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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Thu Aug  1 08:42:32 2002
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From: "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com>
To: "Henk Uijterwaal \(RIPE-NCC\)" <henk@ripe.net>,
        "Henrik Holland" <holland@tid.es>
Cc: "IPPM IETF" <ippm@advanced.org>
Subject: RE: [ippm] availability
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2002 08:32:12 -0400
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Henrik,
Henk,

This is a somewhat delayed response to the request on availability, but I
would like to throw this out.

The ITU has developed a very generic framework for developing availability
definitions for network services independent of technology.

The defintion is spread out over several different documents. Logically, it
explains a method for developing definitions on availability. In the case of
IP networks, I can speculate that the defintions from the IPPM group would
be used to feed the upstream definitions. The upstream defintions could be
used to describe how the network is performing overtime. The IPPM metrics
supply a measurement set that records the state of the network at one point
in time. Multiple measurement sets would be rolled up and used to determine
"availabilty" overtime such as on a monthly or yearly basis.

regards
============================================
Robert Holley
Network Consulting Engineer
Global Solutions Engineering

Cisco Systems
7025 Kit Creek Road.
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Phone:  +1 919-392-2359
Pager:   +1 800-796-7363 pin 100-9187
============================================

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ippm-admin@advanced.org [mailto:ippm-admin@advanced.org]On Behalf
> Of Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 5:46 AM
> To: Henrik Holland
> Cc: IPPM IETF
> Subject: Re: [ippm] availability
>
>
> Hi Henrik,
>
> > This may not be directly IPPM but maybe some of you can help me. In
> > http://netperformance.genuity.com/documents/Methodology1.pdf I find:
> >
> > "The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) specifies that a network
> > element is "available" if it responds successfully to a minimum
> of 15 pings
> > out of 20 it receives."
> >
> > Can anyone tell me where (in what doc) the IETF specifies this?
>
> It is definitely not in any IPPM document.
>
> It would also be a very silly metric: if I'm accessing a device through
> protocol X, I want to know if it responds to that protocol, not if it
> responds to another protocol.
>
> Henk
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> ------------
> Henk Uijterwaal                    Email: henk.uijterwaal@ripe.net
> RIPE Network Coordination Centre     WWW: http://www.ripe.net/home/henk
> Singel 258                         Phone: +31.20.5354414
> 1016 AB Amsterdam                    Fax: +31.20.5354445
> The Netherlands                   Mobile: +31.6.55861746
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> ------------
>
> That problem that we weren't having yesterday, is it better? (Big ISP NOC)
>
> NOTE: My email address (and a hole in our mailing list software) is being
>       abused by a spammer.  We are working on fixing this hole
> and tracking
>       the spammer down.  If you receive mail from "henk@ripe.net" that is
>       obviously spam, please send me a copy of the mail including
> ALL headers.
>       I'm sorry for any inconvenience caused by this.
>
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@advanced.org
> http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
>

_______________________________________________
ippm mailing list
ippm@advanced.org
http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm


From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Thu Aug  1 09:11:25 2002
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From: Grotefeld Glenn-cecl03 <G.Grotefeld@motorola.com>
To: "'Robert Holley'" <rholley@cisco.com>,
        "Henk Uijterwaal \\(RIPE-NCC\\)"
	 <henk@ripe.net>,
        Henrik Holland <holland@tid.es>
Cc: IPPM IETF <ippm@advanced.org>
Subject: RE: [ippm] availability
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2002 08:03:26 -0500 
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However, I find most of the ITU documents so generic that the "devil is in
the details" of determining what constitutes pass/fail performance (again,
at least starting with E.800, the ITU approach is very much 0/1 on
performance).

> Glenn Grotefeld
> 
> Motorola, Inc.
> g.grotefeld@motorola.com
> US  847 435-0730
>       847 632-6800 FAX


-----Original Message-----
From: Robert Holley [mailto:rholley@cisco.com]
Sent: Thursday, August 01, 2002 7:32 AM
To: Henk Uijterwaal \(RIPE-NCC\); Henrik Holland
Cc: IPPM IETF
Subject: RE: [ippm] availability


Henrik,
Henk,

This is a somewhat delayed response to the request on availability, but I
would like to throw this out.

The ITU has developed a very generic framework for developing availability
definitions for network services independent of technology.

The defintion is spread out over several different documents. Logically, it
explains a method for developing definitions on availability. In the case of
IP networks, I can speculate that the defintions from the IPPM group would
be used to feed the upstream definitions. The upstream defintions could be
used to describe how the network is performing overtime. The IPPM metrics
supply a measurement set that records the state of the network at one point
in time. Multiple measurement sets would be rolled up and used to determine
"availabilty" overtime such as on a monthly or yearly basis.

regards
============================================
Robert Holley
Network Consulting Engineer
Global Solutions Engineering

Cisco Systems
7025 Kit Creek Road.
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Phone:  +1 919-392-2359
Pager:   +1 800-796-7363 pin 100-9187
============================================

> -----Original Message-----
> From: ippm-admin@advanced.org [mailto:ippm-admin@advanced.org]On Behalf
> Of Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)
> Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 5:46 AM
> To: Henrik Holland
> Cc: IPPM IETF
> Subject: Re: [ippm] availability
>
>
> Hi Henrik,
>
> > This may not be directly IPPM but maybe some of you can help me. In
> > http://netperformance.genuity.com/documents/Methodology1.pdf I find:
> >
> > "The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) specifies that a network
> > element is "available" if it responds successfully to a minimum
> of 15 pings
> > out of 20 it receives."
> >
> > Can anyone tell me where (in what doc) the IETF specifies this?
>
> It is definitely not in any IPPM document.
>
> It would also be a very silly metric: if I'm accessing a device through
> protocol X, I want to know if it responds to that protocol, not if it
> responds to another protocol.
>
> Henk
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> ------------
> Henk Uijterwaal                    Email: henk.uijterwaal@ripe.net
> RIPE Network Coordination Centre     WWW: http://www.ripe.net/home/henk
> Singel 258                         Phone: +31.20.5354414
> 1016 AB Amsterdam                    Fax: +31.20.5354445
> The Netherlands                   Mobile: +31.6.55861746
> ------------------------------------------------------------------
> ------------
>
> That problem that we weren't having yesterday, is it better? (Big ISP NOC)
>
> NOTE: My email address (and a hole in our mailing list software) is being
>       abused by a spammer.  We are working on fixing this hole
> and tracking
>       the spammer down.  If you receive mail from "henk@ripe.net" that is
>       obviously spam, please send me a copy of the mail including
> ALL headers.
>       I'm sorry for any inconvenience caused by this.
>
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@advanced.org
> http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
>

_______________________________________________
ippm mailing list
ippm@advanced.org
http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
_______________________________________________
ippm mailing list
ippm@advanced.org
http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm


From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Thu Aug  1 09:27:15 2002
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From: "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com>
To: "Grotefeld Glenn-cecl03" <G.Grotefeld@motorola.com>,
        "Henk Uijterwaal \\\(RIPE-NCC\\\)" <henk@ripe.net>,
        "Henrik Holland" <holland@tid.es>
Cc: "IPPM IETF" <ippm@advanced.org>
Subject: RE: [ippm] availability
Date: Thu, 1 Aug 2002 09:16:53 -0400
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True, details are problematic. However, in this case, the details of the
measurements are being provided by the IETF IPPM group. Which values of
those measurements consitute a pass/fail would be defined in an
"Availability Function". There can be provisional values recommended, but in
general the definition of the availability function is ultimiately left to
the administrator who deploys the system to monitor a network service. The
benitif of flexibility is that different administrator may have differnt
requirements for what constitutes a pass/fail condition.

After the pass/fail crieteria have been defined, they are applied to single
set of measurements on a single set of measurement end-points to determine
if that single set of measurements passes or fails.

The next level is the "Availability Performance".

The availability performance would define how often the set of measurements
should be collected, on how many and which endpoints collections should be
made, and after considering multiple sets of pass/fail data, what is the
availabilty over time for a service deployed across the network.


regards
============================================
Robert Holley
Network Consulting Engineer
Global Solutions Engineering

Cisco Systems
7025 Kit Creek Road.
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Phone:  +1 919-392-2359
Pager:   +1 800-796-7363 pin 100-9187
============================================


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Grotefeld Glenn-cecl03 [mailto:G.Grotefeld@motorola.com]
> Sent: Thursday, August 01, 2002 9:03 AM
> To: 'Robert Holley'; Henk Uijterwaal \(RIPE-NCC\); Henrik Holland
> Cc: IPPM IETF
> Subject: RE: [ippm] availability
>
>
> However, I find most of the ITU documents so generic that the "devil is in
> the details" of determining what constitutes pass/fail performance (again,
> at least starting with E.800, the ITU approach is very much 0/1 on
> performance).
>
> > Glenn Grotefeld
> >
> > Motorola, Inc.
> > g.grotefeld@motorola.com
> > US  847 435-0730
> >       847 632-6800 FAX
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Robert Holley [mailto:rholley@cisco.com]
> Sent: Thursday, August 01, 2002 7:32 AM
> To: Henk Uijterwaal \(RIPE-NCC\); Henrik Holland
> Cc: IPPM IETF
> Subject: RE: [ippm] availability
>
>
> Henrik,
> Henk,
>
> This is a somewhat delayed response to the request on availability, but I
> would like to throw this out.
>
> The ITU has developed a very generic framework for developing availability
> definitions for network services independent of technology.
>
> The defintion is spread out over several different documents.
> Logically, it
> explains a method for developing definitions on availability. In
> the case of
> IP networks, I can speculate that the defintions from the IPPM group would
> be used to feed the upstream definitions. The upstream defintions could be
> used to describe how the network is performing overtime. The IPPM metrics
> supply a measurement set that records the state of the network at
> one point
> in time. Multiple measurement sets would be rolled up and used to
> determine
> "availabilty" overtime such as on a monthly or yearly basis.
>
> regards
> ============================================
> Robert Holley
> Network Consulting Engineer
> Global Solutions Engineering
>
> Cisco Systems
> 7025 Kit Creek Road.
> Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
> Phone:  +1 919-392-2359
> Pager:   +1 800-796-7363 pin 100-9187
> ============================================
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: ippm-admin@advanced.org [mailto:ippm-admin@advanced.org]On Behalf
> > Of Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)
> > Sent: Friday, July 12, 2002 5:46 AM
> > To: Henrik Holland
> > Cc: IPPM IETF
> > Subject: Re: [ippm] availability
> >
> >
> > Hi Henrik,
> >
> > > This may not be directly IPPM but maybe some of you can help me. In
> > > http://netperformance.genuity.com/documents/Methodology1.pdf I find:
> > >
> > > "The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) specifies that a network
> > > element is "available" if it responds successfully to a minimum
> > of 15 pings
> > > out of 20 it receives."
> > >
> > > Can anyone tell me where (in what doc) the IETF specifies this?
> >
> > It is definitely not in any IPPM document.
> >
> > It would also be a very silly metric: if I'm accessing a device through
> > protocol X, I want to know if it responds to that protocol, not if it
> > responds to another protocol.
> >
> > Henk
> >
> >
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> > ------------
> > Henk Uijterwaal                    Email: henk.uijterwaal@ripe.net
> > RIPE Network Coordination Centre     WWW: http://www.ripe.net/home/henk
> > Singel 258                         Phone: +31.20.5354414
> > 1016 AB Amsterdam                    Fax: +31.20.5354445
> > The Netherlands                   Mobile: +31.6.55861746
> > ------------------------------------------------------------------
> > ------------
> >
> > That problem that we weren't having yesterday, is it better?
> (Big ISP NOC)
> >
> > NOTE: My email address (and a hole in our mailing list
> software) is being
> >       abused by a spammer.  We are working on fixing this hole
> > and tracking
> >       the spammer down.  If you receive mail from
> "henk@ripe.net" that is
> >       obviously spam, please send me a copy of the mail including
> > ALL headers.
> >       I'm sorry for any inconvenience caused by this.
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > ippm mailing list
> > ippm@advanced.org
> > http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
> >
>
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@advanced.org
> http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
>

_______________________________________________
ippm mailing list
ippm@advanced.org
http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm


From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Thu Aug  1 12:00:36 2002
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Subject: [ippm] IPPM REPORTING MIB data model: Inter table index
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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hi,
During the meeting on the compliance of the MIB to the SMI with Andy,
Matt and Merike it appeared that the relation among ippmMeasureTable,
the ippmNetworkMeasure and the ippmAggreggatedMeasure is not explained
enought.

The ippmMeasureTable may be considered as a virtual table with 2
childrens ippmNetworkMeasure  and ippmAggreggatedMeasure. Both of them
extend the ippmMeasureTable using a sparse dependent relationship.

The following document explain the different kind of relationship. The
section "2.2 Sparse Dependent Relationship" corresponds to the model
used in the IPPM REPORTING MIB.

As an example, the index of the table ippmNetworkMeasureTable (same for
ippmAggregatedMeasureTable ) refer to fields which are part of the
definition of ippmMeasureTable:

ippmNetworkMeasureEntry OBJECT-TYPE
	SYNTAX     IppmNetworkMeasureEntry
	MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
	STATUS     current
	DESCRIPTION
	""
	INDEX { ippmMeasureOwner, ippmMeasureIndex }

It means that the creation of an ippmNetworkMeasureEntry creates an
ippmMeasureEntry too.

The goal is to permit future tables to be defined if needed while
preserving the consistency with the existing tables.

regards
Emile

> -----Message d'origine-----
> De : Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC) [mailto:henk@ripe.net]
> Envoye : mercredi 31 juillet 2002 14:51
> A : STEPHAN Emile FTRD/DAC/LAN
> Cc : ippm@advanced.org; shalunov@internet2.edu
> Objet : Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and
> ippmmib
>=20
>=20
> Emile, others,
>=20
>=20
> > Regarding the clock with "no notion of external=20
> synchronization for the
> > time source (e.g., a cesium oscillator is used directly)"=20
> what may be
> > the corresponding state ?
>=20
> I'd think that the condition for synchronized is that the=20
> clocks on both
> sending and receiving end are synchronized to one and the=20
> same source, and
> it is thus impossible for one to drift away from the other.
>=20
> So, a cesium clock connected to a PC but not to anything else, is
> unsynchronized, a cesium clock connected to a PC and to (say)=20
> a clock at a
> standards institute, is synchronized.
>=20
> > are there other states to discuss now(e.g. such as 'fail') ?
>=20
> Isn't this implementation dependent?  For the MIB/OWDP, we=20
> need 3 states:
>=20
>   * Unsynchronized
>   * Synchronized
>   * Other
>=20
> Other covering any state not being synchronized or=20
> unsynchronized, leaving
> it up to the implementor to decide what to do next.
>=20
> I don't think that there is a need for a "initializing"=20
> state, it is too
> generic and the behaviour of the clock during initialization=20
> varies from
> one hardware vendor to the other.  Or to be more precise, for our
> equipment, we use GPS clocks from 2 different vendors and they behave
> completely different from the moment they are switched on until they
> have synchronized themselves.  The same happens when=20
> something goes wrong
> (for example, the cable antenna is cut).
>=20
> Henk
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> >
> > ippmSynchonizationState OBJECT-TYPE
> > 	SYNTAX INTEGER  {
> > 		other(0),
> > 		unsynchronized(1),
> > 		initializing(2),
> > 		synchronized(4)
> > 	}
> > 	MAX-ACCESS read-only
> > 	STATUS     current
> > 	DESCRIPTION
> > " ippmSynchonizationState describes the state of the clock
> > synchronization.
> >
> >
> > Other(0)
> > The status of the synchronization is unknown.
> >
> > unsynchronized(1)
> > The system is not synchronized.
> >
> > initializing(2)
> > The system is receiving synchronization information but is not yet
> > synchronized.
> >
> > synchronized(4)
> > The system is synchronized.
> > "
> >
> > regards
> > Emile
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > ippm mailing list
> > ippm@advanced.org
> > http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
> >
>=20
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> ----------------
> Henk Uijterwaal                    Email: henk.uijterwaal@ripe.net
> RIPE Network Coordination Centre     WWW:=20
> http://www.ripe.net/home/henk
> Singel 258                         Phone: +31.20.5354414
> 1016 AB Amsterdam                    Fax: +31.20.5354445
> The Netherlands                   Mobile: +31.6.55861746
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> ----------------
>=20
> That problem that we weren't having yesterday, is it better?=20
> (Big ISP NOC)
>=20
> NOTE: My email address (and a hole in our mailing list=20
> software) is being
>       abused by a spammer.  We are working on fixing this=20
> hole and tracking
>       the spammer down.  If you receive mail from=20
> "henk@ripe.net" that is
>       obviously spam, please send me a copy of the mail=20
> including ALL headers.
>       I'm sorry for any inconvenience caused by this.
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug  2 03:43:00 2002
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To: "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com>
Cc: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm  mib
References: <AOEEKIJDFDEJBIPPDENFOEEPDKAA.rholley@cisco.com>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 02 Aug 2002 03:41:10 -0400
In-Reply-To: <AOEEKIJDFDEJBIPPDENFOEEPDKAA.rholley@cisco.com>
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"Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com> writes:

> The sender can know where the reciever gets it time source. The
> information is maintained in the NTP MIB. This may be accessed by
> the "separate communication channel" reference in the thread below.

The measurement protocol has to work for clocks that are not
disciplined using NTP.  (For example, Surveyor normally goes across a
PCI bus to a GPS receiver each time it needs a timestamp.)

Even in a world where each clock is disciplined using NTP, NTP source
will only tell you the immediate parent.  Running ntptrace for each
packet isn't an option (and ntptrace doesn't always work).

Even if running ntptrace for each packet were an option, not getting
to the same ultimate parent means what?  It's obviously perfectly OK
to use, e.g., two different (local to each host) GPS cards for the
sender and the receiver.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

"You wake me up early in the morning to tell me I am right?  Please
wait until I am wrong."	-- John von Neumann, on being phoned at 10 a.m.
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug  2 03:48:35 2002
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To: "Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net>
Cc: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm   mib
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0207312045030.4666-100000@cow.ripe.net>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 02 Aug 2002 03:47:09 -0400
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0207312045030.4666-100000@cow.ripe.net>
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"Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net> writes:

> [...] I'd put a flag in the packet when it is sent indicating the
> status of the clock at the sender.  The packet is then received by
> the receiver, the receiver looks at its clock and tags the packet
> accordingly: both clock synchronized so a valid (delay) measurement,
> one or two clocks unsynchronized and a non-valid (delay)
> measurement.

There's a `synchronized' flag in each packet now and what you describe
is one way of using it.  (The receiver is supposed to store its own
timestamp with its own `synchronized' flag and the data user --
whoever it happens to be -- may choose to discard packets such that at
least one of the `synchronized' flags isn't set or it might treat
these packets differently or ignore the issue altogether.)

The question is -- I suppose -- about the following language in
draft-ietf-ippm-owdp-04.txt:

# if there is no notion of external synchronization for the time source
# (e.g., a cesium oscillator is used directly), the bit SHOULD be set.

Should this language be changed, in your opinion?  If so, how?

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

A fool's brain digests philosophy into folly, science into superstition,
and art into pedantry.  Hence University education.       -- G. B. Shaw
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug  2 03:54:49 2002
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To: "STEPHAN Emile FTRD/DAC/LAN" <emile.stephan@rd.francetelecom.com>
Cc: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: 'initializing'
References: <F58512ECC1A14B4C92984DC38FFF4B8092F63F@LANMHS20.rd.francetelecom.fr>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 02 Aug 2002 03:51:48 -0400
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"STEPHAN Emile FTRD/DAC/LAN" <emile.stephan@rd.francetelecom.com> writes:

> 	Management systems need generic state to decide when the
> measure issued = from the probes may be used or not to compute
> trustable results.
> 
> the 'initializing' state is generic enough to describe that they are
> not = yet synchrnized and that they consider to gain the
> synchronized state = soon.=20

How soon?

If I was getting the time from my GPS card and I am in the process of
switching to a stratum 1 backup because the window is temporarily
blocked, am I `initializing'?

If I only can get time from my GPS card, boot up and start up ntpd,
but the antenna is disconnected, am I `initializing'?  It might take
me a day or two to synchronize.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

"Which one is worse?  Both are worse."		-- V. I. Lenin
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From: "Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net>
To: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm  
 mib
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Stas,

> "Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net> writes:
>
> > [...] I'd put a flag in the packet when it is sent indicating the
> > status of the clock at the sender.  The packet is then received by
> > the receiver, the receiver looks at its clock and tags the packet
> > accordingly: both clock synchronized so a valid (delay) measurement,
> > one or two clocks unsynchronized and a non-valid (delay)
> > measurement.
>
> There's a `synchronized' flag in each packet now and what you describe
> is one way of using it.  (The receiver is supposed to store its own
> timestamp with its own `synchronized' flag and the data user --
> whoever it happens to be -- may choose to discard packets such that at
> least one of the `synchronized' flags isn't set or it might treat
> these packets differently or ignore the issue altogether.)
>
> The question is -- I suppose -- about the following language in
> draft-ietf-ippm-owdp-04.txt:
>
> # if there is no notion of external synchronization for the time source
> # (e.g., a cesium oscillator is used directly), the bit SHOULD be set.
>
> Should this language be changed, in your opinion?  If so, how?

I'd say "SHOULD NOT" and remove the "(e.g. a cesium ... directly)" as it
will be very confusing.

The issue is if 2 time-stamps from different devices can be be directly
compared.  That is not the case without some sort of synchronization to a
common source known to both devices.

It would perhaps be easier to call this bit "Synchronized to UTC".  While
you can do measurements without being sync'd to UTC, I'd think that one
will only do this in a lab environment, not in a network of distributed
measurement devices.

Henk

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug  2 09:39:10 2002
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From: "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com>
To: "stanislav shalunov" <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Cc: <ippm@advanced.org>
Subject: RE: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm  mib
Date: Fri, 2 Aug 2002 09:36:27 -0400
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Stanislav,

In your example, the Surveyor system would be considered an "authoritative
source" since it obtains it time from a GPS. But that is very implementation
specific. What if a system has a GPS, but only checks it once a day or less
(perhaps on initialization). Then it is dependent on the accuracy and
resolution of the system clock (high/low or malfunction) quality may drift
from true time.

In the Internet time synch network, authoritative servers that provide
synchronization to a sizeable population of clients normally operate as a
group of three or more mutually redundant servers, each operating with three
or more stratum 1 or stratum 2 servers in client/server modes, as well as
all other members of the group in symmetric modes. This provides protection
against malfunctions in which one or more servers fail to operate or provide
incorrect time.

In other words, even with the presence of stratum 1 servers, the time is
compared with other stratum 1 servers for protection.

So, even though a system may be connected to a GPS, it is not a guarantee
that it will provide true time.

It is reasonable to say that running ntptrace is not practical. But it may
be practical to say that the end-point needs to support ntpd so that it can
DESCRIBE its synchronization state in clear and well defined terms.

Even if it is an authoritative source (e.g. GPS) and it is the only node in
the synch tree, using ntpd, it will be able to accurately describe it's
state wrt time and provide sufficient information to infer whether the time
should be "trusted".

NTP is the current state-of-the-art with regards to describing time in a
network environment.

Since a critical component of this work is a concept of agreement in time
between two network clocks, it seems reasonable that utilization of NTP
concepts should be a requirement.

If IPPM is expected to work with systems that are not disciplined by using a
well known system as NTP, then an alternative mechanism would be needed to
insure credibility of the measurements.

I suggest that it would be a simpler implementation effort, if it was
accepted that the current NTP concepts be utilized and required.

Even using NTP, a problem still exists. Namely what is the algorithm and
which NTP parameters should be collected and deemed sufficient for a Server
to validate that the collected IPPM data is accurate?

regards
============================================
Robert Holley
Network Consulting Engineer
Global Solutions Engineering

Cisco Systems
7025 Kit Creek Road.
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Phone:  +1 919-392-2359
Pager:   +1 800-796-7363 pin 100-9187
============================================


> -----Original Message-----
> From: stanislav shalunov [mailto:shalunov@internet2.edu]
> Sent: Friday, August 02, 2002 3:41 AM
> To: Robert Holley
> Cc: ippm@advanced.org
> Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and
> ippm mib
>
>
> "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com> writes:
>
> > The sender can know where the reciever gets it time source. The
> > information is maintained in the NTP MIB. This may be accessed by
> > the "separate communication channel" reference in the thread below.
>
> The measurement protocol has to work for clocks that are not
> disciplined using NTP.  (For example, Surveyor normally goes across a
> PCI bus to a GPS receiver each time it needs a timestamp.)
>
> Even in a world where each clock is disciplined using NTP, NTP source
> will only tell you the immediate parent.  Running ntptrace for each
> packet isn't an option (and ntptrace doesn't always work).
>
> Even if running ntptrace for each packet were an option, not getting
> to the same ultimate parent means what?  It's obviously perfectly OK
> to use, e.g., two different (local to each host) GPS cards for the
> sender and the receiver.
>
> --
> Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/
>
> "You wake me up early in the morning to tell me I am right?  Please
> wait until I am wrong."	-- John von Neumann, on being
> phoned at 10 a.m.
>

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug  2 10:16:02 2002
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To: "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com>
Cc: <ippm@advanced.org>
Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm  mib
References: <AOEEKIJDFDEJBIPPDENFCEGDDKAA.rholley@cisco.com>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 02 Aug 2002 10:13:00 -0400
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"Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com> writes:

> [...] the end-point needs to support ntpd so that it can DESCRIBE
> its synchronization state in clear and well defined terms.

So you want to make running NTP a prerequisite to running OWAMP.
This would be a reversal of decisions made on this list in February
2001 (http://mailhost.advanced.org/archives/ippm/2001-February/001308.html
and its thread).

I don't see a compelling case to make a little Ethernet switch that
might run OWAMP run NTP as well.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

"Nuclear war can ruin your whole compile."          -- Karl Lehenbauer
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To: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm    mib
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0208021131100.11203-100000@x49.ripe.net>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 02 Aug 2002 10:20:36 -0400
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"Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net> writes:

> I'd say "SHOULD NOT" and remove the "(e.g. a cesium ... directly)" as it
> will be very confusing.

Henk,

I agree.  Thanks for the text suggestion.  Is this what you wanted to
see?  It works for me.

diff -u -r1.39 draft-ietf-ippm-owdp.nroff
--- draft-ietf-ippm-owdp.nroff  24 Jul 2002 15:50:26 -0000      1.39
+++ draft-ietf-ippm-owdp.nroff  2 Aug 2002 14:17:21 -0000
@@ -979,13 +979,13 @@
 bits of the timestamp would be the same as the corresponding bits of
 NTP v3 timestamp).  The remaining octet specifies synchronization and
 precision.  The first bit is set if the party generating the timestamp has
-a clock that is synchronized to an external source (e.g., the
+a clock that is synchronized to UTC using an external source (e.g., the
 bit should be set if GPS hardware is used and it indicates that it has
 acquired current position and time or if NTP is used and it indicates
 that it has synchronized to an external source, which includes stratum
 0 source, etc.); if there is no notion of external synchronization for
-the time source (e.g., a cesium oscillator is used directly),
-the bit SHOULD be set.  The next bit is currently unused and may be
+the time source,
+the bit SHOULD NOT be set.  The next bit is currently unused and may be
 set to an arbitrary value.  The remaining six bits form an unsigned
 integer, which is the number of bits in the time-specifying main part
 of the timestamp that the party generating timestamp believes to be

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

Sex is the mathematics urge sublimated.                 -- M. C. Reed.
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug  2 11:29:46 2002
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From: "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com>
To: "stanislav shalunov" <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Cc: <ippm@advanced.org>
Subject: RE: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm  mib
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Stanislav,

Thanks for the historical perspective. I'm reading through the thread now.

In general I feel that if one wishes his opinions to be considered, then
they should be offered at the appropriate time.

If this was decided in Feb 2001 and if there are not very compelling reasons
to re-visit the issue, then I would agree that the status quo should be
unchanged.

regards
Bob

> -----Original Message-----
> From: stanislav shalunov [mailto:shalunov@internet2.edu]
> Sent: Friday, August 02, 2002 10:13 AM
> To: Robert Holley
> Cc: ippm@advanced.org
> Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and
> ippm mib
>
>
> "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com> writes:
>
> > [...] the end-point needs to support ntpd so that it can DESCRIBE
> > its synchronization state in clear and well defined terms.
>
> So you want to make running NTP a prerequisite to running OWAMP.
> This would be a reversal of decisions made on this list in February
> 2001 (http://mailhost.advanced.org/archives/ippm/2001-February/001308.html
> and its thread).
>
> I don't see a compelling case to make a little Ethernet switch that
> might run OWAMP run NTP as well.
>
> --
> Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/
>
> "Nuclear war can ruin your whole compile."          -- Karl Lehenbauer
>

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CALL FOR PAPERS
IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS (ICC 2003)
11-15 MAY 2003 -- ANCHORAGE, ALASKA
http://www.icc2003.com


*********************************************************************
**** Extended Submission Deadline: August 15, 2002 (11.59pm EST) ****
*********************************************************************


The conference will consist of Tutorials, Workshop, Business Applications 
Sessions, and Technical Sessions. The Technical Sessions are structured as 
part  of a GENERAL CONFERENCE and eight planned Symposia that will be held 
simultaneously.


SYMPOSIA TOPICS

   * Optical Networking
   * Communication Theory
   * Next Generation Internet
   * Broadband Wireless & Satellite Communication Systems
   * Advance Signal Processing for Communications
   * Communication QoS, Reliability, and Performance Modeling
   * Global Services and Infrastructure for Next Generation Networks
   * Personal Communication Systems and Wireless LANs


ICC 2003 is soliciting original papers describing 
state-of-the-art  research and development in all areas of communications 
and networking. Proposals for business application sessions, panels, 
tutorials, and workshops (OTHER THAN THE ABOVE SYMPOSIA) should be 
submitted to the respective chairs.

E-mail contacts of the chairs and more details about the conference and
paper submission instructions can be found at http://www.icc2003.com
Manuscript deadline (extended): 15 AUGUST 2002

[our apologies if you receive more than one copy of this email]

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From: "Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net>
To: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
cc: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm  
  mib
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On 2 Aug 2002, stanislav shalunov wrote:

> "Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net> writes:
>
> > I'd say "SHOULD NOT" and remove the "(e.g. a cesium ... directly)" as it
> > will be very confusing.
>
> Henk,
>
> I agree.  Thanks for the text suggestion.  Is this what you wanted to
> see?  It works for me.

I think so, but can you send me the whole text.  I'm having trouble
applying this diff to the text ;-(

Henk


>
> diff -u -r1.39 draft-ietf-ippm-owdp.nroff
> --- draft-ietf-ippm-owdp.nroff  24 Jul 2002 15:50:26 -0000      1.39
> +++ draft-ietf-ippm-owdp.nroff  2 Aug 2002 14:17:21 -0000
> @@ -979,13 +979,13 @@
>  bits of the timestamp would be the same as the corresponding bits of
>  NTP v3 timestamp).  The remaining octet specifies synchronization and
>  precision.  The first bit is set if the party generating the timestamp has
> -a clock that is synchronized to an external source (e.g., the
> +a clock that is synchronized to UTC using an external source (e.g., the
>  bit should be set if GPS hardware is used and it indicates that it has
>  acquired current position and time or if NTP is used and it indicates
>  that it has synchronized to an external source, which includes stratum
>  0 source, etc.); if there is no notion of external synchronization for
> -the time source (e.g., a cesium oscillator is used directly),
> -the bit SHOULD be set.  The next bit is currently unused and may be
> +the time source,
> +the bit SHOULD NOT be set.  The next bit is currently unused and may be
>  set to an arbitrary value.  The remaining six bits form an unsigned
>  integer, which is the number of bits in the time-specifying main part
>  of the timestamp that the party generating timestamp believes to be
>
> --
> Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/
>
> Sex is the mathematics urge sublimated.                 -- M. C. Reed.
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@advanced.org
> http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
>

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Singel 258                         Phone: +31.20.5354414
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That problem that we weren't having yesterday, is it better? (Big ISP NOC)

NOTE: My email address (and a hole in our mailing list software) is being
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Thu Aug  8 01:05:40 2002
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To: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] Re: draft-ietf-ippm-owmetric-as-00.txt
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0207041033300.22628-100000@x49.ripe.net>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 08 Aug 2002 01:03:28 -0400
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Sorry about letting this sit in my queue for so long.

"Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net> writes:

> > Section 3.4 `Test duration' makes an assertion about desirability of
> > continuous monitoring that on the surface is obvious but in fact
> > involves a subtle trade-off with ability to differentiate between
> > losses and measurement device failures when periods of extended losses
> > are involved.
> 
> I'm not quite sure if I understand this comment.

Suppose you want to conduct a measurement session from A to B.  B
stops receiving packets after a certain time and does not receive them
for an hour (or a minute, or a day).  Were these packets lost or did A
crash?  There's no sure way to tell, of course, but if you have
measurement *sessions* with certain limited duriation then if no
contact can be made with the host when the session ends, you will have
to assume (conservatively) that A crashed.

> > Section 3.5 `Data volumes' appears to fail to explain why the
> > measurement traffic needs to be low volume.  In fact, for some
> > measurements it needs to be low and for some it must be comparable
> > with link capacity.
> 
> Such as?

One-way delay -> low traffic load.

Many `available capacity' measurements -> high traffic load.

Reordering at line rate with a standing queue -> very high traffic load.

(Probably don't want to do the last one on a production network,
unless it's yours; but what if it is yours and it's December 31 and
you only have five nines availability SLAs, no downtime this year, and
great curiousity?  Or what if the network isn't production?  What if
it temporarily has no users for whatever reason?)

> > It should be made clear that specific metrics (such as one-way loss and
> > delay) and specific methodology is discussed. Further, the number 3% is
> > pulled out of the hat: 300Mb/s of active delay and loss measurement
> > traffic on a 10Gb/s network is surely excessive, isn't it?
> 
> Yes and no. The 3% number comes from discussions with providers, who
> typically claim that "using a few percent" of the total capacity to
> monitor the performance of their equipment.  If you have a better
> number, then I'd like to hear it. Also see section 3.1, if we send
> 3% of 10 Gb/s measurement traffic, will we see all interesting
> variations in traffic?

As with any survey:  What was the exact question asked?  Surely, it was
not `I would like to send traffic into your network (I'll also record
some statistics).  I'm prepared to pay your normal transit rates.  How
much can I send?', was it?

Also, our network on many weeks exceeds 3% for active measurement
(because of available capacity measurements).  Are we in violation of
something?

> > Section 5.0 `Reporting the IPDV metric' says that `the distribution
> > generally is not Gaussian and the sigma is not well defined'.  Many
> > non-Gaussian distributions happen to have finite standard deviation.
> > Reporting standard deviation makes sense for more than Gaussian
> > distribution, too.
> 
> Yes.  However, look in our latest PAM paper (or wait until my Yokohama
> presentation) to see some of the typical IPDV distributions.  Reporting
> sigma for these distributions simply doesn't make sense.

I don't disagree with the need to report IPDV stuff in a way that's
different from, e.g., delay.  The justification, however, is worded in
a way that implies a mathematical claim (that the distribution has to
be Gaussian for the standard deviation to be defined).  The IPPM
participants (with the exception of the possibly empty subset that is
not familiar with the definition of standard deviation) understand
what was meant, but an edit might decrease the probability of someone
assuming that the document makes this claim about non-Gaussian
distributions.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

A fool's brain digests philosophy into folly, science into superstition,
and art into pedantry.  Hence University education.       -- G. B. Shaw
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Thu Aug  8 06:19:21 2002
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From: "Robert Holley" <rholley@cisco.com>
To: <ippm@advanced.org>
Subject: RE: [ippm] Synchonization state: consistency among owdp and ippm  mib
Date: Thu, 8 Aug 2002 06:09:37 -0400
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Stanislav,

I've read through the email thread referenced in your earlier message (a few
times) and let me make sure I have a clear view of the discussion.

1. A system reports its time, synch method and precision to another system.
2. Since we cannot be "all knowing", we have to assume the information
reported by the system is correct (i.e. no malicious or unintentional
mis-information in the time report).
3. Based on that information, we can make a reasonable decision on if the
measurement data is acceptably accurate.

If this summarizes the conclusions from the email thread, then it seems to
be a reasonable and practical approach.

regards
============================================
Robert Holley
Network Consulting Engineer
Global Solutions Engineering

Cisco Systems
7025 Kit Creek Road.
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Phone:  +1 919-392-2359
Pager:   +1 800-796-7363 pin 100-9187
============================================

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug  9 10:06:32 2002
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To: matt@advanced.org, kaeo@merike.com
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Reply-To: mankin@psg.com
Date: Fri, 09 Aug 2002 04:31:53 -0700
From: Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com>
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Subject: [ippm] IESG approved two IPPM documents - also two questions
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IPPM folks,

In yesterday's IESG call, two metrics i-ds you had forwarded,
IP Delay Variation Metric and Periodic Streams, were passed
as Proposed Standards.  Congratulations!

It turns out that the i-d lengths were such that they should have
Table of Contents and also both chairs and I missed their non-
split refs.  So chairs, can you work with authors to make just these
fixes (no others)?  I'm airing this to the list, so everyone will
know exactly what goes on :)

We now split references into Normative and Informative to help
with RFC 2026 process.

The approvals will be announced as soon as iesg-secretary and I
get cc'd on submission of the rev'd drafts.

The two more general questions we had were:

1.
Should we establish an IANA registry of IPPM metric names?  I am
not sure if there is any prospect of collison of use of these names,
but would there be a value to having registry of the metrics for
information and clarity in some sense?  Perhaps the chairs can 
lead discussion on this, or perhaps this has been discussed in the past?

2. 
Should the Framework be extended to encompass the new metrics that
the charter has recently added?  

Comments on the list would be well-appreciated.

Best regards,

Allison

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Wed Aug 14 15:05:10 2002
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Subject: RE: [ippm] IESG approved two IPPM documents - also two questions
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From: "STEPHAN Emile FTRD/DAC/LAN" <emile.stephan@rd.francetelecom.com>
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hi Allison,

regarding Q1:

The registry have been separated from the IPPM MIB to permit other MIBs
(typically RMON GW MIB) to refer to IPPM metrics through pre defined
OBJECT IDENTIFIER. Actually that associates definitively the metric name
to the OBJECT IDENTIFIER. It permits the integration of standard metrics
definition in NMS.

regards
Emile



> -----Message d'origine-----
> De : Allison Mankin [mailto:mankin@psg.com]
> Envoye : vendredi 9 aout 2002 13:32
> A : matt@advanced.org; kaeo@merike.com
> Cc : ippm@advanced.org
> Objet : [ippm] IESG approved two IPPM documents - also two questions
> 
> 
> IPPM folks,
> 
> In yesterday's IESG call, two metrics i-ds you had forwarded,
> IP Delay Variation Metric and Periodic Streams, were passed
> as Proposed Standards.  Congratulations!
> 
> It turns out that the i-d lengths were such that they should have
> Table of Contents and also both chairs and I missed their non-
> split refs.  So chairs, can you work with authors to make just these
> fixes (no others)?  I'm airing this to the list, so everyone will
> know exactly what goes on :)
> 
> We now split references into Normative and Informative to help
> with RFC 2026 process.
> 
> The approvals will be announced as soon as iesg-secretary and I
> get cc'd on submission of the rev'd drafts.
> 
> The two more general questions we had were:
> 
> 1.
> Should we establish an IANA registry of IPPM metric names?  I am
> not sure if there is any prospect of collison of use of these names,
> but would there be a value to having registry of the metrics for
> information and clarity in some sense?  Perhaps the chairs can 
> lead discussion on this, or perhaps this has been discussed 
> in the past?
> 
> 2. 
> Should the Framework be extended to encompass the new metrics that
> the charter has recently added?  
> 
> Comments on the list would be well-appreciated.
> 
> Best regards,
> 
> Allison
> 
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@advanced.org
> http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
> 

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Subject: RE: [ippm] IPPM REPORTING MIB UTC Synchonization state
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From: "STEPHAN Emile FTRD/DAC/LAN" <emile.stephan@rd.francetelecom.com>
To: "stanislav shalunov" <shalunov@internet2.edu>,
        "Henk Uijterwaal (RIPE-NCC)" <henk@ripe.net>
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Date: Tue, 13 Aug 2002 00:15:59 +0200
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Hi Henk, Stan

from my point of  view the semantic of the bit S has to be clarify. 
It has to indicate clealy that the probe has no external time reference;
It has to indicate the synchronisation state of the clock used to
timestamp the packet send by the source: The results of the measure have
to describe the variation of the state of network, not the uncertainty
of the clock.

As the semantic of the states have to be the same in the IPPM REPORTING
MIB and OWAMP I propose that we modify the ippmSynchonizationState
definition during the discution.

	ippmUTCSynchonizationState OBJECT-TYPE
	SYNTAX INTEGER  {
		other(0),
		unsynchronized(1),
		synchronizing(2),
		synchronized(4)
	}
	MAX-ACCESS read-only
	STATUS     current
	DESCRIPTION
" ippmUTCSynchonizationState describes the state of the clock
synchronization.
The states not managed must be listed in the object
ippmSystemSynchonizationDescription. 

The following state machine is proposed:

--- other -----------    ------- unsynchronized --------
       |                               ^
       |                               |
  External clock                       |
  reference                    synchronization done 
  on board                     in a duration > to
       |                       ippmSynchronizationTimeout
       |                               |
       |                               |
       V                               |
 --- synchronizing ---------------------------------------
       |                               ^    
       |                               |    
       |                               |      
 synchronization done           synchronization
 in a duration < to               lost
 ippmSynchronizationTimeout            |
       |                               |
       |                               |
       |                               |
       V                               |
 --- synchronized ---------------------------------------

Other(0)
The status of the synchronization is unknown.
example: 
	A clock not synchronized to an external clock is 'Other'.

unsynchronized(1)
The system is not synchronized. 
example:
	The probe can only get time from a GPS card but the antenna is
disconnected.

synchronizing(2) 
The system is receiving synchronization information but is not yet
synchronized. 
example:
The synchonisation task switch to a stratum 1 backup because the window
is temporarily blocked.


synchronized(4) 
The system is synchronized. 
"


regards
Emile

> -----Message d'origine-----
> De : stanislav shalunov [mailto:shalunov@internet2.edu]
> Envoye : vendredi 2 aout 2002 09:52
> A : STEPHAN Emile FTRD/DAC/LAN
> Cc : ippm@advanced.org
> Objet : Re: [ippm] Synchonization state: 'initializing'
> 
> 
> "STEPHAN Emile FTRD/DAC/LAN" 
> <emile.stephan@rd.francetelecom.com> writes:
> 
> > 	Management systems need generic state to decide when the
> > measure issued = from the probes may be used or not to compute
> > trustable results.
> > 
> > the 'initializing' state is generic enough to describe that they are
> > not = yet synchrnized and that they consider to gain the
> > synchronized state = soon.=20
> 
> How soon?
> 
> If I was getting the time from my GPS card and I am in the process of
> switching to a stratum 1 backup because the window is temporarily
> blocked, am I `initializing'?
> 
> If I only can get time from my GPS card, boot up and start up ntpd,
> but the antenna is disconnected, am I `initializing'?  It might take
> me a day or two to synchronize.
> 
> -- 
> Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/
> 
> "Which one is worse?  Both are worse."		-- V. I. Lenin
> 

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Wed Aug 14 15:52:37 2002
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To: ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] IPPM REPORTING MIB UTC Synchonization state
References: <F58512ECC1A14B4C92984DC38FFF4B8092FAB8@LANMHS20.rd.francetelecom.fr>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
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Date: 12 Aug 2002 18:28:41 -0400

"STEPHAN Emile FTRD/DAC/LAN" <emile.stephan@rd.francetelecom.com> writes:

> 		other(0),
> 		unsynchronized(1),
> 		synchronizing(2),
> 		synchronized(4)

Emile,

I don't see the difference between the first three states (other,
unsynchronized, and synchronizing).

What exactly is `other'?

How is synchronizing different from unsynchronized?  If the difference
is that synchronizing plans to become synchronized at some future time
while unsynchronized makes a promise to never ever become
synchronized, then why would anyone possibly care to know it?  A
synchronizing clock is still unsynchronized.  There's no indication
when it will become synchronized.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

Religion is the opium of them asses.		--Karlm Arx
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug 16 14:39:29 2002
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To: emile.stephan@rd.francetelecom.com
cc: matt@advanced.org, kaeo@merike.com, abierman@cisco.com, ippm@advanced.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] IESG approved two IPPM documents - also two questions 
From: Allison Mankin <mankin@psg.com>
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Date: Sun, 11 Aug 2002 18:12:15 -0700

Emile,

Hmm, when I asked about an IANA registry, mib registration
hadn't come to mind, but it's an interesting point to be
kept in mind as you continue the work.

Thanks,

Allison


> hi Allison,
> 
> regarding Q1:
> 
> The registry have been separated from the IPPM MIB to permit other MIBs
> (typically RMON GW MIB) to refer to IPPM metrics through pre defined
> OBJECT IDENTIFIER. Actually that associates definitively the metric name
> to the OBJECT IDENTIFIER. It permits the integration of standard metrics
> definition in NMS.
> 
> regards
> Emile

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Subject: [ippm] RFC 3357 on One-way Loss Pattern Sample Metrics
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Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2002 16:48:10 -0700


--NextPart


A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.


        RFC 3357

        Title:	    One-way Loss Pattern Sample Metrics
        Author(s):  R. Koodli, R. Ravikanth
        Status:	    Informational
	Date:       August 2002
        Mailbox:    rajeev.koodli@nokia.com, rravikanth@axiowave.com 
        Pages:      15
        Characters: 30570
        Updates/Obsoletes/SeeAlso:  None

        I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-ippm-loss-pattern-07.txt

        URL:        ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3357.txt


Using the base loss metric defined in RFC 2680, this document defines
two derived metrics "loss distance" and "loss period", and the
associated statistics that together capture loss patterns experienced
by packet streams on the Internet.  The Internet exhibits certain
specific types of behavior (e.g., bursty packet loss) that can affect
the performance seen by the users as well as the operators.  The loss
pattern or loss distribution is a key parameter that determines the
performance observed by the users for certain real-time applications
such as packet voice and video.  For the same loss rate, two different
loss distributions could potentially produce widely different
perceptions of performance.

This document is a product of the IP Performance Metrics Working Group
of the IETF.

This memo provides information for the Internet community.  It does
not specify an Internet standard of any kind.  Distribution of this
memo is unlimited.

This announcement is sent to the IETF list and the RFC-DIST list.
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Submissions for Requests for Comments should be sent to
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Authors, for further information.


Joyce K. Reynolds and Sandy Ginoza
USC/Information Sciences Institute

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug 16 14:51:06 2002
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Date: Fri, 16 Aug 2002 14:42:08 -0400
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What I believe is that I was not notified about pending
administrative matters until Wednesday night, and then
I did not have solid network access yesterday... so there
was a backlog that I just finished processing.  (only about
80 were "spam" email messages :).

This (and the fact that I had an old rfc-editor address) is
what delayed the RFC announcement mail.

As far as I know, all "normal" postings occurred automatically,
and all pending requests have been processed.

If you sent anything in the last four days, and you have not
seen in post to the list:

  1. notify me
  2. repost

Thanks!

--Matt
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Mon Aug 19 11:26:23 2002
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Hello Balaji,

"Balaji H. Kasal" wrote:
> 
> Dear friends,
> 
>    There is no single packet size which can be used for measurement, bec'
> of large variation in packet sizes in Internet.
>    To study true application performance one should use different packet
> sizes and find out the distribution. (That was most appl does...
> streaming...)
>    Ofcourse, it is not smart to probe large packets of different sizes for
> measurement. One can findout "optimal" packet size for measurement. We can
> define "optimal" packet size which represents (almost... median???)
> overall distribution.

A possible candidate I would say is the average IP packet size:
somewhere around 240 Bytes.
But all the other remarks I support, though I would rather see
the average size then another pick and choose size; like a small
size (12 Bytes or 100 Bytes).
Related to this, when determining the 'BTC', one 'normally uses
the RTT'. But I also question: Which datagram size? It happens
that 64 Bytes seems to provide a nice result for determining the
BTC...
So in that case perhaps 64 Bytes sounds oke... (so I woudl chose
between 64 Bytes and the average size). Perhaps one needs
multiple size, so that one can determine the formula of Henk.

All the best,


Victor
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Date: Tue, 20 Aug 2002 15:34:25 -0400

--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Performance Metrics Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: A One-way Active Measurement Protocol Requirements
	Author(s)	: S. Shalunov, B. Teitelbaum
	Filename	: draft-ietf-ippm-owdp-reqs-03.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 16-Aug-02
	
With growing availability of good time sources to network nodes, it
becomes increasingly possible to measure one-way IP performance
metrics with high precision.  To do so in an interoperable manner, a
common protocol for such measurements is required.  This document
specifies requirements for a one-way active measurement protocol
(OWAMP) standard.  The protocol can measure one-way delay, as well as
other unidirectional characteristics, such as one-way loss.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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Date: 20 Aug 2002 16:13:18 -0400

Clarification: draft-ietf-ippm-owdp-reqs-03.txt differs from
draft-ietf-ippm-owdp-reqs-02.txt by one word that clarifies a sentence
but does not change the intented meaning (based on a private comment
by Benoit Claise).  It is a very minor editorial revision.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

"Nuclear war can ruin your whole compile."          -- Karl Lehenbauer
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Subject: [ippm] SNPA 2003 CFP - First IEEE Workshop on Sensor Network Protocols and Applications
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Our apologies if you have received multiple copies of this CFP.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          CALL FOR PAPERS

                       IEEE ICC 2003 Workshop
                             SNPA 2003
  
                First IEEE International Workshop on 
              Sensor Network Protocols and Applications

                  in Conjunction with IEEE ICC 2003
                            May 11, 2003

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

URLs:
SNPA 2003: http://www.icc2003.com/workshop1.html
ICC 2003:  http://www.icc2003.com

Submission Deadline: October 22, 2002

--------------------------------------------------------------------------


SCOPE

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are fast emerging as a new sensing
paradigm based on the collaborative effort of large number of sensors
deployed close to or inside the phenomenon to be observed, and have the
potential of providing diverse services to numerous applications. The
realization of WSNs require intensive technical research efforts
especially in power aware scalable wireless ad hoc communications
protocols due to their unusual application requirements and unique
constraints such as
- WSNs are generally composed of large number of nodes that have limited
  computational and storage capacity.
- In many applications, sensor nodes are expected to be randomly scattered
  in unreachable regions.
- The lifetime of a sensor network is generally limited to the battery
  lifetime of sensor nodes.

SNPA 2003 is intended to provide a forum for researchers to present their
contributions as technical papers related to communication protocols for
WSNs, data management, access, aggregation and fusion techniques, and
sensor network applications. The papers solicited in SNPA 2003 cover a
variety of topics including but not limited to:

- Communication protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks at all layers 
- Novel sensor network applications and services
- Self organizing and scalable sensor network architectures
- Software platforms and tools for sensor network application development
- Energy efficient medium access control, error control, and traffic 
  management protocols
- Energy efficient system services such as localization and time
  synchronization
- Robust distributed algorithms for collaborative processing
- Mechanisms, protocols and algorithms for authenticated, secure
  communication
- Application specific network and system services, including data-centric
  routing, attribute based addressing and location management
- Data querying and dissemination
- Data compression, association, aggregation and fusion


SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS

The papers should confirm with ICC 2003 paper format and can be up to 
11 pages long. Authors should submit a PDF version of their paper to 
snpa03@cs.itu.edu.tr according to the following timetable

            Manuscript Due: October 22, 2002
   Acceptance Notification: December 17, 2002
      Final Manuscript Due: January 14, 2003
             Workshop Date: May 11, 2003


ORGANIZATION

PROGRAM CO-CHAIRS

Erdal Cayirci
Department of Computer Engineering
Istanbul Technical University
Istanbul
E-mail: erdal@ece.gatech.edu

Taieb Znati
Div.of Adv.Net.Inf.& Res.
NSF
Arlington, VA 22230
E-mail: tznati@nsf.gov


TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMMITTEE

* Sebnem Baydere (Yeditepe University) 
* Azzedine Boukerche (University of North Texas) 
* Erdal Cayirci (Istanbul Technical University)
* Eylem Ekici (Ohio State University) 
* Deborah Estrin (UCLA) 
* John Heidemann (ISI) 
* Bashkar Khrisnamachari (Cornell) 
* Sri Kumar (DARPA) 
* Geng-Sheng Kuo (National Chengchi University) 
* Stephen Olariu (Old Dominion University) 
* Sergio Palazzo (University of Catania)
* Chiara Petrioli (Roma University) 
* Parmesh Ramanathan (University of Wisconsin) 
* Suresh Singh (Portland State University) 
* Stephen Wicker (Cornell) 
* Adam Wolisz (Technical University of Berlin) 
* Michele Zorzi (Universita' di Ferrara) 


PUBLICITY CO-CHAIR 

Eylem Ekici
Ohio State University
E-mail: ekici@ee.eng.ohio-state.edu


SPONSORS

Sponsored by the following IEEE Communications Society Technical Committees:

* Tactical Communications
* Personal Communications (Pending)
* Radio Communications (Pending)
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Sun Aug 25 05:17:50 2002
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From: "Balaji H. Kasal" <balaji@ee.iitb.ac.in>
To: Victor Reijs <victor.reijs@heanet.ie>
cc: vilho.raisanen@nokia.com, <zhangr@info.net>, <matt@advanced.org>,
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Date: Sun, 25 Aug 2002 14:32:46 +0530 (IST)


 Hello Victor,

> "Balaji H. Kasal" wrote:
> > 
> > Dear friends,
> > 
> >    There is no single packet size which can be used for measurement, bec'
> > of large variation in packet sizes in Internet.
> >    To study true application performance one should use different packet
> > sizes and find out the distribution. (That was most appl does...
> > streaming...)
> >    Ofcourse, it is not smart to probe large packets of different sizes for
> > measurement. One can findout "optimal" packet size for measurement. We can
> > define "optimal" packet size which represents (almost... median???)
> > overall distribution.
> 
> A possible candidate I would say is the average IP packet size:
> somewhere around 240 Bytes.

  
   How did you come with this 240 byte number. Did u have dome extensive 
experimanets? Please let me know.

Thanx...

--Balaji




> But all the other remarks I support, though I would rather see
> the average size then another pick and choose size; like a small
> size (12 Bytes or 100 Bytes).
> Related to this, when determining the 'BTC', one 'normally uses
> the RTT'. But I also question: Which datagram size? It happens
> that 64 Bytes seems to provide a nice result for determining the
> BTC...
> So in that case perhaps 64 Bytes sounds oke... (so I woudl chose
> between 64 Bytes and the average size). Perhaps one needs
> multiple size, so that one can determine the formula of Henk.
> 
> All the best,
> 
> 
> Victor
> 

-- 
Regards,
--Balaji


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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Mon Aug 26 02:03:40 2002
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Date: Mon, 26 Aug 2002 07:01:21 +0100

Hello

I have following problem. I have to make an application which will monitor
and analyze streams of IP packets in the Internet (for example VoIP
transmission) in real time. It must measure such QoS parameters as OTT, OTT
variation, and some more parameters. To do that I have to find out how to
uniquelly identify measured packets on the end-points of the connection.

Some time ago I decided to use IP ID and IP offset to do that but I
discovered that my RedHat Linux sends UDP packets with the same IP ID value
in IP header (transfer is beetween the same sockets on the peers). Of course
there is DF flag set in each packet. I must add that IP packets have that
field filled and as you all know it has unique TCP sequence number already
(DF flag is also set). Why in the same system IP packets for TCP and UDP
traffic differ?

Do you know how many current IP implementations do the same? Is it a big
percent of all UDP traffic in the Internet?

I'm not an originator of measured traffic so kernel recompilation or manual
setting of IP ID field in each packet is not the answer for me. I don't want
to compare data field of the UDP header because that data are not store on
local system but are being sent to analyzer process somewhere in the
Internet so it could increase load of the measured links. The only field
that differ for each packets is UDP checksum but firstly it is not uniqe for
different data in the packet and secondly it must not be set in the UDP
header. There is also IP total length field but I think it is not the
answer.

Do you have any suggestions how to deal with that problem?

Please help me.

Best regards


Mateusz Pusz
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Mon Aug 26 04:36:29 2002
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Date: Mon, 26 Aug 2002 10:30:53 +0200
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Dear Mateusz,

we had the same problem for passive measurement of one-way-delay. We 
decided to use a packet ID which is generated based on the
invariant fields of the packet header for identifying packest at 
different measurement points.

This concept (using a CRC-based packet ID) was introduced in

Ian D. GRAHAM, Stephen F. DONNELLY, Stele MARTIN, Jed MARTENS, John G. 
CLEARY: Nonintrusive and Accurate Measurement of Unidirectional Delay 
and Delay Variation on the Internet, INET'98, Geneva, Switzerland, 21-24 
July, 1998

A hash-based packet ID can be found in:

Nick Duffield, Matthias Grossglauser: Trajectory Sampling for Direct 
Traffic Observation, Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 2000, Stockholm, Sweden, 
August 28 - September 1, 2000.

In our PAM 2001 poster presentation we had a look at different packet 
IDs for one-way-delay measurements and compared their sizes and 
collision probability. You can find the document

Tanja Zseby, Sebastian Zander, Georg Carle: Evaluation of Building 
Blocks for Passive One-way-delay Measurements, PAM 2001

on the PAM 2001 pages: http://www.ripe.net/pam2001/program.html

We also had the problem that Linux 2.4 sets the datagram ID to zero 
(probably due to security reasosns ). Although this implementation is 
fully interoperable (because the dont fragment flag is set) I am in 
doubt whether this behavior conforms to RFC791 which states that an 
identifier has to be chosen that is "unique for this source destination 
pair and protocol for the time the datagram (or any fragment of it) 
could be active in the network".

Hope this helps
Tanja


Pusz, Mateuszx wrote:

>Hello
>
>I have following problem. I have to make an application which will monitor
>and analyze streams of IP packets in the Internet (for example VoIP
>transmission) in real time. It must measure such QoS parameters as OTT, OTT
>variation, and some more parameters. To do that I have to find out how to
>uniquelly identify measured packets on the end-points of the connection.
>
>Some time ago I decided to use IP ID and IP offset to do that but I
>discovered that my RedHat Linux sends UDP packets with the same IP ID value
>in IP header (transfer is beetween the same sockets on the peers). Of course
>there is DF flag set in each packet. I must add that IP packets have that
>field filled and as you all know it has unique TCP sequence number already
>(DF flag is also set). Why in the same system IP packets for TCP and UDP
>traffic differ?
>
>Do you know how many current IP implementations do the same? Is it a big
>percent of all UDP traffic in the Internet?
>
>I'm not an originator of measured traffic so kernel recompilation or manual
>setting of IP ID field in each packet is not the answer for me. I don't want
>to compare data field of the UDP header because that data are not store on
>local system but are being sent to analyzer process somewhere in the
>Internet so it could increase load of the measured links. The only field
>that differ for each packets is UDP checksum but firstly it is not uniqe for
>different data in the packet and secondly it must not be set in the UDP
>header. There is also IP total length field but I think it is not the
>answer.
>
>Do you have any suggestions how to deal with that problem?
>
>Please help me.
>
>Best regards
>
>
>Mateusz Pusz
>_______________________________________________
>ippm mailing list
>ippm@advanced.org
>http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
>

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Mon Aug 26 11:49:56 2002
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Subject: Re: [ippm] test packet size over IP network
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Hello Kasal,

"Balaji H. Kasal" wrote:

> 
>    How did you come with this 240 byte number. Did u have dome extensive
> experimanets? Please let me know.

http://www.surfnet.nl/surfnet/persons/reijs/sn4/atmcalc.htm

No real extensive experiments. I used a few files from the
internet. See also above link. The 'average' size will vary of
course...

All the best,


Victor

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Performance Metrics Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: IP Packet Delay Variation Metric for IPPM
	Author(s)	: C. Demichelis, P. Chimento
	Filename	: draft-ietf-ippm-ipdv-10.txt
	Pages		: 21
	Date		: 2002-8-27
	
This memo refers to a metric for variation in delay of packets across
Internet paths. The metric is based on the difference in the One-Way-
Delay of selected packets. This difference in delay is called 'IP
Packet Delay variation.'
The metric is valid for measurements between two hosts both in the
case that they have synchronized clocks and in the case that they are
not synchronized. We discuss both in this draft.

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Hello,

I have a quite rather simple question, but haven't found yet any answer
that convince me. Is there a way to calculate a global jitter based on
multiple measured jitter?

Let me show an example, with this network composed of 3 routers in line:

	[Ra] ----- [Rb] ----- [Rc]

I measure the jitter 'J_ab' and 'J_bc' respectively on the Ra->Rb and
Rb->Rc links. Now I want to calculate the corresponding jitter 'J_ac' on
the Ra->Rc path.

The big difference between jitter and other values is that jitter can be
positive (arrive later than expected), negative (arrive sooner than
expected) or null.

If Ra->Rb tends to give more positive jitter, and Rb->Rc give more
negative jitter, the total jitter is not a simple addition, but
something much more elaborated if ever there is something.

Thanks in advance,
Emmanuel Tychon


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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Wed Aug 28 12:18:09 2002
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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 12:15:31 -0400


Emmanuel: 

It depends. If you are measuring IP packet delay variation (IPDV ~ "jitter")
and computing estimated means, then the estimates always add (in the limit), 
even if the random variables (i.e. the "jitter" at each stage) are dependent 
in complicated ways.

However, the distributions, because the "jitter" at successive stages is not 
independent, can't even be convolved in a simple way. Worse yet, if you are 
interested in a particular flow, it may "see" "jitter" that is much worse (or 
much better) than the average, depending on how the packet timing is distorted 
at the previous stage(s) and the nature of the delays at a given node. For 
example, in your case, if the delay introduced at Rb is cyclic and the
flow of interest happens to arrive in a pattern that say introduces close to 
(+-) maximum delay on every other packet of the flow, you will get an
arrival pattern at the endpoint that looks something like this: 

<------------ TIME 


 |----------|----------|----------|----------|----------|
            xx                    xx                    x

which will be pretty bad but also pretty far from the 
average probably. 

Hope this helps. 
Regards, Phil Chimento 

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Wed Aug 28 12:32:16 2002
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Emmanuel,

First, one needs to specify the method of jitter measurement (one point
delay vs. two point delay). Second, since the delay is a random variable,
hence jitter, and by accumulating (adding) the jitter injected by each
switch/router along the path, then, by probability law, the resulting jitter
is the convolution of the jitter distributions along the path (in your
example, J_abc= J_ab*J_bc, where * denotes the convolution operation).

Mudhafar

Emmanuel Tychon wrote:

> Hello,
>
> I have a quite rather simple question, but haven't found yet any answer
> that convince me. Is there a way to calculate a global jitter based on
> multiple measured jitter?
>
> Let me show an example, with this network composed of 3 routers in line:
>
>         [Ra] ----- [Rb] ----- [Rc]
>
> I measure the jitter 'J_ab' and 'J_bc' respectively on the Ra->Rb and
> Rb->Rc links. Now I want to calculate the corresponding jitter 'J_ac' on
> the Ra->Rc path.
>
> The big difference between jitter and other values is that jitter can be
> positive (arrive later than expected), negative (arrive sooner than
> expected) or null.
>
> If Ra->Rb tends to give more positive jitter, and Rb->Rc give more
> negative jitter, the total jitter is not a simple addition, but
> something much more elaborated if ever there is something.
>
> Thanks in advance,
> Emmanuel Tychon
>
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@advanced.org
> http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Wed Aug 28 12:48:24 2002
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Subject: Re: [ippm] Jitter aggregation
From: Emmanuel Tychon <etychon@cisco.com>
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Philip,

Thank you for your answer, and please see comments in-line:

> It depends. If you are measuring IP packet delay variation (IPDV ~ "jitter")
> and computing estimated means, then the estimates always add (in the limit), 
> even if the random variables (i.e. the "jitter" at each stage) are dependent 
> in complicated ways.

So what you say is that, if I measure IP packet delay variation, the
estimated means can be blindly added? What changes is the distribution.

> However, the distributions, because the "jitter" at successive stages is not 
> independent, can't even be convolved in a simple way. Worse yet, if you are 
> interested in a particular flow, it may "see" "jitter" that is much worse (or 
> much better) than the average, depending on how the packet timing is distorted 
> at the previous stage(s) and the nature of the delays at a given node. 

This is what scares me. The main purpose of this measurement is to
assure that 95% of the packets are under a certain jitter - one of the
important parameter for a good voice-over-ip communication. So what we
need is the 95th percentile, and unless I do measure it end-to-end,
there is no way I can calculate it: it can only be measured.

In a typical network that classifies traffic, the jitter introduces at
each hop is pretty random and depends vastly on the traffic sent in
other classes as well as the queuing mechanism and other minor factors.

With all of this in mind, would you agree to say that calculations based
on IP inter-packet delay variation are risky operations that should be
avoided?

Thank you,
e.


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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Wed Aug 28 14:28:39 2002
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Emmanuel,

It is true that dependency (correlation) of the jitter distribution exists in
consecutive stages, making the total jitter distribution difficult to estimate.
However, in a heavy load case (that is when you need to be worrying about the
accuracy of the jitter any ways), this correlation loosens up leading to the use of
convolution to estimate the total distribution. The trick is to know the
distribution at each stage measured or estimated under a "typical load pattern".

Mudhafar

P.S. Since you are talking about voice over packet, you may want to look at:
1. KEES VAN DER WAL, MICHEL MANDJES, AND HARRIE BASTIAANSEN, "Delay Performance
Analysis of the New Internet Services with Guaranteed QoS" PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE,
VOL. 85, NO. 12, DECEMBER 1997.
2. ITU-T I.741, "Interworking and interconnection between ATM and switched telephone
networks for the transmission of speech, voiceband data and audio signals" June
1999.

Emmanuel Tychon wrote:

> Philip,
>
> Thank you for your answer, and please see comments in-line:
>
> > It depends. If you are measuring IP packet delay variation (IPDV ~ "jitter")
> > and computing estimated means, then the estimates always add (in the limit),
> > even if the random variables (i.e. the "jitter" at each stage) are dependent
> > in complicated ways.
>
> So what you say is that, if I measure IP packet delay variation, the
> estimated means can be blindly added? What changes is the distribution.
>
> > However, the distributions, because the "jitter" at successive stages is not
> > independent, can't even be convolved in a simple way. Worse yet, if you are
> > interested in a particular flow, it may "see" "jitter" that is much worse (or
> > much better) than the average, depending on how the packet timing is distorted
> > at the previous stage(s) and the nature of the delays at a given node.
>
> This is what scares me. The main purpose of this measurement is to
> assure that 95% of the packets are under a certain jitter - one of the
> important parameter for a good voice-over-ip communication. So what we
> need is the 95th percentile, and unless I do measure it end-to-end,
> there is no way I can calculate it: it can only be measured.
>
> In a typical network that classifies traffic, the jitter introduces at
> each hop is pretty random and depends vastly on the traffic sent in
> other classes as well as the queuing mechanism and other minor factors.
>
> With all of this in mind, would you agree to say that calculations based
> on IP inter-packet delay variation are risky operations that should be
> avoided?
>
> Thank you,
> e.
>
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@advanced.org
> http://mailhost.advanced.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm

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To: IETF WG Participants: ;
Subject: [ippm] Nomcom call for volunteers
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Date: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 14:44:44 -0400


The members of the IESG and IAB and the IETF chair are selected
by a nominations committee made up of volunteers from the
IETF community.  The nominations committee is now in the process
of being formed and volunteers are being accepted until Sep 6.
Please see (http://www.ietf.org/nomcom/msg19765.html)
for information if you are interested in volunteering 
to be on the nominations committee.
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From: Jambi Ganbar <jambi.ganbar@wcom.com>
Subject: Re: [ippm] Jitter aggregation
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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 14:19:55 -0400 (EDT)

Emmanuel, see in line.

> This is what scares me. The main purpose of this measurement is to
> assure that 95% of the packets are under a certain jitter - one of the
> important parameter for a good voice-over-ip communication. So what we
> need is the 95th percentile, and unless I do measure it end-to-end,
> there is no way I can calculate it: it can only be measured.

I think that this point was raised on
this group a few times.  The question
that you need to answer for yourself is
"why am I measuring?"  If you are trying
to measure a certain call quality for
VoIP then your end user perception is
the most important value and an
end-2-end test is perhaps what is
needed.

> In a typical network that classifies traffic, the jitter introduces at
> each hop is pretty random and depends vastly on the traffic sent in
> other classes as well as the queuing mechanism and other minor factors.

Exactly why you need to test end-2-end
to account for all potential variables.

> With all of this in mind, would you agree to say that calculations based
> on IP inter-packet delay variation are risky operations that should be
> avoided?

I would most definitely not agree with
the above statement.

Jambi
vBNS Engineering.

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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 14:07:35 +0400 (MSD)


Hi! My name is Christina.I need your help very much. I have 2 questions about 
ATM technology.
please, answer my questions.

1) I want to know whether I anderstood the ATM Time Division Multiplexing 
correctly.
I'll describe a simple example: 
suppose one phone and one video devices are attached to the source.
Suppose VPI/VCI=1/7 and VPI/VCI=1/8 connections are dedicated for those voice 
and video streams respectively.
And consequently there are one queue for voice cells and one queue for video 
cells in the source. 
Suppose the interface link rate is 12 cells/second.
Suppose those virtual connections are of CBR type,and PCR=5 cells/second and 
PCR=7 cells/second bandwidths
are allocated to those connections respectively.
In ATM time division multiplexing the source sends x+y cells at every second, 
where x=5 cells are from
the queue of the VPI/VCI=1/7 virtual connection (i.e., from the queue of voice 
cells) and y=7 cells are 
from the queue of the VPI/VCI=1/8 connection (i.e., from the queue of video 
cells).    
Am I right?
If I am not right, please, explain the ATM cell multiplexing on my example.

2) suppose we have 2 connections, one is CBR connection with PCR=10 
cells/second bandwidth and 
the other is VBR connection with PCR=20 cells/second bandwidth.
Suppose  the statistical TDM multiplexing is used,and the interface rate is 30 
cells/second.
If both connections have data to send, the multiplexer at every second will 
send 10 cells from the first connection
and 20 cells from the second connection.
Suppose the second connection has no data to send at the next second. 
instead of sending 10 idle cells from that connection, the statistical 
multiplexer will send 30 cells from the first connection,
i.e. the first connection exceeded its PCR. Consequently excessive cell delay 
variation was observed at the receiving side(i.e., cell clumping).  
Am I right?
If I am not right, please, explain how a Cell Delay Variation is observed by 
the ATM multiplexing. 

Thank you in advance!





----
  http://www.rambler.ru
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Thu Aug 29 02:08:49 2002
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Date: Wed, 28 Aug 2002 23:06:28 -0700 (PDT)

Dear folks,

I am doing a project on optimizing IP network
performance, but I am having difficulty in defining a
commonly accepted network performance criterion. Since
I am optimizing the network in a offline mode, before
it is implemented, any measurement QoS are not
practical. 

Network operators most commonly turn to maximum link
utilization as the (resource oriented) performance
objective function. This does not always mean the
optimal QoS performance for end users, especially at
low load. For example a very long path may be chosen,
meaning a much higher end-to-end delay, just to reduce
the maximum link utilisation by a small fraction.
Other approaches use a piece-wise convex function of
the link utilisation. However, this does not directly
relate to end-user QoS and therefore does not
reasonably represent QoS from users' point of view.

I am keen to use theoretical average end-to-end packet
delay, given unlimited queue size at routers, as the
objective function. This is because, at low load
(Utilisation <30%), the packet delay is the most
significant QoS for end-users (compared to throughput,
and packet loss). At higher load (utilisation =
30-70%), unlike practical packet delay which may level
off, the theoretical packet delay increases very
sharply as the link utilisation increases. As a
result, minimizing the e2e theoretical delay gives
priority in reducing the maximum link utilisation,
which has most influence on end users' QoS.

More detailed discussion on this topic can be found at

http://www.cs.jcu.edu.au/~huan/draft/net_perofmance.pdf
  (35 KB) or
http://www.cs.jcu.edu.au/~huan/draft/net_perofmance.doc
(500 KB)

Your comments on this are very appreciated.

Huan


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Subject: [ippm] irtf-chair@ietf.org: Internet Measurement Research Group
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Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2002 10:19:40 -0400

 
I have a suspicion that some of the folks on this list may be
interested in the following announcement about an Internet
measurement group within the IRTF.

allman


------- Forwarded Message

From: irtf-chair@ietf.org
To: IETF-Announce:;;@loki.ietf.org
Subject: Internet Measurement Research Group
Date: Thu, 29 Aug 2002 07:24:02 -0400


A new IRTF research group, IMRG (Internet Measurement Research Group), has
begun, with the appended charter.  Use imrg-request@ietf.org to subscribe
to the mailing list.  See http://imrg.grc.nasa.gov/imrg/ for further
information.

- - Vern Paxson  (IRTF chair)


- -+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


There is considerable network measurement work being conducted within the
Internet community -- both in standards bodies (e.g., IETF IPPM WG) and
in various research labs. The goal of the Internet Measurement Research
Group (IMRG) is to provide a venue to: (1) provide a forum for discussion
of Internet measurement research issues, (2) aid in the coordination of
various research projects, (3) assess new measurement techniques, and (4)
increase interactions between operators, developers of measurement tools
and techniques, and researchers who analyze and model Internet dynamics.
The scope includes all kinds of network measurement (active techniques,
passive monitoring, end-point probing, in-network methods, network layer,
transport layer, application layer, etc.). The RG will both attempt to
design new measurement techniques and analyze measurements of the network
taken. The following represent examples of the types of projects that the
RG might undertake:

      Tackle outstanding issues dealing with measurement infrastructures
      (e.g., Surveyor, NIMI), such as: scalability of meshes, security of
      measurement tools in the mesh, access control, resource control,
      scheduling issues.

      Tackle the often thorny issue of sharing measurement data within the
      community. The RG could define a systematic way for storing measurements
      and any needed meta-data that should be kept with the measurements.
      In addition, the RG could foster research into systems for remote
      requests for measurement, analysis, and anonymization, facilitating
      a formed of reduced access to data that cannot be directly released.

      Provide a venue for assessing new measurement techniques, and a forum
      for sharing preliminary findings in rough form, to encourage further
      work and collaboration.

      Provide a venue for developing models based on network measurements,
      helping to better understand network dynamics and aiding researchers
      attempting to conduct useful simulations of the network.

      Foster communication between the research and operations communities.
      For example, operators could provide feedback to researchers as to
      what sorts of network properties/characteristics they would like to
      see measured, and how well current techniques work.

      Catalog core problems that need to be addressed. Even if the RG is
      not actively working on these problems, having a "wish list" of
      outstanding problems may foster work in these areas.

Coordination - the RG will provide: 

      A venue for exploring measurement techniques before they are ready
      to be standardized by the IETF (in IPPM, for instance).

      A venue for discussing real world experience with IETF defined metrics
      and measurement techniques.

      A "measurement arm" to various IETF working groups to gain a better
      understanding of how protocols work in the wild (e.g., which HTTP
      capabilities are being implemented or the performance of the global
      DNS system).

------- End of Forwarded Message
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Subject: [ippm] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-ippm-npmps-08.txt
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Date: Fri, 30 Aug 2002 07:49:27 -0400

--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Performance Metrics Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Network performance measurement for periodic streams
	Author(s)	: V. Raisanen, G. Grotefeld, A. Morton
	Filename	: draft-ietf-ippm-npmps-08.txt
	Pages		: 20
	Date		: 2002-8-29
	
This memo describes a periodic sampling method and relevant metrics
for assessing the performance of IP networks. First, the memo
motivates periodic sampling and addresses the question of its value
as an alternative to Poisson sampling described in RFC 2330. The
benefits include applicability to active and passive measurements,
simulation of constant bit rate (CBR) traffic (typical of multimedia
communication, or nearly CBR, as found with voice activity
detection), and several instances where analysis can be simplified.
The sampling method avoids predictability by mandating random start
times and finite length tests. Following descriptions of the
sampling method and sample metric parameters, measurement methods
and errors are discussed. Finally, we give additional information on
periodic measurements including security considerations.

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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug 30 08:03:36 2002
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From: The IESG <iesg-secretary@ietf.org>
Subject: [ippm] Protocol Action: IP Packet Delay Variation Metric for IPPM
 to Proposed Standard
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Date: Fri, 30 Aug 2002 07:59:15 -0400



The IESG has approved the Internet-Draft 'IP Packet Delay Variation 
Metric for IPPM' <draft-ietf-ippm-ipdv-10.txt> as a Proposed Standard.
This document is the product of the IP Performance Metrics Working 
Group.  The IESG contact persons are Allison Mankin and Scott Bradner.
 
 
Technical Summary
 
      This document specifies a metric for variation in delay of
      packets aross Internet paths. The metric is based on the
      difference in the One-Way-Delay of selected packets. This
      difference in delay is called "IP Packet Delay variation" or
      IPDV. The metric is based on the
      delay per se metric defined in RFC 2679.

      The metric is valid for measurements between two hosts both in
      the case that they have synchronized clocks and in the case that
      they are not synchronized.

      The IPDV metric can be used for sizing of play-out buffres for
      applications requiring the regular delivery of packets (for
      example, voice or video play-out). What is normally important in
      this case is the maximum delay variation, which is used to size
      play- out buffers for such applications]. Other uses of a delay
      variation metric are, for example, to determine the dynamics of
      queues within a network (or router) where the changes in delay
      variation can be linked to changes in the queue length process at
      a given link or a combination of links.

      In addition, this type of metric is particularly robust with
      respect to differences and variations of the clocks of the two
      hosts. This allows the use of the metric even if the two hosts
      that support the measurement points are not synchronized. In the
      latter case indications of reciprocal skew of the clocks can be
      derived from the measurement and corrections are possible. The
      related precision is often comparable with the one that can be
      achieved with synchronized clocks, being of the same order of
      magnitude of synchronization errors.

Working Group Summary

      There was good consensus on this document, and careful review to
      achieve a correct specification.

Protocol Quality

      The document was reviewwed for the IESG by Allison Mankin.
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From ippm-admin@advanced.org  Fri Aug 30 08:39:23 2002
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Date: Fri, 30 Aug 2002 08:37:38 -0400

Hello Emmanuel: 

> 
> Philip,
> 
> Thank you for your answer, and please see comments in-line:
> 
> > It depends. If you are measuring IP packet delay variation (IPDV ~ "jitter")
> > and computing estimated means, then the estimates always add (in the limit), 
> > even if the random variables (i.e. the "jitter" at each stage) are dependent 
> > in complicated ways.
> 
> So what you say is that, if I measure IP packet delay variation, the
> estimated means can be blindly added? What changes is the distribution.
> 

Yes. There is a theorem about the linearity of expectations. Estimates of the 
mean approach the real mean only in the limit of course. The quality of the 
result will depend on the quality of your estimates.

> > However, the distributions, because the "jitter" at successive stages is not 
> > independent, can't even be convolved in a simple way. Worse yet, if you are 
> > interested in a particular flow, it may "see" "jitter" that is much worse (or 
> > much better) than the average, depending on how the packet timing is distorted 
> > at the previous stage(s) and the nature of the delays at a given node. 
> 
> This is what scares me. The main purpose of this measurement is to
> assure that 95% of the packets are under a certain jitter - one of the
> important parameter for a good voice-over-ip communication. So what we
> need is the 95th percentile, and unless I do measure it end-to-end,
> there is no way I can calculate it: it can only be measured.
>

I haven't read the Van der Waal, Mandjes and Bastiaansen paper that Mudhafar 
referred to. However, I am not sure that the heavy load case is the only one 
that you need to worry about (the example that I gave you wasn't a heavy 
traffic case, only cyclical congestion).

It is difficult to calculate, it is not that there is no way. I don't know 
about the composition of percentiles in the case that the random variables are 
dependent. This requires some research to see whether there has been any work 
done on this. I expect that it is the same problem as distributions, but I 
don't know.

It may be that the most expedient approach is as was suggested by Jambi, which 
is to measure end-to-end. Both Advanced Networks and Services and RIPE in 
Europe have "active measurement" devices which can measure the one-way delay 
(and hence also the one-way-delay-variation) by sampling. You can check out the
RFCs and I-Ds on these measurements by going to the IPPM WG page at the IETF, 
and the details of the devices by looking at the Advanced or RIPE web sites.

> In a typical network that classifies traffic, the jitter introduces at
> each hop is pretty random and depends vastly on the traffic sent in
> other classes as well as the queuing mechanism and other minor factors.
> 

Right. This is a difficult problem. 

> With all of this in mind, would you agree to say that calculations based
> on IP inter-packet delay variation are risky operations that should be
> avoided?
> 

I wouldn't say this as a blanket statement. There are some calculations that 
are perfectly straightforward (as expectations are) and others that are very 
difficult and would probably require empirical distribution estimates at each 
hop and numerical integration (and lots of compute time). It just may be 
easier in this case to measure end-to-end.

Good luck. 
Regards, Phil Chimento

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