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test 1

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From: Gonzalo Camarillo <Gonzalo.Camarillo@lmf.ericsson.se>
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Subject: [Sipping-emergency] Emergency Calls Team
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Hello,

I have already set up the mailing list and the web page for the
Emergency Call design team.

sipping-emergency@ietf.org

http://www.softarmor.com/sipping/teams/emergency/

This message is also a TEST for the mailing list. Please, let me know if
you have received this message.

Thanks,

Gonzalo
_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency



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Subject: [Sipping-emergency] Re: SIPPING and Emergency calls
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James,

I have just subscribed you to the mailing list of the design team and
added your name to the web page.

http://www.softarmor.com/sipping/teams/emergency/

Thanks for your interest,

Gonzalo

"James M. Polk" wrote:
> 
> Guys
> 
> Jon Peterson just mentioned to me that there was a call last Friday
> regarding setting up a SIPPING design team for Emergency calls. Glad he
> did, because I have an ID partially written that is a framework ID for
> 911-like services into SIPPING. This leverages Henning's sos@ ID and
> related work regarding location from recent Geopriv efforts (I recently
> submitted an ID on the requirements for a SIP Coordinate Location Header).
> I was going to float this Emergency ID to a few people (including Henning)
> later this week/weekend for comments and/or contributions. It is not ready
> to submit by any means, currently.
> 
> Please don't take this as preemptive (meaning I want to be the center of
> this) - I am just mentioning this area of focus of mine (as I did to
> Henning in Atlanta) to inform the chairs of my work.
> 
> Jon did mention a SIPPING Emergency Design team - and I want to be part of
> this team if possible.
> 
> comments
> 
> cheers,
> James
> 
>                *************************************
> "People generally demand more respect for their own rights than
>                           they are willing to allow for others"
_______________________________________________
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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency



From mailnull@www1.ietf.org  Mon Feb 17 08:20:55 2003
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Subject: [Sipping-emergency] Limberly joins the team
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Folks,

I have just added Kimberly King to this mailing list. For a list of
current members of the design team see:

http://www.softarmor.com/sipping/teams/emergency/

Regards,

Gonzalo
_______________________________________________
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From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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Subject: [Sipping-emergency] First rough draft on emergency call requirements
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http://www.cs.columbia.edu/sip/drafts/draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00.pdf

I'm sure it's missing a lot, but it's at least a target to shoot at. I 
plan to wait with submission until at least the initial flood of 
comments has come in...

Henning

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All

Since I wasn't in the initial concall for this list's creation, can I ask 
what the general scope is of this design team?

Is it SIP for e911/112 (sos@)?

Is it SIP for all Emergency Services (GETS, IEPREP, GTPS, FEMA, etc)?

Is it SIP for Gov/Military Preferential Emergency Communications (MLPP)?

Any combination of the 3 listed above?

The first 3 of the above qualify as "emergency", but in reading Henning's 
draft, that ID seems much skewed towards only the 1st case above, yet it is 
similar to this new list's name.

I'm just looking for guidance and boundaries, folks

cheers,
James

               *************************************
"People generally demand more respect for their own rights than
                          they are willing to allow for others"

_______________________________________________
Sipping-emergency mailing list
Sipping-emergency@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency



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Date: Mon, 17 Feb 2003 18:04:41 -0500
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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I'll answer the easy ones...

James M. Polk wrote:
> All
> 

> Is it SIP for e911/112 (sos@)?

Yes.

> 
> Is it SIP for all Emergency Services (GETS, IEPREP, GTPS, FEMA, etc)?

No. Despite the common word 'emergency', these two have very little to 
do with each other, in my opinion.

> 
> Is it SIP for Gov/Military Preferential Emergency Communications (MLPP)?

No.

> 
> Any combination of the 3 listed above?

I really don't want to replicate IEPREP. That already is a highly 
effective working group.

> 
> The first 3 of the above qualify as "emergency", but in reading 
> Henning's draft, that ID seems much skewed towards only the 1st case 
> above, yet it is similar to this new list's name.
> 
> I'm just looking for guidance and boundaries, folks

Given that this confusion seems to be perennial, Gonzalo might want to 
update the web page.

> 
> cheers,
> James
> 
>               *************************************
> "People generally demand more respect for their own rights than
>                          they are willing to allow for others"
> 

_______________________________________________
Sipping-emergency mailing list
Sipping-emergency@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency



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To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
From: "James M. Polk" <jmpolk@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] General Question about Scope of this
  list
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At 06:04 PM 2/17/2003 -0500, Henning Schulzrinne wrote:


>Given that this confusion seems to be perennial, Gonzalo might want to 
>update the web page.

Might not be a bad idea to have a piece of text explaining what this design 
team is working on - and what is considered out of scope.


>>cheers,
>>James
>>               *************************************
>>"People generally demand more respect for their own rights than
>>                          they are willing to allow for others"
>


cheers,
James

               *************************************
"People generally demand more respect for their own rights than
                          they are willing to allow for others"

_______________________________________________
Sipping-emergency mailing list
Sipping-emergency@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency



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Henning,

> Given that this confusion seems to be perennial, Gonzalo might want to
> update the web page.

Does it look clearer now?

http://www.softarmor.com/sipping/teams/emergency/

Gonzalo
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Unfortunately, I have received no comments on 
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/sip/drafts/draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00.pdf

Since the deadline for -00 I-Ds is Monday morning, I will submit the 
draft as is.

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From: "King, Kimberly  S." <KIMBERLY.S.KING@saic.com>
To: "'Henning Schulzrinne'" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>, sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Sipping-emergency] draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00
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>Unfortunately, I have received no comments on 
>http://www.cs.columbia.edu/sip/drafts/draft-schulzrinne-sipping
>-emergency-req-00.pdf

I'm sorry Henning.  There are some items that aren't clear to me but I feel
the problem may be with me and wanted to read it again to be fair to you.

Kimberly

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Date: Fri, 21 Feb 2003 10:56:58 -0500
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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This draft was completed yesterday:

http://www.cs.columbia.edu/sip/drafts/NENA_TID_IP_PSAP_I-F_DRAFT.doc

I will be selectively citing some of the call setup-related requirements 
in the requirements draft. The draft was written by a group consisting 
of traditional telephony contributors, operational personnel and 
vendor-affiliated folks, so not all the sections are written at the same 
level.

Henning

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At 09:18 AM 2/21/2003 -0500, Henning Schulzrinne wrote:
>Unfortunately, I have received no comments on 
>http://www.cs.columbia.edu/sip/drafts/draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00.pdf
>
>Since the deadline for -00 I-Ds is Monday morning, I will submit the draft 
>as is.

sorry about the timing. I will send you comments today (FRIDAY).... I've 
been caught in several other battles that were to do with my writing 
something, and to be honest, those took priority. I should be finishing 
those up this afternoon, and can dedicate some time to your draft in time 
for you to review them.


>_______________________________________________
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>Sipping-emergency@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency


cheers,
James

               *************************************
"People generally demand more respect for their own rights than
                          they are willing to allow for others"

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At 09:18 AM 2/21/2003 -0500, Henning Schulzrinne wrote:
>Unfortunately, I have received no comments on 
>http://www.cs.columbia.edu/sip/drafts/draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00.pdf
>
>Since the deadline for -00 I-Ds is Monday morning, I will submit the draft 
>as is.

Henning (and all)

Because I've had much writing of my own this past few weeks, and with the 
deadline approaching for -00 IDs, I apologize for this coming so late.

Here are a few questions and comments regrading this ID:

#1 - From the Abstract: you mention MEGACO and H.323 (not an IETF protocol) 
- yet MGCP is used a fair amount for IP control within the US.

#2 -  PSAP stands for "Public Safety Answering Point" (not "...Service 
Access..."). I was corrected recently too by our NENA engineer within Cisco.

#3 - "Emergency call center (ECC): An emergency call center (ECC) receives 
emergency calls within a specific geographic area..."

Comment: London has what you refer to as ECCs, but the have all calls from 
the surrounding regional area come into a single center, the Call taker(s) 
determines where the call is coming from, then the emergency personnel are 
dispatched to the appropriate location from that centralized ECC. In other 
words, local emergency personnel are not called, they are dispatched by the 
ECC in London.

This might be a subtle difference to your intent, but it is fairly 
different than the US model where you call (or are patched through to) the 
local ECC.

#4 - From section 4 "Last Mile" you have omitted Cable access. I mention 
this because existing HFC Broadband connectivity can be as much as 100 
miles away from the MSO Headend facility. This could easily have an affect 
on which ECC (PSAP is appropriate to contact). This is in contrast to DSL 
which is typically limited to 22,000 ft from the CO, with most not possible 
at distances greater than 15,000 due to the poor cables in the ground. This 
limits the jurisdictional boundaries that can be crossed by this technology.

#5 - Also from section 4 "Last Mile"

I don't believe CAMA trunks should be "....so called..." as you do in the 
second paragraph of the indented paragraph there

#6 - From M8" ...from the selective router."

Comment: Is this functionality (or device) used outside North America. If 
it is NA exclusive, the text should state that; possibly with a caveat with 
something to the effect of ".... and similar functionality utilized in 
other parts of the world."

If the Selective Router is used throughout the world (or at least a lot of 
it), then the text could state that.

Another comment: "Selective Router" is an undefined term at this point, and 
not know to too many people within the IETF (if even a handful).

#7 - From M10 "Confidentiality" I think the word MUST is a problem. I 
believe this should be the goal, but not it if causes the call to fail, or 
be delayed. I believe this should be a SHOULD, and state that this is a 
goal, with some provision to determine that if a call is the threshold of 
stability due to this function, that it should be abandoned in place of 
receiving the call in the clear.

#8 - Suggested text for consideration (likely in the Intro, as it has to do 
with everything further into this document):

"Current North American Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) want 3 
things during a traditional E911 call (in this order of importance):

    - The call completed
    - The callback number
    - The location of the caller

For that call to occur over IP, 5 things are likely to be needed:

    - Proper call routing to the PSAP(based on caller location)
    - The call
    - Any priority flags
    - The location of the caller
    - A valid (should be verifiable) Contact Header (or mandatory Via 
header of the UAC and any/all Proxies involved in the call routing) for 
callback

What's not so obvious is whether there needs to be further (any?) security 
involved that could fail the call. If security considerations are 
necessary, with the full realization that the emergency call could fail if 
they are not met, then the following is the minimum to be included in the 
list above:

    - Assurance that none of the signaling (headers) have been munged"

This is from my unpublished framework ID on this subject, but it could be 
easily used in this doc. I would stress that at least the first 3 bullets 
are included here, as this is exactly what PSAPs want today.

#9 - From section 5

"End-to-end emergency calls originate on an Internet device, traverse IP 
networks and terminate on an IP capable ECC (IECC)."

Comment: this can be a moderately misleading statement. The most likely 
event or infrastructure will have the Emergency call hit the first Proxy 
and then travel straight to the local IECC (and not across the Internet - 
which most people define as traffic passing between two Tier 1 ISPs). If 
the Proxy is not local to the UA, then the issue of how this non-local 
proxy will know where the local PSAP is relative to this UA making the 
emergency call.

#10 - From Section 5.2, 2nd sentence:

"... ECCs only serve a small region ..." This isn't true in London that I 
know of. I don't know the exact nature of other major cities in Europe of 
Asia. Regardless, this statement made is not universally true, and has a 
major example where it isn't. Text couching this statement is recommended.

#11 - From section 5.2, 2nd paragraph, 3rd sentence:

"In caller-based resolution, the caller's UA consults a directory and 
determines the correct IECC based on its location."

Comment: This is omitting the possibility of a Geopriv WG ID (you're aware 
of) and another ID you wrote in which the UA could have its location "feed" 
to in upon boot-up (via DHCP). Both IDs state that if the UA has its 
Geo-Loc present in the UA, some future functionality in SIP (not defined 
yet) could include the location information in a Header or MIME body, and 
not need this look-up (nor does it have to determine anything - as the 
location information is "just there" in the UA.

#12 - also from section 5.2, 2nd paragraph, last sentence:

"(It appears undesirable to have either the UA or every outbound proxy 
server contain a copy of
the location-to-ECC mapping since this table changes frequently.)"

Question: How often do any of these stated 5000 PSAPs move (as you elude to 
with this above comment)?

#13 - Also from section 5.2, last paragraph

"Depending on the location, any of several ten thousand destinations could 
be valid."

comment: this seems to contradict the 5000 PSAPs within the US, unless you 
are referring to the total number of PSAP-like IECC and ECCs that exist 
throughout the world. If so, a brief mention of this would relieve 
confusion regarding this seemingly out of place number of destinations.

Further, I believe it will be a burden on the Proxy to properly route the 
call regardless of how many destinations there can be. Having the location 
contained within the UA helps this. marrying some cross-functional code 
between SIP and either Geopriv or the available L2 (wireless) technology to 
determine the UA's location will greatly help this effort.

I believe jurisdictions will demand this functionality - and it will not be 
easy.

#14 - From I1:

"The system MUST reach the correct IECC regardless of the location of the 
caller."

I believe must be restated to:
"The system MUST reach the correct IECC with respect to the location of the 
caller."

#15 - From I8: Call setup latency

Comment: This requirement is the first to elude to the concept of the Proxy 
having to know what to do with UAs and their coordinates (and the look-ups).

This leads into a new requirement that I haven't seen yet from section 5: 
If the UA has its location, regardless of where the Proxy is, there is a 
need for the (or any) Proxy to know which PSAP to route the call to based 
on this location information.

#16 - From I9:

"A mandatory-to-implement protocol..."

seems like a partial sentence

#17 - From 5.3, 2nd paragraph, last sentence

"Emergency numbers are generally not meant for anonymous tips. [TBD: Are 
there any exceptions?]"

This is a viable and often used mechanism from pay phones within urban 
cities to quitely inform the police about something the call wants them to 
be aware of, yet have no record of who called (like calling in where a drug 
deal occurred or is about to occur).

#18 - From section 5.4, first paragraph

you earlier exploded the acronym ANI, but haven't for ALI here.

#19 - observation at this point in the document

I've made a few comments about Location of the caller, and this is the 
first real text that covers the subject. Therefore, I'd suggest that the 
Introduction briefly go through what section each general topic will be 
covered in (instead of having the reader read the whole ID before knowing a 
certain topic is indeed covered).

#20 - A new Requirement that I haven't read here (and one that should be 
considered for section 5.2, else section 5.4): If the UA provides its 
location (coordinate or civil), or the first (or any) Proxy knows (or 
learns by some other means) the location of the UA making the emergency 
call, it MUST route the call to the appropriate ECC or IECC.

This is hinted at, and talked around, but I think it should be stated for 
formally and robustly.
++++++++++++++++++++++++

this is from my first pass at the doc, I might have a few redundant 
comments or questions, or some out of place - this is likely cause by the 
lack of the intro explaining where each general topic will be covered 
(Comment # 19).

If you've already published this ID, I'll reproduce this list of questions 
on the main SIPPING list for general discussion.




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cheers,
James

               *************************************
"People generally demand more respect for their own rights than
                          they are willing to allow for others"

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To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>, sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency] draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00 
In-Reply-To: Message from "James M. Polk" <jmpolk@cisco.com> 
   of "Sat, 22 Feb 2003 13:54:38 CST." <4.3.2.7.2.20030222120157.024467d0@localhost> 
Date: Sat, 22 Feb 2003 14:23:33 -0800
From: Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com>
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Henning, 

Apologies for not paying enough attention to this list.  I am somewhat
concerned with the scope of your requirements.  We had an AD/Chair discussion
of restricting initial work to Last-Mile, with explanation of the benefit
of an initial, fairly tractable and useful problem set.   This is not following
that restriction.

Allison
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Allison,

if you're referring to our joint phone discussion (the only one I was in 
on), I took away from that conversation that requirements for both 
aspects were needed. Indeed, I believe that we're seriously 
short-changing needed developments if we can't get to work on the 
end-to-end requirements soon. Last-mile will not support VoIP terminals 
except if these are in local PBX-mode only (i.e., attached to a PSTN 
gateway in the same building or on the same campus). While public 
IP-accessible ECC may still be a few years away, private arrangements, 
either similar to onStar or corporate/campus security centers, seem 
likely sooner than that.

For what it's worth, the last-mile requirements are essentially the same 
requirements as a PBX with ACD.

Henning

Allison Mankin wrote:
> Henning, 
> 
> Apologies for not paying enough attention to this list.  I am somewhat
> concerned with the scope of your requirements.  We had an AD/Chair discussion
> of restricting initial work to Last-Mile, with explanation of the benefit
> of an initial, fairly tractable and useful problem set.   This is not following
> that restriction.
> 
> Allison

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To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency] draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00 
In-Reply-To: Message from Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu> 
   of "Sat, 22 Feb 2003 17:40:21 EST." <3E57FC55.9090007@cs.columbia.edu> 
Date: Sat, 22 Feb 2003 14:54:10 -0800
From: Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com>
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Henning,

The problem with expressing all the requirements is that it
will not guide the work and discussion on the shorter-term goals
properly.

Allison
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The last-mile requirements are in a separate section, so I'm not sure I 
see the problem. (Besides, quite frankly, I'm not sure what needs to be 
done, SIP-wise, for the short-term issues. As I said, this is 
effectively an ACD with conference recording. It might be useful to say 
that, but I think we might make some progress if we can identify, at 
least within the design team, the likely areas needing work for the 
last-mile case. There are, to be sure, other useful ways to apply IP in 
the last-mile case, but those are effectively geopriv territory, namely 
the authorized retrieval of location information given an E.164 identifier.)

Allison Mankin wrote:
> Henning,
> 
> The problem with expressing all the requirements is that it
> will not guide the work and discussion on the shorter-term goals
> properly.
> 
> Allison

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> Because I've had much writing of my own this past few weeks, and with 
> the deadline approaching for -00 IDs, I apologize for this coming so late.

Thanks for your extensive comments. Remarks inline where needed. I'll 
split my response to keep things manageable.

> #3 - "Emergency call center (ECC): An emergency call center (ECC) 
> receives emergency calls within a specific geographic area..."
> 
> Comment: London has what you refer to as ECCs, but the have all calls 
> from the surrounding regional area come into a single center, the Call 
> taker(s) determines where the call is coming from, then the emergency 
> personnel are dispatched to the appropriate location from that 
> centralized ECC. In other words, local emergency personnel are not 
> called, they are dispatched by the ECC in London.
> 
> This might be a subtle difference to your intent, but it is fairly 
> different than the US model where you call (or are patched through to) 
> the local ECC.

Hmm, isn't that the same as having a large regional PSAP in the US? I 
think they are called consolidated PSAP.

Thus, I'm not sure how my definition contradicts the London example - 
the London ECC "receives emergency calls within a specific geographic 
area and
dispatches emergency services, such as fire, police and rescue services."

> 
> #4 - From section 4 "Last Mile" you have omitted Cable access. I mention 
> this because existing HFC Broadband connectivity can be as much as 100 
> miles away from the MSO Headend facility. This could easily have an 
> affect on which ECC (PSAP is appropriate to contact). This is in 
> contrast to DSL which is typically limited to 22,000 ft from the CO, 
> with most not possible at distances greater than 15,000 due to the poor 
> cables in the ground. This limits the jurisdictional boundaries that can 
> be crossed by this technology.

Actually, last-mile is not visible to the "subscriber", so DSL or 
whatever are simply the way that the ECC connects to the PSTN selective 
router. (I suspect US PSAPs would not choose a cable modem as their 
access technology, but that's a discussion we don't need to have here.) 
Maybe your remark hints at a broader lack of common understanding what 
'last mile' means. I'm referring to the model described in the NENA TID 
that I sent around yesterday, where IP only replaces the analog or 
digital trunk from the last switch to the PSAP. In that model, there is 
no way that a subscriber can directly send a SIP request to the PSAP.

You obviously raise a good point that illustrates that even in a 
near-term deployment of VoIP over a current cable plant causes 
difficulties for the last-mile model. (In NJ, the bastion of home rule, 
a PSAP might cover only one square mile, so we get DSL service out of a 
neighboring community.)

to be continued

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> #6 - From M8" ...from the selective router."
> 
> Comment: Is this functionality (or device) used outside North America. 
> If it is NA exclusive, the text should state that; possibly with a 
> caveat with something to the effect of ".... and similar functionality 
> utilized in other parts of the world."

I don't know whether this is a NA term. I qualified it.

> 
> If the Selective Router is used throughout the world (or at least a lot 
> of it), then the text could state that.

Given the lack of documentation on emergency call network architectures, 
I suspect we'll be hard-pressed to find out for sure. I'm hoping that 
somebody in the larger SIPPING community can suggest appropriate I18N 
terminology.

> 
> Another comment: "Selective Router" is an undefined term at this point, 
> and not know to too many people within the IETF (if even a handful).

Defined, by cribbing from the NENA master glossary:

(E9-1-1) Control
Office
The Central Office that provides the tandem switching of 9-1-1calls. It 
controls
delivery of the voice call with ANI to the PSAP and provides Selective 
Routing,
Speed Calling, Selective Transfer, Fixed Transfer, and certain 
maintenance functions
for each PSAP. Also known as 9-1-1 Selective Routing Tandem or Selective 
Router.

> 
> #7 - From M10 "Confidentiality" I think the word MUST is a problem. I 
> believe this should be the goal, but not it if causes the call to fail, 
> or be delayed. I believe this should be a SHOULD, and state that this is 
> a goal, with some provision to determine that if a call is the threshold 
> of stability due to this function, that it should be abandoned in place 
> of receiving the call in the clear.

Since the IETF can only specify "must implement", rather than "must 
use", I should have stated this as an implementation constraint. 
Reworded as "Implementations MUST support confidentiality".

TBCont'd.

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>    - Proper call routing to the PSAP(based on caller location)
>    - The call
>    - Any priority flags

Since the call is already identified as an emergency call, I don't see 
the need for any additional flags. (Adding such a flag mechanism would 
introduce additional attack vectors, for example.)

>    - The location of the caller
>    - A valid (should be verifiable) Contact Header (or mandatory Via 
> header of the UAC and any/all Proxies involved in the call routing) for 
> callback

These items are enumerated in the beginning of the end-to-end section. 
They do not apply to the last-mile architecture.

> 
> What's not so obvious is whether there needs to be further (any?) 
> security involved that could fail the call. If security considerations 
> are necessary, with the full realization that the emergency call could 
> fail if they are not met, then the following is the minimum to be 
> included in the list above:
> 
>    - Assurance that none of the signaling (headers) have been munged"
> 
> This is from my unpublished framework ID on this subject, but it could 
> be easily used in this doc. I would stress that at least the first 3 
> bullets are included here, as this is exactly what PSAPs want today.

Noted. Added 'integrity' under call setup.

> 
> #9 - From section 5
> 
> "End-to-end emergency calls originate on an Internet device, traverse IP 
> networks and terminate on an IP capable ECC (IECC)."
> 
> Comment: this can be a moderately misleading statement. The most likely 
> event or infrastructure will have the Emergency call hit the first Proxy 
> and then travel straight to the local IECC (and not across the Internet 
> - which most people define as traffic passing between two Tier 1 ISPs). 

Where is that Internet definition from? I would define anything that's 
on an IP network connected to the global Internet as an Internet device.

> If the Proxy is not local to the UA, then the issue of how this 
> non-local proxy will know where the local PSAP is relative to this UA 
> making the emergency call.

Indeed.

> 
> #10 - From Section 5.2, 2nd sentence:
> 
> "... ECCs only serve a small region ..." This isn't true in London that 
> I know of. I don't know the exact nature of other major cities in Europe 
> of Asia. Regardless, this statement made is not universally true, and 
> has a major example where it isn't. Text couching this statement is 
> recommended.

removed 'small'

> 
> #11 - From section 5.2, 2nd paragraph, 3rd sentence:
> 
> "In caller-based resolution, the caller's UA consults a directory and 
> determines the correct IECC based on its location."
> 
> Comment: This is omitting the possibility of a Geopriv WG ID (you're 
> aware of) and another ID you wrote in which the UA could have its 
> location "feed" to in upon boot-up (via DHCP). Both IDs state that if 
> the UA has its Geo-Loc present in the UA, some future functionality in 
> SIP (not defined yet) could include the location information in a Header 
> or MIME body, and not need this look-up (nor does it have to determine 
> anything - as the location information is "just there" in the UA.

Note that the text speaks of finding the correct IECC, not of 
determining the location. The idea is that if a UA knows its location 
(via whatever means, including the ones you mention), it can directly 
query a location-to-IECC mapping service and then contact the IECC. This 
model has trust advantages since the UA can choose whatever mapping 
service it considers trustworthy ahead of time, get back a reply it can 
trust (since it presumably has made sure it's talking to the right 
directory service) and can then easily use standard server 
authentication mechanism to detect that it is indeed talking to the 
desired IECC. This makes the trust problem much more tractable. In 
effect, the caller gets to choose its "PSAP certifying authority" 
without every PSAP having to be accredited by one certifying authority. 
I'm hoping that this type of mechanism is both implementable and can 
allay the fears of Jon of talking to the corner PSAP run by the Sopranos.


> 
> #12 - also from section 5.2, 2nd paragraph, last sentence:
> 
> "(It appears undesirable to have either the UA or every outbound proxy 
> server contain a copy of
> the location-to-ECC mapping since this table changes frequently.)"
> 
> Question: How often do any of these stated 5000 PSAPs move (as you elude 
> to with this above comment)?

I hope you don't expect me to know that :-) I suspect that they don't 
move often, but consolidations, in particular, seem not uncommon. Also, 
you'd not only need all 5,000 US PSAPs, but every PSAP-equivalent in the 
world. Since you probably don't want to download the whole table over a 
wireless interface each time two PSAPs merge, you then need a 
synchronization mechanism. I suspect this can all be done (after all, 
this isn't all that different than downloading a version of Zagat's on 
your PDA and there are lots more restaurants in NYC than they are PSAPs, 
I suspect...), so I'll mention it as a possibility.


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> Further, I believe it will be a burden on the Proxy to properly route 
> the call regardless of how many destinations there can be. Having the 
> location contained within the UA helps this. marrying some 
> cross-functional code between SIP and either Geopriv or the available L2 
> (wireless) technology to determine the UA's location will greatly help 
> this effort.
> 
> I believe jurisdictions will demand this functionality - and it will not 
> be easy.

I don't think this is a big issue. We have running code for that, at 
least for the US (using a company that has a proprietary interface 
database that offers a geo-to-jurisdiction mapping). Indeed, existing 
telematics services such as OnStar use such mapping services, so this 
seems like a manageable problem on the user end. It's much harder on the 
backend if you want to support several competing providers of such 
translation services - you essentially get back to the 
registrar-registry problem for DNS. I suspect that this is far beyond 
where we want to go in this effort.


> #15 - From I8: Call setup latency
> 
> Comment: This requirement is the first to elude to the concept of the 
> Proxy having to know what to do with UAs and their coordinates (and the 
> look-ups).
> 
> This leads into a new requirement that I haven't seen yet from section 
> 5: If the UA has its location, regardless of where the Proxy is, there 
> is a need for the (or any) Proxy to know which PSAP to route the call to 
> based on this location information.

Yes, I considered that implied in the mediated model, but I amplified this.

> 
> #17 - From 5.3, 2nd paragraph, last sentence
> 
> "Emergency numbers are generally not meant for anonymous tips. [TBD: Are 
> there any exceptions?]"
> 
> This is a viable and often used mechanism from pay phones within urban 
> cities to quitely inform the police about something the call wants them 
> to be aware of, yet have no record of who called (like calling in where 
> a drug deal occurred or is about to occur).

If we do get SIP payphones, they'd convey the same information as today: 
the identity of the payphone and its location (since there's no need for 
personal authentication), so I guess this doesn't seem to raise any new 
issues.

My TBD referred to the question as to whether there are jurisdictions 
that allow terminal selective anonymity, but I guess this question is 
unanswerable.

> #19 - observation at this point in the document
> 
> I've made a few comments about Location of the caller, and this is the 
> first real text that covers the subject. Therefore, I'd suggest that the 
> Introduction briefly go through what section each general topic will be 
> covered in (instead of having the reader read the whole ID before 
> knowing a certain topic is indeed covered).

I've added a bit of verbiage up front, but the beginning of the 
End-to-End section does point to the 'who' and 'where' sections.

> 
> #20 - A new Requirement that I haven't read here (and one that should be 
> considered for section 5.2, else section 5.4): If the UA provides its 
> location (coordinate or civil), or the first (or any) Proxy knows (or 
> learns by some other means) the location of the UA making the emergency 
> call, it MUST route the call to the appropriate ECC or IECC.

Noted.


> If you've already published this ID, I'll reproduce this list of 
> questions on the main SIPPING list for general discussion.

The I-D editor picked it up at 12:55 on Friday, so I'll create a -01 
version. It's at 
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/sip/drafts/draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-01.pdf

Thanks again for your comments.

Henning

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At 06:21 PM 2/22/2003 -0500, Henning Schulzrinne wrote:
>>Because I've had much writing of my own this past few weeks, and with the 
>>deadline approaching for -00 IDs, I apologize for this coming so late.
>
>Thanks for your extensive comments. Remarks inline where needed. I'll 
>split my response to keep things manageable.
>
>>#3 - "Emergency call center (ECC): An emergency call center (ECC) 
>>receives emergency calls within a specific geographic area..."
>>Comment: London has what you refer to as ECCs, but the have all calls 
>>from the surrounding regional area come into a single center, the Call 
>>taker(s) determines where the call is coming from, then the emergency 
>>personnel are dispatched to the appropriate location from that 
>>centralized ECC. In other words, local emergency personnel are not 
>>called, they are dispatched by the ECC in London.
>>This might be a subtle difference to your intent, but it is fairly 
>>different than the US model where you call (or are patched through to) 
>>the local ECC.
>
>Hmm, isn't that the same as having a large regional PSAP in the US? I 
>think they are called consolidated PSAP.
>
>Thus, I'm not sure how my definition contradicts the London example - the 
>London ECC "receives emergency calls within a specific geographic area and
>dispatches emergency services, such as fire, police and rescue services."

Many are not educated on the details or implementations of 911 and e911. 
Most in fact, believe this is a local issue only (meaning limited to a 
city, or region of a large city). I wasn't really commenting on 
contradictions (sorry if it came across that way) as educating how things 
are now. IP will only expand the territories,


>>#4 - From section 4 "Last Mile" you have omitted Cable access. I mention 
>>this because existing HFC Broadband connectivity can be as much as 100 
>>miles away from the MSO Headend facility. This could easily have an 
>>affect on which ECC (PSAP is appropriate to contact). This is in contrast 
>>to DSL which is typically limited to 22,000 ft from the CO, with most not 
>>possible at distances greater than 15,000 due to the poor cables in the 
>>ground. This limits the jurisdictional boundaries that can be crossed by 
>>this technology.
>
>Actually, last-mile is not visible to the "subscriber", so DSL or whatever 
>are simply the way that the ECC connects to the PSTN selective router. (I 
>suspect US PSAPs would not choose a cable modem as their access 
>technology, but that's a discussion we don't need to have here.) Maybe 
>your remark hints at a broader lack of common understanding what 'last 
>mile' means. I'm referring to the model described in the NENA TID that I 
>sent around yesterday, where IP only replaces the analog or digital trunk 
>from the last switch to the PSAP. In that model, there is no way that a 
>subscriber can directly send a SIP request to the PSAP.

There are several installations that use HFC as primary line. They are 
installed in most of the largest cities in the US. The products are from 
Arris (co-owned by Nortel at one time, I use to work on the Nortel team of 
that partnership several years ago). Dallas/Fort Worth (where I am) has had 
the opportunity to convert over to HFC and off wire-pairs for more than a 
year for my primary phone service. The provider is a little company called 
AT&T. The business goal of AT&T is to penetrate all the 32 NFL cities 
(their term).

At the MSO Headend, there is connectivity to a Class 5 switch (either 
co-located, or feed to it). Thus, this MSO might be quite a ways outside of 
the PSAP jurisdiction (likely not 100 miles in AT&T's case in the near term 
- but we are talking about years from now also)


>You obviously raise a good point that illustrates that even in a near-term 
>deployment of VoIP over a current cable plant causes difficulties for the 
>last-mile model. (In NJ, the bastion of home rule, a PSAP might cover only 
>one square mile, so we get DSL service out of a neighboring community.)
>
>to be continued
>


cheers,
James

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                          they are willing to allow for others"

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> There are several installations that use HFC as primary line. They are 

We're still not connecting. HFC might well be used for regular 
telecommunications subscribers, but the 'last-mile' model is constrained 
to the case that the PSAP uses IP access, while the emergency callers 
only use regular PSTN, however they get there.

> installed in most of the largest cities in the US. The products are from 
> Arris (co-owned by Nortel at one time, I use to work on the Nortel team 
> of that partnership several years ago). Dallas/Fort Worth (where I am) 
> has had the opportunity to convert over to HFC and off wire-pairs for 
> more than a year for my primary phone service. The provider is a little 
> company called AT&T. The business goal of AT&T is to penetrate all the 
> 32 NFL cities (their term).
> 
> At the MSO Headend, there is connectivity to a Class 5 switch (either 
> co-located, or feed to it). Thus, this MSO might be quite a ways outside 
> of the PSAP jurisdiction (likely not 100 miles in AT&T's case in the 
> near term - but we are talking about years from now also)

That's all true and important for the end-to-end model, but completely 
irrelevant to the last-mile model.


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At 08:00 PM 2/22/2003 -0500, Henning Schulzrinne wrote:


>>    - Proper call routing to the PSAP(based on caller location)
>>    - The call
>>    - Any priority flags
>
>Since the call is already identified as an emergency call, I don't see the 
>need for any additional flags. (Adding such a flag mechanism would 
>introduce additional attack vectors, for example.)


I'm not proposing them, but they still might become a requirement from the 
jurisdiction. My list above was a possible projection of what an IP list 
could look like. I believe the priority flag was and is mentioned not as 
expected, just possible (that's why I use the word "any" - if there aren't 
any, you can't include them)


>>    - The location of the caller
>>    - A valid (should be verifiable) Contact Header (or mandatory Via 
>> header of the UAC and any/all Proxies involved in the call routing) for 
>> callback
>
>These items are enumerated in the beginning of the end-to-end section. 
>They do not apply to the last-mile architecture.

Fair. I believe you can use them how you like. If you believe this list (or 
the section half of the whole list) is applicable to only the e2e section, 
then by all means include what you feel is appropriate. I was only offering 
a list, not 'the' list.


>>What's not so obvious is whether there needs to be further (any?) 
>>security involved that could fail the call. If security considerations 
>>are necessary, with the full realization that the emergency call could 
>>fail if they are not met, then the following is the minimum to be 
>>included in the list above:
>>    - Assurance that none of the signaling (headers) have been munged"
>>This is from my unpublished framework ID on this subject, but it could be 
>>easily used in this doc. I would stress that at least the first 3 bullets 
>>are included here, as this is exactly what PSAPs want today.
>
>Noted. Added 'integrity' under call setup.
>
>>#9 - From section 5
>>"End-to-end emergency calls originate on an Internet device, traverse IP 
>>networks and terminate on an IP capable ECC (IECC)."
>>Comment: this can be a moderately misleading statement. The most likely 
>>event or infrastructure will have the Emergency call hit the first Proxy 
>>and then travel straight to the local IECC (and not across the Internet - 
>>which most people define as traffic passing between two Tier 1 ISPs).
>
>Where is that Internet definition from?

Patrik Fältström is one of my coworkers who is part of this discussion 
within Cisco frequently. This is his tenuous definition - though he speaks 
it not in the absolute sense, but hesitantly as it hasn't been agree upon 
anywhere in the community. My use it as a guide, though opinions vary 
(obviously).

>I would define anything that's on an IP network connected to the global 
>Internet as an Internet device.
>
>>If the Proxy is not local to the UA, then the issue of how this non-local 
>>proxy will know where the local PSAP is relative to this UA making the 
>>emergency call.
>
>Indeed.
>
>>#10 - From Section 5.2, 2nd sentence:
>>"... ECCs only serve a small region ..." This isn't true in London that I 
>>know of. I don't know the exact nature of other major cities in Europe of 
>>Asia. Regardless, this statement made is not universally true, and has a 
>>major example where it isn't. Text couching this statement is recommended.
>
>removed 'small'
>
>>#11 - From section 5.2, 2nd paragraph, 3rd sentence:
>>"In caller-based resolution, the caller's UA consults a directory and 
>>determines the correct IECC based on its location."
>>Comment: This is omitting the possibility of a Geopriv WG ID (you're 
>>aware of) and another ID you wrote in which the UA could have its 
>>location "feed" to in upon boot-up (via DHCP). Both IDs state that if the 
>>UA has its Geo-Loc present in the UA, some future functionality in SIP 
>>(not defined yet) could include the location information in a Header or 
>>MIME body, and not need this look-up (nor does it have to determine 
>>anything - as the location information is "just there" in the UA.
>
>Note that the text speaks of finding the correct IECC, not of determining 
>the location. The idea is that if a UA knows its location (via whatever 
>means, including the ones you mention), it can directly query a 
>location-to-IECC mapping service and then contact the IECC.

But.... doesn't the UA *not* know the IP address of the PSAP? If it doesn't 
in the INVITE, then the Proxy has to direct the INVITE (with the sos@) 
towards the proper PSAP. This will require the Proxy to know which PSAP to 
do to (unless there is only one in the area - in the case of a large 
regional service). Maybe I'm missing something...?

>This model has trust advantages since the UA can choose whatever mapping 
>service it considers trustworthy ahead of time, get back a reply it can 
>trust (since it presumably has made sure it's talking to the right 
>directory service) and can then easily use standard server authentication 
>mechanism to detect that it is indeed talking to the desired IECC. This 
>makes the trust problem much more tractable. In effect, the caller gets to 
>choose its "PSAP certifying authority" without every PSAP having to be 
>accredited by one certifying authority.

That will never happen

>I'm hoping that this type of mechanism is both implementable and can allay 
>the fears of Jon of talking to the corner PSAP run by the Sopranos.
>
>
>>#12 - also from section 5.2, 2nd paragraph, last sentence:
>>"(It appears undesirable to have either the UA or every outbound proxy 
>>server contain a copy of
>>the location-to-ECC mapping since this table changes frequently.)"
>>Question: How often do any of these stated 5000 PSAPs move (as you elude 
>>to with this above comment)?
>
>I hope you don't expect me to know that :-) I suspect that they don't move 
>often, but consolidations, in particular, seem not uncommon. Also, you'd 
>not only need all 5,000 US PSAPs, but every PSAP-equivalent in the world. 
>Since you probably don't want to download the whole table over a wireless 
>interface each time two PSAPs merge, you then need a synchronization 
>mechanism.

how hard would this be to include in something like a DHCP configuration 
download? Or have the UA periodically do something like an OPTIONs query to 
the Proxy it knows, and exchange the necessary information to learn the 
available choice in the background.

>I suspect this can all be done (after all, this isn't all that different 
>than downloading a version of Zagat's on your PDA and there are lots more 
>restaurants in NYC than they are PSAPs, I suspect...), so I'll mention it 
>as a possibility.
>


cheers,
James

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At 01:28 PM 2/23/2003 -0500, Henning Schulzrinne wrote:
>>There are several installations that use HFC as primary line. They are
>
>We're still not connecting. HFC might well be used for regular 
>telecommunications subscribers, but the 'last-mile' model is constrained 
>to the case that the PSAP uses IP access, while the emergency callers only 
>use regular PSTN, however they get there.

now I understand your direction....


>>installed in most of the largest cities in the US. The products are from 
>>Arris (co-owned by Nortel at one time, I use to work on the Nortel team 
>>of that partnership several years ago). Dallas/Fort Worth (where I am) 
>>has had the opportunity to convert over to HFC and off wire-pairs for 
>>more than a year for my primary phone service. The provider is a little 
>>company called AT&T. The business goal of AT&T is to penetrate all the 32 
>>NFL cities (their term).
>>At the MSO Headend, there is connectivity to a Class 5 switch (either 
>>co-located, or feed to it). Thus, this MSO might be quite a ways outside 
>>of the PSAP jurisdiction (likely not 100 miles in AT&T's case in the near 
>>term - but we are talking about years from now also)
>
>That's all true and important for the end-to-end model, but completely 
>irrelevant to the last-mile model.

noted (knowing now the direction you are referring to).

BTW - I'm fine with all your other responses to the listed comments and 
questions.



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cheers,
James

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> 
> Patrik Fältström is one of my coworkers who is part of this discussion 
> within Cisco frequently. This is his tenuous definition - though he 
> speaks it not in the absolute sense, but hesitantly as it hasn't been 
> agree upon anywhere in the community. My use it as a guide, though 
> opinions vary (obviously).

Pardon my timidity, but I'd rather not use this document to attempt a 
definition of Internet beyond the generally understood "a network of 
networks"... If Patrik wants to write a separate draft to clarify the 
internet/Internet/intranet/whatever distinction for current needs, it 
would be appropriate to cite it.


>> Note that the text speaks of finding the correct IECC, not of 
>> determining the location. The idea is that if a UA knows its location 
>> (via whatever means, including the ones you mention), it can directly 
>> query a location-to-IECC mapping service and then contact the IECC.
> 
> 
> But.... doesn't the UA *not* know the IP address of the PSAP? If it 
> doesn't in the INVITE, then the Proxy has to direct the INVITE (with the 
> sos@) towards the proper PSAP. This will require the Proxy to know which 
> PSAP to do to (unless there is only one in the area - in the case of a 
> large regional service). Maybe I'm missing something...?

Assumptions: (1) UA knows its own location, e.g., long/lat.
(2) UA knows at least one translation service that converts long/lat to 
ECC identity. How the UA knows this service is a matter of 
configuration, but it might be reasonable to assume that these lookup 
services change rarely. (Even if one were to go out of business, since 
the query interface is standardized, it would be trivial for the 
survivor to buy the address at the Chapter 7 sale...)

These assumptions are not unreasonable since there are commercial 
services that offer this type of service. They are currently not 
designed to be used by millions of users, but this seems like a problem 
that good system engineering could solve. The problem is much more 
tractable than even the most modest-sized search engine, say, both in 
terms of query rate (a few queries/second), stability of the data and 
number of entries (thousands).

Process: UA contacts this abstract service and gets back the SIP URI of 
the geographically appropriate ECC.

Is this clearer?

> 
>> This model has trust advantages since the UA can choose whatever 
>> mapping service it considers trustworthy ahead of time, get back a 
>> reply it can trust (since it presumably has made sure it's talking to 
>> the right directory service) and can then easily use standard server 
>> authentication mechanism to detect that it is indeed talking to the 
>> desired IECC. This makes the trust problem much more tractable. In 
>> effect, the caller gets to choose its "PSAP certifying authority" 
>> without every PSAP having to be accredited by one certifying authority.
> 
> 
> That will never happen

I'm trying to avoid the discussion of this since we will likely not get 
anywhere speculating. I'm trying to point out ways that we can avoid 
needing central authorities, while not preventing their emergence. In my 
opinion, we should provide the best (most reliable, secure, scalable, 
...) tools possible and then help the operational community do the right 
thing.

> how hard would this be to include in something like a DHCP configuration 
> download? Or have the UA periodically do something like an OPTIONs query 
> to the Proxy it knows, and exchange the necessary information to learn 
> the available choice in the background.

The data volume remains the same, so I'm not sure how "background" helps.

In any event, the draft now mentions synchronization-of-local-data as 
one possibility. Since this is a requirements document, I'm trying to 
exhaustively list all possible options, not pick favorites. Abstractly, 
I don't see any other possibilities beyond "UA knows itself" (local 
data), "UA asks somebody" (UA queries network directory) or "UA asks 
somebody that asks somebody" (UA sends request to proxy that queries 
directory or has local knowledge; this can recurse, obviously).

Henning

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To: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
cc: "James M. Polk" <jmpolk@cisco.com>, sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: Emergency-req: 8-12 
In-Reply-To: Message from Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu> 
   of "Sun, 23 Feb 2003 23:03:04 EST." <3E599978.8070906@cs.columbia.edu> 
Date: Sun, 23 Feb 2003 20:52:33 -0800
From: Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com>
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Henning,

 Since this is a requirements document, I'm trying to
 exhaustively list all possible options, not pick favorites.

A requirements document should be more generic.  There's 
almost a sense that you and James are writing an quasi-RFP
for US and European centers.  Your words give the sense of 
avoiding "the" solution by giving ranges of them.

The goal should be to give the problem with some clarity to
SIPPING so that the group can determine 1. if it's a necessary
one for the WG.  2. if it's one that can be done with existing 
SIP capabilities and whether they have issues such as security
strengths that might need modifications (a number of times SIPPING
has found that the feature was fine, but it needed some normative
modification).  3.  if not, what requirements there are for new
SIP capabilities.  I see far less generic material in the current
draft.

I too am working to deadlines this weekend, so this comment must
be brief, but I have a real concern for what we will see from
this draft.

Allison
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From: "King, Kimberly  S." <KIMBERLY.S.KING@saic.com>
To: "'Allison Mankin'" <mankin@psg.com>,
        Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Cc: "James M. Polk" <jmpolk@cisco.com>, sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Sipping-emergency] Re: Emergency-req: 8-12 
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All,

I am sorry about being so clueless in this area but Allison's words ring
true. 

Maybe I can use my lack of knowledge to help.  Ultimately, what is it that
is required that the current SIP lacks (SIPPING should answer later)?  To
get there, name what is required (this work).

I'm getting lost in what is the context.  It looks to me like there are
three cases.

a) someone uses IP-based phone or IM to call for help (sos/911) and this
hits a gateway (either regular IP-PSTN gateway or IP to text messaging
(e.g., SMS).  What is required in this case?
b) someone uses IP-based phone or IM to call for help (sos/911) and this
goes end-to-end IP.  (It appears to me that it might not be detectable to
the caller whether a gateway will intervene so perhaps what is required
should be the same as case a).)
c) the receiving center is IP-based but calls come in from the PSTN.

Have I got this correct?

Now, if so, isn't this simple?  What is needed?  location information?
time-stamps? some assuredness that the message is authentic?  ?

When I try to read the draft, I don't get it in clear language what is
needed but my feelings are that it shouldn't be that complicated.  What am I
missing?


Kimberly

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Allison Mankin [mailto:mankin@psg.com]
>Sent: Sunday, February 23, 2003 11:53 PM
>To: Henning Schulzrinne
>Cc: James M. Polk; sipping-emergency@ietf.org
>Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: Emergency-req: 8-12 
>
>
>Henning,
>
> Since this is a requirements document, I'm trying to
> exhaustively list all possible options, not pick favorites.
>
>A requirements document should be more generic.  There's 
>almost a sense that you and James are writing an quasi-RFP
>for US and European centers.  Your words give the sense of 
>avoiding "the" solution by giving ranges of them.
>
>The goal should be to give the problem with some clarity to
>SIPPING so that the group can determine 1. if it's a necessary
>one for the WG.  2. if it's one that can be done with existing 
>SIP capabilities and whether they have issues such as security
>strengths that might need modifications (a number of times SIPPING
>has found that the feature was fine, but it needed some normative
>modification).  3.  if not, what requirements there are for new
>SIP capabilities.  I see far less generic material in the current
>draft.
>
>I too am working to deadlines this weekend, so this comment must
>be brief, but I have a real concern for what we will see from
>this draft.
>
>Allison
>_______________________________________________
>Sipping-emergency mailing list
>Sipping-emergency@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency
>
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> I'm getting lost in what is the context.  It looks to me like there are
> three cases.
> 
> a) someone uses IP-based phone or IM to call for help (sos/911) and this
> hits a gateway (either regular IP-PSTN gateway or IP to text messaging
> (e.g., SMS).  What is required in this case?

I was trying to avoid getting into the details of how the current system 
works and (more importantly) the properties it has, but maybe that's a 
bad idea.

The case you describe has two important sub-cases:

(1) The gateway is in the same town as the caller. (I'll say 'town' for 
simplicity; I mean 'same ECC serving area', but that's much longer...). 
In that case, the call reaches the right ECC. A problem arises if the 
phone has no E.164 phone number in the ECC calling area.

As an example, if I take my Vonage/Denwa phone from New York to 
Lexington, I might configure the right local Lexington, KY gateway, but 
the poor PSAP will see a 212 phone number and have no clue where I am or 
who I am.

(2) The gateway is in a different town. Since there are 5000 PSAPs in 
the US and it is unlikely that most service providers would use nearly 
that many gateways, this is a likely scenario. In addition to the 
problems in case (1), you are now connected to a gateway in the wrong 
city. Thus, if the Vonage gateway is in New York, my Lexington emergency 
call will reach the NYPD, which isn't going to be too helpful. I suspect 
that the New York 911 call taker things that I'm nuts if I tell them 
that the accident is a 1000 miles away.

This is described without example and more tersely in the section 
'Identifying the Appropriate Emergency Call Center'.

Would it be helpful to write it up at this level?


> b) someone uses IP-based phone or IM to call for help (sos/911) and this
> goes end-to-end IP.  (It appears to me that it might not be detectable to
> the caller whether a gateway will intervene so perhaps what is required
> should be the same as case a).)

This is indeed somewhat similar. The location problem is easier, since 
the caller could route the call to the right ECC.

> c) the receiving center is IP-based but calls come in from the PSTN.
> 
> Have I got this correct?
> 
> Now, if so, isn't this simple?  What is needed?  location information?
> time-stamps? some assuredness that the message is authentic?  ?

The primary problem, as alluded to in the beginning of the end-to-end 
section, is getting the call to the right PSAP/ECC. That's a fundamental 
requirement - you're not going to get useful emergency service 
otherwise. A secondary requirement is that the ECC gets location and 
other information (hazardous materials at your place, etc.). That's a 
longer-term issue, since *current* wireless systems don't deliver that, 
either. (They will, in the next few years.)

> 
> When I try to read the draft, I don't get it in clear language what is
> needed but my feelings are that it shouldn't be that complicated.  What am I
> missing?

In my view, this isn't complicated once you get down to the details.

Henning



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From: "Peterson, Jon" <jon.peterson@neustar.biz>
To: "'Henning Schulzrinne'" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>,
        Allison Mankin
	 <mankin@psg.com>
Cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency] draft-schulzrinne
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>From what I took away from our phone call, one concern was that the
last-mile work needs to block until the geopriv work has become more fully
specified. The short-term issues seemed like they might warrant a separate
document precisely because that document is achievable (and passable by the
IESG) in the short term. 

I also note that the document really doesn't seem to talk about the
trunking-replacement architecture we discussed on the telephone call at all,
except as a component of the end-to-end solution. If that this realistically
the only architecture that will be deployed in the next few years, perhaps
the document should give it more attention.

One nit: if (following I-6) integrity properties of responses from an IECC
are REQUIRED, this entails that authentication of the IECC to the caller is
also REQUIRED (which would seem to contradict I-3). You cannot provide
integrity properties without authentication.

- J

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Henning Schulzrinne [mailto:hgs@cs.columbia.edu]
> Sent: Saturday, February 22, 2003 3:00 PM
> To: Allison Mankin
> Cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency]
> draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00
> 
> 
> The last-mile requirements are in a separate section, so I'm 
> not sure I 
> see the problem. (Besides, quite frankly, I'm not sure what 
> needs to be 
> done, SIP-wise, for the short-term issues. As I said, this is 
> effectively an ACD with conference recording. It might be 
> useful to say 
> that, but I think we might make some progress if we can identify, at 
> least within the design team, the likely areas needing work for the 
> last-mile case. There are, to be sure, other useful ways to 
> apply IP in 
> the last-mile case, but those are effectively geopriv 
> territory, namely 
> the authorized retrieval of location information given an 
> E.164 identifier.)
> 
> Allison Mankin wrote:
> > Henning,
> > 
> > The problem with expressing all the requirements is that it
> > will not guide the work and discussion on the shorter-term goals
> > properly.
> > 
> > Allison
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Sipping-emergency mailing list
> Sipping-emergency@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency
> 
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Maybe this is due to the lack of precision on my part, but the 
'last-mile' section (Section 4) is exactly that. Indeed, the very first 
sentence says

"In last-mile access, an ECC replaces an analog (CAMA) or digital (ISDN) 
trunk with packet-based access,
typically over one or more high-speed access lines such as DSL or leased 
lines."

Suggestions on how to make this clearer are welcome.

Peterson, Jon wrote:
>>From what I took away from our phone call, one concern was that the
> last-mile work needs to block until the geopriv work has become more fully
> specified. The short-term issues seemed like they might warrant a separate
> document precisely because that document is achievable (and passable by the
> IESG) in the short term. 
> 
> I also note that the document really doesn't seem to talk about the
> trunking-replacement architecture we discussed on the telephone call at all,
> except as a component of the end-to-end solution. If that this realistically
> the only architecture that will be deployed in the next few years, perhaps
> the document should give it more attention.

I'm afraid I don't see this. Section 4 draws largely from the NENA TID, 
which only talks about trunk replacement.

> 
> One nit: if (following I-6) integrity properties of responses from an IECC
> are REQUIRED, this entails that authentication of the IECC to the caller is
> also REQUIRED (which would seem to contradict I-3). You cannot provide
> integrity properties without authentication.

Depends on what you're protecting. If you're protecting the integrity of 
the request from caller to IECC (e.g., including the location 
information), the IECC doesn't have to be authenticated.

Also, I don't see why this has to wait until geopriv is done. While the 
details on how this works will obviously be affected by the concrete 
output of geopriv, the requirements remain the same.

Henning

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From: "King, Kimberly  S." <KIMBERLY.S.KING@saic.com>
To: "'Henning Schulzrinne'" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>,
        "Peterson, Jon" <jon.peterson@neustar.biz>
Cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency] draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00
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Henning,

>"In last-mile access, an ECC replaces an analog (CAMA) or 
>digital (ISDN) 
>trunk with packet-based access,
>typically over one or more high-speed access lines such as DSL 
>or leased 
>lines."
>
>Suggestions on how to make this clearer are welcome.


I believe it isn't as clear because it disorients the reader.  The last mile
(reader is thinking from the perspective of being the client) has
packet-based access (access puts the reader in the perspective of being on
the "server" side).

I can't completely re-word it as I'm not totally clear what you are trying
to say but I'll take a shot at it.

"In the last mile situation, instead of calls being terminated by analog
(CAMA) or digital (ISDN) trunks, they are terminated by high-speed DSL or
leased line packet-based solutions."  

Kimberly
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Date: Tue, 25 Feb 2003 10:05:57 -0500
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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Maybe we're getting closer to the source of the confusion... During the 
teleconference, I had associated 'last-mile' with the recently-completed 
NENA effort, which only deals with what section 4 describes. Since it's 
the last mile before reaching the PSAP/ECC, I used that term. Maybe 
others were thinking of what I'd consider 'first-mile', i.e., from a 
VoIP phone to a PSTN gateway?

That might explain a few of the rounds of discussion... Jon, Allison: 
where's first and last? :-)

King, Kimberly S. wrote:
> Henning,
> 
> 
>>"In last-mile access, an ECC replaces an analog (CAMA) or 
>>digital (ISDN) 
>>trunk with packet-based access,
>>typically over one or more high-speed access lines such as DSL 
>>or leased 
>>lines."
>>
>>Suggestions on how to make this clearer are welcome.
> 
> 
> 
> I believe it isn't as clear because it disorients the reader.  The last mile
> (reader is thinking from the perspective of being the client) has
> packet-based access (access puts the reader in the perspective of being on
> the "server" side).
> 
> I can't completely re-word it as I'm not totally clear what you are trying
> to say but I'll take a shot at it.
> 
> "In the last mile situation, instead of calls being terminated by analog
> (CAMA) or digital (ISDN) trunks, they are terminated by high-speed DSL or
> leased line packet-based solutions."  
> 
> Kimberly

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From: "Peterson, Jon" <jon.peterson@neustar.biz>
To: "'Henning Schulzrinne'" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>,
        "King, Kimberly S."
	 <KIMBERLY.S.KING@saic.com>
Cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
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Heh, right. I've been considering the 'last mile' chunk to be between the
end user (currently, their POTS phone - in the future, their IP phone) and
the selection router - that's how I thought we were using the term in our
conf call, and hence my confusion (I was contrasting the terms 'last mile'
with 'trunking replacement' on the call). The use of the term 'access' in
the title of section 4 made me think you were describing the access portion
of the network (i.e. copper to the home, etc). Your suggestion in the intro
to the section that the transport could be analog or ISDN but might be
replaced with DSL certainly supported that reading. I thought the term
'trunking' was used casually there.

I guess looking more closely at that section, requirement M-7 and a few
others might have tipped me off that these requirements were about the
trunking replacement. The definition in section 3 of 'last mile emergency
service' also is a pretty good indicator. I don't know if this would have
been unclear to someone who hadn't been on our conference call. I imagine
that paraphrasing the definition of 'last mile' from section 3 in the intro
to section 4 would clear up any conceivable ambiguity. I also would avoid
using the term 'access' in the title of section 4.

>From my perspective anyway, what I'm concerned about is that the full e2e
solution be bundled separately from the more immediately achievable work.
Whether or not these two are in separate sections is less material to me,
but ultimately, we know that the section 4 solution is not depending on
geopriv, but the later material is. I think there is value in having the
section 4 work go forward on its own merits, and fully specifying this
solution - I know you think this is trivial, but to me, trivial means
achievable. :) Putting the later e2e work in a separate document would
remove any geopriv dependencies for the section 4 work.

- J

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Henning Schulzrinne [mailto:hgs@cs.columbia.edu]
> Sent: Tuesday, February 25, 2003 7:06 AM
> To: King, Kimberly S.
> Cc: Peterson, Jon; sipping-emergency@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency]
> draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00
> 
> 
> Maybe we're getting closer to the source of the confusion... 
> During the 
> teleconference, I had associated 'last-mile' with the 
> recently-completed 
> NENA effort, which only deals with what section 4 describes. 
> Since it's 
> the last mile before reaching the PSAP/ECC, I used that term. Maybe 
> others were thinking of what I'd consider 'first-mile', i.e., from a 
> VoIP phone to a PSTN gateway?
> 
> That might explain a few of the rounds of discussion... Jon, Allison: 
> where's first and last? :-)
> 
> King, Kimberly S. wrote:
> > Henning,
> > 
> > 
> >>"In last-mile access, an ECC replaces an analog (CAMA) or 
> >>digital (ISDN) 
> >>trunk with packet-based access,
> >>typically over one or more high-speed access lines such as DSL 
> >>or leased 
> >>lines."
> >>
> >>Suggestions on how to make this clearer are welcome.
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > I believe it isn't as clear because it disorients the 
> reader.  The last mile
> > (reader is thinking from the perspective of being the client) has
> > packet-based access (access puts the reader in the 
> perspective of being on
> > the "server" side).
> > 
> > I can't completely re-word it as I'm not totally clear what 
> you are trying
> > to say but I'll take a shot at it.
> > 
> > "In the last mile situation, instead of calls being 
> terminated by analog
> > (CAMA) or digital (ISDN) trunks, they are terminated by 
> high-speed DSL or
> > leased line packet-based solutions."  
> > 
> > Kimberly
> 
_______________________________________________
Sipping-emergency mailing list
Sipping-emergency@ietf.org
https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency



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From: "Peterson, Jon" <jon.peterson@neustar.biz>
To: "'Henning Schulzrinne'" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>,
        "King, Kimberly S."
	 <KIMBERLY.S.KING@saic.com>
Cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency] draft-schulzrinne
	 -sipping-emergency-req-00
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I also looked around a bit on the web to see how the term 'last-mile' was
being used. This seems typical of the definitions I could find:

The last mile refers to the distance between the subscriber and the
telephone company's central office, or the subscriber and the neighborhood
node of the cable company.

http://cablingdb.com/GlossaryPages/GlossaryL/Last_Mile.asp

Refers to the telecommunications technology that connects the customer's
home directly to the cable or telephone company. When used as an adjective,
spelled last-mile, as in "the last-mile technology." 

http://isp.webopedia.com/TERM/L/last_mile.html

- J

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Peterson, Jon [mailto:jon.peterson@neustar.biz]
> Sent: Tuesday, February 25, 2003 1:33 PM
> To: 'Henning Schulzrinne'; King, Kimberly S.
> Cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency]
> draft-schulzrinne -sipping-emergency-req-00
> 
> 
> 
> Heh, right. I've been considering the 'last mile' chunk to be 
> between the
> end user (currently, their POTS phone - in the future, their 
> IP phone) and
> the selection router - that's how I thought we were using the 
> term in our
> conf call, and hence my confusion (I was contrasting the 
> terms 'last mile'
> with 'trunking replacement' on the call). The use of the term 
> 'access' in
> the title of section 4 made me think you were describing the 
> access portion
> of the network (i.e. copper to the home, etc). Your 
> suggestion in the intro
> to the section that the transport could be analog or ISDN but might be
> replaced with DSL certainly supported that reading. I thought the term
> 'trunking' was used casually there.
> 
> I guess looking more closely at that section, requirement M-7 
> and a few
> others might have tipped me off that these requirements were about the
> trunking replacement. The definition in section 3 of 'last 
> mile emergency
> service' also is a pretty good indicator. I don't know if 
> this would have
> been unclear to someone who hadn't been on our conference 
> call. I imagine
> that paraphrasing the definition of 'last mile' from section 
> 3 in the intro
> to section 4 would clear up any conceivable ambiguity. I also 
> would avoid
> using the term 'access' in the title of section 4.
> 
> From my perspective anyway, what I'm concerned about is that 
> the full e2e
> solution be bundled separately from the more immediately 
> achievable work.
> Whether or not these two are in separate sections is less 
> material to me,
> but ultimately, we know that the section 4 solution is not 
> depending on
> geopriv, but the later material is. I think there is value in 
> having the
> section 4 work go forward on its own merits, and fully specifying this
> solution - I know you think this is trivial, but to me, trivial means
> achievable. :) Putting the later e2e work in a separate document would
> remove any geopriv dependencies for the section 4 work.
> 
> - J
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Henning Schulzrinne [mailto:hgs@cs.columbia.edu]
> > Sent: Tuesday, February 25, 2003 7:06 AM
> > To: King, Kimberly S.
> > Cc: Peterson, Jon; sipping-emergency@ietf.org
> > Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency]
> > draft-schulzrinne-sipping-emergency-req-00
> > 
> > 
> > Maybe we're getting closer to the source of the confusion... 
> > During the 
> > teleconference, I had associated 'last-mile' with the 
> > recently-completed 
> > NENA effort, which only deals with what section 4 describes. 
> > Since it's 
> > the last mile before reaching the PSAP/ECC, I used that term. Maybe 
> > others were thinking of what I'd consider 'first-mile', 
> i.e., from a 
> > VoIP phone to a PSTN gateway?
> > 
> > That might explain a few of the rounds of discussion... 
> Jon, Allison: 
> > where's first and last? :-)
> > 
> > King, Kimberly S. wrote:
> > > Henning,
> > > 
> > > 
> > >>"In last-mile access, an ECC replaces an analog (CAMA) or 
> > >>digital (ISDN) 
> > >>trunk with packet-based access,
> > >>typically over one or more high-speed access lines such as DSL 
> > >>or leased 
> > >>lines."
> > >>
> > >>Suggestions on how to make this clearer are welcome.
> > > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > I believe it isn't as clear because it disorients the 
> > reader.  The last mile
> > > (reader is thinking from the perspective of being the client) has
> > > packet-based access (access puts the reader in the 
> > perspective of being on
> > > the "server" side).
> > > 
> > > I can't completely re-word it as I'm not totally clear what 
> > you are trying
> > > to say but I'll take a shot at it.
> > > 
> > > "In the last mile situation, instead of calls being 
> > terminated by analog
> > > (CAMA) or digital (ISDN) trunks, they are terminated by 
> > high-speed DSL or
> > > leased line packet-based solutions."  
> > > 
> > > Kimberly
> > 
> _______________________________________________
> Sipping-emergency mailing list
> Sipping-emergency@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/sipping-emergency
> 
_______________________________________________
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I think we'll be better off I replace last-mile by 'ECC trunk 
replacement'. I'm not too wedded to terminology.

Peterson, Jon wrote:
> I also looked around a bit on the web to see how the term 'last-mile' was
> being used. This seems typical of the definitions I could find:
> 
> The last mile refers to the distance between the subscriber and the
> telephone company's central office, or the subscriber and the neighborhood
> node of the cable company.
> 
> http://cablingdb.com/GlossaryPages/GlossaryL/Last_Mile.asp
> 
> Refers to the telecommunications technology that connects the customer's
> home directly to the cable or telephone company. When used as an adjective,
> spelled last-mile, as in "the last-mile technology." 
> 
> http://isp.webopedia.com/TERM/L/last_mile.html
> 
> - J
> 

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From: "Peterson, Jon" <jon.peterson@neustar.biz>
To: "'Henning Schulzrinne'" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Cc: "King, Kimberly S." <KIMBERLY.S.KING@saic.com>, sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency] draft-schulzrinne
	 -sipping-emergency-req-00
Date: Tue, 25 Feb 2003 17:02:23 -0500
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That would be fine with me.

- J

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Henning Schulzrinne [mailto:hgs@cs.columbia.edu]
> Sent: Tuesday, February 25, 2003 2:00 PM
> To: Peterson, Jon
> Cc: King, Kimberly S.; sipping-emergency@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency]
> draft-schulzrinne -sipping-emergency-req-00
> 
> 
> I think we'll be better off I replace last-mile by 'ECC trunk 
> replacement'. I'm not too wedded to terminology.
> 
> Peterson, Jon wrote:
> > I also looked around a bit on the web to see how the term 
> 'last-mile' was
> > being used. This seems typical of the definitions I could find:
> > 
> > The last mile refers to the distance between the subscriber and the
> > telephone company's central office, or the subscriber and 
> the neighborhood
> > node of the cable company.
> > 
> > http://cablingdb.com/GlossaryPages/GlossaryL/Last_Mile.asp
> > 
> > Refers to the telecommunications technology that connects 
> the customer's
> > home directly to the cable or telephone company. When used 
> as an adjective,
> > spelled last-mile, as in "the last-mile technology." 
> > 
> > http://isp.webopedia.com/TERM/L/last_mile.html
> > 
> > - J
> > 
> 
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From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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>>From my perspective anyway, what I'm concerned about is that the full e2e
> solution be bundled separately from the more immediately achievable work.
> Whether or not these two are in separate sections is less material to me,
> but ultimately, we know that the section 4 solution is not depending on
> geopriv, but the later material is. I think there is value in having the
> section 4 work go forward on its own merits, and fully specifying this
> solution - I know you think this is trivial, but to me, trivial means
> achievable. :) Putting the later e2e work in a separate document would
> remove any geopriv dependencies for the section 4 work.

I would like to identify any real work which isn't just "purchasing 
requirements for PSAP RFP" in the trunk replacement part. Can you 
identify anything?

I happen to think that while end-to-end or even first-mile (something I 
haven't called out explicitly) does need geo information that the 
problem can be scoped properly so that it does not interfere with 
geopriv work. At this point, I don't see the need to specify in detail 
how the PSAP gets the location of the caller. We know it needs to - I 
don't think geopriv is going to change that. There are only two 
plausible ways to convey location - in a 'using protocol' and in some 
out-of-band retrieval mode using a geopriv-specific mechanism. I don't 
think that level of detail is controversial or likely to change.

Also, the PSAP selection problem can be partially solved with existing 
(apparently non-controversial) items in geopriv, namely the DHCP items.

Thus, as long as we assume that geopriv does its job, we can fill in the 
other pieces and make progress, treating geopriv as a suitable black box.

Thus, if we scope the work properly, I don't see why we'd bump into 
geopriv issues except saying "you guys over there, we'll need you, get 
busy".

Henning

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To: "'Henning Schulzrinne'" <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
Cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency] draft-schulzrinne
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inline.

- J

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Henning Schulzrinne [mailto:hgs@cs.columbia.edu]
> Sent: Tuesday, February 25, 2003 2:54 PM
> To: Peterson, Jon
> Cc: sipping-emergency@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [Sipping-emergency] Re: [Sipping-emergency]
> draft-schulzrinne -sipping-emergency-req-00
> 
> 
[snip]
> 
> I would like to identify any real work which isn't just "purchasing 
> requirements for PSAP RFP" in the trunk replacement part. Can you 
> identify anything?
> 

Well, there are a number of issues, I think, many of which you identify in
your section 4 (in M1-M12). Some other things include:

- For ISUP e911 trunks, ISUP encapsulation in SIP seems like a reasonable
way to carry signaling information between the selective router and the
IECC. What about for non-ISUP signaling systems?

- What sorts of URIs are used to represent IECCs (especially in light of M4
and and M12)?

- Are there any special rules for the distribution of credentials used for
authentication between IECCs and selective routers? How many IECCs are
associated with selective routers and vice versa?

- Are there any RTP requirements that emerge from M6?

Again, this might not require radical new extensions to the SIP protocol -
it's probably doable with more or less the tools we have today. But
depicting a framework and architecture in an I-D along with the section 4
reqs would make it easier for the industry to understand how this trunking
replacement solution fits in.

> I happen to think that while end-to-end or even first-mile (something I 
> haven't called out explicitly) does need geo information that the 
> problem can be scoped properly so that it does not interfere with 
> geopriv work. At this point, I don't see the need to specify in detail 
> how the PSAP gets the location of the caller. We know it needs to - I 
> don't think geopriv is going to change that. There are only two 
> plausible ways to convey location - in a 'using protocol' and in some 
> out-of-band retrieval mode using a geopriv-specific mechanism. I don't 
> think that level of detail is controversial or likely to change.
> 

If the PSAP is expected to retrieve or receive the location information over
IP, then I would argue we've moved into the realm of geopriv. If on the
other the PSAP derives this location information from an ALI interface, then
we don't need geopriv - but, ALI is only relevant to telephone numbers, at
least at the moment. Not all SIP endpoints will have telephone numbers, etc.

> Also, the PSAP selection problem can be partially solved with existing 
> (apparently non-controversial) items in geopriv, namely the DHCP items.
> 

PSAP selection isn't really the main problem here, I think. I agree that
DHCP could help with PSAP selection.

Certainly there hasn't been much controversy about the DHCP proposal to
date, but I would note that the WG is more focused on delivering a framework
and requirements that jumping into a solution. The DHCP solution is, as far
as I understand it, oriented towards informing a telephone where it lives.
The degree to which this entails moving location information (civil or
geospatial) over an open IP network will largely dictate whether or not DHCP
would have to meet the security and policy requirements of geopriv. Until
those requirements are finished, it's hard to establish how well the DHCP
solution meets them.

> Thus, as long as we assume that geopriv does its job, we can fill in the 
> other pieces and make progress, treating geopriv as a suitable black box.
> 
> Thus, if we scope the work properly, I don't see why we'd bump into 
> geopriv issues except saying "you guys over there, we'll need you, get 
> busy".
> 
> Henning
> 
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At 04:59 PM 2/25/2003 -0500, Henning Schulzrinne wrote:
>I think we'll be better off I replace last-mile by 'ECC trunk 
>replacement'. I'm not too wedded to terminology.

I'll jump on here, this was my confusion in my long list of comments as 
well - were you referring to the last mile (from the subscriber) or the 
first mile (from the PSAP)? Notice this is why I emphasized HFC 
connectivity (which is prevalent to the home).

Upon my additional reading, you did define the idea in how you look at it, 
but used terms the rest of us use differently. We obviously took our 
definitions to heart in our comments.

I'll stop beating a dead horse now

cheers,
James

               *************************************
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Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2003 10:21:38 -0500
From: Henning Schulzrinne <hgs@cs.columbia.edu>
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> Well, there are a number of issues, I think, many of which you identify in
> your section 4 (in M1-M12). Some other things include:

At least from my vantage point, all of them are effectively the same 
requirements that apply to a PBX with ACD. Can you identify any that 
cannot be done with existing or in-progress SIP* work? At best, this 
could result in a draft similar to the end system requirements that 
Henry Sinnreich and others are putting together, but that seems to stray 
very far into "RFP list" territory.

> 
> - For ISUP e911 trunks, ISUP encapsulation in SIP seems like a reasonable
> way to carry signaling information between the selective router and the
> IECC. What about for non-ISUP signaling systems?

I don't see the advantage of carrying ISUP information across the IP 
trunk. The only information that's in a 911 call right now is the ANI. 
We know how to do that in SIP - stick a tel URI in the From header or 
use one of the NAI mechanisms to convey the ANI. (By definition, the ECC 
has to trust the selective router, so that model fits.)

> 
> - What sorts of URIs are used to represent IECCs (especially in light of M4
> and and M12)?

I suspect that they'll tel URIs for now, SIP URIs later. What would be 
different about them?

> 
> - Are there any special rules for the distribution of credentials used for
> authentication between IECCs and selective routers? How many IECCs are
> associated with selective routers and vice versa?

I suspect the number of ECCs per SR is smallish (no more than a 
handful). Assuming the SR uses SIP addressing, it knows that a certain 
ECC is addressed as, say, psap.fayette.co.ky.us (for the Fayette County, 
Kentucky PSAP). This knowledge has to be hard-configured, so standard 
TLS server certs will do the job.

> 
> - Are there any RTP requirements that emerge from M6?

I don't see how call routing affects RTP. Call routing is just a policy 
within the ECC proxy, not very different from how an airline would 
manage their callcenter.

> 
> Again, this might not require radical new extensions to the SIP protocol -
> it's probably doable with more or less the tools we have today. But

That's my perception as well.

> depicting a framework and architecture in an I-D along with the section 4
> reqs would make it easier for the industry to understand how this trunking
> replacement solution fits in.

That's all useful (with the "RFP caveat" above), but doesn't solve the 
real problem of SIP terminals placing emergency calls.



> If the PSAP is expected to retrieve or receive the location information over
> IP, then I would argue we've moved into the realm of geopriv. If on the
> other the PSAP derives this location information from an ALI interface, then
> we don't need geopriv - but, ALI is only relevant to telephone numbers, at
> least at the moment. Not all SIP endpoints will have telephone numbers, etc.

The emergency call problem is not going to get solved in one step. After 
all, most wireless phones still only convey the most basic location 
information (cell sector). I don't see the benefit of delaying what we 
can do today.

However, saying that it doesn't work for all phones doesn't seem to be 
reason to delay making it work for most SIP endpoints (which will have 
or be able to get a phone number). Note that a SIP endpoint doesn't even 
have to have a permanent, addressable phone number to make traditional 
ALI work. You can assign what's known as an ELIN, which is a 
pseudo-number which is then mapped to a location. This is done for MLTS 
(multi-line phone systems) for 911 today - in a handful of states, it's 
even mandated by law for larger businesses. After all, many black-phone 
extensions without DID don't have real phone numbers, either.


> 
> 
>>Also, the PSAP selection problem can be partially solved with existing 
>>(apparently non-controversial) items in geopriv, namely the DHCP items.
>>
> 
> 
> PSAP selection isn't really the main problem here, I think. I agree that
> DHCP could help with PSAP selection.

I disagree. PSAP selection is *the* main problem for consumer and 
business VoIP emergency deployment. If you don't get that right, you've 
added minutes, at best, to the emergency call, as the confused call 
taker tries to figure out which part of the country the emergency call 
is from. I'm sure that if I call from where I live right now and reach a 
NY gateway, that my call will be sent to Lexington, MA instead of 
Lexington, KY...

While conveying location information automatically to the ECC is an 
important service, it is secondary to getting the call through. After 
all, we do without today for almost all wireless calls and all 
telematics (OnStar, etc.) calls.


> 
> Certainly there hasn't been much controversy about the DHCP proposal to
> date, but I would note that the WG is more focused on delivering a framework
> and requirements that jumping into a solution. The DHCP solution is, as far
> as I understand it, oriented towards informing a telephone where it lives.

Correct (or mostly, as it may only be able to identify the location of 
the switch or access point).

> The degree to which this entails moving location information (civil or
> geospatial) over an open IP network will largely dictate whether or not DHCP
> would have to meet the security and policy requirements of geopriv. Until
> those requirements are finished, it's hard to establish how well the DHCP
> solution meets them.

While I can see that kidnapping-is-us may not want its victims to find 
out where they are, I'm having a hard time seeing how this information 
provides anything that isn't visible to any human being in the same place.

Even if we ignore the particular mechanism for getting the location 
information to the device (after all, there are likely to be many 
different ones, from local GPS to various query mechanisms), the 
remainder of the architecture doesn't really change.

Henning

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