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From chimneysw21@rotulosaeroluz.com  Tue Dec  1 04:11:18 2009
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From copesfkzx9398@relais.com  Tue Dec  1 07:23:40 2009
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From wobbler39@roundtool.com  Tue Dec  1 10:50:55 2009
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Tue Dec  1 11:20:42 2009
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Does anyone know of DNS resolver software other than Google's new =
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Subject: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
Cc: Stephen  Kent <kent@bbn.com>
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Folks,

I am opposed to assigning algorithm identifier values to the GOST 
algorithms, until the WG has solved the alg ID space problem. I 
believe Paul Hoffman suggested this in Hiroshima.

My reasoning is that we need to provide a clear distinction between:

	- algorithms that are MUSTs, i.e.,  mandatory to implement in 
all DNS resolvers and zone signers

	- algorithms that are MAYs

Because we have limited space for algorithm IDs under the current 
design, I think it appropriate to agree upon a scheme that enables 
expansion of the ID space first, and then to assign IDs for these 
these two categories of algorithms.  One might choose to assign the 
two classes of algorithms to two different ID spaces, to reinforce 
this notion, although that may not be necessary.

If alg ID space were not in short supply, this would not be an issue. 
In other security protocol contexts with which I am familiar, we have 
usually avoided this thorny issue. This is because we have adopted 
alg ID schemes that have offer very large (essentially unlimited) 
space, e.g., OIDs. Unfortunately, this is not the case for DNSSEC, 
and thus I believe that it is prudent to proceed with caution.

Steve


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References: <F4C8292851A24ADD86798CC711EB375C@ics.forth.gr>
Date: Thu, 3 Dec 2009 09:58:44 -0800
Message-ID: <c07a32650912030958v22305e57g1a82fadc7d4647e3@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: [dnsext] Re: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
From: Erik van der Poel <erikv@google.com>
To: Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>, Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>, Vint Cerf <vint@google.com>, Sotiris Panaretou <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>, idna-update@alvestrand.no
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Vaggelis, thank you for raising this issue on the namedroppers list.

Namedroppers, I would like to clarify one item below.

On Thu, Dec 3, 2009 at 7:56 AM, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr> wrote:
> Recently, as a member of the discussion of the IDNABIS WG I tried to help
> resolving these issues by explaining them to that group. However that group
> is not free to completely re-design the IDNA protocol to something else but
> rather with small steps to reform it to something with fewer issues.
> Unfortunately, on this process, one of the changes that are implemented lead
> to even more names that have to be bundled together for each registrant.
> This makes it even more significant to break this chain of cost for the end
> user.

The IDNAbis WG drafts have not been published as RFCs yet. Currently,
the drafts make Final Sigma (Unicode U+03C2) PVALID, but this issue is
currently being discussed in the WG.

Erik


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From: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>
To: <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, "'Andrew Sullivan'" <ajs@shinkuro.com>, "'Olafur Gudmundsson'" <ogud@ogud.com>
Cc: <idna-update@alvestrand.no>, "'Sotiris Panaretou'" <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>, "'Vint Cerf'" <vint@google.com>
Subject: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Date: Thu, 3 Dec 2009 17:56:14 +0200
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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Dear Members of the DNSEXT WG,

 

My name is Vaggelis Segredakis and I am the Administrator of the Registry of
the .gr ccTLD.

 

Since 2005 the .gr registry has provided our registrants with the option to
register domain names in Greek characters, according to the IDNA2003
translation of IDN characters to Latin characters. Due to the design of this
protocol, it has been necessary for the registry to bundle domain names that
in Greek represent the same word but in the IDNA2003 the representation is
different PUNYCODE domain names. To reduce the cost of the use of these
domain names, the registry bundles them (with the use of DNAME) in the .gr
zone file. We strongly believe that the IDNA protocol should help to ease
the use of the domain names and not to present new obstacles to the end
users who should not be blamed if the domain name was typed in small or
capital letters. I do not wish to burden you with details but if you wish a
more elaborate analysis of the issues presented in the IDNA protocols for
domain names in Greek characters please refer to my presentations:

 

-http://www.icann.org/en/meetings/lisbon/presentation-idns-greece-27mar07.pd
f

-https://www.centr.org/main/5354-CTR/version/default/part/AttachmentData/dat
a/IGF2009%20-%20Segredakis%20IDNA2008%20a%20Protocol%20with%20shortcomings.p
df

 

Bundling these domain names with DNAME seemed like a good choice but there
is an issue that this way of bundling does not solve:

 

If you have the domain name xn-1234.gr and you bundle it with xn-5678.gr
everything is fine - if you try to visit www.xn--5678.gr; you will be
redirected to www.xn--1234.gr. The same applies if you use ns1.xn-1234.gr;
it equals to ns1.xn-5678.gr. However, if you try to email user1@xn--5678.gr
it will never arrive at user1@xn--1234.gr because this bundling starts from
the next level and thus xn-1234.gr<>xn-5678.gr. The source of the problem I
am going to ask you to resolve is there.

 

Recently, as a member of the discussion of the IDNABIS WG I tried to help
resolving these issues by explaining them to that group. However that group
is not free to completely re-design the IDNA protocol to something else but
rather with small steps to reform it to something with fewer issues.
Unfortunately, on this process, one of the changes that are implemented lead
to even more names that have to be bundled together for each registrant.
This makes it even more significant to break this chain of cost for the end
user.

 

 I ask you as a WG to either consider changing DNAME to include the first
layer and this way allow emails to be sent to user1@xn--5678.gr and to be
delivered to user1@xn--1234.gr or to present in DNS a new command that works
like DNAME with the upper layer included, let's call it xNAME for now. By
presenting this xNAME you will allow the registries to bundle domain names
in a consistent way that has full functionality for the end user who will be
able to receive emails, view web pages, FTP e.t.c. using domain names in his
language without having to adapt a new protocol. This should be an
undisputable right for all the users who do not use the Latin alphabet, the
same as it is for Latin alphabet users.

 

I will be happy to answer any questions you might have on my request. I
would be even happier if this revision of the DNS was to be presented along
with IDNA2008 adoption from the IETF so that the registries that really need
this bundling are ready to use these new protocols simultaneously for the
benefit of the end users.

 

Kind Regards,

 

Vaggelis Segredakis

Administrator of the .GR Top Level Domain

Institute of Computer Science

Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas

Tel. +30-281-0391450

Fax +30-281-0391451

Email segred@ics.forth.gr

 


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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Dear Members of the DNSEXT =
WG,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>My name is Vaggelis Segredakis and I am the
Administrator of the Registry of the .gr =
ccTLD.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Since 2005 the .gr registry has provided our
registrants with the option to register domain names in Greek =
characters,
according to the IDNA2003 translation of IDN characters to Latin =
characters. Due
to the design of this protocol, it has been necessary for the registry =
to
bundle domain names that in Greek represent the same word but in the =
IDNA2003 the
representation is different PUNYCODE domain names. To reduce the cost of =
the
use of these domain names, the registry bundles them (with the use of =
DNAME) in
the .gr zone file. We strongly believe that the IDNA protocol should =
help to
ease the use of the domain names and not to present new obstacles to the =
end
users who should not be blamed if the domain name was typed in small or =
capital
letters. I do not wish to burden you with details but if you wish a more
elaborate analysis of the issues presented in the IDNA protocols for =
domain
names in Greek characters please refer to my =
presentations:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-http://www.icann.org/en/meetings/lisbon/presen=
tation-idns-greece-27mar07.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-https://www.centr.org/main/5354-CTR/version/de=
fault/part/AttachmentData/data/IGF2009%20-%20Segredakis%20IDNA2008%20a%20=
Protocol%20with%20shortcomings.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Bundling these domain names with DNAME seemed =
like a
good choice but there is an issue that this way of bundling does not =
solve:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>If you have the domain name xn&#8212;1234.gr =
and you
bundle it with xn&#8212;5678.gr everything is fine - if you try to visit =
www.xn--5678.gr;
you will be redirected to www.xn--1234.gr. The same applies if you use =
ns1.xn&#8212;1234.gr;
it equals to ns1.xn&#8212;5678.gr. However, if you try to email =
user1@xn--5678.gr
it will never arrive at user1@xn--1234.gr because this bundling starts =
from the
next level and thus xn&#8212;1234.gr&lt;&gt;xn&#8212;5678.gr. The source =
of the
problem I am going to ask you to resolve is =
there&#8230;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Recently, as a member of the discussion of the =
IDNABIS
WG I tried to help resolving these issues by explaining them to that =
group. However
that group is not free to completely re-design the IDNA protocol to =
something
else but rather with small steps to reform it to something with fewer =
issues. Unfortunately,
on this process, one of the changes that are implemented lead to even =
more
names that have to be bundled together for each registrant. This makes =
it even
more significant to break this chain of cost for the end =
user.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;I ask you as a WG to either consider =
changing
DNAME to include the first layer and this way allow emails to be sent to =
user1@xn--5678.gr
and to be delivered to user1@xn--1234.gr or to present in DNS a new =
command
that works like DNAME with the upper layer included, let&#8217;s call it =
xNAME
for now. By presenting this xNAME you will allow the registries to =
bundle
domain names in a consistent way that has full functionality for the end =
user
who will be able to receive emails, view web pages, FTP e.t.c. using =
domain
names in his language without having to adapt a new protocol. This =
should be an
undisputable right for all the users who do not use the Latin alphabet, =
the
same as it is for Latin alphabet users.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>I will be happy to answer any questions you =
might
have on my request. I would be even happier if this revision of the DNS =
was to
be presented along with IDNA2008 adoption from the IETF so that the =
registries
that really need this bundling are ready to use these new protocols
simultaneously for the benefit of the end =
users.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Kind Regards,</span></font><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p=
>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
lang=3DEN-GB
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Vaggelis Segredakis</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Administrator of the .GR Top Level =
Domain</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Institute of Computer =
Science</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Foundation for Research and Technology - =
Hellas</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Tel. +30-281-0391450</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Fax +30-281-0391451</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Email segred@ics.forth.gr</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</body>

</html>

------=_NextPart_000_01B2_01CA7441.E889ED50--




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To: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
Cc: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
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> Does anyone know of DNS resolver software other than Google's new 
> recursive resolver service that uses a 1280B EDNS MTU?

I can't tell you what brand of server it is, but when I checked the EDNS0 
buffer sizes seen from clients of our authoritative servers 1280B was 
relatively common.

Admittedly it was only about 1.5% of the total EDNS0, but 2048B and 512B 
were about the same volume.  4096B was by far the most common, accounting 
for over 90% of EDNS0 packets.

What is notable is that almost all of those 1280B EDNS0 packets have DO=0.

Ray

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<tt><font size=2><br>
&gt; Does anyone know of DNS resolver software other than Google's new
<br>
&gt; recursive resolver service that uses a 1280B EDNS MTU?<br>
</font></tt>
<br><tt><font size=2>I can't tell you what brand of server it is, but when
I checked the EDNS0 buffer sizes seen from clients of our authoritative
servers 1280B was relatively common.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Admittedly it was only about 1.5% of the total EDNS0,
but 2048B and 512B were about the same volume. &nbsp;4096B was by far the
most common, accounting for over 90% of EDNS0 packets.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>What is notable is that almost all of those 1280B
EDNS0 packets have DO=0.</font></tt>
<br>
<br><tt><font size=2>Ray</font></tt>
<br>
--=_alternative 007B11D180257681_=--


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec  3 14:28:45 2009
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Date: Thu, 3 Dec 2009 16:24:52 -0600 (GMT-06:00)
From: "Jeffrey A. Williams" <jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com>
Reply-To: "Jeffrey A. Williams" <jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com>
To: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
Cc: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
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Stephen and all,

  Quite frankly it is my position and our practice sense
implimenting DNSSEC several years ago that limiting algorithms
in any fashion is unwise and can lead to less than adaquate
DNS security accordingly.

-----Original Message-----
>From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
>Sent: Dec 3, 2009 11:57 AM
>To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
>Cc: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
>Subject: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
>
>[ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by
>   a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.  
>   With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore 
>   delete relevant posts by non-subscribers. 
>   Please fix your subscription addresses. ]
>
>Folks,
>
>I am opposed to assigning algorithm identifier values to the GOST 
>algorithms, until the WG has solved the alg ID space problem. I 
>believe Paul Hoffman suggested this in Hiroshima.
>
>My reasoning is that we need to provide a clear distinction between:
>
>	- algorithms that are MUSTs, i.e.,  mandatory to implement in 
>all DNS resolvers and zone signers
>
>	- algorithms that are MAYs
>
>Because we have limited space for algorithm IDs under the current 
>design, I think it appropriate to agree upon a scheme that enables 
>expansion of the ID space first, and then to assign IDs for these 
>these two categories of algorithms.  One might choose to assign the 
>two classes of algorithms to two different ID spaces, to reinforce 
>this notion, although that may not be necessary.
>
>If alg ID space were not in short supply, this would not be an issue. 
>In other security protocol contexts with which I am familiar, we have 
>usually avoided this thorny issue. This is because we have adopted 
>alg ID schemes that have offer very large (essentially unlimited) 
>space, e.g., OIDs. Unfortunately, this is not the case for DNSSEC, 
>and thus I believe that it is prudent to proceed with caution.
>
>Steve
>

Regards,

Jeffrey A. Williams
Spokesman for INEGroup LLA. - (Over 294k members/stakeholders strong!)
"Obedience of the law is the greatest freedom" -
   Abraham Lincoln

"Credit should go with the performance of duty and not with what is very
often the accident of glory" - Theodore Roosevelt

"If the probability be called P; the injury, L; and the burden, B; liability
depends upon whether B is less than L multiplied by
P: i.e., whether B is less than PL."
United States v. Carroll Towing  (159 F.2d 169 [2d Cir. 1947]
===============================================================
Updated 1/26/04
CSO/DIR. Internet Network Eng. SR. Eng. Network data security IDNS. div. of
Information Network Eng.  INEG. INC.
ABA member in good standing member ID 01257402 E-Mail jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com
Phone: 214-244-4827



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec  3 14:56:54 2009
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Date: Thu, 3 Dec 2009 22:50:46 +0000 (UTC)
From: Duane Wessels <wessels@dns-oarc.net>
To: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
cc: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
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On Thu, 3 Dec 2009, Nicholas Weaver wrote:

> Does anyone know of DNS resolver software other than Google's new
> recursive resolver service that uses a 1280B EDNS MTU?  > > >

The Measurement Factory recently did a survey that measured the
advertised buffer size and the fpdns fingerprint.  For those with
1280 bytes fpdns reported one of:

    JHSOFT simple DNS plus
    Microsoft Windows DNS 2003
    No Match Found
    (timeout)

Duane W.


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To: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
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From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <p06240807c73cbf3b3b28@[10.1.3.12]> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 03 Dec 2009 12:57:19 CDT." <p06240807c73cbf3b3b28@[10.1.3.12]> 
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In message <p06240807c73cbf3b3b28@[10.1.3.12]>, Stephen Kent writes:
> [ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by
>    a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.  
>    With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore 
>    delete relevant posts by non-subscribers. 
>    Please fix your subscription addresses. ]
> 
> Folks,
> 
> I am opposed to assigning algorithm identifier values to the GOST 
> algorithms, until the WG has solved the alg ID space problem. I 
> believe Paul Hoffman suggested this in Hiroshima.
> 
> My reasoning is that we need to provide a clear distinction between:
> 
> 	- algorithms that are MUSTs, i.e.,  mandatory to implement in 
> all DNS resolvers and zone signers
> 
> 	- algorithms that are MAYs
> 
> Because we have limited space for algorithm IDs under the current 
> design, I think it appropriate to agree upon a scheme that enables 
> expansion of the ID space first, and then to assign IDs for these 
> these two categories of algorithms.  One might choose to assign the 
> two classes of algorithms to two different ID spaces, to reinforce 
> this notion, although that may not be necessary.
> 
> If alg ID space were not in short supply, this would not be an issue. 
> In other security protocol contexts with which I am familiar, we have 
> usually avoided this thorny issue. This is because we have adopted 
> alg ID schemes that have offer very large (essentially unlimited) 
> space, e.g., OIDs. Unfortunately, this is not the case for DNSSEC, 
> and thus I believe that it is prudent to proceed with caution.
> 
> Steve

The numeric id space really isn't limited to 256 values.  We just
havn't formalised how to encode those other values yet as there has
not been the need.  If/when we get to the point where we will need
to use those other values it will be straight forward to provide
them.  253 and 254 are examples of how this can be done.

Mark
 
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec  3 19:37:52 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
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On 2009-12-03, at 16:31, Nicholas Weaver wrote:

> Does anyone know of DNS resolver software other than Google's new =
recursive resolver service that uses a 1280B EDNS MTU?

I haven't done enough thinking about this, but perhaps 1280 bytes is a =
good number to choose if you want to provide DNS service over UDP/IPv6, =
since it avoids the need to keep state to fragment UDP packets out from =
the sending side (DNS server) to destinations (DNS client) whose path =
MTU is too small -- 1280 is required to work without fragmentation.

The reason this is more relevant to IPv6 than IPv4 is that in v4 the =
sending side doesn't keep state so long as the first outbound interface =
has a large enough MTU; the sending host expects intermediate routers to =
fragment if necessary.

It seems reasonable to imagine scenarios where a busy DNS server might =
run into resource problems if there was a large diversity of clients for =
whom a path MTU was required to be retained.

I have done no measurements that would tell me how well the 1280 MUST is =
observed in real networks.

I also don't know that Google intends to provide their DNS service over =
IPv6, but it seems plausible that they would keep their options open.

It has occurred to me that if this thinking has any merit, it might be =
worth writing up a BCP to document appropriate measures to take to avoid =
v6/UDP/path MTU state explosions on DNS servers.


Joe=


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU... 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 03 Dec 2009 22:31:04 CDT." <4F28ABE8-76BF-4073-8E9B-840784D5C83B@hopcount.ca> 
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In message <4F28ABE8-76BF-4073-8E9B-840784D5C83B@hopcount.ca>, Joe Abley writes
:
> On 2009-12-03, at 16:31, Nicholas Weaver wrote:
> 
> > Does anyone know of DNS resolver software other than Google's new =
> recursive resolver service that uses a 1280B EDNS MTU?
> 
> I haven't done enough thinking about this, but perhaps 1280 bytes is a =
> good number to choose if you want to provide DNS service over UDP/IPv6, =
> since it avoids the need to keep state to fragment UDP packets out from =
> the sending side (DNS server) to destinations (DNS client) whose path =
> MTU is too small -- 1280 is required to work without fragmentation.
> 
> The reason this is more relevant to IPv6 than IPv4 is that in v4 the =
> sending side doesn't keep state so long as the first outbound interface =
> has a large enough MTU; the sending host expects intermediate routers to =
> fragment if necessary.
> 
> It seems reasonable to imagine scenarios where a busy DNS server might =
> run into resource problems if there was a large diversity of clients for =
> whom a path MTU was required to be retained.
> 
> I have done no measurements that would tell me how well the 1280 MUST is =
> observed in real networks.
> 
> I also don't know that Google intends to provide their DNS service over =
> IPv6, but it seems plausible that they would keep their options open.
> 
> It has occurred to me that if this thinking has any merit, it might be =
> worth writing up a BCP to document appropriate measures to take to avoid =
> v6/UDP/path MTU state explosions on DNS servers.
>
> Joe

	IPV6_USE_MIN_MTU was added to the IPv6 Sockets API over a
	decade ago so that nameservers didn't need to keep PMTU
	state for every client.  If your nameserver doesn't use it
	complain.  If your OS doesn't support it complain.

	I suspect this will have more to do with limitations of the
	firewalls Google are using than anything else.

	Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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Stephen Kent wrote on 12/03/2009 06:57:19 PM:

> Folks,
>
> I am opposed to assigning algorithm identifier values to the GOST
> algorithms, until the WG has solved the alg ID space problem. I
> believe Paul Hoffman suggested this in Hiroshima.

It is my understanding that there is no Algorithm ID space problem.

> My reasoning is that we need to provide a clear distinction between:
>
>    - algorithms that are MUSTs, i.e.,  mandatory to implement in
> all DNS resolvers and zone signers

There isn't such a requirement at all. The "mandatory to implement" applies
solely to validators. The resolver just resolves. The server just serves.
To those entities, its garbage in, garbage out. It is definitely not
required to implement for zone signers.

>    - algorithms that are MAYs

The sole reason to have a MANDATORY for validators is to gracefully
consider a zone as unsigned if the parent indicates (by the algorithm field
in the DS record) that the child is using an algorithm that might not be
implemented everywhere. The alternative is that all algorithms have to be
implemented in order to prevent BOGUS state.

> Because we have limited space for algorithm IDs under the current
> design, I think it appropriate to agree upon a scheme that enables
> expansion of the ID space first, and then to assign IDs for these
> these two categories of algorithms.

There is a near unlimited space that allows for assigning algorithms by
allocating part of the signature field. That is standardized for Private
Algorithms (see RFC4034 A.1.1). That is trivially adoptable for any other
algorithm. This is not subtyping.

> One might choose to assign the
> two classes of algorithms to two different ID spaces, to reinforce
> this notion, although that may not be necessary.
>
> If alg ID space were not in short supply, this would not be an issue.
> In other security protocol contexts with which I am familiar, we have
> usually avoided this thorny issue. This is because we have adopted
> alg ID schemes that have offer very large (essentially unlimited)
> space, e.g., OIDs. Unfortunately, this is not the case for DNSSEC,
> and thus I believe that it is prudent to proceed with caution.

I think you may have been misinformed. I hope that this helped you to get
on the right track.

I suggest we allocate an arbitrary (yet unallocated) Algorithm ID to
indicate Extended Algorithm ID, and adopt the Private Algorithms scheme for
that, and have IANA open a registry. No rocket surgery here. This will take
a fraction of the time needed to exhaust the current space.

I'm dismayed that you seriously consider halting current work (GOST) in
order to solve a non-prudent problem. Why wasn't this a problem for recent
work (RSASHA2)?

Regards,

Roy Arends
Sr. Researcher
Nominet UK



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From: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>
To: "'Erik van der Poel'" <erikv@google.com>
Cc: <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, "'Andrew Sullivan'" <ajs@shinkuro.com>, "'Olafur Gudmundsson'" <ogud@ogud.com>, "'Vint Cerf'" <vint@google.com>, "'Sotiris Panaretou'" <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>, <idna-update@alvestrand.no>
References: <F4C8292851A24ADD86798CC711EB375C@ics.forth.gr> <c07a32650912030958v22305e57g1a82fadc7d4647e3@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: [dnsext] RE: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 15:28:41 +0200
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Dear Erik,

Actually it does not matter whether the final sigma is PVALID or not,
although I believe that it will be since both the .gr Registry and .cy
Registry have asked for it.

We have the same issue with the accent mark "tonos". Almost each word in
Greek has this accent mark in small letters but if you put it in capital
letters the mark is omitted, creating two different xn-- Punycode
translations for each word used as a domain name.

We Bundle domain names already because of this "tonos" and we face this
bundling issue since 2005 but we had put our hopes on the IDNA revision for
a better solution. Since this is not possible, we need the XNAME bundling
regardless of the final sigma in IDNA2008 situation.

Kind Regards,

Vaggelis Segredakis

-----Original Message-----
From: Erik van der Poel [mailto:erikv@google.com] 
Sent: Thursday, December 03, 2009 7:59 PM
To: Vaggelis Segredakis
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org; Andrew Sullivan; Olafur Gudmundsson; Vint
Cerf; Sotiris Panaretou; idna-update@alvestrand.no
Subject: Re: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME

Vaggelis, thank you for raising this issue on the namedroppers list.

Namedroppers, I would like to clarify one item below.

On Thu, Dec 3, 2009 at 7:56 AM, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>
wrote:
> Recently, as a member of the discussion of the IDNABIS WG I tried to help
> resolving these issues by explaining them to that group. However that
group
> is not free to completely re-design the IDNA protocol to something else
but
> rather with small steps to reform it to something with fewer issues.
> Unfortunately, on this process, one of the changes that are implemented
lead
> to even more names that have to be bundled together for each registrant.
> This makes it even more significant to break this chain of cost for the
end
> user.

The IDNAbis WG drafts have not been published as RFCs yet. Currently,
the drafts make Final Sigma (Unicode U+03C2) PVALID, but this issue is
currently being discussed in the WG.

Erik




From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 05:34:10 2009
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On Dec 3, 2009, at 7:31 PM, Joe Abley wrote:

>=20
> On 2009-12-03, at 16:31, Nicholas Weaver wrote:
>=20
>> Does anyone know of DNS resolver software other than Google's new =
recursive resolver service that uses a 1280B EDNS MTU?
>=20
> I haven't done enough thinking about this, but perhaps 1280 bytes is a =
good number to choose if you want to provide DNS service over UDP/IPv6, =
since it avoids the need to keep state to fragment UDP packets out from =
the sending side (DNS server) to destinations (DNS client) whose path =
MTU is too small -- 1280 is required to work without fragmentation.

Except that 1280B DNS MTU !=3D 1280B path MTU, as the DNS MTU doesn't =
include the UDP header.

Also, Google's server is IPv4 only currently.



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From: "Rose, Scott W." <scott.rose@nist.gov>
To: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
CC: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>, "roy@nominet.org.uk" <roy@nominet.org.uk>
Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 08:36:25 -0500
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
Thread-Topic: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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On 12/4/09 6:33 AM, "roy@nominet.org.uk" <roy@nominet.org.uk> wrote:

> Stephen Kent wrote on 12/03/2009 06:57:19 PM:
>=20
>> Folks,
>>=20
>> I am opposed to assigning algorithm identifier values to the GOST
>> algorithms, until the WG has solved the alg ID space problem. I
>> believe Paul Hoffman suggested this in Hiroshima.
>=20
> It is my understanding that there is no Algorithm ID space problem.
>=20

There could be in the future, but that would depend on a growth of newly
developed algorithms.  It may be easy to come up with 257 unique algorithms=
,
but I'd like to think the crypto and DNS communities could boil that down t=
o
a handful that are used during any given decade.

>> My reasoning is that we need to provide a clear distinction between:
>>=20
>>    - algorithms that are MUSTs, i.e.,  mandatory to implement in
>> all DNS resolvers and zone signers
>=20
> There isn't such a requirement at all. The "mandatory to implement" appli=
es
> solely to validators. The resolver just resolves. The server just serves.
> To those entities, its garbage in, garbage out. It is definitely not
> required to implement for zone signers.
>=20
insert plug for draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01 here :)

>=20
> I think you may have been misinformed. I hope that this helped you to get
> on the right track.
>=20
> I suggest we allocate an arbitrary (yet unallocated) Algorithm ID to
> indicate Extended Algorithm ID, and adopt the Private Algorithms scheme f=
or
> that, and have IANA open a registry. No rocket surgery here. This will ta=
ke
> a fraction of the time needed to exhaust the current space.
>
Speaking of OID, has anyone ever used the PRIVATE(OID) space for any
experimentation?  I've heard some other groups wanting to use the DNS for
OID lookups, and was curious about previous DNS-OID collaborations.

I'd support working to have an expansion clause to the algo code in place
now.  I don't know if we'd actually need it, but better safe than sorry?

Scott
=20
> I'm dismayed that you seriously consider halting current work (GOST) in
> order to solve a non-prudent problem. Why wasn't this a problem for recen=
t
> work (RSASHA2)?
>=20
> Regards,
>=20
> Roy Arends
> Sr. Researcher
> Nominet UK
>=20
>=20
>=20

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Scott Rose
NIST
scottr@nist.gov
ph: +1 301-975-8439
Google Voice: +1-571-249-3671

http://www.dnsops.gov/
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D




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From: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>
To: "'YAO Jiankang'" <yaojk@cnnic.cn>, <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, "'Andrew Sullivan'" <ajs@shinkuro.com>, "'Olafur Gudmundsson'" <ogud@ogud.com>
References: <459855804.18780@cnnic.cn> <459911788.23168@cnnic.cn>
Subject: [dnsext] RE: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
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Dear Yao,

 

Thank you very much for your reply and your interest. I have no experience
on authoring such a draft and I could not co-author but if you have any
questions on "IDN domains and bundling" that I could assist, please feel
free to contact me.

 

Kind Regards,

 

Vaggelis Segredakis

 

  _____  

From: YAO Jiankang [mailto:yaojk@cnnic.cn] 
Sent: Friday, December 04, 2009 9:30 AM
To: Vaggelis Segredakis; namedroppers@ops.ietf.org; 'Andrew Sullivan';
'Olafur Gudmundsson'
Subject: Re: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME

 

I am intertested in this topic too.

 

Yes, I also wonder whether we can design a XNAME for the bundling name.

 

Is there anybody who is interested in co-author to write the draft about
"XNAME"?

 

I am planning to write something.

 

 

Yao Jiankang

CNNIC

 

----- Original Message ----- 

From: Vaggelis <mailto:segred@ics.forth.gr>  Segredakis 

To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org ; 'Andrew Sullivan' <mailto:ajs@shinkuro.com>
; 'Olafur Gudmundsson' <mailto:ogud@ogud.com>  

Cc: 'Vint Cerf' <mailto:vint@google.com>  ; 'Sotiris
<mailto:panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>  Panaretou' ; idna-update@alvestrand.no


Sent: Thursday, December 03, 2009 11:56 PM

Subject: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME

 

Dear Members of the DNSEXT WG,

 

My name is Vaggelis Segredakis and I am the Administrator of the Registry of
the .gr ccTLD.

 

Since 2005 the .gr registry has provided our registrants with the option to
register domain names in Greek characters, according to the IDNA2003
translation of IDN characters to Latin characters. Due to the design of this
protocol, it has been necessary for the registry to bundle domain names that
in Greek represent the same word but in the IDNA2003 the representation is
different PUNYCODE domain names. To reduce the cost of the use of these
domain names, the registry bundles them (with the use of DNAME) in the .gr
zone file. We strongly believe that the IDNA protocol should help to ease
the use of the domain names and not to present new obstacles to the end
users who should not be blamed if the domain name was typed in small or
capital letters. I do not wish to burden you with details but if you wish a
more elaborate analysis of the issues presented in the IDNA protocols for
domain names in Greek characters please refer to my presentations:

 

-http://www.icann.org/en/meetings/lisbon/presentation-idns-greece-27mar07.pd
f

-https://www.centr.org/main/5354-CTR/version/default/part/AttachmentData/dat
a/IGF2009%20-%20Segredakis%20IDNA2008%20a%20Protocol%20with%20shortcomings.p
df

 

Bundling these domain names with DNAME seemed like a good choice but there
is an issue that this way of bundling does not solve:

 

If you have the domain name xn-1234.gr and you bundle it with xn-5678.gr
everything is fine - if you try to visit www.xn--5678.gr; you will be
redirected to www.xn--1234.gr. The same applies if you use ns1.xn-1234.gr;
it equals to ns1.xn-5678.gr. However, if you try to email user1@xn--5678.gr
it will never arrive at user1@xn--1234.gr because this bundling starts from
the next level and thus xn-1234.gr<>xn-5678.gr. The source of the problem I
am going to ask you to resolve is there.

 

Recently, as a member of the discussion of the IDNABIS WG I tried to help
resolving these issues by explaining them to that group. However that group
is not free to completely re-design the IDNA protocol to something else but
rather with small steps to reform it to something with fewer issues.
Unfortunately, on this process, one of the changes that are implemented lead
to even more names that have to be bundled together for each registrant.
This makes it even more significant to break this chain of cost for the end
user.

 

 I ask you as a WG to either consider changing DNAME to include the first
layer and this way allow emails to be sent to user1@xn--5678.gr and to be
delivered to user1@xn--1234.gr or to present in DNS a new command that works
like DNAME with the upper layer included, let's call it xNAME for now. By
presenting this xNAME you will allow the registries to bundle domain names
in a consistent way that has full functionality for the end user who will be
able to receive emails, view web pages, FTP e.t.c. using domain names in his
language without having to adapt a new protocol. This should be an
undisputable right for all the users who do not use the Latin alphabet, the
same as it is for Latin alphabet users.

 

I will be happy to answer any questions you might have on my request. I
would be even happier if this revision of the DNS was to be presented along
with IDNA2008 adoption from the IETF so that the registries that really need
this bundling are ready to use these new protocols simultaneously for the
benefit of the end users.

 

Kind Regards,

 

Vaggelis Segredakis

Administrator of the .GR Top Level Domain

Institute of Computer Science

Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas

Tel. +30-281-0391450

Fax +30-281-0391451

Email segred@ics.forth.gr

 


  _____  


_______________________________________________
Idna-update mailing list
Idna-update@alvestrand.no
http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/idna-update


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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Dear =
Yao,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Thank you very =
much for
your reply and your interest. I have no experience on authoring such a =
draft
and I could not co-author but if you have any questions on &#8220;IDN =
domains and
bundling&#8221; that I could assist, please feel free to contact =
me.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Kind =
Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'>Vaggelis =
Segredakis<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 color=3Dnavy face=3DArial><span =
lang=3DEN-GB
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:navy'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p>=
</span></font></p>

<div>

<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><font =
size=3D3
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'>

<hr size=3D2 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter tabindex=3D-1>

</span></font></div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</spa=
n></font></b><font
size=3D2 face=3DTahoma><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
YAO Jiankang [mailto:yaojk@cnnic.cn] <br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Friday, December =
04, 2009
9:30 AM<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Vaggelis Segredakis;
namedroppers@ops.ietf.org; 'Andrew Sullivan'; 'Olafur Gudmundsson'<br>
<b><span style=3D'font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: Bundling of =
Domain
Names and DNAME</span></font><span lang=3DEN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:SimSun'>I am intertested in this topic =
too.</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:SimSun'>Yes, I also wonder whether we can design a XNAME for =
the
bundling name.</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:SimSun'>Is there anybody who is interested in co-author =
to</span></font><font
size=3D2><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt'>&nbsp;</span></font><font =
size=3D2
face=3DSimSun><span style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:SimSun'>write =
the draft
about &quot;XNAME&quot;?</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:SimSun'>I am planning to write =
something.</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:SimSun'>Yao Jiankang</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:SimSun'>CNNIC</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<blockquote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid black =
1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 4.0pt;
margin-left:3.75pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:5.0pt'=
>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D1 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:SimSun'>----- Original Message ----- =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div style=3D'font-color:black'>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'background:#E4E4E4'><b><font size=3D1 =
face=3DSimSun><span
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:SimSun;font-weight:bold'>From:</span=
></font></b><font
size=3D1 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:SimSun'> <a
href=3D"mailto:segred@ics.forth.gr" =
title=3D"segred@ics.forth.gr">Vaggelis
Segredakis</a> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D1 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:SimSun;font-weight:bold'>To:</span></font></b><font size=3D1
face=3DSimSun><span style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:SimSun'> <a
href=3D"mailto:namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" =
title=3D"namedroppers@ops.ietf.org">namedroppers@ops.ietf.org</a>
; <a href=3D"mailto:ajs@shinkuro.com" title=3D"ajs@shinkuro.com">'Andrew =
Sullivan'</a>
; <a href=3D"mailto:ogud@ogud.com" title=3D"ogud@ogud.com">'Olafur =
Gudmundsson'</a>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D1 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:SimSun;font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></font></b><font size=3D1
face=3DSimSun><span style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:SimSun'> <a
href=3D"mailto:vint@google.com" title=3D"vint@google.com">'Vint =
Cerf'</a> ; <a
href=3D"mailto:panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy" =
title=3D"panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy">'Sotiris
Panaretou'</a> ; <a href=3D"mailto:idna-update@alvestrand.no"
title=3D"idna-update@alvestrand.no">idna-update@alvestrand.no</a> =
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D1 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:SimSun;font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></font></b><font =
size=3D1
face=3DSimSun><span style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:SimSun'> =
Thursday,
December 03, 2009 11:56 PM<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><font size=3D1 face=3DSimSun><span =
style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:SimSun;font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></font></b><font =
size=3D1
face=3DSimSun><span style=3D'font-size:9.0pt;font-family:SimSun'> =
Bundling of
Domain Names and DNAME<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Dear Members of the DNSEXT =
WG,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>My name is Vaggelis Segredakis and I am the
Administrator of the Registry of the .gr =
ccTLD.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Since 2005 the .gr registry has provided our
registrants with the option to register domain names in Greek =
characters,
according to the IDNA2003 translation of IDN characters to Latin =
characters.
Due to the design of this protocol, it has been necessary for the =
registry to
bundle domain names that in Greek represent the same word but in the =
IDNA2003
the representation is different PUNYCODE domain names. To reduce the =
cost of
the use of these domain names, the registry bundles them (with the use =
of
DNAME) in the .gr zone file. We strongly believe that the IDNA protocol =
should
help to ease the use of the domain names and not to present new =
obstacles to
the end users who should not be blamed if the domain name was typed in =
small or
capital letters. I do not wish to burden you with details but if you =
wish a
more elaborate analysis of the issues presented in the IDNA protocols =
for
domain names in Greek characters please refer to my =
presentations:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-http://www.icann.org/en/meetings/lisbon/presen=
tation-idns-greece-27mar07.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>-https://www.centr.org/main/5354-CTR/version/de=
fault/part/AttachmentData/data/IGF2009%20-%20Segredakis%20IDNA2008%20a%20=
Protocol%20with%20shortcomings.pdf<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Bundling these domain names with DNAME seemed =
like a
good choice but there is an issue that this way of bundling does not =
solve:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>If you have the domain name xn&#8212;1234.gr =
and you
bundle it with xn&#8212;5678.gr everything is fine - if you try to visit
www.xn--5678.gr; you will be redirected to www.xn--1234.gr. The same =
applies if
you use ns1.xn&#8212;1234.gr; it equals to ns1.xn&#8212;5678.gr. =
However, if
you try to email user1@xn--5678.gr it will never arrive at =
user1@xn--1234.gr
because this bundling starts from the next level and thus
xn&#8212;1234.gr&lt;&gt;xn&#8212;5678.gr. The source of the problem I am =
going
to ask you to resolve is there&#8230;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Recently, as a member of the discussion of the
IDNABIS WG I tried to help resolving these issues by explaining them to =
that
group. However that group is not free to completely re-design the IDNA =
protocol
to something else but rather with small steps to reform it to something =
with
fewer issues. Unfortunately, on this process, one of the changes that =
are
implemented lead to even more names that have to be bundled together for =
each
registrant. This makes it even more significant to break this chain of =
cost for
the end user.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;I ask you as a WG to either consider =
changing
DNAME to include the first layer and this way allow emails to be sent to
user1@xn--5678.gr and to be delivered to user1@xn--1234.gr or to present =
in DNS
a new command that works like DNAME with the upper layer included, =
let&#8217;s
call it xNAME for now. By presenting this xNAME you will allow the =
registries
to bundle domain names in a consistent way that has full functionality =
for the
end user who will be able to receive emails, view web pages, FTP e.t.c. =
using
domain names in his language without having to adapt a new protocol. =
This should
be an undisputable right for all the users who do not use the Latin =
alphabet,
the same as it is for Latin alphabet users.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>I will be happy to answer any questions you =
might
have on my request. I would be even happier if this revision of the DNS =
was to
be presented along with IDNA2008 adoption from the IETF so that the =
registries
that really need this bundling are ready to use these new protocols
simultaneously for the benefit of the end =
users.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-US =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Kind Regards,</span></font><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p=
>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
lang=3DEN-GB
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Vaggelis Segredakis</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Administrator of the .GR Top Level =
Domain</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Institute of Computer =
Science</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Foundation for Research and Technology - =
Hellas</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Tel. +30-281-0391450</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Fax +30-281-0391451</span></font><span =
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Email segred@ics.forth.gr</span></font><span
lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D'font-size:
12.0pt'>_______________________________________________<br>
Idna-update mailing list<br>
Idna-update@alvestrand.no<br>
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 05:56:11 2009
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Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 08:51:26 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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On Fri, Dec 04, 2009 at 12:33:19PM +0100, roy@nominet.org.uk wrote:

> I suggest we allocate an arbitrary (yet unallocated) Algorithm ID to
> indicate Extended Algorithm ID, and adopt the Private Algorithms scheme for
> that, and have IANA open a registry. No rocket surgery here. This will take
> a fraction of the time needed to exhaust the current space.

With my Official Nagger for Work Item Progress hat on, does the above
suggest that we can expect a draft from you outlining this plan?

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


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On 2009-12-04, at 08:27, Nicholas Weaver wrote:

> Except that 1280B DNS MTU !=3D 1280B path MTU, as the DNS MTU doesn't =
include the UDP header.

Good point :-)



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Cc: "'Erik van der Poel'" <erikv@google.com>, <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, "'Andrew Sullivan'" <ajs@shinkuro.com>, "'Olafur Gudmundsson'" <ogud@ogud.com>, "'Sotiris Panaretou'" <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>, <idna-update@alvestrand.no>
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From: Vint Cerf <vint@google.com>
To: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>
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Subject: [dnsext] Re: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 08:36:50 -0500
References: <F4C8292851A24ADD86798CC711EB375C@ics.forth.gr> <c07a32650912030958v22305e57g1a82fadc7d4647e3@mail.gmail.com> <24DA8FCE39E14E40BBAF227CC0B2AF47@ics.forth.gr>
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[ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by
   a non-subscriber, or because it was over 20K.  
   With the massive amount of spam, it is easy to miss and therefore 
   delete relevant posts by non-subscribers. 
   Please fix your subscription addresses. ]

Vaggelis,

extensions of DNS in the XNAME direction would require creation of a  
new WG for this purpose.
I menion this only to make sure no one is expecting the IDNABIS  
working group to undertake the idea.

Vint


On Dec 4, 2009, at 8:28 AM, Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:

> Dear Erik,
>
> Actually it does not matter whether the final sigma is PVALID or not,
> although I believe that it will be since both the .gr Registry and .cy
> Registry have asked for it.
>
> We have the same issue with the accent mark "tonos". Almost each  
> word in
> Greek has this accent mark in small letters but if you put it in  
> capital
> letters the mark is omitted, creating two different xn-- Punycode
> translations for each word used as a domain name.
>
> We Bundle domain names already because of this "tonos" and we face  
> this
> bundling issue since 2005 but we had put our hopes on the IDNA  
> revision for
> a better solution. Since this is not possible, we need the XNAME  
> bundling
> regardless of the final sigma in IDNA2008 situation.
>
> Kind Regards,
>
> Vaggelis Segredakis
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Erik van der Poel [mailto:erikv@google.com]
> Sent: Thursday, December 03, 2009 7:59 PM
> To: Vaggelis Segredakis
> Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org; Andrew Sullivan; Olafur Gudmundsson;  
> Vint
> Cerf; Sotiris Panaretou; idna-update@alvestrand.no
> Subject: Re: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
>
> Vaggelis, thank you for raising this issue on the namedroppers list.
>
> Namedroppers, I would like to clarify one item below.
>
> On Thu, Dec 3, 2009 at 7:56 AM, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr 
> >
> wrote:
>> Recently, as a member of the discussion of the IDNABIS WG I tried  
>> to help
>> resolving these issues by explaining them to that group. However that
> group
>> is not free to completely re-design the IDNA protocol to something  
>> else
> but
>> rather with small steps to reform it to something with fewer issues.
>> Unfortunately, on this process, one of the changes that are  
>> implemented
> lead
>> to even more names that have to be bundled together for each  
>> registrant.
>> This makes it even more significant to break this chain of cost for  
>> the
> end
>> user.
>
> The IDNAbis WG drafts have not been published as RFCs yet. Currently,
> the drafts make Final Sigma (Unicode U+03C2) PVALID, but this issue is
> currently being discussed in the WG.
>
> Erik
>
>



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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
To: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
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Andrew Sullivan wrote on 12/04/2009 02:51:26 PM:

> On Fri, Dec 04, 2009 at 12:33:19PM +0100, roy@nominet.org.uk wrote:
>
> > I suggest we allocate an arbitrary (yet unallocated) Algorithm ID to
> > indicate Extended Algorithm ID, and adopt the Private Algorithms scheme
for
> > that, and have IANA open a registry. No rocket surgery here. This will
take
> > a fraction of the time needed to exhaust the current space.
>
> With my Official Nagger for Work Item Progress hat on, does the above
> suggest that we can expect a draft from you outlining this plan?

Yes,

Regards,

Roy Arends
Sr. Researcher
Nominet UK



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 07:15:57 2009
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Cc: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>, Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 07:12:58 -0800
To: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
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On Dec 4, 2009, at 7:09 AM, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:

> On Fri, Dec 04, 2009 at 09:29:47AM -0500, Joe Abley wrote:
>>=20
>> On 2009-12-04, at 08:27, Nicholas Weaver wrote:
>>=20
>>> Except that 1280B DNS MTU !=3D 1280B path MTU, as the DNS MTU =
doesn't include the UDP header.
>>=20
>> Good point :-)
>>=20
>>=20
>=20
> 	hence the argument for 1220...


Even then the argument doesn't make sense.  It only makes sense to have =
the EDNS MTU be small enough to avoid fragmentation if

a) The network can't handle fragmentation at ALL
or
b) The stateholding requirements for fragmentation are WORSE than the =
stateholding requirements for TCP.


a the resolver can discover for itself and memoize.

b doesn't seem to make sense.



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Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 15:09:53 +0000
From: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
To: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
Cc: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
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On Fri, Dec 04, 2009 at 09:29:47AM -0500, Joe Abley wrote:
> 
> On 2009-12-04, at 08:27, Nicholas Weaver wrote:
> 
> > Except that 1280B DNS MTU != 1280B path MTU, as the DNS MTU doesn't include the UDP header.
> 
> Good point :-)
> 
> 

	hence the argument for 1220...


--bill


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 07:19:57 2009
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Date: 04 Dec 2009 15:16:08 +0000
From: Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Cc: Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>
Reply-To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
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On Dec 3 2009, Vaggelis Segredakis wrote, inter alia:

> I ask you as a WG to either consider changing DNAME to include the first
>layer and this way allow emails to be sent to user1@xn--5678.gr and to be
>delivered to user1@xn--1234.gr or to present in DNS a new command that works
>like DNAME with the upper layer included, let's call it xNAME for now.

It's totally unrealistic to change the spec of DNAME (in a major
particular) after 10 years of deployment, and I'm not going to add
an "IMHO" to that.

There's nothing innately impossible about having a new "xNAME" type.
Like CNAME, but unlike DNAME, it could not coexist with any non-DNSSEC
records of the same name (and so it could not occur at a zone apex,
for example). Like DNAME, it would render illegal (or at least invisible)
all RRs with child names in the same zone file. CNAME synthesis would
presumably be required.

But deployment of such a new type would hardly occur overnight.

Would it, I wonder, be feasible to relax the restriction (explicitly
present in RFC 2672) that a CNAME and DNAME cannot exist at the
same owner name? (I haven't thought this through in detail yet.)

-- 
Chris Thompson               University of Cambridge Computing Service,
Email: cet1@ucs.cam.ac.uk    New Museums Site, Cambridge CB2 3QH,
Phone: +44 1223 334715       United Kingdom.



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Date: 04 Dec 2009 15:42:16 +0000
From: Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Cc: roy@nominet.org.uk
Reply-To: cet1@cam.ac.uk
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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On Dec 4 2009, roy@nominet.org.uk wrote:

>Stephen Kent wrote on 12/03/2009 06:57:19 PM:
[...]
>> Because we have limited space for algorithm IDs under the current
>> design, I think it appropriate to agree upon a scheme that enables
>> expansion of the ID space first, and then to assign IDs for these
>> these two categories of algorithms.
>
>There is a near unlimited space that allows for assigning algorithms by
>allocating part of the signature field. That is standardized for Private
>Algorithms (see RFC4034 A.1.1). That is trivially adoptable for any other
>algorithm. This is not subtyping.

And in the absence of such information in DS records, how is this part
of RFC 4305 to be interpreted?

| There MUST be an RRSIG for each RRset using at least one DNSKEY of
| each algorithm in the zone apex DNSKEY RRset.  The apex DNSKEY RRset
| itself MUST be signed by each algorithm appearing in the DS RRset
| located at the delegating parent (if any).

I seem to recall some discussion of this in the context of algorithm 
IDs 253 and 254, and I have expressed concern about the legal values
for the "parameter octets" in draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-* for
similar reasons.

-- 
Chris Thompson               University of Cambridge Computing Service,
Email: cet1@ucs.cam.ac.uk    New Museums Site, Cambridge CB2 3QH,
Phone: +44 1223 334715       United Kingdom.


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
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On 2009-12-04, at 10:12, Nicholas Weaver wrote:

> a) The network can't handle fragmentation at ALL

With IPv6 the network *doesn't* handle fragmentation. The sending host =
does it. Intermediate routers either pass packets or drop them.

> or
> b) The stateholding requirements for fragmentation are WORSE than the =
stateholding requirements for TCP.

The stateholding requirements for fragmentation are potentially much =
worse than those for TCP if you consider the (usual? inevitable?) case =
where a nameserver's performance might be limited to a thousand times =
more queries per second over UDP than over TCP.

For example, BIND9's default setting for the tcp-clients option is 100, =
I believe. It's easy to imagine retaining path MTU state for 100,000 UDP =
clients on a busy authority-only server (well, if you can imagine there =
being 100,000 resolvers in the world that are v6 capable :-)

> a the resolver can discover for itself and memoize.

The resolver MUST discover for itself and record corresponding state, =
with IPv6.

> b doesn't seem to make sense.

Perhaps if the socket option that Mark mentioned is widely available and =
widely used, there is no problem here anyway. I don't know how to tell =
whether that's the case though.


Joe=


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Cc: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 08:06:34 -0800
To: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
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This still doesn't make sense to me, even in IPv6.

In IPv6, if the response is < path MTU, no fragmentation or stateholding =
is required.

If the response is > path MTU but less than the EDNS MTU, you need the =
fragmentation related stateholding.

But if the EDNS MTU =3D=3D Path MTU, now it just automatically falls =
over to TCP AFTER getting a truncated response.  So you STILL have the =
big stateholding problem (probably worse, given its the full TCP stack), =
PLUS additional latency because you first have the failover to TCP.



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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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On Dec 4, 2009, at 10:42 AM, Chris Thompson wrote:

> On Dec 4 2009, roy@nominet.org.uk wrote:
>=20
>> Stephen Kent wrote on 12/03/2009 06:57:19 PM:
> [...]
>>> Because we have limited space for algorithm IDs under the current
>>> design, I think it appropriate to agree upon a scheme that enables
>>> expansion of the ID space first, and then to assign IDs for these
>>> these two categories of algorithms.
>>=20
>> There is a near unlimited space that allows for assigning algorithms =
by
>> allocating part of the signature field. That is standardized for =
Private
>> Algorithms (see RFC4034 A.1.1). That is trivially adoptable for any =
other
>> algorithm. This is not subtyping.
>=20
> And in the absence of such information in DS records, how is this part
> of RFC 4305 to be interpreted?
>=20
> | There MUST be an RRSIG for each RRset using at least one DNSKEY of
> | each algorithm in the zone apex DNSKEY RRset.  The apex DNSKEY RRset
> | itself MUST be signed by each algorithm appearing in the DS RRset
> | located at the delegating parent (if any).
>=20
> I seem to recall some discussion of this in the context of algorithm =
IDs 253 and 254, and I have expressed concern about the legal values
> for the "parameter octets" in draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-* for
> similar reasons.

This is covered in dnssec-bis-updates-09 =
(http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-bis-updates-09#sectio=
n-4.3) in section 4.3.

--
David Blacka                          <davidb@verisign.com>=20
Sr. Engineer          VeriSign Platform Product Development


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To: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
Cc: "namedroppers\@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
References: <D9D86CEB-A60F-4FFA-87C5-50D37F7F68F6@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Fri, 04 Dec 2009 16:37:34 +0000
In-Reply-To: <D9D86CEB-A60F-4FFA-87C5-50D37F7F68F6@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> (Nicholas Weaver's message of "Thu\, 3 Dec 2009 13\:31\:35 -0800")
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* Nicholas Weaver:

> Does anyone know of DNS resolver software other than Google's new
> recursive resolver service that uses a 1280B EDNS MTU?

Recent versions of the PowerDNS recursor, if I recall correctly.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 09:21:33 2009
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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
To: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU... 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Fri, 04 Dec 2009 07:12:58 PST." <4AED04A3-47EC-4CBF-A069-2962F4EB9F8A@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> 
References: <D9D86CEB-A60F-4FFA-87C5-50D37F7F68F6@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <4F28ABE8-76BF-4073-8E9B-840784D5C83B@hopcount.ca> <D1CFDC19-786F-48D9-B859-047376FE263D@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <8C0C26CA-4D43-472E-B166-B53841DEB37F@hopcount.ca> <20091204150953.GA8919@vacation.karoshi.com.>  <4AED04A3-47EC-4CBF-A069-2962F4EB9F8A@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> 
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> From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
> Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 07:12:58 -0800
> 
> > 	hence the argument for 1220...
> 
> Even then the argument doesn't make sense.  It only makes sense to have
> the EDNS MTU be small enough to avoid fragmentation if
> 
> a) The network can't handle fragmentation at ALL
> or
> b) The stateholding requirements for fragmentation are WORSE than the
> stateholding requirements for TCP.
> 
> a the resolver can discover for itself and memoize.
> 
> b doesn't seem to make sense.

+1.

new recommended reading on this topic:

"Improving TCP Security with Robust Cookies by Perry Metzger,
William Allen Simpson, and Paul Vixie"

<http://www.usenix.org/publications/login/2009-12/openpdfs/metzger.pdf>


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME 
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> Date: 04 Dec 2009 15:16:08 +0000
> From: Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
> 
> But deployment of such a new type would hardly occur overnight.

yes, it could, because all of .GR's authority servers could be upgraded
in one day, and it's the CNAME synthesis that occurs inside authority
servers that made DNAME deployable and would presumably do the same for
XNAME.

> Would it, I wonder, be feasible to relax the restriction (explicitly
> present in RFC 2672) that a CNAME and DNAME cannot exist at the
> same owner name? (I haven't thought this through in detail yet.)

this would be a dramatic, disruptive, chaotic and unwelcome change (IMHO).


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 10:04:46 2009
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Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 09:58:14 -0800
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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This discussion has conflated a bunch of topics and, unfortunately, multiple WG documents.

The WG LC on the GOST algorithms is to advance what is now draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-05 as a standards track document.

The WG work item draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation-00, on which there has been almost no comment, allows non-standards-track RFCs to have IANA code points allocated to them without having to resort to the private code points.

The WG work item draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01, also thinly discussed, would add a column to the IANA registry to describe the status for use of the various algorithms.

As I said in Hiroshima, I think that draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-05 should not progress on standards track for many reasons, but I do think it should be published as an Informational RFC. At least one of the people who responded in favor of moving the GOST document forward admitted to me that they did not notice that it was for standards track (even though that was made clear in the WG LC message).

If draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-05 progresses as an Informational RFC concurrent with or after draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation-00 becomes an RFC, the GOST algorithms can be assigned regular code points. If it happens concurrent with or after draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01 becomes an RFC, the GOST registration will be clear in the IANA registry.

Therefore, I propose that either the WG chairs stop the current GOST WG LC so that the WG can be sure that a non-standards-track algorithm will be given a code point (as many people want), or should re-issue the WG LC to specifically ask what standards level respondents want for this document.

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium


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Date: 04 Dec 2009 18:06:40 +0000
From: Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>
Reply-To: cet1@cam.ac.uk
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME 
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On Dec 4 2009, Paul Vixie wrote:

>> Date: 04 Dec 2009 15:16:08 +0000
>> From: Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
>> 
>> But deployment of such a new type would hardly occur overnight.
>
>yes, it could, because all of .GR's authority servers could be upgraded
>in one day, and it's the CNAME synthesis that occurs inside authority
>servers that made DNAME deployable and would presumably do the same for
>XNAME.

Point taken. But this would not be compatible with signing the zone, as
validators would have to understand XNAME before they would believe (well,
regenerate for themselves in fact) the synthesized CNAMEs.

That is, unless you started seriously hacking the GR servers, and had
them return a signed (apex) CNAME or a signed DNAME as the query demanded ...

>> Would it, I wonder, be feasible to relax the restriction (explicitly
>> present in RFC 2672) that a CNAME and DNAME cannot exist at the
>> same owner name? (I haven't thought this through in detail yet.)
>
>this would be a dramatic, disruptive, chaotic and unwelcome change (IMHO).

I've already gone off the idea myself :-)

-- 
Chris Thompson               University of Cambridge Computing Service,
Email: cet1@ucs.cam.ac.uk    New Museums Site, Cambridge CB2 3QH,
Phone: +44 1223 334715       United Kingdom.


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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On 2009-12-04, at 12:58, Paul Hoffman wrote:

> The WG LC on the GOST algorithms is to advance what is now =
draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-05 as a standards track document.
>=20
> [...]
>=20
> Therefore, I propose that either the WG chairs stop the current GOST =
WG LC so that the WG can be sure that a non-standards-track algorithm =
will be given a code point (as many people want), or should re-issue the =
WG LC to specifically ask what standards level respondents want for this =
document.

I'm not sure I understand the merit of stopping the WGLC on whether to =
promote the draft on the standards track. If the WGLC concludes that =
standards track is fine, then surely it can just proceed as-is.


Joe



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 11:15:23 2009
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Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 14:09:58 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
Message-ID: <20091204190957.GU91905@shinkuro.com>
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On Fri, Dec 04, 2009 at 09:58:14AM -0800, Paul Hoffman wrote:
> Therefore, I propose that either the WG chairs stop the current GOST
> WG LC so that the WG can be sure that a non-standards-track
> algorithm will be given a code point (as many people want), or
> should re-issue the WG LC to specifically ask what standards level
> respondents want for this document.

The Chairs put the question according to the procedures available to
us at the time the question was put.

In the event there is some future state of affairs in which we might
put a different question to the WG participants, then perhaps we would
do so.  But as things stand, the participants have been invited to
express their views with respect to the document, assuming that it
must be on the standards track.  The question is not withdrawn.

Best regards,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


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Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 14:52:57 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: [dnsext] Additional editor for draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify
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Dear colleagues,

Alfred HÃ¶nes has agreed to pitch in to help complete the WG's work
item, draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify.  I want to confirm that he is in
fact the choice of the WG in this role.

If you have any objection to this appointment, please let me know.
Otherwise, it will take effect on Sunday.

Best regards,

Andrew

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 12:12:23 2009
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Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 12:08:05 -0800
To: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
From: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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At 1:48 PM -0500 12/4/09, Joe Abley wrote:
>On 2009-12-04, at 12:58, Paul Hoffman wrote:
>
>> The WG LC on the GOST algorithms is to advance what is now draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-05 as a standards track document.
>>
>> [...]
>>
>> Therefore, I propose that either the WG chairs stop the current GOST WG LC so that the WG can be sure that a non-standards-track algorithm will be given a code point (as many people want), or should re-issue the WG LC to specifically ask what standards level respondents want for this document.
>
>I'm not sure I understand the merit of stopping the WGLC on whether to promote the draft on the standards track. If the WGLC concludes that standards track is fine, then surely it can just proceed as-is.

Quite right. Note, however, that the main motivation for the other two documents was people who had no-so-positive feelings for the GOST suite (the very limited implementation experience, the known weakness in the hash algorithm, and so on).

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 12:38:19 2009
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As there are still messages appearing on this WGLC despite the 
deadline being November 19,  I'll state that the (current[0]) 
document is ready for promotion.

Yeah, as standards track.

[0]=(http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-05.txt)


At 19:13 -0400 10/29/09, Olafur Gudmundsson/DNSEXT chair wrote:
>Dear colleagues,
>
>This note starts a WGLC for draft "Use of GOST signature
>algorithms in DNSKEY and RRSIG Resource Records for DNSSEC"
>URL for the document and its history:
>http://tools.ietf.org/wg/dnsext/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost
>The document is on the standards track.
>
>The WG last call is for 3 weeks as it overlaps IETF-76.  The last call will
>end on November 19th at 23:59 UTC.
>
>This document defines the use of GOST R 34.10-2001 digital signature algorithm
>for DNSSEC. The document defines a DNSKEY format for the key, and a format
>for storing the resulting signatures in a RRSIG record.
>
>In addition the document defines a DS digest algorithm based on
>GOST R 34.11-94.
>
>Please read the document carefully, and send comments to the working group.
>
>Document note: The document uses in examples an unallocated DNSKEY algorithm
>code 249, when this document is issued as an RFC a different code WILL be
>allocated, the only use of this code is for early interoperabilty testing.
>
>The document process rules in this group require that at least
>5 members of the working to state that they have reviewed the document
>and there is consensus of support to publish as a Standards Track RFC.
>
>         Olafur & Andrew

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 12:51:00 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 15:47:01 -0500
References: <p06240807c73cbf3b3b28@[10.1.3.12]> <p06240814c73efb95f24b@[10.20.30.158]> <2BBE98CD-9DC1-4843-9886-A34D7CA4BBD4@hopcount.ca> <p06240819c73f1c4d0191@[10.20.30.158]>
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On 2009Dec4, at 3:08 PM, Paul Hoffman wrote:

> At 1:48 PM -0500 12/4/09, Joe Abley wrote:
>> On 2009-12-04, at 12:58, Paul Hoffman wrote:
>>
>>> The WG LC on the GOST algorithms is to advance what is now draft- 
>>> ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-05 as a standards track document.
>>>
>>> [...]
>>>
>>> Therefore, I propose that either the WG chairs stop the current  
>>> GOST WG LC so that the WG can be sure that a non-standards-track  
>>> algorithm will be given a code point (as many people want), or  
>>> should re-issue the WG LC to specifically ask what standards level  
>>> respondents want for this document.
>>
>> I'm not sure I understand the merit of stopping the WGLC on whether  
>> to promote the draft on the standards track. If the WGLC concludes  
>> that standards track is fine, then surely it can just proceed as-is.
>
> Quite right. Note, however, that the main motivation for the other  
> two documents was people who had no-so-positive feelings for the  
> GOST suite (the very limited implementation experience, the known  
> weakness in the hash algorithm, and so on).

Those concerns, and the risk that there could be a run on locally- 
mandated algorithms that would use up the code-space, justify  
progressing the other two documents.  However, there is not too much  
risk to proceed with the standards-track GOST rather than delaying it  
with dependencies on those other two documents.  In other words, let  
this one go through while putting procedures in place to protect  
against the potential risk of a run of similar ones.

John



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec  4 13:18:17 2009
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Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 16:10:31 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
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At 15:16 +0000 12/4/09, Chris Thompson wrote:

On one hand I hear "12 years on and no one knows how to do DNAME and 
many deployments don't have DNAME code."  On the other hand I hear 
"we can't change the definition because of the installed base."

Document-wise DNAME is just at "proposed standard."  No one has 
expressed happiness with the existing definition and there is an open 
document to update the definition.

>It's totally unrealistic to change the spec of DNAME (in a major
>particular) after 10 years of deployment, and I'm not going to add
>an "IMHO" to that.

You can send proposed edits of the DNAME definition to the editors of:
      http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-18

(I already did.)

Part of the change I sent in is captured here (the other changes are 
to descriptive text prior to this):

In Section 3.2

    3.  Start matching down, label by label, in the zone.  The matching
        process can terminate several ways:

        A.  If the whole of QNAME is matched, we have found the node.

            If the data at the node is a CNAME, and QTYPE does not match
            CNAME, copy the CNAME RR into the answer section of the
            response, change QNAME to the canonical name in the CNAME RR,
            and go back to step 1.

+          If the data at the node includes* a DNAME and the QTYPE does not
+          match any RRset(s) at the node, then copy the DNAME RR into
+          the answer section.  If substitution of its <target> for its
+          <owner> in QNAME would overflow the legal size for a <domain-
+          name>, set RCODE to YXDOMAIN [RFC2136] and exit; otherwise
+          perform the substitution and continue.  The server MUST
+          synthesize a CNAME record as described above and include it
+          in the answer section.  Go back to step 1.

            Otherwise, copy all RRs which match QTYPE into the answer
            section and go to step 6.

* = in the text I sent the editors, the word was "is".  "Includes" is better.

"ANY" and "DNAME" QTYPEs don't chase the DNAME (as in "chasing the 
CNAME"), if the QNAME is an APEX, the SOA, NS won't chase.  But if it 
is the MX record you want and there's no MX at the DNAME owner, then 
you get it from the target.

The change was motivated by what was done in RFC 4592, section 3.3.3 
to the CNAME definition, 19 years after the original.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>,Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
From: JFC Morfin <jefsey@jefsey.com>
Subject: [dnsext] Re: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Cc: "arabic Scripts IDNA" <idna-arabicscript@lists.irnic.ir>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org,iusg@ietf.org,workon@idna2010.org
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At 16:15 04/12/2009, John C Klensin wrote:
>(2) The disadvantage of such "new RR"-based mechanisms is that 
>they  would take a long time to deploy, at least if the universal 
>deployment of EDNS0 and DNSSEC are indicative.

This may go faster than you think, if there is a Google, Microsoft, 
Interplus competition supported by a flexible transition mechanism. 
However, the real target are a full IANA functions take over. Since 
RFC 4646. The langtags registries are designed to be a problem that 
only Google can solve. I was strongly opposed by Unicode everytime I 
tried to introduce an DNS like support in the langtag debate. The 
real matter we have to consider is the Google's DDDS that will 
support their DNS and most probably other IANA tables. This is what I 
call the MDRS, i.e. the Intersem metastructure, I introduced at the 
UNESCO/ITU meeting we attended a few years ago in Geneva. Its purpose 
is exactly the same as Google: to organize the world's information 
and make it universally accessible and useful. Except that we 
consider that its taxonomies and interpretation schemata are 
distributed personnal and not decentralised commercial domain.

There is NO architectural change in the Internet and DNS since we 
connected DoD to the international public network in 1984. Google and 
Interplus do not yet change anything and Microsoft wants to protect 
its assets. But this does not prevent extensions on Google and 
Interplus, and probably a few others in China, India and Europe, and 
an active strategy by Microsoft. Google has a huge user basis, 
Microsoft has a huge customer basis, Interplus has the whole Internet 
existing architecture that it opens to FLOSS and people, China, 
India, Europe, etc. have more than 300 million current userships. 
Work in Russia, Israel, Arabic countries starts being significant.

IMHO IDNA2008 has shown that everyone's interest is to build on 7bits 
DNS as a common solid core, until the DNS service providers are 
reduced to a little number of operative communities, whose adminance 
(technical and administrative governance) can talk together to 
discuss a DNS.2 evolution which has been made credible. So, for a 
while competition may stay on value added services (Microsoft?, ISP), 
people control (Google?), responsiveness and independence from every 
existing structure (Interplus?), governmental support and DNSSEC 
(ICANN?). Obviously Google's intrication of Google's DNS and ChromeOS 
is to carefully consider, etc. All this could actually lead to more a 
DNS responsible service stability. It is an unexpected "King muder 
strategy" that may actually help transition a lot.

jfc





    



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To: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>, "'Erik van der Poel'" <erikv@google.com>
From: jefsey <jefsey@jefsey.com>
Subject: [dnsext] RE: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Cc: 'Sotiris Panaretou' <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>, 'Andrew Sullivan' <ajs@shinkuro.com>,namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, 'Vint Cerf' <vint@google.com>,'Olafur Gudmundsson' <ogud@ogud.com>, iucg@ietf.org,workon@idna2010.org
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At 14:28 04/12/2009, Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:
>Dear Erik,
>
>Actually it does not matter whether the final sigma is PVALID or not,
>although I believe that it will be since both the .gr Registry and .cy
>Registry have asked for it.
>
>We have the same issue with the accent mark "tonos". Almost each word in
>Greek has this accent mark in small letters but if you put it in capital
>letters the mark is omitted, creating two different xn-- Punycode
>translations for each word used as a domain name.
>
>We Bundle domain names already because of this "tonos" and we face this
>bundling issue since 2005 but we had put our hopes on the IDNA revision for
>a better solution. Since this is not possible, we need the XNAME bundling
>regardless of the final sigma in IDNA2008 situation.

Dear Vaggelis,

I suggest that you write a description of the issue (or quote one) so 
we can add it to http://idna2010.org issues to solve. There is most 
probably no real problem in addressing this kind of issue (similar to 
French access ent majuscules) but we have an entropy issue: we have 
to address all this kind of needs in a similar way (cf. RFC 1958) to 
keep it compact. This is the purpose of IDNA2010: to start from now 
perhaps defunct IDNA2008 we worked together, and document a Better 
Usage Document, listing the different possible cases and solutions 
that everyone can use for operational reference.

jfc




>Kind Regards,
>
>Vaggelis Segredakis
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Erik van der Poel [mailto:erikv@google.com]
>Sent: Thursday, December 03, 2009 7:59 PM
>To: Vaggelis Segredakis
>Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org; Andrew Sullivan; Olafur Gudmundsson; Vint
>Cerf; Sotiris Panaretou; idna-update@alvestrand.no
>Subject: Re: Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
>
>Vaggelis, thank you for raising this issue on the namedroppers list.
>
>Namedroppers, I would like to clarify one item below.
>
>On Thu, Dec 3, 2009 at 7:56 AM, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>
>wrote:
> > Recently, as a member of the discussion of the IDNABIS WG I tried to help
> > resolving these issues by explaining them to that group. However that
>group
> > is not free to completely re-design the IDNA protocol to something else
>but
> > rather with small steps to reform it to something with fewer issues.
> > Unfortunately, on this process, one of the changes that are implemented
>lead
> > to even more names that have to be bundled together for each registrant.
> > This makes it even more significant to break this chain of cost for the
>end
> > user.
>
>The IDNAbis WG drafts have not been published as RFCs yet. Currently,
>the drafts make Final Sigma (Unicode U+03C2) PVALID, but this issue is
>currently being discussed in the WG.
>
>Erik
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Idna-update mailing list
>Idna-update@alvestrand.no
>http://www.alvestrand.no/mailman/listinfo/idna-update



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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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On 2009-12-04, at 15:08, Paul Hoffman wrote:

> Quite right. Note, however, that the main motivation for the other two =
documents was people who had no-so-positive feelings for the GOST suite =
(the very limited implementation experience, the known weakness in the =
hash algorithm, and so on).

I think if people have concerns about GOST as a cryptosystem, they =
should feel very free not to use it. However, that seems like no kind of =
reason to object to it being standardised in the interests of interop =
between those who do not have such concerns.

This is not a last call on whether GOST is good. It's a last-call on a =
proposal to standardise GOST's use with DNSSEC.


Joe



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Date: Sat, 05 Dec 2009 01:32:58 -0300
From: Fernando Gont <fernando@gont.com.ar>
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CC: perry@piermont.com,  William Allen Simpson <william.allen.simpson@gmail.com>, vixie@isc.org
Subject: [dnsext] Some comments on "Improving TCP security with robust cookies"
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA256

Hello, folks,

Here are some comments on the aforementioned publication:

> However, SYN cookies can only be used in emergencies; they are 
> incompatible with most TCP options. As there is insufficient space in
>  the sequence number, the cookie is not considered cryptologically 
> secure.

There was an idea by FreeBSD's Andre Opperman to use TCP timestamps to
store more bits for the cookies. That would make cookies more
TCP-options-friendly.


> TCPCT requires the TCP Timestamps Option [5], which in turn requires
>  Path MTU Discovery [24] and that the Donâ€™t Fragment (DF) bit is 
> always set in the IP header.

Do TCP timestamps really require PMTUD?


> Because of these deficiencies, SYN cookies were not accepted for 
> publication in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) RFC series 
> until recently [7].

Sadly enough, I doubt that the reason for which TCP cookies had not
been published in the RFC series had to do with their technical
properties.  The IETF has largely ignored everything that has to do with
IP or TCP security. Well known issues such as IPv4 source routing have
not only been ignored, but later rehashed in "new" protocols (e.g., RHT0
in IPv6). As another example, it has taken us more than *five* years in
TCPM WG to publish something (draft-ietf-tcpm-icmp-attacks) to publish
something about the well-known ICMP attacks against TCP. And thanks to
some "bright" people, the document is heading for Informational (rather
than Std. track or BCP).

This situation has been one of the main motivations behind the project
on TCP and IP security I carried out on behalf of UK CPNI.

FWIW,
TCP security:
http://www.cpni.gov.uk/Docs/tn-03-09-security-assessment-TCP.pdf
IP security: http://www.cpni.gov.uk/Docs/InternetProtocol.pdf


> TCP Cookie Transactions (TCPCT) bolster the defense against such 
> attacks. A cookie option is exchanged as the connection is opened. 
> These cookies are larger and more unpredictable than addresses, 
> ports, sequence numbers, and timestamps. They validate the connection
>  between two parties.

While port numbers, sequence numbers, timestamps, etc., *are*
predictable in many implementations, they need not be so. In general,
RFC1948-like schemes should be applied to all these fields.


> A closed TCP port must not be reused until a (TCP TIME-WAIT) timeout
> period has expired. If old port numbers are recycled too quickly,
> messages intended for the closed session cannot be distinguished from
> a newly opened session, appearing to be delayed duplicate
> transmissions.

This can be avoided if proper algorithms for selecting TCP sequence
numbers and TCP timestamps are in place. See, e.g.,
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gont-tcpm-tcp-timestamps-02.txt

Note: Figure 1 in your document is incorrect. Only the end-point
performing the active close (i.e., starting the connection-termination
phase) will remain in the TIME-WAIT state. The only scenario in which
both endpoints remain in the TIME-WAIT state is that of "simultaneous
close", which is generally unlikely.

As a meta comment, I'd like to see more details about TCPCT... like a
draft specification, or something.

Thanks!

Kind regards,
- --
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1




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Fernando Gont wrote:
> Here are some comments on the aforementioned publication:
> 
Nice to know Usenix ;Login: is winging its way to subscribers....


>> However, SYN cookies can only be used in emergencies; they are 
>> incompatible with most TCP options. As there is insufficient space in
>>  the sequence number, the cookie is not considered cryptologically 
>> secure.
> 
> There was an idea by FreeBSD's Andre Opperman to use TCP timestamps to
> store more bits for the cookies. That would make cookies more
> TCP-options-friendly.
> 
That was implemented in many TCP stacks, and only gives you timestamps --
not SACK, nor the new "TCP User Timeout Option", nor anything else.

Syn cookies were clever, and marginally better than nothing, but not as
useful as a new option.


>> TCPCT requires the TCP Timestamps Option [5], which in turn requires
>>  Path MTU Discovery [24] and that the Don’t Fragment (DF) bit is 
>> always set in the IP header.
> 
> Do TCP timestamps really require PMTUD?
> 
Yes, please re-read the specification.


>> Because of these deficiencies, SYN cookies were not accepted for 
>> publication in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) RFC series 
>> until recently [7].
> 
> Sadly enough, I doubt that the reason for which TCP cookies had not
> been published in the RFC series had to do with their technical
> properties.  The IETF has largely ignored everything that has to do with
> IP or TCP security.

The official reason was the technical properties.  But you're preaching to
the choir here.

I still remember when Steve Kent refused to allow IP security to have a
BOF (let alone Working Group).  Karn held the BOF anyway in my hotel room
at IETF San Diego, and at successive lunch meetings.  Karn et alia
published via Usenix, too....

I still remember when somebody from Boston with a four (4) character last
name got the FBI to investigate me for *treason*, for presenting PPP CHAP
at IETF Santa Fe (a meeting with foreign nationals).

I still remember Perry calling me this time of the year in 1994, asking me
to write IPsec for IPv4.  I started (with permission) from drafty drafts
for IPv6 by Atkinson.  I created "SPI"es, and "transforms", and much of
the framework we have today.


> Well known issues such as IPv4 source routing have
> not only been ignored, but later rehashed in "new" protocols (e.g., RHT0
> in IPv6).

Hey, you don't need to tell me, none of that was in the original IPv6.
You may have forgotten that I was a member of the original design team.


> As another example, it has taken us more than *five* years in
> TCPM WG to publish something (draft-ietf-tcpm-icmp-attacks) to publish
> something about the well-known ICMP attacks against TCP. And thanks to
> some "bright" people, the document is heading for Informational (rather
> than Std. track or BCP).
> 
Yes, there's a very good practical reason for not going through TCPM WG.


> This situation has been one of the main motivations behind the project
> on TCP and IP security I carried out on behalf of UK CPNI.
> 
> FWIW,
> TCP security:
> http://www.cpni.gov.uk/Docs/tn-03-09-security-assessment-TCP.pdf
> IP security: http://www.cpni.gov.uk/Docs/InternetProtocol.pdf
> 
We thank you, and reference your paper.


>> TCP Cookie Transactions (TCPCT) bolster the defense against such 
>> attacks. A cookie option is exchanged as the connection is opened. 
>> These cookies are larger and more unpredictable than addresses, 
>> ports, sequence numbers, and timestamps. They validate the connection
>>  between two parties.
> 
> While port numbers, sequence numbers, timestamps, etc., *are*
> predictable in many implementations, they need not be so. In general,
> RFC1948-like schemes should be applied to all these fields.
> 
That's true.  But in the reality-based community, that hasn't happened.

This option signals that *has* happened, because it's a requirement of
the specification.


>> A closed TCP port must not be reused until a (TCP TIME-WAIT) timeout
>> period has expired. If old port numbers are recycled too quickly,
>> messages intended for the closed session cannot be distinguished from
>> a newly opened session, appearing to be delayed duplicate
>> transmissions.
> 
> This can be avoided if proper algorithms for selecting TCP sequence
> numbers and TCP timestamps are in place. See, e.g.,
> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-gont-tcpm-tcp-timestamps-02.txt
> 
I'm on the TCPM mailing list, and even before that have been on the
TSVWG mailing list (since its inception).  I've read various drafts.


> Note: Figure 1 in your document is incorrect. Only the end-point
> performing the active close (i.e., starting the connection-termination
> phase) will remain in the TIME-WAIT state. The only scenario in which
> both endpoints remain in the TIME-WAIT state is that of "simultaneous
> close", which is generally unlikely.
> 
Interesting comment.  But in the reality-based community, that's not how
folks have implemented.

This option signals that *has* happened, because it's a requirement of
the specification.


> As a meta comment, I'd like to see more details about TCPCT... like a
> draft specification, or something.
> 
The first 5 drafty drafts were completed last August among a select group
of implementors.  The last time that I tried to submit to internet-drafts,
it was closed for IETF.  Since there's renewed interest, I'll spin another
draft this weekend.

The first experimental code should be in the next Linux release, but it's
incomplete due to great difficulty working through their arcane process.



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From: Suzanne Woolf <woolf@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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References: <p06240807c73cbf3b3b28@[10.1.3.12]> <p06240814c73efb95f24b@[10.20.30.158]> <2BBE98CD-9DC1-4843-9886-A34D7CA4BBD4@hopcount.ca> <p06240819c73f1c4d0191@[10.20.30.158]> <F2C393EB-3A5A-4A99-907D-5537F3927186@hopcount.ca>
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On Fri, Dec 04, 2009 at 09:19:36PM -0500, Joe Abley wrote:
>
> This is not a last call on whether GOST is good. It's a last-call on
> a proposal to standardise GOST's use with DNSSEC.

+1




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Joe Abley wrote:

> ... that seems like no kind of reason to object to it being standardised in the interests of interop between those who do not have such concerns. ...


+1




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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
References: <D9D86CEB-A60F-4FFA-87C5-50D37F7F68F6@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <4F28ABE8-76BF-4073-8E9B-840784D5C83B@hopcount.ca> <D1CFDC19-786F-48D9-B859-047376FE263D@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <8C0C26CA-4D43-472E-B166-B53841DEB37F@hopcount.ca> <20091204150953.GA8919@vacation.karoshi.com.> <4AED04A3-47EC-4CBF-A069-2962F4EB9F8A@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
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* Nicholas Weaver:

> b) The stateholding requirements for fragmentation are WORSE than
> the stateholding requirements for TCP.

> b doesn't seem to make sense.

Typical load balancers apparently don't do UDP properly, breaking
PMTUD if it's active on the nodes.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99


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On Dec 7, 2009, at 12:03 AM, Florian Weimer wrote:

> * Nicholas Weaver:
>=20
>> b) The stateholding requirements for fragmentation are WORSE than
>> the stateholding requirements for TCP.
>=20
>> b doesn't seem to make sense.
>=20
> Typical load balancers apparently don't do UDP properly, breaking
> PMTUD if it's active on the nodes.

This would be=20
a:  "Fragmentation is broken", which IMO, can and should be handled =
automatically on a resolver by resolver basis, and should not instead be =
handled by a dumb default (which, incidentally, won't guarentee lack of =
fragmentation even on IPv6).




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Wouldn't this be a problem for DNSSEC aware clients that see a response wit=
h
a DNAME?  These clients would ignore the synthesized CNAME and get confused
with the resulting DNAME.

So in a zone with=20
TLD.  DNAME  TLD2.
      RRSIG  (DNAME)

and a DNSSEC enabled query for:
TLD.  IN  MX

would be (similar to Sec 5.3.4.3 in dname-bis draft):
Question:
TLD.  IN   MX

ANS:
TLD.  DNAME  TLD2.
      RRSIG  (DNAME)
TLD.  CNAME  TLD2.

(Auth/Add sections dropped)

The validator would ignore the unsigned CNAME and be left with the DNAME
that matches the QNAME.  What would happen to a client that gets a DNAME
that has the owner name that equals the QNAME?  (as in:  what does the
current validator code do?)

Perhaps a new RR would clean things up:  CDNAME (XNAME/ENAME/Whatever) whic=
h
would basically be a combined CNAME and DNAME.  That might have the same
problems with DNSSEC.  Or else relax the server rules about CNAME/DNAME
placement. i.e. a CNAME and DNAME is allowed at the same owner name (and
signed), and change the server algorithm so that:

If the labels(QNAME) =3D labels(CNAME), then return the CNAME.
If the labels(QNAME) > labels(CNAME), then use the DNAME (and
synthesize/include the CNAME but drop the RRSIG over it).
=20
Does this make sense?  Technically, only the authoritative server code woul=
d
change, but it would only need to be those authoritative servers which want
this feature: a combined CNAME and DNAME RR.  Ideally, whatever solution we
have should work with current validators.

Scott

On 12/4/09 4:10 PM, "Edward Lewis" <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:

> At 15:16 +0000 12/4/09, Chris Thompson wrote:
>=20
> On one hand I hear "12 years on and no one knows how to do DNAME and
> many deployments don't have DNAME code."  On the other hand I hear
> "we can't change the definition because of the installed base."
>=20
> Document-wise DNAME is just at "proposed standard."  No one has
> expressed happiness with the existing definition and there is an open
> document to update the definition.
>=20
>> It's totally unrealistic to change the spec of DNAME (in a major
>> particular) after 10 years of deployment, and I'm not going to add
>> an "IMHO" to that.
>=20
> You can send proposed edits of the DNAME definition to the editors of:
>       http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-18
>=20
> (I already did.)
>=20
> Part of the change I sent in is captured here (the other changes are
> to descriptive text prior to this):
>=20
> In Section 3.2
>=20
>     3.  Start matching down, label by label, in the zone.  The matching
>         process can terminate several ways:
>=20
>         A.  If the whole of QNAME is matched, we have found the node.
>=20
>             If the data at the node is a CNAME, and QTYPE does not match
>             CNAME, copy the CNAME RR into the answer section of the
>             response, change QNAME to the canonical name in the CNAME RR,
>             and go back to step 1.
>=20
> +          If the data at the node includes* a DNAME and the QTYPE does n=
ot
> +          match any RRset(s) at the node, then copy the DNAME RR into
> +          the answer section.  If substitution of its <target> for its
> +          <owner> in QNAME would overflow the legal size for a <domain-
> +          name>, set RCODE to YXDOMAIN [RFC2136] and exit; otherwise
> +          perform the substitution and continue.  The server MUST
> +          synthesize a CNAME record as described above and include it
> +          in the answer section.  Go back to step 1.
>=20
>             Otherwise, copy all RRs which match QTYPE into the answer
>             section and go to step 6.
>=20
> * =3D in the text I sent the editors, the word was "is".  "Includes" is b=
etter.
>=20
> "ANY" and "DNAME" QTYPEs don't chase the DNAME (as in "chasing the
> CNAME"), if the QNAME is an APEX, the SOA, NS won't chase.  But if it
> is the MX record you want and there's no MX at the DNAME owner, then
> you get it from the target.
>=20
> The change was motivated by what was done in RFC 4592, section 3.3.3
> to the CNAME definition, 19 years after the original.
>=20
> --
> -=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=
=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D=
-
> Edward Lewis
> NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-54=
68
>=20
> As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
> that they're not getting traction.
>=20
>=20

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Scott Rose
NIST
scottr@nist.gov
ph: +1 301-975-8439
Google Voice: +1-571-249-3671

http://www.dnsops.gov/
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D




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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
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Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2009 15:24:25 +0100
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
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On 7 dec 2009, at 15.06, Rose, Scott W. wrote:

> Wouldn't this be a problem for DNSSEC aware clients that see a =
response with
> a DNAME?  These clients would ignore the synthesized CNAME and get =
confused
> with the resulting DNAME.
>=20
> So in a zone with=20
> TLD.  DNAME  TLD2.
>      RRSIG  (DNAME)
>=20
> and a DNSSEC enabled query for:
> TLD.  IN  MX
>=20
> would be (similar to Sec 5.3.4.3 in dname-bis draft):
> Question:
> TLD.  IN   MX
>=20
> ANS:
> TLD.  DNAME  TLD2.
>      RRSIG  (DNAME)
> TLD.  CNAME  TLD2.
>=20
> (Auth/Add sections dropped)
>=20
> The validator would ignore the unsigned CNAME and be left with the =
DNAME
> that matches the QNAME.  What would happen to a client that gets a =
DNAME
> that has the owner name that equals the QNAME?  (as in:  what does the
> current validator code do?)
>=20
> Perhaps a new RR would clean things up:  CDNAME (XNAME/ENAME/Whatever) =
which
> would basically be a combined CNAME and DNAME.  That might have the =
same
> problems with DNSSEC.  Or else relax the server rules about =
CNAME/DNAME
> placement. i.e. a CNAME and DNAME is allowed at the same owner name =
(and
> signed), and change the server algorithm so that:
>=20
> If the labels(QNAME) =3D labels(CNAME), then return the CNAME.
> If the labels(QNAME) > labels(CNAME), then use the DNAME (and
> synthesize/include the CNAME but drop the RRSIG over it).
>=20
> Does this make sense?  Technically, only the authoritative server code =
would
> change, but it would only need to be those authoritative servers which =
want
> this feature: a combined CNAME and DNAME RR.  Ideally, whatever =
solution we
> have should work with current validators.
>=20
> Scott
>=20
> On 12/4/09 4:10 PM, "Edward Lewis" <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
>=20
>> At 15:16 +0000 12/4/09, Chris Thompson wrote:
>>=20
>> On one hand I hear "12 years on and no one knows how to do DNAME and
>> many deployments don't have DNAME code."  On the other hand I hear
>> "we can't change the definition because of the installed base."
>>=20
>> Document-wise DNAME is just at "proposed standard."  No one has
>> expressed happiness with the existing definition and there is an open
>> document to update the definition.
>>=20
>>> It's totally unrealistic to change the spec of DNAME (in a major
>>> particular) after 10 years of deployment, and I'm not going to add
>>> an "IMHO" to that.
>>=20
>> You can send proposed edits of the DNAME definition to the editors =
of:
>>      http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname-18
>>=20
>> (I already did.)
>>=20
>> Part of the change I sent in is captured here (the other changes are
>> to descriptive text prior to this):
>>=20
>> In Section 3.2
>>=20
>>    3.  Start matching down, label by label, in the zone.  The =
matching
>>        process can terminate several ways:
>>=20
>>        A.  If the whole of QNAME is matched, we have found the node.
>>=20
>>            If the data at the node is a CNAME, and QTYPE does not =
match
>>            CNAME, copy the CNAME RR into the answer section of the
>>            response, change QNAME to the canonical name in the CNAME =
RR,
>>            and go back to step 1.
>>=20
>> +          If the data at the node includes* a DNAME and the QTYPE =
does not
>> +          match any RRset(s) at the node, then copy the DNAME RR =
into
>> +          the answer section.  If substitution of its <target> for =
its
>> +          <owner> in QNAME would overflow the legal size for a =
<domain-
>> +          name>, set RCODE to YXDOMAIN [RFC2136] and exit; otherwise
>> +          perform the substitution and continue.  The server MUST
>> +          synthesize a CNAME record as described above and include =
it
>> +          in the answer section.  Go back to step 1.
>>=20
>>            Otherwise, copy all RRs which match QTYPE into the answer
>>            section and go to step 6.
>>=20
>> * =3D in the text I sent the editors, the word was "is".  "Includes" =
is better.
>>=20
>> "ANY" and "DNAME" QTYPEs don't chase the DNAME (as in "chasing the
>> CNAME"), if the QNAME is an APEX, the SOA, NS won't chase.  But if it
>> is the MX record you want and there's no MX at the DNAME owner, then
>> you get it from the target.
>>=20
>> The change was motivated by what was done in RFC 4592, section 3.3.3
>> to the CNAME definition, 19 years after the original.
>>=20
>> --
>> =
-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D=
-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-
>> Edward Lewis
>> NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at =
+1-571-434-5468
>>=20
>> As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless =
surfaces is
>> that they're not getting traction.
>>=20
>>=20
>=20
> =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
> Scott Rose
> NIST
> scottr@nist.gov
> ph: +1 301-975-8439
> Google Voice: +1-571-249-3671
>=20
> http://www.dnsops.gov/
> =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
>=20
>=20
>=20



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  7 07:29:38 2009
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Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2009 10:23:33 -0500
To: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org"	<namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, "Rose, Scott W." <scott.rose@nist.gov>
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At 9:06 -0500 12/7/09, Rose, Scott W. wrote:

>The validator would ignore the unsigned CNAME and be left with the DNAME
>that matches the QNAME.  What would happen to a client that gets a DNAME
>that has the owner name that equals the QNAME?  (as in:  what does the
>current validator code do?)

Why would the validator 'ignore' the CNAME?  (I mean, I don't get 
your point.) Unless you mean that it is just not signed.

For a response that involves a DNAME, here are the possibilities.

1. QNAME is the owner of the DNAME, type is ANY or DNAME.

In this case, the response would include the DNAME as an answer and 
not as a rewrite rule, hence the synthesized CNAME would not be part 
of the answer.

2. QNAME is the owner of the DNAME, type is present at the owner.

In this case the DNAME would not be part of the answer at all, the 
CNAME goes un-synthesized.

3. QNAME is the owner of the DNAME, type is not present at the owner.

In this case the DNAME appears as the rewrite rule plus the 
synthesized CNAME.  If the nameserver is also authoritative for the 
target, then the answer looks like a CNAME response plus the DNAME. 
With DNSSEC involved, there would be a signature for the DNAME and a 
signature for the target-provided answer (note it might be that only 
one of the two zones is signed) plus a NSEC or NSEC3 showing that 
there is no RRset at the owner that matches the query.

4. QNAME is a descendent of the DNAME

In this case we are back to the DNAME as we mis-understand it today.

>Perhaps a new RR would clean things up:  CDNAME (XNAME/ENAME/Whatever) which
>would basically be a combined CNAME and DNAME.  That might have the same
>problems with DNSSEC.

I just am not seeing the problems with DNSSEC.

Maybe because I think of DNSSEC as merely supplying the proof that 
what is in "The Algorithm" (which is what first appeared in RFC 
1034/4.3.2 and then modified by 4592 and the DNAME RFC, and now in 
this draft) so - if the algorithm works and is understood by both, 
all we need to get out of DNSSEC is proof of each step.  That might 
mean more negative answer proofs than we'd expect, but that just 
might be what is needed.

>  Or else relax the server rules about CNAME/DNAME
>placement. i.e. a CNAME and DNAME is allowed at the same owner name (and
>signed), and change the server algorithm so that:
>
>If the labels(QNAME) = labels(CNAME), then return the CNAME.
>If the labels(QNAME) > labels(CNAME), then use the DNAME (and
>synthesize/include the CNAME but drop the RRSIG over it).
>
>Does this make sense?  Technically, only the authoritative server code would
>change, but it would only need to be those authoritative servers which want
>this feature: a combined CNAME and DNAME RR.  Ideally, whatever solution we
>have should work with current validators.

Ultimately, I think the issue of allowing CNAME and DNAME together is 
"then what about the SOA?"  DNAME wants to be at a zone apex, CNAME 
now can't be.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  7 07:50:30 2009
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Rose, Scott W. wrote:
> The validator would ignore the unsigned CNAME and be left with the DNAME
> that matches the QNAME.  What would happen to a client that gets a DNAME
> that has the owner name that equals the QNAME?  (as in:  what does the
> current validator code do?)
>   

The CNAME is created for clients which do not understand DNAME because 
they are too old to do so.  A DNSSEC resolver should understand DNAME 
and therefore ignore the CNAME anyway; I don't think this is specified 
anywhere though that DNAME should be understood by DNSSEC resolvers, 
only implied because it's assumed DNSSEC == modern == all in-use RFCs 
implemented.

--Michael



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  7 08:02:26 2009
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From: "Rose, Scott W." <scott.rose@nist.gov>
To: Michael Graff <mgraff@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
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--_000_C742900A951Escottrosenistgov_
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I probably wasn't clear.  The real question is what does the validator do w=
hen it gets a DNAME with an owner name equal to the QNAME (and the QTYPE is=
 not DNAME)?   Right now in dname-bis (and original spec) it's <no match> -=
 substitution is not done (Section 2.2, Table 1).   Ed's proposed text woul=
d make the DNAME act as a CNAME in that case, which is fine, but would a va=
lidating resolver know to do that?

Scott


On 12/7/09 10:46 AM, "Michael Graff" <mgraff@isc.org> wrote:

Rose, Scott W. wrote:
> The validator would ignore the unsigned CNAME and be left with the DNAME
> that matches the QNAME.  What would happen to a client that gets a DNAME
> that has the owner name that equals the QNAME?  (as in:  what does the
> current validator code do?)
>

The CNAME is created for clients which do not understand DNAME because
they are too old to do so.  A DNSSEC resolver should understand DNAME
and therefore ignore the CNAME anyway; I don't think this is specified
anywhere though that DNAME should be understood by DNSSEC resolvers,
only implied because it's assumed DNSSEC =3D=3D modern =3D=3D all in-use RF=
Cs
implemented.

--Michael



=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Scott Rose
NIST
scottr@nist.gov
ph: +1 301-975-8439
Google Voice: +1-571-249-3671

http://www.dnsops.gov/
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D


--_000_C742900A951Escottrosenistgov_
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<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FONT FACE=3D"Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN STYLE=3D'font-size:=
11pt'>I probably wasn&#8217;t clear. &nbsp;The real question is what does t=
he validator do when it gets a DNAME with an owner name equal to the QNAME =
(and the QTYPE is not DNAME)? &nbsp;&nbsp;Right now in dname-bis (and origi=
nal spec) it&#8217;s &lt;no match&gt; - substitution is not done (Section 2=
.2, Table 1). &nbsp;&nbsp;Ed&#8217;s proposed text would make the DNAME act=
 as a CNAME in that case, which is fine, but would a validating resolver kn=
ow to do that?<BR>
<BR>
Scott<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
On 12/7/09 10:46 AM, &quot;Michael Graff&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mgraff@isc.or=
g">mgraff@isc.org</a>&gt; wrote:<BR>
<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><BLOCKQUOTE><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"=
><SPAN STYLE=3D'font-size:11pt'>Rose, Scott W. wrote:<BR>
&gt; The validator would ignore the unsigned CNAME and be left with the DNA=
ME<BR>
&gt; that matches the QNAME. &nbsp;What would happen to a client that gets =
a DNAME<BR>
&gt; that has the owner name that equals the QNAME? &nbsp;(as in: &nbsp;wha=
t does the<BR>
&gt; current validator code do?)<BR>
&gt; &nbsp;<BR>
<BR>
The CNAME is created for clients which do not understand DNAME because<BR>
they are too old to do so. &nbsp;A DNSSEC resolver should understand DNAME<=
BR>
and therefore ignore the CNAME anyway; I don't think this is specified<BR>
anywhere though that DNAME should be understood by DNSSEC resolvers,<BR>
only implied because it's assumed DNSSEC =3D=3D modern =3D=3D all in-use RF=
Cs<BR>
implemented.<BR>
<BR>
--Michael<BR>
<BR>
<BR>
</SPAN></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial=
"><SPAN STYLE=3D'font-size:11pt'><BR>
</SPAN></FONT><FONT SIZE=3D"1"><FONT FACE=3D"Helvetica, Verdana, Arial"><SP=
AN STYLE=3D'font-size:9pt'>=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<BR>
Scott Rose<BR>
NIST<BR>
<a href=3D"scottr@nist.gov">scottr@nist.gov</a><BR>
ph: +1 301-975-8439<BR>
Google Voice: +1-571-249-3671<BR>
<BR>
<a href=3D"http://www.dnsops.gov/">http://www.dnsops.gov/</a><BR>
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><SPAN STYLE=3D'font-size:9pt'><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri, Verdana,=
 Helvetica, Arial"><BR>
</FONT></SPAN></FONT>
</BODY>
</HTML>


--_000_C742900A951Escottrosenistgov_--


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From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
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Answering w/o regard for what's in the specs now (if it is different 
we can attack that next):

Let's look at this response fragment:

flags: AA ...

question:

xn--12345. IN MX

answer:

[0] xn--12345.  900 IN   DNAME    tld.
[1] xn--12345.  900 IN   RRSIG    DNAME
[2] xn--12345.  (?) IN   CNAME    tld.
[3] xn--12345. 1200 IN   NSEC     12345. SOA NS DNAME NSEC RRSIG
[4] xn--12345. 1200 IN   RRSIG    NSEC
[5] tld.       3600 IN   MX       10 server1
[6] tld.       3600 IN   MX       20 server2
[7] tld.       3600 IN   RRSIG    MX

Record 0 is the redirection instruction, validated by record 1 and 
results in the synthesized record 2.

Record 3 demonstrates that there is no MX record at the owner name, 
hence the new rules say "perform the redirection and look there", 
record 4 validates the rule.

Records 5 and 6 are the MX records sought.  Record 7 validates them, 
using the signature of the target's zone.

The validator should look at record 1 and use that to validate that 
there is potentially a redirection to be done and record 4 to see 
that the redirection is warranted.  The redirection rule's validity 
is from record 1, the applicability is from record 4.  Once 
established that the rule is valid and applicable (germane) then 
record 7 establishes the validity of the target's data.

If the nameserver does not also host tld., then only records 0-4 
appear and the first two sentences of the previous paragraph still 
apply.

If there is no MX set at the target (and the server has both zones):

[0] xn--12345.  900 IN   DNAME    tld.
[1] xn--12345.  900 IN   RRSIG    DNAME
[2] xn--12345.  (?) IN   CNAME    tld.
[3] xn--12345. 1200 IN   NSEC     12345. SOA NS DNAME NSEC RRSIG
[4] xn--12345. 1200 IN   RRSIG    NSEC
[8] H(tld.)    1200 IN   NSEC3    H(*.tld.) SOA NS RRSIG
[9] H(tld.)    1200 IN   RRSIG    NSEC3

(I skipped numbers 5, 6, 7 to reduce confusion with the first example.)

Record 8 is an NSEC3 saying that there's no MX at the target's name - 
with H(tld.) being the hash of the name for NSEC3 purposes.  (I 
didn't look but there should be a NSEC3PARAM in the response 
somewhere too, right?)

If the target does not exist, then record 8 is replaced by something 
that would trigger an NXDOMAIN error code.

At 10:57 -0500 12/7/09, Rose, Scott W. wrote:
I probably wasn't clear.  The real question is what does the 
validator do when it gets a DNAME with an owner name equal to the 
QNAME (and the QTYPE is not DNAME)?   Right now in dname-bis (and 
original spec) it's <no match> - substitution is not done (Section 
2.2, Table 1).   Ed's proposed text would make the DNAME act as a 
CNAME in that case, which is fine, but would a validating resolver 
know to do that?

Scott


On 12/7/09 10:46 AM, "Michael Graff" <<>mgraff@isc.org> wrote:

Rose, Scott W. wrote:
>  The validator would ignore the unsigned CNAME and be left with the DNAME
>  that matches the QNAME.  What would happen to a client that gets a DNAME
>  that has the owner name that equals the QNAME?  (as in:  what does the
>  current validator code do?)
>   

The CNAME is created for clients which do not understand DNAME because
they are too old to do so.  A DNSSEC resolver should understand DNAME
and therefore ignore the CNAME anyway; I don't think this is specified
anywhere though that DNAME should be understood by DNSSEC resolvers,
only implied because it's assumed DNSSEC == modern == all in-use RFCs
implemented.

--Michael


===================================
Scott Rose
NIST
<>scottr@nist.gov
ph: +1 301-975-8439
Google Voice: +1-571-249-3671

<http://www.dnsops.gov/>http://www.dnsops.gov/
===================================


-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis             
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.
--============_-951916308==_ma============
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!doctype html public "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<html><head><style type=3D"text/css"><!--
blockquote, dl, ul, ol, li { padding-top: 0 ; padding-bottom: 0 }
 --></style><title>Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and
DNAME</title></head><body>
<div>Answering w/o regard for what's in the specs now (if it is
different we can attack that next):</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Let's look at this response fragment:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>flags: AA ...</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>question:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>xn--12345. IN MX</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>answer:</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>[0] xn--12345.&nbsp; 900 IN&nbsp;&nbsp; DNAME&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
tld.</div>
<div>[1] xn--12345.&nbsp; 900 IN&nbsp;&nbsp; RRSIG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
DNAME</div>
<div>[2] xn--12345.&nbsp; (?) IN&nbsp;&nbsp; CNAME&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
tld.</div>
<div>[3] xn--12345. 1200 IN&nbsp;&nbsp; NSEC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
12345. SOA NS DNAME NSEC RRSIG</div>
<div>[4] xn--12345. 1200 IN&nbsp;&nbsp; RRSIG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
NSEC</div>
<div>[5] tld.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3600 IN&nbsp;&nbsp;
MX&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 10 server1</div>
<div>[6] tld.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3600 IN&nbsp;&nbsp;
MX&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 20 server2</div>
<div>[7] tld.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3600 IN&nbsp;&nbsp;
RRSIG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; MX</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Record 0 is the redirection instruction, validated by record 1
and results in the synthesized record 2.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Record 3 demonstrates that there is no MX record at the owner
name, hence the new rules say &quot;perform the redirection and look
there&quot;, record 4 validates the rule.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Records 5 and 6 are the MX records sought.&nbsp; Record 7
validates them, using the signature of the target's zone.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>The validator should look at record 1 and use that to validate
that there is potentially a redirection to be done and record 4 to see
that the redirection is warranted.&nbsp; The redirection rule's
validity is from record 1, the applicability is from record 4.&nbsp;
Once established that the rule is valid and applicable (germane) then
record 7 establishes the validity of the target's data.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>If the nameserver does not also host tld., then only records 0-4
appear and the first two sentences of the previous paragraph still
apply.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>If there is no MX set at the target (and the server has both
zones):</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>[0] xn--12345.&nbsp; 900 IN&nbsp;&nbsp; DNAME&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
tld.</div>
<div>[1] xn--12345.&nbsp; 900 IN&nbsp;&nbsp; RRSIG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
DNAME</div>
<div>[2] xn--12345.&nbsp; (?) IN&nbsp;&nbsp; CNAME&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
tld.</div>
<div>[3] xn--12345. 1200 IN&nbsp;&nbsp; NSEC&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
12345. SOA NS DNAME NSEC RRSIG</div>
<div>[4] xn--12345. 1200 IN&nbsp;&nbsp; RRSIG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
NSEC</div>
<div>[8] H(tld.)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1200 IN&nbsp;&nbsp;
NSEC3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; H(*.tld.) SOA NS RRSIG</div>
<div>[9] H(tld.)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1200 IN&nbsp;&nbsp;
RRSIG&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; NSEC3</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>(I skipped numbers 5, 6, 7 to reduce confusion with the first
example.)</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>Record 8 is an NSEC3 saying that there's no MX at the target's
name - with H(tld.) being the hash of the name for NSEC3 purposes.&nbsp;
(I didn't look but there should be a NSEC3PARAM in the response
somewhere too, right?)</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>If the target does not exist, then record 8 is replaced by
something that would trigger an NXDOMAIN error code.</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>At 10:57 -0500 12/7/09, Rose, Scott W. wrote:</div>
<div>I probably wasn=B9t clear. &nbsp;The real question is what does
the validator do when it gets a DNAME with an owner name equal to the
QNAME (and the QTYPE is not DNAME)? &nbsp;&nbsp;Right now in dname-bis
(and original spec) it=B9s &lt;no match&gt; - substitution is not done
(Section 2.2, Table 1). &nbsp;&nbsp;Ed=B9s proposed text would make
the DNAME act as a CNAME in that case, which is fine, but would a
validating resolver know to do that?<br>
<br>
Scott<br>
<br>
<br>
On 12/7/09 10:46 AM, &quot;Michael Graff&quot; &lt;<a
href=3D"">mgraff@isc.org</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
</div>
<div>Rose, Scott W. wrote:<br>
&gt; The validator would ignore the unsigned CNAME and be left with
the DNAME<br>
&gt; that matches the QNAME. &nbsp;What would happen to a client that
gets a DNAME<br>
&gt; that has the owner name that equals the QNAME? &nbsp;(as in:
&nbsp;what does the<br>
&gt; current validator code do?)<br>
&gt; &nbsp;<br>
<br>
The CNAME is created for clients which do not understand DNAME
because<br>
they are too old to do so. &nbsp;A DNSSEC resolver should understand
DNAME<br>
and therefore ignore the CNAME anyway; I don't think this is
specified<br>
anywhere though that DNAME should be understood by DNSSEC
resolvers,<br>
only implied because it's assumed DNSSEC =3D=3D modern =3D=3D all in-use
RFCs<br>
implemented.<br>
<br>
--Michael<br>
</div>
<div><br>
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<br>
Scott Rose<br>
NIST<br>
<a href=3D"">scottr@nist.gov</a><br>
ph: +1 301-975-8439<br>
Google Voice: +1-571-249-3671<br>
<br>
<a href=3D"http://www.dnsops.gov/">http://www.dnsops.gov/</a><br>
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D</div>
<div><br></div>
<div><br></div>
<x-sigsep><pre>-- 
</pre></x-sigsep>
<div
>-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=
=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D-=3D<span
></span>-=3D-=3D-=3D-</div>
<div>Edward
Lewis&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
NeuStar&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span
></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; You can
leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468</div>
<div><br></div>
<div>As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless
surfaces is</div>
<div>that they're not getting traction.</div>
</body>
</html>
--============_-951916308==_ma============--


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  7 12:28:57 2009
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From: Alfred =?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=?= <ah@TR-Sys.de>
Message-Id: <200912072019.VAA01473@TR-Sys.de>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
To: Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz
Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2009 21:19:46 +0100 (MEZ)
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Edward and all,

the whole discussion on this thread seems to miss the most
important implication from an application and consistency
point of view, and please also note that the anchor posting for
this thread dealt with alias domain names in the _second_ level
(inside a TLD), not in the root zone.
The situation is a bit different in the second level since
it is much more likely that such domains (if the parent is
"registry-like") shall serve applications at their apex name.
I.e., <someservice> for tld is much more likely to be hosted at
say, "tld-nic.tld." than at "tld." directly, whereas such service
for example.tld is likely present at "example.tld." directly.
(Some specifications and practices even _forbid_ services at
single-label FQDNs.)

Some application protocols require (for various reasons
not subject to debate on this list) that the domain names
appearing in their 'reality' resolve _directly_ to the
proper resource records for the application, and they
explicitly forbid redirection by CNAME or DNAME during
the resolution process.

The most important and well-known example is [E]SMTP.

Assume   xn--12345.tld.  DNAME  example.tld.  ,
and assume mail for the mailbox  JoeT@xn--12345.tld .
An MTA that has to deliver such mail must perform an MX lookup
for the rhs domain name in the mailbox name,  xn--12345.tld.
Whenever the MX lookup does not find an MX RR at the alias
domain name because these RRs are maintained in the 'primary'
zone "example.tld." and hence returns a DNAME and/or a
synthesized CNAME, the [E]SMTP mail address resolution process
immediately falls back to 'address' record DNS lookup, i.e.,
it tries  A and/or AAAA lookup at the same owner name.
This way, you loose the flexibility, resilience, and load
balancing properties of MX.

If there is/are such address records at the owner name of the
DNAME RR as well, and there is indeed an ESMTP server listening
on TCP port 25 there, the fallback will succeed.
But you need to have the address record in the .tld. zone
for this success, and there could be different A/AAAA RRs at
the target domain of the DNAME; so a lookup for the 'primary'
domain name in the 'alias' group might return a different
result, leading to another mail server.  This way, the content
of the primary domain and its alias domain(s) are not guaranteed
to be identical.
Similarly, MX RRs indeed present at the owner name of the DNAME
would run the risk of becoming inconsistent with the MX RRs at
the DNAME target.
But if that's possible, by definition the domains are not
identical and hence the domain names are not proper "aliases".

This consistency problem is the basic logical issue with
domain aliases in "registry-like" domains (e.g. TLDs and,
to a lesser extent, the root), where the zone servers and
operators of the child zone and the parent zone are most
likely different and synchronization of more than just
delegation information and glue at the parent with the child
zone poses new operational and responsibility challenges.

The only means *at a protocol level* to address this issue
in a hypothetical XNAME RR would be to have the server of the
zone containing the XNAME to operate as a recursive resolver
for exactly one step when encountering an XNAME RR and answer
with the authoritative data from the target zone.
But that would cause much more complications for DNSSEC and
would not be tolerable from an operational PoV.


Kind regards,
  Alfred.

-- 

+------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| TR-Sys Alfred Hoenes   |  Alfred Hoenes   Dipl.-Math., Dipl.-Phys.  |
| Gerlinger Strasse 12   |  Phone: (+49)7156/9635-0, Fax: -18         |
| D-71254  Ditzingen     |  E-Mail:  ah@TR-Sys.de                     |
+------------------------+--------------------------------------------+



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Alfred ? wrote:
> The most important and well-known example is [E]SMTP.
>
> Assume   xn--12345.tld.  DNAME  example.tld.  ,
> and assume mail for the mailbox  JoeT@xn--12345.tld .
> An MTA that has to deliver such mail must perform an MX lookup
> for the rhs domain name in the mailbox name,  xn--12345.tld.
> Whenever the MX lookup does not find an MX RR at the alias
> domain name because these RRs are maintained in the 'primary'
> zone "example.tld." and hence returns a DNAME and/or a
> synthesized CNAME, the [E]SMTP mail address resolution process
> immediately falls back to 'address' record DNS lookup, i.e.,
> it tries  A and/or AAAA lookup at the same owner name.
> This way, you loose the flexibility, resilience, and load
> balancing properties of MX.
>
>   
Alfred,
Are you sure about that? RFC 5321 (Section 5, second paragraph) says

The lookup first attempts to locate an MX record associated with the
   name.  If a CNAME record is found, the resulting name is processed as
   if it were the initial name. 


To me, this describes a "query restart". With the above in mind, in your 
example, after getting the synthesized CNAME, the SMTP client's next 
step would be to query example.tld/MX, -not- to fail over to a 
xn--12345.tld/A and/or xn--12345.tld/AAAA query. The benefits of MX 
records are thus preserved.

We don't see this in normal operation, of course, since resolvers will 
"chase" the CNAME and return the MX record(s) regardless. But in the 
pathological case where only a bare CNAME is returned, the above 
language suggests that the SMTP client should take on the responsibility 
of doing the "chasing" itself.

Alternatively, from a more conservative SMTP perspective, an "un-chased 
CNAME" response could be considered a resolver error, similar to a 
resolver timeout or a SERVFAIL. This would be a temporary error 
condition, so the SMTP client would queue and retry, hoping that the 
resolver will, at some point in the future, recover from its malady and 
regain the ability to chase CNAMEs.

Passing thought: perhaps someone should let the SMTP folks know about 
DNAME, since there is no mention of it in RFC 5321, and thus handling of 
a DNAME response remains undefined.

- Kevin



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: DNS Zone Transfer Protocol (AXFR)
	Author(s)	: E. Lewis, A. Hoenes
	Filename	: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt
	Pages		: 28
	Date		: 2009-12-6
	
The Domain Name System standard mechanisms for maintaining coherent
   servers for a zone consist of three elements.  One mechanism is the
   Authoritative Transfer (AXFR) defined in RFC 1034 and RFC 1035.
   The definition of AXFR has proven insufficient in detail, thereby
   forcing implementations intended to be compliant to make assumptions,
   impeding interoperability.  Yet today we have a satisfactory set of
   implementations that do interoperate.  This document is a new
   definition of AXFR -- new in the sense that is it recording an
   accurate definition of an interoperable AXFR mechanism.

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At Mon, 7 Dec 2009 15:45:02 -0800 (PST), internet-drafts@ietf.org wrote:

> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
> directories.
> This draft is a work item of the DNS Extensions Working Group of the IETF.
>
>         Title           : DNS Zone Transfer Protocol (AXFR)
>         Author(s)       : E. Lewis, A. Hoenes
>         Filename        : draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt
>         Pages           : 28
>         Date            : 2009-12-6
>
> The Domain Name System standard mechanisms for maintaining coherent
>    servers for a zone consist of three elements.  One mechanism is the
>    Authoritative Transfer (AXFR) defined in RFC 1034 and RFC 1035.
>    The definition of AXFR has proven insufficient in detail, thereby
>    forcing implementations intended to be compliant to make assumptions,
>    impeding interoperability.  Yet today we have a satisfactory set of
>    implementations that do interoperate.  This document is a new
>    definition of AXFR -- new in the sense that is it recording an
>    accurate definition of an interoperable AXFR mechanism.
>
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt
>
> ...

This draft version has been prepared to make the document ready
for WGLC.  Details are listed below.

  Alfred.



Edit log for draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-11  -->  -12
========================================================

Main topics of edits since -11 draft version:
- addressed editorial nits from Alfred's message (April 1, 2009)
  to namedroppers (cf. Ed Lewis' response on namedroppers of April 2)
- addressed Andrew's WG chair review comments, including idnits results
  (May 27 and May 29, 2009)
- improved adherence to I-D Guidelines and RFC style guide
- adopted capitalization of RCODE values from IANA registry
- added Alfred as document editor

In detail (excluding nits):

General:
- updated draft version, publication and expiry dates
- added pre-5378 boilerplate text, Abstract now first
- added pagination using standard page header and footer patterns
- reformatted all text to indentation stepwidth 3 and 72 column format
- reformatted section headings to adhere to RFC styleguide
- modified numbering scheme for Notes to better match RFC styleguide
- added Table of Contents
- capitalized DNS message section names for clarity and better
  distinguishing them from plain English words ("Additional", etc.)
- made terminology consistent with RFC 1035: Query -> Question section

Sections 1, 1.1, 1.2
- added 'management level' statement of goal of the memo to Sect.1
  (new 2nd para) and link to "Updates" clause in the front matter
- moved feedback editorial remark to behind Authors Addresses,
  adding RFC Editor note to it
- wordsmithing in 2nd para of 1.1 to avoid dangling initial
  capitalization conflict
- moved definition of "General purpose DNS implementation" and
  "Turnkey DNS implementation" from mid-section 1.2 to end of 1.1
- reworked 1st para in 1.1 based on WG chair comments, avoiding
  unnecessary text repetition
- wordsmithing of last para of 1.2 to avoid normative language, and
  delete "editorial note to readers" (as per WG chair review)

Sections 1.3 and 1.4
- wordsmithing of 1.3 to avoid allusion of IXFR / NOTIFY coverage
  (as per WG chair review); however, left para in text because it
  makes comprehensive note of a change in paradigm important for
  many folks (including IESG?) that would otherwise be somehow
  hidden in the bulk of the text
- same for 1st para of 1.4
- break xxl sentence apart in last para of 1.4

Section 2
- updated informative ref for rsa-sha2 draft to RFC 5702
- changed ref tag for dnssec-bis-updates draft
- integrated single remaining ref to an I-D with the list of RFCs
  updating the DNS message format, and wordsmithed the paragraph below
  this list to reflect this change and reduce perceived allusion of
  normative references
- split list of documents into two, for Basic DNS and DNSSEC;
  this should give better guidance to the reader, and it allows
  to get rid of the DNSSEC document list in 2.2.2 that would have
  needed to be indented with the enclosing Note, causing very
  unpleasant line folding
- added reproduction of DNS message header synopsis from RFC 5395
  as a convenience for the reader, and because the text already said
  that the memo makes use of the field names therein; rephrased the
  surrounding text to accommodate the addition
- added a sentence on UDP message size (and EDNS0, giving it a ref)
  pointing to Section 4 to make the penultimate para appear less OOTB;
  simplified trailing sentence on EDNS0 irrelavance for TCP

Section 2.1

Section 2.1.1
- structured Header values table, added more informative text to
  quickly inform the reader
- in Note a) :  added xrefs to sections 4 and 2.2.2
- introduced mnemonic 'n/a' and 'mbz' shorthands for better guidance
  of readers

Section 2.1.2
- added "a single RR" to justify QDCOUNT=1

Sections 2.1.3 and 2.1.4
- language improvement (WG chair comments)

Section 2.1.5
- wordsmithed 1st para to address WG chair comments
- same for 2nd para, but escaped to reducing use of "ought to"
- wordsmithed 3rd para to address WG chair comments

Section 2.2
- made explicit the alternative for subsequent response messages
  to contain an empty Question section  (end of 2nd para)
- 3rd & 4th para clarified as per msg exchange Apr 1/2, 2009
- simplified text in 3rd para a bit to avoid over-use of "MUST"
- whole section is written from the perspective of the server;
  therefore last para re-written in that vein

Section 2.2.2
- added intro sentence similar to 2.1.1
- structured Header values table, added more informative text to
  quickly inform the reader (as in 2.1.1)

Section 2.2.3
- language improvement (WG chair comments)
- case of error message spelled out once again for completeness
- open issue: "MAY" in the 5th line: contradicts FR RFC !

Section 2.2.6
- some wordsmithing for clarity, and to avoid word repetition

Section 3
- added clarification regarding "continually regenerated"
  DNS database, as requested by WG chair review

Section 3.1
- refer to "zone" (in singular form) in last para

Section 3.2
- simplified wording on DNSSEC RRs
- typos corrected in 3rd & 4th "Informally:" bullet
- in response to WG Chair review wrt DNSSEC related history:
  The intent is to point the reader to the (sometimes confusing)
  fact that RFC 2181 (still valid and important in other parts)
  is entirely outdated with respect to DNSSEC.
  RFC 2181 is neither Obsoleted nor Historic.
  This argument would perhaps become moot by the event of a 2181bis!
  New text: "... which parts of RFC 2181 now in fact are historical."
- in response to WG Chair concerns:
  expanded repeated verbiage like  "authoritative part of the zone"
  to "part of the authoritative data of the zone" and similar
- in response to WG Chair concerns:
  the description of two scenarios for inconsistent delegation points
  has been slightly reworded, but left in the draft to provide
  background information for the recovery strategy specified
  subsequently, giving the reader the opportunity to verify that
  the outcome of that specification for such scenarios is resaonable
  (contrary to some opinions raised during the discussion calling
  for a self-fixing mechanism for inconsistencies in zone data to
  be built into the AXFR protocol).
- 2nd-to-last para: "also" conflict resolved using "as well" instead

Section 3.3

Section 3.4

Section 4
- wordsmithing of 2nd and 3rd para to address WG Chair concerns,
  split long sentence
- 4th para: rewritten for the same concerns
- last para: moved to 4.2

Section 4.1
- clarified language in 1st para to address WG Chair concerns
- clarified language in 2nd para (per msg exchange Apr 1/2, 2009);
  changed "given here" to "given below" to address WG Chair concerns

Section 4.1.1
- improved wording in 3rd para (per msg exchange Apr 1/2, 2009)
- 2nd para: MAY seemed to be too strong; the sentence describes
  the only possibility for last resort; so changed to "can"
- clarified 3rd para (per msg exchange Apr 1/2, 2009)

Section 4.1.2
- small language improvement for clarification in 1st para

Section 4.2
- moved clause regarding "future perspective" of AXFR over UDP
  from 4. into this section and text adapted to accommodate the move

Section 5
- rephrased second part of 1st para to accomodate WG chair comments

Section 6
- expanded "not in" to "not present in" for clarity, near the end of
  the 2nd para

Section 7
- typos corrected
- expanded "the earlier sections" to "the relevant earlier sections"
  near the end of the 1st para
- 2nd para (WG Chair review concern): "turnkey implementations" is ok;
  the definition of this term now has been moved into 1.1 (see above)
- wording improved in last para (per WG chair comments), yet
  avoided immediate word repetition

Section 7.1
- wording improved in 1st para (per WG chair comments)
- addressed WG chair comments for 2nd para, using "necessity"
- lost words restored from backup (at end of section)

Section 9
- added RFC-Ed note

Section 10
- regarding IDNA documents: proactively added "or its successor(s)"

Section 11
- acknowledgments updated

Section 12
- reworded 1st sentence to cover the kept [BCP14] ref. as well

Sections 12.1/2
- RFC 2119 promoted to Normative
- updated I-D refs (RFC 5702 published), promoted to Normative
- collation order by ascending RFC number restored
- on behalf of RFC 5395, IANA has outdated the DNS Header Flags
  registry [DNSFLGS] and encorporated it into the DNS Parameters
  registry [DNSVALS]; hence unified references to IANA
- demoted IANA ref. to Informative

Open issue:
  The bulk of documents listed in Section 2 are not needed in other
  parts of the memo; this bulk ok Normative Refs seems to be
  excessive; should these be demoted to Informative?

[]


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  7 17:10:12 2009
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From: Alfred =?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=?= <ah@TR-Sys.de>
Message-Id: <200912080105.CAA02187@TR-Sys.de>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2009 02:05:19 +0100 (MEZ)
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In the previous messsage, a minor open issue for axfr-clarify-12
has been noted:

> Open issue:
>   The bulk of documents listed in Section 2 are not needed in other
>   parts of the memo; this bulk ok Normative Refs seems to be
>   excessive; should these be demoted to Informative?

Here is my personal view:

Opinions in the IESG largely diverge; there are 15 experts on
Normative vs. Informative but only a few DNS experts; so maybe
granting the IESG a few DISCUSSes on this detail will help them
adding their 2 ct. to the document without more significantly
impacting the document progress.  :-)


  Alfred.



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  7 17:48:53 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU... 
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Cc: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, =?iso-8859-1?Q?Michael_T=FCxen?= <Michael.Tuexen@lurchi.franken.de>, William Allen Simpson <william.allen.simpson@gmail.com>
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To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
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On Dec 4, 2009, at 9:16 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:

>> From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
>> Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 07:12:58 -0800
>>=20
>>> 	hence the argument for 1220...

1280 should be specified as the desired PMTU instead.

>> Even then the argument doesn't make sense.  It only makes sense to =
have the EDNS MTU be small enough to avoid fragmentation if
>>=20
>> a) The network can't handle fragmentation at ALL
>> or
>> b) The stateholding requirements for fragmentation are WORSE than the =
stateholding requirements for TCP.
>>=20
>> a the resolver can discover for itself and memoize.
>>=20
>> b doesn't seem to make sense.
>=20
> +1.
>=20
> new recommended reading on this topic:
>=20
> "Improving TCP Security with Robust Cookies by Perry Metzger, William =
Allen Simpson, and Paul Vixie"
>=20
> =
<http://www.usenix.org/publications/login/2009-12/openpdfs/metzger.pdf>

Paul,

Thanks for posting the link.  I will be waiting for William Simpson's =
I-D.=20

This paper alludes to deployment issues for SCTP, but then references =
draft-karn-photuris-01.txt, which is not about these issues.  IMHO, SCTP =
deployment issues can be avoided with reasonable practices and avoiding =
multi-homing in some cases.  The TCPCT paper also suggests the SCTP's =
cookie exchange represents an amplification attack concern, which again =
alludes to multi-homing extremes.  In practice, there are many exchanges =
having greater amplifications, where this concern seems unwarranted, =
especially when compared to EDNS0/UDP typical DNSSEC exchanges.  With =
respect to new transport concerns, SCTP can also be carried over UDP.

I talked to Joe Touch about TCP's deplorable undetected error rate for =
bit specific errors (~2%).  Joe's response was that TCP is not =
responsible for detecting these types of errors, although they are =
common and are beyond the control of Internet users.  While =
yet-another-option could also bolster TCP's inadequate checksum =
algorithm, but it took SCTP nearly 7 years to obtain hardware support =
for the superior error detection algorithm, which is offered as an =
option in iSCSI.  When error detection boundaries do not correspond with =
acknowledgement boundaries, the connection state gets ugly.=20

I also assume TCPCT will not offer a different transport designation =
with which to differentiate clients.  Simultaneous support of TCP and =
TCPCT will incur the same TCP TIME-WAIT constraints needed to avoid =
duplicate segment (data or ACKs) from arriving in TCP SYN-SENT state.   =
One would then assume TCP will be ignored beyond some level of resource =
consumption.

IMHO, progress is not well served by adding another option to TCP, =
rather than promoting a fully engineered solution that is better at =
retaining data integrity and framing, while also ensuring the state of =
the transaction remains known.  Rapidly discarding TCP connections to =
limit TCP related state during packet loss may lead to instability and =
collapse.  Perhaps Java will soon support SCTP, where Google-like  =
approaches to DNS could be well served with SCTP as the transport.  Keep =
in mind, the CPE equipment declared as problematic for SCTP, is creating =
similar problems for DNS over TCP.  A solution needling less resources =
more suitable for CPE equipment could be obtained by using unordered, =
unreliable SCTP.

-Doug


 =20




From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec  7 17:58:54 2009
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From: Alfred =?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=?= <ah@TR-Sys.de>
Message-Id: <200912080153.CAA02286@TR-Sys.de>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
To: kcd@chrysler.com
Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2009 02:53:12 +0100 (MEZ)
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Kevin,
you are right; I have been too hastily; the restriction on non-CNAME
in [E]SMTP does _not_ apply to the primary email addresses, but to
-   the domain names returned by MX RRs (see RFC 5321, Section 5.1,
    page 69), and to
-   domain names given in the EHLO command (see RFC 5321,
    Section 2.3.5, bottom of page 13).

RFC 5321 points to RFC 1035 and RFC 2181, Section 10.3 for these
purposes.  RFC 5321 does not update these RFCs.  However, for MX,
RFC 1035 normatively refers to RFC 974, which has been obsoleted
by RFC 2821, which has been obsoleted by RFC 5321 ... :-)

Regarding lack of DNAME discussion in RFC 5321:  That was out of
scope for the effort for RFC 5321 that only had been allowed to
perform "clarifications" to RFC 2821 and not impose "new" requirements.
IIRC, when the effort for RFC 5321 started, the "rehabilitation" of
DNAME (now performed by draft-ietf-dnsext-rfc2672bis-dname, Sect. 4)
was not yet known to the IESG; the wisdom at that time was that
DNAME had been 'banned' together with A6 (per RFCs 3363/3364).

If you would like to have DNAME considerations in 5321bis, feel free
to contact the YAM WG that currently works on an evaluation document
for the IESG in order to get a sign-off for some changes the IESG
might admit for a Full Standard successor to RFC 5321 -- or ask the
chairs to do that 'officially'.  But please keep in mind:
It might be advisable to personally contact and convince many IESG
members of the necessity to change even less significant details.  :-(
Beware that the politically correct form of examples, the trouble
with normative downrefs (since not all related documents already
are at Draft Standards level), and similar deep issues are of much
greater interest to the current IESG, because there are more experts
for such questions there than for the protocol itself. :-)

Kind regards,
  Alfred.

-- 

+------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| TR-Sys Alfred Hoenes   |  Alfred Hoenes   Dipl.-Math., Dipl.-Phys.  |
| Gerlinger Strasse 12   |  Phone: (+49)7156/9635-0, Fax: -18         |
| D-71254  Ditzingen     |  E-Mail:  ah@TR-Sys.de                     |
+------------------------+--------------------------------------------+



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At 15:17 07-12-2009, Kevin Darcy wrote:
>Passing thought: perhaps someone should let the SMTP folks know 
>about DNAME, since there is no mention of it in RFC 5321, and thus 
>handling of a DNAME response remains undefined.

Please suggest text if you want to change that.

At 17:53 07-12-2009, Alfred =?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=?= wrote:
>RFC 5321 points to RFC 1035 and RFC 2181, Section 10.3 for these
>purposes.  RFC 5321 does not update these RFCs.  However, for MX,
>RFC 1035 normatively refers to RFC 974, which has been obsoleted
>by RFC 2821, which has been obsoleted by RFC 5321 ... :-)

RFC 5321 specifies how to locate the target host. :-)

>If you would like to have DNAME considerations in 5321bis, feel free
>to contact the YAM WG that currently works on an evaluation document
>for the IESG in order to get a sign-off for some changes the IESG
>might admit for a Full Standard successor to RFC 5321 -- or ask the

Such a change would have to be considered now if you want it to go in 
the pre-evaluation I-D.

Regards,
-sm 



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Date: Tue, 08 Dec 2009 11:55:57 +0000
From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
In-reply-to: <a06240802c742e47fcc0e@[10.31.200.244]>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, vixie@isc.org
Cc: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, 'Sotiris Panaretou' <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>
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	Apologies to all if I'm just repeating the obvious.

On Mon, 07 Dec 2009 10:23:33 -0500, Edward Lewis wrote:
> Answering w/o regard for what's in the specs now (if it is different we 
> can attack that next):

	Ed,

	you seem to be suggesting a way to avoid writing up xNAME
	by simply extending the specification of DNAME.  This seems a
	neat procedural short cut.  I wonder what hazards of
	interoperability may arise with existing resolvers which already
	(mis-) understand DNAME.  Are you convinced that this is "not
	a problem"?  Can you convince others? [Assuming that they are
	prepared to be convinced ... 8-)]

	The idea of giving DNAME "weak" re-directing semantics for the
	owner node, over-ridden by "stronger" resource records, seems
	to be significant only at a zone apex, where it would be needed
	to preserve (possible) existing use of DNAME to cover the
	descendants of the apex node.

	I'm convinced that placement of DNAME at a zone cut (in
	conjunction with NS records) makes no sense, as this would
	involve (as DNAME is currently understood) hijacking on the part
	of the parent of all the descendants of the apex of the
	delegated zone.  With the proposed extended DNAME semantics,
	such hijacking would simply become more thorough.

On Fri, 04 Dec 2009 17:23:08 +0000, Paul Vixie wrote:
 >> Date: 04 Dec 2009 15:16:08 +0000
 >> From: Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
 >> Would it, I wonder, be feasible to relax the restriction (explicitly
 >> present in RFC 2672) that a CNAME and DNAME cannot exist at the
 >> same owner name? (I haven't thought this through in detail yet.)
 >
 > this would be a dramatic, disruptive, chaotic and unwelcome change
 > (IMHO).

	Paul,

	You may be right, but just saying doesn't make it so.

	Would you care to fill in the background to your opinion with an
	example or two?  AFAICS, there is no intrinsic semantic conflict
	between CNAME and DNAME, as they "cover" different parts of the
	naming hierarchy: one, the owner node; the other, its
	descendants.  OTOH, there is conflict between CNAME and other
	data which belong to the same node.  It seems to me that this is
	the only reason that it is forbidden to have "CNAME and other
	data".

	Everyone,

	For a node which is neither a zone apex nor a zone cut, either
	the extension which Ed suggests or relaxation of the rule which
	excludes co-incident CNAME and DNAME records would allow
	"bundling" of the kind which Vaggelis sees as the means to
	support the kind of variant label clusters which his country's
	registry (and likely many others) must accommodate.  Otherwise,
	a ned RRtype is needed to do the job.  This bundling is needed
	in parallel to, but not at, a zone cut, as in the following
	example.

$ORIGIN gr.  ; I hope no-one is offended by this choice
;
; zone cut
deleg	IN NS ns1.deleg.gr.
	IN NS ns-a.example.com.
;
; parallel bundled pseudo-delegation
xn--12345  IN DNAME deleg  ; take care of descendants
xn--12345  IN CNAME deleg  ; take care of owner node

	With the extended DNAME specification, the CNAME record shown is
	to be omitted.

	Depending on policy at a specific registry, the "bundle" may
	comprise several pseudo-delegations.  The option of using
	parallel zone cuts leads inevitably to problems either of
	quality assurance or of straitforward conflict.

	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  8 06:40:19 2009
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From: "Rose, Scott W." <scott.rose@nist.gov>
To: "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2009 09:33:27 -0500
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Thread-Topic: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
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On 12/8/09 6:55 AM, "Niall O'Reilly" <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie> wrote:

>         Apologies to all if I'm just repeating the obvious.
>=20
> On Mon, 07 Dec 2009 10:23:33 -0500, Edward Lewis wrote:
>> Answering w/o regard for what's in the specs now (if it is different we
>> can attack that next):
>=20
>         Ed,
>=20
>         The idea of giving DNAME "weak" re-directing semantics for the
>         owner node, over-ridden by "stronger" resource records, seems
>         to be significant only at a zone apex, where it would be needed
>         to preserve (possible) existing use of DNAME to cover the
>         descendants of the apex node.
>=20
>         I'm convinced that placement of DNAME at a zone cut (in
>         conjunction with NS records) makes no sense, as this would
>         involve (as DNAME is currently understood) hijacking on the part
>         of the parent of all the descendants of the apex of the
>         delegated zone.  With the proposed extended DNAME semantics,
>         such hijacking would simply become more thorough.

I don't think this is what is being advocated, but instead give DNAME some
CNAME-like features. The restriction of having a DNAME at the same owner
name as a NS RR (except at the zone apex) will still be part of dname-bis.

The question is:  What would break because of this (if anything)?

Scott
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
Scott Rose
NIST
scottr@nist.gov
ph: +1 301-975-8439
Google Voice: +1-571-249-3671

http://www.dnsops.gov/
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D




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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 08 Dec 2009 09:33:27 EST." <C743CDE7.9588%scott.rose@nist.gov> 
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> From: "Rose, Scott W." <scott.rose@nist.gov>
> Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2009 09:33:27 -0500
> 
> The question is:  What would break because of this (if anything)?

it would break <http://ftp.isc.org/isc/pubs/tn/isc-tn-2002-1.txt> but
there's a simple patch which is to DNAME the 0-9,a-f labels instead.  so,
this is not a showstopper.  (and ip6.int is pretty well dead anyway.)

i don't know what else would break under this proposal.  if it's not a
change at the nameserver layer and the only thing it does at the
application layer is make DNAME more usable for IDN TLD's, let's do it.


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To: "Niall O'Reilly" <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, vixie@isc.org, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, "'Sotiris Panaretou'" <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <C742900A.951E%scott.rose@nist.gov> <a06240802c742e47fcc0e@[10.31.200.244]> <4B1E3ECD.4050706@ucd.ie> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 08 Dec 2009 11:55:57 -0000." <4B1E3ECD.4050706@ucd.ie> 
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In message <4B1E3ECD.4050706@ucd.ie>, "Niall O'Reilly" writes:
> 	Apologies to all if I'm just repeating the obvious.
> 
> On Mon, 07 Dec 2009 10:23:33 -0500, Edward Lewis wrote:
> > Answering w/o regard for what's in the specs now (if it is different we 
> > can attack that next):
> 
> 	Ed,
> 
> 	you seem to be suggesting a way to avoid writing up xNAME
> 	by simply extending the specification of DNAME.  This seems a
> 	neat procedural short cut.  I wonder what hazards of
> 	interoperability may arise with existing resolvers which already
> 	(mis-) understand DNAME.  Are you convinced that this is "not
> 	a problem"?  Can you convince others? [Assuming that they are
> 	prepared to be convinced ... 8-)]

Extending DNAME this way breaks the ability of a zone owner to
redirect themselves.  It forces the redirection to be done in the
parent zone.  This is the trade off that was made when we decided
to do DNAME the way we did it.  The majority of the worlds resolvers
handle DNAME today as it is currently defined.

If we need different semantics, create a new type and use it.  The
currently published DNSSEC algorithms MUST NOT be used to sign the
zone.  We can use the DNSSEC algorithm number to signal that xNAME
is understood.  This should be a relatively easy extension for
anyone that is already DNAME aware.  In the meantime the authoritative
servers for the zone just synthesis responses until xNAME awareness
spreads.
 
Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  8 07:22:32 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME 
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On Dec 8, 2009, at 6:57 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:
> it would break <http://ftp.isc.org/isc/pubs/tn/isc-tn-2002-1.txt> but
> there's a simple patch which is to DNAME the 0-9,a-f labels instead.  so,
> this is not a showstopper.  (and ip6.int is pretty well dead anyway.)

You mean the ip6.int zone that was removed from .int on 6/6/06?

Regards,
-drc



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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME 
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On 2009-12-08, at 14:57, Paul Vixie wrote:

>> (and ip6.int is pretty well dead anyway.)

It's pushing up the daisies, pining for the fijords, etc, and has been =
for some time. Perhaps ISC-TN-2002-1 should be marked historic :-) At =
least, it seems like that very specific use of DNAME is no reason to =
preserve current behaviour.

[octopus:~]% dig @NS.ICANN.ORG IP6.INT NS +norec

; <<>> DiG 9.6.0-APPLE-P2 <<>> @NS.ICANN.ORG IP6.INT NS +norec
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 14939
;; flags: qr aa; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;IP6.INT.			IN	NS

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
INT.			86400	IN	SOA	dns1.icann.org. =
noc.icann.org. 2009120701 3600 1800 604800 86400

;; Query time: 270 msec
;; SERVER: 192.0.34.126#53(192.0.34.126)
;; WHEN: Tue Dec  8 15:22:18 2009
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 79

[octopus:~]%=20



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  8 07:49:05 2009
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To: David Conrad <drc@virtualized.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
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On Tue, Dec 08, 2009 at 07:18:24AM -0800, David Conrad wrote:
> On Dec 8, 2009, at 6:57 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:
> > it would break <http://ftp.isc.org/isc/pubs/tn/isc-tn-2002-1.txt> but
> > there's a simple patch which is to DNAME the 0-9,a-f labels instead.  so,
> > this is not a showstopper.  (and ip6.int is pretty well dead anyway.)
> 
> You mean the ip6.int zone that was removed from .int on 6/6/06?
> 
> Regards,
> -drc
> 

	yeah... that one.

--bill


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From: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
To: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
Cc: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Michael =?iso-8859-1?Q?T=FCxen?= <Michael.Tuexen@lurchi.franken.de>, William Allen Simpson <william.allen.simpson@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
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On Mon, Dec 07, 2009 at 05:43:45PM -0800, Douglas Otis wrote:
> 
> On Dec 4, 2009, at 9:16 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:
> 
> >> From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
> >> Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 07:12:58 -0800
> >> 
> >>> 	hence the argument for 1220...
> 
> 1280 should be specified as the desired PMTU instead.

	not so much - not as long as VPNs exist for moving IPv6 packets around.


> -Doug
> 

--bill


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On 2009-12-08, at 15:41, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:

> On Mon, Dec 07, 2009 at 05:43:45PM -0800, Douglas Otis wrote:
>>=20
>=20
>> On Dec 4, 2009, at 9:16 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:
>>=20
>=20
>>>> From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
>>>> Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 07:12:58 -0800
>>>>=20
>>>>> 	hence the argument for 1220...
>>=20
>> 1280 should be specified as the desired PMTU instead.
>=20
> 	not so much - not as long as VPNs exist for moving IPv6 packets =
around.

I've forgotten to ask for clarification on this when I've seen you ask =
it before.

My understanding of the standard is that 1280 is the minimum link MTU =
for any interface with a v6 address.

My further understanding is that this minimum applies regardless of =
whether the interface is a physical interface like an ethernet port, or =
a logical interface whose frames will be encapsulated (802.1q, PPPoE, =
GRE, whatever).

A VPN which moves IPv6 packets around must be capable of moving around a =
1280 byte packet, or it's failing to comply with the standard.

Are you suggesting that my understanding of the standard (per above) is =
wrong?

Or are you rather suggesting that this aspect of the standard is so =
widely ignored that it cannot be relied upon in practice?


Joe=


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  8 09:10:41 2009
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Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2009 12:03:05 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Cc: "Niall O'Reilly" <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, vixie@isc.org, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, "'Sotiris Panaretou'" <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>
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I've seen earlier posts and am still working my way through them, but 
this one has comments that I can't understand.

At 2:08 +1100 12/9/09, Mark Andrews wrote:

>Extending DNAME this way breaks the ability of a zone owner to
>redirect themselves.  It forces the redirection to be done in the
>parent zone.

In trying to understand what is meant by that comment, let's look at 
the three ways DNAME could appear relative to a zone cut.

1.) Above the zone cut:

$ORIGIN tld.

xn--12345.tld.  DNAME  xn-54321.example.net.
xn--12345.tld.  NS     ns1.nameserver.example.net.
xn--12345.tld.  NS     ns2.nameserver.example.net.

Well, that's an "illegal" configuration as we can't have a DNAME and 
NS together in this way.  There's a conflict between being referral 
to other servers and the query rewrite instruction.  So we are down 
to two ways.

2.) Inside a zone, i.e., not at the apex:

$ORIGIN tld.

xn--12345.tld.  DNAME  xn-54321.net.
;;
xn--54321.tld.  NS     ns1.nameserver.example.net.
xn--54321.tld.  NS     ns2.nameserver.example.net.

In this case, any record types other than SOA, CNAME and NS can be 
present at the DNAME owner.

xn--12345.tld.  DNAME  xn-54321.net.
xn--12345.tld.  TXT    "text string from parent"
xn--12345.tld.  MX     10 mailserver.example.net.
xn--12345.tld.  MX     25 backupserver.example.net.

In the existing rules, queries for xn--12345.tld./(DNAME, TXT, MX and 
ANY) will be sourced from the above, and NoError/NoData for all other 
types.  The proposed new rule would later the latter to say "source 
the answer from whatever is at the DNAME target."

So there is redirection at the parent here, at least as far as I 
understand redirection.

3.) At the apex of a zone:

$ORIGIN xn--12345.tld.
@               SOA    .... .... .....
                 NS     ns1.xn-54321.tld.
                 NS     ns2.xn-54321.tld.
                 TXT    "this is from xn-12345.tld"
                 DNAME  xn--54321.tld.

and looking at the target:

$ORIGIN xn--54321.tld.
@               SOA    .... .... .....
                 NS     ns1.xn-54321.tld.
                 NS     ns2.xn-54321.tld.
                 TXT    "this is from xn-54321.tld"
                 MX     10 mailserver.example.net.
                 MX     25 backupserver.example.net.

Under the existing rules, a query for (xn--12345.tld/MX) fails to 
return the desired records (which is the original problem, if I 
understand correctly).  The proposed extension would "source" the 
answer from xn--54321.tld.'s MX record.  Essentially, now allowing 
the child to redirect.

I don't get how this "forces the redirection to be done in the parent zone."

>The majority of the worlds resolvers handle DNAME today as it is
>currently defined.

I would hope so, because if they didn't do it today as it is 
currently defined, they don't comply with RFC 2672.

>If we need different semantics, create a new type and use it.

The proposal is based on what has happened to the CNAME definition. 
We didn't create a new type for that.

It still is a valid and open question, what does the proposed extension break?

>The currently published DNSSEC algorithms MUST NOT be used to sign the
>zone.

The message doesn't support this assertion.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  8 11:00:14 2009
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From: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
To: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
Cc: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com, Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>, Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Michael =?iso-8859-1?Q?T=FCxen?= <Michael.Tuexen@lurchi.franken.de>, William Allen Simpson <william.allen.simpson@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
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On Tue, Dec 08, 2009 at 04:14:34PM +0000, Joe Abley wrote:
> 
> On 2009-12-08, at 15:41, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:
> 
> > On Mon, Dec 07, 2009 at 05:43:45PM -0800, Douglas Otis wrote:
> >> 
> > 
> >> On Dec 4, 2009, at 9:16 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:
> >> 
> > 
> >>>> From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
> >>>> Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 07:12:58 -0800
> >>>> 
> >>>>> 	hence the argument for 1220...
> >> 
> >> 1280 should be specified as the desired PMTU instead.
> > 
> > 	not so much - not as long as VPNs exist for moving IPv6 packets around.
> 
> I've forgotten to ask for clarification on this when I've seen you ask it before.
> 
> My understanding of the standard is that 1280 is the minimum link MTU for any interface with a v6 address.
> 
> My further understanding is that this minimum applies regardless of whether the interface is a physical interface like an ethernet port, or a logical interface whose frames will be encapsulated (802.1q, PPPoE, GRE, whatever).
> 
> A VPN which moves IPv6 packets around must be capable of moving around a 1280 byte packet, or it's failing to comply with the standard.
> 
> Are you suggesting that my understanding of the standard (per above) is wrong?
> 
> Or are you rather suggesting that this aspect of the standard is so widely ignored that it cannot be relied upon in practice?
> 
> 
> Joe


	i can not suggest anything about your undertanding of the spec or your interpretation
	of same.

	I can say that in my limited (12years) experience with IPv6, generally in tunnels of
	some form or other, than 1220 has been the common path MTU - with the e2e MTU being set
	to 1280 - and hte link layer doing the fragmentation/reassembly.

	YMMV of course.  

--bill


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  8 11:02:41 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU... 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 08 Dec 2009 18:52:02 GMT." <20091208185202.GA23001@vacation.karoshi.com.> 
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> Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2009 18:52:02 +0000
> From: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
> 
> 	I can say that in my limited (12years) experience with IPv6,
> 	generally in tunnels of some form or other, than 1220 has been the
> 	common path MTU - with the e2e MTU being set to 1280 - and hte link
> 	layer doing the fragmentation/reassembly.

i think that rfc limits should be based on theory and validated by practice,
but not based on practice directly.


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On 2009-12-08, at 18:52, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:

> 	I can say that in my limited (12years) experience with IPv6, =
generally in tunnels of
> 	some form or other, than 1220 has been the common path MTU - =
with the e2e MTU being set
> 	to 1280 - and hte link layer doing the fragmentation/reassembly.

By "e2e MTU" you mean "MTU" as far as the IPv6 interface is concerned, =
right? So you're talking about a 1280 byte IPv6 MTU, not a 1220 byte =
IPv6 MTU?


Joe=


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Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2009 13:13:59 -0500
To: "Rose, Scott W." <scott.rose@nist.gov>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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At 8:36 AM -0500 12/4/09, Rose, Scott W. wrote:
>On 12/4/09 6:33 AM, "roy@nominet.org.uk" <roy@nominet.org.uk> wrote:
>
>>  Stephen Kent wrote on 12/03/2009 06:57:19 PM:
>>
>>>  Folks,
>>>
>>>  I am opposed to assigning algorithm identifier values to the GOST
>>>  algorithms, until the WG has solved the alg ID space problem. I
>>>  believe Paul Hoffman suggested this in Hiroshima.
>>
>>  It is my understanding that there is no Algorithm ID space problem.
>>
>
>There could be in the future, but that would depend on a growth of newly
>developed algorithms.  It may be easy to come up with 257 unique algorithms,
>but I'd like to think the crypto and DNS communities could boil that down to
>a handful that are used during any given decade.

The crypto community does tend to have manageable number of 
candidates. My concern is about accommodating nationally-based 
algorithm like GOST.  Russia, Japan, and South Korea all have 
published such algorithms in the IETF in the past, as informational 
RFCs. When we have essentially unbounded alg ID spaces this is fine. 
DNSSEC does not seem to have that luxury (unless one relegates 
national algorithms to the two private IDs (253 & 254). Also, when we 
talk about elliptic curve algorithms the need to specify curves, and 
that can consume IDs very quickly.

>
>>>  My reasoning is that we need to provide a clear distinction between:
>>>
>>>     - algorithms that are MUSTs, i.e.,  mandatory to implement in
>>>  all DNS resolvers and zone signers
>>
>>  There isn't such a requirement at all. The "mandatory to implement" applies
>>  solely to validators. The resolver just resolves. The server just serves.
>>  To those entities, its garbage in, garbage out. It is definitely not
>>  required to implement for zone signers.
>>
>insert plug for draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01 here :)
>
>>
>>  I think you may have been misinformed. I hope that this helped you to get
>>  on the right track.
>>
>>  I suggest we allocate an arbitrary (yet unallocated) Algorithm ID to
>>  indicate Extended Algorithm ID, and adopt the Private Algorithms scheme for
>>  that, and have IANA open a registry. No rocket surgery here. This will take
>>  a fraction of the time needed to exhaust the current space.
>>
>Speaking of OID, has anyone ever used the PRIVATE(OID) space for any
>experimentation?  I've heard some other groups wanting to use the DNS for
>OID lookups, and was curious about previous DNS-OID collaborations.

Good question. if the two forms of private IDs (DNS and OIDs) are 
well supported, then I see a simple way to accommodate national 
algorithm requests, but I didn't think that the request for an ID for 
GOST was contemplating that approach.

>I'd support working to have an expansion clause to the algo code in place
>now.  I don't know if we'd actually need it, but better safe than sorry?
>
>Scott

Thah's my view as well.

Steve


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Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2009 17:14:01 -0500
To: "Jeffrey A. Williams" <jwkckid1@ix.netcom.com>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 4:24 PM -0600 12/3/09, Jeffrey A. Williams wrote:
>Stephen and all,
>
>   Quite frankly it is my position and our practice sense
>implimenting DNSSEC several years ago that limiting algorithms
>in any fashion is unwise and can lead to less than adaquate
>DNS security accordingly.


Can you explain your statement a bit more? I can imagine two 
different contexts that might motivate it, and want to know which one 
you have in mind (or if there is some other motivation behind your 
statement).

In the public Internet, DNSSEC will yield the greatest benefit if 
every user is able to verify every signed record.  This suggests that 
one should avoid a proliferation of algorithms, since proliferation 
imposes burdens on user software. Ideally, one would have two sets of 
algorithms, one current and one "next" to enable a transition as 
cryptanalysis motivates such transitions.

If, you're suggesting that closed environments ought to be able to 
use whatever algorithms they wish, I agree. There are two private 
algorithm IDs defined in 4034, with different ways of identifying 
such algorithms. This allows private use algorithm assignment

We ought to be able to assign a code point to anyone who requests one 
(with suitable IETF references to the algorithms). However, it was my 
understanding that the current space for such code points is limited 
(otyer than  the private alg ID space). That motivates defining a way 
to extend the alg ID space, an activity that I understand is already 
underway. I was suggesting that we impose a moratorium on assigning 
any new alg IDs (for GOST and the slew of ECDSA and SHA-xxx requests) 
until the new code space format and conventions are agreed upon, 
including the criteria for assigning algs to the current space vs. 
extended spaces.

Steve



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Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2009 17:12:37 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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>
>The numeric id space really isn't limited to 256 values.  We just
>havn't formalised how to encode those other values yet as there has
>not been the need.  If/when we get to the point where we will need
>to use those other values it will be straight forward to provide
>them.  253 and 254 are examples of how this can be done.
>
>Mark

Mark,

I think it is prudent to formalize this first.  We already have 
proposals for GOST and a slew of ECDSA and SHA-xxx requests. In the 
elliptic curve signature arena (e.g., ECDSA) one can get substantial 
proliferation of algs because the specific cure, as well as key 
length and hash function all need to be identified. So, as a 
precaution, I think it wise to nail down the details of how to expand 
the space first, so that we don't have to say no to folks who come a 
bit later in the process.

If the right answer is to push national algs to the private alg 
spaces, then that's fine, but I'd like to see this stated explicitly. 
If the answer is to create a new, extended alg ID space (as Roy 
indicated) then that sounds OK too, for national algs. I'd recommend 
using the OID-style extension facility, because these algs often will 
have OIDs anyway, reducing teh proliferation of IDs.

Steve


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Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2009 17:11:02 -0500
To: roy@nominet.org.uk
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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At 12:33 PM +0100 12/4/09, roy@nominet.org.uk wrote:
>...
>  >    - algorithms that are MUSTs, i.e.,  mandatory to implement in
>>  all DNS resolvers and zone signers
>
>There isn't such a requirement at all. The "mandatory to implement" applies
>solely to validators. The resolver just resolves. The server just serves.
>To those entities, its garbage in, garbage out. It is definitely not
>required to implement for zone signers.

Sorry my language was imprecise. I meant to suggest that validators 
of SIG records are the ones that would be required to implement a 
MUST algorithm. I also would argue that zone signer code support MUST 
algorithms as well, to maximize potential interoperability.

>
>>     - algorithms that are MAYs
>
>The sole reason to have a MANDATORY for validators is to gracefully
>consider a zone as unsigned if the parent indicates (by the algorithm field
>in the DS record) that the child is using an algorithm that might not be
>implemented everywhere. The alternative is that all algorithms have to be
>implemented in order to prevent BOGUS state.

I agree that this convention allows for a fallback in case a zone is 
signed using an algorithm that is not a MUST. But, for maximum 
utility on the public Internet, one presumably wants zones to be 
signed using MUST algorithms, whenever possible.

>  > Because we have limited space for algorithm IDs under the current
>>  design, I think it appropriate to agree upon a scheme that enables
>>  expansion of the ID space first, and then to assign IDs for these
>>  these two categories of algorithms.
>
>There is a near unlimited space that allows for assigning algorithms by
>allocating part of the signature field. That is standardized for Private
>Algorithms (see RFC4034 A.1.1). That is trivially adoptable for any other
>algorithm. This is not subtyping.

Whoops. I was not aware of the two private alg facilities in 4304. 
If the intent is to allocation IDs in these two spaces (which do not 
suffer from the ID space size limits that concern me) to national 
algorithms, I think that would be OK. Is that the plan?

>...
>I think you may have been misinformed. I hope that this helped you to get
>on the right track.

the pointer to the appendix in 4304 was very helpful.

>I suggest we allocate an arbitrary (yet unallocated) Algorithm ID to
>indicate Extended Algorithm ID, and adopt the Private Algorithms scheme for
>that, and have IANA open a registry. No rocket surgery here. This will take
>a fraction of the time needed to exhaust the current space.

So you think that the private algorithm space ought not be used for 
national algorithms like GOST? Do you recommend allocating the 
current space to everyone who requests an alg ID, and then flow into 
the extended ID space? I thought it might be preferable to reserve 
the current space for algs that are agreed upon as suitable for 
Internet-wide implementation, and move national algs to the some form 
of extended space.

>I'm dismayed that you seriously consider halting current work (GOST) in
>order to solve a non-prudent problem. Why wasn't this a problem for recent
>work (RSASHA2)?

I think RSA-SHA2 is qualitatively different, if one views the two IDs 
(8 & 10) as Internet-wdide (vs. national) alg IDs.

Steve


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
References: <D9D86CEB-A60F-4FFA-87C5-50D37F7F68F6@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <4F28ABE8-76BF-4073-8E9B-840784D5C83B@hopcount.ca> <D1CFDC19-786F-48D9-B859-047376FE263D@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <8C0C26CA-4D43-472E-B166-B53841DEB37F@hopcount.ca> <20091204150953.GA8919@vacation.karoshi.com.>  <4AED04A3-47EC-4CBF-A069-2962F4EB9F8A@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>  <27158.1259946981@nsa.vix.com> <232E6739-9C8B-41B5-AA7C-3D607E8F4A66@mail-abuse.org>
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Douglas Otis wrote:
> On Dec 4, 2009, at 9:16 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:
> 
>>> From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
>>> Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 07:12:58 -0800
>>>
>>>> 	hence the argument for 1220...
> 
> 1280 should be specified as the desired PMTU instead.
> 
Please show your work.


>> new recommended reading on this topic:
>>
>> "Improving TCP Security with Robust Cookies by Perry Metzger, William Allen Simpson, and Paul Vixie"
>>
>> <http://www.usenix.org/publications/login/2009-12/openpdfs/metzger.pdf>
> 
There's a problem with your MUA, it sends very long lines without folding.
I'll respond to the initial 80 bytes.


> This paper alludes to deployment issues for SCTP, but then references
> 
Thank you for noticing this trivial error that passed by 3 levels of editor.
The correct reference is [14] (not [15]).


> I talked to Joe Touch about TCP's deplorable undetected error rate for bit 
> 
TCP is not a link protocol, and *bit* error rates are not within the scope
of the specification.  That's failed (TPC-style) thinking.  For example,
Internauts run TCP over IP over PPP over X.25 -- we don't rely on the
transport layer for hop by hop link error detection.

TCP has a good transport error detection rate.  There are a number of papers
on this topic with regard to the flawed (TPC) ATM slicing and dicing.  We've
long had an option to negotiate other checksums for specialty environments.

  * NB: TPC is shorthand for "The Phone Company".  It's a movie reference.
    SCTP is a TPC product, with all the usual TPC failings.


> I also assume TCPCT will not offer a different transport designation with
> 
I have no idea what this means.  This is about a TCP option.  Perhaps you
haven't read *all* the references?


> IMHO, progress is not well served by adding another option to TCP, rather
> 
Admittedly, lately I've been ignoring your militant SCTP advocacy.  There is
no reason to expect that SCTP will pass through the 1999 Apple Airport, the
2004 Airport Express, or even this year's 2009 Airport Extreme Dual Band, as
well as Linksys BEFSR41 routers.  Thus far, TCPCT has been tested passing
through these successfully.

This *is* "a fully engineered solution"....


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Date: Mon, 7 Dec 2009 17:12:37 -0500
To: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
From: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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[ Moderators note: Post was moderated, either because it was posted by
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>
>The numeric id space really isn't limited to 256 values.  We just
>havn't formalised how to encode those other values yet as there has
>not been the need.  If/when we get to the point where we will need
>to use those other values it will be straight forward to provide
>them.  253 and 254 are examples of how this can be done.
>
>Mark

Mark,

I think it is prudent to formalize this first.  We already have 
proposals for GOST and a slew of ECDSA and SHA-xxx requests. In the 
elliptic curve signature arena (e.g., ECDSA) one can get substantial 
proliferation of algs because the specific cure, as well as key 
length and hash function all need to be identified. So, as a 
precaution, I think it wise to nail down the details of how to expand 
the space first, so that we don't have to say no to folks who come a 
bit later in the process.

If the right answer is to push national algs to the private alg 
spaces, then that's fine, but I'd like to see this stated explicitly. 
If the answer is to create a new, extended alg ID space (as Roy 
indicated) then that sounds OK too, for national algs. I'd recommend 
using the OID-style extension facility, because these algs often will 
have OIDs anyway, reducing teh proliferation of IDs.

Steve


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  8 12:28:24 2009
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Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2009 15:06:29 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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At 17:11 -0500 12/7/09, Stephen Kent wrote:

>Whoops. I was not aware of the two private alg facilities in 4304. If the
>intent is to allocation IDs in these two spaces (which do not suffer from
>the ID space size limits that concern me) to national algorithms, I think
>that would be OK. Is that the plan?

To date, the term "national algorithm" has not been defined in the 
context of DNSSEC, nor how that is different from "internet-wide." 
That comment should underscore the remainder of my reply.

>So you think that the private algorithm space ought not be used for
>national algorithms like GOST?

Yes, it ought not be used.

>Do you recommend allocating the current
>space to everyone who requests an alg ID, and then flow into the extended
>ID space?

Yes, so long as they have a detailed specification that allows for 
interoperability.

>I thought it might be preferable to reserve the current space
>for algs that are agreed upon as suitable for Internet-wide implementation,
>and move national algs to the some form of extended space.

DNS has never seen a serious run on numbers for any field, despite 
constant paranoia that a run "will happen."  (Okay, the 2-bit label 
type is tight but then again, it only had 4 possible values.)

I don't know how to word my response to differentiating between 
"Internet-wide" and "national algorithms" other than to say "what?" 
Other than resorting to examining laws of countries, how can one tell 
one from the other?  Math is math.

(In the 80's I was asked to define Unix in a standards-based way. 
What made an operating system a Unix system.  Turns out the answer 
wasn't in the code or any technology, it was in the trademark.)

>I think RSA-SHA2 is qualitatively different, if one views the two IDs
>(8 & 10) as Internet-wide (vs. national) alg IDs.

I don't view the case of RSA-SHAx and GOST as different.  Crypto is crypto.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec  8 12:40:14 2009
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Date: Tue, 8 Dec 2009 15:25:09 -0500
To: "Niall O'Reilly" <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, vixie@isc.org, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, "'Sotiris Panaretou'" <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>
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At 11:55 +0000 12/8/09, Niall O'Reilly wrote:

>	The idea of giving DNAME "weak" re-directing semantics for the
>	owner node, over-ridden by "stronger" resource records, seems
>	to be significant only at a zone apex, where it would be needed
>	to preserve (possible) existing use of DNAME to cover the
>	descendants of the apex node.

A while back I described CNAME as "terminal query redirection" in 
that it said "go here and that is that" (with the possibility that 
"here" also had a redirection command) and DNAME as "non-terminal 
query redirection" in the sense that it said "go to the place that is 
the result of your query and this instruction and that is that." 
Non-terminal in the sense you had more work to do to figure out where 
to try next.

I got that analogy from the NAPTR record and it's choice of having 
the recipient follow the REGEXP exclusive-or REPLACEMENT field.  (RFC 
3761, 2.4.1, Flags defines the "U" flag in the ENUM context.)  It's 
analogous in the sense that when the U flag is present and the REGEXP 
is applied to the appropriate string, the application is "done 
DNSing" and moves on to locating the service.  No "U" flag, the 
REPLACEMENT domain name is used for the next step - although as far 
as I know no ENUM proposal has successfully proposed using that 
feature.  (Too scary!  Just like DNAME.)

Starting with the view that DNAME then is essentially CNAME on 
performance-enhancing drugs, then looking at the extension done to 
CNAME seems like it could be done to DNAME.  For CNAME we just said 
"if the QNAME has a CNAME and the QTYPE matches (word chosen to cover 
ANY) one (or more) types at the owner, we stop there, otherwise chase 
the CNAME."  Because CNAME is a name-hogger (nothing else can be 
there, except the DNSSEC stuff), essentially this comes down to 
QTYPE=CNAME or ANY or DNSSEC-type.  DNAME is not a name-hogger so we 
just recognize that the same rule (whatever matches) applies here but 
looks a bit different.

That *philosophically* is the extension, or where the idea came from.

>	I'm convinced that placement of DNAME at a zone cut (in
>	conjunction with NS records) makes no sense, as this would
>	involve (as DNAME is currently understood) hijacking on the part
>	of the parent of all the descendants of the apex of the
>	delegated zone.  With the proposed extended DNAME semantics,
>	such hijacking would simply become more thorough.

Yeah, a DNAME can't be a cut-point (as opposed to a non-delegation 
name or an apex).  For the same reason you can't have a TXT at a 
cut-point, too.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
In-reply-to: <C743CDE7.9588%scott.rose@nist.gov>
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On Tue, 08 Dec 2009 09:33:27 -0500, Rose, Scott W. wrote:
> On 12/8/09 6:55 AM, "Niall O'Reilly" <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie> wrote:
>>
>>         I'm convinced that placement of DNAME at a zone cut (in
>>         conjunction with NS records) makes no sense, as this would
>>         involve (as DNAME is currently understood) hijacking on the part
>>         of the parent of all the descendants of the apex of the
>>         delegated zone.  With the proposed extended DNAME semantics,
>>         such hijacking would simply become more thorough.
> 
> I don't think this is what is being advocated, but instead give DNAME some
> CNAME-like features. The restriction of having a DNAME at the same owner
> name as a NS RR (except at the zone apex) will still be part of dname-bis.

	Thanks for the clarification.  I'm sorry that my careless choice
	of words made you feel it was needed; I ought to have begun that
	paragraph, "I realize that ...".

	With apologies,

	Niall O'Reilly


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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Bundling of Domain Names and DNAME
In-reply-to: <a06240801c74462aa7772@[10.31.201.23]>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: vixie@isc.org, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, 'Sotiris Panaretou' <panaretou.sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>
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Edward Lewis wrote:
> A while back I described CNAME as "terminal query redirection" in that 
> it said "go here and that is that" (with the possibility that "here" 
> also had a redirection command) and DNAME as "non-terminal query 
> redirection" in the sense that it said "go to the place that is the 
> result of your query and this instruction and that is that." 
> Non-terminal in the sense you had more work to do to figure out where to 
> try next.

	I noticed that back then, but understood it in a subtly
	different, but perhaps equivalent sense.
	I like the terminology, either way!

	/Niall


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On Tue, 8 Dec 2009, Alfred H?nes wrote:

> you are right; I have been too hastily; the restriction on non-CNAME
> in [E]SMTP does _not_ apply to the primary email addresses,

It does not now, but it did apply in the past (see RFC 1123 section
5.2.2) and some SMTP senders still implement that old requirement.
However SMTP receivers have not cared either way for a very long time
(if ever).

Tony.
-- 
f.anthony.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
GERMAN BIGHT HUMBER: SOUTHWEST 5 TO 7. MODERATE OR ROUGH. SQUALLY SHOWERS.
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CC: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>, Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>,  Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>, "namedroppers@ops.ietf.org WG" <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>,  Michael.Tuexen@lurchi.franken.de,  William Allen Simpson <william.allen.simpson@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
References: <D9D86CEB-A60F-4FFA-87C5-50D37F7F68F6@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <4F28ABE8-76BF-4073-8E9B-840784D5C83B@hopcount.ca> <D1CFDC19-786F-48D9-B859-047376FE263D@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <8C0C26CA-4D43-472E-B166-B53841DEB37F@hopcount.ca> <20091204150953.GA8919@vacation.karoshi.com.> <4AED04A3-47EC-4CBF-A069-2962F4EB9F8A@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU> <27158.1259946981@nsa.vix.com> <232E6739-9C8B-41B5-AA7C-3D607E8F4A66@mail-abuse.org> <20091208154147.GB21549@vacation.karoshi.com.> <181CD333-B3D3-49FA-BC58-828620E40B86@hopcount.ca> <20091208185202.GA23001@vacation.karoshi.com.>
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bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:

> i can not suggest anything about your undertanding of the
> spec or your interpretation of same.

Historically, 1280B of IPv6 minimum MTU was chosen considering 1500B
MTU of Ethernet and doubly nested IPsec tunneling. I was at an IPng
WG meeting when Seteve Deering stated so.

However, it was also assumed that PMTUD had worked. That is, it was
expected that in an exceptional case of PMTU of a tunnel is 1280B or
so, link fragmentation within the tunnel could be used. RFC2473 says:

   Prepending a tunnel header increases the size of a packet, therefore
   a tunnel packet resulting from the encapsulation of an IPv6 original
   packet may require fragmentation.

So far, it is a pure fantasy of IPv6.

The reality, however, is that PMTUD does not always work and
tunnel MTU must be assumed to be just 1280B, which means MTU of
tunnel payload should be smaller than 1280B or fragmentation
is used within the tunnel. Thanks to poor specificaiton of
ICMPv6, ISPs have to filter some of ICMPv6 messages, which means
many ISPs will filter all of them.

Note that, in the RFC2473, wisdom of IPv4 [RFC791]:

>      In the above procedure each fragment (except the last) was made
>      the maximum allowable size.  An alternative might produce less
>      than the maximum size datagrams.  For example, one could implement
>      a fragmentation procedure that repeatly divided large datagrams in
>      half until the resulting fragments were less than the maximum
>      transmission unit size.

is forgotten, which causes a lot of unnecessary fragmentation.

Finally, note that 1280B of MTU does not guarantee 1024B message size
without fragmentation, not even 512B, because IPv6 header option can
be infinitely lengthy.

The question, then, is "Do you still want to use IPv6?" and my answer
is "No, I don't".

						Masataka Ohta

PS

Of course, there is no point of using DNSSEC, partly because, only a
single key (256B for 2048bit key) needs to be carried in a message
even during key role over if DNS extension for public key cryptography
was properly specified and partly because PKI is merely weakly secure.



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On Dec 8, 2009, at 11:31 AM, William Allen Simpson wrote:

> Douglas Otis wrote:
>> On Dec 4, 2009, at 9:16 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:
>>>> From: Nicholas Weaver <nweaver@ICSI.Berkeley.EDU>
>>>> Date: Fri, 4 Dec 2009 07:12:58 -0800
>>>>=20
>>>>> 	hence the argument for 1220...
>> 1280 should be specified as the desired PMTU instead.
> Please show your work.

See RFC2460 Section 5.
(dealing with IPv6/1280 -> IPv4/ <1280)
 ,---
 In response to an IPv6 packet that is sent to an IPv4 destination
 (i.e., a packet that undergoes translation from IPv6 to IPv4), the
 originating IPv6 node may receive an ICMP Packet Too Big message
 reporting a Next-Hop MTU less than 1280.  In that case, the IPv6 node
 is not required to reduce the size of subsequent packets to less than
 1280, but must include a Fragment header in those packets so that the
 IPv6-to-IPv4 translating router can obtain a suitable Identification
 value to use in resulting IPv4 fragments.  Note that this means the
 payload may have to be reduced to 1232 octets (1280 minus 40 for the
 IPv6 header and 8 for the Fragment header), and smaller still if
 additional extension headers are used.
'---
Additional headers will impact a maximal DNS message size, which
could guide a recommended DNS message size fallback of say
1232 or less, depending upon other extension headers being used. =20

>>> new recommended reading on this topic:
>>> "Improving TCP Security with Robust Cookies by Perry Metzger,
>>>  William Allen Simpson, and Paul Vixie"
>>> =
<http://www.usenix.org/publications/login/2009-12/openpdfs/metzger.pdf>
>> This paper alludes to deployment issues for SCTP, but then references
> Thank you for noticing this trivial error that passed by 3 levels of =
editor.
> The correct reference is [14] (not [15]).

Was the concern in regard to dealing with IP address reassignments =
within
a mobile environment?

>> I talked to Joe Touch about TCP's deplorable undetected error rate =
for bit
> TCP is not a link protocol, and *bit* error rates are not within the =
scope
> of the specification.  That's failed (TPC-style) thinking.  For =
example,
> Internauts run TCP over IP over PPP over X.25 -- we don't rely on the
> transport layer for hop by hop link error detection.

You cut this at bit specific errors.  Don't blame the telcos. The =
concern was=20
not about bit error rates, but was in regard to common error sources not
detected by TCP's checksum algorithm.  This algorithm is highly =
susceptible
to not detecting common errors occurring on the same bus-specific bit
location.  Likely sources could be due to weak drivers within parallel
interfaces for memory or network devices found within typical Internet
related components. =20

In addition, the Ethernet link error detection rate degrades when =
applied
over jumbo frames. The SCTP polynomial restores error detection rates=20
for jumbo frames as well.  As more data is exchange and stored over the
Internet, error detection becomes increasingly  important.  An algorithm=20=

that fails to detect 1 in 50 common bus related errors should not be=20
considered acceptable, and not everything within a DNSSEC message
will have been signed either. =20
 =20
> TCP has a good transport error detection rate.  There are a number of =
papers
> on this topic with regard to the flawed (TPC) ATM slicing and dicing.  =
We've
> long had an option to negotiate other checksums for specialty =
environments.
> * NB: TPC is shorthand for "The Phone Company".  It's a movie =
reference.
>   SCTP is a TPC product, with all the usual TPC failings.

SCTP is an IETF product designed to meet reliability and DDoS =
requirements
necessary to support telco related applications as well as others.  SCTP
originally was intended to be carried over UDP, but was given its own =
transport
designation by the IETF to help in breaking out of the TCP/UDP box.  =
SCTP
includes modes that benefit applications like DNS as well.

>> I also assume TCPCT will not offer a different transport designation =
with
> I have no idea what this means.  This is about a TCP option.  Perhaps =
you
> haven't read *all* the references?

An option working with legacy equipment is good.  The concern was about=20=

mixed TCP and TCPCT support.  The intended use of this extension is to
allow rapid dropping of TCP connections without enduring a TIME-WAIT
period (and likely not always responding to retries.)  The eventual =
behavior
provided has not been fully realized or considered.  However, it seems=20=

unlikely to improve data integrity or stability compared against SCTP.

As a side note:

Advocating for SCTP should not cause one to be described as militant.
Review data presented by Jonathan Stone and Craig Partridge regarding
the high number of undetected Internet errors titled "When The CRC and
TCP Checksum Disagree" available at portal.acm.org. =20

-Doug




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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
References: <p06240807c73cbf3b3b28@[10.1.3.12]> <p06240814c73efb95f24b@[10.20.30.158]> <2BBE98CD-9DC1-4843-9886-A34D7CA4BBD4@hopcount.ca> <p06240819c73f1c4d0191@[10.20.30.158]> <F2C393EB-3A5A-4A99-907D-5537F3927186@hopcount.ca>
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Joe Abley Ð¿Ð¸ÑˆÐµÑ‚:
> On 2009-12-04, at 15:08, Paul Hoffman wrote:
> 
>> Quite right. Note, however, that the main motivation for the other two documents was people who had no-so-positive feelings for the GOST suite (the very limited implementation experience, the known weakness in the hash algorithm, and so on).
> 
> I think if people have concerns about GOST as a cryptosystem, they should feel very free not to use it. However, that seems like no kind of reason to object to it being standardised in the interests of interop between those who do not have such concerns.
> 
Moreover, it is in the interests of those who do not have any other 
legal options except using these algorithms in DNSSec.


dol@




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Subject: [dnsext] Re: Some comments on "Improving TCP security with robust cookies"
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Hello, William,

Thanks for your response. Comments inline...


>> Here are some comments on the aforementioned publication:
>>
> Nice to know Usenix ;Login: is winging its way to subscribers....

Well, Paul Vixie announced the paper on the mailing list ;-) (namedroppers)


>>> However, SYN cookies can only be used in emergencies; they are
>>> incompatible with most TCP options. As there is insufficient space in
>>>  the sequence number, the cookie is not considered cryptologically
>>> secure.
>>
>> There was an idea by FreeBSD's Andre Opperman to use TCP timestamps to
>> store more bits for the cookies. That would make cookies more
>> TCP-options-friendly.
>>
> That was implemented in many TCP stacks, and only gives you timestamps --
> not SACK, nor the new "TCP User Timeout Option", nor anything else.

No. It gives you timestamps, SACK, wscale, and more. See
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tcpm/current/msg02251.html




> Syn cookies were clever, and marginally better than nothing, but not as
> useful as a new option.

I still want to take a look at the draft TCPCT spec.



>>> TCPCT requires the TCP Timestamps Option [5], which in turn requires
>>>  Path MTU Discovery [24] and that the Don’t Fragment (DF) bit is
>>> always set in the IP header.
>>
>> Do TCP timestamps really require PMTUD?
>>
> Yes, please re-read the specification.

Implementation of PMTUD is "required" in the upcoming rev of rfc1323,
but not in RFC 1323 itself. -- hence my comment. (I had not checked the
aforementioned I-D)



>> Sadly enough, I doubt that the reason for which TCP cookies had not
>> been published in the RFC series had to do with their technical
>> properties.  The IETF has largely ignored everything that has to do with
>> IP or TCP security.
> 
> The official reason was the technical properties.  But you're preaching to
> the choir here.
> 
> I still remember when Steve Kent refused to allow IP security to have a
> BOF (let alone Working Group).

And the reason for that was....?




>> Well known issues such as IPv4 source routing have
>> not only been ignored, but later rehashed in "new" protocols (e.g., RHT0
>> in IPv6).
> 
> Hey, you don't need to tell me, none of that was in the original IPv6.

Overall, part of my feedback was meant as comments to the list... (i.e.,
I did not assume any of the above was "new" to you).



 >> This situation has been one of the main motivations behind the project
>> on TCP and IP security I carried out on behalf of UK CPNI.
>>
>> FWIW,
>> TCP security:
>> http://www.cpni.gov.uk/Docs/tn-03-09-security-assessment-TCP.pdf
>> IP security: http://www.cpni.gov.uk/Docs/InternetProtocol.pdf
>>
> We thank you, and reference your paper.

Yes, and thanks for that. Again, this one was input to the list, rather
than the authors of the "robust cookies" paper.


>>> TCP Cookie Transactions (TCPCT) bolster the defense against such
>>> attacks. A cookie option is exchanged as the connection is opened.
>>> These cookies are larger and more unpredictable than addresses,
>>> ports, sequence numbers, and timestamps. They validate the connection
>>>  between two parties.
>>
>> While port numbers, sequence numbers, timestamps, etc., *are*
>> predictable in many implementations, they need not be so. In general,
>> RFC1948-like schemes should be applied to all these fields.
>>
> That's true.  But in the reality-based community, that hasn't happened.

I'd say most implementations randomize their ephemeral ports. I would
say most randomize their sequence numbers, too. Some (e.g. OpenBSD)
randomize the timestamps, too.



>> Note: Figure 1 in your document is incorrect. Only the end-point
>> performing the active close (i.e., starting the connection-termination
>> phase) will remain in the TIME-WAIT state. The only scenario in which
>> both endpoints remain in the TIME-WAIT state is that of "simultaneous
>> close", which is generally unlikely.
>>
> Interesting comment.  But in the reality-based community, that's not how
> folks have implemented.

Are you implying that in mosts stacks, both end-points of the connection
end up in the TIME-WAIT state?




>> As a meta comment, I'd like to see more details about TCPCT... like a
>> draft specification, or something.
>>
> The first 5 drafty drafts were completed last August among a select group
> of implementors.  The last time that I tried to submit to internet-drafts,
> it was closed for IETF.  Since there's renewed interest, I'll spin another
> draft this weekend.

I look forward to it.



> The first experimental code should be in the next Linux release, but it's
> incomplete due to great difficulty working through their arcane process.

Is it available online?

Thanks!

Kind regards,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1






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Subject: Re: [dnsext] GOST algorithms in DNSSEC
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Basil Dolmatov wrote:
>
>
> Joe Abley ïèøåò:
>> On 2009-12-04, at 15:08, Paul Hoffman wrote:
>>
>>> Quite right. Note, however, that the main motivation for the other 
>>> two documents was people who had no-so-positive feelings for the 
>>> GOST suite (the very limited implementation experience, the known 
>>> weakness in the hash algorithm, and so on).
>>
>> I think if people have concerns about GOST as a cryptosystem, they 
>> should feel very free not to use it. However, that seems like no kind 
>> of reason to object to it being standardised in the interests of 
>> interop between those who do not have such concerns.
>>
> Moreover, it is in the interests of those who do not have any other 
> legal options except using these algorithms in DNSSec.
Also it will be  in interest of all to validate GOST-signed zones. It 
was discussed at the beginning of this process.
Seems some explanations were missed.

Dima
>
>
> dol@
>
>
>


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To: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
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On 2009-12-09, at 00:58, Douglas Otis wrote:

> See RFC2460 Section 5.
> (dealing with IPv6/1280 -> IPv4/ <1280)
> ,---
> In response to an IPv6 packet that is sent to an IPv4 destination
> (i.e., a packet that undergoes translation from IPv6 to IPv4), the
> originating IPv6 node may receive an ICMP Packet Too Big message
> reporting a Next-Hop MTU less than 1280.  In that case, the IPv6 node
> is not required to reduce the size of subsequent packets to less than
> 1280, but must include a Fragment header in those packets so that the
> IPv6-to-IPv4 translating router can obtain a suitable Identification
> value to use in resulting IPv4 fragments.

"IPv6-to-IPv4 translating router" is fiction though, right?



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To: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Question on EDNS MTU...
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On Wed, Dec 09, 2009 at 09:23:01AM +0000, Joe Abley wrote:
> "IPv6-to-IPv4 translating router" is fiction though, right?

I fear it is not.
-> http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-softwire-dual-stack-lite-02
-> http://www.techworld.com.au/article/253932/comcast_pitches_ipv6_strategy_standards_body
-> http://gogoware.gogo6.com/4105/description.asp?product_id=178

	Stefan
-- 
There is hopeful symbolism in the fact that flags don't wave in a vacuum.
- Arthur C. Clark 


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On Wed, Dec 09, 2009 at 09:23:01AM +0000, Joe Abley wrote:
> 
> On 2009-12-09, at 00:58, Douglas Otis wrote:
> 
> > See RFC2460 Section 5.
> > (dealing with IPv6/1280 -> IPv4/ <1280)
> > ,---
> > In response to an IPv6 packet that is sent to an IPv4 destination
> > (i.e., a packet that undergoes translation from IPv6 to IPv4), the
> > originating IPv6 node may receive an ICMP Packet Too Big message
> > reporting a Next-Hop MTU less than 1280.  In that case, the IPv6 node
> > is not required to reduce the size of subsequent packets to less than
> > 1280, but must include a Fragment header in those packets so that the
> > IPv6-to-IPv4 translating router can obtain a suitable Identification
> > value to use in resulting IPv4 fragments.
> 
> "IPv6-to-IPv4 translating router" is fiction though, right?
> 

	nope - see IVI

--bill


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Fernando Gont wrote:
>> That was implemented in many TCP stacks, and only gives you timestamps --
>> not SACK, nor the new "TCP User Timeout Option", nor anything else.
> 
> No. It gives you timestamps, SACK, wscale, and more. See
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tcpm/current/msg02251.html
> 
Thanks for the link, I'd forgotten that old TCPM message.  Looks like
FreeBSD has done more than others.  With a secret rotation and 2 secrets!
Cool.  I've only just begun to learn about Linux kernel code, and they
have a constant secret initialized during startup (weak).  They still use
system time for initial sequence numbers, etc.  Fairly predictable.


> Implementation of PMTUD is "required" in the upcoming rev of rfc1323,
> but not in RFC 1323 itself. -- hence my comment. (I had not checked the
> aforementioned I-D)
> 
It's been so long since I've read RFC1323.  RFC1323bis is yet another
reason not to go through the TCPM WG -- how many years has it been, and
still not published?  Sheesh!


> I still remember when Steve Kent refused to allow IP security to have a
>> BOF (let alone Working Group).
> 
> And the reason for that was....?
> 
Unknown for certain.  All we know is that he's probably the male mentioned
in my FBI file who's reporting to some "Other Agency" (likely, NSA) that
refused to declassify major portions of my FBI file.

   "Sources whose identities are concealed herein have furnished
   reliable information in the past except when otherwise noted."

My FBI file also indicates that they sent agents to infiltrate the IETF.

We *do* know Kent required the removal of the PPP LCP encryption option,
refused to publish PPP CHAP, and refused to grant the IPSec charter....
When the NomCom replaced the IAB, he was first against the wall.  Then,
we published all of those things.


> I'd say most implementations randomize their ephemeral ports. I would
> say most randomize their sequence numbers, too. Some (e.g. OpenBSD)
> randomize the timestamps, too.
> 
Not Linux.  There are a fair number more Linux installations than OpenBSD.
We should get more OpenBSD practices into other platforms.

IIRC, RFC1323bis requires a random "offset" for timestamps.


>> The first experimental code should be in the next Linux release, but it's
>> incomplete due to great difficulty working through their arcane process.
> 
> Is it available online?
> 
The usual places:

   git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git


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Subject: [dnsext] Re: Some comments on "Improving TCP security with robust cookies"
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William Allen Simpson wrote:

>> No. It gives you timestamps, SACK, wscale, and more. See
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tcpm/current/msg02251.html
>>
> Thanks for the link, I'd forgotten that old TCPM message.  Looks like
> FreeBSD has done more than others.  With a secret rotation and 2 secrets!
> Cool.  

I'm not sure they ended up comitting to the FreeBSD kernel, or was
actually included in Oppermann's rewritten-from-scratch TCP/IP stack
code (that would eventually replace the tradicional TCP/IP code in FreeBSD).



> I've only just begun to learn about Linux kernel code, and they
> have a constant secret initialized during startup (weak).  They still use
> system time for initial sequence numbers, etc.  Fairly predictable.

Wow. I will check the code. I thought (and expected) they were doing better.

They do randomiza port numbers, though. IIRC, they implement the
simple-hash based algorithm we proposed in
draft-ietf-tsvwg-port-randomization



>> Implementation of PMTUD is "required" in the upcoming rev of rfc1323,
>> but not in RFC 1323 itself. -- hence my comment. (I had not checked the
>> aforementioned I-D)
>>
> It's been so long since I've read RFC1323.  RFC1323bis is yet another
> reason not to go through the TCPM WG -- how many years has it been, and
> still not published?  Sheesh!

It usually takes 4+ years to publish a document within TCPM (there have
been some exceptions, though).



> My FBI file also indicates that they sent agents to infiltrate the IETF.

And your crime was... advocating the use of crypto?




>> I'd say most implementations randomize their ephemeral ports. I would
>> say most randomize their sequence numbers, too. Some (e.g. OpenBSD)
>> randomize the timestamps, too.
>>
> Not Linux.  There are a fair number more Linux installations than OpenBSD.
> We should get more OpenBSD practices into other platforms.

I fully agree.



> IIRC, RFC1323bis requires a random "offset" for timestamps.

It probably does (this was in response of
draft-gont-tcpm-tcp-timestamps, which has been stalled for a year or so....)

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1






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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Thu Dec 10 10:15:42 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 10 14:36:40 2009
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Olafur Gudmundsson/DNSEXT co-chair <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: [dnsext] WGLC summary: GOST DNSKEY and DS records
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Dear Colleagues,

The working group last call started on October 29'th for
         http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost
has concluded.

There was some discussion on the mailing list during the last call,
with about 10 people stating support or opposition.
Most of the relevant discussion was about intended status of the document,
Standards track, some oppose that.

In the end there is in the judgment of the chairs rough consensuses to advance
the document on the Standards Track.
The document has been updated to reflect some of the comments received during
the last call.

There remains one open issue: Section 2 of the document specifies that
the format of the public key be 66 octets, but the first two be 0 followed
by the actual key. There is some discussion that the first two octets can
be used for extensions.
There was a suggestion to remove these two octets from the wire format.

In the past the working group has eliminated all redundant fields and
hooks for expansions in DNSKEY (and KEY) records,  i.e. the algorithm number
is full specification of the algorithm(s) for inter operability reasons.

The chairs instruct the editor to update the document reflecting this change
in the proposed wire format.
Once a new version with this change has been published the chairs will
advance the document to the IESG.

         Olafur & Andrew  



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From: Olafur Gudmundsson/DNSEXT co-chair <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: [dnsext] Draft minutes from IETF-76 meeting. 
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Please send comments, corrections by December 16'nd.
thanks
         Olafur



DNSEXT @ IETF-76 Hiroshima Japan
November 9'th 2009 at 17:40 ANA Hotel Orchid East

Chairs: Olafur Gudmundsson present
         Andrew Sullivan    remote participation

Scribe: Patrik Wallstroem
Jabber: Joao Domas (with help from George Michaelson)
Slides: Edward Lewis


Working group document status was sent to few days before the meeting
         http://www.psg.com/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2009/msg02861.html
Chair agenda slides:
         http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/09nov/slides/dnsext-4.pdf
Jabber Log:
         http://www.ietf.org/jabber/logs/dnsext/2009-11-09.txt
Audio recording:
         http://www.ietf.org/audio/ietf76/ietf76-ch6-mon-afnoon3.mp3

Access Jabber log or audio recording for more details of discussions.


Start of meeting:
Document: DNSKEY Registry States:
Olafur Gudmundsson for Scott Rose

http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/09nov/slides/dnsext-0/dnsext-0.htm
Jelte Jensen wants the document to remove a redundant ?? column in the
registry.

Document seems ready to be advanced after minor fixes.

Document: DNSSEC Algorithm Allocation Rules
Paul Hoffman
      http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/09nov/slides/dnsext-3.pdf


Question reserve test/documentation value ?
Jelte to provide suggested text.

Other than that document is ready for last call.


DNSSEC bis updates:
Olafur Gudmundsson as chair looking for input from working group.

One big open issue "Trust Anchor Selection"
There was intense discussion on what the options are and what they
mean.
There was a agreement in the room to have the DNSSECbis document,
specify what the different policies are but not mandate any of them, as
that is local policy.

Documents in WG adoption queue need review:
  draft-hoffman-dnssec-ecdsa
  draft-hoffman-dnssec-dsa-sha2
  draft-barwood-transport-signal

DNS Transport over TCP
Ray Bellis
     http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/09nov/slides/dnsext-1/dnsext-1.htm

There was some discussion that this is not needed, or DNSEXT is stepping
into operational protocol police.
There was lively discussion about this topic, summary
update the document to be more protocol and implementation specific.

TCP for DNS Security considerations
Fernando Gont
         http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/09nov/slides/dnsext-5.pdf

This was background information for enlightened TCP discussion,
please look at the presentation and follow the links from it.

Stateless TCP for DNS
Geoff Huston and George Michaelson
       http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/09nov/slides/dnsext-2.pdf
Stupid but cute idea.


TCP discussion:
There were some people arguing that 1123 needs to be updated,
there were some arguing that will not help.
This effort is about fixing middle boxes and make sure implementations
support DNS over TCP, enabling operators to use TCP if they so wish.

End of meeting



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From dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org  Sun Dec 13 07:07:18 2009
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Sun Dec 13 10:44:09 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Dec 13 18:59:45 2009
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Subject: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length
From: Donald Eastlake <d3e3e3@gmail.com>
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OK, here is what I think is a stupid question to which I think I know the
answer... but I wish to consult the wisdom of namedroppers.

I am doing a review of draft-cheshire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt. For some
reason, the authors believe that the words of RFC 1034 as follows

     the total number of octets that represent a domain name (i.e.,
     the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is limited to 255

are no clear. I thought they were clear. "all label octets and label
lengths" seems clear and should include zero byte which is the length of the
root label. That is to say, I thought that "all" meant "all". So, if you had
a maximum length wire encoded FQDN, the last or 255th byte would be that
zero length... The authors of the cheshire draft then, however, refer to RFC
2181 "Clarifications to the DNS Specification" where it says

   The zero
   length full name is defined as representing the root of the DNS tree,
   and is typically written and displayed as ".".

from which they conclude that the "length" of an FQDN does not include
the zero byte which is the length of the root label. (Looking further
at RFC 2181, the preceding sentence says "A full domain name is
limited to 255 octets (including the separators)." which seems beside
the point. The length limit in RFC 1034 is defined in terms of the
wire encoding with byte counts, not the ASCII encoding with period
separators.)

So, the authors of this draft have decided that they want their
maximum length to include the zero byte which is the length of the
root label and they specify the maximum length to be 256 bytes. They
presumably believe this is what the regular DNS length limit "really
means"...

So, what's the real story here?

Thanks,
Donald
=============================
Donald E. Eastlake 3rd   +1-508-634-2066 (home)
155 Beaver Street
Milford, MA 01757 USA
d3e3e3@gmail.com

--0016e6dab18eb8f940047aa74de3
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OK, here is what I think is a stupid question to which I think I know the a=
nswer... but I wish to consult the wisdom of namedroppers.<div><br></div><d=
iv>I am doing a review of=A0draft-cheshire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt. For =
some reason, the authors believe that the words of RFC 1034 as follows</div=
>
<div><br></div><div><div>=A0=A0 =A0 the total number of octets that represe=
nt a domain name (i.e.,</div><div>=A0=A0 =A0 the sum of all label octets an=
d label lengths) is limited to 255</div><div><br></div><div>are no clear. I=
 thought they were clear. &quot;all label octets and label lengths&quot; se=
ems clear and should include zero byte which is the length of the root labe=
l. That is to say, I thought that &quot;all&quot; meant &quot;all&quot;. So=
, if you had a maximum length wire encoded FQDN, the last or 255th byte wou=
ld be that zero length... The authors of the cheshire draft then, however, =
refer to RFC 2181=A0&quot;Clarifications=A0to the DNS Specification&quot; w=
here it says</div>
<div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Times; font-siz=
e: medium; "><pre style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; ">=
   The zero
   length full name is defined as representing the root of the DNS tree,
   and is typically written and displayed as &quot;.&quot;.</pre><pre style=
=3D"word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; "><span class=3D"Apple-st=
yle-span" style=3D"font-family: arial; white-space: normal; font-size: smal=
l; ">from which they conclude that the &quot;length&quot; of an FQDN does n=
ot include the zero byte which is the length of the root label. (Looking fu=
rther at RFC 2181, the preceding sentence says &quot;A full domain name is =
limited to 255 octets (including the separators).&quot; which seems beside =
the point. The length limit in RFC 1034 is defined in terms of the wire enc=
oding with byte counts, not the ASCII encoding with period separators.)</sp=
an></pre>
<pre style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; "><font class=
=3D"Apple-style-span" face=3D"arial"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=
=3D"font-size: small; white-space: normal;">So, the authors of this draft h=
ave decided that they want their maximum length to include the zero byte wh=
ich is the length of the root label and they specify the maximum length to =
be 256=A0bytes. They presumably believe this is what the regular DNS length=
 limit &quot;really means&quot;...</span></font></pre>
</span></div><div>So, what&#39;s the real story here?</div><div><br></div><=
div>Thanks,</div><div>Donald</div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" sty=
le=3D"font-family: monospace; font-size: medium; white-space: pre-wrap; "><=
span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: arial; white-space: n=
ormal; font-size: small; ">=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D</span></span></div>
 Donald E. Eastlake 3rd =A0 +1-508-634-2066 (home)<br> 155 Beaver Street<br=
> Milford, MA 01757 USA<br> <a href=3D"mailto:d3e3e3@gmail.com">d3e3e3@gmai=
l.com</a><br>
</div>

--0016e6dab18eb8f940047aa74de3--


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Dec 13 19:36:28 2009
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To: Donald Eastlake <d3e3e3@gmail.com>
Cc: IETF DNSEXT WG <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <1028365c0912131848p29de845fte3d53835e851b470@mail.gmail.com> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 13 Dec 2009 21:48:08 CDT." <1028365c0912131848p29de845fte3d53835e851b470@mail.gmail.com> 
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In message <1028365c0912131848p29de845fte3d53835e851b470@mail.gmail.com>, Donal
d Eastlake writes:
> OK, here is what I think is a stupid question to which I think I know the
> answer... but I wish to consult the wisdom of namedroppers.
> 
> I am doing a review of draft-cheshire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt. For some
> reason, the authors believe that the words of RFC 1034 as follows
> 
>      the total number of octets that represent a domain name (i.e.,
>      the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is limited to 255
> 
> are no clear. I thought they were clear. "all label octets and label
> lengths" seems clear and should include zero byte which is the length of the
> root label. That is to say, I thought that "all" meant "all". So, if you had
> a maximum length wire encoded FQDN, the last or 255th byte would be that
> zero length... The authors of the cheshire draft then, however, refer to RFC
> 2181 "Clarifications to the DNS Specification" where it says
> 
>    The zero
>    length full name is defined as representing the root of the DNS tree,
>    and is typically written and displayed as ".".
> 
> from which they conclude that the "length" of an FQDN does not include
> the zero byte which is the length of the root label. (Looking further
> at RFC 2181, the preceding sentence says "A full domain name is
> limited to 255 octets (including the separators)." which seems beside
> the point. The length limit in RFC 1034 is defined in terms of the
> wire encoding with byte counts, not the ASCII encoding with period
> separators.)
> 
> So, the authors of this draft have decided that they want their
> maximum length to include the zero byte which is the length of the
> root label and they specify the maximum length to be 256 bytes. They
> presumably believe this is what the regular DNS length limit "really
> means"...
> 
> So, what's the real story here?

The wire limit is 255 octets.  The presentation limit is 1004 bytes.
1005 bytes for null terminated C strings.  The biggest hostname
(LDH) which can be wire encoded is 253 bytes.  Note hostnames do
not have a trailing period.

1004 = (63 + 63 + 63 + 61) * 4 (\DDD encoded labels characters) +
       4 (periods at end of labels)

Mark
> Thanks,
> Donald
> =============================
> Donald E. Eastlake 3rd   +1-508-634-2066 (home)
> 155 Beaver Street
> Milford, MA 01757 USA
> d3e3e3@gmail.com
> 
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


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References: <1028365c0912131848p29de845fte3d53835e851b470@mail.gmail.com> <200912140327.nBE3RnRG017542@drugs.dv.isc.org>
Date: Sun, 13 Dec 2009 22:38:14 -0500
Message-ID: <1028365c0912131938k7f9d790dvcb08326db21b7ef2@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length
From: Donald Eastlake <d3e3e3@gmail.com>
To: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
Cc: IETF DNSEXT WG <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
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--0016e6dab093e59bef047aa80005
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

That's exactly what I thought. So an example of the wire encoding of a
maximum length FQDN could be four labels of 63, 63, 63, and 61 bytes = 250
bytes plus the one byte lengths for these four labels plus the one byte of
value zero for the terminating root label = 250 + 4 + 1 = 255 bytes.

Thanks,
Donald

On Sun, Dec 13, 2009 at 10:27 PM, Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:

>
> In message <1028365c0912131848p29de845fte3d53835e851b470@mail.gmail.com>,
> Donal
> d Eastlake writes:
> > OK, here is what I think is a stupid question to which I think I know the
> > answer... but I wish to consult the wisdom of namedroppers.
> >
> > I am doing a review of draft-cheshire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt. For
> some
> > reason, the authors believe that the words of RFC 1034 as follows
> >
> >      the total number of octets that represent a domain name (i.e.,
> >      the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is limited to 255
> >
> > are no clear. I thought they were clear. "all label octets and label
> > lengths" seems clear and should include zero byte which is the length of
> the
> > root label. That is to say, I thought that "all" meant "all". So, if you
> had
> > a maximum length wire encoded FQDN, the last or 255th byte would be that
> > zero length... The authors of the cheshire draft then, however, refer to
> RFC
> > 2181 "Clarifications to the DNS Specification" where it says
> >
> >    The zero
> >    length full name is defined as representing the root of the DNS tree,
> >    and is typically written and displayed as ".".
> >
> > from which they conclude that the "length" of an FQDN does not include
> > the zero byte which is the length of the root label. (Looking further
> > at RFC 2181, the preceding sentence says "A full domain name is
> > limited to 255 octets (including the separators)." which seems beside
> > the point. The length limit in RFC 1034 is defined in terms of the
> > wire encoding with byte counts, not the ASCII encoding with period
> > separators.)
> >
> > So, the authors of this draft have decided that they want their
> > maximum length to include the zero byte which is the length of the
> > root label and they specify the maximum length to be 256 bytes. They
> > presumably believe this is what the regular DNS length limit "really
> > means"...
> >
> > So, what's the real story here?
>
> The wire limit is 255 octets.  The presentation limit is 1004 bytes.
> 1005 bytes for null terminated C strings.  The biggest hostname
> (LDH) which can be wire encoded is 253 bytes.  Note hostnames do
> not have a trailing period.
>
> 1004 = (63 + 63 + 63 + 61) * 4 (\DDD encoded labels characters) +
>       4 (periods at end of labels)
>
> Mark
> > Thanks,
> > Donald
> > =============================
> > Donald E. Eastlake 3rd   +1-508-634-2066 (home)
> > 155 Beaver Street
> > Milford, MA 01757 USA
> > d3e3e3@gmail.com
> >
> --
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
>

--0016e6dab093e59bef047aa80005
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div class=3D"gmail_quote">That&#39;s exactly what I thought. So an example=
 of the wire encoding of a maximum length FQDN could be four labels of 63, =
63, 63, and 61 bytes =3D 250 bytes plus the one byte lengths for these four=
 labels plus the one byte of value zero for the terminating root label =3D =
250 + 4 + 1 =3D 255 bytes.</div>
<div class=3D"gmail_quote"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote">Thanks,</di=
v><div class=3D"gmail_quote">Donald</div><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><br></d=
iv><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Sun, Dec 13, 2009 at 10:27 PM, Mark Andrew=
s <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:marka@isc.org">marka@isc.org</a>&=
gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;"><br>
In message &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:1028365c0912131848p29de845fte3d53835e851b4=
70@mail.gmail.com">1028365c0912131848p29de845fte3d53835e851b470@mail.gmail.=
com</a>&gt;, Donal<br>
<div><div></div><div class=3D"h5">d Eastlake writes:<br>
&gt; OK, here is what I think is a stupid question to which I think I know =
the<br>
&gt; answer... but I wish to consult the wisdom of namedroppers.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; I am doing a review of draft-cheshire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt. For =
some<br>
&gt; reason, the authors believe that the words of RFC 1034 as follows<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0the total number of octets that represent a domain name (i.=
e.,<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0 =A0the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is limited t=
o 255<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; are no clear. I thought they were clear. &quot;all label octets and la=
bel<br>
&gt; lengths&quot; seems clear and should include zero byte which is the le=
ngth of the<br>
&gt; root label. That is to say, I thought that &quot;all&quot; meant &quot=
;all&quot;. So, if you had<br>
&gt; a maximum length wire encoded FQDN, the last or 255th byte would be th=
at<br>
&gt; zero length... The authors of the cheshire draft then, however, refer =
to RFC<br>
&gt; 2181 &quot;Clarifications to the DNS Specification&quot; where it says=
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0The zero<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0length full name is defined as representing the root of the DNS=
 tree,<br>
&gt; =A0 =A0and is typically written and displayed as &quot;.&quot;.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; from which they conclude that the &quot;length&quot; of an FQDN does n=
ot include<br>
&gt; the zero byte which is the length of the root label. (Looking further<=
br>
&gt; at RFC 2181, the preceding sentence says &quot;A full domain name is<b=
r>
&gt; limited to 255 octets (including the separators).&quot; which seems be=
side<br>
&gt; the point. The length limit in RFC 1034 is defined in terms of the<br>
&gt; wire encoding with byte counts, not the ASCII encoding with period<br>
&gt; separators.)<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; So, the authors of this draft have decided that they want their<br>
&gt; maximum length to include the zero byte which is the length of the<br>
&gt; root label and they specify the maximum length to be 256 bytes. They<b=
r>
&gt; presumably believe this is what the regular DNS length limit &quot;rea=
lly<br>
&gt; means&quot;...<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; So, what&#39;s the real story here?<br>
<br>
</div></div>The wire limit is 255 octets. =A0The presentation limit is 1004=
 bytes.<br>
1005 bytes for null terminated C strings. =A0The biggest hostname<br>
(LDH) which can be wire encoded is 253 bytes. =A0Note hostnames do<br>
not have a trailing period.<br>
<br>
1004 =3D (63 + 63 + 63 + 61) * 4 (\DDD encoded labels characters) +<br>
 =A0 =A0 =A0 4 (periods at end of labels)<br>
<br>
Mark<br>
<div><div></div><div class=3D"h5">&gt; Thanks,<br>
&gt; Donald<br>
&gt; =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D<br>
&gt; Donald E. Eastlake 3rd =A0 +1-508-634-2066 (home)<br>
&gt; 155 Beaver Street<br>
&gt; Milford, MA 01757 USA<br>
&gt; <a href=3D"mailto:d3e3e3@gmail.com">d3e3e3@gmail.com</a><br>
&gt;<br>
</div></div><font color=3D"#888888">--<br>
Mark Andrews, ISC<br>
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia<br>
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 INTERNET: <a href=3D=
"mailto:marka@isc.org">marka@isc.org</a><br>
</font></blockquote></div><br>

--0016e6dab093e59bef047aa80005--


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 06:10:49 2009
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From: Danny Mayer <mayer@gis.net>
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To: William Allen Simpson <william.allen.simpson@gmail.com>
Cc: Fernando Gont <fernando@gont.com.ar>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, perry@piermont.com, vixie@isc.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: Some comments on "Improving TCP security with robust cookies"
References: <4B19E27A.5070201@gont.com.ar> <4B1A50E5.4020707@gmail.com> <4B1F5D6D.8020406@gont.com.ar> <4B201361.6030003@gmail.com>
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William Allen Simpson wrote:
> Fernando Gont wrote:
>>> That was implemented in many TCP stacks, and only gives you
>>> timestamps --
>>> not SACK, nor the new "TCP User Timeout Option", nor anything else.
>>
>> No. It gives you timestamps, SACK, wscale, and more. See
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tcpm/current/msg02251.html
>>
> Thanks for the link, I'd forgotten that old TCPM message.  Looks like
> FreeBSD has done more than others.  With a secret rotation and 2 secrets!
> Cool.  I've only just begun to learn about Linux kernel code, and they
> have a constant secret initialized during startup (weak).  They still use
> system time for initial sequence numbers, etc.  Fairly predictable.
> 

Well that gets really interesting because you won't have started ntpd to
synchronize the system clock since it has to wait for the IP stack to be
available. So what system time is "used" is somewhat unpredictable. I
guess there's some randomness in that!

>> I'd say most implementations randomize their ephemeral ports. I would
>> say most randomize their sequence numbers, too. Some (e.g. OpenBSD)
>> randomize the timestamps, too.
>>

After or before the system time is synchronized?

Danny

> Not Linux.  There are a fair number more Linux installations than OpenBSD.
> We should get more OpenBSD practices into other platforms.
> 
> IIRC, RFC1323bis requires a random "offset" for timestamps.
> 
> 
>>> The first experimental code should be in the next Linux release, but
>>> it's
>>> incomplete due to great difficulty working through their arcane process.
>>
>> Is it available online?
>>
> The usual places:
> 
>   git clone
> git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git
> 
> 
> 


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From: Bob Halley <Bob.Halley@nominum.com>
To: Donald Eastlake <d3e3e3@gmail.com>
CC: IETF DNSEXT WG <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 07:09:53 -0800
Subject: Re: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length
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On 14 Dec 2009, at 02:48, Donald Eastlake wrote:

OK, here is what I think is a stupid question to which I think I know the a=
nswer... but I wish to consult the wisdom of namedroppers.

I am doing a review of draft-cheshire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt. For some =
reason, the authors believe that the words of RFC 1034 as follows

     the total number of octets that represent a domain name (i.e.,
     the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is limited to 255

are no clear. I thought they were clear. "all label octets and label length=
s" seems clear and should include zero byte which is the length of the root=
 label. That is to say, I thought that "all" meant "all". So, if you had a =
maximum length wire encoded FQDN, the last or 255th byte would be that zero=
 length...

I too think that it is clear.  As further proof, I offer

RFC 1034, section 3.1:

 "Each node has a label, which is zero to 63 octets in length.  Brother nod=
es may not have the same label, although the same label can be used
for nodes which are not brothers.  One label is reserved, and that is the n=
ull (i.e., zero length) label used for the root.

"The domain name of a node is the list of the labels on the path from the n=
ode to the root of the tree.  By convention, the labels that compose a doma=
in name are printed or read left to right, from the most specific (lowest, =
farthest from the root) to the least specific (highest, closest to the root=
)."

While this doesn't specifically say the the root node of the tree is includ=
ed in the path, it can be reasonably inferred by the fact that the root lab=
el is defined, which you wouldn't need to do in the case where the root was=
n't included.

In other words, the root domain name is "the list consisting of a single el=
ement, namely the null label", and not "the empty list".

RFC 1035 section 3.1 supports this interpretation:

"Domain names in messages are expressed in terms of a sequence of labels. E=
ach label is represented as a one octet length field followed by that numbe=
r of octets.  Since every domain name ends with the null label of the root,=
 a domain name is terminated by a length byte of zero.  The high order two =
bits of every length octet must be zero, and the remaining six bits of the =
length field limit the label to 63 octets or less.

"To simplify implementations, the total length of a domain name (i.e. label=
 octets and label length octets) is restricted to 255 octets or less."

The authors of the cheshire draft then, however, refer to RFC 2181 "Clarifi=
cations to the DNS Specification" where it says

   The zero
   length full name is defined as representing the root of the DNS tree,
   and is typically written and displayed as ".".

This section of RFC 2181 is somewhat confusing, as it's talking about both =
"octets" and "separators" in the same sentence -- "octets" implies wire enc=
oding, but "separators" implies text encoding.

So, what's the real story here?

I think RFC 1034 and 1035 are very clear, and that RFC 2181 should have sai=
d something more like

'The domain name of the root of the DNS tree is represented by a label sequ=
ence consisting of the the null label.  The textual form of this name is ".=
".'

/Bob




--_000_F15949D3AAFC4CAC9D16610C7AE86BF2nominumcom_
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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode:=
 space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><br><div><div>On 14 Dec 20=
09, at 02:48, Donald Eastlake wrote:</div><br class=3D"Apple-interchange-ne=
wline"><blockquote type=3D"cite">OK, here is what I think is a stupid quest=
ion to which I think I know the answer... but I wish to consult the wisdom =
of namedroppers.<div><br></div><div>I am doing a review of&nbsp;draft-chesh=
ire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt. For some reason, the authors believe that t=
he words of RFC 1034 as follows</div>
<div><br></div><div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; the total number of octets tha=
t represent a domain name (i.e.,</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; the sum of a=
ll label octets and label lengths) is limited to 255</div><div><br></div><d=
iv>are no clear. I thought they were clear. "all label octets and label len=
gths" seems clear and should include zero byte which is the length of the r=
oot label. That is to say, I thought that "all" meant "all". So, if you had=
 a maximum length wire encoded FQDN, the last or 255th byte would be that z=
ero length...</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I too think that =
it is clear. &nbsp;As further proof, I offer</div><div><br></div><div>RFC 1=
034, section 3.1:</div><div><br></div><div>&nbsp;"Each node has a label, wh=
ich is zero to 63 octets in length. &nbsp;Brother&nbsp;nodes may not have t=
he same label, although the same label can be used</div><div>for nodes whic=
h are not brothers. &nbsp;One label is reserved, and that is&nbsp;the null =
(i.e., zero length) label used for the root.</div><div><br></div><div>"The =
domain name of a node is the list of the labels on the path from the&nbsp;n=
ode to the root of the tree. &nbsp;By convention, the labels that compose a=
&nbsp;domain name are printed or read left to right, from the most specific=
&nbsp;(lowest, farthest from the root) to the least specific (highest, clos=
est&nbsp;to the root)."</div><div><br></div><div>While this doesn't specifi=
cally say the the root node of the tree is included in the path, it can be =
reasonably inferred by the fact that the root label is defined, which you w=
ouldn't need to do in the case where the root wasn't included.</div><div><b=
r></div><div>In other words, the root domain name is "the list consisting o=
f a single element, namely the null label", and not "the empty list".</div>=
<div><br></div><div>RFC 1035 section 3.1 supports this interpretation:</div=
><div><br></div><div><div>"Domain names in messages are expressed in terms =
of a sequence of labels.&nbsp;Each label is represented as a one octet leng=
th field followed by that&nbsp;number of octets. &nbsp;Since every domain n=
ame ends with the null label of&nbsp;the root, a domain name is terminated =
by a length byte of zero. &nbsp;The&nbsp;high order two bits of every lengt=
h octet must be zero, and the&nbsp;remaining six bits of the length field l=
imit the label to 63 octets or&nbsp;less.</div><div><br></div><div>"To simp=
lify implementations, the total length of a domain name (i.e.&nbsp;label oc=
tets and label length octets) is restricted to 255 octets or&nbsp;less."</d=
iv></div><div><br></div><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div><div> The authors of=
 the cheshire draft then, however, refer to RFC 2181&nbsp;"Clarifications&n=
bsp;to the DNS Specification" where it says</div>
<div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"font-family: Times; "><pre s=
tyle=3D"word-wrap: break-word; white-space: pre-wrap; ">   The zero
   length full name is defined as representing the root of the DNS tree,
   and is typically written and displayed as ".".</pre></span></div></div><=
/blockquote><div><br></div>This section of RFC 2181 is somewhat confusing, =
as it's talking about both "octets" and "separators" in the same sentence -=
- "octets" implies wire encoding, but "separators" implies text encoding.<b=
r><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" styl=
e=3D"font-family: Times; font-size: medium; "><pre style=3D"word-wrap: brea=
k-word; white-space: pre-wrap; ">So, what's the real story here?</pre></spa=
n></div></div></blockquote>I think RFC 1034 and 1035 are very clear, and th=
at RFC 2181 should have said something more like</div><div><br></div><div>'=
The domain name of the root of the DNS tree is represented by a label seque=
nce consisting of the the null label. &nbsp;The textual form of this name i=
s ".".'</div><div><br></div><div>/Bob</div><div><br><div><br></div><div><br=
></div></div></body></html>=

--_000_F15949D3AAFC4CAC9D16610C7AE86BF2nominumcom_--


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 11:31:48 2009
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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 14:18:10 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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Dear colleagues,

We note that the period for requesting meeting slots for Anaheim has
opened.

Right now, we do not see any business before the WG that will reqire
the nominally-sleeping WG to meet in Anaheim.  We have a number of
WGLC that will take place before the Anaheim meeting, however, and we
are prepared to modify our position before the cutoff date for slot
request.  That cutoff is 8 Feb.

In order to make planning for participants as orderly as possible, we
will make a final determination by 15 Jan.  If by 15 Jan we have _not_
announced that there will be a session in Anaheim, you may conclude
that there will be no session.

In case participants have work items that they believe the WG ought to
consider in a face to face meeting, we will accept proposals for
topics for a possible WG meeting agenda until 8 Jan 2010.  If you have
such an item in mind, please tell us as soon as possible so that we
can evaluate whether a meeting is in fact needed.  We make no
commitment to hold a session to address an item if that item comes to
our attention after 8 January.  Please send all such requests to
dnsext-chairs@tools.ietf.org.

Best regards,

Andrew & Olafur

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 13:19:16 2009
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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 16:07:58 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
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Something thrown out for discussion...a topic that seems to have grown cold.

Following up on two things - the recent thread on changing the DNAME 
and the discussion of Yao Jiankang's draft presented at IETF 76 - 
there seems to be a desire to be able to make two zones "behave the 
same."

What does that mean?

Okay, before diving into that, what about just having two domains act 
the same.  That is a related desire - it means the top of the domain 
need not own an SOA (so it extends the question) and it means that 
the behavior transcends the zone boundary (hence it is more 
politically correct than saying "sameness in zone").

So, what does it mean for two domains "to act" the same?

Let's call the domain we want to be "the front" X and the domain to 
be "the back end" Y.

We want - for all non empty values of $label, the responses for

$label.X/class/type to be the same as $label.Y/class/type

We also want for some values of $type, the responses for

X/class/$type to be the same as Y/class/$type

E.g., Using a non-TLD and mixed-label-depth example, X = 
xn-12345.example. and Y = company1.myzone.tld.:
www.xn-12345.example./IN/A and www.company1.myzone.tld./IN/A
xn-12345.example./IN/MX and company1.myzone.tld./IN/MX

"Some values of $type" includes - the records supporting DNSSEC, the 
record supporting the query redirection, and what else?  SOA?  NS? 
Or maybe anything at X?

(I've written this with a mind towards the extension of DNAME 
proposed last week.  So in the latter list I did not include DNAME 
nor CNAME.  Otherwise we may have to include these depending on the 
interaction of another type with D/CNAME.)

What I didn't provide details on was "be the same as".  What I have 
in mind is - both responses have the same RDATA for the $type 
returned - and are just as "usable" - referring to restrictions on 
when a target can't be a "CNAME".

E.g.,
www.xn-12345.example./IN/A

www.xn-12345.example.    IN  CNAME www.company1.myzone.tld.
www.company1.myzone.tld. IN  A     192.0.2.34

and

www.company1.myzone.tld. IN  A     192.0.2.34

Are "the same as" each other.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 13:53:21 2009
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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:45:57 -0600
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
From: Jorge Amodio <jmamodio@gmail.com>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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> Following up on two things - the recent thread on changing the DNAME and the
> discussion of Yao Jiankang's draft presented at IETF 76 - there seems to be
> a desire to be able to make two zones "behave the same."

Are you looking into that as a way of serving a particular zone/s
under different IDNs ?

Jorge


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 13:59:48 2009
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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 16:53:14 -0500
To: Jorge Amodio <jmamodio@gmail.com>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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At 15:45 -0600 12/14/09, Jorge Amodio wrote:
>>  Following up on two things - the recent thread on changing the DNAME and the
>>  discussion of Yao Jiankang's draft presented at IETF 76 - there seems to be
>>  a desire to be able to make two zones "behave the same."
>
>Are you looking into that as a way of serving a particular zone/s
>under different IDNs ?

No - just making one domain "act" like another.  For whatever the purpose.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 14:23:36 2009
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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 14:12:42 -0800
To: Jorge Amodio <jmamodio@gmail.com>, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
From: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
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At 3:45 PM -0600 12/14/09, Jorge Amodio wrote:
> > Following up on two things - the recent thread on changing the DNAME and the
>> discussion of Yao Jiankang's draft presented at IETF 76 - there seems to be
>> a desire to be able to make two zones "behave the same."
>
>Are you looking into that as a way of serving a particular zone/s
>under different IDNs ?

It is *way* bigger than that. Think "multihoming for the DNS".

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium


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Ed,

I like that you're removing the "zone mirroring" constraint and 
looking at the general issue of similarity.

Eric


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another 
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Comments: In-reply-to Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org> message dated "Mon, 14 Dec 2009 14:12:42 -0800."
Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 23:33:41 +0100
From: Jaap Akkerhuis <jaap@NLnetLabs.nl>
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    It is *way* bigger than that. Think "multihoming for the DNS".

I would call that "anycasting name servers". If I understand Ed
properly he hints to a desire in some circles to have two or more
namespaces look the same, the only difference being the name of a
parent.

	jaap


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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 14:46:31 -0800
To: Jaap Akkerhuis <jaap@NLnetLabs.nl>
From: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
Cc: Jorge Amodio <jmamodio@gmail.com>, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 11:33 PM +0100 12/14/09, Jaap Akkerhuis wrote:
>   
>    It is *way* bigger than that. Think "multihoming for the DNS".
>
>I would call that "anycasting name servers". If I understand Ed
>properly he hints to a desire in some circles to have two or more
>namespaces look the same, the only difference being the name of a
>parent.

Yes, I was being too glib. Think "what Jaap just said", which is much clearer than my attempted analogy.

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium


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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 18:30:06 -0600
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
From: Jorge Amodio <jmamodio@gmail.com>
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> =A0 =A0It is *way* bigger than that. Think "multihoming for the DNS".
>
> I would call that "anycasting name servers". If I understand Ed
> properly he hints to a desire in some circles to have two or more
> namespaces look the same, the only difference being the name of a
> parent.

I guess you mean exactly the same zone data but with different SOA
without having to duplicate the zone db, right ?

Jorge


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On 12/14/09 4:30 PM, Jorge Amodio wrote:
>>     It is *way* bigger than that. Think "multihoming for the DNS".
>>
>> I would call that "anycasting name servers". If I understand Ed
>> properly he hints to a desire in some circles to have two or more
>> namespaces look the same, the only difference being the name of a
>> parent.
>
> I guess you mean exactly the same zone data but with different SOA
> without having to duplicate the zone db, right ?

In Hiroshima, there were Japanese developers that wanted different 
ideograms to access same the same website.  They considered the issue 
analogous to upper and lower case in ASCII.  IMHO, this type of issue 
should be considered analogous to look-alike domains and not upper/lower 
case.  To be safe, this might require defensive domain registration. 
Rather than allowing the two ideograms to select the same website, it 
would be safer to wildcard (deprecate) one of the ideogram options and 
have it reference a page that explains which ideogram is supported 
within the TLD.

-Doug


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 18:36:44 2009
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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 18:28:43 -0800
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
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At 5:09 PM -0800 12/14/09, Doug Otis wrote:
>On 12/14/09 4:30 PM, Jorge Amodio wrote:
>>>    It is *way* bigger than that. Think "multihoming for the DNS".
>>>
>>>I would call that "anycasting name servers". If I understand Ed
>>>properly he hints to a desire in some circles to have two or more
>>>namespaces look the same, the only difference being the name of a
>>>parent.
>>
>>I guess you mean exactly the same zone data but with different SOA
>>without having to duplicate the zone db, right ?
>
>In Hiroshima, there were Japanese developers that wanted different ideograms to access same the same website.  They considered the issue analogous to upper and lower case in ASCII.  IMHO, this type of issue should be considered analogous to look-alike domains and not upper/lower case.  To be safe, this might require defensive domain registration. Rather than allowing the two ideograms to select the same website, it would be safer to wildcard (deprecate) one of the ideogram options and have it reference a page that explains which ideogram is supported within the TLD.

Please don't hijack the thread, and please don't tell others who have studied problems a lot longer than you what their problems are analogous to.

For those who are on namedroppers but not IDNAbis: think of the two FQDNs with a single owner who wants the two names to be synonyms. ibm.com and ibm.net is a reasonable example. It does not matter how the two names came into existence; in fact, that is a rathole that is not relevant to the question.

--Paul Hoffman, Director
--VPN Consortium


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 19:17:04 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 14 Dec 2009 18:28:43 -0800." <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]> 
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In message <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]>, Paul Hoffman writes:
> At 5:09 PM -0800 12/14/09, Doug Otis wrote:
> >On 12/14/09 4:30 PM, Jorge Amodio wrote:
> >>>    It is *way* bigger than that. Think "multihoming for the DNS".
> >>>
> >>>I would call that "anycasting name servers". If I understand Ed
> >>>properly he hints to a desire in some circles to have two or more
> >>>namespaces look the same, the only difference being the name of a
> >>>parent.
> >>
> >>I guess you mean exactly the same zone data but with different SOA
> >>without having to duplicate the zone db, right ?
> >
> >In Hiroshima, there were Japanese developers that wanted different ideograms
>  to access same the same website.  They considered the issue analogous to upp
> er and lower case in ASCII.  IMHO, this type of issue should be considered an
> alogous to look-alike domains and not upper/lower case.  To be safe, this mig
> ht require defensive domain registration. Rather than allowing the two ideogr
> ams to select the same website, it would be safer to wildcard (deprecate) one
>  of the ideogram options and have it reference a page that explains which ide
> ogram is supported within the TLD.
> 
> Please don't hijack the thread, and please don't tell others who have studied
>  problems a lot longer than you what their problems are analogous to.
> 
> For those who are on namedroppers but not IDNAbis: think of the two FQDNs wit
> h a single owner who wants the two names to be synonyms. ibm.com and ibm.net 
> is a reasonable example. It does not matter how the two names came into exist
> ence; in fact, that is a rathole that is not relevant to the question.

And we made a decision 10+ years ago that "ibm.net dname ibm.com" +
adding some MX records etc. at ibm.net would be a reasonable way to
do this as it didn't require the TLD to support DNAME.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 19:29:08 2009
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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 22:21:04 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
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Dear colleagues,

On Mon, Dec 14, 2009 at 06:28:43PM -0800, Paul Hoffman wrote:

> For those who are on namedroppers but not IDNAbis: think of the two
> FQDNs with a single owner who wants the two names to be
> synonyms. ibm.com and ibm.net is a reasonable example. It does not
> matter how the two names came into existence; in fact, that is a
> rathole that is not relevant to the question.

Speaking both as a co-Chair, but without having consulted Olafur, and
as someone who has followed idnabis pretty carefully, I have three
things to say about Paul's remark, in decreasing order of
chair-hat-ness:

    1.  What Paul said about irrelevant ratholes is exactly right.
    This WG is about protocol, and not policy.  Ed Lewis put this
    differently up-thread, but the point is the same: it makes
    _no difference why_ the "two domains" need to be "the same".
    There is a policy-driven protocol need here, and what we're about
    is the protocol.  So let's focus on that issue.

    2.  The key questions boil down to, "What does 'synonymous' mean
    in this context?" and, "What does 'two names' mean in this
    context?"  We have to answer both of these questions at the same
    time, with respect to one another (we used to call this
    "synoptically", but I don't know if we do any more).  DNAME, for
    instance, makes "the same" mean "everything underneath".  That's
    not the desired meaning of "the same".  CNAME makes "two names"
    mean "these two identical names" without including the
    delegations; that's also not the desired meaning in this case.  We
    need to reach something that solves these two meanings at the same
    time.  

    3.  Without wearing any hat, I think ibm.com and ibm.net are poor
    examples, because they're plainly under different DNS trees.  An
    alternative example that I think should be at least comprehensible
    to English speakers is colour.example and color.example.  I don't
    think I've met a competent reader of English who's never
    encountered both "color" and "colour" forms without recognizing
    them as different spellings of "the same" word.  Now imagine that
    you had a keyboard that could input "colour" or "color" but not
    both.  This is the situation in some parts of the world with
    respect to "variants", so there is a real acute use case here.
    But even if there weren't one, synonyms in the DNS tree are an
    obvious feature, and one for which we already have two imperfect
    solutions.  We're the people with the expertise to make a perfect
    one, and if we don't then I predict someone will come up with
    something we don't like.  So, I exhort us to tackle this problem.

Best,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


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Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 22:28:38 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
Message-ID: <20091215032838.GB27116@shinkuro.com>
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Speaking only for myself, but fully aware of where I left my hat:

On Tue, Dec 15, 2009 at 02:06:30PM +1100, Mark Andrews wrote:

> And we made a decision 10+ years ago that "ibm.net dname ibm.com" +
> adding some MX records etc. at ibm.net would be a reasonable way to
> do this as it didn't require the TLD to support DNAME.

That sounds like an appeal to tradition: "This is what we decided some
time ago; it was good enough then, so it's good enough now."  

Our users are saying it's _not_ good enough.  I'd like to believe that
we're interested enough in our users' problems that we have some
reason to continue as an IETF WG.  If our response to, "Users have a
problem," is, "Lovely bird!  Beautiful plumage!" then perhaps we ought
to pack up our tents and go home.  Many of you know that I am a
fervent advocate of tent-packing; but as long as we're camped out, I'd
like for us to tackle problems people bring us.  If the present
example isn't such a case, then there aren't any, and we can shut down
the WG.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


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To: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <a06240800c748166f4b8b@10.31.200.233> <202705b0912141345t25f07433oc67e1a0f024b3a7d@mail.gmail.com> <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <200912142233.nBEMXfuw022129@bartok.nlnetlabs.nl> <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]> <200912150306.nBF36U5w036874@drugs.dv.isc.org> <20091215032838.GB27116@shinkuro.com> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Mon, 14 Dec 2009 22:28:38 CDT." <20091215032838.GB27116@shinkuro.com> 
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:49:31 +1100
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In message <20091215032838.GB27116@shinkuro.com>, Andrew Sullivan writes:
> Speaking only for myself, but fully aware of where I left my hat:
> 
> On Tue, Dec 15, 2009 at 02:06:30PM +1100, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> > And we made a decision 10+ years ago that "ibm.net dname ibm.com" +
> > adding some MX records etc. at ibm.net would be a reasonable way to
> > do this as it didn't require the TLD to support DNAME.
> 
> That sounds like an appeal to tradition: "This is what we decided some
> time ago; it was good enough then, so it's good enough now."  

It was a engineering trade off.  It works fine for lots of people.
I used it myself for years.

I've got no objections with defining another record which aliases
itself and its children.  Just don't change DNAME.  It works as
intended.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 21:28:24 2009
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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 14 Dec 2009 22:21:04 EST." <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> 
References: <a06240800c748166f4b8b@10.31.200.233> <202705b0912141345t25f07433oc67e1a0f024b3a7d@mail.gmail.com> <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <200912142233.nBEMXfuw022129@bartok.nlnetlabs.nl> <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]>  <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> 
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> Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 22:21:04 -0500
> From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
> 
>     ...  So, I exhort us to tackle this problem.

ok.  here's the five proposals on the table, and a preference shown.

1. dname alone:

we did DNAME the way we did for the reasons mark andrews has recounted:
it had to work at a zone apex.  this was in support of bitstring labels
and their attendant PTR's, which have since been deprecated, but DNAME
is in use today and does what it does and repurposing it isn't an option.
so, dname works for searches below the dname but not "at" the dname.

2. cname alone:

a cname that points to an NS would be a nonterminal alias and doesn't
work for names beneath.  works fine for names "at", but not "beneath".

3. multiple NS's:

political minefield since it would be "two TLD's".  the policy people
would love us better if we didn't make them come up with a new counting
system for "how many TLD's does $registry have?"  but technically it
would fit pretty well, one merely expects that the below-the-delegation
servers would load the same content in two zones, or that implementors
would come up with an aliasing function that did not require wire changes.

4. dname and cname together:

if we relax the "cname and other data" restriction to allow for both a
cname and a dname at the same location so long as they have the same
target name, then searches "at" would use the cname and searches "beneath"
would use the dname.  no wire changes, and only the delegating zone needs
its servers upgraded to support the new interpretation.

5. new "ename" type:

if we define "ename" (alphabetically follows c and d, you know, e?) to
mean "at or beneath" then we could get the desired behaviour with only
upgrades to the delegating zone's servers, but with wire changes since
the synthesized cname would be accompanied by an ename not a dname.

---

of these, i prefer #4.  no wire changes, only requires upgrades to the
delegating zone's servers, and has no political/policy costs.

hope this helps.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 14 22:44:58 2009
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To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
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From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <a06240800c748166f4b8b@10.31.200.233> <202705b0912141345t25f07433oc67e1a0f024b3a7d@mail.gmail.com> <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <200912142233.nBEMXfuw022129@bartok.nlnetlabs.nl> <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]> <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 15 Dec 2009 05:18:49 -0000." <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> 
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 17:34:15 +1100
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In message <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com>, Paul Vixie writes:
> > Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 22:21:04 -0500
> > From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
> > 
> >     ...  So, I exhort us to tackle this problem.
> 
> ok.  here's the five proposals on the table, and a preference shown.
> 
> 1. dname alone:
> 
> we did DNAME the way we did for the reasons mark andrews has recounted:
> it had to work at a zone apex.  this was in support of bitstring labels
> and their attendant PTR's, which have since been deprecated, but DNAME
> is in use today and does what it does and repurposing it isn't an option.
> so, dname works for searches below the dname but not "at" the dname.
> 
> 2. cname alone:
> 
> a cname that points to an NS would be a nonterminal alias and doesn't
> work for names beneath.  works fine for names "at", but not "beneath".
> 
> 3. multiple NS's:
> 
> political minefield since it would be "two TLD's".  the policy people
> would love us better if we didn't make them come up with a new counting
> system for "how many TLD's does $registry have?"  but technically it
> would fit pretty well, one merely expects that the below-the-delegation
> servers would load the same content in two zones, or that implementors
> would come up with an aliasing function that did not require wire changes.
> 
> 4. dname and cname together:
> 
> if we relax the "cname and other data" restriction to allow for both a
> cname and a dname at the same location so long as they have the same
> target name, then searches "at" would use the cname and searches "beneath"
> would use the dname.  no wire changes, and only the delegating zone needs
> its servers upgraded to support the new interpretation.
> 
> 5. new "ename" type:
> 
> if we define "ename" (alphabetically follows c and d, you know, e?) to
> mean "at or beneath" then we could get the desired behaviour with only
> upgrades to the delegating zone's servers, but with wire changes since
> the synthesized cname would be accompanied by an ename not a dname.
> 
> ---
> 
> of these, i prefer #4.  no wire changes, only requires upgrades to the
> delegating zone's servers, and has no political/policy costs.
> 
> hope this helps.

Relaxing CNAME and DNAME multiple use has issues.

What would be better is ENAME + EDNS option to say I understand
ENAME and the authoritative returns a ENAME or a CNAME (not both).

ENAME aware caches also return CNAMEs for non ENAME aware clients.

ENAME containing zones can only be signed with new algorithms which
are ENAME aware.  i.e. ENAME zone are treated as insecure by the
current algorithms.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


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Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> Dear colleagues,
>
> Speaking both as a co-Chair, but without having consulted Olafur, and
> as someone who has followed idnabis pretty carefully, I have three
> things to say about Paul's remark, in decreasing order of
> chair-hat-ness:
> 
>     1.  What Paul said about irrelevant ratholes is exactly right.
>     This WG is about protocol, and not policy.  Ed Lewis put this
>     differently up-thread, but the point is the same: it makes
>     _no difference why_ the "two domains" need to be "the same".
>     There is a policy-driven protocol need here, and what we're about
>     is the protocol.  So let's focus on that issue.

Fair enough, but let's define precisely what it is that we're trying
to make work rather than using Rube-Goldbergian examples. Off the top
of my head it would be nice if a given string (whether IDN or
otherwise) can be made exactly equivalent to another given string
_without_ the need for multiple delegations whether we are at the
root, TLD, or domain-holder levels. Is that what we're discussing? Is
there any other intended use case?

>     2.  The key questions boil down to, "What does 'synonymous' mean
>     in this context?" and, "What does 'two names' mean in this
>     context?"  We have to answer both of these questions at the same
>     time, with respect to one another (we used to call this
>     "synoptically", but I don't know if we do any more).  DNAME, for
>     instance, makes "the same" mean "everything underneath".  That's
>     not the desired meaning of "the same".  CNAME makes "two names"
>     mean "these two identical names" without including the
>     delegations; that's also not the desired meaning in this case.  We
>     need to reach something that solves these two meanings at the same
>     time.  

To this issue Paul V. responded:
> 4. dname and cname together:
> 
> if we relax the "cname and other data" restriction to allow for
> both a cname and a dname at the same location so long as they have
> the same target name, then searches "at" would use the cname and
> searches "beneath" would use the dname. no wire changes, and only
> the delegating zone needs its servers upgraded to support
> the new interpretation.

Ok, so I'm a parent, and I have NS and DS records for 'domain' and I
add 'variant1 CNAME domain'. I can see how the NS records would be
used in a direct query for 'variant1 NS' but I don't see (and once
again, this is probably my ignorance) how the DS records for 'domain'
would be useful. Aren't the DNSKEY records (and the corresponding
keys) domain-specific?

Also, continue to assume I'm ignorant for the purpose of making sure
we're all talking about exactly the same thing. What would an example
configuration of this proposal look like at the parent AND child levels?

OTOH, I don't really see how the CNAME+DNAME combination is "better"
from a _protocol_ standpoint than duplicate records at the parent
level. I understand that (as Paul pointed out) there are political
issues surrounding this, but as Andrew rightly pointed out, the
political issues are not our bailiwick.

Furthermore AFAICS the DNAME case is a non-starter for the political
AND protocol reasons that it makes the variant zone(s) "less than" the
"front end" zone as a result of the CNAME synthesis. You can't use
label.variant1.tld on the RHS of an NS or MX record because to the
resolver it will ultimately be a CNAME. (I would also argue that
adding CNAME synthesis to DNAME was a mistake in the first place, and
actually hindered rather than eased adoption, but that's a topic for
another email/thread/lifetime.)

So assuming that DNAME is not an issue at the parent, the child who
wants to do "The Right ThingTM" has two choices, DNAME + duplicate
apex records (A, DS, NS, etc.) or point the various zone definitions
at the same zone file. If DNAME is not actually a solution here we are
ultimately left with trusting the child to point the different zone
definitions at the same zone file.

>     3.  Without wearing any hat, I think ibm.com and ibm.net are poor
>     examples, because they're plainly under different DNS trees.

I actually think that this is a really good example since as someone
who manages lots of zones in different name spaces that I would like
to easily configure to be the same I'd really like to have a better
solution for this problem, although I think that DNAME already solves
90% of it.

>     An
>     alternative example that I think should be at least comprehensible
>     to English speakers is colour.example and color.example.  I don't
>     think I've met a competent reader of English who's never
>     encountered both "color" and "colour" forms without recognizing
>     them as different spellings of "the same" word.  Now imagine that
>     you had a keyboard that could input "colour" or "color" but not
>     both.  This is the situation in some parts of the world with
>     respect to "variants", so there is a real acute use case here.

This use case I understand, thanks for clarifying. Unless I'm missing
something that leaves two possibilities using existing solutions at
the parent level DNAME (whether you include CNAME or not) and
duplicate delegations (again, whether that is via CNAME or not). As
above, DNAME is not a viable solution.

I'd also like to point out that any sort of solution that involves
changes in the resolvers is (also) a non-starter for both political
and protocol reasons. This problem needs to have been solved
yesterday, and the people who need the solution will not accept one
that relies on everyone in the world sitting behind an updated resolver.

So we're really left with trusting the child to do the right thing,
which means we're also back to "existing solutions are already
sufficient" in the parent, which means we can all go home.

>     But even if there weren't one, synonyms in the DNS tree are an
>     obvious feature, and one for which we already have two imperfect
>     solutions.  We're the people with the expertise to make a perfect
>     one, and if we don't then I predict someone will come up with
>     something we don't like.

Too late. :)  But I digress ...


Doug

-- 

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 15 04:55:34 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
From: Jorge Amodio <jmamodio@gmail.com>
To: Doug Barton <dougb@dougbarton.us>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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>> =A0 =A0 3. =A0Without wearing any hat, I think ibm.com and ibm.net are p=
oor
>> =A0 =A0 examples, because they're plainly under different DNS trees.
>
> I actually think that this is a really good example since as someone
> who manages lots of zones in different name spaces that I would like
> to easily configure to be the same I'd really like to have a better
> solution for this problem, although I think that DNAME already solves
> 90% of it.

Yes, but I think Andrew's example about color vs colour is more representat=
ive.

When I read Edward 's question the first image that came to my mind
was IDN. For example without going to a more complex script
nandu.com, niandu.com, =F1andu.com, nand=FA.com, niand=FA.com and =F1and=FA=
.com
may represent the same name space in spanish.

I guess you can create multiple delegations with different
SOA/NS/DS/etc and include on each zone the same set of RRs, but that
will sort be a waste of resources on the server to handle
duplicate/n-plicate RRs on each zone and a potential for lack of
consistency between delegations.

Not really clear about how to handle DNSSEC, but my understanding is
that each delegation will require to have its own stuff, ie additional
admin load to handle the same set of RRs.

I don't see how you can easily handle this type of situations with
CNAME and DNAME.

Regards
Jorge


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 15 05:22:14 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
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On 12/15/09 12:18 AM, Paul Vixie wrote:
>> Date: Mon, 14 Dec 2009 22:21:04 -0500
>> From: Andrew Sullivan<ajs@shinkuro.com>
>>
>>      ...  So, I exhort us to tackle this problem.
>
> ok.  here's the five proposals on the table, and a preference shown.
=2E..
> 3. multiple NS's:
>
> political minefield since it would be "two TLD's".  the policy people
> would love us better if we didn't make them come up with a new counting=

> system for "how many TLD's does $registry have?"  but technically it
> would fit pretty well, one merely expects that the below-the-delegation=

> servers would load the same content in two zones, or that implementors
> would come up with an aliasing function that did not require wire chang=
es.


Paul,

There are a couple of use cases I'm aware of:

o a variant character pair in some TLD applications, such as "mumble"=20
in Arabic and Farsi, where the final character "m" is, or isn't=20
dotted, and the dot isn't displayed in the terminal form of the dotted=20
character. Add to this the well-known SC/TC case.

o two visually distinguishable strings, such as "duck soup" and "=E9=B8=AD=
=E6=B1=A4"=20
(y=C4=81 t=C4=81ng), where some association, meaning, sound, color on Tue=
sday,=20
has caused one applicant to apply for both strings, again, for a TLD.

o two arbitrary graphs, such as "polka-dots" and "polka-dots.stripes",=20
where again, some association, has caused one operator to create a=20
corresponding name space, which may be a sparse set of correspondences.

Some non-CJK examples that just dropped into my inbox:
"... from LDH/extended ASCII (.aero/.=C3=A6ro), or even a cyrillic/LDH=20
example (.=D1=81=D0=BE=D0=BC/.com) ..."

So, a plurality of labels, single operator, and a plurality of labels,=20
cooperating operators, where some of the plurality is to create=20
"beneficial sameness" (or prevent 3rd-party difference within some=20
expectation of sameness, or simply the absence of some instance of the=20
desired plurality), and some of the plurality is create "beneficial=20
difference", within some expectation of difference, with the same=20
3rd-party and absence non-goals.

My point is that the policy expectation you offer may not fit the use=20
cases I'm aware of. The "political minefield" of "two TLDs" may not be=20
a policy non-requirement. This is not a settled issue and is the=20
subject of present negotiation.


My two beads worth,
Eric



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 15 07:13:33 2009
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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: replacement of proposal (Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another )
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Tue, 15 Dec 2009 17:34:15 +1100." <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> 
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i've switched my support to a different proposal, and also enumerated a
road not taken (or at least, a road i hope this WG chooses not to take.)

> From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
> Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 17:34:15 +1100
> 
> Relaxing CNAME and DNAME multiple use has issues.

"has issues" is not a term of art here.  further explaination requested.

> What would be better is ENAME + EDNS option to say I understand
> ENAME and the authoritative returns a ENAME or a CNAME (not both).
> 
> ENAME aware caches also return CNAMEs for non ENAME aware clients.
> 
> ENAME containing zones can only be signed with new algorithms which
> are ENAME aware.  i.e. ENAME zone are treated as insecure by the
> current algorithms.

i now realize that there's a flaw in CNAME+DNAME which is shares with
DNAME, and that is: clients who do not understand DNAME or ENAME will have
to get all of their CNAMEs from the delegating zone (which will often be
the root).  this was not a problem in DNAME's original use case (bitstring
label PTR's) but it's a big problem for TLD aliasing (as for example in
IDN.)  (andrew, i don't see a way to keep the use case out of the design,
since as you can see, some proposals fit some use cases but not others.)

therefore my preference shifts to:

> 3. multiple NS's:
> 
> political minefield since it would be "two TLD's".  the policy people
> would love us better if we didn't make them come up with a new counting
> system for "how many TLD's does $registry have?"  but technically it
> would fit pretty well, one merely expects that the below-the-delegation
> servers would load the same content in two zones, or that implementors
> would come up with an aliasing function that did not require wire changes.

...and policy be damned.  as a DNS implementor, i see no difficulty in
offering zone aliasing services below the delegation point.  in BIND this
would look something like

	zone "ibm.net" {
		type alias;
		other-zone "ibm.com";
	};

since the only servers who would need such configuration belong to the
zone being aliased -- that is, there are no other wire changes, no changes
in the delegating parent other than adding another NS, no changes to the
rest of the recursive world -- the only effect will be that on the primary
and secondaries for affected zones, some off-broadway hack like the above
will be necessary for any zone operator who doesn't want to "load a zone"
twice -- assuming that they load zones at all.  in powerdns i expect this
would be two DNS entry points into the same underlying database, rather
than some kind of zone-to-zone alias like i describe for BIND.

---

if we (this WG) decide that we really want wire protocol support for this
kind of aliasing, then we have to move the CNAME synthesis to be below the
delegation point.  in that case we'd define ENAME differently: as a CNAME
that functioned as an rrtype catchall for a single node in the tree.  so,
DNAME+ENAME at ibm.net's apex could collectively redirect names "beneath"
as well as types "at" the node in question.  ENAME would be like a wildcard
that only affected its owner name and only matched types not present.  it
would never be sent in normal responses, only in zone transfers, and direct
queries for the ENAME type itself, since it could only be processed on the
authority server.

i do not much like this solution, since it means CNAME synthesis for all
names in the alias zone, with no eventual rollout of ENAME-cognizant code
in recursive servers to lower the long term synthesis burden.  but if this
WG wants a wire protocol change, this is the one folks have thought of.

a similar problem exists for repurposing DNAME, which is that since it can
exist at an apex (and would have to continue to do so when repurposed, in
order to avoid putting the CNAME synthesis burden on the root servers), it
could only be processed by the authority servers, since no other server (*)
would be sure what rr types not to apply it to in the "at" case.  maybe
it's just SOA and NS, but maybe there's other stuff (DNSSEC metatypes, and
so on).  so even if we were willing to deprecate DNAME in its current form
and repurpose this codepoint, it would still have the same problem that a
DNAME+ENAME solution (as described above) would have.

(*) note that if we presume universal deployment of DNSSEC, then a signed
zone with reachable SEP's would allow full validators to prove the 
nonexistence of a type at an apex, without being authoritative for it, but
this would be screwball comedy, and i don't expect anybody to propose it.


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Subject: [dnsext] cloning zones
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 15:38:54 +0000
References: <a06240800c748166f4b8b@10.31.200.233> <202705b0912141345t25f07433oc67e1a0f024b3a7d@mail.gmail.com> <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <200912142233.nBEMXfuw022129@bartok.nlnetlabs.nl> <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]> <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com>  <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org>  <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com>
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On 15 Dec 2009, at 14:59, Paul Vixie wrote:

> as a DNS implementor, i see no difficulty in
> offering zone aliasing services below the delegation point.  in BIND  
> this
> would look something like
>
> 	zone "ibm.net" {
> 		type alias;
> 		other-zone "ibm.com";
> 	};
>
> since the only servers who would need such configuration belong to the
> zone being aliased

How would this work when one of these two apexes is signed and the  
other isn't? BTW if both zones are signed they'd have discrete RRsigs  
and would also need different owner-names for their ZSKs and KSKs.  
That pretty much suggests a Q&D hack to clone zones will implode.

A zone is a zone: an independently managed part of the name space. A  
DNS protocol extension to "clone" zones -- if that's what we're  
talking about here -- is not the way to solve what looks to be a  
provisioning problem. Just generate N zone files (or equivalent) from  
the same data source and we're done. Hardware's cheap. DNS engineer  
time isn't.

IMO doing something clever with ENAMEs or on-the-fly CNAME synthesis  
is asking for trouble: extra ugliness with wildcards, more cacheing  
complexity, zone cut semantics for delegations under the cloned  
zone(s), new DNSSEC corner cases, etc.


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Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 11:06:35 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
Message-ID: <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com>
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No hat.

On Tue, Dec 15, 2009 at 03:38:54PM +0000, Jim Reid wrote:
> A zone is a zone: an independently managed part of the name space. A DNS 
> protocol extension to "clone" zones -- if that's what we're talking about 
> here -- is not the way to solve what looks to be a provisioning problem. 
> Just generate N zone files (or equivalent) from the same data source and 
> we're done. Hardware's cheap. DNS engineer time isn't.

Now our problem is that we're not actually solving the use case.
We're saying, "You, zone person, solve this."

Suppose that I am the operator of example.org, and I have a local
policy that alternative spelling of "the same word" [1] must always be
delegated the same way.

If I delegate color.example.org and colour.example.org to the same
delegee, how can I be certain that color.example.org and
colour.example.org _really are_ the same?  

Ok, you say, but DNS is only loosely coherence.  Who cares?  Well,
the people who have not two such zones, but 10 "variants" that are all
"the same word" do in fact have a problem, because if they're
really different zones and not all aliases for one another, then the
looseness is exposed in a way that confuses users even more than they
are confused now.

We can, of course, just say, "No."  That's what we've done for many
years, to the extent anyone asked for this feature.

[1] Yes, yes, I know that Quine showed how preposterous an idea that
is.  The idea is nevertheless deeply entrenched in this discussion,
and we're never going to get away from it, so let's just take it as an
assumption for this example.  RFC 4290 tries to define variant
rigorously exactly to avoid having language come into it, but I think
the effect there is a useful formalism that hides the basic thing
people are trying to do.

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


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Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 12:00:46 -0500
To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: replacement of proposal (Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another )
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 14:59 +0000 12/15/09, Paul Vixie wrote:

>...and policy be damned.  as a DNS implementor, i see no difficulty in

...and operations be damned.  (The IETF wonders why operators drop out...)

The downside to this approach from the point of view of a zone 
operator is that having multiple copies means (at least) more memory 
( in general hardware resources) needed and/or more to weed through 
to get to the answer.  Caches have to hold more data, etc.

An operator would need to manage DNSSEC key policy for each zone, now 
instead of one DNSKEY set, there are multiple (one per copy).  Even 
if there was already one key for the copy, if there was indirection 
then that key is barely used.  If all the keys are fully used, think 
of the unneeded cryptographic over-workload.

And an operator would have to implement consistency checks to make 
sure cruft does not build up due to various hiccups over the years. 
In a large zone, cruft becomes harder to identify.

>offering zone aliasing services below the delegation point.

Which is a subset of the problem.  Two *domains* acting the same, not 
two zones.

>in BIND this
>would look something like
>
>	zone "ibm.net" {
>		type alias;
>		other-zone "ibm.com";
>	};

The world is not a BIND configuration file.  Yes, this would be 
simple to type into BIND, but this doesn't answer the question of 
"what is equivalence."

Equivalence...in a mathematical sense.

>if we (this WG) decide that we really want wire protocol support for this
>kind of aliasing, then we have to move the CNAME synthesis to be below the

"Don't let the bus drivers determine the route."  This is not for the 
benefit of the WG.

As far as this from another message, Mark Andrews wrote:
#And we made a decision 10+ years ago that "ibm.net dname ibm.com" +
#adding some MX records etc. at ibm.net would be a reasonable way to
#do this as it didn't require the TLD to support DNAME.

Who is "we" and why does that decision merit weight?  The DNAME 
definition never progressed beyond Proposed Standard and is opened up 
for a revision currently before the WG.  The evidence would suggest 
that whomever "we" were 10+ years ago made an incomplete decision, 
one that has not stood the test of time.

>and repurpose this codepoint, it would still have the same problem that a
>DNAME+ENAME solution (as described above) would have.

As we don't have an agreed upon "goal" stated, I think it is 
premature to declare any "solutions" and further "problem that a ... 
solution" has.

Thanks to Chair Andrew for driving the discussion back from policy to 
protocol and for raising the equivalence issue back up.  If 
namedroppers is to keep value as a communications channel for DNS 
protocol development, it cannot be an "anything goes" channel.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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>political minefield since it would be "two TLD's".  the policy people
>would love us better if we didn't make them come up with a new counting
>system for "how many TLD's does $registry have?"

My impression is that this is 80% a political problem and 20% a
technical problem.  If the goal is to serve the same zone under two
names, there's a variety of hacks as Paul just said.  (My preferred
one is to adjust the perl scripts that manage my DNS now, but tastes
vary.)

An approach that doesn't placate the TLD counters isn't going to be
adopted, righ?  So how do we figure out what they'll believe is "the
same"?

R's,
John


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 19:38:49 +0000
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On 15 Dec 2009, at 16:06, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> Now our problem is that we're not actually solving the use case.
> We're saying, "You, zone person, solve this."

Yup: works for me.... :-) In this case, that is The Right Thing to do  
IMO.

It's not clear that the use case is compelling enough to be a real  
problem. And even if it is, it's still far away from justifying more  
complexity and protocol corner cases for authoritative servers and  
resolvers.

> Suppose that I am the operator of example.org, and I have a local
> policy that alternative spelling of "the same word" [1] must always be
> delegated the same way.
>
> If I delegate color.example.org and colour.example.org to the same
> delegee, how can I be certain that color.example.org and
> colour.example.org _really are_ the same?


<Devil's Advocate Hat On>
Why should/could that be a problem for this WG? These are your zones  
managed according to your rules that nobody else needs to know or care  
about. [Not that I'm personalising this.] In other words, it's a local  
provisioning issue.

How someone organises their bit of the name space and the local  
policies for that are nobody else's business. That's what delegation  
means. :-) The scenario posed here is one of local policy or  
administrative convenience. That is not a sound basis to justify  
protocol changes, especially ones as far-reaching and complex as an  
ENAME RRtype could be. Besides, it's a Bad Idea (tm) to invent  
technical solutions to non-technical problems: NSEC3 anyone?


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Eric Brunner-Williams wrote:
> So, a plurality of labels, single operator, and a plurality of labels,
> cooperating operators, where some of the plurality is to create
> "beneficial sameness" (or prevent 3rd-party difference within some
> expectation of sameness, or simply the absence of some instance of the
> desired plurality), and some of the plurality is create "beneficial
> difference", within some expectation of difference, with the same
> 3rd-party and absence non-goals.
> 
> My point is that the policy expectation you offer may not fit the use
> cases I'm aware of. The "political minefield" of "two TLDs" may not be a
> policy non-requirement. This is not a settled issue and is the subject
> of present negotiation.

If you were trying to obfuscate your meaning here you could not have
done a better job, congratulations. :)


Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



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Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> No hat.
> 
> On Tue, Dec 15, 2009 at 03:38:54PM +0000, Jim Reid wrote:
>> A zone is a zone: an independently managed part of the name space. A DNS 
>> protocol extension to "clone" zones -- if that's what we're talking about 
>> here -- is not the way to solve what looks to be a provisioning problem. 
>> Just generate N zone files (or equivalent) from the same data source and 
>> we're done. Hardware's cheap. DNS engineer time isn't.
> 
> Now our problem is that we're not actually solving the use case.
> We're saying, "You, zone person, solve this."

What *I* am saying is that there is no way to solve the "variant" use
case (whether that's at the TLD level or higher) without trusting the
delegee to Do The Right ThingTM.

Furthermore, I am saying that there is no way to truly make what you
and Ed seem to be describing (treat every variant as an exact,
functional duplicate of the "front end" domain in every way, for every
purpose, including DNSSEC) without changes to the resolvers, which is
problematic politically as well.

> Suppose that I am the operator of example.org, and I have a local
> policy that alternative spelling of "the same word" [1] must always be
> delegated the same way.
> 
> If I delegate color.example.org and colour.example.org to the same
> delegee, how can I be certain that color.example.org and
> colour.example.org _really are_ the same?  

You can't, and you never will be able to. I actually have an idea that
I'll add to the end of this message, but no matter what c!3VeR h4cKz
we come up with the end result is always going to be that we have to
trust the delegee.

So first of all, I repeat my request for a clearer definition of the
problem, political thorns and all. Those who have a distaste for
trying to craft technical solutions to solve policy disputes are free
not to participate.

Meanwhile, I knew I should have posted this last night because it's
related to the subject of your message and I don't want to sound
derivative, but my idea is a completely new RR called CLONE. In the
parent, you configure your zone thusly:

domain		NS	ns1.domain.tld.
...
domain		DS	blah

variant1	CLONE	domain
variant2	CLONE	domain
...

Since Paul already said he's feeling agreeable towards config file
support for this kind of idea, in a BIND server you might do something
like this for the variants (assuming "normal" configuration of
domain.tld):
zone "variant1.tld" { clone "domain.tld"; };
and you're done.

Now obviously the tricky part comes in the interaction with the
resolvers. This is all very rough of course, but a CLONE-aware
resolver would know what to do when it receives that response. My idea
of what it should do is to "internally transpose" the string
"variant1" with "domain" so that if an end user asks for
"www.variant1.tld" and the resolver receives a CLONE response that
says "variant1.tld == domain.tld" it can substitute "domain.tld" for
queries, DNSSEC validation, etc.; then return the answers to the end
user _with no mention of "domain.tld" whatsoever_. We would probably
want some sort of flag to indicate that it was a CLONE response, but
if we're actually going to make the two domains "the same" then there
cannot be any actual difference in the ANSWER, ADDITIONAL, or
AUTHORITY sections.

What to do with non-CLONE-aware resolvers is obviously the tricky bit.
My vote would be that if the resolver does not understand CLONE that
the authoritative server simply sends the requested information as if
the resolver had actually asked for "domain." Unless I'm missing
something obvious that would work for all purposes except for DNSSEC,
but with the root being signed with SHA-2 we've got some software revs
coming up to handle DNSSEC anyway. How a resolver signals that it does
or does not understand CLONE is left as an exercise for the reader.

I should also add that both child and parent should have useful
responses to a CLONE qtype, which could be used by interested parties
to (sort of) verify that both ends of the delegation are doing what
they are supposed to do, assuming once again that they can both be
trusted not to forge the responses.


Enjoy kicking this one around,

Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 15 13:58:37 2009
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To: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
Cc: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones vs making one zone/domain act like another
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Ed used the term "equivalence" - and the various thread subject lines
seem to infer two distinct alternatives.

So may I ask a couple of questions here?

Is equivalence from a given POV?  a parent, a sibling, from a namespace, what POV is
used to evaluate equivalence?   in my mind, equivalence equates to multiple instances,
with none being "canonical".

wrt "cloning" this idea presupposes a canonical form of the zone - then clones are
"made"... right?

in one case; cloning, its fairly straightforward to have dispute resolution while
in the equivalence case, its not nearly so straightforward.

So which is it?

--bill



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 15 14:14:24 2009
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On 12/14/09 6:28 PM, Paul Hoffman wrote:
> At 5:09 PM -0800 12/14/09, Doug Otis wrote:
>>
>> In Hiroshima, there were Japanese developers that wanted different
>> ideograms to access same the same website.  They considered the
>> issue analogous to upper and lower case in ASCII.  IMHO, this type
>> of issue should be considered analogous to look-alike domains and
>> not upper/lower case.  To be safe, this might require defensive
>> domain registration. Rather than allowing the two ideograms to
>> select the same website, it would be safer to wildcard (deprecate)
>> one of the ideogram options and have it reference a page that
>> explains which ideogram is supported within the TLD.
>
> Please don't hijack the thread, and please don't tell others who
> have studied problems a lot longer than you what their problems are
> analogous to.
>
> For those who are on namedroppers but not IDNAbis: think of the two
> FQDNs with a single owner who wants the two names to be synonyms.
> ibm.com and ibm.net is a reasonable example. It does not matter how
> the two names came into existence; in fact, that is a rathole that
> is not relevant to the question.

Paul,

Multiple NS records appear the best solution to handle semantically or
visually similar domain names. From your reaction, this does not meet
your expectation.  With DNSSEC, it would be difficult to have two
different ASCII representations of a domain declared canonically equal,
beyond allowing case-insensitivity.  Different domains require different
zones.  When done at the TLD, this requires multiple TLDs.

That does not mean there is nothing to be done.  The results of
any process that attempts to merge two names could be affirmed in a
manner similar to that proposed in the TPA-Label scheme.  Any domain
would be able to authorize alternate domain use within a single DNS
transaction. See:

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-otis-dkim-tpa-label

When done in a major way, this could use an "Alternate Name
Authorization Resource Record" (ANA-RR).  A CNAME at a special prefix
could establish desired aliases for use by other protocols.

Either introducing an ANA-RR or simply NXDOMAIN for non-preferred forms
of a name is currently supported by DNS.  For example, DNS will not
resolve "Jon's.vlog.com".  There is not an urgent demand for a mechanism
to make IBM.COM and IBM.NET equivalent domains.  Nevertheless, a
specialized label such as _alias.IBM.NET IN CNAME IBM.COM could then be
affirmed with an _U3WCVMQTCOY4AFHQJFX4LJFISSUIHZA5.IBM.COM IN ANA-RR 
which authorizes the IBM.NET references.

Alternatively, a TLD could create contracts requiring replicate zones
that automatically generate the entire set of desired domain aliases.

-Doug


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From: Russian Brides <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
To: dnsext-archive@ietf.org
Subject: Russian queens are waiting.
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I am Julia, 27 y.o. Russia (dating)<br>
<a href="http://cid-79228774d91a8031.spaces.live.com" target="_blank">http://cid-79228774d91a8031.spaces.live.com</a>
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 15 17:29:07 2009
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References: <a06240800c748166f4b8b@10.31.200.233> <202705b0912141345t25f07433oc67e1a0f024b3a7d@mail.gmail.com> <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <200912142233.nBEMXfuw022129@bartok.nlnetlabs.nl> <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]>  <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <4B278B93.6090209@abenaki.wabanaki.net>
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Tue Dec 15 23:38:52 2009
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From: Russian Brides <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
To: dnsext-archive@ietf.org
Subject: Russian dating site
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1000 singleladies from Russia are online now, have ineterst?<br>
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From dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org  Tue Dec 15 23:41:48 2009
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From: Russian Brides <dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org>
To: dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org
Subject: The most beautiful Russian women are available here.
MIME-Version: 1.0
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You have new mail from Olga 25 y.o. Russia, dating<br>
<a href="http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/BWH6EHRC4T2QFMTKEAOYFHSDXI" target="_blank">http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/BWH6EHRC4T2QFMTKEAOYFHSDXI</a>
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 16 02:29:36 2009
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To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
References: <a06240800c748166f4b8b@10.31.200.233> <202705b0912141345t25f07433oc67e1a0f024b3a7d@mail.gmail.com> <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <200912142233.nBEMXfuw022129@bartok.nlnetlabs.nl> <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]> <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com>
From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Wed, 16 Dec 2009 10:13:12 +0000
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* Paul Vixie:

> of these, i prefer #4.  no wire changes, only requires upgrades to the
> delegating zone's servers, and has no political/policy costs.

Except that the names are not equivalent.  Any CNAME-based solution
currently has that problem because section 10.3 of RFC 2181 requires
that MX and NS targets are canonical.  There used to be SMTP
implementations which could be configured to refuse delivery to
non-canonical MX hosts.

So you'd need to avoid putting an alternative encoding of a domain
name in the RR data part.  (The RFC 1123/2181 requirement was also
picked up by the SRV RR, and probably others.)

I think it is a bit hard to explain that you can send mail to
<mailbox@xn-1234.example>, but you cannot put mx.xn-1234.example into
the zone file (assuming that xn-1234 is not the canonical encoding).
But maybe this is good enough.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
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On 2009-12-15, at 16:06, Andrew Sullivan wrote:

> If I delegate color.example.org and colour.example.org to the same
> delegee, how can I be certain that color.example.org and
> colour.example.org _really are_ the same? =20

A clarifying question from an IDNA-ignorant thread-lurker. I am just =
trying to understand the problem statement.

Suppose I am a person that needs to use and see and understand "colour" =
rather than "color".

I send a query "MAGENTA.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG IN MX?" and get the answer =
MAGENTA.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG".

Suppose instead I am a person of "color". I send the query =
"MAGENTA.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG IN MX?". (a) Which answer should I expect? =
(b) Which answers are valid?

  MAGENTA.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG
  MAGENTA.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG
  MAGENTA.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG
  MAGENTA.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG

In other words, are we just providing equivalence in the namespace for =
the purpose of queries, or are we also doing so for answers?


Joe



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On Wed, Dec 16, 2009 at 12:00:51PM +0000, Joe Abley wrote:
> 
> On 2009-12-15, at 16:06, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> 
> > If I delegate color.example.org and colour.example.org to the same
> > delegee, how can I be certain that color.example.org and
> > colour.example.org _really are_ the same?  
> 
> A clarifying question from an IDNA-ignorant thread-lurker. I am just trying to understand the problem statement.
> 
> Suppose I am a person that needs to use and see and understand "colour" rather than "color".
> 
> I send a query "MAGENTA.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG IN MX?" and get the answer MAGENTA.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG".
> 
> Suppose instead I am a person of "color". I send the query "MAGENTA.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG IN MX?". (a) Which answer should I expect? (b) Which answers are valid?
> 
>   MAGENTA.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG
>   MAGENTA.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG
>   MAGENTA.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOR.EXAMPLE.ORG
>   MAGENTA.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG 3600 IN MX PALETTE.COLOUR.EXAMPLE.ORG
> 
> In other words, are we just providing equivalence in the namespace for the purpose of queries, or are we also doing so for answers?
> 
> 
> Joe
> 
> 

	if, as Ed suggests, we are looking at the mathmatical definition of equivalence,
	then I would suggest that we would need equivalence for queries and responses.

	imho of course.

--bill


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
References: <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]> <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.>
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+1 on equivalence.


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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
In-reply-to: <82aaxjjkg7.fsf@mid.bfk.de>
To: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
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Florian Weimer wrote,
in the context of allowing CNAME and DNAME together:
> So you'd need to avoid putting an alternative encoding of a domain
> name in the RR data part.  (The RFC 1123/2181 requirement was also
> picked up by the SRV RR, and probably others.)
> 
> I think it is a bit hard to explain that you can send mail to
> <mailbox@xn-1234.example>, but you cannot put mx.xn-1234.example into
> the zone file (assuming that xn-1234 is not the canonical encoding).
> But maybe this is good enough.

	I expect that it would be.

	Besides, with only one zone to maintain, the (operational) rules
	for what is allowed on the RHS of any RR are easy to write.

	VBR,
	Niall O'Reilly

	


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Date: Wed, 16 Dec 2009 09:32:08 -0500
To: Ralph Droms <rdroms@cisco.com>
From: Olafur Gudmundsson <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: [dnsext] Advancement statement for dnsext-dnssec-gost-06
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, IESG Secretary <iesg-secretary@ietf.org>, Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
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Ralph,
Here is a document from DNSEXT.
Please start an IETF LC as soon as feasible.

Document:  draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-gost-06.txt
Statement:

   (1.a)  Who is the Document Shepherd for this document?  Has the
           Document Shepherd personally reviewed this version of the
           document and, in particular, does he or she believe this
           version is ready for forwarding to the IESG for publication?

Olafur Gudmundsson DNSEXT co-chair.
This version has addressed all issues raised in the working group last
call and the document is ready for publication.


    (1.b)  Has the document had adequate review both from key WG members
           and from key non-WG members?  Does the Document Shepherd have
           any concerns about the depth or breadth of the reviews that
           have been performed?
Yes it has.
No concerns about quality of review.

    (1.c)  Does the Document Shepherd have concerns that the document
           needs more review from a particular or broader perspective,
           e.g., security, operational complexity, someone familiar with
           AAA, internationalization, or XML?

This document should be reviewed by the security area.


    (1.d)  Does the Document Shepherd have any specific concerns or
           issues with this document that the Responsible Area Director
           and/or the IESG should be aware of?  For example, perhaps he
           or she is uncomfortable with certain parts of the document, or
           has concerns whether there really is a need for it.  In any
           event, if the WG has discussed those issues and has indicated
           that it still wishes to advance the document, detail those
           concerns here.  Has an IPR disclosure related to this document
           been filed?  If so, please include a reference to the
           disclosure and summarize the WG discussion and conclusion on
           this issue.

There was some push back as to if this document should be published 
on standards
track or informational.  This document is making registrations in 
registries that
require Standards action, thus only Standards track documents can perform these
registrations. The working group is comfortable with Standards track.


    (1.e)  How solid is the WG consensus behind this document?  Does it
           represent the strong concurrence of a few individuals, with
           others being silent, or does the WG as a whole understand and
           agree with it?

This is always hard to judge, the core members of the working group seem to
understand the issues and discussing this document brought in new 
participants.
My understanding is that the average WG members sees no problem or issue in
this becoming an RFC.


    (1.f)  Has anyone threatened an appeal or otherwise indicated extreme
           discontent?  If so, please summarize the areas of conflict in
           separate email messages to the Responsible Area Director.  (It
           should be in a separate email because this questionnaire is
           entered into the ID Tracker.)

No,

    (1.g)  Has the Document Shepherd personally verified that the
           document satisfies all ID nits?  (See
           http://www.ietf.org/ID-Checklist.html and
           http://tools.ietf.org/tools/idnits/.) Boilerplate checks are
           not enough; this check needs to be thorough.  Has the document
           met all formal review criteria it needs to, such as the MIB
           Doctor, media type, and URI type reviews?  If the document
           does not already indicate its intended status at the top of
           the first page, please indicate the intended status here.

Yes, I have checked the document, no nits.



    (1.h)  Has the document split its references into normative and
           informative?  Are there normative references to documents that
           are not ready for advancement or are otherwise in an unclear
           state?  If such normative references exist, what is the
           strategy for their completion?  Are there normative references
           that are downward references, as described in [RFC3967]?  If
           so, list these downward references to support the Area
           Director in the Last Call procedure for them [RFC3967].

Yes references are split.
Normative references 4357 is informational but that RFC is in
http://trac.tools.ietf.org/group/iesg/trac/wiki/DownrefRegistry
thus IMHO this is OK.



    (1.i)  Has the Document Shepherd verified that the document's IANA
           Considerations section exists and is consistent with the body
           of the document?  If the document specifies protocol
           extensions, are reservations requested in appropriate IANA
           registries?  Are the IANA registries clearly identified?  If
           the document creates a new registry, does it define the
           proposed initial contents of the registry and an allocation
           procedure for future registrations?  Does it suggest a
           reasonable name for the new registry?  See [RFC2434].  If the
           document describes an Expert Review process, has the Document
           Shepherd conferred with the Responsible Area Director so that
           the IESG can appoint the needed Expert during IESG Evaluation?

The document IANA actions are clearly identified.


    (1.j)  Has the Document Shepherd verified that sections of the
           document that are written in a formal language, such as XML
           code, BNF rules, MIB definitions, etc., validate correctly in
           an automated checker?

YES

    (1.k)  The IESG approval announcement includes a Document
           Announcement Write-Up.  Please provide such a Document
           Announcement Write-Up.  Recent examples can be found in the
           "Action" announcements for approved documents.  The approval
           announcement contains the following sections:

           Technical Summary
              Relevant content can frequently be found in the abstract
              and/or introduction of the document.  If not, this may be
              an indication that there are deficiencies in the abstract
              or introduction.

This document defines the use of new digital signature algorithm, the 
specifications
of this algorithm was originally published in Russian but an English 
translation
is in the RFC editors queue.
The document describes how to publish a public key in a DNSKEY record, how
to convert the public key into a construct used by crypto libraries, and how
to generate digital signature and publish it in a RRSIG.

The documents further describes how to publish an authorizing DS record for a
DNSKEY using a corresponding digest algorithms.


           Working Group Summary
              Was there anything in the WG process that is worth noting?
              For example, was there controversy about particular points
              or were there decisions where the consensus was
              particularly rough?

The consensus for this document is strong.

           Document Quality
              Are there existing implementations of the protocol?  Have a
              significant number of vendors indicated their plan to
              implement the specification?  Are there any reviewers that
              merit special mention as having done a thorough review,
              e.g., one that resulted in important changes or a
              conclusion that the document had no substantive issues?  If
              there was a MIB Doctor, Media Type, or other Expert Review,
              what was its course (briefly)?  In the case of a Media Type
              Review, on what date was the request posted?

This document has been reported by few DNS implementors to be clear 
enough to be
implementable. There have been changes in the wire format between the 
different
versions, using random testing codes for IANA requested values.
This document is similar in many respects to RFC5702 and RFC 4509
as the DNS inter operability issues are identical.
The only difference is the underlying technologies, RSA/SHA2
vs GOST R 34.10-2001/GOST R 34.11-94.



           Personnel
              Who is the Document Shepherd for this document?  Who is the
              Responsible Area Director?  If the document requires IANA
              experts(s), insert 'The IANA Expert(s) for the registries
              in this document are <TO BE ADDED BY THE AD>.'

Document Shepherd is: Olafur Gudmundsson
AD: Ralph Droms

         Olafur and Andrew



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Date: Wed, 16 Dec 2009 14:46:40 +0000
From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
In-reply-to: <5D65FA09-336E-4BB9-A563-83C3717C94DC@rfc1035.com>
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On 15 Dec 2009 at 19:38, Jim Reid wrote:
> On 15 Dec 2009, at 16:06, Andrew Sullivan wrote:
>> Now our problem is that we're not actually solving the use case.
>> We're saying, "You, zone person, solve this."
> 
> Yup: works for me.... :-) In this case, that is The Right Thing to do IMO.
> 
> It's not clear that the use case is compelling enough to be a real 
> problem. 

	That's not how I see it, Jim, but (what I see as) your
	underlying point is significant.

	It's pretty clear that a real problem is involved.
	What's not clear to me is whether this problem is better
	solved (for some definition of "better" 8-P ) by the
	"zone person" or in the protocol.  It's seems to me that,
	for clarification, the "cost" on either side of this
	provisioning-versus-protocol trade-off needs to be exposed.
	To this end, I have two questions, each apparently involving
	a wire-impact-free solution.

	To the zone persons:
	What makes parallel delegation not an acceptable solution
	for you?

	To the protocol persons:
	what breaks if paired CNAME and DNAME are allowed and
	systematically used for pseudo-delegation of any variant
	encoding(s) in parallel with normal delegation of the
	canonically encoded zone?


	ATB,
	Niall O'Reilly


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 16 07:45:09 2009
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Date: Wed, 16 Dec 2009 10:16:52 -0500
To: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
Cc: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>, Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 12:21 +0000 12/16/09, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:
>On Wed, Dec 16, 2009 at 12:00:51PM +0000, Joe Abley wrote:

>>  In other words, are we just providing equivalence in the namespace for
>>  the purpose of queries, or are we also doing so for answers?

>	if, as Ed suggests, we are looking at the mathmatical definition
>	of equivalence, then I would suggest that we would need equivalence
>	for queries and responses.

When I was learning DNS and writing the early DNSSEC code, the 
following little sidebar set the standard for what is "correctness" 
in a response.

Let's say Joe is a system admin in a large organization.  He 
configures a new server to be at 192.0.2.213.  He walks down to 
Bill's office, the guy who runs the DNS servers and says the new host 
is on 192.0.2.218 - an obvious error.

When Bill enters this into the DNS and then signs it with DNSSEC, the 
result is that the 218 address is signed (source authenticity, 
integrity and all that).

What won't happen inside the DNS is a correction when connects fail 
to be made to 218.  Joe has to be alerted that the address is wrong, 
he will go to Bill and request the change.  (Even if Bill hears there 
is a problem first, he'd call Joe to get the correct address.)

The moral is that correctness of any response within the DNS is 
limited to the correctness of what is entered into the DNS.  DNSSEC 
(or any other checks) won't overcome this.

So, looking at the example (Andrew/Joe/Bill), the DNS itself knows of 
no special relationship between color and colour.  The special 
relationship is established external to the DNS.  The DNS is told to 
make the two "be equivalent."

Outside the DNS space, there is talk that I would interpret as "we 
want these two zones to be equivalent."  Inside the DNS space, we can 
craft a mechanism or technique to make two domains be equivalent.

Of course, first we need to the equivalence function.

For the outside of the DNS space, users of DNS want to make sure they 
get what they want.  If the equivalence function is not what they 
have in mind, then nothing will be successful (like opening a 
connection to 218 when the host is at 213).  For the inside of the 
DNS space discussions, the equivalence function will be what 
determines what technique or mechanism provides the desired outcome.

That is why I am calling for the definition of equivalence.

To the inside of DNS, it's not that important whether you want these 
examples to be equivalent or not:

(use case[0])
(audible)      our-eyes.tld. and hour-eyes.tld.
(writing)      <zhong1><guo2-Trad>. and <zhong1><guo2-Simp>.
(visual)       (the example of com in Cyrillic and ASCII)
(dialect)      color.us. and colour.co.uk.
(slang)        take-out-food.us. and take-away-food.sg.
(biz relation) moms-spring-water.org. & subsidiary34.major-beverage-corp.com.

[0] - I probably missed some reasons.

That choice is policy from the outside of the DNS.  The inside of DNS 
just has to figure out what the diff is between queries relating to 
the two domains that are supposed to be "equivalent."

(Outside - the non-technical components of the protocol; inside - the 
network traffic on port 53 plus the software algorithms in the 
servers and other elements.)

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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Date: Wed, 16 Dec 2009 10:25:15 -0500
To: "Niall O'Reilly" <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
Cc: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>
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At 14:46 +0000 12/16/09, Niall O'Reilly wrote:

>	To the zone persons:
>	What makes parallel delegation not an acceptable solution
>	for you?

This appears in a rant I wrote yesterday.

1) Extra resources to maintain full copies of zones on-line

    The marginal cost of answering a response increases if I need more
    machines, memory, license, power, etc. to handle the same query load.

2) Extra cryptographic work load to maintain DNSSEC

    Let's say 5 M signatures do a zone, and just 6 do the "pointer" to it.
    If I need to have two full copies, that means I go from 5,000,006 to
    10,000,000 signatures to manage.

3) Having to ensure no cruft builds up the separate copies

    In an age of large, high churn zones, deltas are used.  Once a
    wrong record gets in one place, it will stay there until discovered.

>	To the protocol persons:
>	what breaks if paired CNAME and DNAME are allowed and
>	systematically used for pseudo-delegation of any variant
>	encoding(s) in parallel with normal delegation of the
>	canonically encoded zone?

I will listen to other's responses to this, I have some in mind, but 
haven't been thinking as much about this.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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On 16 Dec 2009, at 15:25, Edward Lewis wrote:

> 1) Extra resources to maintain full copies of zones on-line
>
>   The marginal cost of answering a response increases if I need more
>   machines, memory, license, power, etc. to handle the same query  
> load.

True. But is that marginal extra cost significant? And if so, does  
saving that extra cost justify more complexity and probably much  
greater costs for everyone else? It's all very well to consider the  
overheads on those publishing DNS data. But that should be traded off  
against the extra overheads for those reading (and validating?) that  
data, particularly for operating and troubleshooting resolvers.

> 2) Extra cryptographic work load to maintain DNSSEC
>
>   Let's say 5 M signatures do a zone, and just 6 do the "pointer" to  
> it.
>   If I need to have two full copies, that means I go from 5,000,006 to
>   10,000,000 signatures to manage.

Computers are good at repetitive tasks. :-)

Presumably the "just 6" signatures refers to some sort of signature  
over a DNAME for a TLD. But what would that actually mean in practice  
for validation? Suppose foo is a DNAME for the signed bar TLD. How  
will my resolver validate www.ed.foo when there's no ZSK/KSK for .foo  
and the chain of trust goes through .bar? Is that likely to create  
unwanted surprises for the resolver or application or end user? And  
what will be the impact on signing/validation for a synthesised CNAME?

> 3) Having to ensure no cruft builds up the separate copies
>
>   In an age of large, high churn zones, deltas are used.  Once a
>   wrong record gets in one place, it will stay there until discovered.

Cruft and entropy doesn't go away when there's just one zone. Besides,  
when there's cruft in the back-end registry database, it will find its  
way into the zone file. So when the zone is cloned, the same cruft  
gets cloned too.



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 17 01:15:00 2009
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From: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>
To: "'Edward Lewis'" <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, <bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com>
Cc: "'Joe Abley'" <jabley@hopcount.ca>, "'Andrew Sullivan'" <ajs@shinkuro.com>, <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, "'Sotiris Panaretou'" <sotiris@ucy.ac.cy>, =?iso-8859-7?B?J8Pp/vHj7/Igyu/r9eLc8ic=?= <G.Kolyvas@EETT.GR>
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Subject: RE: [dnsext] cloning zones
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 11:03:42 +0200
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Dear Edward,

Speaking as an "outside of DNS" according to your description I have to say
my opinion on what equivalence is to me:

If I wish to visit cnn.com, I can type it as CNN.COM, www.cnn.com,
WWW.CNN.COM or any other combination without problem, it will almost always
resolve. Of course www.cnn.com=cnn.com is an equivalence that is not a DNS
function but for now please disregard this.

If I wish to send an email, I can send it to joe@cnn.com or joe@CNN.COM, it
will always arrive.

I have many times heard the argument that a domain name is just a tag for a
numeric address, I have used this argument many times myself. However, it
happens that in Latin this identifier is very flexible and serves correctly
the use of a language written in Latin characters.

If I do the same in a Greek domain name it will be different in small
letters than the domain in capital letters because of the accented tonos
letter that we use in almost all our words in small letters. If you use the
final sigma at the end of the word (every male name and lots of other words)
the domain will be different than the domain name in capital because in
capital we use the normal sigma.

For each domain with a final sigma and a tonos you will have to use four
different domain names to be sure that the user will type the word as a
normal user would and arrive at the web page or send an email that is
expected to reach a destination some day.

It is not the same with color and colour. We do not wish to equalize two
words that clearly are distinctive. We just wish to provide the user with
the option to use the language as normally as possible. For this we tried to
use DNAME - it is not good enough. We have to have a stronger, more robust
solution that takes care all of the above problems. 

I am following your discussion with great interest and I wish to express my
thanks to all who have put significant thought on the issues this proposal
faces. I would like to ask you not to be negative to this proposal. You do
not face the issue and it is normal to be skeptic about a solution to a
problem that does not exist for you, for us though it is a major issue. 

Kind Regards,

Vaggelis Segredakis
Administrator of the .GR Top Level Domain
Institute of Computer Science
Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas
Tel. +30-281-0391450
Fax +30-281-0391451
Email segred@ics.forth.gr


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
[mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Edward Lewis
Sent: Wednesday, December 16, 2009 5:17 PM
To: bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com
Cc: Joe Abley; Andrew Sullivan; namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones

At 12:21 +0000 12/16/09, bmanning@vacation.karoshi.com wrote:
>On Wed, Dec 16, 2009 at 12:00:51PM +0000, Joe Abley wrote:

>>  In other words, are we just providing equivalence in the namespace for
>>  the purpose of queries, or are we also doing so for answers?

>	if, as Ed suggests, we are looking at the mathmatical definition
>	of equivalence, then I would suggest that we would need equivalence
>	for queries and responses.

When I was learning DNS and writing the early DNSSEC code, the 
following little sidebar set the standard for what is "correctness" 
in a response.

Let's say Joe is a system admin in a large organization.  He 
configures a new server to be at 192.0.2.213.  He walks down to 
Bill's office, the guy who runs the DNS servers and says the new host 
is on 192.0.2.218 - an obvious error.

When Bill enters this into the DNS and then signs it with DNSSEC, the 
result is that the 218 address is signed (source authenticity, 
integrity and all that).

What won't happen inside the DNS is a correction when connects fail 
to be made to 218.  Joe has to be alerted that the address is wrong, 
he will go to Bill and request the change.  (Even if Bill hears there 
is a problem first, he'd call Joe to get the correct address.)

The moral is that correctness of any response within the DNS is 
limited to the correctness of what is entered into the DNS.  DNSSEC 
(or any other checks) won't overcome this.

So, looking at the example (Andrew/Joe/Bill), the DNS itself knows of 
no special relationship between color and colour.  The special 
relationship is established external to the DNS.  The DNS is told to 
make the two "be equivalent."

Outside the DNS space, there is talk that I would interpret as "we 
want these two zones to be equivalent."  Inside the DNS space, we can 
craft a mechanism or technique to make two domains be equivalent.

Of course, first we need to the equivalence function.

For the outside of the DNS space, users of DNS want to make sure they 
get what they want.  If the equivalence function is not what they 
have in mind, then nothing will be successful (like opening a 
connection to 218 when the host is at 213).  For the inside of the 
DNS space discussions, the equivalence function will be what 
determines what technique or mechanism provides the desired outcome.

That is why I am calling for the definition of equivalence.

To the inside of DNS, it's not that important whether you want these 
examples to be equivalent or not:

(use case[0])
(audible)      our-eyes.tld. and hour-eyes.tld.
(writing)      <zhong1><guo2-Trad>. and <zhong1><guo2-Simp>.
(visual)       (the example of com in Cyrillic and ASCII)
(dialect)      color.us. and colour.co.uk.
(slang)        take-out-food.us. and take-away-food.sg.
(biz relation) moms-spring-water.org. &
subsidiary34.major-beverage-corp.com.

[0] - I probably missed some reasons.

That choice is policy from the outside of the DNS.  The inside of DNS 
just has to figure out what the diff is between queries relating to 
the two domains that are supposed to be "equivalent."

(Outside - the non-technical components of the protocol; inside - the 
network traffic on port 53 plus the software algorithms in the 
servers and other elements.)

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.





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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 17 09:11:53 2009
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Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 12:00:37 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: We need a better problem statement (was: [dnsext] cloning zones)
Message-ID: <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com>
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr>
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No hat.

A couple things from your mail.

On Thu, Dec 17, 2009 at 11:03:42AM +0200, Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:

> If I wish to visit cnn.com, I can type it as CNN.COM, www.cnn.com,
> WWW.CNN.COM or any other combination without problem, it will almost always
> resolve. Of course www.cnn.com=cnn.com is an equivalence that is not a DNS
> function but for now please disregard this.

Well, _no_, we can't disregard it.  Just a few years ago, it was by no
means predictable that if you used your web browser and connected to
port 80 of whatever resolved to cnn.com, you would get exactly the
same page as you would get if you used your web browser and attached
to port 80 at whatever resolved to www.cnn.com.  They're different
names in the DNS, and at the time, since most of the web population
was relatively clueful about these things, nobody was surprised that
these were different.  

Over time, there evolved the practice that people would add an A
record for the domain (in this case, cnn.com) that was equivalent to
the original target host (in this case, www.cnn.com).  It's not,
however, even a reliable convention today.  Importantly, it has
_nothing at all_ to do with how the DNS works, and everything to do
with how the zone administrators run their zones.  

The case-insensitive matching is, I grant, a different problem.  But
that is not exactly an issue in IDNA2008, because under that proposal
the uppercase versions aren't legal anyway.  So nobody can reach
them.  (I'm aware that this is the wrong list for debating the details
of IDNA2008; I'm just trying to make clear the ways in which the
plain-DNS/IDNA2008 analogy breaks down.)

> If I wish to send an email, I can send it to joe@cnn.com or joe@CNN.COM, it
> will always arrive.

But note that there is no guarantee that joe@cnn.com and JOE@CNN.COM
are the same address, because the local-part rules are a local matter.
Just about nobody knows this, and servers for the most part do
something sane rather than what is strictly allowed by the protocol.
So from the same premise, we might be able to conclude that we should
leave well enough alone here, because zone operators already have
enough facilities to be able to put _in the DNS_ exactly what is
needed to support the use case, even though it will be awkward.  (If I
understand him correctly, for instance, this is what Jim Reid is
arguing.)

> It is not the same with color and colour. We do not wish to equalize two
> words that clearly are distinctive.

Why are these clearly distinctive?  In Canadian English according to
at least one handy dictionary I have, those are the same word, period.
In British and American English, one of them is a misspelling, but not
in Canadian English.  The only convention is that you have to pick one
in a given document and stick with it.  (This ambiguity is exactly why
I picked them as an example.)

> use DNAME - it is not good enough. We have to have a stronger, more robust
> solution that takes care all of the above problems. 

Chair hat back on.

My reading of the remarks in this thread is that "all the above
problems" and "takes care of" are still underdefined.  So a more
complete, painfully-outlined problem statement is, I think, still
needed.  Perhaps someone could write up an Internet Draft with a
complete outline of all the issues that we are trying to solve.

Best regards,

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 17 09:36:54 2009
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Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 12:26:02 -0500
To: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers WG <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
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At 16:00 +0000 12/16/09, Jim Reid wrote:

>True. But is that marginal extra cost significant?

Yes.  Well, nothing in operations is absolute - the real answer is it 
could be, depending on where in the capacity step-curve the system is.

>And if so, does saving that extra cost justify more complexity and
>probably much greater costs for everyone else?

That wasn't part of the question.  Come to think of it, that question 
cuts both ways.

>It's all very well to consider the overheads on those publishing DNS data.
>But that should be traded off against the extra overheads for those reading
>(and validating?) that data, particularly for operating and troubleshooting
>resolvers.

Well, I would think considering that, then the costs on duplicate 
zones are even higher.

It's like this.  When I run into a bug involving a zone of 2M(illion) 
names, my first reaction is to build a zone of 50 names and see *how* 
I can replicate the issue.  I do this because, once I am successful 
in replicating the problem, the time it takes to "twiddle, load, run, 
test" is much shorter when you are loading 50 names and not 2M. 
Further, when it comes time to make the bug report, a zonefile of 50 
can be cut and pasted into email easier than 2M.

(BTW, I just did that again this week.)

>>  2) Extra cryptographic work load to maintain DNSSEC
>>
>>    Let's say 5 M signatures do a zone, and just 6 do the "pointer" to it.
>>    If I need to have two full copies, that means I go from 5,000,006 to
>>    10,000,000 signatures to manage.
>
>Computers are good at repetitive tasks. :-)

Computers don't write checks for support licenses, power bills, and 
rack space.  (In the case that a doubling means I need another rack 
or power circuit or...)

>Presumably the "just 6" signatures refers to some sort of signature over a
>DNAME for a TLD. But what would that actually mean in practice for validation?

"Just 6" refers the approximate number of signature records a tiny 
zone needs.  Like SOA RRSIG, NSEC RRSIG, NS RRSIG, DNSKEY RRSIG.  I 
probably got 6 from usually counting two DNSKEY RRs and/or NSEC3PARAM 
RRSIG.  (Those are all "large" records in a small zone, other records 
have negligible impact.)

>Suppose foo is a DNAME for the signed bar TLD. How will my resolver validate
>www.ed.foo when there's no ZSK/KSK for .foo and the chain of trust 
>goes through
>.bar? Is that likely to create unwanted surprises for the resolver or
>application or end user? And what will be the impact on signing/validation
>for a synthesised CNAME?

Someone really needs to write a textbook quality tome on DNSSEC 
someday.  This is basic DNSSEC stuff, independent of the thread's 
topics.

If you have X CNAME Y, Y CNAME Z, and Z CNAME W, with a trust anchor 
covering X and Z but not Y, then you can validate the first CNAME, 
the last CNAME, and if you have an anchor over W, the data at W.  But 
you can't verify Y CNAME Z.

What is the unwanted "surprise" here?  If you "traverse" through an 
unsigned zone the traversing is not DNSSEC protected.  But it's like 
going to a web page using DNSSEC for the HTML file but then accessing 
advertising links that don't use DNSSEC.

DNSSEC protects DNSSEC data, when you try to look at it from the 
point of view of an application, you'll get lost.

>>  3) Having to ensure no cruft builds up the separate copies
>>
>>    In an age of large, high churn zones, deltas are used.  Once a
>>    wrong record gets in one place, it will stay there until discovered.
>
>Cruft and entropy doesn't go away when there's just one zone. Besides, when
>there's cruft in the back-end registry database, it will find its way into
>the zone file. So when the zone is cloned, the same cruft gets cloned too.

Yes, and that is my point.  Recently in an exercise on some old data 
I discovered that 1 in 10,000 NSEC3 records were in error.  It took 
me two weeks of reverse engineering the hashes (don't get excited 
NSEC3 fans - I ran all the names of the zone -which I had- through a 
tool to see the hashes, then matched up the hashes - I didn't crack 
the crypto) to identify the 200 names.  The names weren't otherwise 
distinguishable.

Imagine if I had to do that in two places (zones).  (Yes, if the bug 
was in the database, the names would be the same.  But if the bug was 
in the update/load process...)

The point is, the number replicated zones is a multiplier on the load 
of operations management.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 17 09:50:39 2009
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Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> No hat.
>
> A couple things from your mail.
>
> On Thu, Dec 17, 2009 at 11:03:42AM +0200, Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:
>
>   
>> If I wish to visit cnn.com, I can type it as CNN.COM, www.cnn.com,
>> WWW.CNN.COM or any other combination without problem, it will almost always
>> resolve. Of course www.cnn.com=cnn.com is an equivalence that is not a DNS
>> function but for now please disregard this.
>>     
>
> Well, _no_, we can't disregard it.  Just a few years ago, it was by no
> means predictable that if you used your web browser and connected to
> port 80 of whatever resolved to cnn.com, you would get exactly the
> same page as you would get if you used your web browser and attached
> to port 80 at whatever resolved to www.cnn.com.  They're different
> names in the DNS, and at the time, since most of the web population
> was relatively clueful about these things, nobody was surprised that
> these were different.  
>
> Over time, there evolved the practice that people would add an A
> record for the domain (in this case, cnn.com) that was equivalent to
> the original target host (in this case, www.cnn.com).  It's not,
> however, even a reliable convention today.  Importantly, it has
> _nothing at all_ to do with how the DNS works, and everything to do
> with how the zone administrators run their zones.  
>
> The case-insensitive matching is, I grant, a different problem.  But
> that is not exactly an issue in IDNA2008, because under that proposal
> the uppercase versions aren't legal anyway.  So nobody can reach
> them.  (I'm aware that this is the wrong list for debating the details
> of IDNA2008; I'm just trying to make clear the ways in which the
> plain-DNS/IDNA2008 analogy breaks down.)
>
>   
>> If I wish to send an email, I can send it to joe@cnn.com or joe@CNN.COM, it
>> will always arrive.
>>     
>
> But note that there is no guarantee that joe@cnn.com and JOE@CNN.COM
> are the same address, because the local-part rules are a local matter.
> Just about nobody knows this, and servers for the most part do
> something sane rather than what is strictly allowed by the protocol.
>
>
>   
Just for the sake of completeness...

RFC 5321, Section 2.4:

However, exploiting the
   case sensitivity of mailbox local-parts impedes interoperability and
   is discouraged.  

							- Kevin




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From: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
To: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
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Subject: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 18:05:45 +0000
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On 17 Dec 2009, at 17:00, Andrew Sullivan wrote:

> So from the same premise, we might be able to conclude that we should
> leave well enough alone here, because zone operators already have
> enough facilities to be able to put _in the DNS_ exactly what is
> needed to support the use case, even though it will be awkward.  (If I
> understand him correctly, for instance, this is what Jim Reid is
> arguing.)

Indeed.

A clearer problem statement would be very helpful. Though on the face  
of it, I think it's going to be hard enough to come up with a viable  
definition of zone equivalence let alone a way of inventing a protocol  
to support that.


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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 17 Dec 2009 18:05:45 GMT." <AB0B36B7-1966-455F-86D5-E3C5C371C614@rfc1035.com> 
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> From: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
> Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 18:05:45 +0000
> 
> A clearer problem statement would be very helpful. Though on the face of
> it, I think it's going to be hard enough to come up with a viable
> definition of zone equivalence let alone a way of inventing a protocol to
> support that.

at its highest level, a problem statement would have to acknowledge the
rolling nature of all dns upgrades, and that without client side awareness
for the first five to ten years, we're left pondering only statements of
problems which have no good solutions.  a problem statement that failed to
take account of the long tail of client upgrades would be useless to us,
and one that does take this into account will rule out many proposed
solutions that i've seen proposed or defended in this thread.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 17 12:28:54 2009
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Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 15:22:09 -0500
To: Doug Barton <dougb@dougbarton.us>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
Cc: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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At 12:46 -0800 12/15/09, Doug Barton wrote:

>Furthermore, I am saying that there is no way to truly make what you
>and Ed seem to be describing (treat every variant as an exact,
>functional duplicate of the "front end" domain in every way, for every
>purpose, including DNSSEC) without changes to the resolvers, which is
>problematic politically as well.

To put the cart and the horse in the right order, I am not stating 
how this should work, I am repeating what I am hear from others in 
the effort to understand the problem to solve.

First - I have been asking "what does it mean to make two DOMAINS act 
the SAME."  Not "why" and I really don't care about the motivation.

>You can't, and you never will be able to. I actually have an idea that
>I'll add to the end of this message, but no matter what c!3VeR h4cKz
>we come up with the end result is always going to be that we have to
>trust the delegee.
>
>So first of all, I repeat my request for a clearer definition of the
>problem, political thorns and all. Those who have a distaste for
>trying to craft technical solutions to solve policy disputes are free
>not to participate.

Political thorns?  No, let's not do that here.  Remove the reasons 
for trying to make two domains act the same.  Stop thinking in terms 
of zones even.

Let's say we have X DNAME Y in the attempt to make all queries in the 
X domain be the same as asking the Y domain.  The query "X/IN/DNAME" 
will of course not be the same as "Y/IN/DNAME" - and if you define 
equivalence to exclude that difference you have succeeded (or are one 
step closer).

>Enjoy kicking this one around,

Maybe the problem is different.  Maybe it's not a matter of copying 
data space into another.  Maybe what we need to define is some sort 
of query redirection mechanism.  CNAME and DNAME are the first two 
steps there.  The problem with anything in the data space is that old 
servers don't know them.  If the new types have no special 
processing, then it's okay, we have that RFC on handling unknown 
types.

The problem is the special processing.  Maybe we should recognize 
that and keep the data space only as dirty as it already is.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Thu Dec 17 14:05:45 2009
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Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2009 13:53:33 -0800
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
From: Matthew Dempsky <matthew@dempsky.org>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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On Wed, Dec 16, 2009 at 7:25 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
> 1) Extra resources to maintain full copies of zones on-line

This is only an issue if you precompute DNSSEC signatures.  Otherwise,
a nameserver can easily be built that knows to respond to
colour.example.com queries by looking for color.example.com records,
and then rewriting the domain names before sending the response to the
client.

> 2) Extra cryptographic work load to maintain DNSSEC

This is again only an issue for precomputed DNSSEC signatures.  CPU
requirements for online authentication grow proportional to the number
of queries, not the number of unique qnames.

> 3) Having to ensure no cruft builds up the separate copies

Again not an issue if the authoritative servers handle rewriting the
domain names dynamically.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 18 01:13:35 2009
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From: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>
To: "'Andrew Sullivan'" <ajs@shinkuro.com>, <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com>
Subject: RE: We need a better problem statement (was: [dnsext] cloning zones)
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 11:00:27 +0200
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Dear Andrew,

My use of English might has been misleading because I thought I have =
already
explained the problem. I will try to do it again with some examples:

The domain names (you can use our converter
https://grweb.ics.forth.gr/AceConverter?lang=3Den to view them in Greek)

xn--0xadhj4a.gr and
xn--0xaafjl.gr

are the two variants necessary today for a user to use the word tax =
(=F6=FC=F1=EF=F2)
as a domain name. Why they are necessary? Because the first one is the =
word
with =FC (small omicron with tonos) where the second is without the =
tonos. You
use the first version if you type the word using small letters but the
second one if you typed it in capital. You mentioned that the IDNA2008
eliminates upper case letters from the browser line. This is not exactly
what happens; the protocol eliminates capital letters mapping to lower
letters inside the protocol itself. The software of the browsers etc =
will
still be mapping the capital letters to small before PUNYCODE and =
sending
them to the DNS. This way the problem still exists because for the user =
who
inputs the domain in caps the first domain will be used where for the =
user
who inputs it in small letters the second domain will be used.

In the IDNA2008 the problem doubles. Each one of the domains described
becomes two variants: One with the small final sigma (a sigma used as =
the
last letter of a word) and one with a normal sigma (for the ones who =
type it
with a capital letter sigma which will be converted to a small sigma).

You can accept all the above as a sad fact of life and ask the user to =
set
up all four domain names; Web servers, mail servers, zone files, ftp =
servers
etc. Would you consider it normal this way? How fragile this becomes as =
a
setup and how complicated? What would be the cost of it?

A usual user does not know how a browser is operating beneath the =
surface;
He installs it, he runs it and voila! Web pages appear! He does not =
setup
ips anymore, someone came up with DHCP. Everything is created with the =
human
dimension built into it, taking in account the user experience.=20

This is not the case if you wish to use variants. Without xNAME variants =
are
not fully operational, they cannot serve as a four-in-one bundle in our
example. You have to ask the user to adapt to the protocol or pay for
expensive and fragile services. We really wish this stops being the =
case. We
would like to be able to assist the user with a proper workaround since =
this
happens because of the IDNA protocols and it is not a user fault.

The specs for the xNAME?
Name1 xNAME name2 means that the whole tree (+ that level) are working =
as a
single name.
ftp name1 =3D ftp name2
http://name1 =3D http://name2
http://www.name1 =3D http://www.name2
email user1@name1 =3D email user1@name2

IETF proposed the bundles as a solution to variant registration =
(RFC4290),
some registries followed because there was no better alternative. Now =
that
we have worked for some years with these bundles, we need a real tool to
make them elegant and easy to use; xNAME is a necessity.

I would very much like to be more technically competent to draw in =
detail
and with precise specs our requirement but I pretty much know you all =
have a
picture of what we are asking for.

Best Regards,

Vaggelis Segredakis


-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
[mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Andrew Sullivan
Sent: Thursday, December 17, 2009 7:01 PM
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: We need a better problem statement (was: [dnsext] cloning =
zones)

No hat.

A couple things from your mail.

On Thu, Dec 17, 2009 at 11:03:42AM +0200, Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:

> If I wish to visit cnn.com, I can type it as CNN.COM, www.cnn.com,
> WWW.CNN.COM or any other combination without problem, it will almost
always
> resolve. Of course www.cnn.com=3Dcnn.com is an equivalence that is not =
a DNS
> function but for now please disregard this.

Well, _no_, we can't disregard it.  Just a few years ago, it was by no
means predictable that if you used your web browser and connected to
port 80 of whatever resolved to cnn.com, you would get exactly the
same page as you would get if you used your web browser and attached
to port 80 at whatever resolved to www.cnn.com.  They're different
names in the DNS, and at the time, since most of the web population
was relatively clueful about these things, nobody was surprised that
these were different. =20

Over time, there evolved the practice that people would add an A
record for the domain (in this case, cnn.com) that was equivalent to
the original target host (in this case, www.cnn.com).  It's not,
however, even a reliable convention today.  Importantly, it has
_nothing at all_ to do with how the DNS works, and everything to do
with how the zone administrators run their zones. =20

The case-insensitive matching is, I grant, a different problem.  But
that is not exactly an issue in IDNA2008, because under that proposal
the uppercase versions aren't legal anyway.  So nobody can reach
them.  (I'm aware that this is the wrong list for debating the details
of IDNA2008; I'm just trying to make clear the ways in which the
plain-DNS/IDNA2008 analogy breaks down.)

> If I wish to send an email, I can send it to joe@cnn.com or =
joe@CNN.COM,
it
> will always arrive.

But note that there is no guarantee that joe@cnn.com and JOE@CNN.COM
are the same address, because the local-part rules are a local matter.
Just about nobody knows this, and servers for the most part do
something sane rather than what is strictly allowed by the protocol.
So from the same premise, we might be able to conclude that we should
leave well enough alone here, because zone operators already have
enough facilities to be able to put _in the DNS_ exactly what is
needed to support the use case, even though it will be awkward.  (If I
understand him correctly, for instance, this is what Jim Reid is
arguing.)

> It is not the same with color and colour. We do not wish to equalize =
two
> words that clearly are distinctive.

Why are these clearly distinctive?  In Canadian English according to
at least one handy dictionary I have, those are the same word, period.
In British and American English, one of them is a misspelling, but not
in Canadian English.  The only convention is that you have to pick one
in a given document and stick with it.  (This ambiguity is exactly why
I picked them as an example.)

> use DNAME - it is not good enough. We have to have a stronger, more =
robust
> solution that takes care all of the above problems.=20

Chair hat back on.

My reading of the remarks in this thread is that "all the above
problems" and "takes care of" are still underdefined.  So a more
complete, painfully-outlined problem statement is, I think, still
needed.  Perhaps someone could write up an Internet Draft with a
complete outline of all the issues that we are trying to solve.

Best regards,

A

--=20
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.





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Subject: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr>
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Vaggelis,

Thank you for helping to make the requirements more clear. A few
comments below.

Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:
> Dear Andrew,
> 
> My use of English might has been misleading because I thought I have already
> explained the problem. I will try to do it again with some examples:
> 
> The domain names (you can use our converter
> https://grweb.ics.forth.gr/AceConverter?lang=en to view them in Greek)

You might suggest to your webmasters to do some testing of that page
in Firefox. It does not render well for me (although it may be a
FreeBSD-Firefox issue, I haven't tested it in Windows).

> xn--0xadhj4a.gr and
> xn--0xaafjl.gr

Both of these names are displayed in lower-case letters using the
punycode converter. Based on your discussion below about how IDNA 2008
mandates everything in lower case, that seems to be a feature,
although it's amazing to me that IDNA 2008 would mandate that.

I'm snipping your excellent discussion of with/without tonos and the
terminal sigma. I studied ancient greek in college so I actually
understand the terminal sigma issue pretty well. :)  I also agree with
the point that I think you're making which is that no matter what form
of the word that the user types each form should function the same
way. This idea of "same" should, from the standpoint of the end user,
function in exactly the same way that cnn.com/CNN.COM/cNn.Com/etc.
function in the DNS today. Would you agree that this is a correct
statement of the problem? What you write below seems to indicate that
my perception is correct, but it would be nice if you could confirm it.

> The specs for the xNAME?
> Name1 xNAME name2 means that the whole tree (+ that level) are working as a
> single name.
> ftp name1 = ftp name2
> http://name1 = http://name2
> http://www.name1 = http://www.name2
> email user1@name1 = email user1@name2

Ok, given this understanding of the requirement, have you had a chance
to examine my proposal for the CLONE RR? You can find the description
at
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2009/msg03106.html.
I believe that if we could implement that it would fulfill the
requirement of "the same" with a minimum of delay and/or disruption.

To be clear, that proposal would require the registry to make software
changes in their authoritative DNS servers (which is going to have to
happen no matter what technical solution we embrace), and the
registrant to set up the clone configuration for each of the variants.
The latter should be reduced to anywhere from one to a few lines of
configuration in their name server per variant. Registrars or
registries that provide name service for their customers could of
course automate this process, so to the "average" registrant it would
be fairly painless.

As Paul Vixie and I have both pointed out on this thread, there is no
solution that can give 100% "sameness" that does not involve changes
to the resolvers that Internet end users currently depend on. One
benefit of the CLONE idea is that except for DNSSEC the variants would
all look and act exactly as if the what the user typed in was the
"real" domain. In order for the CLONE idea to work for DNSSEC the
resolver would have to understand what to do with the CLONE RR.

If this sounds like a direction that would be worth pursuing from your
perspective it would be useful to know that. If there are deficiencies
in the idea it would be useful to know that too. :)  Of course if
anything in the CLONE idea is not clear, please let me know.


Regards,

Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 18 02:34:21 2009
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From: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>
To: "'Doug Barton'" <dougb@dougbarton.us>
Cc: "'Andrew Sullivan'" <ajs@shinkuro.com>, <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us>
Subject: [dnsext] RE: We need a better problem statement
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 12:26:10 +0200
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Hello Doug,

Thank you for your reply

>I'm snipping your excellent discussion of with/without tonos and the
>terminal sigma. I studied ancient greek in college so I actually
>understand the terminal sigma issue pretty well. :)  I also agree with
>the point that I think you're making which is that no matter what form
>of the word that the user types each form should function the same
>way. This idea of "same" should, from the standpoint of the end user,
>function in exactly the same way that cnn.com/CNN.COM/cNn.Com/etc.
>function in the DNS today. Would you agree that this is a correct
>statement of the problem? What you write below seems to indicate that
>my perception is correct, but it would be nice if you could confirm it.

This appears to be a correct statement, especially if you succeed on this
for all service, email, ftp, http etc.

>> The specs for the xNAME?
>> Name1 xNAME name2 means that the whole tree (+ that level) are working as
>a
>> single name.
>> ftp name1 = ftp name2
>> http://name1 = http://name2
>> http://www.name1 = http://www.name2
>> email user1@name1 = email user1@name2

>Ok, given this understanding of the requirement, have you had a chance
>to examine my proposal for the CLONE RR? You can find the description
>at
>http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2009/msg03106.html.
>I believe that if we could implement that it would fulfill the
>requirement of "the same" with a minimum of delay and/or disruption.

I looked at your proposal again. I hope this proposal does not mean that
some registries will have std Bind and some have a modified one. This road
appears to be very slippery and the registries that will have to modify
things will soon find themselves with problems. Whatever is decided should
be a part of regular and steady releases of software, otherwise we could
even today hack things up and terminate this discussion. I might have
misunderstood something though so please clarify if I have.

Best Regards,

Vaggelis Segredakis




From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 18 03:22:46 2009
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References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr>
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Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:
> I looked at your proposal again. I hope this proposal does not mean that
> some registries will have std Bind and some have a modified one. This road
> appears to be very slippery and the registries that will have to modify
> things will soon find themselves with problems. Whatever is decided should
> be a part of regular and steady releases of software, otherwise we could
> even today hack things up and terminate this discussion. I might have
> misunderstood something though so please clarify if I have.

I think I understand your concern correctly, so let me try to restate
what I am proposing in a way that will address it. What I wrote in my
previous e-mail message is a "rough draft" of an idea that that I
would like to see turned into an Internet-Draft, and then an RFC that
could be implemented as a standard part of the DNS protocol by all
software authors.

That said, it's very important for everyone to be on the same page in
terms of what will be required on the technical end to solve this
problem. The DNS protocol (and by extension, the existing software)
does not currently include what is needed to solve the problem of
making variants act "the same" as other domains. Even the simplest
change to the current protocol (the CNAME+DNAME idea) would require
changes to the authoritative server software of the parent domain
(whether the parent is a TLD or not).

The benefit of the CLONE idea is that it can be implemented fairly
easily in the authoritative name servers of the parent and child zone
operators and this will give you "the same for every purpose except
DNSSEC" without depending on the resolvers being updated.

The one technical solution that does exist right now is the "multiple
delegation" idea, which requires that the parent to delegate each
variant separately, and the child to somehow duplicate the zone data
for each variant. This idea would also work for everything except
DNSSEC for the variants, however it creates a comparatively large
maintenance problem for the child zone operator. FWIW, I do believe
that there are technical solutions to the maintenance issues that
render them fairly painless, however the fact that the "multiple
delegation" idea does not handle DNSSEC for the variants means that it
is not a full solution to the problem of making the variants totally
"the same." The fact that the "multiple delegation" idea is also
politically problematic effectively makes it a non-starter.

I hope that this makes the landscape more clear.


Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 18 03:51:21 2009
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Subject: RE: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
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From: Andrew Draper <ADRAPER@altera.com>
To: "Doug Barton" <dougb@dougbarton.us>, <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
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I thought I understood the clone idea but now I'm confused.

How does it differ from eNAME, which as I understand it is pretty much
equivalent to CNAME+DNAME?

If clone happens all on the server for tld then why does the child
server (for domain.tld) need to do anything different with zone loading
tricks?

As I understand it the problem needs to be solved for three classes of
resolver:
- Those that are new and understand the new protocol (whatever it is)
- Those that are not DNSSEC aware
- Those that are DNSSEC aware but don't understand the new protocol

Lets call these NEW, NON-DNSSEC and CURRENT respectively.

New resolvers clearly won't have any backwards compatibility concerns.

CNAME synthesis can be used for non-dnssec resolvers in both cases, but
puts the load on the parent server if there's a zone cut (as there
usually will be)

But I don't see a solution for current dnssec aware resolvers in either
CLONE or eNAME.

Andy

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
[mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Doug Barton
Sent: 18 December 2009 11:16
To: Vaggelis Segredakis
Cc: 'Andrew Sullivan'; namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement

Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:
> I looked at your proposal again. I hope this proposal does not mean
that
> some registries will have std Bind and some have a modified one. This
road
> appears to be very slippery and the registries that will have to
modify
> things will soon find themselves with problems. Whatever is decided
should
> be a part of regular and steady releases of software, otherwise we
could
> even today hack things up and terminate this discussion. I might have
> misunderstood something though so please clarify if I have.

I think I understand your concern correctly, so let me try to restate
what I am proposing in a way that will address it. What I wrote in my
previous e-mail message is a "rough draft" of an idea that that I
would like to see turned into an Internet-Draft, and then an RFC that
could be implemented as a standard part of the DNS protocol by all
software authors.

That said, it's very important for everyone to be on the same page in
terms of what will be required on the technical end to solve this
problem. The DNS protocol (and by extension, the existing software)
does not currently include what is needed to solve the problem of
making variants act "the same" as other domains. Even the simplest
change to the current protocol (the CNAME+DNAME idea) would require
changes to the authoritative server software of the parent domain
(whether the parent is a TLD or not).

The benefit of the CLONE idea is that it can be implemented fairly
easily in the authoritative name servers of the parent and child zone
operators and this will give you "the same for every purpose except
DNSSEC" without depending on the resolvers being updated.

The one technical solution that does exist right now is the "multiple
delegation" idea, which requires that the parent to delegate each
variant separately, and the child to somehow duplicate the zone data
for each variant. This idea would also work for everything except
DNSSEC for the variants, however it creates a comparatively large
maintenance problem for the child zone operator. FWIW, I do believe
that there are technical solutions to the maintenance issues that
render them fairly painless, however the fact that the "multiple
delegation" idea does not handle DNSSEC for the variants means that it
is not a full solution to the problem of making the variants totally
"the same." The fact that the "multiple delegation" idea is also
politically problematic effectively makes it a non-starter.

I hope that this makes the landscape more clear.


Doug

--

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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us> <B2D54B8F108FF0418AE15027748D3699029D6558@uk-itmsg01.altera.priv.altera.com>
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Andrew Draper wrote:
> I thought I understood the clone idea but now I'm confused.
> 
> How does it differ from eNAME, which as I understand it is pretty much
> equivalent to CNAME+DNAME?
> 
> If clone happens all on the server for tld then why does the child
> server (for domain.tld) need to do anything different with zone loading
> tricks?

Did you read the post where I described the idea? It's at
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2009/msg03106.html.
Apparently I did a very poor job of describing my proposal, I'll try
to clarify it here.

I'm not proposing that CLONE happen only on the parent's authoritative
servers. My proposal has 2 (well, 2.5 really) components.
Authoritative for the parent, authoritative for the child, and resolvers.

For the parent, CLONE is an in-zone RR. Such as:
label		NS	ns1.label
		NS	ns2.label
		DS	<blah>

variant1	CLONE	label
variant2	CLONE	label
etc.

In the authoritative server for the child you could either create
"regular" zone definitions in the configuration file and "simple" zone
files that specify "only" a CLONE RR (for currently unspecified
definitions of "simple" and "only") or preferably a configuration file
option such as (for a BIND'ish example):
zone "variant1.tld" { clone "label.tld"; };

The CLONE-aware resolver would do <something> to signal such to the
authoritative servers, who would then return appropriate CLONE records
to the resolver. The resolver would then use these CLONE RRs to handle
its internal definitions of equivalent domains. A request for
www.variant1.tld would result in a CLONE RR that says "variant1.tld ==
label.tld" and the resolver would then internally change requests for
[foo.]variant1.tld to requests for [foo.]label.tld, get all the
information, validate as necessary, but then return the answer as if
it had been using variant1.tld all along. To the end user the domains
would function in exactly the same manner for every purpose. Only the
resolver would know that there was anything out of the ordinary happening.

If the authoritative server gets a request from a non-CLONE-aware
resolver it treats the request as if it had been for [foo.]label.tld.
So once again, for the end user the two domains are totally the same.
The only difference is that for the non-CLONE resolver DNSSEC
validation will fail.

> As I understand it the problem needs to be solved for three classes of
> resolver:
> - Those that are new and understand the new protocol (whatever it is)

I think I've described this adequately above, if not please let me know.

> - Those that are not DNSSEC aware

For these resolvers no changes are necessary. Everything will work for
them as if variantN.tld actually is label.tld.

> - Those that are DNSSEC aware but don't understand the new protocol

These will fail to validate any answers for the variants.

> Lets call these NEW, NON-DNSSEC and CURRENT respectively.
> 
> New resolvers clearly won't have any backwards compatibility concerns.
> 
> CNAME synthesis can be used for non-dnssec resolvers in both cases,

No no no no no no no. No CNAMEs. I am specifically NOT proposing a
solution that relies on CNAMEs at all. Please re-read what I'm
actually proposing. Any solution that relies on CNAMEs (or DNAMEs for
that matter) does not solve the actual problem of making 2 different
domains "the same." This is another reason why I'm suggesting an RR
with a totally different semantic (as much as I do think Paul's
suggestion of Ename was clever).

> but
> puts the load on the parent server if there's a zone cut (as there
> usually will be)

This part is accurate, yes. For answers to non-CLONE-aware resolvers
it will be up to the authoritative name server to "synthesize" the
answer, but this is quite easily handled with some internal sleight of
hand. I don't see a load issue here, but if I'm missing something
please let me know.

> But I don't see a solution for current dnssec aware resolvers in either
> CLONE or eNAME.

There isn't one, nor can there be one (unless one of the DNSSEC
protocol gurus can pull a rabbit out of their hat, but I think even I
understand it well enough to be sure that's not going to happen). To
get DNSSEC + $SOLUTION the resolvers will have to be updated, full
stop. Now the good news is that ALL of the extant resolvers in
anything even closely resembling production today will have to be
upgraded to get DNSSEC + SHA-2 for the purposes of validating the root
some time next year anyway. So if we can actually agree on what the
solution will be in something resembling a timely manner it's not
impossible that we'll have the software to match in roughly the same
time frame, if not shortly thereafter.

Speaking realistically for a moment, as much as I am a strong
proponent of DNSSEC and am fully committed to finding a solution to
this problem that includes it; the authoritative-only part of CLONE
will solve 95% of the needs of the average end user as soon as it's
deployed. And unless I'm missing something really dramatic, actually
writing the code to do it should not be that difficult.


hth,

Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



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From: Chris Thompson <cet1@cam.ac.uk>
To: Matthew Dempsky <matthew@dempsky.org>
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Reply-To: cet1@cam.ac.uk
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
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References: <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <5D65FA09-336E-4BB9-A563-83C3717C94DC@rfc1035.com> <4B28F2D0.1040200@ucd.ie> <a06240801c74eaaadfa96@10.31.200.227> <d791b8790912171353p29a8de00k254cf6efe35dc1a4@mail.gmail.com>
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On Dec 17 2009, Matthew Dempsky wrote:

>On Wed, Dec 16, 2009 at 7:25 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
>> 1) Extra resources to maintain full copies of zones on-line
>
>This is only an issue if you precompute DNSSEC signatures.  Otherwise,
>a nameserver can easily be built that knows to respond to
>colour.example.com queries by looking for color.example.com records,
>and then rewriting the domain names before sending the response to the
>client.
>
>> 2) Extra cryptographic work load to maintain DNSSEC
>
>This is again only an issue for precomputed DNSSEC signatures.  CPU
>requirements for online authentication grow proportional to the number
>of queries, not the number of unique qnames.
>
>> 3) Having to ensure no cruft builds up the separate copies
>
>Again not an issue if the authoritative servers handle rewriting the
>domain names dynamically.

"Precomputed DNSSEC signatures" are necessary unless all authoritative
servers for the zone have access to the (private halves of) the keys.
Any solution that requires that is going to have very restricted
applicability. (Would ICANN/Verisign want all root server operators
to be able to sign with the root ZSK? I doubt it ...)

-- 
Chris Thompson               University of Cambridge Computing Service,
Email: cet1@ucs.cam.ac.uk    New Museums Site, Cambridge CB2 3QH,
Phone: +44 1223 334715       United Kingdom.


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Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 12:45:10 +0000
From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
In-reply-to: <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us>
To: Doug Barton <dougb@dougbarton.us>
Cc: Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, 'Andrew Sullivan' <ajs@shinkuro.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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Doug Barton wrote:
> That said, it's very important for everyone to be on the same page in
> terms of what will be required on the technical end to solve this
> problem.

	Absolutely.

> The DNS protocol (and by extension, the existing software)
> does not currently include what is needed to solve the problem of
> making variants act "the same" as other domains. Even the simplest
> change to the current protocol (the CNAME+DNAME idea) would require
> changes to the authoritative server software of the parent domain
> (whether the parent is a TLD or not).
> 
> The benefit of the CLONE idea is that it can be implemented fairly
> easily in the authoritative name servers of the parent and child zone
> operators and this will give you "the same for every purpose except
> DNSSEC" without depending on the resolvers being updated.

	I'm missing the motivation here.
	Surely CNAME+DNAME is simpler and less disruptive
	than introducing a new RRtype?  Changes to authoritative
	server code is needed in either case, and existing DNSSEC
	behaviour for CNAME and DNAME can remain unchanged.

	Of course, a single RR is more elegant than a pair, but I
	can't see mere elegance as a compelling consideration.

> The one technical solution that does exist right now is the "multiple
> delegation" idea, which requires that the parent to delegate each
> variant separately, and the child to somehow duplicate the zone data
> for each variant. This idea would also work for everything except
> DNSSEC for the variants, however it creates a comparatively large
> maintenance problem for the child zone operator. 

	Surely, correct (if troublesome) provisioning of multiple zones
	would avoid the "except DNSSEC" pitfall simply by having
	corresponding DS records for each delegation in the parent zone?

	Apart from that, it seems to me that the maintenance problem for
	parallel delegation grows with tree depth as n**2, where n is
	the typical (or locally effective) bundle size.  Greek is too
	hard for me, so I'll just use n=2 and labels ending in "-o[u]r"
	for an example.

	For the domain name "flavour.colour.example.org" to be
	accessible independently of how the same word is represented
	at each of the third and fourth levels, four sets of RRs are
	needed:

		flavour.colour.example.com
		flavor.colour.example.com
		flavour.color.example.com
		flavor.color.example.com

	IIUC, Vaggelis mentioned that a bundle size of 4 is a typical
	requirement for supporting common usage in Greek.  The NIC.IR
	web site indicates that the Dot-Iran service routinely
	accommodates a bundle size of 6.  Ouch!

	Best regards,
	Niall O'Reilly



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Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 09:33:43 -0500
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
Cc: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
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At 13:53 -0800 12/17/09, Matthew Dempsky wrote:

>... not an issue if the authoritative servers handle rewriting the
>domain names dynamically.

The consequence of switching to on-line, in-time generation of 
signatures by all authoritative servers means the following:

A much more complex key management policy.  For one, the private 
signing keys have to be sent to all servers (and securely, encrypted 
in transit).  For another, now a compromise at any server will 
release the private key into the wild.

A whole lot more cost.  If you say "let's rely on an HSM to protect 
the key" then imagine buying a device in the $25K (US) range for each 
and every server you have.  What about anycast - that really bumps up 
the count.  Imagine the headache of getting through customs in 
addition to the number of units needed and the specialized 
installation required.

A loss of independence.  Finally, many registries make use of name 
servers they don't operate.  If you switch to on-line in-time 
generation of signatures then you will be placing your private key 
into somebody else's machine and network.  With such a set up, it 
would be impossible for a registry to claim any sort of service level 
guarantees.

All of this was anticipated in the early days of the protocol design. 
Off-line signing has been an albatross [0], especially when 
considered in the extreme, but operationally it is better than the 
alternative.

[0] see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albatross_(metaphor) for an 
explanation of albatross.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
References: <a06240800c748166f4b8b@10.31.200.233> <202705b0912141345t25f07433oc67e1a0f024b3a7d@mail.gmail.com> <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <200912142233.nBEMXfuw022129@bartok.nlnetlabs.nl> <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]> <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <82aaxjjkg7.fsf@mid.bfk.de> <4B28E9DE.9060802@ucd.ie>
From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 15:33:07 +0000
In-Reply-To: <4B28E9DE.9060802@ucd.ie> (Niall O'Reilly's message of "Wed\, 16 Dec 2009 14\:08\:30 +0000")
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* Niall O'Reilly:

>> I think it is a bit hard to explain that you can send mail to
>> <mailbox@xn-1234.example>, but you cannot put mx.xn-1234.example into
>> the zone file (assuming that xn-1234 is not the canonical encoding).
>> But maybe this is good enough.
>
> 	I expect that it would be.
>
> 	Besides, with only one zone to maintain, the (operational) rules
> 	for what is allowed on the RHS of any RR are easy to write.

What would that rule look like?

Those I can think of don't work if there are Punycode labels in the
zone.  Saying that all servers must have ASCII-only names probably dos
not meet the requirements.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99


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To: Andrew Draper <ADRAPER@altera.com>
CC: Doug Barton <dougb@dougbarton.us>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us> <B2D54B8F108FF0418AE15027748D3699029D6558@uk-itmsg01.altera.priv.altera.com>
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On 12/18/09 3:38 AM, Andrew Draper wrote:
> I thought I understood the clone idea but now I'm confused.
>
> How does it differ from eNAME, which as I understand it is pretty much
> equivalent to CNAME+DNAME?

CNAME+DNAME does not exist!

CNAME per RFC1134 section 3.6.2 (name alias)
,---
If a CNAME RR is present at a node, no other data should be
present; this ensures that the data for a canonical name and its aliases
cannot be different.  This rule also insures that a cached CNAME can be
used without checking with an authoritative server for other RR types.
'---

DNAME per RFC2672  Section 3 (subdomain redirection)
,---
If a DNAME RR is present at a node N, there may be other data at N
(except a CNAME or another DNAME), but there MUST be no data at
any descendant of N.
... Together with the rules for DNS zone authority [DNSCLR] it implies 
that DNAME and NS records can only coexist at the top of a zone which 
has only one node.
'---

Rather than cloning zones, there would be less disruption using an 
interpreted redirection mechanism, in much the same way A-Labels are 
interpreted into unicode strings.  Clients would need to amend the 
routine looking for A-Labels to also include redirection 
interpretations.  It is not hard to see why Paul Hoffman and others 
don't want name restrictions and do not desire a redirection solution.

As you can see from the CNAME and DNAME rules, it is not possible to 
have CNAME+DNAME.  Just as A-label processing involves client side 
processing, a redirection convention can guide users to the "permitted" 
form of a name.

Since DNAME is not always supported, only affects subdomains with CNAME 
as a downgraded response for subdomain nodes, there is no easy way to 
combine the functions of DNAME and CNAME.

(IMHO, this is not likely, much like transforming DNS into adopting 
U-Labels.)

A redirection mechanism could use:

non-permitted-domain DNAME permitted-domain
_alias.non-permitted-domain CNAME permited-domain

It would be possible to define RR type PNAME to replace _alias label 
CNAME convention, but this would take time to adopt.

A redirection mechanism might look like:
non-permitted-domain DNAME permitted-domain
non-permitted-domain PNAME permitted-domain
_alias.non-permitted-domain CNAME permitted-domain (downgrade)

Once client software understands this convention, non-permitted name 
forms would be transparently converted, with needed records at the top 
of the zone replicated from the permitted-domain.

Those without upgraded clients will not fully benefit (status quo), but 
after upgrading their DNS consumer client, users will see permitted 
forms with reduced translational overhead, such as signatures and 
certificates.

IMHO, dyanmic signing DNSSEC can not be defended.  In addition, an 
authorization mechanism was previously added to guard against unexpected 
redirection and may need some consideration.

-Doug


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CC: Doug Barton <dougb@dougbarton.us>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com.> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us> <B2D54B8F108FF0418AE15027748D3699029D6558@uk-itmsg01.altera.priv.altera.com> <4B2BB8A1.9050105@mail-abuse.org>
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Some clarification:

The following together is not possible:
_alias.non-permitted CNAME permitted-domain
non-permitted DNAME permitted-domain

Only when a new RR type of PNAME would PNAME+DNAME be possible such as:
non-permitted domain PNAME permitted-domain
non-permitted domain DNAME permitted-domain

As a downgrade to PNAME+DNAME, just CNAME could be used in conjunction 
with the _alias label, but this would require modified DNS servers.

-Doug



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Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 13:11:05 -0500
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
From: Olafur Gudmundsson/DNSEXT co-chair <ogud@ogud.com>
Subject: [dnsext] FW: [BEHAVE] WGLC for translation documents (6 documents)
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I would like to draw your attention to this WGLC that just started in
behave, some of these documents have DNS implications.
Please send comments to the Behave mailing list.

         Olafur


>-----Original Message-----
>From: behave-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:behave-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
>Dan Wing
>Sent: Thursday, December 17, 2009 11:47 PM
>To: behave@ietf.org
>Cc: behave-chairs@tools.ietf.org
>Subject: [BEHAVE] WGLC for translation documents (6 documents)
>
>We appear ready to start the working group last call for our set of IPv6/IPv4
>translation documents.  This is a two-week WGLC.
>
>We need 5 reviewers to say a document is ready before we will forward the
>documents to the IESG.  A few people have already volunteered, but we need
>more!  Please see http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/behave/trac/wiki/WikiStart.
>If you are already reading the document, this is easy -- just email the chairs
>after your review.
>
>The documents starting WGLC are:
>
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-v6v4-framework-04
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-v6v4-xlate-05
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-v6v4-xlate-stateful-07
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-dns64-05
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-address-format-03
>http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-behave-ftp64-00
>
>This is a two week WGLC finishing on December 31.  Please send substantive
>review comments to behave@ietf.org and (if possible) send editorial comments
>only to the authors at DRAFTNAME@tools.ietf.org.
>
>Thanks,
>-Dan and Dave



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Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 18:49:08 +0000
From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] making one zone/domain act like another
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To: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
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Florian Weimer wrote:
> * Niall O'Reilly:
>> 	Besides, with only one zone to maintain, the (operational) rules
>> 	for what is allowed on the RHS of any RR are easy to write.
> 
> What would that rule look like?
> 
> Those I can think of don't work if there are Punycode labels in the
> zone.  Saying that all servers must have ASCII-only names probably dos
> not meet the requirements.

	I may be overlooking something, but I meant that whatever rules
	apply today would still be appropriate.

	Without variants, Punycode labels can occur already in a zone,
	even at the apex.  This doesn't involve any special problems
	for RRtypes whose RDATA (RHS) is constrained.

	Adding variants in parallel by some yet-to-be-defined "full"
	aliasing method (for example, CLONE or CNAME+DNAME) doesn't
	introduce a need for new rules for RDATA-constrained RRtypes.
	The constraint is unchanged: reference to a redirected node is
	not allowed.

	If I'm lost in the land of wishful thinking, I'll be happy if
	someone will bring me back to reality.


	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly


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Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 19:01:15 +0000
From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
In-reply-to: <4B2B7956.5060005@ucd.ie>
To: Doug Barton <dougb@dougbarton.us>
Cc: Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, 'Andrew Sullivan' <ajs@shinkuro.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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Niall O'Reilly wrote:
>     Apart from that, it seems to me that the maintenance problem for
>     parallel delegation grows with tree depth as n**2, where n is
>     the typical (or locally effective) bundle size.

	I made a mistake; this was the wrong analysis.

	The maintenance problem for multiple parallel delegation must
	grow with the product over all the labels of the
	"variant-fanout" at each label.

	For uniform fanout (n) at each of (m) labels, the scaling
	factor for the most subordinate child zone is n**m.


	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly


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Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 11:23:11 -0800
Message-ID: <d791b8790912181123y7646b796te35dc04d88520fb6@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
From: Matthew Dempsky <matthew@dempsky.org>
To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
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On Fri, Dec 18, 2009 at 6:33 AM, Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz> wrote:
> A much more complex key management policy. =A0For one, the private signin=
g
> keys have to be sent to all servers (and securely, encrypted in transit).
> =A0For another, now a compromise at any server will release the private k=
ey
> into the wild.

How do people handle SSL key management?  DNSSEC doesn't obviate the
need for security at the HTTP layer (or others).  Unless you propose
HTTP switches to an offline signature model too, sites are going to
need key management policies that can handle this anyway.

> A whole lot more cost. =A0If you say "let's rely on an HSM to protect the=
 key"
> then imagine buying a device in the $25K (US) range for each and every
> server you have. =A0What about anycast - that really bumps up the count.
> =A0Imagine the headache of getting through customs in addition to the num=
ber
> of units needed and the specialized installation required.

It doesn't have to be that expensive.  A reasonable server can handle
upwards of 40,000 Diffie-Hellman computations per second (an AMD
Phenom II X4 955 at 3200 MHz has 4 cores and can compute a Curve25519
shared secret in under 300,000 cycles), and the results can be easily
cached to significantly increase capacity in the common case.  The
extra cost of encrypting and authenticating a ~512 byte packet is then
negligible.

> A loss of independence. =A0Finally, many registries make use of name serv=
ers
> they don't operate. =A0If you switch to on-line in-time generation of
> signatures then you will be placing your private key into somebody else's
> machine and network. =A0With such a set up, it would be impossible for a
> registry to claim any sort of service level guarantees.

A lot of sites use third party hosting services for running their web
servers, and don't seem to have issues with uploading their SSL
private keys for HTTPS.

Do you run all your own fiber when offering service level guarantees
to customers too?

> All of this was anticipated in the early days of the protocol design.
> Off-line signing has been an albatross [0], especially when considered in
> the extreme, but operationally it is better than the alternative.

I'll believe this once Google and Akamai start using DNSSEC.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 18 12:10:07 2009
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Date: Fri, 18 Dec 2009 14:50:32 -0500
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From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
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At 11:23 -0800 12/18/09, Matthew Dempsky wrote:

>It doesn't have to be that expensive.  ...  The extra cost of encrypting
>and authenticating a ~512 byte packet is then negligible.

The issue isn't performance of the crypto.  If I need to generate 1 
signature an hour and I am implementing FIPS 140-2 level 4, I still 
need a (1) box.

>A lot of sites use third party hosting services for running their web
>servers, and don't seem to have issues with uploading their SSL
>private keys for HTTPS.

The market for third party hosting services for HTTP and DNS are 
rather different.

>Do you run all your own fiber when offering service level guarantees
>to customers too?

No.

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
In-reply-to: <4B2BB8A1.9050105@mail-abuse.org>
To: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
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Douglas Otis wrote:
> On 12/18/09 3:38 AM, Andrew Draper wrote:
>> I thought I understood the clone idea but now I'm confused.
>>
>> How does it differ from eNAME, which as I understand it is pretty much
>> equivalent to CNAME+DNAME?
> 
> CNAME+DNAME does not exist!

	I'm pretty sure no-one believes otherwise.

> CNAME per RFC1134 section 3.6.2 (name alias)
> ,---
> If a CNAME RR is present at a node, no other data should be
> present; this ensures that the data for a canonical name and its aliases
> cannot be different.  This rule also insures that a cached CNAME can be
> used without checking with an authoritative server for other RR types.
> '---

	All well and good, but that doesn't actually preclude DNAME,
	which carries data not for the node itself, but only for the
	descendants of that node.

> DNAME per RFC2672  Section 3 (subdomain redirection)
> ,---
> If a DNAME RR is present at a node N, there may be other data at N
> (except a CNAME or another DNAME), but there MUST be no data at
> any descendant of N.

	I believe that this specification (which I admit is the only
	one we have at present) is excessively conservative.  Exclusion
	of another DNAME is, of course, necessary in order to
	accommodate the intrinsic semantics of DNAME. Exclusion of CNAME
	appears to stem from overlooking the absence of any semantic
	conflict between CNAME and DNAME at the same node.

	My reading of sections 4.1 and 4.2 of RFC2672 leads me to
	believe that an authoritative or resolving server whose
	algorithm matches these sections will give the same results even
	if the prohibition of CNAME and DNAME at the same node is
	removed.

	It seems to me that only two things are needed to make
	CNAME+DNAME not only possible, but allowed.  These are:
	appropriate text in the forthcoming successor to RFC2672, and
	adjustment of the zone-integrity checking performed by
	authoritative server codes.

	As ever, I may have missed something.


	Best regards,
	Niall O'Reilly


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On Dec 18, 2009, at 12:59 PM, Niall O'Reilly wrote:

> Douglas Otis wrote:
>=20
>> CNAME per RFC1134 section 3.6.2 (name alias)
>> ,---
>> If a CNAME RR is present at a node, no other data should be
>> present; this ensures that the data for a canonical name and its =
aliases
>> cannot be different.  This rule also insures that a cached CNAME can =
be
>> used without checking with an authoritative server for other RR =
types.
>> '---
> 	All well and good, but that doesn't actually preclude DNAME,
> 	which carries data not for the node itself, but only for the
> 	descendants of that node.

DNAME was defined after CNAME.  DNAME precludes concurrence with CNAME.=20=


>> DNAME per RFC2672  Section 3 (subdomain redirection)
>> ,---
>> If a DNAME RR is present at a node N, there may be other data at N
>> (except a CNAME or another DNAME), but there MUST be no data at
>> any descendant of N.
>=20
> 	I believe that this specification (which I admit is the only
> 	one we have at present) is excessively conservative.  Exclusion
> 	of another DNAME is, of course, necessary in order to
> 	accommodate the intrinsic semantics of DNAME. Exclusion of CNAME
> 	appears to stem from overlooking the absence of any semantic
> 	conflict between CNAME and DNAME at the same node.

Currently, no record unrelated to checking validity appears at a node =
publishing a CNAME alias.  Changing this will impact caching operations, =
and muddle record sources.  When the DNAME is at the top of the zone, =
the zone will only contain one node, which could be handled by using the =
same NS and A records for both zones.  Even if a resolver overlooks a =
non-compliant CNAME containing other resource records, CNAME semantics =
indicate resources at this node are obtained from the alias target, =
which is pointing to the wrong place when attempting to discover the =
DNAME. So there are semantic conflicts, where depending upon how caching =
is handled, a good chance things will get muddled even when by some off =
chance things appear to be working.

> 	My reading of sections 4.1 and 4.2 of RFC2672 leads me to
> 	believe that an authoritative or resolving server whose
> 	algorithm matches these sections will give the same results even
> 	if the prohibition of CNAME and DNAME at the same node is
> 	removed.

You have failed to describe a method for transitioning to this new =
paradigm.  Changing text within an RFC will not cause all names servers =
to be instantly upgraded, nor should it be assumed both caching and =
authoritative servers will be upgraded simultaneously.

> 	It seems to me that only two things are needed to make
> 	CNAME+DNAME not only possible, but allowed.  These are:
> 	appropriate text in the forthcoming successor to RFC2672, and
> 	adjustment of the zone-integrity checking performed by
> 	authoritative server codes.

Adding redirection semantics to routines translating A-labels would =
allow DNAME and an _alias label within the alias zone to support full =
zone redirection.  Access to this label could be optimized by defining =
the equivalent of _alias IN CNAME target as a new PNAME target (P for =
preferred name).  The authoritative server could be tweaked to generate =
the _alias label target response without following the DNAME path using =
the PNAME information as a method to improve performance when both zones =
are signed by the same entity.  By moving redirection semantics to the =
client, redirection can start occurring at any time, letting people type =
what they want.  Waiting for all DNS servers to be upgraded will take =
decades.  The _alias & PNAME technique could be ready in months. :^)

This might mean more work for those maintaining A-label translation =
routines, so be nice to Paul Hoffman.   :^)

-Doug=


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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 04:06:21 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 05:30:07 2009
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Date: Sat, 19 Dec 2009 13:16:32 +0000
From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
In-reply-to: <0078AD40-90E2-47D6-BE54-9356709C3B34@mail-abuse.org>
To: Douglas Otis <dotis@mail-abuse.org>
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References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us> <B2D54B8F108FF0418AE15027748D3699029D6558@uk-itmsg01.altera.priv.altera.com> <4B2BB8A1.9050105@mail-abuse.org> <4B2BED4E.8060800@ucd.ie> <0078AD40-90E2-47D6-BE54-9356709C3B34@mail-abuse.org>
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Douglas Otis wrote:
> On Dec 18, 2009, at 12:59 PM, Niall O'Reilly wrote:
> DNAME was defined after CNAME.  DNAME precludes concurrence with CNAME. 

	We seem to agree on this.
	It follows that RFC1134 is not pertinent to a discussion of
	concurrent CNAME and DNAME.

> Currently, no record unrelated to checking validity appears at a node publishing 
> a CNAME alias.  Changing this will impact caching operations, and muddle record
> sources.  When the DNAME is at the top of the zone, the zone will only contain
> one node, which could be handled by using the same NS and A records for both
> zones.  Even if a resolver overlooks a non-compliant CNAME containing other
> resource records, CNAME semantics indicate resources at this node are obtained
> from the alias target, which is pointing to the wrong place when attempting to
> discover the DNAME.

	I believe that this interpretation conflicts with how the
	algorithm is specified in RFC2672.

> So there are semantic conflicts, where depending upon how
> caching is handled, a good chance things will get muddled even when by some off
> chance things appear to be working.
> 
>> 	My reading of sections 4.1 and 4.2 of RFC2672 leads me to
>> 	believe that an authoritative or resolving server whose
>> 	algorithm matches these sections will give the same results even
>> 	if the prohibition of CNAME and DNAME at the same node is
>> 	removed.
> 
> You have failed to describe a method for transitioning to this new paradigm. 

	I don't see a "new paradigm" here.

	As I see it, if existing codes implement the algorithm specified
	in RFC2672 _as it stands_, CNAME+DNAME is not only
	"wire-impact-free" (as Paul Vixie pointed out) but also
	"algorithm-impact-free".  What is new is not the paradigm, but
	our understanding thereof.  This would hardly be the first
	occasion of such a shift in collective understanding in
	regard to some aspect of the DNS.

	Otherwise (specifically, if there is divergence between what
	is actually implemented in code and _my reading_ of how the
	algorithm is specified in RFC2672), we face an operational
	question rather than one of protocol or of algorithm.  If so,
	the material discussion regarding transition belongs on another
	list.

	The questions for this list are whether such a development in
	our collective understanding of RFC2672 is actually reasonable
	and useful, and (if so) how best this development should be
	documented. The 2672bis draft comes to mind.

> Changing text within an RFC will not cause all names servers to be instantly
> upgraded, nor should it be assumed both caching and authoritative servers
> will be upgraded simultaneously.

	I believe that this is covered by my last few paragraphs.
	In summary: either this is not an issue, or else there is a
	latent fault in how existing codes implement RFC2672.


	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 09:30:02 2009
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Date: Sat, 19 Dec 2009 12:23:25 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: [dnsext] draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes and draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation WGLC announcement
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Dear colleagues,

This email begins a three week Working Group Last Call for the two
documents draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation-00.txt and
draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01.txt.  We are calling these
documents together because in our view they naturally complement one
another.

Please note that draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation-00.txt alters
the way algorithm identifiers are assigned, and has a fail-safe
provision in it to protect the number space as it starts to be
depleted.  It is particularly important that the WG decide whether
that provision is a good one and, if so, if it is set at the right
level.

This WGLC will end at 17:00 EST on 2010-01-09.  Participants are
reminded that the WG's process rules require at least five people to
say that they have read the document, and that they support it, before
it can be forwarded to the IESG for publication.  We have the list of
volunteers who previously agreed to read this document, and if you
don't perform the review as expected, we'll approach you directly.

Participants are reminded that _ad hominem_ attacks are not permitted,
and that they should confine themsleves to the technical merits of the
drafts.

I will be the document shepherd for these drafts.

Best regards,

Andrew

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 09:32:11 2009
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Date: Sat, 19 Dec 2009 12:22:15 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: [dnsext] Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify WGLC announcement
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Dear colleagues,

This mail initiates a three week Working Group Last Call for the WG
work item, draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt.  The last call will
close at 17:00 EST on 2010-01-09.

Please read the document and send your comments to the mailing list.
This document has been through many revisions and has received quite a
lot of attention, but it has lived a long time and really needs
complete review.  This is especially true because it discusses a very
old part of the DNS specifications.  Because this is a clarification
document that purports to specify more completely the behaviour of
existing functionality, it is particularly important that its
correctness and completeness be evaluated by protocol experts and,
especially, implementers.

Please remember that DNSEXT has a policy that a document that has not
received supportive review by at least five DNSEXT participants will
not be sent to the IESG.  The document has been around for a long
time, and it would be a shame to let that work go to waste due to
inadequate review.  Especially in this case, I would very much like to
see more than five supportive reviews.

I will be the document shepherd for this draft.

Participants are reminded that _ad hominem_ arguments are not
permitted in DNSEXT, and are further reminded to confine themselves to
the technical merits of the draft.

Best regards,

Andrew

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 09:33:35 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 12:30:19 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us> <B2D54B8F108FF0418AE15027748D3699029D6558@uk-itmsg01.altera.priv.altera.com> <4B2BB8A1.9050105@mail-abuse.org> <4B2BED4E.8060800@ucd.ie> <0078AD40-90E2-47D6-BE54-9356709C3B34@mail-abuse.org>
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Douglas Otis wrote:
> Adding redirection semantics to routines translating A-labels would
> allow DNAME and an _alias label within the alias zone to support
> full zone redirection. 

Perhaps I was in error in proposing the CLONE idea before there was
any kind of consensus on the problem statement, and thereby driving
the desire to reach a solution before understanding the problem. If
so, I apologize.

Meanwhile, my reading of the problem is that any solutions that make
use of CNAMEs or DNAMEs are totally out of scope because they do not
meet the desired goal of making the zones "the same." I'm pretty sure
I understood Vaggelis well enough to believe that he at least is in
agreement, it would be nice if we could hear from others who are
knowledgeable about the problems as well.

I would add that there seems to be a very deep-seated feeling among
protocol people that CNAMEs are the answer to a lot of problems. The
fact that more than one person has inserted their own idea of using
CNAMEs into the CLONE description (which purposefully leaves them out)
I think is evidence of this. Please try hard to get past the CNAME
stuff. :)  There are things you can do with a "real" zone that you
cannot do with a DNAME'ed one today because of the CNAME synthesis. By
definition this prevents the two zones from being considered "the same."


Doug

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 12:44:16 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] cloning zones
References: <p0624082dc74c68c3d953@10.20.30.158> <200912142233.nBEMXfuw022129@bartok.nlnetlabs.nl> <202705b0912141630p675234b1p6c324d2cef1ceeac@mail.gmail.com> <4B26E1E3.2030108@gmail.com> <p0624083ec74ca3deb3c9@[10.20.30.158]> <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4B27F58D.1020902@dougbarton.us> <a06240800c75040f2fb2d@[0.0.0.0]>
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Edward Lewis wrote:
> At 12:46 -0800 12/15/09, Doug Barton wrote:
> 
>> Furthermore, I am saying that there is no way to truly make what you
>> and Ed seem to be describing (treat every variant as an exact,
>> functional duplicate of the "front end" domain in every way, for every
>> purpose, including DNSSEC) without changes to the resolvers, which is
>> problematic politically as well.
> 
> To put the cart and the horse in the right order, I am not stating how
> this should work, I am repeating what I am hear from others in the
> effort to understand the problem to solve.

Ok, I'll take this at face value. However if you have ideas of your
own it would be nice if you stated them explicitly. :)

> First - I have been asking "what does it mean to make two DOMAINS act
> the SAME."  Not "why" and I really don't care about the motivation.

In some cases (and I think that the IDN-related aspects of this
problem are one) understanding the "why" helps to inform the technical
solutions, even if all it does is help to bound the problem.

For instance, I believe that you cannot really understand the "what"
here without understanding the "why" because a significant number of
the people involved in driving the _concept_ of IDNs forward (whether
that is at the TLD level or lower) are not technical people (which is
fine, don't get me wrong) and are not able to articulate "how" they
want things to work in a way that DNS protocol nerds can grok.

> Let's say we have X DNAME Y in the attempt to make all queries in the X
> domain be the same as asking the Y domain.  The query "X/IN/DNAME" will
> of course not be the same as "Y/IN/DNAME" - and if you define
> equivalence to exclude that difference you have succeeded (or are one
> step closer).

In concept, I agree with you, and if you s/DNAME/CLONE/ then I think
you and I are basically in agreement on what the solution looks like.

>> Enjoy kicking this one around,
> 
> Maybe the problem is different.  Maybe it's not a matter of copying data
> space into another.  Maybe what we need to define is some sort of query
> redirection mechanism.  CNAME and DNAME are the first two steps there. 
> The problem with anything in the data space is that old servers don't
> know them.  If the new types have no special processing, then it's okay,
> we have that RFC on handling unknown types.
> 
> The problem is the special processing.  Maybe we should recognize that
> and keep the data space only as dirty as it already is.

There are way too many "maybe's" in those two paragraphs for me to do
anything useful with. :)

I have proposed a definition of the problem space (which all modesty
aside I think I actually understand pretty well) and a solution that I
think fits it. I'm happy to discuss either of those proposals further,
or to work with you on a better definition of the problem. What I
don't want to do is travel down a primrose path.


Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 14:42:43 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec 19 20:19:10 2009
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Andrew Draper wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I'm sending this off list but please feel free to post your response to
> the list if you think that's useful.
> 
> I'm not against your proposal, but I think you've done a poor job in
> describing it and so it may not get the reception it deserves.
> 
> I read your previous posts, I've also read this response several times
> and think I understand the proposal a bit better.  Let me try and
> rephrase it to see whether I'm right...

Thank you for taking the time to do this. I am choosing to reply to
the list, so I've left the vast majority of your message intact.

> Lets say the zones are set up as you suggest, and that the resolver is
> asking for www.variant1.tld
> 
> - The CLONE RR must not occur at the same location as any other RR

At the same location, for the same label. Full stop.

> - For new resolvers the authoritative server which holds the CLONE RR
> (in the parent if the zone being cloned is at a zone cut) will send a
> response which contains the CLONE RR itself and will then follow the
> CLONE RR in a similar way to following DNAME.  It can provide all the
> DNSSEC information needed to validate the response.  The difference
> between this and following DNAME is that CLONE also redirects the name
> being cloned.

That's not exactly what I had in mind.

First, I'm assuming some sort of signaling mechanism (TBD) for the
resolver to indicate that it understands CLONE if it receives one. I
am _guessing_ (and here I freely confess that my protocol fu is weak)
that we can use the same mechanism as is used for "recursion desired."

But assuming that the authoritative server knows that the resolver can
understand CLONE, an example:

The resolver queries for the A record for www.variant1.tld. In the
authoritative server "variant1.tld" is set up as a CLONE of
"domain.tld." The relevant output of a dig command would look like this:

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.variant1.tld.		IN	A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
variant1.tld.		1800	IN	CLONE	domain.tld.

;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
www.domain.tld.		1800	IN	A	1.2.3.4

Now I'm not overly concerned about which stuff goes in which sections,
and DNSSEC complicates this of course, but hopefully you get the idea.

The resolver can then return the answer "1.2.3.4" to the end user just
as if the "real" domain was variant1.tld.

What the resolver should do for subsequent queries in variant1.tld is
open to discussion. I would argue that for the TTL of the CLONE record
it should simply query for ${label}.domain.tld and handle the
conversion internally, but I would not object to someone proposing a
good reason that all queries should go out from the resolver as they
came in.

> [I think you may have described using rewriting in this case, but that
> seems more complex than just sending the raw data to the resolver. 

The rewriting I am proposing in the authoritative server is only for
resolvers that are not CLONE-aware.

> - For old resolvers the parent authoritative server will rewrite the
> query using the CLONE RR, answer it (returning a delegation to ns1.label
> etc) and then rewrite the response back using the reverse of the CLONE
> RR so that the response looks as if the zone file held the records:
>     variant1 NS ns1.label
>              NS ns2.label

I'm sorry, I didn't quite follow that. What I'm suggesting for queries
from non-CLONE resolvers is that the authoritative server return the
answers AS IF the question had actually been for a label in
domain.tld. I think there should also be some sort of "signal" (I'm
purposely not using the term "flag" here, although that would work if
it's protocol'ifically appropriate) that the response is actually
CLONE'ed, but to the resolver (and thus to the end user) everything
will look like variant1.tld is the real domain.

So in the case of the parent authoritative server as you described
above, the answer is yes, it would return a referral for variant1.tld
that contained the answer as if the query had been for a label in
domain.tld.

> - The old resolver will next ask the child authoritative server for
> www.variant.tld.  If the child has been set up with variant.tld as a
> different view onto label.tld then this works fine.  If the child has a
> zone file for variant.tld containing the same CLONE RR as was in the
> parent then the clone rewriting happens here too, giving the same
> behaviour.

Yes! Two small adjustments, I think that there probably should be a
definition of how the CLONE RR should work at the child but I'm not
suggesting that we mandate the mechanism of how the child
authoritative name server should accomplish the configuration part of
it. The other thing that you mentioned here that I forgot to mention
is that in the event that the child authoritative server is not
CLONE-irific (but the parent is) they can still use the "point
different zones at the same zone file trick."

> - For resolvers that understand DNSSEC but not CLONE the response will
> not validate.  As you say, there is no hope for such resolvers if we add
> new redirection types.

Right again!

> Have I got this right?

You got almost all of it right, and your response helped me think
through how to better explain the areas that did not match what I had
in mind, so thank you again.

Of course I'm not ruling out the possibility that what I have in mind
is not actually a good idea. :)

> If so then the cleverness is in reducing the amount of synthesis needed
> in the authoritative server for old clients - it only needs to
> synthesise one record which could be precomputed if necessary. 

I think that's right. I think that "the cleverness" would also be in
the fact that 95% of the solution is in the hands of the parent
authoritative servers, and (modulo DNSSEC) is fully compatible with
older resolvers.

> It could
> be precomputed and signed if the tools supported it, which would make
> the DNSSEC && !CLONE clients work too.

This part I'm not sure matches what I have in mind. The CLONE record
would be signed of course, but that's not going to help non-CLONE
resolvers. CLONE resolvers would use the DNSSEC information in
domain.tld to validate the answers.

> The cost is that the child zone needs to publish multiple copies of the
> same zone so it can support old clients, but that is partially
> automated.

Well, if the configuration happens in the config file only, you're not
even dealing with multiple copies of the zone, just an internal
"sleight of hand." If the software implementation requires a zone file
my idea is that the zone file have just one record, although
implementors would probably prefer that it have at least an SOA in
addition to the CLONE RR.


Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us> <4B2B7956.5060005@ucd.ie>
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Niall O'Reilly wrote:
> Doug Barton wrote:
>> The benefit of the CLONE idea is that it can be implemented fairly
>> easily in the authoritative name servers of the parent and child zone
>> operators and this will give you "the same for every purpose except
>> DNSSEC" without depending on the resolvers being updated.
> 
>     I'm missing the motivation here.
>     Surely CNAME+DNAME is simpler and less disruptive
>     than introducing a new RRtype? 

I've made the assertion, which I am pretty confident is backed up by
facts, that any solution for the problem of making two zones "the
same" that involves [CD]NAMEs is a non-starter because it does not
actually make them "the same," it makes them "ultimately give the same
final answer most of the time if you follow the chain all the way to
the end."

Let me further demonstrate my claim by using an example that is not
intended in any way to cast aspersions on anyone. I have hesitated to
use this example previously because I don't want my incompetence in
Chinese to detract from the argument, but here goes.

Let's say that ICANN completes the IDN ccTLD process and now every
user who registers domain.cn is also given "the same name" (whatever
that means per registry policy) in <chinese character that represents
"China">. We'll call that .<CN> for short. Now let's add some more fun
to the mix, and assume that in addition to the .<CN> variants the user
is also "given" (or chooses to register, whatever) IDN versions of a
name. So now we have the following:

name.cn
name.<CN>
<chinese character that means "name">.cn
<chinese character that means "name">.<CN>
<chinese character variant for "name">.cn
<chinese character variant for "name">.<CN>

and all of those things should be "the same" from the standpoint of
the sysadmin that just wants to set up an MX record. In other words,

label MX 10 <character for mail>.<variant for "name">.<CN>

MUST work, and unless I'm missing something that will not work with a
CNAME/DNAME solution.

In my mind THAT is the motivation for a solution other than CNAME/DNAME.


hth,

Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



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From: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
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To: Doug Barton <dougb@dougbarton.us>, Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
cc: Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>, 'Andrew Sullivan' <ajs@shinkuro.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
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--On 19 December 2009 20:38:16 -0800 Doug Barton <dougb@dougbarton.us> 
wrote:

> label MX 10 <character for mail>.<variant for "name">.<CN>
>
> MUST work, and unless I'm missing something that will not work with a
> CNAME/DNAME solution.

a) why won't it work for DNAME? Or more accurately, why isn't it
   compliant? I am assuming
	<CN>.				DNAME	CN.
	<variant for "name">.CN.	DNAME	name.CN.
   and there are 2 'A' records for mail, <variant of mail> because
   it's the MX specification that prevents you from pointing at
   something else, not the CNAME/DNAME spec, so inventing a 'CLONE'
   isn't going to help you there.

b) actually, in 99.99% of cases, label MX 10 [cname] does work, even though
   it is not technically compliant. Far easier, I think, to remove an
   very ancient restriction which is derived from the days when some
   resolvers could not follow CNAME chains, than introduce another
   aliasing technique. I would bet none of said resolvers run on systems
   which support IDN at anyway.

-- 
Alex Bligh


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From: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
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On Sun, 20 Dec 2009, Alex Bligh wrote:
>
> b) actually, in 99.99% of cases, label MX 10 [cname] does work, even though
>   it is not technically compliant. Far easier, I think, to remove an
>   very ancient restriction which is derived from the days when some
>   resolvers could not follow CNAME chains, than introduce another
>   aliasing technique. I would bet none of said resolvers run on systems
>   which support IDN at anyway.

What about label NS cname?

Tony.
-- 
f.anthony.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
GERMAN BIGHT HUMBER: SOUTHWEST 5 TO 7. MODERATE OR ROUGH. SQUALLY SHOWERS.
MODERATE OR GOOD.


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From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us> <4B2B7956.5060005@ucd.ie> <4B2DAA38.5090504@dougbarton.us> <071F0EC27FE7562C28621D19@nimrod.local> <alpine.LSU.2.00.0912201540190.27002@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sun, 20 Dec 2009 15:40:47 -0000." <alpine.LSU.2.00.0912201540190.27002@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk> 
Date: Mon, 21 Dec 2009 10:25:06 +1100
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In message <alpine.LSU.2.00.0912201540190.27002@hermes-1.csi.cam.ac.uk>, Tony F
inch writes:
> On Sun, 20 Dec 2009, Alex Bligh wrote:
> >
> > b) actually, in 99.99% of cases, label MX 10 [cname] does work, even though
> >   it is not technically compliant. Far easier, I think, to remove an
> >   very ancient restriction which is derived from the days when some
> >   resolvers could not follow CNAME chains, than introduce another
> >   aliasing technique. I would bet none of said resolvers run on systems
> >   which support IDN at anyway.
> 
> What about label NS cname?

It doesn't work.  Think about glue and additional section processing
rules.  You don't follow CNAMEs when looking up records to put in
the additional section.  For CNAME to work one would have support
returning CNAME's for glue *and* the addresses they ultimately refer
to.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


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"missed to support this functionality" below doesn't read right.

Possible replacements.
"missed supporting this functionality"
"failed to support this functionality"

   transfer to complete before the next could begin.  RFC 1035 did not
   exclude this possibility, but legacy implementations missed to
   support this functionality.  The remaining presence of such legacy
   implementations makes it necessary that new general purpose server
   implementation still provide options for gracefull fallback to the
   old behavior in their support of concurrent DNS transactions and AXFR
   sessions on a single TCP connection.

Other than that I don't see any issues with the draft.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE:	+61 2 9871 4742		         INTERNET: mark@isc.org


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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
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Doug Barton wrote:
> I've made the assertion, which I am pretty confident is backed up by
> facts, that any solution for the problem of making two zones "the
> same" that involves [CD]NAMEs is a non-starter because it does not
> actually make them "the same," it makes them "ultimately give the same
> final answer most of the time if you follow the chain all the way to
> the end."

	I appreciate the trouble you're taking to make the distinction
	clear.  I'm not convinced that "sameness" (rather than the
	weaker level of equivalence achievable with redirection) is the
	right target to be aiming for.  This is really a question to be
	answered by for Vaggelis and those in other registries with
	similar requirements.

	I can see that a new RRtype which would cover node and
	descendants alike has the advantage of avoiding collisions with
	both documented and received semantics of existing RRtypes.
	The corresponding disadvantages are the need for new special
	processing and DNSSEC handling.


> In my mind THAT is the motivation for a solution other than CNAME/DNAME.
> 
> hth,

	It does.  Thanks.


	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 03:33:01 2009
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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: [dnsext] zone clones
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if the problem statement was "how can i make these clone names work as
e-mail and web addresses" then something involving CNAME could work,
even something like CNAME+DNAME, or ENAME which would mean CNAME+DNAME.
however, if these clone names would only work as application layer
QNAMEs and not as intermediate QNAMEs (like MX targets and NS targets)
then the clone names would always be second class.

since my working problem statement is "how can i make these clone names
work everywhere a normal first class name would work" then nothing
involving CNAME will work and it's going to take some kind of delegation
and some kind of zone service.  i view the added DNSSEC load of signing
the clone names as an economics problem, solveable in silicon, and not
a concern.  however, to be truly first class names, all updates to any
clone must be reflected in the other clones.  so, some kind of on-wire
support will be needed at the zone apex, in the zone's authority servers.

i take it as a given that any cloned zone will be able to upgrade all
of its authority servers on a flag day, and that a mix of upgraded and
nonupgraded servers at a zone apex is an explicit nongoal.  i also take
it as a given that any solution requiring that all applications and/or
stub resolvers have to be upgraded before the first zone can be cloned
is off the table.  so, no CNAMEs (synthetic or otherwise), no mix of old
and new authority servers, and no changes to stubs, apps, or forwarders.

the (new, upgraded once we figure out what they're supposed to do) apex
authority servers will have to be able to look at the zone content, not
just out-of-band configuration, to learn that a zone is part of a group
of clones, and to learn the identities of the other clones.  on the 
primary master, an update to one has to be treated as an update to all.
while it would be nice if it was possible to hold the content of the
zone only once and to serve it under multiple apexes, this would require
late binding for relative names (and thus a new AXFR specification) and
would require some very careful programming if DNSSEC was in use.  so,
each clone's content will be transferred and stored independently, and
the primary master will be responsible for reflecting updates and/or
"zone reloads" at all clone apexes.

i'm contemplating something like a "clone group" or "zone clone group"
where the apex would have, in addition to the normal SOA and NS RRsets,
a new CLONE RRset (not the same as what doug barton's been proposing but
using the same RR name he's been talking about).  the authority server
would see the CLONE RRset at the zone apex and know to populate its zone
table with all clone names not just the original zone's name.  changes
to the CLONE RRset would result in changes to every authority's zone 
table.  every CLONE would have its own IXFR/AXFR.  the one primary master
would serve all clones of the zone.

so, the current state of my thinking about this would look like multiple
delegation NS RRsets, not all of which need be in the same parent zone,
and then a corresponding CLONE RRset at the zone apex, telling the primary
master to reflect all updates and reloads across not just the zone's apex
but the clone-set's apexes as well, and telling both the primary master
and all secondary servers to populate their zone tables with not just the
zone apex but all clones as well, and telling the secondary servers to do
separate IXFR/AXFR separately for the zone apex and for each clone.

atomicity of clone content would not be guaranteed.  it would be possible
for the "base zone" serial number to increment, and for the primary server
to take some period of time reflecting this change across the "clone group",
and for some secondary servers to have pulled the "base zone" deltas over
and to have pulled some of the "clone group" deltas over but not all of
them yet, and for some "clone zones" to have lower serial numbers for some
period.

there would be no new support for clone groups in the delegating zones,
since not all clones would be delegated from the same parent.  these would
look like parallel NS RRsets.  the only way to know whether a zone is a
clone would be to query for the CLONE RRset at that zone's apex and to
see whether the zone's apex is listed as a target of a CLONE RR.

i'm still clarifying my thinking, which is why i'm brain dumping here 
rather than writing an I-D (yet).


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 04:43:09 2009
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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] zone clones
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Paul Vixie wrote:
> i'm still clarifying my thinking, which is why i'm brain dumping here 
> rather than writing an I-D (yet).

> my working problem statement is "how can i make these clone names
> work everywhere a normal first class name would work"

	That reads as if non-apex nodes should be amenable
	to cloning, but the rest of your message seems to
	consider only entire zones.  Was that your intention?


	Best regards,

	Niall O'Reilly

	



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Catching up on the various proposals, it seems that we are thinking 
in terms of making X.tld. and Y.tld. equivalent but not thinking of 
X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tld. as needing to be equivalent.

DNAME and CNAME rewrites won't handle this, nor CLONE.  Multiple 
delegations could but that would result in an explosion of zones.

Is there an approach which involved the stubs learning to 
"normalize?" the query before sending it on - or building this into 
the first name server to see the query?  (Even if equivalence is 
restricted to names, not types.)

-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
References: <a06240800c75531374766@[0.0.0.0]>
From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Mon, 21 Dec 2009 15:27:53 +0000
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* Edward Lewis:

> Catching up on the various proposals, it seems that we are thinking in
> terms of making X.tld. and Y.tld. equivalent but not thinking of
> X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tld. as needing to be equivalent.

Do you mean differently-encoded labels in the same name?

I was under the impression that the variant duplication within a
single zone was acceptable.  With any sort of redirection, the effort
is not n*m, but n + m.

> Is there an approach which involved the stubs learning to "normalize?"

This does not work for email submission, which is a disconnected
operation in general, and has to use a Punycode name.  If we ignore
email submission, some sort of signalling/application logic clearly is
the way to go.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 08:12:32 2009
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Date: Mon, 21 Dec 2009 10:53:10 -0500
To: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
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At 15:27 +0000 12/21/09, Florian Weimer wrote:
>* Edward Lewis:
>
>>  Catching up on the various proposals, it seems that we are thinking in
>>  terms of making X.tld. and Y.tld. equivalent but not thinking of
>>  X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tld. as needing to be equivalent.
>
>Do you mean differently-encoded labels in the same name?

Not just that.  Even the same encoding.

E.g., WwW.MyDoMain.SLD.tld. and wWw.Mydomain.SlD.TLD. need to be the 
same.  Imagine the upper case is traditional Han, lower case is 
simplified Han.  As a short example.  (And what if I mix upper case 
and lower case Greek labels - realize I am not likely to give a good 
description of the Greek case.)

>I was under the impression that the variant duplication within a
>single zone was acceptable.  With any sort of redirection, the effort
>is not n*m, but n + m.

This is, once again, not just a problem for zones, it's a problem for domains.

(Is there general confusion between what a zone is and a domain is?)

>>  Is there an approach which involved the stubs learning to "normalize?"
>
>This does not work for email submission, which is a disconnected
>operation in general, and has to use a Punycode name.  If we ignore
>email submission, some sort of signalling/application logic clearly is
>the way to go.

Email can deal with upper/lower case presentation, can we extend this 
to other issues.

What I am positing is that this may be a Prensentation Layer issue 
and not a Data Space issue.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 08:23:36 2009
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To: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
References: <a06240800c75531374766@[0.0.0.0]> <82pr68ny86.fsf@mid.bfk.de> <a06240802c75548e0d302@[0.0.0.0]>
From: Florian Weimer <fweimer@bfk.de>
Date: Mon, 21 Dec 2009 16:14:02 +0000
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* Edward Lewis:

> E.g., WwW.MyDoMain.SLD.tld. and wWw.Mydomain.SlD.TLD. need to be the
> same.  Imagine the upper case is traditional Han, lower case is
> simplified Han.  As a short example.  (And what if I mix upper case
> and lower case Greek labels - realize I am not likely to give a good
> description of the Greek case.)
>
>>I was under the impression that the variant duplication within a
>>single zone was acceptable.  With any sort of redirection, the effort
>>is not n*m, but n + m.
>
> This is, once again, not just a problem for zones, it's a problem
> for domains.

Yes, but it seems possible to address this just with redirection
alone, with a moderate amount of bloat at the zone level.

> What I am positing is that this may be a Prensentation Layer issue and
> not a Data Space issue.

I'm not sure if those ISO terms are useful here.

Clearly, email needs to submit raw data (which means UTF-8 or an
injective encoding of that), or the client needs to access to the
applicable mapping table.  Otherwise, you end up with problems at the
MTA because when the user agent has submitted a name which has been
over-normalized (according to the prefered encoding format for the
name).

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 09:08:14 2009
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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] zone clones 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 21 Dec 2009 12:33:21 GMT." <4B2F6B11.1020604@ucd.ie> 
References: <22224.1261394655@nsa.vix.com>  <4B2F6B11.1020604@ucd.ie> 
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> Date: Mon, 21 Dec 2009 12:33:21 +0000
> From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
> 
> Paul Vixie wrote:
> > i'm still clarifying my thinking, which is why i'm brain dumping here
> > rather than writing an I-D (yet).
> 
> > my working problem statement is "how can i make these clone names
> > work everywhere a normal first class name would work"
> 
> 	That reads as if non-apex nodes should be amenable
> 	to cloning, but the rest of your message seems to
> 	consider only entire zones.  Was that your intention?

since i am not considering any CNAME-based solutions, then apex-vs-wholezone
has been overtaken by events.  i'm looking at this as first class names and
rrsets for the entire zone, no exceptions.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 09:19:38 2009
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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 21 Dec 2009 09:11:11 EST." <a06240800c75531374766@[0.0.0.0]> 
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> Date: Mon, 21 Dec 2009 09:11:11 -0500
> From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
> 
> Catching up on the various proposals, it seems that we are thinking in
> terms of making X.tld. and Y.tld. equivalent but not thinking of
> X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tld. as needing to be equivalent.
> 
> DNAME and CNAME rewrites won't handle this, nor CLONE.  Multiple
> delegations could but that would result in an explosion of zones.
> 
> Is there an approach which involved the stubs learning to "normalize?"
> the query before sending it on - or building this into the first name
> server to see the query?  (Even if equivalence is restricted to names,
> not types.)

i think we've ruled out any approach that requires the stubs to be
upgraded before the clones are visible.  at least, i am constraining
my own work along those lines.

an "explosion of zones" may be the cost of adding this functionality,
but as long as the explosion is only felt by silicon and not by human
operators, i consider the cost reasonable.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 11:03:31 2009
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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] zone clones
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To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
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Paul Vixie wrote:
> since i am not considering any CNAME-based solutions, then apex-vs-wholezone
> has been overtaken by events.  i'm looking at this as first class names and
> rrsets for the entire zone, no exceptions.

	I think this means exactly what I was hoping for, but I'm not
	sure.

	You clearly "have the bit between your teeth", so it's probably
	best I leave you in peace and look forward to your next
	brain-dump (or initial draft!).

	Best regards,
	Niall O'Reilly



From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 11:06:50 2009
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From: John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
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>i think we've ruled out any approach that requires the stubs to be
>upgraded before the clones are visible.  at least, i am constraining
>my own work along those lines.

That seems reasonable.  On the other hand, mail and web servers are
going to need to be upgraded or at least reconfigured to know what
variant domains they're supposed to handle, so perhaps it's not a
big leap to expect at least the server side DNS to be upgraded
to know how to respond.

R's,
John


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 11:17:43 2009
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At 17:09 +0000 12/21/09, Paul Vixie wrote:

>i think we've ruled out any approach that requires the stubs to be
>upgraded before the clones are visible.  at least, i am constraining
>my own work along those lines.

(Who is "we"?  And why have "we" ruled out approaches before having a 
agreed upon problem statement?)

Why rule out upgrading stubs?  Wouldn't it make sense that stubs 
would be upgraded as the ends want support for newer domain names? 
Time was, we would upgrade BIND because we wanted the latest types, 
dynamic update, DNSSEC, etc. - the latest features.  Things that have 
relied upon central system upgrades (DNSSEC) take the longest.

>an "explosion of zones" may be the cost of adding this functionality,
>but as long as the explosion is only felt by silicon and not by human
>operators, i consider the cost reasonable.

"Felt only by silicon" forgets that currency pays for silicon 
(capital expense and operational expense) and that currency comes 
from humans.
-- 
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Edward Lewis
NeuStar                    You can leave a voice message at +1-571-434-5468

As with IPv6, the problem with the deployment of frictionless surfaces is
that they're not getting traction.


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 12:59:46 2009
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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: [dnsext] Re: zone clones
In-Reply-To: Your message of "21 Dec 2009 18:57:00 GMT." <20091221185700.26469.qmail@simone.iecc.com> 
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> Date: 21 Dec 2009 18:57:00 -0000
> From: John Levine <johnl@iecc.com>
> 
> >i think we've ruled out any approach that requires the stubs to be
> >upgraded before the clones are visible.  at least, i am constraining
> >my own work along those lines.
> 
> That seems reasonable.  On the other hand, mail and web servers are going
> to need to be upgraded or at least reconfigured to know what variant
> domains they're supposed to handle, so perhaps it's not a big leap to
> expect at least the server side DNS to be upgraded to know how to
> respond.

something's got to be upgraded or there will be no change in behaviour.
simplistic classification of the things that could be upgraded are:

1. some delegating (parent) nameservers but maybe not all
2. all delegating (parent) nameservers
3. some authority (base + clone apex) nameservers but maybe not all
4. all authority (base + clone apex) nameservers
5. recursive servers all over the internet (inevitably never all of them)
6. recursive forwarders all over the internet (inevitably never all of them)
7. stubs all over the internet (inevitably never all of them)
8. client side applications (mail, web, etc) over the internet (inevitably
   never all of them)
9. server side applications (mail, web, etc) over the internet (inevitably
   never all of them)

of these, i am personally ruling out the ones that number in the millions,
hundreds of thousands, tens of thousands, and thousands.  if we have that
much work to do before these names are visible, then it'll be ten years or
longer before there's any economic incentive to deploy them server-side,
and the world will find some other way to meet their need for domain cloning.
for the moment, i'm concentrating on a solution that uses only #4 above,
because it puts the workload (upgrading name servers) where the incentive
will be (wanting the clone names to work.)  (that's "engineering economics".)

of course, if a mail or web server is currently known by a single name and
is about to receive connections from clients who know it by another name,
then it will have to be upgraded or reconfigured.  reconfiguration is the
most likely, since these servers universally understand "aliasing" today
and so there are configuration hooks available for that.  upgrading, though,
is an attractive option since it would allow a server to gather a list of
clone names it's also known by, via RRTYPE=CLONE queries, and to thereafter
treat all of those names as real, none as aliases.  this would affect server
generated messages and transactions which usually come from a server's "real
name".  however, upgrading of server side applications should not be required
and simple configuration aliasing using existing software should just work.

---

> Date: Mon, 21 Dec 2009 14:05:58 -0500
> From: Edward Lewis <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>
> 
> >i think we've ruled out any approach that requires the stubs to be
> >upgraded before the clones are visible.  at least, i am constraining
> >my own work along those lines.
> 
> (Who is "we"?  And why have "we" ruled out approaches before having a
> agreed upon problem statement?)

i'm working from the problem statement andrew sullivan sent out originally,
which asks us for names which are "the same as" other names.  "we" is maybe
the wrong word-- some people may still be hunting down a problem statement
or may still be considering names which are "almost but not quite the same
as", along the lines of CNAME+DNAME, or ENAME.  (don't let me stop you.)

> Why rule out upgrading stubs?  Wouldn't it make sense that stubs would be
> upgraded as the ends want support for newer domain names? Time was, we
> would upgrade BIND because we wanted the latest types, dynamic update,
> DNSSEC, etc. - the latest features.  Things that have relied upon central
> system upgrades (DNSSEC) take the longest.

stubs number in the hundreds of millions and most of those are in ROM.  a
gethostbyname() library function in an embedded system is part of what i
mean by "stub".  see above in my reply to john levine -- if we come up with
names which are "the same as" other names only to stubs who are upgraded,
then the world will move on without us and find some other way to clone
their names, because the world will recognize the ten year 50% point.

> >an "explosion of zones" may be the cost of adding this functionality,
> >but as long as the explosion is only felt by silicon and not by human
> >operators, i consider the cost reasonable.
> 
> "Felt only by silicon" forgets that currency pays for silicon (capital
> expense and operational expense) and that currency comes from humans.

obviously if we can find a solution that has even less cost then we should
prefer it.  but silicon has gotten cheaper and more powerful every year of
my life, and i'm not willing to adopt the pessimistic view that that will
or could ever stop happening.  humans on the other hand have gotten slower
and more expensive every year of my life, and i'm not willing to adopt the
optimistic view that that will ever stop happening.  so, looking at this
from engineering economics, a cost borne only in silicon is preferrable in
the design of a global and permanent system, than a cost also borne by
humans.


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 14:48:39 2009
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From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <22224.1261394655@nsa.vix.com> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] zone clones 
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In message <22224.1261394655@nsa.vix.com>, Paul Vixie writes:
> if the problem statement was "how can i make these clone names work as
> e-mail and web addresses" then something involving CNAME could work,
> even something like CNAME+DNAME, or ENAME which would mean CNAME+DNAME.
> however, if these clone names would only work as application layer
> QNAMEs and not as intermediate QNAMEs (like MX targets and NS targets)
> then the clone names would always be second class.
> 
> since my working problem statement is "how can i make these clone names
> work everywhere a normal first class name would work" then nothing
> involving CNAME will work and it's going to take some kind of delegation
> and some kind of zone service.  i view the added DNSSEC load of signing
> the clone names as an economics problem, solveable in silicon, and not
> a concern.  however, to be truly first class names, all updates to any
> clone must be reflected in the other clones.  so, some kind of on-wire
> support will be needed at the zone apex, in the zone's authority servers.
> 
> i take it as a given that any cloned zone will be able to upgrade all
> of its authority servers on a flag day, and that a mix of upgraded and
> nonupgraded servers at a zone apex is an explicit nongoal.  i also take
> it as a given that any solution requiring that all applications and/or
> stub resolvers have to be upgraded before the first zone can be cloned
> is off the table.  so, no CNAMEs (synthetic or otherwise), no mix of old
> and new authority servers, and no changes to stubs, apps, or forwarders.
> 
> the (new, upgraded once we figure out what they're supposed to do) apex
> authority servers will have to be able to look at the zone content, not
> just out-of-band configuration, to learn that a zone is part of a group
> of clones, and to learn the identities of the other clones.  on the 
> primary master, an update to one has to be treated as an update to all.
> while it would be nice if it was possible to hold the content of the
> zone only once and to serve it under multiple apexes, this would require
> late binding for relative names (and thus a new AXFR specification) and
> would require some very careful programming if DNSSEC was in use.  so,
> each clone's content will be transferred and stored independently, and
> the primary master will be responsible for reflecting updates and/or
> "zone reloads" at all clone apexes.
> 
> i'm contemplating something like a "clone group" or "zone clone group"
> where the apex would have, in addition to the normal SOA and NS RRsets,
> a new CLONE RRset (not the same as what doug barton's been proposing but
> using the same RR name he's been talking about).  the authority server
> would see the CLONE RRset at the zone apex and know to populate its zone
> table with all clone names not just the original zone's name.  changes
> to the CLONE RRset would result in changes to every authority's zone 
> table.  every CLONE would have its own IXFR/AXFR.  the one primary master
> would serve all clones of the zone.
> 
> so, the current state of my thinking about this would look like multiple
> delegation NS RRsets, not all of which need be in the same parent zone,
> and then a corresponding CLONE RRset at the zone apex, telling the primary
> master to reflect all updates and reloads across not just the zone's apex
> but the clone-set's apexes as well, and telling both the primary master
> and all secondary servers to populate their zone tables with not just the
> zone apex but all clones as well, and telling the secondary servers to do
> separate IXFR/AXFR separately for the zone apex and for each clone.
> 
> atomicity of clone content would not be guaranteed.  it would be possible
> for the "base zone" serial number to increment, and for the primary server
> to take some period of time reflecting this change across the "clone group",
> and for some secondary servers to have pulled the "base zone" deltas over
> and to have pulled some of the "clone group" deltas over but not all of
> them yet, and for some "clone zones" to have lower serial numbers for some
> period.
> 
> there would be no new support for clone groups in the delegating zones,
> since not all clones would be delegated from the same parent.  these would
> look like parallel NS RRsets.  the only way to know whether a zone is a
> clone would be to query for the CLONE RRset at that zone's apex and to
> see whether the zone's apex is listed as a target of a CLONE RR.
> 
> i'm still clarifying my thinking, which is why i'm brain dumping here 
> rather than writing an I-D (yet).
> 

This is a impossibility except for leaf zones.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 15:17:45 2009
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To: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
CC: Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>,  'Andrew Sullivan' <ajs@shinkuro.com>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: We need a better problem statement
References: <20091215032103.GA27116@shinkuro.com> <96306.1260854329@nsa.vix.com> <200912150634.nBF6YFvb038441@drugs.dv.isc.org> <19137.1260889165@nsa.vix.com> <C5445757-E0E7-4479-8954-466F040F5C9F@rfc1035.com> <20091215160634.GF30255@shinkuro.com> <4BAAB7D2-2084-4E76-8F96-1E8027F755E1@hopcount.ca> <20091216122135.GA14923@vacation.karoshi.com> <a06240800c74ea3d35f63@[10.31.200.227]> <18821656DEAD41D88B07153DB6DAF657@ics.forth.gr> <20091217170037.GK43572@shinkuro.com> <C12E7DCF41D545DF889056A125744BC7@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B51C3.7030601@dougbarton.us> <3F824140CABE44CC96F3EB7A6A7FC1CE@ics.forth.gr> <4B2B6475.8000202@dougbarton.us> <4B2B7956.5060005@ucd.ie> <4B2DAA38.5090504@dougbarton.us> <4B2F419A.2030906@ucd.ie>
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Niall O'Reilly wrote:
>     I appreciate the trouble you're taking to make the distinction
>     clear. 

I am pleased that my efforts have been successful. :)

>     I'm not convinced that "sameness" (rather than the
>     weaker level of equivalence achievable with redirection) is the
>     right target to be aiming for.  This is really a question to be
>     answered by for Vaggelis and those in other registries with
>     similar requirements.

I agree that more feedback from the people who would be directly
affected by this issue is needed, and valuable.


Doug

-- 

	Improve the effectiveness of your Internet presence with
	a domain name makeover!    http://SupersetSolutions.com/



From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Mon Dec 21 22:05:07 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 22 03:30:07 2009
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From: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>
To: "'Florian Weimer'" <fweimer@bfk.de>, "'Edward Lewis'" <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
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References: <a06240800c75531374766@[0.0.0.0]> <82pr68ny86.fsf@mid.bfk.de>
Subject: RE: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
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Dear Florian,

Our request is to make

Name1.gr
Name2.gr
Name3.gr
Name4.gr=20

working one like the other, using name1.gr as master name.

So

Name1.gr IN NS ns1.name1.gr

Name2 xNAME Name1
Name3 xNAME Name1
Name4 xNAME Name1

This way, with a little tweaking

user@name2.gr|
user@name3.gr|-> user@name1.gr
user@name4.gr|

http://name2.gr=3Dhttp://name3.gr=3Dhttp://name4.gr =3D http://name1.gr

The same goes for ftp etc.

However, since we will all pretty soon have the opportunity to register =
.GreekIDN, this service will have to extend to the level

[Name1.gr. xNAME Name2.GreekIDN.] or even [gr. xNAME GreekIDN.]

Best Regards,

Vaggelis Segredakis

-----Original Message-----
From: owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org =
[mailto:owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Florian Weimer
Sent: Monday, December 21, 2009 5:28 PM
To: Edward Lewis
Cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters

* Edward Lewis:

> Catching up on the various proposals, it seems that we are thinking in
> terms of making X.tld. and Y.tld. equivalent but not thinking of
> X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tld. as needing to be equivalent.

Do you mean differently-encoded labels in the same name?

I was under the impression that the variant duplication within a
single zone was acceptable.  With any sort of redirection, the effort
is not n*m, but n + m.

> Is there an approach which involved the stubs learning to "normalize?"

This does not work for email submission, which is a disconnected
operation in general, and has to use a Punycode name.  If we ignore
email submission, some sort of signalling/application logic clearly is
the way to go.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=C3=9Fe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99






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From: Online Dating Service <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
To: dnsext-archive@ietf.org
Subject: Julia sent new message for you
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Dear member of our Dating site!<br>
You have 9 unread messages from ladies.<br>
Please, check them here:<br>
<br>
<a href="http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/Q6BBAA54PULP3DZIW4AI42RDFQ" target="_blank">[ Read Message(-s) ]</a>
<br><br>
Best wishes to you,<br>
administrator<br>
Olga
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Tue Dec 22 10:40:27 2009
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From: Online Dating Service <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
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Subject: You have new mail from Olga 25 y.o. Russia, dating
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Dear member of our Dating site!<br>
You have 12 unread messages from ladies.<br>
Please, check them here:<br>
<br>
<a href="http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/TZSGX2P7MUA2E3VJJJE75B56KI" target="_blank">[ Read Message(-s) ]</a>
<br><br>
Best wishes to you,<br>
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Olga
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From dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org  Tue Dec 22 10:41:36 2009
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Subject: You have new mail from Olga 25 y.o. Russia, dating
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Dear member of our Dating site!<br>
You have 10 unread messages from ladies.<br>
Please, check them here:<br>
<br>
<a href="http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/TZSGX2P7MUA2E3VJJJE75B56KI" target="_blank">[ Read Message(-s) ]</a>
<br><br>
Best wishes to you,<br>
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Olga
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Tue Dec 22 11:25:05 2009
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From: Date-online Service <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
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Subject: 11 ladies are online now (Russia, dating)
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Dear member dnsext-archive of our Dating site!<br>
You have 6 unread messages from ladies.<br>
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<br>
<a href="http://cid-b2a3a7583a9f9285.spaces.live.com" target="_blank">[ Read Message(-s) ]</a>
<br><br>
Best wishes to you,<br>
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Olga
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 22 18:02:58 2009
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To: "Vaggelis Segredakis" <segred@ics.forth.gr>, "'Florian Weimer'" <fweimer@bfk.de>, "'Edward Lewis'" <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
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From: "Health" <healthyao@gmail.com>
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Subject: [dnsext] Fw: I-D Action:draft-yao-dnsext-bname-00.txt 
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 22 21:14:10 2009
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From: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Fw: I-D Action:draft-yao-dnsext-bname-00.txt 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Wed, 23 Dec 2009 09:53:20 +0800." <461533190.08485@cnnic.cn> <A47B47A4A49D4D9AABC40592BDB866CF@LENOVO47E041CF> 
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> From: "YAO Jiankang" <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
> Date: Wed, 23 Dec 2009 09:53:20 +0800
> 
>    This draft may help to solve the problem of bundle names or equivalent
>    names which require the DNS to have an identical resolution.  any
>    comments are welcome.  Thanks a lot.
> 
> Yao Jiankang
> CNNIC     
> 
> > Title           : Bundle DNS Name Redirection
> > Author(s)       : J. Yao, et al.
> > Filename        : draft-yao-dnsext-bname-00.txt
> > Pages           : 12
> > Date            : 2009-12-22
> > ...
> > A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-yao-dnsext-bname-00.txt

in case anyone is curious about my previous comments dismissing CNAME based
approaches, i spoke with yao and lee about it and we all agreed that both
approaches (BNAME and zone clones) should be pursued to completion, and
that each community who needed equivilence names should select their own
approach.

BNAME is more or less what i was calling ENAME here a few days ago.

i am still preparing a first draft of zone clones.


From wretchederpb596@dahbour.com  Tue Dec 22 22:09:20 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 23 16:26:11 2009
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From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Fw: I-D Action:draft-yao-dnsext-bname-00.txt
In-reply-to: <461533190.08485@cnnic.cn>
To: YAO Jiankang <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
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YAO Jiankang wrote:
> Dear all,
> 
>    This draft may help to solve the problem of bundle names or equivalent names
>    which require the DNS to have an identical resolution.
>    any comments are welcome.

Specification of how to check for, and to deal with, BNAME at the node
itself seems to be missing at step 3, case 'a', without which BNAME will
simply be equivalent to DNAME.

< -- snip -- >

    3. Start matching down, label by label, in the zone.  The matching
       process can terminate several ways:

      a. If the whole of QNAME is matched, we have found the node.

          If the data at the node is a CNAME, and QTYPE doesn't match
          CNAME, copy the CNAME RR into the answer section of the
          response, change QNAME to the canonical name in the CNAME RR,
          and go back to step 1.

< -- add text to specify handling of BNAME at target node itself -- >

          If the data at the node is a BNAME, and QTYPE doesn't match
          BNAME, copy the BNAME RR and also a corresponding, synthesized
          CNAME RR into the answer section of the response, change QNAME
          to the name carried as RDATA in the BNAME RR, and go back to
          step 1.

< -- end added text -- >

          Otherwise, copy all RRs which match QTYPE into the answer
          section and go to step 6.

< -- snip -- >


	IHTH

	Niall O'Reilly


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 25 11:28:18 2009
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Edward Lewis wrote:
> Catching up on the various proposals, it seems that we are thinking in
> terms of making X.tld. and Y.tld. equivalent but not thinking of
> X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tld. as needing to be equivalent.
> 

Actuslly you really mean X.tld. and Y.tle. since these are likely to be
cross-TLD issues. Then you would have X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tle. I
suspect that the latter is really just another case of the former.

> DNAME and CNAME rewrites won't handle this, nor CLONE.  Multiple
> delegations could but that would result in an explosion of zones.
> 
> Is there an approach which involved the stubs learning to "normalize?"
> the query before sending it on - or building this into the first name
> server to see the query?  (Even if equivalence is restricted to names,
> not types.)
> 

Danny


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 25 12:00:55 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters 
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> Edward Lewis wrote:
> > Catching up on the various proposals, it seems that we are thinking in
> > terms of making X.tld. and Y.tld. equivalent but not thinking of
> > X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tld. as needing to be equivalent.

i'm thinking of both cases.

> Actuslly you really mean X.tld. and Y.tle. since these are likely to be
> cross-TLD issues. Then you would have X1.X0.tld. and Y1.Y0.tle. I
> suspect that the latter is really just another case of the former.

agreed, they are equivilent.

> > DNAME and CNAME rewrites won't handle this, nor CLONE.  Multiple
> > delegations could but that would result in an explosion of zones.

in my thinking about zone clones, there is such an explosion, but it's only
felt by electrons and photons, not by humans.  and it does handle the cases
of (X1.X0.tld = Y1.Y0.tle) and (X1.X0.tld = Y1.Y0.tld).

> > Is there an approach which involved the stubs learning to "normalize?"
> > the query before sending it on - or building this into the first name
> > server to see the query?  (Even if equivalence is restricted to names,
> > not types.)

if someone proposes such a mechanism i predict that it would succeed in the
sense that IETF would agree to standardize it, but when we get to the point
where we "let the market decide" between BNAME, zone clones, and stub-aware,
the market will not choose stub-aware for at least the first decade or so.


From amerindds2@rotationpower.com  Fri Dec 25 13:17:16 2009
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<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.2869" name=3DGENERATOR>
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------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0--


From dnsop-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Dec 25 13:17:19 2009
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Subject: The results of your email commands
From: dnsop-bounces@ietf.org
To: dnsext-archive@ietf.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="===============1071442955=="
Message-ID: <mailman.32220.1261775837.32728.dnsop@ietf.org>
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--===============1071442955==
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

The results of your email command are provided below. Attached is your
original message.

- Results:
    Ignoring non-text/plain MIME parts

- Done.


--===============1071442955==
Content-Type: message/rfc822
MIME-Version: 1.0

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Message-ID: <000d01ca85a7$6afdc8d0$6400a8c0@amerindds2>
From: <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
To: <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
Subject: I am Julia, 27 y.o. Russia (dating)
Date: Fri, 25 Dec 2009 19:15:43 -0300
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2900.2869
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.2869

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

The most beautiful Russian women are available here.  Visit this minute
------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.2869" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DCalibri>The most beautiful Russian women are available he=
re.  <A=20
href=3D"http://cid-560ca89c0a666780.spaces.live.com">Visit this minute</A><=
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------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0--


--===============1071442955==--

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From:<dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
To: <dnsext-archive@ietf.org>
Subject: I am Julia, 27 y.o. Russia (dating)
Date: Fri, 25 Dec 2009 19:15:43 -0300
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2900.2869
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.2869

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

The most beautiful Russian women are available here.  Visit this minute
------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.2869" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DCalibri>The most beautiful Russian women are available he=
re.  <A=20
href=3D"http://cid-560ca89c0a666780.spaces.live.com">Visit this minute</A><=
/FONT></DIV>
</BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85A7.6AFDC8D0--


From dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org  Fri Dec 25 15:51:00 2009
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From evergladectp@omegacoord.com  Fri Dec 25 16:56:40 2009
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From:<dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org>
To: <dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org>
Subject: Natali Russia, updated her profile
Date: Sat, 26 Dec 2009 01:56:17 +0100
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85C6.3B43FA50"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2800.1106
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2800.1106

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85C6.3B43FA50
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

you have 6 unread messages from ladies Just a quick click
------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85C6.3B43FA50
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1106" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DCalibri>you have 6 unread messages from ladies <A=20
href=3D"http://cid-90d3e7636b97700a.spaces.live.com">Just a quick click</A>=
</FONT></DIV>
</BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85C6.3B43FA50--


From dnsop-bounces@ietf.org  Fri Dec 25 16:56:42 2009
Return-Path: <dnsop-bounces@ietf.org>
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Subject: The results of your email commands
From: dnsop-bounces@ietf.org
To: dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="===============0922683884=="
Message-ID: <mailman.32322.1261789000.32728.dnsop@ietf.org>
Date: Fri, 25 Dec 2009 16:56:40 -0800
Precedence: bulk
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--===============0922683884==
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

The results of your email command are provided below. Attached is your
original message.

- Results:
    Ignoring non-text/plain MIME parts

- Done.


--===============0922683884==
Content-Type: message/rfc822
MIME-Version: 1.0

Return-Path: <evergladectp@omegacoord.com>
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	FH_FAKE_RCVD_LINE_B=5.777, FH_HOST_EQ_D_D_D_D=0.765,
	FH_HOST_EQ_D_D_D_DB=0.888, HELO_DYNAMIC_IPADDR2=4.395,
	HELO_DYNAMIC_SPLIT_IP=3.493, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_PBL=0.905,
	RCVD_IN_SORBS_DUL=0.877, RDNS_DYNAMIC=0.1, TVD_RCVD_IP=1.931,
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Message-ID: <000d01ca85c6$3b43fa50$6400a8c0@evergladectp>
From: <dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org>
To: <dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org>
Subject: Natali Russia, updated her profile
Date: Sat, 26 Dec 2009 01:56:17 +0100
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85C6.3B43FA50"
X-Priority: 3
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 6.00.2800.1106
X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2800.1106

This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85C6.3B43FA50
Content-Type: text/plain;
	charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

you have 6 unread messages from ladies Just a quick click
------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85C6.3B43FA50
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="utf-8"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dutf-8">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2800.1106" name=3DGENERATOR>
<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT face=3DCalibri>you have 6 unread messages from ladies <A=20
href=3D"http://cid-90d3e7636b97700a.spaces.live.com">Just a quick click</A>=
</FONT></DIV>
</BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0007_01CA85C6.3B43FA50--


--===============0922683884==--

From evergladectp@omegacoord.com  Fri Dec 25 16:56:40 2009
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X-Spam-Flag: NO
X-Spam-Score: -77
X-Spam-Level: 
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Fri Dec 25 19:49:20 2009
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Date: Fri, 25 Dec 2009 22:35:38 -0500
From: Danny Mayer <mayer@gis.net>
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To: Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>
Cc: 'Florian Weimer' <fweimer@bfk.de>, 'Edward Lewis' <Ed.Lewis@neustar.biz>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, 'Sotiris Panaretou' <panaretou.s@ucy.ac.cy>, =?ISO-8859-1?Q?=27=3F=3F=3F=3F=3F=3F=3F_=3F=3F=3F=3F=3F=3F=3F=27?= <G.Kolyvas@EETT.GR>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
References: <a06240800c75531374766@[0.0.0.0]> <82pr68ny86.fsf@mid.bfk.de> <7726422CDE7A4E6A8A1470B57D87835B@ics.forth.gr>
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Vaggelis Segredakis wrote:
> Dear Florian,
> 
> Our request is to make
> 
> Name1.gr
> Name2.gr
> Name3.gr
> Name4.gr 
> 
> working one like the other, using name1.gr as master name.
> 

On a non-DNSSEC BIND9 server the master can be defined very simply with
relative names in the zone for all labels (including the SOA). Slaves
still need separate zone files. I am sure that other implementations can
do similar things. This all changes of course when you add DNSSEC
records to the mix.

> So
> 
> Name1.gr IN NS ns1.name1.gr
> 
> Name2 xNAME Name1
> Name3 xNAME Name1
> Name4 xNAME Name1
> 

See above. Without DNSSEC this can easily done today.

> This way, with a little tweaking
> 
> user@name2.gr|
> user@name3.gr|-> user@name1.gr
> user@name4.gr|
> 

That's a matter for the mail server. We don't need to deal with that here.

> http://name2.gr=http://name3.gr=http://name4.gr = http://name1.gr
> 

This is a matter for the HTTP server. We don't need to deal with that here.

> The same goes for ftp etc.
> 

Ditto.

> However, since we will all pretty soon have the opportunity to register .GreekIDN, this service will have to extend to the level
> 
> [Name1.gr. xNAME Name2.GreekIDN.] or even [gr. xNAME GreekIDN.]
> 

This does not change what I said above.

So far everything I've read indicates that this is a DNS management
problem rather than a protocol problem. The only servers that need to
know anything about the fact they they are really the "same" zone is the
master and the slaves, ie the authorative servers. Nothing else needs to
worry about it. So the problem comes down to managing this. The main
part of the zone, ie all of the A, AAAA, NS, MX, etc. records are the
same and can be include either by a file or a database configuration of
some kind. The main issue then is managing the DNSSEC specific records
for each domain since that's specific to the name of the domain.

So what we seem to need here are better management tools.

I've never operated a major domain so I don't know if I have
misunderstood the problem or do not see the major headaches that such an
operator or registrar needs to deal with.

Danny

> Best Regards,
> 
> Vaggelis Segredakis

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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec 26 01:44:05 2009
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Date: Sat, 26 Dec 2009 09:32:55 +0000
From: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
Reply-To: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
To: Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
cc: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters 
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--On 25 December 2009 19:55:00 +0000 Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:

>> > DNAME and CNAME rewrites won't handle this, nor CLONE.  Multiple
>> > delegations could but that would result in an explosion of zones.
>
> in my thinking about zone clones, there is such an explosion, but it's
> only felt by electrons and photons, not by humans.  and it does handle
> the cases of (X1.X0.tld = Y1.Y0.tle) and (X1.X0.tld = Y1.Y0.tld).

+/- effects on caching.

-- 
Alex Bligh


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sat Dec 26 09:40:12 2009
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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters 
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Sat, 26 Dec 2009 09:32:55 GMT." <F0BD7ADF4F8585837DF1AF48@nimrod.local> 
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> Date: Sat, 26 Dec 2009 09:32:55 +0000
> From: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
> 
> >> > DNAME and CNAME rewrites won't handle this, nor CLONE.  Multiple
> >> > delegations could but that would result in an explosion of zones.
> >
> > in my thinking about zone clones, there is such an explosion, but it's
> > only felt by electrons and photons, not by humans.  and it does handle
> > the cases of (X1.X0.tld = Y1.Y0.tle) and (X1.X0.tld = Y1.Y0.tld).
> 
> +/- effects on caching.

yes.  only a wire change involving stub awareness could avoid effects on
caching.  and as i've said, if someone proposes such a wire change, i
predict that it would be accepted as a WG item and eventually standardized.
however, because of the long tail on DNS systemwide upgrades, if
alternatives such as BNAME and/or "clone zones" are also standardized, i
also predict that the market would choose among those alternatives, caching
be damned, it's instant functionality.

there are some value judgements to be made if the WG decides it wants a
better problem statement before deciding whether to accept proposals.  for
example perhaps we don't want to standardize more than one approach to this,
or perhaps we don't want to standardize an approach which is expensive in
terms of cache, or which is explosive in the number of (virtual) zones.  in
those cases we might not be able to answer the original problem statement
("names which are the same as other names") and we would go back to the rest
of the internet and say "because of DNS limitations we can only offer you
names which are almost the same as other names").


From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Sat Dec 26 14:57:05 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Dec 27 00:40:40 2009
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From: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters 
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--On 26 December 2009 17:26:35 +0000 Paul Vixie <vixie@isc.org> wrote:

>> > in my thinking about zone clones, there is such an explosion, but it's
>> > only felt by electrons and photons, not by humans.  and it does handle
>> > the cases of (X1.X0.tld = Y1.Y0.tle) and (X1.X0.tld = Y1.Y0.tld).
>>
>> +/- effects on caching.
>
> yes.  only a wire change involving stub awareness could avoid effects on
> caching.

What I was thinking was that an approach where any equivalent label
is equal to any other has a possible O(a^n) effect on cache, whereas
an approach where at each level there is a given label (which might
be chosen by the operator, or chosen arbitrarily, such as 'alphabetically
first') which is the canonical one has an O(n) effect on cache. It
might be possible to push this information on the wire to the resolver
in addition to coping with non-compliant resolvers.

So, in the above example (using an alphabetic rule, or assuming
the operator chose labels x1, x0, tld in preference to the alternatives)
when looking up tle would get cached by a compliant as a ?NAME for tld,
y0 as a ?NAME for x0 and y1 as a ?NAME for x1. There would never be
any need to store the 8 combinations.

A bit like DNAME synthesis.

-- 
Alex Bligh


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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Sun Dec 27 03:52:23 2009
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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

I've been sitting out of this discussion so far, but can't help but
chime in just before driving for a day.  Give people plenty of time to
flame me. :)

If what is wanted is a way to logically clone a zone, and there is a
need for it today, people will use whatever tricks available to them
today.  This will include not using DNSSEC.

Topics like caching are to me a side discussion.  Caching is important,
but not strictly required for a client to work properly.  Big ISPs will
want to use big caches, but those big caches can cope with additional
data.  Perhaps they'll throw out some little-used data as a side effect
and keep some other little-used data in its place.  In a very large
cache, I suspect the histogram of times used drops off fairly quickly.

I therefore think any concern about how method A affects the cache, if
all it does it cause more data to go into it, is not important.  If it
causes data to not be cachable at all, well, that's another issue, but
no one has proposed that.

I personally think it's a tool issue, and no protocol changes need to
happen.  I don't see why the IETF needs to solve a problem using
protocol when it's fairly clear to me that any real solution involving
protocol changes is more or less a non-starter.

The purpose of publishing zone data is that people will use it.  If no
one today can use this new proposed protocol, no publisher will use it
either.  Even when 80% of the clients out there support it, 20% don't,
so no one will risk their domain going dark.

What is needed here, if a protocol solution IS the answer, is a way to
do what people do today -- just sign the same data N times -- and a
protocol to make it more efficient for clients which support this new
protocol in the future.  This encourages the end-users to upgrade, and
the publishers to use this new protocol in addition to older methods.
However, since the risk of upgrading either end-point is very low, it
also encourages people to use it.

Good luck.  :)

- --Michael
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Still single?look at my profile, Olga from Russia Enter without knocking
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From dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org  Mon Dec 28 02:55:11 2009
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You have new mail from Olga<br>
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Mon Dec 28 02:55:25 2009
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Natali Russia, updated her profile<br>
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Mon Dec 28 04:00:47 2009
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I am Nina
I am 27 y.o
I am from Russia
Please look through my profile and let me know if you have interest.
I wish to have a strong family, and you?
waiting for your reply
http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/Q4BW56ACENIP74FQYHU6PISJMU

From dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org  Mon Dec 28 04:00:51 2009
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I am Nina
I am 27 y.o
I am from Russia
Please look through my profile and let me know if you have interest.
I wish to have a strong family, and you?
waiting for your reply
http://profiles.yahoo.com/blog/7I4S7KVUK75FDP4EMY2D3FV3KI

From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Mon Dec 28 09:45:14 2009
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From: Alfred =?hp-roman8?B?SM5uZXM=?= <ah@TR-Sys.de>
Message-Id: <200912281732.SAA12969@TR-Sys.de>
Subject: [dnsext] New Version Notification for          draft-gudmundsson-dnsext-srv-clarify-00 (fwd)
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, apps-discuss@ietf.org, tsvwg@ietf.org
Date: Mon, 28 Dec 2009 18:32:33 +0100 (MEZ)
Cc: draft-ietf-tsvwg-iana-ports@cabernet.tools.IETF.ORG, port-srv-reg@ietf.org
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Folks,
as a result of the discussions at IETF 76 in Hiroshima, we have
submitted the successor of draft-gudmundsson-dns-srv-iana-registry.
This draft aligns with draft-ietf-tsvwg-iana-ports, the revised
version of which is expected to be submitted soon, as well.

Basically, draft-gudmundsson-dnsext-srv-clarify now aims at
performing the normative updates and clarifications to RFC 2782
needed to get rid of the ambiguous/missing IANA considerations
therein.  It uses the revised and unified IANA registry for
"Service Names and Port Numbers" (as defined in the upcoming
version of draft-ietf-tsvwg-iana-ports): the IETF Transport
Protocol names supported by that registry and the Service Names
registered in it are the base elements to build the Service
Prefix ("_Service._Proto" in RFC 2782) for the owner names of
DNS SRV resource records.

Further, this draft gives guidelines for service/protocol
specification designers on how to make efficient, uniform use
of DNS SRV based service discovery and spells out the related
documentation requirements.

For exceptional cases that cannot contend with the standard
naming scheme for Service Labels due to specific requirements and
the restrictions imposed on Service Names, an upwards-compatible
extended naming scheme for Service Labels is proposed, as an aid
for service/protocol designers that would want to adopt this scheme
and will then have to precisely document its specific instantiation
on a per-service base.  The IANA-registered Service Name can still
be identified unambiguously on the left-hand side of such Extended
Service Labels.

This draft targets PS because of the normative updates to RFC 2782.

It will be accompanied by another draft (coming out soon)
aiming at BCP that will "get rid of the cruft" of the sometimes
confusing legacy of various 'service'-related IANA registries.
In particular, that draft will freeze and deprecate the WKS IANA
registry originally supplied for RFC 952 and give advice to the
owners of legacy specifications (inside and outside the IETF)
that have made use of SRV records in a "creative" manner that will
no more be conformant under draft-gudmundsson-dnsext-srv-clarify
and draft-ietf-tsvwg-iana-ports, on how to best migrate to
conformant SRV record owner naming and use.

Kind regards
  Alfred HÎnes.

-- 

+------------------------+--------------------------------------------+
| TR-Sys Alfred Hoenes   |  Alfred Hoenes   Dipl.-Math., Dipl.-Phys.  |
| Gerlinger Strasse 12   |  Phone: (+49)7156/9635-0, Fax: -18         |
| D-71254  Ditzingen     |  E-Mail:  ah@TR-Sys.de                     |
+------------------------+--------------------------------------------+


----- Forwarded message from IETF I-D Submission Tool -----

> From: IETF I-D Submission Tool <idsubmission@ietf.org>
> Message-Id: <20091228145348.6F20A3A6957@core3.amsl.com>
> Date: Mon, 28 Dec 2009 06:53:48 -0800 (PST)
> Subject: New Version Notification for 
>          draft-gudmundsson-dnsext-srv-clarify-00

>
> A new version of I-D, draft-gudmundsson-dnsext-srv-clarify-00.txt
> has been successfuly submitted by Olafur Gudmundsson and posted
> to the IETF repository.
>
> Filename:	   draft-gudmundsson-dnsext-srv-clarify
> Revision:	   00
> Title:	   Clarification of DNS SRV Owner Names
> Creation_date:   2009-12-28
> WG ID:	   Independent Submission
> Number_of_pages: 17
>
> Abstract:
> The DNS SRV record has been specified in RFC 2052 and RFC 2782 for
> use in dynamic service discovery for a domain.  These two RFCs did
> not clearly specify an IANA registry for the names of the services
> and their underlying protocols.  This document clarifies RFC 2782
> regarding the formation and use of the Service Prefix in the owner
> name of SRV records, based on the unified IANA registry for "Service
> Names and Port Numbers".
>
> Status of this Memo
>
> ...
>
> The IETF Secretariat.

----- End of forwarded message from IETF I-D Submission Tool -----



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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Tue Dec 29 09:22:26 2009
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Date: Tue, 29 Dec 2009 12:11:31 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: [dnsext] Reminder: two WGLCs in progress
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Dear colleagues,

Just a reminder that we have two WGLCs in progress.  There have been
very few reviews of any of the drafts posted.

The LCs close on 2010-01-09.  

For details, please see the announcements for one or both:

http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2009/msg03148.html
http://ops.ietf.org/lists/namedroppers/namedroppers.2009/msg03149.html

Thank you for your participation in DNSEXT.

Best regards,

Andrew

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


From dnsext-archive@lists.ietf.org  Tue Dec 29 11:31:04 2009
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Tue Dec 29 11:34:41 2009
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From dnsext-archive@ietf.org  Tue Dec 29 12:44:29 2009
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From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 30 00:03:01 2009
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* Andrew Sullivan:

> This email begins a three week Working Group Last Call for the two
> documents draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation-00.txt and
> draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01.txt.  We are calling these
> documents together because in our view they naturally complement one
> another.

draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01 undos the upcoming ID
assignment for the GOST algorithms.  Unless it is guaranteed that the
registry draft overtakes the GOST draft in the publishing pipeline,
the registry draft must be updated.  (I haven't checked if other
algorithms are missing from the table in section 2.2.)

Is a normative reference to an I-D in a standards-track RFC
acceptable?  The only reference to OBSOLETE could be replaced with
OPTIONAL and a footnote saying that RSAMD5 should be considered
broken.

draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation-00 looks fine and should go
forward.

--=20
Florian Weimer                <fweimer@bfk.de>
BFK edv-consulting GmbH       http://www.bfk.de/
Kriegsstra=DFe 100              tel: +49-721-96201-1
D-76133 Karlsruhe             fax: +49-721-96201-99


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 30 06:11:01 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
Date: Wed, 30 Dec 2009 14:00:12 +0000
References: <a06240800c75531374766@[0.0.0.0]> <4B350F07.5050705@gis.net> <31698.1261770900@nsa.vix.com>  <F0BD7ADF4F8585837DF1AF48@nimrod.local> <86075.1261848395@nsa.vix.com> <4B374878.7040002@isc.org>
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On 27 Dec 2009, at 11:43, Michael Graff wrote:

> I personally think it's a tool issue, and no protocol changes need to
> happen.  I don't see why the IETF needs to solve a problem using
> protocol when it's fairly clear to me that any real solution involving
> protocol changes is more or less a non-starter.

Well said!

Although the problem statement hasn't been written yet, it appears the  
underlying issue is one of provisioning and/or administrative  
convenience. If that's the case then it's not something that needs  
fixing in the DNS protocol. Or should be fixed there IMO. The  
complications of a protocol solution look very ugly: backwards  
compatibility with the installed base; impact on DNSSEC deployment;  
potentially icky corner cases like wildcards, zone cuts and Additional  
Section processing; impact on caches and resolvers; operational  
considerations when managing name servers or debugging/troubleshooting  
"live" problems; etc, etc.

More clarity about the nature of the actual problem is needed. Once  
that is forthcoming, I hope this WG can reach a consensus around an  
*engineering* decision on whether the cure is worse than the disease.

I think it would also be helpful if this problem statement could  
explain why DNAME'ing the cloned zones won't work. Or (in BIND terms)  
why multiple zone{} statements for the clones won't work either or are  
"too expensive". For some definition of expensive.

I also wonder if it's feasible to come up with a meaningful way of  
saying zoneA/labelA is the same as zoneB/labelB, particularly in the  
context of IDN. There are bound to be problems here where a label in  
one script or language cannot be mapped into another or would be  
meaningless/inappropriate if it was. These problems could be  
intractable because they intrude into issues that are out of scope for  
the IETF: questions of TLD registry policy or of cultural, social and  
political identity for example. As a for instance, I would be more  
than displeased at a DNS construct which said "Scottish zone/label A  
is the same as British zone/label B or (worse) English zone/label C".  
Another less hypothetical example is Katakana which is mostly used in  
Japan for transcribing words imported from other languages IIUC. So it  
may be unacceptable for an IDN label for Kanji or Hiragana string to  
have a Katakana clone and vice versa.

> What is needed here, if a protocol solution IS the answer, is a way to
> do what people do today -- just sign the same data N times -- and a
> protocol to make it more efficient for clients which support this new
> protocol in the future.

A protocol solution is likely to have a non-trivial impact on Secure  
DNS. Any takers for DNSSEC-quad? :-)



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To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: [dnsext] Comments on draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12
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Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> This mail initiates a three week Working Group Last Call for the WG
> work item, draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt.  The last call will
> close at 17:00 EST on 2010-01-09.
> 
> Please read the document and send your comments to the mailing list.

The draft still needs some work.  My comments follow, organized by
section.


Section 2.1.1, Header Values (regarding the ARCOUNT field in the
AXFR request message):

      The value MAY be 0, 1 or 2.  If it is 2, the Additional section
      MUST contain both an EDNS0 [RFC2671] OPT resource record and a
      record carrying transaction integrity and authentication data,
      currently a choice of TSIG [RFC2845] and SIG(0) [RFC2931].  If the
      value is 1, then the Additional section MUST contain either only
      an EDNS0 OPT resource record or a record carrying transaction
      integrity and authentication data.  If the value is 0, the
      Additional section MUST be empty.

This seems overly restrictive in that it would preclude future
backwards-compatible extensions where new records other than EDNS0 or
integrity/authentication records are added to the additional section,
especially given that such extensions are specifically anticipated in
the last paragraph of section 2.1.5.  

I suggest dropping the quoted text, leaving just the preceding text
"The client MUST set this field to the number of resource records
appearing in the Additional section".


Section 2.1.2, Question Section:

   The Query section of the AXFR query MUST conform to Section 4.1.2 of

The term "Query section" occurs in several places in the document;
they should all read "Question section" to be consistent with RFC1035
terminology.


Section 2.2, AXFR Response:

   An AXFR response indicates an error via a single DNS message with the
   return code set to the appropriate value for the condition

The term "return code" occurs in two places in the document; they
should both read "RCODE" or "response code" to be consistent with
RFC1035 terminology.


Section 2.2.1, "0 Message" Response:

   A legitimate "0 message" response, i.e., the client sees no response
   whatsoever, is very exceptional and controversial. Unquestionably it
   is unhealthy for there to be 0 responses in a protocol that is
   designed around a query - response paradigm over an unreliable
   transport.  The lack of a response could be a sign of underlying
   network problems and cause the protocol state machine to react
   accordingly.  However, AXFR uses TCP and not UDP, eliminating
   undetectable network errors.

   A "0 message response" is reserved for situations in which the server
   has a reason to suspect that the query is sent for the purpose of
   abuse.  Due to the use of this being so controversial, a "0 message
   response" is not being defined as a legitimate part of the protocol
   but the use of it is being acknowledged as a warning to AXFR client
   implementations.  Any earnest query has the expectation of some
   response but nevertheless may not get one.

I don't think it makes sense to talk about a "0 message response" as a
type of response distinct from that of immediately closing the TCP
connection (as discussed in section 2.3).  If the TCP connection is
not closed, a "0 message response" effectively amounts to the server
ignoring the AXFR request while keeping the TCP connection open and
continuing to respond to other requests on the same connection.  
That behavior makes no sense, and I don't believe it has ever been
implemented in any server, nor do I believe anyone has actually
requested that the standard allow it.  What has been (controversially)
implemented is specifically the action of immediately closing the TCP
connection.  Therefore, I suggest removing section 2.2.1 in its
entirety, and replacing the text in section 2.2 saying

   The AXFR response will consist of 0 or more messages.  A "0 message"
   response is covered in Section 2.2.1.

by

   The AXFR response will consist of 1 or more messages.  The case of
   a server closing the TCP connection without sending an AXFR response
   is covered in section 2.3.


Section 2.2.2, Header Values:

   e) If the implementation supports the DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC
      -- see Section 2), then this value MUST be set according to the
      rules in RFC 4035, Section 3.1.6, "The AD and CD Bits in an
      Authoritative Response".  If the implementation does not support
      the DNS Security Extensions, then this value MUST be set to 0 and
      MUST be ignored upon receipt.

It is unclear to me what the purpose of setting the AD or CD bit in an
AXFR response is.  If there is no well-defined use for the AD and CD
bits in the AXFR client, I don't see the point in the AXFR server
setting them.  On the other hand, it seems that RFC 4035 section 3.1.6
already allows a server to always respond with CD=0 and AD=0, so while
the requirements of section 2.2.2 may not serve any real purpose, they
are at least trivial for the server implementer to comply with. :)


Section 3.1, Records to Include:

   Unless the AXFR server knows that the AXFR client is old and expects
   just one resource record per AXFR response message, an AXFR server
   SHOULD populate an AXFR response message with
   as many complete resource record sets as will fit within a DNS
   message.

This discussion belongs in section 2.2., not section 3, because it is
not about the zone contents but about the form of the response
message.  Also, the fact that some older servers can only handle
single-RR response messages needs to be clearly stated and discussed
on its own, not just mentioned in passing.


Section 4, Transport:

   Since the early days of the DNS, operators who have sets of name
   servers that are authoritative for a common set of zones found it
   desirable to be able to have multiple concurrent zone transfers in
   progress; this way a name server does not have to wait for one zone
   transfer to complete before the next could begin.  RFC 1035 did not
   exclude this possibility, but legacy implementations missed to
   support this functionality.

It's not quite true that "legacy implementations missed to support
this functionality".  DNS implementations have supported multiple
concurrent zone transfers for a long time; it's just that they have
supported them by means of multiple concurrent TCP connections rather
than by multiple concurrent AXFR sessions over a single TCP
connection.

   The remaining presence of such legacy
   implementations makes it necessary that new general purpose server
   implementation still provide options for gracefull fallback to the
   old behavior in their support of concurrent DNS transactions and AXFR
   sessions on a single TCP connection.

Surely you mean client implementations, not server implementations?
Also, "graceful" is spelled with one "l".
-- 
Andreas Gustafsson, gson@araneus.fi


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From: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
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To: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>, Michael Graff <mgraff@isc.org>
cc: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
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--On 30 December 2009 14:00:12 +0000 Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com> wrote:

> More clarity about the nature of the actual problem is needed. Once that
> is forthcoming, I hope this WG can reach a consensus around an
> *engineering* decision on whether the cure is worse than the disease.
>
> I think it would also be helpful if this problem statement could explain
> why DNAME'ing the cloned zones won't work. Or (in BIND terms) why
> multiple zone{} statements for the clones won't work either or are "too
> expensive". For some definition of expensive.

I may well be missing something, and perhaps haven't fully understood
the problem statement, but I'd tend to agree with Jim here.

I appreciate there is a maintainability problem in that one needs
to determine whether one must write
	foo	IN	NS 	colour.example.tld
or
	foo	IN	NS	color.example.tld
(assuming colour and color are the two equivalents), but one would
have thought a BCP containing an algorithm that chooses one of
the above, possibly arbitrarily but always consistently, would
be sufficient.

That said, to the extent there is a problem needing solving, there
does not appear to be any point in inventing another ?NAME unless it
solves everything Paul's problem statement set out to solve.

-- 
Alex Bligh


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters 
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> From: Jim Reid <jim@rfc1035.com>
> Date: Wed, 30 Dec 2009 14:00:12 +0000
> 
> I think it would also be helpful if this problem statement could explain
> why DNAME'ing the cloned zones won't work. Or (in BIND terms) why
> multiple zone{} statements for the clones won't work either or are "too
> expensive". For some definition of expensive.

that's been explained.  grep florian weimer and edward lewis in the
archives.  i agree that a problem statement would nec'ily include their
observations, but i'm less sure that anybody here should claim ignorance
of those observations.



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> Date: Wed, 30 Dec 2009 18:06:30 +0000
> From: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>
> 
> I may well be missing something, and perhaps haven't fully understood
> the problem statement, but I'd tend to agree with Jim here.
> 
> I appreciate there is a maintainability problem in that one needs
> to determine whether one must write
> 	foo	IN	NS 	colour.example.tld
> or
> 	foo	IN	NS	color.example.tld
> (assuming colour and color are the two equivalents), but one would
> have thought a BCP containing an algorithm that chooses one of
> the above, possibly arbitrarily but always consistently, would
> be sufficient.

for IDN this might be possible.  but andrew asked us to consider the
problem "how to make one name exactly like another" and asked us not
to constrain our thinking to the IDN use case.

> That said, to the extent there is a problem needing solving, there
> does not appear to be any point in inventing another ?NAME unless it
> solves everything Paul's problem statement set out to solve.

(it's andrew's problem statement, which i'm the one who keeps repeating here.)

at a minimum, DNAME does not redirect its owner name since there might be
other RRs there (SOA and NS, if it's a zone apex), and CNAME does not
permit other RRs to share its owner name, so our alternatives for alias
names (which are not "exactly like" other names but they're pretty close
for most purposes) were:

	1. relax the CNAME-and-other-data constraint to allow CNAME+DNAME.
	2. change the semantics of DNAME so that it covers its owner name.
	3. define a new xNAME that does what CNAME+DNAME would be like.

of the three, #1 and #2 require that the installed base be upgraded, whereas
#3 does not.  therefore BNAME has been proposed.

however, these are alias names, which are not exactly like other names, and
so i'm still thinking about "zone clones" (or "clone zones", depending on
how you look at it.)  the reason i don't think of this as a trivial problem
subject to out-of-band operational practices, is because of interactions
between primary and secondary servers, which might be implemented by
different parties, and operated by different parties.  "zone clone" is my
way to ensure that a zone can be served even across architectural
boundaries and administrative boundaries.  in that sense it's like SOA's
timers, which could just as easily have been made into an operational
problem, but then we would lack a standard that allowed secondary and
primary name servers to cooperate in zone management unless they were all
implemented and/or operated by a single party.  that would never have scaled,
and DNS has to scale.


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At 02:51 30/12/2009, Florian Weimer wrote:
>* Andrew Sullivan:
>
> > This email begins a three week Working Group Last Call for the two
> > documents draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation-00.txt and
> > draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01.txt.  We are calling these
> > documents together because in our view they naturally complement one
> > another.
>
>draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-registry-fixes-01 undos the upcoming ID
>assignment for the GOST algorithms.  Unless it is guaranteed that the
>registry draft overtakes the GOST draft in the publishing pipeline,
>the registry draft must be updated.  (I haven't checked if other
>algorithms are missing from the table in section 2.2.)

GOST can not have an allocation until after the IESG has concluded its
evaluation, thus this draft can not make assumptions about
GOTS's fate, adding GOST is easy.

>Is a normative reference to an I-D in a standards-track RFC
>acceptable?  The only reference to OBSOLETE could be replaced with
>OPTIONAL and a footnote saying that RSAMD5 should be considered
>broken.

Having a normative reference to another ID is fine, the implication
is that this document will be published with or after the normative
reference.

>draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-alg-allocation-00 looks fine and should go
>forward.

         Olafur



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Date: Wed, 30 Dec 2009 15:18:54 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
To: namedroppers@ops.ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
Message-ID: <20091230201854.GQ1725@shinkuro.com>
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On Wed, Dec 30, 2009 at 07:13:59PM +0000, Paul Vixie wrote:
> 
> for IDN this might be possible.  but andrew asked us to consider the
> problem "how to make one name exactly like another" and asked us not
> to constrain our thinking to the IDN use case.

Yes, I did.  Let me explain a little my thinking.

I know that it's often a dangerous practice to try to solve problems
you don't know about yet.  At the same time, it seems to me that there
are already two inventions (CNAME and DNAME) that _kind of_ solve the
problem of making two names "just like another", and they're both
being abused in nasty ways in an effort to get the behaviour people
really want.  Neither of them actually works the way users want.

In the end, I am of course willing to accept an answer tailor-made for
the IDN problem: we have a real use case before us that has a
compelling need, and I think we'd be fools to refuse to solve that for
the long term (even if whatever we do can't be used tomorrow).  But I
think we have enough big brains around here that it is worth trying to
solve the more general problem first, to see whether we can come up
with something that solves more than one problem at once and that
provides a facility that many DNS-naive people think already exists.
(I have heard, more than once, "What do you mean there's no real
aliasing in the DNS?"  People who don't run nameservers really do
think this is just an obvious thing that ought to just work, and
saying that it's hard does not elict a friendly smile.)

I am painfully aware that some people dislike these sorts of
discussions that lead us off into speculation-land; but if we, the DNS
protocol extension community, won't try to tackle the general case, I
am not sure who will ever do it.  Instead, we'll get a long series of
special-case handlers.  My personal, no-hat opinion is that a large
number of special cases is usually less desirable than one general
handler.  Not everything can be solved this way, though, and I'm
totally open minded about the present case.

All of that said, I expect that pretty soon (probably mid-January)
Olafur and I will try to provide a shortish summary of what we
understood from the WG's discussions.  We'll be soliciting specific
direction from WG participants at that point.  In the meantime, if you
have a proposal or idea you want to work out, please either outline it
here, put it together as a specific proposal in an I-D, or both.

Thanks very much to everyone who continues to participate in this
discussion.  It's very helpful to me, and I think it is also helpful
to our user community (who have, after all, a problem they're feeling
-- even if it's one you might think isn't as hard as they believe it
to be).  The only reason we have to continue our work as a WG is that
we are addressing needs felt on the Internet, and I think this is a
genuine case.

Best regards,

A


-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters 
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In message <EAB76B7EE6775F42915D7E14@nimrod.local>, Alex Bligh writes:
> That said, to the extent there is a problem needing solving, there
> does not appear to be any point in inventing another ?NAME unless it
> solves everything Paul's problem statement set out to solve.

Why?

There are some that would be happy with (requested) a DNAME + CNAME
equivalent.  There are differnet cost/benefit tradeoffs here.  We might
actually want to provide multiple solutions.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 30 14:21:13 2009
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--On 30 December 2009 15:18:54 -0500 Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com> 
wrote:

>> for IDN this might be possible.  but andrew asked us to consider the
>> problem "how to make one name exactly like another" and asked us not
>> to constrain our thinking to the IDN use case.
>
> Yes, I did.  Let me explain a little my thinking.
>
> I know that it's often a dangerous practice to try to solve problems
> you don't know about yet.  At the same time, it seems to me that there
> are already two inventions (CNAME and DNAME) that _kind of_ solve the
> problem of making two names "just like another", and they're both
> being abused in nasty ways in an effort to get the behaviour people
> really want.  Neither of them actually works the way users want.

I suppose what I don't understand (quite possibly due to my own
ignorance) is why the IDN problem can't be solved at the tool
level, and what the non-IDN problem is at all, beyond the normal
"DNS is not a panacea" observation.

-- 
Alex Bligh


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--On 31 December 2009 08:30:16 +1100 Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org> wrote:

>> That said, to the extent there is a problem needing solving, there
>> does not appear to be any point in inventing another ?NAME unless it
>> solves everything Paul's problem statement set out to solve.
>
> Why?
>
> There are some that would be happy with (requested) a DNAME + CNAME
> equivalent.  There are differnet cost/benefit tradeoffs here.  We might
> actually want to provide multiple solutions.

My rationale was that every protocol change has a cost for implementors
and deployers, each of which have some large % outside those asking for
change. If there is to be a change of that requires some standards
action, then between two possible changes that affect the same set
of software, one might as well pick the one that (a) solves the
problems "properly" (which of course requires understanding what the
problem(s) are) and (b) solves multiple problems simultaneously.
Paul's proposal was (broadly speaking) constrained to authoritative
servers, and it's difficult to think of a practical smaller subset
of affected software that isn't just a "tool change". Hence, if we
aren't just going to change the tools but make a protocol change,
we might as well go for what Paul suggests.

When you say "DNAME + CNAME equivalent" what does that mean that is
different from DNAME + synthesis?

-- 
Alex Bligh


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Date: Wed, 30 Dec 2009 17:41:30 -0500
From: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
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On Wed, Dec 30, 2009 at 10:13:20PM +0000, Alex Bligh wrote:
> I suppose what I don't understand (quite possibly due to my own
> ignorance) is why the IDN problem can't be solved at the tool
> level, and what the non-IDN problem is at all, beyond the normal
> "DNS is not a panacea" observation.

I think the argument in favour of doing something has been made more
than once in this thread, as well as in some different recent threads
on this list.  Ed Lewis presented, I think, the most recent kick to
such threads, in the form that I find most compelling.  If you really
need references, please send me mail off-list, and I'll track down the
particular versions of the arguments in the last month or so of
archives.

If what you're saying in "don't understand" is instead, "I don't find
this argument compelling," that's fine with me, but I'd prefer to hear
it in a more direct way.

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan
ajs@shinkuro.com
Shinkuro, Inc.


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters
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--On 30 December 2009 17:41:30 -0500 Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com> 
wrote:

> I think the argument in favour of doing something has been made more
> than once in this thread, as well as in some different recent threads
> on this list.  Ed Lewis presented, I think, the most recent kick to
> such threads, in the form that I find most compelling.  If you really
> need references, please send me mail off-list, and I'll track down the
> particular versions of the arguments in the last month or so of
> archives.
>
> If what you're saying in "don't understand" is instead, "I don't find
> this argument compelling," that's fine with me, but I'd prefer to hear
> it in a more direct way.

I got the "something needs doing" argument. I didn't get the "something
needs doing that can't be solved with tools" argument. I admit to
being a bit distracted with other stuff when the mail was coming through,
so shall go and reread.

-- 
Alex Bligh


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length
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On 13 Dec 2009, at 18:48, Donald Eastlake wrote:

> OK, here is what I think is a stupid question to which I think I  
> know the answer... but I wish to consult the wisdom of namedroppers.
>
> I am doing a review of draft-cheshire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt.  
> For some reason, the authors believe that the words of RFC 1034 as  
> follows
>
>      the total number of octets that represent a domain name (i.e.,
>      the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is limited to 255
>
> are no clear. I thought they were clear.
As is often the case, things that may superficially appear clear at a  
casual glance are not so clear when you think about them more carefully.

RFC 1035 ("DNS Implementation and Specification") says:

> 2.3.4. Size limits
>
> Various objects and parameters in the DNS have size limits.  They are
> listed below.  Some could be easily changed, others are more  
> fundamental.
>
> labels          63 octets or less
> names           255 octets or less
It would be nice if this said either:

> labels          63 octets or less (including initial length byte)
> names           255 octets or less (including final terminating zero)
or

> labels          63 octets or less (excluding initial length byte)
> names           255 octets or less (excluding final terminating zero)
Other context leads us to conclude that the label length limit does  
NOT include the initial length byte. Consistency would suggest that an  
equivalent interpretation might apply to the definition of name length  
limit.

Faced with this ambiguity, we consulted "Clarifications to the DNS  
Specification", RFC 2181.

Given that the entire point of RFC 2181 was to recognize and remedy  
ambiguities in the original DNS specifications, one might hope that it  
was given thorough scrutiny by the IETF and DNSEXT to ensure that it  
did so, and consequently any information in it replaces and supersedes  
any unclear or ambiguous information in the earlier RFCs. RFC 2181 says:

>    The DNS itself places only one restriction on the particular labels
>    that can be used to identify resource records.  That one  
> restriction
>    relates to the length of the label and the full name.  The length  
> of
>    any one label is limited to between 1 and 63 octets.  A full domain
>    name is limited to 255 octets (including the separators).  The zero
>    length full name is defined as representing the root of the DNS  
> tree,
>    and is typically written and displayed as ".".
So, what do we make of that? Is this talking about the wire format of  
a domain name, or the conventional textual representation? The  
"including the separators" text implies this is talking about the  
textual representation, but it fails to say whether the trailing dot  
is included, and it also fails to say whether the trailing null byte  
typically at the end of a C string is included. As "clarifications"  
go, I've seen better. What's the length of "ietf.org"? Let's consider  
the four possibilities:

(A) "ietf.org"    length =  8
(B) "ietf.org."   length =  9
(C) "ietf.org\0"  length =  9
(D) "ietf.org.\0" length = 10

Let's consider that for the case of the root name:

(A) ""            length =  0
(B) "."           length =  1
(C) "\0"          length =  1
(D) ".\0"         length =  2

Is the length of "ietf.org" 8, 9 or 10? Is the length of the root name  
0, 1, or 2? If only the document gave us some hint. Oh, wait, it does:

>    The zero length full name is defined as representing the root
>    of the DNS tree, and is typically written and displayed as ".".
So RFC 2181 does tell us the answer. The length of "." is considered  
to be zero. So neither the trailing dot nor the trailing C-string null  
byte are included. That means interpretation (A) is the correct one,  
and the nominal "length" of "ietf.org" is 8.

This is consistent with other similar things in computing. A pascal  
string can be 0-255 bytes long, but it takes 1-256 bytes of storage,  
because of the length byte. Many software objects are a multiple of a  
power of two in size, because computers are more efficient at handling  
memory objects that are bus-aligned (typically 4 bytes), or cache-line  
aligned (e.g. 128-bytes), or VM-page aligned (e.g. 4KB).

Limiting a domain name to 255 bytes of storage instead of 256 is just  
wasting a byte. In a C structure in memory, a 255-byte object is  
usually followed by an unused padding byte so that the next object is  
word-aligned.

In such a world, where a pascal string can be 0-255 bytes long, and  
takes up to 256 bytes of storage, because of the length byte, it is  
consistent that:

(a) a domain label can be up to 63 bytes long (and takes up to 64  
bytes of storage, because of the length byte) and
(b) a domain name can be up to 255 bytes long (and takes up to 256  
bytes of storage, because of the terminating zero).

Stuart Cheshire <cheshire@apple.com>
* Wizard Without Portfolio, Apple Inc.
* Internet Architecture Board
* www.stuartcheshire.org



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Subject: Re: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 30 Dec 2009 17:02:38 -0800." <DE241C40-A1DD-4F68-97DD-1FFF34B31FF9@apple.com> 
Date: Thu, 31 Dec 2009 13:26:52 +1100
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In message <DE241C40-A1DD-4F68-97DD-1FFF34B31FF9@apple.com>, Stuart Cheshire wr
ites:
> On 13 Dec 2009, at 18:48, Donald Eastlake wrote:
> 
> > OK, here is what I think is a stupid question to which I think I  
> > know the answer... but I wish to consult the wisdom of namedroppers.
> >
> > I am doing a review of draft-cheshire-dnsext-multicastdns-08.txt.  
> > For some reason, the authors believe that the words of RFC 1034 as  
> > follows
> >
> >      the total number of octets that represent a domain name (i.e.,
> >      the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is limited to 255
> >
> > are no clear. I thought they were clear.
> As is often the case, things that may superficially appear clear at a  
> casual glance are not so clear when you think about them more carefully.
> 
> RFC 1035 ("DNS Implementation and Specification") says:
> 
> > 2.3.4. Size limits
> >
> > Various objects and parameters in the DNS have size limits.  They are
> > listed below.  Some could be easily changed, others are more  
> > fundamental.
> >
> > labels          63 octets or less
> > names           255 octets or less
> It would be nice if this said either:
> 
> > labels          63 octets or less (including initial length byte)
> > names           255 octets or less (including final terminating zero)
> or
> 
> > labels          63 octets or less (excluding initial length byte)
> > names           255 octets or less (excluding final terminating zero)

What actually says is:

labels		63 octets or less plus a length octet.
names           255 octets or less terminating in the root label.

which matches neither of your interpretions.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


From owner-namedroppers@ops.ietf.org  Wed Dec 30 20:24:56 2009
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length 
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> From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
> Date: Thu, 31 Dec 2009 13:26:52 +1100
> 
> What actually says is:
> 
> labels		63 octets or less plus a length octet.
> names           255 octets or less terminating in the root label.

agreed...

> which matches neither of your interpretions.

...sadly.


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Alex Bligh wrote:
> 
> When you say "DNAME + CNAME equivalent" what does that mean that is
> different from DNAME + synthesis?
> 

	The latter only covers descendants.

	What's sought (archives: Vaggelis Segredakis) is something
	to cover at one blow self and descendants.

	/Niall



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On 30 Dec 2009, at 18:26, Mark Andrews wrote:

> What actually says is:
>
> labels		63 octets or less plus a length octet.
> names           255 octets or less terminating in the root label.
>
> which matches neither of your interpretions.
>
> Mark


Which page of which RFC are you quoting there?

Stuart Cheshire <cheshire@apple.com>
* Wizard Without Portfolio, Apple Inc.
* Internet Architecture Board
* www.stuartcheshire.org



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Date: Thu, 31 Dec 2009 18:21:29 +0000
From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify WGLC announcement
In-reply-to: <20091219172214.GF52726@shinkuro.com>
To: Andrew Sullivan <ajs@shinkuro.com>
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Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> Dear colleagues,
> 
> This mail initiates a three week Working Group Last Call for the WG
> work item, draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt.  The last call will
> close at 17:00 EST on 2010-01-09.
> 
> Please read the document and send your comments to the mailing list.
> This document has been through many revisions and has received quite a
> lot of attention, but it has lived a long time and really needs
> complete review.  This is especially true because it discusses a very
> old part of the DNS specifications.  Because this is a clarification
> document that purports to specify more completely the behaviour of
> existing functionality, it is particularly important that its
> correctness and completeness be evaluated by protocol experts and,
> especially, implementers.
> 
> Please remember that DNSEXT has a policy that a document that has not
> received supportive review by at least five DNSEXT participants will
> not be sent to the IESG.  The document has been around for a long
> time, and it would be a shame to let that work go to waste due to
> inadequate review.  Especially in this case, I would very much like to
> see more than five supportive reviews.

	I am neither a "protocol expert" nor an "implementer".

	I have carefully read draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt,
	and believe that it is a useful document.  Its very accessible
	language and careful exposition should be helpful to all readers
	who need an explicit point of reference for what is not made
	sufficiently clear in earlier documents.  I particularly
	appreciate and welcome the care taken to identify those aspects
	of AXFR behaviour which can only be effectively addressed by
	configuration actions; I expect that this will be of valuable
	assistance to zone and server administrators.

	I found a good number of "nits", and will include these in a
	later message.

	In just one place, the intent seemed insufficiently clear.
	I believe that giving further attention to the following section
	at this stage would forestall possible future controversy.

2.3.  TCP Connection Aborts

	[...]

    An AXFR server implementor SHOULD take into consideration the dilemma
    described above when a connection is closed with an outstanding query
    in the pipeline.  For this reason, a server ought to reserve this
    course of action for situations in which it believes beyond a doubt
    that the AXFR client is attempting abusive behavior.

	Intent: is 'SHOULD' or 'RECOMMEND' needed?
	s/server ought to reserve/SHOULD reserve/? OR
	s/a server ought to reserve/
	 /it is RECOMMENDED that a server reserve/?


	I hope this helps.


	Best regards, and Happy New Year!

	Niall O'Reilly


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Date: Thu, 31 Dec 2009 18:32:09 +0000
From: Niall O'Reilly <Niall.oReilly@ucd.ie>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Re: draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify WGLC announcement
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Andrew Sullivan wrote:
> Dear colleagues,
> 
> This mail initiates a three week Working Group Last Call for the WG
> work item, draft-ietf-dnsext-axfr-clarify-12.txt.  The last call will
> close at 17:00 EST on 2010-01-09.

	Nit-list, as promised, covering spelling, ill-formed sentences,
	and problematic vocabulary or usage (IMHO, of course) ...

	[...]

Abstract

    The Domain Name System standard mechanisms for maintaining coherent
    servers for a zone consist of three elements.  One mechanism is the
    Authoritative Transfer (AXFR) defined in RFC 1034 and RFC 1035.
    The definition of AXFR has proven insufficient in detail, thereby
    forcing implementations intended to be compliant to make assumptions,
    impeding interoperability.  Yet today we have a satisfactory set of
    implementations that do interoperate.  This document is a new
    definition of AXFR -- new in the sense that is it recording an
    accurate definition of an interoperable AXFR mechanism.

	s/is it recording/it records/

	[...]

1.4.  Coverage and Relationship to Original AXFR Specification

    This document concentrates on just the definition of AXFR.  Any
    effort to update the specification of the IXFR or NOTIFY mechanisms
    is left to different documents.

    The original "specification" of the AXFR sub-protocol is scattered
    through RFC 1034 and RFC 1035.  Section 2.2 of RFC 1035 (on page 5)
    depicts the scenario for which AXFR has been designed.  Section 4.3.5
    of RFC 1034 describes the zone synchronization strategies in general
    and rules for the invocation of a full zone transfer via AXFR; the
    fifth paragraph of that section contains a very short sketch of the
    AXFR protocol; Section 5.5 of RFC 2181 has corrected a significant
    flaw in that specification.  Section 3.2.3 of RFC 1035 has assigned
    the code point for the AXFR QTYPE (see Section 2.1.2 below for more
    details).
               Section 4.2 of RFC 1035 discusses the transport layer use
    of DNS and shortly explains why UDP transport is deemed inappropriate
    for AXFR;

	s/discusses the transport layer use of DNS/
	 /discusses how DNS uses the transport layer/

	s/shortly/briefly/

              the last paragraph of Section 4.2.2 gives details for the
    TCP connection management with AXFR.

	s/for the/for/

	s/with/for/
	(or some other preposition or prepositional phrase:
	 "with" is instrumental: "by means of"; not likely
	 what is intended)

	[...]

2.2.  AXFR Response

    The AXFR response will consist of 0 or more messages.  A "0 message"
    response is covered in Section 2.2.1.

    An AXFR response that is transferring the zone's contents will
    consist of a series (which could be a series of length 1) of DNS
    messages.  In such a series, the first message MUST begin with the
    SOA resource record of the zone, the last message MUST conclude with
    the same SOA resource record.  Intermediate messages MUST NOT contain
    the SOA resource record.  The AXFR server MUST copy the Question
    section from the corresponding AXFR query message in to the first
    response message's Question section.  Subsequent messages MAY do the
    same or contain an empty Question section.

    An AXFR response indicates an error via a single DNS message with the
    return code set to the appropriate value for the condition
    encountered, sent once the error condition is detected.

	s/once/when/

	[...]

2.2.1.  "0 Message" Response

    A legitimate "0 message" response, i.e., the client sees no response
    whatsoever, is very exceptional and controversial.  Unquestionably it
    is unhealthy for there to be 0 responses in a protocol that is
    designed around a query - response paradigm over an unreliable
    transport.  The lack of a response could be a sign of underlying
    network problems and cause the protocol state machine to react
    accordingly.  However, AXFR uses TCP and not UDP, eliminating
    undetectable network errors.

    A "0 message response" is reserved for situations in which the server
    has a reason to suspect that the query is sent for the purpose of
    abuse.  Due to the use of this being so controversial, a "0 message
    response" is not being defined as a legitimate part of the protocol
    but the use of it is being acknowledged as a warning to AXFR client
    implementations.  Any earnest query has the expectation of some
    response but nevertheless may not get one.

	s/earnest/legitimate/ or
	s/earnest/bona-fide/

	[...]

2.2.  Header Values

	[...]

       to the error.  For example, a malformed AXFR query or the presence
       of an EDNS0 OPT resource record sent to an old server will garner
       a FormErr(1) value.

	s/garner/result in/

	[...]

    g) The count of answer records MUST equal the number of resource
       records in the AXFR Answer Section.  When a server is aware that a
       client will only accept one resource record per response message,

	s/only accept one/accept only one/

	[...]

    h) The client MUST set this field to the number of resource records

	s/this field/the count of additional-section records/

       appearing in the Additional section.  The considerations of Note
       d) in Section 2.1.1 apply equally; see Section 2.2.6 "Additional
       Section" below for more details.

	[...]

2.3.  TCP Connection Aborts

    If an AXFR client sends a query on a TCP connection and the
    connection is closed at any point, the AXFR client MUST consider the
    AXFR session terminated.  The message ID MAY be used again on a new
    connection, even if the question and AXFR server are the same.

    Facing a dropped connection, a client SHOULD try to make some
    determination whether the connection closure was the result of
    network activity or a decision by the AXFR server.

	s/whether/as to whether/
	s/connection closure/loss of connection/
	s/or a/or due to a/

                                                        This
    determination is not an exact science.  It is up to the AXFR client
    implementor to react, but the reaction SHOULD NOT be an endless cycle
    of retries nor an increasing (in frequency) retry rate.

	s/be an endless/be either an endless/
	s/nor/or/

	[...]

3.  Zone Contents

    The objective of the AXFR session is to request and transfer the
    contents of a zone.  The objective is to permit the AXFR client to
    reconstruct the zone as it exists at the server for the given zone
    serial number.

	Avoid giving two statements of the "objective":
	s/zone.  The objective is to permit/zone, in order to permit/

	[...]

3.2.  Delegation Records

	[...]

    One issue is that in operations there are times when the NS resource
    records for a zone might be different at a cut point in the parent
    and at the apex of a zone.  Sometimes this is the result of an error
    and sometimes it is part of an ongoing change in name servers.  The
    DNS protocol is robust enough to overcome inconsistencies up to (but
    not including) there being no parent indicated NS resource record

	s/parent indicated/parent-indicated/

    referencing a server that is able to serve the child zone.  This
    robustness is one quality that has fueled the success of the DNS.
    Still, the inconsistency is an error state and steps need to be taken
    to make it apparent (if it is unplanned) and to make it clear once
    the inconsistency has been removed.

	[...]

3.3.  Glue Records

???

    As quoted in the previous section, Section 4.2.1 of RFC 1034 provides
    guidance and rationale for the inclusion of glue records as part of
    an AXFR transfer.  And, as also argued in the previous section of
    this document, even when there is an inconsistency between the
    address in a glue record and the authoritative copy of the name
    server's address, the glue resource record that is registered as part
    of the zone for that serial number is to be included.

	The intent here is clear, but the expression is very
	unfortunate.  I need to think some more before I "send text".

???

4.  Transport

	[...]

    The most common scenario is for an AXFR client to open a TCP
    connection to the AXFR server, send an AXFR query, receive the AXFR
    response, and then close the connection.  But variations of that
    most simple scenario are legitimate and likely, in particular sending

	s/likely, in particular sending/likely. In particular, sending/

    a query for the zone's SOA resource record first over the same TCP
    connection, and reusing an existing TCP connection for other queries.

    Therefore, the assumption that a TCP connection is dedicated to a
    single AXFR session is incorrect.  This wrong assumption has led to
    implementation choices that prevent either multiple concurrent zone
    transfers or the use of an open connection for other queries.

    Since the early days of the DNS, operators who have sets of name
    servers that are authoritative for a common set of zones found it
    desirable to be able to have multiple concurrent zone transfers in
    progress; this way a name server does not have to wait for one zone
    transfer to complete before the next could begin.

	s/does/would/ OR
	s/could/can/

                                                       RFC 1035 did not
    exclude this possibility, but legacy implementations missed to
    support this functionality.

	s/missed/neglected/

                                 The remaining presence of such legacy
    implementations makes it necessary that new general purpose server
    implementation still provide options for gracefull fallback to the

	s/gracefull/graceful/

    old behavior in their support of concurrent DNS transactions and AXFR
    sessions on a single TCP connection.

	[...]

    disruption was a spurious event, attempting to restart the connection
    would be proper.  If the disruption was caused by a failure that
    proved to be persistent, the AXFR client would be wise to not spend

	s/to not spend/not to spend/ OR
	s/to not spend/to avoid spending/

    too many resources trying to rebuild the connection.  Finally, if the
    connection was dropped because of a policy at the AXFR server (as can
    be the case with older AXFR servers), the AXFR client would be wise
    to not retry the connection.  Unfortunately, knowing which of the

	s/to not retry/not to retry/

    three cases above (momentary disruption, failure, policy) applies is
    not possible with certainty, and can only be assessed by heuristics.

	[...]

4.1.2.  AXFR server TCP

    An AXFR server MUST be able to handle multiple AXFR sessions on a
    single TCP connection, as well as handle other query/response
    transactions over it.

	s/as well as handle/as well as to handle/

	[...]

	[ends]

	IHTH

	Best regards,
	Niall O'Reilly


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To: "Niall O'Reilly" <niall.oreilly@ucd.ie>
Cc: Alex Bligh <alex@alex.org.uk>, namedroppers@ops.ietf.org, Vaggelis Segredakis <segred@ics.forth.gr>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <a06240800c75531374766@[0.0.0.0]> <4B350F07.5050705@gis.net> <31698.1261770900@nsa.vix.com> <F0BD7ADF4F8585837DF1AF48@nimrod.local> <86075.1261848395@nsa.vix.com> <4B374878.7040002@isc.org> <A51AA9CD-5630-4F57-959F-88D29D26ACC1@rfc1035.com> <EAB76B7EE6775F42915D7E14@nimrod.local> <200912302130.nBULUGY5050301@drugs.dv.isc.org> <28B9F045EE3FACCC13849233@nimrod.local> <4B3C831F.2060008@ucd.ie> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] we've been assuming that only one label matters 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 31 Dec 2009 10:55:27 -0000." <4B3C831F.2060008@ucd.ie> 
Date: Fri, 01 Jan 2010 09:41:05 +1100
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In message <4B3C831F.2060008@ucd.ie>, "Niall O'Reilly" writes:
> Alex Bligh wrote:
> > 
> > When you say "DNAME + CNAME equivalent" what does that mean that is
> > different from DNAME + synthesis?
> > 
> 
> 	The latter only covers descendants.
> 
> 	What's sought (archives: Vaggelis Segredakis) is something
> 	to cover at one blow self and descendants.
> 
> 	/Niall

By "DNAME + CNAME equivalent" I ment a record that does both at once.

BNAME doesn't (yet) do the right thing.

* Firstly BNAME needs hop-by-hop BNAME understanding signalling from
  day one.

* Secondly you return a BNAME or a synthesised CNAME depending upon the
  BNAME understanding signalling.  You never return both for the same
  QNAME in a response.  If synthesised CNAME won't fit you return
  NXDOMAIN for the non-BNAME aware client, YXDOMAIN for a BNAME aware
  client.

* Thirdly a zone containing a BNAME, MUST NOT be signed with any
  of the currently assigned algorithms.  I would suggest that we have
  aliases for RSASHA256 and RSASHA512 which indicate BNAME support
  in addition to NSEC3 support (e.g. RSASHA256B, RSASHA512B).
  DSA, GOST maybe.  Do not privide aliases for RSASHA1, RSAMD5 and
  NSEC3RSASHA1.  Future algorithm assignment will imply NSEC3 and
  BNAME compliance.

This will allow DNSSEC to work and not require keys to be kept
online.  Forwarders of a BNAME aware server need to also be BNAME
aware.  This is similar to NSEC3 where forwarders need to be NSEC3
aware for NSEC3 zones to work, or even plain DNSSEC.

In this way a BNAME unaware validator will treat the zone as insecure.

With DNAME we tried to do to much (always sending DNAME) and not
enough (we didn't make DNAME DNSSEC compatible).  We know how to
do it better now.

Happy New Year

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


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To: Stuart Cheshire <cheshire@apple.com>
Cc: IETF DNSEXT WG <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Donald Eastlake <d3e3e3@gmail.com>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <1028365c0912131848p29de845fte3d53835e851b470@mail.gmail.com> <DE241C40-A1DD-4F68-97DD-1FFF34B31FF9@apple.com> <200912310226.nBV2Qqwr055127@drugs.dv.isc.org> <F594E424-9C8F-4FFC-8A25-2203CECBCC4B@apple.com> 
Subject: Re: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 31 Dec 2009 06:57:47 -0800." <F594E424-9C8F-4FFC-8A25-2203CECBCC4B@apple.com> 
Date: Fri, 01 Jan 2010 10:04:04 +1100
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In message <F594E424-9C8F-4FFC-8A25-2203CECBCC4B@apple.com>, Stuart Cheshire wr
ites:
> On 30 Dec 2009, at 18:26, Mark Andrews wrote:
> 
> > What actually says is:
> >
> > labels		63 octets or less plus a length octet.
> > names           255 octets or less terminating in the root label.
> >
> > which matches neither of your interpretions.
> >
> > Mark
> 
> 
> Which page of which RFC are you quoting there?

RFC 1034

Internally, programs that manipulate domain names should represent them
as sequences of labels, where each label is a length octet followed by
an octet string.  Because all domain names end at the root, which has a
null string for a label, these internal representations can use a length
byte of zero to terminate a domain name.

To simplify implementations, the total number of octets that represent a
domain name (i.e., the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is
limited to 255.

> Stuart Cheshire <cheshire@apple.com>
> * Wizard Without Portfolio, Apple Inc.
> * Internet Architecture Board
> * www.stuartcheshire.org
> 
> 
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


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Cc: Stuart Cheshire <cheshire@apple.com>, IETF DNSEXT WG <namedroppers@ops.ietf.org>, Donald Eastlake <d3e3e3@gmail.com>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] FQDN maximum length 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Fri, 01 Jan 2010 10:04:04 +1100."
Date: Fri, 01 Jan 2010 10:10:04 +1100
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Mark Andrews writes:
> 
> In message <F594E424-9C8F-4FFC-8A25-2203CECBCC4B@apple.com>, Stuart Cheshire 
> wr
> ites:
> > On 30 Dec 2009, at 18:26, Mark Andrews wrote:
> > 
> > > What actually says is:
> > >
> > > labels		63 octets or less plus a length octet.
> > > names           255 octets or less terminating in the root label.
> > >
> > > which matches neither of your interpretions.
> > >
> > > Mark
> > 
> > 
> > Which page of which RFC are you quoting there?
> 
> RFC 1034
> 
> Internally, programs that manipulate domain names should represent them
> as sequences of labels, where each label is a length octet followed by
> an octet string.  Because all domain names end at the root, which has a
> null string for a label, these internal representations can use a length
> byte of zero to terminate a domain name.
> 
> To simplify implementations, the total number of octets that represent a
> domain name (i.e., the sum of all label octets and label lengths) is
> limited to 255.

Also RFC 1035.

3.1. Name space definitions

Domain names in messages are expressed in terms of a sequence of labels.
Each label is represented as a one octet length field followed by that
number of octets.  Since every domain name ends with the null label of
the root, a domain name is terminated by a length byte of zero.  The
high order two bits of every length octet must be zero, and the
remaining six bits of the length field limit the label to 63 octets or
less.

To simplify implementations, the total length of a domain name (i.e.,
label octets and label length octets) is restricted to 255 octets or
less.

> 
> > Stuart Cheshire <cheshire@apple.com>
> > * Wizard Without Portfolio, Apple Inc.
> > * Internet Architecture Board
> * www.stuartcheshire.org
> > 
> > 
> -- 
> Mark Andrews, ISC
> 1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
> PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org


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