20:54:34 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: AXFR over UDP is available
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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At 9:10 +0900 2/9/08, Masataka Ohta wrote:
>Edward Lewis wrote:
>
>>  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-lewis-axfr-over-udp-00.txt
>
>I'm afraid you completely misunderstand the previous discussion.

No, but I clearly was judging the discussion through different eyes.

>First of all, you failed to convince us that changes to enable
>AXFR over UDP is desirable. But, let's ignore it for the rest of
>my message.

I wasn't trying to.  I wanted to get flesh out the protocol to see 
first if it is viable.  It's an engineering document, not a marketing 
one.

The initial discussion convinced me that it is worth proposing.  If 
the extension is viable, then a use case can be added.

The reason I went forward on "weak evidence" of demand is that I know 
that if there's AXFR over UDP in a separate document, it will get the 
traction of people  issuing RFPs for DNS and DNS-like service.  There 
is a tendency for folks to do a quick search of titles for 
capability, rarely/never have I seen any one go inside an RFC and 
profile a set of services.

>RFC1995 says:
>
>    When an IXFR request with an older version number is received, the
>    IXFR server needs to send only the differences required to make that
>    version current.  Alternatively, the server may choose to transfer
>    the entire zone just as in a normal full zone transfer.

The problem with the above is that it either means:
1) You have to go to TCP
2) You attempt to do the transfer over UDP - but fall into the 
problems of mis-ordered packets, etc. (which I disucss in one of the 
two drafts, I forget which already)

We'd have to clear that up in IXFR.

>As full zone (AXFR) over UDP is already available with IXFR, the only
>thing we need to support AXFR over UDP is to disable differences (IXFR)
>over UDP.
>
>That is, an configuration option on IXFR servers to disable UDP
>differential transfer and to encourage UDP full transfer is just
>fine.
>
>An IXFR server which is incapable of any differential transfer is
>also fine.
>
>IXFR clients, against zone administrators policy to allow differential
>transfer, insisting on full transfer can ignore UDP differential
>transfer responses and initiate TCP AXFR, which causes no extra packet
>exchanges.
>
>There is absolutely no protocol work left.

Except for what you prescribed in your message and clear up my note 
about the RFC 1995 passage.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 18:02:21 2008
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To: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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Subject: Re: AXFR over UDP is available 
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             <47ACEF86.1050007@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> 
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> There is absolutely no protocol work left.
> 
> 						Masataka Ohta

i agree.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 18:05:22 2008
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 11:41:25 CDT."
             <a06240803c3d235e6e448@[10.31.65.205]> 
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> At 19:18 +1100 2/8/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> >	* So that you can easily correct mistakes.
> 
> You can cover that via clever scripting.  Once I added 100's of names 
> incorrectly.  I just modified the "add" to "delete" in the script and 
> took them out.
> 
> But granted, easy to fix would be nice.  I question it is necessary.

	That's the whole point of obsuring the names and not deleting
	them.  You can turn a add into a delete and restore the zone
	state.

> >	* So you can build namespace before you remove a DNAME.
> 
> But, atomicity of dynamic updates can solve that.  "delete DNAME, add 
> these" can be in one step.
> 
> >	We obscure as that matched NS and preserved the DNAME semantics.
> 
> So you are saying that you implemented DNAME much like (similar?) NS?
> 
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
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-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 18:05:50 2008
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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 21:00:48 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>,
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At 12:50 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	Try changing > 64K of zone data atomically.

Yeah, it's a lot of work.  But computers are big these days and 
pretty good a tedious tasks.

In contexts that matter, resource limits are not tested.  What we're 
talking about is an extreme situation, a corner case.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
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             <18549.1202502396@sa.vix.com> 
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> ... if you try to add a DNAME to a name that has records or children, you
> should get a YXDOMAIN error.

likewise, if you try to load a zone that has any other records at a name
when there is a CNAME or DNAME at that name, or has any children under a
name that has a DNAME or NS, the zone should be rejected.

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Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 21:05:36 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
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At 12:54 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	Yes.

Why?

What's missing from your answer is a justification.

As it stands now, the WG document says "can't be done."  If you want 
to get consensus for what you want, you need to do some explaining.

-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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 <a0624080fc3d2ba3f11ef@[10.31.65.205]>
Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2008 21:08:55 -0500
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
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At 21:05 -0500 2/8/08, Edward Lewis wrote:
>At 12:54 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
>
>>	Yes.
>
>Why?

Okay, in our passing messages it struck me that the reason is for 
"recovering from mistakes."

Is that all?
-- 
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Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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To: Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 14:28:36 CDT."
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> Edward Lewis wrote:
> > 
> >>     Because you can't ADD a DNAME which obscures some record
> >>     then STOP and RESTART the server.
> > 
> > I don't know how to read that.  By the rules of DNAME, it isn't allowed 
> > to "obscure" domain names.  So, no, you can't do that.
> > 
> > Should we want to?
> 
> So when it comes to names under a DNAME - obscure/delete/remove all 
> basically mean the same thing (in the protocol) and the only difference 
> is in bookkeeping on the server side as to what to do with the actual 
> RRs.  Is that the point?
> 
> In which case the first paragraph of Section 5.2 can be changed to read:
> 
>    DNAME resource records can be added, changed and removed.
>    Adding a DNAME RR removes all domain names that would appear
>    under the newly added DNAME RR.  The zone data that is
>    removed MAY still exist on the local server in some form
>    but MUST NOT be used as zone data when responding to queries

	Yes

>    and MUST NOT be included in zone transfer operations.

	No.
 
> Then the following two paragraphs of Section 5.2.  Removed can be 
> interpreted as obscured, deleted, copied to another file, or some other 
> operation - it is up to the implementation.
> 
> -- 
> ----------------------------------------
> Scott Rose            Computer Scientist
> NIST
> ph: +1 301-975-8439
> scott.rose@nist.gov
> 
> http://www-x.antd.nist.gov/dnssec
> http://www.dnsops.gov/
> -----------------------------------------
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 20:01:59 2008
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 20:10:14 CDT."
             <a0624080ac3d2acb5e5aa@[10.31.65.205]> 
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> At 10:59 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> >	ra=1 and rd=1
> ...(for clarity, a server willing to do recursion and a query wanting it)
> 
> >	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name in zone -> name error
> >	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name on other server -> name error
> 
> The latter two sound incorrect according to RFC 1035, section 4.1.1 ...
> 
> RCODE           3               Name Error - Meaningful only for
>                                  responses from an authoritative name
>                                  server, this code signifies that the
>                                  domain name referenced in the query does
>                                  not exist.
> 
> Even if the recursion is done by a server that is authoritative for 
> the QNAME, the QNAME has to exist for it to have a CNAME.

	Yet if you read RFC 1034 they are correct.

	There are inconstancies and errors all through RFC 1034 and
	RFC 1035.

> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 20:02:00 2008
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 08 Feb 2008 21:08:55 CDT."
             <a06240810c3d2bb645692@[10.31.65.205]> 
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> At 21:05 -0500 2/8/08, Edward Lewis wrote:
> >At 12:54 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> >
> >>	Yes.
> >
> >Why?
> 
> Okay, in our passing messages it struck me that the reason is for 
> "recovering from mistakes."
> 
> Is that all?

	Errors. Consistancy.  Atomic change.
	
	
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 21:02:41 2008
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-07.txt: 2.1.1 Header Values
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Note 2.1.1.a Set to any value that the client desires.  There
is no specific means for selecting the value in this field.  However,
consideration can be given to making it harder for forged messages to be
accepted by referencing the work in progress "Measures for making DNS
more resilient against forged answers" [FORGERY].

	ID MUST differ from any un-answered query previously
	issued on the TCP connection.

	[FORGERY] is really not applicable here.   Sequentual
	ID's are prefectly reasonable on a TCP connection.
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE:	+61 2 9871 4742		         INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb  8 21:16:46 2008
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-07.txt: 2.2 AXFR response
Date: Sat, 09 Feb 2008 16:08:57 +1100
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An AXFR client MUST be able to react to no AXFR response Messages from
the server. An AXFR server MAY elect to silently discard the AXFR
query but this is only RECOMMENDED if the server has reasons to deduce
that the query was sent maliciously.

	So a client in expected to detect when the server has silently
	discarded a messages?  How is it supposed to detect this?
	Wait 1 minute, 10, 60, a day, a week, a month, a year.

	A server MUST respond to a request over TCP.  There is no
	retry with TCP.  A client can potentially wait indefinately
	for a response.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE:	+61 2 9871 4742		         INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-07.txt: 2.1.1 Header Values 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sat, 09 Feb 2008 15:53:56 +1100."
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> 
> Note 2.1.1.a Set to any value that the client desires.  There
> is no specific means for selecting the value in this field.  However,
> consideration can be given to making it harder for forged messages to be
> accepted by referencing the work in progress "Measures for making DNS
> more resilient against forged answers" [FORGERY].
> 
> 	ID MUST differ from any un-answered query previously
> 	issued on the TCP connection.

	s/un-answered/outstanding/
 
> 	[FORGERY] is really not applicable here.   Sequentual
> 	ID's are prefectly reasonable on a TCP connection.
> -- 
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE:	+61 2 9871 4742		         INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Feb  9 04:55:46 2008
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From: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
CC:  namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: AXFR over UDP is available
References: <a06240808c3d2514c502d@[10.31.65.205]> <47ACEF86.1050007@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> <a0624080dc3d2b5dc0ab3@[10.31.65.205]>
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Edward Lewis wrote:

>> First of all, you failed to convince us that changes to enable
>> AXFR over UDP is desirable. But, let's ignore it for the rest of
>> my message.

> I wasn't trying to.

That's your fault.

> 2) You attempt to do the transfer over UDP - but fall into the problems 
> of mis-ordered packets, etc. (which I disucss in one of the two drafts, 
> I forget which already)

You, merely confusingly, mentioned that UDP reply should be one
message (though RFC1035, further, remotely restrict the message
contained in one packet), while RFC1995 clearly restrict reply
one packet (which could be fragmented into multiple packets without
causing misorderging):

   Transport of a query may be by either UDP or TCP.  If an IXFR query
   is via UDP, the IXFR server may attempt to reply using UDP if the
   entire response can be contained in a single DNS packet.

--
Masataka Ohta


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Feb  9 07:03:24 2008
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Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2008 09:43:00 -0500
To: Masataka Ohta <mohta@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: AXFR over UDP is available
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 21:05 +0900 2/9/08, Masataka Ohta wrote:

>You, merely confusingly, mentioned that UDP reply should be one
>message (though RFC1035, further, remotely restrict the message
>contained in one packet), while RFC1995 clearly restrict reply
>one packet (which could be fragmented into multiple packets without
>causing misorderging):

What do you mean by "merely confusingly?"  Is there something unclear 
in my draft?

>    Transport of a query may be by either UDP or TCP.  If an IXFR query
>    is via UDP, the IXFR server may attempt to reply using UDP if the
>    entire response can be contained in a single DNS packet.

If that's the case, okay.  I didn't have time to read RFC1995 to find that.

In IXFR, can the client 'force' a full zone transfer?
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Feb  9 07:06:56 2008
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Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2008 09:58:31 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 14:57 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	Errors. Consistancy.  Atomic change.

Up until last night I was inclined to prefer "obscuring" to "preventing."

By obscuring, I mean the addition of the DNAME hides the other names 
but they stay in the zone's memory.

By preventing, I mean that the attempt to add the DNAME is rebuffed 
if there are names that would be obscured.

The reason is that 'obscuring' is an implicit, unstated action taken 
as the result of another.  Just like the third semantic possible here 
(the addition causes the implicit loss of the would be obscured 
names), there is an unintended consequence.

The "error" we are talking about here is merely the mistaken addition 
of a DNAME at the wrong owner name or mistaken in the sense that the 
operator forget there was a name somewhere.  In this case, obscuring 
is better than removing.

But prevention is even better.  If the operator tries to add the 
record and gets an error, the mistake is caught in live time, 
obvious, concrete.

(Note that the writing sounds like dynamic update, but this goes for 
zone load too.)

When it comes to to consistency, again I think that obscuring is the 
wrong choice, as in the question in a previous message.  Are the 
obscured in the zone transfer?  If they are, it's pretty much a 
waste, isn't it?  I really think we want to avoid allowing for (more) 
obscured elements in the DNS.

Atomic change.  I don't understand how that relates.  I'd guess 
though that any action that has an intentional unintended side effect 
would be detrimental to atomicity because of the potential shear 
volume of actions that might ensue.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Feb  9 07:17:59 2008
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Subject: Re: AXFR over UDP is available
References: <a06240808c3d2514c502d@[10.31.65.205]> <47ACEF86.1050007@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> <a0624080dc3d2b5dc0ab3@[10.31.65.205]> <47AD971C.1060900@necom830.hpcl.titech.ac.jp> <a06240812c3d36af5f36d@[10.31.65.205]>
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Edward Lewis wrote:

> I didn't have time to read RFC1995 to find that.

Again, that's your fault.

					Masataka Ohta


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 11:32:57 2008
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
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    Date:        Sat, 09 Feb 2008 10:59:42 +1100
    From:        Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
    Message-ID:  <200802082359.m18NxgvG065654@drugs.dv.isc.org>

  | 	Actually it was making the difference.  You only get to that
  | 	part of the algorithm if you recursion was not requested
  | 	or not available (See step 1).

I think some of the problem that we're having is that you're slavishly
following the precise words of 1034, despite (many times) also saying ...

	There are inconstancies and errors all through RFC 1034 and
	RFC 1035.

(this particular instance from a reply to Ed Lewis, Sat, 09 Feb 2008
14:52:01 +1100).

That just makes no sense, if they're full of errors (and they are)
then what we need to do is look and see what should be correct, and
then ignore the parts of 1034 (& 1035) which contradict that - those
being the parts we decide are the errors.   Otherwise we have known
inconsistencies, but no method to use to determine what the correct
position should be.

The results you quote are correct if you follow the algorithms in
1034 4.3.2 and 5.3.3 (and if you make some inferences about what
5.3.3 actually says, since it never actually explicitly says what
you believe it does, though I can see you could read it that way).

But as you've pointed out, this doesn't make sense - I think in
one earlier message you even proposed making a CNAME to a non-existing 
canonical name be illegal, to avoid the issue.

But the simpler solution is just to make step 4a of 5.3.3 clearer,
to indicate (as is done in the 4.3.2 algorithm) that you only return
Name Error (or for that matter, any other error) if there was no CNAME
encountered before finding the error.

  | 	You will note that the following two answer are indistingishable.
  | 
  | 	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name in zone -> no error
  | 	QNAME -> CNAME -> existant name in zone but no data -> no error
  | 
  | 	I don't think that was ever intended. 

Intended?  Who knows?   But reasonable?  Why not?   Two things are
of interest here  -  does the data sought exist (no, in both cases),
and does the name used for the lookup exist (yes, in both cases), so
why would anyone care more than that (and if anyone really does care
more, they go get auth answers from auth servers for everything they
need to know, and find out that way - but that's not anything a normal
name resolution would need to do.)


And to avoid cluttering up everyone's mailbox with multiple replies,
the following relates to a different message from you ...

    From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
    Date: Sat, 09 Feb 2008 12:46:41 +1100
    Message-id: <200802090146.m191kfag003878@drugs.dv.isc.org>

Quoting me initially ...

    > as there isn't any way to tell (without a bunch of extra queries) if
    > the canonical name is in the same zone as the alias or not, so there
    > cannot really be different behaviours.)

Then ...

    |	Only if there is not a SOA add or a referral added or
    |	a NXDOMAIN rcode added.  The real problem is that there
    |	wasn't a NODATA rcode.  NODATA is inferred.

    |	It's a rare that none of these are done.

I don't agree with the real problem, rcode itself is a problem, a
better solution would have been a synthesised type=ERROR RR response,
where the RDATA contains the error indication (what caused the error,
the TYPE it refers to (including ANY), ...)    But none of that is
really useful now, as that isn't what happened.

In the case we're talking about, I still don't believe the NXDOMAIN
should ever appear, a SOA wouldn't really help, as that might be for
the zone of the QNAME, rather than the canonical name - a referral
would indicate that there was another zone involved.

I'm not sure that discussion of this is getting us any closer to any
kind of solution to the real issue however.

From the same message...

    |	If the stub resolver can't get this information then how is
    |	it to meet this requirement of RFC 1034?  Think MTA and MX
    |	query response.

It doesn't.   Big deal.    That's what I was referring to in a reply a
day or two ago to Paul - sure, sometimes there will be an extra query,
but it should be rare, after all, dangling cnames shouldn't be a very
common thing.

In the normal (common case - the MX lookup, no data, A lookup sequence,
which was very common in the timeframe of 1034, as MX was still somewhat
rare) situation it makes very good sense to be able to avoid the A
lookup when the qname doesn't exist - but the qname being an alias,
and the canonical name not existing is not something we really should be
optimising for.

There are three arguments for accepting the 1035 definition of
Name Error to what you're inferring from 1034 (and which you copied into
2308 I see)  (This is, aside from the "Auth server only" part)

First, 1034 is half in accordance with the 1035 definition (and the part that
isn't, isn't all that clear).

Second, 1035 is the DNS specification, 1034 is just a "how to do it"
(concepts and facilities...) and in general, one would expect the
specification to be more accurate than a "how to" derived from it.

Third, if you delete the part from 1035 about Name Error referring to
the name in the query, then 1035 would be left with no definition of
Name Error at all (there's nothing else there) - nor does anything else
define it, which to me is a pretty strong reason to keep it.

Lastly, there's just plain "what should it be", that is, what makes most
sense, and to me, that's for Name Error to indicate to the client
"the name you gave me is incorrect, the DNS says it does not exist",
rather than: "(the same) or there's some internal configuration error in
the DNS so we can't find the answer for you, even though the name you
searched for does in fact exist".

Keep Name Error to mean a client generated error, and let DNS administrator
mistakes be handled in other ways.

To finish, a question:  Are you special casing Name Error the way you're
claiming it should work, or do you believe that all errors should be
handled the same way (server failure and refused - I doubt format
error and not implemented can ever be an issue)?

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 11:34:19 2008
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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
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	Name Error - indicates that query processing terminated
	at a non-existant name.

	This covers answers from a cache.
	This covers answers to CNAME and ANY queries.
	This covers answers from an athoratiative server.

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 11:34:32 2008
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sat, 09 Feb 2008 09:58:31 CDT."
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> When it comes to to consistency, again I think that obscuring is the 
> wrong choice, as in the question in a previous message.  Are the 
> obscured in the zone transfer?  If they are, it's pretty much a 
> waste, isn't it?  I really think we want to avoid allowing for (more) 
> obscured elements in the DNS.

	No they are NOT obscured in zone transfer.  Records obscured
	by NS cuts are NOT obscured by a zone transfer either.

	NS and DNAME records are both forms of delegation.  NS to
	a different zone, DNAME to a different namespace.  NS and
	DNAME will both obscure and reveal record by there addition
	/ removal.  The obscured records are both transmitted in 
	AXFR / IXFR.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 11:34:59 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 10 Feb 2008 05:24:22 +0700."
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> 
>   | 	You will note that the following two answer are indistingishable.
>   | 
>   | 	QNAME -> CNAME -> non-existant name in zone -> no error
>   | 	QNAME -> CNAME -> existant name in zone but no data -> no error
>   | 
>   | 	I don't think that was ever intended. 
> 
> Intended?  Who knows?   But reasonable?  Why not?   Two things are
> of interest here  -  does the data sought exist (no, in both cases),
> and does the name used for the lookup exist (yes, in both cases), so
> why would anyone care more than that (and if anyone really does care
> more, they go get auth answers from auth servers for everything they
> need to know, and find out that way - but that's not anything a normal
> name resolution would need to do.)

	For you there are two things of interest.  For me there are
	four things of interest.  Is the original name a alias or
	not, does the resulting name exist or not, if the name exists
	is there data there or not, is the query complete.

	A recursive server delivers all of these.   You get
	NOERROR, NXDOMAIN or YXDOMAIN is the query is complete.
	You get SERVFAIL if the query does not complete.
	You get any CNAMEs/DNAMEs and you get the data or not.

	An athoritative server can deliver these as well.

	If the SOA record is added to NODATA and NXDOMAIN respones
	a authoritative server also delivers all of these.

	no error + SOA -> NODATA regardless of the number of
	preceeding CNAME / DNAME records.

	NXDOMAIN, with or without a SOA, inidicates that processing
	ended in a non-existant name independent of the number of
	CNAME / DNAME records

	It's only when you have "no error and CNAME and no SOA" you
	step into ambiguity.  Some of that can be resolved by seeing
	if there is a referral.  The remaining ambiguity could have
	been (and should have been) address by a "type error" rcode
	or by not making adding of the SOA record optional.

	Note we have a "type error" rcode these days, NXRRSET.

	Your wanting the NXDOMAIN response to mean "The orginal QNAME
	does not exist" does not work with recursive servers.  It
	also introduces additional ambiguity.

	Yes we have to live with some ambiguity as there are old
	servers out there, we don't have to perpetuate that
	ambiguity.

	You also state that CNAME to non-existant is rare.  This
	is currently true in the forward namespace though is becoming
	less so as DNAME if find more use, it is a lot less true
	under ARPA.  RFC 2317 for IN-ADDR.ARPA and DNAME for IP6.ARPA
	fairly often result to CNAME to non-existant.

	Mark
	

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 11:37:04 2008
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From: Robert Elz <kre@munnari.OZ.AU>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
cc: Paul Vixie <Paul_Vixie@isc.org>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-Reply-To: <200802092343.m19NhEUg023878@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
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    Date:        Sun, 10 Feb 2008 10:43:14 +1100
    From:        Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
    Message-ID:  <200802092343.m19NhEUg023878@drugs.dv.isc.org>

  | 	Name Error - indicates that query processing terminated
  | 	at a non-existant name.

But that is definitely not what 1035 says, nor is it what the
algorithm for auth servers in 1034 says (which agrees exactly with 1035),
only (perhaps) the algorithm for caches (resolvers) in 1034.

I can think of no good reason why it should be that way.

You also didn't answer the question about the other error codes
in the presence of CNAMEs.

kre


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 13:27:44 2008
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Date: Sun, 10 Feb 2008 22:18:18 +0100
From: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: ANY queries in ns resolution: ADDR pseudo-rrtype for IPv4 and IPv6 operation
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Hi everybody,

I'm having some fun seeing how much of the internet I can resolve on IPv6
only. Since both the root-servers and the .nl servers are now reachable over
IPv6, this set is not entirely empty.

In fact, there is one host that can ONLY be resolved over IPv6:
www.nl.ipv6.net.        172800  IN      AAAA    2001:888:1037::8080
although it may require some IPv4 in between.

When fixing the issues this and other domains exposed in PowerDNS, I decided
to do something different. When trying to find nameserver addresses, I now
internally use an 'ADDR' query, which gets translated into an ANY query.

The answers that come in are then filtered to only contain A and AAAA
records. The internal cache also supports ADDR queries as 'A|AAAA'.

Now, from my limited testing, this appear to work! That is, the ANY query
does not appear to be any less functional than an A query.

It is well known that 'rd' ANY queries are useless (or at best a debugging
aid), but non-rd ANY queries appear to do the job.

I only turn on the AAAA queries for users that have explicitly chosen they
want to use outgoing IPv6 queries for their resolution needs, so the
immediate impact on PowerDNS operators would be limited.

But still, I wonder if what I'm doing is technically legal, or conversely,
if there are standards complying ways for this not to work.

http://ds9a.nl/tmp/nl-ipv6-resolve shows a trace using the 'ADDR'
pseudo-query, or download
http://svn.powerdns.com/snapshots/pdns-recursor-3.1.5-snapshot4.tar.bz2
(do read the README to compile)

And execute:
$ ./pdns_recursor --local-port=5300 --daemon=no --socket-dir=./ --daemon=no
  --trace --hint-file=named.root --query-local-address6=::

For the largest amount of fun, remove all A records from the named.root

And please let me know if you think this can never work, or if you think it
should work, but won't.

	Bert

-- 
http://www.PowerDNS.com      Open source, database driven DNS Software 
http://netherlabs.nl              Open and Closed source services

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 14:21:38 2008
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To: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: ANY queries in ns resolution: ADDR pseudo-rrtype for IPv4 and IPv6 operation 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 10 Feb 2008 22:18:18 BST."
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	Just somethings to be aware of.

	A ANY response can be >= 64K whereas the individual A and
	AAAA queries are each less than 64K.

	A ANY query is much more likely to trigger TCP fallback.

	A ANY query will not trigger code paths which moves glue
	which matches the query to the start of the additional
	section.

	Mark
-- 
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PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 14:51:13 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt: CNAME synthesis 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 10 Feb 2008 12:39:55 +1100."
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> 	You also state that CNAME to non-existant is rare.  This
> 	is currently true in the forward namespace though is becoming
> 	less so as DNAME if find more use, it is a lot less true
> 	under ARPA.  RFC 2317 for IN-ADDR.ARPA and DNAME for IP6.ARPA
> 	fairly often result to CNAME to non-existant.

	QUERY(AAAA) -> CNAME -> NODATA is quite common in the forward tree.

	www.<something> CNAME <something>
	<something> A 1.2.3.4
 
	This is one of the alternate sources of ambiguity if the
	SOA is not added.  The other is where a referral to the
	root is required and the authoritative server does not have
	the information.

	Mark
-- 
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1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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cc: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: ANY queries in ns resolution: ADDR pseudo-rrtype for IPv4 and IPv6 operation 
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             <200802102217.m1AMHQM8060394@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
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is it too late to say that appropriate additional data for an AAAA response
includes A, and that appropriate additional data for an A response include
AAAA?

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 16:00:40 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: ANY queries in ns resolution: ADDR pseudo-rrtype for IPv4 and IPv6 operation 
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> is it too late to say that appropriate additional data for an AAAA response
> includes A, and that appropriate additional data for an A response include
> AAAA?

	It's never too late.  You just can't depend on it.

	What is really wanted is one query.  AAAA can carry A.  Just
	make the nameservers/signers etc map A's into AAAA.  Set a
	end-of-transition date and after that date never make A
	queries again, FORMERR them.

	Actually we need a extend version of AAAA which carries zone
	information.  The global zone is ".".  Sites and links get to
	choose the zone name using names already allocated to them.

	e.g.

        drugs.dv.isc.org. <TBA> fe80::214:22ff:fed9:fbdc link1.dv.isc.org.
        drugs.dv.isc.org. <TBA> fd92:7065:b8e:0:214:22ff:fed9:fbdc dv.isc.org.
        drugs.dv.isc.org. <TBA> 2001:470:1f00:820:214:22ff:fed9:fbdc .
        drugs.dv.isc.org. <TBA> ::ffff:192.168.191.236 dv.isc.org.

	getaddrinfo() would be configured to know that link1.dv.isc.org
	is scopeid 1 via DHCP or manually or a RA and that dv.isc.org
	is local, again via DHCP or manually or a RA and would filter
	by default.

	Mark
-- 
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1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 10 23:17:16 2008
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From: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
To: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
Cc: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: ANY queries in ns resolution: ADDR pseudo-rrtype for IPv4 and IPv6 operation
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On Sun, Feb 10, 2008 at 10:48:37PM +0000, Paul Vixie wrote:
> is it too late to say that appropriate additional data for an AAAA response
> includes A, and that appropriate additional data for an A response include
> AAAA?

That was our previous mode of operation ('hope') but it did not get very far
on the internet.

	Bert

-- 
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http://netherlabs.nl              Open and Closed source services

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 11 08:23:31 2008
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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Edward Lewis wrote:
| At 14:57 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
|
|>     Errors. Consistancy.  Atomic change.
|

| But prevention is even better.  If the operator tries to add the record
| and gets an error, the mistake is caught in live time, obvious, concrete.

I think preventing, as in return rcode YXDOMAIN(or another one) when
trying to add a DNAME that obscures/stands over lower domain names is
better. These are no unintended consequences to the operator's actions.
It is a simple concept, and (I believe) implementation as well.

I do not know how it stands to current implementations (well, BIND seems
to do obscuring).

NSD, refuses to load *files* with DNAMEs that obscure content.
But accepts zone *transfers*, and could possibly act pretty strange with
such a transfer (answering queries for obscured data, but using the
DNAME to synthesize for nxdomains; and after a restart refusing to
reload the zone file).

The problem of trying to DNAME a huge zone, I think is something where
you need to use an AXFR or IXFR for that update. Any very large update
for a very large zone will be > 64 kb in any case.

Best regards,
~   Wouter

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 11 08:40:01 2008
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Robert Elz wrote:
|     From:        Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
|   | 	Name Error - indicates that query processing terminated
|   | 	at a non-existant name.
|
| But that is definitely not what 1035 says, nor is it what the
| algorithm for auth servers in 1034 says (which agrees exactly with 1035),
| only (perhaps) the algorithm for caches (resolvers) in 1034.
|
| I can think of no good reason why it should be that way.

It seems to me that the definition of NXDOMAIN is in error, and could be
expanded to include not only that the query name does not exist, but 'a
nonexistant domain was encountered during the processing of the query'.

That could be what Mark means with 'inconsistencies and errors in 1034'.

| You also didn't answer the question about the other error codes
| in the presence of CNAMEs.

They mean the same as for non-CNAMEs, processing errors occurred.

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 11 14:02:07 2008
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To: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 11 Feb 2008 17:09:14 BST."
             <47B0732A.3030305@nlnetlabs.nl> 
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> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Edward Lewis wrote:
> | At 14:57 +1100 2/9/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> |
> |>     Errors. Consistancy.  Atomic change.
> |
> 
> | But prevention is even better.  If the operator tries to add the record
> | and gets an error, the mistake is caught in live time, obvious, concrete.
> 
> I think preventing, as in return rcode YXDOMAIN(or another one) when
> trying to add a DNAME that obscures/stands over lower domain names is
> better. These are no unintended consequences to the operator's actions.
> It is a simple concept, and (I believe) implementation as well.

	YXDOMAIN becomes overloaded.   Is it the prerequisite or
	is it the update section that failed?  YXDOMAIN is not
	an appropriate rcode.
 
	Mark
-- 
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1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 11 15:00:55 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>,
    Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 12 Feb 2008 08:47:22 +1100."
             <200802112147.m1BLlM4i027968@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
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> > I think preventing, as in return rcode YXDOMAIN(or another one) when
> > trying to add a DNAME that obscures/stands over lower domain names is
> > better. These are no unintended consequences to the operator's actions.
> > It is a simple concept, and (I believe) implementation as well.
> 
> 	YXDOMAIN becomes overloaded.   Is it the prerequisite or
> 	is it the update section that failed?  YXDOMAIN is not
> 	an appropriate rcode.

damn.  that's right.  the update section succeeds or fails silently -- all
zone content related errors have to be the result of failed prerequisites.
adding a DNAME to an existing name (one which has children or records) would
fail silently under this proposal.

so, we'd have to express this as a "name does not exist" assertion, which
would only hold true if the prospective DNAME owner has no children and no
records.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 11 15:26:22 2008
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        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 11 Feb 2008 22:54:26 -0000."
             <2149.1202770466@sa.vix.com> 
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> > > I think preventing, as in return rcode YXDOMAIN(or another one) when
> > > trying to add a DNAME that obscures/stands over lower domain names is
> > > better. These are no unintended consequences to the operator's actions.
> > > It is a simple concept, and (I believe) implementation as well.
> > 
> > 	YXDOMAIN becomes overloaded.   Is it the prerequisite or
> > 	is it the update section that failed?  YXDOMAIN is not
> > 	an appropriate rcode.
> 
> damn.  that's right.  the update section succeeds or fails silently -- all
> zone content related errors have to be the result of failed prerequisites.
> adding a DNAME to an existing name (one which has children or records) would
> fail silently under this proposal.
> 
> so, we'd have to express this as a "name does not exist" assertion, which
> would only hold true if the prospective DNAME owner has no children and no
> records.

No.

That would change it from "DNAME does not exist" to "DNAME could
exist".  Also is that before or after the UPDATE section is processed?
Delete all at node, add DNAME at node.

Do you want to change "NS does not exist" to "NS could exist"?  The
later would require walking the sub tree looking for non-glue.

DNAME has basically the same probles as NS when it comes to adding
one to a zone.  The same solutions are equally applicable.

Consistancy is important.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 11 15:52:25 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>,
    Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 12 Feb 2008 10:16:19 +1100."
             <200802112316.m1BNGJqR067419@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
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> > so, we'd have to express this as a "name does not exist" assertion, which
> > would only hold true if the prospective DNAME owner has no children and no
> > records.
> 
> No.

well, you're right, but not for the reason you gave.

> That would change it from "DNAME does not exist" to "DNAME could exist".

that's not the problem.  the problem is that there is no assertion that does
what we want.  RFC2136 2.4.5 says:

   2.4.5 - Name Is Not In Use

   Name is not in use.  No RR of any type is owned by a specified NAME.
   Note that this prerequisite IS satisfied by empty nonterminals.

   For this prerequisite, a requestor adds to the section a single RR
   whose NAME is equal to that of the name whose nonownership of any RRs
   is required.  RDLENGTH is zero and RDATA is therefore empty.  CLASS
   must be specified as NONE.  TYPE must be specified as ANY.  TTL must
   be specified as zero (0).

the "is satisfied by empty nonterminals" mystifies me, but it means this
is not the same as "DNAME can be added".  

> Also is that before or after the UPDATE section is processed?

in [ibid] we see:

   2.4 - Prerequisite Section

   This section contains a set of RRset prerequisites which must be
   satisfied at the time the UPDATE packet is received by the primary
   master server.   [...]

> Delete all at node, add DNAME at node.

that won't do.  a DNAME can't be meaningfully added if there are children,
so, the empty nonterminal case has to be sorted.

> Do you want to change "NS does not exist" to "NS could exist"?  The
> later would require walking the sub tree looking for non-glue.

yes, i want that also.  but we're talking about DNAME at the moment.

> DNAME has basically the same probles as NS when it comes to adding
> one to a zone.  The same solutions are equally applicable.
> 
> Consistancy is important.

in that case we should fix the NS case also.  a new UPDATE prerequisite
that said "no records no children" would do it.

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Cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>,
        Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 11 Feb 2008 23:47:23 -0000."
             <4025.1202773643@sa.vix.com> 
Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2008 11:23:12 +1100
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> > > so, we'd have to express this as a "name does not exist" assertion, which
> > > would only hold true if the prospective DNAME owner has no children and no
> > > records.
> > 
> > No.
> 
> well, you're right, but not for the reason you gave.
> 
> > That would change it from "DNAME does not exist" to "DNAME could exist".
> 
> that's not the problem.  the problem is that there is no assertion that does
> what we want.  RFC2136 2.4.5 says:
> 
>    2.4.5 - Name Is Not In Use
> 
>    Name is not in use.  No RR of any type is owned by a specified NAME.
>    Note that this prerequisite IS satisfied by empty nonterminals.
> 
>    For this prerequisite, a requestor adds to the section a single RR
>    whose NAME is equal to that of the name whose nonownership of any RRs
>    is required.  RDLENGTH is zero and RDATA is therefore empty.  CLASS
>    must be specified as NONE.  TYPE must be specified as ANY.  TTL must
>    be specified as zero (0).
> 
> the "is satisfied by empty nonterminals" mystifies me, but it means this
> is not the same as "DNAME can be added".  
> 
> > Also is that before or after the UPDATE section is processed?
> 
> in [ibid] we see:
> 
>    2.4 - Prerequisite Section
> 
>    This section contains a set of RRset prerequisites which must be
>    satisfied at the time the UPDATE packet is received by the primary
>    master server.   [...]

	I know when the prerequite have to be tested.  All the other
	UPDATE changes are tested as the UPDATE record is processed.

	What do we do if the pre-requisite succeeds.  A record is
	added below then a DNAME is added?  What do we do if the
	DNAME is then removed in the same update?
 
> > Delete all at node, add DNAME at node.
> 
> that won't do.  a DNAME can't be meaningfully added if there are children,
> so, the empty nonterminal case has to be sorted.

	I got the example wrong.  The point is however by the time
	the DNAME addition is processed the condition have potentially
	changed.
 
> > Do you want to change "NS does not exist" to "NS could exist"?  The
> > later would require walking the sub tree looking for non-glue.
> 
> yes, i want that also.  but we're talking about DNAME at the moment.
> 
> > DNAME has basically the same probles as NS when it comes to adding
> > one to a zone.  The same solutions are equally applicable.
> > 
> > Consistancy is important.
> 
> in that case we should fix the NS case also.  a new UPDATE prerequisite
> that said "no records no children" would do it.

	You need three tests.

	No children. DNAME
	No children but glue. NS
	No child records at node. NS

	If you are converting a zone from a copy to a DNAME you
	want the DNAME to go in first then the records that are
	obscured to be deleted.  This removes the NXDOMAIN race.
	Note you can't always delete all the obscured records in a
	single update.

	There are lots of place where the DNS RFC's assume that
	large changes can happen atomically *and* in small amounts
	of time.

	e.g.
	     Converting a unsigned zone to a signed zone and still
	being able to processes multiple updates per minute.

	UPDATE just can't deliver "large and atomic".  At some point
	changes need to be made so that it can.  Obscuring/revealing
	the content on DNAME allows for "large and atomic" in both
	directions.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 11 17:46:32 2008
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: ANY queries in ns resolution: ADDR pseudo-rrtype for IPv4 and IPv6 operation
References: <200802102217.m1AMHQM8060394@drugs.dv.isc.org>
	<48115.1202683717@sa.vix.com> <footgg$887$1@sf1.isc.org>
From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
Date: 11 Feb 2008 13:25:07 +0000
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> > is it too late to say that appropriate additional data for an AAAA
> > response includes A, and that appropriate additional data for an A
> > response include AAAA?
> 
> That was our previous mode of operation ('hope') but it did not get very
> far on the internet.

hope, plus three dollars and a quarter, gets you a starbucks latte.  but
rough consensus and running code, well, now that's another matter entirely.

as server implementors, we could just start including AAAA RRs in the
additional data section when answering with A RRs, and including A RRs in
the additional data section when answering with AAAA RRs.  more or less
like what we do with NS and MX.  i suggested this, half heartedly, when RFC
1886 was in production, but i was new to the IETF and i didn't know that i
had to say it louder if i wanted the idea to be considered.  but if a bunch
of us just started *doing* it, it would not be a protocol violation nor
create interoperability problems, and if it works well, we can always write
a BCP about it.

here's the one line change it took to get this working in my private label
non-BIND recursive nameserver:

	Index: dns_request.c
	===================================================================
	RCS file: /home/vixie/src/cvsroot/base/robodns/dns_request.c,v
	retrieving revision 1.72
	diff -u -r1.72 dns_request.c
	--- dns_request.c       21 Jun 2007 14:17:17 -0000      1.72
	+++ dns_request.c       11 Feb 2008 13:19:43 -0000
	@@ -1143,6 +1143,8 @@
	        }
	        dns_rrset_lastrdata(&rdi);
	        dns_rrset_lrumark(rrset);
	+       if (adddom != NULL && (type == ns_t_a || type == ns_t_aaaa))
	+               dns_adddom(adddom, nadddom, nname, class, dc, now);
	        return (ret);
	 }

and here's what it looks like on the wire:

	; <<>> DiG 9.4.1 <<>> @::1 www.isc.org in aaaa
	; (1 server found)
	;; global options:  printcmd
	;; Got answer:
	;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 24902
	;; flags: qr ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
	
	;; QUESTION SECTION:
	;www.isc.org.                   IN      AAAA
	
	;; ANSWER SECTION:
	www.isc.org.            600     IN      AAAA    2001:4f8:0:2::d
	
	;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
	www.isc.org.            594     IN      A       204.152.184.88
	
	;; Query time: 185 msec
	;; SERVER: ::1#53(::1)
	;; WHEN: Mon Feb 11 13:18:30 2008
	;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 73

"so, tonight's the night, i'm breaking outta this joint, who's with me?"
-- 
Paul Vixie


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: DNS Zone Transfer Protocol (AXFR)
	Author(s)	: A. Gustafsson
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-07.txt
	Pages		: 0
	Date		: 2008-2-5
	
The Domain Name System standard facilities for maintaining coherent
servers for a zone consist of three elements.  The Authoritative
Transfer (AXFR) is defined in RFC 1034 and RFC 1035.  The Incremental
Zone Transfer (IXFR) is defined in RFC 1995.  A mechanism for prompt
notification of zone changes (NOTIFY) is defined in RFC 1996.  The base
definition of these facilities, that of the AXFR, has proven
insufficient in detail, resulting in no implementation complying with
it. Yet today we have a satisfactory set of implementations that do
interoperate. This document is a new definition of the AXFR, new in the
sense that is it recording an accurate definition of an interoperable
AXFR mechanism.

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
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This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Update to DNAME Redirection in the DNS
	Author(s)	: S. Rose, W. Wijngaards
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-09.txt
	Pages		: 16
	Date		: 2008-2-7
	
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 12 05:58:05 2008
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From: "Blacka, David" <davidb@verisign.com>
To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: ANY queries in ns resolution: ADDR pseudo-rrtype for IPv4 and IPv6 operation
Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2008 08:46:37 -0500
References: <200802102217.m1AMHQM8060394@drugs.dv.isc.org> <48115.1202683717@sa.vix.com> <footgg$887$1@sf1.isc.org> <g3myq74ocs.fsf@sa.vix.com>
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On Feb 11, 2008, at 8:25 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:

>>> is it too late to say that appropriate additional data for an AAAA
>>> response includes A, and that appropriate additional data for an A
>>> response include AAAA?
>>
>> That was our previous mode of operation ('hope') but it did not get  
>> very
>> far on the internet.
>
> hope, plus three dollars and a quarter, gets you a starbucks latte.   
> but
> rough consensus and running code, well, now that's another matter  
> entirely.
>
> as server implementors, we could just start including AAAA RRs in the
> additional data section when answering with A RRs, and including A  
> RRs in
> the additional data section when answering with AAAA RRs.  more or  
> less
> like what we do with NS and MX.  i suggested this, half heartedly,  
> when RFC
> 1886 was in production, but i was new to the IETF and i didn't know  
> that i
> had to say it louder if i wanted the idea to be considered.  but if  
> a bunch
> of us just started *doing* it, it would not be a protocol violation  
> nor
> create interoperability problems, and if it works well, we can  
> always write
> a BCP about it.


So, what use is this extra additional section rrset?  Wouldn't RFC  
2181 rules (and general resolver paranoia) keep this A or AAAA from  
ever being used as an answer?
--
David Blacka                          <davidb@verisign.com>
Sr. Engineer    VeriSign Infrastructure Product Engineering


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 12 08:23:36 2008
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Subject: Re: ANY queries in ns resolution: ADDR pseudo-rrtype for IPv4 and IPv6 operation 
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[davidb]
> So, what use is this extra additional section rrset?  Wouldn't RFC  2181
> rules (and general resolver paranoia) keep this A or AAAA from  ever being
> used as an answer?

in my own implementation, i upgrade additional records if they come from the
same server i would have queried for them.  i assume that others do likewise,
and that RFC 2181 is overly conservative on this one point.

however, their availability to stub resolvers (to which RFC 2181 does not
apply) is the important part.  getaddrinfo() with ai_family == PF_UNSPEC,
for example.

also, their availability in a recursive server (at the "additional data"
credibility level) for other responses (MX, NS, SRV) would moot the question,
if i have one kind of cached address record for the target, but no evidence
for/against the existence of the other kind of record, should i query for the
other kind so that my additional data can be more complete?

and it would moot the question, if you're trying to reach a name server and
you have one kind of address record for it but no evidence for or against the
existence of the other kind of record, and you can't reach it using the kind
of address you have, should you query for the kind you don't have before
giving up?

so even without patching RFC 2181 or testing getaddrinfo(), i see two 
immediate benefits from this change in behaviour, which as i said violates
no specification of which i am aware.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 12 08:33:38 2008
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The title was chopped up in the announcement, but here it is.

   DNS Zone Transfer Protocol (AXFR)
over the User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

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>	Title		: NS Zone Transfer Protocol (AXFR)over the 
>User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
>	Author(s)	: E. Lewis
>	Filename	: draft-lewis-axfr-over-udp-00.txt
>	Pages		: 5
>	Date		: 2008-2-8
>
>The Domain Name System's Authoritative Transfer (AXFR) use of the
>User Datagram Protocol (UDP) as a transport protocol is defined.
>
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From: "Scott Rose" <scottr@nist.gov>
To: <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 10:31:40 -0500
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Resolution of DNAME in dynamic update issue

Issue:  What should happen when attempting to add a DNAME RR via dynamic
update?

Possible resolution 1:  Return error code.  Either overload YXDOMAIN or
allocate a new error code for this case (or this and NS case):  OBSURENAME
error (or something else):  meaning that if the RR is added; it will cause
one or more other RRs at that name or below that name to become obscured.

From Paul Vixies original comment:
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00046.html

http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00283.html

Then expanded after discussion that YXDOMAIN is not the correct error code
on Monday Feb 11:

http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00321.html


Possible resolution 2:  Accept and obscure names.  From Mark Andrews post:
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00247.html

Allow dynamic updates of DNAME to obscure names below the added name.  Those
obscured names are transferred in AXFR/IXFR operations but are not used in
the resolution process.   A dynamic update message adding a DNAME RR at a
name that already has RR’s of some other type would still generate an error
(must be delete/add operation).

In addition, zone files with names below a DNAME still load successfully but
a server MAY wish to log an error to log files to alert administrators.

Please indicate which you prefer (or give an alternate).



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 09:16:02 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: "Scott Rose" <scottr@nist.gov>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 13 Feb 2008 10:31:40 EST."
             <JNEGICILJHDCEMKOEACNOEANDEAA.scottr@nist.gov> 
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> Resolution of DNAME in dynamic update issue
> 
> Issue:  What should happen when attempting to add a DNAME RR via dynamic
> update?
> 
> Possible resolution 1:  Return error code.  Either overload YXDOMAIN or ...

marka pointed out to me that YXDOMAIN is a response to a prerequisite not
an update action, and we have no way to express "name must have no children
and no records" in the current prerequisite encodings.  thus, this idea will
not work unless we add another prerequisite encoding, which i think is the
wrong approach.

> Possible resolution 2:  Accept and obscure names.  ...
> 
> Please indicate which you prefer (or give an alternate).

of the two possible resolutions given, i prefer #2.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 11:15:53 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 14:04:44 -0500
To: Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
In-Reply-To: <JNEGICILJHDCEMKOEACNOEANDEAA.scottr@nist.gov>
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At 10:31 13/02/2008, Scott Rose wrote:
>Resolution of DNAME in dynamic update issue
>
>Issue:  What should happen when attempting to add a DNAME RR via dynamic
>update?
>
>Possible resolution 1:  Return error code.  Either overload YXDOMAIN or
>allocate a new error code for this case (or this and NS case):  OBSURENAME
>error (or something else):  meaning that if the RR is added; it will cause
>one or more other RRs at that name or below that name to become obscured.
>
> >From Paul Vixies original comment:
>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00046.html
>
>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00283.html
>
>Then expanded after discussion that YXDOMAIN is not the correct error code
>on Monday Feb 11:
>
>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00321.html
>
>
>Possible resolution 2:  Accept and obscure names.  From Mark Andrews post:
>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00247.html
>
>Allow dynamic updates of DNAME to obscure names below the added name.  Those
>obscured names are transferred in AXFR/IXFR operations but are not used in
>the resolution process.   A dynamic update message adding a DNAME RR at a
>name that already has RR's of some other type would still generate an error
>(must be delete/add operation).
>
>In addition, zone files with names below a DNAME still load successfully but
>a server MAY wish to log an error to log files to alert administrators.
>
>Please indicate which you prefer (or give an alternate).

<no-hat>

For completeness
Possible resolution 3: Accept and delete zone contents below the DNAME/NS added

This one has been mentioned.


Side effect of #2
         can name/RRset below DNAME be deleted ?

         can name/RRset below DNAME be modified ?

         can name/RRset below DNAME be added  ?


Special case of #2
zone example.com.
         SOA .....
         NS foo.example.com.
         NS bar.some-other-zone.tld.
foo     A a.b.c.d

Attempting to add "example.com. DNAME example.org."
This obscures foo.example.com.
Should this update be allowed or rejected as foo.example.com will
never be visible ?

         Olafur 


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cc: Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 13 Feb 2008 14:04:44 EST."
             <200802131904.m1DJ4qk9001990@ogud.com> 
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> For completeness
> Possible resolution 3: Accept and delete zone contents below the DNAME/NS
> added
> 
> This one has been mentioned.

i think #3 is a really and terribly bad idea.

> Side effect of #2
>          can name/RRset below DNAME be deleted ?
> 
>          can name/RRset below DNAME be modified ?
> 
>          can name/RRset below DNAME be added  ?

yes.

> Special case of #2
> zone example.com.
>          SOA .....
>          NS foo.example.com.
>          NS bar.some-other-zone.tld.
> foo     A a.b.c.d
> 
> Attempting to add "example.com. DNAME example.org."
> This obscures foo.example.com.
> Should this update be allowed or rejected as foo.example.com will
> never be visible ?

i think this level of semantic control is unrealistic.  it begs questions
about DNAMEs to parents, DNAME loops, CNAME loops, and similar.  proposal
#2 says UPDATE shouldn't enforce these limitations.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 12:18:26 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 15:10:16 -0500
To: Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
Cc: Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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The reason I prefer #1 is that #2 and #3 have a shared feature of 
"unintended consequences."

Okay, let's now drop #3 from consideration.

The problem with #2 is that it means possibly many names are impacted 
as a side effect without notice.  The very error that is easily 
recoverd from (being able to undo the obscuring) is the error enabled 
by #2.  (It only saves itself from itself.)

I'd prefer to allocate a new error code.  Yes, this means more work 
for the implementations, but protocols are supposed to be all about 
communications, the clearer the better optimized for performance. 
(Oh, and I'm against overloading the YXDOMAIN because that wouldn't 
be clear.)

I favored obscuring until I realized that it was an unintended consequence.

I do have a question for the group.  When we say NS records obscure 
names below them in the same zone, where is that planted in the 
specs?  Was it something that was coded and we just stuck with it?


At 14:04 -0500 2/13/08, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
>At 10:31 13/02/2008, Scott Rose wrote:
>>Resolution of DNAME in dynamic update issue
>>
>>Issue:  What should happen when attempting to add a DNAME RR via dynamic
>>update?
>>
>>Possible resolution 1:  Return error code.  Either overload YXDOMAIN or
>>allocate a new error code for this case (or this and NS case):  OBSURENAME
>>error (or something else):  meaning that if the RR is added; it will cause
>>one or more other RRs at that name or below that name to become obscured.
>>
>>  >From Paul Vixies original comment:
>>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00046.html
>>
>>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00283.html
>>
>>Then expanded after discussion that YXDOMAIN is not the correct error code
>>on Monday Feb 11:
>>
>>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00321.html
>>
>>
>>Possible resolution 2:  Accept and obscure names.  From Mark Andrews post:
>>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00247.html
>>
>>Allow dynamic updates of DNAME to obscure names below the added name.  Those
>>obscured names are transferred in AXFR/IXFR operations but are not used in
>>the resolution process.   A dynamic update message adding a DNAME RR at a
>>name that already has RR's of some other type would still generate an error
>>(must be delete/add operation).
>>
>>In addition, zone files with names below a DNAME still load successfully but
>>a server MAY wish to log an error to log files to alert administrators.
>>
>>Please indicate which you prefer (or give an alternate).
>
><no-hat>
>
>For completeness
>Possible resolution 3: Accept and delete zone contents below the 
>DNAME/NS added
>
>This one has been mentioned.
>
>
>Side effect of #2
>         can name/RRset below DNAME be deleted ?
>
>         can name/RRset below DNAME be modified ?
>
>         can name/RRset below DNAME be added  ?
>
>
>Special case of #2
>zone example.com.
>         SOA .....
>         NS foo.example.com.
>         NS bar.some-other-zone.tld.
>foo     A a.b.c.d
>
>Attempting to add "example.com. DNAME example.org."
>This obscures foo.example.com.
>Should this update be allowed or rejected as foo.example.com will
>never be visible ?
>
>         Olafur
>
>--
>to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
>the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 13:02:34 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 22:55:07 +0200
To: "Scott Rose" <scottr@nist.gov>
Cc: <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
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Scott Rose wrote:
> Resolution of DNAME in dynamic update issue
>=20
> Issue:  What should happen when attempting to add a DNAME RR via dyna=
mic
> update=3F

I prefer resolution 2, "Accept and obscure names", as it is consistent
with the existing dynamic update behavior with regards to NS records
(RFC2136 section 7.18).  And to be fully consistent, perhaps we should
use the same terminology as that section and say "occlude" rather than
"obscure".

> A dynamic update message adding a DNAME RR at a
> name that already has RR=92s of some other type would still generate =
an error
> (must be delete/add operation).

This error case is analogous to the existing error case of adding a
CNAME to a name having other data, and for consistency, it should be
dealt with in the same way, by ignoring the update RR.
--=20
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 13:35:42 2008
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        namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 13 Feb 2008 15:10:16 CDT."
             <a06240805c3d8fdb3dc45@[192.168.1.107]> 
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> The reason I prefer #1 is that #2 and #3 have a shared feature of 
> "unintended consequences."
> 
> Okay, let's now drop #3 from consideration.
> 
> The problem with #2 is that it means possibly many names are impacted 
> as a side effect without notice.  The very error that is easily 
> recoverd from (being able to undo the obscuring) is the error enabled 
> by #2.  (It only saves itself from itself.)
> 
> I'd prefer to allocate a new error code.  Yes, this means more work 
> for the implementations, but protocols are supposed to be all about 
> communications, the clearer the better optimized for performance. 
> (Oh, and I'm against overloading the YXDOMAIN because that wouldn't 
> be clear.)
> 
> I favored obscuring until I realized that it was an unintended consequence.

	Any change can have unintend consecquences.  Your wanting
	to make the zone contents disappear before the update has
	unintended consequnences.  There *will* be a window where
	names that used to exist won't and then will exist once the
	DNAME is added.

	There will also be a window between when a DNAME is removed
	and the namespace restored.

	NXDOMAIN is a fatal error for mail, etc.

> I do have a question for the group.  When we say NS records obscure 
> names below them in the same zone, where is that planted in the 
> specs?  Was it something that was coded and we just stuck with it?
> 
> At 14:04 -0500 2/13/08, Olafur Gudmundsson wrote:
> >At 10:31 13/02/2008, Scott Rose wrote:
> >>Resolution of DNAME in dynamic update issue
> >>
> >>Issue:  What should happen when attempting to add a DNAME RR via dynamic
> >>update?
> >>
> >>Possible resolution 1:  Return error code.  Either overload YXDOMAIN or
> >>allocate a new error code for this case (or this and NS case):  OBSURENAME
> >>error (or something else):  meaning that if the RR is added; it will cause
> >>one or more other RRs at that name or below that name to become obscured.
> >>
> >>  >From Paul Vixies original comment:
> >>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00046.html
> >>
> >>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00283.html
> >>
> >>Then expanded after discussion that YXDOMAIN is not the correct error code
> >>on Monday Feb 11:
> >>
> >>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00321.html
> >>
> >>
> >>Possible resolution 2:  Accept and obscure names.  From Mark Andrews post:
> >>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00247.html
> >>
> >>Allow dynamic updates of DNAME to obscure names below the added name.  Those
> >>obscured names are transferred in AXFR/IXFR operations but are not used in
> >>the resolution process.   A dynamic update message adding a DNAME RR at a
> >>name that already has RR's of some other type would still generate an error
> >>(must be delete/add operation).
> >>
> >>In addition, zone files with names below a DNAME still load successfully but
> >>a server MAY wish to log an error to log files to alert administrators.
> >>
> >>Please indicate which you prefer (or give an alternate).
> >
> ><no-hat>
> >
> >For completeness
> >Possible resolution 3: Accept and delete zone contents below the 
> >DNAME/NS added
> >
> >This one has been mentioned.
> >
> >
> >Side effect of #2
> >         can name/RRset below DNAME be deleted ?
> >
> >         can name/RRset below DNAME be modified ?
> >
> >         can name/RRset below DNAME be added  ?
> >
> >
> >Special case of #2
> >zone example.com.
> >         SOA .....
> >         NS foo.example.com.
> >         NS bar.some-other-zone.tld.
> >foo     A a.b.c.d
> >
> >Attempting to add "example.com. DNAME example.org."
> >This obscures foo.example.com.
> >Should this update be allowed or rejected as foo.example.com will
> >never be visible ?
> >
> >         Olafur
> >
> >--
> >to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> >the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> >archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
> 
> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
-- 
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1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 13:59:27 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 16:43:07 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>,
        Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 8:24 +1100 2/14/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>	Any change can have unintend consecquences.  Your wanting
>	to make the zone contents disappear before the update has
>	unintended consequnences.  There *will* be a window where
>	names that used to exist won't and then will exist once the
>	DNAME is added.

What I meant by unintended consequences is that when occluding the 
names, the status of names are changing without an explicitly 
communication.  If the introduction of a DNAME is prevented because 
there are names in place and must be explicitly removed first, then 
all the changes are explicitly communicated.

>	There will also be a window between when a DNAME is removed
>	and the namespace restored.

How common is the use case of a DNAME being introduced and then 
withdrawn on top of an otherwise stable tree structure?  I don't see 
what this is "solving for."

>	NXDOMAIN is a fatal error for mail, etc.

I don't understand why this is mentioned.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 14:42:10 2008
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To: Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>
Cc: Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 13 Feb 2008 14:04:44 CDT."
             <200802131904.m1DJ4qk9001990@ogud.com> 
Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2008 09:34:53 +1100
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> At 10:31 13/02/2008, Scott Rose wrote:
> >Resolution of DNAME in dynamic update issue
> >
> >Issue:  What should happen when attempting to add a DNAME RR via dynamic
> >update?
> >
> >Possible resolution 1:  Return error code.  Either overload YXDOMAIN or
> >allocate a new error code for this case (or this and NS case):  OBSURENAME
> >error (or something else):  meaning that if the RR is added; it will cause
> >one or more other RRs at that name or below that name to become obscured.
> >
> > >From Paul Vixies original comment:
> >http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00046.html
> >
> >http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00283.html
> >
> >Then expanded after discussion that YXDOMAIN is not the correct error code
> >on Monday Feb 11:
> >
> >http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00321.html
> >
> >
> >Possible resolution 2:  Accept and obscure names.  From Mark Andrews post:
> >http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2008/msg00247.html
> >
> >Allow dynamic updates of DNAME to obscure names below the added name.  Those
> >obscured names are transferred in AXFR/IXFR operations but are not used in
> >the resolution process.   A dynamic update message adding a DNAME RR at a
> >name that already has RR's of some other type would still generate an error
> >(must be delete/add operation).
> >
> >In addition, zone files with names below a DNAME still load successfully but
> >a server MAY wish to log an error to log files to alert administrators.
> >
> >Please indicate which you prefer (or give an alternate).
> 
> <no-hat>
> 
> For completeness
> Possible resolution 3: Accept and delete zone contents below the DNAME/NS add
> ed
> 
> This one has been mentioned.
> 
> 
> Side effect of #2
>          can name/RRset below DNAME be deleted ?

	yes.  can update delete a name/RRset below a delegating NS?  yes.
 
>          can name/RRset below DNAME be modified ?

	yes.  can update modify a name/RRset below a delegating NS? yes.
 
>          can name/RRset below DNAME be added  ?

	yes.  can update add a name/RRset below a delegating NS? yes.
 
 
> Special case of #2
> zone example.com.
>          SOA .....
>          NS foo.example.com.
>          NS bar.some-other-zone.tld.
> foo     A a.b.c.d
> 
> Attempting to add "example.com. DNAME example.org."
> This obscures foo.example.com.
> Should this update be allowed or rejected as foo.example.com will
> never be visible ?

	allowed and will be visible if DNAME is removed.
 
>          Olafur 
> 
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 14:56:49 2008
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>, Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>,
        namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 13 Feb 2008 16:43:07 CDT."
             <a06240806c3d9133ce864@[192.168.1.107]> 
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> At 8:24 +1100 2/14/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> >	Any change can have unintend consecquences.  Your wanting
> >	to make the zone contents disappear before the update has
> >	unintended consequnences.  There *will* be a window where
> >	names that used to exist won't and then will exist once the
> >	DNAME is added.
> 
> What I meant by unintended consequences is that when occluding the 
> names, the status of names are changing without an explicitly 
> communication.  If the introduction of a DNAME is prevented because 
> there are names in place and must be explicitly removed first, then 
> all the changes are explicitly communicated.
> 
> >	There will also be a window between when a DNAME is removed
> >	and the namespace restored.
> 
> How common is the use case of a DNAME being introduced and then 
> withdrawn on top of an otherwise stable tree structure?  I don't see 
> what this is "solving for."
> 
> >	NXDOMAIN is a fatal error for mail, etc.
> 
> I don't understand why this is mentioned.

	Because the only other choice is to make names DISAPPEAR
	then REAPPEAR as you DESTROY/REBUILD the namespace below
	the DNAME.

	zone with lots of content beneath new DNAME location
		|
	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
	     DESTROY
		V
	zone with not content beneath new DNAME location
		|
	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
		V
	zone with DNAME

	or

	zone with DNAME
		|
		V
	zone with not content beneath old DNAME location
		|
	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
	     REBUILD
		V
	zone with lots of content beneath old DNAME location
	
	Mark

> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 18:41:39 2008
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From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?=D3lafur?= =?iso-8859-1?Q?_Gu=F0mundsson?= /DNSEXT 
 chair <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: Re: Meeting at IETF-71 ? 
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At 11:12 07/02/2008, =D3lafur Gu=F0mundsson /DNSEXT wrote:

>We have a few new active drafts right now,
>do you see a need for a face to face meeting?
>I will decide by Monday if DNSEXT is meeting.
>
>         Olafur

Only two people told me there is need for a meeting.
Given the long discussions on AXFR and DNAME over the last few days,
I think there is some need to discussion forum.

I will update DNSEXT meeting request to be for a one hour slot.
There will be separate small meeting to flesh out the profile document.
If you are interested and willing to help out with that document contact
me or George.

Send in agenda requests

         Olafur


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 19:11:45 2008
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Date: Wed, 13 Feb 2008 22:01:46 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>,
        Scott Rose <scottr@nist.gov>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 9:51 +1100 2/14/08, Mark Andrews wrote:

>>>	NXDOMAIN is a fatal error for mail, etc.
>>
>>  I don't understand why this is mentioned.
>
>	Because the only other choice is to make names DISAPPEAR
>	then REAPPEAR as you DESTROY/REBUILD the namespace below
>	the DNAME.
>
>	zone with lots of content beneath new DNAME location
>		|
>	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
>	     DESTROY
>		V
>	zone with not content beneath new DNAME location
>		|
>	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
>		V
>	zone with DNAME
>
>	or
>
>	zone with DNAME
>		|
>		V
>	zone with not content beneath old DNAME location
>		|
>	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
>	     REBUILD
>		V
>	zone with lots of content beneath old DNAME location

Still not getting the point.  How often is this a concern?  How often 
would a zone be run this way?  I understand the scenario, the 
question is, when in operations would this be a concern?

And what does that have to do with mail?
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
NeuStar

Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.

--
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 19:21:52 2008
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        namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 13 Feb 2008 22:01:46 CDT."
             <a06240800c3d95ed88761@[192.168.1.107]> 
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> At 9:51 +1100 2/14/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> >>>	NXDOMAIN is a fatal error for mail, etc.
> >>
> >>  I don't understand why this is mentioned.
> >
> >	Because the only other choice is to make names DISAPPEAR
> >	then REAPPEAR as you DESTROY/REBUILD the namespace below
> >	the DNAME.
> >
> >	zone with lots of content beneath new DNAME location
> >		|
> >	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
> >	     DESTROY
> >		V
> >	zone with not content beneath new DNAME location
> >		|
> >	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
> >		V
> >	zone with DNAME
> >
> >	or
> >
> >	zone with DNAME
> >		|
> >		V
> >	zone with not content beneath old DNAME location
> >		|
> >	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
> >	     REBUILD
> >		V
> >	zone with lots of content beneath old DNAME location
> 
> Still not getting the point.  How often is this a concern?  How often 
> would a zone be run this way?  I understand the scenario, the 
> question is, when in operations would this be a concern?

	Does it really matter how often?  All we need to realise
	as engineers is that it happens with zone which are being
	managed via dynamic update.  Such changes should happen
	with having to shut the server down, manually edit the zone
	and then reload it.  Often the people that are managing the
	zone don't have access to do this.  Pick any of the dynamic
	dns service providers for examples of where manual changes
	are not available.  You can create the zone, delete the zone
	and the rest is done via update.
 
> And what does that have to do with mail?

	You can have mail lost in the intermediate stages.

> -- 
> -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> NeuStar
> 
> Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 19:23:36 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 14 Feb 2008 14:14:49 +1100."
Date: Thu, 14 Feb 2008 14:15:39 +1100
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> 
> > At 9:51 +1100 2/14/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> > 
> > >>>	NXDOMAIN is a fatal error for mail, etc.
> > >>
> > >>  I don't understand why this is mentioned.
> > >
> > >	Because the only other choice is to make names DISAPPEAR
> > >	then REAPPEAR as you DESTROY/REBUILD the namespace below
> > >	the DNAME.
> > >
> > >	zone with lots of content beneath new DNAME location
> > >		|
> > >	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
> > >	     DESTROY
> > >		V
> > >	zone with not content beneath new DNAME location
> > >		|
> > >	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
> > >		V
> > >	zone with DNAME
> > >
> > >	or
> > >
> > >	zone with DNAME
> > >		|
> > >		V
> > >	zone with not content beneath old DNAME location
> > >		|
> > >	 *** LOTS OF NXDOMAINS ***
> > >	     REBUILD
> > >		V
> > >	zone with lots of content beneath old DNAME location
> > 
> > Still not getting the point.  How often is this a concern?  How often 
> > would a zone be run this way?  I understand the scenario, the 
> > question is, when in operations would this be a concern?
> 
> 	Does it really matter how often?  All we need to realise
> 	as engineers is that it happens with zone which are being
> 	managed via dynamic update.  Such changes should happen
> 	with having to shut the server down, manually edit the zone

	without

> 	and then reload it.  Often the people that are managing the
> 	zone don't have access to do this.  Pick any of the dynamic
> 	dns service providers for examples of where manual changes
> 	are not available.  You can create the zone, delete the zone
> 	and the rest is done via update.
>  
> > And what does that have to do with mail?
> 
> 	You can have mail lost in the intermediate stages.
> 
> > -- 
> > -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
> > Edward Lewis                                                +1-571-434-5468
> > NeuStar
> > 
> > Mail archives, backups.  Sometimes I think the true beneficiaries of
> > standards work are the suppliers of disk drives.
> -- 
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 13 19:34:21 2008
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        namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 13 Feb 2008 16:43:07 CDT."
             <a06240806c3d9133ce864@[192.168.1.107]> 
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> At 8:24 +1100 2/14/08, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> >	Any change can have unintend consecquences.  Your wanting
> >	to make the zone contents disappear before the update has
> >	unintended consequnences.  There *will* be a window where
> >	names that used to exist won't and then will exist once the
> >	DNAME is added.
> 
> What I meant by unintended consequences is that when occluding the 
> names, the status of names are changing without an explicitly 
> communication.  If the introduction of a DNAME is prevented because 
> there are names in place and must be explicitly removed first, then 
> all the changes are explicitly communicated.

	Pre-requisites are what prevent unintended consequences
	in UPDATE.  If we don't have a appropriate pre-requisite
	we need to invent one.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb 15 02:48:37 2008
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Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
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Mark Andrews wrote:
|>> Still not getting the point.  How often is this a concern?  How often
|>> would a zone be run this way?  I understand the scenario, the
|>> question is, when in operations would this be a concern?
|> 	Does it really matter how often?  All we need to realise
|> 	as engineers is that it happens with zone which are being
|> 	managed via dynamic update.  Such changes should happen
|> 	with having to shut the server down, manually edit the zone
|
| 	without
|
|> 	and then reload it.  Often the people that are managing the
|> 	zone don't have access to do this.  Pick any of the dynamic
|> 	dns service providers for examples of where manual changes
|> 	are not available.  You can create the zone, delete the zone
|> 	and the rest is done via update.

So, I understand the argument is that the obscure option provides a
feature that the error-code option does not provide. The obscure option
provides a way for zone operators to leverage a DNAME to make large
changes to the zone, atomically, using dynamic update.

The error code option argument is that it doesn't have obscuring, which
is then an unwanted feature. A clean way to do this is to have a good
precondition, or proper errorcode to return.

~From the discussion I gather that NS records can also be leveraged to
make large atomic changes using dynamic update.

Leverage procedure:
1) copy current zone contents to a remote server or zone
2) set a NS or DNAME to point to that server or zone. Users get same
content but via an indirection
3) build up large change using dynamic update requests to obscured records.
4) remove NS or DNAME, exposing the covered data atomically.

To be honest, I never heard of this feature before. I can imagine it
being useful. I hope I rendered the procedure correctly here.

The fact remains that non dynamic update servers do not expect obscured
data in zone transfers or zone files. There is no RFC telling them about
it. That would mean that obscured data requires all servers that support
AXFR/IXFR to start supporting dynamic update features to implement
covered data features. I highly doubt that existing AXFR/IXFR but not
dynamic update servers do so.

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
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On 13 Feb 2008, at 20:55, Andreas Gustafsson wrote:

>> A dynamic update message adding a DNAME RR at a
>> name that already has RR=92s of some other type would still generate =20=

>> an error
>> (must be delete/add operation).
>
> This error case is analogous to the existing error case of adding a
> CNAME to a name having other data, and for consistency, it should be
> dealt with in the same way, by ignoring the update RR.

	Since when is a DNAME not allowed _at_ a name that already
	has RR's of some other type (except CNAME, of course)?


	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly
	University College Dublin IT Services

	PGP key ID: AE995ED9 (see www.pgp.net)
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Niall O'Reilly wrote:
> On 13 Feb 2008, at 20:55, Andreas Gustafsson wrote:
> >> A dynamic update message adding a DNAME RR at a
> >> name that already has RR=92s of some other type would still genera=
te =20
> >> an error
> >> (must be delete/add operation).
> >
> > This error case is analogous to the existing error case of adding a=

> > CNAME to a name having other data, and for consistency, it should b=
e
> > dealt with in the same way, by ignoring the update RR.
>=20
> =09Since when is a DNAME not allowed =5Fat=5F a name that already
> =09has RR's of some other type (except CNAME, of course)=3F

Sorry, I responded to Mark's comment without checking his assertions.
You're right, DNAME is allowed at a name that has other RRs (except
CNAME or another DNAME).

What I should have said was that cases that actually =5Fare=5F errors,
such as attempts to add a DNAME to a name already having a CNAME or
another DNAME, should be dealt with by ignoring the update RR, since
that is how RFC2136 generally deals with errors (as opposed to
unsatisfied prerequisites, which cause error responses to be sent).
--=20
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue
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On 15 Feb 2008, at 13:21, Andreas Gustafsson wrote:

> Sorry, I responded to Mark's comment without checking his assertions.

	Sorry, I responded to yours without looking back along
	the thread.

> You're right, DNAME is allowed at a name that has other RRs (except
> CNAME or another DNAME).
>
> What I should have said was that cases that actually _are_ errors,
> such as attempts to add a DNAME to a name already having a CNAME or
> another DNAME, should be dealt with by ignoring the update RR, since
> that is how RFC2136 generally deals with errors (as opposed to
> unsatisfied prerequisites, which cause error responses to be sent).

	Makes sense.


	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly
	University College Dublin IT Services

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb 15 08:30:16 2008
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Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 15 Feb 2008 11:39:26 +0100."
             <47B56BDE.7050003@nlnetlabs.nl> 
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> So, I understand the argument is that the obscure option provides a
> feature that the error-code option does not provide.

that's not my argument.  my argument is, there is no way to get that
error code at the moment.  we would have to define a new kind of UPDATE
prerequisite, to which a possible response would be YXDOMAIN.  i think
we should avoid defining a new kind of prerequisite to handle DNAME,
and that's my argument for why the obscure option is better.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb 15 14:50:53 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: Resolution of the DNAME via dynamic update issue 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 15 Feb 2008 11:39:26 BST."
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> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Mark Andrews wrote:
> |>> Still not getting the point.  How often is this a concern?  How often
> |>> would a zone be run this way?  I understand the scenario, the
> |>> question is, when in operations would this be a concern?
> |> 	Does it really matter how often?  All we need to realise
> |> 	as engineers is that it happens with zone which are being
> |> 	managed via dynamic update.  Such changes should happen
> |> 	with having to shut the server down, manually edit the zone
> |
> | 	without
> |
> |> 	and then reload it.  Often the people that are managing the
> |> 	zone don't have access to do this.  Pick any of the dynamic
> |> 	dns service providers for examples of where manual changes
> |> 	are not available.  You can create the zone, delete the zone
> |> 	and the rest is done via update.
> 
> So, I understand the argument is that the obscure option provides a
> feature that the error-code option does not provide. The obscure option
> provides a way for zone operators to leverage a DNAME to make large
> changes to the zone, atomically, using dynamic update.
> 
> The error code option argument is that it doesn't have obscuring, which
> is then an unwanted feature. A clean way to do this is to have a good
> precondition, or proper errorcode to return.
> 
> ~From the discussion I gather that NS records can also be leveraged to
> make large atomic changes using dynamic update.
> 
> Leverage procedure:
> 1) copy current zone contents to a remote server or zone

	That assumes you *have* another server.  It can't
	be the existing server or the zone will be found via
	normal delegation.

> 2) set a NS or DNAME to point to that server or zone. Users get same
> content but via an indirection
> 3) build up large change using dynamic update requests to obscured records.
> 4) remove NS or DNAME, exposing the covered data atomically.

	Say you have SOA + NS + DNAME and you want to remove the
	DNAME and have a complete zone.  You can't replace the
	DNAME with a NS RRset.
 
> To be honest, I never heard of this feature before. I can imagine it
> being useful. I hope I rendered the procedure correctly here.
> 
> The fact remains that non dynamic update servers do not expect obscured
> data in zone transfers or zone files. There is no RFC telling them about
> it.

	There will be if we tell them in this document.

> That would mean that obscured data requires all servers that support
> AXFR/IXFR to start supporting dynamic update features to implement
> covered data features. I highly doubt that existing AXFR/IXFR but not
> dynamic update servers do so.

	And no one has complained in the last 8 years about BIND 9
	doing it.  It is a rarely used option at this point.

	When we look at RFC's for reveiw, we are supposed to look at
	what we got wrong and repair it.
 
> Best regards,
> ~   Wouter
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
> Version: GnuPG v1.4.7 (GNU/Linux)
> 
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> -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Use of SHA-2 algorithms with RSA in DNSKEY and RRSIG Resource Records for DNSSEC
	Author(s)       : J. Jansen
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-rsasha256-03.txt
	Pages           : 9
	Date            : 2008-02-16

This document describes how to produce RSA/SHA-256 and RSA/SHA-512
DNSKEY and RRSIG resource records for use in the Domain Name System
Security Extensions (DNSSEC, RFC 4033, RFC 4034, and RFC 4035).

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From: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
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Hi everybody,

I've just posted -02 of draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience, which has
received quite a bit of love and changes since -01.

Until it appears on the IETF site, please use 
http://ds9a.nl/tmp/draft.html

A summary:

* Included Stub Resolvers (closing ticket 7)
* Added a 'security' section
* strictly made this draft apply to *implementations* that should have
  certain *abilities*. It is up to the operator to choose an implementation
  that does or does not support these abilities, and it is to the operator to
  choose if or not to turn on said abilities.
* added a *note* to the effect that lower TTL values in zones are easier to
  spoof - non-normative
* typos removed
* countermeasures rewritten heavily to be less specific about measures but
  more about results - no discussion on what 'random' means exactly, but focus
  on 'unpredictable'.
* some wording improvements (differences between resolver, nameserver etc)
* document now updates 1034 instead of confusingly claiming to update either
  1034 or 1035 
* added reference to TSIG/IPSEC rfc's as another way to secure
  communications

Click through http://adsl-xs4all.ds9a.nl/cgi-bin/resilience.fcgi/timeline to
see the exct diffs.

It is suggested we do a final round of critical reading with limited and
focused changes before last call.

Kind regards,

Bert Hubert & Remco van Mook


-- 
http://www.PowerDNS.com      Open source, database driven DNS Software 
http://netherlabs.nl              Open and Closed source services

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Measures for making DNS more resilient against forged answers
	Author(s)       : B. Hubert, R. van Mook
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt
	Pages           : 21
	Date            : 2008-02-18

The current Internet climate poses serious threats to the Domain Name
System.  In the interim period before the DNS protocol can be secured
more fully, measures can already be taken to harden the DNS to make
'spoofing' a recursing nameserver many orders of magnitude harder.

Even a cryptographically secured DNS benefits from having the ability
to discard bogus answers quickly, as this potentially saves large
amounts of computation.

By describing certain behaviour that has previously not been
standardised, this document sets out how to make the DNS more
resilient against accepting incorrect answers.  This document updates
RFC 1034.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 18 14:15:23 2008
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--On 18 February 2008 22:04:25 +0100 bert hubert 
<bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl> wrote:

> * countermeasures rewritten heavily to be less specific about measures but
>   more about results - no discussion on what 'random' means exactly, but
> focus   on 'unpredictable'.

Next time you are making some changes, you could look out for use
of the word random elsewhere. In some places you really mean "random or
pseudo-random", whereas in other places I think you mean "arbitrary".
For a trivial example, "random authoritative nameserver" in 1.1, but
more perniciously "pick a random port" in the second para of 4.4 should be,
I think, "use an arbitrary port" (whereas the next para is correct, I
think).

Alex

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 18 15:23:46 2008
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Found no substance corrections. Stylistically, I would suggest:

- replacing the term "fake data" with something more specific. In most 
cases, something akin to "doctored resource records" would do.

- in 4.3, "several important documents". Suggesting the more specific 
"two Best Current Practice documents".

- in 5, the first paragraph "a curious mathematical phenomenon means..." 
can be rewritten as "a known probability problem, known as the birthday 
paradox, describes the probability..."

I guess this is the editor's job, but I thought I would lend a hand.

The document looks generally good. Nice job!

  Best-Federico

bert hubert wrote:
> Hi everybody,
> 
> I've just posted -02 of draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience, which has
> received quite a bit of love and changes since -01.
> 
> Until it appears on the IETF site, please use 
> http://ds9a.nl/tmp/draft.html
> 
> A summary:
> 
> * Included Stub Resolvers (closing ticket 7)
> * Added a 'security' section
> * strictly made this draft apply to *implementations* that should have
>   certain *abilities*. It is up to the operator to choose an implementation
>   that does or does not support these abilities, and it is to the operator to
>   choose if or not to turn on said abilities.
> * added a *note* to the effect that lower TTL values in zones are easier to
>   spoof - non-normative
> * typos removed
> * countermeasures rewritten heavily to be less specific about measures but
>   more about results - no discussion on what 'random' means exactly, but focus
>   on 'unpredictable'.
> * some wording improvements (differences between resolver, nameserver etc)
> * document now updates 1034 instead of confusingly claiming to update either
>   1034 or 1035 
> * added reference to TSIG/IPSEC rfc's as another way to secure
>   communications
> 
> Click through http://adsl-xs4all.ds9a.nl/cgi-bin/resilience.fcgi/timeline to
> see the exct diffs.
> 
> It is suggested we do a final round of critical reading with limited and
> focused changes before last call.
> 
> Kind regards,
> 
> Bert Hubert & Remco van Mook
> 
> 


-- 

_________________________________________
-- "'Problem' is a bleak word for challenge" - Richard Fish
(Federico L. Lucifredi) - flucifredi@ximian.com


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	This is the second time in recent weeks that a draft that
	should have been there was not.  Instead of draft I'm 
	getting the expired boiler plate for the previous revision
	of the draft.  Something is systematically going wrong.

	Mark

% fetch http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt
draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt   100% of  973  B 2399 kBps
farside.isc.org:marka {2} % fetch ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt
draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt   100% of  973  B  476 kBps
% cat draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt

This Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-01.txt, has expired, and has been deleted 
from the Internet-Drafts directory.  An Internet-Draft expires 185 days from 
the date that it is posted unless it is replaced by an updated version, or the
Secretariat has been notified that the document is under official review by the
IESG or has been passed to the RFC Editor for review and/or publication as an 
RFC.  This Internet-Draft was not published as an RFC.

Internet-Drafts are not archival documents, and copies of Internet-Drafts that have 
been deleted from the directory are not available.  The Secretariat does not have 
any information regarding the future plans of the author(s) or working group, if 
applicable, with respect to this deleted Internet-Draft.  For more information, or 
to request a copy of the document, please contact the author(s) directly.

Draft Author(s):
Remco van Mook <remco@virtu.nl>,
Bert Hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
% date
Mon Feb 18 23:21:37 UTC 2008
% 

-- 
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1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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Subject: Re: I-D Action:draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt
To: Mark_Andrews@isc.org (Mark Andrews)
Date: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 12:22:57 +0000 (GMT)
Cc: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
In-Reply-To: <200802182322.m1INMNPY034159@drugs.dv.isc.org> from "Mark Andrews" at Feb 19, 8 10:22:23 am
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Mark Andrews writes:

> 	This is the second time in recent weeks that a draft that
> 	should have been there was not.  Instead of draft I'm 
> 	getting the expired boiler plate for the previous revision
> 	of the draft.  Something is systematically going wrong.

Certainly looks like it:

$ ftp ftp.ietf.org
Connected to ftp.ietf.org.
[...]
ftp> dir /internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-*
-rw-r--r--    1 0        0             973 Feb 16 05:01 draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt
-rw-r--r--    1 30       8           30427 Feb 18 20:50 draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.xml

The XML version seems to be correct.

-- 
Chris Thompson
Email: cet1@cam.ac.uk

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 19 04:44:16 2008
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Subject: heads up for NSEC3 software implementers
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Date: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 12:38:52 +0000
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--=_mixed 0045797FC12573F4_=
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII"

This is a heads up for implementers of software that contain DNSSEC 
functions for signing and validating NSEC3 zones.

During the various tests we used the provisional DNS Security Algorithm 
Numbers 131 and 133 for respectively DSA-NSEC3-SHA1 and 
RSASHA1-NSEC3-SHA1.

The IANA has assigned DNS Security Algorithm Numbers 6 and 7 for 
respectively DSA-NSEC3-SHA1 and RSASHA1-NSEC3-SHA1. 

http://www.iana.org/assignments/dns-sec-alg-numbers

Please update your software.

Thanks,

Roy Arends
Nominet UK

PS. Though this seems a trivial change at some code-points, I do realize 
that folks need to test against (for instance) the example zone present in 
the appendix. I've attached the example zone in this mail. Feel free to 
ping me for additional test material or examples.



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 19 12:59:33 2008
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Date: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 21:50:09 +0100
From: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
To: Federico Lucifredi <flucifredi@ximian.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
Message-ID: <20080219205009.GB18061@outpost.ds9a.nl>
References: <20080218210425.GA27088@outpost.ds9a.nl> <47BA121E.8010507@ximian.com>
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On Mon, Feb 18, 2008 at 06:17:50PM -0500, Federico Lucifredi wrote:
> Found no substance corrections. Stylistically, I would suggest:
> 
> - replacing the term "fake data" with something more specific. In most 
> cases, something akin to "doctored resource records" would do.

Hmm, how about 'unoriginal data'? I see your point, but 'doctored resource
records' doesn't really do it for me either.

> - in 4.3, "several important documents". Suggesting the more specific 
> "two Best Current Practice documents".

Done.

> 
> - in 5, the first paragraph "a curious mathematical phenomenon means..." 
> can be rewritten as "a known probability problem, known as the birthday 
> paradox, describes the probability..."

Tricky, how about:

 The so called birthday paradox means that a group of 22 people suffices to
 have a more than even chance of having two or more members of the group
 share a birthday.
	  

> The document looks generally good. Nice job!

Thanks Federico!

	Bert

-- 
http://www.PowerDNS.com      Open source, database driven DNS Software 
http://netherlabs.nl              Open and Closed source services

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From: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
To: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
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On Mon, Feb 18, 2008 at 10:05:40PM +0000, Alex Bligh wrote:

> pseudo-random", whereas in other places I think you mean "arbitrary".
> For a trivial example, "random authoritative nameserver" in 1.1, but
> more perniciously "pick a random port" in the second para of 4.4 should be,
> I think, "use an arbitrary port" (whereas the next para is correct, I
> think).

Thanks for your keen eye on using 'random' vs 'arbitrary' - I've replaced
the two occurrences you found.

We are indeed a bit sloppy wrt 'random' and 'pseudo-random', but I don't
think adding 'pseudo-' in many places will improve things materially.

What do you think?

	Bert

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 19 14:02:43 2008
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bert hubert wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 18, 2008 at 06:17:50PM -0500, Federico Lucifredi wrote:
>> Found no substance corrections. Stylistically, I would suggest:
>>
>> - replacing the term "fake data" with something more specific. In most 
>> cases, something akin to "doctored resource records" would do.
> 
> Hmm, how about 'unoriginal data'? I see your point, but 'doctored resource
> records' doesn't really do it for me either.

I see what you mean. I wanted to convey that those are arbitrarily 
manipulated records... maybe "malicious records" ? or simply 
"manipulated records" ?

> 
>> - in 4.3, "several important documents". Suggesting the more specific 
>> "two Best Current Practice documents".
> 
> Done.
> 
>> - in 5, the first paragraph "a curious mathematical phenomenon means..." 
>> can be rewritten as "a known probability problem, known as the birthday 
>> paradox, describes the probability..."
> 
> Tricky, how about:
> 
>  The so called birthday paradox means that a group of 22 people suffices to
>  have a more than even chance of having two or more members of the group
>  share a birthday.

It is just the "means" part that is a bit odd. perhaps replacing it with 
"argues" ? "determines" would also work...

"The so called birthday paradox argues that a group of 22 people 
suffices to have a more than even chance of having two or more members 
of the group share a birthday."

> 	  
> 
>> The document looks generally good. Nice job!
> 
> Thanks Federico!

Thank you! -F

-- 

_________________________________________
-- "'Problem' is a bleak word for challenge" - Richard Fish
(Federico L. Lucifredi) - flucifredi@ximian.com


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 19 18:20:01 2008
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From: Yue Luo <yueluo@windows.microsoft.com>
To: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org"
	<namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Date: Tue, 19 Feb 2008 18:11:48 -0800
Subject: RE: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
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I am new to DNS and would appreciate any help with my question.
It seems that the draft assumes that once a record is cached it won't be ov=
erwritten until it has expired. I am wondering if this is a requirement in =
some RFC or a de facto custom that all implementation follows.

Thank you.
Yue


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org [mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.o=
rg] On Behalf Of bert hubert
Sent: Monday, February 18, 2008 1:04 PM
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft

Hi everybody,

I've just posted -02 of draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience, which has
received quite a bit of love and changes since -01.

Until it appears on the IETF site, please use
http://ds9a.nl/tmp/draft.html

A summary:

* Included Stub Resolvers (closing ticket 7)
* Added a 'security' section
* strictly made this draft apply to *implementations* that should have
  certain *abilities*. It is up to the operator to choose an implementation
  that does or does not support these abilities, and it is to the operator =
to
  choose if or not to turn on said abilities.
* added a *note* to the effect that lower TTL values in zones are easier to
  spoof - non-normative
* typos removed
* countermeasures rewritten heavily to be less specific about measures but
  more about results - no discussion on what 'random' means exactly, but fo=
cus
  on 'unpredictable'.
* some wording improvements (differences between resolver, nameserver etc)
* document now updates 1034 instead of confusingly claiming to update eithe=
r
  1034 or 1035
* added reference to TSIG/IPSEC rfc's as another way to secure
  communications

Click through http://adsl-xs4all.ds9a.nl/cgi-bin/resilience.fcgi/timeline t=
o
see the exct diffs.

It is suggested we do a final round of critical reading with limited and
focused changes before last call.

Kind regards,

Bert Hubert & Remco van Mook


--
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Yue Luo wrote:
| I am new to DNS and would appreciate any help with my question.
| It seems that the draft assumes that once a record is cached it won't
be overwritten until it has expired. I am wondering if this is a
requirement in some RFC or a de facto custom that all implementation
follows.

RFC 2181 section 5.4.1 describes what a server should do when
considering whether to accept an RRSet in a reply, or
retain an RRSet already in its cache instead.

So, sometimes it will stay in the cache, sometimes be overwritten.

Best regards,
~   Wouter
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 19 23:53:21 2008
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Subject: Re: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
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	<47BA121E.8010507@ximian.com> <20080219205009.GB18061@outpost.ds9a.nl>
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From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Wed, 20 Feb 2008 08:39:57 +0100
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* Federico Lucifredi:

> "The so called birthday paradox argues that a group of 22 people
> suffices to have a more than even chance of having two or more members
> of the group share a birthday."

Oh, and isn't the magic number 23? 8-)

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99

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From: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
To: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Cc: Federico Lucifredi <flucifredi@ximian.com>,
	namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
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References: <20080218210425.GA27088@outpost.ds9a.nl> <47BA121E.8010507@ximian.com> <20080219205009.GB18061@outpost.ds9a.nl> <47BB506E.5030401@ximian.com> <82wsp0oz3m.fsf@mid.bfk.de>
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On Wed, Feb 20, 2008 at 08:39:57AM +0100, Florian Weimer wrote:
> > "The so called birthday paradox argues that a group of 22 people
> > suffices to have a more than even chance of having two or more members
> > of the group share a birthday."
> 
> Oh, and isn't the magic number 23? 8-)

Correct :-)

-           The so called birthday paradox means that a group of 22 people
suffices to have a more than even chance 
+           The so called birthday paradox implies that a group of 23 people
suffices to have a more than even chance 

Done.

-- 
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 20 00:10:06 2008
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From: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
To: Yue Luo <yueluo@windows.microsoft.com>
Cc: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
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References: <20080218210425.GA27088@outpost.ds9a.nl> <7F2791CD3A148642AF9069A0336EDE853787E75A8E@NA-EXMSG-W602.wingroup.windeploy.ntdev.microsoft.com>
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On Tue, Feb 19, 2008 at 06:11:48PM -0800, Yue Luo wrote:
> It seems that the draft assumes that once a record is cached it won't be
> overwritten until it has expired. I am wondering if this is a requirement
> in some RFC or a de facto custom that all implementation follows.

The data can sometimes be refreshed, but it is not actively refreshed
usually. If an updated copy comes in however, it is generally not ignored.

	Bert

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 20 03:05:04 2008
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Date: Wed, 20 Feb 2008 10:56:15 +0000
From: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
Reply-To: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
To: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
Subject: Re: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
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Bert,

--On 19 February 2008 22:05:44 +0100 bert hubert 
<bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl> wrote:

> Thanks for your keen eye on using 'random' vs 'arbitrary' - I've replaced
> the two occurrences you found.
>
> We are indeed a bit sloppy wrt 'random' and 'pseudo-random', but I don't
> think adding 'pseudo-' in many places will improve things materially.
>
> What do you think?

I don't think the distinction between pseudo-random and random is useful
in general for this (perhaps you could even define random
to include 'pseudo-random' somewhere). The fact it's used in some places
and not others probably adds to confusion, as it creates a false
distinction (i.e. 'the authors have said random for X, but random or
pseudo-random for Y, does that mean my PRNG can't be used for X?').

The one type of reference you would want to avoid is saying something
like "the random number generator should be designed so one cannot
guess its output given [set of circumstances]". That is tautological
as by definition one cannot guess the output of a truly random
number generator under ANY set of circumstances. But even this flaw
would be avoided by defining random to include "the characteristics
of a pseudo-random number generator appropriate to the task
described" (or similar), which leaves room for the "appropriate"
to be defined by usage.

Alex

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 chair <ogud@ogud.com>
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Dear colleagues,

For a sleeping working group we have been quite active over the last 3 months.

I would like to clear out as many issues in the documents we have as possible
over the next few weeks. To make the face to face meeting we are having in
Philadelphia as productive as possible, I'm asking document editors to
take some actions.

Document editors:
         Please update your documents before the deadline on Monday if there
         are resolved issues.

         For unresolved issues write summary post to namedroppers to focus
         the discussion on the mailing list.


Send in agenda requests to me, so far I have: (alphabetical)
         AXFR-clarify
         AXFR-over-UDP
         DNAME-bis
         DNS-profile
         dnssec-update
         forgery-resilience

During the transition of IETF's web-site to a new contractor our new charter
got lost, the charter sent out on December 26'th to IETF-Announce is still our
charter not the one on the web site. Once the charter is restored I have asked
for the following milestones to be listed:
Feb 2008 RFC2536bis and RFC2539bis advanced to IESG.
Mar 2008 DNAMEbis advanced to IESG
Apr 2008 ENDS0bis advanced to IESG
Jun 2008 Forgery Resilience advanced to IESG
Jul 2008 AXFR-clarify advanced to IESG
Dec 2008 DNS-profile advanced to IESG

EDNS0 interoperabilty report: the WG needs a volunteer to write it so 
ENDS0 can be
advanced to Draft-Standard when ENDS0bis is issued as a RFC.

In my mind the following Proposed Standard documents that the WG has
produced are the ones that is most urgent to update/fix/advance so
I'm asking for volunteers to take on editing the following documents:
         RFC1995 IXFR-bis,
         RFC1996 NOtify-bis
         RFC2136 Dynamic Update-bis
         RFC2181 Clarify-bis
         RFC2308 NegCaching-bis
         RFC2845 TSIG-bis
The (unrealistic) goal is to have these and DNS-profile all done by
the end of the year.

On my plate I have finishing getting Unknown RR Types/RFC3597 advanced,
and resole the discusses on RFC29292bis.

         Olafur


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On Wed, Feb 20, 2008 at 10:04:26AM -0500,
 Ólafur Guðmundsson /DNSEXT chair <ogud@ogud.com> wrote 
 a message of 63 lines which said:

> In my mind the following Proposed Standard documents that the WG has
> produced are the ones that is most urgent to update/fix/advance so
> I'm asking for volunteers to take on editing the following
> documents:

Does anyone maintain a list of errata/issues/obscurities for these
documents somewhere?

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Use of SHA-2 algorithms with RSA in DNSKEY and RRSIG Resource Records for DNSSEC
	Author(s)       : J. Jansen
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-rsasha256-03.txt
	Pages           : 9
	Date            : 2008-02-16

This document describes how to produce RSA/SHA-256 and RSA/SHA-512
DNSKEY and RRSIG resource records for use in the Domain Name System
Security Extensions (DNSSEC, RFC 4033, RFC 4034, and RFC 4035).

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 20 09:43:36 2008
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From: Yue Luo <yueluo@windows.microsoft.com>
To: bert hubert <bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl>
CC: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 20 Feb 2008 09:39:10 -0800
Subject: RE: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
Thread-Topic: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft
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I am thinking about an attacker manufacturing a reply similar to section 6.=
2.7 in RFC 1034 in order to attack c.isi.edu.   What should the server do w=
ith the c.isi.edu A record in the answer?  Should the server put the record=
 into cache (and overwrite existing c.isi.edu A record if any)?

It seems that an implementation needs to be very careful when dealing with =
similar situations.  Otherwise, TTL is not effective in reducing the vulner=
ability window.  It would be very helpful if more discussion and guideline =
could be provided in the document.

Thank you.
Yue

-----Original Message-----
From: bert hubert [mailto:bert.hubert@netherlabs.nl]
Sent: Wednesday, February 20, 2008 12:02 AM
To: Yue Luo
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: notes accompanying -02 of forgery-resilience draft

On Tue, Feb 19, 2008 at 06:11:48PM -0800, Yue Luo wrote:
> It seems that the draft assumes that once a record is cached it won't be
> overwritten until it has expired. I am wondering if this is a requirement
> in some RFC or a de facto custom that all implementation follows.

The data can sometimes be refreshed, but it is not actively refreshed
usually. If an updated copy comes in however, it is generally not ignored.

        Bert

--
http://www.PowerDNS.com      Open source, database driven DNS Software
http://netherlabs.nl              Open and Closed source services


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 21 02:28:51 2008
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=C3=93lafur Gu=C3=B0mundsson /DNSEXT chair wrote:
>=20
> Document editors:
>         Please update your documents before the deadline on Monday if t=
here
>         are resolved issues.
>=20
>         For unresolved issues write summary post to namedroppers to foc=
us
>         the discussion on the mailing list.
>=20
>=20
> Send in agenda requests to me, so far I have: (alphabetical)
>         AXFR-clarify
>         AXFR-over-UDP
>         DNAME-bis
>         DNS-profile
>         dnssec-update
>         forgery-resilience
>=20

Well, I've submitted a new version of -rsa-sha256 last weekend. Open
issues on my end are the status of the new algorithms
(optional/mandatory), and I need to add a little text about nsec3 or
remove the references altogether. So a 15-second slot might be nice ;)

I've put up an html wdiff of -02 to -03 here by the way:

http://tjeb.nl/Publications/Current_Work/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-rsasha2=
56-wdiff-02-03.html

Jelte


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 21 02:29:23 2008
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Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2008 11:20:30 +0100
From: Stephane Bortzmeyer <bortzmeyer@nic.fr>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: Last Call: draft-ietf-dnsext-2929bis (Domain Name System (DNS)   IANA Considerations) to BCP
Message-ID: <20080221102030.GA28098@nic.fr>
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On Mon, Nov 19, 2007 at 10:48:11AM -0500,
 The IESG <iesg-secretary@ietf.org> wrote 
 a message of 24 lines which said:

> The IESG has received a request from the DNS Extensions WG (dnsext) to 
> consider the following document:
> 
> - 'Domain Name System (DNS) IANA Considerations '
>    <draft-ietf-dnsext-2929bis-06.txt> as a BCP
> 
> The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, 

Hmmm, did it really took more than two months for someone to raise
this:

https://datatracker.ietf.org/idtracker/draft-ietf-dnsext-2929bis/comment/77828/?

Date and Time:	2008-02-19, 12:57:25
Document:	draft-ietf-dnsext-2929bis
Version:	06
Commented by:	Russ Housley
Comment:  
  I am holding the discuss for IANA.

  The IANA considerations call for a maillist to be created at
  iana.org.
  I think we want it to be at ietf.org.  Please tell me why you think
  the one at IANA is preferred.

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Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2008 11:49:29 +0000
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Jelte Jansen wrote on 02/21/2008 10:18:13 AM:

> Open issues on my end are the status of the new algorithms
> (optional/mandatory), and I need to add a little text about nsec3 or
> remove the references altogether. So a 15-second slot might be nice ;)

What I would like to see is that support for RSA/SHA256 and RSA/SHA512 
DNSKEY's implies support for NSEC3-SHA1, so that we do not require new 
aliases to use these keys with NSEC3-SHA1.

Roy

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Measures for making DNS more resilient against forged answers
	Author(s)       : B. Hubert, R. van Mook
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-forgery-resilience-02.txt
	Pages           : 21
	Date            : 2008-02-18

The current Internet climate poses serious threats to the Domain Name
System.  In the interim period before the DNS protocol can be secured
more fully, measures can already be taken to harden the DNS to make
'spoofing' a recursing nameserver many orders of magnitude harder.

Even a cryptographically secured DNS benefits from having the ability
to discard bogus answers quickly, as this potentially saves large
amounts of computation.

By describing certain behaviour that has previously not been
standardised, this document sets out how to make the DNS more
resilient against accepting incorrect answers.  This document updates
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Update to DNAME Redirection in the DNS
	Author(s)       : S. Rose, W. Wijngaards
	Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-10.txt
	Pages           : 16
	Date            : 2008-02-22

The DNAME record provides redirection for a sub-tree of the domain
name tree in the DNS system.  That is, all names that end with a
particular suffix are redirected to another part of the DNS.  This is
an update to the original specification in RFC 2672, also aligning
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Feb 24 21:43:26 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: EDNS0 (RFC-2671) questions 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 18 Mar 2004 15:25:36 +0200."
             <200403181325.i2IDPake015440@burp.tkv.asdf.org> 
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sorry for the late reply.

> Date: Thu, 18 Mar 2004 15:25:36 +0200
> From: Markku Savela <msa@burp.tkv.asdf.org>
> To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> Subject: EDNS0 (RFC-2671) questions
> Sender: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> 
> 1) assuming I send query, which includes the OPT RR (to increase the
>    packet length). If I receive a reply with TC=1 (truncation) and
>    don't find OPT RR in the reply, then I assume the RCODE is the
>    non-extended one?

yes.

>   [Just verifying, that I can trust all implementations do it right:
>   if they build an answer and run out of space before inserting the
>   OPT RR, they also fall back to old plain RCODE?]

i don't know if all implementations do this right.  but your interpretation
is correct, in the opinion of the author.  i will add the following text
to EDNS0-bis to cover this case.

.LP
5.4. If EDNS is used in a request, and the response arrives with TC set and
with no EDNS OPT RR, a requestor should assume that truncation prevented the
OPT RR from being appended by the responder, and further, that EDNS is not
used in the response.  Correspondingly, an EDNS responder who cannot fit all
necessary elements (including an OPT RR) into a response, should respond with
a normal (unextended) DNS response, possibly setting TC if the response will
not fit in the unextended response message's 512-octet size.

> This extended-RCODE makes it somewhat akward, to find RCODE, you have
> to traverse through all data in Question, Answer and Authority
> sections, then look OPT RR from Additional section. Doable, but still
> icky, just to get few extra bits of RCODE that are rarely used. Would
> have been easier if there was single RCODE value in fixed header to
> indicate that extended RCODE is in use.

yes, it would have been better, you're right.

> 2) Can UDP payload size be < 512?
> 
> I didn't see any mention of it. Maybe I missed it. I think RFC should
> state that attempting to use less than 512 is not allowed (and will be
> ignored). [If < 512 is accepted, there might be some DOS potential in
> it also]

agreed.  i've added two sentences to EDNS0-bis to cover this case.

.LP
4.5. The sender's UDP payload size (which OPT stores in the RR CLASS
field) is the number of octets of the largest UDP payload that can be
reassembled and delivered in the sender's network stack.  Note that path
MTU, with or without fragmentation, may be smaller than this.  Values lower
than 512 are undefined, and may be treated as format errors, or may be
treated as equal to 512, at the implementor's discretion.

thank you VERY much for your review, your observations, and your suggestions.

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thanks again for this.  all of your recommendations will appear in edns0bis=
-00.

re:

> From: Alfred =3D?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=3D?=3D <ah@tr-sys.de>
> Subject: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00 (fwd)
> To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> Date: Tue, 1 Jan 2008 09:06:59 +0100 (MEZ)
> X-Mailer: ELM [$Revision: 1.17.214.3 $]
> Sender: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
>=20
> [ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by
>    a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.=20=20
>    With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore=20
>    delete relevant posts by non-subscribers.=20
>    Please fix your subscription addresses. ]
>=20
> ----- Forwarded message from Alfred H=CEnes -----
>=20
> From A.Hoenes@TR-Sys.de Sat Dec 29 15:53:25 MEZ 2007
> Received: from ZEUS.TR-Sys.de by w. with ESMTP ($Revision: 1.37.109.26 $/=
16.3)
>       id AA190880004; Sat, 29 Dec 2007 15:53:24 +0100
> Return-Path: <A.Hoenes@TR-Sys.de>
> Received: (from ah@localhost) by z.TR-Sys.de (8.9.3 (PHNE_25183)/8.7.3)
>       id PAA20672; Sat, 29 Dec 2007 15:53:23 +0100 (MEZ)
> From: Alfred H=CEnes <ah@TR-Sys.de>
> To: vixie@isc.org
> Message-Id: <200712291453.PAA20672@TR-Sys.de>
> Date: Sat, 29 Dec 2007 15:53:22 +0100 (MEZ)
> Subject: draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00
>=20
> Hello,
> after studying the recently published Internet-Draft authored by you,
>           draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00,
> I'd like to submit a few comments.
>=20
> The items below are presented in textual order.
> Occasionally, to give more context, I quote larger blocks of
> text literally and show the replacement proposed using the
> shorthand notation:
>=20
>    <original draft text>
> ---
>    <modified text>
>=20
> I also sometimes use change bars ('|' in column 1) and up/down
> pointing marker lines ('^^^'/'vvv') to emphasize the location
> of textual issues, proposed corrections, or new text.
> Modified or proposed new text has been (re-)adjusted to match
> RFC formatting rules, where appropriate.
> I also try to accomodate published RFC-Ed policy on style and
> punctuation etc. in my proposals.
>=20
>=20
> (1)  Document Metadata and purpose
>=20
> The draft name seems to indicate that this draft is intended as
> a replacement for RFC 2671, but that is not stated explicitely.
>=20
> Also, other parts of the draft look like a hybrid of an update to,
> and a full replacement for, RFC 2671.  I strongly recommend to
> build an unambiguous, self-contained replacement that will fully
> obsolete RFC 2671.  All other solutions would certainly be a
> never ending source of confusion.
>=20
> (BTW: RFC 2821 once has incorporated the SMTP extension mechanism,
>  ESMTP, into the updated SMTP specifiation, and the 2821bis draft
>  continues this way.
>  This conforms to the protocol design principle accepted in the
>  IETF, that the basic specification of a protocol that is envisioned
>  to be extended in various ways should always already describe and
>  standardize the purposely crafted extensibility mechanisms needed
>  to this end, to ensure interoperability with future extensions.
>  Thus, it certainly would be very useful to incorporate the EDNS
>  mechanism into an updated basic DNS protocol specification (which
>  would be welcome for many more reasons anyway), but such effort is
>  probably far out of scope currently.)
>=20
> I suggest to add (in common style) to the document heading:
>=20
> | Intended Status: Standards Track
> | Obsoletes: 2671 (if approved)
>=20
>=20
> (2)  Section 1
>=20
> In line with item (1) above, I suggest to add a paragraph to
> Section 1 (e.g., at the beginning of 1.2.) that introduces RFC 2671
> and clarifies the relationship of this draft to it, for instance:
>=20
>  1.2.
> |  [RFC2671] originally has proposed extensions to the basic DNS
> |  protocol to overcome these deficiencies.  This memo refines that
> |  specification and obsoletes RFC 2671.
>=20
>    Unextended agents ...
>=20
>=20
> (3)  Section 2 and Section 3
>=20
> IMHO, the draft is not explicit enough in stating its role in
> specifying the extensions / affected protocol elements.
>=20
> Also, as I understand the structure of the draft, Section 2 is
> intended as descriptive text, and the subsequent sections contain
> the normative text.
>=20
> I suggest to add, at the end of Section 2.1, a statement indicating
> the action performed by this memo, for instance:
>=20
> |  The OPT pseudo-RR specified in Section 4 contains subfields that
> |  carry a bit field extension of the RCODE field and additional flag
> |  bits, respectively; for details see Section 4.6 below.
>=20
> W.r.t. Section 2.2, Section 7 contains the statement:
>    This document assigns label type 0b01xxxxxx as "EDNS Extended Label
>    Type."  We request that IANA record this assignment.
>=20
> Hence, in Section 2.2 it should be made explicit that this memo
> reinforces the allocation made in Section 3 of RFC 2671.
>=20
> Preferably, the text in Section 3 should only contain precise
> normative content.  The current text in Section 3 is only a review
> of the legacy, which should be appended to (or merged into) the
> current text of Section 2.2.  This should be followed by a short
> preview/description of what this memo does w.r.t. label types.
> For instance, add to the end of 2.2:
>=20
> |  Section 3 of this document reserves DNS labels with a first octet
> |  in the range of 64-127 decimal (label type 01) for future
> |  standardization of Extended DNS Labels.
>=20
> Similarly, in Section 2.3 the action of the memo should be made
> explicit.  For instance, add to the end of 2.3:
>=20
> |  To this end, the OPT pseudo-RR specified in Section 4 contains a
> |  maximum payload size field; for details see Section 4.5 below.
>=20
>=20
> (4)  Section 3
>=20
> As stated above, I strongly recommend to only place normative text
> (and/or 'meta-normative' text, if you like) into Section 3.
> This text should be self-contained; the reader should not need the
> descriptive/informative sections to understand/implement the
> specification.
>=20
> For instance, the new text for Section 3 could be:
>=20
> |  The first octet in the on-the-wire representation of a DNS label
> |  specifies the label type; the basic DNS specification [RFC1035]
> |  dedicates the two most significant bits of that octet for this
> |  purpose.
> |
> |  This document reserves DNS label type 0b01 for use as an indication
> |  for Extended Label Types.  A specific extended label type is selected
> |  by the 6 least significant bits of the first octet.  Thus, Extended
> |  Label Types are indicated by the values 64-127 (0b01xxxxxx) in the
> |  first octet of the label.
> |
> |  Allocations from this range are to be made for IETF documents fully
> |  describing the syntax and semantics as well as the applicability of
> |  the particular Extended Label Type.
> |
> |  This document does not describe any specific Extended Label Type.
>=20
> Note:
>  Some details, like the word 'reserves' in the second paragraph above
>  (vs. 'allocates'), and the allocation policy indicated in the 3rd
>  paragraph, will need to be discussed.
>=20
>=20
> (5)  Section 4.3
>=20
> To improve the readability of the specification, I strongly recommend to
> explicitely state the numeical value of the RR type already allocated
> for the OPT pseudo-RR.
>=20
> Thus, please change:
>=20
>    Field Name   Field Type     Description
>    ------------------------------------------------------
>    NAME         domain name    empty (root domain)
> |  TYPE         u_int16_t      OPT
>    [...]
> ---
>    Field Name   Field Type     Description
>    ------------------------------------------------------
>    NAME         domain name    empty (root domain)
> |  TYPE         u_int16_t      OPT (41)
>    [...]
>                                   ^^^^^
>=20
> (6)  Section 4.4
>=20
> In the artwork in Section 4.4, there are no single-octet fields;
> Thus, the headline indicating byte offsets should be improved upon
> for added clarity.  I suggest to change:
>=20
>                  +0 (MSB)                            +1 (LSB)
>       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
>    0: |            [...]
> ---   v                               v                               v
> |     :          +0 (MSB)             :              +1 (LSB)         :
>       +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
>    0: |            [...]
>=20
>=20
>=20
> (7)  Section 4.6
>=20
> Note:
>  This change recommended in item (6) above is not needed so much
>  for the artwork in Section 4.6, but for the sake of uniformity,
>  it might be applied there as well.
>=20
> I suggest to *not* quote the decimal representation of numerical field
> values in the text, to distinguish these from literal text constants.
> (The text also is inconsistent in using <"> and <''> for this purpose.)
> Thereby, the single occurrence of a violaton of 'rational quoting'
> in the text will be nullified as well.
>=20
> Thus, I suggest to change:
>=20
>    EXTENDED-RCODE  Forms upper 8 bits of extended 12-bit RCODE.  Note
> |                  that EXTENDED-RCODE value "0" indicates that an
>                                              ^ ^      v v         v  v
> |                  unextended RCODE is in use (values "0" through "15").
> ---
>    EXTENDED-RCODE  Forms upper 8 bits of extended 12-bit RCODE.  Note
> |                  that EXTENDED-RCODE value 0 indicates that an
> |                  unextended RCODE is in use (values 0 through 15).
>=20
> and:
>=20
>    VERSION         Indicates the implementation level of whoever sets it.
>                    Full conformance with this specification is indicated
> |                  by version ``0.''  Requestors are encouraged to set
>                               ^^ ^^^
>                    this to the lowest implemented level capable of
>                    expressing a transaction, [...]
> ---
>    VERSION         Indicates the implementation level of whoever sets it.
>                    Full conformance with this specification is indicated
> |                  by version 0.  Requestors are encouraged to set this
>                    to the lowest implemented level capable of expressing
>                    a transaction, [...]
>=20
>=20
> (8)  Section 7
>=20
> Neither RFC 2929 nor I-D 2929bis cover the EDNS sub-registries
> rooted in RFC 2671:
>=20
>    "EDNS Extended Label Type"
>    "EDNS Option Codes"
>    "EDNS Version Numbers"
>=20
> Thus, the draft should advise IANA to 're-parent' those sub-registries
> to this memo, and it should contain full IANA considerations for all
> three sub-registries, including allocation policy statements,
> in conformance with BCP 26, RFC 2424.
>=20
> Also, I recommend to more clearly and uniformly state the specific
> sub-registry addressed in all allocation statements, for the ease of
> readers less experienced with DNS details (including IANA staff).
>=20
>=20
> (9)  Section 9
>=20
> I suggest to use the common punctuation style, in conformance with
> contemporary RFC author guides.
>=20
> For instance, change:
>=20
> |  [RFC1035]    P. Mockapetris, ``Domain Names - Implementation and
> |               Specification,'' RFC 1035, USC/Information Sciences
> |               Institute, November 1987.
> ---
> |  [RFC1035]    P. Mockapetris, "Domain Names - Implementation and
> |               Specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.
>=20
>=20
> |  [RFC2119]    S. Bradner, ``Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
> |               Requirement Levels,'' RFC 2119, Harvard University, March
>                 1997.
> ---
> |  [RFC2119]    S. Bradner, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
> |               Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
>=20
> etc. ...
>=20
>=20
> Best regards,
> and my best wishes for the New Year,
>   Alfred H=CEnes.
>=20
> --
>=20
> +------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
> | TR-Sys Alfred Hoenes   |  Alfred Hoenes   Dipl.-Math., Dipl.-Phys.  |
> | Gerlinger Strasse 12   |  Phone: (+49)7156/9635-0, Fax: -18         |
> | D-71254  Ditzingen     |  E-Mail:  ah@TR-Sys.de                     |
> +------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
>=20
>=20
> ----- End of forwarded message from Alfred H=CEnes -----
>=20
>=20
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 25 12:00:38 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: edns0-bis submitted
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the -00 draft was submitted to internet-drafts@ietf.org last night but has
not shown up yet (presumably the secretariat is busy).  a courtesy copy can
be read at

http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Feb 25 12:13:06 2008
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From: Sam Weiler <weiler@tislabs.com>
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Subject: Re: Last Call: draft-ietf-dnsext-2929bis (Domain Name System  (DNS)
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>> This draft does not address at least one issue raised in WGLC.  It also 
>> contains substantial changes made after the close of WGLC that have 
>> received too little attention from the WG.  Accordingly, I continue to 
>> oppose publication of this document[1].  I suggest that the IESG refer it 
>> back to the WG and, once a new document is advanced, issue a new IETF last 
>> call.
>
> Sam,
> most of the changes are results of the allocation experiment that was 
> conducted. The working group was fully aware of them and the changes made to
> the document see:
> http://psg.com/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2007/msg00190.html

While it may well the be case that MOST of the changes resulted from 
the experiment and were called out to the WG, the change I cited (re: 
creating IANA registries using templates) was neither a result of the 
experiment (having been made before the experiment), nor called out.

As for the WG being "fully aware" of the changes resulting from the 
experiment, I note that between the end of WGLC in November 2006 and 
the start of IETF last call a year later (which included the time of 
the experiment), the namedroppers list appears to have seen fourteen 
posts about 2929bis.  The post-experiment discussion of these changes 
was minimal at best.

>> And an example of one of the changes that I think has received too little 
>> review:
>> 
>> The document allows templates to create IANA registries.  Is that 
>> altogether desirable?  Has the expert been given enough guidance to review 
>> such requests?
>
> This is an excellent IETF wide question it is outside the DNSEXT
> WG expertize to judge this issue.
> At this point there is no specific guidance to the expert(s) on
> what to do in this case.

I'm glad you agree that it is an excellent question.  I suspect it's 
one of the things IANA plans to weigh in on.

-- Sam



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 26 09:53:47 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
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cc: dagon@cc.gatech.edu
Subject: dns-0x20.txt
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i think i've missed the cutoff for new -00 drafts, but, this is topical and
i'd like to discuss it anyway, even if it can't be on the philly agenda.

                                    Abstract

      The small (16-bit) size of the DNS transaction ID has made it a
      frequent target for forgery, with the unhappy result of many cache
      pollution events throughout Internet history.  Even with perfectly
      and unpredictably random transaction ID's, random and birthday
      attacks are still theoretically feasible.  This document describes a
      method by which an initiator can improve transaction identity using
      the 0x20 bit in DNS labels.  The method described here has already
      been implemented, and is running in production.

for more, go to <http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/dns-0x20.txt>.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 26 10:56:41 2008
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In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 26 Feb 2008 17:43:12 GMT."
             <69903.1204047792@sa.vix.com> 
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someone asked, why didn't we make this more general, and include the 
relationship between stub (libc) resolvers and full (caching) resolvers.
the reason is, that relationship more often than not has a hotel middlebox,
and we have no expectation that the question section in the response will
be a copy of the one in the request, and any attempt to use the 0x20 bits
in the question section as a covert channel from the stub resolver to itself
via the full resolver, would have to have a fallback plan.  the fallback
plan would be subject to downgrade attacks (similar to the cookie approach
that's been elsewhere proposed) and is thus not worth pursuing.

we are however at a shining moment in history with there are no authority
servers within range of my dns requests who do other than a bit for bit copy
of the question section, and thus, the proposal focuses on the relationship
between full (caching) resolvers and authority servers, where deployment is
safe and sane and can begin immediately, in parallel with the spec updates.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 26 11:11:13 2008
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--On 26 February 2008 17:43:12 +0000 Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com> wrote:

> for more, go to <http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/dns-0x20.txt>.

Very clever.

Alex

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 26 20:36:13 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: i'm thinking that EDNS0-bis is just not very sexy
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so far 9 people have fetched the EDNS0-bis draft,
whereas 74 people have fetched the DNS-0x20 draft.

does this indicate a lack of interest in clarifying
EDNS0?  or that if we want EDNS0 reviewed, we should
hire a consultant?

those url's again are:

http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt
http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/dns-0x20.txt

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 26 21:44:34 2008
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Paul Vixie wrote:
> so far 9 people have fetched the EDNS0-bis draft,
> whereas 74 people have fetched the DNS-0x20 draft.
>
> does this indicate a lack of interest in clarifying
> EDNS0?  or that if we want EDNS0 reviewed, we should
> hire a consultant?
>   
Neither, I think. Rather, it reflects well on the thought that went into 
the document
and the prior input, with high expectations on the quality and relevance 
of the
resulting draft.

When  you expect something to be bad, you sniff it. But not when you expect
it to be fine. (Perverse, but true. Bad milk, spoiled meat, moldy cheese,
anything written by d**n **nder**n.)

I have reviewed the -bis draft, and see nothing wrong with it.

I am in favor of moving it forward to whatever the next step is towards
publication as an RFC.

Brian

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On 27 feb 2008, at 05.28, Paul Vixie wrote:

> so far 9 people have fetched the EDNS0-bis draft,

I think this document is good, and support it. I have specifically  
looked at sections 4.5.3, 4.5.4 and 5.4 as the "bootstrap" issues have  
been the ones that have created issues for me. This is much better.

    Patrik



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 26 22:13:51 2008
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At 4:28 +0000 2/27/08, Paul Vixie wrote:
>so far 9 people have fetched the EDNS0-bis draft,
>whereas 74 people have fetched the DNS-0x20 draft.
>
>does this indicate a lack of interest in clarifying
>EDNS0?  or that if we want EDNS0 reviewed, we should
>hire a consultant?

I find that, as an editor, you have to really push for discussion on 
a document.

I hadn't been aware of the EDNS0-bis.  Mostly because my "day job" is 
busier and the IETF has become background noise.

(That's why I said the previous AXFR doc wouldn't be updated until 
after the IETF meeting.  BTW - Thanks to those who sent off-list 
comments, I've been too busy to reply.  I will get back to the AXFR 
issue, but just not now.)

>
>those url's again are:
>
>http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt
>http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/dns-0x20.txt

Are either on the IETF site?
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 26 22:51:36 2008
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: i'm thinking that EDNS0-bis is just not very sexy 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 27 Feb 2008 14:07:30 +0800."
             <a06240800c3eaadd3b101@[192.168.101.143]> 
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> >those url's again are:
> >
> >http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt
> >http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/dns-0x20.txt
> 
> Are either on the IETF site?

the first was submitted before the -00 cutoff, but has not appeared.  indeed
i have heard no ack, no nak, nothing from the secretariat.  i cc'd olafur as
wg chair so that he would know when it was submitted ("i have witnesses").

the second was not submitted, since it was finished after the -00 cutoff date,
but i think it's topical, and timely, and ought to be discussed, in philly.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Feb 26 23:20:31 2008
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From: Phil Pennock <namedroppers+phil@spodhuis.org>
To: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: i'm thinking that EDNS0-bis is just not very sexy
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On 2008-02-27 at 04:28 +0000, Paul Vixie wrote:
> http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt

Apologies if this was covered, but I've checked archives and not found
mention of this.

What happened to the extended label type reservation of 0bxx111111 ?

If this is no longer reserved, shouldn't that withdrawal be noted in the
IANA considerations?

Regards,
-Phil

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 01:15:45 2008
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    so far 9 people have fetched the EDNS0-bis draft,
    whereas 74 people have fetched the DNS-0x20 draft.
    
The draft made the cut-off, so the numbers are incomparable.

	jaap

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 06:59:21 2008
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Paul Vixie wrote:
>                                     Abstract
> 
>       The small (16-bit) size of the DNS transaction ID has made it a
>       frequent target for forgery, with the unhappy result of many cache
>       pollution events throughout Internet history.

"Citation needed".  Although there have certainly been many publicized
cases of cache pollution over the years, I'm not aware of a single
case where that pollution was shown to have resulted from an ID
guessing attack.  Demonstrations of vulnerability, yes, but not actual
attacks.  If you know of any documented cases, please share them.

> 4.3. Much effort has been expended in trying to make the DNS transaction
> ID more random and less predictable.  Ultimately such efforts are
> hopeless since with only 16 bits to fight over, a determined attacker
> can use a purely random attack, or even a constant attack, and
> theoretically, eventually, statistically speaking, break through the
> requestor's defenses.

Saying that efforts to make the ID unpredictable are "hopeless" sounds
like there is no point in even trying, which is certainly not the
case.  Even with the technique you describe, the ID still needs to be
unpredictable, and for the 0x20 bits to bring any added benefit, they
need to be unpredictable, too.  How about replacing "hopeless" by
"insufficient"?
-- 
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 07:21:05 2008
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Paul Vixie wrote:
> http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt

Back in 2002, David Conrad pointed out some problems with the
interaction between EDNS0 and DNSSEC in

  <http://www.ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2002/msg01798.html>

It seems to me that this update fails to address those problems, and
may even make them them worse by explicitly allowing requestors to take
packet loss as an indication that a responder doesn't support EDNS0.
-- 
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi

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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: gson@araneus.fi (Andreas Gustafsson)
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
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> >                                     Abstract
> > 
> >       The small (16-bit) size of the DNS transaction ID has made it a
> >       frequent target for forgery, with the unhappy result of many cache
> >       pollution events throughout Internet history.
> 
> "Citation needed".  Although there have certainly been many publicized cases
> of cache pollution over the years, I'm not aware of a single case where that
> pollution was shown to have resulted from an ID guessing attack.
> Demonstrations of vulnerability, yes, but not actual attacks.  If you know
> of any documented cases, please share them.

if i did know of any, i probably couldn't talk about them.  so how about if
i change this text to say "...many cache pollution vulnerabilities
demonstrated..." since that was what i actually meant.

> > 4.3. Much effort has been expended in trying to make the DNS transaction
> > ID more random and less predictable.  Ultimately such efforts are
> > hopeless since with only 16 bits to fight over, a determined attacker
> > can use a purely random attack, or even a constant attack, and
> > theoretically, eventually, statistically speaking, break through the
> > requestor's defenses.
> 
> Saying that efforts to make the ID unpredictable are "hopeless" sounds
> like there is no point in even trying, which is certainly not the
> case.  Even with the technique you describe, the ID still needs to be
> unpredictable, and for the 0x20 bits to bring any added benefit, they
> need to be unpredictable, too.  How about replacing "hopeless" by
> "insufficient"?

done.  draft is updated at http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/dns-0x20.txt, and also
contains a change that was due to wouter@nlnetlabs, such that the tuple used
for matching incoming responses to outstanding requests is correctly limited
to the RCODE=0 or RCODE=3 case, and for OPCODE=0.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 13:01:43 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: i'm thinking that EDNS0-bis is just not very sexy 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 26 Feb 2008 23:14:42 PST."
             <20080227071442.GA77169@redoubt.spodhuis.org> 
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> > http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt
> 
> Apologies if this was covered, but I've checked archives and not found
> mention of this.
> 
> What happened to the extended label type reservation of 0bxx111111 ?

it was dependent on the extended label type reservation, which was removed.

> If this is no longer reserved, shouldn't that withdrawal be noted in the
> IANA considerations?

you're right, but moreso, we should tell IANA to delete the ELT registry.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 13:06:07 2008
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 27 Feb 2008 13:24:54 CST."
             <47C5B906.7090904@isc.org> 
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> I once proposed using a subset of UDP ports, per master.
> 
> That is, if you open (say) 64 ports, when speaking with master 1.2.3.4,
> you always use port[0], and 1.2.3.5 will always get port[1].  You can
> change the ports periodically.

in bind 9.5.0-beta i see an option called "querypool".  can you tell us
how that feature maps to your suggested port mapping/churning?

> This means that to discover all known ports (say, if you wanted to fake
> a master) you need to know what the port will be.  Since a given address
> always gets the same port, an attacker would need to have a lot of
> addresses to discover all ports.

as far as that goes, a full resolver would be harder to pollute if it randomly
chose an authority server each time, rather than sorting by RTT or always
using them in order.  and if that was a common implementation choice, then
zones would be "more secure" if they had more authority servers, since it
would be harder for an attacker to guess what server a response had to come
from.  that may be worth a separate I-D -- anybody see a problem with it?

> Additionally, why not just add this to EDNS0 as an option?  That is,
> make a huge number?  I'm not entirely certain the claim that request
> names are copied directly holds up to all devices.  An EDNS0 option
> would allow any length of additional ID space, and servers can remember
> who participates and who does not, to minimize delay and maximize trust.

this falls apart in the first millisecond after a downgrade attack, so, no.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 13:09:26 2008
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cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, david.conrad@icann.org
Subject: Re: edns0-bis submitted 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 27 Feb 2008 17:08:40 +0200."
             <18373.31992.915401.604818@guava.gson.org> 
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> > http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt
> 
> Back in 2002, David Conrad pointed out some problems with the
> interaction between EDNS0 and DNSSEC in
> 
>   <http://www.ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2002/msg01798.html>
> 
> It seems to me that this update fails to address those problems, and
> may even make them them worse by explicitly allowing requestors to take
> packet loss as an indication that a responder doesn't support EDNS0.

i don't think there is a fix for the problem david describes.  does anybody
have any suggestions, given that EDNS is deployed, and useful, and necessary,
and DNSSEC is not deployed, and may not be finished yet (see NSEC3 and DLV),
and the world is not exactly beating a path to DNSSEC's door?

"send diffs."

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 13:25:06 2008
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

I once proposed using a subset of UDP ports, per master.

That is, if you open (say) 64 ports, when speaking with master 1.2.3.4,
you always use port[0], and 1.2.3.5 will always get port[1].  You can
change the ports periodically.

This means that to discover all known ports (say, if you wanted to fake
a master) you need to know what the port will be.  Since a given address
always gets the same port, an attacker would need to have a lot of
addresses to discover all ports.

Additionally, why not just add this to EDNS0 as an option?  That is,
make a huge number?  I'm not entirely certain the claim that request
names are copied directly holds up to all devices.  An EDNS0 option
would allow any length of additional ID space, and servers can remember
who participates and who does not, to minimize delay and maximize trust.

- --Michael

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 13:31:23 2008
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I posted updated agenda that reflects all the requests that I have got
but one (still evaluating it).

	Olafur 


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 13:42:58 2008
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Paul Vixie wrote:
>>> http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt
>>>       
>> Back in 2002, David Conrad pointed out some problems with the
>> interaction between EDNS0 and DNSSEC in
>>
>>   <http://www.ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2002/msg01798.html>
>>
>> It seems to me that this update fails to address those problems, and
>> may even make them them worse by explicitly allowing requestors to take
>> packet loss as an indication that a responder doesn't support EDNS0.
>>     
>
> i don't think there is a fix for the problem david describes.  does anybody
> have any suggestions, given that EDNS is deployed, and useful, and necessary,
> and DNSSEC is not deployed, and may not be finished yet (see NSEC3 and DLV),
> and the world is not exactly beating a path to DNSSEC's door?
>
> "send diffs."
>   
Well, what about having some way to detect EDNS0 capability, via a 
non-EDNS0 query?

Rather than doing what effectively amounts to negative caching, do 
backwards-compatible forward probing.

Since servers supporting EDNS0 are much more likely to be running more 
recent code, and more likely
to update their code reasonably often (more than once a decade), a 
recommended future implementation "hack",
that allows signaling capabilities in the data itself, is one 
possibility that is definitely feasible and doesn't require
changes to the protocol proper, per se.

E.g. similar to the 'id.server CH txt "foo.bar"', something similar that 
says 'edns0.server CH txt "yes"'.

Thoughts?

Brian Dickson

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 13:43:43 2008
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Source of confusion, and possible lack of perceived interest:

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt

Same file name different content: http://tinyurl.com/yvnxlr

The new draft may not appear given the conflict in filename. I do not  
know exactly how the software/secretariat deals with this.


--Olaf



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 15:28:53 2008
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        david.conrad@icann.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: edns0-bis submitted 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 27 Feb 2008 17:33:01 -0000."
             <30604.1204133581@sa.vix.com> 
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> > > http://sa.vix.com/~vixie/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt
> > 
> > Back in 2002, David Conrad pointed out some problems with the
> > interaction between EDNS0 and DNSSEC in
> > 
> >   <http://www.ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2002/msg01798.ht
> ml>
> > 
> > It seems to me that this update fails to address those problems, and
> > may even make them them worse by explicitly allowing requestors to take
> > packet loss as an indication that a responder doesn't support EDNS0.
> 
> i don't think there is a fix for the problem david describes.  does anybody
> have any suggestions, given that EDNS is deployed, and useful, and necessary,
> and DNSSEC is not deployed, and may not be finished yet (see NSEC3 and DLV),
> and the world is not exactly beating a path to DNSSEC's door?

	You just don't take packet loss as a indication of no EDNS
	support.  A RFC 1034 nameserver should respond to EDNS
	packets.  One that doesn't is not RFC compliant.  RFC 1034
	had error codes for a reason.  They are supposed to be used.

	The only transitions allowed for packet loss should be.

		EDNS -> EDNS @512 (for broken firewalls)

	If a firewall is not going to allow EDNS though then it should be
	responding to the query with FORMERR.

	I'm tempted to say don't do any fallbacks on packet loss and
	just treat "packet loss" as "packet loss".

	Mark

> "send diffs."
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 16:05:39 2008
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Subject: Re: edns0-bis submitted
To: olaf@NLnetLabs.nl (Olaf Kolkman)
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Olaf writes:

> Source of confusion, and possible lack of perceived interest:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2671bis-edns0-00.txt

(updated 28 December)

Yup, thank you for the clarification(?). My original thought when I saw
Paul Vixie's message was "but I had that one month(s) ago". And also,
"how does Paul know how many times it has been fetched from the Internet 
Drafts mirrors, anyway?". Not to mention "I fetch them by ftp, dammit,
not http, like it or lump it".

-- 
Chris Thompson
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 16:23:14 2008
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Subject: RE: dns-0x20.txt 
Date: Wed, 27 Feb 2008 19:18:20 -0500
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From: "Eastlake III Donald-LDE008" <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com>
To: "Paul Vixie" <paul@vix.com>
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Hi,

I like the dns-0x20 idea although presumably in some cases, like
resolving a country code or resolving x69.us, it would add only two or
three bits.

If you are talking about my cookie proposal below (current draft at
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-eastlake-dnsext-cookies-03.txt
)
I'm not aware of any downgrade attack. Could you enlighten me?

Thanks,
Donald

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
[mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Paul Vixie
Sent: Tuesday, February 26, 2008 1:50 PM
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Cc: dagon@cc.gatech.edu
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt=20

...
via the full resolver, would have to have a fallback plan.  the fallback
plan would be subject to downgrade attacks (similar to the cookie
approach
that's been elsewhere proposed) and is thus not worth pursuing.

...

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Subject: RE: dns-0x20.txt
Date: Wed, 27 Feb 2008 19:20:13 -0500
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From: "Eastlake III Donald-LDE008" <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com>
To: "Michael Graff" <michael_graff@isc.org>
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Hi,

On using an EDNS0 option, please see my draft at
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-eastlake-dnsext-cookies-03.txt
.
For simplicity is proposes a fixed size but it would be trivial to make
it variable.

Thanks,
Donald

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
[mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Michael Graff
Sent: Wednesday, February 27, 2008 2:25 PM
To: Paul Vixie; namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt

...

Additionally, why not just add this to EDNS0 as an option?  That is,
make a huge number?  I'm not entirely certain the claim that request
names are copied directly holds up to all devices.  An EDNS0 option
would allow any length of additional ID space, and servers can remember
who participates and who does not, to minimize delay and maximize trust.

- --Michael


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 16:31:48 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: DNSEXT@IETF-71 Tue 13:00-15:00 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 27 Feb 2008 16:26:30 EST."
             <200802272126.m1RLQa5S070091@ogud.com> 
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> I posted updated agenda that reflects all the requests that I have got
> but one (still evaluating it).

note, i'll be in philly (on arin business) but i'm not signed up for ietf
since there's no "day pass" and i just won't pay $635 to attend a single WG
meeting.  therefore, look for me in the hotel's main bar area, at lunch time
on tuesday, after the DNSEXT meeting is over, if you think i'm wrongheaded
or misinformed about dns-0x20 or edns0-bis.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 16:49:46 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: Chris Thompson <cet1@cus.cam.ac.uk>
cc: olaf@NLnetLabs.nl (Olaf Kolkman), namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: edns0-bis submitted 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 27 Feb 2008 23:59:55 GMT."
             <E1JUWBn-00018L-4H@draco.cus.cam.ac.uk> 
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> Yup, thank you for the clarification(?). My original thought when I saw
> Paul Vixie's message was "but I had that one month(s) ago". And also,
> "how does Paul know how many times it has been fetched from the Internet 
> Drafts mirrors, anyway?". Not to mention "I fetch them by ftp, dammit,
> not http, like it or lump it".

olafur told me to resubmit it as a -00 before the -00 deadline so i did.

i'll change it to say -01 and submit it again.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 16:58:18 2008
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From: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 27 Feb 2008 19:18:20 EST."
             <3870C46029D1F945B1472F170D2D9790038E3F18@de01exm64.ds.mot.com> 
References: <69903.1204047792@sa.vix.com> <72809.1204051801@sa.vix.com>  <3870C46029D1F945B1472F170D2D9790038E3F18@de01exm64.ds.mot.com> 
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> If you are talking about my cookie proposal below (current draft at
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-eastlake-dnsext-cookies-03.txt)
> I'm not aware of any downgrade attack. Could you enlighten me?

i hadn't read that and wasn't aware of it, but it's similar to the idea i
was thinking of, which was first proposed by me during the work that led
up to the publication of RFC 2671.  basically, EDNS0 is susceptible to a
downgrade attack, and any cookie carried in an OPT RR is susceptible to
that downgrade attack.

if somebody is flooding you with answers that don't have an OPT RR, and
then injects a query that causes you to go upstream and you begin by probing
for EDNS0 by including an OPT RR in your upstream query, and then you open
up the hose that has the answer flood in it, and one of those answers has
the right port number and query ID in it, then you'll take it, because you
will think that the other end, that you're just now probing, doesn't speak
EDNS0.

i admit this is a slim window but then so is guessing somebody's PRNG state
and i think that if we're going to try to improve things, we should improve
them rather than just adding more of the same.  like for example DNSSEC.

* * *

marka has made the revolutionary (to me at least) proposal that once you've
heard EDNS0 from a responder, you should remember that you did, and you
should not be willing to believe that they've lost this capability.  i'm a
little worried about the cost of that state, and i'm a little worried about
timing it out in the case of an actual real-world server downgrade, but i'm
intrigued.

especially in light of brian's proposal that the probing be done prospectively
rather than opportunistically.  brian, please note, i wanted it done
opportunistically because it would result in zero extra packets once full
deployment was reached, but in light of subsequent events, i'd be willing to
say 100% is never going to be reached, and extra packets will therefore always
be with us, and so we might as well send them prospectively.

if we do what marka said and we do what brian said, then cookies can work,
assuming that the prospective probe packet is allowed to contain a random
string which must be echoed back exactly, so that only a congestion attack
can prevent the probe from succeeding.  (maybe the probe needs retries.)

what a hairball.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 17:33:40 2008
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Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 28 Feb 2008 00:54:11 -0000."
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> marka has made the revolutionary (to me at least) proposal that once you've
> heard EDNS0 from a responder, you should remember that you did, and you
> should not be willing to believe that they've lost this capability.  i'm a
> little worried about the cost of that state, and i'm a little worried about
> timing it out in the case of an actual real-world server downgrade, but i'm
> intrigued.

	I don't remember saying that.

	EDNS has been on standards track for 9+ years now.  It takes
	less than a day to add EDNS support to a nameserver.  There
	really is no excuse anymore for any vendor shipping a DNS
	server that doesn't respond to EDNS queries using EDNS.

	If you have a DNS server, however old, that drops EDNS
	queries then you should ship a fix.  The server is BROKEN
	and the rest of us are feed up with working around broken
	implementations.
	
	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 28 Feb 2008 12:26:50 +1100."
             <200802280126.m1S1Qo8c053431@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
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> 	EDNS has been on standards track for 9+ years now.  It takes
> 	less than a day to add EDNS support to a nameserver.  There
> 	really is no excuse anymore for any vendor shipping a DNS
> 	server that doesn't respond to EDNS queries using EDNS.
> 
> 	If you have a DNS server, however old, that drops EDNS
> 	queries then you should ship a fix.  The server is BROKEN
> 	and the rest of us are feed up with working around broken
> 	implementations.

"send diffs."

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From: Evan Hunt <Evan_Hunt@isc.org>
To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Cc: Paul Vixie <Paul_Vixie@isc.org>, Andreas Gustafsson <gson@araneus.fi>,
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> i don't think there is a fix for the problem david describes.

The problem he describes--part of it, anyway--is that an RCODE of
SERVFAIL, FORMERR or NOTIMPL is ambiguous; it might mean "What is
this 'EDNS0' of which you speak?" or it might mean some other stuff.

However, section 5.1 of the draft says including an OPT RR in a
message unambiguously declares that the server *does* grok EDNS0.

So, tie them together:  A responder MUST include an OPT RR in any
message to an EDNS0 requestor, even if the message is a SERVFAIL,
NOTIMPL, or FORMERR.  No more ambiguity; if the OPT is there, that
means the error was *not* related to a lack of EDNS0 support.

(For all I know that may already be SOP among server implementations;
it seems worth specifying anyway.)

--
Evan Hunt -- evan_hunt@isc.org
Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 19:00:10 2008
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Subject: Re: edns0-bis submitted 
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> 
> > i don't think there is a fix for the problem david describes.
> 
> The problem he describes--part of it, anyway--is that an RCODE of
> SERVFAIL, FORMERR or NOTIMPL is ambiguous; it might mean "What is
> this 'EDNS0' of which you speak?" or it might mean some other stuff.

	SERVFAIL is query dependent.

	FORMERR/NOTIMPL is server dependent.

> However, section 5.1 of the draft says including an OPT RR in a
> message unambiguously declares that the server *does* grok EDNS0.
> 
> So, tie them together:  A responder MUST include an OPT RR in any
> message to an EDNS0 requestor, even if the message is a SERVFAIL,
> NOTIMPL, or FORMERR.  No more ambiguity; if the OPT is there, that
> means the error was *not* related to a lack of EDNS0 support.
> 
> (For all I know that may already be SOP among server implementations;
> it seems worth specifying anyway.)
> 
> --
> Evan Hunt -- evan_hunt@isc.org
> Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Feb 27 23:33:30 2008
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Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
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> > 	EDNS has been on standards track for 9+ years now.  It takes
> > 	less than a day to add EDNS support to a nameserver.  There
> > 	really is no excuse anymore for any vendor shipping a DNS
> > 	server that doesn't respond to EDNS queries using EDNS.
> > 
> > 	If you have a DNS server, however old, that drops EDNS
> > 	queries then you should ship a fix.  The server is BROKEN
> > 	and the rest of us are feed up with working around broken
> > 	implementations.
> 
> "send diffs."

   5.3. Responders who do not understand these protocol extensions
   are expected to send a response with RCODE NOTIMPL or FORMERR
   as per RFC 1034.  Firewalls that do not pass EDNS are expected
   to respond requests with FORMERR.

   5.4. Firewalls that see a UDP/EDNS request that indicates a UDP
   buffer size that is larger than the firewall's maximum DNS/UDP
   transmission size should respond to the EDNS request with
   RCODE=<TBA> and set the UDP size to the firewalls maximum DNS/UDP
   transmission size.
   
   5.5. There are firewalls that pass EDNS queries but fail to allow
   responses larger that 512 octets through.  A client MAY choose to
   treat a timeout out as indicating the a UDP buffer size of 512
   octets should be advertised in future requests.

   5.6. There are responder and firewalls that silently drop EDNS
   requests.  A client MAY choos to treat timeouts as indicating
   lack of EDNS support.  The client however MUST first attempt
   making EDNS requests with a UDP payload size of 512 if it makes
   this decision.

   5.7. A client MAY treat SERVFAIL as indicating lack of support
   for EDNS for this query only.

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 00:35:44 2008
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On Tue, Feb 19, 2008 at 10:22:23AM +1100,
 Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org> wrote 
 a message of 43 lines which said:

> 	This is the second time in recent weeks that a draft that
> 	should have been there was not.  Instead of draft I'm getting
> 	the expired boiler plate for the previous revision of the
> 	draft.  Something is systematically going wrong.

This has been reported to AMS ([rt.amsl.com #2282]) and they replied
the problem is now fixed (but the draft disappeared, it has to be
re-submitted).

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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Eastlake III Donald-LDE008 wrote:
| Hi,
|
| On using an EDNS0 option, please see my draft at
| http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-eastlake-dnsext-cookies-03.txt
| .
| For simplicity is proposes a fixed size but it would be trivial to make
| it variable.

I like the idea of using an EDNS0 option to contain random data.
Perhaps without a complicated hashing scheme (as you have), but simpler
(once you know the server speaks that option; you are guarded by the
server copying the option back to you; of course the occasional timeout
or reboot presents small windows of downgrade attack. State could be
stored on disk though.). Anyway, your proposal is nice.

Also the dns-0x20 draft breaks binary labels. Badly.
Binary data is garbled by the process. If this is deployed, binary
labels are no longer an option later on (as some upstream full resolver
may break the uppercase bit in the binary data).

DNSSEC, as it gets deployed, makes spoof protection mechanisms obsolete.
And DNSSEC is already deployed on some TLDs. Configuring keys is a much
more reliable way to prevent spoofing for them.

Best regards,
~   Wouter
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
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To: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
CC: Paul Vixie <Paul_Vixie@isc.org>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: edns-0
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Changed subject line.

Mark Andrews wrote:
|>> 	EDNS has been on standards track for 9+ years now.  It takes
|>> 	less than a day to add EDNS support to a nameserver.  There
|>> 	really is no excuse anymore for any vendor shipping a DNS
|>> 	server that doesn't respond to EDNS queries using EDNS.
|>>
|>> 	If you have a DNS server, however old, that drops EDNS
|>> 	queries then you should ship a fix.  The server is BROKEN
|>> 	and the rest of us are feed up with working around broken
|>> 	implementations.
|> "send diffs."
|
|    5.3. Responders who do not understand these protocol extensions
|    are expected to send a response with RCODE NOTIMPL or FORMERR
|    as per RFC 1034.  Firewalls that do not pass EDNS are expected
|    to respond requests with FORMERR.
|
|    5.4. Firewalls that see a UDP/EDNS request that indicates a UDP
|    buffer size that is larger than the firewall's maximum DNS/UDP
|    transmission size should respond to the EDNS request with
|    RCODE=<TBA> and set the UDP size to the firewalls maximum DNS/UDP
|    transmission size.

I like the text up to here. The remainder is not going in the draft.

|    5.5. There are firewalls that pass EDNS queries but fail to allow
|    responses larger that 512 octets through.  A client MAY choose to
|    treat a timeout out as indicating the a UDP buffer size of 512
|    octets should be advertised in future requests.

Firewalls that drop responses larger than 512 should send an errorcode.

|    5.6. There are responder and firewalls that silently drop EDNS
|    requests.  A client MAY choos to treat timeouts as indicating
|    lack of EDNS support.  The client however MUST first attempt
|    making EDNS requests with a UDP payload size of 512 if it makes
|    this decision.

Firewalls should not silently drop EDNS, but instead send the rcode.

|    5.7. A client MAY treat SERVFAIL as indicating lack of support
|    for EDNS for this query only.

I fail to see relevance of the statement. I suggest to remove it.

I agree with the 'packet loss is packet loss' statement earlier.
If some firewall drops packets, then there is packet loss. If the
firewall wanted to support DNS, it could send a DNS error.

Also, about the topic: every EDNS query gets an EDNS answer.
This is incorrect. Some queries with EDNS do not get EDNS in the answer.
For example: parsing fails on the server in the query section, result is
formerr with no EDNS OPT in the reply. There are many more cases (mostly
errors). A different query or trying later may return with EDNS.

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 02:26:52 2008
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Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
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On Feb 28, 2008, at 01:26, Mark Andrews wrote:

> 	If you have a DNS server, however old, that drops EDNS
> 	queries then you should ship a fix.  The server is BROKEN
> 	and the rest of us are feed up with working around broken
> 	implementations.

Mark, I agree that DNS stuff which doesn't support EDNS is broken.  
However there's no standards-track RFC that says "thou MUST implement  
ENDS" or "those that don't are broken". This was why Lawrence and I  
came up with draft-ietf-enum-edns0-00.txt. The prime motivation for  
that was to ensure handset manufacturers and the like put EDNS  
support in their ENUM-aware resolvers. Since there's currently no  
other IETF document that says they should do this, they won't add  
this to the handset firmware or whatever.

--
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 02:49:02 2008
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To: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@nlnetlabs.nl>
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: edns-0 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 28 Feb 2008 09:58:10 BST."
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> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> Changed subject line.
> 
> Mark Andrews wrote:
> |>> 	EDNS has been on standards track for 9+ years now.  It takes
> |>> 	less than a day to add EDNS support to a nameserver.  There
> |>> 	really is no excuse anymore for any vendor shipping a DNS
> |>> 	server that doesn't respond to EDNS queries using EDNS.
> |>>
> |>> 	If you have a DNS server, however old, that drops EDNS
> |>> 	queries then you should ship a fix.  The server is BROKEN
> |>> 	and the rest of us are feed up with working around broken
> |>> 	implementations.
> |> "send diffs."
> |
> |    5.3. Responders who do not understand these protocol extensions
> |    are expected to send a response with RCODE NOTIMPL or FORMERR
> |    as per RFC 1034.  Firewalls that do not pass EDNS are expected
> |    to respond requests with FORMERR.
> |
> |    5.4. Firewalls that see a UDP/EDNS request that indicates a UDP
> |    buffer size that is larger than the firewall's maximum DNS/UDP
> |    transmission size should respond to the EDNS request with
> |    RCODE=<TBA> and set the UDP size to the firewalls maximum DNS/UDP
> |    transmission size.
> 
> I like the text up to here. The remainder is not going in the draft.

	The aboves is what should happen.

> 
> |    5.5. There are firewalls that pass EDNS queries but fail to allow
> |    responses larger that 512 octets through.  A client MAY choose to
> |    treat a timeout out as indicating the a UDP buffer size of 512
> |    octets should be advertised in future requests.
> 
> Firewalls that drop responses larger than 512 should send an errorcode.

	This is to deal with what does happen.

> |    5.6. There are responder and firewalls that silently drop EDNS
> |    requests.  A client MAY choos to treat timeouts as indicating
> |    lack of EDNS support.  The client however MUST first attempt
> |    making EDNS requests with a UDP payload size of 512 if it makes
> |    this decision.
> 
> Firewalls should not silently drop EDNS, but instead send the rcode.

	Similarly this is to deal with what does happen.
> 
> |    5.7. A client MAY treat SERVFAIL as indicating lack of support
> |    for EDNS for this query only.
> 
> I fail to see relevance of the statement. I suggest to remove it.

	SERVFAIL is a catch all response.  A RFC 1034 server may still
	end up emitting this to a EDNS query ....

> I agree with the 'packet loss is packet loss' statement earlier.
> If some firewall drops packets, then there is packet loss. If the
> firewall wanted to support DNS, it could send a DNS error.
> 
> Also, about the topic: every EDNS query gets an EDNS answer.
> This is incorrect. Some queries with EDNS do not get EDNS in the answer.
> For example: parsing fails on the server in the query section, result is
> formerr with no EDNS OPT in the reply. There are many more cases (mostly
> errors). A different query or trying later may return with EDNS.

	If you parse the OPT record you should add it to the response.
	This allows FORMERR to signal that you don't understand something
	else.

	What we got wrong with EDNS is the rcode handling.  We
	shouldn't have pasted the bits together.  We should have
	just put the rcode in both places, for rcodes > 14 you would
	have a "extended rcode" indication (15) in the header.   We
	could fix this with EDNS1.
 
> Best regards,
> ~   Wouter
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-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 02:56:35 2008
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From: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
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> On Feb 28, 2008, at 01:26, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> > 	If you have a DNS server, however old, that drops EDNS
> > 	queries then you should ship a fix.  The server is BROKEN
> > 	and the rest of us are feed up with working around broken
> > 	implementations.
> 
> Mark, I agree that DNS stuff which doesn't support EDNS is broken.  
> However there's no standards-track RFC that says "thou MUST implement  
> ENDS" or "those that don't are broken". 

	I said "respond" not "talks EDNS".  RFC 1034 has FORMERR
	so the server can tell the client that it doesn't understand
	the request.  Servers that don't emit FORMERR when they
	don't understand the request are *broken*.

> This was why Lawrence and I  
> came up with draft-ietf-enum-edns0-00.txt. The prime motivation for  
> that was to ensure handset manufacturers and the like put EDNS  
> support in their ENUM-aware resolvers. Since there's currently no  
> other IETF document that says they should do this, they won't add  
> this to the handset firmware or whatever.
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 03:09:16 2008
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Subject: Re: edns-0
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Mark Andrews wrote:
|> 	The aboves is what should happen.

Agreed.

|> 	This is to deal with what does happen.
|> 	Similarly this is to deal with what does happen.

Yes, you're right. Those middleboxes are going to make the edns draft
very complicated. But it shouldn't break DNSSEC to deal with it.

|> 	SERVFAIL is a catch all response.  A RFC 1034 server may still
|> 	end up emitting this to a EDNS query ....

Yep. So that warrants some discussion about it; not sure what, 'an EDNS
query may elicit a SERVFAIL response from a non-EDNS server'?
Split up the text to describe some cases that show the server supports
EDNS (it is in the reply), that it doesn't (rcode NOTIMPL for one), and
inconclusive errors (like packet loss).

|> 	If you parse the OPT record you should add it to the response.
|> 	This allows FORMERR to signal that you don't understand something
|> 	else.

Good idea.

|> 	What we got wrong with EDNS is the rcode handling.  We
|> 	shouldn't have pasted the bits together.  We should have
|> 	just put the rcode in both places, for rcodes > 14 you would
|> 	have a "extended rcode" indication (15) in the header.   We
|> 	could fix this with EDNS1.

Yes it is a bother, and support for EDNS rcodes is lacking. But it is a
waste of 4 bits. Maybe define for every EDNS rcode a fallback rcode for
in the header? (i.e. FIREWALL_EDNS_SIZE_ERROR(NOTIMPL))

Best regards,
~   Wouter
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 03:10:34 2008
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From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>
cc: Mark Andrews <Mark_Andrews@isc.org>, Paul Vixie <Paul_Vixie@isc.org>,
        namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: edns-0
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On Thu, 28 Feb 2008, Wouter Wijngaards wrote:
> |    5.5. There are firewalls that pass EDNS queries but fail to allow
> |    responses larger that 512 octets through.  A client MAY choose to
> |    treat a timeout out as indicating the a UDP buffer size of 512
> |    octets should be advertised in future requests.
>
> Firewalls that drop responses larger than 512 should send an errorcode.

Which is better, in the grand scheme of things, firewalls which try to 
parse and validate DNS packets (and are always falling behind the DNS 
features that they should understand), or that firewalls that try to 
understand as little as possible about DNS packets?

I'd argue that trying to get firewalls to have more and more DNS 
parsing logic is sinking in a swamp.  No matter what we try to do, we 
sink down and down..

Wouldn't it better to a) just cope with firewalls (whether they do 
silent discard or not), or b) recommend they send back an ICMP error 
message?

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings

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Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Paul Vixie wrote:

|> This means that to discover all known ports (say, if you wanted to fake
|> a master) you need to know what the port will be.  Since a given address
|> always gets the same port, an attacker would need to have a lot of
|> addresses to discover all ports.
|
| as far as that goes, a full resolver would be harder to pollute if it
randomly
| chose an authority server each time, rather than sorting by RTT or always
| using them in order.  and if that was a common implementation choice, then
| zones would be "more secure" if they had more authority servers, since it
| would be harder for an attacker to guess what server a response had to
come
| from.  that may be worth a separate I-D -- anybody see a problem with it?

The next logical step is to ask all authority servers and only believe
an answer when you get confirmation.  It'll double the traffic, but DNS
isn't that much now, is it?  (1/2 :)

Or use DNSSEC.

- --Michael
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 09:43:35 2008
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To: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>
cc: Eastlake III Donald-LDE008 <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com>,
    Michael Graff <michael_graff@isc.org>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 28 Feb 2008 10:08:39 +0100."
             <47C67A17.4000407@nlnetlabs.nl> 
References: <69903.1204047792@sa.vix.com> <47C5B906.7090904@isc.org> <3870C46029D1F945B1472F170D2D9790038E3F1A@de01exm64.ds.mot.com>  <47C67A17.4000407@nlnetlabs.nl> 
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> Also the dns-0x20 draft breaks binary labels. Badly.
> Binary data is garbled by the process. If this is deployed, binary
> labels are no longer an option later on (as some upstream full resolver
> may break the uppercase bit in the binary data).

binary labels are already not usable.  case folding is universal.

> DNSSEC, as it gets deployed, makes spoof protection mechanisms obsolete.
> And DNSSEC is already deployed on some TLDs. Configuring keys is a much
> more reliable way to prevent spoofing for them.

agreed, but it's still years away (at a minimum) from universal deployment.

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 11:40:27 2008
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From:	 JINMEI Tatuya / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCP0BMQEMjOkgbKEI=?=
 <jinmei@wide.ad.jp>
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	 Eastlake III Donald-LDE008 <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com>,
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At Thu, 28 Feb 2008 17:33:11 +0000,
Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com> wrote:

> > Also the dns-0x20 draft breaks binary labels. Badly.
> > Binary data is garbled by the process. If this is deployed, binary
> > labels are no longer an option later on (as some upstream full resolver
> > may break the uppercase bit in the binary data).
> 
> binary labels are already not usable.  case folding is universal.

If this means RFC2673, I don't think dns-0x20 necessarily breaks it
because it uses separate bits to indicate the labels are binary.  We
can simply specify the 0x20 resolver MUST NOT modify binary labels.

---
JINMEI, Tatuya
Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.

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To: JINMEI Tatuya / =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRCP0BMQEMjOkgbKEI=?= <jinmei@wide.ad.jp>
cc: Wouter Wijngaards <wouter@NLnetLabs.nl>,
    Eastlake III Donald-LDE008 <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com>,
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> > binary labels are already not usable.  case folding is universal.
> 
> If this means RFC2673, I don't think dns-0x20 necessarily breaks it
> because it uses separate bits to indicate the labels are binary.  We
> can simply specify the 0x20 resolver MUST NOT modify binary labels.

i will add that note to the draft.  bitstring labels are dead, anyway,
but we ought to make sure there's an applicability statement for 0x20.

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[ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by
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Paul Vixie wrote on 02/26/2008 06:43:12 PM:

> This document describes a method by which an initiator can improve
> transaction identity using the 0x20 bit in DNS labels.

Clever!

Roy


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Feb 28 19:04:52 2008
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At Wed, 27 Feb 2008 13:24:54 -0600,
Michael Graff <michael_graff@isc.org> wrote:

> That is, if you open (say) 64 ports, when speaking with master 1.2.3.4,
> you always use port[0], and 1.2.3.5 will always get port[1].  You can
> change the ports periodically.
> 
> This means that to discover all known ports (say, if you wanted to fake
> a master) you need to know what the port will be.  Since a given address
> always gets the same port, an attacker would need to have a lot of
> addresses to discover all ports.

I suspect it's not that helpful, especially such a relatively small
number of ports as 64.  For example, a professional attacker
conducting a bot net would easily identify all the ports.  IPv6 may
make it even easier (since the attacker can validly send probe queries
from millions of source addresses from a single host).

---
JINMEI, Tatuya
Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.

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On 27-Feb-2008, at 19:54, Paul Vixie wrote:

> marka has made the revolutionary (to me at least) proposal that once  
> you've
> heard EDNS0 from a responder, you should remember that you did, and  
> you
> should not be willing to believe that they've lost this capability.

I'm worried about how you would determine that the responder was the  
same across subsequent queries sent to the same address and port.

Anycast servers provide meat for this concern. If the query frequency  
is very low, even routine server renumbering or system administration  
might provide some protein.

On the face of it, this proposal does not seem very robust.


Joe


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> > marka has made the revolutionary (to me at least) proposal that once
> > you've heard EDNS0 from a responder, you should remember that you did, and
> > you should not be willing to believe that they've lost this capability.
> 
> I'm worried about how you would determine that the responder was the  same
> across subsequent queries sent to the same address and port.

NSID?

> Anycast servers provide meat for this concern. If the query frequency is
> very low, even routine server renumbering or system administration might
> provide some protein.
> 
> On the face of it, this proposal does not seem very robust.

i agree.  however, we have in the past insisted that all authority servers for
a zone support the same level of dnssec.  could we not also insist that all
members of anycast clusters support the same level of edns?

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Feb 29 10:18:24 2008
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On 29-Feb-2008, at 12:57, Paul Vixie wrote:

>>> marka has made the revolutionary (to me at least) proposal that once
>>> you've heard EDNS0 from a responder, you should remember that you  
>>> did, and
>>> you should not be willing to believe that they've lost this  
>>> capability.
>>
>> I'm worried about how you would determine that the responder was  
>> the  same
>> across subsequent queries sent to the same address and port.
>
> NSID?

If we're talking green fields, sure, but I don't think it's reasonable  
to expect non-EDNS-capable servers to support NSID.

>> Anycast servers provide meat for this concern. If the query  
>> frequency is
>> very low, even routine server renumbering or system administration  
>> might
>> provide some protein.
>>
>> On the face of it, this proposal does not seem very robust.
>
> i agree.  however, we have in the past insisted that all authority  
> servers for
> a zone support the same level of dnssec.  could we not also insist  
> that all
> members of anycast clusters support the same level of edns?

EDNS is deployed, though, and DNSSEC (largely) is not, so the  
practical results of insisting might be very different.


Joe

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On 29-Feb-2008, at 12:57, Paul Vixie wrote:

>> I'm worried about how you would determine that the responder was  
>> the  same
>> across subsequent queries sent to the same address and port.
>
> NSID?

Oh, and NSID doesn't work, unless you have administrative control of  
all the servers you are talking to, and are able to ensure that the  
NSID data returned by individual servers is unique.


Joe


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From: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
To: Joe Abley <jabley@ca.afilias.info>
Cc: Paul Vixie <paul@vix.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt
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On Fri, Feb 29, 2008 at 01:18:22PM -0500, Joe Abley wrote:
> 
> On 29-Feb-2008, at 12:57, Paul Vixie wrote:
> 
> >>I'm worried about how you would determine that the responder was  
> >>the  same
> >>across subsequent queries sent to the same address and port.
> >
> >NSID?
> 
> Oh, and NSID doesn't work, unless you have administrative control of  
> all the servers you are talking to, and are able to ensure that the  
> NSID data returned by individual servers is unique.
> 
> 
> Joe


	I think paul is thinking of anycast as what he calls "owned"
	anycast, where a single org has the administreative control
	of all the servers...

	"unowned" anycast has no such restriction and then your 
	concerns are perfectly valid.

--bill

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Subject: RE: dns-0x20.txt 
Date: Fri, 29 Feb 2008 16:34:43 -0500
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From: "Eastlake III Donald-LDE008" <Donald.Eastlake@motorola.com>
To: "Paul Vixie" <paul@vix.com>
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Hi,

See below...

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org=20
> [mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Paul Vixie
> Sent: Wednesday, February 27, 2008 7:54 PM
> To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
> Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt=20
>=20
> > If you are talking about my cookie proposal below (current draft at
> >=20
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-eastlake-dnsext-cook
ies-03.txt)
> > I'm not aware of any downgrade attack. Could you enlighten me?
>=20
> i hadn't read that and wasn't aware of it, but it's similar=20
> to the idea i
> was thinking of, which was first proposed by me during the=20
> work that led
> up to the publication of RFC 2671.  basically, EDNS0 is=20
> susceptible to a
> downgrade attack, and any cookie carried in an OPT RR is=20
> susceptible to
> that downgrade attack.

That's not exactly true of my proposal. See further below.

> if somebody is flooding you with answers that don't have an=20
> OPT RR, and
> then injects a query that causes you to go upstream and you=20
> begin by probing
> for EDNS0 by including an OPT RR in your upstream query, and=20
> then you open
> up the hose that has the answer flood in it, and one of those=20
> answers has
> the right port number and query ID in it, then you'll take=20
> it, because you
> will think that the other end, that you're just now probing,=20
> doesn't speak
> EDNS0.

What you are talking about can reasonably be called a flaw, but it isn't
really what I understand as a "downgrade attack". The canonical example
of a downgrade attack is where you go through some protocol to set up a
secure connection but you forget to secure the initial negotiation over
what cryptographic algorithm to use. Thus an attacker can always force
you to use the weakest algorithm you will accept, that is, downgrade you
for all the rest of that session to a less secure cipher or whatever.

What you are talking about is a small window which might get some bad
data through but, with my proposal, this window does not occur on every
transaction but only occasionally (like maybe once a day) for a
particular respondent.

If you look at Section 5 of
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-eastlake-dnsext-cookies-03.txt
you would expect any initial DNS resolvers and servers shipped with this
Cookies mechanism to default to the Enabled mode. That way, as soon as
they complete one transaction with successful cookies, they latch into
Enforced mode as soft state for the particular server or resolver at the
other end. This doesn't last forever and they would fall back to Enabled
no later than the next time the local secret is reset.

Of course, if you know the other end supports cookies and are willing to
go to the effort, you can configure the resolver/server to always
Enforce cookies for that correspondent and you are then immune to the
attack suggested. (Well, 2**64 immune...)

Thanks,
Donald

> i admit this is a slim window but then so is guessing=20
> somebody's PRNG state
> and i think that if we're going to try to improve things, we=20
> should improve
> them rather than just adding more of the same.  like for=20
> example DNSSEC.
>=20
> * * *
>=20
> marka has made the revolutionary (to me at least) proposal=20
> that once you've
> heard EDNS0 from a responder, you should remember that you=20
> did, and you
> should not be willing to believe that they've lost this=20
> capability.  i'm a
> little worried about the cost of that state, and i'm a little=20
> worried about
> timing it out in the case of an actual real-world server=20
> downgrade, but i'm
> intrigued.
>=20
> especially in light of brian's proposal that the probing be=20
> done prospectively
> rather than opportunistically.  brian, please note, i wanted it done
> opportunistically because it would result in zero extra=20
> packets once full
> deployment was reached, but in light of subsequent events,=20
> i'd be willing to
> say 100% is never going to be reached, and extra packets will=20
> therefore always
> be with us, and so we might as well send them prospectively.
>=20
> if we do what marka said and we do what brian said, then=20
> cookies can work,
> assuming that the prospective probe packet is allowed to=20
> contain a random
> string which must be echoed back exactly, so that only a=20
> congestion attack
> can prevent the probe from succeeding.  (maybe the probe=20
> needs retries.)
>=20
> what a hairball.
>=20
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to=20
> namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
> archive: <http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/>

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To: Joe Abley <jabley@ca.afilias.info>
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Subject: Re: dns-0x20.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 29 Feb 2008 13:10:25 CDT."
             <91770DC3-8CDD-406E-95FE-DB2D2CA77FDF@ca.afilias.info> 
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> 
> On 29-Feb-2008, at 12:57, Paul Vixie wrote:
> 
> >>> marka has made the revolutionary (to me at least) proposal that once
> >>> you've heard EDNS0 from a responder, you should remember that you  
> >>> did, and
> >>> you should not be willing to believe that they've lost this  
> >>> capability.
> >>
> >> I'm worried about how you would determine that the responder was  
> >> the  same
> >> across subsequent queries sent to the same address and port.
> >
> > NSID?
> 
> If we're talking green fields, sure, but I don't think it's reasonable  
> to expect non-EDNS-capable servers to support NSID.
> 
> >> Anycast servers provide meat for this concern. If the query  
> >> frequency is
> >> very low, even routine server renumbering or system administration  
> >> might
> >> provide some protein.
> >>
> >> On the face of it, this proposal does not seem very robust.
> >
> > i agree.  however, we have in the past insisted that all authority  
> > servers for
> > a zone support the same level of dnssec.  could we not also insist  
> > that all
> > members of anycast clusters support the same level of edns?
> 
> EDNS is deployed, though, and DNSSEC (largely) is not, so the  
> practical results of insisting might be very different.

	It's been a implict requirement since EDNS was first
	published.
 
> Joe
> 
> --
> to unsubscribe send a message to namedroppers-request@ops.ietf.org with
> the word 'unsubscribe' in a single line as the message text body.
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-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: Mark_Andrews@isc.org

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