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From: Vithalprasad Gaitonde <Gaitonde.Vithalprasad@microsoft.com>
To: "dnsext@ietf.org" <dnsext@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records
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Date: Mon, 2 Sep 2013 18:13:43 +0000
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Subject: [dnsext] Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records
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Is a DNS server expected to preserve the case of domain names in resource r=
ecord data of PTR records.

As per RFC 4343 - Domain Name System case insensitivity clarification<http:=
//tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4343>, section 4 says -
While ASCII label comparisons are case insensitive, [STD13<http://tools.iet=
f.org/html/rfc4343#ref-STD13>] says case MUST be preserved on output and pr=
eserved when convenient on input.

But RFC RFC2535 - Domain Name System Security Extensions  section 8.1 says =
-
8.1 Canonical RR Form

   For purposes of DNS<http://www.bind9.net/rfc> security, the canonical fo=
rm for an RR is the
   wire format of the RR with domain names (1) fully expanded (no name
   compression via pointers), (2) all domain name letters set to lower
   case, (3) owner name wild cards in master file form (no substitution
   made for *), and (4) the original TTL substituted for the current
   TTL.

RFC 3597 mentions
DNSSEC<http://www.dnssec.net/> Canonical Form and Ordering

   DNSSEC<http://www.dnssec.net/> defines a canonical form and ordering for=
 RRs [RFC 2535<http://www.rfc-archive.org/getrfc.php?rfc=3D2535>]
   (section 8.1).  In that canonical form, domain names embedded in the
   RDATA are converted to lower case.

Are these standards contradicting vis-=E0-vis case (in)sensitivity of domai=
n names. Or is the canonical form definition only  for constructing SIG RRs=
 as mention in RFC 2535 section 8 -
"A canonical form and ordering within an RRset is necessary in consistently=
 constructing and verifying SIG RRs"

Thanks,
Prasad


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<p class=3D"MsoNormal">Is a DNS server expected to preserve the case of dom=
ain names in resource record data of PTR records.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">As per RFC 4343 <span style=3D"color:#1F497D">&#8211=
; </span><a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4343">Domain Name System =
case insensitivity clarification</a><span style=3D"color:#1F497D">, section=
 4 says &#8211;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"page-break-before:always"><span lang=3D"EN"=
 style=3D"font-family:&quot;Courier New&quot;">While ASCII label comparison=
s are case insensitive, [</span><a href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc43=
43#ref-STD13" title=3D"&quot;Domain names - concepts and facilities&quot;">=
<span lang=3D"EN" style=3D"font-family:&quot;Courier New&quot;">STD13</span=
></a><span lang=3D"EN" style=3D"font-family:&quot;Courier New&quot;">]
 says case MUST be preserved on output and preserved when convenient on inp=
ut.</span><span lang=3D"EN" style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Cou=
rier New&quot;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal">But RFC <span style=3D"color:#1F497D">RFC2535 - Doma=
in Name System Security Extensions&nbsp; section 8.1 says &#8211;<o:p></o:p=
></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot=
;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black">8.1 Canonical RR Form</spa=
n></b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Courier New&quot;;c=
olor:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black">&nbsp;&nbsp; For purposes of
<a href=3D"http://www.bind9.net/rfc"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;color:=
black;text-decoration:none">DNS</span></a> security, the canonical form for=
 an RR is the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black">&nbsp; &nbsp;wire format of the RR with domain=
 names (1) fully expanded (no name<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black">&nbsp;&nbsp; compression via pointers), (2) al=
l domain name letters set to lower<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black">&nbsp;&nbsp; case, (3) owner name wild cards i=
n master file form (no substitution<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black">&nbsp;&nbsp; made for *), and (4) the original=
 TTL substituted for the current<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:black">&nbsp;&nbsp; TTL.</span>=
<span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&qu=
ot;serif&quot;;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D">RFC 3597 mentions <o:p=
></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot=
;Arial&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;color:black"><a href=3D"http://www.dnss=
ec.net/"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;font-family:&quot;Courier New&quot=
;;color:black;text-decoration:none">DNSSEC</span></a> Canonical Form and
 Ordering</span></b><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Couri=
er New&quot;;color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black">&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href=3D"http://www.dnssec.net/"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;color:bl=
ack;text-decoration:none">DNSSEC</span></a> defines a canonical form and or=
dering for RRs [<a href=3D"http://www.rfc-archive.org/getrfc.php?rfc=3D2535=
"><span style=3D"font-size:11.0pt;color:#0066CC;background:white;text-decor=
ation:none">RFC
 2535</span></a>]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black">&nbsp;&nbsp; (section 8.1).&nbsp; In that cano=
nical form, domain names embedded in the<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt;font-family:&quot;Co=
urier New&quot;;color:black">&nbsp;&nbsp; RDATA are converted to lower case=
.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"color:#1F497D">Are these standards co=
ntradicting vis-=E0-vis case (in)sensitivity of domain names. Or is the can=
onical form definition only &nbsp;for constructing SIG RRs as mention in RF=
C 2535 section 8 -<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"page-break-before:always"><span lang=3D"EN"=
 style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Courier New&quot;">&#8220;A ca=
nonical form and ordering within an RRset is necessary in consistently cons=
tructing and
</span><span lang=3D"EN" style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times =
New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;">verifying SIG RRs&#8221;<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"page-break-before:always"><span lang=3D"EN"=
 style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;se=
rif&quot;"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"page-break-before:always"><span lang=3D"EN"=
 style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;se=
rif&quot;">Thanks,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"page-break-before:always"><span lang=3D"EN"=
 style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;se=
rif&quot;">Prasad</span><span lang=3D"EN" style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-fa=
mily:&quot;Courier New&quot;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"page-break-before:always"><span lang=3D"EN"=
 style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-family:&quot;Courier New&quot;"><o:p>&nbsp;=
</o:p></span></p>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records
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In message <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E4297F7ED@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com>, Vi
thalprasad Gaitonde writes:
>
> Is a DNS server expected to preserve the case of domain names in resource
> record data of PTR records.
>
> As per RFC 4343 - Domain Name System case insensitivity
> clarification<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4343>, section 4 says -
> While ASCII label comparisons are case insensitive,
> [STD13<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4343#ref-STD13>] says case MUST be
> preserved on output and preserved when convenient on input.
>
> But RFC RFC2535 - Domain Name System Security Extensions  section 8.1
> says -
> 8.1 Canonical RR Form
>
>    For purposes of DNS<http://www.bind9.net/rfc> security, the canonical
> form for an RR is the
>    wire format of the RR with domain names (1) fully expanded (no name
>    compression via pointers), (2) all domain name letters set to lower
>    case, (3) owner name wild cards in master file form (no substitution
>    made for *), and (4) the original TTL substituted for the current
>    TTL.
>
> RFC 3597 mentions
> DNSSEC<http://www.dnssec.net/> Canonical Form and Ordering
>
>    DNSSEC<http://www.dnssec.net/> defines a canonical form and ordering
> for RRs [RFC 2535<http://www.rfc-archive.org/getrfc.php?rfc=2535>]
>    (section 8.1).  In that canonical form, domain names embedded in the
>    RDATA are converted to lower case.
>
> Are these standards contradicting vis-a-vis case (in)sensitivity of
> domain names. Or is the canonical form definition only  for constructing
> SIG RRs as mention in RFC 2535 section 8 -
> "A canonical form and ordering within an RRset is necessary in
> consistently constructing and verifying SIG RRs"

No, they are not contadictory.  For the purposes of sorting the
for records "B.example", "a.example", "[.example" and "C.example"
sort like this for:

	DNSSEC order:
		[.example
		a.example
		B.example
		C.example

Note case is preserved.

For comparison 
	ASCII order:
		B.example
		C.example
		[.example
		a.example

When signing or verifing you treat "B.example" as if it had been entered as
"b.example".

When transfering a zone. You look for a previous "B.example" (after
expanding compression pointers) if you have a record with "B.example"
in it when generating the compression pointer.  You do NOT look for
"b.example".  If you can't find "B.example", you add the label "B"
then look for "example" not "EXAMPLE" or "ExAmPlE".

Mark

> Thanks,
> Prasad

-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org

From Gaitonde.Vithalprasad@microsoft.com  Tue Sep  3 09:23:07 2013
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From: Vithalprasad Gaitonde <Gaitonde.Vithalprasad@microsoft.com>
To: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
Thread-Topic: [dnsext] Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records
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Date: Tue, 3 Sep 2013 16:14:55 +0000
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References: <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E4297F7ED@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com> <20130902232608.3B86239179AE@drugs.dv.isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records
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Thanks Mark for the clarification

Is DNS server expected to preserve case of the domain name in PTR RDATA.

For example - if a PTR record was created as follows -
1.0.0.10.in-addr.arpa   IN       PTR     A.ExAmPlE

Is the reverse lookup for 10.0.0.1 expected to return the name with the cas=
e preserved (A.ExAmPlE)

Prasad

-----Original Message-----
From: Mark Andrews [mailto:marka@isc.org]=20
Sent: Tuesday, September 3, 2013 4:56 AM
To: Vithalprasad Gaitonde
Cc: dnsext@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records


In message <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E4297F7ED@SINEX14MBXC416.southpa=
cific.corp.microsoft.com>, Vi thalprasad Gaitonde writes:
>
> Is a DNS server expected to preserve the case of domain names in=20
> resource record data of PTR records.
>
> As per RFC 4343 - Domain Name System case insensitivity=20
> clarification<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4343>, section 4 says -=20
> While ASCII label comparisons are case insensitive,=20
> [STD13<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4343#ref-STD13>] says case MUST=20
> be preserved on output and preserved when convenient on input.
>
> But RFC RFC2535 - Domain Name System Security Extensions  section 8.1=20
> says -
> 8.1 Canonical RR Form
>
>    For purposes of DNS<http://www.bind9.net/rfc> security, the=20
> canonical form for an RR is the
>    wire format of the RR with domain names (1) fully expanded (no name
>    compression via pointers), (2) all domain name letters set to lower
>    case, (3) owner name wild cards in master file form (no substitution
>    made for *), and (4) the original TTL substituted for the current
>    TTL.
>
> RFC 3597 mentions
> DNSSEC<http://www.dnssec.net/> Canonical Form and Ordering
>
>    DNSSEC<http://www.dnssec.net/> defines a canonical form and=20
> ordering for RRs [RFC 2535<http://www.rfc-archive.org/getrfc.php?rfc=3D25=
35>]
>    (section 8.1).  In that canonical form, domain names embedded in the
>    RDATA are converted to lower case.
>
> Are these standards contradicting vis-a-vis case (in)sensitivity of=20
> domain names. Or is the canonical form definition only  for=20
> constructing SIG RRs as mention in RFC 2535 section 8 - "A canonical=20
> form and ordering within an RRset is necessary in consistently=20
> constructing and verifying SIG RRs"

No, they are not contadictory.  For the purposes of sorting the for records=
 "B.example", "a.example", "[.example" and "C.example"
sort like this for:

	DNSSEC order:
		[.example
		a.example
		B.example
		C.example

Note case is preserved.

For comparison=20
	ASCII order:
		B.example
		C.example
		[.example
		a.example

When signing or verifing you treat "B.example" as if it had been entered as=
 "b.example".

When transfering a zone. You look for a previous "B.example" (after expandi=
ng compression pointers) if you have a record with "B.example"
in it when generating the compression pointer.  You do NOT look for "b.exam=
ple".  If you can't find "B.example", you add the label "B"
then look for "example" not "EXAMPLE" or "ExAmPlE".

Mark

> Thanks,
> Prasad

--
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org

From marka@isc.org  Tue Sep  3 16:34:55 2013
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To: Vithalprasad Gaitonde <Gaitonde.Vithalprasad@microsoft.com>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E4297F7ED@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com> <20130902232608.3B86239179AE@drugs.dv.isc.org> <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E42981432@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com>
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 03 Sep 2013 16:14:55 +0000." <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E42981432@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records
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In message <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E42981432@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com>, Vi
thalprasad Gaitonde writes:
> Thanks Mark for the clarification
>
> Is DNS server expected to preserve case of the domain name in PTR RDATA.

Yes.
 
> For example - if a PTR record was created as follows -
> 1.0.0.10.in-addr.arpa   IN       PTR     A.ExAmPlE
>
> Is the reverse lookup for 10.0.0.1 expected to return the name with the
> case preserved (A.ExAmPlE)

Yes.
 
> Prasad
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org

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From: "Hosnieh Rafiee" <ietf@rozanak.com>
To: "'Mark Andrews'" <marka@isc.org>, "'Vithalprasad Gaitonde'" <Gaitonde.Vithalprasad@microsoft.com>
References: <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E4297F7ED@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com>	<20130902232608.3B86239179AE@drugs.dv.isc.org>	<8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E42981432@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com> <20130903233428.3B632392EAE7@drugs.dv.isc.org>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records
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> 
> In message
> <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E42981432@SINEX14MBXC416.southp
> acific.corp.microsoft.com>, Vi thalprasad Gaitonde writes:
> > Thanks Mark for the clarification
> >
> > Is DNS server expected to preserve case of the domain name in PTR RDATA.
> 
> Yes.

I guess so if you are talking about the Linux system which is case
sensitive. But I don't think this can happen in windows DNS servers. I don't
have experience with the latest versions, but in the  older versions it
wasn't like this.

Hosnieh


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To: "Hosnieh Rafiee" <ietf@rozanak.com>
From: Mark Andrews <marka@isc.org>
References: <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E4297F7ED@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com> <20130902232608.3B86239179AE@drugs.dv.isc.org> <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E42981432@SINEX14MBXC416.southpacific.corp.microsoft.com> <20130903233428.3B632392EAE7@drugs.dv.isc.org> <002501cea900$c6678410$53368c30$@rozanak.com>
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 04 Sep 2013 01:53:15 +0200." <002501cea900$c6678410$53368c30$@rozanak.com>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Case sensitivity of RDATA in PTR records
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In message <002501cea900$c6678410$53368c30$@rozanak.com>, "Hosnieh Rafiee" writes:
> > 
> > In message
> > <8989710DADDCF44180C6C9FEA3F67C4E42981432@SINEX14MBXC416.southp
> > acific.corp.microsoft.com>, Vi thalprasad Gaitonde writes:
> > > Thanks Mark for the clarification
> > >
> > > Is DNS server expected to preserve case of the domain name in PTR RDATA.
> > 
> > Yes.
> 
> I guess so if you are talking about the Linux system which is case
> sensitive. But I don't think this can happen in windows DNS servers. I don't
> have experience with the latest versions, but in the  older versions it
> wasn't like this.
> 
> Hosnieh

We are talking about what nameservers should do.  Yes there are
broken implementations out there.

Named isn't perfect in this respect as it doesn't correctly preserve
the case of owner names of records when adding them to the internal
databases.  Keeping a bit vector of the case of each octet in the
ownername with each record would be one way to address this without
consuming too much memory.

We don't currently do case preserving compression when responding
to general queries.  For PTR queries in the reverse tree this is
usually not a issue but for other queries it could be.

We do preserve case of rdata in ixfr and axfr transfers.

Mark
-- 
Mark Andrews, ISC
1 Seymour St., Dundas Valley, NSW 2117, Australia
PHONE: +61 2 9871 4742                 INTERNET: marka@isc.org

From jay@nzrs.net.nz  Tue Sep  3 18:06:18 2013
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Subject: [dnsext] Making life easier for sherpas with a POL RR
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The Public Suffix List is to get monthly updates of new TLDs:

	=
http://domainincite.com/14378-public-suffix-list-to-get-monthly-new-gtld-u=
pdates

or alternatively

	_publicsuffix.nz.	POL	-	"*.nz"

just saying. =20

Jay

PS yes I know some won't fit, like the 30k long .jp entry

--=20
Jay Daley
Chief Executive
.nz Registry Services (New Zealand Domain Name Registry Limited)
desk: +64 4 931 6977
mobile: +64 21 678840
linkedin: www.linkedin.com/in/jaydaley


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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Making life easier for sherpas with a POL RR
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Jay,

On Sep 3, 2013, at 6:05 PM, Jay Daley <jay@nzrs.net.nz> wrote:
> The Public Suffix List is to get monthly updates of new TLDs:
>=20
> 	=
http://domainincite.com/14378-public-suffix-list-to-get-monthly-new-gtld-u=
pdates
>=20
> or alternatively
>=20
> 	_publicsuffix.nz.	POL	-	"*.nz"
>=20
> just saying. =20

On the one hand, the whole public suffix thing makes me cringe every =
time I think about it (or projectile vomit, depending on how much I =
think about it).

On the other hand, I applaud your efforts to encourage a move from the =
moral equivalent of HOSTS.TXT to the DNS.

On the gripping hand, POL?  We have it on good authority that if you =
want things to work, you have to use TXT.

> PS yes I know some won't fit, like the 30k long .jp entry

Last I checked, 30k would fit in a DNS message (albeit perhaps not a UDP =
one).

Regards,
-drc


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From cas@strotmann.de  Thu Sep  5 00:51:34 2013
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From: Carsten Strotmann <cas@strotmann.de>
To: Carsten Strotmann <carsten@strotmann.de>
References: <E3DE33F3-B0A5-494B-9202-499E16ECCFB1@virtualized.org> <20130819222037.GA55876@mx1.yitter.info> <93130B0B-5C37-45EE-8380-AF209CA54B8F@frobbit.se> <20130820141029.GQ32655@cisco.com> <CED873FD-5833-4986-9915-8A9B5069C33C@hopcount.ca> <521383E9.4080800@strotmann.de>
Date: Thu, 05 Sep 2013 09:51:24 +0200
In-Reply-To: <521383E9.4080800@strotmann.de> (Carsten Strotmann's message of "Tue, 20 Aug 2013 16:57:45 +0200")
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Cc: Pete Resnick <presnick@qualcomm.com>, "dnsext@ietf.org Group" <dnsext@ietf.org>, F@cisco.com, Patrik@cisco.com
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Deprecating SPF
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Hi,

Carsten Strotmann <carsten@strotmann.de> writes:
>
> I did some tests on Windows 2008 (R2) in 2009 or 2010 and found that the
> Microsoft server does support RFC 3597 for zones loaded from a master
> (by zonetransfer) or from a masterfile, but there is no way to add or
> edit the data through the GUI (if is however possible to add the records
> to a plain text DNS master file using a text editor, if I remember
> correctly). I haven't tested zones stored in Active Directory.
>

I have done some tests using the current Windows 2012 DNS Server (I
probably will test Windows 2012R2 later in October, but I don't expect
much difference from the results below. If I find differences, I will
report here).

Test-Setup: 
DNS Master: Fedora 19 Linux with BIND
9.9.3-rl.13207.22-P2-RedHat-9.9.3-5.P2.fc19 (Extended Support Version)

DNS Slave: Windows 2012 GA dns.exe 
Version 6.2.9200.16384

Record Types supported by Windows 2012 GUI:
AFSDB, CNAME, ATMA, DS, DHCID, DNSKEY
DNAME, A, AAAA, HINFO, ISDN, MX, MG
MB, MINFO, NAPTR, NXT, PTR, KEY, MR
RP, RT, SRV, SIG, TXT, WKS, X25

It is not possible (to my knowledge) to add other record types other
than the ones above using the Microsoft GUI or command line utilities. 

Therefore the Windows DNS Server was configured to fetch a master zone
from a BIND DNS Server. The zone on the master contained one SPF and one
TLSA record.

After adding the slave zone to Windows 2012, the Windows DNS server did
a full zonetrasfer (AXFR) from the BIND Master. The zonefile created on
disk contained the SPF and TLSA records in hexadecimal encoded format:

(one long line)
_443._tcp    30 #52 03 00 01 54 fffffff3 fffffffd ffffff87 76 
    32 ffffffa4 1c 65 ffffffb0 ffffffff 4e 50 ffffffe2 54 ffffffdd 7d 18
    73 48 62 31 ffffffdc 6c ffffffd5 ffffffe9 ffffffc1 ffffffc1 ffffff96
    3d 1e 4e 

(one long line)
spf          30 #99 12 76 3d 73 70 66 31 20 2b 61 20 2b 6d 78 20 2d 61
    6c 6c 

After the first AXFR, the Windows DNS Server did reply correctly to SPF
and TLSA queries (tested using "dig").

However, the Windows DNS Server fails to load the written zonefile once
restarted. It complains about unknown RRs. The error messages are
similar than the ones seen for the IXFR below.

After the initial zonetransfer using AXFR, the zonetransfer for changes
are done using IXFR. The same records that could be loaded successfully
using AXFR are now failing:

Error 1 while IXFR from BIND master:
The DNS server encountered an non-writeable or unknown resource record
(RR) type when writing the zone database to file. The event data is
applicable RR type.

Error 2 after IXFR from BIND master: 
The DNS server encountered an unknown or unsupported resource record
(RR) type #99 in zone file example.com.dns at line 24.  Although the
DNS server continues to load, ignoring this RR, it is recommended that
you either correct the record type or remove this RR from the zone
file.  The zone file is located in the %SystemRoot%\System32\Dns
directory.

I have not found a practical way to provision a Windows 2012 DNS Server
with SPF (or TLSA) records.

However it seems as if the Windows 2012 DNS server engine can work with
unknown RRs, but the zone loader/parser and the IXFR code cannot.

It might be interesting to get a statement from Microsoft on the support
of unknown RRs (deliberate decision not support unknown RRs, no demand
from customers, problem not known ...).

Best regards

Carsten




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Date: 5 Sep 2013 16:02:30 -0000
Message-ID: <20130905160230.3448.qmail@joyce.lan>
From: "John Levine" <johnl@taugh.com>
To: dnsext@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Making life easier for sherpas with a POL RR
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>On the gripping hand, POL?  We have it on good authority that if you want things
>to work, you have to use TXT.

At the next IETF, there will likely be a BoF where Andrew Sullivan and
I discuss our DNS versions of the public suffix list.  They're quite
different, because they address quite different problems.

R's,
John

From ietf@rozanak.com  Sun Sep  8 16:23:55 2013
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From: "Hosnieh Rafiee" <ietf@rozanak.com>
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Date: Mon, 9 Sep 2013 01:23:33 +0200
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Subject: [dnsext] cga-tsig new version - clarification of problem statement
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Hello,

I uploaded new version of cga-tsig, I tried to clarify the points and
improved the problem statement. I improved the problem statement section and
also modified the other section. For example, In the case of adding the IP
addresses of other DNS servers manually to the configuration file (DNS
update) or the case where you want to authenticate the resolver (you already
know the IP address of the resolver via a DHCP server or an option in a RA
message), the authentication is based solely on the source IP address. So it
is possible for someone to spoof this IP address and poison the client's DNS
cache. Of course it is possible to use it during a zone transfer as the
authentication is again based on the source IP address if no security
mechanisms are used. If it is used, then there is the other problem of
dealing with the configuration of DNSSEC and TSIG, or shared secret leakage
in TSIG. The purpose of CGA-TSIG is to eliminate these problems and to
reduce the number of manual steps needed to carry out a configuration. I
also explained in the document the case where the DNS server does not
support SeND. So there are two options; it can either generate the CGA
parameters by using any external script and then configure the IP address
and use it as a means for further authentication, or it can generate the key
pairs itself and skip the CGA verification step during the verification
process, which is not secure in PTR or source IP address verification. 

http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-rafiee-intarea-cga-tsig  

I hope that this clarifies the draft. I have tried to respond to your
concerns and I hope that with this version we can move forward.

Thanks,
Best,
Hosnieh
P.S. Sorry if any of you received this message twice.


From paul@nohats.ca  Tue Sep 10 18:15:57 2013
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From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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Subject: [dnsext] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
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FYI,

Let's make DNSSEC on mobile phones possible without hacking dnssec into
X.509 blobs (or JSON or XML)

Paul

-------- Original Message --------
Subject: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
Date: Tue, 10 Sep 2013 18:11:35 -0700
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
To: Paul Wouters <pwouters@redhat.com>


A new version of I-D, draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
has been successfully submitted by Paul Wouters and posted to the
IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query
Revision:	 00
Title:		 TCP chain query requests in DNS
Creation date:	 2013-09-10
Group:		 Individual Submission
Number of pages: 13
URL: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
Status: http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query
Htmlized: http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00


Abstract:
    This document defines an EDNS0 extension that can be used by a DNSSEC
    enabled Recursive Nameserver configured as a forwarder to send a
    single query over TCP requesting to receive a complete validation
    path along with the regular query answer.  Additionally, use of this
    option is considered a request to keep the TCP connection open to
    serve additional DNS requests.  Use of this option significantly
    reduces DNS latency for hosts deploying DNSSEC.





Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

The IETF Secretariat



From each@isc.org  Tue Sep 10 20:45:18 2013
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From: Evan Hunt <each@isc.org>
To: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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On Tue, Sep 10, 2013 at 09:15:46PM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:
> Let's make DNSSEC on mobile phones possible without hacking dnssec into
> X.509 blobs (or JSON or XML)
> 
> Abstract:
>    This document defines an EDNS0 extension that can be used by a DNSSEC
>    enabled Recursive Nameserver configured as a forwarder to send a
>    single query over TCP requesting to receive a complete validation
>    path along with the regular query answer.  Additionally, use of this
>    option is considered a request to keep the TCP connection open to
>    serve additional DNS requests.  Use of this option significantly
>    reduces DNS latency for hosts deploying DNSSEC.

I'm not certain "request DNSSEC chain" and "keep the TCP connection open"
should be combined in a single option, but I support both.

-- 
Evan Hunt -- each@isc.org
Internet Systems Consortium, Inc.

From Jelte.Jansen@sidn.nl  Wed Sep 11 00:29:35 2013
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On 09/11/2013 03:15 AM, Paul Wouters wrote:
> 
> Abstract:
>    This document defines an EDNS0 extension that can be used by a DNSSEC
>    enabled Recursive Nameserver configured as a forwarder to send a
>    single query over TCP requesting to receive a complete validation
>    path along with the regular query answer.  Additionally, use of this
>    option is considered a request to keep the TCP connection open to
>    serve additional DNS requests.  Use of this option significantly
>    reduces DNS latency for hosts deploying DNSSEC.
> 

Want!

Some thoughts after a very quick read:

- It should probably mention what to do with CNAMES (my guess would be
return data until cname and let client requery with chain option for that)
- Depending on above, I don't think *infinite* chains are possible
(though prohibitively long ones are)
- Should there be a considerations section about timeouts?

BTW, I have a sneaking suspicion there also might be a bit of trickery
regarding keys of multiple where some chains are valid and some are not,
but I haven't got a specific example in my head yet.

Jelte

From jabley@hopcount.ca  Wed Sep 11 05:14:02 2013
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
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On 2013-09-10, at 23:44, Evan Hunt <each@isc.org> wrote:

> On Tue, Sep 10, 2013 at 09:15:46PM -0400, Paul Wouters wrote:
>> Let's make DNSSEC on mobile phones possible without hacking dnssec =
into
>> X.509 blobs (or JSON or XML)
>>=20
>> Abstract:
>>   This document defines an EDNS0 extension that can be used by a =
DNSSEC
>>   enabled Recursive Nameserver configured as a forwarder to send a
>>   single query over TCP requesting to receive a complete validation
>>   path along with the regular query answer.  Additionally, use of =
this
>>   option is considered a request to keep the TCP connection open to
>>   serve additional DNS requests.  Use of this option significantly
>>   reduces DNS latency for hosts deploying DNSSEC.
>=20
> I'm not certain "request DNSSEC chain" and "keep the TCP connection =
open"
> should be combined in a single option, but I support both.

Isn't "keep the TCP connection open" superfluous, since in DNS the =
responsibility for closing the socket lies with the client, not the =
server?

A client expecting to receive a multi-message reply will presumably know =
to keep the socket open. A server capable of sending a multi-message =
reply would also know.

RFC 1035:

4.2.2. TCP usage

Messages sent over TCP connections use server port 53 (decimal).  The
message is prefixed with a two byte length field which gives the message
length, excluding the two byte length field.  This length field allows
the low-level processing to assemble a complete message before beginning
to parse it.

Several connection management policies are recommended:

   - The server should not block other activities waiting for TCP
     data.

   - The server should support multiple connections.

   - The server should assume that the client will initiate
     connection closing, and should delay closing its end of the
     connection until all outstanding client requests have been
     satisfied.

   - If the server needs to close a dormant connection to reclaim
     resources, it should wait until the connection has been idle
     for a period on the order of two minutes.  In particular, the
     server should allow the SOA and AXFR request sequence (which
     begins a refresh operation) to be made on a single connection.
     Since the server would be unable to answer queries anyway, a
     unilateral close or reset may be used instead of a graceful
     close.


Joe=

From tale@dd.org  Wed Sep 11 07:49:07 2013
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Joe Abley writes:
> Isn't "keep the TCP connection open" superfluous, since in DNS the
> responsibility for closing the socket lies with the client, not the
> server? 

Yes, and no.  This is definitely what the spec says,.  For years many
operators have believed it to be a misfeature of the original spec and
have subverted it in various ways, including short timeouts before the
server kills the connection if a client EOF is not forthcoming.

It would be useful to have a way to negotiate the TCP connection
behavior, including options like signalling that the server may close
the connection as soon as the response is sent, or that the client
wants to send more than one request.  I don't think this meaning
should be bundled into the DNSSEC chain query option, however.


From jabley@hopcount.ca  Wed Sep 11 08:31:21 2013
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On 2013-09-11, at 10:48, Dave Lawrence <tale@dd.org> wrote:

> It would be useful to have a way to negotiate the TCP connection
> behavior, including options like signalling that the server may close
> the connection as soon as the response is sent, or that the client
> wants to send more than one request.  I don't think this meaning
> should be bundled into the DNSSEC chain query option, however.

So, perhaps an EDNS0 option that allows some degree of capabilities =
negotiation (client says I can do { x, y, z }, server may provide =
responses with similar options, client issues test query over first =
message sent on newly-opened TCP socket to catalogue capabilities).

This might also be a way to signal the availability of other transports =
like SCTP or HTTP.


Joe=

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From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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On Wed, 11 Sep 2013, Dave Lawrence wrote:

> Joe Abley writes:
>> Isn't "keep the TCP connection open" superfluous, since in DNS the
>> responsibility for closing the socket lies with the client, not the
>> server?
>
> Yes, and no.  This is definitely what the spec says,.  For years many
> operators have believed it to be a misfeature of the original spec and
> have subverted it in various ways, including short timeouts before the
> server kills the connection if a client EOF is not forthcoming.
>
> It would be useful to have a way to negotiate the TCP connection
> behavior, including options like signalling that the server may close
> the connection as soon as the response is sent, or that the client
> wants to send more than one request.  I don't think this meaning
> should be bundled into the DNSSEC chain query option, however.

I've heard several people tell me this now and I agree. The question is:

1) do we want to clarify in a separate draft that the TCP connection
    can remain open for re-use?

2) do we want to use another edns0 option to ask the server to keep the
    TCP connection, which the server indicates by returning this option
    in its TCP reply?

It seems to be 2) is probably a better idea, and I'm happy to write that
up in a separate document.

Paul

From paul@nohats.ca  Wed Sep 11 08:56:57 2013
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From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
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On Wed, 11 Sep 2013, Joe Abley wrote:

> So, perhaps an EDNS0 option that allows some degree of capabilities negotiation (client says I can do { x, y, z }, server may provide responses with similar options, client issues test query over first message sent on newly-opened TCP socket to catalogue capabilities).
>
> This might also be a way to signal the availability of other transports like SCTP or HTTP.

I'd prefer an option for just TCP so this doesn't end up getting
bikeshedded. The client is (presumbly) already using TCP to connect.

(also dns over http is just a bad hack that should not be needed. Let's
not multiplex the entire internet over port 80/443)

Paul

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From: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
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To: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
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On 2013-09-11, at 11:56, Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:

> On Wed, 11 Sep 2013, Joe Abley wrote:
>=20
>> So, perhaps an EDNS0 option that allows some degree of capabilities =
negotiation (client says I can do { x, y, z }, server may provide =
responses with similar options, client issues test query over first =
message sent on newly-opened TCP socket to catalogue capabilities).
>>=20
>> This might also be a way to signal the availability of other =
transports like SCTP or HTTP.
>=20
> I'd prefer an option for just TCP so this doesn't end up getting
> bikeshedded. The client is (presumbly) already using TCP to connect.

I'd prefer a more general option that would allow more connection =
parameters to be advertised in future, if/when they become interesting. =
Assigning one code point to "persistent TCP connection capable" could =
leave the door open in future for bikeshedding, but since that seems =
inevitable anyway, what's the harm?

I'm keen/able to contribute text to such a document (separate from =
edns-tcp-chain-query), if you'd like a co-author.


Joe


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From: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
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To: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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Subject: Re: [dnsext] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
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Hey,

Having now spent more than 15 seconds thinking about this...

On 2013-09-11, at 11:54, Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:

> On Wed, 11 Sep 2013, Dave Lawrence wrote:
>=20
>> It would be useful to have a way to negotiate the TCP connection
>> behavior, including options like signalling that the server may close
>> the connection as soon as the response is sent, or that the client
>> wants to send more than one request.  I don't think this meaning
>> should be bundled into the DNSSEC chain query option, however.
>=20
> I've heard several people tell me this now and I agree. The question =
is:
>=20
> 1) do we want to clarify in a separate draft that the TCP connection
>   can remain open for re-use?

Given that this apparently breaks assumptions already present in =
widely-deployed software, that sounds like an uphill battle.

> 2) do we want to use another edns0 option to ask the server to keep =
the

>   TCP connection, which the server indicates by returning this option
>   in its TCP reply?

I think yes, and upon >15 seconds of reflection I can't think of a =
reason why you'd want such an option to be more general than this =
specific functionality. Other transport-related signalling can use =
different edns0 options.

> It seems to be 2) is probably a better idea, and I'm happy to write =
that
> up in a separate document.

Agree.


Joe=

From bdickson@verisign.com  Wed Sep 11 10:37:12 2013
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From: "Dickson, Brian" <bdickson@verisign.com>
To: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>, Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Thread-Topic: [dnsext] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
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Top-reply (sorry) - agree, sounds great, willing to review and/or
contribute ideas/text.

BTW - suggestion: include (from the server) info about maximum idle time
of an open connection.
E.g. no guarantees if you try to use this without keepalives and after 5
minutes has passed.
This will often correspond to reaping state on state-ful load balancers.
Knowing $REAP_TIME may make operational improvements on implementations
where the option has been negotiated.
Unusual values of $REAP_TIME may even suggest altering the keep-alive
interval on the TCP socket, per server.

Brian

On 9/11/13 1:00 PM, "Joe Abley" <jabley@hopcount.ca> wrote:

>Hey,
>
>Having now spent more than 15 seconds thinking about this...
>
>On 2013-09-11, at 11:54, Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:
>
>> On Wed, 11 Sep 2013, Dave Lawrence wrote:
>>=20
>>> It would be useful to have a way to negotiate the TCP connection
>>> behavior, including options like signalling that the server may close
>>> the connection as soon as the response is sent, or that the client
>>> wants to send more than one request.  I don't think this meaning
>>> should be bundled into the DNSSEC chain query option, however.
>>=20
>> I've heard several people tell me this now and I agree. The question is:
>>=20
>> 1) do we want to clarify in a separate draft that the TCP connection
>>   can remain open for re-use?
>
>Given that this apparently breaks assumptions already present in
>widely-deployed software, that sounds like an uphill battle.
>
>> 2) do we want to use another edns0 option to ask the server to keep the
>
>>   TCP connection, which the server indicates by returning this option
>>   in its TCP reply?
>
>I think yes, and upon >15 seconds of reflection I can't think of a reason
>why you'd want such an option to be more general than this specific
>functionality. Other transport-related signalling can use different edns0
>options.
>
>> It seems to be 2) is probably a better idea, and I'm happy to write that
>> up in a separate document.
>
>Agree.
>
>
>Joe
>_______________________________________________
>dnsext mailing list
>dnsext@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/dnsext


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Date: Wed, 11 Sep 2013 14:29:59 -0400 (EDT)
From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
To: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
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Cc: DNSEXT Group Working <dnsext@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
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On Wed, 11 Sep 2013, Joe Abley wrote:

> I think yes, and upon >15 seconds of reflection I can't think of a reason why you'd want such an option to be more general than this specific functionality. Other transport-related signalling can use different edns0 options.
>
>> It seems to be 2) is probably a better idea, and I'm happy to write that
>> up in a separate document.

Okay. I'll draft it up. The only real choice I see is the relaying a
time period, but that seems silly. Either party might change it mind
depending on work and load, so I think it should just be a binary
on/off.

However, I think we should allow the option to be queried/advertised
over UDP. It would actually allow the client to know about the TCP
capability without actually wasting a TCP session.

Paul

From paul@nohats.ca  Wed Sep 11 11:36:52 2013
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Date: Wed, 11 Sep 2013 14:36:42 -0400 (EDT)
From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
To: "Dickson, Brian" <bdickson@verisign.com>
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Cc: DNSEXT Group Working <dnsext@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [dnsext] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-wouters-edns-tcp-chain-query-00.txt
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On Wed, 11 Sep 2013, Dickson, Brian wrote:

> Top-reply (sorry) - agree, sounds great, willing to review and/or
> contribute ideas/text.
>
> BTW - suggestion: include (from the server) info about maximum idle time
> of an open connection.
> E.g. no guarantees if you try to use this without keepalives and after 5
> minutes has passed.
> This will often correspond to reaping state on state-ful load balancers.
> Knowing $REAP_TIME may make operational improvements on implementations
> where the option has been negotiated.
> Unusual values of $REAP_TIME may even suggest altering the keep-alive
> interval on the TCP socket, per server.

I was leaning towards not signaling the time period, but I see no harm
in passing along the information from the server to the client.

Paul

From jabley@hopcount.ca  Wed Sep 11 12:57:38 2013
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From: Joe Abley <jabley@hopcount.ca>
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On 2013-09-11, at 14:29, Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:

> However, I think we should allow the option to be queried/advertised
> over UDP. It would actually allow the client to know about the TCP
> capability without actually wasting a TCP session.

I agree. Regardless of the fact that the transport capability being =
signalled is TCP-specific, the capability advertisement should be =
transport-agnostic.


Joe=
