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To: IMA <ima@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [EAI] draft-ietf-eai-utf8headers-04.txt (#3) new chapter
	+	possible draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04.txt: (#15) update
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On Fri, 30 Mar 2007 18:51:56 +0100, Harald Tveit Alvestrand  
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> --On 29. mars 2007 11:49 +0100 Charles Lindsey <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>  
> wrote:

>> Firstly, the term defined is "UTF-8 header", not "UTF-8 header field".
>>
>> The definition is:
>>
>>     In this document, header fields are "UTF-8 headers" if the bodies of
>>     those headers contain UTF-8 characters.
>>
>
> Charles, we went over this in USEFOR.
>
> According to RFC 2822, a "header field" is a single (possibly folded)  
> line - consisting of a header field name and a header field value.

No! No! "UTF-8 header" is the term that Jeff Yeh currently defines in  
Utf8headers (actual text quoted above). It is him you should be  
complaining to. I agree it ought to be changed.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: draft-ietf-eai-utf8headers-04.txt (#3) new chapter +
	possible draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04.txt: (#15) update
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On Sat, 31 Mar 2007 11:41:38 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>
>> That all depends whether we are going to define message/utf8 or not.
>> All suggested definitions of that type so far are EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN
>> by RFC 2045.
>
> It's "only" a SHOULD, and necessarily EAI is an excuse to violate it.

RFC 2119 does not define the term "EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN", but I would  
imagine its meaning is at least as strong as "MUST NOT", and probably  
stronger.
>
>> Personally, I want to allow UTF8 messages to be sent as message/rfc822
>
> That gives you MIME 1.0 as is with RFC 2049 as is, and the whole EAI
> effort should IMNSHO never survive something like an IETF Last Call.

-1

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 02 07:59:10 2007
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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: Discussion of draft-ietf-eai-downgrade-03.txt
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On Sat, 31 Mar 2007 12:34:04 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>
>>>> Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="mañana"

> Are you talking about what I see, a Latin-1 &ntilde; ?
> Or was it meant to be an UTF-8 &ntilde; ?

Since my MUA is configured to use IS) 8859-1, what you saw was a Latin-1  
&ntilde;, but what the line

>>>> Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="mañana"

was intended to illustrate was a header containing a UTF-8 &ntilde;, since  
that is what the Utf8headers document proposes to allow; hence its RFC  
2231 encoding would be

>>      Content-Disposition: inline; filename*=utf-8''ma%C3%B1ana

> I tried to 2231 encode the undeclared F1 octet.  Your example
> didn't state that it's a new MIME version allowing raw UTF-8
> in Content-* header fields.

It is what the current Utf8headers draft proposes to allow, without any  
change in the MIME version.

>>> Doesn't it ?  My 2231-attempt was intended for 7BIT, why
>>> does 8BITMIME care about 8bit crap in MIME part headers ?
>
>> Because there is no way to downgrade them to 7bit for a further MTA
>> which does not advertise 8BITMIME. So you need to downgrade it to
>> filename*=utf-8''ma%C3%B1ana before it leaves the UTF8SMTP universe.
>
> Maybe start with a new example where it's clear what you're talking
> about.  MIME 1.0 with an unknown %xF1 garbage is very different
> from "MIME 2.0" with UTF-8 %xC3.B1.  In both cases I don't see
> why 8BITMIME should care about 8bit stuff in the body, it has a
> parameter BODY=8BITMIME.  The definition in RFC 1652 says:

And indeed, RFC 1652 requires it to be transported correctly to other  
systems supporting 8BITMIME. But RFC 1652 also requires it to be  
downgraded before it is passed to a Non-8BITMIME MTA, and there is no way  
to do that downgrade within a MIME part header, because such headers do  
not come withn the scope of any Content-Transfer-Encoding header.
>
> | The value associated with the BODY parameter indicates whether the
> | content body which will be passed using the DATA command consists of
> | a MIME message containing some arbitrary octet-aligned material
> | ("8BITMIME") or is encoded entirely in accordance with [1] ("7BIT").
>
> IMO "some arbitrary octet-aligned material" does _not_ imply that
> servers are supposed to check the MIME syntax, let alone version.

They have no choice but to check the MIME syntax, and in fact that is  
precisely what they do. We have already discused this in connection with  
the source code of Sendmail, which indeed does a full MIME recursive  
descent in order to find bodies of MIME subparts and contained  
message/rfc822 objects where is can then change the C-T-E. But if it  
encounters a MIME part header, or a header in a message/rfc822, that  
contains 8bit stuff, then it is stuck (because such headers are not  
allowed to exist in the present universe).

>> How about
>>    subject: =?utf-8*de?Qtest_?= ?utf-8?Q?%C3%BC?= =?utf-8*en?Q?_this?=
>
> I think that's perfect.  You could also add the spaces to the second
> word, leaving the adjacent words alone -- for cases where you have no
> clue what charset / language / encoding it might be - but there can't
> be any encoding different from "Q" or "B", or can it ?.

RFC 2047 includes provision for new encodings to be invented in the  
future, hence my suggestion for an "I" encoding:

>>     Subject: =?utf-8*es?I?mañana=?

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 02 09:07:20 2007
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Subject: Re: [EAI] Terminology "UTF8SMTP messages"
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On Fri, 30 Mar 2007 19:00:47 +0100, Harald Tveit Alvestrand  
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Please note the following text from -framework:


> By symmetry, the term "UTF8SMTP message" should be reserved for the set  
> of messages that encompasses both RFC 2822 compatible messages and  
> messages which make use of the extensions defined in the memos we are  
> discussing).

However, we still need to define a term to describe that class of objects  
which are "UTF8SMTP" messages, but which are nevertheless not RFC  
2822/2045 objects, because that class is exactly what needs special  
attention when passed to a Non-UTF8SMTP system.

Following the framework document, we might call those "non-ASCII  
messages", or "internationalized messages", but those terms would be  
misleading because we already have messages with Non-ASCII body parts  
using Content-Transfer-Encodings Q-P and Base64, and we don't want any  
suggestion that those are to be covered by our definition.

So what term should be use? "Strict UTF8SMTP messages" is how  
mathematicians would describe them, but that is a bit of a mouthful.
>
> Unless people want to reopen the -framework document and change this  
> terminology, I'm declaring the issue of the term "UTF8SMTP message" a  
> closed one.

Well I don't rule that out, but let us see what else gets suggested.

> For the headers, talking about "ASCII header" and "non-ASCII header"  
> makes sense, but for the whole message, it seems to be a bad fit, given  
> the wide range of non-ASCII stuff that goes into message bodies.

Exactly. That is the problem we face.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 02 16:25:46 2007
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Subject: [EAI] Re: draft-ietf-eai-utf8headers-04.txt (#3) new chapter +
	possible draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04.txt: (#15) update
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Charles Lindsey wrote:

>>> That all depends whether we are going to define message/utf8 or not.
>>> All suggested definitions of that type so far are EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN
>>> by RFC 2045.

>> It's "only" a SHOULD, and necessarily EAI is an excuse to violate it.
 
> RFC 2119 does not define the term "EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN", but I would
> imagine its meaning is at least as strong as "MUST NOT", and probably
> stronger.

The EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN is about CTEs different from 8bit, 7bit, or
binary for composite types (multipart/* or message/* at the moment),
it's on line 926 of RFC 2045.

The "SHOULD" is actually only a "should" about using 7bit for message/*
subtypes in section 5.2.4 in RFC 2046.  In other words a message/utf-8
using 8bit does not violate an upper case SHOULD, and it also doesn't
come into any conflicts with the EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN in RFC 2045.

Frank



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Charles Lindsey wrote:

>> I tried to 2231 encode the undeclared F1 octet.  Your example
>> didn't state that it's a new MIME version allowing raw UTF-8
>> in Content-* header fields.
 
> It is what the current Utf8headers draft proposes to allow,
> without any change in the MIME version.

It has to be fixed, creating its own MIME version explicitly, or
in some obscure way, where an implicitly identified message/utf-8
implicitly also redefines MIME.  One "implicit" too many for my
tastes, I stick to version 1.0 as specified:

| The "multipart" boundary delimiters and header fields are always
| represented as 7bit US-ASCII in any case (though the header
| fields may encode non-US-ASCII header as per RFC 2047)
 [2046 5.1]

| However, in no event are headers (either message headers or body
| part headers) allowed to contain anything other than US-ASCII
| characters.
 [2046 5.1.1]

| The message header fields are always US-ASCII in any case, and
| data within the body can still be encoded, in which case the
| Content-Transfer-Encoding header field in the encapsulated
| message will reflect this.  Non-US-ASCII text in the headers of
| an encapsulated message can be specified using the mechanisms
| described in RFC 2047.
 [2046 5.2.1]

|     MIME-Version: 1.0
|
| The presence of this header field is an assertion that the message
| has been composed in compliance with this document.
 [2045 4]

| Using the MIME-Version, Content-Type, and Content-Transfer-Encoding
| header fields, it is possible to include, in a standardized way,
| arbitrary types of data with RFC 822 conformant mail messages.  No
| restrictions imposed by either RFC 821 or RFC 822 are violated, and
| care has been taken to avoid problems caused by additional
| restrictions imposed by the characteristics of some Internet mail
| transport mechanisms (see RFC 2049).
 [2045 10]

And then there was this series of four MUST in 2047 which should have
told us that any attempt to 2047-encode header field bodies already
containing encoded words to get a "downgrading" effect is moot... :-(

Tough, back to the drawing board.  
  
 [8BITMIME]
> RFC 1652 also requires it to be downgraded before it is passed to a
> Non-8BITMIME MTA, and there is no way to do that downgrade within a
> MIME part header, because such headers do not come withn the scope
> of any Content-Transfer-Encoding header.

8BITMIME to 7BIT is the job of those gatewys, not of UTF8SMTP.  If they
can't do this they're forced to reject the mail.  Of course I fail to 
see any problems with 8bit in MIME part headers because I don't intend
to allow this in the first place (for MIME 1.0 as quoted above).

>> IMO "some arbitrary octet-aligned material" does _not_ imply that
>> servers are supposed to check the MIME syntax, let alone version.
 
> They have no choice but to check the MIME syntax, and in fact that
> is precisely what they do.

If any decent 8BITMIME server receiving BODY=8BITMIME from a client,
and relaying it (as is) to another 8BITMIME mailer, ever looks for
8bit characters in MIME part headers in the body, I'd really wish to
know *why*.  What's it supposed to do with it, reject the mail as 
unsuited for 7bit conversions in a pure 8BITMIME environment ?

> We have already discused this in connection with the source code
> of Sendmail, which indeed does a full MIME recursive descent

That was an 8BITMIME-to-7BIT gateway, not an 8BITMIME-to-8BITMIME
relay.  I assume that UTF8SMTP-to-7BIT is functionally equivalent
to UTF8SMT-to-8BITMIME followed by 8BITMIME-to-7BIT.  If that's the
case EAI only needs to solve UTF8SMTP-to-8BITMIME.  If the 2nd step
(to 7BIT) doesn't work for any reasons, then doing it in one instead
of two steps also won't work.  

And of course I'm talking about "MIME version 1.0" as quoted above.

> if it encounters a MIME part header, or a header in a message/rfc822,
> that contains 8bit stuff, then it is stuck (because such headers are
> not allowed to exist in the present universe).

It's not stuck, it rejects the garbage mail, it's invalid.  Or as the
similar EAI problem description puts it:

| Reject the message or, if necessary, return a non-delivery
| notification message, so that the sender can make another plan.

If in doubt reject, most likely it was anyway spam.

Frank



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Sorry for my too late responses.

> From: Kari Hurtta <hurtta+gmane@siilo.fmi.fi>
> > > |   other headers:
> > > |      All other headers which contains UTF-8 characters are preserved in
> > > |      Downgraded: header and removed.
> > >
> > > Removing of MIME's  Content-Type -header field produces incorrect result.
> > >
> > > Basically mime-type part (type/subtype) of that header-field must be
> > > preserved.
> > > Also following mime paramaters need to be preserved: charset and boundary
> > > These parameter values should be ASCII -only.  Also type/subtype value
> > > should be ASCII -only.
> > 
> > Which just leaves possible <parameter>s with UTF-8 in theor
> > <value>s. We  should define that these are to be downgraded using RFC
> > 2231.

I'll fix this part after utf8header document fix.

If all MIME headers are allowed to contain raw UTF-8 string, all MIME
headers in both mail header fields and MIME bory part headers (at
least outer-most MIME structure) MUST be downgraded using RFC 2231.
Downgrading process MUST parse whole body part if the mail has the
multipart MIME structure.

> And do not forget comments.
> 
> draft-ietf-eai-utf8headers-03.txt:
> 
> |   comment = "(" *([FWS] utf8-ccontent) [FWS] ")"
> |
> |   word    = utf8-atom / utf8-quoted-string
> |
> |   This means that all the RFC 2822 constructs that build upon these
> |   will permit UTF-8 characters, including comments and quoted strings.

It is written in section 6 and 6.1.
But it needs detailed description.

--
Kazunori Fujiwara, JPRS

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On Mon, 02 Apr 2007 21:24:05 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> The EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN is about CTEs different from 8bit, 7bit, or
> binary for composite types (multipart/* or message/* at the moment),
> it's on line 926 of RFC 2045.
>
> The "SHOULD" is actually only a "should" about using 7bit for message/*
> subtypes in section 5.2.4 in RFC 2046.  In other words a message/utf-8
> using 8bit does not violate an upper case SHOULD, and it also doesn't
> come into any conflicts with the EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN in RFC 2045.

But it would conflict with that EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN if you tried to  
downgrade it as envisaged in the current DSN draft. So how would you  
propose to downgrade it?

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
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On Mon, 02 Apr 2007 22:51:40 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Charles Lindsey wrote:

> [8BITMIME]
>> RFC 1652 also requires it to be downgraded before it is passed to a
>> Non-8BITMIME MTA, and there is no way to do that downgrade within a
>> MIME part header, because such headers do not come withn the scope
>> of any Content-Transfer-Encoding header.
>
> 8BITMIME to 7BIT is the job of those gatewys, not of UTF8SMTP.  If they
> can't do this they're forced to reject the mail.  Of course I fail to
> see any problems with 8bit in MIME part headers because I don't intend
> to allow this in the first place (for MIME 1.0 as quoted above).
>
>>> IMO "some arbitrary octet-aligned material" does _not_ imply that
>>> servers are supposed to check the MIME syntax, let alone version.
>
>> They have no choice but to check the MIME syntax, and in fact that
>> is precisely what they do.
>
> If any decent 8BITMIME server receiving BODY=8BITMIME from a client,
> and relaying it (as is) to another 8BITMIME mailer, ever looks for
> 8bit characters in MIME part headers in the body, I'd really wish to
> know *why*.

Nobody has suggested that would be necessary. It is only required when  
downgrading to Non-8BITMIME.

>> We have already discused this in connection with the source code
>> of Sendmail, which indeed does a full MIME recursive descent
>
> That was an 8BITMIME-to-7BIT gateway, not an 8BITMIME-to-8BITMIME
> relay.  I assume that UTF8SMTP-to-7BIT is functionally equivalent
> to UTF8SMT-to-8BITMIME followed by 8BITMIME-to-7BIT.  If that's the
> case EAI only needs to solve UTF8SMTP-to-8BITMIME.

Exactly. Which means that if MIME body part headers contain UTF-8 (whether  
as an extension to MIME 1.0, or as some new-angled MIME 2.0 makes no  
difference), then they have to be downgraded (in a 2231 manner) as soon as  
they leave the UTF8SMTP unoiverse, even if they are still remaining in the  
8BITMIME universe, because the 8BITMIME universe does not othersise know  
how to downgrade them to Non-8BITMIME.

> If the 2nd step
> (to 7BIT) doesn't work for any reasons, then doing it in one instead
> of two steps also won't work.

Exactly, which is why the problem has to be fixed in the first step.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
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From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
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Subject: [EAI] Re: draft-ietf-eai-utf8headers-04.txt (#3) new chapter +
 possible draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04.txt: (#15) update
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Charles Lindsey wrote:

>> The "SHOULD" is actually only a "should" about using 7bit for message/*
>> subtypes in section 5.2.4 in RFC 2046.  In other words a message/utf-8
>> using 8bit does not violate an upper case SHOULD, and it also doesn't
>> come into any conflicts with the EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN in RFC 2045.

> But it would conflict with that EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN if you tried to
> downgrade it as envisaged in the current DSN draft.

The DSN draft is at -00, it's far from ready, it captures the basic ideas
and most issues that have to be addressed in the next rounds of this I-D.

> So how would you propose to downgrade it?

Downgrading a message/utf-8 will be explained in the "downgrading" I-D
for 8BITMIME-to-7BIT gateways knowing what a message/utf-8 is.  If they
don't know this they can either give up, or use a radical approach like
application/message.

We're talking about DSNs concerning messages originally sent from an MSA
supporting UTF8SMTP.  The forward route somehow reached a hop triggering
a DSN, e.g. an ordinary non-delivery report ("bounce").

Now that DSN is returned to the originator "as indicated in the reverse-
path".  There's no problem if the event triggering the DSN was at a 7BIT
mailer, somehow the original message/utf-8 was already "downgraded" to a
7BIT message/rfc822 on the forward route in this case.

Similarly the message was already 8BITMIME if the event triggering a DSN
was at an 8BITMIME mailer, the message/utf-8 was already "downgraded" to
an 8BITMIME message/rfc822 on the forward route in this case.

Therefore we only need to worry about the original message/utf-8 at an
UTF8SMTP capable relay triggering a DSN (e.g. if there's no way forward
for UTF8SMTP, and no way to downgrade the message).

This UTF8SMTP mailer will then be forced to send an UTF8SMTP DSN to an
UTF8SMTP originator.  Unfortunately with 2821-SMTP it's possible that
the reverse route is very different from the forward route, and it can
hit a hop that does not support UTF8SMTP.

If that hop still supports 8BITMIME we're fine, the message/utf-8 part
in the DSN can be downgraded as specified in the "downgrading" I-D (not
yet ready, but no showstopper in sight).

The one and only _bad_ situation is a 7BIT relay on the reverse path.
But we still know that "something" (the MSA and likely the MUA) on the
side of the originator did support UTF8SMTP.  Therefore the DSN only
has to be "tunneled" through this (IMO very unlikely) 7bit hop on the
reverse route.  For that a new MIME type like application/message can
be used to encapsulate any 8bit message/* subtype, not limited to the
message/utf-8 part in the DSN.

If that fails the DSN is rejected (= lost), tough.  UTF8SMTP senders
should make sure that they don't employ 7BIT relays on any routes
associated with their reverse path.  It's no unheard of situation,
senders will learn to get this right.

Last but not least the (IMO unlikely) 7BIT hop in the reverse path
can be on the side of the receiver.  In that case it's an error of
the receiver, they accepted mail in a form that they can't reliably
return if necessary.  They shouldn't do this, like they shouldn't
accept SPF FAIL / mail worms / spam / ...

As you said elsewhere 7bit hops are supposed to die out really soon
now, especially on routes somehow associated with UTF8SMTP routes.

Frank



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Apr 04 03:19:21 2007
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Reminder:

This WG is concerned ONLY with making a mail system based on SMTP that 
works for internationalized mail.

Basic issues that are contentious in SMTP, such as sender verification, 
message signing and the use of returned messages, will NOT be addressed 
by EAI, and technical arguments that basically say "you should do this 
because SMTP needs to be changed in this way anyway", where the change 
is not already in an IETF-approved document, will not be considered.

                         Harald


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Apr 04 06:07:02 2007
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To: IMA <ima@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: draft-ietf-eai-utf8headers-04.txt (#3) new chapter +
	possible draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04.txt: (#15) update
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On Tue, 03 Apr 2007 18:08:00 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Therefore we only need to worry about the original message/utf-8 at an
> UTF8SMTP capable relay triggering a DSN (e.g. if there's no way forward
> for UTF8SMTP, and no way to downgrade the message).

Yes, that is the interesting case from a DSN POV. I already commented ion  
it in my earlier response to that DSN draft (Comments on the DSN draft  
(draft-ietf-eai-dsn-00.txt on March 7th).
>
> This UTF8SMTP mailer will then be forced to send an UTF8SMTP DSN to an
> UTF8SMTP originator.  Unfortunately with 2821-SMTP it's possible that
> the reverse route is very different from the forward route, and it can
> hit a hop that does not support UTF8SMTP.
>
> If that hop still supports 8BITMIME we're fine, the message/utf-8 part
> in the DSN can be downgraded as specified in the "downgrading" I-D (not
> yet ready, but no showstopper in sight).

No we're not fine, because the hop after that might be to Non-8BITMIME.
>
> The one and only _bad_ situation is a 7BIT relay on the reverse path.
> But we still know that "something" (the MSA and likely the MUA) on the
> side of the originator did support UTF8SMTP.  Therefore the DSN only
> has to be "tunneled" through this (IMO very unlikely) 7bit hop on the
> reverse route.

It's unlikely, but that does not make it impossible.

The easiest solution AFAICS is to send the returned message as a  
message/rfc822 (UTF8SMTP-universe version). We are gong to need a  
downgrade mechanism for that beast in any case (essentially, you  
recursively descend through it and downgrade such UTF8SMTP headers, or  
whatever we decide to call them, as they are found).

If you are just returning headers, then they are sent as a  
text/utf-8-headers (or maybe even the existing text/rfc822-headers if you  
can get away with adding a charset parameter to it). Text/* types are  
already downgradable by current 8BITMIME downgraders.

And for the delivery status itself you need a message/utf8-delivery-status  
(or rather an application/utf8-delivery-status because it is easier to  
write a downgrade for it) or maybe an extended version of the existing  
message/delivery-status (but that extension might be tricky).

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Apr 04 07:44:30 2007
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I did a count for all "my" WGs today on who's sent how much mail over 
the last 2 weeks.
Here are the results for EAI:

msgs since 21-Mar-2007
  1   53  27.04 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
  2   52  53.57 Kari Hurtta <hurtta+gmane@siilo.fmi.fi>
  3   29  68.37 "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
  4   10  73.47 "YAO Jiankang" <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
  5    8  77.55 Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
  6    7  81.12 "Yao Jiankang" <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
  7    7  84.69 Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
  8    6  87.76 "abel" <abelyang@twnic.net.tw>
  9    6  90.82 Kari Hurtta <hurtta+ietf@siilo.fmi.fi>
 10    5  93.37 John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
 11    4  95.41 Bill McQuillan <McQuilWP@pobox.com>
 12    2  96.43 Yangwoo Ko <newcat@icu.ac.kr>
 13    2  97.45 Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
 14    1  97.96 Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
 15    1  98.47 fujiwara@jprs.co.jp
 16    1  98.98 Ted Hardie <hardie@qualcomm.com>
 17    1  99.49 "Kari Hurtta" <hurtta+gmane@siilo.fmi.fi>
 18    1 100.00 Arnt Gulbrandsen <arnt@oryx.com>



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Apr 04 10:13:33 2007
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As of this moment, I believe the current alternatives are on the table:

A - New SMTP argument to MAIL FROM: HDR=, with defined value HDR=UTF8

This indicates that the message being sent contains UTF-8 data in MAIL 
FROM, RCPT TO or headers (including inner body headers), which means 
that it needs downgrading before it can be passed to an ASCII-only 
recipient.

Advantage: In the case where the recieving MTA knows which recipients 
can handle UTF8SMTP mail, and the MTA does not have downgrade 
capability, it can reject recipients by replying to the RCPT TO command 
with an appropriate error code.
(It will still have to do downgrade-or-bounce if it discovers the final 
destination after accepting the RCPT TO command.)

Advantage: The MTA can decide on whether downgrading is required based 
on the SMTP argument, and can treat any 8-bit character in the headers 
as a protocol error if the flag is not given.

B - No new SMTP argument.

Advantage: Less complexity. No need for an MTA to consider whether or 
not to apply downgrading based on the error code it got back; any 
recipients rejected with a 5XX code can be considered rejected immediately.

Advantage: Less cruft for the UTF8SMTP case - cleaner end state.

There are other opinions on the relative merits of the two alternatives, 
but I believe those are the most important ones

If you have an opinion on this issue, please send a note to the mailing 
list with ONE of the following statements:

A - I support HDR=UTF8
B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
C - I have an opinion different from the 2 alternatives given, which is....

This poll closes in 7 days, on April 9, 2007.

                       Harald, for the chairs



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A - I support HDR=UTF8



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Harald Alvestrand wrote:
> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8

Support B.

This will (hopefully) result in a more cleanly internationalized email 
environment. (Next generation email developers will wonder why we should 
ALWAYS put HDR=UTF8 if we go for A)

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Yangwoo Ko wrote:

> Next generation email developers will wonder why we should
> ALWAYS put HDR=UTF8 if we go for A

That's IMO not the case, it's possible to have this scenario:

envelope:
 MAIL FROM:<me@ascii.example>
 RCPT TO:<you@utf-8.example>
 RCPT TO:<2nd@ascii.example>
 DATA
  From:me@ascii.example
  To:2nd@ascii.example
  ...

An ordinary message/rfc822 from an ASCII-address, to a second
ASCII address, with a blind carbon copy to your UTF-8 address.

If the 2nd address is a rfc822 mailbox the mail can be accepted
as is for 2nd@ascii (no message/utf-8, no downgrading required).

Another slightly more tricky scenario without HDR=UTF-8:

envelope:
 MAIL FROM:<you@utf-8.example> ALT-ADDRESS=you@ascii.example
 RCPT TO:<me@ascii.example>
 DATA
  From:you@ascii.example
  To:me@ascii.example
  ...

You used your default envelope sender address including an
ASCII alternative.   Knowing that the mail is to me you did
not send a message/utf-8, but an ordinary message/rfc822.

The receiving SMTP might try to record the Return-Path incl.
your UTF8SMTP address, thereby modifying the message/rfc822
into a message/utf-8.  But if it knows that my mailbox can't
handle message/utf-8 that would be a bad move, and accepting
the mail as is with an ASCII Return-Path: <you@ascii.example>
will work.

Without a HDR=UTF-8 the mailer can assume that the DATA is
an ordinary 8BITMIME message/rfc822 (with an ASCII header),
and reject it after DATA if that turns out to be a lie.

Frank

P.S.:  I've omitted BODY=8BITMIME in the example envelopes



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--On Wednesday, 04 April, 2007 16:13 +0200 Harald Alvestrand
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> If you have an opinion on this issue, please send a note to
> the mailing list with ONE of the following statements:
> 
> A - I support HDR=UTF8
> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
> C - I have an opinion different from the 2 alternatives given,
> which is....

I support B -- NOT adding an additional parameter.

My reasoning is a trifle different from your summary so, for
whatever it is worth...

(i) We know this parameter is not strictly necessary, even if it
might be a convenience in some cases.

(ii) Every additional parameter we add that isn't strictly
orthogonal to all the others creates an additional opportunity
for silly states.  That, in term, requires that we understand,
and probably specify actions for, the error conditions, and
increases the risks of interoperability problems and bugs.
>From a syntax standpoint, if we add HDR=UTF8, a mail transaction
can contain any combination of zero or more of HDR, BODY, and
ALT-ADDR.  So, for example...

	Are all of those combinations meaningful?  If they are
	not, and some of the inconsistent ones are specified,
	what do we expect to have happen?  In particular, do we
	treat HDR=UTF8 as implying BODY=8BITMIME strongly enough
	that the latter can be omitted?  Could that cause other
	problems?  Or, if we don't make that type of rule, could
	HDR without BODY take us back down the path of "Just
	Send <whatever>"?  

While I think that, given time and energy, we could answer those
questions, produce firm specifications, and expect that most
(but not all) implementations would understand and follow the
instructions well enough to get things right, it seems to me to
be a high cost and high risk for something that is not
absolutely necessary.    And...

(iii) If our target and expectation are a long-term mail
environment in which substantially everyone supports UTF8SMTP
and those who do not understand that they are running crippled
and obsolete systems, then this parameter becomes long-term
clutter with no value.  The same could be said about 8BITMIME
today and perhaps, long-term, about ALT-ADDR itself.  But the
existence of two of them is, IMO, a strong reason to not add a
third, not a justification for it.

      john




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On Tue, 03 Apr 2007 18:08:00 +0100, Frank Ellermann
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Charles Lindsey wrote:

> The DSN draft is at -00, it's far from ready, it captures the basic ideas
> and most issues that have to be addressed in the next rounds of this I-D.
>
>> So how would you propose to downgrade it?
>
> Downgrading a message/utf-8 will be explained in the "downgrading" I-D
> for 8BITMIME-to-7BIT gateways knowing what a message/utf-8 is.  If they
> don't know this they can either give up, or use a radical approach like
> application/message.

Yes, you keep saying that it will be downgraded, as if this were a solved
problem.

I have repeatedly asked you to state plainly what you mean by a
"message/utf-8" and exactly how you would propose to downgrade it. It is
no use continuing to discuss it unless you are willing to do that. At
present, it is just vapourware.



-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
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From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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On Wed, Apr 04, 2007 at 03:26:13PM -0400, John C Klensin wrote:
> 
> (iii) If our target and expectation are a long-term mail
> environment in which substantially everyone supports UTF8SMTP
> and those who do not understand that they are running crippled
> and obsolete systems, then this parameter becomes long-term
> clutter with no value.  The same could be said about 8BITMIME
> today and perhaps, long-term, about ALT-ADDR itself.  But the
> existence of two of them is, IMO, a strong reason to not add a
> third, not a justification for it.

UTF8 is one of ASCII compatible encodings of full Unicode characters. 

KSC5601,BIG5 etc are all ASCII compatible encodings for subsets of Unicode
characters. Some mail vendors want to use "HDR=KSC5601" for regional needs.

Moreover, we can't assume there won't come any other ASCII compatible 
encoding UTF?? (other than UTF8) of full Unicode characters in the future.

Soobok

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Date: Thu, 5 Apr 2007 09:41:58 +0900
From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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On Wed, Apr 04, 2007 at 04:13:01PM +0200, Harald Alvestrand wrote:
> 
> A - I support HDR=UTF8
> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
> C - I have an opinion different from the 2 alternatives given, which is....

C)  HDR= is newly defined parameter. But HDR=UTF8 is optional and may be omitted.

    Mail servers may assume HDR=UTF8 if HDR= parameter is not prenet in SMTP session.

This is for making room for other encoding than UTF8 in HDR=.

Soobok
    

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   A - I support HDR=UTF8

(however not very strongly)

   Paramater value should NOT look like charset name, therefore

              HDR=UTF8SMTP

   is better value for HDR.


( otherwise there is danger for invention of HDR=KSC560
  as Soobok Lee mentions)

( I think that in somewhere on Header-Type: label 
  thread I mentioned that I prefer ESMTP parameter. )

/ Kari Hurtta


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Really sorry for making you confused. Please blame my poor English 
rather than me :-( .

My gut feeling said that IF we are very successful (i.e. new clean 
UTF8SMTP world), lazy developers will always put HDR=UTF8 regardless of 
whether it is really needed or not because;

(1) it is harmless if there is no UTF8SMTP-incapable server en route, 
which will be very often the case.

(2) it doesn't need to implement and run codes to check whether this 
option should be added or not.

Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Yangwoo Ko wrote:
> 
>> Next generation email developers will wonder why we should
>> ALWAYS put HDR=UTF8 if we go for A
> 
> That's IMO not the case, it's possible to have this scenario:
> 
> envelope:
>  MAIL FROM:<me@ascii.example>
>  RCPT TO:<you@utf-8.example>
>  RCPT TO:<2nd@ascii.example>
>  DATA
>   From:me@ascii.example
>   To:2nd@ascii.example
>   ...
> 
> An ordinary message/rfc822 from an ASCII-address, to a second
> ASCII address, with a blind carbon copy to your UTF-8 address.
> 
> If the 2nd address is a rfc822 mailbox the mail can be accepted
> as is for 2nd@ascii (no message/utf-8, no downgrading required).
> 
> Another slightly more tricky scenario without HDR=UTF-8:
> 
> envelope:
>  MAIL FROM:<you@utf-8.example> ALT-ADDRESS=you@ascii.example
>  RCPT TO:<me@ascii.example>
>  DATA
>   From:you@ascii.example
>   To:me@ascii.example
>   ...
> 
> You used your default envelope sender address including an
> ASCII alternative.   Knowing that the mail is to me you did
> not send a message/utf-8, but an ordinary message/rfc822.
> 
> The receiving SMTP might try to record the Return-Path incl.
> your UTF8SMTP address, thereby modifying the message/rfc822
> into a message/utf-8.  But if it knows that my mailbox can't
> handle message/utf-8 that would be a bad move, and accepting
> the mail as is with an ASCII Return-Path: <you@ascii.example>
> will work.
> 
> Without a HDR=UTF-8 the mailer can assume that the DATA is
> an ordinary 8BITMIME message/rfc822 (with an ASCII header),
> and reject it after DATA if that turns out to be a lie.
> 
> Frank
> 
> P.S.:  I've omitted BODY=8BITMIME in the example envelopes
> 
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
> 
> 


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From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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On Thu, Apr 05, 2007 at 08:16:15AM +0300, Kari Hurtta wrote:
> 
>    A - I support HDR=UTF8
> 
> (however not very strongly)
> 
>    Paramater value should NOT look like charset name, therefore
> 
>               HDR=UTF8SMTP
> 
>    is better value for HDR.
>

I agree with  you that UTF8SMTP is better and clearer.

This is somewhat off the topic, but, I am not UTF8 partisan. 

Some proprietary solutions may introduce HDR=KSC5601SMTP
for internal or regional use for their own *risk*/benefit. 
many email portals are using local charset encoding for 
both header and *body* in 8-bit clean format of single message
file for storage/transfer efficiency.

We don't need to try to standardize such non-standard
way of SMTP here.  Defining some "HDR=" parameter values is enough.
Let them extend parameter values for their own risk /benefits
in interoperable ways. 

Soobok

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To: IMA <ima@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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On Wed, 04 Apr 2007 15:13:01 +0100, Harald Alvestrand  
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> As of this moment, I believe the current alternatives are on the table:
>
> A - New SMTP argument to MAIL FROM: HDR=, with defined value HDR=UTF8
>
> This indicates that the message being sent contains UTF-8 data in MAIL  
> FROM, RCPT TO or headers (including inner body headers), which means  
> that it needs downgrading before it can be passed to an ASCII-only  
> recipient.

Not sure that is quite right. Frank has raised the possibility that there  
might be  a MAIL FROM or a RCPT TO with utf-8 address (possibly  
+ Alt-address) but a body that was 100% pure ASCII. It is arguable that  
case does not need HDR=UTF8 because the MAIL FROM or RCPT TO commands  
already show the extent to which UTF8SMTP is required for the next hop.

> Advantage: The MTA can decide on whether downgrading is required based  
> on the SMTP argument, and can treat any 8-bit character in the headers  
> as a protocol error if the flag is not given.

Ans that is the argument that was given for the Header-Type header, but it  
did not carry thew day then.

So I suppose that makes me C, because I don't think the definition is  
quite right.

But between A and B I am more or less neutral - perhaps marginally in  
favour of B, on the grounds that even if HDR-UTF-8 is not given, you can't  
be sure  until you actually look at the body (though that means you can  
only tell after DATA, which might make you decide to reject rather than do  
a last-minute downgrade).

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
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Yangwoo Ko wrote:
 
> My gut feeling said that IF we are very successful (i.e. new clean
> UTF8SMTP world), lazy developers will always put HDR=UTF8 regardless
> of whether it is really needed or not because;
 
> (1) it is harmless if there is no UTF8SMTP-incapable server en route,
> which will be very often the case.
 
> (2) it doesn't need to implement and run codes to check whether this
> option should be added or not.

Yes, that's a plausible scenario.  OTOH if receivers reject HDR=UTF8 --
or as Kari said HDR=UTF8SMTP -- for mailboxes not accepting this type
of message ("strict" message/utf-8 or "lazy developer" message/rfc822)
the senders getting unnecessary bounces would submit bug reports... :-)

The parameter makes it easier to "opt-in" to EAI for the parts of the
world where it's not very relevant (Latin-1 languages close to ASCII),
and where users will keep their "legacy" mailboxes for some decades.

Without the parameter well-behaved MXs without "downgrade" capability
will have to reject any UTF8SMTP message after DATA as soon as there's
a single "legacy" mailbox.  Ordinary users do not upgrade unless it's
very important, or they install a new operating system.  Or mybe it's
only me (= lazy user). 

Frank



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I don't have any particular opinion, but I wonder why the BODY= parameter
was deemed necessary if we now think a HDR= parameter is not.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
NORTH FAIR ISLE: NORTHEAST 4 OR 5, BACKING NORTHWEST 3 OR 4. ROUGH OR VERY
ROUGH. RAIN OR DRIZZLE THEN FAIR. MODERATE OR POOR BECOMING GOOD.

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--On Thursday, 05 April, 2007 17:15 +0100 Tony Finch
<dot@dotat.at> wrote:

> I don't have any particular opinion, but I wonder why the
> BODY= parameter was deemed necessary if we now think a HDR=
> parameter is not.

You'd need to ask Ned -- he may remember the discussion, if
there was one.  But, if I needed to guess, I would say that we
were 

	(i) more optimistic about the ability to believe
	parameter values than we are now
	
	(ii) more optimistic about the ability to delay in-depth
	message examination and the importance of doing so than
	we are now
	
	(iii) justifiably concerned about the implications of
	the Just-send-8 trend and a need to construct a wall
	around it.

If your question is really about whether we would require that
parameter if we were doing 8BITMIME for the first time today, I
would share your doubts.

    john


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Soobok Lee wrote:

>> HDR=UTF8SMTP
>>    is better value for HDR.

> I agree with  you that UTF8SMTP is better and clearer.

+1, as for BODY=8BITMIME, using the name of the extension.

> This is somewhat off the topic, but, I am not UTF8 partisan.

We could start a club of "legacy charset dinosaurs"... :-)

But in practice UTF-8 will be the "new ASCII", with those
partisans claiming that it already is for at least 7 years.

> Some proprietary solutions may introduce HDR=KSC5601SMTP

<shudder />  No, they won't, not on port 25, it's a horrible
idea.  I like pc-multilingual-850+euro, but not in a header.

In <org/20070405001535.GB17458@ns5.lsb.org> you wrote:
| Moreover, we can't assume there won't come any other ASCII
| compatible encoding UTF?? (other than UTF8) of full Unicode
| characters in the future.

It's theoretically impossible to design an "ASCII compatible"
UTF "better" than UTF-8 -- i.e. without giving up one or more
essential features of UTF-8.  Ignoring all draft-terrell-* :-)

Frank



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--On Thursday, 05 April, 2007 19:20 +0200 Frank Ellermann
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Soobok Lee wrote:
> 
>>> HDR=UTF8SMTP
>>>    is better value for HDR.
> 
>> I agree with  you that UTF8SMTP is better and clearer.
> 
> +1, as for BODY=8BITMIME, using the name of the extension.
> 
>> This is somewhat off the topic, but, I am not UTF8 partisan.
> 
> We could start a club of "legacy charset dinosaurs"... :-)
> 
> But in practice UTF-8 will be the "new ASCII", with those
> partisans claiming that it already is for at least 7 years.

I have to agree with this.  And anyone who considers me a UTF-8
partisan, or Unicode partisan more generally, should consult the
UTC.    But, for international use, the choices are between
Unicode (in some coding), local character sets with universal
labeling and great potential for an N**2 problem, or going off
and inventing a new UCS.  Fortunately or unfortunately, there is
absolutely no evidence of energy for the third and little
evidence that, faced with similar constraints, a new effort
would produce a significantly better overall result than
Unicode. So it behooves us to accept Unicode (and, for many
purposes, UTF-8), mostly stop complaining about it, and try to
make it work.
 
>...
> In <org/20070405001535.GB17458@ns5.lsb.org> you wrote:
> | Moreover, we can't assume there won't come any other ASCII
> | compatible encoding UTF?? (other than UTF8) of full Unicode
> | characters in the future.
> 
> It's theoretically impossible to design an "ASCII compatible"
> UTF "better" than UTF-8 -- i.e. without giving up one or more
> essential features of UTF-8.  Ignoring all draft-terrell-* :-)

Well, I think that depends on one's objectives.  Put
differently, some of the "essential features" of UTF-8 are
pathological in some contexts.  Punycode points to a family of
block encodings that are better for some purposes: ignoring the
specifics of the IDNA application, they use an offset into
Unicode followed by coding that is dependent on the block/region
starting with that offset.  It has much better properties than
UTF-8 if one is concerned about characters that are "high" in
the BMP or even higher.

Similarly, an essential property of UTF-8 is that ASCII
characters are coded as themselves.  Even taking that as a
given, it then marches up the Unicode spec, with the next blocks
of codes being encoded into two octets and the strings getting
longer as one goes up.  In principle, one could design a code
that would preserve this ASCII property but subtract the value
of every character above U+007F from 0xFFFF, yielding a signed
integer that was negative in the rest of the BMP and positive
otherwise.  If one then applied a UTF-8-like coding to that
integer, one would end up with a code that maintained the
essential ASCII-as-ASCII property, but was much more friendly to
non-European scripts than to European ones.

All of that said, I don't see any strong movement away from
UTF-8 and, even if there were, would see immense
interoperability advantages to converting to UTF-8 before
putting something onto or pulling it off of, the proverbial wire.

     john


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To: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>, Kari Hurtta <hurtta+gmane@siilo.fmi.fi>
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--On Thursday, 05 April, 2007 15:36 +0900 Soobok Lee
<lsb@lsb.org> wrote:

> On Thu, Apr 05, 2007 at 08:16:15AM +0300, Kari Hurtta wrote:
>> 
>>    A - I support HDR=UTF8
>> 
>> (however not very strongly)
>> 
>>    Paramater value should NOT look like charset name,
>>    therefore
>> 
>>               HDR=UTF8SMTP
>> 
>>    is better value for HDR.
>> 
> 
> I agree with  you that UTF8SMTP is better and clearer.
> 
> This is somewhat off the topic, but, I am not UTF8 partisan. 
> 
> Some proprietary solutions may introduce HDR=KSC5601SMTP
> for internal or regional use for their own *risk*/benefit. 
> many email portals are using local charset encoding for 
> both header and *body* in 8-bit clean format of single message
> file for storage/transfer efficiency.
> 
> We don't need to try to standardize such non-standard
> way of SMTP here.  Defining some "HDR=" parameter values is
> enough. Let them extend parameter values for their own risk
> /benefits in interoperable ways. 

Hmm.  A few observations, partially as free advice for those
contemplating doing this...

First, one thing we keep learning, over and over again, is that
things leak.  There is almost no such thing as "internal or
regional use" that doesn't end up showing up somewhere else and
causing greater or lesser problems when it does.  This is a
strong argument for localizing all one wants to but, when
something is actually transmitted, using the global/standardized
forms and then, if necessary, re-localizing at the far end.

Second,  if one is going to invent locally-coded header forms
and put them on the wire, contrary to the advice above, there
are many reasons why it is probably better to do that with a
switch --e.g., advertising a EHLO option of
X-Korean-special-Mail and using MAIL FROM:<a@b>
X-Korean-special-Mail-- that to fuss around with fine-tuning the
argument values to standard parameters and hoping that the right
thing will happen.   Experience indicates that, if the only
valid arguments to HDR= are "UTF8" or "ASCII" (or some alternate
spelling of those), then an implementation that treats
everything as UTF-8 may simply ignore the parameter, getting
into trouble if KSC5601 is specified instead.

In any event, this is not an argument for a HDR= parameter.   If
anything, it is an argument against such a parameter because, if
one wants to make a local extension that violates the standard,
interoperability considerations suggest that it be as clear and
distinctive as possible.

best,
      john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Thu Apr 05 16:30:38 2007
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John C Klensin wrote:

>> It's theoretically impossible to design an "ASCII compatible"
>> UTF "better" than UTF-8 -- i.e. without giving up one or more
>> essential features of UTF-8.  Ignoring all draft-terrell-* :-)

> Well, I think that depends on one's objectives.  Put
> differently, some of the "essential features" of UTF-8 are
> pathological in some contexts.

The essential features I've in mind are:

1: anywhere in a stream of octets it's always clear where you are,
   at an ASCII character, at the begin of a multi-octet UTF-8, or
   in the tail of a multi-octet UTF-8 encoding.
2: each Unicode point has only one corresponding "canonical" UTF-8
   encoding.
3: flipping a single bit destroys precisely one character.
4: the lead octet determines the length of the encoding.
5: if an octet appears to be ASCII it really is ASCII.

Encoding is (almost) straight forward modulo 64.  STD 63 decoding
is minimally harder, but still trivial.

> Punycode points to a family of block encodings that are better
> for some purposes: ignoring the specifics of the IDNA application,
> they use an offset into Unicode followed by coding that is
> dependent on the block/region starting with that offset.

Yes, but AFAIK it can't encode Unicode strings of arbitrary length,
please correct me if that's wrong, the one thing I know for sure
about punycode is that it's *not* trivial... :-)  BOCU-1 could be
an alternative, but it doesn't have property (3), flipping a bit
could destroy a complete line.

> In principle, one could design a code that would preserve this
> ASCII property but subtract the value of every character above
> U+007F from 0xFFFF, yielding a signed integer that was negative
> in the rest of the BMP and positive otherwise.  If one then
> applied a UTF-8-like coding to that integer, one would end up
> with a code that maintained the essential ASCII-as-ASCII
> property, but was much more friendly to non-European scripts
> than to European ones.

FRom u+0080 up to u+7FFF you'd still have to encode 16 bits, an
"UTF-8 like coding" would then need three 10xx xxxx tail octets,
and one 1110 0001 lead byte.  It starts to get friendlier with
u+8000 ff., but the upper part of the BMP contains lots of code
points never used in ordinary texts (like surrogates and 34 non-
characters).  I don't think that that's really "better", it's a
kind of permutation.  I'm not sure what your algorithm does with
code points in planes 1 to 15, maybe just use the original UTF-8.

> I don't see any strong movement away from UTF-8

I don't see any movement away from UTF-8 at all.  BOCU-1 didn't
make it so far, and SCSU isn't MIME compatible.  And "UTF-4" is
only a theoretical construct imitating all features of UTF-8,
replacing "ASCII" by "ASCII or u+00A0 up to u+00FF" (Latin-1).

Frank



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Frank Ellermann confused five and six bits:

> FRom u+0080 up to u+7FFF you'd still have to encode 16 bits, an
> "UTF-8 like coding" would then need three 10xx xxxx tail octets,

Correction:  It would use 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx (3 octets)

And with 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx it can encode 11 bits in 2 octets,
for John's algorithm that boundary is at u+F800.  For most code
points in the BMP it would need three octets just like UTF-8.

Frank



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From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
Subject: Re: [EAI] OT: HDR=KSC5601SMTP (was: POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM)
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On Thu, Apr 05, 2007 at 01:51:48PM -0400, John C Klensin wrote:
> > It's theoretically impossible to design an "ASCII compatible"
> > UTF "better" than UTF-8 -- i.e. without giving up one or more
> > essential features of UTF-8.  Ignoring all draft-terrell-* :-)
> 
> Similarly, an essential property of UTF-8 is that ASCII
> characters are coded as themselves.  Even taking that as a
> given, it then marches up the Unicode spec, with the next blocks
> of codes being encoded into two octets and the strings getting
> longer as one goes up.  In principle, one could design a code
> that would preserve this ASCII property but subtract the value
> of every character above U+007F from 0xFFFF, yielding a signed
> integer that was negative in the rest of the BMP and positive
> otherwise.  If one then applied a UTF-8-like coding to that
> integer, one would end up with a code that maintained the
> essential ASCII-as-ASCII property, but was much more friendly to
> non-European scripts than to European ones.

<OT>
Thanks for your interesting comment. Yes. There is much room
for improvement or adjustment in future UTF8-variant  encodings 
for non-western-european characters. 

UTF8 multiplies length of strings by 50%~200%, compared with local charset
encodings.

Cyrillic/Greek/Hebrew/Arabic strings : 200 % ( 1->3 octets)
Chinese/Japanese/Korean strings (DBCS): 50 % ( 2->3 octets)

UTF8 is still not in overwhelming use in email messages worldwide, 
even though it was born 7~8 years ago.
Main use of utf8 encoding in email is a fallback encoding to encode 
non-local-charset characters in headers or body.

If you consult gmail/yahoo/hotmail personels, they will reply to you  that
they welcome local charset encodings as currently most favored encodings
over utf8 for email messages.

</OT>

My position is this : Let's go with UTF8 now, but let's leave rooms for
other encodings for future needs.


Soobok

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Soobok Lee wrote:
> On Thu, Apr 05, 2007 at 01:51:48PM -0400, John C Klensin wrote:
>>> It's theoretically impossible to design an "ASCII compatible"
>>> UTF "better" than UTF-8 -- i.e. without giving up one or more
>>> essential features of UTF-8.  Ignoring all draft-terrell-* :-)
>> Similarly, an essential property of UTF-8 is that ASCII
>> characters are coded as themselves.  Even taking that as a
>> given, it then marches up the Unicode spec, with the next blocks
>> of codes being encoded into two octets and the strings getting
>> longer as one goes up.  In principle, one could design a code
>> that would preserve this ASCII property but subtract the value
>> of every character above U+007F from 0xFFFF, yielding a signed
>> integer that was negative in the rest of the BMP and positive
>> otherwise.  If one then applied a UTF-8-like coding to that
>> integer, one would end up with a code that maintained the
>> essential ASCII-as-ASCII property, but was much more friendly to
>> non-European scripts than to European ones.
> 
> <OT>
> Thanks for your interesting comment. Yes. There is much room
> for improvement or adjustment in future UTF8-variant  encodings 
> for non-western-european characters. 
> 
> UTF8 multiplies length of strings by 50%~200%, compared with local charset
> encodings.
> 
> Cyrillic/Greek/Hebrew/Arabic strings : 200 % ( 1->3 octets)
> Chinese/Japanese/Korean strings (DBCS): 50 % ( 2->3 octets)
> 
> UTF8 is still not in overwhelming use in email messages worldwide, 
> even though it was born 7~8 years ago.
> Main use of utf8 encoding in email is a fallback encoding to encode 
> non-local-charset characters in headers or body.
> 
> If you consult gmail/yahoo/hotmail personels, they will reply to you  that
> they welcome local charset encodings as currently most favored encodings
> over utf8 for email messages.
> 
> </OT>
> 
> My position is this : Let's go with UTF8 now, but let's leave rooms for
> other encodings for future needs.

Significant increase of network throughput and even faster drop of 
storage prices make me little impressed by the fact that UTF-8 is not 
the best solution for some languages (including ours :-) ).

In addition to this, as far as my mail experiences are concerned, 
majority of bits transmitted over email messages are from big 
attachments such as PDFs, PPTs, and ZIPs, which are not that relevant to 
character encoding issues.

> 
> 
> Soobok
> 
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
> 
> 


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Thu Apr 05 21:37:33 2007
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Date: Fri, 6 Apr 2007 10:37:21 +0900
From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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On Thu, Apr 05, 2007 at 02:29:39PM -0400, John C Klensin wrote:
> 
> First, one thing we keep learning, over and over again, is that
> things leak.  There is almost no such thing as "internal or
> regional use" that doesn't end up showing up somewhere else and
> causing greater or lesser problems when it does.  This is a
> strong argument for localizing all one wants to but, when
> something is actually transmitted, using the global/standardized
> forms and then, if necessary, re-localizing at the far end.
> 
> Second,  if one is going to invent locally-coded header forms
> and put them on the wire, contrary to the advice above, there
> are many reasons why it is probably better to do that with a
> switch --e.g., advertising a EHLO option of
> X-Korean-special-Mail and using MAIL FROM:<a@b>
> X-Korean-special-Mail-- that to fuss around with fine-tuning the
> argument values to standard parameters and hoping that the right
> thing will happen.  

Yes.  For this case, HDR= alone is not enough, and local EHLO option
like above is needed, as you point out.

>  Experience indicates that, if the only
> valid arguments to HDR= are "UTF8" or "ASCII" (or some alternate
> spelling of those), then an implementation that treats
> everything as UTF-8 may simply ignore the parameter, getting
> into trouble if KSC5601 is specified instead.
> 
> In any event, this is not an argument for a HDR= parameter.   If
> anything, it is an argument against such a parameter because, if
> one wants to make a local extension that violates the standard,
> interoperability considerations suggest that it be as clear and
> distinctive as possible.

Thank you for your advice.  

Soobok

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From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
Subject: (correction)Re: [EAI] OT: HDR=KSC5601SMTP (was: POLL: HDR= extension
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On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 10:13:32AM +0900, Soobok Lee wrote:
> 
> UTF8 multiplies length of strings by 50%~200%, compared with local charset
> encodings.
> 
> Cyrillic/Greek/Hebrew/Arabic strings : 200 % ( 1->3 octets)

Correction:

> Cyrillic/Greek/Hebrew/Arabic strings : 100 % ( 1->2 octets) ( < U+0800)

Addition:

  Devanagari : 200 % ( 1->3 octets) ( >= U+0900)


> Chinese/Japanese/Korean strings (DBCS): 50 % ( 2->3 octets)
> 

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From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: YAO Jiankang <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
Subject: Re: [EAI] OT: HDR=KSC5601SMTP (was: POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM)
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On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 09:52:53AM +0800, YAO Jiankang wrote:
> 
> >but let's leave rooms for
> > other encodings for future needs.
> 
> if  too many encoding are used,  every system 

 I am talking about proprietary local/internal/regional *extensions*
of UTF8SMTP. Such systems should be able to talk with UTF8SMTP-only
system. So UTF8SMTP-only system have no problem with communicating
such extended systems. Burdens of converting/back-converting from/to 
UTF8 message fall only onto the extended system side. Think about 
the smooth operation bewteen non-UTF8SMTP-aware and UTF8SMTP-aware systems 
mediated by UTF8SMTP EHLO option.  It's similar in above extension.

> have to need a lot of encoding to communicate with other machines.
> that is a bad things. this is a obstacle to communication. 
> so I do not like HDR= extension.

Soobok

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Date: Fri, 6 Apr 2007 11:21:54 +0900
From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: Yangwoo Ko <newcat@icu.ac.kr>
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On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 10:29:30AM +0900, Yangwoo Ko wrote:
> 
> Significant increase of network throughput and even faster drop of 
> storage prices make me little impressed by the fact that UTF-8 is not 
> the best solution for some languages (including ours :-) ).

Email portals compete with one another and always under pressure
for cost cut  to make profits. If you can, try to ask portal personels
about how much they pay for netowrk/storage in a month and about
whether they welcome 50~200% increase of network/storage needs and
about why they still stick to local charset encodings in message format
even now after utf8 is born 7~8 years ago. 

They will make best answers than me.

Soobok

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Yes. I agree with John's feeling, but the 'negative instead of positive'
doesn't really help much. First, between U+FFFF and U+F800, it's all
compatibility dead bodies, and we definitely do NOT want to code them
shorter. Similarly, the stuff outside the BMP is there for a very
good reason: it's used extremely rarely, and therefore doesn't really
need much compression.

What could in theory be done, but would require more complex
operations (or a redesign of the code table, and I guess we all
agree we don't want to go there) is to move the various Latin
blocks out of the area below U+0800, and move in some other
frequently used scripts, starting with Devanagari. The reason
for this is that once you have basic Latin (=ASCII) with one
byte per character, paying three bytes per character for
characters with diacritics isn't too bad; even in languages
that use diacritics heavily (Vietnamese, Polish,...), you'd
most probably still stay below 2 bytes per character on average.

You could press along this route and move out non-basic Arabic
and Syriac and open up space for a script or two more below the
U+0800 boundary, and so on, but whatever you do, there will still
be too little space to fit the currently used alphabetic scripts
all into that space.

Not that I'm proposing to do any of this, of course!

Regards,     Martin.


At 06:24 07/04/06, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>Frank Ellermann confused five and six bits:
>
>> FRom u+0080 up to u+7FFF you'd still have to encode 16 bits, an
>> "UTF-8 like coding" would then need three 10xx xxxx tail octets,
>
>CorrectFrom ima-bounces@ietf.org Thu Apr 05 22:49:19 2007
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Yes. I agree with John's feeling, but the 'negative instead of positive'
doesn't really help much. First, between U+FFFF and U+F800, it's all
compatibility dead bodies, and we definitely do NOT want to code them
shorter. Similarly, the stuff outside the BMP is there for a very
good reason: it's used extremely rarely, and therefore doesn't really
need much compression.

What could in theory be done, but would require more complex
operations (or a redesign of the code table, and I guess we all
agree we don't want to go there) is to move the various Latin
blocks out of the area below U+0800, and move in some other
frequently used scripts, starting with Devanagari. The reason
for this is that once you have basic Latin (=ASCII) with one
byte per character, paying three bytes per character for
characters with diacritics isn't too bad; even in languages
that use diacritics heavily (Vietnamese, Polish,...), you'd
most probably still stay below 2 bytes per character on average.

You could press along this route and move out non-basic Arabic
and Syriac and open up space for a script or two more below the
U+0800 boundary, and so on, but whatever you do, there will still
be too little space to fit the currently used alphabetic scripts
all into that space.

Not that I'm proposing to do any of this, of course!

Regards,     Martin.


At 06:24 07/04/06, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>Frank Ellermann confused five and six bits:
>
>> FRom u+0080 up to u+7FFF you'd still have to encode 16 bits, an
>> "UTF-8 like coding" would then need three 10xx xxxx tail octets,
>
>Correction:  It would use 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx (3 octets)
>
>And with 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx it can encode 11 bits in 2 octets,
>for John's algorithm that boundary is at u+F800.  For most code
>points in the BMP it would need three octets just like UTF-8.
>
>Frank
>
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>IMA mailing list
>IMA@ietf.org
>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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At 05:24 07/04/06, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>John C Klensin wrote:

>> Punycode...

>Yes, but AFAIK it can't encode Unicode strings of arbitrary length,
>please correct me if that's wrong,

I haven't checked the actual spec, which may use some limitations,
but in theory, there is no problem with encoding strings of arbitrary
length. However, in practice, there are two big showstoppers:
- Decompression requires actual string insertion, which is inefficient.
- For most compression methods, the longer the string, the better
  the compression. Not so for punycode-type compressions; the compression
  ratio is bound to be about the same after a certain point, and
  much lower than the usual compression methods (LZ(W), block sorting)
  which are based on encoding symbol sequences rather than single symbols.

Regards,   Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp      ion:  It would use 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx (3 octets)
>
>And with 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx it can encode 11 bits in 2 octets,
>for John's algorithm that boundary is at u+F800.  For most code
>points in the BMP it would need three octets just like UTF-8.
>
>Frank
>
>
>
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>https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Thu Apr 05 22:49:19 2007
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At 05:24 07/04/06, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>John C Klensin wrote:

>> Punycode...

>Yes, but AFAIK it can't encode Unicode strings of arbitrary length,
>please correct me if that's wrong,

I haven't checked the actual spec, which may use some limitations,
but in theory, there is no problem with encoding strings of arbitrary
length. However, in practice, there are two big showstoppers:
- Decompression requires actual string insertion, which is inefficient.
- For most compression methods, the longer the string, the better
  the compression. Not so for punycode-type compressions; the compression
  ratio is bound to be about the same after a certain point, and
  much lower than the usual compression methods (LZ(W), block sorting)
  which are based on encoding symbol sequences rather than single symbols.

Regards,   Martin.



#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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 mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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Date: Fri, 06 Apr 2007 11:55:46 +0900
To: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
From: Martin Duerst <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>
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At 10:13 07/04/06, Soobok Lee wrote:

><OT>

>UTF8 multiplies length of strings by 50%~200%, compared with local charset
>encodings.

></OT>
>
>My position is this : Let's go with UTF8 now, but let's leave rooms for
>other encodings for future needs.

As far as I understand, we are not at all requiring UTF-8 for
the body of text messages. So we are talking about an overhead
applied to just a relatively small part of the message.

Regards,     Martin.


#-#-#  Martin J. Du"rst, Assoc. Professor, Aoyama Gakuin University
#-#-#  http://www.sw.it.aoyama.ac.jp       mailto:duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp     


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From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
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On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 11:55:46AM +0900, Martin Duerst wrote:
> At 10:13 07/04/06, Soobok Lee wrote:
> 
> ><OT>
> 
> >UTF8 multiplies length of strings by 50%~200%, compared with local charset
> >encodings.
> 
> ></OT>
> >
> >My position is this : Let's go with UTF8 now, but let's leave rooms for
> >other encodings for future needs.
> 
> As far as I understand, we are not at all requiring UTF-8 for
> the body of text messages. 
> So we are talking about an overhead
> applied to just a relatively small part of the message.


Yes, only with header parts. 
The body part still may contain base64-encoded local-charset-encoded texts
even with UTF8SMTP headers. 

But, conventionally many webmail portals have avoided base64(and QP) encoding of 
body parts to save storage/network bandwidth (i.e.: send/store in 8bit clean ).
They store header and body part even in a single message file. 
Either adoptin of  UTF8 or base64 encoding  results in increase of network/storage
need.

Some portals may be okay with this overhead, and other may not.


Soobok

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From: Philip Guenther <guenther+eai@sendmail.com>
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On Fri, 6 Apr 2007, Soobok Lee wrote:
> On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 11:55:46AM +0900, Martin Duerst wrote:
...
>> As far as I understand, we are not at all requiring UTF-8 for
>> the body of text messages.
>> So we are talking about an overhead
>> applied to just a relatively small part of the message.
>
> Yes, only with header parts.
> The body part still may contain base64-encoded local-charset-encoded texts
> even with UTF8SMTP headers.

Why would they need to be base64-encoded?  Isn't the point of the existing 
8BITMIME extension to avoid that?  Indeed you then say:

> But, conventionally many webmail portals have avoided base64(and QP) 
> encoding of body parts to save storage/network bandwidth (i.e.: 
> send/store in 8bit clean ).

Why would use of UTF8SMTP suddenly prevent those systems from treating the 
body as they currently do?  UTF8SMTP doesn't ban the use of other charsets 
in the body part(s).


> They store header and body part even in a single message file. Either 
> adoptin of UTF8 or base64 encoding results in increase of 
> network/storage need.

So don't do that.  I don't recall any suggestions of banning the use 
charsets other than UTF-8 in the body of messages with headers of envelope 
addresses in the non-ASCII part of UTF-8.  Using different charsets in the 
different parts of a message is an already deployed feature of base MIME 
and is not going away with UTF8SMTP, so I don't understand why you're 
implying that use of UTF-8 in headers implies use of UTF-8 in bodies.


Philip Guenther
guenther@sendmail.com

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Date: Fri, 06 Apr 2007 01:48:39 -0400
From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
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--On Friday, 06 April, 2007 10:13 +0900 Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
wrote:

> On Thu, Apr 05, 2007 at 01:51:48PM -0400, John C Klensin wrote:
>> > It's theoretically impossible to design an "ASCII
>> > compatible" UTF "better" than UTF-8 -- i.e. without giving
>> > up one or more essential features of UTF-8.  Ignoring all
>> > draft-terrell-* :-)
>> 
>> Similarly, an essential property of UTF-8 is that ASCII
>> characters are coded as themselves.  Even taking that as a
>> given, it then marches up the Unicode spec, with the next
>> blocks of codes being encoded into two octets and the strings
>> getting longer as one goes up.  In principle, one could
>> design a code that would preserve this ASCII property but
>> subtract the value of every character above U+007F from
>> 0xFFFF, yielding a signed integer that was negative in the
>> rest of the BMP and positive otherwise.  If one then applied
>> a UTF-8-like coding to that integer, one would end up with a
>> code that maintained the essential ASCII-as-ASCII property,
>> but was much more friendly to non-European scripts than to
>> European ones.
> 
> <OT>
> Thanks for your interesting comment. Yes. There is much room
> for improvement or adjustment in future UTF8-variant
> encodings  for non-western-european characters. 
> 
> UTF8 multiplies length of strings by 50%~200%, compared with
> local charset encodings.
> 
> Cyrillic/Greek/Hebrew/Arabic strings : 200 % ( 1->3 octets)
> Chinese/Japanese/Korean strings (DBCS): 50 % ( 2->3 octets)

Well...

(i) As long as those strings entirely use characters in the BMP.
If, for example, one needs characters in the U+20000 - U+2FA1D
range, UTF-8 takes us to four octets.  Now, of course, some of
those character don't appear in an DBCS character coding, so the
comparison is odd.  But it is important to remember that the
result is not always three UTF-8 octets for CJK.

(ii) While DBCS is one option, the other traditional option,
especially in Japan, has been to use code table designators
which result, as I understand it, in single byte characters plus
switching overhead.  If the latter occurs infrequently, there
may be a significant advantage even over DBCS and an even more
significant advantage over UTF-8.
 
> UTF8 is still not in overwhelming use in email messages
> worldwide,  even though it was born 7~8 years ago.
> Main use of utf8 encoding in email is a fallback encoding to
> encode  non-local-charset characters in headers or body.

I think this is really not a comment about UTF-8, but about
Unicode itself.  For the record, while you believe that to be
true, and I do too, several of the people in the Unicode
Technical Committee firmly believe that the use of Unicode is
nearly ubiquitous on the network.

> If you consult gmail/yahoo/hotmail personels, they will reply
> to you  that they welcome local charset encodings as currently
> most favored encodings over utf8 for email messages.

I think there is a different conclusion to be drawn from this,
with the understanding that it is just my opinion.  With email
and with the web, we really have two separate elements of the
transmission to consider: the transport-related material needed
to get the material to its destination and the payload --the
material itself.  
For the first -- email addresses, URLs, and so on -- there is a
rather strong case to be made that considerations of
interoperability, and specifically, making sure that things can
be delivered to or reached at the intended definition, should
dominate all other decision criteria.  That makes absolute
standardization of what goes on the wire important, important
enough that local variations become a significant threat to a
globally-interoperable network.   In the case of URLs, email
addresses, and domain names, that principle has caused some
people to argue that we should just stick with ASCII.  I don't
believe that we need to go that far (or restrict ourselves that
much), but I do think we need to understand their point of view.
In any event, for those strings, the disadvantages of UTF-8
relative to other possible codings seem to be far outweighed by
the advantages of having _one_ agreed-upon coding rather than
local choices.

For the second element, the content, local character sets have
been permitted, and methods for identifying them provided, since
the dawn of MIME.  It seems to me that is most of where the
local variations are important: the body of the text may be
large enough that octets-per-character issues make a difference,
it may be important to transmit something closer to what is used
locally, it may be possible to know (or assume) that the systems
at both ends of a transmission are compatible (and, in general,
only the ends are affected, not the transport path), and so on.

So I just don't see the issue here.

> </OT>
> 
> My position is this : Let's go with UTF8 now, but let's leave
> rooms for other encodings for future needs.

For the envelopes, headers, and transmission negotiations,
allowing for another coding form just creates more complexity
without any significant payoff unless you expect Unicode itself
to be replaced in the near future.  For the content, body parts,
and payload, provisions already exist for other encodings, so it
is a non-issue.

     john


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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
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--On Friday, 06 April, 2007 11:48 +0900 Martin Duerst
<duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp> wrote:

> At 05:24 07/04/06, Frank Ellermann wrote:
>> John C Klensin wrote:
> 
>>> Punycode...
> 
>> Yes, but AFAIK it can't encode Unicode strings of arbitrary
>> length, please correct me if that's wrong,
> 
> I haven't checked the actual spec, which may use some
> limitations, but in theory, there is no problem with encoding
> strings of arbitrary length.

The reason I tried  to talk about the punycode family of methods
(bootstring encodings, I think Adam called them), was precisely
to dodge that issue.  Whether punycode is overoptimized to a
particular application or not is irrelevant.

> However, in practice, there are
> two big showstoppers: - Decompression requires actual string
> insertion, which is inefficient. - For most compression
> methods, the longer the string, the better   the compression.
> Not so for punycode-type compressions; the compression   ratio
> is bound to be about the same after a certain point, and
> much lower than the usual compression methods (LZ(W), block
> sorting)   which are based on encoding symbol sequences rather
> than single symbols.

I don't think one should really compare punycode to a
compression metnod because it isn't.   To a first order
approximation, it is a character-by-character, variable length
encoding, just like UTF-8.   The differences are (i) that its
output is an ACE (which need not be true for other members of
the family and (ii) while UTF-8 bases the encoding of every
character on the distance from 0x0000, the bootstring family
base the encoding of characters on an offset to the beginning of
a range.

For fairly large blocks of text (much larger than a domain name
or email address), I'd expect that starting with UTF-32 (UCS-4)
and applying a standard compression method would typically
produce output of shorter length and less sensitivity to
placement in the tables than any of the variable length,
discrete character encoding methods.

And, of course, what makes this discussion odd is that it would
be perfectly rational to apply one of those compression methods
to message content in either transmission or storage if the
costs of compressing and decompressing where significantly lower
than the costs of transmission or storage respectively.  And
nothing in the existing standards prohibits doing either.

     john



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Date: Fri, 6 Apr 2007 15:38:10 +0800
From: "Jeff Yeh" <jeff.yeh@gmail.com>
To: "Harald Alvestrand" <harald@alvestrand.no>
Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8

Jeff Yeh

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Fri Apr 06 06:09:21 2007
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Date: Fri, 6 Apr 2007 19:08:50 +0900
From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: Philip Guenther <guenther+eai@sendmail.com>
Subject: Re: [EAI] OT: HDR=KSC5601SMTP (was: POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM)
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On Thu, Apr 05, 2007 at 11:26:13PM -0600, Philip Guenther wrote:
> 
> >They store header and body part even in a single message file. Either 
> >adoptin of UTF8 or base64 encoding results in increase of 
> >network/storage need.
> 
> So don't do that.  I don't recall any suggestions of banning the use 
> charsets other than UTF-8 in the body of messages with headers of envelope 
> addresses in the non-ASCII part of UTF-8.  Using different charsets in the 
> different parts of a message is an already deployed feature of base MIME 
> and is not going away with UTF8SMTP, so I don't understand why you're 
> implying that use of UTF-8 in headers implies use of UTF-8 in bodies.

Right. Body parts can contain even raw binary octets streams (of even pdf/word file).

But, many webmail portals provide end users with "view-source" or "print source" feature
(display the content of raw message file as it is) for verification purpose.
If two different charset encodings are used in the single message, they will be
shown as broken texts at some header or body parts.

If message/rfc822 type file should be strictly regardded as a stream of binary octets, 
we can ignore this need as non-technical one( aestheticaly one),  
we have no issue about this problem. But, there is a tendency among users and 
developers (like me) that message/rfc822 type had better be in a human readable and
verifiable form.

Soobok

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Fri Apr 06 06:09:21 2007
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Soobok Lee wrote:

> I am talking about proprietary local/internal/regional *extensions*
> of UTF8SMTP. Such systems should be able to talk with UTF8SMTP-only
> system.

In theory you could say that anything happening between MUA and MSA
on the sending side, or final delivery MTA and MUA on the receiving
side, is the local business of these sides.

They could still use UTF8SMTP "over the wire" (for a short wire from
MSA to final delivery MTA), and proprietary formats on their sides.

But in practice users have more than one email service provider, and
they'd try to use the format they got from ESP A with ESP B, where
ESP B might be a provider not supporting proprietary format A.

It would be a similar mess as with those misguided users sending or
receiving a variant of the Internet Message format with a popular
calendar software, using TNEF or other proprietary inventions.

> Burdens of converting/back-converting from/to UTF8 message fall
> only onto the extended system side.

I doubt that.  It's the unlucky end users who will pay the price
in the form of expedited unsubscriptions or killfiling say "TNEF".

Or needing hours to configure their software towards a format
remotely related to what's generally accepted as Internet Message.

Or bothering an admin because they want to install a decent mail
program in addition to the builtin calendar software.

Frank



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Fri Apr 06 08:13:31 2007
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Date: Fri, 6 Apr 2007 21:13:07 +0900
From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
Subject: Re: [EAI] OT: HDR=KSC5601SMTP
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On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 12:05:49PM +0200, Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Soobok Lee wrote:
> 
> > I am talking about proprietary local/internal/regional *extensions*
> > of UTF8SMTP. Such systems should be able to talk with UTF8SMTP-only
> > system.
> 
> In theory you could say that anything happening between MUA and MSA
> on the sending side, or final delivery MTA and MUA on the receiving
> side, is the local business of these sides.
> 
> They could still use UTF8SMTP "over the wire" (for a short wire from
> MSA to final delivery MTA), and proprietary formats on their sides.
> 
> But in practice users have more than one email service provider, and
> they'd try to use the format they got from ESP A with ESP B, where
> ESP B might be a provider not supporting proprietary format A.

In this case, MUA should switch message format to UTF8SMTP one
to talk with ESP B which doesn't EHLO KSC5601SMTP option.

> 
> It would be a similar mess as with those misguided users sending or
> receiving a variant of the Internet Message format with a popular
> calendar software, using TNEF or other proprietary inventions.

MUA should *export* the message in UTF8SMTP form 
for inputs to such non-KSC5601SMTP-aware external applications.

> 
> > Burdens of converting/back-converting from/to UTF8 message fall
> > only onto the extended system side.
> 
> I doubt that.  It's the unlucky end users who will pay the price
> in the form of expedited unsubscriptions or killfiling say "TNEF".
> 
> Or needing hours to configure their software towards a format
> remotely related to what's generally accepted as Internet Message.
> 
> Or bothering an admin because they want to install a decent mail
> program in addition to the builtin calendar software.

In some cases, KSC5601SMTP may be burdensome. But, not without
benefits. 

For example, you can telnet to 25 port and send SMTP
command from KSC5601-based x-terminal directly, no need for utf8 
conversion which will be done by server side. 
Unix "mail" command or non-EAI-capable MUA or PERL SMTP library may be 
tuned to work with KSC5601SMTP with minimal cost, even without any utf8 
related coding work in some cases. Server side will take all the hassles 
under local assumption of KSC5601 use.  KSC5601SMTP concept may be a 
transitional/complementry solution for UTF8SMTP.

Programmers in Korea seldom use UTF8 in his editing/coding work, 
rather,in most case, use KSC5601 (or CP949). In Server Administration 
environment as well.


(This thread  went too far  off the topic).

Soobok

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Fri Apr 06 08:17:09 2007
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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
Subject: Re: [EAI] OT: HDR=KSC5601SMTP (was: POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM)
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--On Friday, 06 April, 2007 19:08 +0900 Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
wrote:

> On Thu, Apr 05, 2007 at 11:26:13PM -0600, Philip Guenther
> wrote:
>> 
>> > They store header and body part even in a single message
>> > file. Either  adoptin of UTF8 or base64 encoding results in
>> > increase of  network/storage need.
>> 
>> So don't do that.  I don't recall any suggestions of banning
>> the use  charsets other than UTF-8 in the body of messages
>> with headers of envelope  addresses in the non-ASCII part of
>> UTF-8.  Using different charsets in the  different parts of a
>> message is an already deployed feature of base MIME  and is
>> not going away with UTF8SMTP, so I don't understand why
>> you're  implying that use of UTF-8 in headers implies use of
>> UTF-8 in bodies.
> 
> Right. Body parts can contain even raw binary octets streams
> (of even pdf/word file).
> 
> But, many webmail portals provide end users with "view-source"
> or "print source" feature (display the content of raw message
> file as it is) for verification purpose. If two different
> charset encodings are used in the single message, they will be
> shown as broken texts at some header or body parts.
> 
> If message/rfc822 type file should be strictly regardded as a
> stream of binary octets,  we can ignore this need as
> non-technical one( aestheticaly one),   we have no issue about
> this problem. But, there is a tendency among users and 
> developers (like me) that message/rfc822 type had better be in
> a human readable and verifiable form.

Then the relevant developers need to re-read and understand the
MIME spec because there has never been any guarantee that either
"human readable form" or "display all body parts using the same
decoders (charset, codec, etc.).

First, remember that MIME supports multimedia.  Nothing is going
to make a music or video file "human readable and verifiable" by
visual inspection.  Application/octet-stream can contain
anything at all.  And there has never been a requirement that,
if a message contains multiple textual parts, the different body
parts use the same character encoding.  Indeed, while it has not
often been used for what we originally assumed would be one of
its more interesting applications, multipart/alternative was
designed to permit several different ways to express the same
content: different scripts, different languages, and, yes,
different encodings.   And message/rfc822 can encapsulate any of
these.

Under the principle that the EAI WG is not permitted to, and
doesn't need to, reopen fundamental design principles of MIME
and the SMTP Extension model unless they are directly and
uniquely associated with internationalization, this has become
seriously off-topic.  I suggest you take it to the 822 list if
you still believe that there is a protocol problem.

    john


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John C Klensin wrote:
> 
> --On Friday, 06 April, 2007 10:13 +0900 Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
> wrote:
>> My position is this : Let's go with UTF8 now, but let's leave
>> rooms for other encodings for future needs.
> 
> For the envelopes, headers, and transmission negotiations,
> allowing for another coding form just creates more complexity
> without any significant payoff unless you expect Unicode itself
> to be replaced in the near future.  For the content, body parts,
> and payload, provisions already exist for other encodings, so it
> is a non-issue.

+1

	Tony Hansen
	tony@att.com


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On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 11:34:01AM +0900, Martin Duerst wrote:
> You could press along this route and move out non-basic Arabic
> and Syriac and open up space for a script or two more below the
> U+0800 boundary, and so on, but whatever you do, there will still
> be too little space to fit the currently used alphabetic scripts
> all into that space.

This is a compression-flavored idea: Let's call it UTF-8E(astern)

Top frequently used 1024 CJK Han Ideo chars : cover 90% or more usage
Top frequently used 512 Hangeul Syllable chars : cover 99% or more usage
fullset of Devanagari etc and Hiragana/Katakana :  below 412 chars 

These eastern characters can be mapped into the range 0x80~0x07ff.
For this, 65536 length of forward/reverse code mapping table is needed .

Then, UTF-8E  can encode most frequently used eastern asia characters
as two octets while extended latin/arabic/cyrillic/gree will be encoded
in three octets.

UTF-8E will share the same property of UTF-8.

Soobok

> 
> Not that I'm proposing to do any of this, of course!
> 
> Regards,     Martin.
> 
> 
> At 06:24 07/04/06, Frank Ellermann wrote:
> >Frank Ellermann confused five and six bits:
> >
> >> FRom u+0080 up to u+7FFF you'd still have to encode 16 bits, an
> >> "UTF-8 like coding" would then need three 10xx xxxx tail octets,
> >
> >Correction:  It would use 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx (3 octets)
> >
> >And with 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx it can encode 11 bits in 2 octets,
> >for John's algorithm that boundary is at u+F800.  For most code
> >points in the BMP it would need three octets just like UTF-8.

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Soobok Lee wrote:
 
> These eastern characters can be mapped into the range 0x80~0x07ff.
[...]
> UTF-8E will share the same property of UTF-8.

If you're serious about this idea I propose to
- continue the discussion on the Unicode list
- leave u+0080 up to u+009F alone, e.g. for the XML 1.1 "NEL"
- submit the I-D as "independent draft", don't let the Unicode or
  IETF folks touch it, I think they'd kill it for various reasons.

Frank



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sat Apr 07 01:24:13 2007
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On Sat, Apr 07, 2007 at 04:15:00AM +0200, Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Soobok Lee wrote:
>  
> > These eastern characters can be mapped into the range 0x80~0x07ff.
> [...]
> > UTF-8E will share the same property of UTF-8.
> 
> If you're serious about this idea I propose to
> - continue the discussion on the Unicode list

Thanks for your encouragement.

This "UTF-8E" has different binary-sort ordering than UTF-8 and UTF-32.
So if it ever come out, it won't be general use for protocol strings,
but, rather mainly for efficient encoding of unicode texts, as replacement
for local charsets and their encodings. 
Anyway, it will help promote Unicode/ISO 10646 character set in eastern
asia.

I'v done brief research for fun about how to design "UTF-8E". See attached
draft excerpts.

Under the following schemes, even greek/cyrillic/arabic/latin
don't lose so much in encoding efficiency.

If anyone have further interests, reply to me personally,
not into this list.

Soobok

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Appendix A.  Preserved Code Ranges in U+0080~U+07FF


   2048 (0x800) - 128 (0x80) = 1920 
   
   U+0080 ~ U+009F : (32) C1 control
   U+00DF ~ U+00FF : (33) Small Latin Supp-1 Letters
      
   U+03AC ~ U+03CE : (35)  Basic Greek Small
   U+0430 ~ U+044F : (32)  Basic Russian Small 
   U+05D0 ~ U+05F4 : (36)  Hebrew based on ISO 8859-8
   U+0621 ~ U+064A : (42)  Arabic based on ISO 8859-6
   (Capital Letters removed from Latin/Gree/Cyrillic)
   
   Sub-total : 210 characters  

   1920 - 210 = 1710 characters


Appendix B.  To be moved into U+0080~U+07FF from High Area in BMP

   
   Devanagari : U+0904 ~ U+0939 : (54)
   Hiragana: U+3041 ~ U+3096 : (86)
   Katakana: U+30A1 ~ U+30FF : (95)
   Thai : U+E01 ~ U+0E4F ( 79 )
   
   Sub-Total : 315
   
   Top frequenctly used Hangeul Syllables  : 395 characters
   Top frequenctly used CJK Han Ideographs : 1000 characters from UNIHAN

   (each set would cover top 90% of frequently used characters )
   
   1710 characters

-------------------------------------------------------------------------


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If anyone had any doubt....

Proposing changes to Unicode, or the standardization of new character 
sets that follow down the path of GB-18030 by proposing slight 
rearrangments of Unicode, is off-topic for this WG.

Please take it elsewhere.

                           Harald


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Soobok Lee wrote:
> On Fri, Apr 06, 2007 at 10:29:30AM +0900, Yangwoo Ko wrote:
>   
>> Significant increase of network throughput and even faster drop of 
>> storage prices make me little impressed by the fact that UTF-8 is not 
>> the best solution for some languages (including ours :-) ).
>>     
>
> Email portals compete with one another and always under pressure
> for cost cut  to make profits. If you can, try to ask portal personels
> about how much they pay for netowrk/storage in a month and about
> whether they welcome 50~200% increase of network/storage needs and
> about why they still stick to local charset encodings in message format
> even now after utf8 is born 7~8 years ago. 
>
> They will make best answers than me.
 From http://www.gmail.com/ (login page):

    *

      *Don't throw anything away.*
      Over 2837.433624 megabytes (and counting) of free storage so
      you'll never need to delete another message.

'nuff said.




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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sat Apr 07 11:51:55 2007
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Isn't this basically a rehash of http://unicode.org/reports/tr6/?

TR6 seems to be entirely unused. My unscientific guess is that most 
implementers actually prefer the simplicity of UTF-8, no matter what 
they say they prefer.

Arnt

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--ELM1175970643-19852-0_
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>>> Harald Tveit Alvestrand
> There hasn't been any suggestion that the HDR=3D8BIT (or 7BIT, or its=20
> absence) say anything in general about what the client is able to suppp=
ort.
>=20
> If you want to have response strings with UTF-8 in them, better go push=
 the=20
> LANG command extension that Alexey has been mumbling about for half a d=
ozen=20
> years.
>=20
>                    Harald

I think that you misunderstand my comment. Issue was about reply codes,
which may include UTF8SMTP mailboxes on reply (and specically when SMTP c=
omand
argument was ASCII only.)

See YAO Jiankang' answer (message is included). He answered that UTF8SMTP=
=20
mailboxes are allowed on replies.

One example is

  EXPN root
  250 2.1.5 Ville Ker=E4nen <ker=E4nen@Hurtta06k.keh.iki.fi>

when SMTP cleint is not used any argument which indicates that it support=
s
UTF8SMTP.

Another one, which can include UTF8SMTP mailbox on reply, is VRFY command.

All reply strings are still on default language (english?) on these scena=
rios.

Another one are 251 and 551 response codes which include mailbox.

EHLO xxx
250-mail.example.com
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-PIPELINING
250-EXPN
250-VERB
250-8BITMIME
250-SIZE
250-DSN
250-ETRN
250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5
250-DELIVERBY
250-UTF8SMTP
250 HELP
MAIL FROM:<user@example.net>
250 OK
RCPT TO:<support@example.com>
251 <K=E4ytt=E4j=E4tuki@example.com> is new address, will forward

( client crashes ?)

And another case

MAIL FROM:<user@example.net>
250 OK
RCPT TO:<support@example.com>
551 <K=E4ytt=E4j=E4tuki@example.com> is new address, please resend

( SMTP client failes to generate proper DSN for that response. )

On both cases client is sending non-UTF8SMTP message to server=20
(and client does not know about UTF8SMTP)

> --On 6. april 2007 08:40 +0300 Kari Hurtta <hurtta+gmane@siilo.fmi.fi>=20
> wrote:
>=20
> > Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org> writes:
> >
> >> C)  HDR=3D is newly defined parameter. But HDR=3DUTF8 is optional an=
d may be
> >> omitted.
> >>
> >>     Mail servers may assume HDR=3DUTF8 if HDR=3D parameter is not pr=
enet in
> >>     SMTP session.
> >
> > Get I this correctly?
> >
> >    HDR=3DUTF8  implicates that SMTP _client_ supports UTF8SMTP
> >
> >    So if HDR=3DUTF8 assumed, it means that SMTP server assumes that a=
ll
> >    smtp clients supports UTF8SMTP
> >
> >    ( Of course _presence_ of HDR=3D7BIT parameter also means that smt=
p
> > clients      supports  UTF8SMTP )
> >
> >
> > And if SMTP client supports UTF8SMTP, smtp server may use UTF-8 on
> > it's SMTP reply strings.
> >
> > So with these assumtions, smtp server may use UTF-8 always on it's re=
ply
> > strings even when SMTP client knows nothing about UTF8SMTP.
> >
> > (hmm. Perhaps actually it is EXPN where that need arise without that
> > argument of  command itself use UTF-8. )
> >
> > That is not very critical. It is unlikely that smtp client reply pars=
er
> > failes to parse reponse even if there is some UTF8SMTP addresses on
> > response. (this is guess.)

/ Kari Hurtta



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cc: "Wei MAO" <mao@cnnic.cn>
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Subject: Re: draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04.txt: EXPN, VRFY
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----- Original Message -----=20
From: "Kari Hurtta" <hurtta@siilo.fmi.fi>
To: "YAO Jiankang" <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
Cc: "Wei MAO" <mao@cnnic.cn>; "Kari Hurtta" <hurtta+ietf@siilo.fmi.fi>
Sent: Friday, April 06, 2007 3:16 PM
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04.txt: EXPN, VRFY


>>>> YAO Jiankang
>>=20
>> ----- Original Message -----=20
>> From: "Kari Hurtta" <hurtta+ietf@siilo.fmi.fi>
>> To: "Yao Jiankang" <yaojk@cnnic.cn>
>> Cc: <hurtta+ietf@siilo.fmi.fi>; "Wei MAO" <mao@cnnic.cn>
>> Sent: Thursday, April 05, 2007 2:25 PM
>> Subject: Re: draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04.txt: EXPN, VRFY
>>=20
>>=20
>> >=20
>> > Another question: On which point server may use  UTF-8
>> > on it's reply strings.  (or should this asked on list?
>> > If it is, you are free to forward that to list. )
>>=20
>> actually, only EAI capability MUA can deliver the UTF-8 stuff to SMTP =
server normally.
>> If MUA can send the UTF-8 stuff , it means that MUA has the EAI abilit=
y.
>>=20
>> So, IMO,  in general, if SMTP server receives the UTF-8 stuff, it can =
return it to original sender.
>=20
> I think that you msissed my question. See my example.
>=20
>> >=20
>> > That that server announces UTF8SMTP not yet mean that
>> > client supports UTF8SMTP.   Specially that is issue
>> > for EXPN command, I think.  (paramater of EXPN
>> > may be ASCII, but expansion may include UTF-8 -- so
>> > what server does? )
>>=20
>> since paramater of EXPN will include UTF-8, the server should be updat=
ed to it.
>> John's RFC2821bis may be updated to include it.
>> currently, many email system normally deny this command due to securit=
y reason.
>> EXPN is not the key command of SMTP and it may be not necessary to hav=
e a specific text or session to emphasize it.
>=20
> No.  EXPN is  expand .. it may and will list another mailbox than what =
is as argument
>=20
> hurtta@Hurtta06k:~$ telnet localhost smtp
> Trying 127.0.0.1...
> Connected to localhost.
> Escape character is '^]'.
> 220 Hurtta06k.keh.iki.fi ESMTP Sendmail 8.13.4/8.13.4/Debian-3ubuntu0.1=
; Fri, 6 Apr 2007 10:06:02 +0300; (No UCE/UBE) logging access from: local=
host(OK)-localhost [127.0.0.1]
> EHLO xxx
> 250-Hurtta06k.keh.iki.fi Hello localhost [127.0.0.1], pleased to meet y=
ou
> 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
> 250-PIPELINING
> 250-EXPN
> 250-VERB
> 250-8BITMIME
> 250-SIZE
> 250-DSN
> 250-ETRN
> 250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5
> 250-DELIVERBY
> 250 HELP
> EXPN root
> 250 2.1.5 Kari Hurtta <hurtta@Hurtta06k.keh.iki.fi>
> QUIT
> 221 2.0.0 Hurtta06k.keh.iki.fi closing connection
> Connection closed by foreign host.
> hurtta@Hurtta06k:~$                                  =20
>=20
> Is following allowed:
>=20
> EHLO xxx
> 250-Hurtta06k.keh.iki.fi Hello localhost [127.0.0.1], pleased to meet y=
ou
> 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
> 250-PIPELINING
> 250-EXPN
> 250-VERB
> 250-8BITMIME
> 250-SIZE
> 250-DSN
> 250-ETRN
> 250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5
> 250-DELIVERBY
> 250-UTF8SMTP
> 250 HELP
> EXPN root
> 250 2.1.5 Ville Ker=E4nen <ker=E4nen@Hurtta06k.keh.iki.fi>
>=20
>=20
> Assume that these are UTF-8 characters (this mail
> may use actually IS-8859-1 I think)

very good example.

yes, allow it.

IMO, may also allow the below comand:

 EXPN  UTF-8
 250 2.1.5 utf-8 <utf-8@utf-8>

Thanks.

 YAO Jiankang
CNNIC


>=20
>=20
>> Thanks you for your kind comments.
>> YAO Jiankang
>> CNNIC
>>=20
>> >=20
>> > There is no explicit method to enable UTF-8 for replies.
>=20
> / Kari Hurtta

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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Kari Hurtta <hurtta+ietf@siilo.fmi.fi>,
	Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
Subject: Re: [EAI] UTF8SMTP mailbox on SMTP reply (Re: POLL: HDR=
	extension on MAIL FROM)
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--On Saturday, April 07, 2007 9:30 PM +0300 Kari Hurtta=20
<hurtta+ietf@siilo.fmi.fi> wrote:

>>>> Harald Tveit Alvestrand
>> There hasn't been any suggestion that the HDR=3D8BIT (or =
7BIT,
>> or its  absence) say anything in general about what the
>> client is able to suppport.
>>
>> If you want to have response strings with UTF-8 in them,
>> better go push the  LANG command extension that Alexey has
>> been mumbling about for half a dozen  years.
>>
>>                    Harald
>
> I think that you misunderstand my comment. Issue was about
> reply codes, which may include UTF8SMTP mailboxes on reply
> (and specically when SMTP comand argument was ASCII only.)

Unless the client has already done something to clearly indicate =

that it is UTF8SMTP-capable (and, no, I don't think this=20
justifies a HDR parameter or anything else), replies had=20
probably best not contain non-ASCII information.

> See YAO Jiankang' answer (message is included). He answered
> that UTF8SMTP  mailboxes are allowed on replies.

I think that is wrong in general.  See the examples in 2821,=20
which rarely include a mailbox name.

> One example is
>
>   EXPN root
>   250 2.1.5 Ville Ker=C3=A4nen =
<ker=C3=A4nen@Hurtta06k.keh.iki.fi>

One could, in principle, do this.  But I note that it is=20
independent of the UTF8SMTP work.  It would presumably require a =

separate extension, or at least something that the client would=20
need to ask for/ authorize.  While I think the specifics of=20
Alexey's "lang" proposal are a bad idea, what is needed here is=20
much closer to that than to what is being suggested above.

> when SMTP cleint is not used any argument which indicates that
> it supports UTF8SMTP.

Unless something has been explicitly extended in this area, a=20
non-ASCII reply (or a reply containing any non-ASCII character)=20
violates 2821.  The situation is, IMO, much more like the DSN=20
one that a situation in which a non-ASCII address can be=20
arbitrarily returned.

> Another one, which can include UTF8SMTP mailbox on reply, is
> VRFY command.
>
> All reply strings are still on default language (english?) on
> these scenarios.
>
> Another one are 251 and 551 response codes which include
> mailbox.
>
> EHLO xxx
> 250-mail.example.com
> 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
> 250-PIPELINING
> 250-EXPN
> 250-VERB
> 250-8BITMIME
> 250-SIZE
> 250-DSN
> 250-ETRN
> 250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5
> 250-DELIVERBY
> 250-UTF8SMTP
> 250 HELP
> MAIL FROM:<user@example.net>
> 250 OK
> RCPT TO:<support@example.com>
> 251 <K=C3=A4ytt=C3=A4j=C3=A4tuki@example.com> is new address, =
will forward
>
> ( client crashes ?)
>
> And another case
>
> MAIL FROM:<user@example.net>
> 250 OK
> RCPT TO:<support@example.com>
> 551 <K=C3=A4ytt=C3=A4j=C3=A4tuki@example.com> is new address, =
please resend
>
> ( SMTP client failes to generate proper DSN for that response.
> )
>
> On both cases client is sending non-UTF8SMTP message to server
> (and client does not know about UTF8SMTP)

And in both cases, either a separate extension is needed or the=20
client needs to report that the only available address is=20
non-ASCII and then, if appropriate, escape it and indicate that=20
is being done.

I agree that the SMTPEXT document should probably mention these=20
cases.  Briefly.

    john





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> From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
> I suggest that this is best addressed by adding "except in comments".
> Having two kinds of comments in UTF8SMTP headers is asking for even more 
> trouble than UTF8SMTP is currently asking for.

I will add this and add donwgrading method for headers which may
contain UTF-8 comments in downgrade-04.

-- 
Kazunori Fujiwara, JPRS

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From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
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As of this moment (early on April 9), I have the following responses to the 
opinion poll announced on April 4.

A - I support HDR=UTF8
- Frank Ellermann
- Kari Hurtta (prefers HDR=UTF8SMTP if added)

B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
- Yangwoo Ko
- John Klensin
- Yao Jiankang
- Jeff Yeh
- Martin Duerst
- Harald Alvestrand

C - I have an opinion different from the 2 alternatives given, which is....
- Soobok Lee (missing HDR parameter interpreted as HDR=UTF8)
- Charles Lindsey (disagrees with definition)

That gives a grand total of 10 people with an opinion on this matter, 
unless I've missed some.

I'll let the poll remain open for the rest of today. Please notify me of 
any errors, misunderstandings or missed opinions.

                     Harald

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--On 7. april 2007 21:30 +0300 Kari Hurtta <hurtta+ietf@siilo.fmi.fi> wrote:

>>>> Harald Tveit Alvestrand
>> There hasn't been any suggestion that the HDR=8BIT (or 7BIT, or its
>> absence) say anything in general about what the client is able to
>> suppport.
>>
>> If you want to have response strings with UTF-8 in them, better go push
>> the  LANG command extension that Alexey has been mumbling about for half
>> a dozen  years.
>>
>>                    Harald
>
> I think that you misunderstand my comment. Issue was about reply codes,
> which may include UTF8SMTP mailboxes on reply (and specically when SMTP
> comand argument was ASCII only.)

Thanks for the clarification. On rereading, I stand by the words of my 
response, but it was not a response to what you were suggesting.

The problem you cite is general, and troubling. Lots of SMTP responses have 
embedded mailbox names in them (in practice; whether they are necessary or 
not is beyond this particular question).

I see at least 3 different ways to address that issue in an UTF8SMTP 
context:

- Brutally suppress UTF8 mailbox names in responses (which will make VRFY 
<utf8> kind of pointless)
- Always return mailboxes in some kind of encoded form (walks straight into 
all the issues with "automatic ACE" that we've debated and discarded so 
many times)
- Have some kind of command from the client to the server saying "I am 
willing to accept UTF8 in responses".

I do not think "using an UTF8 command" is a good pick for the last one; the 
idea of having a dialogue that goes

-> EHLO
<- 250-UTF8SMTP
-> VRFY <utf8@utf8>
<- 550 Can't return an UTF8 mailbox
-> MAIL FROM:<utf8@utf8>
....
<- 250 OK
-> VRFY <utf8@utf8>
<- 200 <utf8@utf8> is fine with me

strikes me as a downright bad design.

                      Harald


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On Mon, Apr 09, 2007 at 03:23:11PM +0200, Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote:
> As of this moment (early on April 9), I have the following responses to the 
> opinion poll announced on April 4.


> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8

I support this option too (and have read the relevant drafts, even
though I'm mostly silent here).

A

-- 
Andrew Sullivan                         204-4141 Yonge Street
Afilias Canada                        Toronto, Ontario Canada
<andrew@ca.afilias.info>                              M2P 2A8
jabber: ajsaf@jabber.org                 +1 416 646 3304 x4110

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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: UTF8SMTP mailbox on SMTP reply (Re: POLL:
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Just on comment on your three options...

--On Monday, April 09, 2007 3:31 PM +0200 Harald Tveit 
Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> I see at least 3 different ways to address that issue in an
> UTF8SMTP context:
>
> - Brutally suppress UTF8 mailbox names in responses (which
> will make VRFY <utf8> kind of pointless)
> - Always return mailboxes in some kind of encoded form (walks
> straight into all the issues with "automatic ACE" that we've
> debated and discarded so many times)

I don't know if we want to take advantage of it, but there is a 
difference.   Since the reply text is intended for people, and 
is free-form rather than standardized, one could have (leaving 
out the extended codes for clarity)

<- 250-UTF8SMTP
-> VRFY <foo@bar>
<- 550 No mailbox - <foo@bar>

Do note that there is essentially no information in the response 
here that wasn't already known to the client, so simply 
suppressing the address would not lose any information, contrary 
to your assertion above.

and also have

<- 250-UTF8SMTP
-> VRFY <foo1@bar>
<- 250 Address is actually <foo1@bar1>
      ## this and situations like it are the worst case,
      ## because there actually is new information in the
      ## reply
-> VRFY <utf8@utf8>
<- 250-Address is a UTF8SMTP mailbox, encoded
<- 250 according to RFC9999 as <uncode-escape(utf8)@ACE(utf8)>

Also consider the third, even more difficult, case

<- VRFY <foo2@bar>
<- 250-Address is a UTF8SMTP mailbox, encoded
<- 250 according to RFC9999 as 
<uncode-escape(utf8-a)@ACE(utf8-b)>

This is not wildly attractive, but it is not rocket science and 
does not cross the line into the discussions we have repeatedly 
had about encoded forms.

Otherwise, I see little option other than either an explicit 
assertion from the client that UTF8SMTP stuff is in use.  That 
probably is not the controversial HDR argument, since the 
headers might not affected at all (note that
   EHLO
   VRFY
   QUIT
is a perfectly valid sequence)
But might take us toward VRF8 and EXP8.  I'd rather not try to 
do the latter in this WG if we can avoid it, but only because 
VRFY and EXPN, more than any other SMTP command that has not 
been deprecated completely, are in need of a modernizing 
redesign: to create new commands without doing that would be a 
shame.

Of course, one could also have
   VRFY <foo@bar> You-can-send-back-utf8-replies-if-you-want-to
(probably spelled in a more reasonable way) and optionally apply 
that argument to any of MAIL, RCPT, VRFY, or EXPN, possibly 
using it to set a flag so it didn't need to be invoked more than 
once.  I'd rather avoid it, but it seems a _much_ better 
solution than something whose semantics get involved with what 
goes on in the message.

> - Have some kind of command from the client to the server
> saying "I am willing to accept UTF8 in responses".

The last suggestions above sort of start down that path, of 
course.

    john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 09 14:39:22 2007
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John C Klensin wrote:
 
> I see little option other than either an explicit assertion
> from the client that UTF8SMTP stuff is in use.  That
> probably is not the controversial HDR argument, since the
> headers might not affected at all (note that
>    EHLO
>    VRFY
>    QUIT
> is a perfectly valid sequence)

> But might take us toward VRF8 and EXP8.  I'd rather not try to
> do the latter in this WG if we can avoid it, but only because
> VRFY and EXPN, more than any other SMTP command that has not
> been deprecated completely, are in need of a modernizing
> redesign: to create new commands without doing that would be a
> shame.

Okay, but the UTF8SMTP draft has to mention this or any similar
choice somewhere.  VRF8 and EXP8 would be really ugly.  Maybe
the 2821bis crowd can deprecate EXPN while they're at it, I'm
not sure what 2821bis-01 3.5.2 actually means wrt EXPN.  Is it
some kind of "SHOULD implement and immediately disable it" ?

Maybe we could add a command USE8 enabling UTF8SMTP addresses
in responses, valid until the next EHLO, HELO, or RSET ?

>> - Have some kind of command from the client to the server
>> saying "I am willing to accept UTF8 in responses".
 
> The last suggestions above sort of start down that path, of
> course.

What's the alternative for say 251 + 551, new response codes
in the direction of "I'd like to tell you more but can't" ?

Frank



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 09 15:01:12 2007
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Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2007 12:01:13 -0700
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Subject: Re: MIME message/utf8smtp vs application/utf8smtp (Re: [EAI] Re: MIME
	questions)
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Charles Lindsey wrote on 3/26/07 14:52 +0100:
> We have already been through this once, and Crhis Newman agreed, On Feb  16th:
>
>     "Ok, I've been convinced application/utf-8-message is a safer label for
>      the type."

While that statement remains true.  I'll also observe that an experiment need 
not choose the safer course.

Regardless, I have passed primary editing responsibility to Alexey and I plan 
to recuse myself during IESG evaluation of this document.

                - Chris


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 09 15:11:37 2007
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Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2007 12:11:40 -0700
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] How to prevent up-conversion (Re: Respawn
	"Messages on original form" (Re: I-D
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Charles Lindsey wrote on 3/27/07 14:49 +0100:
> Let us take an example. A message body was in Q-P on the wire. Is the IMAP
> implementation entitled to store it in only its decoded (8bit) form?  Suppose
> the message was in fact signed by DKIM or PGP-mime (both of which  are
> supposed to sign the Q-P form - a bad design decision, but there it  is). The
> recipient (or his MUA) finds that the signature is broken. So the  recipient
> requests to see the original form of the message so that he can  check for
> himself exactly why the signature did not work (maybe some  trailing empty
> line had got lost, and by manually restoring it he can make  the signature
> work).

Mail gateways in general are not required to preserve signatures beyond a 
best-effort to preserve multipart/signed content.  Final delivery to a mail 
store that may or may not be native RFC 2822 would count as a gateway.

                - Chris


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 09 18:16:17 2007
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Date: Mon, 09 Apr 2007 15:15:56 -0700
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] #1481 HDR=UTF8 argument - status, and request for input
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As a technical participant, I find the ability to bounce at RCPT TO for servers 
without down-convert capability a significant but not compelling benefit for 
HDR=UTF8.  The added complexity of another SMTP parameter combined with the 
delay it will cost in word smithing to get the text right for the precise 
meaning of the parameter makes me lean slightly towards not having the 
parameter.

                - Chris

Harald Alvestrand wrote on 3/26/07 19:25 +0200:

> Hello,
>
> as I see the current status with HDR=UTF8, we have:
>
> - The WG meeting in Prague discussed it, and found no particular advantage in
> using it, for the same reason as with the header marker: The recipient, in
> order to be certain about the format of a message, has to parse the message
> anyway, so the flag will at best be a warning, and at worst it can generate
> silly states when it is wrong.
>
> - After the WG meeting, the argument was raised (or, at least, I did not
> understand it until after the meeting) that IF an MTA does NOT implement
> downconversion, BUT handles mail for some recipients that are able to receive
> UTF8SMTP mail, AND some recipients that are not so capable, the HDR=UTF8 flag
> will give the MTA the ability to reject the recipients for which it cannot
> handle the message, and accept the recipients for which it assumes that
> UTF8SMTP delivery will succeed.
>
> There are two other alternatives:
> - Say that an MTA MUST implement either conversion or return of an error
> message, after delivery
> - Say that an MTA can return a 5xx reply to the DATA command, rejecting the
> message for all recipients.
>
> So far, we have heard from Kari, Charles and Frank on this issue.
>
> I would like the other participants in the WG to weigh in with opinions; I
> have created #1481 to make it easy to keep track of this one separate from
> other issues.
>
>                    Harald
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>





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From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8

                - Chris

Harald Alvestrand wrote on 4/4/07 16:13 +0200:

> As of this moment, I believe the current alternatives are on the table:
>
> A - New SMTP argument to MAIL FROM: HDR=, with defined value HDR=UTF8
>
> This indicates that the message being sent contains UTF-8 data in MAIL FROM,
> RCPT TO or headers (including inner body headers), which means that it needs
> downgrading before it can be passed to an ASCII-only recipient.
>
> Advantage: In the case where the recieving MTA knows which recipients can
> handle UTF8SMTP mail, and the MTA does not have downgrade capability, it can
> reject recipients by replying to the RCPT TO command with an appropriate
> error code.
> (It will still have to do downgrade-or-bounce if it discovers the final
> destination after accepting the RCPT TO command.)
>
> Advantage: The MTA can decide on whether downgrading is required based on the
> SMTP argument, and can treat any 8-bit character in the headers as a protocol
> error if the flag is not given.
>
> B - No new SMTP argument.
>
> Advantage: Less complexity. No need for an MTA to consider whether or not to
> apply downgrading based on the error code it got back; any recipients
> rejected with a 5XX code can be considered rejected immediately.
>
> Advantage: Less cruft for the UTF8SMTP case - cleaner end state.
>
> There are other opinions on the relative merits of the two alternatives, but
> I believe those are the most important ones
>
> If you have an opinion on this issue, please send a note to the mailing list
> with ONE of the following statements:
>
> A - I support HDR=UTF8
> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
> C - I have an opinion different from the 2 alternatives given, which is....
>
> This poll closes in 7 days, on April 9, 2007.
>
>                        Harald, for the chairs
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> IMA mailing list
> IMA@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ima
>





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Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote on 4/9/07 15:31 +0200:
> I see at least 3 different ways to address that issue in an UTF8SMTP context:
>
> - Brutally suppress UTF8 mailbox names in responses (which will make VRFY
> <utf8> kind of pointless)
> - Always return mailboxes in some kind of encoded form (walks straight into
> all the issues with "automatic ACE" that we've debated and discarded so many
> times)
> - Have some kind of command from the client to the server saying "I am
> willing to accept UTF8 in responses".

Another option is to defer the issue of SMTP status response encoding to:

  <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-melnikov-smtp-lang-06.txt>

If the client negotiates the LANG extension, then the server is free to provide 
utf8@utf8 in the status text.

                - Chris


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--On Monday, 09 April, 2007 16:09 -0700 Chris Newman
<Chris.Newman@Sun.COM> wrote:

> Another option is to defer the issue of SMTP status response
> encoding to:
> 
> 
> <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-melnikov-smtp-lang-
> 06.txt>
> 
> If the client negotiates the LANG extension, then the server
> is free to provide utf8@utf8 in the status text.

Except that the non-ASCII SMTP status problem needs to be solved
and at least a few of us believe that Alexey's draft violates a
fundamental architectural principle of the Internet.

   john




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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 09 20:42:01 2007
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On Mon, 9 Apr 2007, John C Klensin wrote:
>
> Except that the non-ASCII SMTP status problem needs to be solved
> and at least a few of us believe that Alexey's draft violates a
> fundamental architectural principle of the Internet.

If you are referring to the RFC 2277 protocol/text distinction, then I
think it is very difficult to argue that the textual parts of SMTP replies
are protocol not intended to be read by humans - since everyone uses them
for human readable text. Enhanced Status Codes do not provide an adequate
foundation for internationalization since they do not cover the complete
range of possible reasons for rejection and the range they do cover is not
covered in enough detail. These inadequacies cannot be fixed since new
ESCs for existing parts of the protocol are not interoperable - older
software won't have textual explanations for them - and anti-spam tactics
mean there's a never-ending supply of new reasons for rejecting email.
Therefore the ESC registry is only useful for co-ordinating ESC
allocations for new protocol extensions.

In practice I usually configure my systems to produce a brief error
message and a URL, such as a DNS blacklist lookup URL, or a link to
further documentation. In principle HTTP can then do some of the i18n
heavy lifting - though this is not a solution for UTF8 in SMTP replies.

Alexey's draft has the same architectural model as the LANG command in FTP
(RFC 2640) and proposed for POP and IMAP.

Tony.
-- 
f.a.n.finch  <dot@dotat.at>  http://dotat.at/
SOLE: NORTH OR NORTHEAST 2 OR 3, OCCASIONALLY 4. SLIGHT OR MODERATE. FOG
PATCHES. MODERATE OR GOOD, OCCASIONALLY VERY POOR.

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Thank you very much for your many comments.

I'm updating downgrade document.

> From: "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
> As compared to the Utf8headers and Smtpext drafts, this one still seems a  
> long way from completion.
> 
> 1.  Introduction
> 
>     Downgrading in UTF8SMTP consists from following two parts:
>                                      ^^^^
>                                      of the

fixed

>     This document assumes that MIME headers are not extended to use UTF-8
>     characters because it is not clearly defined in
>     [I-D.ietf-eai-utf8headers].
> 
> On the contrary, [I-D.ietf-eai-utf8headers] now makes it very clear that  
> those MIME headers are to be extended, and the downgrading of those  
> headers now needs to be addressed.
> 
> 3.1.  Timing and conditions of downgrading
> 
>     Conditions:  SMTP client detects that non-ASCII characters are
>        included in the SMTP envelope or mail header fields in the SMTP
>        DATA.
> 
> That needs to include mail header fields at any level within the MINE  
> structure.

changed to:
	or mail header fields and MIME body part headers in the SMTP DATA.

> 3.2.  Requirements
> 
>     4.  Downgrading and upgrading should be easy and lightweight as it is
>         possible to do with MTA like 8BITMIME encapsulation.
> 
> But even downgrading 8BITMIME is not "easy and lightweight" if down  
> properly (e.g. as sendmail does it). Granted that the machinery for doing  
> 8BITMIME downgrading can easily be adapted to do header downgrading.

removed this requirement.

> 4.  Downgraded header
> 
>     downgraded  = "Downgraded:" [CFWS] field-name ":" dvalue CRLF
>     field-name = 1*ftext
>     ftext      = %d33-57 / %d59-126 ; printable ASCII except ":"
>     dvalue     = 1*any-ascii
>     any-ascii  = %d32-126
> 
> No, the proper syntax there is
> 
>     downgraded  = "Downgraded:" [CFWS] field-name ":" unstructured CRLF
> 
> Since <unstructured> is essentially what RFC 2047 is defined to work upon.  
> And I am not sure whether you want that "[CFWS]" there. Shouldn't it be  
> "[FWS]", because this header is always automatically generated, so there  
> will never be any comments in it? Or do you want downgrading  
> implementations to be able to add comments in there to cover unanticipated  
> situations (just like Received headers have acquired comments in such  
> ways).

"[CFWS]" is changed to "[FWS]".

> 3. You change the syntax to
> 
>     downgraded  = "Downgraded:" [CFWS] field-name ":" encoded CRLF
>     encoded     = *([FWS] (utext / encoded-word) [FWS]
> 
> where <utext> is the strict RFC 2822 version, and <encoded-word> comes  
>  from RFC 2047.

Rewrited ABNF as 3.

>     To preserve SMTP envelope downgraded information, another new header
>     is required, and it is specified as "Envelope-Downgraded".  Details
>     are described in Section 5.  The header field syntax is specified as
>     follows:
> 
>     fields =/ edowngraded
>     edowngraded = "Envelope-Downgraded:" [CFWS] field-name ":" value CRLF
>     field-name = "From" / "To"
>     value = CFWS "<" uPath ">" CFWS "<" Mailbox ">" CFWS
> 
> Several problems here:
> 
> 1. Same question about whether CFWS rather than FWS is appropriate in a  
> machine-generated header.

changed to FWS.

> 2. Please don't use <value> as an ABNF name. Too much risk of confusion  
> with <value> as used in MIME parameters

changed to "edowngraded-value"

> 3. Would it be better to have a notation (e.g. using some 'arrow' like  
> "->") which immediately suggested which of the two addresses was the  
> original and which was the downgraded?

I think two angle-addrs are enough.

> 4. Since this header will itself inevitably have to be downgraded,  
> wouldn't it be simpler to do it all in one step by providing for the  
> <uPath> to be encoded (e.g. by RFC 2047). All you would need would be a  
> syntax like
> 
>     value = CFWS "<" encoded-word ">" CFWS "<" Mailbox ">" CFWS

changed to this line and add some comments.

> 5.  SMTP Downgrading
> 
>     One SMTP session may contain multiple recipients.  Downgrading SHOULD
>     be performed for each SMTP recipient address individually.  First,
>     split a multiple recipients session to each sessions.  If the
>     recipient address is downgradable, the SMTP session to the recipient
>     is downgradable.
> 
> It is not clear what you mean by the term "session" here. Is it defined  
> anywhere?

Removed lines which contains "session".

>     Also note that by appending "Envelope-Downgraded:" headers, MUA/MTA
>     MUST perform Email header Downgrading described in Section 6.
> 
> And that is the unnecessary step I want to avoid by defining the  
> Envelope-Downgraded header to be already pure ASCII.

I agreed and replaced.

>     ESMTP ORCPT parameter is used for Delivery Status Notifications
>     (DSNs) [RFC3461].  ORCPT parameters contain mail addresses.  After
>     extending ORCPT parameter to support Non-ASCII mail addresses, ORCPT
>     parameter downgrading should be defined here.
> 
> Then please do it, or agree with Chris that it is to be defined in the DSN  
> document, and cross-reference it from here (but I think it would be better  
> to do it here, and I think we are agreed that it has to be done by %hex  
> encoding of the UTF-8).
> 
> 6.  Email header Downgrading
> 
>     This section defines conversion method to US-ASCII for each header
>     which may contain Non-ASCII characters.  If the whole mail header
>     does not contain Non-ASCII characters, email header downgrading is
>     not required.
> 
> You need to add that headers in MIME body parts and in contained  
> message/rfc822 objects also need to be examined.
> 
>    Otherwise, email header downgrading checks each header
>     whether it contains UTF-8 characters or not.
>                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>                         <UTF8-xtra-char>s
>                  {or whatever they are eventually called}

Changed to 'non-ASCII' which is defined in framework document.

>     .......... If the header contains
>     UTF-8 characters, convert the header in a suitable method for of each
>     header.  Each header's downgrading method is described below:
> 
>     This section defines conversion method to US-ASCII for each header
>     which may contain Non-ASCII characters.  If the whole mail header
>     does not contain Non-ASCII characters, email header downgrading is
>     not required.  Otherwise, email header downgrading checks each header
>     whether it contains UTF-8 characters or not.  If the header contains
>     UTF-8 characters, convert the header in a suitable method for of each
>     header.  Each header's downgrading method is described below:
> 
>     From, To, CC, Reply-To, Return-Path:
> 
> You need to add the Sender header, and also say that it applies to any  
> other header that might be defined to use a <mailbox>.

Added Sender and Resent-{From,To,CC}, removed Return-Path.

> And please s/header/header field/ in all places where it is not already  
> done.
> 
>        The header field body is composed of single or multiple angle-
>        addr/addr-spec fields defined in [I-D.ietf-eai-utf8headers].
>             ^^^^^^^^^
>           utf8-addr-spec
>        If the header has no 'angle-addr' or 'utf8-addr-spec' which
>        contains UTF-8 characters, only "display-name" part contains UTF-8
>                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^                                    ^^^^^
>                 <UTF8-xtra-char>s                              
> <UTF8-xtra-char>s
>        characters, encode the header by [RFC2047] with UTF-8 tag and
>        ^^^^^^^^^^         ^^^^^^^^^^
>                        that <display-name>
>        replace it.

fixed.

> Generally speaking, when refering to objects defined by ABNF, it is better  
> to enclose them within <.....> as recommended in RFC 4234, than to enclose  
> them within '.........'.

Ok, I will change.

>        ... When
>        this address header downgrading fails, this downgrading fails and
>        the mail MUST be bounced.
> 
> For some reason, we decided to use "rejected", rather than "bounced".

fixed.

>     Subject:
>        Encode the header by [RFC2047] with UTF-8 tag and replace it.
> 
> There are other headers where this would be the proper treatment. E.g.  
> Keywords, and header defined as <unstructured> by other standards (e.g.  
> the Summary header in Netnews), and all X-headers.

added.

> You also need to mention Envelope-Downgraded in this list, unless you have  
> adopted my suggestion to make it already all-ASCII when it is generated.
> 
>     Downgraded headers should be inserted or replaced at the same
>     position of the original header.
> 
> Yes, I think that is correct, although it might be argued that they are  
> "Trace" headers.
> 
> 6.1.  Downgrading address headers
> 
>     This procedure targets "From:", "To:", "CC:", "Reply-To:", "Return-
>     Path:" headers which contains Originator/Destination address(es).
> 
> You need to add Sender: to that list. Even Bcc:, though it should not  
> really be there. But it would also apply to any other header that might be  
> defined in future with a <mailbox> in it (it should be permitted for  
> agents that recognixe it, though we cannot REQUIRE it for headers newly  
> invented after our document is published).

agreed and added Bcc and Sender.

> And somewhere around here (section 6.2 maybe) you have to describe the  
> downgrading of MIME <value>s, which are allowed to contain UTF-8 according  
> to Utf8headers. The downgrade should, of course, use RFC 2231, and a  
> Downgraded header should be provided as well.

I will write this.

> You also need at least a placeholder for downgrading List-* headers,  
> although discussion of these in ongoing in a separate thread. And maybe a  
> placeholder for any downgrading that may sries from the DSN draft.

I will add List-* headers.

> 7.  Upgrading downgraded header

Upgrading is moved to appendix and I will rewrite.

> 8.  Implementation consideration

>     MUA MAY encode UTF-8 in Subject header with the same encoding of body
>     part while downgrading.
> 
> That also applies to other unstructured headers, and to display-names,  
> etc. It is essentially the point I made earlier about upgrading possibly  
> undoing more than the earlier downgrading did.
> 
>     UTF8SMTP compliant MUA MUST upgrade downgraded mail and MUST show
>     Non-ASCII mail addresses on display.
> 
> s/MUST/SHOULD/ (twice). There is no interoperability - just confusion :-( .
> 

This part is removed.

> 10.  IANA Considerations
> 
>     IANA is requested to add the "Envelope-Downgraded:", and
>     "Downgraded:" new headers to the registry with the entries pointing
>     to this specification for its definition.
> 
> You need to provede proper templates for these, as required by RFC 3864.

OK, added.

> Appendix A.  Examples
> 
> A.1.  Downgrading example 1
> 
>     In this example, there are two sessions, one is To:, the other is
>     CC:.  Both sessions are downgradable.  Figure 4 shows To: session
>     downgrading.
> 
> 
> I don't think "sessions" is the right word here. There is only one SMTP  
> "session", which lasts from the EHLO until the connection is broken. What  
> you are talking about here is just a part of the processing of one  
> message, namely that which applies to a single RCPT. Perhaps someone else  
> can suggest a better word here, but "session" is definitely wrong.

changed "session" to "recipient".

>     Result of the header downgrading.
> 
> 
>     Downgraded: Envelope-Downgraded: From:
>                 MIME(<NON-ASCII-FROM>) <ASCII-FROM>
>     Downgraded: Envelope-Downgraded: To:
>                 MIME(<NON-ASCII-TO>) <ASCII-TO>
> 
> s/MIME/RFC2047/ (or some other word, e.g. "DECODE")

changed to RFC2047

> And at the end of this downgraded example, please show how a Return-Path  
> (derived from the MAIL FROM) would look. And how would you show an  
> <alt-address> in it? Is it accompanied somehow by a Downgraded:  
> Return-Path: ... . I don't think we ever discussed how that would work.

added.

Return-Path: will be downgraded <alt-address>.
Decoding Envelope-Downgraded header may restore it as non-ASCII address, 
but it is not target of this document.

> A.2.  Upgrading example
> 
> And somehow you have to show how a Return-Path got upgraded (if at all)  
> here.
> 
>                 Figure 10: Downgraded header upgraded message
> 
>     As a result, in this simple example, all headers are preserved.
>                                             ^
>                                          the original

fixed.

--
Kazunori Fujiwara, JPRS

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As of this moment, I beleve that April 9 is over just about everywhere.
I have the following responses to the
opinion poll announced on April 4, one more than the preliminary:

A - I support HDR=UTF8
- Frank Ellermann
- Kari Hurtta (prefers HDR=UTF8SMTP if added)

B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
- Yangwoo Ko
- John Klensin
- Yao Jiankang
- Jeff Yeh
- Martin Duerst
- Harald Alvestrand
- Chris Newman

C - I have an opinion different from the 2 alternatives given, which is....
- Soobok Lee (missing HDR parameter interpreted as HDR=UTF8)
- Charles Lindsey (disagrees with definition)

That gives a grand total of 11 people with an opinion on this matter,
unless I've missed some.

Based on this poll, it seems reasonable to instruct the editors of the 
SMTPEXT document *not* to add anything about a HDR= parameter.

Please notify me of any errors, misunderstandings or missed opinions.

                     Harald


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On Mon, 09 Apr 2007 17:08:02 +0100, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:


> Also consider the third, even more difficult, case
>
> <- VRFY <foo2@bar>
> <- 250-Address is a UTF8SMTP mailbox, encoded
> <- 250 according to RFC9999 as <uncode-escape(utf8-a)@ACE(utf8-b)>

And that situation is even more likely to arise with the EXPN command.

{Slightly off topic, but can someone please explain to me why VRFY and  
EXPN are so often deprecated?}

However, there is a crude but possibly adequate solution to this problem,  
and that is that the server should "just send 8bit (i.e. UTF-8)". This  
will often make more sense to the client than a message saying, in ASCII,  
"sorry, I cannot answer because I am not allowed to use 8bit". Even if the  
client is reading in ISO-8859-X, UTF-8 will show up as obviously garbled  
characters, which the user will interpret as "seems to be some charset  
inknown to me". And most likely the same effect if the text gets truncated  
to 7bit. Eitherway, what is conveyed to the client is "it is possible that  
you are not going to be able to read this".

BTW, RFC3977 (the latest NNTP draft) officially specified UTF-8 as the  
default charset, not that it is expected to occur much unless and until  
Netnews adopts EAI or something like it. However, that does mean that NNTP  
servers are now allowed to send UTF-8 responses, and older NNTP clients  
will have to do the best they can with such responses - essentially as I  
have indicated above.

Alternatively, if we really must have a means for a client to say "I will  
accept UTF-8 responses", then Alexey's LANG command (even without  
parameters) would be a good way to indicate that - even if sent to a  
system that did not advertixe LANGUAGE it would do little harm, and make  
things no worse than any other solution.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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--On Tuesday, 10 April, 2007 19:18 +0900 fujiwara@jprs.co.jp
wrote:

>...
>>        ... When
>>        this address header downgrading fails, this
>>        downgrading fails and the mail MUST be bounced.
>> 
>> For some reason, we decided to use "rejected", rather than
>> "bounced".
> 
> fixed.

Please be careful about this so as to not introduce new
problems.  "rejected" is intended to imply "detected during the
receiving function of the SMTP system and handled by sending a
reply code back to the would-be sender".   Unless the downgrade
machinery is invoked before the connection from the sender is
closed, any notification to the sender that downgrading is not
possible will have to be sent as a DSN, not a provided in a
"reject" context.  While it would be possible to do so in at
least some cases, in general trying to keep that incoming
connection open until it is determined whether successful
downgrading can be accomplished would not be a good idea.

>> There are other headers where this would be the proper
>> treatment. E.g.   Keywords, and header defined as
>> <unstructured> by other standards (e.g.   the Summary header
>> in Netnews), and all X-headers.
> 
> added.

Certainly not for "all X-headers" since one has no idea what is
in them.  This strikes me as dangerous and I would prefer that
we be very conservative about it.

>...

regards,
   john


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--On Monday, 09 April, 2007 20:37 +0200 Frank Ellermann
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> John C Klensin wrote:
>  
>> I see little option other than either an explicit assertion
>> from the client that UTF8SMTP stuff is in use.  That
>> probably is not the controversial HDR argument, since the
>> headers might not affected at all (note that
>>    EHLO
>>    VRFY
>>    QUIT
>> is a perfectly valid sequence)
> 
>> But might take us toward VRF8 and EXP8.  I'd rather not try to
>> do the latter in this WG if we can avoid it, but only because
>> VRFY and EXPN, more than any other SMTP command that has not
>> been deprecated completely, are in need of a modernizing
>> redesign: to create new commands without doing that would be a
>> shame.
> 
> Okay, but the UTF8SMTP draft has to mention this or any similar
> choice somewhere.  VRF8 and EXP8 would be really ugly.  Maybe
> the 2821bis crowd can deprecate EXPN while they're at it, I'm
> not sure what 2821bis-01 3.5.2 actually means wrt EXPN.  Is it
> some kind of "SHOULD implement and immediately disable it" ?

Closer to "while EXPN is often bad news in the general case,
there may be exceptions in which it is very useful   In
particular, if the user or system making the EXPN request is
known an authenticated via some mechanism, the considerations
may be quite different from those if that is not the case.".
If you think 2821bis needs text to make that more explicit,
please suggest it on that list and provide the text.

> Maybe we could add a command USE8 enabling UTF8SMTP addresses
> in responses, valid until the next EHLO, HELO, or RSET ?

That would be one approach.

>>> - Have some kind of command from the client to the server
>>> saying "I am willing to accept UTF8 in responses".
>  
>> The last suggestions above sort of start down that path, of
>> course.
> 
> What's the alternative for say 251 + 551, new response codes
> in the direction of "I'd like to tell you more but can't" ?

For reasons that I hope 2821 explains adequately, including the
simple observation that alias and forwarding processing are
rarely done these days until long after the message has been
accepted, 251 and 551 have not been widely supported for many,
many years.  I believe I argued during the DRUMS period that
they should be deprecated entirely but, if I did, I lost the
argument.   Again, there may be special circumstances but,
speaking personally, it will be hard to convince me to lose
sleep over message syntax associated with those codes.  But, if
one wanted to do it, some appropriate text, followed by an
escaped form of the address (see my other note on this subject)
would presumably be an alternative.

    john


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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: UTF8SMTP mailbox on SMTP reply (Re:
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--On Tuesday, 10 April, 2007 01:39 +0100 Tony Finch
<dot@dotat.at> wrote:

> On Mon, 9 Apr 2007, John C Klensin wrote:
>> 
>> Except that the non-ASCII SMTP status problem needs to be
>> solved and at least a few of us believe that Alexey's draft
>> violates a fundamental architectural principle of the
>> Internet.
> 
> If you are referring to the RFC 2277 protocol/text
> distinction,

I was not.  I was referring to the much older idea that we
should establish single "line" format and forms and let systems
at the end points convert to and from them rather than creating
the N**2 problem of everyone being expected to understand
everyone else's forms (or, in this case, languages and character
sets).

>...
> Enhanced Status Codes do not provide an adequate
> foundation for internationalization since they do not cover
> the complete range of possible reasons for rejection and the
> range they do cover is not covered in enough detail. These
> inadequacies cannot be fixed since new ESCs for existing parts
> of the protocol are not interoperable - older software won't
> have textual explanations for them - and anti-spam tactics
> mean there's a never-ending supply of new reasons for
> rejecting email. Therefore the ESC registry is only useful for
> co-ordinating ESC allocations for new protocol extensions.

If you are correct, then enhanced status codes are a failure and
should be pulled of the standards track and junked:  providing
the adequate foundation to which you refer was a large part of
the justification for doing those codes in the first place.
Note, in that regard, the second sentence of Section 2 of RFC
1893:

	"These status codes are intended to be used for media
	and language independent status reporting."

So I await the proposal to deprecate the things and, ideally, to
replace them with something that will accomplish that goal.

> In practice I usually configure my systems to produce a brief
> error message and a URL, such as a DNS blacklist lookup URL,
> or a link to further documentation. In principle HTTP can then
> do some of the i18n heavy lifting - though this is not a
> solution for UTF8 in SMTP replies.
> 
> Alexey's draft has the same architectural model as the LANG
> command in FTP (RFC 2640) and proposed for POP and IMAP.

IMO, 2640 is badly broken for other reasons.  Trying to write
that up and fix it generated a collection of prerequisite work.
And I have almost the same objections to the POP and IMAP
proposals that I do to the SMTP one.   However, SMTP is more
difficult for the usual other reason: FTP, POP, and IMAP all
require a direct client-server connection (in FTP's case, for
the command channel) to operate.  Consequently, any negotiations
about replies are between the client and the server that will
produce them.  Because of the relay issues, an SMTP negotiation
about the language and form of responses is much more tentative
and tenuous.  Certainly it will work sometimes, but the other
cases a problematic.

     john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Apr 10 14:34:59 2007
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Tony Finch wrote:

> In practice I usually configure my systems to produce a brief error
> message and a URL, such as a DNS blacklist lookup URL, or a link to
> further documentation. In principle HTTP can then do some of the i18n
> heavy lifting - though this is not a solution for UTF8 in SMTP replies.

In a nutshell one of the reasons why there are no I18N considerations
in RFC 4408:  A http-URL is much better, or at least good enough.

> Alexey's draft has the same architectural model as the LANG command
> in FTP (RFC 2640) and proposed for POP and IMAP.

FTP etc. replies aren't copied verbatim into a DSN.  The DSN has its
own charset, and the mailer creating a DSN has no idea which charset
an I18N reply code might use.  If Alexey manages to specify that it
MUST be UTF-8 if it's not ASCII, then it's still in a language I don't
know (as original sender, in no direct relationship with the mailer
forced to create the DSN).

Frank



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Apr 10 22:23:04 2007
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Subject: Re: [EAI] Discussion of draft-ietf-eai-downgrade-03.txt
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> From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
> >> For some reason, we decided to use "rejected", rather than
> >> "bounced".
> > 
> > fixed.
> 
> Please be careful about this so as to not introduce new
> problems.  "rejected" is intended to imply "detected during the
> receiving function of the SMTP system and handled by sending a
> reply code back to the would-be sender".   Unless the downgrade
> machinery is invoked before the connection from the sender is
> closed, any notification to the sender that downgrading is not
> possible will have to be sent as a DSN, not a provided in a
> "reject" context.  While it would be possible to do so in at
> least some cases, in general trying to keep that incoming
> connection open until it is determined whether successful
> downgrading can be accomplished would not be a good idea.

I understand.

I deleted "rejected" and rewrited as "Downgrading fails".
After failed downgrading, the message will be bounced but it is
written in smtpext document.

--
Kazunori Fujiwara, JPRS

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Date: Wed, 11 Apr 2007 01:07:28 -0400
From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
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--On Wednesday, 11 April, 2007 11:22 +0900 fujiwara@jprs.co.jp
wrote:

>> From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
>> >> For some reason, we decided to use "rejected", rather than
>> >> "bounced".
>> > 
>> > fixed.
>> 
>> Please be careful about this so as to not introduce new
>> problems.  "rejected" is intended to imply "detected during
>> the receiving function of the SMTP system and handled by
>> sending a reply code back to the would-be sender".   Unless
>> the downgrade machinery is invoked before the connection from
>> the sender is closed, any notification to the sender that
>> downgrading is not possible will have to be sent as a DSN,
>> not a provided in a "reject" context.  While it would be
>> possible to do so in at least some cases, in general trying
>> to keep that incoming connection open until it is determined
>> whether successful downgrading can be accomplished would not
>> be a good idea.
> 
> I understand.
> 
> I deleted "rejected" and rewrited as "Downgrading fails".
> After failed downgrading, the message will be bounced but it is
> written in smtpext document.

That is, I think, an excellent solution.
 thanks,
    john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Apr 11 02:36:46 2007
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To: klensin@jck.com
Subject: downgrading target header list (Re: [EAI] Discussion of
	draft-ietf-eai-downgrade-03.txt)
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> From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
> >> There are other headers where this would be the proper
> >> treatment. E.g.   Keywords, and header defined as
> >> <unstructured> by other standards (e.g.   the Summary header
> >> in Netnews), and all X-headers.
> > 
> > added.
> 
> Certainly not for "all X-headers" since one has no idea what is
> in them.  This strikes me as dangerous and I would prefer that
> we be very conservative about it.

Encapsulating undefined headers (including all X-headers) is reasonable?

I listed headers from RFC 4021. (There may be some omission.)
Then, I categorized 7 rewriting header methods.

Please check the list of downgrading target headers below.

And then, I have a question about Content-* header downgrading.
Content-* header appears in RFC 2045 section 5.

Which downgrading method is suitable for Unknown Content-* header,
      (7)Encapsulating into Downgraded or (5)RFC 2231 ?

- List of downgrading target headers

  1. Originator and destination addresses headers
     ->  preserve original header into Downgraded: header
         and rewrite utf8-addr-spec as alt-addr
	 (comment encoded by 2047)

        From:
        Sender:
        Reply-To:
        To:
        Cc:
        Bcc:
        Resent-From:
        Resent-Sender:
        Resent-To:
        Resent-Cc:
        Resent-Reply-To:
	Disposition-Notification-To:

  2. ASCII only value with non-ascii comment
     -> encode by RFC 2047

        Date:
        Message-ID:
        In-Reply-To:
        References:
        Resent-Date:
        Resent-Message-ID:
	MIME-Version:
	Content-ID:

  3. text header
     -> encode by RFC 2047

        Subject:
        Comments:
        Keywords:

  4. trace header
     -> Remove uFor clause

        Received:

  5. MIME headers (with UTF-8 string)
     -> encode by RFC 2231

	Content-Type:
	Content-Transfer-Encoding:
	Content-Description:

  6. URI headers
     -> encode by RFC 3987

	List-Archive:
	List-Help:
	List-Owner:
	List-Post:
	List-Subscribe:
	List-Unsubscribe:

  7. Unknown/Undefined headers
     -> encapsulate into Downgraded header

	X-headers:
        other unstructured headers:
        other structured headers:


---
Regards,

--
Kazunori Fujiwara, JPRS

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Wed Apr 11 02:39:51 2007
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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Yuri Inglikov <Yuri.Inglikov@microsoft.com>
Subject: RE: [EAI] Discussion of draft-ietf-eai-downgrade-03.txt
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Yuri,

This is a personal perspective.  I hope that the authors of the
downgrade draft, and others, will respond to you also.

I think you have captured the key issues here.   I believe that
there are three, philosophically different, ways to look at the
problem for which the downgrade draft is a proposed solution.
Each one has implications for, e.g.., likely rate of deployment
and quality of interworking during the transition period.  There
is not  complete agreement about what those implications might
be, i.e., different people have different theories about which
approach is most likely to lead to rapid deployment of the EAI
features.

These are listed in order of increasing complexity, not
preference.

(1) No downgrading at all.   An address is an address.
Addresses being unreachable are old news and, while I might want
to tell a correspondent to use a hotmail address if my normal
one doesn't seem to be working, I do that in the body of the
message and allow the sending user to deal with it, rather than
requiring additional syntax to express the alternatives.  In
this model, if a UTF-8 address cannot be reached, the message
just gets rejected or returned.   Problems arise when the UTF-8
address is backward-pointing (so there is no place for an
ASCII-only system to send a reply or delivery status
notification) or if the envelope is all-ASCII but the message
headers contain UTF-8 material.  For the second of these cases,
the worst-case problem is only constructing a DSN, which is
inherently less general than the problem of constructing a
machine-intelligible downgraded message.

(2) Downgrading only.   Here, the downgrading operation is
treated as a one-way gateway transformation, with the target
being to create as near an approximation to the original message
as possible in all-ASCII form.  Other than trace information
that would indicate that the transformation occurred, there
would be no serious attempt to preserve pre-downgrade
information that couldn't be cleanly expressed in encoded words,
no attempt to preserve digital signatures, etc.  Probably there
would be no new headers, eliminating the problems you identify.
However, an internationalized client sitting behind an
ASCII-only system or relay would see only the ASCII addresses
and have no mechanism to generate a reply to the UTF-8 address
(unless there were comments in the body text), even if it has a
UTF8SMTP-capable path in the reverse direction.

(3) Downgrading with upgrade capability at the endpoints.   If
one thinks it is important to permit a UTF8SMTP-capable mail
reader or MUA at the receiving end to see an approximation of
the original message, headers, and addresses, despite
downgrading on the path to it, then one needs to, somehow,
preserve most of the original information -- much more
information than is required by (2).  How far one wants to go,
and how far one can go, is so far still an unresolved question,
with trying to preserve or restore the integrity of envelope
information and of digital signatures over header fields as the
most stringent possible targets.

Clearly, the downgrade document reflects the third view.  If one
were to adopt one of the other views instead, the specifications
would be quite different.

regards,
    john


(2) 

--On Tuesday, 10 April, 2007 22:56 -0700 Yuri Inglikov
<Yuri.Inglikov@microsoft.com> wrote:

> I am trying to catch up on the progress of this WG and
> wondering if the following was ever debated or not. The
> downgrading with Downgraded: and Envelope-Downgraded header
> fields apparently has the following issues:
> 
> 1. Address header fields (such as To, Cc,...) going out of
> sync with corresponding Downgraded: header fields. There are
> applications which modify address header fields, such as
> address rewriting agents or workflow applications. This means
> that upgrade of address header field may not always be
> possible. I think that the method which is based on
> introducing unstructured redundant information like this is
> flawed. My preference, if we need to keep a path to upgrade
> header fields, would be to do this on a per-recipient basis
> and just drop the Downgraded: information if corresponding
> recipient not found in any address header. Also we should
> introduce as little redundancy as possible, e.g. there is no
> need to duplicate display names in Downgraded: header as
> display name can be safely 2047-encodded without data loss.
> 
> 2. Some MUA potentially can preserve the Downgraded: header
> fields in replies and especially in forwarded messages. While
> this may not be a problem for RFC2822 or MIME header fields
> (it is not worse than original header field being preserved),
> the net result is that such Downgraded: headers can appear in
> a wrong message, i.e. not the one which was originally
> downgraded. This, on the first glance, can be a real problem
> for Envelope-Downgraded headers, e.g. MAIL FROM address, is
> it? E.g. could it cause P1 sender of a message being replaced
> with original sender while upgrading the envelope information?
> Is there such thing as envelope information upgrade? If not,
> then why bother preserving such information (other than as
> another trace field)?
> 
> I personally think that it can be acceptable to define the
> downgrade process as not reversible, e.g. that downgrade can
> just drop the UTF8 address and use alt-addresses instead.
> There should be no such thing as upgrade, the downgraded
> message should be handled as normal pre-EAI message with
> appropriate information encoded in a backwards-compatible
> fashion. What are disadvantages of this approach? I assume we
> want the downgrade mechanism to be less and less necessary
> over time when everybody upgrades to support EAI.
> 
> My another feeling is that unknown header fields downgrade can
> just use RFC2047 encoding by default. The reasoning is that no
> header fields defined before EAI are supposed to contain UTF-8
> and no downgrade should be necessary for such header fields,
> except those specifically supported by EAI (such as Subject,
> address header fields). Of course new header fields can be
> defined after EAI is introduced which may want to take
> advantage of UTF8. In such case they either should be defined
> as unstructured headers for which default downgrade mechanism
> (RFC2047) is sufficient, or those are new structured headers.
> For new structured headers EAI could define a way to identify
> such header for EAI downgrade purposes and a common open
> format (like the one defined for a Content-Disposition header
> with parameters) with provisions how to identify parts which
> potentially can contain UTF8 and how to downgrade them
> (RFC2231?).
> 
> I.e. then downgrade process could be defined as dropping
> redundant information (UTF8 addresses) and orderly encoding of
> remaining UTF8 information. No upgrade process should be
> defined.
> 
> Sorry if I am bringing back something which was already
> debated and rejected, I still have a lot to catch up.
> 
> Thanks,
> Yuri





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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Harald Tveit Alvestrand" <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: <ima@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, April 09, 2007 9:23 PM
Subject: [EAI] POLL RESULT (preliminary): HDR= extension on MAIL FROM


> 
> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
> - Yangwoo Ko
> - John Klensin
> - Yao Jiankang
> - Jeff Yeh
> - Martin Duerst
> - Harald Alvestrand

+1
count me.

MAO Wei



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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Harald Tveit Alvestrand" <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: <ima@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, April 09, 2007 9:23 PM
Subject: [EAI] POLL RESULT (preliminary): HDR= extension on MAIL FROM


> 
> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
> - Yangwoo Ko
> - John Klensin
> - Yao Jiankang
> - Jeff Yeh
> - Martin Duerst
> - Harald Alvestrand

+1
count me.

MAO Wei



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----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Harald Tveit Alvestrand" <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: <ima@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, April 09, 2007 9:23 PM
Subject: [EAI] POLL RESULT (preliminary): HDR= extension on MAIL FROM


> 
> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
> - Yangwoo Ko
> - John Klensin
> - Yao Jiankang
> - Jeff Yeh
> - Martin Duerst
> - Harald Alvestrand

+1
count me.

MAO Wei



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Alvestrand" <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: <ima@ietf.org>
Sent: Monday, April 09, 2007 9:23 PM
Subject: [EAI] POLL RESULT (preliminary): HDR= extension on MAIL FROM


> 
> B - I support NOT adding HDR=UTF8
> - Yangwoo Ko
> - John Klensin
> - Yao Jiankang
> - Jeff Yeh
> - Martin Duerst
> - Harald Alvestrand

+1
count me.

MAO Wei



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fujiwara@jprs.co.jp wrote:

> Encapsulating undefined headers (including all X-headers) is
> reasonable?

As long as you don't use 2047 / 2231 on "words", because you
don't know what a "word" is without knowing the structure, as
in the ...

xxx: (=?ascii*fr?Q?no?= encoded =?ascii*en?Q?words?=)

...example, if xxx header field bodies are unstructured (or
allow no comments).

> Which downgrading method is suitable for Unknown Content-*
> header, (7) Encapsulating into Downgraded or (5) RFC 2231 ?

None, Content-* MUST be ASCII for MIME Version 1.0, and the
old pre-MIME Content-Type was also ASCII.

> From: Sender: Reply-To: To: Cc: Bcc:

Bcc should be empty...

> Resent-From: Resent-Sender: Resent-To: Resent-Cc:

...or add Resent-Bcc: (what crap, sigh).

> Resent-Reply-To:

Strike that, it doesn't exist.

> Disposition-Notification-To:

Can somebody _please_ start the next "decruft experiment" ?

>   3. text header
>      -> encode by RFC 2047

>         Subject:
>         Comments:
>         Keywords:

Keywords isn't unstructured, <obs-phrase> can have a comment,
see above.

>   4. trace header
>      -> Remove uFor clause

>         Received:

Received-SPF, DKIM-Signature.


>   5. MIME headers (with UTF-8 string)

Reject as bogus, or encode as unstructured garbage (like subject).

>   6. URI headers
>      -> encode by RFC 3987

>         List-Archive:
>         List-Help:
>         List-Owner:
>         List-Post:
>         List-Subscribe:
>         List-Unsubscribe:

Archived-At (will be an RFC before Downgrade, I hope).  I think
there can be comments in List-*.  Add "List-Id:" to your second
section.

>   7. Unknown/Undefined headers
>      -> encapsulate into Downgraded header

>         X-headers:
>         other unstructured headers:
>         other structured headers:

IMO that kills it, structured and unstructured MUST NOT be in the
same group.  For X-anything you can say "who cares, let's assume
it's unstructured like a subject", but unknown + structured is a
showstopper for any "2047-encode 'words'" strategy, because you
can't tell what a 'word' is.

Frank



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From: Yuri Inglikov <Yuri.Inglikov@microsoft.com>
To: 'John C Klensin' <klensin@jck.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Apr 2007 11:20:27 -0700
Subject: RE: [EAI] Discussion of draft-ietf-eai-downgrade-03.txt
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Thank you.

I think that even if WG decides to standardize the most complex solution #3=
, which seems to be the direction, then #2 and #1 could still be left legal=
 and the choice left to implementers.

BTW apparently #1 is very close (in sense of the effect to end user) to a "=
failure to downgrade", i.e. bouncing the message when there is no alt-addre=
ss to downgrade to - some addresses are just effectively unreachable. Logic=
al extension to that is a "failure to downgrade" when MTA decides to not im=
plement downgrade.

As for #2, somebody can probably decide that the name "gateway" versus "MTA=
" is not a big deal and implement this solution anyway?

Yuri

-----Original Message-----
From: John C Klensin [mailto:klensin@jck.com]
Sent: Tuesday, April 10, 2007 11:39 PM
To: Yuri Inglikov
Cc: ima@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [EAI] Discussion of draft-ietf-eai-downgrade-03.txt

Yuri,

This is a personal perspective.  I hope that the authors of the
downgrade draft, and others, will respond to you also.

I think you have captured the key issues here.   I believe that
there are three, philosophically different, ways to look at the
problem for which the downgrade draft is a proposed solution.
Each one has implications for, e.g.., likely rate of deployment
and quality of interworking during the transition period.  There
is not  complete agreement about what those implications might
be, i.e., different people have different theories about which
approach is most likely to lead to rapid deployment of the EAI
features.

These are listed in order of increasing complexity, not
preference.

(1) No downgrading at all.   An address is an address.
Addresses being unreachable are old news and, while I might want
to tell a correspondent to use a hotmail address if my normal
one doesn't seem to be working, I do that in the body of the
message and allow the sending user to deal with it, rather than
requiring additional syntax to express the alternatives.  In
this model, if a UTF-8 address cannot be reached, the message
just gets rejected or returned.   Problems arise when the UTF-8
address is backward-pointing (so there is no place for an
ASCII-only system to send a reply or delivery status
notification) or if the envelope is all-ASCII but the message
headers contain UTF-8 material.  For the second of these cases,
the worst-case problem is only constructing a DSN, which is
inherently less general than the problem of constructing a
machine-intelligible downgraded message.

(2) Downgrading only.   Here, the downgrading operation is
treated as a one-way gateway transformation, with the target
being to create as near an approximation to the original message
as possible in all-ASCII form.  Other than trace information
that would indicate that the transformation occurred, there
would be no serious attempt to preserve pre-downgrade
information that couldn't be cleanly expressed in encoded words,
no attempt to preserve digital signatures, etc.  Probably there
would be no new headers, eliminating the problems you identify.
However, an internationalized client sitting behind an
ASCII-only system or relay would see only the ASCII addresses
and have no mechanism to generate a reply to the UTF-8 address
(unless there were comments in the body text), even if it has a
UTF8SMTP-capable path in the reverse direction.

(3) Downgrading with upgrade capability at the endpoints.   If
one thinks it is important to permit a UTF8SMTP-capable mail
reader or MUA at the receiving end to see an approximation of
the original message, headers, and addresses, despite
downgrading on the path to it, then one needs to, somehow,
preserve most of the original information -- much more
information than is required by (2).  How far one wants to go,
and how far one can go, is so far still an unresolved question,
with trying to preserve or restore the integrity of envelope
information and of digital signatures over header fields as the
most stringent possible targets.

Clearly, the downgrade document reflects the third view.  If one
were to adopt one of the other views instead, the specifications
would be quite different.

regards,
    john


(2)


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From: "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
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On Wed, 11 Apr 2007 07:36:32 +0100, <fujiwara@jprs.co.jp> wrote:

>> From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>

>> Certainly not for "all X-headers" since one has no idea what is
>> in them.  This strikes me as dangerous and I would prefer that
>> we be very conservative about it.
>
> Encapsulating undefined headers (including all X-headers) is reasonable?

The general opinion is that X-headers are to be considered 'unstructured'.  
Certainly, RFC 2047 gives Carte Blanche to encode them, so we might as  
well follow that lead.

Of course, unrecognised headers are quite a different thing (and RFC 2047  
signally fails to deal with them). If you could find the RFC that defines  
them, you might well find that they had a structure, and that structure  
might even have places where UTF-8 might be sensible. But all that  
software that does not recognize them can do is to use a Downgraded  
header, and hope that whoever eventually upgrades them can do something  
useful with them.
>
> I listed headers from RFC 4021. (There may be some omission.)
> Then, I categorized 7 rewriting header methods.

Yes, I think your list is more or less correct.

>   1. Originator and destination addresses headers
>      ->  preserve original header into Downgraded: header
>          and rewrite utf8-addr-spec as alt-addr
> 	 (comment encoded by 2047)

And you could add to your list that it is acceptable to use the same  
technique on any header that might be defined in the future and that  
involves <mailbox>es, even though some software might only be able to use  
the default Downgraded header on them.


>   3. text header
>      -> encode by RFC 2047

Again, add a general permission for any header that is defined as  
"unstructured" (the Netnews Summary and Organization headers, for example).


>   5. MIME headers (with UTF-8 string)
>      -> encode by RFC 2231
>
> 	Content-Type:
> 	Content-Transfer-Encoding:
> 	Content-Description:

AFAIK, all the currently defined Content-* headers are safe under this  
(i.e. they either have <parameter>s, or UTF-8 is inappropriate within them  
(apart from any <comment>s). Furtunately, many existing MUAs which have  
already implemented 2231 will upgrade them as appropriate.

But note also that many newer RFCs are begining to use <parameter>s in  
other situations (e.g. the new Injection-Info in Netnews). But AFAICS it  
is always safe to use 2231 on them.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the Email Address Internationalization Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: SMTP extension for internationalized email address
	Author(s)	: J. Yao, W. Mao
	Filename	: draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-05.txt
	Pages		: 19
	Date		: 2007-4-11
	
This document specifies the use of SMTP extension for
   internationalized email address delivery.  Communication with systems
   that do not implement this specification is specified in another
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[[ sorry for the late reply, I just noticed that this message has 
been in my Out mailbox for some time and was never sent ]]

At 4:00 PM +0000 3/20/07, Charles Lindsey wrote:

>  You also need an example such as
>        non-ASCII@non-ASCII
>  since we agreed that a pure <utf8-addr-spec> without "<...>" would 
> still be allowed, and your syntax shows it.

Did we?  I don't recall this.  Can you remind me when we did so?
-- 
Randall Gellens
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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>, ima@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
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Some small possible disagreements...

--On Wednesday, 11 April, 2007 19:00 +0200 Frank Ellermann
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> fujiwara@jprs.co.jp wrote:
> 
>> Encapsulating undefined headers (including all X-headers) is
>> reasonable?
> 
> As long as you don't use 2047 / 2231 on "words", because you
> don't know what a "word" is without knowing the structure, as
> in the ...
> 
> xxx: (=?ascii*fr?Q?no?= encoded =?ascii*en?Q?words?=)
> 
> ...example, if xxx header field bodies are unstructured (or
> allow no comments).

Right.  The good news is that we've made other requirements that
anything that would need to be downgraded must be Unicode
encoded in UTF-8.   So, if it is absolutely clear in the text of
the I-D how a "Downgraded" header is structured, you could use
one of the techniques discussed in draft-klensin-unicode-escapes
without much (or any) risk.

>> Which downgrading method is suitable for Unknown Content-*
>> header, (7) Encapsulating into Downgraded or (5) RFC 2231 ?
> 
> None, Content-* MUST be ASCII for MIME Version 1.0, and the
> old pre-MIME Content-Type was also ASCII.

Almost true.  The only MIME headers that can have non-ASCII
strings in them are those that can contain non-ASCII text if our
"utf8-headers" document says so.  For example, consider local
system pathnames on a Unicode-based file system, specified in a
"name=" parameter, which might well be in UTF-8.

My personal ruthless instinct is that it is better to drop these
things than to encode them and risk fouling them up, but there
is as good a case for a Downgraded header for them as for just
about anything else.

>...
>> Disposition-Notification-To:
> 
> Can somebody _please_ start the next "decruft experiment" ?

Please raise this in the context of RFC2822bis (assuming that
draft ever gets posted).

>>   4. trace header
>>      -> Remove uFor clause
> 
>>         Received:
> 
> Received-SPF, DKIM-Signature.

Apologies for being rigid about this, but I'm unaware of any
published RFCs that specify non-ASCII header material for either
of these.  If the header lines contain only ASCII text, they
don't need to be downgraded.

>>   5. MIME headers (with UTF-8 string)
> 
> Reject as bogus, or encode as unstructured garbage (like
> subject).

See discussion of Content-* above.

>...
> Archived-At (will be an RFC before Downgrade, I hope).  I think
> there can be comments in List-*.  Add "List-Id:" to your second
> section.

This identifies a problem with "downgrade" that we at least need
to identify.   New headers are added and standardized from time
to time.  We are going to need a general theory about how to
deal with them.  That theory might be expressed as a requirement
on standardization of new headers, or their registrations, that
they specify how they should be downgraded.   I don't think  it
is necessary to work this out in a comprehensive way for this
round of experimental RFCs, but there should at least be a
placeholder noting the issue.

>>   7. Unknown/Undefined headers
>>      -> encapsulate into Downgraded header
> 
>>         X-headers:
>>         other unstructured headers:
>>         other structured headers:
> 
> IMO that kills it, structured and unstructured MUST NOT be in
> the same group.  For X-anything you can say "who cares, let's
> assume it's unstructured like a subject", but unknown +
> structured is a showstopper for any "2047-encode 'words'"
> strategy, because you can't tell what a 'word' is.

Yes, I think that is correct.  See comments above about the
possibility of simply using escaped Unicode.

      john


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On Thu, 12 Apr 2007 00:51:54 +0100, Randall Gellens <randy@qualcomm.com>
wrote:

> [[ sorry for the late reply, I just noticed that this message has been  
> in my Out mailbox for some time and was never sent ]]
>
> At 4:00 PM +0000 3/20/07, Charles Lindsey wrote:
>
>>  You also need an example such as
>>        non-ASCII@non-ASCII
>>  since we agreed that a pure <utf8-addr-spec> without "<...>" would  
>> still be allowed, and your syntax shows it.
>
> Did we?  I don't recall this.  Can you remind me when we did so?

There was a very long thread entitled "[EAI] other thought about
<eai@address <ascii@address>>" which started on 29th January, and went all
around this subject. There were some possible ambiguities exhibited which
were shown to be safe if the syntax of RFC 2822 was followed (though a few
agents parsed them wrongly). There was also a bug identified in the ABNF
of Utf8headers which has since been fixed. And there were various other
Red Herrings that got discussed.

But my interpretation of the outcome was that the consensus was to allow
      To: non-ASCII@non-ASCII
Only yourself (and possibly Soobok) appeared to be against.



-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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John C Klensin wrote:

> The good news is that we've made other requirements that
> anything that would need to be downgraded must be Unicode
> encoded in UTF-8.   So, if it is absolutely clear in the
> text of the I-D how a "Downgraded" header is structured,
> you could use one of the techniques discussed in
> draft-klensin-unicode-escapes without much (or any) risk.

I'm not sure, it could run into similar problems like 2047-
encoding something that already is (in parts) 2047-encoded.

One of the techniques discussed in your I-D is to use NCRs.
I know that you don't like them, but they're handy for a
quick example (using Latin-1 instead of UTF-8 here):

| Subject: &#160; ist f=FCr bl=F6de Brwser besser als &#xA0;

Downgrading the UTF-8 version of this subject with NCRs
would result in an ASCII string like this:

| &#160; ist f&#xFC;r bl&#xF6;de Browser besser als &#xA0;

When that's "upgraded" later the literal &#xA0; would be
replaced by UTF-8 for u+00A0, while the &#160; survives
as is, the "upgraded" subject would be displayed as:

| Subject: &#160; ist f=FCr bl=F6de Browser besser als =A0

IMO we need a new technique that can completely ignore the
structure or not of the header field, and the existence of
anything within the header field using a similar technique.

Or we say (for the same hex. NCR example) that any original
"&" has to be encoded as &#x26;   This would result in:

| &#x26;#160; ist f&#xFC;r bl&#xF6;de Browser besser als &#x26;#xA0;

As you said we'd be in a hopeless situation if there are
any non-ASCII octets not belonging to a valid UTF-8.  For
that case we'd need a technique encoding "raw" octets, or
in other words B64-encode the complete header field body,
no matter if it's proper UTF-8 or not, structured or not,
or folded or not.  We'd have to introduce our own folding
of course, 1000 B64-characters per folded line or similar.

> Almost true.  The only MIME headers that can have non-ASCII
> strings in them are those that can contain non-ASCII text
> if our "utf8-headers" document says so.

IMO it can't.  What about a multipart Content-Type with a
weird UTF-8 comment, would that result in the following raw
example ?

-- good boundary
Downgraded: Content-Type: Base-64(UTF-8 header field body)

-- lost boundary
=2E..
-- lost boundary --
-- good boundary --

The "lost boundary" would be hidden within whatever the
Downgrade mechanism did.  The former multipart would be
a single part without MIME header fields.  Maybe a smart
Downgrade mechanism could fix that somehow, preserving a
copy of the old Content-Type without its UTF-8 comment.

> For example, consider local system pathnames on a
> Unicode-based file system, specified in a
> "name=3D" parameter, which might well be in UTF-8.

Yes, I know why Charles wants it.  IMO adding "MIME 2.0"
(explicitly or implicitly) to the EAI experiment is too
much, email addresses (as the name EAI says) are already
complex enough for the moment.

If some folks really "must" have UTF-8 in filenames and
comments of Content-* they can manage this with RFC 2231,
at least until we know how the EAI core works without
this additional feature.

This MIME 2.0 idea scares me.  It's about as attractive
as integrating 4408 into 2821bis, or Bruce's great plan
to integrate MIME into 2822bis.

> My personal ruthless instinct is that it is better to
> drop these things than to encode them and risk fouling
> them up, but there is as good a case for a Downgraded
> header for them as for just about anything else.

My instinct is to leave MIME 1.0 Content-* alone.  All
these "look into the body and parse its MIME structure"
concepts make me nervous.  I'd prefer to ignore all 7BIT
routes as irrelevant for the purposes of EAI.  We should
just assume that 8BITMIME is the norm, and where reality
disagrees it's an 8BITMIME problem, not a job for EAI.

>>> Disposition-Notification-To:
>> Can somebody _please_ start the next "decruft experiment" ?

> Please raise this in the context of RFC2822bis

Diposition-Notification-To would be 3798bis, also used in
4356.  The new Jabber-ID header field is also interesting,
it's in essence an IRI in URI format, like Archived-At.
Jabber-ID is also no RFC yet, but it might be ready soon.

>>>         Received:
>> Received-SPF, DKIM-Signature.

> Apologies for being rigid about this, but I'm unaware of
> any published RFCs that specify non-ASCII header material
> for either of these.

Charles wants UTF-8 comments everywhere.  For Received-SPF
there will be an update to allow a new UTF8SMTP MAIL FROM
address, and in theory also a message/utf-8 PRA if somebody
cares to update 4405 and 4406.

> If the header lines contain only ASCII text, they don't
> need to be downgraded.

These trace header fields are added in transit, of course
only ASCII on 8BITMIME routes.  But for UTF8SMTP routes
they will have to support UTF8SMTP addresses, and a mailer
trying to downgrade them has then to know how.  One of the
reasons why I prefer a downgrade mechanism that can ignore
the syntax of obscure header fields.

> This identifies a problem with "downgrade" that we at least
> need to identify.   New headers are added and standardized
> from time to time.  We are going to need a general theory
> about how to deal with them.

Yes, my theory is a "syntax agnostic downgrade mechanism".

> That theory might be expressed as a requirement on =

> standardization of new headers, or their registrations,
> that they specify how they should be downgraded.

Possible, but too late for already existing header fields,
or for the two "ready for IRI" candidates mentioned above.

Maybe we could mix it:  For some well-known header fields
offer a "smart" downgrade mechanism, like 3987-IRI-to-URI
in the case of Archived-At (only an example, of course
it's not important enough to get a non-default handling).

And for most header fields a "B64-everything" mechanism.

> there should at least be a placeholder noting the issue.

Yes.  We could start with "B64-everything" and then add
the most important exceptions when they are identified.

Frank



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From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>, ima@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
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--On Thursday, 12 April, 2007 15:09 +0200 Frank Ellermann
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> John C Klensin wrote:
>=20
>> The good news is that we've made other requirements that
>> anything that would need to be downgraded must be Unicode
>> encoded in UTF-8.   So, if it is absolutely clear in the
>> text of the I-D how a "Downgraded" header is structured,
>> you could use one of the techniques discussed in
>> draft-klensin-unicode-escapes without much (or any) risk.
>=20
> I'm not sure, it could run into similar problems like 2047-
> encoding something that already is (in parts) 2047-encoded.
>=20
> One of the techniques discussed in your I-D is to use NCRs.
> I know that you don't like them, but they're handy for a
> quick example (using Latin-1 instead of UTF-8 here):
>=20
> | Subject: &#160; ist f=C3=BCr bl=C3=B6de Brwser besser als =
&#xA0;
>=20
> Downgrading the UTF-8 version of this subject with NCRs
> would result in an ASCII string like this:
>=20
> | &#160; ist f&#xFC;r bl&#xF6;de Browser besser als &#xA0;
>=20
> When that's "upgraded" later the literal &#xA0; would be
> replaced by UTF-8 for u+00A0, while the &#160; survives
> as is, the "upgraded" subject would be displayed as:
>=20
> | Subject: &#160; ist f=C3=BCr bl=C3=B6de Browser besser als =
=C2=A0
>=20
> IMO we need a new technique that can completely ignore the
> structure or not of the header field, and the existence of
> anything within the header field using a similar technique.

I agree.  Unfortunately, we have so many different ways of
encoding things floating around that there is a great deal of
reluctance (at least by me) for creating a new one.  Worse, we
have to optimize for two different types of MUA endpoints.  One
is a legacy MUA that has no knowledge at all of this stuff.  It
is going to have to display the escaped form and hope that users
can make sense of it.  It was concern for those sorts of MUAs
that brought us Quoted-Printable which many of us consider to
have been largely a failure.   The other is an MUA that knows
all about the internationalized forms but that is on the far
side of something that had to downgrade.  It probably will want
to decode (or "upgrade") later.

My comment about knowing things are in UTF-8 was addressed
largely toward the latter, but it suggests that probably a
downgrade procedure that encounters a coded-word that was coded
in terms of ISO 8859-1 should convert it to a coded-word (or
some other encoding) based on Unicode.  But, in the general
case, that is impossible because it means that the downgrading
MTA has to have conversion tables from Just About Everything to
Unicode.=20

I think that means that the downgrading procedure needs a way to
clearly distinguish between things that were already encoded but
that it does not know how to encode/recode and things that it
encodes.  There are lots of ways to do that, but they tend to
require some knowledge of what is/was going on and to be ugly
enough, or clearly encodings enough, to be very hard on those
legacy systems and their users.  For example, if our main
interest was in upgradability and we didn't care about much of
anything else, the value of a Downgraded header field would be a
Base64 string that contains, in encoded form, _exactly_ what
appeared in the original header.  That would permit unambiguous
restoration, but would turn the original header information to
trash for anyone who didn't have an upgraded receiving MUA.
=20
> Or we say (for the same hex. NCR example) that any original
> "&" has to be encoded as &#x26;   This would result in:
>=20
> | &#x26;#160; ist f&#xFC;r bl&#xF6;de Browser besser als
> &#x26;#xA0;

You are moving closer to the above, i.e., making the string
completely unintelligible in the interests of accurate coding
and decoding.=20

> As you said we'd be in a hopeless situation if there are
> any non-ASCII octets not belonging to a valid UTF-8.  For
> that case we'd need a technique encoding "raw" octets, or
> in other words B64-encode the complete header field body,
> no matter if it's proper UTF-8 or not, structured or not,
> or folded or not.  We'd have to introduce our own folding
> of course, 1000 B64-characters per folded line or similar.

Right.
=20
>> Almost true.  The only MIME headers that can have non-ASCII
>> strings in them are those that can contain non-ASCII text
>> if our "utf8-headers" document says so.
>=20
> IMO it can't.  What about a multipart Content-Type with a
> weird UTF-8 comment, would that result in the following raw
> example ?
>=20
> -- good boundary
> Downgraded: Content-Type: Base-64(UTF-8 header field body)
>=20
> -- lost boundary
> ...
> -- lost boundary --
> -- good boundary --
>=20
> The "lost boundary" would be hidden within whatever the
> Downgrade mechanism did.  The former multipart would be
> a single part without MIME header fields.  Maybe a smart
> Downgrade mechanism could fix that somehow, preserving a
> copy of the old Content-Type without its UTF-8 comment.

Right. Very good example.

>> For example, consider local system pathnames on a
>> Unicode-based file system, specified in a
>> "name=3D" parameter, which might well be in UTF-8.
>=20
> Yes, I know why Charles wants it.  IMO adding "MIME 2.0"
> (explicitly or implicitly) to the EAI experiment is too
> much, email addresses (as the name EAI says) are already
> complex enough for the moment.

I agree, fwiw.   But that leaves me without knowing quite what
to do with those file names other than drop them.  I would
happily do that since I've believe the parameter was a bad idea
from the beginning, but I know I'm in a tiny minority about
that.

> If some folks really "must" have UTF-8 in filenames and
> comments of Content-* they can manage this with RFC 2231,
> at least until we know how the EAI core works without
> this additional feature.

Makes sense to me, but see above.

> This MIME 2.0 idea scares me.  It's about as attractive
> as integrating 4408 into 2821bis, or Bruce's great plan
> to integrate MIME into 2822bis.

When I suggested it, I intended it as a discussion-stopper.
Most of the people who understand its implications got that, in
one form or another.   For those who are surprised by my saying
that (a list that almost certainly does not include you, Frank),
the problem is that the "MIME-version" header has become noise
because we had no theory about how versioning mechanism would
work going forward.  So we have systems that don't check for its
presence at all, systems that check for its presence and then
ignore it, and systems that might actually notice if the version
number had changed.  Of the latter, some would assume that 2.0
was at least upward compatible with 1.0 and others would assume
that it meant the message was completely incompatible, i.e.,
that they couldn't even interpret Content-type headers unless
they had 2.0 support.

FWIW, that experience, and a few similar ones, are the reason I
get so resistant when people propose parameters to support
future extensions that they don't understand and can't predict
and specify.

>> My personal ruthless instinct is that it is better to
>> drop these things than to encode them and risk fouling
>> them up, but there is as good a case for a Downgraded
>> header for them as for just about anything else.
>=20
> My instinct is to leave MIME 1.0 Content-* alone.  All
> these "look into the body and parse its MIME structure"
> concepts make me nervous.  I'd prefer to ignore all 7BIT
> routes as irrelevant for the purposes of EAI.  We should
> just assume that 8BITMIME is the norm, and where reality
> disagrees it's an 8BITMIME problem, not a job for EAI.

And that takes you down the slippery slope toward "if the
address is not deliverable, or relay-able, exactly as written,
the message should be rejected" with no more "downgrade" or
"alternate address" plan than we have for non-deliverable mail
with all-ASCII address and headers.   While I will continue to
try to figure out how to make downgrading work, you might find
me waiting for you at the bottom of that slope.

>>>> Disposition-Notification-To:
>>> Can somebody _please_ start the next "decruft experiment" ?
>=20
>> Please raise this in the context of RFC2822bis
>=20
> Diposition-Notification-To would be 3798bis, also used in
> 4356.  The new Jabber-ID header field is also interesting,
> it's in essence an IRI in URI format, like Archived-At.
> Jabber-ID is also no RFC yet, but it might be ready soon.

Ack.
=20
>>>>         Received:
>>> Received-SPF, DKIM-Signature.
>=20
>> Apologies for being rigid about this, but I'm unaware of
>> any published RFCs that specify non-ASCII header material
>> for either of these.
>=20
> Charles wants UTF-8 comments everywhere.  For Received-SPF
> there will be an update to allow a new UTF8SMTP MAIL FROM
> address, and in theory also a message/utf-8 PRA if somebody
> cares to update 4405 and 4406.

Well, first, I don't see how we can write specifications against
an update that hasn't been written yet (or at least hasn't been
reviewed by the wider community yet).   Let me address the rest
of this in a separate note.

=20
>...

    john


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Charles Lindsey wrote:

> But my interpretation of the outcome was that the consensus was to allow
>       To: non-ASCII@non-ASCII
> Only yourself (and possibly Soobok) appeared to be against.

 <http://article.gmane.org/gmane.ietf.ima/1330>
| (a) Any Mailbox or uMailbox (in the strict definitions
| of 2821 and eai-smtpext, respectively) that contains
| any non-ASCII character(s) MUST appear in brackets.

Trying to reconstruct this I think Soobok said that it's
not good enough, and I said that it's better than nothing.

Frank



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Date: Thu, 12 Apr 2007 22:57:02 +0200
From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>,
	Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>, ima@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
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--On 12. april 2007 10:00 -0400 John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:

>> IMO we need a new technique that can completely ignore the
>> structure or not of the header field, and the existence of
>> anything within the header field using a similar technique.
>
> I agree.  Unfortunately, we have so many different ways of
> encoding things floating around that there is a great deal of
> reluctance (at least by me) for creating a new one.  Worse, we
> have to optimize for two different types of MUA endpoints.  One
> is a legacy MUA that has no knowledge at all of this stuff.  It
> is going to have to display the escaped form and hope that users
> can make sense of it.  It was concern for those sorts of MUAs
> that brought us Quoted-Printable which many of us consider to
> have been largely a failure.   The other is an MUA that knows
> all about the internationalized forms but that is on the far
> side of something that had to downgrade.  It probably will want
> to decode (or "upgrade") later.

The work in "scenarios" has singularly failed to establish convincing 
more-than-transient scenarios where this functionality is needed. So (my 
personal technical opinion) we have very strong reasons to optimize for the 
first case.

That means that the *result* of the transformation needs to either be 
ignorable or decodable by MUAs that don't support UTF8SMTP.

In practice, I think that leaves us with "remove or encoded-word".

                         Harald





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--On Thursday, 12 April, 2007 22:57 +0200 Harald Tveit
Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> 
> 
> --On 12. april 2007 10:00 -0400 John C Klensin
> <klensin@jck.com> wrote:
> 
>>> IMO we need a new technique that can completely ignore the
>>> structure or not of the header field, and the existence of
>>> anything within the header field using a similar technique.
>> 
>> I agree.  Unfortunately, we have so many different ways of
>> encoding things floating around that there is a great deal of
>> reluctance (at least by me) for creating a new one.  Worse, we
>> have to optimize for two different types of MUA endpoints.
>> One is a legacy MUA that has no knowledge at all of this
>> stuff.  It is going to have to display the escaped form and
>> hope that users can make sense of it.  It was concern for
>> those sorts of MUAs that brought us Quoted-Printable which
>> many of us consider to have been largely a failure.   The
>> other is an MUA that knows all about the internationalized
>> forms but that is on the far side of something that had to
>> downgrade.  It probably will want to decode (or "upgrade")
>> later.
> 
> The work in "scenarios" has singularly failed to establish
> convincing more-than-transient scenarios where this
> functionality is needed. So (my personal technical opinion) we
> have very strong reasons to optimize for the first case.
> 
> That means that the *result* of the transformation needs to
> either be ignorable or decodable by MUAs that don't support
> UTF8SMTP.
> 
> In practice, I think that leaves us with "remove or
> encoded-word".

Sadly, I agree.   "Sadly", because I think it really implies
that, if a downgrading system doesn't understand --explicitly
recognize-- a header that contains non-ASCII information-- it
probably needs to drop it.   Anything else gets us involved with
guessing what the information there is actually about and about
what the receiving MUA may or may not know. 

A different way to look at this is that, while losing
information is unattractive, it is better than risking changing
material in a way that appears to retain information but
actually alters it.  If we try to preserve every possible bit in
the expectation of later upgrading, we are likely to increase
the number of situations in which messages are rejected or
returned rather than downgraded.

   john


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--On Thursday, 12 April, 2007 22:57 +0200 Harald Tveit
Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> 
> 
> --On 12. april 2007 10:00 -0400 John C Klensin
> <klensin@jck.com> wrote:
> 
>>> IMO we need a new technique that can completely ignore the
>>> structure or not of the header field, and the existence of
>>> anything within the header field using a similar technique.
>> 
>> I agree.  Unfortunately, we have so many different ways of
>> encoding things floating around that there is a great deal of
>> reluctance (at least by me) for creating a new one.  Worse, we
>> have to optimize for two different types of MUA endpoints.
>> One is a legacy MUA that has no knowledge at all of this
>> stuff.  It is going to have to display the escaped form and
>> hope that users can make sense of it.  It was concern for
>> those sorts of MUAs that brought us Quoted-Printable which
>> many of us consider to have been largely a failure.   The
>> other is an MUA that knows all about the internationalized
>> forms but that is on the far side of something that had to
>> downgrade.  It probably will want to decode (or "upgrade")
>> later.
> 
> The work in "scenarios" has singularly failed to establish
> convincing more-than-transient scenarios where this
> functionality is needed. So (my personal technical opinion) we
> have very strong reasons to optimize for the first case.
> 
> That means that the *result* of the transformation needs to
> either be ignorable or decodable by MUAs that don't support
> UTF8SMTP.
> 
> In practice, I think that leaves us with "remove or
> encoded-word".

Sadly, I agree.   "Sadly", because I think it really implies
that, if a downgrading system doesn't understand --explicitly
recognize-- a header that contains non-ASCII information-- it
probably needs to drop it.   Anything else gets us involved with
guessing what the information there is actually about and about
what the receiving MUA may or may not know. 

A different way to look at this is that, while losing
information is unattractive, it is better than risking changing
material in a way that appears to retain information but
actually alters it.  If we try to preserve every possible bit in
the expectation of later upgrading, we are likely to increase
the number of situations in which messages are rejected or
returned rather than downgraded.

   john


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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
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On Thu, 12 Apr 2007 14:09:33 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> I'm not sure, it could run into similar problems like 2047-
> encoding something that already is (in parts) 2047-encoded.
>

The proper thing to do in that case is for the downgrader to leave the  
already-encoded bits alone and to encode any UTF-8 bits in between them.  
You have to be careful with SPs where they occur, and we recemntly  
discussed some examples and it seems they could be managed by inserting  
"_"s at suitable places within the new encoded-words.

But the downgrade document should probably include warnings about this. If  
you read RFC 2047 carefully, you should always be able to discover at  
least one valid way of doing it.

> One of the techniques discussed in your I-D is to use NCRs.
> I know that you don't like them, but they're handy for a
> quick example (using Latin-1 instead of UTF-8 here):

What is an NCR? If they are anything like the examples you give, then we  
are better off without them :-( .


> IMO we need a new technique that can completely ignore the
> structure or not of the header field, and the existence of
> anything within the header field using a similar technique.

That is what the Downgraded header is supposed to do.

> As you said we'd be in a hopeless situation if there are
> any non-ASCII octets not belonging to a valid UTF-8.

Not supposed to happen, so Garbage-in Garbage-out. Actually, most systems  
will probably not notice them, and will simply encode the octets as if  
they were UTF-8, leaving the man at the other end to sort out the mess (as  
he would have had to do anyway even if it had not been downgraded).


>> Almost true.  The only MIME headers that can have non-ASCII
>> strings in them are those that can contain non-ASCII text
>> if our "utf8-headers" document says so.
>
> IMO it can't.  What about a multipart Content-Type with a
> weird UTF-8 comment, would that result in the following raw
> example ?
>
> -- good boundary
> Downgraded: Content-Type: Base-64(UTF-8 header field body)
>
> -- lost boundary
> ...
> -- lost boundary --
> -- good boundary --

If you want to give examples, then please give examples that are valid  
MIME, otherwise it is impossible to see what you are getting at. There is  
no such Content-Type as "Base-64".

The only things that need to be considered with a Content-Type that occurs  
in front of some part of a Multipart are the following:

    -- good boundary
    Content-Type: text/plain; name="mañana" (mañana is Spanish)

{Note, I am writing in Latin-1 here, but assume that UTF-8 was intended}

That will downgrade to

    Content-Type: text/plain; name*=utf-8''ma%C3%B1ana
        (=?utf-8?Q?ma=C3=B1ana?= is Spanish)

The <parameter> was encoded according to RFC 2231, and the <comment> was  
encoded accoerding to RFC 2047. There was NO need to a Downgraded header.  
There is no possibility of any  "--lost boundary". All existing agents  
should handle that header correctly, and existing MUAs should be able to  
display it in upgraded form if they implement 2231 and 2047 correctly and  
have the capability to display utf-8 (not that they are usually called  
upon to display body mime part headers).

So it you think there is some other problem with Content-* headers, then  
please produce a valid example.



>> That theory might be expressed as a requirement on
>> standardization of new headers, or their registrations,
>> that they specify how they should be downgraded.

If anybody standardizes a new header, they are welcome to define a special  
downgrade mechanism for it (which may or may not include creating a  
Downgraded header as well). However, already written UTF8SMTP-capable  
agents will not instantly be able to use that downgrade mechanism, and  
will just replace it by a Downgraded header, so people had better not  
invent new headers where such existing agents would cause problems.

-- 
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Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote:

> In practice, I think that leaves us with "remove or encoded-word".

The point of my articles was that "2047 encoded word" is impossible.

Frank



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On Thu, 12 Apr 2007 15:00:30 +0100, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:
>
> My comment about knowing things are in UTF-8 was addressed
> largely toward the latter, but it suggests that probably a
> downgrade procedure that encounters a coded-word that was coded
> in terms of ISO 8859-1 should convert it to a coded-word (or
> some other encoding) based on Unicode.  But, in the general
> case, that is impossible because it means that the downgrading
> MTA has to have conversion tables from Just About Everything to
> Unicode.

If an UTF8SMTP-comploiant MUA generates some headers with RFC 2047
encoding in is0-8859-* and some headers in raw UTF-8 (or even both in the
same header), then that is rather stupid even if it is legitimate.
However, I think it safest for a subsequent downgrading agent to leave it
that way and just encode the raw utf-8 bits (see my reply to Frank). Not
that re-encoding everything in UTF-8 would not necessarily be wrong, but
it would probably lead to even more complications.
>
> I think that means that the downgrading procedure needs a way to
> clearly distinguish between things that were already encoded but
> that it does not know how to encode/recode and things that it
> encodes.  There are lots of ways to do that, but they tend to
> require some knowledge of what is/was going on and to be ugly
> enough, or clearly encodings enough, to be very hard on those
> legacy systems and their users.  For example, if our main
> interest was in upgradability and we didn't care about much of
> anything else, the value of a Downgraded header field would be a
> Base64 string that contains, in encoded form, _exactly_ what
> appeared in the original header.  That would permit unambiguous
> restoration, but would turn the original header information to
> trash for anyone who didn't have an upgraded receiving MUA.

I think we have to accept that it will not be possible for an upgrader to
distinguish between stuff that was encoded by the originating MUA and
stuff that was encoded by an intermediate downgrader. I am not sure that
this matters, except possibly when some DKIM-like signatures were involved
(and even those are probably solvable by some special canonicalization
mechanism, but not until this WG has completed its primary tasks).

And making the Downgraded header encode _exactly_ what was in the original
header will lead to double encodings, which can be hideously difficult to
disentangle, and so are better avoided.

>> IMO it can't.  What about a multipart Content-Type with a
>> weird UTF-8 comment, would that result in the following raw
>> example ?
>>
>> -- good boundary
>> Downgraded: Content-Type: Base-64(UTF-8 header field body)
>>
>> -- lost boundary
>> ...
>> -- lost boundary --
>> -- good boundary --
>>
>> The "lost boundary" would be hidden within whatever the
>> Downgrade mechanism did.  The former multipart would be
>> a single part without MIME header fields.  Maybe a smart
>> Downgrade mechanism could fix that somehow, preserving a
>> copy of the old Content-Type without its UTF-8 comment.
>
> Right. Very good example.

Actually no. A very bad example. See my reply to Frank.
>
>>> For example, consider local system pathnames on a
>>> Unicode-based file system, specified in a
>>> "name=" parameter, which might well be in UTF-8.
>>
>> Yes, I know why Charles wants it.  IMO adding "MIME 2.0"
>> (explicitly or implicitly) to the EAI experiment is too
>> much, email addresses (as the name EAI says) are already
>> complex enough for the moment.
>
> I agree, fwiw.   But that leaves me without knowing quite what
> to do with those file names other than drop them.  I would
> happily do that since I've believe the parameter was a bad idea
> from the beginning, but I know I'm in a tiny minority about
> that.

You are seeing problems where none exist. RFC 2231 (assuming it is
implemented at the receving end - and if it isn't it will have problems
even without UTF8SMTP) is a complete solution, and is still valid within
MIME 1.0.

>> This MIME 2.0 idea scares me.  It's about as attractive
>> as integrating 4408 into 2821bis, or Bruce's great plan
>> to integrate MIME into 2822bis.
>
> When I suggested it, I intended it as a discussion-stopper.
> Most of the people who understand its implications got that, in
> one form or another.   For those who are surprised by my saying
> that (a list that almost certainly does not include you, Frank),
> the problem is that the "MIME-version" header has become noise
> because we had no theory about how versioning mechanism would
> work going forward.  So we have systems that don't check for its
> presence at all, systems that check for its presence and then
> ignore it, and systems that might actually notice if the version
> number had changed.  Of the latter, some would assume that 2.0
> was at least upward compatible with 1.0 and others would assume
> that it meant the message was completely incompatible, i.e.,
> that they couldn't even interpret Content-type headers unless
> they had 2.0 support.

Yes, that is why I don't want to invent MIME 2.0, and just to allow
extensions to MIME 1.0 that are only allowed to be seen within the
UTF8SMTP universe, and can be downgraded to things that are then
strict-current-MIME-1.0.



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Charles Lindsey wrote:

> If you read RFC 2047 carefully, you should always be
> able to discover at least one valid way of doing it.

NAK, only if you know the structure.  Modifying one of
my torture examples (read raw Latin-1 as raw UTF-8):

| xxx: (=3D?utf-8*nds?q?=E4?=3D =F6 =3D?utf-8*de?q?=3DFC?=3D)

In an unstructured field that's no comment, and there
are no encoded words.  In a structured field it might
be a comment (not necessarily, it could be a part of a
quoted string, or a field not allowing comments, etc.)

Let's assume that it's a structured comment, then it
contains one encoded word =3D?utf-8*de?q?=3DFC?=3D

A 2047-downgrade mechanism would have to pick either
=3D?utf-8?q?=3DF6_?=3D or =3D?utf-8?q?=3DF6?=3D to preserve the
space to its right.  (Or equivalent 'B' encodings)

It must not start with _=3DF6, as that would insert a
space to its left (in addition to the one SP that's
already there).

Last but not least I don't trust that any downgrade
mechanism based on 2047 gets the non-encoded "word"
(=3D?utf-8*nds?q?=E4?=3D right.

It's just too tricky, even if we'd decree "treat all
UTF-8 header fields as unstructured for the purpose
of 2047-downgrading" it's still too tricky.

And hopeless for raw non-UTF-8 octets.  Downgrade
needs its own mechanism, hex. NCRs after protecting
all input "&" is an idea.  Or the perl mechanism
mentioned in John's "escape" I-D, but in that case
I don't know the proper way to protect input using
this style.

> What is an NCR?

A numerical character refeence like &#xA0; for u+00A0.

NCRs are quite popular because they're supported in XML
(and FWIW in HTML) and almost all browsers.  The last
browser insisting on decimal instead of hexadecimal
NCRs is under my firm control.

NCRs (or the perl-style) won't help us with non-UTF-8
octets, but we could use a mixed downgrade strategy:

If possible (valid UTF-8) use hex. NCRs, otherwise
use "B64 everything".

 [non-UTF-8]
> simply encode the octets as if they were UTF-8

You're kidding.  You'd have to use UNKNOWN-8BIT.

> please produce a valid example.

It was an example showing why a "B64 everything"
strategy won't fly for MIME part headers (Content-*).

Anything Downgraded: Content-[...] is impossible in
a MIME part header.  The real error is the attempt
to touch any bit in the body.  8-to-7 bits magic is
no job for EAI.  Good 8-to-7 bits magic should be on
standards track, or deserves its own experiment.

Frank



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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
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From: "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
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On Thu, 12 Apr 2007 21:57:02 +0100, Harald Tveit Alvestrand  
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:
>
> That means that the *result* of the transformation needs to either be  
> ignorable or decodable by MUAs that don't support UTF8SMTP.

However, using downgrades via 2231 or 2047 should be acceptqable to  
existing MUAs. Moreover, most existing MUAs, when faced with a header they  
do not recognize but observing apparent <encoded-word>s within them will  
try to decode them before display, so hopefully even a Downgraded header  
will be displayed in a readable form.
>
> In practice, I think that leaves us with "remove or encoded-word".

I disagree. Encoded-words in places where they are expected will surely  
work. In places where they might not be expected (as in the Downgraded  
header) they will probably work. Stuff encoded via 2231 should be handled  
correctly (if the MUA has bothered to implement it). So I see no situation  
where "remove" would be needed.

In the worst case, the reader will see the encoded-form and will have to  
decide whether the header in question is important enough for him to  
bother trying to disentangle it (to which the usual answer will be "no, it  
isn't").

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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--On Friday, 13 April, 2007 14:10 +0100 Charles Lindsey
<chl@clerew.man.ac.uk> wrote:

>... 
> Yes, that is why I don't want to invent MIME 2.0, and just to
> allow
> extensions to MIME 1.0 that are only allowed to be seen within
> the
> UTF8SMTP universe, and can be downgraded to things that are
> then
> strict-current-MIME-1.0.

But, if they are used and appear --even in encoded form-- on the
other side of a downgrade process, they are no longer "in the
UTF8SMTP universe" but in a universe in which they may not have
a clear and unambiguous interpretation.  Please see Harald's
recent note.

And, FWIW, I don't share your optimism about putting things that
look like encoded words into fields that the receiving system
may not understand and assuming that the right things will
happen.

    john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Fri Apr 13 10:17:35 2007
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John C Klensin wrote:
>> In practice, I think that leaves us with "remove or
>> encoded-word".
>>     
>
> Sadly, I agree.   "Sadly", because I think it really implies
> that, if a downgrading system doesn't understand --explicitly
> recognize-- a header that contains non-ASCII information-- it
> probably needs to drop it.   Anything else gets us involved with
> guessing what the information there is actually about and about
> what the receiving MUA may or may not know. 
>
> A different way to look at this is that, while losing
> information is unattractive, it is better than risking changing
> material in a way that appears to retain information but
> actually alters it.  If we try to preserve every possible bit in
> the expectation of later upgrading, we are likely to increase
> the number of situations in which messages are rejected or
> returned rather than downgraded.
>   
Another theory, which may be suitable for an experiment, even though we 
would be hesitant to deploy such a thing in the running Internet:

Assume that any legal UTF-8 character in an unknown header is placed 
there in accordance to this specification.

Assume further that this specification says that you can ONLY place 
UTF-8 characters in places where either encoded-words or RFC 2231 
encoded quoted-strings are allowed. (Question: Can we manage to say that?)

If those two things are both true, we can safely use the encoded-word 
and RFC 2231 technique on strings containing such characters - on the 
naivistic theory that anything else is a protocol error, so they deserve 
what they get.

Then we run the experiment, and observe one of three outcomes:

- Our assumptions are true all the time (not likely)
- Our assumptions are false, and false so often that we need to reconsider
- Our assumptions are occasionally false, but the pain this causes is 
tolerable

We MIGHT get lucky....


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--On Friday, 13 April, 2007 16:17 +0200 Harald Alvestrand
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

>...
> Another theory, which may be suitable for an experiment, even
> though we would be hesitant to deploy such a thing in the
> running Internet:

I'd rather keep our "experiment" plausible, i.e., confine
ourselves to things we think we would be willing to deploy
barring surprises or other empirical corrections.   For your
suggestion, I fear that, even if we "get lucky", actually
incorporating the idea into a real  specification and deploying
it widely would, modulo one observation below, require proving a
universal negative.   My reason for that belief is that, just as
we had to deploy the SMTP extension model and MIME against a
backdrop of "just send 8" implementations, I think there is
every reason to believe that there are implementations out there
that use non-ASCII characters in locally-defined header fields
and, worse, that those non-ASCII characters are (as Soobok and
others have suggested in a different context), going to be coded
in local/national character sets rather than Unicode/UTF-8 in
many cases.

> Assume that any legal UTF-8 character in an unknown header is
> placed there in accordance to this specification.
> 
> Assume further that this specification says that you can ONLY
> place UTF-8 characters in places where either encoded-words or
> RFC 2231 encoded quoted-strings are allowed. (Question: Can we
> manage to say that?)
> 
> If those two things are both true, we can safely use the
> encoded-word and RFC 2231 technique on strings containing such
> characters - on the naivistic theory that anything else is a
> protocol error, so they deserve what they get.

Let me suggest a different model that we could use if you wanted
to go down this path.   Today (i.e., under 2821/2822), the
appearance of any non-ASCII character -- anything else with the
high bit turned on or any seven-bit (leading zero bit) object
intended to be interpreted as other than ASCII-- in a header is
a protocol violation.  If we take the position that anyone who
violates those base protocols deserves whatever bad things
happen to them and so do any senders or receivers who are
victims of their software, then we might be able to make a clean
downgrading model by specifying, in the UTF8Headers document,
_exactly_ what headers can contain such characters and where.
That description would need to either forbid UTF8 information in
any header not listed or would need to describe very precise
rules for unknown headers (where "unknown" == "not listed").  

If we were going to do that, the distinction between
"structured" and "unstructured" headers probably isn't good
enough.  We would either need to confine ourselves --and
permission to include 8bit information in headers-- to things
that we could enumerate or we would need to get very clever.
And hand waving, such as assuming that things in parentheses in
unknown headers were comments, would not be nearly good enough.

Whether it is worth the effort or not is an open question, but
it would at least constitute the basis for a clean experiment
that we could use.   And part of the experimental question would
be "which header fields did we not list that really need UTF8
data"?


> Then we run the experiment, and observe one of three outcomes:
> 
> - Our assumptions are true all the time (not likely)
> - Our assumptions are false, and false so often that we need
> to reconsider
> - Our assumptions are occasionally false, but the pain this
> causes is tolerable

You will almost certainly not be able to competently evaluate
the last case without an _exhaustive_ test.  And exhaustive
tests are essentially impossible.

> We MIGHT get lucky....

We are more likely to delude ourselves into believing that we
have gotten lucky in the absence of sufficient counterexamples,
which would be very dangerous indeed.

     john


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At 3:26 PM -0400 4/4/07, John C Klensin wrote:

>  While I think that, given time and energy, we could answer those
>  questions, produce firm specifications, and expect that most
>  (but not all) implementations would understand and follow the
>  instructions well enough to get things right, it seems to me to
>  be a high cost and high risk for something that is not
>  absolutely necessary.    And...

Yes, I agree.

>
>  (iii) If our target and expectation are a long-term mail
>  environment in which substantially everyone supports UTF8SMTP
>  and those who do not understand that they are running crippled
>  and obsolete systems, then this parameter becomes long-term
>  clutter with no value.  The same could be said about 8BITMIME
>  today and perhaps, long-term, about ALT-ADDR itself.  But the
>  existence of two of them is, IMO, a strong reason to not add a
>  third, not a justification for it.

In an environment in which most systems have upgraded to support 
UTF8SMTP, then ALT-ADDRESS nicely goes away.  The same can't be said 
for HDR=UTF8 (although, in fairness, if you said that the server 
advertising UTF8SMTP means that all messages are assumed to require 
such support unless either the recipient server has scanned it and 
determined it is all ascii, or the sender specifies something like 
MSG=ALL-ASCII, and there is no other MSG= value, especially, there is 
no value which means UTF8 (just the absence of the parameter) then 
this parameter could also go away).



-- 
Randall Gellens
Opinions are personal;    facts are suspect;    I speak for myself only
-------------- Randomly-selected tag: ---------------
I was gratified to be able to answer promptly, and I did.  I said
I didn't know."                                      --Mark Twain

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Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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On Fri, Apr 13, 2007 at 05:39:53PM -0700, Randall Gellens wrote:
> 
> In an environment in which most systems have upgraded to support 
> UTF8SMTP, then ALT-ADDRESS nicely goes away.  The same can't be said 
> for HDR=UTF8 

I agree on this last sentence from different viewpoint.  See this.

<utf8smtp submission session  from=the sender's MUA >
MAIL FROM: ascii1@ascii.com HDR=UTF8
RCPT TO:   ascii2@world.com
RCPT TO:   utf8-1@asia.com

DATA
From:   "display_name" <ascii1@ascii.com>
TO:     ascii2@world.com, utf8-1@asia.com
Subject:  utf8-subject

bodytext goes here
.

</utf8smtp submission session>

The utf8smtp server tries to fork another
outgoing smtp session in order to relay to ascii2@world.com
as follows.

<utf8smtp relaying session>
MAIL FROM: ascii1@ascii.com HDR=UTF8
RCPT TO:   ascii2@world.com

DATA
From:   "display_name" <ascii1@ascii.com>
TO:     ascii2@world.com, utf8-1@asia.com
Subject:  utf8-subject

bodytext goes here
.

</utf8smtp relaying session>


If @world.com has UTF8SMTP EHLO option (no downgrade attempted), 
and the envelope addresses are all in 7BIT ASCII,  the only
sign of UTF8SMTP header presence in this SMTP session
is "HDR=UTF8" . Without this parameter, the server
should parse  message headers to determine that.

Soobok

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Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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On Fri, Apr 13, 2007 at 05:39:53PM -0700, Randall Gellens wrote:
> 
> In an environment in which most systems have upgraded to support 
> UTF8SMTP, then ALT-ADDRESS nicely goes away.  The same can't be said 
> for HDR=UTF8 

I agree on this last sentence from different viewpoint.  See this.

<utf8smtp submission session  from=the sender's MUA >
MAIL FROM: ascii1@ascii.com HDR=UTF8
RCPT TO:   ascii2@world.com
RCPT TO:   utf8-1@asia.com

DATA
From:   "display_name" <ascii1@ascii.com>
TO:     ascii2@world.com, utf8-1@asia.com
Subject:  utf8-subject

bodytext goes here
.

</utf8smtp submission session>

The utf8smtp server tries to fork another
outgoing smtp session in order to relay to ascii2@world.com
as follows.

<utf8smtp relaying session>
MAIL FROM: ascii1@ascii.com HDR=UTF8
RCPT TO:   ascii2@world.com

DATA
From:   "display_name" <ascii1@ascii.com>
TO:     ascii2@world.com, utf8-1@asia.com
Subject:  utf8-subject

bodytext goes here
.

</utf8smtp relaying session>


If @world.com has UTF8SMTP EHLO option (no downgrade attempted), 
and the envelope addresses are all in 7BIT ASCII,  the only
sign of UTF8SMTP header presence in this SMTP session
is "HDR=UTF8" . Without this parameter, the server
should parse  message headers to determine that.

Soobok

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Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 07:19:59 -0400
From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Randall Gellens <randy@qualcomm.com>,
	Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>, EAI WG <ima@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
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--On Friday, 13 April, 2007 17:39 -0700 Randall Gellens
<randy@qualcomm.com> wrote:

> 
> At 3:26 PM -0400 4/4/07, John C Klensin wrote:
> 
>>  While I think that, given time and energy, we could answer
>>  those questions, produce firm specifications, and expect
>>  that most (but not all) implementations would understand and
>>  follow the instructions well enough to get things right, it
>>  seems to me to be a high cost and high risk for something
>>  that is not absolutely necessary.    And...
> 
> Yes, I agree.
> 
>> 
>>  (iii) If our target and expectation are a long-term mail
>>  environment in which substantially everyone supports UTF8SMTP
>>  and those who do not understand that they are running
>>  crippled and obsolete systems, then this parameter becomes
>>  long-term clutter with no value.  The same could be said
>>  about 8BITMIME today and perhaps, long-term, about ALT-ADDR
>>  itself.  But the existence of two of them is, IMO, a strong
>>  reason to not add a third, not a justification for it.
> 
> In an environment in which most systems have upgraded to
> support UTF8SMTP, then ALT-ADDRESS nicely goes away.  The same
> can't be said for HDR=UTF8 (although, in fairness, if you said
> that the server advertising UTF8SMTP means that all messages
> are assumed to require such support unless either the
> recipient server has scanned it and determined it is all
> ascii, or the sender specifies something like MSG=ALL-ASCII,
> and there is no other MSG= value, especially, there is no
> value which means UTF8 (just the absence of the parameter)
> then this parameter could also go away).

Yes, if one were to do this at all, an assertion of "all-ASCII"
would be better than one of "utf8", as you suggest.  One would
probably have to be prepared to have that assertion violated --
just as one has to have some way to deal with "high bit on"
situations in the legacy environment -- so I am still not
convinced it is worth the extra effort.

    john






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Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 15:23:17 +0200
From: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>,
	Randall Gellens <randy@qualcomm.com>, EAI WG <ima@ietf.org>
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--On 14. april 2007 07:19 -0400 John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:

>> In an environment in which most systems have upgraded to
>> support UTF8SMTP, then ALT-ADDRESS nicely goes away.  The same
>> can't be said for HDR=UTF8 (although, in fairness, if you said
>> that the server advertising UTF8SMTP means that all messages
>> are assumed to require such support unless either the
>> recipient server has scanned it and determined it is all
>> ascii, or the sender specifies something like MSG=ALL-ASCII,
>> and there is no other MSG= value, especially, there is no
>> value which means UTF8 (just the absence of the parameter)
>> then this parameter could also go away).
>
> Yes, if one were to do this at all, an assertion of "all-ASCII"
> would be better than one of "utf8", as you suggest.  One would
> probably have to be prepared to have that assertion violated --
> just as one has to have some way to deal with "high bit on"
> situations in the legacy environment -- so I am still not
> convinced it is worth the extra effort.

Note that changing the default doesn't lessen the complexity of 
implementing the parameter one iota; in both cases, there are 2 codepaths 
to maintain, forever. The only thing that is improved by changing the 
default is the optics of the final state.

                    Harald

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Date: Sat, 14 Apr 2007 14:44:35 -0400
From: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>
To: Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>,
	Randall Gellens <randy@qualcomm.com>, EAI WG <ima@ietf.org>
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--On Saturday, April 14, 2007 3:23 PM +0200 Harald Tveit 
Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

>
>
> --On 14. april 2007 07:19 -0400 John C Klensin
> <klensin@jck.com> wrote:
>
>>> In an environment in which most systems have upgraded to
>>> support UTF8SMTP, then ALT-ADDRESS nicely goes away.  The
>>> same can't be said for HDR=UTF8 (although, in fairness, if
>>> you said that the server advertising UTF8SMTP means that all
>>> messages are assumed to require such support unless either
>>> the recipient server has scanned it and determined it is all
>>> ascii, or the sender specifies something like MSG=ALL-ASCII,
>>> and there is no other MSG= value, especially, there is no
>>> value which means UTF8 (just the absence of the parameter)
>>> then this parameter could also go away).
>>
>> Yes, if one were to do this at all, an assertion of
>> "all-ASCII" would be better than one of "utf8", as you
>> suggest.  One would probably have to be prepared to have that
>> assertion violated -- just as one has to have some way to
>> deal with "high bit on" situations in the legacy environment
>> -- so I am still not convinced it is worth the extra effort.
>
> Note that changing the default doesn't lessen the complexity
> of implementing the parameter one iota; in both cases, there
> are 2 codepaths to maintain, forever. The only thing that is
> improved by changing the default is the optics of the final
> state.

Exactly.  And that is the reason I remain opposed to doing this 
at all.   If we decided to do it anyway, then the optics become 
relevant.

    john


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sat Apr 14 17:30:29 2007
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Date: Fri, 13 Apr 2007 20:09:26 -0700
From: Chris Newman <Chris.Newman@Sun.COM>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: UTF8SMTP mailbox on SMTP reply (Re: POLL: HDR= extension
	on MAIL FROM)
To: John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>, Tony Finch <dot@dotat.at>
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John C Klensin wrote on 4/10/07 9:40 -0400:
> I was not.  I was referring to the much older idea that we
> should establish single "line" format and forms and let systems
> at the end points convert to and from them rather than creating
> the N**2 problem of everyone being expected to understand
> everyone else's forms (or, in this case, languages and character
> sets).

Quality user interfaces are a non-deterministic problem because they raise all 
the issues about human communication and culture.  This makes engineers who 
want precise answers unhappy for obvious reasons.  Attempting standardize every 
possible error condition that might merit a slightly different user interface 
is a fool's errand and results in a cumbersome infrastructure that can't adapt 
easily.  The problem with enumerating conditions for localization is it 
requires full standards quality interoperability at both ends.  Adding a new 
diagnostic condition requires updates to software on both ends.  Furthermore, 
good user diagnostics generally include references to names, identifiers, who 
to contact for further help, etc.  Trying to create a machine readable syntax 
for a diagnostic code and useful ancillary arguments makes the problem 
sufficiently complex that I don't think it's worth solving.

At the other extreme, we've learned from POP that simple success/fail 
diagnostics are not adequate -- we need machine readable diagnostics for cases 
which merit different software behavior (RFC 3206).

The correct answer is a solid middle ground.  We enumerate diagnostic codes for 
common cases (indeed as many cases as the industry has energy to enumerate in 
standards and/or a registry), but we also transport human readable text to 
handle the less common cases, provide a simple way to embed 
OS/platform/software specific diagnostic codes and identifiers and provide a 
more agile and user friendly experience (because diagnostics can be improved by 
just a server update).  This requires language negotiation which is messy 
(particularly in the SMTP case), but has been implemented and used in deployed 
SMTP software at least for localization of the first part of a DSN/MDN.

> If you are correct, then enhanced status codes are a failure and
> should be pulled of the standards track and junked:  providing
> the adequate foundation to which you refer was a large part of
> the justification for doing those codes in the first place.

The problem we had with the base SMTP codes was that they were too aggressively 
overloaded and too much deployed software didn't treat them in an extensible 
fashion -- basically they fell on the base POP3 side of the necessary middle 
ground. When software has to start keying off the human readable content of the 
status code to determine what to do, then the protocol is broken and needs a 
patch. Enhanced status codes provided that patch and the fact new enhanced 
codes are being defined and deployed is a sign they are useful and successful.

While I've never seen an MUA with a catalog to convert SMTP status codes to 
localized human text, it would be a nice feature for an MUA to have.  But the 
fact that feature hasn't deployed doesn't make the mechanism a failure as the 
mechanism has other purposes (log categorization, automated DSN handling, etc).

> IMO, 2640 is badly broken for other reasons.  Trying to write
> that up and fix it generated a collection of prerequisite work.
> And I have almost the same objections to the POP and IMAP
> proposals that I do to the SMTP one.   However, SMTP is more
> difficult for the usual other reason: FTP, POP, and IMAP all
> require a direct client-server connection (in FTP's case, for
> the command channel) to operate.  Consequently, any negotiations
> about replies are between the client and the server that will
> produce them.  Because of the relay issues, an SMTP negotiation
> about the language and form of responses is much more tentative
> and tenuous.  Certainly it will work sometimes, but the other
> cases a problematic.

Yes, SMTP LANG is a much trickier case than simple client-server protocols.

                - Chris


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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 16 02:07:03 2007
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Date: Mon, 16 Apr 2007 15:06:44 +0900
From: Soobok Lee <lsb@lsb.org>
To: Randall Gellens <randy@qualcomm.com>
Subject: Re: [EAI] POLL: HDR= extension on MAIL FROM
Message-ID: <20070416060644.GB8148@ns5.lsb.org>
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On Sat, Apr 14, 2007 at 11:10:54AM +0900, Soobok Lee wrote:
> The utf8smtp server tries to fork another
> outgoing smtp session in order to relay to ascii2@world.com
> as follows.
> 
> <utf8smtp relaying session>
> MAIL FROM: ascii1@ascii.com HDR=UTF8
> RCPT TO:   ascii2@world.com
> 
> DATA
> From:   "display_name" <ascii1@ascii.com>
> TO:     ascii2@world.com, utf8-1@asia.com
> Subject:  utf8-subject
> 
> bodytext goes here
> .
> 
> </utf8smtp relaying session>
> 
> 
> If @world.com has UTF8SMTP EHLO option (no downgrade attempted), 
> and the envelope addresses are all in 7BIT ASCII,  the only
> sign of UTF8SMTP header presence in this SMTP session
> is "HDR=UTF8" . Without this parameter, the server
> should parse  message headers to determine that.

$s/parse message headers/parse EVERY message header it receives/;

Moreover,as we havn't touched DKIM/SMIME related header definition
and header normalization requirement here, we can't exclude future "UTF8SMTPv2" 
which may introduce more headers or more restrictions or more normalization
requirement. In that case, even "HDR=UTF8" is not enough, rather,
as Kari suggested, "HDR=UTF8SMTP" and "HDR=UTFSMTPv2" may become
better and necessary. "UTF8SMTPv2" EHLO options  as well.

"HDR=UTF8SMTP" is so clear that it  not only specifies the headers 
are in UTF8 encoding,  but also specifies that the header section abides by 
the UTF8SMTPv1 restrictions and requirements. "HDR=UTF8SMTPv2" may indicate
that the headers keep the new rules imposed by UTF8SMTP version 2.

Soobok

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Date: Mon, 16 Apr 2007 21:35:29 +0100
To: IMA <ima@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
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	<20070410.191803.48510446.fujiwara@jprs.co.jp>
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On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 14:08:29 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>
>> If you read RFC 2047 carefully, you should always be
>> able to discover at least one valid way of doing it.
>
> NAK, only if you know the structure.  Modifying one of
> my torture examples (read raw Latin-1 as raw UTF-8):
>
> | xxx: (=?utf-8*nds?q?ä?= ö =?utf-8*de?q?=FC?=)
>
> In an unstructured field that's no comment, and there
> are no encoded words.

Yes, for two reasons:
   1. The '(' and ')' should have been inside the (alleged) encoded-words;
   2. One of the (alleged) encoded-words contains a non-ASCII character.

So a really Bloody-Minded downgrader, when it saw that in a Subject, would  
say to itself "there are no encoded-words there, so obviously the sender  
wanted his Subject to contain all those "=?" and "?=" and "utf-8"s to be  
rendered just as you see them above, so it would downgrade them to

{Note that, although I am nominally downgrading from utf-8, I am actually  
showing hex for the Latin-1 characters, just as you did, because it is too  
much hassle to look up the utf-8 encodings.}

    Subject: =?utf-8?q?(=3D=3Futf-8*nds=3Fq=3F=e4=3F=3D_=F6_?=
             =?utf-8?q?=3D=3Futf-8*de=3Fq=3F=3DFC=3F=3D)?=

However, it is more than likely that the sender (or rather his broken  
software) really did intend those to be encoded words, and most MUAs take  
a more liberal view and attempt to decode anything that looks remotely  
like an encoded-word. For sure, they ignore reason #1, and quite likely  
reason #2 (certainly, upon offering your original example, and many  
variations on it, in a Subject to my own MUA caused it to display "(ä ö  
ü)". So I would not care overmuch if a downgrader tried to be as liberal  
as typical MUAs are and produced something like

    Subject: =?utf-8*nds?q?(=e4?= =?utf-8?q?_=f6_?= =?utf-8*de?q?=FC)?=

> Let's assume that it's a structured comment, then it
> contains one encoded word =?utf-8*de?q?=FC?=
>
> A 2047-downgrade mechanism would have to pick either
> =?utf-8?q?=F6_?= or =?utf-8?q?=F6?= to preserve the
> space to its right.  (Or equivalent 'B' encodings)

No it wouldn't, because it would try to get both the ä and the ö within  
the same encoded-word.

So a Bloody-Minded downgrader would produce

    (?utf-8?q?=3D=3Futf-8*nds=3Fq=3F=e4=3F=3D_=F6_?= =?utf-8*de?q?=FC?=)

And a more liberal one would do much the same as my liberal Subject  
version. As I said before, I would not be particularly upset it  
downgraders did pedantically incorrect things which most typical MUAs  
regularly do anyway, hence making it more likely that any final and  
liberal upgrader would show what liberal MUAs already regularly show.

So, essentially, I still claim that a Bloody-Minded downgrader can still  
always find a pedantically correct way to encode any utf-8 stuff whilst  
leaving genuine pre-existing encoded-words untouched, and a liberal  
upgrader (much easier to write) can still get things at least as correct  
as the average MUA gets them.

> Last but not least I don't trust that any downgrade
> mechanism based on 2047 gets the non-encoded "word"
> (=?utf-8*nds?q?ä?= right.

That may well be the case but, as I have said, they will get it as right  
as typical MUAs are likely to get it.
>
> It's just too tricky, even if we'd decree "treat all
> UTF-8 header fields as unstructured for the purpose
> of 2047-downgrading" it's still too tricky.

Well we aren't proposing that. If some downgrader genuinely knows which  
headers are unstructured and which not, then good luck to it. But if it  
doesn't, then we should also realise that most MUAs don't know that  
either, and so not to worry if it takes similar shortcute as typical MUAs  
already do.
>
> And hopeless for raw non-UTF-8 octets.  Downgrade
> needs its own mechanism, hex. NCRs after protecting
> all input "&" is an idea...
>
>> What is an NCR?
>
> A numerical character refeence like &#xA0; for u+00A0.
>
> NCRs are quite popular because they're supported in XML
> (and FWIW in HTML) and almost all browsers.

But not by MUAs I hope. But even if some MUAs do implement them, UTF8SMTP  
should take no special action on them. If some MUAs now happen to do the  
"right thing" with some UTF-8 encoded that way, then good luck to them,  
but let us not get involved.


>  [non-UTF-8]
>> simply encode the octets as if they were UTF-8
>
> You're kidding.  You'd have to use UNKNOWN-8BIT.

Pedantically, they should do as you say, but in the Real World that is  
unlikely to happen (since we can have no control over what is done with  
inadmissable input).

>
>> please produce a valid example.
>
> It was an example showing why a "B64 everything"
> strategy won't fly for MIME part headers (Content-*).

It was not a valid example that could actually happen. Therefor it proved  
nothing.
>
> Anything Downgraded: Content-[...] is impossible in
> a MIME part header.

But there is never any necessity, with any proposal currently before us,  
for a Downgraded header to appear in a MIME part header. All such headers  
are supposed to start with Content-*, and all known Content-* headers can  
be downgraded withour creating a Downgraded header. So no problem.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
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On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 12:42:37 +0100, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:

> Sadly, I agree.   "Sadly", because I think it really implies
> that, if a downgrading system doesn't understand --explicitly
> recognize-- a header that contains non-ASCII information-- it
> probably needs to drop it.   Anything else gets us involved with
> guessing what the information there is actually about and about
> what the receiving MUA may or may not know.

Do you really mean "drop it"? I thought our whole strategy was that you  
always downgraded, and if that was not possible you bounced/rejected. I  
don't think you can get away with omitting a part of some message that was  
probably put there for good reason. So if it eventually arrives at some  
recipient then every header that was present in the original should be  
present in some form in what he receives, even if not upgraded/upgradeable  
with 100% perfection.
>
> A different way to look at this is that, while losing
> information is unattractive, it is better than risking changing
> material in a way that appears to retain information but
> actually alters it.

We would only care if the alteration made it semantically different. It is  
already accepted that changes of content transfer encoding and changes of  
folding have no semantic effect (except maybe to DKIN signings). Likewise,  
different but equivalent ways of doing RFC 2047 encoding do not change the  
semantics (which is always the sequence of encoded characters as restored  
to and displayed in their original charsets). And it is also considered  
acceptable to display the encoded form if the required charsets cannot be  
displayed locally.

Within those limitations, the Downgraded header, as currently proposed,  
meets the requirements of conveying the original semantic meaning. The  
worst that can happen is that some legacy agent which was supposed to take  
some specific action upon seeing that header will not take it when  
presented with an equivalent Downgraded header. But we have taken care of  
what to do in the case of all presently known headers, and as regards  
headers not yet invented the world has to accept that there will always be  
older agents around that will not instigate whatever action that new  
header was supposed to bring about. Humans will always see such Downgraded  
headers properly displayed, if they care to look, which is all you can  
ever assume will happen with any newly-invented header.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
References: <142931FE8D59C5F484183419@p3.JCK.COM>
	<461F90F3.6030803@alvestrand.no>
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On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 15:17:23 +0100, Harald Alvestrand  
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Assume that any legal UTF-8 character in an unknown header is placed  
> there in accordance to this specification.
>
> Assume further that this specification says that you can ONLY place  
> UTF-8 characters in places where either encoded-words or RFC 2231  
> encoded quoted-strings are allowed. (Question: Can we manage to say  
> that?)

Sadly, we can't say that. It may work for RFC 2231, but RFC 2047 provides  
no way to say it even for the present ASCII headers. Which is why cuurent  
MUAs routinely take shortcuts, such as treating all unrecognized headers  
(and even many recognized ones) as "unstructured". It works well enough  
that nobody really notices the odd technical glitch, and if we can get  
downgrading to work as well as that, we will have little to complain about.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
References: <op.tpu4dhki6hl8nm@clerew.man.ac.uk>
	<20070410.191803.48510446.fujiwara@jprs.co.jp>
	<EC7741A9E93542B2B93B284C@p3.JCK.COM>
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Message-ID: <op.tqwby4ey6hl8nm@clerew.man.ac.uk>
Date: Mon, 16 Apr 2007 22:43:42 +0100
From: "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
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On Fri, 13 Apr 2007 14:42:34 +0100, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com> wrote:

> --On Friday, 13 April, 2007 14:10 +0100 Charles Lindsey
> <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk> wrote:
>
>> ...
>> Yes, that is why I don't want to invent MIME 2.0, and just to
>> allow
>> extensions to MIME 1.0 that are only allowed to be seen within
>> the
>> UTF8SMTP universe, and can be downgraded to things that are
>> then
>> strict-current-MIME-1.0.
>
> But, if they are used and appear --even in encoded form-- on the
> other side of a downgrade process, they are no longer "in the
> UTF8SMTP universe" but in a universe in which they may not have
> a clear and unambiguous interpretation.  Please see Harald's
> recent note.

Not so. The only downgrades that can arise on Content-* headers are if the  
header contains a comment (they never do, of course), or if they contain a  
<parameter> of the form filename="mañana". There is never any need to  
generate a Downgraded header as well.

In the one case we then get an RFC2047-encoded <comment>, and in the other  
case an RFC 2231-encoded <value>, and existing software is supposed to be  
able to handle both of those situations without problem.

The only other situation where we would allow things not envisaged by  
current MIME 1.0 is if we permit UTF8SMTP messages to appear with a  
message/rfc822 (but only within the UTF8SMTP universe).

In that case, the downgrade process needs to descend through the complete  
MIME structure (which it will have to do in any case if we do not have  
that HRD=UTF8 parameter in order to ensure that no MIME body part headers  
have any UTF8 in them). Whenever it encounters a message/rfc822 it will  
then downgrade it, and so on recursively.

So, in the non-UTF8SMTP universe you will then see message/rfc822 objects  
that are in fact downgraded from UTF8SMTP. But then you already expect to  
see messages of that sort in the non-UTF8SMTP universe anyway, so what's  
new?
>
> And, FWIW, I don't share your optimism about putting things that
> look like encoded words into fields that the receiving system
> may not understand and assuming that the right things will
> happen.

It is no worse than what happens in the present ASCII universe when  
encoded-words turn up in header fields that we invented after the piece of  
software was written (nearly all current software is liberal enough to do  
the "right thing" in those cases).

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Tue Apr 17 08:29:00 2007
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To: nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: downgrading target header list
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> From: Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de>
> > Encapsulating undefined headers (including all X-headers) is
> > reasonable?
> 
> As long as you don't use 2047 / 2231 on "words", because you
> don't know what a "word" is without knowing the structure, as
> in the ...
> 
> xxx: (=?ascii*fr?Q?no?= encoded =?ascii*en?Q?words?=)
> 
> ...example, if xxx header field bodies are unstructured (or
> allow no comments).

I changed the Downgraded header definition in my local downgrade-04 text.

downgraded =  "Downgraded:" [FWS] field-name ":" unstructured CRLF
And added as 'this header will be encoded by RFC 2047.'

> > Which downgrading method is suitable for Unknown Content-*
> > header, (7) Encapsulating into Downgraded or (5) RFC 2231 ?
> 
> None, Content-* MUST be ASCII for MIME Version 1.0, and the
> old pre-MIME Content-Type was also ASCII.

Adding UTF-8 capable MIME header list to utf8header document is one idea.

> > From: Sender: Reply-To: To: Cc: Bcc:
> 
> Bcc should be empty...

agree.

> > Resent-From: Resent-Sender: Resent-To: Resent-Cc:
> 
> ...or add Resent-Bcc: (what crap, sigh).
> 
> > Resent-Reply-To:
> 
> Strike that, it doesn't exist.

Ok, I checked RFC 2822 Appendix B 26.

> > Disposition-Notification-To:
> 
> Can somebody _please_ start the next "decruft experiment" ?
> 
> >   3. text header
> >      -> encode by RFC 2047
> 
> >         Subject:
> >         Comments:
> >         Keywords:
> 
> Keywords isn't unstructured, <obs-phrase> can have a comment,
> see above.

Encapsulating Keywords in Downgraded header is reasonable?

--
Kazunori Fujiwara, JPRS

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On Tue, 2007-04-17, fujiwara@jprs.co.jp wrote:
>> Bcc should be empty...

> agree.

Disagree!

RFC 2822 - 3.6.3 states that the "BCC:" field may be used in several ways,
including sending each blind recipient a copy of the message with only
his/her address in the "BCC:" field or possibly sending only to the blind
recipients a copy of the message with a "BCC:" field containing all of the
blind recipients' addresses.

-- 
Bill McQuillan <McQuilWP@pobox.com>


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> From: Bill McQuillan <McQuilWP@pobox.com>
> 
> On Tue, 2007-04-17, fujiwara@jprs.co.jp wrote:
> >> Bcc should be empty...
> 
> > agree.
> 
> Disagree!

My 'agree.' is not good...
In many cases, Bcc: header is removed by MUA.

> RFC 2822 - 3.6.3 states that the "BCC:" field may be used in several ways,
> including sending each blind recipient a copy of the message with only
> his/her address in the "BCC:" field or possibly sending only to the blind
> recipients a copy of the message with a "BCC:" field containing all of the
> blind recipients' addresses.

and more, RFC 2822 ABNF says:
bcc             =       "Bcc:" (address-list / [CFWS]) CRLF

empty Bcc: value is allowed...

I considered Bcc is not exist or have some value.

Thank you.

--
Kazunori Fujiwara, JPRS


> -- 
> Bill McQuillan <McQuilWP@pobox.com>
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
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Bill McQuillan wrote:

>>> Bcc should be empty...
>> agree.
> Disagree!

When downgrading gateways see it it should be empty, RFC 2821 says:

| Each recipient address from a TO, CC, or BCC header field SHOULD
| be copied to a RCPT command (generating multiple message copies if
| that is required for queuing or delivery).  This includes any
| addresses listed in a RFC 822 "group".  Any BCC fields SHOULD then
| be removed from the headers.  Once this process is completed, the
| remaining headers SHOULD be checked to verify that at least one
| To:, Cc:, or Bcc: header remains.  If none do, then a bcc: header
| with no additional information SHOULD be inserted as specified in
[RFC 2822].

| Addresses that do not appear in the message headers may appear in the
| RCPT commands to an SMTP server for a number of reasons.  The two
| most common involve the use of a mailing address as a "list exploder"
| (a single address that resolves into multiple addresses) and the
| appearance of "blind copies".

Admittedly RFC 822 and 2822 mention a problematic case, where the Bcc
is either kept as is (only in the blind carbon copies), or trimmed to
one corresponding address per blind carbon copy.  The RFC 2821 recipe
appears to be more robust.

Frank (waiting how long it takes the "headers" police to find 2821bis)



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On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 21:37:16 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Bill McQuillan wrote:
>
>>>> Bcc should be empty...
>>> agree.
>> Disagree!
>
> When downgrading gateways see it it should be empty, RFC 2821 says:

I think the safest thing to say is the a Bcc is downgradable, just to  
cover the occasional circumstance where it turns up, but point out that  
there will rarely be anything there to downgrade.
>
> | Each recipient address from a TO, CC, or BCC header field SHOULD
> | be copied to a RCPT command (generating multiple message copies if
> | that is required for queuing or delivery).

But it may be the case, for example, that a MUA that finds itself talking  
to a non-UTF8SMTP MTA will do the downgrade operation _before_ it sets  
about generating RCPT commands for the MTA.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
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On Tue, 17 Apr 2007 13:28:41 +0100, <fujiwara@jprs.co.jp> wrote:


>> Can somebody _please_ start the next "decruft experiment" ?
>>
>> >   3. text header
>> >      -> encode by RFC 2047
>>
>> >         Subject:
>> >         Comments:
>> >         Keywords:
>>
>> Keywords isn't unstructured, <obs-phrase> can have a comment,
>> see above.
>
> Encapsulating Keywords in Downgraded header is reasonable?

keywords        =       "Keywords:" phrase *("," phrase) CRLF

It should be allowed to downgrade a <phrase> anywhere that it occurs using  
RFC 2047, and without any need for an additional Downgraded header.

We already do that for <display-name>s, which are the only other place  
where <phrase>s get used according to RFC 2822.

-- 
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--==========12E106F0142C221FEA65==========
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Due to my inattention, I have let this slip right until the submission 
deadline.
So the attached file has been submitted as minutes without review from the 
WG.

My apologies.

          Harald Alvestrand

--==========12E106F0142C221FEA65==========
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EAI Minutes
IETF 68 - Prague, Czech Republic
20 March 2007
=20
Eric Burger, Scribe
=20
=20
Framework Document
------------------
Issue: Some uncomfortable with wording of MTA / Message Store split.
Resolution: Current wording is acceptable to the work group.  The document
is finished.
=20
=20
SMTP Extensions
draft-ietf-eai-smtpext-04
-------------------------
Issue: Should a UTF8 server send UTF8 to non-UTF8 hosts?
Resolution: Let editors work out and propose to group
=20
Issue: Do we need an explicit tag per message indicating the message is =
UTF8
(HDR=3DUTF8SMTP)?
Discussion: Either transaction states UTF8 is present or the MTA figures it
out.  On the philosophy (Dave Crocker), "Is it cheap and is it safe?" John
Klensin pointed out that every header is expensive, and a few people
mentioned that one had to trust all of the next hops.
Resolution: VERY ROUGH consensus that we do not need the parameter.  Some
holdouts to keep the parameter.  Will take to list.
=20
=20
UTF8 Headers
draft-ietf-eai-utf8headers-03
-----------------------------
A few nits in the document, but no substantial issues.  New -04 draft to
come out which should be ready for WGLC.
=20
=20
DSN
draft-ietf-eai-dsn-00
---------------------
Issue: Cannot use xtext, because DSN requires the removal of 8-bit
characters when going to 7-bit SMTP servers.  Already have to encode 5
reserved ASCII characters; today hex-encode Unicode; it should be UTF8
Options:
1. Use xtext for ASCII and something else for UTF-8
2. use %xx encoding of UTF8 or \uxx encoding of Unicode
Point: desire to not do double-encoding (although Pete pointed out that
there already is double encoding for IRI's)
Resolution: NONE (3-3 vote).  Take to list
=20
Note: Alexey will be the new editor
=20
Issue: Should message encoding be application/utf8smtp or message/utf8smtp
Discussion: MIME allows 8-bit types, but explicitly prohibits 8-bit message
types for message/*
Argument in favor of message/utf8smtp: the object is a message.
Argument against message/utf8smtp: may break 7-bit implementations
Argument for application/utf8smtp: will work with everything, since
application/<unknown> is supposed to be treated as application/octet-stream
Argument against application/utf8smtp: automated DSN processors might barf
on 8-bit content
Argument against (soft) message/utf8smtp: the use will leak out, e.g.,
multipart/digest
Resolution: do message/utf8smtp; fix broken implementations (if any)
=20
Issue: what about utf8headers?  Should it be text/utf8header or
message/utf8header?
Resolution: NONE. Slight preference for message/utf8header, but nowhere =
near
consensus.  Take to list.
=20
=20
Downgrade
draft-ietf-eai-downgrade-03
---------------------------
Issue: Is upgrading important
Discussion: Useful, as we can get rid of RFC 2047 encodings as close to the
client as possible.  Consideration, however, that this is more of an access
protocol (POP, IMAP) issue than SMTP issue.  Upgrades break DKIM. Upgrades
in the network are likely to be buggy.  Upgrades likely to break =
signatures.
Why would servers, which get graded on speed, spend time doing conversions?
=20
Hum called on whether to have no upgrades; upgrade at MTA in network,
upgrade at "recipient system" for display, reply address, and checking
signature; or upgrade for display and reply address and NOT for checking
signature.
=20
Resolution: Strong consensus on upgrading at the "recipient system" for
display and reply address and NOT for checking signature.
=20
At this point, Dave Crocker agrees with John Klensin.  John shudders.
=20
=20
IMAP
draft-ietf-eai-imap-utf8-01
---------------------------
Issue: How to enable UTF8 in IMAP data elements?  Modally or with new,
UTF8-enabled, commands?
Discussion: RFC 3501 states 7-bit only unless explicit charset specified.
Proposal: allow all fields to be UTF8 unless otherwise specified
Problem: IMAP capabilities model is server advertises capabilities, but
server only deduces client capabilities from what the client requests.
Proposal: use explicit ENABLE command
Discussion: IMAP-EXT and LEMONADE like approach.
Resolution: Consensus to use ENABLE command to enter "UTF8 mode"
To do: Fix LOGIN command to allow UTF8 (editors)
To do: verify ENABLE command OK with IMAP community (Pete Resnick)
=20
=20
POP
draft-ietf-eai-pop-01
---------------------
Since very few commands, and easy to get modality wrong, consensus is to
create new, UTF-enabled, commands.
=20
=20
Mailing Lists
draft-ietf-eai-mailinglist-01
-----------------------------
Issue: Can we infer that a mailing list that happens to have only ASCII
addresses is not a UTF8 mail list?
Discussion: No - The recipient's address does not define their =
capabilities.
Moreover, no hints from a subscription e-mail, as it might be in ASCII or,
more likely, the subscription happened over the web.
Resolution: Just describe the issues in the text.
=20
Issue: What to do with list-* headers: only use ASCII; use UTF8; use IRI's;
use multi-valued (ASCII, UTF8) addresses, which is already allowed; use =
new,
UTF8-specific, headers/
Discussion: The mailto: scheme needs to deal with UTF8 and IRI's
Resolution: list-* takes URI's; mailto: is a URI scheme; when mailto: takes
IRI's or UTF-8 in the future, this just will work
To do: warn developers today list-*'s may be 8-bit today
=20
Issue: Should Return-path be ASCII or UTF8SMTP (envelope return path, not
list reply address)? Should it always be ASCII, as that will work with
everything?  Alt-address does not have syntax today.
Discussion: For automatically generated messages, e.g., NDN's.
Proposal: Provide ASCII and Alt-Address so that it is possible to downgrade
the response
Resolution: Too early to decide; try some experiments.
=20
=20
Scenarios Document
draft-ietf-eai-scenarios
------------------------
Issue: Publish, hold, or let draft lapse?
Resolution: Hold the document
=20
=20
Downgrade
draft-ietf-eai-downgrade-03
---------------------------
Issue: What to do about uFor in Received: header?
Discussion: Current text says to delete it.  Problem is total loss of
traceability.
Proposal: Encourage gateways to insert additional Received: headers and put
the original information in comments, e.g.,
  Received: by ME for ME ; describe what happened
To do: John Klensin to write text



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Subject: Fwd: Re: [EAI] Minutes from Prague
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Seems I sent this just to Harald, and not the list, which explains why he  
replied to me only :-( .

------- Forwarded message -------
From: "Charles Lindsey" <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
To: "Harald Tveit Alvestrand" <harald@alvestrand.no>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Minutes from Prague
Date: Mon, 23 Apr 2007 11:34:50 +0100

On Fri, 20 Apr 2007 21:48:57 +0100, Harald Tveit Alvestrand
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Due to my inattention, I have let this slip right until the submission
> deadline.
> So the attached file has been submitted as minutes without review from  
> the
> WG.

And from the minutes:

..................
DSN
draft-ietf-eai-dsn-00
---------------------

Issue: Should message encoding be application/utf8smtp or message/utf8smtp
Discussion: MIME allows 8-bit types, but explicitly prohibits 8-bit message
types for message/*
Argument in favor of message/utf8smtp: the object is a message.
Argument against message/utf8smtp: may break 7-bit implementations
Argument for application/utf8smtp: will work with everything, since
application/<unknown> is supposed to be treated as application/octet-stream
Argument against application/utf8smtp: automated DSN processors might barf
on 8-bit content
Argument against (soft) message/utf8smtp: the use will leak out, e.g.,
multipart/digest
Resolution: do message/utf8smtp; fix broken implementations (if any)
...................

I don't understand the proposed resolution here. It violates a very
explicit "EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN" in RFC 2045, so you can hardly describe an
implementation that does not expect to see 8bit where 8bit is expressly
forbidden as "broken" and "to be fixed". So what am I missing?

And the dicussion completely failed to consider the third possibility of
using message/rfc822, downgraded as necessary before it is allowed to be
seen in the non-UTF8SMTP universe (but presumably upgraded again for
display by recipients so capable).

Moreover, since we seemed to have abandoned any HDR=UFT8SMTP parameter in
SMTP, downgraders are going to have to recognize and deal with any 8bit
headers contained within a message/rfc822, just as they are going to have
to recognize and deal with them within mime body headerts within any
multipart.



-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
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Charles Lindsey wrote:

> downgraders are going to have to recognize and deal with any 8bit
> headers contained within a message/rfc822

By definition there are no 8bit header fields in a message/rfc822,
downgraders and others would look for UTF-8 in header field bodies
if they need or wish to identify a superset of the message/rfc822
format dubbed as message/utf-8.

And John apparently wants to limit this to some precisely defined
places in known header fields, instead of taking the simpler "any
UTF-8 can be fine for message/utf-8, nobody cares about the syntax
in transit" approach.

What you're talking about is apparently the UNKNOWN-8BIT seen in
"some" (syntactically invalid) message/rfc822 today, without EAI.

We've to solve the first problem, valid message/utf-8.  We're not
forced to solve the second problem, UNKNOWN-8BIT in a header of
something that's certainly syntactically invalid, with or without
EAI.  Implementation details, a harsh recipe is "reject", but it
might be the best solution.  A really *odd* recipe would be "just
turn off the 8th bit", IMO that deserves a MUST NOT.  And a very
sophisticated downgrade implementation might try to preseve any
UNKNOWN-8BIT somehow, for critical header fields where it knows
the structure (otherwise using RFC 2047 could fail miserably).

> just as they are going to have to recognize and deal with them
> within mime body headerts within any multipart.

There is no UNKNOWN-8BIT in valid MIME part headers.  There are
also no addresses in MIME part headers, or rather I'm not aware
of any addresses in any Content-* header field, unless you'd put
them in a comment.  So why is this a topic for this WG (= EAI) ?

Frank



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts 
directories.
This draft is a work item of the Email Address Internationalization Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Internationalized Email Headers
	Author(s)	: J. Yeh
	Filename	: draft-ietf-eai-utf8headers-05.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 2007-4-26
	
Full internationalization of electronic mail requires not only the
   capability to transmit non-ASCII content, to encode selected
   information in specific header fields, and to use non-ASCII
   characters in envelope addresses.  It also requires being able to
   express those addresses and information based on them in mail header
   fields.  This document specifies an experimental variant of Internet
   mail that permits the use of Unicode encoded in UTF-8, rather than
   ASCII, as the base form for Internet email header field bodies.  This
   form is permitted in transmission only if authorized by an SMTP
   extension, as specified in an associated specification.

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--On 24. april 2007 15:51 +0200 Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> 
wrote:

> We've to solve the first problem, valid message/utf-8.  We're not
> forced to solve the second problem, UNKNOWN-8BIT in a header of
> something that's certainly syntactically invalid, with or without
> EAI.  Implementation details, a harsh recipe is "reject", but it
> might be the best solution.  A really *odd* recipe would be "just
> turn off the 8th bit", IMO that deserves a MUST NOT.  And a very
> sophisticated downgrade implementation might try to preseve any
> UNKNOWN-8BIT somehow, for critical header fields where it knows
> the structure (otherwise using RFC 2047 could fail miserably).

I believe that both PP and Exim defaulted to "strip the 8th bit" for quite 
a while. I'm not sure what current mailers default to.

            Harald





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Since Charles forwarded his comment to the list, I'm assuming that he did 
not consider my comment below convincing.

           Harald

------------ Forwarded Message ------------
Date: 23. april 2007 12:47 +0200
From: Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
To: Charles Lindsey <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Minutes from Prague

Charles Lindsey wrote:
> On Fri, 20 Apr 2007 21:48:57 +0100, Harald Tveit Alvestrand
> <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:
>
>> Due to my inattention, I have let this slip right until the submission
>> deadline.
>> So the attached file has been submitted as minutes without review
>> from the
>> WG.
>
> And from the minutes:
>
> ..................
> DSN
> draft-ietf-eai-dsn-00
> ---------------------
>
> Issue: Should message encoding be application/utf8smtp or
> message/utf8smtp
> Discussion: MIME allows 8-bit types, but explicitly prohibits 8-bit
> message
> types for message/*
> Argument in favor of message/utf8smtp: the object is a message.
> Argument against message/utf8smtp: may break 7-bit implementations
> Argument for application/utf8smtp: will work with everything, since
> application/<unknown> is supposed to be treated as
> application/octet-stream
> Argument against application/utf8smtp: automated DSN processors might
> barf
> on 8-bit content
> Argument against (soft) message/utf8smtp: the use will leak out, e.g.,
> multipart/digest
> Resolution: do message/utf8smtp; fix broken implementations (if any)
> ...................
>
> I don't understand the proposed resolution here. It violates a very
> explicit "EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN" in RFC 2045, so you can hardly describe
> an implementation that does not expect to see 8bit where 8bit is
> expressly forbidden as "broken" and "to be fixed". So what am I missing?
The fact that some of us considered the prohibition from RFC 2045 stupid?
>
> And the dicussion completely failed to consider the third possibility
> of using message/rfc822, downgraded as necessary before it is allowed
> to be seen in the non-UTF8SMTP universe (but presumably upgraded again
> for display by recipients so capable).
Yes, it failed to consider this possibility. Rather, there was nobody in
the room who had taken leave of his senses enough to seriously want to
advance such a suggestion.

Your suggestion has NOT seen any support on the list. And for good reason.
>
> Moreover, since we seemed to have abandoned any HDR=UFT8SMTP parameter
> in SMTP, downgraders are going to have to recognize and deal with any
> 8bit headers contained within a message/rfc822, just as they are going
> to have to recognize and deal with them within mime body headerts
> within any multipart.
I don't see a connection here.



---------- End Forwarded Message ----------





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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Fri Apr 27 01:14:42 2007
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Please follow the discussion on ietf-822@imc.org.

--- begin forwarded text

Date: Thu, 26 Apr 2007 16:55:06 -0500
To: ietf-822@imc.org
From: Pete Resnick <presnick@qualcomm.com>
Subject: draft-resnick-2822upd-01 posted

You may have noticed that 2822upd-01 was posted.

<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-resnick-2822upd-01.txt>
Also:
<http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/draft-resnick-2822upd-01.html>
<http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/draft-resnick-2822upd-01.xml>
<http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/draft-resnick-2822upd-01.txt>

To make rfcdiff work, I've put a copy of RFC 2822 on my web site with 
some of the later sections rearranged so that they're in the same 
order as the current draft. You can see the diffs between the two 
here:

<http://tools.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url1=http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/rfc2822-fixed.txt&url2=http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-resnick-2822upd-01.txt>

Though overall very few, there are real changes from 2822 in this 
document that need review. See the changes section at the bottom. I 
did *not* go whole hog and switch to Bruce's syntax, simply because I 
wanted to limit the number of changes and see if we can't get this 
thing to Draft along with 2821bis. But I did incorporate (hopefully 
all of) the corrections that you all have pointed out over the last 
couple of years.

Please review with a fine toothed comb. If there are more than just a 
few problems, perhaps I'll ask Tony Hansen or Philip Guenther (who 
have at assorted time offered assistance) to start an issues list.

Thanks in advance for your assistance.

pr

--- end forwarded text


-- 
Pete Resnick <http://www.qualcomm.com/~presnick/>
QUALCOMM Incorporated - Direct phone: (858)651-4478, Fax: (858)651-1102

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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Fri Apr 27 09:00:10 2007
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To: IMA <ima@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Minutes from Prague (fwd)
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On Thu, 26 Apr 2007 22:18:18 +0100, Harald Tveit Alvestrand  
<harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

> Since Charles forwarded his comment to the list, I'm assuming that he  
> did not consider my comment below convincing.

> ------------ Forwarded Message ------------
> Date: 23. april 2007 12:47 +0200
> From: Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
> To: Charles Lindsey <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>
> Subject: Re: [EAI] Minutes from Prague
>
> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>> On Fri, 20 Apr 2007 21:48:57 +0100, Harald Tveit Alvestrand
>> <harald@alvestrand.no> wrote:

>> And from the minutes:
>>
>> ..................
>> DSN
>> draft-ietf-eai-dsn-00
>> ---------------------
>>
>> Issue: Should message encoding be application/utf8smtp or
>> message/utf8smtp
>> Discussion: MIME allows 8-bit types, but explicitly prohibits 8-bit
>> message
>> types for message/*
>> Argument in favor of message/utf8smtp: the object is a message.
>> Argument against message/utf8smtp: may break 7-bit implementations
>> Argument for application/utf8smtp: will work with everything, since
>> application/<unknown> is supposed to be treated as
>> application/octet-stream
>> Argument against application/utf8smtp: automated DSN processors might
>> barf
>> on 8-bit content
>> Argument against (soft) message/utf8smtp: the use will leak out, e.g.,
>> multipart/digest
>> Resolution: do message/utf8smtp; fix broken implementations (if any)
>> ...................
>>
>> I don't understand the proposed resolution here. It violates a very
>> explicit "EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN" in RFC 2045, so you can hardly describe
>> an implementation that does not expect to see 8bit where 8bit is
>> expressly forbidden as "broken" and "to be fixed". So what am I missing?

> The fact that some of us considered the prohibition from RFC 2045 stupid?

Yes, we all agree that it is stupid, but RFC 2045 is a Draft Standard;  
that is what it says, so you cannot complain if that is what people have  
implemented.

The scenario we are considering is where a UTF8SMTP-aware MTA has  
generated a DSN which includes the whole of the original message, and it  
finds that it has to send it via some non-UTF8SMTP server. Moreover, the  
next hop beyond that one may not even support 8BITMIME.

Now I can only speak for sendmail, because I have studied its relevant  
source code. It the DSN includes a message/utf8smtp with C_T_E: 8bit  
(which is allowed) and the next hop does not do 8BITMIME, then sendmail  
WILL NOT attempt to change it to C_T_E: Q-P (or Base64) - it will just  
send the 8bits and hope for the best.

I don't know what other servers do, but it would not surprise me if they  
behaved similarly. But, in any case, sendmail is a significant part of the  
currently installed server-base, and it was my understanding that EAI is  
intended to interoperate with that existing base.

OTOH if the returned message in the DSN is sent as an  
application/utf8smtp, or as a properly downgraded message/rfc822, then  
sendmail (and I presume all other servers) will then downgrade it  
correctly if asked to forward it to a non-8BITMIME system.

Now you might well be able to persuade the implementors of sendmail that  
it is "broken" and should be "fixed". But even then there would still be a  
large installed base of earlier implemenations. The efforts of the  
sendmail implementors would be better spent on doing a decent  
implementation of full UTF8SMTP.
>>
>> And the dicussion completely failed to consider the third possibility
>> of using message/rfc822, downgraded ...
>
> Your suggestion has NOT seen any support on the list. And for good  
> reason.

Such as "it would actually work"?

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
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On Tue, 24 Apr 2007 14:51:03 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Charles Lindsey wrote:
>
>> downgraders are going to have to recognize and deal with any 8bit
>> headers contained within a message/rfc822
>
> By definition there are no 8bit header fields in a message/rfc822,
> downgraders and others would look for UTF-8 in header field bodies
> if they need or wish to identify a superset of the message/rfc822
> format dubbed as message/utf-8.

No existing 8BITMIME downgrader is going to "look for UTF-8 in header  
field bodies" whether it is dubbed as message/utf-8 or as  
message/anything-else, so such things must never be seen outside the  
UTF8SMTP universe.
>
> And John apparently wants to limit this to some precisely defined
> places in known header fields, instead of taking the simpler "any
> UTF-8 can be fine for message/utf-8, nobody cares about the syntax
> in transit" approach.

I think you would have to accept whatever our utf8headers document allows  
- no more and no less, so that excludes any UNKNOWN-8BIT (so garbage-in ->  
garbage-out would apply, since detecting that case is more trouble than  
any expected benefit).

> There is no UNKNOWN-8BIT in valid MIME part headers.  There are
> also no addresses in MIME part headers, or rather I'm not aware
> of any addresses in any Content-* header field, unless you'd put
> them in a comment.  So why is this a topic for this WG (= EAI) ?

Indeed. The only things currently proposed to be allowed in Content-*  
headers are UTF-8 in <comment>s (rare, but possible) and UTF-8 on the RHS  
of <paramater>s (for which RFC 2231 can be used).

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
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Subject: [EAI] Re: Minutes from Prague (fwd)
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Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no> writes in gmane.ietf.ima:

> Since Charles forwarded his comment to the list, I'm assuming that he
> did not consider my comment below convincing.
> 

> > And the dicussion completely failed to consider the third possibility
> > of using message/rfc822, downgraded as necessary before it is allowed
> > to be seen in the non-UTF8SMTP universe (but presumably upgraded again
> > for display by recipients so capable).
> Yes, it failed to consider this possibility. Rather, there was nobody in
> the room who had taken leave of his senses enough to seriously want to
> advance such a suggestion.
> 
> Your suggestion has NOT seen any support on the list. And for good reason.

Well at least I have mentioned that possibility:
   "message/utf-8   can be downgraded to message/rfc822 or converted to
    multipart/utf8-encapsulated."

So I do not think that your claim is completely true.

( There is perhaps some other messages, but that I least found. )

/ Kari Hurtta

--------------------------------------------------------------------
From: Kari Hurtta <hurtta+gmane@siilo.fmi.fi>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: 8to7 downgrade and message/*
Newsgroups: gmane.ietf.ima
To: ima@ietf.org
Date: 03 Feb 2007 23:42:01 +0200

Frank Ellermann <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> writes in gmane.ietf.ima:

> > Effectively gateways are required bounce unknown message/* types
> > if they include 8-bit.
> 
> Okay, so we should offer a better solution for message/utf-8 and
> family for the purpose of 8BITMIME to 7bit gateways - nobody else
> needs this.  While we're at it let's support any message subtype,
> including invalid message/rfc822 headers with UNKNOWN-8BIT octets.

Yes.

Note that providers of that solution are UTF8SMTP to rfc(2)822 gateways.

They must do that munging so that there is not these message/utf-8,
message/utf-8-headers and so on types.   


> How about an application/message-munged with a mandatory parameter
> indicating the original message subtype ?  Where "munged" could be
> defined as a very radical procedure:  Take the complete unknown
> message part (or a complete invalid message/rfc822 part), gzip it,
> B64 it, ready.  Maybe gzip is overkill.

message/utf-8   can be downgraded to message/rfc822 or converted to
multipart/utf8-encapsulated.

message/utf-8-headers is better replaced with text/utf8-header 


Then there is left   message/utf-8-delivery-status and 
message/utf-8-disposition-notification



There is some details which need to be figured out.

/ Kari Hurtta


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Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote:

>> I don't understand the proposed resolution here. It violates a very
>> explicit "EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN" in RFC 2045, so you can hardly describe
>> an implementation that does not expect to see 8bit where 8bit is
>> expressly forbidden as "broken" and "to be fixed". So what am I missing?

> The fact that some of us considered the prohibition from RFC 2045 stupid?

Now I'm confused.  It's no stupid prohibition.  It's based on three
assumptions:  (1) Messages consist of an ASCII header and a body.
(2) The body can be structured and/or encoded as specified in the
header of the message.  (3) Eveybody knows how a message/rfc822 is
structured, and how it specifies the encoding of its body, because
the message/rfc822 structure is what MIME and RFC 2045 are about.

So if you put a message/rfc822 as part (or as part of a part, etc.)
into a MIME message, which is by definition also a message/rfc822,
then it makes no sense to specify a CTE like base64 for this part,
it would encode the complete message, header, body, any parts the
embedded message has, all.

However a CTE like 8bit in the MIME part header of the embedded
message protects the visible message structure, its ASCII header
is still directly visible, its ASCII MIME part headers (if it's
also structured) are still directly visible, and any part of the
embedded message that is neither a message nor a multipart has
its own header that can use its own CTE (including base64 or QP).

You can also put the 8BITMIME message into a 7bit message: Keep
its ASCII header and its ASCII MIME part headers as they are,
and flip any CTE 8bit (or binary, but my example is 8bit) you
find in non-composite parts of this message to base64.  And of
course encode those parts using B64.

The complete structure is still visible, any embedded parts
that were already 7bit are directly readable for MIME unaware
user agents.  And actually you do that recursively depth first,
flip CTE to B64 or QP as needed for non-composite parts, keep
the MIME structure including all MIME part headers as is, and
replace any composite 8bit CTE by 7bit for this procedure.

A message containing among other parts a message, the embedded
message containing among other parts a message, no problem, you
can freely flip them from 8bit to 7bit while still preserving
their visible ASCII structure + all visible ASCII parts,  And
of course all ASCII message and MIME part headers are visible.

Without that prohibition parts of the MIME structure (complete
messages or complete multiparts) would be "hidden" in the form
of base64 garbage, that's not nice to MIME-unaware user agents.

MIME has builtin maximum backwards compatibility, that's not
stupid, it's brilliant.  I'd wish all protocols were designed
that way.

Of course we now have a "minor" problem here for EAI, one of
the three assumptions mentioned above is wrong, and conclusions
based on these three assumptions are suddenly utter dubious.

But that doesn't force us to violate the EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN
rule.  If we can't have CTE b64 for message subtypes, we just
roll our own application/message where we can use B64 as it
pleases us.  After all it's just a name, the "desired" effect
of completely encoding an embedded 8bit message/xyz (thereby
hiding its header + structure for MIME unaware UAs) is the
same, no matter if we say "application/message" following the
rules, or if we force B64 at a place where it's not allowed.

And IMO all these 8bit to 7bit considerations are not really
the job of EAI.  We can do that based on Kari's draft, or on
a hypothetical draft defining application/message, but it's
not required for the EAI experiment:  As far as UTF8SMTP is
concerned the whole world uses 8BITMIME.  If somebody still
uses 7bit his 8BITMIME to 7bit problems are no EAI problems.

Frank



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From ima-bounces@ietf.org Sat Apr 28 03:48:06 2007
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Subject: [EAI] Strip 8th bit (was: Fwd: Re: Minutes from Prague)
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Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote:

> I believe that both PP and Exim defaulted to "strip the 8th bit"
> for quite a while. I'm not sure what current mailers default to.

Yesterday I saw that it's a MAY in RFC 2821, may strip MSB, or may
reject the message as FUBAR.

For my application/message idea I thought about how that could be
done by a an 8to7-script:  The input is an 8BITMIME message/rfc822.

The algorithm 8to7( x ) would work something like this:

1: Split x into header and body
2: Strip 8th bit in the header (it's supposed to be ASCII)
3: Check if content-type is multipart/* (5) or message/* (6)

4: non-composite part
4.1: For no CTE:   strip 8th bit in the part, return
4.2: For CTE 7bit: strip 8th bit in the part, return
4.3: For CTE B64:  strip 8th bit in the part, return
4.4: For CTE QP:   strip 8th bit in the part, return
4.5: For CTE 8bit replace CTE B64, encode and return
4.6: For CTE binary or unknown CTEs abort with error

5: multipart/*
5.1: For CTE binary or unknown CTEs abort with error
5.2: For CTE B64 or QP abort with error <= EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN
5.3: For CTE 7bit: strip 8th bit in the part, return
5.4: For CTE 8bit replace CTE 7bit
5.4.1: strip 8th bit in the MIME part header
5.4.2: For each part do
5.4.2.1: for a multipart use the procedure in step 5, iterate
5.4.2.2: for message/rfc822 use procedure for step 1, iterate
5.4.2.3: if it's a non-composite part (no message/*)
5.4.2.3.1: strip 8th bit in the MIME part header
5.4.2.3.2: use procedure in step 4, iterate (next part at 5.4.2)
5.4.2.4: convert message/* to an application/message, iterate

5.5: No more parts in the multipart/* at 5.4.2, return

6: message/*
6.1: For CTE binary or unknown CTEs abort with error
6.2: For CTE B64 or QP abort with error <= EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN
6.3: For CTE 7bit: strip 8th bit in the part, return
6.4: for a message/rfc822 use the procedure in step 1, return
6.5: convert message/* to an application/message, return

The "conversion" to application/message could be to grab all
lines between the boundaries, B64 encode them as is, insert
a MIME part header Content-Type: application/message, CTE B64,
no parameter, no other Content-*, no UTF-8 comments ;-), keep
the encoded original message as "body" of this part, ready.

If minimal MIME conformance requires to support message/partial
and/or message/external-body add the missing steps.  Shall we
try this application/message idea as special EAI contribution
to the existing solutions for "8BITMIME to 7bit" gateways ?

Frank



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On Sat, 28 Apr 2007 08:45:51 +0100, Frank Ellermann  
<nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:

> Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote:
>
>> I believe that both PP and Exim defaulted to "strip the 8th bit"
>> for quite a while. I'm not sure what current mailers default to.
>
> Yesterday I saw that it's a MAY in RFC 2821, may strip MSB, or may
> reject the message as FUBAR.

Clearly, bouncing the message as FUBAR is always the safe option.

But I think it better, if you are determined to try to continue with  
delivery, just to send the 8bits regardless rather than to strip the MSB  
(this is what sendmail does AFAICT).

Stripping the MSB clearly damages the message, certainly creating garbage  
of what may or may not have been garbage in the first place. Sending the  
8bits regardless may well result in garbage at the far end (the far end  
might even truncate the MSB). But the garbage seen in this case will  
certainly be no worse than the garbage seen in the strip-MSB case (it may  
even show up as the same garbage). But there still remains a (small)  
possibility that it will show up as something sensible, or at least  
something that a determined recipient can disentangle manually.

So it is a choice between being definitely worse off and probably/possibly  
being worse off.

And it is strictly of-topic for this group, though possibly interesting  
for understanding the environment in which we have to operate.

-- 
Charles H. Lindsey ---------At Home, doing my own thing------------------------
Tel: +44 161 436 6131                       
   Web: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~chl
Email: chl@clerew.man.ac.uk      Snail: 5 Clerewood Ave, CHEADLE, SK8 3JU, U.K.
PGP: 2C15F1A9      Fingerprint: 73 6D C2 51 93 A0 01 E7 65 E8 64 7E 14 A4 AB A5

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Frank Ellermann wrote:
> Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote:
>
>   
>>> I don't understand the proposed resolution here. It violates a very
>>> explicit "EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN" in RFC 2045, so you can hardly describe
>>> an implementation that does not expect to see 8bit where 8bit is
>>> expressly forbidden as "broken" and "to be fixed". So what am I missing?
>>>       
>
>   
>> The fact that some of us considered the prohibition from RFC 2045 stupid?
>>     
>
> Now I'm confused.  It's no stupid prohibition.  It's based on three
> assumptions:  (1) Messages consist of an ASCII header and a body.
> (2) The body can be structured and/or encoded as specified in the
> header of the message.  (3) Eveybody knows how a message/rfc822 is
> structured, and how it specifies the encoding of its body, because
> the message/rfc822 structure is what MIME and RFC 2045 are about.
>   
The thing that is (possibly) stupid is extending this restriction across 
every future MIME type that starts with the letters "message/". See RFC 
2046 section 5.2.2 for the rather specific restrictions on encoding for 
message/partial.

The content of a message/partial doesn't consist of an ASCII header and 
a body, so I lost you at (1).

                     Harald


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Date: Mon, 30 Apr 2007 16:22:13 +0200
From: Harald Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no>
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Subject: Re: [EAI] Re: Minutes from Prague (fwd)
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Kari Hurtta wrote:
> Harald Tveit Alvestrand <harald@alvestrand.no> writes in gmane.ietf.ima:
>
>   
>> Since Charles forwarded his comment to the list, I'm assuming that he
>> did not consider my comment below convincing.
>>
>>     
>
>   
>>> And the dicussion completely failed to consider the third possibility
>>> of using message/rfc822, downgraded as necessary before it is allowed
>>> to be seen in the non-UTF8SMTP universe (but presumably upgraded again
>>> for display by recipients so capable).
>>>       
>> Yes, it failed to consider this possibility. Rather, there was nobody in
>> the room who had taken leave of his senses enough to seriously want to
>> advance such a suggestion.
>>
>> Your suggestion has NOT seen any support on the list. And for good reason.
>>     
>
> Well at least I have mentioned that possibility:
>    "message/utf-8   can be downgraded to message/rfc822 or converted to
>     multipart/utf8-encapsulated."
>
> So I do not think that your claim is completely true.
>
>   
Downgrading to message/rfc822 is not completely beyond the realm of the 
reasonable (imho).

The "unsupported" I was pointing out was the idea of transporting 
UTF8SMTP messages inside the UTF8SMTP cloud with a MIME type of 
message/rfc822.

                        Harald


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To: Charles Lindsey <chl@clerew.man.ac.uk>, IMA <ima@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [EAI] Strip 8th bit (was: Fwd: Re: Minutes from
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--On Monday, 30 April, 2007 11:58 +0100 Charles Lindsey
<chl@clerew.man.ac.uk> wrote:

> On Sat, 28 Apr 2007 08:45:51 +0100, Frank Ellermann
> <nobody@xyzzy.claranet.de> wrote:
> 
>> Harald Tveit Alvestrand wrote:
>> 
>>> I believe that both PP and Exim defaulted to "strip the 8th
>>> bit" for quite a while. I'm not sure what current mailers
>>> default to.
>> 
>> Yesterday I saw that it's a MAY in RFC 2821, may strip MSB,
>> or may reject the message as FUBAR.
> 
> Clearly, bouncing the message as FUBAR is always the safe
> option.
> 
> But I think it better, if you are determined to try to
> continue with delivery, just to send the 8bits regardless
> rather than to strip the MSB (this is what sendmail does
> AFAICT).

But this is exactly the "just-send-8" option that was rejected
during the original MIME work, rejected again when MIME advanced
to Draft, and rejected again by DRUMS (and maybe a few other
times).  Even if you were right, it would be too late.

>....
> And it is strictly of-topic for this group, though possibly
> interesting for understanding the environment in which we have
> to operate.

So, why are you bringing it up here?  And why am bothering to
respond to it, rather than considering it an indication that I
should start filtering your mail out as frequently containing
off-topic discussions?  (You can, and probably should, treat
both questions as rhetorical.)

       john




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