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Subject: [Mobike] ASWN 2005 CFP - extended deadline : April 11th
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[My sincere apologies if you receive multiple copies of this CFP]

CALL FOR PAPERS


------------------------------------------------------
ASWN 2005
5th Workshop on Applications and Services in Wireless Networks

Maison de la Chimie
28 rue Saint Dominique- 75007, Paris - FRANCE
June 29th - July 1st, 2005
--------------------------------------------------------
ASWN 2005 is the fifth workshop on Applications and
Services in Wireless Networks. The workshop
addresses the challenges and advances in future
wireless applications and services that span all wireless
architectures and technologies, such as cellular, WLAN,
WPAN, ad hoc, and sensor networks. The format of the
workshop is based on three-day single-track sessions,
with presentations of invited and regular papers from
academia and industry. This year's special theme is the
impact of newly emerging technologies, such as sensor
networks, embedded systems, systems on chip, and
nanotechnologies, on wireless applications and
services. The workshop solicits original technical paper
contributions in the scope of the workshop, describing
theoretical and practical recent results or developments.
In particular, we seek submissions that present
advances in open programmable and directory enabled
networking, overlay networks, user-centric open service
frameworks, and ambient service and network
paradigms. Papers should be submitted according to
the instructions and schedule below. All submissions,
including invited papers, will undergo a thorough review
process. We also solicit tutorial proposals on topics of
interest to the workshop's community.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
PAPERS
Submitted papers should be full-scope manuscripts, and should not have been
previously published, in part or in full, or be under consideration of another
conference or journal. Submissions should be written in English, following the
IEEE double-column standard format, using fonts no smaller than 10 points, and
should not exceed 10 single-spaced pages. All submissions will be handled
electronically, and only PDF and PostScript formats will be accepted. Authors
can find further details on the submission procedure on of the workshop main
page at: http://www.int-evry.fr/aswn/
To facilitate the production of papers in the required IEEE formatting standard,
you may consult IEEE Transactions LaTeX and Microsoft Word Style Files at
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/stylesheets.htm .
Tutorial proposals should not exceed 3 pages and should outline in sufficient
details the topic and the credentials of the instructor. Tutorial proposals
should follow the same schedule and submission procedure as the workshop's
papers.

All accepted papers will be published in the Workshop proceedings.
Selected best papers will be published in a journal in a second phase.

---------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTANT DEADLINES
Full paper submission (EXTENDED DEADLINE): April 11, 2005
Notification of acceptance: April 29, 2005
Camera ready due: May 15, 2005
---------------------------------------------------------------------
TOPICS
Specific areas of interest in Applications and Services
on Wireless Networks include, but are not limited to, the
following topics:
Advances in WPAN, Personal Services and Networks
Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks and Multihop Wireless
Sensor Networks
Self Organizing Systems
Moving Networks
Inter Domain and System Mobility
Service discovery : protocols and frameworks
Naming and Addressing
Peer to Peer communications and paradigms
Media & content distribution over wireless networks
Audio-visual and Mobile Multimedia Applications
Nomadic Services
Middleware for Mobile Applications and Services
Service Execution Environments, Service Life Cycle and Mobile Service
Interworking
Context Awareness and Personalization
QoS Profiling and Pricing, end-to-end QoS
Security architectures and mechanisms
Reconfigurable Systems and Networks
Cooperative Networks
Beyond 3G Enabling Technologies and Architectures
Performance of Wireless Networks and Systems
----------------------------------------------------------
GENERAL Co-CHAIRs
Zygmunt J. Haas, Cornell University, USA
Ramjee Prasad, AAU, Denmark
TECHNICAL PROGRAM Co-CHAIRS
Hossam Afifi, INT-GET, Evry, France
Djamal Zeghlache, INT-GET, France
---------------------------------------------------------
STEERING COMMITTEE
Hossam Afifi, INT-GET, Evry, France
Torsten Braun, University of Bern, Switzerland
Sudhir Dixit, Nokia, USA
Nada Golmie, NIST, USA
Ibrahim Matta, Boston University, USA
Ramjee Prasad, Aalborg University, Denmark
John Farserotou, CSEM, Switzerland
Djamal Zeghlache, INT-GET, France
--------------------------------------------------------
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE

Alhussein Abouzeid, RPI, USA
Hossam Afifi, INT-GET, France
Nancy Alonistioti, UoA, Greece
Stefan Arbanowski, FOKUS, Germany
Khaled Ben Letaief, UHKST, Hong Kong
Torsten Braun, University of Bern, Switzerland
Stefano Bregni, Politecnico di Milano, Italy
Doru Calin, Lucent, USA
Brigitte Cardinael, FT R & D, France
Anna Cavalli, INT-GET, France
Mark Corner, University of Massachusetts, USA
Isabelle Demeure, ENST-GET, Paris, France
Panagiotis Demistichas, University of Pireaus, Greece
Olaf Droegehorn, Uni. Kassel, Germany
Henk Ertink, Telematica Institut, Netherlands
Ioanis Fikouras, BIBA, Germany
Savo Glisic, University of Oulu, Finland
Nada Golmie, NIST, USA
Wendi Heinzelman, University of Rochester, USA
Sonia Heemstra de Groot, TI-WMC, Netherlands
Dimitris Kalofonos, Nokia, USA
Wolfgang Kellerer, NTT DoCoMo Europe, Germany
Farooq Khan, Samsung, USA
Bhaskar Krishnamachari, USC, USA
Houda Labiod, ENST-GET, France
Peter Langendoerfer, IHP Microelectronics, Germany
Whay Lee, Motorola Labs, USA
Victor C.M. Leung,  Univ. British Columbia, Canada
Migyan Liu, University of Michigan, USA
Mikael Latvala, Nokia , Finland
Maryline Laurent-Maknavicius, INT-GET, France
Petri, Mahonen, Aachen University, Germany
Antonis Markopoulos, NTUA, Greece
Ibrahim Matta, Boston University, USA
Ingrid Moerman, IMEC, Belgium
Luis Munoz, Univ. Cantabria, Spain
Ignas Niemegeers, TU Delft, Netherlands
Kaisa Nyberg, Nokia, Finland (TBC)
Simon Oosthoek,  TI-WMC, Netherlands
Neeli Prasad, CTIF, Denmark
Guy Pujolle, LIP6 France
Hamed Al-Raweshidy, Brunel, UK
Vincent Roca, INRIA, Grenoble
Laurent Reynaud, France Telecom, France
Jochen H. Schiller, Freie University, Germany
Ahmed Serhrouchni, ENST-GET, France
Dorgham Sisalem, Fokus, Germany
Weilian Su, Naval Post Graduate School, CA, USA
Tricha Anjali, Illinois Institute of Technology, USA
Hector Velayos, KTH, Sweden
Cedric Westphal, Nokia Research, USA
Alec Woo, Berkeley, CA, USA
Jiang Xie, University of North Carolina, USA
Herma Van Kranenburg, Telematica Institut, Netherlands
Halim Yanikomeroglu, Carleton, CA
Djamal Zeghlache, INT-GET, France

-------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Khaled Masmoudi, INT-GET, France
Kaouthar Sethom, INT-GET, France
Wajdi Louati, INT-GET, France
Mehdi Sabeur, INT-GET, France
Marc Girod Genet, INT-GET, France
Badii Jouaber, INT-GET, France
Isabelle Rebillard, INT-GET, France
Mélanie Blanchard, INT-GET, France
---------------------------------------------------------------------
TECHNICAL SPONSORSHIPS and SPONSORS
IEEE TCPC
Groupe des Ecoles de Télécommunications (GET)
Working groups 2, 3 and 6 of WWRF
Special Participation of IST-FP6 Project MAGNET
----------------------------------------------------------------------

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Khaled Masmoudi     (PhD student)
Institut National des Télécommunications
RS2M Dep. CNRS UMR Samovar 5157
9, rue Charles Fourier - 91011 Evry Cedex
Tél : +33 1 60 76 42 65
Fax : +33 1 60 76 45 78
khaled.masmoudi@int-evry.fr
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Mon Apr  4 06:58:04 2005
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Date: Mon, 4 Apr 2005 13:57:55 +0300
From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Jari Arkko writes:
> 
> This issue is about the window size. Mobike needs to be able to
> send multiple messages, given that a regular IKEv2 exchange
> may be in progress when we suddenly change our IP address.
> The question is whether we should expect IKEv2 implementations
> to support window size greater than 1, or if Mobike's own
> exchanges are in some sense outside the regular IKEv2
> window (as proposed in Pasi's MOPO protocol).
> 
> The background information we got in the meeting was that
> in the IKEv2 bakeoff many implementors did not have
> support for larger than 1 window sizes.
> 
> So we could either require a larger window size or do MOBIKE
> exchanges outside the window. I did not sense a conclusion
> in the meeting about this, but on the other hand I'm not sure
> if people care about this issue very deeply. For the purpose
> of making progress, let me propose one approach. If the
> decision was "do it outside the window", would people have
> problems with that?

There is also one other option, i.e. the way my original protocol
proposal did it, i.e. every IKE packet can be used to test the paths.
If you add also so that every IKE packet also includes the information
needed to do mobility that solves the problem with window size 1.

I.e. if mobike needs n payload for its processing, you add those n
payloads to all IKE packets, and then when you are retransmitting the
IKE packet you simply also use that packet to do path finding, i.e.
change the source and destination addresses but keep the packet same.
The responder will reply to reversed addresses, and after that IKE
exchange both ends know that the path has changed, and can take
appropriate actions (either automatically or manually by sending
another exchange).

That protocol will work with window size of 1, and it does not need
any packets that are outside of the normal window processing. If we
still do manual actions, then we actually do not need any special
payloads in the IKE packets.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Mon Apr  4 08:51:16 2005
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Hi Tero,

This is interesting, I think it looks attractive!

(So what exactly would "information needed to
do mobility and path testing" constitute? Presumably, one of
the things that we would probably need is a NAT-D payload.
Would this mean that if we have send request X and later
realize that we don't get a response and have to retransmit
on another, new interface, we resubmit X exactly as-is?
Or can we add "mobility data", such as NAT-D payload?
Or perhaps "mobility data" is simply the source address
and NAT-D payloads are always included...?)

--Jari

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Apr  5 03:58:44 2005
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Jari Arkko writes:
> (So what exactly would "information needed to
> do mobility and path testing" constitute?

Depends about the answers to issue 3...

> Presumably, one of the things that we would probably need is a NAT-D
> payload.

Not necessarely, in the simplies form it would be simply outer IP
addresses and ports.

> Would this mean that if we have send request X and later
> realize that we don't get a response and have to retransmit
> on another, new interface, we resubmit X exactly as-is?

Yes. The packet must be resubmitted as-is, only IP-addresses and ports
can change. There responder might be taking HASH of the packet when
processing it and store the reply packet, and when he sees the
retransmission he must be able to match the hash of the previous
retransmission to this new one. 

> Or can we add "mobility data", such as NAT-D payload?

No, we cannot add those. 

> Or perhaps "mobility data" is simply the source address
> and NAT-D payloads are always included...?)

That would be one option.

I.e. in the simpliest way to get the protocol working would be
something like this:

Host A has 3 IP-addresses A1, A2, A3
Host B has 2 IP-addresses B1, B2

IKE SA is currently using (A1, B1)

Host A starts CREATE_CHILD_SA (message ID 55), and sends packet to B.

(A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)

		There is something wrong with the path A1,B1 and
		packet is dropped (B1 does not work...)

Host A retransmits few times:

(A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
(A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
(A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)

Host A notices he is not getting packets back, he starts searching for
the working address pair:

(A2, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
(A2, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
(A3, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
(A3, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
(A1, B2, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> Host B gets the packet..

		Host B will immediately notice that there is something
		wrong with the path as the Host A is using different
		ports, but he simply continues processing the packet
		normally, and replies (with message id 55R) to the
		reversed addresses

		<- (B2, A1, 55R) CREATE_CHILD_SA reply

Host A gets the packet and notices that he has found a working path.
He decides that the he should move the traffic to that new address
pair too, so he sends address update packet to host B:

(A1, B2, 56) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->

		Host B updates his SAs to new address pair, and
		replies.

		<- (B2, A1, 56R) N(UPDATE ADDRESS reply)

Now if we want to see why we cannot modify the packet between
retranmissions take the next case where we have also shorter temporary
failures or one way connections.

Connection between A1 and B2 breaks down (A1 address does not work).
Host A notices that he hasn't received anything and starts DPD.

(A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
(A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
(A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)

Host A notices that he is not getting anything back so he starts
searching for the working address pair:

(A2, B1, 57) DPD ->

		Host B gets the packet, and replies to it, but the
		packet is dropped because of some other reason (one
		way path etc). Host B has now calculated HASH(DPD) and
		stored it in his incoming window for message id 57,
		and also has stored the "DPD reply" to be sent back in
		case the message id 57 (HASH(DPD)) is retranmitted.

	(drop)	<- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply

Host A retransmits

(A2, B1, 57) DPD ->

		Host B gets retramission of 57, he verifies that it is
		retranmission by checking the HASH(DPD), and because
		it matches, he sends stored copy of message id 57R
		back, without doing any more processing for the
		packet (i.e. he does not run any IKE state machines to
		process the packet). 

	(drop)	<- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply

Host A moves to next address and retransmits

(A3, B1, 57) DPD ->

		Host B again notices about retranmission, and replies
		with his stored packet.

		<- (B1, A3, 57R) DPD reply

Now host A gets the packet, and he notices that the previously working
path (A1, B2) does not work anymore, but path (A3, B1) works, so he
updates the SAs to that new address pair

(A3, B1, 58) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->

		Host B process this new notify, and replies

		<- (B1, A3, 58R) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES reply)

Host A and Host B again has working SAs.

So any packets between A and B needs to be processed identically, i.e.
all of them are finding the working address pair. After we have found
out the working address pair, we start the actual movement request
with the specific exchange N(UPDATE ADDRESS). Of course also the
N(UPDATE ADDRESS) packets gets the same processing, i.e. if the
packets do not get through we start searching for the working address
pair.

Depending on the protocol and contents of N(UPDATE ADDRESS) we need to
decide what we do if the address pair changes during the N(UPDATE
ADDRESS) exchange. I.e. if the addresses are also stored inside the
N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) then we can see that the addresses of outer header
and inside notify does not match, so either there is NAT or the
initiator needed to start address pair search after construction the
packet. In that case B can either reject the update (NAT prevention)
or simply accept it.

If host A needed to start address pair search, and he didn't like the
result he can start searching new address pair and when he has found
the one he likes, he can redo the N(UPDATE ADDRESS). 
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Apr  5 04:22:59 2005
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From: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
To: Jari Arkko <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issues 18, 15, 6 -- return routability 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 30 Mar 2005 17:12:41 +0300.
	<424AB3D9.60008@piuha.net> 
Date: Tue, 05 Apr 2005 10:22:38 +0200
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 In your previous mail you wrote:

     - If the specific IP address can be found in the peer's certificate, 
   you can skip the test
   
=> I maintain my proposal to change this into "if the specific IP address
is already authorized, you can skip the test".
This is more general (as there can be other ways to authorized an address)
and more accurate (so it should answer Vijay's concern).

Regards

Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Apr  5 05:34:55 2005
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Francis Dupont <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issues 18, 15, 6 -- return routability 
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Francis Dupont writes:
>  In your previous mail you wrote:
> 
>      - If the specific IP address can be found in the peer's certificate, 
>    you can skip the test
>    
> => I maintain my proposal to change this into "if the specific IP address
> is already authorized, you can skip the test".
> This is more general (as there can be other ways to authorized an address)
> and more accurate (so it should answer Vijay's concern).

Agree on Francis on this. We do not need to specify how it is already
authorized. Certificate is one way, typed in to the configuration, or
authorized by the dnssec information are others.

Most of the cases where the IP-address is already authorized are the
cases where there is multihoming SGW so all IP-addresses are already
known when the machine is installed, but mobike is simply used because
of the multihoming aspect to select which of those IP-addresses are
used. 
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Apr  5 11:59:19 2005
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issues 18, 15, 6 -- return routability 
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How about CGA?

            jak

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Francis Dupont" <Francis.Dupont@enst-bretagne.fr>
Cc: <mobike@machshav.com>; "Jari Arkko" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Sent: Tuesday, April 05, 2005 2:34 AM
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issues 18, 15, 6 -- return routability


> Francis Dupont writes:
> >  In your previous mail you wrote:
> >
> >      - If the specific IP address can be found in the peer's
certificate,
> >    you can skip the test
> >
> > => I maintain my proposal to change this into "if the specific IP
address
> > is already authorized, you can skip the test".
> > This is more general (as there can be other ways to authorized an
address)
> > and more accurate (so it should answer Vijay's concern).
>
> Agree on Francis on this. We do not need to specify how it is already
> authorized. Certificate is one way, typed in to the configuration, or
> authorized by the dnssec information are others.
>
> Most of the cases where the IP-address is already authorized are the
> cases where there is multihoming SGW so all IP-addresses are already
> known when the machine is installed, but mobike is simply used because
> of the multihoming aspect to select which of those IP-addresses are
> used.
> -- 
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
>


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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Apr  5 20:41:27 2005
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Tero,

Some questions/clarifications..

> 
> Now if we want to see why we cannot modify the packet between
> retranmissions take the next case where we have also shorter temporary
> failures or one way connections.
> 
> Connection between A1 and B2 breaks down (A1 address does not work).
> Host A notices that he hasn't received anything and starts DPD.
> 
> (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> 
> Host A notices that he is not getting anything back so he starts
> searching for the working address pair:
> 
> (A2, B1, 57) DPD ->
> 
> Host B gets the packet, and replies to it, but the
> packet is dropped because of some other reason (one
> way path etc). Host B has now calculated HASH(DPD) and
> stored it in his incoming window for message id 57,
> and also has stored the "DPD reply" to be sent back in
> case the message id 57 (HASH(DPD)) is retranmitted.
> 
> (drop) <- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> 
> Host A retransmits
> 
> (A2, B1, 57) DPD ->
> 
> Host B gets retramission of 57, he verifies that it is
> retranmission by checking the HASH(DPD), and because
> it matches, he sends stored copy of message id 57R
> back, without doing any more processing for the
>
The receiver needs to do a HASH to detect the change.
Today the receiver on receiving the above message, just
 sends the stored response out as he knows it is a retransmission
 by just looking at the Message-id. 
 
> packet (i.e. he does not run any IKE state machines to
> process the packet). 
> 
> (drop) <- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> 
> Host A moves to next address and retransmits
> 
> (A3, B1, 57) DPD ->
> 
> Host B again notices about retranmission, and replies
> with his stored packet.
> 
When the host detects the HASH change, he notes down
*just* the new addresses so that the response can be
sent to the new place. This implies that the retransmitted
request from the other end cannot have any changes in the payload
(except the IP header). If any other change is in the payload, 
then the stored response won't work.  This might be a bit
restrictive depending on how the protocol evolves. So, the main
advantage and difference of moving the PATH_TEST message
outside the normal window processing is that it can be a totally
new message. Hence NAT-D need not be included in every
message i guess. Perhaps, there might be something else in the
future. Even if we move the PATH_TEST message outside
the normal window, we might still have to potentially retransmit
the pending message with new address (as described here)
and hence the new processing from the receiver is still required.

-mohan

> <- (B1, A3, 57R) DPD reply
> 
> Now host A gets the packet, and he notices that the previously working
> path (A1, B2) does not work anymore, but path (A3, B1) works, so he
> updates the SAs to that new address pair
> 
> (A3, B1, 58) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->
> 
> Host B process this new notify, and replies
> 
> <- (B1, A3, 58R) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES reply)
> 
> Host A and Host B again has working SAs.
> 
> So any packets between A and B needs to be processed identically, i.e.
> all of them are finding the working address pair. After we have found
> out the working address pair, we start the actual movement request
> with the specific exchange N(UPDATE ADDRESS). Of course also the
> N(UPDATE ADDRESS) packets gets the same processing, i.e. if the
> packets do not get through we start searching for the working address
> pair.
> 
> Depending on the protocol and contents of N(UPDATE ADDRESS) we need to
> decide what we do if the address pair changes during the N(UPDATE
> ADDRESS) exchange. I.e. if the addresses are also stored inside the
> N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) then we can see that the addresses of outer header
> and inside notify does not match, so either there is NAT or the
> initiator needed to start address pair search after construction the
> packet. In that case B can either reject the update (NAT prevention)
> or simply accept it.
> 
> If host A needed to start address pair search, and he didn't like the
> result he can start searching new address pair and when he has found
> the one he likes, he can redo the N(UPDATE ADDRESS). 
> -- 
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Wed Apr  6 09:03:15 2005
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From: "Stephane Beaulieu" <stephane@cisco.com>
To: "'Tero Kivinen'" <kivinen@iki.fi>, "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Hi Tero,

> 
> There is also one other option, i.e. the way my original 
> protocol proposal did it, i.e. every IKE packet can be used 
> to test the paths.
> If you add also so that every IKE packet also includes the 
> information needed to do mobility that solves the problem 
> with window size 1.
> 
> I.e. if mobike needs n payload for its processing, you add 
> those n payloads to all IKE packets, and then when you are 
> retransmitting the IKE packet you simply also use that packet 
> to do path finding, i.e.
> change the source and destination addresses but keep the packet same.
> The responder will reply to reversed addresses, and after 
> that IKE exchange both ends know that the path has changed, 
> and can take appropriate actions (either automatically or 
> manually by sending another exchange).

So, if you have two peers

PeerA(A1,A2) PeerB(B1,B2) which are using A1<->B1 for the initial
connection.

Given the following sequence of events
- Window Size = 1

A1 --> B1 (CREATE_CHILD_SA request)
Interface A1 goes down
A1 x-- B1 (CREATE_CHILD_SA response)

How would PeerA inform PeerB to start using A2?  It is unable to send any
IKE pkts at all without exceeding the window size.  Or are you relying on
PeerB to retransmit the response to A1 a few times, and then automatically
switch to A2?

Stephane.

> 
> That protocol will work with window size of 1, and it does 
> not need any packets that are outside of the normal window 
> processing. If we still do manual actions, then we actually 
> do not need any special payloads in the IKE packets.
> --
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Wed Apr  6 10:26:09 2005
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From: "Stephane Beaulieu" <stephane@cisco.com>
To: <stephane@cisco.com>, "'Tero Kivinen'" <kivinen@iki.fi>,
        "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: RE: [WARNING: A/V UNSCANNABLE] RE: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Sorry, I didn't notice your other post until I sent this.  Your follow up
post answers my questions.

> 
> Hi Tero,
> 
> > 
> > There is also one other option, i.e. the way my original protocol 
> > proposal did it, i.e. every IKE packet can be used to test 
> the paths.
> > If you add also so that every IKE packet also includes the 
> information 
> > needed to do mobility that solves the problem with window size 1.
> > 
> > I.e. if mobike needs n payload for its processing, you add those n 
> > payloads to all IKE packets, and then when you are 
> retransmitting the 
> > IKE packet you simply also use that packet to do path finding, i.e.
> > change the source and destination addresses but keep the 
> packet same.
> > The responder will reply to reversed addresses, and after that IKE 
> > exchange both ends know that the path has changed, and can take 
> > appropriate actions (either automatically or manually by sending 
> > another exchange).
> 
> So, if you have two peers
> 
> PeerA(A1,A2) PeerB(B1,B2) which are using A1<->B1 for the 
> initial connection.
> 
> Given the following sequence of events
> - Window Size = 1
> 
> A1 --> B1 (CREATE_CHILD_SA request)
> Interface A1 goes down
> A1 x-- B1 (CREATE_CHILD_SA response)
> 
> How would PeerA inform PeerB to start using A2?  It is unable 
> to send any IKE pkts at all without exceeding the window 
> size.  Or are you relying on PeerB to retransmit the response 
> to A1 a few times, and then automatically switch to A2?
> 
> Stephane.
> 
> > 
> > That protocol will work with window size of 1, and it does not need 
> > any packets that are outside of the normal window processing. If we 
> > still do manual actions, then we actually do not need any special 
> > payloads in the IKE packets.
> > --
> > kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> > _______________________________________________
> > Mobike mailing list
> > Mobike@machshav.com
> > https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> > 
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Wed Apr  6 10:31:25 2005
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To: "'Tero Kivinen'" <kivinen@iki.fi>, "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Given the limitation of window sizes, I think this proposal is the best
we've discussed so far.

Unless someone can find something technically wrong with Tero's proposal, I
vote that we proceed with this approach.

Stephane. 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com 
> [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of Tero Kivinen
> Sent: Tuesday, April 05, 2005 3:58 AM
> To: Jari Arkko
> Cc: mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
> 
> Jari Arkko writes:
> > (So what exactly would "information needed to do mobility and path 
> > testing" constitute?
> 
> Depends about the answers to issue 3...
> 
> > Presumably, one of the things that we would probably need 
> is a NAT-D 
> > payload.
> 
> Not necessarely, in the simplies form it would be simply 
> outer IP addresses and ports.
> 
> > Would this mean that if we have send request X and later 
> realize that 
> > we don't get a response and have to retransmit on another, new 
> > interface, we resubmit X exactly as-is?
> 
> Yes. The packet must be resubmitted as-is, only IP-addresses 
> and ports can change. There responder might be taking HASH of 
> the packet when processing it and store the reply packet, and 
> when he sees the retransmission he must be able to match the 
> hash of the previous retransmission to this new one. 
> 
> > Or can we add "mobility data", such as NAT-D payload?
> 
> No, we cannot add those. 
> 
> > Or perhaps "mobility data" is simply the source address and NAT-D 
> > payloads are always included...?)
> 
> That would be one option.
> 
> I.e. in the simpliest way to get the protocol working would 
> be something like this:
> 
> Host A has 3 IP-addresses A1, A2, A3
> Host B has 2 IP-addresses B1, B2
> 
> IKE SA is currently using (A1, B1)
> 
> Host A starts CREATE_CHILD_SA (message ID 55), and sends packet to B.
> 
> (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
> 
> 		There is something wrong with the path A1,B1 and
> 		packet is dropped (B1 does not work...)
> 
> Host A retransmits few times:
> 
> (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B1, 55) 
> CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
> 
> Host A notices he is not getting packets back, he starts 
> searching for the working address pair:
> 
> (A2, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A2, B1, 55) 
> CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A3, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> 
> (dropped) (A3, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B2, 
> 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> Host B gets the packet..
> 
> 		Host B will immediately notice that there is something
> 		wrong with the path as the Host A is using different
> 		ports, but he simply continues processing the packet
> 		normally, and replies (with message id 55R) to the
> 		reversed addresses
> 
> 		<- (B2, A1, 55R) CREATE_CHILD_SA reply
> 
> Host A gets the packet and notices that he has found a working path.
> He decides that the he should move the traffic to that new 
> address pair too, so he sends address update packet to host B:
> 
> (A1, B2, 56) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->
> 
> 		Host B updates his SAs to new address pair, and
> 		replies.
> 
> 		<- (B2, A1, 56R) N(UPDATE ADDRESS reply)
> 
> Now if we want to see why we cannot modify the packet between 
> retranmissions take the next case where we have also shorter 
> temporary failures or one way connections.
> 
> Connection between A1 and B2 breaks down (A1 address does not work).
> Host A notices that he hasn't received anything and starts DPD.
> 
> (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> 
> Host A notices that he is not getting anything back so he 
> starts searching for the working address pair:
> 
> (A2, B1, 57) DPD ->
> 
> 		Host B gets the packet, and replies to it, but the
> 		packet is dropped because of some other reason (one
> 		way path etc). Host B has now calculated HASH(DPD) and
> 		stored it in his incoming window for message id 57,
> 		and also has stored the "DPD reply" to be sent back in
> 		case the message id 57 (HASH(DPD)) is retranmitted.
> 
> 	(drop)	<- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> 
> Host A retransmits
> 
> (A2, B1, 57) DPD ->
> 
> 		Host B gets retramission of 57, he verifies that it is
> 		retranmission by checking the HASH(DPD), and because
> 		it matches, he sends stored copy of message id 57R
> 		back, without doing any more processing for the
> 		packet (i.e. he does not run any IKE state machines to
> 		process the packet). 
> 
> 	(drop)	<- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> 
> Host A moves to next address and retransmits
> 
> (A3, B1, 57) DPD ->
> 
> 		Host B again notices about retranmission, and replies
> 		with his stored packet.
> 
> 		<- (B1, A3, 57R) DPD reply
> 
> Now host A gets the packet, and he notices that the 
> previously working path (A1, B2) does not work anymore, but 
> path (A3, B1) works, so he updates the SAs to that new address pair
> 
> (A3, B1, 58) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->
> 
> 		Host B process this new notify, and replies
> 
> 		<- (B1, A3, 58R) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES reply)
> 
> Host A and Host B again has working SAs.
> 
> So any packets between A and B needs to be processed identically, i.e.
> all of them are finding the working address pair. After we 
> have found out the working address pair, we start the actual 
> movement request with the specific exchange N(UPDATE 
> ADDRESS). Of course also the N(UPDATE ADDRESS) packets gets 
> the same processing, i.e. if the packets do not get through 
> we start searching for the working address pair.
> 
> Depending on the protocol and contents of N(UPDATE ADDRESS) 
> we need to decide what we do if the address pair changes 
> during the N(UPDATE
> ADDRESS) exchange. I.e. if the addresses are also stored 
> inside the N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) then we can see that the 
> addresses of outer header and inside notify does not match, 
> so either there is NAT or the initiator needed to start 
> address pair search after construction the packet. In that 
> case B can either reject the update (NAT prevention) or 
> simply accept it.
> 
> If host A needed to start address pair search, and he didn't 
> like the result he can start searching new address pair and 
> when he has found the one he likes, he can redo the N(UPDATE 
> ADDRESS). 
> --
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 
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From: "Geoffrey Huang" <ghuang@cisco.com>
To: <stephane@cisco.com>, "'Tero Kivinen'" <kivinen@iki.fi>,
        "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
Date: Wed, 6 Apr 2005 10:04:34 -0700
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The only hang-up I have is Jari's question below; namely, what exactly
constitutes "information needed to do mobility 
and path testing"?  It has to be fairly lightweight since the expectation is
that this information would be included in each packet.

-g

> -----Original Message-----
> From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com 
> [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of Stephane Beaulieu
> Sent: Wednesday, April 06, 2005 7:31 AM
> To: 'Tero Kivinen'; 'Jari Arkko'
> Cc: mobike@machshav.com
> Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
> 
> Given the limitation of window sizes, I think this proposal 
> is the best
> we've discussed so far.
> 
> Unless someone can find something technically wrong with 
> Tero's proposal, I
> vote that we proceed with this approach.
> 
> Stephane. 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com 
> > [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of Tero Kivinen
> > Sent: Tuesday, April 05, 2005 3:58 AM
> > To: Jari Arkko
> > Cc: mobike@machshav.com
> > Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
> > 
> > Jari Arkko writes:
> > > (So what exactly would "information needed to do mobility 
> and path 
> > > testing" constitute?
> > 
> > Depends about the answers to issue 3...
> > 
> > > Presumably, one of the things that we would probably need 
> > is a NAT-D 
> > > payload.
> > 
> > Not necessarely, in the simplies form it would be simply 
> > outer IP addresses and ports.
> > 
> > > Would this mean that if we have send request X and later 
> > realize that 
> > > we don't get a response and have to retransmit on another, new 
> > > interface, we resubmit X exactly as-is?
> > 
> > Yes. The packet must be resubmitted as-is, only IP-addresses 
> > and ports can change. There responder might be taking HASH of 
> > the packet when processing it and store the reply packet, and 
> > when he sees the retransmission he must be able to match the 
> > hash of the previous retransmission to this new one. 
> > 
> > > Or can we add "mobility data", such as NAT-D payload?
> > 
> > No, we cannot add those. 
> > 
> > > Or perhaps "mobility data" is simply the source address and NAT-D 
> > > payloads are always included...?)
> > 
> > That would be one option.
> > 
> > I.e. in the simpliest way to get the protocol working would 
> > be something like this:
> > 
> > Host A has 3 IP-addresses A1, A2, A3
> > Host B has 2 IP-addresses B1, B2
> > 
> > IKE SA is currently using (A1, B1)
> > 
> > Host A starts CREATE_CHILD_SA (message ID 55), and sends 
> packet to B.
> > 
> > (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
> > 
> > 		There is something wrong with the path A1,B1 and
> > 		packet is dropped (B1 does not work...)
> > 
> > Host A retransmits few times:
> > 
> > (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B1, 55) 
> > CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA 
> -> (dropped)
> > 
> > Host A notices he is not getting packets back, he starts 
> > searching for the working address pair:
> > 
> > (A2, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A2, B1, 55) 
> > CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A3, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> 
> > (dropped) (A3, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B2, 
> > 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> Host B gets the packet..
> > 
> > 		Host B will immediately notice that there is something
> > 		wrong with the path as the Host A is using different
> > 		ports, but he simply continues processing the packet
> > 		normally, and replies (with message id 55R) to the
> > 		reversed addresses
> > 
> > 		<- (B2, A1, 55R) CREATE_CHILD_SA reply
> > 
> > Host A gets the packet and notices that he has found a working path.
> > He decides that the he should move the traffic to that new 
> > address pair too, so he sends address update packet to host B:
> > 
> > (A1, B2, 56) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->
> > 
> > 		Host B updates his SAs to new address pair, and
> > 		replies.
> > 
> > 		<- (B2, A1, 56R) N(UPDATE ADDRESS reply)
> > 
> > Now if we want to see why we cannot modify the packet between 
> > retranmissions take the next case where we have also shorter 
> > temporary failures or one way connections.
> > 
> > Connection between A1 and B2 breaks down (A1 address does not work).
> > Host A notices that he hasn't received anything and starts DPD.
> > 
> > (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> > (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> > (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> > 
> > Host A notices that he is not getting anything back so he 
> > starts searching for the working address pair:
> > 
> > (A2, B1, 57) DPD ->
> > 
> > 		Host B gets the packet, and replies to it, but the
> > 		packet is dropped because of some other reason (one
> > 		way path etc). Host B has now calculated HASH(DPD) and
> > 		stored it in his incoming window for message id 57,
> > 		and also has stored the "DPD reply" to be sent back in
> > 		case the message id 57 (HASH(DPD)) is retranmitted.
> > 
> > 	(drop)	<- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> > 
> > Host A retransmits
> > 
> > (A2, B1, 57) DPD ->
> > 
> > 		Host B gets retramission of 57, he verifies that it is
> > 		retranmission by checking the HASH(DPD), and because
> > 		it matches, he sends stored copy of message id 57R
> > 		back, without doing any more processing for the
> > 		packet (i.e. he does not run any IKE state machines to
> > 		process the packet). 
> > 
> > 	(drop)	<- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> > 
> > Host A moves to next address and retransmits
> > 
> > (A3, B1, 57) DPD ->
> > 
> > 		Host B again notices about retranmission, and replies
> > 		with his stored packet.
> > 
> > 		<- (B1, A3, 57R) DPD reply
> > 
> > Now host A gets the packet, and he notices that the 
> > previously working path (A1, B2) does not work anymore, but 
> > path (A3, B1) works, so he updates the SAs to that new address pair
> > 
> > (A3, B1, 58) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->
> > 
> > 		Host B process this new notify, and replies
> > 
> > 		<- (B1, A3, 58R) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES reply)
> > 
> > Host A and Host B again has working SAs.
> > 
> > So any packets between A and B needs to be processed 
> identically, i.e.
> > all of them are finding the working address pair. After we 
> > have found out the working address pair, we start the actual 
> > movement request with the specific exchange N(UPDATE 
> > ADDRESS). Of course also the N(UPDATE ADDRESS) packets gets 
> > the same processing, i.e. if the packets do not get through 
> > we start searching for the working address pair.
> > 
> > Depending on the protocol and contents of N(UPDATE ADDRESS) 
> > we need to decide what we do if the address pair changes 
> > during the N(UPDATE
> > ADDRESS) exchange. I.e. if the addresses are also stored 
> > inside the N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) then we can see that the 
> > addresses of outer header and inside notify does not match, 
> > so either there is NAT or the initiator needed to start 
> > address pair search after construction the packet. In that 
> > case B can either reject the update (NAT prevention) or 
> > simply accept it.
> > 
> > If host A needed to start address pair search, and he didn't 
> > like the result he can start searching new address pair and 
> > when he has found the one he likes, he can redo the N(UPDATE 
> > ADDRESS). 
> > --
> > kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> > _______________________________________________
> > Mobike mailing list
> > Mobike@machshav.com
> > https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> > 
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 
_______________________________________________
Mobike mailing list
Mobike@machshav.com
https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike


From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Wed Apr  6 17:39:49 2005
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From: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
To: <stephane@cisco.com>, "'Tero Kivinen'" <kivinen@iki.fi>,
        "'Jari Arkko'" <jari.arkko@piuha.net>
References: <200504061431.ABT15697@mira-kan-a.cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
Date: Wed, 6 Apr 2005 14:39:34 -0700
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> Given the limitation of window sizes, I think this proposal is the best
> we've discussed so far.
> 
> Unless someone can find something technically wrong with Tero's proposal, I
> vote that we proceed with this approach.
> 
There is nothing wrong with Tero's proposal. I like it. But we should at least
look at other options. They are :

1) Define a separate window for PATH_TEST messages
2) Do the PATH_TEST message outside the protection IKE SA [MOPO protocol]

This gives the flexibility in what PATH_TEST messages contain. Otherwise, you have
to include all possible options with all the packets if you ever do MOBIKE for that
IKE SA. Once we know the new PATH,  rest of it follows as per Tero's mail.
Another advantage of keeping PATH_TEST message separate (like in (1) and (2)
above), is that we can look for a new PATH even when there is no failure. This
might be a useful feature. I don't know whether it is possible with Tero's proposal.

-mohan

> Stephane. 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: mobike-bounces@machshav.com 
> > [mailto:mobike-bounces@machshav.com] On Behalf Of Tero Kivinen
> > Sent: Tuesday, April 05, 2005 3:58 AM
> > To: Jari Arkko
> > Cc: mobike@machshav.com
> > Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
> > 
> > Jari Arkko writes:
> > > (So what exactly would "information needed to do mobility and path 
> > > testing" constitute?
> > 
> > Depends about the answers to issue 3...
> > 
> > > Presumably, one of the things that we would probably need 
> > is a NAT-D 
> > > payload.
> > 
> > Not necessarely, in the simplies form it would be simply 
> > outer IP addresses and ports.
> > 
> > > Would this mean that if we have send request X and later 
> > realize that 
> > > we don't get a response and have to retransmit on another, new 
> > > interface, we resubmit X exactly as-is?
> > 
> > Yes. The packet must be resubmitted as-is, only IP-addresses 
> > and ports can change. There responder might be taking HASH of 
> > the packet when processing it and store the reply packet, and 
> > when he sees the retransmission he must be able to match the 
> > hash of the previous retransmission to this new one. 
> > 
> > > Or can we add "mobility data", such as NAT-D payload?
> > 
> > No, we cannot add those. 
> > 
> > > Or perhaps "mobility data" is simply the source address and NAT-D 
> > > payloads are always included...?)
> > 
> > That would be one option.
> > 
> > I.e. in the simpliest way to get the protocol working would 
> > be something like this:
> > 
> > Host A has 3 IP-addresses A1, A2, A3
> > Host B has 2 IP-addresses B1, B2
> > 
> > IKE SA is currently using (A1, B1)
> > 
> > Host A starts CREATE_CHILD_SA (message ID 55), and sends packet to B.
> > 
> > (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
> > 
> > There is something wrong with the path A1,B1 and
> > packet is dropped (B1 does not work...)
> > 
> > Host A retransmits few times:
> > 
> > (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B1, 55) 
> > CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped)
> > 
> > Host A notices he is not getting packets back, he starts 
> > searching for the working address pair:
> > 
> > (A2, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A2, B1, 55) 
> > CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A3, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> 
> > (dropped) (A3, B1, 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> (dropped) (A1, B2, 
> > 55) CREATE_CHILD_SA -> Host B gets the packet..
> > 
> > Host B will immediately notice that there is something
> > wrong with the path as the Host A is using different
> > ports, but he simply continues processing the packet
> > normally, and replies (with message id 55R) to the
> > reversed addresses
> > 
> > <- (B2, A1, 55R) CREATE_CHILD_SA reply
> > 
> > Host A gets the packet and notices that he has found a working path.
> > He decides that the he should move the traffic to that new 
> > address pair too, so he sends address update packet to host B:
> > 
> > (A1, B2, 56) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->
> > 
> > Host B updates his SAs to new address pair, and
> > replies.
> > 
> > <- (B2, A1, 56R) N(UPDATE ADDRESS reply)
> > 
> > Now if we want to see why we cannot modify the packet between 
> > retranmissions take the next case where we have also shorter 
> > temporary failures or one way connections.
> > 
> > Connection between A1 and B2 breaks down (A1 address does not work).
> > Host A notices that he hasn't received anything and starts DPD.
> > 
> > (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> > (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> > (A1, B2, 57) DPD -> (dropped)
> > 
> > Host A notices that he is not getting anything back so he 
> > starts searching for the working address pair:
> > 
> > (A2, B1, 57) DPD ->
> > 
> > Host B gets the packet, and replies to it, but the
> > packet is dropped because of some other reason (one
> > way path etc). Host B has now calculated HASH(DPD) and
> > stored it in his incoming window for message id 57,
> > and also has stored the "DPD reply" to be sent back in
> > case the message id 57 (HASH(DPD)) is retranmitted.
> > 
> > (drop) <- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> > 
> > Host A retransmits
> > 
> > (A2, B1, 57) DPD ->
> > 
> > Host B gets retramission of 57, he verifies that it is
> > retranmission by checking the HASH(DPD), and because
> > it matches, he sends stored copy of message id 57R
> > back, without doing any more processing for the
> > packet (i.e. he does not run any IKE state machines to
> > process the packet). 
> > 
> > (drop) <- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> > 
> > Host A moves to next address and retransmits
> > 
> > (A3, B1, 57) DPD ->
> > 
> > Host B again notices about retranmission, and replies
> > with his stored packet.
> > 
> > <- (B1, A3, 57R) DPD reply
> > 
> > Now host A gets the packet, and he notices that the 
> > previously working path (A1, B2) does not work anymore, but 
> > path (A3, B1) works, so he updates the SAs to that new address pair
> > 
> > (A3, B1, 58) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) ->
> > 
> > Host B process this new notify, and replies
> > 
> > <- (B1, A3, 58R) N(UPDATE ADDRESSES reply)
> > 
> > Host A and Host B again has working SAs.
> > 
> > So any packets between A and B needs to be processed identically, i.e.
> > all of them are finding the working address pair. After we 
> > have found out the working address pair, we start the actual 
> > movement request with the specific exchange N(UPDATE 
> > ADDRESS). Of course also the N(UPDATE ADDRESS) packets gets 
> > the same processing, i.e. if the packets do not get through 
> > we start searching for the working address pair.
> > 
> > Depending on the protocol and contents of N(UPDATE ADDRESS) 
> > we need to decide what we do if the address pair changes 
> > during the N(UPDATE
> > ADDRESS) exchange. I.e. if the addresses are also stored 
> > inside the N(UPDATE ADDRESSES) then we can see that the 
> > addresses of outer header and inside notify does not match, 
> > so either there is NAT or the initiator needed to start 
> > address pair search after construction the packet. In that 
> > case B can either reject the update (NAT prevention) or 
> > simply accept it.
> > 
> > If host A needed to start address pair search, and he didn't 
> > like the result he can start searching new address pair and 
> > when he has found the one he likes, he can redo the N(UPDATE 
> > ADDRESS). 
> > --
> > kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> > _______________________________________________
> > Mobike mailing list
> > Mobike@machshav.com
> > https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> > 
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
_______________________________________________
Mobike mailing list
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> > Host B gets retramission of 57, he verifies that it is
> > retranmission by checking the HASH(DPD), and because
> > it matches, he sends stored copy of message id 57R
> > back, without doing any more processing for the
> >
> The receiver needs to do a HASH to detect the change.
> Today the receiver on receiving the above message, just
>  sends the stored response out as he knows it is a retransmission
>  by just looking at the Message-id. 

You could do it also based only on the message-ids, but then you do
not notice if the other end is acting incorrectly (i.e. the packet
changes) etc. You also open reflection attack, as attacker need to
simply guess the message-id in use to be able to trig you to send
retransmission to forged addresses. If you do the hash, then attacker
must have also been seen the original packet too. Calculating and
storing the hash is already done by some implementations of IKEv2
(without mobike), just to protect agains those attacks, and as that is
how people do it in IKEv2, I used the same explination for the mobike.

The protocol does not require to do the hash, it works perfectly
without that too, but as there is implementations out there who do
calculate the hash (or store the whole packet), you cannot change the
packet after you have first time sent it. You can change the IP and
port, but you cannot add any payloads etc to it. IP and port are not
included in the HASH as the IKEv2 draft says you need to respond even
to the retransmission coming from different IP and port.

Actually for the authenticated packets, it is enough to store the MAC
of the packet...

> > packet (i.e. he does not run any IKE state machines to
> > process the packet). 
> > 
> > (drop) <- (B1, A2, 57R) DPD reply
> > 
> > Host A moves to next address and retransmits
> > 
> > (A3, B1, 57) DPD ->
> > 
> > Host B again notices about retranmission, and replies
> > with his stored packet.
> > 
> When the host detects the HASH change, he notes down
> *just* the new addresses so that the response can be
> sent to the new place.

Responder does not detecth HASH change, as it does not change. The
HASH is calculated over the IKE packet, and that does (cannot) not
change. IP address and port are not covered by the hash.

> This implies that the retransmitted
> request from the other end cannot have any changes in the payload
> (except the IP header).

Yes. Retransmission == sending same packet again, so it MUST be
identical to the previous one, as it MUST be ignored by responder, but
MUST trigger retransmission of reply. 

> If any other change is in the payload, 
> then the stored response won't work.

Yes. 

> This might be a bit
> restrictive depending on how the protocol evolves.

This how it is done in the IKEv2, and I do not think we should be
changing it in the MOBIKE. 

> So, the main advantage and difference of moving the PATH_TEST
> message outside the normal window processing is that it can be a
> totally new message.

That is one option. I just explained another option, which does not
require it to be outside the normal window processing.

> Hence NAT-D need not be included in every
> message i guess.

That depends what we do for the NAT-T and MOBIKE. If we want MOBIKE to
work with NATs, we need to take IP-addresses from outer IP-header
anyways, so we do not necessary need any NAT-D packets.

> Perhaps, there might be something else in the
> future. Even if we move the PATH_TEST message outside
> the normal window, we might still have to potentially retransmit
> the pending message with new address (as described here)
> and hence the new processing from the receiver is still required.

Yes, we might need the same processing anyways, so my suggestion was
that one option could be to simply use it always, thus there would not
be need for the separate PATH_TEST message.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: <stephane@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Stephane Beaulieu writes:
> So, if you have two peers
> 
> PeerA(A1,A2) PeerB(B1,B2) which are using A1<->B1 for the initial
> connection.
> 
> Given the following sequence of events
> - Window Size = 1
> 
> A1 --> B1 (CREATE_CHILD_SA request)
> Interface A1 goes down
> A1 x-- B1 (CREATE_CHILD_SA response)
> 
> How would PeerA inform PeerB to start using A2?  It is unable to send any
> IKE pkts at all without exceeding the window size.  Or are you relying on
> PeerB to retransmit the response to A1 a few times, and then automatically
> switch to A2?

As only party doing retranmissions in the IKE is the initiator, the
PeerA would continue retransmitting the CREATE_CHILD_SA to the PeerB
as long as it does not get reply back.

After a while after it haven't received reply (or immediately when it
detects that A1 goes down) initiator (peerA) should start path
finding, i.e it should send next retranmission of packet:

A2 --> B1 (CREATE_CHILD_SA request)

PeerB would retransmit its reply to new IP-address

A2 <-- B1 (CREATE_CHILD_SA response)

And they have now finished the exchange, and continue processing. Now
next thing what PeerA would like to do, is probably update his
addresses to the PeerB, if A1 really went away, or at least move
existing IPsec SA traffic to use address pair of A2, B1 which is known
to work now (this update could also be automatic).

There are some other options how this protocol could be written, but
this is just one example how the protocol could be written (i.e.
mostly to give proof that we do not necessarely need PATH_TEST
exchange which is outside the window, or we do not necessarely need
window size > 1).
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Stephane Beaulieu writes:
> Sorry, I didn't notice your other post until I sent this.  Your follow up
> post answers my questions.

Good. I hope my answer you your mail still clarifies things more. I
was planning to put the example in the first email already, but I had
some other interruptions, and noticed that I do not have time to do at
that point, so I sent the first description then and then came back
later to write the example of protocol.

Perhaps I should have waited with the first post until I had the
example done... 
-- 
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Geoffrey Huang" <ghuang@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Geoffrey Huang writes:
> The only hang-up I have is Jari's question below; namely, what exactly
> constitutes "information needed to do mobility 
> and path testing"?  It has to be fairly lightweight since the expectation is
> that this information would be included in each packet.

Depending on the NAT issue, it could even be simply the IP-addresses
already there in the outer header. Especially if we do not do
automatic updates based on the path tests, but after we detect from
the path test that the IP-addresses pair has changed, we do actual
notification of movement as a separate exchange (which still gets the
same processing, so the packets will get trough and exchange ends even
when change happens again during that exchange).

Perhaps the largest thing that could be there would be list of
IP-addresses peer has, but I am not sure we need that. 
-- 
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> 1) Define a separate window for PATH_TEST messages

Hmm... I am not sure what you mean by that. Can you exlain it more.

> 2) Do the PATH_TEST message outside the protection IKE SA [MOPO
>    protocol] 

Yes, that is another option. I just send my proposal to offer another
option for that proposal :-)

> Another advantage of keeping PATH_TEST message separate (like in (1)
> and (2) above), is that we can look for a new PATH even when there
> is no failure. This might be a useful feature. I don't know whether
> it is possible with Tero's proposal.

My proposal didn't give out any exact details of the path test
process, but as it will be done for all packets, you can use DPD
packets to do it, for example you could make the DPD path test checks
so that they will always start the different address pair, so that
finding of list of working address pairs happens on the background
during the DPD tests. When the actual failure happens the path test
process could use that information too.

On the other hand, I do not think there is that much value for the old
information, as clearly something has changed in the paths as the
current (previously working address pair) has stopped working, thus
all the old information we have might be obsolete now anyways.

I think we need to separate the actual process how to send the
PATH_TEST packets (i.e. path test process, what IP address try, and in
which order, what information to use, what timers to use etc), from
the packet format used for the PATH_TEST packets (i.e. separate
PATH_TEST exchange, or any IKE packet). 
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Thu Apr  7 19:18:46 2005
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To: "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
Date: Thu, 7 Apr 2005 16:18:32 -0700
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 > > >
> > The receiver needs to do a HASH to detect the change.
> > Today the receiver on receiving the above message, just
> >  sends the stored response out as he knows it is a retransmission
> >  by just looking at the Message-id. 
> 
> You could do it also based only on the message-ids, but then you do
> not notice if the other end is acting incorrectly (i.e. the packet
> changes) etc. You also open reflection attack, as attacker need to
> simply guess the message-id in use to be able to trig you to send
> retransmission to forged addresses. If you do the hash, then attacker
> must have also been seen the original packet too. Calculating and
> storing the hash is already done by some implementations of IKEv2
> (without mobike), just to protect agains those attacks, and as that is
> how people do it in IKEv2, I used the same explination for the mobike.
> 
Ok, thanks for the clarification.

> The protocol does not require to do the hash, it works perfectly
> without that too, but as there is implementations out there who do
> calculate the hash (or store the whole packet), you cannot change the
> packet after you have first time sent it. You can change the IP and

This is an important point. The IKEv2 draft says:

   An IKE endpoint MUST keep a copy of (or be
   able to regenerate exactly) the number of previous responses equal to
   its declared window size in case its response was lost and the
   initiator requests its retransmission by retransmitting the request.

 It is hard to regenerate an exact copy without storing and hence implementations
store the packet i guess. We want to honor that here i guess.
Otherwise, the retransmitted message can change from the first time.

<snip>

> 
> > Hence NAT-D need not be included in every
> > message i guess.
> 
> That depends what we do for the NAT-T and MOBIKE. If we want MOBIKE to
> work with NATs, we need to take IP-addresses from outer IP-header
> anyways, so we do not necessary need any NAT-D packets.
> 
It depends on what you mean by working with NATs. If i move behind a NAT
(where there was no NAT previously), and want to detect NAT, Prevent NAT etc.
you want MOBIKE to work in these cases.

In a previous discussion on this mailing list, at least some of us felt that it should
work with NAT and taking addresses from the IP header should not be the only
way to do it. 

> > Perhaps, there might be something else in the
> > future. Even if we move the PATH_TEST message outside
> > the normal window, we might still have to potentially retransmit
> > the pending message with new address (as described here)
> > and hence the new processing from the receiver is still required.
> 
> Yes, we might need the same processing anyways, so my suggestion was
> that one option could be to simply use it always, thus there would not
> be need for the separate PATH_TEST message.

Okay.

-mohan

> -- 
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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 > > 1) Define a separate window for PATH_TEST messages
> 
> Hmm... I am not sure what you mean by that. Can you exlain it more.
> 
This is one way to do it, but not the only way to do it. Define a new flag
value indicating "Mobility messages". The message-id carried in the
IKE header has its own window space. Thus not constrained by
the current window used by "normal IKEv2 messages". This can
be used by PATH_TEST in the same way as you described. 
Message-ids can be used to match request to response and hence
you know which path works. Would that work ? 

> > 2) Do the PATH_TEST message outside the protection IKE SA [MOPO
> >    protocol] 
> 
> Yes, that is another option. I just send my proposal to offer another
> option for that proposal :-)
> 
I am not sure i understood this. Are you saying that your PATH_TEST option
could be used by MOPO or something else ?

> > Another advantage of keeping PATH_TEST message separate (like in (1)
> > and (2) above), is that we can look for a new PATH even when there
> > is no failure. This might be a useful feature. I don't know whether
> > it is possible with Tero's proposal.
> 
> My proposal didn't give out any exact details of the path test
> process, but as it will be done for all packets, you can use DPD
> packets to do it, for example you could make the DPD path test checks
> so that they will always start the different address pair, so that
> finding of list of working address pairs happens on the background
> during the DPD tests. When the actual failure happens the path test
> process could use that information too.
> 
Ok, the other end knows that it is "DPD path" test, so just reply and don't affect
the SAs. 

> On the other hand, I do not think there is that much value for the old
> information, as clearly something has changed in the paths as the
> current (previously working address pair) has stopped working, thus
> all the old information we have might be obsolete now anyways.
> 
Agreed that it is a potential problem. But perhaps it can be used 
as a hint to start trying from the address pair that was known to
work sometime back. Implementations can be smart enough to age the information
and periodically refresh. I think providing such a mechnaism is useful.

> I think we need to separate the actual process how to send the
> PATH_TEST packets (i.e. path test process, what IP address try, and in
> which order, what information to use, what timers to use etc), from
> the packet format used for the PATH_TEST packets (i.e. separate
> PATH_TEST exchange, or any IKE packet). 

Agreed. The former is more implementation dependent and should
MOBIKE really say anything at all ? Also, note that which end does
the PATH_TEST has not been resolved yet i guess.

-mohan


> -- 
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Fri Apr  8 03:42:33 2005
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> This is an important point. The IKEv2 draft says:
> 
>    An IKE endpoint MUST keep a copy of (or be
>    able to regenerate exactly) the number of previous responses equal to
>    its declared window size in case its response was lost and the
>    initiator requests its retransmission by retransmitting the request.

This is different case. This is for the responses send based on the
request. 

>  It is hard to regenerate an exact copy without storing and hence
> implementations store the packet i guess. We want to honor that here
> i guess. Otherwise, the retransmitted message can change from the
> first time.

There are two cases there.

1) How to check that the request is same.
2) How to retransmit the response if retransmission of request is
found.

For 1) simply checking the message ID would be enough, but as people
do consider that somewhat bad to retransmit packet so easily, they
will store the hash of the request packet and use that to verify that
the retransmission is really a retransmission, not some random garbage
from net.

For 2) implementations need to store the response packet they are
sending back, or at least store enough information that they can
regenerate the previous packet exactly.

> It depends on what you mean by working with NATs. If i move behind a NAT
> (where there was no NAT previously), and want to detect NAT, Prevent NAT etc.
> you want MOBIKE to work in these cases.
> 
> In a previous discussion on this mailing list, at least some of us
> felt that it should work with NAT and taking addresses from the IP
> header should not be the only way to do it.

If you want it to work with NATs, your only option is to take
addresses from IP header. You can store information inside the packet
also to do detection of NAT, but you cannot really use that
information inside the packet for anything else than NAT detection.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
>  > > 1) Define a separate window for PATH_TEST messages
> > 
> > Hmm... I am not sure what you mean by that. Can you exlain it more.
> > 
> This is one way to do it, but not the only way to do it. Define a new flag
> value indicating "Mobility messages". The message-id carried in the
> IKE header has its own window space. Thus not constrained by
> the current window used by "normal IKEv2 messages". This can
> be used by PATH_TEST in the same way as you described. 
> Message-ids can be used to match request to response and hence
> you know which path works. Would that work ? 

So to create overlay IKE SA message IDs using the same SPIs, but
separate flag to specify that you these messages are not constrained
by the window of normal message IDs? Yes, that would also work.

> > > 2) Do the PATH_TEST message outside the protection IKE SA [MOPO
> > >    protocol] 
> > 
> > Yes, that is another option. I just send my proposal to offer another
> > option for that proposal :-)
> > 
> I am not sure i understood this. Are you saying that your PATH_TEST option
> could be used by MOPO or something else ?

Most of those options, could be used by most of the protocols. There
is nothing that exactly ties in the PATH_TEST message format and the
actual mobike protocol. Thats why we are now trying to decide which
one to use.

> Ok, the other end knows that it is "DPD path" test, so just reply
> and don't affect the SAs.

Yes. Of course it need to reply to the DPD packets all the time, and I
think we do not want to tie in path test and moving of SAs, i.e. in my
example I used separate information exchange sending notification
which actually made the changes to the SA addresses. I.e. the change
operation is explicitly done, instead of implictly happening after we
notice that path changed.

IKEv2 NAT-T does the implicit path changing, i.e. every time the
address changes then addresses of SAs are updated. I think mobike
should do explicit updating, but that is one option we need to decide
too. 

> > I think we need to separate the actual process how to send the
> > PATH_TEST packets (i.e. path test process, what IP address try, and in
> > which order, what information to use, what timers to use etc), from
> > the packet format used for the PATH_TEST packets (i.e. separate
> > PATH_TEST exchange, or any IKE packet). 
> 
> Agreed. The former is more implementation dependent and should
> MOBIKE really say anything at all ?

I think we need to give at least some implementation hints or
description how it could be done, so we have some kind of common way
of doing it. Exact details what information is used etc can be left to
implementations, as different implementations have different hints
available for them. 

> Also, note that which end does the PATH_TEST has not been resolved
> yet i guess.

That mostly depends on other questions, like if we do initiator
decides then he is the one doing path tests etc...
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
To: "Tero Kivinen" <kivinen@iki.fi>
References: <424AB7FF.3080408@piuha.net><16977.7603.98381.2831@fireball.kivinen.iki.fi><42513836.1040308@piuha.net><16978.17701.446055.840859@fireball.kivinen.iki.fi><003001c53a41$570d93c0$6501a8c0@adithya><16981.2434.30434.819709@fireball.kivinen.iki.fi><001c01c53bc8$1e23d550$6501a8c0@adithya>
	<16982.13787.382550.756541@fireball.kivinen.iki.fi>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
Date: Fri, 8 Apr 2005 17:00:16 -0700
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 > 
> >  It is hard to regenerate an exact copy without storing and hence
> > implementations store the packet i guess. We want to honor that here
> > i guess. Otherwise, the retransmitted message can change from the
> > first time.
> 
> There are two cases there.
> 
> 1) How to check that the request is same.
> 2) How to retransmit the response if retransmission of request is
> found.
> 
> For 1) simply checking the message ID would be enough, but as people
> do consider that somewhat bad to retransmit packet so easily, they
> will store the hash of the request packet and use that to verify that
> the retransmission is really a retransmission, not some random garbage
> from net.
> 
Sorry to beat up on the same point again.. The reason the retransmitted
request cannot change (except IP headers) is because it would break
implementations that store the hash of the request to detect retransmissions.
Is that right ?

> For 2) implementations need to store the response packet they are
> sending back, or at least store enough information that they can
> regenerate the previous packet exactly.
> 
> > It depends on what you mean by working with NATs. If i move behind a NAT
> > (where there was no NAT previously), and want to detect NAT, Prevent NAT etc.
> > you want MOBIKE to work in these cases.
> > 
> > In a previous discussion on this mailing list, at least some of us
> > felt that it should work with NAT and taking addresses from the IP
> > header should not be the only way to do it.
> 
> If you want it to work with NATs, your only option is to take
> addresses from IP header. You can store information inside the packet
> also to do detection of NAT, but you cannot really use that
> information inside the packet for anything else than NAT detection.
>
I was talking about  an "option" for detecting the presence of  NATs
securely where you don't accept blindly what you see in IP headers but also
check the payload (if address is present in the MOBIKE NAT-D
 payload) to see if the address on the IP header is same.

-mohan

> -- 
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: "Mohan Parthasarathy" <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> Sorry to beat up on the same point again.. The reason the retransmitted
> request cannot change (except IP headers) is because it would break
> implementations that store the hash of the request to detect retransmissions.
> Is that right ?

Yes.

> I was talking about  an "option" for detecting the presence of  NATs
> securely where you don't accept blindly what you see in IP headers but also

There is no way to detect NATs securely, unless you have co-operation
of NAT. NAT is an attacker on the way from initiator to the responder
who changes the IP-addresses. There is no way to distinguish that from
the real attacker, without changing NATs. 

> check the payload (if address is present in the MOBIKE NAT-D
>  payload) to see if the address on the IP header is same.

It is easy to securely detect that there is NO NAT between, and that
does not require changing of packets for retransmission. We simply
need to keep the other end up to date which addresses we might be
using, and if the address is one of those, then there is no NAT
between. 
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Sun Apr 10 15:11:37 2005
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From: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
To: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
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 > 
> > I was talking about  an "option" for detecting the
> presence of  NATs
> > securely where you don't accept blindly what you
> see in IP headers but also
> 
> There is no way to detect NATs securely, unless you
> have co-operation
> of NAT. NAT is an attacker on the way from initiator
> to the responder
> who changes the IP-addresses. There is no way to
> distinguish that from
> the real attacker, without changing NATs. 
> 
Agreed. I wanted to say something and wrote something
different. But if there are other protocols (outside
of MOBIKE) used to detect NAT and also learn the
bindings, can we use MOBIKE to carry that information
?

> > check the payload (if address is present in the
> MOBIKE NAT-D
> >  payload) to see if the address on the IP header
> is same.
> 
> It is easy to securely detect that there is NO NAT
> between, and that
> does not require changing of packets for
> retransmission. We simply
> need to keep the other end up to date which
> addresses we might be
> using, and if the address is one of those, then
> there is no NAT
> between. 
>
I am not sure i follow this. If i am moving and
acquiring a new address, you have to tell the other
end about the new address securely for detecting "NO
NAT" securely. This implies that the packets have to
change in retransmission. You could not have told
about the new address beforehand. So, if we want to
prevent NAT from appearing in the path
(NAT_PREVENTION), you still need to add the newly
acquired address to the payload.

Now if there is some other protocol outside of MOBIKE
which can tell us what the NAT binding is (e.g.
MIDCOM), i can use the same mechanism (as in
NAT_PREVENTION above) to tell the other end about
what address is allowed to appear in the IP header.
The attacker cannot modify the IP header anymore.

-mohan

> -- 
> kivinen@safenet-inc.com
> _______________________________________________
> Mobike mailing list
> Mobike@machshav.com
> https://www.machshav.com/mailman/listinfo.cgi/mobike
> 
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Mon Apr 11 07:27:08 2005
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From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> I am not sure i follow this. If i am moving and
> acquiring a new address, you have to tell the other
> end about the new address securely for detecting "NO
> NAT" securely. This implies that the packets have to
> change in retransmission. You could not have told
> about the new address beforehand. So, if we want to
> prevent NAT from appearing in the path
> (NAT_PREVENTION), you still need to add the newly
> acquired address to the payload.

If you send separate notification to the other end when ever you
address changes, the responder can check if the source address of the
packet is from that list, and if so it knows there is no NAT.

If the address is not in the list, there is now two possible things:

1) There is NAT between
2) The other end got new address after it started this exchange, thus
it needed to retransmit the packet using this new source address
without telling you. If this is the case, then immediately after you
answer to this the other end will send and address list update message
which should include this address.

So temporarely it seems there is NAT between, but as soon as the
window is cleared then there will be new packet that will update the
address lists so that they have all new source addresses.

I.e. the process flow would be:

CREATE_SHILD_SA -> (lost)

CREATE_SHILD_SA retransmit (with other IPs) -> (lost)

getting new IP address A3

CREATE_SHILD_SA retransmit (with A3) -> (gets through)

<- CREATE_SHILD_SA reply (to A3, notices that A3 is not in list of IPs)

N(UPDATE LIST) (adds A3 to list) ->
<- ACK (notices now that A3 is again on list, so no NAT)

N(MOVE TRAFFIC) -> (lost)

N(MOVE TRAFFIC) (with other IPs) -> (lost)

getting new IP address A4

N(MOVE TRAFFIC) (with A4) -> (gets through)

<- N(ERROR-NAT-DETECTED) (returns error as A4 is not in the list, and
nat prevention set)

N(UPDATE LIST), N(MOVE TRAFFIC) (updates list to have A4, moves traffic) ->

<- ACK (adds A4 to list, moves traffic to new address).

> Now if there is some other protocol outside of MOBIKE
> which can tell us what the NAT binding is (e.g.
> MIDCOM), i can use the same mechanism (as in
> NAT_PREVENTION above) to tell the other end about
> what address is allowed to appear in the IP header.
> The attacker cannot modify the IP header anymore.

Yes.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Mon Apr 11 14:22:52 2005
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Date: Mon, 11 Apr 2005 11:22:45 -0700 (PDT)
From: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
To: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
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Tero,

> > I am not sure i follow this. If i am moving and
> > acquiring a new address, you have to tell the
> other
> > end about the new address securely for detecting
> "NO
> > NAT" securely. This implies that the packets have
> to
> > change in retransmission. You could not have told
> > about the new address beforehand. So, if we want
> to
> > prevent NAT from appearing in the path
> > (NAT_PREVENTION), you still need to add the newly
> > acquired address to the payload.
> 
> If you send separate notification to the other end
> when ever you
> address changes, the responder can check if the
> source address of the
> packet is from that list, and if so it knows there
> is no NAT.
> 
> If the address is not in the list, there is now two
> possible things:
> 
> 1) There is NAT between
> 2) The other end got new address after it started
> this exchange, thus
> it needed to retransmit the packet using this new
> source address
> without telling you. If this is the case, then
> immediately after you
> answer to this the other end will send and address
> list update message
> which should include this address.
> 
The address list update message may not be the next
message as there might be others in the window if
window size is > 1. So, the peer has to wait for a max
of windows worth of messages before it would see the
update with the new address. This could be long if we
have a few addresses to try.

> So temporarely it seems there is NAT between, but as
> soon as the
> window is cleared then there will be new packet that
> will update the
> address lists so that they have all new source
> addresses.
> 
Agreed. Perhaps if we can send the UPDATE message
also outside the normal window, the peer can know
earlier. Not sure whether it is a big advantage or
not.

> I.e. the process flow would be:
> 
> CREATE_SHILD_SA -> (lost)
> 
> CREATE_SHILD_SA retransmit (with other IPs) ->
> (lost)
> 
> getting new IP address A3
> 
> CREATE_SHILD_SA retransmit (with A3) -> (gets
> through)
> 
> <- CREATE_SHILD_SA reply (to A3, notices that A3 is
> not in list of IPs)
> 
> N(UPDATE LIST) (adds A3 to list) ->
> <- ACK (notices now that A3 is again on list, so no
> NAT)
> 
> N(MOVE TRAFFIC) -> (lost)
> 
> N(MOVE TRAFFIC) (with other IPs) -> (lost)
> 
> getting new IP address A4
> 
> N(MOVE TRAFFIC) (with A4) -> (gets through)
> 
> <- N(ERROR-NAT-DETECTED) (returns error as A4 is not
> in the list, and
> nat prevention set)
> 
> N(UPDATE LIST), N(MOVE TRAFFIC) (updates list to
> have A4, moves traffic) ->
> 
> <- ACK (adds A4 to list, moves traffic to new
> address).
> 
Okay, you allow "NAT/attacker" temporarily till the
update message is sent so that you don't have to
modify the retransmitted packet. Can the on-path
attacker (assume that the attacker needs to know the
full message and not just the message-ids),  can
generate lot of packets with bogus address/es and can
cause some meaningful attack ? Anyway, it is required
by IKEv2 today, so we don't worsen the security any
more than what is there today. Will it improve the
current situation if we can update the other end about
the new address before the window clears up ?

-mohan

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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Apr 12 04:28:08 2005
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Date: Tue, 12 Apr 2005 11:27:43 +0300
From: Tero Kivinen <kivinen@iki.fi>
To: Mohan Parthasarathy <mohanp@sbcglobal.net>
Subject: Re: [Mobike] issue 11 -- window size
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Mohan Parthasarathy writes:
> The address list update message may not be the next
> message as there might be others in the window if
> window size is > 1. So, the peer has to wait for a max
> of windows worth of messages before it would see the
> update with the new address. This could be long if we
> have a few addresses to try.

I do not consider this a problem. When the first message of the window
is ACKed then the other end can send the notification packets to
inform about the situation.

Only thing this will do is to delay the updating of the address list
for some fraction of seconds while this is busy processing messages in
window.

In normal case there will not be any messages (or there will be one
DPD message) in the window.

> Agreed. Perhaps if we can send the UPDATE message
> also outside the normal window, the peer can know
> earlier. Not sure whether it is a big advantage or
> not.

The peer could get the information a bit earlier, but I do not really
consider NAT prevention that important feature that it needs to be
communicated immediately to the other end, I think we can wait for a
round trip for that.

And if we do not use NAT prevention we do not even need the update
packets, we only need move traffic style packets, but for those we
need to know the working address pair anyways, so we want to finish
the address pair discovery before we send those anyways.

> Okay, you allow "NAT/attacker" temporarily till the
> update message is sent so that you don't have to
> modify the retransmitted packet.

No, I do not allow it (if the NAT prevention is turned on), I tell the
other end that there is NAT/attacker, your request was rejected, i.e.
we do allow replying to packets, but we do not allow it to be there
for IPsec traffic.

> Can the on-path
> attacker (assume that the attacker needs to know the
> full message and not just the message-ids),  can
> generate lot of packets with bogus address/es and can
> cause some meaningful attack ?

He can get us to retransmit replies for each request he sends to
address specified by him (reflection attack), but he cannot amplify
the number of messages (i.e. there will not be more messages sent to
given address than what was sent by attacker). 

> Anyway, it is required by IKEv2 today, so we don't worsen the
> security any more than what is there today. Will it improve the
> current situation if we can update the other end about the new
> address before the window clears up ?

I do not think it will help.

It might remove a bit of latency when you loose the only address you
have, but we are talking about one round trip or so.

But I think we are talking too much about the actual protocol, we
should get back to upper level issue 11.

My hole point of going in the details of protocol was just to say that
it could be done this way too. Now we need to decide which way we want
it to be done.
-- 
kivinen@safenet-inc.com
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From mobike-bounces@machshav.com  Tue Apr 26 04:11:55 2005
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Subject: [Mobike] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-dupont-mobike-transport-02.txt
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Internet-Drafts@ietf.org wrote:

>A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
>
>
>	Title		: IPsec transport mode in Mobike environments
>	Author(s)	: F. Dupont
>	Filename	: draft-dupont-mobike-transport-02.txt
>	Pages		: 6
>	Date		: 2005-4-25
>	
>This document specifies how to use IPsec transport mode security
>   associations in a Mobike environment, i.e., in an environment with
>   sequential (mobility) or parallel (multi-homing) addresses.
>
>A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
>http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-dupont-mobike-transport-02.txt
>  
>

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