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From: Joseph Ishac <jishac@grc.nasa.gov>
To: ippm@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [ippm] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-ippm-bw-capacity-01.txt
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Resurrecting this thread in order to recapture Patrik's comments.

After IETF week, I put some more thought into the two comments below and
the changes made to the draft, and would like to solicit some input
from the list.  There were two major comments:

1) Nominal Physical Link Capacity (NPLC) "does not vary with time"

I agree, and have a proposed change to the text below.  However, I had a
question for the list.  Take the following example:

 (a) 802.11b switching speeds from 11 Mbps to 5 Mbps
 (b) A channel bonded 802.11g going from 108 Mbps to 54 Mbps (single channel)

I can see (b) easily argued as a changing NPLC, however one could
potentially argue case (a) either way [speed was decreased in order to
accommodate signal properties and thus technically the NPLC is still 11
Mbps]

So the question is, is it important to distinguish between such cases or
is it good enough to say that NomCap (t,t+I) > C(t,t+I), for all values
of t and I.  (Especially given that the NPLC is not used to define other
values in the document)

The proposed modifications to the text currently reads as:
=====
Nominal Physical Link Capacity:

Or NomCap(L) is the theoretical maximum amount of data that the link can
support.  For example, an OC-3 link would be capable of roughly 155
Mbps.  We stress that this is a measurement at the physical layer and
not the network IP layer, which we will define separately.  While
NomCap(L) is typically constant over time, there are links whose
characteristics may allow otherwise, such as the dynamic activation of
additional transponders for a satellite link.  However, the nominal
physical link capacity will always be greater than the information
carrying capacity of the link.
=====


2) "Link" (Current) vs. "Hop", and concept of VLANs/multiple physical
links between routers.

After some more thought, I believe the document is accurate with the use
of "link".  Our definitions are consistent with the framework in that a
link connects two "hosts" or "nodes" and does not necessarily make them
routers.  IP packets are still transported over each link, and that's
the property we're looking for.  A hop in your terms would be treated as
a "cloud subpath" (again from the framework) and would be equivalent to
calculating the capacity over that path.

So, does text need to be added to further clarify this or can it be
leaved as is?

Thanks,

-Joseph



On Mon, Nov 21, 2005 at 01:52:09PM +0100, Patrik Arlos wrote:
> Hi Joseph, Philip: 
> 
> 
> In your definition of Nominal Physical Link Capacity (NPLC), you state that
> it 'does not vary with time'. I do not think that it holds for wireless
> channels. The argument being that the signal interference can change quite
> rapidly, and at some point the sending speed has to be altered to compensate
> for the interference. Cf. the different speeds of 802.11 or UMTS. However,
> from the following discussion, the time varying behaviour of the NPLC is not
> interesting. Since it only acts as the upper limit of the capacity, i.e.,
> C(t,t+I)<NomCap (t,t+I). Furthermore, if the desire is to define capacity at
> the IP layer the behaviour of the underlying technologies should not matter.
> 
> 
>  
> 
> How about using 'hop' instead of 'link' in the IP layer terminology? A hop
> involves a sender, a receiver and a set of link layer links. I do think that
> is would resolve some other problems as well, for instance when virtual LAN
> (VLAN) is used a 'hop' might cover multiple physical links, without any IP
> layer treatment. I.e., from the IP layer's viewpoint there is a direct
> connection to the destination.
> 
>  
> 
> For instance, let S and D denote the IP address of the sending and receiving
> entities, respectively. The path between S and D is described as sequence of
> hops. A hop covers all communication entities involved in the transfer of an
> IP packet between two logically adjacent entities. Via the number of hops
> (hop count) we can identify the number of networks that has to be traversed
> in order to reach D from S. The number of hops is only dependent on the IP
> layer configuration, not the underlying configurations. For example, if S
> and D are located on the same IP network, then hop count is zero. A hop
> count of one would mean that the IP traffic passes one router to reach the
> destination. 
> 
> /Patrik
> 
> Patrik Arlos
> 
> SE/BTH/Sweden
> 
> +46 (0)455-385654

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From: Al Morton <acmorton@att.com>
Subject: Re: [ippm] Last Call: 'Packet Reordering Metric for IPPM' to
	Proposed Standard 
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At 08:52 PM 3/27/2006, The IESG wrote:
>- 'Packet Reordering Metric for IPPM '
>    <draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-11.txt> as a Proposed Standard
>
>The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
>final comments on this action.  Please send any comments to the
>iesg@ietf.org or ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2006-04-10.

Lars, Henk, Matt,

Emile Stephan passed a comment to me in-person,
regarding the IPPM Metrics Registry.  He reminds that the IANA section
of the draft should request registration of the metrics,
as is done in the current version of the ippm-multimetrics draft:

9.  IANA Considerations

    Metrics defined in this memo should be registered in the IANA IPPM
    METRICS REGISTRY as described in initial version of the registry
    [RFC4148].

Emile -- As author of the registry RFC, is the text sufficient?
Or do we need to prepare a template for each new metric,
as RFC 4148 says:

>5.2.  Registration Template
>
>    The following is a proposed template to insert in the IANA
>    considerations section.  For each metric, that section would
>    instantiate the following statement:
>
>       IANA has registed the following metric in the IANA-IPPM-METRICS-
>       REGISTRY-MIB:
>
>        aNewMetricName OBJECT-IDENTITY
>        STATUS       current
>        DESCRIPTION
>           "The identifier for a new metric."
>        REFERENCE
>           "Reference R, section n."
>           ::= { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn

I don't mind preparing a template for each reordering metric with a
"Metric Name" section. But this seems like a lot of text
to insert at Last Call, although none of it would be controversial.

We might do this in a separate draft, too.
I'm open to opinions and suggestions.

Al



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From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 09 Apr 2006 22:16:24 -0400
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I did not see this announcement on the IPPM list.

Internet-Drafts@ietf.org writes:

> Network measurement has many purposes.  Often, the ultimate purpose
> is to report a concise set of metrics describing a network's state to
> an end user.  The aim of this document is to define a small set of
> metrics that are robust, easy to understand, orthogonal, relevant,
> and easy to compute.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

Al your Qaeda are belong to US.

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Subject: RE: [ippm] Last Call: 'Packet Reordering Metric for IPPM' to Proposed
	Standard 
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Hi Al,

RFC4148 tells to describe them in the IANA consideration section. So =
from my point of view the simple way (and the faster) consists in =
inserting the following in the IANA section:


   ietfReordered OBJECT-IDENTITY
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Type-P-Reordered"
      REFERENCE "RFCyyyy, section 3."
-- RFC Ed.: replace yyyy with actual RFC number & remove this note
      ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn


   ietfReorderedRatioStream OBJECT-IDENTITY
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Type-P-Reordered-Ratio-Stream"
      REFERENCE "RFCyyyy, section 4.1."
-- RFC Ed.: replace yyyy with actual RFC number & remove this note
      ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn


   ietfPktReorderingExtentStream OBJECT-IDENTITY
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Type-P-packet-Reordering-Extent-Stream"
      REFERENCE "RFCyyyy, section 4.2."
-- RFC Ed.: replace yyyy with actual RFC number & remove this note
      ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn


   ietfPktLateTimeStream OBJECT-IDENTITY
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Type-P-packet-Late-Time-Stream"
      REFERENCE "RFCyyyy, section 4.3."
-- RFC Ed.: replace yyyy with actual RFC number & remove this note
      ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn


   ietfPktByteOffsetStream OBJECT-IDENTITY
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Type-P-packet-Byte-Offset-Stream"
      REFERENCE "RFCyyyy, section 4.4."
-- RFC Ed.: replace yyyy with actual RFC number & remove this note
      ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn


   ietfPktReorderingGapStream OBJECT-IDENTITY
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Type-P-packet-Reordering-Gap-Stream"
      REFERENCE "RFCyyyy, section 4.5."
-- RFC Ed.: replace yyyy with actual RFC number & remove this note
      ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn


   ietfPktReorderingFreeRunStream OBJECT-IDENTITY
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Type-P-packet-Reordering-Free-Run-Stream"
      REFERENCE "RFCyyyy, section 4.6."
-- RFC Ed.: replace yyyy with actual RFC number & remove this note
      ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn


   ietfPktNReorderingStream OBJECT-IDENTITY
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Type-P-packet-n-Reordering-Stream"
      REFERENCE "RFCyyyy, section 5."
-- RFC Ed.: replace yyyy with actual RFC number & remove this note
      ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn


PS: I take care to have objects name length shorter than 32.

Hope it helps.

Regards
Emile



> -----Message d'origine-----
> De=A0: Al Morton [mailto:acmorton@att.com]
> Envoy=E9=A0: dimanche 9 avril 2006 16:41
> =C0=A0: Lars Eggert; Henk Uijterwaal; Matthew J Zekauskas; STEPHAN =
Emile RD-
> CORE-LAN
> Cc=A0: ippm@ietf.org; iesg@ietf.org
> Objet=A0: Re: [ippm] Last Call: 'Packet Reordering Metric for IPPM' to
> Proposed Standard
>=20
> At 08:52 PM 3/27/2006, The IESG wrote:
> >- 'Packet Reordering Metric for IPPM '
> >    <draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-11.txt> as a Proposed Standard
> >
> >The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
> >final comments on this action.  Please send any comments to the
> >iesg@ietf.org or ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2006-04-10.
>=20
> Lars, Henk, Matt,
>=20
> Emile Stephan passed a comment to me in-person,
> regarding the IPPM Metrics Registry.  He reminds that the IANA section
> of the draft should request registration of the metrics,
> as is done in the current version of the ippm-multimetrics draft:
>=20
> 9.  IANA Considerations
>=20
>     Metrics defined in this memo should be registered in the IANA IPPM
>     METRICS REGISTRY as described in initial version of the registry
>     [RFC4148].
>=20
> Emile -- As author of the registry RFC, is the text sufficient?
> Or do we need to prepare a template for each new metric,
> as RFC 4148 says:
>=20
> >5.2.  Registration Template
> >
> >    The following is a proposed template to insert in the IANA
> >    considerations section.  For each metric, that section would
> >    instantiate the following statement:
> >
> >       IANA has registed the following metric in the =
IANA-IPPM-METRICS-
> >       REGISTRY-MIB:
> >
> >        aNewMetricName OBJECT-IDENTITY
> >        STATUS       current
> >        DESCRIPTION
> >           "The identifier for a new metric."
> >        REFERENCE
> >           "Reference R, section n."
> >           ::=3D { ianaIppmMetrics nn }     -- IANA assigns nn
>=20
> I don't mind preparing a template for each reordering metric with a
> "Metric Name" section. But this seems like a lot of text
> to insert at Last Call, although none of it would be controversial.
>=20
> We might do this in a separate draft, too.
> I'm open to opinions and suggestions.
>=20
> Al
>=20


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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the IP Performance Metrics Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Packet Reordering Metric for IPPM
	Author(s)	: A. Morton, et al.
	Filename	: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
	Pages		: 39
	Date		: 2006-4-12
	
This memo defines metrics to evaluate if a network has maintained 
   packet order on a packet-by-packet basis. It provides motivations 
   for the new metrics and discusses the measurement issues, including 
   the context information required for all metrics. The memo first 
   defines a reordered singleton, and then uses it as the basis for 
   sample metrics to quantify the extent of reordering in several 
   useful dimensions for network characterization or receiver design. 
   Additional metrics quantify the frequency of reordering and the 
   distance between separate occurrences. We then define a metric 
   oriented toward assessing reordering effects on TCP. Several 
   examples of evaluation using the various sample metrics are 
   included. An Appendix gives extended definitions for evaluating 
   order with packet fragmentation.

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From ippm-bounces@ietf.org Tue Apr 18 04:10:52 2006
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From: "Patrik Arlos" <Patrik.Arlos@bth.se>
To: "'Joseph Ishac'" <jishac@grc.nasa.gov>, <ippm@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [ippm] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-ippm-bw-capacity-01.txt
Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2006 10:10:28 +0200
Organization: Blekinge Institute of Technology
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Hi,=20

1) Would it not be possibly to say that a speed reduction is due to =
packet
loss/signal degradation. What I'm getting at is that we can view the =
NPLC as
fixed, it's just subject to more disturbances, thus making the perceived
capacity (as viewed from layer +1) smaller than the NPLC.=20

In short, I agree that it is sufficient to say that "NomCap (t,t+I) >
C(t,t+I), for all values of t and I."

2) I think that you should add one line that highlights how link-layer =
links
are supposed to be treated, just for clarification.=20

Can you send a copy/url to the current working document?

Regards,
Patrik


Patrik Arlos
Ph.D Telecommunications Systems
SE/BTH/Sweden
+46 (0)455-385444

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Joseph Ishac [mailto:jishac@grc.nasa.gov]
> Sent: den 6 april 2006 01:12
> To: ippm@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [ippm] I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-ippm-bw-capacity-01.txt
>=20
> Resurrecting this thread in order to recapture Patrik's comments.
>=20
> After IETF week, I put some more thought into the two comments below =
and
> the changes made to the draft, and would like to solicit some input
> from the list.  There were two major comments:
>=20
> 1) Nominal Physical Link Capacity (NPLC) "does not vary with time"
>=20
> I agree, and have a proposed change to the text below.  However, I had =
a
> question for the list.  Take the following example:
>=20
>  (a) 802.11b switching speeds from 11 Mbps to 5 Mbps
>  (b) A channel bonded 802.11g going from 108 Mbps to 54 Mbps (single
> channel)
>=20
> I can see (b) easily argued as a changing NPLC, however one could
> potentially argue case (a) either way [speed was decreased in order to
> accommodate signal properties and thus technically the NPLC is still =
11
> Mbps]
>=20
> So the question is, is it important to distinguish between such cases =
or
> is it good enough to say that NomCap (t,t+I) > C(t,t+I), for all =
values
> of t and I.  (Especially given that the NPLC is not used to define =
other
> values in the document)
>=20
> The proposed modifications to the text currently reads as:
> =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
> Nominal Physical Link Capacity:
>=20
> Or NomCap(L) is the theoretical maximum amount of data that the link =
can
> support.  For example, an OC-3 link would be capable of roughly 155
> Mbps.  We stress that this is a measurement at the physical layer and
> not the network IP layer, which we will define separately.  While
> NomCap(L) is typically constant over time, there are links whose
> characteristics may allow otherwise, such as the dynamic activation of
> additional transponders for a satellite link.  However, the nominal
> physical link capacity will always be greater than the information
> carrying capacity of the link.
> =3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
>=20
>=20
> 2) "Link" (Current) vs. "Hop", and concept of VLANs/multiple physical
> links between routers.
>=20
> After some more thought, I believe the document is accurate with the =
use
> of "link".  Our definitions are consistent with the framework in that =
a
> link connects two "hosts" or "nodes" and does not necessarily make =
them
> routers.  IP packets are still transported over each link, and that's
> the property we're looking for.  A hop in your terms would be treated =
as
> a "cloud subpath" (again from the framework) and would be equivalent =
to
> calculating the capacity over that path.
>=20
> So, does text need to be added to further clarify this or can it be
> leaved as is?
>=20
> Thanks,
>=20
> -Joseph
>=20
>=20
>=20
> On Mon, Nov 21, 2005 at 01:52:09PM +0100, Patrik Arlos wrote:
> > Hi Joseph, Philip:
> >
> >
> > In your definition of Nominal Physical Link Capacity (NPLC), you =
state
> that
> > it 'does not vary with time'. I do not think that it holds for =
wireless
> > channels. The argument being that the signal interference can change
> quite
> > rapidly, and at some point the sending speed has to be altered to
> compensate
> > for the interference. Cf. the different speeds of 802.11 or UMTS.
> However,
> > from the following discussion, the time varying behaviour of the =
NPLC is
> not
> > interesting. Since it only acts as the upper limit of the capacity,
> i.e.,
> > C(t,t+I)<NomCap (t,t+I). Furthermore, if the desire is to define
> capacity at
> > the IP layer the behaviour of the underlying technologies should not
> matter.
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > How about using 'hop' instead of 'link' in the IP layer terminology? =
A
> hop
> > involves a sender, a receiver and a set of link layer links. I do =
think
> that
> > is would resolve some other problems as well, for instance when =
virtual
> LAN
> > (VLAN) is used a 'hop' might cover multiple physical links, without =
any
> IP
> > layer treatment. I.e., from the IP layer's viewpoint there is a =
direct
> > connection to the destination.
> >
> >
> >
> > For instance, let S and D denote the IP address of the sending and
> receiving
> > entities, respectively. The path between S and D is described as
> sequence of
> > hops. A hop covers all communication entities involved in the =
transfer
> of an
> > IP packet between two logically adjacent entities. Via the number of
> hops
> > (hop count) we can identify the number of networks that has to be
> traversed
> > in order to reach D from S. The number of hops is only dependent on =
the
> IP
> > layer configuration, not the underlying configurations. For example, =
if
> S
> > and D are located on the same IP network, then hop count is zero. A =
hop
> > count of one would mean that the IP traffic passes one router to =
reach
> the
> > destination.
> >
> > /Patrik
> >
> > Patrik Arlos
> >
> > SE/BTH/Sweden
> >
> > +46 (0)455-385654
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm


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The Mobile TV World Congress, will be held in Paris January 23 to 26,
together with the worldwide leader event TVoDSL 2007. 

Carriers, content providers and equipment vendors will address technical
issues, describe the standardization process and discuss business and
content delivery models. 

 

A call for proposals is online at:

 <http://www.upperside.fr/mobiletv2007/mobiletv2007intro.htm>
http://www.upperside.fr/mobiletv2007/mobiletv2007intro.htm

 


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<p class=3DMsoNormal><strong><b><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
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style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>The Mobile TV World =
Congress</span></font></b></strong><font
size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
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be held in <st1:place w:st=3D"on"><st1:City =
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January 23 to 26, together with the worldwide leader event =
<strong><b><font
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Carriers, content providers and equipment =
vendors
will address technical issues, describe the standardization process and =
discuss
business and content delivery models. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:
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at:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

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Subject: RE: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
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Dear Stanislav,

I read your draft and I think it is going in the=20
right direction. Some suggestions for the next=20
version from my point of view are:

* Motivation: should state some application areas, i.e.
  "why would a human user want to get those values" - e.g.
  'to check that IP telephony would be feasable with available QoS'

* please don't be offended, but I disagree on the traffic=20
  statistics you plan to apply to the traffic metrics.
  To me they seem to be quite unusual. see below:

* delay: I would suggest to use mean or a high percentile as
  I have never seen median delay to be used to report QoS

* loss: just a typo =3D per cent -> percent

* jitter: as far as I know the two common defintions are=20
  (high) percentile minus min delay across some interval
  (ITU approach) or min/max of IP delay variation, taken from
  the series of differences of consecutuve OWD values (IETF approach)

* duplication: just lacks definition of a default timeout value

* additionally I think two things will need to be added to the draft:
  a) mentioning about the size of the interval about which all
     those metrics are obtained and the fact whether this will be=20
     a sliding window or fixed time slots, e.g. new values each 10sec
  b) I'd personally like to see some "packet filter" added to the
     reporting record. Data might relate only to a fraction of all
     traffic, e.g. only to UDP or only to traffic from videos.fun.org

* additionally "availability" could be one metric
  (probably with param =3D (list of) server(s) or network)

* a small final note (not specific to the draft): when applying the=20
  ITU definition for jitter, then high percentile of delay and jitter
  are quite correlated, and just differ by the interval's min-delay.
  I cannot say if/how they correlate when the IETF definition (IPDV) is
used.

* one question from my side: how would you define/report the measurement
parameters?
  (i.e. the src/dst/network/path to which the reported delay/jitter etc.
applies)

With best regards,
Carsten.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: stanislav shalunov [mailto:shalunov@internet2.edu]=20
> Sent: Monday, April 10, 2006 4:16 AM
> To: ippm@ietf.org
> Subject: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
>=20
> I did not see this announcement on the IPPM list.
>=20
> Internet-Drafts@ietf.org writes:
>=20
> > Network measurement has many purposes.  Often, the ultimate purpose
> > is to report a concise set of metrics describing a=20
> network's state to
> > an end user.  The aim of this document is to define a small set of
> > metrics that are robust, easy to understand, orthogonal, relevant,
> > and easy to compute.
> >=20
> > A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> >=20
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-shalunov-ippm-report
ing-00.txt
>=20
> --=20
> Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/
>=20
> Al your Qaeda are belong to US.
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> ippm mailing list
> ippm@ietf.org=20
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm
>=20
>=20

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	Dallas available
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The slides, and now finally all the minutes, from the
meeting are now available on the preliminary proceedings
page

<https://datatracker.ietf.org/public/meeting_materials.cgi?meeting_num=65>

If anyone has any comment or correction, please let the list
or the Chairs know.

Thanks!

--Matt, for Matt & Henk

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Hi all,

>* Motivation: should state some application areas, i.e.
>   "why would a human user want to get those values" - e.g.
>   'to check that IP telephony would be feasable with available QoS'

I agree with this.


>* delay: I would suggest to use mean or a high percentile as
>   I have never seen median delay to be used to report QoS

We have had this discussion before and consensus seems that median (or
percentiles in general) seem the most appropriate way to report delays.
We should probably point to this discussion.

Carsten: If median cannot be used, then please explain why.


>* duplication: just lacks definition of a default timeout value

I think we should define one time-out value for delay, loss and
duplication.



>* additionally I think two things will need to be added to the draft:
>   a) mentioning about the size of the interval about which all
>      those metrics are obtained and the fact whether this will be
>      a sliding window or fixed time slots, e.g. new values each 10sec
>   b) I'd personally like to see some "packet filter" added to the
>      reporting record. Data might relate only to a fraction of all
>      traffic, e.g. only to UDP or only to traffic from videos.fun.org

The way I understood the set, is that this refers to 1 pair of
source-destination, that is, you get 5 numbers for traffic between src1
and dst1, then 5 other numbers for src1 to dst2.


>* additionally "availability" could be one metric
>   (probably with param = (list of) server(s) or network)

There is an availability metric but I don't think anybody has implemented
it.  I don't see the need in this set of 5 either, loss and delay already
tell you that the dst can see the src.  "availability" would just confirm
that.

Henk

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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RIPE Network Coordination Centre          http://www.amsterdamned.org/~henk
P.O.Box 10096          Singel 258         Phone: +31.20.5354414
1001 EB Amsterdam      1016 AB Amsterdam  Fax: +31.20.5354445
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1160438400. Watch this space... 


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=20
Dear all,

please see some comments inline.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Henk Uijterwaal [mailto:henk@ripe.net]=20
> Sent: Friday, April 21, 2006 10:51 AM
> To: Schmoll, Carsten; stanislav shalunov; ippm@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
>=20
> Carsten: If median cannot be used, then please explain why.

Technically median delay can of course be used, yet I don't=20
see its importance, since it does capture the influence of=20
dalay spikes/outliers even *less* than average delay - and a change
in those outliers, i.e. the tail of the delay distribution is
often the most significant issue to know when checking whether
some service could run with an acceptable quality. In case
I forgot about some important property of median delay, please=20
let me know.

> >* duplication: just lacks definition of a default timeout value
>=20
> I think we should define one time-out value for delay, loss and
> duplication.

Agree. The default value can be the same. It should be a=20
safe upper limit for OWD. Those 2sec would be find with me.


> >   b) I'd personally like to see some "packet filter" added to the
> >      reporting record. Data might relate only to a fraction of all
> >      traffic, e.g. only to UDP or only to traffic from
videos.fun.org
>=20
> The way I understood the set, is that this refers to 1 pair of
> source-destination, that is, you get 5 numbers for traffic=20
> between src1 and dst1, then 5 other numbers for src1 to dst2.

Yes, I would say so too. This opens the question: are src+dst part of
the reported parameters, part of the request by the client, or both?

With best regards,
Carsten.


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From ippm-bounces@ietf.org Fri Apr 21 09:05:00 2006
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Subject: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
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Dan Romascanu (new OPS AD) asked on MIB Doctors list for review
of this document, since it is on IESG agenda for April 27th.

So I reviewed the document.

Looks pretty good.

I have one question that maybe the authors or other WG members can answer
for me and that is:

  In section 4.5, it seems to allow for using msg sequence numbers OR 
  units of time (without even having defined what the unit is).

So I wonder how this definitions specifies an exact metric. The metric would
not be comparable from one to the other measurement if one of them uses
msg sequence numbers, while the other uses "units of time". Even if two of
them use "units of time" but different units (e.g. micro seconds vs milliseconds)
even then they would not be comparable.

Was it not the goal of IPPM to define EXACT metrics, so that results of
two different tests/measurments could be compared?

Bert

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From: Al Morton <acmorton@att.com>
Subject: Re: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
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Hi Bert,

Thanks for your review and questions.
Please see my take on the answers, below.
hope this helps,
Al

At 05:55 AM 4/21/2006, Wijnen, Bert (Bert) wrote:
>...
>Looks pretty good.
>
>I have one question that maybe the authors or other WG members can answer
>for me and that is:
>
>   In section 4.5, it seems to allow for using msg sequence numbers OR
>   units of time (without even having defined what the unit is).
>
>So I wonder how this definitions specifies an exact metric. The metric would
>not be comparable from one to the other measurement if one of them uses
>msg sequence numbers, while the other uses "units of time". Even if two of
>them use "units of time" but different units (e.g. micro seconds vs 
>milliseconds)
>even then they would not be comparable.

I'll tackle the issue of different time resolutions below.

In the case of the Gap metrics of Section 4.5, all the parameters
necessary to compute the Gap (in units of msg numbers) and
GapTime (in units of time) are mandatory, inherited from earlier
metrics (as 4.5.2 states).

If one reports a metric from this section, then the Gap metric is
mandatory, while the GapTime is optional:

       "Gaps may also be expressed in time:" (equation follows)

So, I don't think we should run into a problem when two different
testers report metrics that are compliant with section 4.5.  They
should be able to compare the Gap (msg number-based) metric, at least.


>Was it not the goal of IPPM to define EXACT metrics, so that results of
>two different tests/measurments could be compared?

None of the current IPPM metric RFCs mandate a resolution for time stamps.
The IPPM Framework RFC 2330 treats Clock Issues in Section 10,
and simply defines the term "resolution" as
"the smallest unit by which the clock's time is updated."

The One-way Delay RFC 2679 even allows for different resolutions
to be used on the Source and Destination clocks (from 3.7.1):
>    +  The resolution of a clock adds to uncertainty about any time
>       measured with it.  Thus, if the source clock has a resolution of
>       10 msec, then this adds 10 msec of uncertainty to any time value
>       measured with it.  We will denote the resolution of the source
>       clock and the destination clock as Rsource and Rdest,
>       respectively.

So, I believe we have specified the metric definitions "exactly",
or without ambiguity.  But the degree to which measurements
from different implementations will be comparable depends on
the details of each implementation, including the time stamp resolution
and other sources of error or uncertainty (such as time accuracy
and skew).


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To: "Wijnen, Bert (Bert)" <bwijnen@lucent.com>
From: Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org>
Subject: Re: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt 
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> Dan Romascanu (new OPS AD) asked on MIB Doctors list for review
> of this document, since it is on IESG agenda for April 27th.
> 
> So I reviewed the document.
> 
> Looks pretty good.
> 
> I have one question that maybe the authors or other WG members can answer
> for me and that is:
> 
>   In section 4.5, it seems to allow for using msg sequence numbers OR 
>   units of time (without even having defined what the unit is).
> 
> So I wonder how this definitions specifies an exact metric. The metric would
> not be comparable from one to the other measurement if one of them uses
> msg sequence numbers, while the other uses "units of time". Even if two of
> them use "units of time" but different units (e.g. micro seconds vs milliseconds)
> even then they would not be comparable.
> 
> Was it not the goal of IPPM to define EXACT metrics, so that results of
> two different tests/measurments could be compared?

I thought we agree to get rid of the "units of time" notion in that it
makes it either damn hard or impossible for the receiver to know what is
expected (as opposed to a sequence number, which makes it trivial).

allman




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To: mallman@icir.org,"Wijnen, Bert (Bert)" <bwijnen@lucent.com>
From: Al Morton <acmorton@att.com>
Subject: Re: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt 
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At 04:21 PM 4/21/2006, Mark Allman wrote:
>I thought we agree to get rid of the "units of time" notion in that it
>makes it either damn hard or impossible for the receiver to know what is
>expected (as opposed to a sequence number, which makes it trivial).
>
>allman

Yes, but your comments on this applied to section 3.

We use the message number in the reordering singleton definition.
We also agreed to keep SrcTime as a mandatory parameter, and mention
time and bytes only as secondary means to determine order.
When we discussed this in Minneapolis last year, you came to the
mic to agree with this, even where we did not implement your
comments verbatim (as with the SrcTime parameter).
A summary of comments and responses is here:
http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/05mar/slides/ippm-1.pdf

We're discussing a later section here (4.5), and you expressed no objections
about using time to quantify the extent of reordering, AFAIK.

Al


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Al-

> Yes, but your comments on this applied to section 3.
> 
> We use the message number in the reordering singleton definition.  We
> also agreed to keep SrcTime as a mandatory parameter, and mention time
> and bytes only as secondary means to determine order.  When we
> discussed this in Minneapolis last year, you came to the mic to agree
> with this, even where we did not implement your comments verbatim (as
> with the SrcTime parameter).  A summary of comments and responses is
> here: http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/05mar/slides/ippm-1.pdf
> 
> We're discussing a later section here (4.5), and you expressed no
> objections about using time to quantify the extent of reordering,
> AFAIK.

Doh!  This is what I get for not going back and looking at the draft.
You're right that my objection was in terms of determining the
out-of-orderness and not determining the extent or the characteristics
this dynamic created.  I do support the use of time for characterizing
reordering events, just not for determining the event.  But, somehow I
misread the context of Bert's note.  In any case, sorry for the spurious
chud.  I'll shut up now! :)

allman




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Subject: RE: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt 
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=20
=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: owner-mreview@ops.ietf.org=20
> [mailto:owner-mreview@ops.ietf.org] On Behalf Of Mark Allman
> Sent: Saturday, April 22, 2006 10:47 PM
> To: Al Morton
> Cc: Wijnen, Bert (Bert); Romascanu, Dan (Dan); ippm@ietf.org;=20
> Mreview (E-mail)
> Subject: Re: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt=20
>=20
>=20
> Al-
>=20
> > Yes, but your comments on this applied to section 3.
> >=20
> > We use the message number in the reordering singleton=20
> definition.  We=20
> > also agreed to keep SrcTime as a mandatory parameter, and=20
> mention time=20
> > and bytes only as secondary means to determine order.  When we=20
> > discussed this in Minneapolis last year, you came to the=20
> mic to agree=20
> > with this, even where we did not implement your comments=20
> verbatim (as=20
> > with the SrcTime parameter).  A summary of comments and responses is
> > here: http://www3.ietf.org/proceedings/05mar/slides/ippm-1.pdf
> >=20
> > We're discussing a later section here (4.5), and you expressed no=20
> > objections about using time to quantify the extent of reordering,=20
> > AFAIK.
>=20
> Doh!  This is what I get for not going back and looking at the draft.
> You're right that my objection was in terms of determining=20
> the out-of-orderness and not determining the extent or the=20
> characteristics this dynamic created.  I do support the use=20
> of time for characterizing reordering events, just not for=20
> determining the event.  But, somehow I misread the context of=20
> Bert's note.  In any case, sorry for the spurious chud.  I'll=20
> shut up now! :)
>=20
> allman
>=20
>=20

The context of the question is the comment made by Bert Wijnen wrt.
Section 4.5 of the document in preparation of the discussion of the
document in the IESG on 4/27. Bert is asking how 'would the metric be
comparable from one to the other measurement if one of them uses msg
sequence numbers, while the other uses "units of time". Even if two of
them use "units of time" but different units (e.g. micro seconds vs
milliseconds) even then they would not be comparable.'

I believe that his question is still pending.=20

Dan

>=20
>=20

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Subject: RE: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
Date: Sun, 23 Apr 2006 14:23:35 +0300
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Thread-Topic: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
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From: "Romascanu, Dan \(Dan\)" <dromasca@avaya.com>
To: "Al Morton" <acmorton@att.com>,
	"Wijnen, Bert \(Bert\)" <bwijnen@lucent.com>, <ippm@ietf.org>
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It is still not clear to me how this would work in the case one entity
determines gaps in units of time and the other uses message sequence
numbers. Or, in case message sequence numbers are mandatory anyway, why
does Section 4.5 still refer to units of time?=20

Dan


=20
=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Al Morton [mailto:acmorton@att.com]=20
> Sent: Friday, April 21, 2006 10:05 PM
> To: Wijnen, Bert (Bert); ippm@ietf.org
> Cc: Romascanu, Dan (Dan); Mreview (E-mail)
> Subject: Re: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
>=20
> Hi Bert,
>=20
> Thanks for your review and questions.
> Please see my take on the answers, below.
> hope this helps,
> Al
>=20
> At 05:55 AM 4/21/2006, Wijnen, Bert (Bert) wrote:
> >...
> >Looks pretty good.
> >
> >I have one question that maybe the authors or other WG members can=20
> >answer for me and that is:
> >
> >   In section 4.5, it seems to allow for using msg sequence=20
> numbers OR
> >   units of time (without even having defined what the unit is).
> >
> >So I wonder how this definitions specifies an exact metric.=20
> The metric=20
> >would not be comparable from one to the other measurement if one of=20
> >them uses msg sequence numbers, while the other uses "units=20
> of time".=20
> >Even if two of them use "units of time" but different units=20
> (e.g. micro=20
> >seconds vs
> >milliseconds)
> >even then they would not be comparable.
>=20
> I'll tackle the issue of different time resolutions below.
>=20
> In the case of the Gap metrics of Section 4.5, all the=20
> parameters necessary to compute the Gap (in units of msg=20
> numbers) and GapTime (in units of time) are mandatory,=20
> inherited from earlier metrics (as 4.5.2 states).
>=20
> If one reports a metric from this section, then the Gap=20
> metric is mandatory, while the GapTime is optional:
>=20
>        "Gaps may also be expressed in time:" (equation follows)
>=20
> So, I don't think we should run into a problem when two=20
> different testers report metrics that are compliant with=20
> section 4.5.  They should be able to compare the Gap (msg=20
> number-based) metric, at least.
>=20
>=20
> >Was it not the goal of IPPM to define EXACT metrics, so that=20
> results of=20
> >two different tests/measurments could be compared?
>=20
> None of the current IPPM metric RFCs mandate a resolution for=20
> time stamps.
> The IPPM Framework RFC 2330 treats Clock Issues in Section=20
> 10, and simply defines the term "resolution" as "the smallest=20
> unit by which the clock's time is updated."
>=20
> The One-way Delay RFC 2679 even allows for different=20
> resolutions to be used on the Source and Destination clocks=20
> (from 3.7.1):
> >    +  The resolution of a clock adds to uncertainty about any time
> >       measured with it.  Thus, if the source clock has a=20
> resolution of
> >       10 msec, then this adds 10 msec of uncertainty to any=20
> time value
> >       measured with it.  We will denote the resolution of the source
> >       clock and the destination clock as Rsource and Rdest,
> >       respectively.
>=20
> So, I believe we have specified the metric definitions=20
> "exactly", or without ambiguity.  But the degree to which=20
> measurements from different implementations will be=20
> comparable depends on the details of each implementation,=20
> including the time stamp resolution and other sources of=20
> error or uncertainty (such as time accuracy and skew).
>=20
>=20

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From ippm-bounces@ietf.org Sun Apr 23 11:00:50 2006
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Subject: RE: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
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Good morning, Dan.

At 07:23 AM 4/23/2006, Romascanu, Dan \(Dan\) wrote:
>It is still not clear to me how this would work in the case one entity
>determines gaps in units of time and the other uses message sequence
>numbers.

As I said below, I don't believe that reporting
*either* Gap or GapTime is possible when claiming compliance.
The text (reproduced below) says "may also" which to me says:
"permission to report GapTime, in addition to Gap".

So any system claiming compliance with section 4.5 would
report Gaps (based on message numbers),
and Gaps would always be a basis for comparison between compliant
systems. GapTime is optional, Gaps are not.

>Or, in case message sequence numbers are mandatory anyway, why
>does Section 4.5 still refer to units of time?

And as I clarified below, the DstTime parameter is introduced
in section 4.3.2, and is mandatory for section 4.5:
> > In the case of the Gap metrics of Section 4.5, all the
> > parameters necessary to compute the Gap (in units of msg
> > numbers) and GapTime (in units of time) are mandatory,
> > inherited from earlier metrics (as 4.5.2 states).

Finally, (in response to your earlier message)
time stamp resolution is an implementation detail
here in IPPM, unless you claim compliance with the active
measurement protocol. Using different Timestamp resolutions certainly
affects the degree to which the results can be compared, but
that's just one of the possible errors and uncertainties,
and it doesn't make comparison impossible.

hope this helps,
Al



>Dan
>
>
>
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Al Morton [mailto:acmorton@att.com]
> > Sent: Friday, April 21, 2006 10:05 PM
> > To: Wijnen, Bert (Bert); ippm@ietf.org
> > Cc: Romascanu, Dan (Dan); Mreview (E-mail)
> > Subject: Re: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
> >
> > Hi Bert,
> >
> > Thanks for your review and questions.
> > Please see my take on the answers, below.
> > hope this helps,
> > Al
> >
> > At 05:55 AM 4/21/2006, Wijnen, Bert (Bert) wrote:
> > >...
> > >Looks pretty good.
> > >
> > >I have one question that maybe the authors or other WG members can
> > >answer for me and that is:
> > >
> > >   In section 4.5, it seems to allow for using msg sequence
> > numbers OR
> > >   units of time (without even having defined what the unit is).
> > >
> > >So I wonder how this definitions specifies an exact metric.
> > The metric
> > >would not be comparable from one to the other measurement if one of
> > >them uses msg sequence numbers, while the other uses "units
> > of time".
> > >Even if two of them use "units of time" but different units
> > (e.g. micro
> > >seconds vs
> > >milliseconds)
> > >even then they would not be comparable.
> >
> > I'll tackle the issue of different time resolutions below.
> >
> > In the case of the Gap metrics of Section 4.5, all the
> > parameters necessary to compute the Gap (in units of msg
> > numbers) and GapTime (in units of time) are mandatory,
> > inherited from earlier metrics (as 4.5.2 states).
> >
> > If one reports a metric from this section, then the Gap
> > metric is mandatory, while the GapTime is optional:
> >
> >        "Gaps may also be expressed in time:" (equation follows)
> >
> > So, I don't think we should run into a problem when two
> > different testers report metrics that are compliant with
> > section 4.5.  They should be able to compare the Gap (msg
> > number-based) metric, at least.
> >
> >
> > >Was it not the goal of IPPM to define EXACT metrics, so that
> > results of
> > >two different tests/measurments could be compared?
> >
> > None of the current IPPM metric RFCs mandate a resolution for
> > time stamps.
> > The IPPM Framework RFC 2330 treats Clock Issues in Section
> > 10, and simply defines the term "resolution" as "the smallest
> > unit by which the clock's time is updated."
> >
> > The One-way Delay RFC 2679 even allows for different
> > resolutions to be used on the Source and Destination clocks
> > (from 3.7.1):
> > >    +  The resolution of a clock adds to uncertainty about any time
> > >       measured with it.  Thus, if the source clock has a
> > resolution of
> > >       10 msec, then this adds 10 msec of uncertainty to any
> > time value
> > >       measured with it.  We will denote the resolution of the source
> > >       clock and the destination clock as Rsource and Rdest,
> > >       respectively.
> >
> > So, I believe we have specified the metric definitions
> > "exactly", or without ambiguity.  But the degree to which
> > measurements from different implementations will be
> > comparable depends on the details of each implementation,
> > including the time stamp resolution and other sources of
> > error or uncertainty (such as time accuracy and skew).
> >
> >


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https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ippm



From ippm-bounces@ietf.org Mon Apr 24 16:38:41 2006
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From: "Alan Clark" <alan.d.clark@telchemy.com>
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Subject: [ippm] Open source ITU-T G.1050 IP impairment simulation/ emulation
	software
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IPPM members may be interested in the new ITU-T G.1050 / TIA 921 IP
impairment simulation/emulation model.  This uses an impulse driven time
series model to emulate the packet delays introduced by a network "stage",
which may be a LAN, access router etc. 
 
Telchemy developed the original algorithm for this and also maintained the
reference implementation associated with the TIA and ITU projects.  We
decided to make this available free of any IPR and also to make the source
code freely available.  Obviously, if anyone would like copies of the
associated TIA and ITU standards they would need to purchase these from TIA
and ITU respectively.   The software and some documentation is available on
www.telchemy.com/telsim.html - we would welcome technical comments related
to this software, and would appreciate feedback on applications. 
 
 
Alan Clark
Telchemy
 
 

------=_NextPart_000_00C1_01C667BD.7A0055C0
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<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT size=3D2>IPPM members may be =
interested=20
in the new ITU-T G.1050 / TIA 921 IP impairment simulation/emulation=20
model.&nbsp; This uses an impulse driven&nbsp;time series model to =
emulate the=20
packet delays introduced by a network "stage", which may be a LAN, =
access router=20
etc. </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT =
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT size=3D2>Telchemy developed =
the original=20
algorithm for this and also maintained the reference implementation =
associated=20
with the TIA and ITU projects.&nbsp; We decided to make this available =
free of=20
any IPR and also to make the source code freely available.&nbsp; =
Obviously, if=20
anyone would like copies of the associated TIA and ITU standards they =
would need=20
to purchase these from TIA and ITU respectively.&nbsp;&nbsp; The =
software and=20
some documentation is available on <A=20
href=3D"http://www.telchemy.com/telsim.html">www.telchemy.com/telsim.html=
</A>&nbsp;-=20
we would welcome technical comments related to this software, and would=20
appreciate feedback on applications.&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT =
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT =
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT size=3D2>Alan =
Clark</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT =
size=3D2>Telchemy</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT =
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D621352220-24042006><FONT=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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On Tue, Apr 18, 2006 at 10:10:28AM +0200, Patrik Arlos wrote:
> 1) Would it not be possibly to say that a speed reduction is due to packet
> loss/signal degradation. What I'm getting at is that we can view the NPLC as
> fixed, it's just subject to more disturbances, thus making the perceived
> capacity (as viewed from layer +1) smaller than the NPLC. 
> 
> In short, I agree that it is sufficient to say that "NomCap (t,t+I) >
> C(t,t+I), for all values of t and I."

Ok, cool.

> 2) I think that you should add one line that highlights how link-layer links
> are supposed to be treated, just for clarification. 

I added a two sentence blurb that attempts to do that.  See...

> Can you send a copy/url to the current working document?

http://roland.grc.nasa.gov/~jishac/share/draft-ietf-ippm-bw-capacity-02.txt

The changes fall in Section 2, page 5.

Thanks!

-Joseph

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Subject: Re: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
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Hi -

I think the question is much simpler.  Without getting into the question
of accuracy or precision of the measurements, what are the UNITS
in which they are reported?

Randy

----- Original Message ----- 
> From: "Al Morton" <acmorton@att.com>
> To: "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)" <dromasca@avaya.com>; "Wijnen, Bert (Bert)" <bwijnen@lucent.com>; <ippm@ietf.org>
> Cc: "Mreview (E-mail)" <mreview@ops.ietf.org>
> Sent: Sunday, April 23, 2006 8:00 AM
> Subject: RE: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
>
> Good morning, Dan.
> 
> At 07:23 AM 4/23/2006, Romascanu, Dan \(Dan\) wrote:
> >It is still not clear to me how this would work in the case one entity
> >determines gaps in units of time and the other uses message sequence
> >numbers.
> 
> As I said below, I don't believe that reporting
> *either* Gap or GapTime is possible when claiming compliance.
> The text (reproduced below) says "may also" which to me says:
> "permission to report GapTime, in addition to Gap".
> 
> So any system claiming compliance with section 4.5 would
> report Gaps (based on message numbers),
> and Gaps would always be a basis for comparison between compliant
> systems. GapTime is optional, Gaps are not.
> 
> >Or, in case message sequence numbers are mandatory anyway, why
> >does Section 4.5 still refer to units of time?
> 
> And as I clarified below, the DstTime parameter is introduced
> in section 4.3.2, and is mandatory for section 4.5:
> > > In the case of the Gap metrics of Section 4.5, all the
> > > parameters necessary to compute the Gap (in units of msg
> > > numbers) and GapTime (in units of time) are mandatory,
> > > inherited from earlier metrics (as 4.5.2 states).
> 
> Finally, (in response to your earlier message)
> time stamp resolution is an implementation detail
> here in IPPM, unless you claim compliance with the active
> measurement protocol. Using different Timestamp resolutions certainly
> affects the degree to which the results can be compared, but
> that's just one of the possible errors and uncertainties,
> and it doesn't make comparison impossible.
> 
> hope this helps,
> Al
> 
> 
> 
> >Dan
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Al Morton [mailto:acmorton@att.com]
> > > Sent: Friday, April 21, 2006 10:05 PM
> > > To: Wijnen, Bert (Bert); ippm@ietf.org
> > > Cc: Romascanu, Dan (Dan); Mreview (E-mail)
> > > Subject: Re: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
> > >
> > > Hi Bert,
> > >
> > > Thanks for your review and questions.
> > > Please see my take on the answers, below.
> > > hope this helps,
> > > Al
> > >
> > > At 05:55 AM 4/21/2006, Wijnen, Bert (Bert) wrote:
> > > >...
> > > >Looks pretty good.
> > > >
> > > >I have one question that maybe the authors or other WG members can
> > > >answer for me and that is:
> > > >
> > > >   In section 4.5, it seems to allow for using msg sequence
> > > numbers OR
> > > >   units of time (without even having defined what the unit is).
> > > >
> > > >So I wonder how this definitions specifies an exact metric.
> > > The metric
> > > >would not be comparable from one to the other measurement if one of
> > > >them uses msg sequence numbers, while the other uses "units
> > > of time".
> > > >Even if two of them use "units of time" but different units
> > > (e.g. micro
> > > >seconds vs
> > > >milliseconds)
> > > >even then they would not be comparable.
> > >
> > > I'll tackle the issue of different time resolutions below.
> > >
> > > In the case of the Gap metrics of Section 4.5, all the
> > > parameters necessary to compute the Gap (in units of msg
> > > numbers) and GapTime (in units of time) are mandatory,
> > > inherited from earlier metrics (as 4.5.2 states).
> > >
> > > If one reports a metric from this section, then the Gap
> > > metric is mandatory, while the GapTime is optional:
> > >
> > >        "Gaps may also be expressed in time:" (equation follows)
> > >
> > > So, I don't think we should run into a problem when two
> > > different testers report metrics that are compliant with
> > > section 4.5.  They should be able to compare the Gap (msg
> > > number-based) metric, at least.
> > >
> > >
> > > >Was it not the goal of IPPM to define EXACT metrics, so that
> > > results of
> > > >two different tests/measurments could be compared?
> > >
> > > None of the current IPPM metric RFCs mandate a resolution for
> > > time stamps.
> > > The IPPM Framework RFC 2330 treats Clock Issues in Section
> > > 10, and simply defines the term "resolution" as "the smallest
> > > unit by which the clock's time is updated."
> > >
> > > The One-way Delay RFC 2679 even allows for different
> > > resolutions to be used on the Source and Destination clocks
> > > (from 3.7.1):
> > > >    +  The resolution of a clock adds to uncertainty about any time
> > > >       measured with it.  Thus, if the source clock has a
> > > resolution of
> > > >       10 msec, then this adds 10 msec of uncertainty to any
> > > time value
> > > >       measured with it.  We will denote the resolution of the source
> > > >       clock and the destination clock as Rsource and Rdest,
> > > >       respectively.
> > >
> > > So, I believe we have specified the metric definitions
> > > "exactly", or without ambiguity.  But the degree to which
> > > measurements from different implementations will be
> > > comparable depends on the details of each implementation,
> > > including the time stamp resolution and other sources of
> > > error or uncertainty (such as time accuracy and skew).
> > >
> > >
> 
> 


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IPPM,

After several off-list exchanges with Bert and Dan, we have a better
statement of the issues Bert raised w.r.t. reordering metrics Sec 4.5:

1. Metrics with multiple output parameters are somewhat problematic
for NM systems, and a simple MetricName:value relationship is desired.

If we defined two metrics in Sec 4.5, they could be called:
      Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Gap-Stream
      Type-P-Packet-Reordering-GapTime-Stream
and then we could easily refer to them in the IANA section,
and get a metric number assigned to each one in the registry.

However, I see that we would have to do the same thing in Sec 4.6.
There are four output parameters that we defined, so we would
need a new metric name for each one:
      Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Free-Run-x-numruns-Stream
      Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Free-Run-q-squruns-Stream
      Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Free-Run-p-numpkts-Stream
      Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Free-Run-a-accpkts-Stream

An alternative to adding all these new metric names would
be to simply revise the (new) IANA section to reflect the existence
of output parameters, but this seems less straightforward.

So the current plan is to add the new metric names and corresponding
entries in the IANA section. (Also, it's possible to revise the
text of section 4.5 to make it more clear the GapTime is optional,
and we'll make those changes while in that neighborhood.)


Back to Bert's Issues:
2. When a metric is reported in units of time, it's much easier
to compare the results between systems if the same resolution
is used, and some standard solution should be developed.

My conclusion is that all the "time" metrics in the current
IPPM registry RFC 4148 would not necessarily be reported
with a standard resolution because IPPM has allowed flexibility
in this area (and even the units might differ: seconds vs. millisec).
In order for the registry to be useful, more standardization
is needed, and the need is larger than the reordering draft.
I believe we need an agreement/solution that covers all
our metrics as pertains to their values stored and reported in the
context of the metric registry.

Also, Randy Presuhn observed that we have have not explicitly
specified the units of time in the reordering draft, possibly
because we been using the word "time" synonymously with "seconds".
This is easily corrected in sections 4.3 and 4.5, where we
would specify units of seconds explicitly.

Constructive comments on any of these issues would be welcome.

Al


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From ippm-bounces@ietf.org Tue Apr 25 12:04:16 2006
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To: Al Morton <acmorton@att.com>, "Romascanu, Dan (Dan)"
	<dromasca@avaya.com>, ippm@ietf.org
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Thanks Al, you summarized our discussion wel.

Bert

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Al Morton [mailto:acmorton@att.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 25, 2006 17:53
> To: Romascanu, Dan (Dan); Wijnen, Bert (Bert); ippm@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [ippm] Review of: draft-ietf-ippm-reordering-12.txt
> 
> 
> IPPM,
> 
> After several off-list exchanges with Bert and Dan, we have a better
> statement of the issues Bert raised w.r.t. reordering metrics Sec 4.5:
> 
> 1. Metrics with multiple output parameters are somewhat problematic
> for NM systems, and a simple MetricName:value relationship is desired.
> 
> If we defined two metrics in Sec 4.5, they could be called:
>       Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Gap-Stream
>       Type-P-Packet-Reordering-GapTime-Stream
> and then we could easily refer to them in the IANA section,
> and get a metric number assigned to each one in the registry.
> 
> However, I see that we would have to do the same thing in Sec 4.6.
> There are four output parameters that we defined, so we would
> need a new metric name for each one:
>       Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Free-Run-x-numruns-Stream
>       Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Free-Run-q-squruns-Stream
>       Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Free-Run-p-numpkts-Stream
>       Type-P-Packet-Reordering-Free-Run-a-accpkts-Stream
> 
> An alternative to adding all these new metric names would
> be to simply revise the (new) IANA section to reflect the existence
> of output parameters, but this seems less straightforward.
> 
> So the current plan is to add the new metric names and corresponding
> entries in the IANA section. (Also, it's possible to revise the
> text of section 4.5 to make it more clear the GapTime is optional,
> and we'll make those changes while in that neighborhood.)
> 
> 
> Back to Bert's Issues:
> 2. When a metric is reported in units of time, it's much easier
> to compare the results between systems if the same resolution
> is used, and some standard solution should be developed.
> 
> My conclusion is that all the "time" metrics in the current
> IPPM registry RFC 4148 would not necessarily be reported
> with a standard resolution because IPPM has allowed flexibility
> in this area (and even the units might differ: seconds vs. millisec).
> In order for the registry to be useful, more standardization
> is needed, and the need is larger than the reordering draft.
> I believe we need an agreement/solution that covers all
> our metrics as pertains to their values stored and reported in the
> context of the metric registry.
> 
> Also, Randy Presuhn observed that we have have not explicitly
> specified the units of time in the reordering draft, possibly
> because we been using the word "time" synonymously with "seconds".
> This is easily corrected in sections 4.3 and 4.5, where we
> would specify units of seconds explicitly.
> 
> Constructive comments on any of these issues would be welcome.
> 
> Al
> 

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To: "Schmoll, Carsten" <Carsten.Schmoll@fokus.fraunhofer.de>
Subject: Re: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
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"Schmoll, Carsten" <Carsten.Schmoll@fokus.fraunhofer.de> writes:

> I read your draft and I think it is going in the 
> right direction. Some suggestions for the next 
> version from my point of view are:

Carsten,

Thank you for the thoughtful review.  In my response, unless specified
otherwise, unidiff format means changes I made to the document to
accommodate your concern.

> * Motivation: should state some application areas, i.e.
>   "why would a human user want to get those values" - e.g.
>   'to check that IP telephony would be feasable with available QoS'

@@ -68,7 +68,28 @@
 Such a set would enable different tools to produce results that can be
 compared against each other.</t>
 
-<t>The set is meant for human consumption.  It must therefore be
+<t>Existing tools already report statistic about the network.  This is
+done for varying reasons: network testing tools, such as the ping
+program available in UNIX-derived operating systems as well as in
+Microsoft Windows, report statistics with no knowledge of why the user
+is running the program; networked games might report statistics of the
+network connection to the server so users can better understand why
+they get the results they get (e.g., if something is slow, is this
+because of the network or the CPU?), so they can compare their
+statistics to those of others (``you're not lagged any more than I
+am'') or perhaps so that users can decide whether they need to upgrade
+the connection to their home; IP telephony hardware and software might
+report the statistics for similar reasons.  While existing tools
+report statistics all right, the particular set of metrics they choose
+is ad hoc; some metrics are not statistically robust, some are not
+relevant, and some are not easy to understand; more important than
+specific shortcomings, however, is the incompatibility: even if the
+sets of metrics were perfect, they would still be all different, and,
+therefore, metrics reported by different tools would not be
+comparable.</t>
+
+<t>The set of metrics of this document is meant for human consumption.
+It must therefore be
 small.  Anything greater than half-dozen numbers is certainly too
 confusing.</t>

> * please don't be offended, but I disagree on the traffic 
>   statistics you plan to apply to the traffic metrics.
>   To me they seem to be quite unusual. see below:
> 
> * delay: I would suggest to use mean or a high percentile as
>   I have never seen median delay to be used to report QoS

Henk already responded to this.

Mean of delay is undefined, infinite, or unknown (depending on how you
look at it) for most samples.  Reporting invalid statistics can't be a
good strategy.  The only thing mean has going for it is that it's
trivial to compute.  Luckily, percentiles can be computed
approximately with good efficiency, too.  In addition, mean, even when
defined, is not robust.

I fail to see advantage of high percentile over median.  A high
percentile will be more frequently infinite, is less robust, is harder
to understand, and, in general, has no advantages in relevancy,
orthogonality, or ease of computation [1].

> * loss: just a typo = per cent -> percent

Actually, it was not a typo, but if it causes confusion, then

-<t>Loss is the fraction, expressed in per cent, of packets that did
+<t>Loss is the fraction, expressed as a percentage, of packets that did

> * jitter: as far as I know the two common defintions are 
>   (high) percentile minus min delay across some interval
>   (ITU approach) or min/max of IP delay variation, taken from
>   the series of differences of consecutuve OWD values (IETF approach)

The definition of the document fits into the very general IPDV
framework (with an appropriate selection function, if I remember IPDV
terminology right).

The use of 0th percentile (minimum) in inter-percentile spread is,
indeed, appealing.  However, it is appealing for reasons that might
turn out to be temporary: namely, the main reason to use a min is that
it the maximum likelihood estimator of propagation delay in network
models where propagation delay is fixed and queuing delay is
distributed so that there's significant clumping at 0 (ddf(x) -->
+infinity as x --> +0 is a necessary condition, but almost certainly
not sufficient; shifted exponential distribution works as an example
where minimum, is, indeed, the maximum likelihood estimate of the
shift parameter).  Maximum likelihood estimators are asymptotically
consistent, and this makes minimum attractive.  However, two
considerations made me reject it:

(1) While one end of the spread starts to mean something, the other is
    just as arbitrary.  Using maximum as the other end is clearly a
    poor choice, so symmetry must be broken.  This makes the metric
    harder to understand.

(2) In today's world, indeed, the minimum delay is a decent
    propagation delay estimate.  We don't know whether it'll remain
    this way.  For example, a world with most traffic going between
    high-speed wireless points (e.g., where a ubiquitous mode of
    connectivity is through a low-orbit satellites) has little use for
    minimum delay.  In such a world minimum breaks.  On the other
    hand, interquartile spread is a well-understood metric that is
    robust without strong assumptions about the nature of the
    distribution.

> * duplication: just lacks definition of a default timeout value

 <t>Duplication is the fraction of packets for which more than a single
-copy of the packet was received within the timeout period, expressed
+copy of the packet was received within the timeout period (same
+timeout as in the definition of loss), expressed
 in percentage points.</t>

> * additionally I think two things will need to be added to the draft:
>   a) mentioning about the size of the interval about which all
>      those metrics are obtained and the fact whether this will be 
>      a sliding window or fixed time slots, e.g. new values each 10sec
>   b) I'd personally like to see some "packet filter" added to the
>      reporting record. Data might relate only to a fraction of all
>      traffic, e.g. only to UDP or only to traffic from videos.fun.org

+<section title="Sample Source">
+
+<t><xref target="sec-metrics"/> describes the metrics to compute on a
+sample of measurements.  The source of the sample in not discussed
+there, and, indeed, the metrics discussed (delay, loss, etc.) are
+simply estimators that could be applied to any sample whatsoever.  For
+the names of the estimators to be applicable, of course, the
+measurements need to come from a packet delivery network.</t>
+
+<t>The data in the samples for the set of metrics discussed in this
+document can come from the following sources: one-way active
+measurement, round-trip measurement, and passive measurement.  There
+infrequently is a choice between active and passive measurement, as,
+typically, only one is available; consequently, no preference is given
+to one over the other.  In cases where clocks can be expected to be
+synchronized, in general, one-way measurements are preferred over
+round-trip measurements (as one-way measurements are more
+informative).  When one-way measurements cannot be obtained, or when
+clocks cannot be expected to be synchronized, round-trip measurement
+MAY be used.</t>
+
+<section title="One-Way Active Measurement" anchor="sec-one-way">
+
+<t>The default duration of the measurement interval is 10 milliseconds.</t>
+
+<t>The default sending schedule is a Poisson stream.</t>
+
+<t>The default sending rate is 10 packets/second on average.  When
+randomized schedules, such as a Poisson stream, are used, the rate
+MUST be set with the distribution parameter(s).</t>
+
+<t>The default packet size is the minimum necessary for the
+measurement.</t>
+
+<t>Values other than the default ones MAY be used; if they are used,
+their use, and specific values used, MUST be reported.</t>
+
+<t>A one-way active measurement is characterized by the source IP
+address, the destination IP address, and the time when measurement was
+taken.  For the time, the middle of the measurement interval MUST be
+reported.</t>
+
+</section>
 
+<section title="Round-Trip Active Measurement">
+
+<t>The same default parameters and characterization apply to
+round-trip measurement as to one-way measurement (<xref
+target="sec-one-way"/>).</t>
+
+</section>
+
+<section title="Passive Measurement">
+
+<t>Passive measurement use whatever data it is natural to use.  For
+example, an IP telephony application or a networked game would use the
+data that it sends.  An analysis of performance of a link might use
+all the packets that traversed the link in the measurement interval.
+An analysis of performance of an Internet service provider's network
+might use all the packets that traversed the network in the
+measurement interval.  An analysis of performance of a specific
+service from the point of view of a given site might use an
+appropriate filter to select only the relevant packets.</t>
+
+<t>The same default duration applies to passive measurement as to
+one-way active measurement (<xref target="sec-one-way"/>).</t>
+
+<t>When the passive measurement data is reported in real time, a
+sliding window SHOULD be used as a measurement period, so that recent
+data become more quickly reflected.</t>
+
+</section>
+
+</section>

> * additionally "availability" could be one metric
>   (probably with param = (list of) server(s) or network)

Why aren't existing metrics enough?  When no packets come through,
you'll see

delay = +infinity
loss = 100%
jitter = undefined
duplication = 0%
reordering = 0%

Is that not enough?

> * a small final note (not specific to the draft): when applying the 
>   ITU definition for jitter, then high percentile of delay and jitter
>   are quite correlated, and just differ by the interval's min-delay.
>   I cannot say if/how they correlate when the IETF definition (IPDV) is
> used.

The median and the interquartile spread are sufficiently orthogonal
and widely used by statisticians.

> * one question from my side: how would you define/report the measurement
> parameters?
>   (i.e. the src/dst/network/path to which the reported delay/jitter etc.
> applies)

I believe this is covered now.

Thanks again,                                           --Stanislav

P.S. I'll send out a version of the draft with these changes rolled in.

[1] Well, OK, the 100th percentile (maximum) *is* easier to compute,
but it is clearly unusable otherwise, as it has all the deficiencies
of mean, only to a much larger extent.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

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From ippm-bounces@ietf.org Tue Apr 25 18:26:40 2006
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To: Henk Uijterwaal <henk@ripe.net>
Subject: Re: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
References: <70524A4436C03E43A293958B505008B61B9CFB@EXCHSRV.fokus.fraunhofer.de>
	<7.0.1.0.2.20060421103820.0346a710@ripe.net>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 25 Apr 2006 18:26:15 -0400
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Henk Uijterwaal <henk@ripe.net> writes:

> >* Motivation: should state some application areas, i.e.
> >   "why would a human user want to get those values" - e.g.
> >   'to check that IP telephony would be feasable with available QoS'
> 
> I agree with this.

Addressed.

> >* delay: I would suggest to use mean or a high percentile as
> >   I have never seen median delay to be used to report QoS
> 
> We have had this discussion before and consensus seems that median (or
> percentiles in general) seem the most appropriate way to report delays.
> We should probably point to this discussion.
> 
> Carsten: If median cannot be used, then please explain why.

Agreed.

> >* duplication: just lacks definition of a default timeout value
> 
> I think we should define one time-out value for delay, loss and
> duplication.

I believe this is what we have now.

> >* additionally I think two things will need to be added to the draft:
> >   a) mentioning about the size of the interval about which all
> >      those metrics are obtained and the fact whether this will be
> >      a sliding window or fixed time slots, e.g. new values each 10sec
> >   b) I'd personally like to see some "packet filter" added to the
> >      reporting record. Data might relate only to a fraction of all
> >      traffic, e.g. only to UDP or only to traffic from videos.fun.org
> 
> The way I understood the set, is that this refers to 1 pair of
> source-destination, that is, you get 5 numbers for traffic between src1
> and dst1, then 5 other numbers for src1 to dst2.

This is addressed now.  (The applicability, as written, is more
general than that.)

> >* additionally "availability" could be one metric
> >   (probably with param = (list of) server(s) or network)
> 
> There is an availability metric but I don't think anybody has implemented
> it.  I don't see the need in this set of 5 either, loss and delay already
> tell you that the dst can see the src.  "availability" would just confirm
> that.

Agreed.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

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From ippm-bounces@ietf.org Tue Apr 25 18:30:07 2006
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To: "Schmoll, Carsten" <Carsten.Schmoll@fokus.fraunhofer.de>
Subject: Re: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
References: <70524A4436C03E43A293958B505008B61B9D13@EXCHSRV.fokus.fraunhofer.de>
From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 25 Apr 2006 18:29:31 -0400
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"Schmoll, Carsten" <Carsten.Schmoll@fokus.fraunhofer.de> writes:

> Technically median delay can of course be used, yet I don't 
> see its importance, since it does capture the influence of 
> dalay spikes/outliers even *less* than average delay

Exactly.  In other words, median is more robust.

> - and a change in those outliers, i.e. the tail of the delay
> distribution is often the most significant issue to know when
> checking whether some service could run with an acceptable quality.

Jitter characterizes how variable the delay is.  Delay is as robust as
possible and does not attempt to characterize micro-variation; indeed,
it avoids doing so for orthogonality reasons.

> In case I forgot about some important property of median
> delay, please let me know.

> > >* duplication: just lacks definition of a default timeout value
> > 
> > I think we should define one time-out value for delay, loss and
> > duplication.
> 
> Agree. The default value can be the same. It should be a 
> safe upper limit for OWD. Those 2sec would be find with me.

That's what we have.

> > >   b) I'd personally like to see some "packet filter" added to the
> > >      reporting record. Data might relate only to a fraction of all
> > >      traffic, e.g. only to UDP or only to traffic from
> videos.fun.org
> > 
> > The way I understood the set, is that this refers to 1 pair of
> > source-destination, that is, you get 5 numbers for traffic 
> > between src1 and dst1, then 5 other numbers for src1 to dst2.
> 
> Yes, I would say so too. This opens the question: are src+dst part of
> the reported parameters, part of the request by the client, or both?

The former.  There is not necessarily anything one might call a client.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

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-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----

Please publish
http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/ippm/draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-02.txt
(SHA1 = 041cf9ad336a8446f06787a2ccc271c668130463) as an internet-draft.

- -- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

Heather has two mommies.  That's nothing.  The Internet has at least
two dozen daddies.

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Subject: Re: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
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At 06:26 PM 4/25/2006, stanislav shalunov wrote:
> > > [Carsten wrote:]
> > >* delay: I would suggest to use mean or a high percentile as
> > >   I have never seen median delay to be used to report QoS
> > [Henk wrote:]
> > We have had this discussion before and consensus seems that median (or
> > percentiles in general) seem the most appropriate way to report delays.
> > We should probably point to this discussion.
> >
> > Carsten: If median cannot be used, then please explain why.
>
>Agreed.

Can someone provide the pointer to this discussion?

thx,
Al




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From ippm-bounces@ietf.org Thu Apr 27 00:27:17 2006
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To: Al Morton <acmorton@att.com>
Subject: Re: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
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Al Morton <acmorton@att.com> writes:

> At 06:26 PM 4/25/2006, stanislav shalunov wrote:
> > > > [Carsten wrote:]
> > > >* delay: I would suggest to use mean or a high percentile as
> > > >   I have never seen median delay to be used to report QoS
> > > [Henk wrote:]
> > > We have had this discussion before and consensus seems that median (or
> > > percentiles in general) seem the most appropriate way to report delays.
> > > We should probably point to this discussion.
> > >
> > > Carsten: If median cannot be used, then please explain why.
> >
> >Agreed.
> 
> Can someone provide the pointer to this discussion?

I can't seem to find the pointers, but the fact that mean of observed
values is not the best estimator has been rehashed a few times.  One
notable outcome is the prominent absence of mean delay from RFC2679.
I'll write up the usual boring reasons why mean delay is an invalid
metric, and why mean of the observed singleton delays is not very
useful so that the writeup is more permanent than the back-and-forth
of the mailing list.

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

A fool's brain digests philosophy into folly, science into superstition,
and art into pedantry.  Hence University education.       -- G. B. Shaw

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To: Al Morton <acmorton@att.com>
Subject: Re: [ippm] draft-shalunov-ippm-reporting-00.txt
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From: stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu>
Date: 27 Apr 2006 14:57:48 -0400
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stanislav shalunov <shalunov@internet2.edu> writes:

> I can't seem to find the pointers, but the fact that mean of observed
> values is not the best estimator has been rehashed a few times.  One
> notable outcome is the prominent absence of mean delay from RFC2679.
> I'll write up the usual boring reasons why mean delay is an invalid
> metric, and why mean of the observed singleton delays is not very
> useful so that the writeup is more permanent than the back-and-forth
> of the mailing list.

As promised,
http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/writing/mean-delay-considered-harmful.html

-- 
Stanislav Shalunov		http://www.internet2.edu/~shalunov/

Democracy is a form of government that substitutes election by the
incompetent many for appointment by the corrupt few.  -- G. B. Shaw

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