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From: Anup Anil Cheruvathoor <acheru@ficon-tech.com>
Organization: Ficon Technology
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Hi Zhong,
    The label request has a field called the FEC ( Forwarding equivalence class, ref
MPLS architecure draft ). FEC decides the forwarding behaviour of the packets, for
at least the hop-by-hop LSPs. The forwarding equivalence class can currently take in
the following type of classifications:

a) A Destination Network.
b) A destination Host address.

This would be used by the downstream LSR also to identify the destination of the
Control Messages.
Reference would be found in draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt, 3.4.1 FEC TLV.


-Cheru

Zhong.Hu@comsat.com wrote:

> If the MPLS uses the conventional routing and the next hop address is calculated
> according to the routing table, the destination address, for example, IP
> destination address,  should be passed to the next hop so that next next hop
> address can be calculated, when LDP "label request" message is sent. However, in
> the "label request" message, no such a field involves the destination address.
>
> I might miss something when I read the LDP draft.  If anyone can point out how
> the next hop adress is calculated, I would appreciate it. Thank you.
>
> Zhong Hu
> Comsat Labs

--

Name : Anup Anil Chervathoor
E-mail : mailto:acheru@ficon-tech.com
Web : www.ficon-tech.com





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subscribe



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From: "Mike Badil" <hasko10@hotmail.com>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: MPLS simulater
Date: Mon, 03 Apr 2000 02:44:35 EDT
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Hi,

Does anybody know any MPLS simulater?,
Is there any public code exist?

Thanks
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr  3 10:32:48 2000
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From: Alan Hannan <alan@globalcenter.net>
To: Mike Badil <hasko10@hotmail.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: MPLS simulater
Message-ID: <20000403092508.D29363@globalcenter.net>
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  I dunno about public code, however WANDL [www.wandl.com] is
  awesome.

  -alan

Thus spake Mike Badil (hasko10@hotmail.com)
 on or about Mon, Apr 03, 2000 at 02:44:35AM -0400:
> Hi,
> 
> Does anybody know any MPLS simulater?,
> Is there any public code exist?
> 
> Thanks
> ______________________________________________________
> Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
> 



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Date: Mon, 03 Apr 2000 10:29:26 -0400
From: Ben Abarbanel <Benjamin.Abarbanel@adn.alcatel.com>
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Subject: Re: MPLS routing accross AS boundaries
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Sumit:
  Yes, I have a solution. I am working on a draft now, and have nailed
down
the basic concept and mechanism. I need a few more days to clean it up
and
will make it public. If others are interested in coauthoring it with me,
I will be
delighted.

Regards,
Ben

Sumit Garg wrote:

> Ben:
>
> > James:
>
> [snip]
>
> > in the Internet. I say we need a mechanism that has total
> > picture view of the entire
> > Internet
> > at the source or Ingress router of the first LSP. Thereby, it
> > could choose the right
>
> I think the current internet "only" supports the hop-by-hop
> paradigm. Can/ does one view of the entire Internet at all exist/
> possible. After all the Internet is pretty dynamic. And I think
> there is no (routing) protocol that really facilitates an entire
> view of the internet. Correct me if I'm wrong
>
> > LSP that
> > will be considered with all the others down the path to the
> > destination. I have a
> > solution for
> > that with BGP.
>
> Could you share this. Sounds interesting ...
>
> Regards
> Sumit
>
> =====
> Sumit Garg
> sumitg@rocketmail.com
>
> __________________________________________________
> Do You Yahoo!?
> Talk to your friends online with Yahoo! Messenger.
> http://im.yahoo.com

--
Remember
========
"Don't be afraid to try something new. Amateurs built the Arc,
professionals built Titanic"




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr  3 14:34:16 2000
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From: Jonathan Lang <jplang@lux.chromisys.com>
To: "'Krishna Bala'" <kbala@tellium.com>,
        "James V. Luciani"
	 <jluciani@tollbridgetech.com>,
        Jagan Shantigram <jagan@photonex.com>,
        Jonathan Lang <jplang@lux.chromisys.com>, curtis@avici.com
Cc: Khaled Elsayed <khaled@ieee.org>, mpls@UU.NET,
        ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt 
Date: Mon, 3 Apr 2000 11:32:07 -0700 
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The Architecture Working Group of the OIF is discussing both the Peer model
and the Overlay model.

Regards,
Jonathan

-----Original Message-----
From: Krishna Bala [mailto:kbala@tellium.com]
Sent: Tuesday, March 28, 2000 11:27 PM
To: James V. Luciani; Jagan Shantigram; Jonathan Lang; curtis@avici.com
Cc: Khaled Elsayed; mpls@UU.NET; ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt 


Jim,
Hmm!

The OIF is using the terms
1) Peer
2) Open

So, if possible ... so as to avoid creating yet another term for
the same thing (X in this case) I suggest we call it "open".

Krishna

> -----Original Message-----
> From: James V. Luciani [mailto:jluciani@tollbridgetech.com]
> Sent: Monday, March 27, 2000 6:42 PM
> To: Krishna Bala; Jagan Shantigram; Jonathan Lang; curtis@avici.com
> Cc: Khaled Elsayed; mpls@UU.NET; ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
> Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
>
>
>
> > Just to beat a dead horse .. the difference between the open model
> > and the overlay is just that the overlay model typically suggests that
>
> That depends... see below.
>
> > there would be N^2 connectivity (i.e., every router, for instance, is
> > statically connected to every other). In any case, the open model allows
>
> While there may indeed be some misunderstanding as to the meaning of the
> "overlay model" (not to mention the meaning of the other models :-)), the
> traditional definition of overlay is not one of static operation.
>  NHRP and
> MPOA, for example, are overlay in my book (and most folks that I know).
> They most certainly imply non-static connections by defintion
> (i.e., use of
> SVCs).  This having been said, I believe that we can do one of two things
> here.  One, keep the current terms and potentially risk an ad nauseum
> inspection of the meaning of these terms; or two, come up with a
> term which
> is satisfactory to all.  In the second case we would have models:
> 1) X
> 2) Peer
> where X is the PC term for what we want to get at.  So my opine is that
> X="augmented routing model"/ARM model.
>
> Do I hear a hmmmm???
> --Jim
>
> > for fully dynamic operation. The overlay model suggests static operation
> of
> > the optical layer.
> >
> > As I see it there are only two architectures that are worth considering:
> > 1. Peer
> > 2. Open
> >
> > I agree with you that there is no need to add the "overlay" model to
> > this list. The open model covers the static and the dynamic cases.
> >
> > Krishna
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Jagan Shantigram [mailto:jagan@photonex.com]
> > > Sent: Monday, March 27, 2000 10:14 AM
> > > To: Krishna Bala; Jonathan Lang; curtis@avici.com
> > > Cc: Khaled Elsayed; mpls@UU.NET;
> ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
> > > Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
> > >
> > >
> > > At 05:04 PM 3/24/00 -0500, Krishna Bala wrote:
> > > >Jonathan,
> > > >Point 1: Let me clarify the "open model".
> > > >
> > > >Open refers to the fact that this model supports the
> interconnection of
> > > >several types of clients to an optical network (server layer).
> > > >Examples of Clients:
> > > >IP Routers, ATM Switches, SONET ADMs, "Direct Wavelength Services"
> > > >
> > > >The open model also allows the interconnection of other
> Optical Network
> > > >Elements to
> > > >each other.
> > > >Examples of other Network Elements:
> > > >Optical Add/Drop Muxes, Other OXCs, Wavelength Selective XC,
> Wavelength
> > > >Interchanging XC
> > > >
> > > >In general, since it offers the capability to support ALL
> > > services (not just
> > > >IP)
> > > >it is an Open Model.
> > >
> > > Krishna,
> > >
> > > It seems like the above just described what people understand
> > > by the overlay model. In this model the optical layer presents
> > > itself as a layer that can provide a bunch of services to the
> > > upper data/IP layer. These services could include point
> > > to point clear channel, 1+1 protection, negotiable bandwidth
> > > etc.. (just to give examples). How the optical layer
> > > achieves these services is yet to be determined - which as you
> > > mention will require standardized interfaces between the various
> > > optical components and as well as a standardized API for these
> > > services to be requested.
> > >
> > > My question is what are these services that would be useful
> > > for the optical layer to provide and what are the tasks that
> > > have to be taken up to enable it?
> > >
> > > In any case it seems risky to take up a model that requires
> > > too much cooperation between the various layers - since that
> > > will mean that there will be inter-dependence in the development
> > > of that technology. Ofcourse there are others who have more
> > > experience on questions like this.
> > >
> > >
> > > >
> > > >Point 2: Overlay Model vs. Open
> > > >
> > > >The connotation that goes typically with the Overlay model
> is that the
> > > >optical
> > > >layer is quasi static and might require N^2 connectivity at the
> IP/client
> > > >layer.
> > >
> > > Am afraid I missed the point here.
> > >
> > > thanks,
> > > -jagan.
> > >
> > >
> > > >Hence, I prefer to distinguish the open model from overlay.
> > > >Krishna Bala
> > > >
> > > >> -----Original Message-----
> > > >> From: owner-mpls@UU.NET [mailto:owner-mpls@UU.NET]On Behalf Of
> Jonathan
> > > >> Lang
> > > >> Sent: Thursday, March 23, 2000 4:55 PM
> > > >> To: 'Krishna Bala'; curtis@avici.com; Jagan Shantigram
> > > >> Cc: Khaled Elsayed; mpls@UU.NET;
> > > ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
> > > >> Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> Krishna,
> > > >>   The Open model seems quite "Closed" to me - the very nature of
> clouds
> > > >> implies information hiding in my mind.  What is exactly meant by
> open?
> > > >> Also, I'm not sure I agree with your definition of overlay, as
> > > many people
> > > >> allow the overlay model to encompass both your (2) and (3).
> > > >> Furthermore, I
> > > >> don't think the Peer Model implies OXCs are "agile but fat &
> > > >> dumb" since as
> > > >> they are "peers", this would also imply routers are "agile but
> > > fat & dumb"
> > > >> as well - and at some point, someone needs to have
> > > intelligence.  I would
> > > >> suggest that the Peer model allows both routers and OXCs to
> > > interoperate
> > > >> intelligently.
> > > >>
> > > >> Regards,
> > > >> Jonathan
> > > >>
> > > >> -----Original Message-----
> > > >> From: Krishna Bala [mailto:kbala@tellium.com]
> > > >> Sent: Thursday, March 23, 2000 11:59 AM
> > > >> To: curtis@avici.com; Jagan Shantigram
> > > >> Cc: Khaled Elsayed; mpls@UU.NET;
> > > ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
> > > >> Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> Jagan,
> > > >> There are several architectural models for IP over Optical
> > > Networks that
> > > >> are emerging:
> > > >>
> > > >> 1. Peer Model
> > > >> In this model the IP router is entirely aware of the details on the
> > > >> underlying
> > > >> optical network (topology information, wavelength and port
> > > usage and lamda
> > > >> assignment).
> > > >> It is able to control and manage entire end to end paths. In this
> > > >> model the
> > > >> OXC is "agile but fat & dumb".
> > > >> 2. Overlay Model
> > > >> The optical layer is "fat & dumb". The lamda connections
> between the
> IP
> > > >> routers behave as if they were dedicated fibers between them. The
> > > >> IP routes
> > > >> provision logical optical circuits over a fixed or at best a
> > > quasi-fixed
> > > >> optical
> > > >> layer.
> > > >> 3. Open Model
> > > >> In this scenario the optical layer comprises of several
> "vendor/network
> > > >> operator clouds"
> > > >> that have well defined interfaces. For example, an Optical UNI
> > > can be used
> > > >> to
> > > >> interconnect the IP router to the OXC and the Optical NNI can
> > > be used to
> > > >> connect
> > > >> two optical network domains together. Here the optical layer is
> > > >> "fat, smart
> > > >> and agile".
> > > >>
> > > >> It is unclear at this time which of these models will prevail.
> > > >>
> > > >> Krishna Bala
> > > >> Tellium
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >>
> > > >> > -----Original Message-----
> > > >> > From: owner-mpls@UU.NET [mailto:owner-mpls@UU.NET]On Behalf Of
> Curtis
> > > >> > Villamizar
> > > >> > Sent: Thursday, March 23, 2000 1:55 PM
> > > >> > To: Jagan Shantigram
> > > >> > Cc: curtis@avici.com; Khaled Elsayed; mpls@UU.NET;
> > > >> > ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
> > > >> > Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
> > > >> >
> > > >> >
> > > >> >
> > > >> > In message <3.0.6.32.20000323114004.00b74c60@photonex.com>, Jagan
> > > >> > Shantigram wr
> > > >> > ites:
> > > >> > > At 12:52 PM 3/22/00 -0500, Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > > >In message <38D76337.478CA5FC@ieee.org>, Khaled
> Elsayed writes:
> > > >> > > >>
> > > >> > > >>
> > > >> > > >> Hello Jagan,
> > > >> > > >>
> > > >> > > >> > When we do not have lambda conversion however, this
> > > >> problem cannot
> > > >> > > >> > be solved optimally.. it is akin to the graph coloring
> > > >> > > >> > problem - which ofcourse has heuristics that can get us to
> > > >> > > >> > a factor (?) of the optimal solution. So, connections may
> > > >> > > >> > be blocked even though there is capacity on the fiber to
> > > >> > > >> > support it, just because the wavelength is
> already used up.
> > > >> > > >> >
> > > >> > > >>
> > > >> > > >> Connections can be blocked when?? At service
> > > provisioning time or
> > > >> > > >> at the time the connection is requested?? My point is a
> > > >> > > >> connection of 2.48 Gbps is not likely to be a
> random event or
> an
> > > >> > > >> ATM-like SVC. If a customer would require such huge
> > > bandwidth, it
> > > >> > > >> would need that BW to go through or it would better look for
> > > >> > > >> another carrier that will provide a TDM/leased line?? Of
> course
> > > >> > > >> wavelength conversion can help build a better-utilized
> network,
> > > >> > > >> no question about that.
> > > >> > > >>
> > > >> > > >> Khaled
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > > >The exception to the rule that "a connection of 2.48
> Gbps is not
> > > >> > > >likely to be a random event" is where a very major event,
> > > possilble
> > > >> > > >external to one's own network results in a shift in
> > > traffic patterns
> > > >> > > >that is significant enough to require that additional
> > > >> lambdas be added
> > > >> > > >to existing paths.
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > > >The real world example in the ISP world is a failure of a
> peering
> > > >> > > >point of some sort, a provider interconnect, a NAP or NAP
> > > >> connectivity
> > > >> > > >of some party.  Since all major ISPs are connected to
> > > each other at
> > > >> > > >more than one geographically diverse peering point, the
> > > traffic will
> > > >> > > >still flow, but the path will have changed.
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > > >This may mean that a path that previously required 3 lambdas
> (for
> > > >> > > >example), now requires 4 lambdas.  There are at least
> 3 ways to
> > > >> > > >accommodate this requirement:
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > > >  1.  An external management system adds a lambda to both
> > > the routers
> > > >> > > >      at either end and the optical switches
> > > (demonstrated at OFC).
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > > >  2.  The router signals the requirement/desire for an
> additional
> > > >> > > >      lambda to the adjacent optical switch which sets up a
> path.
> > > >> > > >      This is the overlay model.  It can be trivially
> > > >> implemented with
> > > >> > > >      MPLS by having the router send a loose source hop in the
> ERO
> > > >> > > >      allowing the switch to create the path or reject
> > > the request.
> > > >> > >
> > > >> > > Curtis,
> > > >> > >
> > > >> > > Am trying to understand the model here. Does the overlay model
> > > >> > > as you put above imply that the optical devices need to be
> > > >> mini-routers
> > > >> > > in their own right? They have to be able to set up
> > > end-to-end optical
> > > >> > > paths.. perhaps some kind of binding between the end-host
> > > IP address
> > > >> > > and an addressing scheme for Optical devices.. ala ATM?
> > > >> > > What does the overlay model entail?
> > > >> >
> > > >> > The optical devices run the same IGP (ISIS or OSPF) and use RSVP
> (or
> > > >> > CRLDP) in a manner similar to the ATM UNI setting up an SVC.
> > > >> >
> > > >> > Alternately, the lambdas can be set statically and the
> edge router
> > > >> > simple advertises a Lambda-Switch Capable link ala
> > > >> > draft-kompella-mpls-optical-00.txt (if I understand their intent
> wrt
> > > >> > accommodating the overlay model).
> > > >> >
> > > >> > I don't think draft-kompella-mpls-optical-00.txt has all the
> details
> > > >> > sufficiently ironed out for the case where the optical switch
> > > >> > advertises the availability of an optical link.  If it does, then
> the
> > > >> > details ar just not clear to me.  (Could be my careless reading).
> > > >> >
> > > >> > > >  3.  The router has enough information about the
> > > characteristics of
> > > >> > > >      the optical devices to compute the path and so it does
> > > >> so.  This
> > > >> > > >      is the peer model.
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > >
> > > >> > > What does this model need.. a protocol for exchanging
> information
> > > >> > > between the router and the optical device?
> > > >> >
> > > >> > It needs a means to communicate OOB wrt the primary lightpath.
> That
> > > >> > means would again be running the IGP and RSVP.  Based on reading
> the
> > > >> > draft-kompella-mpls-optical-00.txt draft, I'm not clear
> on how the
> > > >> > optical switch exchanges this information OOB although I
> > > would imagine
> > > >> > that it would be quite easy to maintian another
> interface (perhaps
> > > >> > even an electrical, though gig-E would do fine) between the
> > > router and
> > > >> > optical device in which the optical device advertises the optical
> > > >> > links.  The router on either end of an optical link, seeing or
> having
> > > >> > set up a Packet-Switch Capable link would then have to
> bring up an
> > > >> > RSVP adjacency over it, though I think it would not need an IGP
> > > >> > adjacency.  (I'm not clear on this last point.)
> > > >> >
> > > >> > The availability of certain types of links
> (Packet-Switch Capable,
> > > >> > Lambda-Switch Capable, Fiber-Switch Capable) as defined in
> > > >> > draft-kompella-mpls-optical-00.txt would be advertised via RSVP.
> I'm
> > > >> > not clear on whether the adjacent LSR should advertise a
> Forwarding
> > > >> > Adjacency PSC after RSVP comes up over a set of optical links (it
> > > >> > seems to be the intent) but maybe the authors can clarify the
> usage.
> > > >> >
> > > >> > The ongoing discussion and the topic of the (way too numerous)
> > > >> > framework documents floating around has been what additional
> > > >> > information would be needed in order to provide adequate
> constraints
> > > >> > to set up optical paths, a particularly difficult problem for
> > > >> > transparent paths.
> > > >> >
> > > >> > > -jagan.
> > > >> > >
> > > >> > > >The way this might manifest itself is LSPs that might
> > > take an optical
> > > >> > > >path from A to C are going from A to B to C because A to C
> > > >> lambdas are
> > > >> > > >too full.  If so, then A could in principle request an
> additional
> > > >> > > >lambda, but in practice the means to signal this has not
> > > >> been defined.
> > > >> > > >
> > > >> > > >Curtis
> > > >> > >
> > > >> > > Jagannath Shantigram
> > > >> > > Photonex Corporation
> > > >> >
> > > >> > btw- I exchanged some private email with one of the authors of
> > > >> > draft-kompella-mpls-optical.txt and owe them some
> detailed comments
> > > >> > (appologies to them for the delay, busy).  After some brief
> > > discussion
> > > >> > and after a second reading, the intent seems a lot more
> clear.  The
> > > >> > usage material is at the end so when reading the document from
> front
> > > >> > to back the intent is not clear until the end and then a second
> > > >> > reading is required.
> > > >> >
> > > >> > Curtis
> > > >> >
> > > >>
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > >
> > > Jagannath Shantigram
> > > Photonex Corporation
> > >
>



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr  3 16:52:48 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
Subject: LSPID as ER Hop in TE-MIB 
Date: Mon, 3 Apr 2000 16:51:00 -0400 
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Hi 
I'm not sure, but I think there was a discussion about this - having an
explicit
hop specified as an LSPID - I couldn't find in my mailing list archive
Is this going to be supported ??

Let me also add another twist to this -
If the ER hop is used to specify the local interface, this kind of an object

will allow initiating a "stacked" label. I'm not aware of having any other 
way of specifying such a thing.


Thanx,
Andi.




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr  3 21:48:58 2000
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Date: Mon, 03 Apr 2000 12:03:39 -0500
From: Lee Thomas <lee.thomas@wcom.com>
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
In-reply-to: <200003281519.KAA54508@curtis-lt.avici.com>
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Curtis,

I took vacation all last week and am just now reading this thread so I
apologize for harkening back to old mail.  Having read through the week's
discussion of open, peer and overlays, I like your descriptions the best.
As Grenville pointed out, the overlay simply implies an independence and not
necessarily an assumption that the underlying is static.  I agree with your
comments that ATM PVC-based IP backbones are not built as full-mesh
networks.  I like having the static overlay model identified as this
reflects many current network implementations and I like the Signaled
Overlay Model as it describes a model that may be implemented as a new
network, or a Static Overlay network could be transitioned to a SOM.
Similarly, a SOM could be migrated to a Peer model network.  The options are
there and I think these three model descriptions relate well to current
implementations and a number of migration scenarios.

Lee


-----Original Message-----
From:	owner-mpls@UU.NET [mailto:owner-mpls@UU.NET] On Behalf Of Curtis
Villamizar
Sent:	Tuesday, March 28, 2000 9:19 AM
To:	Krishna Bala
Cc:	Jagan Shantigram; Jonathan Lang; curtis@avici.com; Khaled Elsayed;
mpls@UU.NET; ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
Subject:	Re: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt


In message <00f801bf9843$888c2560$425cc697@tempest>, "Krishna Bala" writes:
> Jagan,
> Just to beat a dead horse .. the difference between the open model
> and the overlay is just that the overlay model typically suggests that
> there would be N^2 connectivity (i.e., every router, for instance, is
> statically connected to every other). In any case, the open model allows
> for fully dynamic operation. The overlay model suggests static operation
of
> the optical layer.
>
> As I see it there are only two architectures that are worth considering:
> 1. Peer
> 2. Open
>
> I agree with you that there is no need to add the "overlay" model to
> this list. The open model covers the static and the dynamic cases.
>
> Krishna


In terms of visibility into the optical layer and control over path
selection, the proposals on the talbe can be characterized as follows:

  1.  Static Overlay Model - paths endpoints are specified through a
      network management system though the paths may be laid out
      statically (by the NMS system) or dynamically (by the network
      elements).  This is similar to ATM PVCs and SPVCs.

      [Note: networks built using the overlay model need not provide a
      full mesh contrary to misinformation provided on this mailing
      list.  Today ATM PVC based IP backbones are often not built as
      full mesh networks to reduce the nuber of routing adjacencies.]

  2.  Signaled Overlay Model (aka "Open" model) - paths endpoints are
      specified through signaling via a UNI.  Paths must be laid out
      dynamically since they are specified by signaling.  This is
      similar to ATM SVCs.

  3.  Peer model - The network elements are provided enough
      information such that they MAY attempt to set up path in
      addition to specifying their endpoints.  Paths may be laid out
      by the optical elements if the edge LSR provides only a static
      hop.  Paths may be laid out by the LSR.  Paths may also be laid
      out statically by having the NMS system configure explicit paths
      on the LSR and have those paths signaled.

It was my understanding that the MPLS WG traffic engineering work was
motivated largely by major Internet service provider's experience with
ATM and was making an effort to avoid repeating the mistakes of the
ATMF and therfore (among other differences between ATM and MPLS) is
interested in the peer model.

Note - If the OIF wants to ignore the experience that the Internet
community has had with ATM and wants to ignore the feedback through
the IETF of people involved in building those networks and and build
IP routers with ATM interfaces that were constrained to make use of
the interfaces that the ATMF chose to provide (in some cases omiting
capabilities over the loud objections within IETF WGs such as IP over
ATM) then that is a matter for OIF.

If we are putting together a framework, then in addition to the
"static overlay model" and "peer model", a distinction should be made
and a separate "signaled overlay model" can be provided.  In the
interest of completelness the framework can point out that the OIF is
working on a UNI which is based on the signaled overlay model.

I prefer the term "signaled overlay model" over "open model" because
the former is descriptive and that latter seems motivated by the
desire to use the marketing buzzword "open" rather than provide a
descriptive term.

Some people had envisioned going directly from static overlay model to
peer model or going directly to the peer model with the understanding
that the LSR can still be configured with explicit paths from an NMS
as long as quantifying and signaling impairments remains slightly
beyond the state of the art and determining the impact of optical
impairments remains a black art.

Curtis



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From: Juha Heinanen <jh@lohi.eng.telia.fi>
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To: lee.thomas@wcom.com
Cc: curtis@avici.com, mpls@UU.NET, ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
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Lee Thomas writes:

 > I like having the static overlay model identified as this
 > reflects many current network implementations and I like the Signaled
 > Overlay Model as it describes a model that may be implemented as a new
 > network, or a Static Overlay network could be transitioned to a SOM.

opposite of static is not signaled but dynamic.  we do all of our ip/atm
overlays using signaled svcs between the routers, but the topology is
still static.  so better names would be static and dynamic overlays.

an example of dynamic overlays was documented as

ftp://lohi.eng.telia.fi/tmp/draft-ietf-ion-intra-area-unicast-01.txt

which unfortunately never got progressed because in the atm world it had
a dependency with the ospf ara option.  since signaling in mpls is based
on ip addresses, the ara thing is not anymore needed and i may respin
the i-d for mpls.

-- juha



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr  4 01:33:24 2000
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To: santoshg@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: CR-LDP
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Thu, 30 Mar 2000 11:15:15 +0530"
	<00aa01bf9a0b$20ad2880$100d85a5@dti.daewoo.co.kr>
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>> I don't think there is any standard draft proposing to distribute
>> LSPID information to/from the global entity.  But is there a
>> situation where the supposed scenario is useful?
 > This could be useful in the case when lots of traffic is meant for the same
 > destination. If we make the traffic go thru the same LSP that would reduce
 > load on the switch as it will have less no. of LSPs in the state
 > information. This case is the same as "Merging" of LSPs.

Then, you may want to use RSVP-TE rather than CR-LDP for that purpose, 
since RSVP-TE optionally supports merging. 

Yoshihiro Ohba

 > Santosh



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Date: Tue, 04 Apr 2000 09:19:18 -0500
From: Lee Thomas <lee.thomas@wcom.com>
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
In-reply-to: <14569.26997.850641.44794@lohi.eng.telia.fi>
To: "'Juha Heinanen'" <jh@lohi.eng.telia.fi>
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Juha,

> 
> Lee Thomas writes:
> 
>  > I like having the static overlay model identified as this
>  > reflects many current network implementations and I like 
> the Signaled
>  > Overlay Model as it describes a model that may be 
> implemented as a new
>  > network, or a Static Overlay network could be transitioned 
> to a SOM.
> 
> opposite of static is not signaled but dynamic.  we do all of 
> our ip/atm
> overlays using signaled svcs between the routers, but the topology is
> still static.  so better names would be static and dynamic overlays.

I agree.

> 
> an example of dynamic overlays was documented as
> 
ftp://lohi.eng.telia.fi/tmp/draft-ietf-ion-intra-area-unicast-01.txt

which unfortunately never got progressed because in the atm world it had
a dependency with the ospf ara option.  since signaling in mpls is based
on ip addresses, the ara thing is not anymore needed and i may respin
the i-d for mpls.

-- juha



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr  4 10:33:39 2000
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Message-Id: <200004041456.KAA65324@curtis-lt.avici.com>
To: Juha Heinanen <jh@lohi.eng.telia.fi>
cc: lee.thomas@wcom.com, curtis@avici.com, mpls@UU.NET,
        ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 04 Apr 2000 07:03:01 +0300."
             <14569.26997.850641.44794@lohi.eng.telia.fi> 
Date: Tue, 04 Apr 2000 10:56:16 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <14569.26997.850641.44794@lohi.eng.telia.fi>, Juha Heinanen writes:
> Lee Thomas writes:
> 
>  > I like having the static overlay model identified as this
>  > reflects many current network implementations and I like the Signaled
>  > Overlay Model as it describes a model that may be implemented as a new
>  > network, or a Static Overlay network could be transitioned to a SOM.
> 
> opposite of static is not signaled but dynamic.  we do all of our ip/atm
> overlays using signaled svcs between the routers, but the topology is
> still static.  so better names would be static and dynamic overlays.
> 
> an example of dynamic overlays was documented as
> 
> ftp://lohi.eng.telia.fi/tmp/draft-ietf-ion-intra-area-unicast-01.txt
> 
> which unfortunately never got progressed because in the atm world it had
> a dependency with the ospf ara option.  since signaling in mpls is based
> on ip addresses, the ara thing is not anymore needed and i may respin
> the i-d for mpls.
> 
> -- juha


We are splitting hairs but please recall that there were three cases:

  static
  signaled
  peer

One could argue that the latter two are dynamic and that the peer
model is just a bit more dynamic that the signaled model.  The PVC
style is certainly the most static.

Since the first two have limited or no visibility into the underlying
topology they are overlay.

Juha may have added a fourth case.  The following table might help.

   router's topology  type of
   visibility         path setup      model name           example

    configured*        none            static overlay       ATM-PVC
    configured*        endpoint        signaled overlay     ATM-SVC
    endpoints          endpoint        dynamic overlay      MPLS-loose
    full               full path       peer                 MPLS-strict

   *configured here means endpoints only are configured in the router.

The model Juha proposed is a slight improvement over the pure ATM SVC
model in that the endpoints to the ATM are advertised for the purpose
of making ATM call setups.  This model seems similar to the use of
MPLS with a single loose hop in the explicit route.  It is similar in
that the ingress knows about the endpoint through signaling rather
than configuration but leaves it to the next (signaling) hop (which
would be an optical device) to figure out how to get there.  If the
ingress had enough information to compute the path, we'd have the peer
model and the ingress would use strict hops in the explicit route.

It wouldn't hurt to add the distinction that Juha has pointed out and
adapt the term "dynamic overlay" that he suggested.  I hope this
terminology is clear.  We seem to have some growing consensus on these
model names.

Curtis


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From: Hummel Heinrich <Heinrich.Hummel@icn.siemens.de>
To: mpls@UU.NET, ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
Subject:  RE: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
Date: Tue, 4 Apr 2000 18:13:17 +0200 
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Does this discussion (overlay-, peer-model and the reference to IP over
ATM)  really meet
the relation between knowledgable LSRs and not so knowledgable OXCs?

Also: I assume, both LSRs as well as OXCs have the same types of addresses:
IPv4 and maybe IPv6 addresses.
This is different compared with IP over ATM where we have to deal with IP
addresses versus AESAs.
If the talk is about overlay model, is it a model which uses (at least) a
label stack of 2 labels ?

Heinrich Hummel
Siemens AG

	    


> _______________________________________________
> IP-Optical mailing list
> IP-Optical@lists.bell-labs.com
> http://lists.bell-labs.com/mailman/listinfo/ip-optical



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Date: Tue, 04 Apr 2000 13:01:06 -0400
From: Bala Rajagopalan <braja@tellium.com>
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        ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com,
        Krishna Bala <kbala@tellium.com>
Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
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Curtis:

The dynamic overlay, as suggested, is somewhat close to the intent
of what we were calling "open". However, we need to clarify a few things.
First is the routing interaction between IP and optical domains.
I'm not sure what you mean
by "endpoints" in the dynamic overlay case. If you mean ATM endpoints,
then the so-called "open" model is different.
As Heinrich pointed out in an
earlier email, the addressing
is the same in IP and optical domains.  In the "open" model
scenario, there could be routing exchange between the domains
(e.g., BGP), so there
is really no need to know about optical endpoints corresponding
to destinations in the IP domain (but as in the dynamic overlay
case, the optical network will take care of routing within).
Second, a distinction has to
be made between control and data planes. Even if you use
the peer model with full exchange of topology etc in the control
plane, the
connectivity between routers in the data plane is over a pipe in the optical
domain. That is, the interior nodes in the optical
domain cannot see the IP data or LSPs, and data plane
connectivity is still overlay. The establishment
of the pipes and management of pipe bandwidth will
be similar in each of signalled, dynamic or peer models. Specifically,
the end routers are solely responsible for setting up and managing
the pipe bandwidth. So, it's perhaps useful to just focus on
interface functional requirements (including routing) and not
worry too much about the terminology.

Regards,

Bala

Curtis Villamizar wrote:

>
>
> We are splitting hairs but please recall that there were three cases:
>
>   static
>   signaled
>   peer
>
> One could argue that the latter two are dynamic and that the peer
> model is just a bit more dynamic that the signaled model.  The PVC
> style is certainly the most static.
>
> Since the first two have limited or no visibility into the underlying
> topology they are overlay.
>
> Juha may have added a fourth case.  The following table might help.
>
>    router's topology  type of
>    visibility         path setup      model name           example
>
>     configured*        none            static overlay       ATM-PVC
>     configured*        endpoint        signaled overlay     ATM-SVC
>     endpoints          endpoint        dynamic overlay      MPLS-loose
>     full               full path       peer                 MPLS-strict
>
>    *configured here means endpoints only are configured in the router.
>
> The model Juha proposed is a slight improvement over the pure ATM SVC
> model in that the endpoints to the ATM are advertised for the purpose
> of making ATM call setups.  This model seems similar to the use of
> MPLS with a single loose hop in the explicit route.  It is similar in
> that the ingress knows about the endpoint through signaling rather
> than configuration but leaves it to the next (signaling) hop (which
> would be an optical device) to figure out how to get there.  If the
> ingress had enough information to compute the path, we'd have the peer
> model and the ingress would use strict hops in the explicit route.
>
> It wouldn't hurt to add the distinction that Juha has pointed out and
> adapt the term "dynamic overlay" that he suggested.  I hope this
> terminology is clear.  We seem to have some growing consensus on these
> model names.
>
> Curtis

--

Bala Rajagopalan
Tellium, Inc.
2 Crescent Place
P.O. Box 901
Oceanport, NJ 07757-0901
Tel: (732) 923-4237
Fax: (732) 923-9804
Email: braja@tellium.com




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr  4 15:50:17 2000
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Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt
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    > From: Bala Rajagopalan <braja@tellium.com>

    > I'm not sure what you mean by "endpoints" in the dynamic overlay
    > case.

I think he means "border router" (generally exit border router), where the
BR is also a participant of some sort in the lower-level network (even if
it's purely as a client).


    > the addressing is the same in IP and optical domains.

As is I hope obvious from my earlier (long, sorry) note about abstractions,
which names you use is far less important (indeed, unimportant, really)
than what representation of the topology you're passing across.

    > In the "open" model scenario, there could be routing exchange between
    > the domains (e.g., BGP), so there is really no need to know about
    > optical endpoints corresponding to destinations in the IP domain (but
    > as in the dynamic overlay case, the optical network will take care of
    > routing within).

I'm not sure what you meant by this (in part since you used the term
"endpoint", of which you just finished saying, above, you didn't know what
it meant :-). Even after staring at this for a long time, I can't single
out your likely meaning - can you restate it in a bit more detail?

(Also, can you please be careful to distinguish between i) "domains" -
which in this particular discussion I am thinking of as an area of the
network where a particular technology [e.g. optical] is being used - and
ii) "layers"/<other-term> - which to me implies something about the
functional relationship between two different systems, e.g. optical routing
and IP routing. I think you're tending to use the same word for both, and
it's a bit confusing...)

(Can I also be a bit of a nit-picker and point out that no matter what
model you're using, there is *some* sort of "routing exchange" between the
layers - even if it's a static configuration - since *some* representation
of connectivity has to be propogated into the IP layer before it can send
traffic. I would assume what you really meant was "a dynamic routing
exchange".)


    > a distinction has to be made between control and data planes. Even if
    > you use the peer model with full exchange of topology etc in the
    > control plane, the connectivity between routers in the data plane is
    > over a pipe in the optical domain. That is, the interior nodes in the
    > optical domain cannot see the IP data or LSPs

True. What's important is i) who is in control of deciding paths, and ii)
to the extent that there are two separate entities doing so (e.g. long-haul
IP routing, and a local optical path-selection mechanism), what
representation of the topology the lower-level entity is propogating to the
higher-level one.

Note that sometimes the "propogating a represntation" may be implicit; e.g.
if the optical nodes are peer participants at the control plane for routing
(i.e. operating a common IGP with some non-optical nodes, and it's all one
area), that counts as "full topology advertisement" - even though there's
no interface where anyone is handing across a full map.

	Noel


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From: "Bernstein, Greg" <GregB@ciena.com>
To: "'mpls@UU.NET'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: Comments on optical and circuit switching with MPLS
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Folks, been following some of the discussions of network abstractions,
and various models.  The Shared Risk Link Group TLV of Kompella, et.
al., <draft-kompella-mpls-optical-00.txt> is one such abstraction of
lower layer properties and provides some interesting examples, and
questions. Also looking at both optical and circuit switched examples
gives more interesting layering issues. 

As an example suppose we are given a non-dynamic WDM layer
composed of spans and optical add/drop multiplexers (OADMs), i.e., no
dynamic switching but where I add/drop wavelengths or bands of
wavelengths onto fibers. For each general span, i.e., a chain of WDM
links where no lambdas are added or dropped, I can assign a 32 bit "span
ID".  Every branch point where lambdas are added or dropped can be
defined as a new general span (my DWDM friends may not like my loose
terminology here) and would be assigned a new 32 bit "span ID". Given
that I have a SONET line (the layer about the SONET section layer) that
traverses this WDM system on its way from its source to destination, I
could assign the shared risk link group (SRLG) TLV to this line by using
the list of "span IDs" traversed (note that due to the OADMs a single
number may not suffice).  So I've just used WDM layer info to set the
properties of a SONET layer link (and this information can be used for
diverse routing calculations for example).

This brings a number of questions to mind.
(a) Okay, I've got friends at the WDM layer who can get me this info,
who else would really want this information?  There are no active
switching devices down there to control.  A similar situation comes up
in applying MPLS more generally to the circuit switched world where much
use is made of "fixed" multiplexers.  See
draft-mannie-mpls-sdh-control-00.txt
for examples of the intricate SDH hierarchy.
(b) Currently the SRLG of Kompella et. al. is an unordered list of 32
bit numbers. If I made this an ordered list in the above application I
would get more topology information concerning the SONET line, basically
an abstraction of the WDM path that it takes. Is there a reason why we
want this unordered vs. ordered?
(c) Being on the same fiber is just one example of the SRLG TLV, we
could have fibers in the conduits or conduits in the same right of way.
Some of this physical plant information would probably need to be
configured.  Given that one can't always find a diverse path based on
the SRLG lists of the various lines available (example routing SONET
paths over SONET line with these SRLG lists) it would be nice to
introduce some structure into the 32 bit SRLG number so we could in some
way optimize (or at least make better decisions) the diversity of the
paths. For example, fiber diverse is most important, conduit of second
most importance, etc...
(d) So now we go an throw some optical switches into the mix. Now how
much info needs to to distributed about the optical layer topology (lots of
analog info too?). And who should set up the routes (my nice smart
SONET level switch right? but what does he know of power budgets etc...).
How much information should the optical switch/DWDM system know about
the SONET layer? At the OIF we've be talking about at least end system
discovery via J0 snooping. How much does he really want to know? Similar
issues would arise in application of MPLS to the circuit switched
hierarchy, e.g., would a SONET switch really want to know about DS0
level detail?
(e) Seems like a good approach to hierarchy and info sharing across
layers is needed... Some of the various documents out there have some of
the pieces... Adjacencies, SRLG, bundling, etc.. But not quite the full
story yet.  For example, what if a node really doesn't want to be
bothered with higer layer routing information? 
Note that sometimes its good to look at the circuit
switched examples or the IP and circuit switching examples rather than
IP and ATM examples (more hierarchy, very different worlds from the
routing point of view, i.e., packet and switched rather than packet and
packet). Also, can we use the some of these natural hierarchical
switching boundaries to allow for easier configuration of OSPF areas
or something like them to allow the networks to scale up in size (think
about the circuit switched world and all those T1 and E1 lines that
could be configured and managed better...)

Greg B.
****************************************************************
Dr. Greg M. Bernstein, Senior Scientist Ciena Core Switching Division



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To: Bala Rajagopalan <braja@tellium.com>
cc: curtis@avici.com, Juha Heinanen <jh@lohi.eng.telia.fi>,
        lee.thomas@wcom.com, mpls@UU.NET,
        ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com,
        Krishna Bala <kbala@tellium.com>
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 04 Apr 2000 13:01:06 EDT."
             <38EA1FD2.6FDB1170@tellium.com> 
Date: Tue, 04 Apr 2000 19:24:39 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <38EA1FD2.6FDB1170@tellium.com>, Bala Rajagopalan writes:
> Curtis:
> 
> ... So, it's perhaps useful to just focus on
> interface functional requirements (including routing) and not
> worry too much about the terminology.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Bala


The OIF can continue to work on the "open" model and they can, just
like the ATMF before them, ignore issues (like IP routing) that are
critical to building IP networks if that is what they are inclined to
do.  Is so, the outcome may be no more useful than the ATMF vision of
a big global ATM network with IP routers and host around the perimeter
finding the right path by magic (or by NHRP which doesn't work).

In the IETF (not the OIF) we may need terminology to describe a set of
proposals that involve using MPLS over optical.  If so, the terms
below might be appropriate and descriptive and cover the set of
(reasonably sane) proposals that have been discussed.

btw- By endpoints I do mean endpoints of an ATM VC or endpoints of a
PSC in the terminology used in draft-kompella-mpls-optical-00.txt.
This does not imply endpoints on the Internet (a pair of hosts) or
even customer ingress or egress, just boundaries of an optical region
which could be a traffic engineered optical backbone or a traffic
engineered regional or metropolitan area that makes up part of a
provider's network.

Curtis


[...]
> > Juha may have added a fourth case.  The following table might help.
> >
> >    router's topology  type of
> >    visibility         path setup      model name           example
> >
> >     configured*        none            static overlay       ATM-PVC
> >     configured*        endpoint        signaled overlay     ATM-SVC
> >     endpoints          endpoint        dynamic overlay      MPLS-loose
> >     full               full path       peer                 MPLS-strict
> >
> >    *configured here means endpoints only are configured in the router.
> >
> > The model Juha proposed is a slight improvement over the pure ATM SVC
> > model in that the endpoints to the ATM are advertised for the purpose
> > of making ATM call setups.  This model seems similar to the use of
> > MPLS with a single loose hop in the explicit route.  It is similar in
> > that the ingress knows about the endpoint through signaling rather
> > than configuration but leaves it to the next (signaling) hop (which
> > would be an optical device) to figure out how to get there.  If the
> > ingress had enough information to compute the path, we'd have the peer
> > model and the ingress would use strict hops in the explicit route.
> >
> > It wouldn't hurt to add the distinction that Juha has pointed out and
> > adapt the term "dynamic overlay" that he suggested.  I hope this
> > terminology is clear.  We seem to have some growing consensus on these
> > model names.


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr  4 22:25:43 2000
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To: Hummel Heinrich <Heinrich.Hummel@icn.siemens.de>
cc: mpls@UU.NET, ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ip-optical-framework-00.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 04 Apr 2000 18:13:17 +0200."
             <DB74A4E69C7CD311B740006008136E0706C7D4@MCHH213E> 
Date: Tue, 04 Apr 2000 22:24:07 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <DB74A4E69C7CD311B740006008136E0706C7D4@MCHH213E>, Hummel Heinrich w
rites:
> Does this discussion (overlay-, peer-model and the reference to IP over
> ATM)  really meet
> the relation between knowledgable LSRs and not so knowledgable OXCs?
> 
> Also: I assume, both LSRs as well as OXCs have the same types of addresses:
> IPv4 and maybe IPv6 addresses.
> This is different compared with IP over ATM where we have to deal with IP
> addresses versus AESAs.
> If the talk is about overlay model, is it a model which uses (at least) a
> label stack of 2 labels ?
> 
> Heinrich Hummel
> Siemens AG


Talk of overlay is mainly in the context of framework but it may also
be handy in time to market products which may not be the ultimate in
traffic engineering masterpeices but if they work will prove useful.

If the framework and the work that the MPLS WG undertakes provides an
easy migration, we'll probably be better off.

Either way having some reasonably precise terms should make it easier
to discuss the problems and proposed solutions.

Curtis



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr  5 07:35:52 2000
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From: Adrian Farrel <AF@datcon.co.uk>
To: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>, MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: LSPID as ER Hop in TE-MIB 
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 2000 12:33:14 +0100 
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Andi,

Yes, I proposed this (with some suggested ASN.1) on Jan 7th and again
requested it on Mar 20th.

Tom says that he and the other authors are looking at this point together
with some of the other issues that I raised.  It has probably got a bit
buried under the Flurry of activity around the LSR MIB.

Tom, any news?

Regards,
Adrian
--
Adrian Farrel  mailto:af@datcon.co.uk
Network Convergence Group
Data Connection Ltd., Chester, UK
http://www.datcon.co.uk/
Tel: +44 (0) 1244 313440  Fax: +44 (0) 1244 312422


>-----Original Message-----
>From: Abes, Andi [mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com]
>Sent: Monday, April 03, 2000 9:51 PM
>To: MPLS mailing list
>Subject: LSPID as ER Hop in TE-MIB 
>
>
>Hi 
>I'm not sure, but I think there was a discussion about this - having an
>explicit
>hop specified as an LSPID - I couldn't find in my mailing list archive
>Is this going to be supported ??
>
>Let me also add another twist to this -
>If the ER hop is used to specify the local interface, this 
>kind of an object
>
>will allow initiating a "stacked" label. I'm not aware of 
>having any other 
>way of specifying such a thing.
>
>
>Thanx,
>Andi.
>
>


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr  5 07:47:34 2000
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Date: Wed, 05 Apr 2000 07:42:16 -0400
To: Adrian Farrel <AF@datcon.co.uk>, "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>,
        MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: LSPID as ER Hop in TE-MIB 
In-Reply-To: <6DEA508A9A0ED31192E80000F6CC176E14061E@monk.datcon.co.uk>
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--=====================_38570147==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"; format=flowed


         Hi guys,

         Yes, Adrian is correct in that it was buried in
the flurry of activity around the LSR MIB. Since the LSR
MIB's Last Call is finishing shortly, we are giving priority
in our tight schedules to trying to resolve the issues
related to the LSR. Rest assured that we will be addressing
the TE MIB's issues shortly. One thing at a time though. 8)

         --Tom

>Tom says that he and the other authors are looking at this point together
>with some of the other issues that I raised.  It has probably got a bit
>buried under the Flurry of activity around the LSR MIB.
>
>Tom, any news?
>
>Regards,
>Adrian
>--
>Adrian Farrel  mailto:af@datcon.co.uk
>Network Convergence Group
>Data Connection Ltd., Chester, UK
>http://www.datcon.co.uk/
>Tel: +44 (0) 1244 313440  Fax: +44 (0) 1244 312422
>
>
> >-----Original Message-----
> >From: Abes, Andi [mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com]
> >Sent: Monday, April 03, 2000 9:51 PM
> >To: MPLS mailing list
> >Subject: LSPID as ER Hop in TE-MIB
> >
> >
> >Hi
> >I'm not sure, but I think there was a discussion about this - having an
> >explicit
> >hop specified as an LSPID - I couldn't find in my mailing list archive
> >Is this going to be supported ??
> >
> >Let me also add another twist to this -
> >If the ER hop is used to specify the local interface, this
> >kind of an object
> >
> >will allow initiating a "stacked" label. I'm not aware of
> >having any other
> >way of specifying such a thing.
> >
> >
> >Thanx,
> >Andi.
> >
> >

--=====================_38570147==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Hi
guys,<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Yes,
Adrian is correct in that it was buried in<br>
the flurry of activity around the LSR MIB. Since the LSR<br>
MIB's Last Call is finishing shortly, we are giving priority<br>
in our tight schedules to trying to resolve the issues<br>
related to the LSR. Rest assured that we will be addressing<br>
the TE MIB's issues shortly. One thing at a time though. 8)<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>--Tom<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>Tom says that he and the other authors are
looking at this point together<br>
with some of the other issues that I raised.&nbsp; It has probably got a
bit<br>
buried under the Flurry of activity around the LSR MIB.<br>
<br>
Tom, any news?<br>
<br>
Regards,<br>
Adrian<br>
--<br>
Adrian Farrel&nbsp;
<a href="mailto:af@datcon.co.uk" eudora="autourl">mailto:af@datcon.co.uk</a><br>
Network Convergence Group<br>
Data Connection Ltd., Chester, UK<br>
<a href="http://www.datcon.co.uk/" eudora="autourl">http://www.datcon.co.uk/</a><br>
Tel: +44 (0) 1244 313440&nbsp; Fax: +44 (0) 1244 312422<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;-----Original Message-----<br>
&gt;From: Abes, Andi
[<a href="mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com" eudora="autourl">mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com</a>]<br>
&gt;Sent: Monday, April 03, 2000 9:51 PM<br>
&gt;To: MPLS mailing list<br>
&gt;Subject: LSPID as ER Hop in TE-MIB <br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Hi <br>
&gt;I'm not sure, but I think there was a discussion about this - having
an<br>
&gt;explicit<br>
&gt;hop specified as an LSPID - I couldn't find in my mailing list
archive<br>
&gt;Is this going to be supported ??<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Let me also add another twist to this -<br>
&gt;If the ER hop is used to specify the local interface, this <br>
&gt;kind of an object<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;will allow initiating a &quot;stacked&quot; label. I'm not aware of
<br>
&gt;having any other <br>
&gt;way of specifying such a thing.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;Thanx,<br>
&gt;Andi.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;<br>
</blockquote></html>

--=====================_38570147==_.ALT--




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IP Based Cellular Networks Conference.=20
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr  5 11:37:50 2000
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Subject: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?
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RE: draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00

  Still looking for feedback on the feedback draft ... pun
intended. 

  I will be asking the WG chairs for a last call on this in the 
next few days unless somebody has some issues with it.

  Cheers

  Peter Ashwood-Smith


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Date: Wed, 05 Apr 2000 15:22:32 -0400
To: "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
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         Hi,

         Sorry about the delay in response. It was  a
long flight back from Adelaide! ;)


> > >I also question why this extra variable is required to
> > >convey the label space membership attributes.
> > >
> > >If  mplsInterfaceConfIndex is zero, then it uneqivocally
> > >has the attributes 'in global label space' and 'not in
> > >local label space'.
> > >
> > >If mplsInterfaceConfIndex is non-zero, that it uneqivocally
> > >has the attribute 'in local label space' and the 'in
> > >global label space' variable arbitrates that (optional)
> > >attribute.
> >
> >          Yes, but there are cases in ATM where an interface needs
> > to be part of both label spaces. This is why we have
> > provided two separate variables here.
>
>The combination of the index and ONE of these
>objects would (I think) allow all combinations.  For example,

         Yes, that is true, although it implicitly notes
which interfaces are per-interface and which are per-platform.
Our intention was to be explicit about this. The reason is
that if you use the implicit version, it is unclear as to
how the implementation should note the label ranges. We do
agree however, that changing the names to IsPerPlatformLabelSpace
and IsPerIfLabelSpace is a great idea as it makes this consistent
with the architecture.

         --Tom


--=====================_18711394==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Hi,<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Sorry
about the delay in response. It was&nbsp; a<br>
long flight back from Adelaide! ;)<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt;I also question why this extra
variable is required to<br>
&gt; &gt;convey the label space membership attributes.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;If&nbsp; mplsInterfaceConfIndex is zero, then it
uneqivocally<br>
&gt; &gt;has the attributes 'in global label space' and 'not in<br>
&gt; &gt;local label space'.<br>
&gt; &gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;If mplsInterfaceConfIndex is non-zero, that it 
uneqivocally<br>
&gt; &gt;has the attribute 'in local label space' and the 'in<br>
&gt; &gt;global label space' variable arbitrates that (optional)<br>
&gt; &gt;attribute.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Yes, but there
are cases in ATM where an interface needs<br>
&gt; to be part of both label spaces. This is why we have<br>
&gt; provided two separate variables here.<br>
<br>
The combination of the index and ONE of these<br>
objects would (I think) allow all combinations.&nbsp; For
example,</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Yes, that
is true, although it implicitly notes<br>
which interfaces are per-interface and which are per-platform.<br>
Our intention was to be explicit about this. The reason is<br>
that if you use the implicit version, it is unclear as to<br>
how the implementation should note the label ranges. We do<br>
agree however, that changing the names to IsPerPlatformLabelSpace <br>
and IsPerIfLabelSpace is a great idea as it makes this consistent <br>
with the architecture.<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>--Tom<br>
<br>
</html>

--=====================_18711394==_.ALT--




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Date: Wed, 05 Apr 2000 16:17:26 -0400
To: "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'Arun Viswanathan'" <arun@force10networks.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'cheenu@tachion.com'" <cheenu@tachion.com>
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: Additional comments on the LSR MIB
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
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         Hi,

> > > * The mplsLabelStackTable should be made optional for LDP LSPs
> > >   which use ATM or FR.  Could this be added in
> > >   the conformance section?
> >
> > It already supports non-stackable environments.
>
>That is not really the issue, the issue is why does
>LDP using ATM or FR need to support this table?
>
>It is some amount of overhead and no help whatsoever
>for this case.  Also, the concept of having to support
>a LabelStack in these cases is misleading.  This
>should be made optional.

         The labelstack table is optional in the LSR MIB. It
is not specified in the conformance statement.


> > > * mplsTSpecIndexNext should start at zero.
> >
> > See description of mplsTSpecIndexNext.
>
>DESCRIPTION says:
>
>"...The value 0 indicates that no unassigned entries
>are available...."
>
>The SYNTAX clause starts at 1 and it should start at 0.

         Fixed.


> > > * mplsTSpecMeanRate -- what is the agent or mpls
> > >   supposed to do with this value?
> > >
> > >   Is the mean rate for an LSP calculated over time?
> >
> > No. This is one of the tuple for defining a token bucket.
> > The agent has to ensure that the specified QoS requirement
> > for the LSP is met.
> >
> > >
> > > * mplsTSpecMaxRate and mplsTSpecMaxBurstSize:  are
> > >   these objects related?  If so, could an explanation
> > >   be given of how they are related?  Can the BurstSize
> > >   exceed the MaxRate?  What does it mean if this happens?
> >
> > See above comments.
> >
> > >
> > > * Is this table going to be made optional for LDP?
> >
> > See my comments to your previous set of comments.
>
>Which ones?


         The tSpec table is not mandatory in the LSR MIB.


> > > * Could we have a description of what happens when the
> > >   InSegment TSpec values are lower than the OutSegment
> > >   TSpec values?  (Seems like there should be some
> > >   co-operation between the objects, or at least some
> > >   "actual" objects which reflect what the true values
> > >   are.)
> >
> > The implication of such things may be platform specific.
>
>I completely agree which is why I suggest adding "actual"
>objects to see what the "real" values are.
>
>Just because something is configured does not mean that
>those are the actual rates/burst size.

         We patterned this after how it is implemented in the
AToM MIB. In that MIB it is widely accepted that this value
may or may not reflect that actual value, but just the
configured value. Furthermore, if you wish to incorporate
more sophisticated TSpec functionality, we have agreed in
an earlier thread to provide a RowPointer such that you may
point this to an external TSpec which may suit your
implementation's needs more closely.

> > >   Why does one need to specify the TSpec for the
> > >   InSegment?  It would seem that the OutSegment is
> > >   relevant and that the InSegment is not really
> > >   configurable, could you explain why it is needed
> > >   for the InSegment?
> >
> > Multipoint-to-point LSPs.
>
>That still doesn't explain what it means to configure
>values for an InSegment and how it relates to the OutSegment
>which could have different (i.e. higher values).
>
>Could an explanation be added for the situations where the
>OutSegment is lower than the InSegment and vice versa?

         It really depends on the implementation. Those objects
were designed to allow the maximum amount of flexibility
for the implementation. For example, one implementation may
allow different in/out segment bw configurations and will mark
traffic in-coming on higher-bw in-segments before forwarding
to lower-bw out-segments. On the other hand, some implementations
may choose to drop those packets and not forward them at all.
This is why we do not want to be more specify here.

> > >       OBJECT      mplsInSegmentAddrFamily
> > >       SYNTAX      INTEGER { other(0) }
> > >       MIN-ACCESS  read-only
> > >       DESCRIPTION
> > >           "Write access is not required.  A value of
> > >            other(0) should be supported."
> > >
> > > If the agent can't tell or doesn't know what the Address Family
> > > is, then how are all the counters effected (specifically
> > > packet and octet counters) that are related to this
> > > InSegment on an MPLS Interface?
> >
> > Addr family if for the MPLS payload. Counters are for MPLS 'frames'.
> > MPLS counters may go up independent of payload type.
>
>The only time that other(0) would be valid is when the
>value is not one of the other AddressFamily types.  The
>way this Conformance Info is written leads me to believe
>that "other" is being used to mean something different.
>
>What does the value of "other" in this context mean?

         I changed the description to the following:

         "Write access is not required.  A value of other(0) should be
supported because there may be cases where the agent may not know about
or support any of the other address types."

         --Tom




>Thanks, Joan
>
>
>
> >
> > >
> > >       OBJECT mplsOutSegmentIndexNext
> > >       MIN-ACCESS    read-only
> > >       DESCRIPTION
> > >           "Write access is not required."
> > >
> > >       OBJECT mplsXCIndexNext
> > >       MIN-ACCESS    read-only
> > >       DESCRIPTION
> > >           "Write access is not required."
> > >
> > >       OBJECT mplsXCLabelStackIndexNext
> > >       MIN-ACCESS    read-only
> > >       DESCRIPTION
> > >           "Write access is not required."
> > >
> > > The above already have a MAX-ACCESS of read-only.
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> > -arun
> >
>

--=====================_23862143==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Hi,<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * The mplsLabelStackTable should be
made optional for LDP LSPs<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; which use ATM or FR.&nbsp; Could this be added
in<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the conformance section?<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; It already supports non-stackable environments.<br>
<br>
That is not really the issue, the issue is why does<br>
LDP using ATM or FR need to support this table?<br>
<br>
It is some amount of overhead and no help whatsoever<br>
for this case.&nbsp; Also, the concept of having to support<br>
a LabelStack in these cases is misleading.&nbsp; This<br>
should be made optional.</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The
labelstack table is optional in the LSR MIB. It<br>
is not specified in the conformance statement.<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * mplsTSpecIndexNext should start at
zero.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; See description of mplsTSpecIndexNext. <br>
<br>
DESCRIPTION says:<br>
<br>
&quot;...The value 0 indicates that no unassigned entries<br>
are available....&quot;<br>
<br>
The SYNTAX clause starts at 1 and it should start at 
0.</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Fixed.<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * mplsTSpecMeanRate -- what is the
agent or mpls<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; supposed to do with this value?&nbsp; <br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Is the mean rate for an LSP calculated over
time?<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; No. This is one of the tuple for defining a token bucket.<br>
&gt; The agent has to ensure that the specified QoS requirement<br>
&gt; for the LSP is met.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; * mplsTSpecMaxRate and mplsTSpecMaxBurstSize:&nbsp; are<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; these objects related?&nbsp; If so, could an
explanation<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; be given of how they are related?&nbsp; Can the
BurstSize<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; exceed the MaxRate?&nbsp; What does it mean if this
happens?<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; See above comments.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; * Is this table going to be made optional for LDP?<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; See my comments to your previous set of comments.<br>
<br>
Which ones?</blockquote><br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The tSpec
table is not mandatory in the LSR MIB.<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * Could we have a description of
what happens when the<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; InSegment TSpec values are lower than the
OutSegment<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; TSpec values?&nbsp; (Seems like there should be
some <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; co-operation between the objects, or at least
some<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; &quot;actual&quot; objects which reflect what the
true values<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; are.) <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; The implication of such things may be platform specific.<br>
<br>
I completely agree which is why I suggest adding &quot;actual&quot;<br>
objects to see what the &quot;real&quot; values are.<br>
<br>
Just because something is configured does not mean that<br>
those are the actual rates/burst size.</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>We
patterned this after how it is implemented in the<br>
AToM MIB. In that MIB it is widely accepted that this value<br>
may or may not reflect that actual value, but just the <br>
configured value. Furthermore, if you wish to incorporate <br>
more sophisticated TSpec functionality, we have agreed in <br>
an earlier thread to provide a RowPointer such that you may <br>
point this to an external TSpec which may suit your <br>
implementation's needs more closely.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Why does one need to
specify the TSpec for the<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; InSegment?&nbsp; It would seem that the OutSegment
is <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; relevant and that the InSegment is not really<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; configurable, could you explain why it is
needed<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; for the InSegment?<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Multipoint-to-point LSPs.<br>
<br>
That still doesn't explain what it means to configure<br>
values for an InSegment and how it relates to the OutSegment<br>
which could have different (i.e. higher values).<br>
<br>
Could an explanation be added for the situations where the<br>
OutSegment is lower than the InSegment and vice versa?</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>It really
depends on the implementation. Those objects <br>
were designed to allow the maximum amount of flexibility <br>
for the implementation. For example, one implementation may <br>
allow different in/out segment bw configurations and will mark<br>
traffic in-coming on higher-bw in-segments before forwarding<br>
to lower-bw out-segments. On the other hand, some implementations<br>
may choose to drop those packets and not forward them at all. <br>
This is why we do not want to be more specify here.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
OBJECT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; mplsInSegmentAddrFamily<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
SYNTAX&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; INTEGER { other(0) }<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; MIN-ACCESS&nbsp;
read-only<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DESCRIPTION<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&quot;Write access is not required.&nbsp; A value of<br>
&gt;
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
other(0) should be supported.&quot;<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; If the agent can't tell or doesn't know what the Address
Family<br>
&gt; &gt; is, then how are all the counters effected (specifically<br>
&gt; &gt; packet and octet counters) that are related to this<br>
&gt; &gt; InSegment on an MPLS Interface?&nbsp; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Addr family if for the MPLS payload. Counters are for MPLS
'frames'.<br>
&gt; MPLS counters may go up independent of payload type.<br>
<br>
The only time that other(0) would be valid is when the<br>
value is not one of the other AddressFamily types.&nbsp; The<br>
way this Conformance Info is written leads me to believe<br>
that &quot;other&quot; is being used to mean something different.<br>
<br>
What does the value of &quot;other&quot; in this context
mean?</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>I changed
the description to the following:<br>
<br>
<font face="Courier New, Courier"><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>&quot;Write
access is not required.&nbsp; A value of other(0) should be <br>
supported because there may be cases where the agent may not know about
<br>
or support any of the other address types.&quot;<br>
<br>
</font><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>--Tom<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>Thanks, Joan<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; OBJECT
mplsOutSegmentIndexNext<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
MIN-ACCESS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; read-only<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DESCRIPTION<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&quot;Write access is not required.&quot;<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; OBJECT 
mplsXCIndexNext<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
MIN-ACCESS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; read-only<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DESCRIPTION<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&quot;Write access is not required.&quot;<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; OBJECT
mplsXCLabelStackIndexNext<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
MIN-ACCESS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; read-only<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; DESCRIPTION<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&quot;Write access is not required.&quot;<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; The above already have a MAX-ACCESS of read-only.<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; -arun<br>
&gt; <br>
<br>
</blockquote></html>

--=====================_23862143==_.ALT--




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Date: Wed, 05 Apr 2000 16:48:14 -0400
To: "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'Arun Viswanathan'" <arun@force10networks.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
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From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
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         Hi,

> > > * mplsInSegmentXCIndex description is incorrect.  A value
> > >   of zero could certainly indicates a valid cross connect.
> > >   The XC table does model XCs even for terminating InSegments
> > >   and Originating OutSegments.
> > >
> > >   The syntax clause should be changed in either this
> > >   table or in the XC table since the syntax should be
> > >   the same in both places.
> >
> > We meant it to be this way, that is, 0 is not a valid
> > XC index. 0 is used to indicate that the XC entries
> > have exhausted.
>
>
>Currently, mplsInSegmentXCIndex has:
>
>SYNTAX  Integer32(1..2147483647)
>DESCRIPTION
>    "The index into mplsXCTable is used to identify which
>    cross-connect entry this segment is part of.  Note
>    that a value of zero indicates that it is not being
>    referred to by any cross-connect entry."
>DEFVAL {0}
>
>Could this object be made a RowPointer?

         Why do you want this to be a RowPointer? I think
that doing so would unnecessarily complicate the indexing
for the agent, so we would like to leave it as is.

> > > * mplsInSegmentTSpecIndex -- this object needs to be made
> > >   optional for LDP.
> >
> > Is already optional. A value of zero to indicate best effort.
> > See description.
>
>Why is it necessary for an LDP only implementation to
>support this?

         It is not necessary. Although an implementation
must implement this value, it can certainly return 0.

> > > * mplsInSegmentOwner -- could this be removed from the
> > >   table.
> > >
> > >   These object are of little value in my opinion because
> > >   who really cares how the row got created?
> > >
> > >   Also, if you have snmp and policyAgent, then you should
> > >   add cli, config file, web, etc....
> > >
> > >   Just seems to be a big rat hole in my opinion.
> >
> > If you don't want to identify yourself, you can choose the
> > 'other' option ;-)
> >
> > It is there because folks asked for it. It provides
> > tracking for usage information, for troubleshooting,
> > and erroneous deletion by somebody how did not create
> > it in the first place.
>
>Are you planning on specifying in the enum the
>other possibilities (cli, config file, web, etc...)?

         No.

>Also, why is policyAgent one of the choices, this is
>a MIB and it was my understanding that policyAgent's used
>PIBs.  PolicyAgents can't support RowStatus, so I believe
>that choice should be removed.

         The PIB may not support RowStatus, but the agent which
interacts with the PIB/PolicyAgent may create an entry. It
is our intent for this enumeration to note this case.

> > > * mplsOutSegmentIndexNext object range should start at 0 (zero).
> >
> > No. 0 is bad index; is used to identify terminating connections
> > in the cross-connect.
>
>The description for this object says:
>"If the number of unassigned entries is exhausted,
>this object will take on the value of 0...."
>
>But the SYNTAX starts at 1, I believe that the SYNTAX should
>start at 0.

         Good catch. Fixed.

> > A label swapping is modelled as a pop followed by a push.
> > See mplsInSegmentNPop. The description also talks about
> > the ATM case.
> >
> > >
> > >   Could you rephrase this section to specifically
> > >   call out that for Version 1 of LDP using ATM or FR this should
> > >   be set to true and Reference Section 5. of the LDP Spec?
> >
> > I don't think we need to specially qualify LDP for this. This
> > is common to any protocol on ATM.
>
>I think that if you expect that people support this MIB
>for LDP then you should be more accomodating.  I'm only
>asking for a clarifying description and reference to be
>added.

         Sure. How does this sound:

The number of labels to pop from the incoming packet.  Normally only the 
top label is popped from the packet and used for all switching decisions 
for that packet. Note that technologies which do not support label popping 
should set this value to its default value of 1.


> > > * mplsOutSegmentTopLabel
> > >
> > >   Could this object be changed to contain the value of
> > >   the top label on egress?  I think it would be
> > >   much more interesting to point to the egress label
> > >   especially since the prior object (mplsOutSegmentPushTopLabel)
> > >   tells whether or not this was pushed.
> >
> >
> > Hmm..I guess I don't understand the comment.
> > It already is what you are asking it to be.
>
>Sorry, my mistake.  I think the name confused me,
>would you consider a name change to mplsOutSegmentLabel?

         I think that mpslOutSegmentTopLabel is more
specific. I modified the description a bit to make it (hopefully)
be more explicit:

If mplsOutSegmentPushTopLabel is true then this represents the label that 
should be pushed onto the top of the outgoing packet's label stack. Note 
that the contents of the label field can be interpreted in an outgoing 
interface-specific fashion.  For example, the label carried in the MPLS 
shim header is 20 bits wide and the top 12 bits must be zero. The Frame 
Relay label is 24 bits wide and the top 8 bits must be zero.  For ATM 
interfaces the lowermost 16 bits are interpreted as the VCI, the next 8 
bits as the VPI and the remaining bits must be zero.

>I know that we discussed this before and the reason
>that you gave was that the MIB had been this way since
>Feb 1999, but I am still confused as to why you
>believe the indexing of this table to be better
>than (mplsOutSegmentIfIndex, mplsOutSegmentLabel)

This won't work for the case where we want to pop the top label and
forward the packet with whatever label is underneath, without knowing
or wanting to know the underlying labels.

> > > * mplsXCIndexNext object's range should start at 0.
> >
> > It is alright the way it is. 0 is reserved to indicate
> > "no more cross-connect entries available".
>
>I agree but the SYNTAX clause starts at 1 and should
>start at 0.

         Good catch. Fixed.

> > > * INDEX clause and description of the entry:
> > >
> > >   The description redefines what a values of zero means
> > >   for the mplsInSegmentIfIndex and mplsInSegmentLabel;
> > >   in the mplsInSegmentTable they mean one thing,
> > >   and yet, they mean something  else in the XC table.
> > >
> >
> > Yes, they are different tables.
> > Index zero is valid only for the InSegemntTable.
>
>They may be different tables but they are the same indices,
>so they should be used the same everywhere they are referenced.
>It is not acceptable to redefine what a value means just because
>they are in different tables.

         The index's definition is meaningful within the
context of each table. We went to great lengths to
make the meaning within each context explicit.

> > > *  What do the AdminStatus and OperStatus objects mean when
> > >    the LSP is terminating or Originating for this entry?
> > >
> >
> > Admin status is provided to control the cross-connect from
> > passing data. Oper status may reflect the overall health of
> > the cross-connect, for example, if the outgoing interface is
> > down, then the cross-connect oper status may reflect that.
>
>But what do they mean in the case of a terminating or originating
>LSP which is in the XC table?
>If AdminStatus is down, what does this imply for a terminating LSP?
>Could the description be clarified to call this out, because this
>is something which could be interpretted differently by different
>vendors and needs to be clarified.

         This means that the LSP should not forward packets.
We have updated section 7.0 Brief Description of MIB Objects,
to add some additional text explaining this more explicitly.

         --Tom


--=====================_23854838==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Hi,<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * mplsInSegmentXCIndex description
is incorrect.&nbsp; A value<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; of zero could certainly indicates a valid cross
connect.<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; The XC table does model XCs even for terminating
InSegments<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; and Originating OutSegments.<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; The syntax clause should be changed in either
this<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; table or in the XC table since the syntax should
be<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the same in both places.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; We meant it to be this way, that is, 0 is not a valid<br>
&gt; XC index. 0 is used to indicate that the XC entries<br>
&gt; have exhausted.<br>
<br>
<br>
Currently, mplsInSegmentXCIndex has:<br>
<br>
SYNTAX&nbsp; Integer32(1..2147483647)<br>
DESCRIPTION&nbsp; <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; &quot;The index into mplsXCTable is used to identify
which<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; cross-connect entry this segment is part of.&nbsp; 
Note<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; that a value of zero indicates that it is not being<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; referred to by any cross-connect entry.&quot;<br>
DEFVAL {0}<br>
<br>
Could this object be made a RowPointer? </blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Why do you
want this to be a RowPointer? I think <br>
that doing so would unnecessarily complicate the indexing <br>
for the agent, so we would like to leave it as is.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * mplsInSegmentTSpecIndex -- this
object needs to be made<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; optional for LDP.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Is already optional. A value of zero to indicate best effort.<br>
&gt; See description.<br>
<br>
Why is it necessary for an LDP only implementation to<br>
support this?</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>It is not
necessary. Although an implementation <br>
must implement this value, it can certainly return 0.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * mplsInSegmentOwner -- could this
be removed from the<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; table.&nbsp; <br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; These object are of little value in my opinion
because<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; who really cares how the row got created?<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Also, if you have snmp and policyAgent, then you
should<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; add cli, config file, web, etc....<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Just seems to be a big rat hole in my 
opinion.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; If you don't want to identify yourself, you can choose the<br>
&gt; 'other' option ;-)<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; It is there because folks asked for it. It provides<br>
&gt; tracking for usage information, for troubleshooting,<br>
&gt; and erroneous deletion by somebody how did not create<br>
&gt; it in the first place.<br>
<br>
Are you planning on specifying in the enum the<br>
other possibilities (cli, config file, web, etc...)?</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>No.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>Also, why is policyAgent one of the choices,
this is <br>
a MIB and it was my understanding that policyAgent's used<br>
PIBs.&nbsp; PolicyAgents can't support RowStatus, so I believe<br>
that choice should be removed.</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The PIB
may not support RowStatus, but the agent which<br>
interacts with the PIB/PolicyAgent may create an entry. It <br>
is our intent for this enumeration to note this case.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * mplsOutSegmentIndexNext object
range should start at 0 (zero).<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; No. 0 is bad index; is used to identify terminating 
connections<br>
&gt; in the cross-connect.<br>
<br>
The description for this object says:<br>
&quot;If the number of unassigned entries is exhausted, <br>
this object will take on the value of 0....&quot;<br>
<br>
But the SYNTAX starts at 1, I believe that the SYNTAX should<br>
start at 0.</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Good
catch. Fixed.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; A label swapping is modelled as a pop
followed by a push.<br>
&gt; See mplsInSegmentNPop. The description also talks about<br>
&gt; the ATM case.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Could you rephrase this section to
specifically<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; call out that for Version 1 of LDP using ATM or FR
this should<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; be set to true and Reference Section 5. of the LDP
Spec?<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; I don't think we need to specially qualify LDP for this. This<br>
&gt; is common to any protocol on ATM.<br>
<br>
I think that if you expect that people support this MIB<br>
for LDP then you should be more accomodating.&nbsp; I'm only<br>
asking for a clarifying description and reference to be<br>
added.</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Sure. How
does this sound:<br>
<br>
<font face="Courier New, Courier">The number of labels to pop from the
incoming packet.&nbsp; Normally only the top label is popped from the
packet and used for all switching decisions for that packet. Note that
technologies which do not support label popping should set this value to
its default value of
1.</font><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * mplsOutSegmentTopLabel<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Could this object be changed to contain the value
of<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; the top label on egress?&nbsp; I think it would
be<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; much more interesting to point to the egress
label<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; especially since the prior object
(mplsOutSegmentPushTopLabel)<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; tells whether or not this was pushed.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Hmm..I guess I don't understand the comment. <br>
&gt; It already is what you are asking it to be.<br>
<br>
Sorry, my mistake.&nbsp; I think the name confused me,<br>
would you consider a name change to
mplsOutSegmentLabel?</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>I think
that mpslOutSegmentTopLabel is more<br>
specific. I modified the description a bit to make it (hopefully)<br>
be more explicit:<br>
<br>
<font face="Courier New, Courier">If mplsOutSegmentPushTopLabel is true
then this represents the label that should be pushed onto the top of the
outgoing packet's label stack. Note that the contents of the label field
can be interpreted in an outgoing interface-specific fashion.&nbsp; For
example, the label carried in the MPLS shim header is 20 bits wide and
the top 12 bits must be zero. The Frame Relay label is 24 bits wide and
the top 8 bits must be zero.&nbsp; For ATM interfaces the lowermost 16
bits are interpreted as the VCI, the next 8 bits as the VPI and the
remaining bits must be zero.<br>
<br>
</font><blockquote type=cite cite>I know that we discussed this before
and the reason<br>
that you gave was that the MIB had been this way since<br>
Feb 1999, but I am still confused as to why you<br>
believe the indexing of this table to be better<br>
than (mplsOutSegmentIfIndex, mplsOutSegmentLabel)</blockquote><br>
This won't work for the case where we want to pop the top label and 
<br>
forward the packet with whatever label is underneath, without knowing
<br>
or wanting to know the underlying labels.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * mplsXCIndexNext object's range
should start at 0.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; It is alright the way it is. 0 is reserved to indicate<br>
&gt; &quot;no more cross-connect entries available&quot;.<br>
<br>
I agree but the SYNTAX clause starts at 1 and should<br>
start at 0. </blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Good
catch. Fixed.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; * INDEX clause and description of
the entry:<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; The description redefines what a values of zero
means<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; for the mplsInSegmentIfIndex and
mplsInSegmentLabel;<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; in the mplsInSegmentTable they mean one thing,
<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; and yet, they mean something&nbsp; else in the XC
table.&nbsp; <br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Yes, they are different tables.<br>
&gt; Index zero is valid only for the InSegemntTable.<br>
<br>
They may be different tables but they are the same indices,<br>
so they should be used the same everywhere they are referenced.<br>
It is not acceptable to redefine what a value means just because<br>
they are in different tables. </blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>The
index's definition is meaningful within the<br>
context of each table. We went to great lengths to <br>
make the meaning within each context explicit.<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>&gt; &gt; *&nbsp; What do the AdminStatus and
OperStatus objects mean when<br>
&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; the LSP is terminating or Originating for
this entry?<br>
&gt; &gt; <br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Admin status is provided to control the cross-connect from<br>
&gt; passing data. Oper status may reflect the overall health of <br>
&gt; the cross-connect, for example, if the outgoing interface is<br>
&gt; down, then the cross-connect oper status may reflect that.<br>
<br>
But what do they mean in the case of a terminating or originating<br>
LSP which is in the XC table?<br>
If AdminStatus is down, what does this imply for a terminating LSP?<br>
Could the description be clarified to call this out, because this<br>
is something which could be interpretted differently by different<br>
vendors and needs to be clarified.</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>This means
that the LSP should not forward packets. <br>
We have updated section 7.0 <font face="Courier New, Courier">Brief
Description of MIB Objects,<br>
</font>to add some additional text explaining this more explicitly.<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>--Tom<br>
<br>
</html>

--=====================_23854838==_.ALT--




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From: "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>
To: "'Thomas D. Nadeau'" <tnadeau@cisco.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan"
	 <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 2000 16:57:29 -0400 
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-----Original Message-----
>From: Thomas D. Nadeau [mailto:tnadeau@cisco.com]
>Sent: Wednesday, April 05, 2000 3:23 PM
>To: Cucchiara, Joan
>Cc: 'mpls@uu.net'
>Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
>
>        Hi,
>
>        Sorry about the delay in response. It was  a
> long flight back from Adelaide! ;)

> > >I also question why this extra variable is required to
> > >convey the label space membership attributes.
> > >
> > >If  mplsInterfaceConfIndex is zero, then it uneqivocally
> > >has the attributes 'in global label space' and 'not in
> > >local label space'.
> > >
> > >If mplsInterfaceConfIndex is non-zero, that it uneqivocally
> > >has the attribute 'in local label space' and the 'in
> > >global label space' variable arbitrates that (optional)
> > >attribute.
> > 
> >          Yes, but there are cases in ATM where an interface needs
> > to be part of both label spaces. This is why we have
> > provided two separate variables here.
> 
> The combination of the index and ONE of these
> objects would (I think) allow all combinations.  For example,
> 
>         Yes, that is true, although it implicitly notes
> which interfaces are per-interface and which are per-platform.
> Our intention was to be explicit about this. The reason is
> that if you use the implicit version, it is unclear as to
> how the implementation should note the label ranges. We do

Tom,

Could I suggest combining these two boolean objects into
one enum object, mplsInterfaceLabelParticipationType, 
with values ( perPlatformOnly, perInterfaceOnly, both)??

DESCRIPTION:
   "If the value of the mplsInterfaceConfIndex for this
   entry is zero, then this object MUST be perPlatformOnly.  
   
   If the value of the mplsInterfaceConfIndex for this entry
   is non-zero, then this object may be either 'perInterfaceOnly'
   or 'both'.  If the value is perInterfaceOnly then this means that
   the value of the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label Range objects for
   this entry contain valid values.  If the value is both, then
   the value of the MIN/MAX IN/OUT label Range objects do not contain
   valid values  (???? OR maybe  need to contain the same values as
   the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label Range objects for the
   entry which has the mplsInterfaceConfIndex of zero????)"

[NOTE:  The description needs work because it needs to be
co-ordinated with the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label objects.]

I think this enum would be explicit enough (and also combines
the two boolean objects into one enum object -- so one less object!).  
What do you think?

   Thanks, 
     Joan

> agree however, that changing the names to IsPerPlatformLabelSpace 
> and IsPerIfLabelSpace is a great idea as it makes this consistent 
> with the architecture.
>
>         --Tom



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Date: Wed, 05 Apr 2000 17:07:46 -0400
To: "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
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--=====================_25027069==_.ALT
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         Hi,

         This sounds like a reasonable thing to us. I
will make the change.

         --Tom



>Could I suggest combining these two boolean objects into
>one enum object, mplsInterfaceLabelParticipationType,
>with values ( perPlatformOnly, perInterfaceOnly, both)??
>
>DESCRIPTION:
>    "If the value of the mplsInterfaceConfIndex for this
>    entry is zero, then this object MUST be perPlatformOnly.
>
>    If the value of the mplsInterfaceConfIndex for this entry
>    is non-zero, then this object may be either 'perInterfaceOnly'
>    or 'both'.  If the value is perInterfaceOnly then this means that
>    the value of the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label Range objects for
>    this entry contain valid values.  If the value is both, then
>    the value of the MIN/MAX IN/OUT label Range objects do not contain
>    valid values  (???? OR maybe  need to contain the same values as
>    the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label Range objects for the
>    entry which has the mplsInterfaceConfIndex of zero????)"
>
>[NOTE:  The description needs work because it needs to be
>co-ordinated with the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label objects.]
>
>I think this enum would be explicit enough (and also combines
>the two boolean objects into one enum object -- so one less object!).
>What do you think?
>
>    Thanks,
>      Joan
>
> > agree however, that changing the names to IsPerPlatformLabelSpace
> > and IsPerIfLabelSpace is a great idea as it makes this consistent
> > with the architecture.
> >
> >         --Tom

--=====================_25027069==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Hi,<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>This
sounds like a reasonable thing to us. I<br>
will make the change.<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>--Tom<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>Could I suggest combining these two boolean
objects into<br>
one enum object, mplsInterfaceLabelParticipationType, <br>
with values ( perPlatformOnly, perInterfaceOnly, both)??<br>
<br>
DESCRIPTION:<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; &quot;If the value of the mplsInterfaceConfIndex for
this<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; entry is zero, then this object MUST be
perPlatformOnly.&nbsp; <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; If the value of the mplsInterfaceConfIndex for this
entry<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; is non-zero, then this object may be either
'perInterfaceOnly'<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; or 'both'.&nbsp; If the value is perInterfaceOnly then this
means that<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; the value of the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label Range objects 
for<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; this entry contain valid values.&nbsp; If the value is both,
then<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; the value of the MIN/MAX IN/OUT label Range objects do not
contain<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; valid values&nbsp; (???? OR maybe&nbsp; need to contain the
same values as<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label Range objects for the<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; entry which has the mplsInterfaceConfIndex of
zero????)&quot;<br>
<br>
[NOTE:&nbsp; The description needs work because it needs to be<br>
co-ordinated with the MIN/MAX IN/OUT Label objects.]<br>
<br>
I think this enum would be explicit enough (and also combines<br>
the two boolean objects into one enum object -- so one less
object!).&nbsp; <br>
What do you think?<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp; Thanks, <br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Joan<br>
<br>
&gt; agree however, that changing the names to IsPerPlatformLabelSpace
<br>
&gt; and IsPerIfLabelSpace is a great idea as it makes this consistent
<br>
&gt; with the architecture.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; --Tom<br>
</blockquote></html>

--=====================_25027069==_.ALT--




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr  5 19:49:42 2000
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From: Markus Jork <mjork@avici.com>
To: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 2000 19:45:59 -0400
Organization: Avici
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The problem is as follows: I want to increase the bandwidth
of an already established tunnel without the danger of
deleting the tunnel when this change attempt fails.
(The same problem exists for any other parameter subject
to admission control such as the holding priority.)

In traditional RSVP, the receiver would make the decision
of increasing the flowspec for a session. If that attempt
fails at any node, the old flowspec would stay in place and
a ResvErr message would be sent back to the receiver.
There is an "InPlace" flag in the error object that indicates
this situation.

Things are different with RSVP-TE. Here, the sender (i.e. tunnel
ingress) should be in charge of modifying the bandwidth
of a tunnel. If the attempt to increase the bandwidth fails at any
node, an "Admission Control Failure" PathErr message has to be
sent back to the ingress. This is a new concept introduced by
RSVP-TE and so I'm wondering what exactly the semantics of
that PathErr message are.
A PathErr message has always implied that a Path message
cannot reach the destination and thus the ingress has to assume
that the tunnel lsp went down. Or was the intention to handle
an admission control error in a PathErr message like a ResvErr
including the "InPlace" flag?
In the first case (PathErr indicates the path could not be established),
one can use the make-before-break approach for increasing
the tunnel bandwidth. This will work fine as long as admission
control is done on the Path message travelling downstream
and not on the Resv message coming back upstream.

Markus


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr  5 20:12:35 2000
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Date: Wed, 05 Apr 2000 20:08:13 -0400
To: Markus Jork <mjork@avici.com>
From: Lou Berger <lberger@labn.net>
Subject: Re: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
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At 07:45 PM 4/5/00 -0400, Markus Jork wrote:
>The problem is as follows: I want to increase the bandwidth
>of an already established tunnel without the danger of
>deleting the tunnel when this change attempt fails.
>(The same problem exists for any other parameter subject
>to admission control such as the holding priority.)
>
>In traditional RSVP, the receiver would make the decision
>of increasing the flowspec for a session. If that attempt
>fails at any node, the old flowspec would stay in place and
>a ResvErr message would be sent back to the receiver.
>There is an "InPlace" flag in the error object that indicates
>this situation.
>
>Things are different with RSVP-TE. Here, the sender (i.e. tunnel
>ingress) should be in charge of modifying the bandwidth
>of a tunnel. If the attempt to increase the bandwidth fails at any
>node, an "Admission Control Failure" PathErr message has to be
>sent back to the ingress.

This presumes allocation on path.  While this can be done, the semantics of 
RSVP really don't properly handle this case. (as you point out.)  The 
normal way this would work, even with RSVP-TE is for the updated tspec to 
be passed to the receiver (the egress) and for the egress to then request 
an increase.  this will lead to normal RSVP processing.

>This is a new concept introduced by
>RSVP-TE and so I'm wondering what exactly the semantics of
>that PathErr message are.

I believe this is introduced by some implementations, not by RSVP-TE.

>A PathErr message has always implied that a Path message
>cannot reach the destination and thus the ingress has to assume
>that the tunnel lsp went down. Or was the intention to handle
>an admission control error in a PathErr message like a ResvErr
>including the "InPlace" flag?

While such a modification to RSVP is possible, I don't believe it's covered 
in the current documents.  Some thing along these lines may result from 
some of the proposed optical related extension, but it's still a bit too 
early to tell.

Lou

>In the first case (PathErr indicates the path could not be established),
>one can use the make-before-break approach for increasing
>the tunnel bandwidth. This will work fine as long as admission
>control is done on the Path message travelling downstream
>and not on the Resv message coming back upstream.
>
>Markus



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr  5 20:25:03 2000
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Date: Thu, 06 Apr 2000 09:30:07 +0900
To: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
From: Atsushi Iwata <iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp>
Subject: Re: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?
Cc: MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>,
        Norihito Fujita <n-fujita@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp>
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Hi, Peter,

I have one comment.

At 10:17 00/04/05 -0400, Peter Ashwood-Smith wrote:
>RE: draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00
>
>   Still looking for feedback on the feedback draft ... pun
>intended.
>
>   I will be asking the WG chairs for a last call on this in the
>next few days unless somebody has some issues with it.

As I explained our draft, draft-fujita-mpls-crldp-crankback-00.txt, in the 
last IETF, there are several possibilities of indicating of links or nodes. 
If you use unnumbered point-to-point links between routers, you cannot 
specify IPv4 address of interfaces for IPV4 specificed link feedback TLV 
and IPV6 specified link feedback TLV. In that case, you have to use a 
routing protocol (OSPF etc) dependent TLV to indicate links or nodes.

Our draft specifies protocol independent TLV (using ER-HOPS information) 
and routing protocol dependent TLV (OSPF, ISIS-specific information). I 
guess that our draft could be an one of possible solution to indicate such 
links or nodes.

What do you think ?

Best regards,
----------------------------------------------------------------
Atsushi Iwata
Assistant Manager
Network Architecture TG, Networking Research Laboratory
C&C Media Research Laboratories
NEC Corporation
4-1-1 Miyazaki Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan 216-8555
TEL: +81-44-856-2123 (Direct), Fax: +81-44-856-2230 (Direct)
NEC-internal TEL: 8-272-3281, NEC-internal FAX: 8-272-3299
E-mail: a-iwata@ah.jp.nec.com

** New organization has started since Apr.1, 2000. ***



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From: Markus Jork <mjork@avici.com>
To: "'Lou Berger'" <lberger@labn.net>
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 2000 20:33:00 -0400
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On Wednesday, April 05, 2000 8:08 PM, Lou Berger  wrote:
> At 07:45 PM 4/5/00 -0400, Markus Jork wrote:
> >The problem is as follows: I want to increase the bandwidth
> >of an already established tunnel without the danger of
> >deleting the tunnel when this change attempt fails.
> >(The same problem exists for any other parameter subject
> >to admission control such as the holding priority.)
> >
> >In traditional RSVP, the receiver would make the decision
> >of increasing the flowspec for a session. If that attempt
> >fails at any node, the old flowspec would stay in place and
> >a ResvErr message would be sent back to the receiver.
> >There is an "InPlace" flag in the error object that indicates
> >this situation.
> >
> >Things are different with RSVP-TE. Here, the sender (i.e. tunnel
> >ingress) should be in charge of modifying the bandwidth
> >of a tunnel. If the attempt to increase the bandwidth fails at any
> >node, an "Admission Control Failure" PathErr message has to be
> >sent back to the ingress.
> 
> This presumes allocation on path.  While this can be done, the semantics of 
> RSVP really don't properly handle this case. (as you point out.)  The 
> normal way this would work, even with RSVP-TE is for the updated tspec to 
> be passed to the receiver (the egress) and for the egress to then request 
> an increase.  this will lead to normal RSVP processing.
>
> >This is a new concept introduced by
> >RSVP-TE and so I'm wondering what exactly the semantics of
> >that PathErr message are.
> 
> I believe this is introduced by some implementations, not by RSVP-TE.

Section 4.7 of the draft says:
"If the requested bandwidth is not available a PathErr message is
returned with an Error Code of 01, Admission Control Failure, and an
Error Value of 0x0002."

Markus


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From: "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>
To: "'Thomas D. Nadeau'" <tnadeau@cisco.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan"
	 <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'Arun Viswanathan'" <arun@force10networks.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'cheenu@tachion.com'"
	 <cheenu@tachion.com>
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
Date: Wed, 5 Apr 2000 21:51:38 -0400 
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> > * mplsInSegmentXCIndex description is incorrect.  A value
> >   of zero could certainly indicates a valid cross connect.
> >   The XC table does model XCs even for terminating InSegments
> >   and Originating OutSegments.
> > 
> >   The syntax clause should be changed in either this
> >   table or in the XC table since the syntax should be
> >   the same in both places.
> 
> We meant it to be this way, that is, 0 is not a valid
> XC index. 0 is used to indicate that the XC entries
> have exhausted.


Currently, mplsInSegmentXCIndex has:

SYNTAX  Integer32(1..2147483647)
DESCRIPTION  
   "The index into mplsXCTable is used to identify which
   cross-connect entry this segment is part of.  Note
   that a value of zero indicates that it is not being
   referred to by any cross-connect entry."
DEFVAL {0}

Could this object be made a RowPointer? 

        Why do you want this to be a RowPointer? I think 
that doing so would unnecessarily complicate the indexing 
for the agent, so we would like to leave it as is.

Joan's questions are in ():
(The object is not correct as it appears in the MIB. 
SYNTAX should start at 0 (OR get rid of the DEFVAL {0}).

It is not clear from the above description what
the value of this object represents.  Does this
object take on the same value as 'mplsXCIndex' in 
the mplsXCTable'?

Is the value of 'mplsXCIndex' unique within the table?
Also, the value of 'mplsXCIndex' should have range which 
starts at 1, currently it is not specified so this means
zero would be an acceptable value.  Since mplsInSegmentXCIndex
uses zero to mean that there is no corresponding entry
in the mplsXCTable, this needs to be changed.)



> > * mplsInSegmentTSpecIndex -- this object needs to be made
> >   optional for LDP.
> 
> Is already optional. A value of zero to indicate best effort.
> See description.

Why is it necessary for an LDP only implementation to
support this?

        It is not necessary. Although an implementation 
must implement this value, it can certainly return 0.

Joan's comments are in ():
(But this really makes no sense for LDP, there is
no Tspec or Traffic Engineering, that is why we
also have CR-LDP, right?  So having an LDP only implementations
support objects which have no meaning for LDP is not acceptable.
Thus, it should be made optional in the conformance statements.

I thought we reached agreement that the TSpec table would
also be made optional for LDP.  Is this not the case?)


> > * mplsInSegmentOwner -- could this be removed from the
> >   table.  
> > 
> >   These object are of little value in my opinion because
> >   who really cares how the row got created?
> > 
> >   Also, if you have snmp and policyAgent, then you should
> >   add cli, config file, web, etc....
> > 
> >   Just seems to be a big rat hole in my opinion.
> 
> If you don't want to identify yourself, you can choose the
> 'other' option ;-)
> 
> It is there because folks asked for it. It provides
> tracking for usage information, for troubleshooting,
> and erroneous deletion by somebody how did not create
> it in the first place.

Are you planning on specifying in the enum the
other possibilities (cli, config file, web, etc...)?

        No.

Joan's question in ():
(why? don't you think you need these other 
ways of configuring for completeness of this object?)

Also, why is policyAgent one of the choices, this is 
a MIB and it was my understanding that policyAgent's used
PIBs.  PolicyAgents can't support RowStatus, so I believe
that choice should be removed.

        The PIB may not support RowStatus, but the agent which
interacts with the PIB/PolicyAgent may create an entry. It 
is our intent for this enumeration to note this case.

Joan's comments in (): 
(This may or may not be the case, it is not yet
defined what the interactions between the Policy Agent and
the SNMP Agent are going to be.  You have no way to know
if the Policy Agent will be able to inform the SNMP Agent
to create a Row or any other MIB entries for that matter.
Besides, if this was already defined, why would there even
be a need for a PIB?  we could just use MIB, right?

I would also like to understand what the heck difference
this makes for the LSR MIB.  It is putting many restrictions
on what the agent does and is of no relevance to the LSR MIB.
Could we compromise and have this object made optional in
the conformance section?)


> > * mplsOutSegmentIndexNext object range should start at 0 (zero).
> 
> No. 0 is bad index; is used to identify terminating connections
> in the cross-connect.

The description for this object says:
"If the number of unassigned entries is exhausted, 
this object will take on the value of 0...."

But the SYNTAX starts at 1, I believe that the SYNTAX should
start at 0.

        Good catch. Fixed.


> A label swapping is modelled as a pop followed by a push.
> See mplsInSegmentNPop. The description also talks about
> the ATM case.
> 
> > 
> >   Could you rephrase this section to specifically
> >   call out that for Version 1 of LDP using ATM or FR this should
> >   be set to true and Reference Section 5. of the LDP Spec?
> 
> I don't think we need to specially qualify LDP for this. This
> is common to any protocol on ATM.

I think that if you expect that people support this MIB
for LDP then you should be more accomodating.  I'm only
asking for a clarifying description and reference to be
added.

        Sure. How does this sound:

The number of labels to pop from the incoming packet.  Normally only the top
label is popped from the packet and used for all switching decisions for
that packet. Note that technologies which do not support label popping
should set this value to its default value of 1.           

Joan:  Good.


> > * mplsOutSegmentTopLabel
> >  
> >   Could this object be changed to contain the value of
> >   the top label on egress?  I think it would be
> >   much more interesting to point to the egress label
> >   especially since the prior object (mplsOutSegmentPushTopLabel)
> >   tells whether or not this was pushed.
> 
> 
> Hmm..I guess I don't understand the comment. 
> It already is what you are asking it to be.

Sorry, my mistake.  I think the name confused me,
would you consider a name change to mplsOutSegmentLabel?

        I think that mpslOutSegmentTopLabel is more
specific. I modified the description a bit to make it (hopefully)
be more explicit:

If mplsOutSegmentPushTopLabel is true then this represents the label that
should be pushed onto the top of the outgoing packet's label stack. Note
that the contents of the label field can be interpreted in an outgoing
interface-specific fashion.  For example, the label carried in the MPLS shim
header is 20 bits wide and the top 12 bits must be zero. The Frame Relay
label is 24 bits wide and the top 8 bits must be zero.  For ATM interfaces
the lowermost 16 bits are interpreted as the VCI, the next 8 bits as the VPI
and the remaining bits must be zero.

Joan(): (it was pointed out to us that there is a type in the MplsLabel
TC -- the vpi should be 12 bits.  Okay, adding the "the top" seemed to
help).


I know that we discussed this before and the reason
that you gave was that the MIB had been this way since
Feb 1999, but I am still confused as to why you
believe the indexing of this table to be better
than (mplsOutSegmentIfIndex, mplsOutSegmentLabel)

This won't work for the case where we want to pop the top label and 
forward the packet with whatever label is underneath, without knowing 
or wanting to know the underlying labels.

Joan():  (I'm a little confused because the LIB (or XC) is supposed
to be a ingress, egress pairing and other info, right?
If you don't keep the egress label used in forwarding, then
not sure that I understand what you are saying here.

Anyway, if you say that you can't change it then I so be it.)
 

> > * mplsXCIndexNext object's range should start at 0.
> 
> It is alright the way it is. 0 is reserved to indicate
> "no more cross-connect entries available".

I agree but the SYNTAX clause starts at 1 and should
start at 0. 

        Good catch. Fixed.


> > * INDEX clause and description of the entry:
> > 
> >   The description redefines what a values of zero means
> >   for the mplsInSegmentIfIndex and mplsInSegmentLabel;
> >   in the mplsInSegmentTable they mean one thing, 
> >   and yet, they mean something  else in the XC table.  
> > 
> 
> Yes, they are different tables.
> Index zero is valid only for the InSegemntTable.

They may be different tables but they are the same indices,
so they should be used the same everywhere they are referenced.
It is not acceptable to redefine what a value means just because
they are in different tables. 

        The index's definition is meaningful within the
context of each table. We went to great lengths to 
make the meaning within each context explicit.

Joan():  (What if there is an entry in the InSegment table
with values of MplsInSegmentLabel == 0 and mplsInSegmentIfIndex == 0,
which is an actual InSegment and is cross connecting to
an actual outsegment.  How is this InSegment and its
associated OutSegment represented in the XC table, such that
the NMS understand that this is a real XC and not an originating
LSP? 

This is exactly the reason that you cannot redefine the SAME
object to mean different things just because it is a different
table.  That is not accepted MIB practice.)


> > *  What do the AdminStatus and OperStatus objects mean when
> >    the LSP is terminating or Originating for this entry?
> > 
> 
> Admin status is provided to control the cross-connect from
> passing data. Oper status may reflect the overall health of 
> the cross-connect, for example, if the outgoing interface is
> down, then the cross-connect oper status may reflect that.

But what do they mean in the case of a terminating or originating
LSP which is in the XC table?
If AdminStatus is down, what does this imply for a terminating LSP?
Could the description be clarified to call this out, because this
is something which could be interpretted differently by different
vendors and needs to be clarified.

        This means that the LSP should not forward packets. 
We have updated section 7.0 Brief Description of MIB Objects,
to add some additional text explaining this more explicitly.

Joan: (I realize that perhaps I wasn't very clear, to put it
another way, does AdminStatus in the XC table differ from
the AdminStatus in the InSegment table?  If not, could you
just say so, or otherwise say how these are different?)

Thanks, Joan

        --Tom



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Date: Thu, 06 Apr 2000 14:07:28 +0900
From: Woojik Chun <chun@ce.cnu.ac.kr>
Organization: Dept. Compuer Eng. Chungnam National Univ.
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        shah@nist.gov, Chris Develder <Chris.Develder@intec.rug.ac.be>,
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	Saiklao <saiklao@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: MPLS Network Simulator
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About a month ago, I posted our work on MPLS network simulator.
Now I anounce the preliminary version of MNS (MPLS Network Simulator)
This version MPLS Network Simulator  is based on NS-2.

The primary purpose of MNS is to simulate MPLS networks and their
applications.
This version includes :

          MPLS Packet switching -- label swapping operation, TTL
decrement, and
          penultimate hop popping
          LDP -- handling LDP messages (Request, Mapping, Withdraw,
Release, and
          Notification)
          CR-LDP -- handling CR-LDP messages (Request and Mapping)

You will find breif introduction, manual, and some examples.
And also you can download the source code.

If you have any comment, question, or suggestion, post it via Q&A.

Please visit our Home page ( http://raonet.com/mns/  )




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr  6 11:36:09 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
Subject: Higher labels and RSVP
Date: Thu, 6 Apr 2000 11:33:23 -0400 
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Hi, 

I'm trying to resolve a question that looked simple at first:

Is it correct to say that higher level labels can only be drawn from the 
per-platform label space ?

At first it seemed natural, and then I even found in my archives discussions
before the BGP draft was issued that reinforced my conviction:

since packets labeld with BGP labels can arrive at an LSR over different 
interfaces, and the route my vary depending on IGP activity,
at packet reception time - the LSR can not tell by what interface the
labeled
packet should have arrived at.


This is all fine, and sound fine for BGP assigned labels. But...
When labels are assigned using RSVP the whole label stack 
is assigned at once - such that it depends on the semantics  -
is the label stack valid only as a whole ? 
Can the LSR that received the label binding (with 2+ labels)
use the higher levels stacked on other top labels ?

If the former is the case - then per-interface label space can be used.
if the latter, then only per-platform space can be used.

To make things interesting, in draft-swallow-rsvp-bypass-label-00 it
is explicitly assumed that the higher labels can be used with different
top labels (one for the original tunnel and a different one for the bypass
tunnel).

Ok,
so what say you ?


Andi.








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From: Arun Viswanathan <arun@force10networks.com>
To: "'Cucchiara, Joan'" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'Thomas D. Nadeau'"
	 <tnadeau@cisco.com>,
        "'Arun Viswanathan'" <arun@force10networks.com>,
        "'cheenu@tachion.com'" <cheenu@tachion.com>
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
Date: Thu, 6 Apr 2000 10:09:20 -0700 
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> Joan():  (What if there is an entry in the InSegment table
> with values of MplsInSegmentLabel == 0 and mplsInSegmentIfIndex == 0,
> which is an actual InSegment and is cross connecting to
> an actual outsegment.  How is this InSegment and its
> associated OutSegment represented in the XC table, such that
> the NMS understand that this is a real XC and not an originating
> LSP? 
> 

There is no ambiguity here. Label 0 cannot have an outgoing segment.
See label encap draft for explicit NULL label.

-arun


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Date: Thu, 06 Apr 2000 13:51:58 -0400
To: "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'Arun Viswanathan'" <arun@force10networks.com>,
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        "'cheenu@tachion.com'" <cheenu@tachion.com>
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
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         Hi Joan,

>Currently, mplsInSegmentXCIndex has:
>
>SYNTAX  Integer32(1..2147483647)
>DESCRIPTION
>    "The index into mplsXCTable is used to identify which
>    cross-connect entry this segment is part of.  Note
>    that a value of zero indicates that it is not being
>    referred to by any cross-connect entry."
>DEFVAL {0}
>
>Could this object be made a RowPointer?
>
>         Why do you want this to be a RowPointer? I think
>that doing so would unnecessarily complicate the indexing
>for the agent, so we would like to leave it as is.
>
>Joan's questions are in ():
>(The object is not correct as it appears in the MIB.
>SYNTAX should start at 0 (OR get rid of the DEFVAL {0}).

         Yes, this value has been fixed to have the correct
range.

>It is not clear from the above description what
>the value of this object represents.  Does this
>object take on the same value as 'mplsXCIndex' in
>the mplsXCTable'?

         Yes. We will add a sentence indicating this. I
think that it was our assumption that the name indicated
this.

>Is the value of 'mplsXCIndex' unique within the table?

         No. In cases of multipoint/multicast connections,
it is possible to have several segments "point at" the
same XC.

>Also, the value of 'mplsXCIndex' should have range which
>starts at 1, currently it is not specified so this means
>zero would be an acceptable value.  Since mplsInSegmentXCIndex
>uses zero to mean that there is no corresponding entry
>in the mplsXCTable, this needs to be changed.)

         Yes, this has been fixed.

> > > * mplsInSegmentTSpecIndex -- this object needs to be made
> > >   optional for LDP.
> >
> > Is already optional. A value of zero to indicate best effort.
> > See description.
>
>Why is it necessary for an LDP only implementation to
>support this?
>
>         It is not necessary. Although an implementation
>must implement this value, it can certainly return 0.
>
>Joan's comments are in ():
>(But this really makes no sense for LDP, there is
>no Tspec or Traffic Engineering, that is why we
>also have CR-LDP, right?  So having an LDP only implementations
>support objects which have no meaning for LDP is not acceptable.
>Thus, it should be made optional in the conformance statements.

         Is it really a big deal for an implementation to support
this just by setting the value to 0? The DEFVAL specifies 0 as
a default value, so most implementations will not have to do anything
here, and can support it as read-only, so it will never be
changed.

>I thought we reached agreement that the TSpec table would
>also be made optional for LDP.  Is this not the case?)

         Yes, the Tspec table is optional (i.e.: not included in
the module conformance statement).

> > > * mplsInSegmentOwner -- could this be removed from the
> > >   table.
> > >
> > >   These object are of little value in my opinion because
> > >   who really cares how the row got created?
> > >
> > >   Also, if you have snmp and policyAgent, then you should
> > >   add cli, config file, web, etc....
> > >
> > >   Just seems to be a big rat hole in my opinion.
> >
> > If you don't want to identify yourself, you can choose the
> > 'other' option ;-)
> >
> > It is there because folks asked for it. It provides
> > tracking for usage information, for troubleshooting,
> > and erroneous deletion by somebody how did not create
> > it in the first place.
>
>Are you planning on specifying in the enum the
>other possibilities (cli, config file, web, etc...)?
>
>         No.
>
>Joan's question in ():
>(why? don't you think you need these other
>ways of configuring for completeness of this object?)

         What the intent was with this object was to
identify either the signaling protocol, policy agent
(i.e.: COPS), agent (SNMP) or "other" configuration of this
object. The point here was to let external sources know
that if they did not create an object, that they may not
be allowed to delete/modify it depending on the implementation.
We distinguished SNMP since it seemed obvious. We also provided
"other" for managers who did not want to use "SNMP", but wanted
to note that something else configured the object (i.e.: cli,
web, etc...).

>Also, why is policyAgent one of the choices, this is
>a MIB and it was my understanding that policyAgent's used
>PIBs.  PolicyAgents can't support RowStatus, so I believe
>that choice should be removed.
>
>         The PIB may not support RowStatus, but the agent which
>interacts with the PIB/PolicyAgent may create an entry. It
>is our intent for this enumeration to note this case.
>
>Joan's comments in ():
>(This may or may not be the case, it is not yet
>defined what the interactions between the Policy Agent and
>the SNMP Agent are going to be.  You have no way to know
>if the Policy Agent will be able to inform the SNMP Agent
>to create a Row or any other MIB entries for that matter.

         As you pointed out, it may or may not be the case. We
are focusing on the "may" case. I believe the original request
for this object came from one of the reference implementations.

>I would also like to understand what the heck difference
>this makes for the LSR MIB.  It is putting many restrictions
>on what the agent does and is of no relevance to the LSR MIB.
>Could we compromise and have this object made optional in
>the conformance section?)

         I think that this is reasonable, since I believe that
we have stated already that the implementation of this object
is implementation-specific. Certainly implementation of this
object at all. How about leaving the object there, but adding
another option called "unknown" and making this the DEFVAL?

>Joan: (I realize that perhaps I wasn't very clear, to put it
>another way, does AdminStatus in the XC table differ from
>the AdminStatus in the InSegment table?  If not, could you
>just say so, or otherwise say how these are different?)

         Yes, their values *may* differ. I think that the distinction
should be clear from the definitions of admin and oper status. It may
be the case that some implementations do not allow modification of
these values, and hence might want different admin/operStatus
values just like in any other MIB. However, in other cases, where
they do not allow modification of these values, then they will
be the same thing: whatever the agent has set them to.

         --Tom





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To: iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp, "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
Cc: MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>,
        Norihito Fujita <n-fujita@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp>
Subject: RE: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?
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Dear Atsushi Iwata, 

The feedback draft is aimed at numbered links only. The cycle is 
a path is selected from a topology database that is populated by 
an IGP. Both IGPs use the same format so it does not matter which 
IGP. The path becomes the ER MPLS LSP.

Next the ER LSP is established and our Draft uses CR-LDP to accomplish 
this. If a link that is not able to support the path is encountered, 
the bandwidth profile (independent of the IGP for the number link) is
added to the failure notification. This information is generated for 
every link along the traversed section of the path.

This information can then be added to the topology database improving its
accuracy for all subsequent path requests.  

A crankback as you describe cannot update the database since it may 
not have an accurate bandwidth profile. This could happen if you 
encountered a node that did not support the feedback. So crankback
could be the degenerate case of feedback. 

ER paths can support un-numbered links in some cases. When the path is 
loose routed, for example, but this is not the constraint based case 
we were covering in the draft.

Don

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Atsushi Iwata [mailto:iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp]
> Sent: Wednesday, April 05, 2000 8:30 PM
> To: Ashwood-Smith, Peter [CAR:CS57:EXCH]
> Cc: MPLS mailing list; Norihito Fujita
> Subject: Re: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?
> 
> 
> Hi, Peter,
> 
> I have one comment.
> 
> At 10:17 00/04/05 -0400, Peter Ashwood-Smith wrote:
> >RE: draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00
> >
> >   Still looking for feedback on the feedback draft ... pun
> >intended.
> >
> >   I will be asking the WG chairs for a last call on this in the
> >next few days unless somebody has some issues with it.
> 
> As I explained our draft, 
> draft-fujita-mpls-crldp-crankback-00.txt, in the 
> last IETF, there are several possibilities of indicating of 
> links or nodes. 
> If you use unnumbered point-to-point links between routers, 
> you cannot 
> specify IPv4 address of interfaces for IPV4 specificed link 
> feedback TLV 
> and IPV6 specified link feedback TLV. In that case, you have to use a 
> routing protocol (OSPF etc) dependent TLV to indicate links or nodes.
> 
> Our draft specifies protocol independent TLV (using ER-HOPS 
> information) 
> and routing protocol dependent TLV (OSPF, ISIS-specific 
> information). I 
> guess that our draft could be an one of possible solution to 
> indicate such 
> links or nodes.
> 
> What do you think ?
> 
> Best regards,
> ----------------------------------------------------------------
> Atsushi Iwata
> Assistant Manager
> Network Architecture TG, Networking Research Laboratory
> C&C Media Research Laboratories
> NEC Corporation
> 4-1-1 Miyazaki Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan 216-8555
> TEL: +81-44-856-2123 (Direct), Fax: +81-44-856-2230 (Direct)
> NEC-internal TEL: 8-272-3281, NEC-internal FAX: 8-272-3299
> E-mail: a-iwata@ah.jp.nec.com
> 
> ** New organization has started since Apr.1, 2000. ***
> 
> 

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<TITLE>RE: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?</TITLE>
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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Dear Atsushi Iwata, </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>The feedback draft is aimed at numbered links only. The cycle is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>a path is selected from a topology database that is populated by </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>an IGP. Both IGPs use the same format so it does not matter which </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>IGP. The path becomes the ER MPLS LSP.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Next the ER LSP is established and our Draft uses CR-LDP to accomplish </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>this. If a link that is not able to support the path is encountered, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the bandwidth profile (independent of the IGP for the number link) is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>added to the failure notification. This information is generated for </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>every link along the traversed section of the path.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>This information can then be added to the topology database improving its</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>accuracy for all subsequent path requests.&nbsp; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>A crankback as you describe cannot update the database since it may </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>not have an accurate bandwidth profile. This could happen if you </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>encountered a node that did not support the feedback. So crankback</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>could be the degenerate case of feedback. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>ER paths can support un-numbered links in some cases. When the path is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>loose routed, for example, but this is not the constraint based case </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>we were covering in the draft.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Don</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Atsushi Iwata [<A HREF="mailto:iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp">mailto:iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Wednesday, April 05, 2000 8:30 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: Ashwood-Smith, Peter [CAR:CS57:EXCH]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: MPLS mailing list; Norihito Fujita</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: Re: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Hi, Peter,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I have one comment.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; At 10:17 00/04/05 -0400, Peter Ashwood-Smith wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;RE: draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Still looking for feedback on the feedback draft ... pun</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;intended.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; I will be asking the WG chairs for a last call on this in the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;next few days unless somebody has some issues with it.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; As I explained our draft, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; draft-fujita-mpls-crldp-crankback-00.txt, in the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; last IETF, there are several possibilities of indicating of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; links or nodes. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; If you use unnumbered point-to-point links between routers, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; you cannot </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; specify IPv4 address of interfaces for IPV4 specificed link </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; feedback TLV </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; and IPV6 specified link feedback TLV. In that case, you have to use a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; routing protocol (OSPF etc) dependent TLV to indicate links or nodes.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Our draft specifies protocol independent TLV (using ER-HOPS </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; information) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; and routing protocol dependent TLV (OSPF, ISIS-specific </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; information). I </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; guess that our draft could be an one of possible solution to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; indicate such </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; links or nodes.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; What do you think ?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Best regards,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; ----------------------------------------------------------------</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Atsushi Iwata</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Assistant Manager</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Network Architecture TG, Networking Research Laboratory</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; C&amp;C Media Research Laboratories</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; NEC Corporation</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; 4-1-1 Miyazaki Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan 216-8555</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; TEL: +81-44-856-2123 (Direct), Fax: +81-44-856-2230 (Direct)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; NEC-internal TEL: 8-272-3281, NEC-internal FAX: 8-272-3299</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; E-mail: a-iwata@ah.jp.nec.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; ** New organization has started since Apr.1, 2000. ***</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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To: Markus Jork <mjork@avici.com>
cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>, swallow@cisco.com
Subject: Re: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 05 Apr 2000 19:45:59 EDT."
             <01BF9F37.91BBE0D0.mjork@avici.com> 
Date: Thu, 06 Apr 2000 14:44:33 -0400
From: George Swallow <swallow@cisco.com>
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Markus -

> one can use the make-before-break approach for increasing
> the tunnel bandwidth. This will work fine as long as admission
> control is done on the Path message travelling downstream
> and not on the Resv message coming back upstream.

I always intended that BW changes be handled exactly this way.

...George

==================================================================
George Swallow       Cisco Systems                   (978) 244-8143
                     250 Apollo Drive
                     Chelmsford, Ma 01824



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To: "'George Swallow'" <swallow@cisco.com>
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE 
Date: Thu, 6 Apr 2000 16:32:20 -0400
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On Thursday, April 06, 2000 2:45 PM, George Swallow  wrote:
> Markus -
> 
> > one can use the make-before-break approach for increasing
> > the tunnel bandwidth. This will work fine as long as admission
> > control is done on the Path message travelling downstream
> > and not on the Resv message coming back upstream.
> 
> I always intended that BW changes be handled exactly this way.
> 
> ...George

Ok, works for us. But I guess it would be good to clarify this in
the spec.

thanks,
Markus


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To: George Swallow <swallow@cisco.com>
cc: Markus Jork <mjork@avici.com>, "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 06 Apr 2000 14:44:33 EDT."
             <200004061844.OAA22945@lir.cisco.com> 
Date: Thu, 06 Apr 2000 17:17:39 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <200004061844.OAA22945@lir.cisco.com>, George Swallow writes:
> Markus -
> 
> > one can use the make-before-break approach for increasing
> > the tunnel bandwidth. This will work fine as long as admission
> > control is done on the Path message travelling downstream
> > and not on the Resv message coming back upstream.
> 
> I always intended that BW changes be handled exactly this way.
> 
> ...George


George,

Does that mean that:

  1.  Once a set of parameters are set in a PATH message, all PATH
      messages MUST have the same set of parameters.

or

  2.  Once a set of parameters are set in a PATH message, all PATH
      messages SHOULD have the same set of parameters.  If not, there
      is a risk of admission control rejecting the request.  For some
      cases such as reduction in bandwidth, the risk of being rejected
      by admission control is nil (excluding the possibility of bugs)
      or small.

If you mean 2 (path messages SHOULD use the same parameters), then
there is a requirement for midpoint nodes to try to accommodate the
change.  If so, can any parameter change, such as holding and
reserving priority.

If you mean 1 (path messages MUST use the same parameters), then
midpoint implementations can be simplified somewhat.

We would appreciate it if you would clarify this by telling us if you
meant MUST or SHOULD in the above context, and update the draft to
make the clarification explicit.

Thanks,

Curtis


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To: curtis@avici.com
cc: George Swallow <swallow@cisco.com>, Markus Jork <mjork@avici.com>,
        "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>, swallow@cisco.com
Subject: Re: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 06 Apr 2000 17:17:39 EDT."
             <200004062117.RAA78865@curtis-lt.avici.com> 
Date: Thu, 06 Apr 2000 17:51:56 -0400
From: George Swallow <swallow@cisco.com>
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Curtis -

I meant SHOULD.  Or more precisely it is RECOMMENDED for the TE
Application's use of RSVP.  A MUST would be a significant change to
RSVP and I didn't think that would fly.

...George

==================================================================
George Swallow       Cisco Systems                   (978) 244-8143
                     250 Apollo Drive
                     Chelmsford, Ma 01824



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr  6 19:17:19 2000
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From: Fong Liaw <FLiaw@zaffire.com>
To: "'Markus Jork'" <mjork@avici.com>, "'George Swallow'" <swallow@cisco.com>
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>, "'berson@isi.edu'" <berson@isi.edu>
Subject: RE: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE 
Date: Thu, 6 Apr 2000 16:20:39 -0700 
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Markus

I might be stretching my knowledge about RSVP
and RSVP-TE. But I believe the old reservation
using a different sender id will not be deleted 
even if the new one failed. I believe RESV
message carries the "largest" reservations by
all listed senders. When reservation of one sender 
timed out, the reservation will be recalculated on
next refresh cycle or error message which would
result in the old reservation.

This is exactly the "make before break" behavior
you wanted. There might be issue on efficiency
of the control messages, but I believe that is
not what you are asking.

-Fong
 

-----Original Message-----
From: Markus Jork [mailto:mjork@avici.com]
Sent: Thursday, April 06, 2000 1:32 PM
To: 'George Swallow'
Cc: 'mpls@uu.net'
Subject: RE: tunnel bandwidth change and RSVP-TE 


On Thursday, April 06, 2000 2:45 PM, George Swallow  wrote:
> Markus -
> 
> > one can use the make-before-break approach for increasing
> > the tunnel bandwidth. This will work fine as long as admission
> > control is done on the Path message travelling downstream
> > and not on the Resv message coming back upstream.
> 
> I always intended that BW changes be handled exactly this way.
> 
> ...George

Ok, works for us. But I guess it would be good to clarify this in
the spec.

thanks,
Markus


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From: "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>
To: "'Thomas D. Nadeau'" <tnadeau@cisco.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan"
	 <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'Arun Viswanathan'" <arun@force10networks.com>,
        "Cucchiara, Joan"
	 <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'cheenu@tachion.com'" <cheenu@tachion.com>
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
Date: Thu, 6 Apr 2000 20:21:38 -0400 
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Hi Tom,

>          Is it really a big deal for an implementation to support
> this just by setting the value to 0? The DEFVAL specifies 0 as
> a default value, so most implementations will not have to do anything
> here, and can support it as read-only, so it will never be
> changed.

If no one else minds that they support this
object for LDP implementations then it is okay with me.

> >Are you planning on specifying in the enum the
> >other possibilities (cli, config file, web, etc...)?
> >
> >         No.
> >
> >Joan's question in ():
> >(why? don't you think you need these other
> >ways of configuring for completeness of this object?)
> 
>          What the intent was with this object was to
> identify either the signaling protocol, policy agent
> (i.e.: COPS), agent (SNMP) or "other" configuration of this
> object. The point here was to let external sources know
> that if they did not create an object, that they may not
> be allowed to delete/modify it depending on the implementation.
> We distinguished SNMP since it seemed obvious. We also provided
> "other" for managers who did not want to use "SNMP", but wanted
> to note that something else configured the object (i.e.: cli,
> web, etc...).
> 
> >Also, why is policyAgent one of the choices, this is
> >a MIB and it was my understanding that policyAgent's used
> >PIBs.  PolicyAgents can't support RowStatus, so I believe
> >that choice should be removed.
> >
> >         The PIB may not support RowStatus, but the agent which
> >interacts with the PIB/PolicyAgent may create an entry. It
> >is our intent for this enumeration to note this case.
> >
> >Joan's comments in ():
> >(This may or may not be the case, it is not yet
> >defined what the interactions between the Policy Agent and
> >the SNMP Agent are going to be.  You have no way to know
> >if the Policy Agent will be able to inform the SNMP Agent
> >to create a Row or any other MIB entries for that matter.
> 
>          As you pointed out, it may or may not be the case. We
> are focusing on the "may" case. I believe the original request
> for this object came from one of the reference implementations.


It is not acceptable to put enums like this in a standard mib
which "may" be defined.  If the interaction between a policyAgent
and an SNMP Agent for row-creation is ever defined, it is a long
long way off (YEARS).  By then this MIB will be on its 57th revision :)

There is not one other standard's track MIB which indicates whether a
row was created by a policyAgent/PIB vs. a snmpAgent/MIB.
If someone really wants this enum then it belongs in their enterprise
MIB and NOT in a standard MIB.

Could you take this policyAgent enum out now and put it in
when someone describes how a Policy Agent instructs an SNMP agent
to create a row? 

If you could remove the policyAgent enum and the SNMP enum and
just use a generic "mgmt" enum, that would be an acceptable
alternative. 

Also, I disagree with the premise that the row needs to be destroyed
by the same protocol which created it.  If a human being wants to
take down an LSP which was created via signalling what is the problem
with that?  I would also like to understand what the agent is supposed
to return for an error code in this situation?

    -Thanks, Joan

  













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From: Cheenu Srinivasan <csrinivasan@tachion.com>
To: "'Cucchiara, Joan'" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'Thomas D. Nadeau'"
	 <tnadeau@cisco.com>,
        "'Arun Viswanathan'" <arun@force10networks.com>
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Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
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> > >Joan's question in ():
> > >(why? don't you think you need these other
> > >ways of configuring for completeness of this object?)
> > 
> >          What the intent was with this object was to
> > identify either the signaling protocol, policy agent
> > (i.e.: COPS), agent (SNMP) or "other" configuration of this
> > object. The point here was to let external sources know
> > that if they did not create an object, that they may not
> > be allowed to delete/modify it depending on the implementation.
> > We distinguished SNMP since it seemed obvious. We also provided
> > "other" for managers who did not want to use "SNMP", but wanted
> > to note that something else configured the object (i.e.: cli,
> > web, etc...).
> > 
> > >Also, why is policyAgent one of the choices, this is
> > >a MIB and it was my understanding that policyAgent's used
> > >PIBs.  PolicyAgents can't support RowStatus, so I believe
> > >that choice should be removed.
> > >
> > >         The PIB may not support RowStatus, but the agent which
> > >interacts with the PIB/PolicyAgent may create an entry. It
> > >is our intent for this enumeration to note this case.
> > >
> > >Joan's comments in ():
> > >(This may or may not be the case, it is not yet
> > >defined what the interactions between the Policy Agent and
> > >the SNMP Agent are going to be.  You have no way to know
> > >if the Policy Agent will be able to inform the SNMP Agent
> > >to create a Row or any other MIB entries for that matter.
> > 
> >          As you pointed out, it may or may not be the case. We
> > are focusing on the "may" case. I believe the original request
> > for this object came from one of the reference implementations.
> 
> 
> It is not acceptable to put enums like this in a standard mib
> which "may" be defined.  If the interaction between a policyAgent
> and an SNMP Agent for row-creation is ever defined, it is a long
> long way off (YEARS).  By then this MIB will be on its 57th 
> revision :)

Let me try to clarify before we drift too far afield (if we haven't
already).

The intent of this object is to indicate the owner/creator of this 
conceptual row. Just because we expose something via an SNMP interface
does not mean that these are/should be manipulated via SNMP. This is
true of all the standard MIBs we have out there. The
interaction/interface between the owner of the object and the LSR is
irrelevant here. This applies equally to any of the signaling protocols,
a policy agent etc. Any of them can and probably will use a proprietary
interface to create objects inside the LSR. Do you imagine that
LDP or RSVP is going to issue SNMP protocol requests to create/configure
anything? The concept of a PIB is also irrelevant here for the same reason
and only governs the interaction between the policy server and policy
agent. 

Cheenu 

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<TITLE>RE: LSR MIB comments and questions</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;Joan's question in ():</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;(why? don't you think you need these =
other</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;ways of configuring for completeness =
of this object?)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; What the =
intent was with this object was to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; identify either the signaling protocol, =
policy agent</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; (i.e.: COPS), agent (SNMP) or =
&quot;other&quot; configuration of this</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; object. The point here was to let external =
sources know</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; that if they did not create an object, =
that they may not</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; be allowed to delete/modify it depending =
on the implementation.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; We distinguished SNMP since it seemed =
obvious. We also provided</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &quot;other&quot; for managers who did not =
want to use &quot;SNMP&quot;, but wanted</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; to note that something else configured the =
object (i.e.: cli,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; web, etc...).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;Also, why is policyAgent one of the =
choices, this is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;a MIB and it was my understanding that =
policyAgent's used</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;PIBs.&nbsp; PolicyAgents can't support =
RowStatus, so I believe</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;that choice should be removed.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; =
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The PIB may not =
support RowStatus, but the agent which</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;interacts with the PIB/PolicyAgent may =
create an entry. It</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;is our intent for this enumeration to =
note this case.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;Joan's comments in ():</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;(This may or may not be the case, it =
is not yet</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;defined what the interactions between =
the Policy Agent and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;the SNMP Agent are going to be.&nbsp; =
You have no way to know</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;if the Policy Agent will be able to =
inform the SNMP Agent</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;to create a Row or any other MIB =
entries for that matter.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; =
&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; As you =
pointed out, it may or may not be the case. We</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; are focusing on the &quot;may&quot; case. =
I believe the original request</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; for this object came from one of the =
reference implementations.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; It is not acceptable to put enums like this in =
a standard mib</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; which &quot;may&quot; be defined.&nbsp; If the =
interaction between a policyAgent</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; and an SNMP Agent for row-creation is ever =
defined, it is a long</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; long way off (YEARS).&nbsp; By then this MIB =
will be on its 57th </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; revision :)</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Let me try to clarify before we drift too far afield =
(if we haven't already).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>The intent of this object is to indicate the =
owner/creator of this </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>conceptual row. Just because we expose something via =
an SNMP interface</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>does not mean that these are/should be manipulated =
via SNMP. This is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>true of all the standard MIBs we have out there. =
The</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>interaction/interface between the owner of the =
object and the LSR is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>irrelevant here. This applies equally to any of the =
signaling protocols,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>a policy agent etc. Any of them can and probably =
will use a proprietary</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>interface to create objects inside the LSR. Do you =
imagine that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>LDP or RSVP is going to issue SNMP protocol requests =
to create/configure</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>anything? The concept of a PIB is also irrelevant =
here for the same reason</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>and only governs the interaction between the policy =
server and policy</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>agent. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Cheenu </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From: Keith McCloghrie <kzm@cisco.com>
Message-Id: <200004070106.SAA26980@foxhound.cisco.com>
Subject: Re: LSR MIB comments and questions
To: JCucchiara@Brixnet.com (Cucchiara Joan)
Date: Thu, 6 Apr 2000 18:06:15 -0700 (PDT)
Cc: tnadeau@cisco.com ('Thomas D. Nadeau'),
        JCucchiara@Brixnet.com (Cucchiara Joan),
        arun@force10networks.com ('Arun Viswanathan'),
        cheenu@tachion.com ('cheenu@tachion.com'), mpls@UU.NET ('mpls@uu.net')
In-Reply-To: <07B0D4912B83D31188F300A0C9F62EBB15F96B@brixcorp2.brixnet.com> from "Cucchiara, Joan" at Apr 06, 2000 08:21:38 PM
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> > >Are you planning on specifying in the enum the
> > >other possibilities (cli, config file, web, etc...)?
> > >
> > >         No.
> > >
> > >Joan's question in ():
> > >(why? don't you think you need these other
> > >ways of configuring for completeness of this object?)
> > 
> >          What the intent was with this object was to
> > identify either the signaling protocol, policy agent
> > (i.e.: COPS), agent (SNMP) or "other" configuration of this
> > object. The point here was to let external sources know
> > that if they did not create an object, that they may not
> > be allowed to delete/modify it depending on the implementation.
> > We distinguished SNMP since it seemed obvious. We also provided
> > "other" for managers who did not want to use "SNMP", but wanted
> > to note that something else configured the object (i.e.: cli,
> > web, etc...).
> > 
> > >Also, why is policyAgent one of the choices, this is
> > >a MIB and it was my understanding that policyAgent's used
> > >PIBs.  PolicyAgents can't support RowStatus, so I believe
> > >that choice should be removed.
> > >
> > >         The PIB may not support RowStatus, but the agent which
> > >interacts with the PIB/PolicyAgent may create an entry. It
> > >is our intent for this enumeration to note this case.
> > >
> > >Joan's comments in ():
> > >(This may or may not be the case, it is not yet
> > >defined what the interactions between the Policy Agent and
> > >the SNMP Agent are going to be.  You have no way to know
> > >if the Policy Agent will be able to inform the SNMP Agent
> > >to create a Row or any other MIB entries for that matter.
> > 
> >          As you pointed out, it may or may not be the case. We
> > are focusing on the "may" case. I believe the original request
> > for this object came from one of the reference implementations.
> 
> It is not acceptable to put enums like this in a standard mib
> which "may" be defined.  If the interaction between a policyAgent
> and an SNMP Agent for row-creation is ever defined, it is a long
> long way off (YEARS).  By then this MIB will be on its 57th revision :)

Actually, the "interaction between a policyAgent and an SNMP Agent
for row-creation" is already defined.

> There is not one other standard's track MIB which indicates whether a
> row was created by a policyAgent/PIB vs. a snmpAgent/MIB.
> If someone really wants this enum then it belongs in their enterprise
> MIB and NOT in a standard MIB.
 
Actually, Kwok Ho Chan (khchan@nortelnetworks.com) proposed included
similar information in the DiffServ MIB some time ago.  If multiple
vendors want it, then perhaps it does belong in some standard MIB.

> Could you take this policyAgent enum out now and put it in
> when someone describes how a Policy Agent instructs an SNMP agent
> to create a row? 
 
A Policy Agent does *not* instruct an SNMP agent to create a row.
Rather, the Policy Agent creates the underlying instrumentation, i.e.,
a DiffServ Classifier, or an LSP, or whatever, based on instructions
it receives using the features of whatever protocol it happens to be
using.  Once it is created, it shows up in the SNMP MIB.  RowStatus
is needed only when a row is to be created/modified/deleted using
SNMP Sets.

For example, some people (but not me) believe that a Policy Agent
should extract policies directly out of a Directory using LDAP, but
that doesn't mean the LDAP schema needs a RowStatus in it.

> Also, I disagree with the premise that the row needs to be destroyed
> by the same protocol which created it.  If a human being wants to
> take down an LSP which was created via signalling what is the problem
> with that?  I would also like to understand what the agent is supposed
> to return for an error code in this situation?

I agree with this.

Keith.



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr  6 21:46:53 2000
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Date: Fri, 07 Apr 2000 10:54:30 +0900
To: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
From: Atsushi Iwata <iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp>
Subject: RE: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?
Cc: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>,
        MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>,
        Norihito Fujita <n-fujita@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp>
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Dear Don Fedyk,

Thank you for your reponse.

I understand the target of your draft.
Could you add any sections which clarify the current limitation of your 
draft, such as not supporting unnumbered links, or something like that ?

Regards,

At 12:56 00/04/06 -0500, Don Fedyk wrote:

>Dear Atsushi Iwata,
>
>The feedback draft is aimed at numbered links only. The cycle is
>a path is selected from a topology database that is populated by
>an IGP. Both IGPs use the same format so it does not matter which
>IGP. The path becomes the ER MPLS LSP.
>
>Next the ER LSP is established and our Draft uses CR-LDP to accomplish
>this. If a link that is not able to support the path is encountered,
>the bandwidth profile (independent of the IGP for the number link) is
>added to the failure notification. This information is generated for
>every link along the traversed section of the path.
>
>This information can then be added to the topology database improving its
>accuracy for all subsequent path requests.
>
>A crankback as you describe cannot update the database since it may
>not have an accurate bandwidth profile. This could happen if you
>encountered a node that did not support the feedback. So crankback
>could be the degenerate case of feedback.
>
>ER paths can support un-numbered links in some cases. When the path is
>loose routed, for example, but this is not the constraint based case
>we were covering in the draft.
>
>Don
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Atsushi Iwata 
> [<mailto:iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp>mailto:iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp]
> > Sent: Wednesday, April 05, 2000 8:30 PM
> > To: Ashwood-Smith, Peter [CAR:CS57:EXCH]
> > Cc: MPLS mailing list; Norihito Fujita
> > Subject: Re: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?
> >
> >
> > Hi, Peter,
> >
> > I have one comment.
> >
> > At 10:17 00/04/05 -0400, Peter Ashwood-Smith wrote:
> > >RE: draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00
> > >
> > >   Still looking for feedback on the feedback draft ... pun
> > >intended.
> > >
> > >   I will be asking the WG chairs for a last call on this in the
> > >next few days unless somebody has some issues with it.
> >
> > As I explained our draft,
> > draft-fujita-mpls-crldp-crankback-00.txt, in the
> > last IETF, there are several possibilities of indicating of
> > links or nodes.
> > If you use unnumbered point-to-point links between routers,
> > you cannot
> > specify IPv4 address of interfaces for IPV4 specificed link
> > feedback TLV
> > and IPV6 specified link feedback TLV. In that case, you have to use a
> > routing protocol (OSPF etc) dependent TLV to indicate links or nodes.
> >
> > Our draft specifies protocol independent TLV (using ER-HOPS
> > information)
> > and routing protocol dependent TLV (OSPF, ISIS-specific
> > information). I
> > guess that our draft could be an one of possible solution to
> > indicate such
> > links or nodes.
> >
> > What do you think ?
> >
> > Best regards,
> > ----------------------------------------------------------------
> > Atsushi Iwata
> > Assistant Manager
> > Network Architecture TG, Networking Research Laboratory
> > C&C Media Research Laboratories
> > NEC Corporation
> > 4-1-1 Miyazaki Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan 216-8555
> > TEL: +81-44-856-2123 (Direct), Fax: +81-44-856-2230 (Direct)
> > NEC-internal TEL: 8-272-3281, NEC-internal FAX: 8-272-3299
> > E-mail: a-iwata@ah.jp.nec.com
> >
> > ** New organization has started since Apr.1, 2000. ***
> >
> >

----------------------------------------------------------------
Atsushi Iwata
Assistant Manager
Network Architecture TG, Networking Research Laboratory
C&C Media Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation
4-1-1 Miyazaki Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan 216-8555
TEL: +81-44-856-2123 (Direct), Fax: +81-44-856-2230 (Direct)
NEC-internal TEL: 8-272-3281, NEC-internal FAX: 8-272-3299
Internet E-mail:     a-iwata@ah.jp.nec.com
NEC-internal E-mail: iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp

** New organization has started since Apr.1, 2000. ***



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr  6 22:08:23 2000
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From: Arun Viswanathan <arun@force10networks.com>
To: "'Cucchiara, Joan'" <JCucchiara@Brixnet.com>,
        "'Thomas D. Nadeau'"
	 <tnadeau@cisco.com>,
        "'Arun Viswanathan'" <arun@force10networks.com>,
        "'cheenu@tachion.com'" <cheenu@tachion.com>
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: LSR MIB comments and questions
Date: Thu, 6 Apr 2000 19:07:41 -0700 
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Joan,

> > >Joan's comments in ():
> > >(This may or may not be the case, it is not yet
> > >defined what the interactions between the Policy Agent and
> > >the SNMP Agent are going to be.  You have no way to know
> > >if the Policy Agent will be able to inform the SNMP Agent
> > >to create a Row or any other MIB entries for that matter.
> > 
> >          As you pointed out, it may or may not be the case. We
> > are focusing on the "may" case. I believe the original request
> > for this object came from one of the reference implementations.
> 
> 
> It is not acceptable to put enums like this in a standard mib
> which "may" be defined.  If the interaction between a policyAgent
> and an SNMP Agent for row-creation is ever defined, it is a long
> long way off (YEARS).

For some it may be years away, perhaps not so for others.
Besides, the policy agent doesn't have to go through SNMP agent
to create entries in the table. There is no need for a standard
on how policy agent creates entries in the LIB.

>   By then this MIB will be on its 57th 
> revision :)

At this rate even version 1 looks remote to me :-)

> 
> There is not one other standard's track MIB which indicates whether a
> row was created by a policyAgent/PIB vs. a snmpAgent/MIB.
> If someone really wants this enum then it belongs in their enterprise
> MIB and NOT in a standard MIB.
> 
> Could you take this policyAgent enum out now and put it in
> when someone describes how a Policy Agent instructs an SNMP agent
> to create a row? 
> 
> If you could remove the policyAgent enum and the SNMP enum and
> just use a generic "mgmt" enum, that would be an acceptable
> alternative.

What your are suggesting is useless and doesn't serve any purpose.
Just defining one enum defeats the whole purpose of this object.
How do you suggest we track which entity created a row in this
table?

> 
> Also, I disagree with the premise that the row needs to be destroyed
> by the same protocol which created it.

This is a non-issue. This is an implementation choice.

>  If a human being wants to
> take down an LSP which was created via signalling what is the problem
> with that?

Same as above.

>  I would also like to understand what the agent is supposed
> to return for an error code in this situation?
> 

I think you are laboring a rather innocuous but useful object.
The ONLY purpose of the object is to track which entity created
an entry in the table for the purpose of trouble-shooting and
reporting. The object's purpose is NOT to allow or disallow an
entity from creating entries into LIB. So, even if we choose
to remove some of the enum doesn't mean those entities cannot
create rows in the LIB. 

-arun
 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr  7 07:05:45 2000
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Date:  7 Apr 00 04:10:32 MDT
From: Babla Babla <babla_76@usa.net>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Hello
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Hi!
Is there any draft for support of Integrated and Differentiated Services for
CR-LDP ?

____________________________________________________________________
Get free email and a permanent address at http://www.netaddress.com/?N=1


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr  7 09:45:35 2000
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From: Irwin Lazar <ILazar@tbg.com>
To: "'Babla Babla'" <babla_76@usa.net>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Hello
Date: Fri, 7 Apr 2000 07:42:30 -0600 
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There are several related drafts on the MPLS Resource Center -
http://www.mplsrc.com/

Irwin

-----Original Message-----
From: Babla Babla [mailto:babla_76@usa.net]
Sent: Friday, April 07, 2000 6:11 AM
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Hello


Hi!
Is there any draft for support of Integrated and Differentiated Services for
CR-LDP ?

____________________________________________________________________
Get free email and a permanent address at http://www.netaddress.com/?N=1


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr  7 10:32:49 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
Subject: encoding 2 labels in vpi/vci fieds
Date: Fri, 7 Apr 2000 10:31:37 -0400 
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Hi,

In the back of my mind I have this recolection of reading about this 
possible encoding - 
the VPI  encodes the top level label and the VCI the next higher label.

I think it was in atm-mpls-00, but I don't have that version anymore.
In the current atm-mpls-02 this encoding not mentioned.

Is this a valid way to encode labels over ATM ?


Thanx.



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr  7 10:52:59 2000
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From: Shahram Davari <Shahram_Davari@pmc-sierra.com>
To: "'Abes, Andi'" <aabes@quarrytech.com>, MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: encoding 2 labels in vpi/vci fieds
Date: Fri, 7 Apr 2000 07:48:05 -0700 
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Abes,

Check section 3.25.2. of : 

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-arch-06.txt

-Shahram

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Abes, Andi [mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com]
>Sent: Friday, April 07, 2000 10:32 AM
>To: MPLS mailing list
>Subject: encoding 2 labels in vpi/vci fieds
>
>
>Hi,
>
>In the back of my mind I have this recolection of reading about this 
>possible encoding - 
>the VPI  encodes the top level label and the VCI the next higher label.
>
>I think it was in atm-mpls-00, but I don't have that version anymore.
>In the current atm-mpls-02 this encoding not mentioned.
>
>Is this a valid way to encode labels over ATM ?
>
>
>Thanx.
>



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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp
Cc: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>,
        MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>,
        Norihito Fujita <n-fujita@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp>
Subject: RE: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?
Date: Fri, 7 Apr 2000 09:55:00 -0500
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Dear Atsushi Iwata

Usually, we do not specify limitations that are required attributes of
the design. Numbered links are a required part of the current TE design.

Don


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Atsushi Iwata [mailto:iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp]
> Sent: Thursday, April 06, 2000 9:55 PM
> To: Fedyk, Don [BL60:2001:EXCH]
> Cc: Ashwood-Smith, Peter [CAR:CS57:EXCH]; MPLS mailing list; Norihito
> Fujita
> Subject: RE: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?
> 
> 
> Dear Don Fedyk,
> 
> Thank you for your reponse.
> 
> I understand the target of your draft.
> Could you add any sections which clarify the current 
> limitation of your 
> draft, such as not supporting unnumbered links, or something 
> like that ?
> 
> Regards,
> 
> At 12:56 00/04/06 -0500, Don Fedyk wrote:
> 
> >Dear Atsushi Iwata,
> >
> >The feedback draft is aimed at numbered links only. The cycle is
> >a path is selected from a topology database that is populated by
> >an IGP. Both IGPs use the same format so it does not matter which
> >IGP. The path becomes the ER MPLS LSP.
> >
> >Next the ER LSP is established and our Draft uses CR-LDP to 
> accomplish
> >this. If a link that is not able to support the path is encountered,
> >the bandwidth profile (independent of the IGP for the number link) is
> >added to the failure notification. This information is generated for
> >every link along the traversed section of the path.
> >
> >This information can then be added to the topology database 
> improving its
> >accuracy for all subsequent path requests.
> >
> >A crankback as you describe cannot update the database since it may
> >not have an accurate bandwidth profile. This could happen if you
> >encountered a node that did not support the feedback. So crankback
> >could be the degenerate case of feedback.
> >
> >ER paths can support un-numbered links in some cases. When 
> the path is
> >loose routed, for example, but this is not the constraint based case
> >we were covering in the draft.
> >
> >Don
> >
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------
> Atsushi Iwata
> Assistant Manager
> Network Architecture TG, Networking Research Laboratory
> C&C Media Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation
> 4-1-1 Miyazaki Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan 216-8555
> TEL: +81-44-856-2123 (Direct), Fax: +81-44-856-2230 (Direct)
> NEC-internal TEL: 8-272-3281, NEC-internal FAX: 8-272-3299
> Internet E-mail:     a-iwata@ah.jp.nec.com
> NEC-internal E-mail: iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp
> 
> ** New organization has started since Apr.1, 2000. ***
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Dear Atsushi Iwata</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Usually, we do not specify limitations that are required attributes of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the design. Numbered links are a required part of the current TE design.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Don</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Atsushi Iwata [<A HREF="mailto:iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp">mailto:iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Thursday, April 06, 2000 9:55 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: Fedyk, Don [BL60:2001:EXCH]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: Ashwood-Smith, Peter [CAR:CS57:EXCH]; MPLS mailing list; Norihito</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Fujita</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: RE: Any more comments on draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Dear Don Fedyk,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Thank you for your reponse.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I understand the target of your draft.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Could you add any sections which clarify the current </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; limitation of your </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; draft, such as not supporting unnumbered links, or something </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; like that ?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Regards,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; At 12:56 00/04/06 -0500, Don Fedyk wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;Dear Atsushi Iwata,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;The feedback draft is aimed at numbered links only. The cycle is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;a path is selected from a topology database that is populated by</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;an IGP. Both IGPs use the same format so it does not matter which</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;IGP. The path becomes the ER MPLS LSP.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;Next the ER LSP is established and our Draft uses CR-LDP to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; accomplish</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;this. If a link that is not able to support the path is encountered,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;the bandwidth profile (independent of the IGP for the number link) is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;added to the failure notification. This information is generated for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;every link along the traversed section of the path.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;This information can then be added to the topology database </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; improving its</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;accuracy for all subsequent path requests.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;A crankback as you describe cannot update the database since it may</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;not have an accurate bandwidth profile. This could happen if you</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;encountered a node that did not support the feedback. So crankback</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;could be the degenerate case of feedback.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;ER paths can support un-numbered links in some cases. When </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; the path is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;loose routed, for example, but this is not the constraint based case</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;we were covering in the draft.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;Don</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; ----------------------------------------------------------------</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Atsushi Iwata</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Assistant Manager</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Network Architecture TG, Networking Research Laboratory</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; C&amp;C Media Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; 4-1-1 Miyazaki Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan 216-8555</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; TEL: +81-44-856-2123 (Direct), Fax: +81-44-856-2230 (Direct)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; NEC-internal TEL: 8-272-3281, NEC-internal FAX: 8-272-3299</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Internet E-mail:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; a-iwata@ah.jp.nec.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; NEC-internal E-mail: iwata@ccm.CL.nec.co.jp</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; ** New organization has started since Apr.1, 2000. ***</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr  7 11:08:08 2000
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From: Paul Brittain <PJB@datcon.co.uk>
To: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>, MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: encoding 2 labels in vpi/vci fieds
Date: Fri, 7 Apr 2000 16:06:23 +0100 
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Andi,

I think there was a discussion in an earlier draft on ATM VP-switching
(draft-feldman-mpls-atmvp??) that likened use of VP switching to the use of
a VCI lower label within a VPI top label.  However the MPLS Architecture
doesn't treat VP switching like this any more - it just considers it to be a
means of achieving label merge.

I think the only currently documented way to carry a label stack in ATM is
to put the top-most label in the cell header and carry the lower labels in
shim headers on the packet.

Hope this helps,

Paul. 

-----Original Message-----
From: Abes, Andi [mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com]
Sent: 07 April 2000 15:32
To: MPLS mailing list
Subject: encoding 2 labels in vpi/vci fieds


Hi,

In the back of my mind I have this recolection of reading about this 
possible encoding - 
the VPI  encodes the top level label and the VCI the next higher label.

I think it was in atm-mpls-00, but I don't have that version anymore.
In the current atm-mpls-02 this encoding not mentioned.

Is this a valid way to encode labels over ATM ?


Thanx.



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr  7 13:06:09 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: Higher labels and RSVP
Date: Fri, 7 Apr 2000 13:04:44 -0400 
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Hi again,


thanx to Shahram Davari for giving me the reference -

The MPLS arch allows (section 3.25.2 - bullet 2. SVP Encoding)
to encode 2 labels in the VPI/VCI fields, and states
that this might not always be usable.

So, when allocating a higher label (not a top one),
it could concievably by used in an SVP encoding - 
like in the case of 2 directly connected LSR using 
LCATM interfaces.

In this case, the second label has to be from a per-interface
label pool.

Is this encoding still supported ?
Any of this make sense ?


Can a statement that says that higher level label
are always from the per-platform label space still 
be made ?


Andi.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Abes, Andi [mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 06, 2000 11:33 AM
> To: MPLS mailing list
> Subject: Higher labels and RSVP
> 
> 
> Hi, 
> 
> I'm trying to resolve a question that looked simple at first:
> 
> Is it correct to say that higher level labels can only be 
> drawn from the 
> per-platform label space ?
> 
> At first it seemed natural, and then I even found in my 
> archives discussions
> before the BGP draft was issued that reinforced my conviction:
> 
> since packets labeld with BGP labels can arrive at an LSR 
> over different 
> interfaces, and the route my vary depending on IGP activity,
> at packet reception time - the LSR can not tell by what interface the
> labeled
> packet should have arrived at.
> 
> 
> This is all fine, and sound fine for BGP assigned labels. But...
> When labels are assigned using RSVP the whole label stack 
> is assigned at once - such that it depends on the semantics  -
> is the label stack valid only as a whole ? 
> Can the LSR that received the label binding (with 2+ labels)
> use the higher levels stacked on other top labels ?
> 
> If the former is the case - then per-interface label space 
> can be used.
> if the latter, then only per-platform space can be used.
> 
> To make things interesting, in draft-swallow-rsvp-bypass-label-00 it
> is explicitly assumed that the higher labels can be used with 
> different
> top labels (one for the original tunnel and a different one 
> for the bypass
> tunnel).
> 
> Ok,
> so what say you ?
> 
> 
> Andi.
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 


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From: Babla Babla <babla_76@usa.net>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: CR-LDP
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Hi Everybody,
I have few questions:
1. Is Multipoint-to-point LSPs same as Label Merging?
2. Do CR-LDP support Multipoint-to-point LSPs?
3. RSVP supports Class of Service like Guaranteed Service and Control Load.How
does this is provided through CR-LDP.
4. In traffic parameter TLV, there are 3 fields:
 a. PBS : Peak Burst Size
 b. CBS : Committed Burst Size
 c. EBS : Excess Burst Size    
Whats the relation between these .


____________________________________________________________________
Get free email and a permanent address at http://www.netaddress.com/?N=1


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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Babla Babla <babla_76@usa.net>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: CR-LDP
Date: Fri, 7 Apr 2000 15:47:33 -0500
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Babla

You must be new to the MPLS list!

Please see documents listed below,

Don

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Babla Babla [mailto:babla_76@usa.net]
> Sent: Friday, April 07, 2000 7:52 AM
> To: mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: CR-LDP
> 
> 
> Hi Everybody,
> I have few questions:
> 1. Is Multipoint-to-point LSPs same as Label Merging?

Please refer to: draft-ietf-mpls-arch-06.txt

> 2. Do CR-LDP support Multipoint-to-point LSPs?

No Niether of the Constraint based signaling protocols do.
See: draft-ietf-mpls-cr-ldp-03.txt

> 3. RSVP supports Class of Service like Guaranteed Service and 
> Control Load.How
> does this is provided through CR-LDP.

See :draft-aboulmagd-srvc-def-crldp-00.txt

> 4. In traffic parameter TLV, there are 3 fields:
>  a. PBS : Peak Burst Size
>  b. CBS : Committed Burst Size
>  c. EBS : Excess Burst Size    
> Whats the relation between these .
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Babla</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>You must be new to the MPLS list!</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Please see documents listed below,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Don</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Babla Babla [<A HREF="mailto:babla_76@usa.net">mailto:babla_76@usa.net</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Friday, April 07, 2000 7:52 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: mpls@UU.NET</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: CR-LDP</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Hi Everybody,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I have few questions:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; 1. Is Multipoint-to-point LSPs same as Label Merging?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Please refer to: draft-ietf-mpls-arch-06.txt</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; 2. Do CR-LDP support Multipoint-to-point LSPs?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>No Niether of the Constraint based signaling protocols do.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>See: draft-ietf-mpls-cr-ldp-03.txt</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; 3. RSVP supports Class of Service like Guaranteed Service and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Control Load.How</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; does this is provided through CR-LDP.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>See :draft-aboulmagd-srvc-def-crldp-00.txt</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; 4. In traffic parameter TLV, there are 3 fields:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp; a. PBS : Peak Burst Size</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp; b. CBS : Committed Burst Size</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt;&nbsp; c. EBS : Excess Burst Size&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Whats the relation between these .</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From: Vijay Srinivasan <vsriniva@cosinecom.com>
To: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: LSR MIB last call
Date: Sun, 9 Apr 2000 22:05:58 -0700 
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The LSR MIB last call has closed.  Would the authors please update the draft
based on comments received during the last call and publish a new version
asap?

Thanks,
- Vijay

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>The LSR MIB last call has closed.&nbsp; Would the =
authors please update the draft based on comments received during the =
last call and publish a new version asap?</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>- Vijay</FONT>
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Cc: "'swallow@cisco.com'" <swallow@cisco.com>,
        "'gash@att.com'"
	 <gash@att.com>
Subject: last call for draft-ietf-mpls-crlsp-modify-01.txt                
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The authors of draft-ietf-mpls-crlsp-modify-01.txt have requested that the
draft be progressed to WG last call.  This e-mail serves as a commencement
of last call for this document, ending in two weeks.  Please post your
comments to the list.

Thanks,
- Vijay

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>The authors of draft-ietf-mpls-crlsp-modify-01.txt =
have requested that the draft be progressed to WG last call.&nbsp; This =
e-mail serves as a commencement of last call for this document, ending =
in two weeks.&nbsp; Please post your comments to the list.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Thanks,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>- Vijay</FONT>
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Date: Mon, 10 Apr 2000 17:27:54 +0900
To: mpls@UU.NET
From: Hiroshi Ohta <ohta.hiroshi@nslab.ntt.co.jp>
Subject: ITU-T SG13 started a Recommendation on IP OAM and protection
  switching
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Hello all,

My name is Hiroshi Ohta, the rapporteur on Q.6 of ITU-T SG13 which is
responsible for OAM and protection switching.  I would like to inform you
that ITU-T Q.6/SG13 started to draft a new Recommendation on OAM and
protection switching for IP-based networks.  It was provisionally numbered
Y.17oam.  Please see the attached initial draft.  I would like to welcome
your contributions to the future meetings.  We are planning to have a
meeting as below:

Date: June 26 - June 30, 2000
Place: Ottawa, Canada
Objectives: The main objective is to progress the work on Y.17oam.  Work on
next release of Recs. I.610 and I.630 will be done if time permits.

If you are interested to attend the meeting, please send me an e-mail
before May 29.

Best regards,

Hiroshi Ohta

-----------------------------------

Draft Recommendation Y.17oam

OAM and protection switching for IP-based networks

(Geneva, 200?)

1	Scope
This Recommendation provides requirements and mechanisms for OAM functions
and protection switching for IP-based networks.  It is recognized that OAM
(Operation and Maintenance) functionality is important in public networks
for ease of network operation, for verifying network performance and to
reduce network operating costs. OAM functionality is especially important
for networks in which Quality of Service is an important issue.

2	References
The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions
which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this
Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were
valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision;
all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate
the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations
and other references listed below. A list of currently valid ITU-T
Recommendations is regularly published.

[References are to be added (contributions are invited).]

3.	Definitions
to be added (contributions are invited)

4.	Symbols and abbreviations
to be added (contributions are invited)

5.	Requirements for OAM functions and protection switching

5.1	General requirements for IP-based networks
for further study (contributions are invited)

5.2	Requirements for MPLS OAM
It is to be noted that MPLS OAM functionality is not seen as a substitute
for physical layer (e.g. SONET/SDH) OAM functionality. However, MPLS layer
OAM functions may nevertheless be seen as desirable in addition to physical
layer OAM: They will be required whenever OAM functionality is needed that
permits differentiation per individual LSP.  OAM functionality is useful
because

-	it allows the Operator to verify whether Quality of Service guarantees
given in SLAs (Service Level Agreements) are in fact being met by the
connection,
-	it allows the Operator to reduce network operating costs. Long term
statistics show that the costs of operating a public network are higher
than the initial installation costs,
-	it allows the Operator to improve traffic flow/distribution through the
network, and
-	it gives support for improved accounting/billing procedures.

The following is a preliminary list of possible requirements.

1.	in-service verification of connection availability (whether a connection
is "up" or "down") and error performance (counting of lost frames)

2.	in-service verification of delay and delay variation

3.	in-service verification of connection throughput guarantees.

4.	tools for fast and efficient fault detection and fault localization 

5.	tools for efficient network setup and configuration.

6.	Traffic Engineering functionality for load-dependent route selection of
traffic.

7.	measurement of throughput per connection for throughput based billing

8.	detection of violations to a SLA traffic contract that can be given
consideration for billing.

5.3	Requirements for MPLS protection switching
Protection switching for MPLS is useful because it allows the operator to
improve network 
reliability.  Details are for further study (contributions are invited).

6	Mechanisms of OAM functions and protection switching

6.1	General mechanisms for IP-based networks
For further study (contributions are invited).

6.2	Mechanisms of MPLS OAM
Examples of MPLS OAM functionalities are the followings:
-	Fault management and continuity check
-	Loopbacks
-	Performance monitoring

These examples are oriented towards OAM functions defined for ATM networks.
 Note, however, that in defining OAM functions for MPLS networks, the
intention is not necessarily to reapply ATM mechanisms without
modifications.  Different functions may be defined as necessary.

An OAM indicator in the MPLS header could enable a simple differentiation
between user packets and OAM packets in equipment supporting MPLS. Further
study is required to clarify the need for such an OAM indicator and to
identify a suitable encoding.

6.3	Mechanisms of MPLS protection switching
For further study (contributions are invited).

---------- end of draft Y.17oam -----------


Hiroshi OHTA
NTT Network Service Systems Laboratories
Tel: +81 468 59 8840
Fax: +81 468 59 8569
E-mail: ohta.hiroshi@nslab.ntt.co.jp


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Multiprotocol Label Switching Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Applicability Statement for Extensions to RSVP for 
                          LSP-Tunnels
	Author(s)	: D. Awduche, A. Hannan, X. Xiao
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 06-Apr-00
	
This memo discusses the applicability of 'Extensions to RSVP for LSP
Tunnels' [1]. It highlights the protocol's principles of operation
and describes the network context for which it was designed.
Guidelines for deployment are offered and known protocol limitations
are indicated. This document is intended to accompany the submission
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 10 08:01:08 2000
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From: "Manish R. Shah." <manishs@future.futsoft.com>
Reply-To: "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>
To: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: Query !!!
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 2000 17:27:31 +0530
Organization: future software
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I am having a few queries !!

1> How is a Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) created?
2> What are the factors which decide a FEC?
3> what is the difference between Address prefix FEC and a Host Address FEC ?

Kindly reply at the earliest !!!

Regds

Manish.


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 10 08:15:17 2000
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Date: Mon, 10 Apr 2000 07:53:10 -0400
To: Vijay Srinivasan <vsriniva@cosinecom.com>, "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: LSR MIB last call
Cc: cheenu@tachion.com, arun Viswanathan <arun@force10networks.com>
In-Reply-To: <EDB1679FDCE4D31196840090279A291107089B@exchsrv1.cosinecom.
 com>
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--=====================_259803834==_.ALT
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         Hi Vijay,

         We are nearly complete with all of the changes and
will have a version published by this Friday (April, 14).

         --Tom


>The LSR MIB last call has closed.  Would the authors please update the 
>draft based on comments received during the last call and publish a new 
>version asap?
>
>Thanks,
>- Vijay

--=====================_259803834==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Hi
Vijay,<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>We are
nearly complete with all of the changes and<br>
will have a version published by this Friday (April, 14).<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>--Tom<br>
<br>
<br>
<font size=2><blockquote type=cite cite>The LSR MIB last call has
closed.&nbsp; Would the authors please update the draft based on comments
received during the last call and publish a new version asap?<br>
</font><br>
Thanks, <br>
<font size=2>- Vijay</font> </blockquote></html>

--=====================_259803834==_.ALT--




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Does anyone have an archived copy of this?

Thanks

Bora





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 10 19:41:07 2000
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Date: Mon, 10 Apr 2000 19:40:01 -0400
From: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET, Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: draft-hsmit-mpls-igp-spf-01...  archived copy
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Not sure there's an -01- version of this draft...

The original draft (draft-hsmit-mpls-igp-spf-00.txt) 
is available from:

  http://ftp.uni-bremen.de/pub/doc/internet-drafts/

Cheers,
/Dan

On Fri, Apr 07, 2000 at 01:55:20PM -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:
> Does anyone have an archived copy of this?
> 
> Thanks
> 
> Bora
> 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 11 09:04:32 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.txt
Date: Mon, 10 Apr 2000 15:05:04 -0400
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The last paragraph on Page 3: 

...  To be definite, in the original RSVP protocol [3], a session 
was defined as a data flow with a particular destination and 
transport layer protocol.  In the RSVP-TE specification, however, a 
session is implicitly defined as the set of packets that are assigned 
the same MPLS label value at the originating node of an LSP-tunnel. 
 

I believe there is an issue with the RSVP-TE session definition in the above
statement.  To my reading, nowhere the RSVP-TE draft  implies that a set of
packets have to be assigned the same MPLS label at the originating node in
order to constitute a session. (If my reading is incorrect, then I've an
issue with the RSVP-TE spec.) Moreover, Section 2.5 (Rerouting LSP Tunnels)
of the RSVP-TE specification seems to clearly imply that multiple LSPs can
belong to a single session. Another example where multiple LSPs belonging to
the same RSVP session can originate at the same note is a load sharing
multipath tunnel between ingress and egress LSRs.  In summary, this at the
first glance an insignificant matter has significant implementation
implications. 
 
---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
Dimitry Haskin 
Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems 
 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 11 11:36:39 2000
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From: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>
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Dimitry Haskin wrote:
> 
> The last paragraph on Page 3:
> 
> ...  To be definite, in the original RSVP protocol [3], a session
> was defined as a data flow with a particular destination and
> transport layer protocol.  In the RSVP-TE specification, however, a
> session is implicitly defined as the set of packets that are assigned
> the same MPLS label value at the originating node of an LSP-tunnel.
> 
> 
> I believe there is an issue with the RSVP-TE session definition in the
> above statement.  To my reading, nowhere the RSVP-TE draft  implies
> that a set of packets have to be assigned the same MPLS label at the
> originating node in order to constitute a session. (If my reading is
> incorrect, then I've an issue with the RSVP-TE spec.) Moreover,
> Section 2.5 (Rerouting LSP Tunnels) of the RSVP-TE specification seems
> to clearly imply that multiple LSPs can belong to a single session.
> Another example where multiple LSPs belonging to the same RSVP session
> can originate at the same note is a load sharing multipath tunnel
> between ingress and egress LSRs.  In summary, this at the first glance
> an insignificant matter has significant implementation implications.

I think you may have found a bug in this draft.

Under RSVP, whether MPLS or not, a session is defined as the set of
paths that share a common destination.  The difference is that with
MPLS, a destination is defined as the tunnel endpoint address, tunnel ID
and extended tunnel ID.  (Instead of the destination address, protocol
and port of non-MPLS RSVP.)

This is explicitly spelled out in the new definition of the SESSION
object.  See draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05.txt, section 4.6.1.  It
is further spelled out in the reroute rules (section 2.5) - which could
not work if the two tunnels were in different sessions.  The reroute
algorithm depends on the fact that two tunnels (the original and the new
one) will have different labels - otherwise the two tunnels could not
coexist during between the time of the second tunnel's creation and the
first's destruction.

It should further be noted that labels are not assigned until after
reservations are made.  They are propagated in the Resv message. 
Therefore, any definition of session that depends on labels is
meaningless, since sessions are created during Path message processing.

BTW, this bug is also reflected in the
draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05.txt document.  In section 2.1, it
defines "session" and "flow" to be synonymous.  This must be incorrect,
because during the reroute processing, two flows share a common
session.  More accurately, a session is defined as one or more flows to
a common destination (as described by the SESSION object), however,
normal MPLS operation will only have one flow per session, except during
tunnel rerouting.

-- David


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 11 13:57:14 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	xt
Date: Tue, 11 Apr 2000 13:55:24 -0400
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> 
> Dimitry Haskin wrote:
> > 
> > The last paragraph on Page 3:
> > 
> > ...  To be definite, in the original RSVP protocol [3], a session
> > was defined as a data flow with a particular destination and
> > transport layer protocol.  In the RSVP-TE specification, however, a
> > session is implicitly defined as the set of packets that 
> are assigned
> > the same MPLS label value at the originating node of an LSP-tunnel.
> > 
> > 
> > I believe there is an issue with the RSVP-TE session 
> definition in the
> > above statement.  To my reading, nowhere the RSVP-TE draft  implies
> > that a set of packets have to be assigned the same MPLS label at the
> > originating node in order to constitute a session. (If my reading is
> > incorrect, then I've an issue with the RSVP-TE spec.) Moreover,
> > Section 2.5 (Rerouting LSP Tunnels) of the RSVP-TE 
> specification seems
> > to clearly imply that multiple LSPs can belong to a single session.
> > Another example where multiple LSPs belonging to the same 
> RSVP session
> > can originate at the same note is a load sharing multipath tunnel
> > between ingress and egress LSRs.  In summary, this at the 
> first glance
> > an insignificant matter has significant implementation implications.
> 
> I think you may have found a bug in this draft.
> 
> Under RSVP, whether MPLS or not, a session is defined as the set of
> paths that share a common destination.  The difference is that with
> MPLS, a destination is defined as the tunnel endpoint 
> address, tunnel ID
> and extended tunnel ID.  (Instead of the destination address, protocol
> and port of non-MPLS RSVP.)
> 
> This is explicitly spelled out in the new definition of the SESSION
> object.  See draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05.txt, section 
> 4.6.1.  It
> is further spelled out in the reroute rules (section 2.5) - 
> which could
> not work if the two tunnels were in different sessions.  The reroute
> algorithm depends on the fact that two tunnels (the original 
> and the new
> one) will have different labels - otherwise the two tunnels could not
> coexist during between the time of the second tunnel's 
> creation and the
> first's destruction.
> 
> It should further be noted that labels are not assigned until after
> reservations are made.  They are propagated in the Resv message. 
> Therefore, any definition of session that depends on labels is
> meaningless, since sessions are created during Path message 
> processing.
> 
> BTW, this bug is also reflected in the
> draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05.txt document.  In section 2.1, it
> defines "session" and "flow" to be synonymous.  This must be 
> incorrect, because during the reroute processing, two flows share a common
> session.  More accurately, a session is defined as one or more flows to
> a common destination (as described by the SESSION object), however,
> normal MPLS operation will only have one flow per session, 
> except during tunnel rerouting.

As I've mentioned, another important example of such an arrangement is a
session that utilizes multiple MPLS paths for load sharing purposes. Such
paths can merge at some downstream LSR. LSP merging decision is more
straightforward and is in line with the classical RSVP if LSPs that can be
merged are identified with the same session object.

While on the merging topic, I believe the following statement on Page 43 in
RSVP-TE spec is to be revisited:

          0x02  Merging permitted

                This flag permits transit routers to merge this session
                with other RSVP sessions for the purpose of reducing
                resource overhead on downstream transit routers, thereby
                providing better network scalability.


I would think that the intention was to permit merging of LSPs that belong
to the same session as opposed to merging LSPs from different sessions.
I've difficulties to see how merging of sessions is achieved within the RSVP
framework. 

> -- David
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 11 16:12:01 2000
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Message-ID: <01BFA3D0.CEC38B70.Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
To: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Cc: "Ben Mack-Crane (E-mail)" <Ben.Mack-Crane@tellabs.fi>,
        "Chang Huang (E-mail)" <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
        "Ken Owens (E-mail)" <ken.owens@tellabs.com>,
        "Srinivas Makam (E-mail)" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>
Subject: Comments on draft-chang-mpls-path-protection-00.txt
Date: Tue, 11 Apr 2000 16:12:59 -0400
Organization: Tellabs Research Center
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Hello,

After my presentation of the path protection mechanism draft
at the Wednesday session in Adelaide, the Chairs had suggested
that we initiate some discussion on our draft on the mailing list to
obtain feedback from the group.

Also, several people had come to me after the talk, and discussed
various aspects of our solution, or indicated agreement with what we were
proposing. We would therefore like to request comments from the
list on our draft --- suggestions, ideas for extensions, criticisms
etc., so that we can incorporate those in our draft. This will be
very valuable in moving this work forward, and in aligning it with
other recovery work currently being pursued in the WG.

Thanks very much.

-Vishal
*******************************************************
Vishal Sharma, Ph.D.  A small group of determined spirits with an
Research Engineer      unquenchable thirst for their mission can                                 
                                  alter the course of history. --- Gandhi
Tellabs Research Center                     
One Kendall Square      Phone: (617).577.8760
Bldg. 100, Suite 121         Fax: (617).494.0118
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                                              sharmav@acm.org
*******************************************************




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 11 19:17:16 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>, David Charlap
	 <dcharlap@fore.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Tue, 11 Apr 2000 19:15:00 -0400
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Let's clear things a little:

The RSVP-TE session object includes the following:
- Tunnel ID,
- Eggress LSR IP address
- Extended tunnel ID.

The extended tunnel ID can either be 0 or contain the IP address of the
source.

Ok, now what does that mean.
I understand it as such:
A session identifies the "tunnel" that ends at the specified egress. 
This could mean many ingress LSR's if the extended ID is 0, or just
one specific ingress if the extended ID contains its IP address.

This basicaly means that a "session" can have many ingress points which can
share 
resources while traversing the network towards the egress.

In the same spirit as in the original RSVP, although with no support for
explicit
multicast - many senders can send traffic to the same session, and each is
identified
by the "sender_template" - by the IP address of the sender (in oRSVP).
The "deviation" in RSVP-TE is that there could be many senders in one host,
such that it is not enough to denote the ingress IP address, but the LSP ID
is also needed. Each "Sender"
is assigned a label,a "flow_spec" and optionaly an Explicit Route.
The reroute is performed on LSP basis - not Tunnel.


So - 
a session is a COLLECTION of LSP's that are targeted at the same egress
point, that were 
assigned to the same administrativly selected "Tunnel ID"
In order for LSP's to share resources, they have to be assigned to the
same "TunnelID".

I agree that the wording in the applicability draft is somewhat lacking,
but the RSVP-TE draft itself is clear about this - if you dig hard  
looking at the implications of the object formats.

Andi.


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From: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>
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"Abes, Andi" wrote:
> 
> The "deviation" in RSVP-TE is that there could be many senders in one
> host, such that it is not enough to denote the ingress IP address, but
> the LSP ID is also needed. Each "Sender" is assigned a label, a
> "flow_spec" and optionaly an Explicit Route.

You're confusing a few things here, I think.

Each sender (actually, each PHOP node along the path from each sender)
is assigned a label by its NHOP node during Resv processing.

FLOWSPEC objects contain the Qos parameters (could be "best effort" if
the CoS CType is used) and are also signalled from NHOP to PHOP during
Resv processing.

Explicit route objects are signalled from PHOP to NHOP during Path
processing.  They are not assigned to senders, but are generated by
senders.  (Or ingress routers in the MPLS world.)

-- David


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From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
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I have read the draft and have the following comments:


  1. It is unclear how the RNT mechanism with its FIS/FRS timers differs
     from RSVP with TE extensions. Specifically, the timers and the RNT
     mechanism resemble RSVP reservations with soft state but with
     inverted logic. This should be explained.
  2. The text does not specify via what mechanism the FIS/FRS packets
     are transmitted? Via UDP/TCP over IP, via the DCC in the SONET
     overhead using ISO CLNS? It would be nice to have some packet
     formats and outlines of transmission routines.
  3. It is pointed in the text that MPLS protection reserves bandwidth
     but the text fails to mention SONET also reserves bandwidth.
     Moreover, in most current IP/MPLS LSRs, unused bandwidth is usually
     used for lower traffic classes.
  4. I found sect. 2.2.1 useful.
  5. Are FIS and FRS defined somewhere?
  6. Timers: There are way too many timers. I do understand that the RNT
     cuts down on the amount of notifications, but on core routers with
     large number of interfaces with large number of LSPs flowing
     through them, 8 timers per RNT is a bit much. This is sort of
     related to the question 1 above too.
  7. It seems to me that there is a lot of state associated with each
     RNT especially when the inverse forking ratio (IFR) is high. It
     would help to clearly specify exactly what state needs to be
     maintained in a list.
  8. In general, people are not concerned with the volume (bw) of
     signaling traffic but the overhead it costs in terms of processing.

In general, I found the draft of some value, but I think the RNT
mechanism should be either separated from the protection procedure or
put in an appendix.

RNT bears striking similarity to RSVP and there are already quite a
number of fields defined in RSVP-TE for the purpose of protection
switching signaling, so can we just add what is needed to RSVP-TE?

The text also omits all discussion of how restoration paths are
computed, what constraints need to be imposed, etc.

There is also a lack of specificity in the text, which I hope will
improve in a subsequent version. Ideally, an Internet draft should lend
itself to being read and then implemented unlike a research paper.

Finally, a question to the audience, how does the proposed scheme
interoperate with vendor proprieatry implementations of protection
switching? Now that the cat is out of the bag, we may want to open up
and agree on a standard.

Thanks

Bora Akyol






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From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
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To: "'akyol@pluris.com'" <akyol@pluris.com>, "mpls@UU.NET" <mpls@UU.NET>
Cc: "Chang Huang (E-mail)" <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
        "Srinivas Makam (E-mail)" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
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Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
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Hi Bora,

Thanks very much for your detailed comments. Some of your questions that can be
answered immediately, we'll answer right away. For others, we'll defer to a bit
later, so that my co-authors and I have a chance to discuss and prepare a respone.

-Vishal

On Tuesday, April 11, 2000 8:53 PM, akyol@pluris.com [SMTP:akyol@pluris.com] wrote:
> I have read the draft and have the following comments:
>
>
>   1. It is unclear how the RNT mechanism with its FIS/FRS timers differs
>      from RSVP with TE extensions. Specifically, the timers and the RNT
>      mechanism resemble RSVP reservations with soft state but with
>      inverted logic. This should be explained.

We want to develop a general algorithm that can be used
by RSVP, CR-LDP or other mechanisms (e.g. layer
2). For the RSVP case, maybe there are some overlaps. But we need to check that.
Our initial reaction is that they are different.
Our algorithm requires each node to send their notifications actively while RSVP
will send error message as a response to refresh message. In other words, our approach may be 
viewed
as a trap while RSVP is a poll. However, we need to check these conclusioins.
Another point is that if the notification is through layer 2, it will be different from the RSVP 
approach.
Therefore,  our approach is more general.

Thus, I am not sure that the RNT mechanism can be folded into RSVP-TE, but
thanks for pointing this out. We will examine this more carefully, and provide
an explanation.

>   2. The text does not specify via what mechanism the FIS/FRS packets
>      are transmitted? Via UDP/TCP over IP, via the DCC in the SONET
>      overhead using ISO CLNS? It would be nice to have some packet
>      formats and outlines of transmission routines.

This is actually explained in Section 2.1 and in Section 3.2 paras 2 and 3 (for the Layer 2 and
hop-by-hop cases, respectively).  Essentially, our initial thought was to have the
FIS/FRS packets be either UDP packets (for the hop-by-hop case) or MPLS labeled
IP packets.

The point on the packet formats, however,  is well taken. We will try to include that in the
sequel. If you have any specific suggestions, please let us have them.

>   3. It is pointed in the text that MPLS protection reserves bandwidth
>      but the text fails to mention SONET also reserves bandwidth.
>      Moreover, in most current IP/MPLS LSRs, unused bandwidth is usually
>      used for lower traffic classes.

I'm a little unclear on why this is important to mention, since we make no assumptions
about how the protection bandwidth is used, and that does not affect the path protection
mechanism per se.  This is a good point though, and we have discussed some of this
in the first paragraph of section 3.3.


>   4. I found sect. 2.2.1 useful.

Thanks!

>   5. Are FIS and FRS defined somewhere?

Actually, these are defined in the MPLS recovery framework draft,
draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00.txt. We see your point though, and we'll repeat the definitions
in our draft for easy reference (like what we've done for the PSL, PML etc.).

>   6. Timers: There are way too many timers. I do understand that the RNT
>      cuts down on the amount of notifications, but on core routers with
>      large number of interfaces with large number of LSPs flowing
>      through them, 8 timers per RNT is a bit much. This is sort of
>      related to the question 1 above too.

Please note that timers for failure detection are on a per-link not a per-LSP basis.
Additionally, the timers for FIS and FRS will not exist simultaneously, this cuts the states in 
half.
Other timers such as the hold-off timer may also be shared on a per-node or per-link basis.
So the timers are not as many as may appear at first. Also,  the
states for the  FIS and FRS are deterministic (time-wise), and they only exist for a fixed
amount of time.

Also, a point to be noted is that we have defined timers that we think are useful.
However, not all timers need to be used in a specific implementation. Many of
these timers may have a default value of zero, if they introduce processing that
a particular LSR cannot handle, or if the network provider feels that they do not
need certain timers.

>   7. It seems to me that there is a lot of state associated with each
>      RNT especially when the inverse forking ratio (IFR) is high. It
>      would help to clearly specify exactly what state needs to be
>      maintained in a list.

We have tried to specify some of this in Section 3.1, and by saying what information
each of PSL, PML and intermediate LSRs need to maintain. However, this is a good
point, and we'll introduce a list with the needed state information in the revision.

Also, note that using a layer 2 approach will be better. And this is not covered in RSVP.

>   8. In general, people are not concerned with the volume (bw) of
>      signaling traffic but the overhead it costs in terms of processing.

Thanks for pointing this out. I think if we address some of the points you raised
earlier, it would be easier to see the amount of processing that might be needed.
We note, however, that any path protection scheme, by its very nature (due to the
need for notification, switchover, etc.), will entail some amount of processing.

> In general, I found the draft of some value, but I think the RNT
> mechanism should be either separated from the protection procedure or
> put in an appendix.

This is a little confusing to me. Essentially, the RNT mechanism is the heart
of the path protection procedure described in the draft. How could we separate
the two?

> RNT bears striking similarity to RSVP and there are already quite a
> number of fields defined in RSVP-TE for the purpose of protection
> switching signaling, so can we just add what is needed to RSVP-TE?

This goes back to my response to Question 1 above. We need to think
about this.

> The text also omits all discussion of how restoration paths are
> computed, what constraints need to be imposed, etc.

This was done on purpose. The goal of the draft is to specify a mechanism
to perform path protection. It is not a goal of this draft to discuss the specific
algorithms that are used to compute paths, incorporate network constraints
etc. First, the protection mechanism itself does not depend at all on how
paths are computed. Second, we expect those to be proprietary, but the
mechanism and its associated signaling to be standardized.

For instance, the alternate path computation may use one of several available choices.
For example, Slosiar and Latin's algorithm that appeared in Infocom'00
A Polynomial-Time Algorithm for the Establishment of Primary and Alternate
Paths in ATM Networks
Rasti Slosiar (Telstra Research Laboratories (now with Swisscom AG)),
David Latin (Telstra Research Laboratories)
http://comnet.technion.ac.il/infocom2000/

> There is also a lack of specificity in the text, which I hope will
> improve in a subsequent version. Ideally, an Internet draft should lend
> itself to being read and then implemented unlike a research paper.

As we receive more comments from the list and try to incorporate them in
subsequent revisions, I'm sure we'll more towards becoming more specific.
Please note, however, that it was not the objective of this draft to specify
particular formats (for instance we haven't specified here signaling extensions
to LDP/CR-LDP or RSVP-TE that would be required to implement this mechanism).
This was partly because the mechanism allows for flexibility in
how certain parts of it are implemented. Nonetheless, I agree that it would
be useful to specify some formats for some of the alternatives to help
implementation.

> Finally, a question to the audience, how does the proposed scheme
> interoperate with vendor proprieatry implementations of protection
> switching? Now that the cat is out of the bag, we may want to open up
> and agree on a standard.

Good one. I guess the audience is the best one to answer that!


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Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
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A few comments:

1.0 - The discussion of the limits of SONET protection I find a bit
contentious. I'd suggest the difference between protection at various layers
is when the degree or style of protection is being used as a product or
class of service differentiator and one is trying to bundle that
differentiation into a specific layer. Otherwise everyone gets the same
treatment that the underlying layer provides.

2.1 - What is an FIS and FRS?

2.1 - I'd like to see a better definition of "PSLs affected by a fault". 

3.1 - discussion of establishing the path suggests that the only properties
required is that the path transit the PML and the PSL. Ideally it transits
nothing in common between those two entities (nodes, fibers, conduits etc.)
if multiple simultaneous failures are to be minimized. An equally
interesting problem is nodal redundancy on the boundaries of protected
domains to protect against catastrophic nodal failure (like an LSR
crashing... or being crashed into ;-).

3.3 - I'm missing somthing in the discussion of bandwidth reuse in the
protection path. Are we discussing linear protection where the only
opportunity for re-use for LSPs which have common routing between the PSL
and the PML?

3.3 - 1:1 is the only protection mode discussed. n+1 is a possibility. and
1+1 may be derided for bandwidth ineffeciency, but it does not require the
establishment of an RNT, simple forward livliness messages are sufficient
for a PML to select an appropriate source. At some point in the future,
bandwidth for administrative time/simplicity may be a worthwhile tradeoff.
This would suggest common livliness mechanisms are required, and this should
be acknowledged by attempting to encompass the whole problem/solution space.


Ultimately I'm skeptical about the ability to construct parallel mp2p trees
that are usefully diverse and for which the backup is remotely near optimal
due to the constraint of having common PSLs and PML. The apparent
requirement to have both working and protection paths converge on the PML
seems artificial and unnecessary (if I am understanding this correctly???).
All a PSL needs to know is that a path has failed, and have a viable
alternative to switch to. For that RNT may be a viable solution, but simply
each protected mp2p LSP has an RNT associated with it so the PSL can make
reasonable and timely decisions and there may be no topological entities in
common between the working path and the protection path (other than the
egress node from the network). Realistically the useful functionality of an
RNT can be distributed across all intermediate LSRs and the concept of an
PML should be capped as simply an administrative concept defining a point
past which an RNT will not propagate (for whatever reason).

cheers
Dave



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<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
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<TITLE>RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments</TITLE>
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<BODY>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">A few =
comments:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">1.0 - The discussion =
of the limits of SONET protection I find a bit contentious. I'd suggest =
the difference between protection at various layers is when the degree =
or style of protection is being used as a product or class of service =
differentiator and one is trying to bundle that differentiation into a =
specific layer. Otherwise everyone gets the same treatment that the =
underlying layer provides.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">2.1 - What is an FIS =
and FRS?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">2.1 - I'd like to =
see a better definition of &quot;PSLs affected by a fault&quot;. =
</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">3.1 - discussion of =
establishing the path suggests that the only properties required is =
that the path transit the PML and the PSL. Ideally it transits nothing =
in common between those two entities (nodes, fibers, conduits etc.) if =
multiple simultaneous failures are to be minimized. An equally =
interesting problem is nodal redundancy on the boundaries of protected =
domains to protect against catastrophic nodal failure (like an LSR =
crashing... or being crashed into ;-).</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">3.3 - I'm missing =
somthing in the discussion of bandwidth reuse in the protection path. =
Are we discussing linear protection where the only opportunity for =
re-use for LSPs which have common routing between the PSL and the =
PML?</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">3.3 - 1:1 is the =
only protection mode discussed. n+1 is a possibility. and 1+1 may be =
derided for bandwidth ineffeciency, but it does not require the =
establishment of an RNT, simple forward livliness messages are =
sufficient for a PML to select an appropriate source. At some point in =
the future, bandwidth for administrative time/simplicity may be a =
worthwhile tradeoff. This would suggest common livliness mechanisms are =
required, and this should be acknowledged by attempting to encompass =
the whole problem/solution space.</FONT></P>
<BR>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Ultimately I'm =
skeptical about the ability to construct parallel mp2p trees that are =
usefully diverse and for which the backup is remotely near optimal due =
to the constraint of having common PSLs and PML. The apparent =
requirement to have both working and protection paths converge on the =
PML seems artificial and unnecessary (if I am understanding this =
correctly???). All a PSL needs to know is that a path has failed, and =
have a viable alternative to switch to. For that RNT may be a viable =
solution, but simply each protected mp2p LSP has an RNT associated with =
it so the PSL can make reasonable and timely decisions and there may be =
no topological entities in common between the working path and the =
protection path (other than the egress node from the network). =
Realistically the useful functionality of an RNT can be distributed =
across all intermediate LSRs and the concept of an PML should be capped =
as simply an administrative concept defining a point past which an RNT =
will not propagate (for whatever reason).</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">cheers</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 12 18:34:26 2000
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To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: draft-ietf-mpls-te-mib-03.txt IMPORTS nitpick
Date: Wed, 12 Apr 2000 18:31:47 -0400
From: Daniel McRobb <dwm@caida.org>
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DisplayString should be imported from SNMPv2-TC since it's used as the
syntax for mplsTunnelName and mplsTunnelDescr.

Daniel
~~~~~~


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 12 20:27:03 2000
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Date: Wed, 12 Apr 2000 20:25:53 -0400
To: Daniel McRobb <dwm@caida.org>, mpls@UU.NET
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-mpls-te-mib-03.txt IMPORTS nitpick
Cc: cheenu@tachion.com, arun Viswanathan <arun@force10networks.com>
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         Hi Daniel,

         Yes, you are correct. I caught that (and many other)
error after the MIB was first compiled with SMIC a few
weeks ago. I will be working to correct the compilation
errors and warnings found in the MIB as soon as we have
finished the next version of the LSR MIB, which is planned
to be released this Friday.

         --Tom

>DisplayString should be imported from SNMPv2-TC since it's used as the
>syntax for mplsTunnelName and mplsTunnelDescr.
>
>Daniel
>~~~~~~

--=====================_1137969==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Hi
Daniel,<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Yes, you
are correct. I caught that (and many other)<br>
error after the MIB was first compiled with SMIC a few<br>
weeks ago. I will be working to correct the compilation<br>
errors and warnings found in the MIB as soon as we have<br>
finished the next version of the LSR MIB, which is planned<br>
to be released this Friday.<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>--Tom<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>DisplayString should be imported from
SNMPv2-TC since it's used as the<br>
syntax for mplsTunnelName and mplsTunnelDescr.<br>
<br>
Daniel<br>
~~~~~~~<br>
</blockquote></html>

--=====================_1137969==_.ALT--




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Message-ID: <38F56B4C.D51BF25E@ind.alcatel.com>
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 12:08:04 +0530
From: Prosenjit Pal <ppal@ind.alcatel.com>
Organization: Alcatel Internetworking Pvt. Ltd.
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To: mpls <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: MIB for enabling MPLS options in BGP
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Hello all,

    Can anybody give me a pointer on following :

1. MIB for configuring BGP with Route reflection and/or Multi-protocol
extension
2. MIB for MPLS-enhanced BGP (carrying labels in BGP UPDATE message)

With regards,
Prosenjit Pal

--
Prosenjit Pal
Alcatel Internetworking Pvt. Ltd.

voice : +91-80-5097607/8 Extn. 218 (O)
        +91-80-5211891  (R)
fax   : +91-80-5097609
email : ppal@ind.alcatel.com (O)
        prosenjitp@yahoo.com (P)


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 02:53:17 2000
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From: "ashish" <ashish@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>
To: <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: cr-ldp
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 12:17:25 +0530
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Hi Everybody,
I have few queries regarding CR-LDP draft : draft-ietf-mpls-crldp-03.txt =
.
1. In traffic parameter TLV, there are 3 fields:=20
  a. PBS : Peak Burst Size=20
  b. CBS : Committed Burst Size=20
  c. EBS : Excess Burst Size   =20
 Whats the relation between these .=20

2. In Resource Class TLV, its said there are 32 administrative groups or =
colors of Resources.=20
Is there any document or draft explaining these Resource Classes.
I have checked=20
a)cr-ldp draft and=20
b)RFC -2702 - requirements for Traffic Enggineering over MPLS.
But there is not much detail regarding Resource Classes and how =
Resources are classified into 32 Resource Classes.
Are these Resource Classes Implementation Dependent or there are some =
standards for these.
Please Clarify
Cheers
ashish


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<STYLE></STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Hi Everybody,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I have few queries regarding CR-LDP =
draft :=20
draft-ietf-mpls-crldp-03.txt .</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>1.</FONT><FONT face=3DArial =
size=3D2>&nbsp;In traffic=20
parameter TLV, there are 3 fields:&nbsp;<BR><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp; a. PBS =
: Peak=20
Burst Size</FONT>&nbsp;<BR><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp; b. CBS : Committed =
Burst=20
Size</FONT>&nbsp;<BR><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp; c. EBS : Excess Burst=20
Size&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT size=3D2></FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><FONT size=3D2>&nbsp;Whats the relation =
between these=20
.</FONT> </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>2. In Resource Class TLV, its said =
there are 32=20
administrative groups or colors of Resources. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Is there any document or draft =
explaining these=20
Resource Classes.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>I have checked </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>a)cr-ldp draft and </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>b)RFC -2702 - requirements for Traffic =
Enggineering=20
over MPLS.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>But there is not much detail regarding =
Resource=20
Classes and how Resources are classified into 32 Resource =
Classes.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Are these Resource Classes =
Implementation Dependent=20
or there are some standards for these.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Please Clarify</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Cheers</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>ashish<BR></DIV></FONT></BODY></HTML>

------=_NextPart_000_0114_01BFA542.3C0246F0--



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To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: LSR and/or IP router ?
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 16:19:17 +0200
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Hello, 

I have a few questions about IP routing capability of  LSRs : 
1 - Does a core LSR is able to achieve classic IP routing and is there a
special label to mean that the MPLS packet is to be considered as an IP
packet ?

2 - If not, how LDP (relying on TCP) messages (LABEL_REQUEST and
LABEL_MAPPING) can be adressed to a core LSR without a label ?

Thanks,

Nicolas.
> **************************************************************************
> ****
> Nicolas ENDERLE
> Bouygues Telecom - R & D
> Engineer at the Research and Developpement Center
> Tél :	+33 1 39 45 38 67
> 	+33 6 61 31 38 67    email : nenderle@bouyguestelecom.fr
> Fax :	+33 1 39 26 86 13
> **************************************************************************
> ****
> 


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Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 11:55:59 +0530
From: Prosenjit Pal <ppal@ind.alcatel.com>
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Hello all,

    Can anybody give me a pointer on following :

1. MIB for configuring BGP with Route reflection and/or Multi-protocol
extension
2. MIB for MPLS-enhanced BGP (carrying labels in BGP UPDATE message)

With regards,
Prosenjit Pal

--
Prosenjit Pal
Alcatel Internetworking Pvt. Ltd.

voice : +91-80-5097607/8 Extn. 218 (O)
        +91-80-5211891  (R)
fax   : +91-80-5097609
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        prosenjitp@yahoo.com (P)






From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 12:48:39 2000
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Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 11:46:43 -0500
From: Changcheng Huang <changcheng.huang@tellabs.com>
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CC: mpls@UU.NET, Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>,
        Srinivas Makam <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        Ken Owens <Ken.Owens@tellabs.com>
Subject: Re: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
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Hi Bora,

Thank you for your comments. One particular question you have raised is
about using RSVP-TE to support the mechanism defined in this draft. This is
a very good question. We have been working on both RSVP and CR-LDP
extensions for a while. Currently we see the following problems with
RSVP-TE:

1. There are no objects defined in RSVP-TE to identify PSL, PML and a
protected path;

2. No mechanism has been provided in RSVP-TE to setup a p2mp LSP for RNT if
one carrier choose to use MPLS forwarding rather than hop-by-hop. Currently
we are thinking to use the RESV message for the request and Confirmation
message for the actual label allocation;

3. There is no notification mechanism defined in RSVP-TE to support FIS or
FRS. Currently we are thinking to use PathErr message for this purpose. It
requires changing the behavior of a RSVP node.

Therefore we are actually thinking an extension to RSVP-TE to support the
features defined in this contribution. We would like to listen to your
comments and comments from the community on this direction.

Thanks,

Chang

--
Changcheng Huang, Ph.D.
Tellabs
4951 Indiana Avenue, MS 64
Lisle, IL 60532
Tel: (630) 512-7954
Fax: (630) 512-8037


akyol@pluris.com wrote:

> I have read the draft and have the following comments:
>
>   1. It is unclear how the RNT mechanism with its FIS/FRS timers differs
>      from RSVP with TE extensions. Specifically, the timers and the RNT
>      mechanism resemble RSVP reservations with soft state but with
>      inverted logic. This should be explained.
>   2. The text does not specify via what mechanism the FIS/FRS packets
>      are transmitted? Via UDP/TCP over IP, via the DCC in the SONET
>      overhead using ISO CLNS? It would be nice to have some packet
>      formats and outlines of transmission routines.
>   3. It is pointed in the text that MPLS protection reserves bandwidth
>      but the text fails to mention SONET also reserves bandwidth.
>      Moreover, in most current IP/MPLS LSRs, unused bandwidth is usually
>      used for lower traffic classes.
>   4. I found sect. 2.2.1 useful.
>   5. Are FIS and FRS defined somewhere?
>   6. Timers: There are way too many timers. I do understand that the RNT
>      cuts down on the amount of notifications, but on core routers with
>      large number of interfaces with large number of LSPs flowing
>      through them, 8 timers per RNT is a bit much. This is sort of
>      related to the question 1 above too.
>   7. It seems to me that there is a lot of state associated with each
>      RNT especially when the inverse forking ratio (IFR) is high. It
>      would help to clearly specify exactly what state needs to be
>      maintained in a list.
>   8. In general, people are not concerned with the volume (bw) of
>      signaling traffic but the overhead it costs in terms of processing.
>
> In general, I found the draft of some value, but I think the RNT
> mechanism should be either separated from the protection procedure or
> put in an appendix.
>
> RNT bears striking similarity to RSVP and there are already quite a
> number of fields defined in RSVP-TE for the purpose of protection
> switching signaling, so can we just add what is needed to RSVP-TE?
>
> The text also omits all discussion of how restoration paths are
> computed, what constraints need to be imposed, etc.
>
> There is also a lack of specificity in the text, which I hope will
> improve in a subsequent version. Ideally, an Internet draft should lend
> itself to being read and then implemented unlike a research paper.
>
> Finally, a question to the audience, how does the proposed scheme
> interoperate with vendor proprieatry implementations of protection
> switching? Now that the cat is out of the bag, we may want to open up
> and agree on a standard.
>
> Thanks
>
> Bora Akyol





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From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
To: "'dallan@nortelnetworks.com'" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "akyol@pluris.com" <akyol@pluris.com>, "mpls@UU.NET" <mpls@UU.NET>
Cc: "Srinivas Makam (E-mail)" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "Chang Huang (E-mail)" <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
        "Ken Owens (E-mail)" <ken.owens@tellabs.com>
Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 13:28:07 -0400
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Dave,

Thanks for your comments and observations. Please see our responses below.

-Vishal

On Wednesday, April 12, 2000 1:15 PM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com] 
wrote:
> A few comments:
>
> 1.0 - The discussion of the limits of SONET protection I find a bit
> contentious. I'd suggest the difference between protection at various layers
> is when the degree or style of protection is being used as a product or
> class of service differentiator and one is trying to bundle that
> differentiation into a specific layer. Otherwise everyone gets the same
> treatment that the underlying layer provides.

We are a little unclear on exactly which portion of 1.0 you are objecting to.
We feel that we tried to say things similar to what you say above.

> 2.1 - What is an FIS and FRS?

Failure Information Signal and Failure Recovery Signal (defined in 
draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00.txt).
Same comment as to Bora, we'll include definitions in our draft in the next revision.


> 2.1 - I'd like to see a better definition of "PSLs affected by a fault".

Essentially, it means those PSLs that have LSPs going through the faulty link or node. When
we have merged working paths, a fault on a particular branch of the mp-p tree may affect
only a subset of all PSLs whose traffic is being merged on that tree. We'll make this more
precise in the revision.


> 3.1 - discussion of establishing the path suggests that the only properties
> required is that the path transit the PML and the PSL. Ideally it transits
> nothing in common between those two entities (nodes, fibers, conduits etc.)
> if multiple simultaneous failures are to be minimized.

That is correct. We could add that to the text.

> An equally
> interesting problem is nodal redundancy on the boundaries of protected
> domains to protect against catastrophic nodal failure (like an LSR
> crashing... or being crashed into ;-).

Yes, but not one we are trying to solve or address in this draft. We recognize
in our draft that the PSL and PML can be points of failure.


> 3.3 - I'm missing somthing in the discussion of bandwidth reuse in the
> protection path. Are we discussing linear protection where the only
> opportunity for re-use for LSPs which have common routing between the PSL
> and the PML?

Actually, I think we implicitly assumed this. However, as you point out,
this assumption isn't necessary. We will make this clearer in the revision.

> 3.3 - 1:1 is the only protection mode discussed. n+1 is a possibility. and
> 1+1 may be derided for bandwidth ineffeciency, but it does not require the
> establishment of an RNT, simple forward livliness messages are sufficient
> for a PML to select an appropriate source.

1+1 was not covered in our draft, for several reasons:
(i) In the 1+1 case, what is the criterion a PML uses to select the traffic from
a particular path? Does it make a decision on a packet-by-packet case? How?
How does that work if the paths have quite different delays.
(ii) 1+1 also introduces complications because 1+1 does not easily allow for merging
of working paths (which is the main case we address in our draft).
Also, if one does allow for merging of working paths *and* tries to
do 1+1 protection, the situation gets fairly complicated.
For example, consider the figure in our draft, and assume that the paths 1-2-3-4-6-7
and 8-9-3-4-6-7, are both 1+1 protected. Node 7 now has to select between traffic
coming on link 6-7 or that coming on links 5-7 *and* 10-7. Moreover, a fault on
link 2-3, which affects only the first path, will require 7 to switch to selecting traffic
from the backup paths impinging on it via link 5-7 and via link 6-7.

It appears that the simplest way to implement 1+1 protection is to not allow any traffic
using 1+1 protection to merge with any other traffic.

BTW, even assuming that one does 1+1 protection as described above, the liveness message
alone will not be enough to inform the PML, since it is a hop-by-hop mechanism. If a fault
occurs more than one link away from the PML, you need another message to let the
PML know about that.
What we will need in that case is a FIS that propagates in the upstream direction.

I assume you mean 1:n (1 for n) in the message above. Yes, that can certainly be done.
Again, that pertains to how the path selection algorithm does its job (of course signaling
support to indicate 1:n protection is also needed).

> At some point in the future,
> bandwidth for administrative time/simplicity may be a worthwhile tradeoff.
> This would suggest common livliness mechanisms are required, and this should
> be acknowledged by attempting to encompass the whole problem/solution space.

We could still try to formulate requirements for the 1+1 case, and see if a common
FIS mechanism can be propsed.

> Ultimately I'm skeptical about the ability to construct parallel mp2p trees
> that are usefully diverse and for which the backup is remotely near optimal
> due to the constraint of having common PSLs and PML.

There is no "requirement" to construct mp2p trees. Rather, it is a natural outcome
of the desire or need to merge working traffic. The backup paths may form
a tree or they may not. And of course, some intelligence needs to calculate
them in accordance with appropriate constraints.

> The apparent
> requirement to have both working and protection paths converge on the PML
> seems artificial and unnecessary (if I am understanding this correctly???).

Again, this is not a requirement, but rather an outcome of where the working
and protection paths are desired to be merged (selected by the algorithm that
selects these paths). The PML is whatever LSR these paths (for a given
working path) merge at. Thus, the working and protection paths naturally
converge on the PML, by definition, not by any artificial requirement.

Also, there could be different PMLs for different working paths (even if these
paths merge), and for a particular LSPs, their PMLs could be the egress LSRs
for those LSPs.

> All a PSL needs to know is that a path has failed, and have a viable
> alternative to switch to. For that RNT may be a viable solution, but simply
> each protected mp2p LSP has an RNT associated with it so the PSL can make
> reasonable and timely decisions and there may be no topological entities in
> common between the working path and the protection path (other than the
> egress node from the network).

Correct. See response above.

> Realistically the useful functionality of an
> RNT can be distributed across all intermediate LSRs and the concept of an
> PML should be capped as simply an administrative concept defining a point
> past which an RNT will not propagate (for whatever reason).

Indeed that is what it pretty much is. Except that a PML is the LSR at which
a working and protection path merge, and not an administrative concept
beyond which an RNT will not propagate, since you can have multiple PMLs
on the same RNT. (There needs to be a slight correction in our draft, because
we say the PML sources the RNT. We need to clarify, that the last PML
on a merged working path is the one that sources the RNT.)




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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	xt
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 13:24:37 -0400
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David,


The following are quoted from rsvp-tunnel-05, sections 3.1 and 3.2
It's the description of the Path and RESV messages -
the parts that apply to sender specification.
Both messages contain a session object as well (qouted from 4.6.1)

(4.6.1)
LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 Session Object

      Class = SESSION, LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 C-Type = 7

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                   IPv4 tunnel end point address               |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |  MUST be zero                 |      Tunnel ID                |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                       Extended Tunnel ID                      |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


(4.6.2.1. LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 Sender Template Object)

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                   IPv4 tunnel sender address                  |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |  MUST be zero                 |            LSP ID             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

(3.1 - path message)
      <sender descriptor> ::=  <SENDER_TEMPLATE> <SENDER_TSPEC>
                               [ <ADSPEC> ]
                               [ <RECORD_ROUTE> ]
(3.2 - resv message)

      <FF flow descriptor list> ::= <FF flow descriptor>
                               | <FF flow descriptor list> <FF flow
descriptor>

      <FF flow descriptor> ::= [ <FLOWSPEC> ] <FILTER_SPEC> <LABEL>
                               [ <RECORD_ROUTE> ]

      <SE flow descriptor> ::= <FLOWSPEC> <SE filter spec list>

      <SE filter spec list> ::= <SE filter spec>
                               | <SE filter spec list> <SE filter spec>

      <SE filter spec> ::=     <FILTER_SPEC> <LABEL> [ <RECORD_ROUTE> ]


So what does this mean:

In a path message, an LSP is identified by:
  a. the session it belongs to - 
	IPv4 egress address + tunnel ID + extendend TunnelID.
  b. A sender template - 
	the ingress address + LSP ID (unique for the sender).

In a reserve message an LSP is identified by:
  a. The session - same as path.
  b. the filter spec, which is exactly the same as the sender_template


So back to the original questions and issues:

1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need 
   to share the same egress point and tunnel ID. 
   If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP address, only
   LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever belong to the
   same session.

2. For multiple LSP's to share resources, they need to:
   a. belong to the same session (see above)
   b. The egress router needs to assign SE style to the session.



Do you agree with the statements above ?
In light of these statements, do you still believe there 
is a bug in the rsvp-tunnel draft ?


Andi.




> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Charlap [mailto:dcharlap@fore.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 11, 2000 7:47 PM
> To: mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: Re: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.txt
> 
> 
> "Abes, Andi" wrote:
> > 
> > The "deviation" in RSVP-TE is that there could be many 
> senders in one
> > host, such that it is not enough to denote the ingress IP 
> address, but
> > the LSP ID is also needed. Each "Sender" is assigned a label, a
> > "flow_spec" and optionaly an Explicit Route.
> 
> You're confusing a few things here, I think.
> 
> Each sender (actually, each PHOP node along the path from each sender)
> is assigned a label by its NHOP node during Resv processing.
> 
> FLOWSPEC objects contain the Qos parameters (could be "best effort" if
> the CoS CType is used) and are also signalled from NHOP to PHOP during
> Resv processing.
> 
> Explicit route objects are signalled from PHOP to NHOP during Path
> processing.  They are not assigned to senders, but are generated by
> senders.  (Or ingress routers in the MPLS world.)
> 
> -- David
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 13:49:08 2000
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Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 13:35:34 -0400
From: "James R. Leu" <jleu@laurelnetworks.com>
To: NENDERLE@bouyguestelecom.fr
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: LSR and/or IP router ?
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On Thu, Apr 13, 2000 at 04:19:17PM +0200, NENDERLE@bouyguestelecom.fr wrote:
> Hello, 
> 
> I have a few questions about IP routing capability of  LSRs : 
> 1 - Does a core LSR is able to achieve classic IP routing and is there a
> special label to mean that the MPLS packet is to be considered as an IP
> packet ?

Yes and no :-)

If your planning on running RSVP-TE the LSR will need to have some form of
IP forwarding (and Router Alert Bit procesing) while with (CR)LDP the LSR
only needs to be able to create and terminate TCP sessions.  The LDP protocol
terminates and possible re-originates every LDP message.

A good place to start understanding this differnce it to look at the source
and destination addresses in the PDUs of the differnt MPLS signaling protocol.
In RSVP the destination address is the address of the LER that will terminate
the LSP.  In LDP the destination address is one of the interfaces on the
directly connected peer.

I hope this helps.
-- 
James R. Leu            |    Laurel Networks
Software Engineer       | Switching Systems for the
jleu@laurelnetworks.com |    Optical Internet 


> 
> 2 - If not, how LDP (relying on TCP) messages (LABEL_REQUEST and
> LABEL_MAPPING) can be adressed to a core LSR without a label ?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Nicolas.
> > **************************************************************************
> > ****
> > Nicolas ENDERLE
> > Bouygues Telecom - R & D
> > Engineer at the Research and Developpement Center
> > Tél :	+33 1 39 45 38 67
> > 	+33 6 61 31 38 67    email : nenderle@bouyguestelecom.fr
> > Fax :	+33 1 39 26 86 13
> > **************************************************************************
> > ****
> > 




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From: "David Allan" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com, akyol@pluris.com, mpls@UU.NET
Cc: "Srinivas Makam (E-mail)" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "Chang Huang (E-mail)" <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
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Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 13:15:21 -0500
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Vishal:

	Embedded comments...

	<snip>



> > Ultimately I'm skeptical about the ability to construct parallel mp2p
> trees
> > that are usefully diverse and for which the backup is remotely near
> optimal
> > due to the constraint of having common PSLs and PML.
> 
> There is no "requirement" to construct mp2p trees. Rather, it is a natural
> outcome
> of the desire or need to merge working traffic. The backup paths may form
> a tree or they may not. And of course, some intelligence needs to
> calculate
> them in accordance with appropriate constraints.
> 
	One of my concerns is that if backup paths do not form trees, then
we have a big scalability hit, we have order (n+1)**2 meshing for
protection. Order 'n' for working, order n**2 for protection. So much for
the "ounce of prevention..." maxim ;-).

> > The apparent
> > requirement to have both working and protection paths converge on the
> PML
> > seems artificial and unnecessary (if I am understanding this
> correctly???).
> 
> Again, this is not a requirement, but rather an outcome of where the
> working
> and protection paths are desired to be merged (selected by the algorithm
> that
> selects these paths). The PML is whatever LSR these paths (for a given
> working path) merge at. Thus, the working and protection paths naturally
> converge on the PML, by definition, not by any artificial requirement.
> 
> Also, there could be different PMLs for different working paths (even if
> these
> paths merge), and for a particular LSPs, their PMLs could be the egress
> LSRs
> for those LSPs.
> 
	In some ways it is an artificial requirement. The existence of a PML
suggests that there is by definition only one egress point from:
		- an MPLS domain OR
		- a protected domain
	where in reality there may be multiple points of attachments between
domains (and in fact is DESIRABLE to have multiple points of attachment),
and the contruction of LSPs for the working and protection paths may end up
with diverse egress points once the need for true path diversity is factored
in. At some point in the network, packets for a particular destination
originating from working and protected paths in the protected domain MAY
merge, but it is not necessary that this happen within the protected domain,
nor is it a requirement that it happen at the granularity of the FEC. The
only scenario whereby I can imagine a common PML for both working and
protection is where the FEC is for a stub network (single point of
attachment). If the PML is somthing which only exists occasionally, it is
confusing to explicitly identify it.

	The reality is that what is proposed is that the PSL has a plurality
of paths (typically 2) for which one is a primary and one or more is a
backup. The RNT failure notification mechanism is unique for each path. The
root of an RNT is either the root node of the specific LSP at the edge of
the MPLS domain, or administratively constrained as being some intermediate
node at the edge of a protected domain. It would be rare that a PML occured
at the same node.


> > All a PSL needs to know is that a path has failed, and have a viable
> > alternative to switch to. For that RNT may be a viable solution, but
> simply
> > each protected mp2p LSP has an RNT associated with it so the PSL can
> make
> > reasonable and timely decisions and there may be no topological entities
> in
> > common between the working path and the protection path (other than the
> > egress node from the network).
> 
> Correct. See response above.
> 
> > Realistically the useful functionality of an
> > RNT can be distributed across all intermediate LSRs and the concept of
> an
> > PML should be capped as simply an administrative concept defining a
> point
> > past which an RNT will not propagate (for whatever reason).
> 
> Indeed that is what it pretty much is. Except that a PML is the LSR at
> which
> a working and protection path merge, and not an administrative concept
> beyond which an RNT will not propagate, since you can have multiple PMLs
> on the same RNT. (There needs to be a slight correction in our draft,
> because
> we say the PML sources the RNT. We need to clarify, that the last PML
> on a merged working path is the one that sources the RNT.)
> 
	Multiple PMLs on the RNT scares me, as the granularity of repair and
the number of "single points of failure" goes up. This also poses the
interesting question which is are the information flows up the RNT
sufficient to localize the failure. I have to admit that to me, by
definition, an RNT is scoped to providing protection to a single LSP tree
within a single domain. Otherwise the plurality of failure scenarios is
overwhelming.


	In general I still see no reason for the RNT root to also be a PML.
I just don't see the PML as an explicit entity that is tied to the
granularity of the FEC, nor explicitly localized at the egress point of the
protected domain. It is somthing that will happen naturally regardless....

	regards
	Dave

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<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Vishal:</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Embedded =
comments...</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Ultimately I'm skeptical about =
the ability to construct parallel mp2p trees</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; that are usefully diverse and =
for which the backup is remotely near optimal</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; due to the constraint of having =
common PSLs and PML.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">There is no &quot;requirement&quot; to =
construct mp2p trees. Rather, it is a natural outcome</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">of the desire or need to merge =
working traffic. The backup paths may form</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">a tree or they may not. And of =
course, some intelligence needs to calculate</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">them in accordance with appropriate =
constraints.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">One of my concerns =
is that if backup paths do not form trees, then we have a big =
scalability hit, we have order (n+1)**2 meshing for protection. Order =
'n' for working, order n**2 for protection. So much for the &quot;ounce =
of prevention...&quot; maxim ;-).</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; The apparent</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; requirement to have both working =
and protection paths converge on the PML</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; seems artificial and unnecessary =
(if I am understanding this correctly???).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Again, this is not a requirement, but =
rather an outcome of where the working</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">and protection paths are desired to =
be merged (selected by the algorithm that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">selects these paths). The PML is =
whatever LSR these paths (for a given</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">working path) merge at. Thus, the =
working and protection paths naturally</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">converge on the PML, by definition, =
not by any artificial requirement.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Also, there could be different PMLs =
for different working paths (even if these</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">paths merge), and for a particular =
LSPs, their PMLs could be the egress LSRs</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">for those LSPs.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">In some ways it is =
an artificial requirement. The existence of a PML suggests that there =
is by definition only one egress point from:</FONT></P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">- an MPLS domain OR</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">- a protected domain</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">where in reality =
there may be multiple points of attachments between domains (and in =
fact is DESIRABLE to have multiple points of attachment), and the =
contruction of LSPs for the working and protection paths may end up =
with diverse egress points once the need for true path diversity is =
factored in. At some point in the network, packets for a particular =
destination originating from working and protected paths in the =
protected domain MAY merge, but it is not necessary that this happen =
within the protected domain, nor is it a requirement that it happen at =
the granularity of the FEC. The only scenario whereby I can imagine a =
common PML for both working and protection is where the FEC is for a =
stub network (single point of attachment). If the PML is somthing which =
only exists occasionally, it is confusing to explicitly identify =
it.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">The reality is that =
what is proposed is that the PSL has a plurality of paths (typically 2) =
for which one is a primary and one or more is a backup. The RNT failure =
notification mechanism is unique for each path. The root of an RNT is =
either the root node of the specific LSP at the edge of the MPLS =
domain, or administratively constrained as being some intermediate node =
at the edge of a protected domain. It would be rare that a PML occured =
at the same node.</FONT></P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; All a PSL needs to know is that a =
path has failed, and have a viable</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; alternative to switch to. For =
that RNT may be a viable solution, but simply</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; each protected mp2p LSP has an =
RNT associated with it so the PSL can make</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; reasonable and timely decisions =
and there may be no topological entities in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; common between the working path =
and the protection path (other than the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; egress node from the =
network).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Correct. See response above.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Realistically the useful =
functionality of an</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; RNT can be distributed across =
all intermediate LSRs and the concept of an</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; PML should be capped as simply =
an administrative concept defining a point</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; past which an RNT will not =
propagate (for whatever reason).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Indeed that is what it pretty much is. =
Except that a PML is the LSR at which</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">a working and protection path merge, =
and not an administrative concept</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">beyond which an RNT will not =
propagate, since you can have multiple PMLs</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">on the same RNT. (There needs to be a =
slight correction in our draft, because</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">we say the PML sources the RNT. We =
need to clarify, that the last PML</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">on a merged working path is the one =
that sources the RNT.)</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Multiple PMLs on the =
RNT scares me, as the granularity of repair and the number of =
&quot;single points of failure&quot; goes up. This also poses the =
interesting question which is are the information flows up the RNT =
sufficient to localize the failure. I have to admit that to me, by =
definition, an RNT is scoped to providing protection to a single LSP =
tree within a single domain. Otherwise the plurality of failure =
scenarios is overwhelming.</FONT></P>
<BR>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">In general I still =
see no reason for the RNT root to also be a PML. I just don't see the =
PML as an explicit entity that is tied to the granularity of the FEC, =
nor explicitly localized at the egress point of the protected domain. =
It is somthing that will happen naturally regardless....</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">regards</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01BFA574.410011FA--


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 15:13:57 2000
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Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 15:09:39 -0400
From: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>
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"Abes, Andi" wrote:
> 
> David,
> 
> The following are quoted from rsvp-tunnel-05, sections 3.1 and 3.2
> It's the description of the Path and RESV messages -
> the parts that apply to sender specification.
> Both messages contain a session object as well (qouted from 4.6.1)
	...

I never said that they didn't contain SESSION objects.  Of course they
must - otherwise you don't know what tunnels the messages apply to.

> So what does this mean:
> 
> In a path message, an LSP is identified by:
>   a. the session it belongs to -
>         IPv4 egress address + tunnel ID + extendend TunnelID.
>   b. A sender template -
>         the ingress address + LSP ID (unique for the sender).

Yes.  SESSION and SENDER_TEMPLATE.  As with straight RSVP.

> In a reserve message an LSP is identified by:
>   a. The session - same as path.
>   b. the filter spec, which is exactly the same as the sender_template

Again, exactly as in straight RSVP.

> So back to the original questions and issues:
> 
> 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
>    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
>    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP address, only
>    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever belong to the
>    same session.

Yes.

> 2. For multiple LSP's to share resources, they need to:
>    a. belong to the same session (see above)
>    b. The egress router needs to assign SE style to the session.

Yes.

> Do you agree with the statements above ?

Yes.

> In light of these statements, do you still believe there
> is a bug in the rsvp-tunnel draft ?

Yes.  What you've described is correct.  But section 2.1 of
draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05.txt describes something else:

   According to [1], "RSVP defines a 'session' to be a data flow with a
   particular destination and transport-layer protocol." However, when
   RSVP and MPLS are combined, a flow or session can be defined with
   greater flexibility and generality.  The ingress node of an LSP can
   use a variety of means to determine which packets are assigned a
   particular label.  Once a label is assigned to a set of packets, the
   label effectively defines the "flow" through the LSP.  We refer to
   such an LSP as an "LSP tunnel" because the traffic through it is
   opaque to intermediate nodes along the label switched path.

Here, the draft implies that there is no difference between and LSP, a
flow and a session.  This is completely untrue.

Multiple data flows can go through a single LSP - the ingress router
will determine which flows go into which LSPs, based on whatever
administrative policies are in place (including, but not limited to
destination address, diffserv bits, or layer-4 information)

Additionally, multiple LSPs can be defined for a single session.  These
LSPs may share resources (when used in make-before-break rerouting or
creating redundant failoer paths) or they might maintain distinct
reservations (possibly for defining multiple parallel LSPs for
prioritizing traffic.)

   New RSVP SESSION objects, called LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 and LSP_TUNNEL_IPv6
   have been defined to support the LSP tunnel feature.  The semantics
   of these objects, from the perspective of a node along the label
   switched path, is that traffic belonging to the LSP tunnel is
   identified solely on the basis of packets arriving from the PHOP or
   "previous hop" (see [1]) with the particular label value(s) assigned
   by this node to upstream senders to the session.  In fact, the
   IPv4(v6) that appears in the object name only denotes that the
   destination address is an IPv4(v6) address.  When we refer to these
   objects generically, we use the term LSP_TUNNEL Session.

Again, this is inaccurate.  A tunnel is not defined by packets sharing a
common label.  An LSP is a set of packets sharing a common label.  A
tunnel (or session) is a collection of one or more LSPs to a common
destination (sharing a common tunnel ID.)

It is perfectly possible for multiple LSPs (meaning packets with
different labels) to all belong to a single tunnel.

On the data plane, the distinction doesn't matter.  The switch just
looks at the label, updates the label (push, pop, swap, etc) and
forwards the packet.

But on the control plane - at least with RSVP - the distinction is
important.  Tunnels (or sessions) can not share resources with each
other.  LSPs within a single tunnel, however, may or may not share
resources, depending on the reservation style sent out by the tunnel
endpoint (egress) router.

It is important to note that a label can not be used to identify an LSP
during LSP setup.  Labels are only assigned during Resv message
processing - which happens towards the end of the setup.  In other
words, labels are purely data-plane entities and don't identify anything
until after RSVP (or LDP, I assume) sets up the LSP.

-- David


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 16:07:09 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	xt
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 16:04:39 -0400
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David,

Now I understand your objections - 
the wording in the sections you qouted is not 
clear enough about what is a session, a flow and how
they relate to labels.
Ok - to that I agree.

But to say it's a bug in the draft - that's taking 
it a little too far.

A little analysis of the objects involved and the 
processing rules for RSVP along with the text will
bring you to the right conclusions.

I completly agree that making the draft more explicit
as to what is permissible and possible with the 
defined objects would be very useful.

And, if the draft is taking the "reader-freindly" path -
there are quite a few more issues that need clarification
and updating:


1. Diff serv over MPLS.
2. Label stacks and implications on distributing them with RSVP 
   (the LDP world has pretty well define rules for 
    Trageted sessions and it's implications)
3. Some usage scenarios and examples would be great.





Andi.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: David Charlap [mailto:dcharlap@fore.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 3:10 PM
> To: mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: Re: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.txt
> 
> 
> "Abes, Andi" wrote:
> > 
> > David,
> > 
> > The following are quoted from rsvp-tunnel-05, sections 3.1 and 3.2
> > It's the description of the Path and RESV messages -
> > the parts that apply to sender specification.
> > Both messages contain a session object as well (qouted from 4.6.1)
> 	...
> 
> I never said that they didn't contain SESSION objects.  Of course they
> must - otherwise you don't know what tunnels the messages apply to.
> 
> > So what does this mean:
> > 
> > In a path message, an LSP is identified by:
> >   a. the session it belongs to -
> >         IPv4 egress address + tunnel ID + extendend TunnelID.
> >   b. A sender template -
> >         the ingress address + LSP ID (unique for the sender).
> 
> Yes.  SESSION and SENDER_TEMPLATE.  As with straight RSVP.
> 
> > In a reserve message an LSP is identified by:
> >   a. The session - same as path.
> >   b. the filter spec, which is exactly the same as the 
> sender_template
> 
> Again, exactly as in straight RSVP.
> 
> > So back to the original questions and issues:
> > 
> > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP address, only
> >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever belong to the
> >    same session.
> 
> Yes.
> 
> > 2. For multiple LSP's to share resources, they need to:
> >    a. belong to the same session (see above)
> >    b. The egress router needs to assign SE style to the session.
> 
> Yes.
> 
> > Do you agree with the statements above ?
> 
> Yes.
> 
> > In light of these statements, do you still believe there
> > is a bug in the rsvp-tunnel draft ?
> 
> Yes.  What you've described is correct.  But section 2.1 of
> draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05.txt describes something else:
> 
>    According to [1], "RSVP defines a 'session' to be a data 
> flow with a
>    particular destination and transport-layer protocol." However, when
>    RSVP and MPLS are combined, a flow or session can be defined with
>    greater flexibility and generality.  The ingress node of an LSP can
>    use a variety of means to determine which packets are assigned a
>    particular label.  Once a label is assigned to a set of 
> packets, the
>    label effectively defines the "flow" through the LSP.  We refer to
>    such an LSP as an "LSP tunnel" because the traffic through it is
>    opaque to intermediate nodes along the label switched path.
> 
> Here, the draft implies that there is no difference between and LSP, a
> flow and a session.  This is completely untrue.
> 
> Multiple data flows can go through a single LSP - the ingress router
> will determine which flows go into which LSPs, based on whatever
> administrative policies are in place (including, but not limited to
> destination address, diffserv bits, or layer-4 information)
> 
> Additionally, multiple LSPs can be defined for a single 
> session.  These
> LSPs may share resources (when used in make-before-break rerouting or
> creating redundant failoer paths) or they might maintain distinct
> reservations (possibly for defining multiple parallel LSPs for
> prioritizing traffic.)
> 
>    New RSVP SESSION objects, called LSP_TUNNEL_IPv4 and 
> LSP_TUNNEL_IPv6
>    have been defined to support the LSP tunnel feature.  The semantics
>    of these objects, from the perspective of a node along the label
>    switched path, is that traffic belonging to the LSP tunnel is
>    identified solely on the basis of packets arriving from the PHOP or
>    "previous hop" (see [1]) with the particular label 
> value(s) assigned
>    by this node to upstream senders to the session.  In fact, the
>    IPv4(v6) that appears in the object name only denotes that the
>    destination address is an IPv4(v6) address.  When we refer to these
>    objects generically, we use the term LSP_TUNNEL Session.
> 
> Again, this is inaccurate.  A tunnel is not defined by 
> packets sharing a
> common label.  An LSP is a set of packets sharing a common label.  A
> tunnel (or session) is a collection of one or more LSPs to a common
> destination (sharing a common tunnel ID.)
> 
> It is perfectly possible for multiple LSPs (meaning packets with
> different labels) to all belong to a single tunnel.
> 
> On the data plane, the distinction doesn't matter.  The switch just
> looks at the label, updates the label (push, pop, swap, etc) and
> forwards the packet.
> 
> But on the control plane - at least with RSVP - the distinction is
> important.  Tunnels (or sessions) can not share resources with each
> other.  LSPs within a single tunnel, however, may or may not share
> resources, depending on the reservation style sent out by the tunnel
> endpoint (egress) router.
> 
> It is important to note that a label can not be used to 
> identify an LSP
> during LSP setup.  Labels are only assigned during Resv message
> processing - which happens towards the end of the setup.  In other
> words, labels are purely data-plane entities and don't 
> identify anything
> until after RSVP (or LDP, I assume) sets up the LSP.
> 
> -- David
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 16:15:00 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Cc: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	xt
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A small but not insignificant correction.

> > ...
> > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP address, only
> >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever belong to the
> >    same session.
> 
> Yes.
> 

There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs originating at
different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID even if this ID
happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.

Dimitry


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 16:18:14 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>, David Charlap
	 <dcharlap@fore.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 16:15:53 -0400
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Dimitry,

Yes, you're right - 
it will probably work - but it will defeat the purpose 
of the extended ID.

Andi.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:12 PM
> To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> Cc: Abes, Andi
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> A small but not insignificant correction.
> 
> > > ...
> > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> address, only
> > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever belong to the
> > >    same session.
> > 
> > Yes.
> > 
> 
> There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs originating at
> different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> even if this ID
> happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> 
> Dimitry
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 16:29:19 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>,
        Dimitry Haskin
	 <dhaskin@nexabit.com>,
        David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
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> Dimitry,
> 
> Yes, you're right - 
> it will probably work - but it will defeat the purpose 
> of the extended ID.
> 
No, it will not if used judiciously by cooperating nodes.

> Andi.
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:12 PM
> > To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > Cc: Abes, Andi
> > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > 
> > 
> > A small but not insignificant correction.
> > 
> > > > ...
> > > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> > address, only
> > > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever 
> belong to the
> > > >    same session.
> > > 
> > > Yes.
> > > 
> > 
> > There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs 
> originating at
> > different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> > even if this ID
> > happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> > 
> > Dimitry
> > 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 16:43:30 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>,
        "Abes, Andi"
	 <aabes@quarrytech.com>,
        David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 16:41:19 -0400
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What is the advantage of doing this,
as opposed to simply using different Tunnel ID's
and setting the extended tunnel ID to 0 
(as the spec suggests) ?

Andi.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:27 PM
> To: Abes, Andi; Dimitry Haskin; David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> > Dimitry,
> > 
> > Yes, you're right - 
> > it will probably work - but it will defeat the purpose 
> > of the extended ID.
> > 
> No, it will not if used judiciously by cooperating nodes.
> 
> > Andi.
> > 
> > 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:12 PM
> > > To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > > Cc: Abes, Andi
> > > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > > 
> > > 
> > > A small but not insignificant correction.
> > > 
> > > > > ...
> > > > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > > > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > > > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> > > address, only
> > > > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever 
> > belong to the
> > > > >    same session.
> > > > 
> > > > Yes.
> > > > 
> > > 
> > > There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs 
> > originating at
> > > different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> > > even if this ID
> > > happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> > > 
> > > Dimitry
> > > 
> > 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 16:47:52 2000
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From: Markus Jork <mjork@avici.com>
To: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: cos tspec in RSVP-TE
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 16:45:48 -0400
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There was a minor change from draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-04
to draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05. The section about the
CoS Tspec/Flowspec maximum packet size (M) parameter now says:
"When the object is contained in Path
messages, this parameter is updated at each hop with the lesser
of the received value and the MTU of the outgoing interface."

This is clearly the wrong thing to do and unnecessary. It conflicts
with the traditional rsvp model where the sender_tspec characterizes
the sender's traffic and the adspec is used to gather information
along the path. Now requiring that a tspec has to be updated along
the path with link specific information is not a good idea, especially
when we don't gain any advantage by doing so. The adspec already
has the path mtu information and there is no point in collecting
the same information in the tspec where it doesn't belong.
And doing this because it is more convenient than parsing
an intserv adspec is a rather weak argument, too.

Markus


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 17:03:44 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 17:00:07 -0400
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> 
> What is the advantage of doing this,
> as opposed to simply using different Tunnel ID's
> and setting the extended tunnel ID to 0 
> (as the spec suggests) ?

I assume you meant to write 'the same Tunnel ID'. The advantage is that you
can confine the session scope to a set of cooperating nodes without risking
that a node outside of the set can assign the same session object to its
RSVP session. 

> 
> Andi.

Dimitry

> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:27 PM
> > To: Abes, Andi; Dimitry Haskin; David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > 
> > 
> > > Dimitry,
> > > 
> > > Yes, you're right - 
> > > it will probably work - but it will defeat the purpose 
> > > of the extended ID.
> > > 
> > No, it will not if used judiciously by cooperating nodes.
> > 
> > > Andi.
> > > 
> > > 
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > > > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:12 PM
> > > > To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > > > Cc: Abes, Andi
> > > > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > > > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > A small but not insignificant correction.
> > > > 
> > > > > > ...
> > > > > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > > > > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > > > > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> > > > address, only
> > > > > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever 
> > > belong to the
> > > > > >    same session.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Yes.
> > > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs 
> > > originating at
> > > > different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> > > > even if this ID
> > > > happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> > > > 
> > > > Dimitry
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 17:10:56 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 17:08:44 -0400
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Dimmitry,


No, I did mean different Tunnel ID's.

Lets say that there are LSR's Ra Rb Rc and Rd.

The goal we are trying to achieve, if I understand 
you correctly, is to have some LSP's from Ra and Rb
going to Rd share resources among themselves, 
but not with LSP's from Rc going to the same place.

The way I would configure this is:
- Ra and Rb use a session defined by Egress = Rd 
  tunnel = T1
- Rc use a session defined by Egress = Rd and 
  tunnel = T2.

In all sessions, the extended ID is set to 0,
such that if you choose to share its resources
you only need to configure the new ingress to use
the same tunnel ID.

According to your suggestion - how would you configure
these routers ?

Andi.


In any case, it might be good to take this offline
so we don't generate too much traffic on the list.

Andi.




> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 5:00 PM
> To: Abes, Andi; mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> > 
> > What is the advantage of doing this,
> > as opposed to simply using different Tunnel ID's
> > and setting the extended tunnel ID to 0 
> > (as the spec suggests) ?
> 
> I assume you meant to write 'the same Tunnel ID'. The 
> advantage is that you
> can confine the session scope to a set of cooperating nodes 
> without risking
> that a node outside of the set can assign the same session 
> object to its
> RSVP session. 
> 
> > 
> > Andi.
> 
> Dimitry
> 
> > 
> > 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:27 PM
> > > To: Abes, Andi; Dimitry Haskin; David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > > 
> > > 
> > > > Dimitry,
> > > > 
> > > > Yes, you're right - 
> > > > it will probably work - but it will defeat the purpose 
> > > > of the extended ID.
> > > > 
> > > No, it will not if used judiciously by cooperating nodes.
> > > 
> > > > Andi.
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > > > > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 4:12 PM
> > > > > To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > > > > Cc: Abes, Andi
> > > > > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > > > > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > A small but not insignificant correction.
> > > > > 
> > > > > > > ...
> > > > > > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > > > > > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > > > > > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> > > > > address, only
> > > > > > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever 
> > > > belong to the
> > > > > > >    same session.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Yes.
> > > > > > 
> > > > > 
> > > > > There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs 
> > > > originating at
> > > > > different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> > > > > even if this ID
> > > > > happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Dimitry
> > > > > 
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 18:26:45 2000
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From: Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>
To: "'Dimitry Haskin'" <dhaskin@nexabit.com>,
        David Charlap
	 <dcharlap@fore.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Cc: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 15:29:36 -0700
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Dimitry,

	I think this is wrong for a couple of reasons.

	One is that the session object is defined such
that the last four bytes of the extended tunnel ID is
defined to be an IP address of the tunnel ingress.  
This is done explicitly to provide a globally unique
tunnel identifier which MUST then be under the control
of the owner of that IP address.

	The second is that it should be an error.  Since
the extended tunnel ID is defined the way that it is,
allowing any LSR to use the address of another LSR -
even one that is not necessarily particularly local -
is allowing forgery.  The fact that enforcement of
the definition of the extended tunnel ID MIGHT be hard
to do should not be taken to mean that nobody will do
it - or that anybody doing so is wrong.

--
Eric Gray

-----Original Message-----
From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 1:12 PM
To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
Cc: Abes, Andi
Subject: RE: FW: I-D
ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt


A small but not insignificant correction.

> > ...
> > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP address, only
> >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever belong to the
> >    same session.
> 
> Yes.
> 

There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs originating at
different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID even if this ID
happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.

Dimitry


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 19:17:33 2000
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From: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>
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Markus Jork wrote:
> 
> There was a minor change from draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-04
> to draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05. The section about the
> CoS Tspec/Flowspec maximum packet size (M) parameter now says:
> "When the object is contained in Path
> messages, this parameter is updated at each hop with the lesser
> of the received value and the MTU of the outgoing interface."
> 
> This is clearly the wrong thing to do and unnecessary. It conflicts
> with the traditional rsvp model where the sender_tspec characterizes
> the sender's traffic and the adspec is used to gather information
> along the path. Now requiring that a tspec has to be updated along
> the path with link specific information is not a good idea, especially
> when we don't gain any advantage by doing so. The adspec already
> has the path mtu information and there is no point in collecting
> the same information in the tspec where it doesn't belong.
> And doing this because it is more convenient than parsing
> an intserv adspec is a rather weak argument, too.

Personally, I agree with you here.  I think the current draft breaks
with the spirit of RSVP.  I think it would be best to simply require the
ADSPEC (as straight RSVP does for router-to-router Path messages).  The
egress node, seeing the CoS TSPEC will then know to ignore all
parameters other than "M".

By making the TSPEC behave as an ADSPEC, you effectively eliminate the
TSPEC.  The egress node no longer knows what MTU the ingress node is
requesting.  It only knows the network's capabilities - which may be
greater than the amount required.

I do realize that MTU isn't bandwidth here, but I think the egress node
should get both the requested value as well as the ADSPEC value.  On
some routers, resources may be wasted if an MTU greater than required is
signalled.

I would also add as a side comment that there doesn't seem to be any
purpose to signalling the MTU in the CoS FLOWSPEC if the sender's
requirements are not propagated all the way the recipient.  If you only
want to signal "whatever the network's capable of", you can do that
without specifying anything.

-- David


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 19:31:16 2000
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Eric Gray wrote:
> 
>         One is that the session object is defined such that the last
> four bytes of the extended tunnel ID is defined to be an IP address of
> the tunnel ingress.

Not quite "defined".  It's a recommended behavior:

      Extended Tunnel ID

         A 32-bit identifier used in the SESSION that remains constant
         over the life of the tunnel.  Normally set to all zeros.
         Ingress nodes that wish to narrow the scope of a SESSION to the
         ingress-egress pair may place their IPv4 address here as a
         globally unique identifier.

Note that it says "may" and not "must".

In other words, as long as two senders don't pick the same triple of
tunnel endpoint address, tunnel ID and extended tunnel ID, any value is
perfectly good.

The decision to use source IP addresses is simply a good idea, because
you know that it will be unique.  But there are other ways of
guaranteeing uniqueness as well - including operator assignment and (for
the insane) a network-wide ID server.

> This is done explicitly to provide a globally unique tunnel identifier
> which MUST then be under the control of the owner of that IP address.

I don't get that from the reading.  From what I can tell, any value that
can be used as a globally unique tunnel identifier may be used. 
Administrators may choose to use values other than ingress IP addresses
if they so desire.

>         The second is that it should be an error.  Since the extended
> tunnel ID is defined the way that it is, allowing any LSR to use the
> address of another LSR - even one that is not necessarily particularly
> local - is allowing forgery.

Ummmm....  I don't think the extended tunnel ID is intended to be used
as a security measure.  Its intent seems to be merely to prevent a
popular egress node from using up all of its 64K tunnel IDs.

> The fact that enforcement of the definition of the extended tunnel ID
> MIGHT be hard to do should not be taken to mean that nobody will do
> it - or that anybody doing so is wrong.

You assume that the definition is a requirement instead of a
recommendation.  I don't get that impression from my reading of the
draft.

-- David


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 20:35:21 2000
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Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 20:33:35 -0400
To: Markus Jork <mjork@avici.com>
From: Lou Berger <lberger@labn.net>
Subject: Re: cos tspec in RSVP-TE
Cc: "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
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At 04:45 PM 4/13/00 -0400, Markus Jork wrote:
>There was a minor change from draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-04
>to draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-lsp-tunnel-05. The section about the
>CoS Tspec/Flowspec maximum packet size (M) parameter now says:
>"When the object is contained in Path
>messages, this parameter is updated at each hop with the lesser
>of the received value and the MTU of the outgoing interface."

Marcus,

The old wording was broken.  The current wording is what was 
intended.  This is also the reason no Adspec is need when using the 
Class-of-Service SENDER_TSPEC.  Yes, it is different than Int-Serv 
handling.  It uses a different c-type for a reason, it's not int-serv.  We 
made the choice to use one object rather than two.  We considered it to be 
"simpler".  Clearly you disagree.

[BTW David is incorrect in his mail, M will either carry the smaller of the 
path MTU or the largest packet size that the sender advertises in the first 
SENDER_TSPEC, i.e. is interested in sending.]

>This is clearly the wrong thing to do and unnecessary. It conflicts
>with the traditional rsvp model where the sender_tspec characterizes
>the sender's traffic and the adspec is used to gather information
>along the path. Now requiring that a tspec has to be updated along
>the path with link specific information is not a good idea, especially
>when we don't gain any advantage by doing so. The adspec already
>has the path mtu information and there is no point in collecting
>the same information in the tspec where it doesn't belong.
>And doing this because it is more convenient than parsing
>an intserv adspec is a rather weak argument, too.
>
>Markus

Again, Adspec isn't needed with the Class-of-Service SENDER_TSPEC.  (It is 
optional per RFC2205.)

Lou




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 13 20:57:51 2000
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Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 20:56:47 -0400
From: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>
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Lou Berger wrote:
> 
> Again, Adspec isn't needed with the Class-of-Service SENDER_TSPEC.
> (It is optional per RFC2205.)

Is it?

I thought Adspec was only optional for the ingress node (or source host
in non-MPLS RSVP), and that routers received a Path without an Adspec
were required to provide one to the next hop.

Do you mean that it's legal for a transit router to emit a Path message
without an Adspec object?  (Assuming it received a Path without one, of
course.)

-- David


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 00:08:30 2000
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From: Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>
To: "'David Charlap'" <dcharlap@fore.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	xt
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 21:10:59 -0700
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David,

	Hello.  Please see below.

You wrote:
> 
> Eric Gray wrote:
> >
> >         One is that the session object is defined such that the last
> > four bytes of the extended tunnel ID is defined to be an IP address of
> > the tunnel ingress.
> 
> Not quite "defined".  It's a recommended behavior:
> 
>       Extended Tunnel ID
> 
>          A 32-bit identifier used in the SESSION that remains constant
>          over the life of the tunnel.  Normally set to all zeros.
>          Ingress nodes that wish to narrow the scope of a SESSION to the
>          ingress-egress pair may place their IPv4 address here as a
>          globally unique identifier.
> 
> Note that it says "may" and not "must".
> 
> In other words, as long as two senders don't pick the same triple of
> tunnel endpoint address, tunnel ID and extended tunnel ID, any value is
> perfectly good.

This is an interesting interpretation.  Possibly it 
is a common one.  When I read it, however, I see it
stating that there is a "normal" value and another
(set) of alternative values that "may" be used.  It
would be strange to have a "normal" value and other
disimilar - values that "must" be used.

Perhaps I misunderstand.

However, this should be more than a casual suggestion.
Otherwise, a lazy (or, perhaps, insane) implementer
might ignore the recommendation and use a counter
to generate the extended portion of the ID.  A loose
interpretation of the text you quote might lead one
to think that it is only recommended that the ID may
be globally unique.

> 
> The decision to use source IP addresses is simply a good idea, because
> you know that it will be unique.  But there are other ways of
> guaranteeing uniqueness as well - including operator assignment and (for
> the insane) a network-wide ID server.

It's also more than a good idea, because of the KISS
principle.  Operator assignment is pretty far from a
guarantee of uniqueness.

I guess - if we cannot come up with an alternative -
it might be okay to put this gun in the customer's
hand.  But it's not much better than okay.

> 
> > This is done explicitly to provide a globally unique tunnel identifier
> > which MUST then be under the control of the owner of that IP address.
> 
> I don't get that from the reading.  From what I can tell, any value that
> can be used as a globally unique tunnel identifier may be used.
> Administrators may choose to use values other than ingress IP addresses
> if they so desire.

Huh?  The text very exactly states that the IPv4 
address will provide a globally unique identifier.

> 
> >         The second is that it should be an error.  Since the extended
> > tunnel ID is defined the way that it is, allowing any LSR to use the
> > address of another LSR - even one that is not necessarily particularly
> > local - is allowing forgery.
> 
> Ummmm....  I don't think the extended tunnel ID is intended to be used
> as a security measure.  Its intent seems to be merely to prevent a
> popular egress node from using up all of its 64K tunnel IDs.

I am not much of a security expert, but I seem to
recall that security is obtained more as a result
of avoiding the creation of opportunities than as 
a result of addition of security measures.

In this particular case, it might be necessary in
some networks to prevent someone's being able to
forge a tunnel ID - precisely because it gives
them the opportunity to usurp a share of network
resources they are not entitled to.

> 
> > The fact that enforcement of the definition of the extended tunnel ID
> > MIGHT be hard to do should not be taken to mean that nobody will do
> > it - or that anybody doing so is wrong.
> 
> You assume that the definition is a requirement instead of a
> recommendation.  I don't get that impression from my reading of the
> draft.

Put it this way.  Even if it is only a good idea,
then we need a really good reason to ignore it.
Bearing in mind that options are not necessarily
a good thing (putting it mildly), why look for
ways to interpret new options into a specification?

> 
> -- David

--
Eric Gray


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Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 21:21:05 -0700
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
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To: Changcheng Huang <changcheng.huang@tellabs.com>
CC: mpls@UU.NET, Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>,
        Srinivas Makam <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
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See my comments within:

Changcheng Huang wrote:

> Hi Bora,
>
> Thank you for your comments. One particular question you have raised is
> about using RSVP-TE to support the mechanism defined in this draft. This is
> a very good question. We have been working on both RSVP and CR-LDP
> extensions for a while. Currently we see the following problems with
> RSVP-TE:
>
> 1. There are no objects defined in RSVP-TE to identify PSL, PML and a
> protected path;
>

These can be easily added.

>
> 2. No mechanism has been provided in RSVP-TE to setup a p2mp LSP for RNT if
> one carrier choose to use MPLS forwarding rather than hop-by-hop. Currently
> we are thinking to use the RESV message for the request and Confirmation
> message for the actual label allocation;
>

Much better to carry the RNT using IP.

>
> 3. There is no notification mechanism defined in RSVP-TE to support FIS or
> FRS. Currently we are thinking to use PathErr message for this purpose. It
> requires changing the behavior of a RSVP node.
>
> Therefore we are actually thinking an extension to RSVP-TE to support the
> features defined in this contribution. We would like to listen to your
> comments and comments from the community on this direction.
>

As I said before, it is easier to extend RSVP-TE then write yet another
protocol.

Regards

Bora


>
> Thanks,
>
> Chang
>
> --
> Changcheng Huang, Ph.D.
> Tellabs
> 4951 Indiana Avenue, MS 64
> Lisle, IL 60532
> Tel: (630) 512-7954
> Fax: (630) 512-8037
>
> akyol@pluris.com wrote:
>
> > I have read the draft and have the following comments:
> >
> >   1. It is unclear how the RNT mechanism with its FIS/FRS timers differs
> >      from RSVP with TE extensions. Specifically, the timers and the RNT
> >      mechanism resemble RSVP reservations with soft state but with
> >      inverted logic. This should be explained.
> >   2. The text does not specify via what mechanism the FIS/FRS packets
> >      are transmitted? Via UDP/TCP over IP, via the DCC in the SONET
> >      overhead using ISO CLNS? It would be nice to have some packet
> >      formats and outlines of transmission routines.
> >   3. It is pointed in the text that MPLS protection reserves bandwidth
> >      but the text fails to mention SONET also reserves bandwidth.
> >      Moreover, in most current IP/MPLS LSRs, unused bandwidth is usually
> >      used for lower traffic classes.
> >   4. I found sect. 2.2.1 useful.
> >   5. Are FIS and FRS defined somewhere?
> >   6. Timers: There are way too many timers. I do understand that the RNT
> >      cuts down on the amount of notifications, but on core routers with
> >      large number of interfaces with large number of LSPs flowing
> >      through them, 8 timers per RNT is a bit much. This is sort of
> >      related to the question 1 above too.
> >   7. It seems to me that there is a lot of state associated with each
> >      RNT especially when the inverse forking ratio (IFR) is high. It
> >      would help to clearly specify exactly what state needs to be
> >      maintained in a list.
> >   8. In general, people are not concerned with the volume (bw) of
> >      signaling traffic but the overhead it costs in terms of processing.
> >
> > In general, I found the draft of some value, but I think the RNT
> > mechanism should be either separated from the protection procedure or
> > put in an appendix.
> >
> > RNT bears striking similarity to RSVP and there are already quite a
> > number of fields defined in RSVP-TE for the purpose of protection
> > switching signaling, so can we just add what is needed to RSVP-TE?
> >
> > The text also omits all discussion of how restoration paths are
> > computed, what constraints need to be imposed, etc.
> >
> > There is also a lack of specificity in the text, which I hope will
> > improve in a subsequent version. Ideally, an Internet draft should lend
> > itself to being read and then implemented unlike a research paper.
> >
> > Finally, a question to the audience, how does the proposed scheme
> > interoperate with vendor proprieatry implementations of protection
> > switching? Now that the cat is out of the bag, we may want to open up
> > and agree on a standard.
> >
> > Thanks
> >
> > Bora Akyol




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 02:35:12 2000
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Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 12:03:38 +0530
From: Prosenjit Pal <ppal@ind.alcatel.com>
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Hello all,

    I have a doubt regarding draft-ietf-idr-cap-neg-06.txt. I don't know
whether this is
the right forum for discussing it as it belongs to idr group. Since I
came across this in context
of carrying MPLS label info in BGP UPDATE message, may be you people can
help me.

My doubt is the sequence of messages exchanged when
a. both the speakers support capability negotiation but dont support
same set of capabilities.
Last paragraph of section 3 talks about this case, But I am not clear
about that. Can anyone
please explain this case?

With regards,
Prosenjit Pal

--
Prosenjit Pal
Alcatel Internetworking Pvt. Ltd.

voice : +91-80-5097607/8 Extn. 218 (O)
        +91-80-5211891  (R)
fax   : +91-80-5097609
email : ppal@ind.alcatel.com (O)
        prosenjitp@yahoo.com (P)





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 06:58:27 2000
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Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 06:57:14 -0400
To: David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>
From: Lou Berger <lberger@labn.net>
Subject: Re: cos tspec in RSVP-TE
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At 08:56 PM 4/13/00 -0400, David Charlap wrote:
>Lou Berger wrote:
> >
> > Again, Adspec isn't needed with the Class-of-Service SENDER_TSPEC.
> > (It is optional per RFC2205.)
>
>Is it?
>
>I thought Adspec was only optional for the ingress node (or source host
>in non-MPLS RSVP), and that routers received a Path without an Adspec
>were required to provide one to the next hop.
>
>Do you mean that it's legal for a transit router to emit a Path message
>without an Adspec object?  (Assuming it received a Path without one, of
>course.)
>
>-- David

 From rfc2205:

RFC 2205                          RSVP                    September 1997


          The format of a Path message is as follows:

            <Path Message> ::= <Common Header> [ <INTEGRITY> ]

                                      <SESSION> <RSVP_HOP>

                                      <TIME_VALUES>

                                     [ <POLICY_DATA> ... ]

                                     [ <sender descriptor> ]

            <sender descriptor> ::= <SENDER_TEMPLATE> <SENDER_TSPEC>

                                     [ <ADSPEC> ]

Obviously, per RFC2210, ADSPEC is needed for int-serv.

Lou



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 10:37:40 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 10:35:23 -0400
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Eric,

An LSR using an address of another LSR as the extended tunnel ID is as much
forgery as me driving my wife's car is a crime. If there is consent and a
purpose, it is perfectly legal and even useful.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dimitry Haskin
Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eric Gray [mailto:EGray@zaffire.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 6:30 PM
> To: 'Dimitry Haskin'; David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> Cc: Abes, Andi
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> Dimitry,
> 
> 	I think this is wrong for a couple of reasons.
> 
> 	One is that the session object is defined such
> that the last four bytes of the extended tunnel ID is
> defined to be an IP address of the tunnel ingress.  
> This is done explicitly to provide a globally unique
> tunnel identifier which MUST then be under the control
> of the owner of that IP address.
> 
> 	The second is that it should be an error.  Since
> the extended tunnel ID is defined the way that it is,
> allowing any LSR to use the address of another LSR -
> even one that is not necessarily particularly local -
> is allowing forgery.  The fact that enforcement of
> the definition of the extended tunnel ID MIGHT be hard
> to do should not be taken to mean that nobody will do
> it - or that anybody doing so is wrong.
> 
> --
> Eric Gray
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 1:12 PM
> To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> Cc: Abes, Andi
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> A small but not insignificant correction.
> 
> > > ...
> > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> address, only
> > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever belong to the
> > >    same session.
> > 
> > Yes.
> > 
> 
> There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs originating at
> different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> even if this ID
> happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> 
> Dimitry
> 


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        mpls@UU.NET
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Friday, April 14, 2000 10:35 AM
> To: Eric Gray; mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> Eric,
> 
> An LSR using an address of another LSR as the extended tunnel 
> ID is as much
> forgery as me driving my wife's car is a crime. If there is 
> consent and a
> purpose, it is perfectly legal and even useful.
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dimitry Haskin
> Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Eric Gray [mailto:EGray@zaffire.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 6:30 PM
> > To: 'Dimitry Haskin'; David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > Cc: Abes, Andi
> > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > 
> > 
> > Dimitry,
> > 
> > 	I think this is wrong for a couple of reasons.
> > 
> > 	One is that the session object is defined such
> > that the last four bytes of the extended tunnel ID is
> > defined to be an IP address of the tunnel ingress.  
> > This is done explicitly to provide a globally unique
> > tunnel identifier which MUST then be under the control
> > of the owner of that IP address.
> > 
> > 	The second is that it should be an error.  Since
> > the extended tunnel ID is defined the way that it is,
> > allowing any LSR to use the address of another LSR -
> > even one that is not necessarily particularly local -
> > is allowing forgery.  The fact that enforcement of
> > the definition of the extended tunnel ID MIGHT be hard
> > to do should not be taken to mean that nobody will do
> > it - or that anybody doing so is wrong.
> > 
> > --
> > Eric Gray
> > 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 1:12 PM
> > To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > Cc: Abes, Andi
> > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > 
> > 
> > A small but not insignificant correction.
> > 
> > > > ...
> > > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> > address, only
> > > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever 
> belong to the
> > > >    same session.
> > > 
> > > Yes.
> > > 
> > 
> > There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs 
> originating at
> > different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> > even if this ID
> > happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> > 
> > Dimitry
> > 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 12:01:53 2000
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From: Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>
To: "'Dimitry Haskin'" <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 09:03:44 -0700
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Dimitry,

	Speaking as one who has used an analogy
before, this one is a bit of a stretch.  But
let's take it for a stroll.

	What I am saying is that - should you get
pulled over in your wife's car - you should not
be surprised when you are detained pending a
verification that you have permission from the
owner of the vehicle.  A police officer would
absolutely be within his/her rights to insist
on performing such a check.

	After that, it might not seem so useful.

--
Eric Gray

-----Original Message-----
From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
Sent: Friday, April 14, 2000 7:35 AM
To: Eric Gray; mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D
ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt


Eric,

An LSR using an address of another LSR as the extended tunnel ID is as much
forgery as me driving my wife's car is a crime. If there is consent and a
purpose, it is perfectly legal and even useful.

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dimitry Haskin
Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Eric Gray [mailto:EGray@zaffire.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 6:30 PM
> To: 'Dimitry Haskin'; David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> Cc: Abes, Andi
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> Dimitry,
> 
> 	I think this is wrong for a couple of reasons.
> 
> 	One is that the session object is defined such
> that the last four bytes of the extended tunnel ID is
> defined to be an IP address of the tunnel ingress.  
> This is done explicitly to provide a globally unique
> tunnel identifier which MUST then be under the control
> of the owner of that IP address.
> 
> 	The second is that it should be an error.  Since
> the extended tunnel ID is defined the way that it is,
> allowing any LSR to use the address of another LSR -
> even one that is not necessarily particularly local -
> is allowing forgery.  The fact that enforcement of
> the definition of the extended tunnel ID MIGHT be hard
> to do should not be taken to mean that nobody will do
> it - or that anybody doing so is wrong.
> 
> --
> Eric Gray
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 1:12 PM
> To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> Cc: Abes, Andi
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> A small but not insignificant correction.
> 
> > > ...
> > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> address, only
> > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever belong to the
> > >    same session.
> > 
> > Yes.
> > 
> 
> There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs originating at
> different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> even if this ID
> happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> 
> Dimitry
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 12:08:09 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>, Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
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(sorry for the previous mail - too quick on 
the trigger)...



Ok, 
 many "hidden" intentions were assigned to the 
extended tunnel ID.
It might be usefull to make an attempt and clarify 
what is it usefull for.

The following was sent in private email.

Do my assumptions make any sense ?


Andi.



-----Original Message-----
From: Abes, Andi 
Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 6:00 PM
To: 'Dimitry Haskin'; Abes, Andi
Subject: RE: FW: I-D
ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt


Could be, but I'm not copletly sure about that.
I think there are many issues about corssing administrative
domains.

I might be wrong here, but bare with me.
Basically the Egress makes the decission on what style to 
use for a session, and the ingress has very little say in it.

Yes, there's the "might-reroute" session attribute. There's also
the "merging-permitted" - which I didn't really understand.

Other that those 2 flags, which are very limited info, and 
considered recomendation only, the ingress has very 
little avenues to express its will.

The extened tunnel ID, in my mind, is to allow the 
ingress the capability to disallow any type of sharing.

The rational being:
The "network" will attempt to reduce resource utilization
as much as possible - merge what ever it can - so the 
ingress doesn't realy need to ask for it.
But... The ingress might want to allow an LSP to receive 
prefered treatment, and explicitly dis-allow any type 
of resource sharing. This would be accomplished using
the extended ID.







> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 5:47 PM
> To: Abes, Andi
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> Andi,
> 
> If all sessions that terminate at the same egress are 
> configured by the same
> administrative entity there is no need for the extended 
> tunnel ID in the
> Session object. My understanding is that the extended tunnel 
> ID was intended
> to allow initiation of RSVP sessions in different 
> administrations without
> necessity of close cooperation in identifying the sessions.
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dimitry Haskin
> Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Abes, Andi [mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 5:36 PM
> > To: Dimitry Haskin
> > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > 
> > 
> > Ok,
> > so what's to prevent Rc chosing the same value
> > as Ra for the extended ID ?
> > 
> > My understanding was that the Tunnel ID is not "picked"
> > by either Ra Rb or Rc - it has to be administratively 
> > assigned.
> > The Tunnel ID has very important implications on the way
> > that LSP's are going to be treated (can they be merged / shared 
> > and the likes).
> > In our system - we are going to allow the user control over it.
> > 
> > 
> > Andi.
> > 
> > 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 12:45:47 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Lou Berger <lberger@labn.net>, David Charlap <dcharlap@fore.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: cos tspec in RSVP-TE
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 12:43:13 -0400
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Lou,

As long as we're discussing intentions in 
the RSVP tunnels draft....

I've being trying to resolve this, and whom
better than the man himself.

A RESV message contains the full label stack
that was assigned. The question is - is
the stack "valid" only as a whole, or can 
the higher label be used over any other LSP
that terminates at the LSR that assigned it ?

Why is it important you may ask - 
in a DiffServ environment, there could be 
multiple top labels between to LSR, to implement
L-LSP's. When receiving a label stack in a RESV - 
can the upstream use the label over any one of 
LSP's, or only on the one that uses the label
contained in the Label Object in the RESV ?

In the first case, the higher label has to be
drawn from the platform label pool. In the 
second case, it doesn't have too - but it seems
very restrictive.

(I'm kind of hoping you meant the former - 
take it from the platform pool - and use it
all around).

I think this is an important issue for 
interoperability, and needs a decisive (and authoritative)
opinion voicing.


Andi.






> -----Original Message-----
> From: Lou Berger [mailto:lberger@labn.net]
> Sent: Friday, April 14, 2000 6:57 AM
> To: David Charlap
> Cc: mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: Re: cos tspec in RSVP-TE
> 
> 
> At 08:56 PM 4/13/00 -0400, David Charlap wrote:
> >Lou Berger wrote:
> > >
> > > Again, Adspec isn't needed with the Class-of-Service SENDER_TSPEC.
> > > (It is optional per RFC2205.)
> >
> >Is it?
> >
> >I thought Adspec was only optional for the ingress node (or 
> source host
> >in non-MPLS RSVP), and that routers received a Path without an Adspec
> >were required to provide one to the next hop.
> >
> >Do you mean that it's legal for a transit router to emit a 
> Path message
> >without an Adspec object?  (Assuming it received a Path 
> without one, of
> >course.)
> >
> >-- David
> 
>  From rfc2205:
> 
> RFC 2205                          RSVP                    
> September 1997
> 
> 
>           The format of a Path message is as follows:
> 
>             <Path Message> ::= <Common Header> [ <INTEGRITY> ]
> 
>                                       <SESSION> <RSVP_HOP>
> 
>                                       <TIME_VALUES>
> 
>                                      [ <POLICY_DATA> ... ]
> 
>                                      [ <sender descriptor> ]
> 
>             <sender descriptor> ::= <SENDER_TEMPLATE> <SENDER_TSPEC>
> 
>                                      [ <ADSPEC> ]
> 
> Obviously, per RFC2210, ADSPEC is needed for int-serv.
> 
> Lou
> 


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Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2000 13:35:34 -0400
From: "James R. Leu" <jleu@laurelnetworks.com>
To: NENDERLE@bouyguestelecom.fr
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: LSR and/or IP router ?
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On Thu, Apr 13, 2000 at 04:19:17PM +0200, NENDERLE@bouyguestelecom.fr wrote:
> Hello, 
> 
> I have a few questions about IP routing capability of  LSRs : 
> 1 - Does a core LSR is able to achieve classic IP routing and is there a
> special label to mean that the MPLS packet is to be considered as an IP
> packet ?

Yes and no :-)

If your planning on running RSVP-TE the LSR will need to have some form of
IP forwarding (and Router Alert Bit procesing) while with (CR)LDP the LSR
only needs to be able to create and terminate TCP sessions.  The LDP protocol
terminates and possible re-originates every LDP message.

A good place to start understanding this differnce it to look at the source
and destination addresses in the PDUs of the differnt MPLS signaling protocol.
In RSVP the destination address is the address of the LER that will terminate
the LSP.  In LDP the destination address is one of the interfaces on the
directly connected peer.

I hope this helps.
-- 
James R. Leu            |    Laurel Networks
Software Engineer       | Switching Systems for the
jleu@laurelnetworks.com |    Optical Internet 


> 
> 2 - If not, how LDP (relying on TCP) messages (LABEL_REQUEST and
> LABEL_MAPPING) can be adressed to a core LSR without a label ?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Nicolas.
> > **************************************************************************
> > ****
> > Nicolas ENDERLE
> > Bouygues Telecom - R & D
> > Engineer at the Research and Developpement Center
> > Tél :	+33 1 39 45 38 67
> > 	+33 6 61 31 38 67    email : nenderle@bouyguestelecom.fr
> > Fax :	+33 1 39 26 86 13
> > **************************************************************************
> > ****
> > 




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 13:13:15 2000
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From: "Frank Butler" <fbutler14@hotmail.com>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Statically provisioned MPLS
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 08:15:42 PDT
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All:

Of the working MPLS implementations out there, is there support for 
connecting using statically provisioned LSP's?  And with no routing 
protocols, but only static routes?

In other words, what is the minimum for a first phase implementation that 
would allow interoperability with other MPLS implementations?


Thanks,
Frank.
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 14:00:42 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>, Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 13:58:50 -0400
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Eric,
> 
> Dimitry,
> 
> 	Speaking as one who has used an analogy
> before, this one is a bit of a stretch.  But
> let's take it for a stroll.
> 
> 	What I am saying is that - should you get
> pulled over in your wife's car - you should not
> be surprised when you are detained pending a
> verification that you have permission from the
> owner of the vehicle.  A police officer would
> absolutely be within his/her rights to insist
> on performing such a check.
>
If such a check is possible I've no problem with that. It could be a plain
nuisance in some neighborly communities but ok.. It still does not mean that
it is necessarily illegal or that it does not serve any purpose driving
someone's car.

Back to reality, draft-swallow-rsvp-bypass-label-00.txt provides an example
of different ingress nodes using the same session objects including the
extended tunnel id for association of backup LSPs with LSPs being backed up.


> 	After that, it might not seem so useful.
> 
> --
> Eric Gray

Dimitry
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Friday, April 14, 2000 7:35 AM
> To: Eric Gray; mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> Eric,
> 
> An LSR using an address of another LSR as the extended tunnel 
> ID is as much
> forgery as me driving my wife's car is a crime. If there is 
> consent and a
> purpose, it is perfectly legal and even useful.
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dimitry Haskin
> Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Eric Gray [mailto:EGray@zaffire.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 6:30 PM
> > To: 'Dimitry Haskin'; David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > Cc: Abes, Andi
> > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > 
> > 
> > Dimitry,
> > 
> > 	I think this is wrong for a couple of reasons.
> > 
> > 	One is that the session object is defined such
> > that the last four bytes of the extended tunnel ID is
> > defined to be an IP address of the tunnel ingress.  
> > This is done explicitly to provide a globally unique
> > tunnel identifier which MUST then be under the control
> > of the owner of that IP address.
> > 
> > 	The second is that it should be an error.  Since
> > the extended tunnel ID is defined the way that it is,
> > allowing any LSR to use the address of another LSR -
> > even one that is not necessarily particularly local -
> > is allowing forgery.  The fact that enforcement of
> > the definition of the extended tunnel ID MIGHT be hard
> > to do should not be taken to mean that nobody will do
> > it - or that anybody doing so is wrong.
> > 
> > --
> > Eric Gray
> > 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 13, 2000 1:12 PM
> > To: David Charlap; mpls@UU.NET
> > Cc: Abes, Andi
> > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > 
> > 
> > A small but not insignificant correction.
> > 
> > > > ...
> > > > 1. For LSP's to be belong to the same session they need
> > > >    to share the same egress point and tunnel ID.
> > > >    If the exteneded tunnel ID is set to the Ingress IP 
> > address, only
> > > >    LSP's originating at the same ingress could ever 
> belong to the
> > > >    same session.
> > > 
> > > Yes.
> > > 
> > 
> > There is nothing to prevent nor it is an error for LSPs 
> originating at
> > different ingress nodes to share the same extended tunnel ID 
> > even if this ID
> > happen to be set to an address of one of the ingress nodes.
> > 
> > Dimitry
> > 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 14:34:06 2000
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From: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
Organization: Nortel Networks
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Frank Butler wrote:
> 
> All:
> 
> Of the working MPLS implementations out there, is there support for
> connecting using statically provisioned LSP's?  And with no routing
> protocols, but only static routes?
> 
> In other words, what is the minimum for a first phase implementation that
> would allow interoperability with other MPLS implementations?
> 
> Thanks,
> Frank.

  The simplest thing to implement that would actually interwork would probably
be to do CR-LDP with ATM labels, and only as a tandem device that processes
strict ER hops. 

  Above and beyond the message PDU code (which you can take from the NortelNetworks/mpls
web site), you have to write all of a few thousand lines of code to get it up and 
running and some of that you can probably steal from the Linux implementations.

  Obviously a similar approach can be taken with RSVP-TE starting from a public
domain implementation. 

  Cheers,

  Peter


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 14:47:12 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>, Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
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 Back to reality, draft-swallow-rsvp-bypass-label-00.txt
> provides an example
> of different ingress nodes using the same session objects
> including the
> extended tunnel id for association of backup LSPs with LSPs
> being backed up.
>
>


Dimitry,

I was looking for the refrence you gave, but the only
thing I found was an example discussing using different IP addresses
in the sender_template, not in the session.

(end of section 3.1)

   We therefore propose that backup tunnels be identified as follows.
   The SESSION object and the LSP_ID are copied from the LSP tunnel
   being backed up.  The IPv4 tunnel sender address is set to an address
   of the PLR node.  If the head-end of a tunnel is also acting as the
   PLR, it must choose an IP address different from the one used in the
   SENDER_TEMPLATE of the original LSP tunnel.


Did you mean something else ?


Andi. 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 15:10:52 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>,
        Dimitry Haskin
	 <dhaskin@nexabit.com>, Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
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> 
>  Back to reality, draft-swallow-rsvp-bypass-label-00.txt
> > provides an example
> > of different ingress nodes using the same session objects
> > including the
> > extended tunnel id for association of backup LSPs with LSPs
> > being backed up.
> >
> >
> 
> 
> Dimitry,
> 
> I was looking for the refrence you gave, but the only
> thing I found was an example discussing using different IP addresses
> in the sender_template, not in the session.
> 
Isn't it the point?

> (end of section 3.1)
> 
>    We therefore propose that backup tunnels be identified as follows.
>    The SESSION object and the LSP_ID are copied from the LSP tunnel
>    being backed up.  The IPv4 tunnel sender address is set to 
> an address
>    of the PLR node.  If the head-end of a tunnel is also acting as the
>    PLR, it must choose an IP address different from the one 
> used in the
>    SENDER_TEMPLATE of the original LSP tunnel.
> 
> 
> Did you mean something else ?
> 
No, this is it.
> 
> Andi. 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 15:18:21 2000
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From: Ravichander Vaidyanathan <vravi@research.telcordia.com>
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Hi all:
	Is anybody aware of any tcpdump implementations that can parse
MPLS labelled packets ? or am I going to have to write my own <groan>

-Ravi



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 16:07:46 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>,
        "Abes, Andi"
	 <aabes@quarrytech.com>, Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 16:05:02 -0400
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Dimitry,


If I understand your point -
An ingress can choose a seemingly randon value to 
put in the SESSION object's extended Tunnel ID.

Then, no - this is not the point.
The bypass draft suggest using exactly the same SESSION
object - including the extended Tunnel ID, but 
using a different IP address in the SENDER_TEMPLATE -
meaning - 
creating a new sender in the same session for the backup
tunnel, but the original and the backup tunnels all
belong to the same SESSION.

If you think about it - at points in the network
where the backup and original happen to co-exist -
no "double-booking" will occcur, since the resources
can be shared among different senders in the same tunnel.

If the SESSION object were modifed in any way, like
changing the extended tunnel ID - this would not work -
and resources would have to be reserved for both the original
and backup tunnel.

Andi.








> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Friday, April 14, 2000 3:09 PM
> To: Abes, Andi; Dimitry Haskin; Eric Gray
> Cc: mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
>  
> > 
> >  Back to reality, draft-swallow-rsvp-bypass-label-00.txt
> > > provides an example
> > > of different ingress nodes using the same session objects
> > > including the
> > > extended tunnel id for association of backup LSPs with LSPs
> > > being backed up.
> > >
> > >
> > 
> > 
> > Dimitry,
> > 
> > I was looking for the refrence you gave, but the only
> > thing I found was an example discussing using different IP addresses
> > in the sender_template, not in the session.
> > 
> Isn't it the point?
> 
> > (end of section 3.1)
> > 
> >    We therefore propose that backup tunnels be identified 
> as follows.
> >    The SESSION object and the LSP_ID are copied from the LSP tunnel
> >    being backed up.  The IPv4 tunnel sender address is set to 
> > an address
> >    of the PLR node.  If the head-end of a tunnel is also 
> acting as the
> >    PLR, it must choose an IP address different from the one 
> > used in the
> >    SENDER_TEMPLATE of the original LSP tunnel.
> > 
> > 
> > Did you mean something else ?
> > 
> No, this is it.
> > 
> > Andi. 
> > 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 16:28:26 2000
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From: "Arni Raghu" <arni@caip.rutgers.edu>
To: "Ravichander Vaidyanathan" <vravi@research.telcordia.com>, <mpls@UU.NET>
References: <Pine.GSO.4.21.0004141515070.22803-100000@breeze>
Subject: Re: tcpdump for MPLS
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 16:29:41 -0400
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get ethereal  from ethereal.zing.org...U will be surprised to see how much
mpls support is out there...

hth,,
A


>
> Hi all:
> Is anybody aware of any tcpdump implementations that can parse
> MPLS labelled packets ? or am I going to have to write my own <groan>
>
> -Ravi
>
>



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 16:31:08 2000
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From: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
Organization: Nortel Networks
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Ravichander Vaidyanathan wrote:
> 
> Hi all:
>         Is anybody aware of any tcpdump implementations that can parse
> MPLS labelled packets ? or am I going to have to write my own <groan>
> 
> -Ravi

  I assume you mean MPLS control packets, since labeled packets do not
travel in the TCP/IP connection.

  I think there is dumping code in addition to the parsing code in the PDU 
implementation on the NortelNetworks/mpls web page. 

  It has routines that take a buffer and decompose it into MPLS pdus in
the form of structures and vice versa. Should help take the <groan> out
of the work ;)

  Cheers,

  Peter


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 17:25:11 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>, MPLS mailing list <MPLS@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
	 xt
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 17:23:06 -0400
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Dimitry,


But in this case the initiator of the backup tunnel
is not an igress LSR for the LSP, if you make that 
argument - than each transit LSR would have to replace
the SESSION object.


Andi.


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> Sent: Friday, April 14, 2000 4:33 PM
> To: Abes, Andi
> Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> Andi,
> 
> I believe the contention was if the same address could be used as an
> extended tunnel id by different LSRs. So the point was that it could. 
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dimitry Haskin
> Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems
> 
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Abes, Andi [mailto:aabes@quarrytech.com]
> > Sent: Friday, April 14, 2000 4:05 PM
> > To: Dimitry Haskin; Abes, Andi; Eric Gray
> > Cc: mpls@UU.NET
> > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > 
> > 
> > Dimitry,
> > 
> > 
> > If I understand your point -
> > An ingress can choose a seemingly randon value to 
> > put in the SESSION object's extended Tunnel ID.
> > 
> > Then, no - this is not the point.
> > The bypass draft suggest using exactly the same SESSION
> > object - including the extended Tunnel ID, but 
> > using a different IP address in the SENDER_TEMPLATE -
> > meaning - 
> > creating a new sender in the same session for the backup
> > tunnel, but the original and the backup tunnels all
> > belong to the same SESSION.
> > 
> > If you think about it - at points in the network
> > where the backup and original happen to co-exist -
> > no "double-booking" will occcur, since the resources
> > can be shared among different senders in the same tunnel.
> > 
> > If the SESSION object were modifed in any way, like
> > changing the extended tunnel ID - this would not work -
> > and resources would have to be reserved for both the original
> > and backup tunnel.
> > 
> > Andi.
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > 
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Dimitry Haskin [mailto:dhaskin@nexabit.com]
> > > Sent: Friday, April 14, 2000 3:09 PM
> > > To: Abes, Andi; Dimitry Haskin; Eric Gray
> > > Cc: mpls@UU.NET
> > > Subject: RE: FW: I-D
> > > ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> > > 
> > > 
> > >  
> > > > 
> > > >  Back to reality, draft-swallow-rsvp-bypass-label-00.txt
> > > > > provides an example
> > > > > of different ingress nodes using the same session objects
> > > > > including the
> > > > > extended tunnel id for association of backup LSPs with LSPs
> > > > > being backed up.
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > Dimitry,
> > > > 
> > > > I was looking for the refrence you gave, but the only
> > > > thing I found was an example discussing using different 
> > IP addresses
> > > > in the sender_template, not in the session.
> > > > 
> > > Isn't it the point?
> > > 
> > > > (end of section 3.1)
> > > > 
> > > >    We therefore propose that backup tunnels be identified 
> > > as follows.
> > > >    The SESSION object and the LSP_ID are copied from the 
> > LSP tunnel
> > > >    being backed up.  The IPv4 tunnel sender address is set to 
> > > > an address
> > > >    of the PLR node.  If the head-end of a tunnel is also 
> > > acting as the
> > > >    PLR, it must choose an IP address different from the one 
> > > > used in the
> > > >    SENDER_TEMPLATE of the original LSP tunnel.
> > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > Did you mean something else ?
> > > > 
> > > No, this is it.
> > > > 
> > > > Andi. 
> > > > 
> > > 
> > 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 18:51:03 2000
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Message-ID: <01BFA642.ABFD9BC0.Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
To: "'dallan@nortelnetworks.com'" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Cc: "Srinivas Makam (E-mail)" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "Chang Huang (E-mail)" <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
        "Ken Owens (E-mail)" <ken.owens@tellabs.com>
Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2000 18:53:05 -0400
Organization: Tellabs Research Center
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David,

Thanks for the comments. Please see the responses below.
-Vishal

On Thursday, April 13, 2000 2:15 PM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com] 
wrote:
> > > Ultimately I'm skeptical about the ability to construct parallel mp2p
> > trees
> > > that are usefully diverse and for which the backup is remotely near
> > optimal
> > > due to the constraint of having common PSLs and PML.
> >
> > There is no "requirement" to construct mp2p trees. Rather, it is a natural
> > outcome
> > of the desire or need to merge working traffic. The backup paths may form
> > a tree or they may not. And of course, some intelligence needs to
> > calculate
> > them in accordance with appropriate constraints.
> >
> 	One of my concerns is that if backup paths do not form trees, then
> we have a big scalability hit, we have order (n+1)**2 meshing for
> protection. Order 'n' for working, order n**2 for protection. So much for
> the "ounce of prevention..." maxim ;-).

I am not sure why you call it a "scalability hit". The RNT mechanism cannot
be any worse than having one backup LSP per working LSP.
Also, how do you get (n+1)^2 meshing (and what is "n")?
In general if the backup paths form trees, you get savings.

>
> > > The apparent
> > > requirement to have both working and protection paths converge on the
> > PML
> > > seems artificial and unnecessary (if I am understanding this
> > correctly???).
> >
> > Again, this is not a requirement, but rather an outcome of where the
> > working
> > and protection paths are desired to be merged (selected by the algorithm
> > that
> > selects these paths). The PML is whatever LSR these paths (for a given
> > working path) merge at. Thus, the working and protection paths naturally
> > converge on the PML, by definition, not by any artificial requirement.
> >
> > Also, there could be different PMLs for different working paths (even if
> > these
> > paths merge), and for a particular LSPs, their PMLs could be the egress
> > LSRs
> > for those LSPs.
> >
> 	In some ways it is an artificial requirement. The existence of a PML
> suggests that there is by definition only one egress point from:
> 		- an MPLS domain OR
> 		- a protected domain
> 	where in reality there may be multiple points of attachments between
> domains (and in fact is DESIRABLE to have multiple points of attachment),
> and the contruction of LSPs for the working and protection paths may end up
> with diverse egress points once the need for true path diversity is factored
> in. At some point in the network, packets for a particular destination
> originating from working and protected paths in the protected domain MAY
> merge, but it is not necessary that this happen within the protected domain,
> nor is it a requirement that it happen at the granularity of the FEC. The
> only scenario whereby I can imagine a common PML for both working and
> protection is where the FEC is for a stub network (single point of
> attachment).


First, I am not sure how you define a protection domain (and whether that definition is the
same as the one we use in our draft).

Nonetheless, you seem to be making an implicit assumption that our mechanism must be
confined to a particular IGP or MPLS domain. Why is that necessary? I don't think anything
that we have said confines the PML to be in the same domain as the PSL.
If that is so, the diversity of egress points at a domain boundary does not
really play a role in the assumption that the working and protection paths
must merge at some point, which we call the PML.

(One objection to the statement I just made might
be that we said earlier that some intelligence will be used to compute the
primary and alternate paths through a domain, and that it will know about the
PSL and the PML. However, if it is true that the working and protection
paths are diversely routed through a domain and actually merge in a different
domain, just knowledge of  a particular domain will not be sufficient to identify
the PML. Clearly, there then has to be some way of coordinating the path selection algorithms
in the two domains so that the combined intelligence may identify
the PSL and PML.)

Having said that, it may be that the most useful case will probably be one where the
PML is kept in the same domain as the PSL. If an LSP transits many domains, and
needs to be protected, it might be desirable to provide protection to segments of
it independently within each domain, rather than have one protection path spanning
multiple domains. (Arguably, this may not be the most bandwidth efficient way of
doing things, but it may be simpler.) This also allows for different domains to use
different protection methods if they so desire, without requiring them to know about
each other's protection mechanisms.

> If the PML is somthing which only exists occasionally, it is
> confusing to explicitly identify it.

I am not sure what you mean by "occasionally." An LSR is deemed to be
a PML for a particular LSP, for as long as the working path
and the protection path, which merges into the working path at the PML, both exist.

> 	The reality is that what is proposed is that the PSL has a plurality
> of paths (typically 2) for which one is a primary and one or more is a
> backup. The RNT failure notification mechanism is unique for each path. The
> root of an RNT is either the root node of the specific LSP at the edge of
> the MPLS domain, or administratively constrained as being some intermediate
> node at the edge of a protected domain. It would be rare that a PML occured
> at the same node.

I agree that it is indeed possible that in some cases it may be desirable to have a
certain node as the root of the RNT, which may not be a PML. (For example,
in the figure in our draft, if link 6-7 was very reliable, LSR 6 might be designated
as the root of the RNT, instead of LSR 7).

I guess the figure in our draft suggests that the two are the same, which isn't required.
We'll modify our figure (or add a new one), and also add some text clarifying this in
the revision.

> > > All a PSL needs to know is that a path has failed, and have a viable
> > > alternative to switch to. For that RNT may be a viable solution, but
> > simply
> > > each protected mp2p LSP has an RNT associated with it so the PSL can
> > make
> > > reasonable and timely decisions and there may be no topological entities
> > in
> > > common between the working path and the protection path (other than the
> > > egress node from the network).
> >
> > Correct. See response above.
> >
> > > Realistically the useful functionality of an
> > > RNT can be distributed across all intermediate LSRs and the concept of
> > an
> > > PML should be capped as simply an administrative concept defining a
> > point
> > > past which an RNT will not propagate (for whatever reason).
> >
> > Indeed that is what it pretty much is. Except that a PML is the LSR at
> > which
> > a working and protection path merge, and not an administrative concept
> > beyond which an RNT will not propagate, since you can have multiple PMLs
> > on the same RNT. (There needs to be a slight correction in our draft,
> > because
> > we say the PML sources the RNT. We need to clarify, that the last PML
> > on a merged working path is the one that sources the RNT.)
> >
> 	Multiple PMLs on the RNT scares me, as the granularity of repair and
> the number of "single points of failure" goes up. This also poses the
> interesting question which is are the information flows up the RNT
> sufficient to localize the failure

In support of your point earlier, I had agreed that multiple PMLs per RNT are
certainly possible in our scheme. It  may be that one would try to
minimize the number of PMLs on an RNT for reasons you mention, but that may
not always be possible (just because of the topology of the network).
Also, I  am not sure that you need fault isolation simply because you have multiple
PMLs on a given RNT. In any case, the RNT does allow for only those PSLs
affected by a fault to be informed, so in that sense, there is "fault isolation."

> I have to admit that to me, by
> definition, an RNT is scoped to providing protection to a single LSP tree
> within a single domain. Otherwise the plurality of failure scenarios is
> overwhelming.

Certainly, confining the RNT mechanism to a single domain makes things
simpler. Although, nothing in the mechanism precludes it from spanning
multiple domains.

>
> 	In general I still see no reason for the RNT root to also be a PML.
> I just don't see the PML as an explicit entity that is tied to the
> granularity of the FEC, nor explicitly localized at the egress point of the
> protected domain. It is somthing that will happen naturally regardless....

I agree, and add that I don't think there was an implication that the PML be
explicitly localized at the egress point of an IGP or MPLS domain (I am
not sure what you mean by the protected domain. Note that our definition
of a protection domain is something entirely different.)


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 14 20:55:26 2000
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Hi,

My name is Diego and I want to know if there is the
draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt
already avaliable and where I could get it.

(I've got the draft-ietf-mpls-arch-06.txt by Rosen, Viswanathan and
Callon)

Thanks a lot.





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Sat Apr 15 03:09:52 2000
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From: manikantan <manis@future.futsoft.com>
To: "'Eduardo Otero'" <eduotero@worldonline.es>, "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: Looking for draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt
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Hello Diego

Draft-07 has not yet been released to my knowledge.

My understanding is that the draft-06 is in the process of becoming an "RFC" hence draft 07 will not be there.

thanks
mani

-----Original Message-----
From:	Eduardo Otero [SMTP:eduotero@worldonline.es]
Sent:	Saturday, April 15, 2000 6:18 AM
To:	mpls@uu.net
Subject:	Looking for draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt

Hi,

My name is Diego and I want to know if there is the
draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt
already avaliable and where I could get it.

(I've got the draft-ietf-mpls-arch-06.txt by Rosen, Viswanathan and
Callon)

Thanks a lot.




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 17 05:33:20 2000
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Date: Mon, 17 Apr 2000 11:29:36 +0200
From: Guillaume TRICHARD <g.trichard@nettest.fr>
Organization: GN Nettest France
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I am realizing a study about MPLS : technical aspects, advantages,
status, etc.
As a new member on this mailing list, I would very pleased if you can
e-mail me some information.

Thx

Guillaume
GN Nettest France



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 17 06:39:41 2000
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From: manikantan <manis@future.futsoft.com>
To: "'Guillaume TRICHARD'" <g.trichard@nettest.fr>,
        "mpls@uu.net"
	 <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: MPLS Study
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hi

Please look at "The MPLS Resource centre" http:\\www.mplsrc.com  for more info

mani

-----Original Message-----
From:	Guillaume TRICHARD [SMTP:g.trichard@nettest.fr]
Sent:	Monday, April 17, 2000 3:00 PM
To:	mpls@uu.net
Subject:	MPLS Study

I am realizing a study about MPLS : technical aspects, advantages,
status, etc.
As a new member on this mailing list, I would very pleased if you can
e-mail me some information.

Thx

Guillaume
GN Nettest France


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 17 10:47:59 2000
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Date: Mon, 17 Apr 2000 10:44:42 -0400
From: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
Organization: Nortel Networks
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To: mpls <mpls@UU.NET>, "Bilel Jamoussi" <jamoussi@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: Re: cr-ldp
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ashish wrote:
> 
> Hi Everybody,
> I have few queries regarding CR-LDP draft : draft-ietf-mpls-crldp-03.txt .
> 1. In traffic parameter TLV, there are 3 fields:
>   a. PBS : Peak Burst Size
>   b. CBS : Committed Burst Size
>   c. EBS : Excess Burst Size
>  Whats the relation between these .

   Bilel can answer these better than I but he's been off sick. 
I'll ask him to post something when he gets a chance.

> 2. In Resource Class TLV, its said there are 32 administrative groups or colors of Resources.
> Is there any document or draft explaining these Resource Classes.
> I have checked
> a)cr-ldp draft and
> b)RFC -2702 - requirements for Traffic Enggineering over MPLS.
> But there is not much detail regarding Resource Classes and how Resources are classified into 32 Resource Classes.
> Are these Resource Classes Implementation Dependent or there are some standards for these.

   The resource classes are intended to be a generic set of properties that can be compared against a
generic set of constraints. The idea is that you do not need to know (on a global basis) what these 
individual bits mean. Within an administrative domain, the network operator will decide what 
each bit means and assign them accordingly. 

   For example: 

       Let's say you want to assign bit #4 to mean "protected link". You would then go round
your network and when provisioning links which have some kind of physical protection, you would
set bit $4 in the Resource Class vector. This would then cause this bit to be propogated around.

       Now, when you want to establish a CR-LSP which only traverses "protected links" you simply
remove all links which do not have bit#4 set, in addition to those that do not have the required
bandwidth, and then run Dijkstra over the remaining topology.

       If one of your neighbouring systems uses a different bit to mean "protected" then either
you have to map one to the other, or, simply not honor his request.

    Aside:

        We did actually propose having common meanings for 1/2 the bit vector so that it would
be less likely that we would have boundary inconsistencies later but we were beaten into
submission ;)

    Cheers,

    Peter Ashwood-Smith


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From: "David Allan" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com, "'mpls@uu.net'" <mpls@UU.NET>
Cc: "Srinivas Makam (E-mail)" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "Chang Huang (E-mail)" <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
        "Ken Owens (E-mail)" <ken.owens@tellabs.com>
Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
Date: Mon, 17 Apr 2000 11:40:25 -0400
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Vishal:

	<snip>

> I am not sure why you call it a "scalability hit". The RNT mechanism
> cannot
> be any worse than having one backup LSP per working LSP.
> Also, how do you get (n+1)^2 meshing (and what is "n")?
> In general if the backup paths form trees, you get savings.
> 
	My concern is not with the RNT mechanism. It is more with the
construction of useful working and protection paths that are:
	- physically diverse
	- optimal   
	That concern is not specific to your proposal.

	<snip>

> First, I am not sure how you define a protection domain (and whether that
> definition is the
> same as the one we use in our draft).
> 
	Ultimately the problem I have is with the definition of protected
domain. It limits the protection domain to being a set of LSRs with an
explicitly identifed PSL and PML, which I take to mean it is a contiguous
MPLS cloud or some administrative subset which has single egress point
(which may be an artificial limitation). The statement that the PSL and PML
are identified during the setting up of an LSP also bounds the granularity
of the merge function to being that of the FEC that the LSP is set up to
forward. I find this limiting.

	So why is there an explicit merge function inside the MPLS cloud?
The whole network will not be MPLS, therefore merge can be deferred further
towards the edge of the network and increased reliability can be obtained if
the protection domain extends beyond MPLS domain. Where the merge function
occurs for a specific packet will not be known to the PSL at LSP setup as it
is a function of overall network state ands that's OK. How packets at some
point downstream end up back on a common routing to a host doesn't have to
happen at the granularity of the LSP originated at the PSL and may not
happen until a true single point of attachment to the network is reached
many hops beyond the edge of the MPLS cloud. 

	If such a thing as the PML existed, then the PML would have to
promiscuously accept packets from both the working and backup trees anyway
as not all failures in a tree would be propagated to all PSLs. So it is
really nothing more than an LSR which "by convention" stuff has to pass
through. It may anchor a RNT for livliness messaging for each tree that ends
there (which functionally can be disassociated from a promiscuous merge
function as there is no reason that fast failure detection needs common
state between working and protection paths either except at the PSL). What
that means to me is that there is a "single point of failure" (the "per LSP"
PML) which could be avoided "by convention" as well by allowing multiple
points of egress from the MPLS protected domain (which is a subset of the
network protected domain).

	As much as we would like a tidy, administrable and measurable
definition of how far protection extended, IMHO the network would be more
reliable if we didn't cap the definition of protected domain as being wholly
within MPLS. 

	regards
	Dave



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<TITLE>RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments</TITLE>
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<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Vishal:</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I am not sure why you call it a =
&quot;scalability hit&quot;. The RNT mechanism cannot</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">be any worse than having one backup =
LSP per working LSP.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Also, how do you get (n+1)^2 meshing =
(and what is &quot;n&quot;)?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">In general if the backup paths form =
trees, you get savings.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">My concern is not =
with the RNT mechanism. It is more with the construction of useful =
working and protection paths that are:</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">- physically =
diverse</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">- =
optimal&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">That concern is not =
specific to your proposal.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">First, I am not sure how you define a =
protection domain (and whether that definition is the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">same as the one we use in our =
draft).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Ultimately the =
problem I have is with the definition of protected domain. It limits =
the protection domain to being a set of LSRs with an explicitly =
identifed PSL and PML, which I take to mean it is a contiguous&nbsp; =
MPLS cloud or some administrative subset which has single egress point =
(which may be an artificial limitation). The statement that the PSL and =
PML are identified during the setting up of an LSP also bounds the =
granularity of the merge function to being that of the FEC that the LSP =
is set up to forward. I find this limiting.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">So why is there an =
explicit merge function inside the MPLS cloud? The whole network will =
not be MPLS, therefore merge can be deferred further towards the edge =
of the network and increased reliability can be obtained if the =
protection domain extends beyond MPLS domain. Where the merge function =
occurs for a specific packet will not be known to the PSL at LSP setup =
as it is a function of overall network state ands that's OK. How =
packets at some point downstream end up back on a common routing to a =
host doesn't have to happen at the granularity of the LSP originated at =
the PSL and may not happen until a true single point of attachment to =
the network is reached many hops beyond the edge of the MPLS cloud. =
</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">If such a thing as =
the PML existed, then the PML would have to promiscuously accept =
packets from both the working and backup trees anyway as not all =
failures in a tree would be propagated to all PSLs. So it is really =
nothing more than an LSR which &quot;by convention&quot; stuff has to =
pass through. It may anchor a RNT for livliness messaging for each tree =
that ends there (which functionally can be disassociated from a =
promiscuous merge function as there is no reason that fast failure =
detection needs common state between working and protection paths =
either except at the PSL). What that means to me is that there is a =
&quot;single point of failure&quot; (the &quot;per LSP&quot; PML) which =
could be avoided &quot;by convention&quot; as well by allowing multiple =
points of egress from the MPLS protected domain (which is a subset of =
the network protected domain).</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">As much as we would =
like a tidy, administrable and measurable definition of how far =
protection extended, IMHO the network would be more reliable if we didn'=
t cap the definition of protected domain as being wholly within MPLS. =
</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">regards</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
</UL>
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 17 23:45:55 2000
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From: "Nava.Zvaig" <NZvaig@adtech-inc.com>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: sender template and filter spec
Date: Mon, 17 Apr 2000 17:45:02 -1000
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A question regarding RSVP:

Sender descriptor in a Path message is optional, which means that the sender
IP address (in sender template) may not be included.  Flow descriptor list
in a Resv message is required and so is its filter spec.  So, how does the
egress determine the filter spec if sender descriptor is not included?

TIA,
Nava

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>A question regarding RSVP:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Sender descriptor in a Path message is optional, =
which means that the sender IP address (in sender template) may not be =
included.&nbsp; Flow descriptor list in a Resv message is required and =
so is its filter spec.&nbsp; So, how does the egress determine the =
filter spec if sender descriptor is not included?</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>TIA,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>Nava</FONT>
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From: Hummel Heinrich <Heinrich.Hummel@icn.siemens.de>
To: "'mpls@UU.NET'" <mpls@UU.NET>, "'te-wg@UU.NET'" <te-wg@UU.NET>
Subject:  Internet Draft Submission: Orchestrally Conducted Traffic
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> Hi all,
> 
> I emailed draft-hummel-te-oct-02.txt to internet-drafts@ietf.org.
> I  repaired  the main mistake of the previous draft: The draft now deals
> with entire traffic loads, not with traffic load changes/deltas.
	It is in compliance with my presentation given in Adelaide.
> I appreciate any comment on this topic.
> 
> Regards
> 
> Heinrich Hummel
> Siemens AG
> heinrich.hummel@icn.siemens.de



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From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
To: "'dallan@nortelnetworks.com'" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "mpls@uu.net"
	 <mpls@UU.NET>
Cc: "Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com" <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
        "Ken.Owens@tellabs.com" <Ken.Owens@tellabs.com>
Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2000 11:30:09 -0400
Organization: Tellabs Research Center
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David,

Thanks for the observations. Comments below.

-Vishal

On Monday, April 17, 2000 11:40 AM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com] 
wrote:


> > I am not sure why you call it a "scalability hit". The RNT mechanism
> > cannot
> > be any worse than having one backup LSP per working LSP.
> > Also, how do you get (n+1)^2 meshing (and what is "n")?
> > In general if the backup paths form trees, you get savings.
> >
> 	My concern is not with the RNT mechanism. It is more with the
> construction of useful working and protection paths that are:
> 	- physically diverse
> 	- optimal
> 	That concern is not specific to your proposal.

I'm glad you clarified that. As you rightly observe this is an issue with
any algorithm/intelligence that is used to compute the paths. However,
as I'd said earlier, we view the two as distinct problems. That is the
computation of the working and protection paths with the right characteristics
is independent of the mechanism used to perform fault detection, notification,
switchover, and switchback, and we are focusing on the latter.


> > First, I am not sure how you define a protection domain (and whether that
> > definition is the
> > same as the one we use in our draft).
> >
> 	Ultimately the problem I have is with the definition of protected
> domain. It limits the protection domain to being a set of LSRs with an
> explicitly identifed PSL and PML, which I take to mean it is a contiguous
> MPLS cloud or some administrative subset which has single egress point
> (which may be an artificial limitation).

No that is not how we have defined a protection domain. In our definition, a
"protection domain" is the union of the set of LSRs that lie on the working and
protection paths. This does not restrict them to lie in a single MPLS cloud,
or a single AS, or a single adminsitrative domain (or any subset of it). What
we are saying is that the working and protection paths must have a single
merge point (at some point along their path, possibly at the egress LSR), which
need not necessarily be in the same domain as the PSL.

As I stated earlier, although the most common interpretation of it might be
to refer to LSRs within a given AS or MPLS domain, the protection domain
is not restricted to lie within any such boundaries.

> The statement that the PSL and PML
> are identified during the setting up of an LSP also bounds the granularity
> of the merge function to being that of the FEC that the LSP is set up to
> forward. I find this limiting.

Ok, this I agree with (although see my question three points later).
But do you have any suggestion about alternatives that
we can incorporate into our mechanism?

> 	So why is there an explicit merge function inside the MPLS cloud?
> The whole network will not be MPLS, therefore merge can be deferred further
> towards the edge of the network and increased reliability can be obtained if
> the protection domain extends beyond MPLS domain.

Yes, absolutely right. As I've emphasized, nothing in the mechanism restricts
things to be within a single MPLS domain. If you could say what in our mechanism
makes you feel that the mechanism is restricted to a single MPLS cloud/domain, perhaps
we can try to rewrite that portion to correct this (since the mechanism, strictly speaking,
isn't restricted in that way).

> Where the merge function
> occurs for a specific packet will not be known to the PSL at LSP setup as it
> is a function of overall network state ands that's OK.

I don't agree with this. The intelligence/algorithm computing the working and alternate
paths will have to know where the traffic on the two paths merges (possibly based on
network topology and network state), but it will have to know that. If you don't know
where the protection path merges into the working path, how are you going to get
a viable protection scheme (unless one is doing merely local repair)?


> How packets at some
> point downstream end up back on a common routing to a host doesn't have to
> happen at the granularity of the LSP originated at the PSL and may not
> happen until a true single point of attachment to the network is reached
> many hops beyond the edge of the MPLS cloud.

As before, I agree that the merge may not happen at the granularity of the LSP, and
as before, I'd like to know if you have any alternative to the proposal we have (merging
at the granularity of the LSP (which could be a tunnel, btw), was a workable choice
that we used, which seems reasonable to us). In fact, I have some difficulty seeing the
value of not merging at the granularity of the LSP, when it is the LSP that one is protecting.

About the MPLS cloud bit, I think you seem to be making the assumption that our
mechanism is somehow restricted to a cloud, when it is not.


> 	If such a thing as the PML existed, then the PML would have to
> promiscuously accept packets from both the working and backup trees anyway
> as not all failures in a tree would be propagated to all PSLs. So it is
> really nothing more than an LSR which "by convention" stuff has to pass
> through.

Actually, it is an LSR that data gets merged at (and therefore, of course, it has to
accept packets from both the working and protection paths).

> It may anchor a RNT for livliness messaging for each tree that ends
> there (which functionally can be disassociated from a promiscuous merge
> function as there is no reason that fast failure detection needs common
> state between working and protection paths either except at the PSL). What
> that means to me is that there is a "single point of failure" (the "per LSP"
> PML) which could be avoided "by convention" as well by allowing multiple
> points of egress from the MPLS protected domain (which is a subset of the
> network protected domain).

Again, you seem to be drumming home the point about a single MPLS domain,
whereas as I've pointed out numerous times, the mechanism is not restricted
to a single domain, hence there is no "single point of failure" in your sense.
There is of course, a single point of failure at the point at which the working
and protection paths merge, and this is unaviodable (except perhaps by
redundancy within the LSR that is the merge point or PML).

> 	As much as we would like a tidy, administrable and measurable
> definition of how far protection extended, IMHO the network would be more
> reliable if we didn't cap the definition of protected domain as being wholly
> within MPLS.

Agreed, but we aren't capping the definition that way! (As nearly as I can tell,
you're making that *assumption* about our mechanism! :-))


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 18 13:16:59 2000
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To: Eduardo Otero <eduotero@worldonline.es>
cc: mpls@UU.NET, swallow@cisco.com
Subject: Re: Looking for draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Sat, 15 Apr 2000 02:48:16 +0200."
             <38F7BC4F.E68551D4@worldonline.es> 
Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2000 13:15:59 -0400
From: George Swallow <swallow@cisco.com>
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The -06 draft is still the latest.  Even though expired, it is still
up on the server.  Hopefully it will be published as an RFC soon.

...George

==================================================================
George Swallow       Cisco Systems                   (978) 244-8143
                     250 Apollo Drive
                     Chelmsford, Ma 01824



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 18 13:27:33 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
To: George Swallow <swallow@cisco.com>,
        Eduardo Otero
	 <eduotero@worldonline.es>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Looking for draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt 
Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2000 13:25:50 -0400
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The arch-06, in section 3.25.2, bullet 2
mentions a label stack encoding scheme for use
on ATM interfaces by which the VPI is used
to encode the top level label while the 
VCI encodes the next level down the stack.

This scheme might be very problematic when
BGP/RSVP are used for distributing label stacks.


I've sent a few questions to the list regarding this,
with no response.

In private communications there was some aggrement that
the lack of clear understanding on the smeantics
of label stacks would be a big interoperability
probelm.

Before issuing the Arch as an RFC, it would be 
very prudent to verify that this encoding 
method does not conflict with other drafts. And if
it does, remove it from the Arch.


Andi.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: George Swallow [mailto:swallow@cisco.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2000 1:16 PM
> To: Eduardo Otero
> Cc: mpls@UU.NET; swallow@cisco.com
> Subject: Re: Looking for draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt 
> 
> 
> The -06 draft is still the latest.  Even though expired, it is still
> up on the server.  Hopefully it will be published as an RFC soon.
> 
> ...George
> 
> ==================================================================
> George Swallow       Cisco Systems                   (978) 244-8143
>                      250 Apollo Drive
>                      Chelmsford, Ma 01824
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 18 13:37:25 2000
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From: "Abes, Andi" <aabes@quarrytech.com>
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Subject: Looking for draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt 
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The arch-06, in section 3.25.2, bullet 2
mentions a label stack encoding scheme for use
on ATM interfaces by which the VPI is used
to encode the top level label while the 
VCI encodes the next level down the stack.

This scheme might be very problematic when
BGP/RSVP are used for distributing label stacks.


I've sent a few questions to the list regarding this,
with no response.

In private communications there was some aggrement that
the lack of clear understanding on the smeantics
of label stacks would be a big interoperability
probelm.

Before issuing the Arch as an RFC, it would be 
very prudent to verify that this encoding 
method does not conflict with other drafts. And if
it does, remove it from the Arch.


Andi.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: George Swallow [mailto:swallow@cisco.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2000 1:16 PM
> To: Eduardo Otero
> Cc: mpls@UU.NET; swallow@cisco.com
> Subject: Re: Looking for draft-ietf-mpls-arch-07.txt 
> 
> 
> The -06 draft is still the latest.  Even though expired, it is still
> up on the server.  Hopefully it will be published as an RFC soon.
> 
> ...George
> 
> ==================================================================
> George Swallow       Cisco Systems                   (978) 244-8143
>                      250 Apollo Drive
>                      Chelmsford, Ma 01824
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 18 15:01:12 2000
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Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2000 16:03:30 -0300
From: Daniela Cunha <daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br>
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Hi,

Do you have any comparison between these two technologies?? Or do you
have a paper, link, or something where I can get some information
related to a real MPLS DS network implementation?

That's because I am using a simulator in my study and I am supposed to
have some real results from the combination of these two technologies so

I can guarantee that the simulator I am using is running correctly.

If you don't have, do you know anyone I can talk to so I can get this
information??

Thank you
Daniela Cunha




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 18 16:22:14 2000
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Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2000 16:08:41 -0400
From: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET, Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.txt
Message-ID: <20000418160841.B18026@uu.net>
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Dimitry,

Thank you for the comments. Apologies for the late
response...

Yes, it's perhaps best to replace the term "session" 
with "flow"  in the text under reference, to eliminate
the terminological nit which you identified. Please let 
me know if this addresses your concerns.

From a functional viewpoint, this is of course inconsequential.

Regards,
/Dan


On Mon, Apr 10, 2000 at 03:05:04PM -0400, Dimitry Haskin wrote:
> The last paragraph on Page 3: 
> 
> ...  To be definite, in the original RSVP protocol [3], a session 
> was defined as a data flow with a particular destination and 
> transport layer protocol.  In the RSVP-TE specification, however, a 
> session is implicitly defined as the set of packets that are assigned 
> the same MPLS label value at the originating node of an LSP-tunnel. 
>  
> 
> I believe there is an issue with the RSVP-TE session definition in the above
> statement.  To my reading, nowhere the RSVP-TE draft  implies that a set of
> packets have to be assigned the same MPLS label at the originating node in
> order to constitute a session. (If my reading is incorrect, then I've an
> issue with the RSVP-TE spec.) Moreover, Section 2.5 (Rerouting LSP Tunnels)
> of the RSVP-TE specification seems to clearly imply that multiple LSPs can
> belong to a single session. Another example where multiple LSPs belonging to
> the same RSVP session can originate at the same note is a load sharing
> multipath tunnel between ingress and egress LSRs.  In summary, this at the
> first glance an insignificant matter has significant implementation
> implications. 
>  
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 
> Dimitry Haskin 
> Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems 
>  


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 18 16:46:38 2000
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Message-ID: <01BFA956.01EA7F10.Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
To: "'dallan@nortelnetworks.com'" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "mpls@uu.net"
	 <mpls@UU.NET>
Cc: "Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com" <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
        "Ken.Owens@tellabs.com" <Ken.Owens@tellabs.com>,
        "Ben Mack-Crane (E-mail)" <Ben.Mack-Crane@tellabs.fi>
Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2000 16:49:03 -0400
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Hi Dave,

This is a follow-up to my earlier response to your email. After internally discussing
your point about the PML being an artificial restriction and the possibility
of multiple exit points out of an MPLS domain, we think
we understand what you were saying, but think that implementing that
may require stretching an MPLS-based solution (which was our goal)
a bit, since it may require information beyond what is easily available
to MPLS. This was one reason we had not expanded our initial solution
to include such cases.

However, your point is a valid one, and we'd like to explore to what extent
such alternatives can be incorporated into an MPLS-based recovery
mechanism such as ours. One of my colleagues, Ben Mack-Crane, who I believe
understands your point best, will be sending out an email explaining
what we think your point was, and we'd appreciate receving your feedback
on whether we've captured it right, and other follow-up thoughts.

Regards,
-Vishal

On Monday, April 17, 2000 11:40 AM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com] 
wrote:
> Vishal:
>
> 	<snip>
>
> > I am not sure why you call it a "scalability hit". The RNT mechanism
> > cannot
> > be any worse than having one backup LSP per working LSP.
> > Also, how do you get (n+1)^2 meshing (and what is "n")?
> > In general if the backup paths form trees, you get savings.
> >
> 	My concern is not with the RNT mechanism. It is more with the
> construction of useful working and protection paths that are:
> 	- physically diverse
> 	- optimal
> 	That concern is not specific to your proposal.
>
> 	<snip>
>
> > First, I am not sure how you define a protection domain (and whether that
> > definition is the
> > same as the one we use in our draft).
> >
> 	Ultimately the problem I have is with the definition of protected
> domain. It limits the protection domain to being a set of LSRs with an
> explicitly identifed PSL and PML, which I take to mean it is a contiguous
> MPLS cloud or some administrative subset which has single egress point
> (which may be an artificial limitation). The statement that the PSL and PML
> are identified during the setting up of an LSP also bounds the granularity
> of the merge function to being that of the FEC that the LSP is set up to
> forward. I find this limiting.
>
> 	So why is there an explicit merge function inside the MPLS cloud?
> The whole network will not be MPLS, therefore merge can be deferred further
> towards the edge of the network and increased reliability can be obtained if
> the protection domain extends beyond MPLS domain. Where the merge function
> occurs for a specific packet will not be known to the PSL at LSP setup as it
> is a function of overall network state ands that's OK. How packets at some
> point downstream end up back on a common routing to a host doesn't have to
> happen at the granularity of the LSP originated at the PSL and may not
> happen until a true single point of attachment to the network is reached
> many hops beyond the edge of the MPLS cloud.
>
> 	If such a thing as the PML existed, then the PML would have to
> promiscuously accept packets from both the working and backup trees anyway
> as not all failures in a tree would be propagated to all PSLs. So it is
> really nothing more than an LSR which "by convention" stuff has to pass
> through. It may anchor a RNT for livliness messaging for each tree that ends
> there (which functionally can be disassociated from a promiscuous merge
> function as there is no reason that fast failure detection needs common
> state between working and protection paths either except at the PSL). What
> that means to me is that there is a "single point of failure" (the "per LSP"
> PML) which could be avoided "by convention" as well by allowing multiple
> points of egress from the MPLS protected domain (which is a subset of the
> network protected domain).
>
> 	As much as we would like a tidy, administrable and measurable
> definition of how far protection extended, IMHO the network would be more
> reliable if we didn't cap the definition of protected domain as being wholly
> within MPLS.
>
> 	regards
> 	Dave
>
>
>  << File: ATT00000.html >> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 18 18:53:53 2000
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Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2000 17:44:59 -0500
From: Ben Mack-Crane <Ben.Mack-Crane@tellabs.com>
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        Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com, Ken.Owens@tellabs.com,
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Hi Dave,

You are correct in noting that the PML is limiting, as
a single egress point for the MPLS protection domain;
however, removing this limitation requires some knowledge
beyond that necessarily held by the MPLS layer.

There are two extensions that I can think of based on your
comments (please let me know if I have misunderstood your
comments).

1) The working and recovery paths never merge as LSPs.
Instead, the recovery path terminates at an LER that is an
acceptable alternative to the LER terminating the working
path for the purpose of forwarding the FEC represented by
the working path.

In this case, the protection domain is still within a
contiguous MPLS cloud (which BTW implies nothing in particular 
about administrative domains).  The protection mechanism
still works with information available at the MPLS layer
(fault detection, protection actions, etc.).  However, selection
of the recovery path (outside the scope of this ID) requires
L3 knowledge to determine that the LER terminating the 
recovery path is acceptable.

In practice this may be an attractive option, although
some thought may be required to apply this in an end-to-end 
recovery design for other than best effort traffic.

2) The protection domain spans both MPLS hops and L3 hops.

Here the protection domain is not within a contiguous MPLS
cloud, and recovery within such a protection domain may be
complex.  Since the protection domain includes both MPLS and
L3 hops, fault detection and recovery actions may be significantly
different depending on where a fault occurs (and the protection
mechanism would require L3 knowledge in some cases).  It may 
be difficult to guarantee uniform recovery performance across 
the entire protection domain.  

The advantage of this broader definition of protection domain
is that it is not necessary to merge the traffic at arbitrary
boundaries (e.g., at LSP terminations, AS boundaries, etc.).
The complexity, however, makes this definition more difficult
to characterize, and makes defining a coherent protection 
mechanism harder.


Both of these extensions require some L3 knowledge, but the 
second is the only one that requires L3 knowledge in the 
protection mechanism itself.  The original mechanism was
intended to work entirely within the MPLS layer.  These
potential extensions would broaden the scope beyond MPLS,
at the cost of additional complexity.

Perhaps it is better to live with some limitations so that
the mechanism is simpler (there is some value in a "tidy, 
administrable and measurable definition of how far protection 
extended").  Thoughts?

Regards,
Ben Mack-Crane


Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com wrote:
> 
> Hi Dave,
> 
> This is a follow-up to my earlier response to your email. After internally
> discussing
> your point about the PML being an artificial restriction and the possibility
> of multiple exit points out of an MPLS domain, we think
> we understand what you were saying, but think that implementing that
> may require stretching an MPLS-based solution (which was our goal)
> a bit, since it may require information beyond what is easily available
> to MPLS. This was one reason we had not expanded our initial solution
> to include such cases.
> 
> However, your point is a valid one, and we'd like to explore to what extent
> such alternatives can be incorporated into an MPLS-based recovery
> mechanism such as ours. One of my colleagues, Ben Mack-Crane, who I believe
> understands your point best, will be sending out an email explaining
> what we think your point was, and we'd appreciate receving your feedback
> on whether we've captured it right, and other follow-up thoughts.
> 
> Regards,
> -Vishal
> 
> On Monday, April 17, 2000 11:40 AM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com
> [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com]
> wrote:
> > Vishal:
> >
> >    <snip>
> >
> > > I am not sure why you call it a "scalability hit". The RNT mechanism
> > > cannot
> > > be any worse than having one backup LSP per working LSP.
> > > Also, how do you get (n+1)^2 meshing (and what is "n")?
> > > In general if the backup paths form trees, you get savings.
> > >
> >    My concern is not with the RNT mechanism. It is more with the
> > construction of useful working and protection paths that are:
> >    - physically diverse
> >    - optimal
> >    That concern is not specific to your proposal.
> >
> >    <snip>
> >
> > > First, I am not sure how you define a protection domain (and whether that
> > > definition is the
> > > same as the one we use in our draft).
> > >
> >    Ultimately the problem I have is with the definition of protected
> > domain. It limits the protection domain to being a set of LSRs with an
> > explicitly identifed PSL and PML, which I take to mean it is a contiguous
> > MPLS cloud or some administrative subset which has single egress point
> > (which may be an artificial limitation). The statement that the PSL and PML
> > are identified during the setting up of an LSP also bounds the granularity
> > of the merge function to being that of the FEC that the LSP is set up to
> > forward. I find this limiting.
> >
> >    So why is there an explicit merge function inside the MPLS cloud?
> > The whole network will not be MPLS, therefore merge can be deferred further
> > towards the edge of the network and increased reliability can be obtained if
> > the protection domain extends beyond MPLS domain. Where the merge function
> > occurs for a specific packet will not be known to the PSL at LSP setup as it
> > is a function of overall network state ands that's OK. How packets at some
> > point downstream end up back on a common routing to a host doesn't have to
> > happen at the granularity of the LSP originated at the PSL and may not
> > happen until a true single point of attachment to the network is reached
> > many hops beyond the edge of the MPLS cloud.
> >
> >    If such a thing as the PML existed, then the PML would have to
> > promiscuously accept packets from both the working and backup trees anyway
> > as not all failures in a tree would be propagated to all PSLs. So it is
> > really nothing more than an LSR which "by convention" stuff has to pass
> > through. It may anchor a RNT for livliness messaging for each tree that ends
> > there (which functionally can be disassociated from a promiscuous merge
> > function as there is no reason that fast failure detection needs common
> > state between working and protection paths either except at the PSL). What
> > that means to me is that there is a "single point of failure" (the "per LSP"
> > PML) which could be avoided "by convention" as well by allowing multiple
> > points of egress from the MPLS protected domain (which is a subset of the
> > network protected domain).
> >
> >    As much as we would like a tidy, administrable and measurable
> > definition of how far protection extended, IMHO the network would be more
> > reliable if we didn't cap the definition of protected domain as being wholly
> > within MPLS.
> >
> >    regards
> >    Dave
> >
> >
> >  << File: ATT00000.html >>


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 18 19:20:11 2000
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From: Irwin Lazar <ILazar@tbg.com>
To: "'Daniela Cunha'" <daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: MPLS and DiffServ
Date: Tue, 18 Apr 2000 17:16:40 -0600
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I'm not sure if you'll find a comparison of the two since they are very much
complementary technologies.  However, please visit http://www.mplsrc.com/
for a collection of MPLS resources.

irwin

-----Original Message-----
From: Daniela Cunha [mailto:daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br]
Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2000 3:04 PM
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: MPLS and DiffServ


Hi,

Do you have any comparison between these two technologies?? Or do you
have a paper, link, or something where I can get some information
related to a real MPLS DS network implementation?

That's because I am using a simulator in my study and I am supposed to
have some real results from the combination of these two technologies so

I can guarantee that the simulator I am using is running correctly.

If you don't have, do you know anyone I can talk to so I can get this
information??

Thank you
Daniela Cunha



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 19 01:05:10 2000
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Date: Wed, 19 Apr 2000 00:01:35 -0500
From: Sanjeev Venkatrao <svenkatr@ind.alcatel.com>
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Subject: Re: MPLS and DiffServ
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There is a comparison of DIffServ and MPLS at the following link


http://www.data.com/issue/981121/quality.html

Sanjeev .V


Irwin Lazar wrote:

> I'm not sure if you'll find a comparison of the two since they are very much
> complementary technologies.  However, please visit http://www.mplsrc.com/
> for a collection of MPLS resources.
>
> irwin
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Daniela Cunha [mailto:daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2000 3:04 PM
> To: mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: MPLS and DiffServ
>
> Hi,
>
> Do you have any comparison between these two technologies?? Or do you
> have a paper, link, or something where I can get some information
> related to a real MPLS DS network implementation?
>
> That's because I am using a simulator in my study and I am supposed to
> have some real results from the combination of these two technologies so
>
> I can guarantee that the simulator I am using is running correctly.
>
> If you don't have, do you know anyone I can talk to so I can get this
> information??
>
> Thank you
> Daniela Cunha



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 19 04:59:55 2000
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From: Luca.Patrone@marconicomms.com
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Hello folks,
I have to make a study about MPLS protection switching.
Could anyone help me by telling me which are the IETF drafts dealing with this
topic?
I know that there are two drafts:
draft-theimer-mpls-oam-requ-00.txt
draft-makam-mpls-protection-00.txt
Are these the only ones? Which direction is IETF moving to about this topic?
I know there is also a draft Recommendation in progress by ITU-T Q6/SG13
(provisionally numbered Y.17oam). What about that?

Thanks to all in advance.
Cheers,
Luca.




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 19 07:15:49 2000
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Note - I have copied my response to the list since I am sure there will be
others out there, especially operators, who are thinking about OAM issues
that we need to address in MPLS.

Hi Luca,  You wrote 19 April 2000:

	I have to make a study about MPLS protection switching.
	Could anyone help me by telling me which are the IETF drafts dealing
with this
	topic?
	I know that there are two drafts:
	draft-theimer-mpls-oam-requ-00.txt
	draft-makam-mpls-protection-00.txt
	Are these the only ones? Which direction is IETF moving to about
this topic?
	I know there is also a draft Recommendation in progress by ITU-T
Q6/SG13
	(provisionally numbered Y.17oam). What about that?

Some colleagues and I in BT have been studying the OAM requirements for MPLS
and we are aware of the documents you mention above.  Additionally, I would
suggest you need to look at the following IDs (need to check if these are
latest versions):
(i)	draft-ietf-mpls-label-encaps-07.txt
(ii)	draft-owens-te-network-survivability-00.txt
(iii)	draft-chang-mpls-path-protection-00.txt
And as a good general summary of MPLS TE requirements:
(iv)	RFC2702

The ITU (SG13) have not started work on MPLS OAM requirements in earnest
yet, and the kick-off mtg on Y.17oam is scheduled for 26-30 June 2000 in
Ottawa.  In my opinion there are some fundamental problems with SG13's
previous OAM work for ATM (in I.610), and I would like to see better
solutions emerge for MPLS.  For example, there is no OAM tool to detect
certain misbranching defects (ie unintended instances of connectivity such
as swapped connections, mismerging, looping, etc.), the OAM tool to diagnose
misbranching is not completely reliable, the complexities of various CC/PM
OAM cells and their dependency on user-plane traffic activity make the
algorithms to define availablity state changes of trails too complex (and >8
years on are still unsolved), etc.  Hopefully, we can learn from these
'problems' and improve the OAM efficacy of MPLS.

However, to achieve this, our analysis to date has revealed some issues with
MPLS which we believe need addressing.  The 1st thing we ought to do is have
an agreed set of OAM requirements MPLS.  I have drafted such a set of
requirements (mainly for internal discussion at present), which I have
termed 'OAM principles'.  These draw on my experience with dealing with OAM
for other layer networks (and in particular ATM).   I am also already in
discussion with Vishal Sharma (one of the Tellabs authors of some of the
above IDs) on these matters.  I have re-produced the main points from the
OAM principles paper below for anyone else who is interested in this area:

Layer independence:	Each layer network must have its own OAM
functionality to detect failures and abnormal performance that is not
dependent on a specific server or client layer technology.  This is critical
to ensure that layer networks can evolve (or be removed) without impacting
other layer networks.

End-to-end (E2E) and per domain monitoring capability:	It should be
possible to simultaneously measure the E2E and per domain (a specific case
of subnetwork partitioning) performance.
Note - A key point about performance metrics (such as errored-PDUs,
lost-PDUs, PDU temporal arrival variance, etc) is that they are only
relevant when the 'connection' is in the Available State.  Therefore,
connectivity status is the primary in-service metric that must be identified
at all times.

Defects:	All the major defect conditions must be identified with
in-service measurable entry and exit criteria, and all consequent actions
specified.  If possible, the entry and exit criteria should be temporally
harmonised as far as possible to simplify defect state processing at trail
termination points.  Attention should be paid to relating the defect
entry/exit criteria to 'short-breaks', which are generally accepted as a 3-9
periods of gross signal disturbance from which the network may self-recover.
If the event lasts for >=10s this is the normally accepted threshold for
entering the Unavailable State - see next item.

Availability:	The most important performance metric of a trail (or a
subnetwork partition thereof) is availability.  It is therefore critical to
define the entry and exit criteria for the Available State and understand
how these relate to the stopping/starting of the aggregation of available
state performance metrics such as PDU loss (noting that this may be
effectively applied at an earlier point to preserve the integrity of the
available state metrics, eg after 3s say, which marks the onset of (at
least) a short-break).

Decoupling of user behaviour from connectivity assessment:	It is
critical to remove user traffic behaviour from connectivity assessment.  In
practical terms, this means decoupling user behaviour from all defect and
(the dependent) available state entry/exit criteria.

Forward and Backward Defect Indicators:	The node in the layer network which
detects a defect (sourced from within that layer) must apply a well-known
Forward Defect Indication (FDI).  In the majority of current WAN
technologies such a signal has been termed AIS (Alarm Indication Signal).
At the trail termination point (or, if applicable, any subnetwork
termination point) the FDI signal must (i) create a complimentary Backward
Defect Indication (BDI) (which is removed at the upstream trail (or
subnetwork) termination point) and (ii) map the FDI signal from the server
layer to the FDI signal of the client layer(s) as part of the adaptation
process.  The two primary purposes of the FDI are (i) to suppress downstream
and client layer alarms (so that there is not an 'alarm explosion' and so
Operations Personnel can correctly target the real defect location source),
and (ii) to allow correctly targeted restoration actions at the right
network layer (be this between different technology layers (eg SDH/ATM) or
within the same technology layers (eg ATM's VP and VC layers, or 'N' nested
MPLS layers).  Two secondary purposes of FDI (and indeed BDI) are (i) to
allow correct processing of available state performance metrics and (ii) to
inform the ultimate end-system/customer applications that the connection is
no longer functioning correctly and to take appropriate action, eg in the
case of voice perhaps mute the speech path.  From the preceding we should
note that, if possible, the FDI/BDI signals should provide information on
the defect location and type (such information is very useful to the lead
operator for many reasons).

Trail Trace:	A key characteristic of layer networks is that they must
have their own (within layer) globally unique addressing structure that
defines the layer network access points.  However, within the layer network
relative addressing may be used (which only has to be unique per interface)
as a mechanism to provide fast route forwarding of PDUs, eg VPI/VCI of ATM,
DLCI of FR, the 'label' of MPLS.  When relative addressing is used there is
danger of misbranching defects.  These cover a variety of connectivity
failures, including simple loss of continuity, swapped connections,
unintended merging, self-merging (ie routing loops), etc.  Unless detected
and corrected, the consequence of such defects can be very severe for an
operator, ranging from simple SLA availability violation through to more
serious security, censorship and misbilling implications.  The diagnosis (eg
detection and location) of such failures is difficult unless a globally
unique trail trace address is periodically transmitted (from trail source to
trail sink) to detect these failures.

Customers should not be used as defect detectors:		Wherever
possible, the OAM tools should not require that customers have to act as
failure detectors. 

OAM functionality under fault conditions:	Under fault conditions a
layer network cannot be expected to behave in a predictable manner.
Therefore care should be exercised when specifying and using OAM tools that
require a reliable layer network to function in a predicable manner for
fault diagnosis.

Based on the above principles I have drafted further papers which propose
solutions for MPLS.  However, I am not sure whether to publish these
solutions or not since they are dependent on certain changes to the current
MPLS specification.....and I am not sure if these could be accommodated.
For example:

To detect all the defect types that could occur in MPLS we need sort form of
LSP keepalive that contains an absolute trail source address and which is
periodically sent to the LSP trail termination.  But how do I differentiate
such an OAM keepalive pkt from the normal user-plane traffic?  The simplest
and most obvious way was if the MPLS header contained some form of payload
identifier field.  Assuming most of us agreed this was required, then 2
possibilties for this could be:
(i)	parse the 20 bit label field (into say a 16bit 'true' label and a
4bit 'payload ID' field);
(ii)	make some of the TTL codepoints reserved for a payload ID function.
The latter might be more palatable, especially noting that:
-	it is not clear to me that it makes architectural sense to 'guess' a
client number of IP hops in a lower layer network;
-	self-mismerging (eg due to routing loops) is only one type of
misbranching defect that can occur......the others (noted previously) don't
seem to have been recognised as yet, and so we have no OAM techniques to
deal with them.  Note that the IP layer does not have this issue since each
pkt contains an absolute source address which, by definition, protects
against such misbranching defects, and so only self-mismerging defects need
an additional detection mechanism via the TTL function.  However, if we sent
a keepalive containing a trail source addresses on the LSPs then we could
detect all the misbranching defect cases (including self-misbranching).

I will end at this point since I have have covered the main points I wanted
to bring to your attention.  However, there are other issues, such as 'how
to target the correct restoration level when LSPs are nested?' that need to
be considered at some stage.

Best regards, Neil	  








From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 19 10:04:24 2000
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Date: Wed, 19 Apr 2000 07:23:29 -0300
From: Daniela Cunha <daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br>
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Hi all,

I don't know if I was clear but I want to know if somebody has some
parameters of performance related to a MPLS/DS network model. I need
these parameters, so I can compare with the ones I will get from the
simulator. I appreciate if you can help me.

Thank you
Daniela Cunha




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 19 10:15:13 2000
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Hello !

I'm currently working on a study about MPLS and I would like to have
explanation
about some concepts.

If someone is ready to help me, here is the matter :

    I need to have a clear description of what is aggregation, merging
and tunneling.
    What are the differencies, how and where are these mechanisms
applied and what are they used for ?


Thanks in advance.
With Best Regards, Laurent Ciavaglia.

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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 19 10:54:50 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>, Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
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Dan,

Let me suggest the following text:

"To be definite, in the original RSVP protocol [3], a session 
was defined as a data flow with a particular destination and 
transport layer protocol.  In the RSVP-TE specification, however,
session is defined as the set of label switched packets with
a particular destination, tunnel id, and extended tunnel id."

From functional viewpoint the original text unnecessary narrows the scope of
the session with the implications related to the number of label switched
paths that can constitute a session as well as LSP merging capabilities. If
not for this implications, which I believe are quite consequential to the
RSVP-TE applicability, I would not raise the issue.

BTW, the RSVP-TE support of multipoint-to-point and split-path sessions as
well as related path merging could be a good topic for the RSVP-TE
applicability draft to help clear some haze around these issues.

Regards,
 Dimitry

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dimitry Haskin
Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Daniel Awduche [mailto:awduche@UU.NET]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2000 4:09 PM
> To: Dimitry Haskin
> Cc: mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
> Subject: Re: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.txt
> 
> 
> Dimitry,
> 
> Thank you for the comments. Apologies for the late
> response...
> 
> Yes, it's perhaps best to replace the term "session" 
> with "flow"  in the text under reference, to eliminate
> the terminological nit which you identified. Please let 
> me know if this addresses your concerns.
> 
> From a functional viewpoint, this is of course inconsequential.
> 
> Regards,
> /Dan
> 
> 
> On Mon, Apr 10, 2000 at 03:05:04PM -0400, Dimitry Haskin wrote:
> > The last paragraph on Page 3: 
> > 
> > ...  To be definite, in the original RSVP protocol [3], a session 
> > was defined as a data flow with a particular destination and 
> > transport layer protocol.  In the RSVP-TE specification, however, a 
> > session is implicitly defined as the set of packets that 
> are assigned 
> > the same MPLS label value at the originating node of an LSP-tunnel. 
> >  
> > 
> > I believe there is an issue with the RSVP-TE session 
> definition in the above
> > statement.  To my reading, nowhere the RSVP-TE draft  
> implies that a set of
> > packets have to be assigned the same MPLS label at the 
> originating node in
> > order to constitute a session. (If my reading is incorrect, 
> then I've an
> > issue with the RSVP-TE spec.) Moreover, Section 2.5 
> (Rerouting LSP Tunnels)
> > of the RSVP-TE specification seems to clearly imply that 
> multiple LSPs can
> > belong to a single session. Another example where multiple 
> LSPs belonging to
> > the same RSVP session can originate at the same note is a 
> load sharing
> > multipath tunnel between ingress and egress LSRs.  In 
> summary, this at the
> > first glance an insignificant matter has significant implementation
> > implications. 
> >  
> > 
> --------------------------------------------------------------
> -------- 
> > Dimitry Haskin 
> > Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems 
> >  
> 


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Message-ID: <01BFA9F0.42F1C7D0.Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
To: "'neil.2.harrison@bt.com'" <neil.2.harrison@bt.com>,
        "Luca.Patrone@marconicomms.com" <Luca.Patrone@marconicomms.com>,
        "mpls@UU.NET" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: MPLS protection switching
Date: Wed, 19 Apr 2000 11:13:15 -0400
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Hi Luca,

Perhaps in place of draft-makam-mpls-protection-00.txt (which is old, Oct.'99), you should look at 
the later
version of the draft:

(i) draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00.txt,
which merges some earlier drafts from Nortel, and some recommendations from ATT to produce a
more comprehensive document.

In addition, you may also want to look at
(ii) draft-shew-lsp-restoration-00.txt
(iii) draft-swallow-rsvp-bypass-label-00.txt.
(iv) draft-haskin-mpls-fast-reroute-03.txt.
All of these drafts are available from the IETF drafts directory, by title or author keyword
search.

In addition, you may also find it useful to look at some of the presentations made at
MPLS'2000 held in March. The details of the program are at:
http://www.upperside.fr/bamplsforum.htm
and some of the presentations are at
http://www.upperside.fr/mplsnew.htm

Regards,
-Vishal
On Wednesday, April 19, 2000 7:14 AM, neil.2.harrison@bt.com [SMTP:neil.2.harrison@bt.com] wrote:
> Note - I have copied my response to the list since I am sure there will be
> others out there, especially operators, who are thinking about OAM issues
> that we need to address in MPLS.
>
> Hi Luca,  You wrote 19 April 2000:
>
> 	I have to make a study about MPLS protection switching.
> 	Could anyone help me by telling me which are the IETF drafts dealing
> with this
> 	topic?
> 	I know that there are two drafts:
> 	draft-theimer-mpls-oam-requ-00.txt
> 	draft-makam-mpls-protection-00.txt
> 	Are these the only ones? Which direction is IETF moving to about
> this topic?
> 	I know there is also a draft Recommendation in progress by ITU-T
> Q6/SG13
> 	(provisionally numbered Y.17oam). What about that?
>
> Some colleagues and I in BT have been studying the OAM requirements for MPLS
> and we are aware of the documents you mention above.  Additionally, I would
> suggest you need to look at the following IDs (need to check if these are
> latest versions):
> (i)	draft-ietf-mpls-label-encaps-07.txt
> (ii)	draft-owens-te-network-survivability-00.txt
> (iii)	draft-chang-mpls-path-protection-00.txt
> And as a good general summary of MPLS TE requirements:
> (iv)	RFC2702
>
>


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 19 15:27:09 2000
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Date: Wed, 19 Apr 2000 12:25:04 -0700
To: Irwin Lazar <ILazar@tbg.com>
From: Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: MPLS and DiffServ
Cc: mpls@UU.NET, Sanjeev Venkatrao <svenkatr@ind.alcatel.com>
In-Reply-To: <38FD3DAE.8D10CDE3@ind.alcatel.com>
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Given the recent work on integrating MPLS and DiffServ, that article
is somewhat misleading. It lends the false impression that MPLS and
DiffServ are competing technologies, when they are entirely
complementary. See
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-diff-ext-04.txt

Jeremy Lawrence


At 00:01 04/19/2000 -0500, Sanjeev Venkatrao wrote:
>There is a comparison of DIffServ and MPLS at the following link
>
>
>http://www.data.com/issue/981121/quality.html
>
>Sanjeev .V
>
>
>Irwin Lazar wrote:
>
> > I'm not sure if you'll find a comparison of the two since they are very much
> > complementary technologies.  However, please visit http://www.mplsrc.com/
> > for a collection of MPLS resources.
> >
> > irwin
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Daniela Cunha [mailto:daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br]
> > Sent: Tuesday, April 18, 2000 3:04 PM
> > To: mpls@UU.NET
> > Subject: MPLS and DiffServ
> >
> > Hi,
> >
> > Do you have any comparison between these two technologies?? Or do you
> > have a paper, link, or something where I can get some information
> > related to a real MPLS DS network implementation?
> >
> > That's because I am using a simulator in my study and I am supposed to
> > have some real results from the combination of these two technologies so
> >
> > I can guarantee that the simulator I am using is running correctly.
> >
> > If you don't have, do you know anyone I can talk to so I can get this
> > information??
> >
> > Thank you
> > Daniela Cunha
>




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 19 20:31:16 2000
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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 02:23:57 +0200
From: Eduardo Otero <eduotero@worldonline.es>
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Subject: Monitoring a MPLS VPN.
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Hi,

I'm doing a project that consist in the implementation of a VPN based on
the
MPLS protocol and I want to know which is the best way to monitor a MPLS
VPN.

Thanks a lot.

Diego Otero.


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 03:58:01 2000
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From: "Andy Li" <ali@cisco.com>
To: "Eduardo Otero" <eduotero@worldonline.es>, <mpls@UU.NET>
References: <38FE4E1D.84A56E0B@worldonline.es>
Subject: Re: Monitoring a MPLS VPN.
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 03:57:20 -0700
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Try this

http://wwwin.cisco.com/WWSales/SE/design/uth/q100/sectionII/ 

  
----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Eduardo Otero" <eduotero@worldonline.es>
To: <mpls@UU.NET>
Sent: Wednesday, April 19, 2000 5:23 PM
Subject: Monitoring a MPLS VPN.


> Hi,
> 
> I'm doing a project that consist in the implementation of a VPN based on
> the
> MPLS protocol and I want to know which is the best way to monitor a MPLS
> VPN.
> 
> Thanks a lot.
> 
> Diego Otero.
> 
> 




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 11:15:30 2000
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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 17:15:43 +0200
From: Laurent Silvio Ciavaglia <Laurent.Ciavaglia@ms.alcatel.fr>
Organization: Alcatel CRC
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Hello everyone !

You might have received mails from me since yesterday, but I still need
to have some explanation about principles of MPLS.

Could someone explain me what is topology/data traffic based label
assignment or lead me to some drafts or information sources ?

Thanks in advance.
Best regards, Laurent Ciavaglia.

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Cc: Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com, mpls@UU.NET, Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com,
        Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com, Ken.Owens@tellabs.com,
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Ben:

Thanks for your comments. Rooting back through the other drafts, this
discussion should really be focused around the framework draft
<makam-mpls-recovery-frmwork-00>. To my mind the issue is whether MPLS is a
black box and the very worst manifestation of a failure is a 'x' msec.
interruption of packet flow out of a particular interface, OR whether we
allow "less specific" box behaviors such as the packets keep flowing out of
the box, but it may be a different interface. Seems to me that there are
cases for both.

	<snip>

> You are correct in noting that the PML is limiting, as
> a single egress point for the MPLS protection domain;
> however, removing this limitation requires some knowledge
> beyond that necessarily held by the MPLS layer.
> 
Yes, there would have to be a path diversity test combined with some
link-state knowledge of the over all network to ensure that the alternate
egress point was appropriate. 

> There are two extensions that I can think of based on your
> comments (please let me know if I have misunderstood your
> comments).
> 
> 1) The working and recovery paths never merge as LSPs.
> Instead, the recovery path terminates at an LER that is an
> acceptable alternative to the LER terminating the working
> path for the purpose of forwarding the FEC represented by
> the working path.
> 
> In this case, the protection domain is still within a
> contiguous MPLS cloud 
> 
	Effectively yes. We have not discussed fast failure detection,
propagation, and pre-planned alternate route mechanisms outside the MPLS
space. 

> (which BTW implies nothing in particular 
> about administrative domains).  
> 
	Agreed, however such things MAY exist, such as intercarrier
boundaries inside a contiguous MPLS space. That would be my only
observation. The boundary MAY not be technical and in the real world that is
what frequently happens. If there is some form of pre-emption, then it is
also useful to constrain the space to minimize the amount of traffic
distrupted.

> The protection mechanism
> still works with information available at the MPLS layer
> (fault detection, protection actions, etc.).  However, selection
> of the recovery path (outside the scope of this ID) requires
> L3 knowledge to determine that the LER terminating the 
> recovery path is acceptable.
> 
	I would broaden the definition as selection suggests to me explicit
routing, whereas increasing the reliabilty of implicit path construction
would imply intelligent pruning of options. To a certain extent,
conservative label retention in an implicit case implies some knowledge of
which LSPs would be more optimal than others, and sufficient information
should be available at the overall L3 layer (not just MPLS topolocy) to make
that determination.

> In practice this may be an attractive option, although
> some thought may be required to apply this in an end-to-end 
> recovery design for other than best effort traffic.
> 
	Yes, bang on!, to my mind there is two goals to this effort in
general. First is providing explicit recovery mechanisms for specific flows
that require specific service guaratees, and second is raising the
reliability bar overall. You're correct in identifying best effort, as e2e
RSVP reservations carried through such an "LSP tunnel" require explicit
black box behaviour to avoid the interruption of re-routing on a protection
switch (or establishing a new "deaggregator"). That is NOT the scenario that
I think a non-PML solution adds value to.

> 2) The protection domain spans both MPLS hops and L3 hops.
> 
	Not sure how this really differs from '1' except the suggestion that
there are fast non-MPLS restoration mechanisms which require some overall
coordination.

> Here the protection domain is not within a contiguous MPLS
> cloud, and recovery within such a protection domain may be
> complex.  Since the protection domain includes both MPLS and
> L3 hops, fault detection and recovery actions may be significantly
> different depending on where a fault occurs (and the protection
> mechanism would require L3 knowledge in some cases).  It may 
> be difficult to guarantee uniform recovery performance across 
> the entire protection domain.  
> 
> 
	I think in general it is easiest to think of this as concatenated
protection domains with redundancy at the domain boundary. Ultimately it is
a form of "Per-Hop Protection" ;-)  as the lack of uniformity of mechanisms
makes explicit guarantees difficult but the performance is the best the
overall network can do. If we stick to that definition then there is really
no difference between 1 and 2. 

> The advantage of this broader definition of protection domain
> is that it is not necessary to merge the traffic at arbitrary
> boundaries (e.g., at LSP terminations, AS boundaries, etc.).
> The complexity, however, makes this definition more difficult
> to characterize, and makes defining a coherent protection 
> mechanism harder.
> 
> 
> Both of these extensions require some L3 knowledge, but the 
> second is the only one that requires L3 knowledge in the 
> protection mechanism itself.  The original mechanism was
> intended to work entirely within the MPLS layer.  These
> potential extensions would broaden the scope beyond MPLS,
> at the cost of additional complexity.
> 
	If I get your inference, you assume that a non-MPLS protection
mechanism requires some type of resource reservation.

> Perhaps it is better to live with some limitations so that
> the mechanism is simpler (there is some value in a "tidy, 
> administrable and measurable definition of how far protection 
> extended").  Thoughts?
> 
	My summary would be:

	1) We need to clarify overall the goals of MPLS restoration. Is it
explicit black box behavior or are we seeking a broader base of solutions
that dovetail into the overall network. If we are discussing a broader base,
then a 1:1 or n:1 non-"lsp merging" solution has applicability. If we are
"black box" only as it works for all style of protections (1+1, n:1, 1:1),
all styles of traffic (best effort, diffserv and RSVP pinnned route) and is
measuable, then we'll have to tolerate less optimal e2e routing and topology
to get that. Personally, I'd like a bigger toolbox.

	2) I don't think we need to overload the recovery space by expanding
the protected domain beyond MPLS, only acknowledge that we may concatenate
protection mechanisms, they function autonomously, and may have multiple
points of attachment. Coordination of protection across multiple transport
technologies is out of scope if we are to make progress.

	cheers
	Dave



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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
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<TITLE>RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Ben:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Thanks for your =
comments. Rooting back through the other drafts, this discussion should =
really be focused around the framework draft =
&lt;makam-mpls-recovery-frmwork-00&gt;. To my mind the issue is whether =
MPLS is a black box and the very worst manifestation of a failure is a =
'x' msec. interruption of packet flow out of a particular interface, OR =
whether we allow &quot;less specific&quot; box behaviors such as the =
packets keep flowing out of the box, but it may be a different =
interface. Seems to me that there are cases for both.</FONT></P>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">You are correct in noting that the PML =
is limiting, as</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">a single egress point for the MPLS =
protection domain;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">however, removing this limitation =
requires some knowledge</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">beyond that necessarily held by the =
MPLS layer.</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Yes, there would =
have to be a path diversity test combined with some link-state =
knowledge of the over all network to ensure that the alternate egress =
point was appropriate. </FONT></P>
<UL>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">There are two extensions that I can =
think of based on your</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">comments (please let me know if I =
have misunderstood your</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">comments).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">1) The working and recovery paths =
never merge as LSPs.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Instead, the recovery path terminates =
at an LER that is an</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">acceptable alternative to the LER =
terminating the working</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">path for the purpose of forwarding =
the FEC represented by</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">the working path.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">In this case, the protection domain is =
still within a</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">contiguous MPLS cloud</FONT>=20
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Effectively yes. We =
have not discussed fast failure detection, propagation, and pre-planned =
alternate route mechanisms outside the MPLS space. </FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">(which BTW implies nothing in =
particular </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">about administrative =
domains).&nbsp;</FONT>=20
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Agreed, however such =
things MAY exist, such as intercarrier boundaries inside a contiguous =
MPLS space. That would be my only observation. The boundary MAY not be =
technical and in the real world that is what frequently happens. If =
there is some form of pre-emption, then it is also useful to constrain =
the space to minimize the amount of traffic distrupted.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">The protection mechanism</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">still works with information =
available at the MPLS layer</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">(fault detection, protection actions, =
etc.).&nbsp; However, selection</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">of the recovery path (outside the =
scope of this ID) requires</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">L3 knowledge to determine that the =
LER terminating the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">recovery path is acceptable.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I would broaden the =
definition as selection suggests to me explicit routing, whereas =
increasing the reliabilty of implicit path construction would imply =
intelligent pruning of options. To a certain extent, conservative label =
retention in an implicit case implies some knowledge of which LSPs =
would be more optimal than others, and sufficient information should be =
available at the overall L3 layer (not just MPLS topolocy) to make that =
determination.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">In practice this may be an attractive =
option, although</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">some thought may be required to apply =
this in an end-to-end </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">recovery design for other than best =
effort traffic.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Yes, bang on!, to my =
mind there is two goals to this effort in general. First is providing =
explicit recovery mechanisms for specific flows that require specific =
service guaratees, and second is raising the reliability bar overall. =
You're correct in identifying best effort, as e2e RSVP reservations =
carried through such an &quot;LSP tunnel&quot; require explicit black =
box behaviour to avoid the interruption of re-routing on a protection =
switch (or establishing a new &quot;deaggregator&quot;). That is NOT =
the scenario that I think a non-PML solution adds value to.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">2) The protection domain spans both =
MPLS hops and L3 hops.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Not sure how this =
really differs from '1' except the suggestion that there are fast =
non-MPLS restoration mechanisms which require some overall =
coordination.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Here the protection domain is not =
within a contiguous MPLS</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">cloud, and recovery within such a =
protection domain may be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">complex.&nbsp; Since the protection =
domain includes both MPLS and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">L3 hops, fault detection and recovery =
actions may be significantly</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">different depending on where a fault =
occurs (and the protection</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">mechanism would require L3 knowledge =
in some cases).&nbsp; It may </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">be difficult to guarantee uniform =
recovery performance across </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">the entire protection =
domain.&nbsp;</FONT>=20
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I think in general =
it is easiest to think of this as concatenated protection domains with =
redundancy at the domain boundary. Ultimately it is a form of =
&quot;Per-Hop Protection&quot; ;-)&nbsp; as the lack of uniformity of =
mechanisms makes explicit guarantees difficult but the performance is =
the best the overall network can do. If we stick to that definition =
then there is really no difference between 1 and 2.</FONT> </P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">The advantage of this broader =
definition of protection domain</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">is that it is not necessary to merge =
the traffic at arbitrary</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">boundaries (e.g., at LSP =
terminations, AS boundaries, etc.).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">The complexity, however, makes this =
definition more difficult</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">to characterize, and makes defining a =
coherent protection </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">mechanism harder.</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Both of these extensions require some =
L3 knowledge, but the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">second is the only one that requires =
L3 knowledge in the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">protection mechanism itself.&nbsp; =
The original mechanism was</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">intended to work entirely within the =
MPLS layer.&nbsp; These</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">potential extensions would broaden =
the scope beyond MPLS,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">at the cost of additional =
complexity.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">If I get your =
inference, you assume that a non-MPLS protection mechanism requires =
some type of resource reservation.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Perhaps it is better to live with some =
limitations so that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">the mechanism is simpler (there is =
some value in a &quot;tidy, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">administrable and measurable =
definition of how far protection </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">extended&quot;).&nbsp; =
Thoughts?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">My summary would =
be:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">1) We need to =
clarify overall the goals of MPLS restoration. Is it explicit black box =
behavior or are we seeking a broader base of solutions that dovetail =
into the overall network. If we are discussing a broader base, then a =
1:1 or n:1 non-&quot;lsp merging&quot; solution has applicability. If =
we are &quot;black box&quot; only as it works for all style of =
protections (1+1, n:1, 1:1), all styles of traffic (best effort, =
diffserv and RSVP pinnned route) and is measuable, then we'll have to =
tolerate less optimal e2e routing and topology to get that. Personally, =
I'd like a bigger toolbox.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">2) I don't think we =
need to overload the recovery space by expanding the protected domain =
beyond MPLS, only acknowledge that we may concatenate protection =
mechanisms, they function autonomously, and may have multiple points of =
attachment. Coordination of protection across multiple transport =
technologies is out of scope if we are to make progress.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">cheers</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
</UL>
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 11:34:58 2000
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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 17:35:45 +0200
From: Laurent Silvio Ciavaglia <Laurent.Ciavaglia@ms.alcatel.fr>
Organization: Alcatel CRC
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Sorry I have forgoten to specify a subject.

Hello everyone !

You might have received mails from me since yesterday, but I still need
to have some explanation about principles of MPLS.

Could someone explain me what is topology/data traffic based label
assignment or lead me to some drafts or information sources ?

Thanks in advance.
Best regards, Laurent Ciavaglia.



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 11:54:25 2000
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Laurent,

The first resource to go to is the MPLS WG web site, and take a look
at the architecture and framework documents.
http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/mpls-charter.html

Those will lead you to other drafts that discuss specific issues, some of which will
answer your questions.

Another resource, is the MPLS Resource Center at
http://www.mplsrc.com/. This has a nice collection of information
about MPLS, where you should be able to find documents
that address your questions.

-Vishal

On Thursday, April 20, 2000 11:36 AM, Laurent.Ciavaglia@ms.alcatel.fr 
[SMTP:Laurent.Ciavaglia@ms.alcatel.fr] wrote:
> Sorry I have forgoten to specify a subject.
>
> Hello everyone !
>
> You might have received mails from me since yesterday, but I still need
> to have some explanation about principles of MPLS.
>
> Could someone explain me what is topology/data traffic based label
> assignment or lead me to some drafts or information sources ?
>
> Thanks in advance.
> Best regards, Laurent Ciavaglia.



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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 16:05:24 +0000
From: Dave Cooper <dcooper@globalcenter.net>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Backend TE Support
Message-ID: <20000420160524.C18374@globalcenter.net>
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We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path 
decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with 
actual peak flows).

In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
down customers, or other external factors) and its
obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
quickly.

I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
have been working on developing software to help 
manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some 
in-house development, but we're always interested in 
outside input or even code that can be co-developed.

-dave
 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 12:15:02 2000
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From: Smakam@aol.com
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Message-ID: <18.28529bd.262f7c2a@aol.com>
Date: Wed, 19 Apr 2000 17:16:26 EDT
Subject: Comments solicited on the draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-0.txt
To: srinivas.makam@tellabs.com, ben.mack-crane@tellabs.com,
        ken.owens@tellabs.com, vishal.sharma@tellabs.com,
        changcheng.huang@tellabs.com, fiffi@nortelnetworks.com,
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Hi,

In the Adelaide MPLS meeting, George Swallow suggested that our ID 
draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-0.txt should include the following option:
1+1 protection should include an option where resources on the recovery path 
are dedicated and no traffic is carried over it.
The following is the response from the authors:
1+1 protection switching is usually interpreted to have the same traffic 
running on both the working path and the recovery path and the decision to 
switch over after a fault is made by the PML. Therefore George's suggestion 
should be seen as an option for 1:1 protection switching. The case requested 
by George was not included in the draft for the reason - why go to extra 
trouble of requiring non-work conserving schedulers to assure that the 
dedicated bandwidth for the recovery path is not available to other LSPs. 
George may be thinking of broader applications than data networks. We will 
include this option under 1:1 protection.

Authors also propose the following changes to the terminology:
It is useful in a framework document to define all possible individual 
options regardless some of them are used in practice or not.
In addition, it is useful to define terms for combinations of these options 
that are likely to be of significant practical use. To make the framework 
clear, we can indicate which terms are atomic and which are composite. 

-Atomic Terms-
Initiation of Path Setup: pre-established, established-on-demand
Initiation of Resource Allocation: pre-reserved, reserved-on-demand
Availability of pre-reserved resources on Recovery Path: 
resource-available-to-others (or shared-resource), 
resource-not-available-to-others (or dedicated-resource)
Path Mapping: 1-to-1, m-to-n (including m=1 case), n-to-1 a.k.a. Split Path 
which is FFS

-Composite Terms-
Rerouting = established-on-demand + reserved-on-demand
Protection Switching = pre-established + pre-reserved
1+1 = 1-to-1 + protection switching + dedicated-resource (multicast) + PML 
recovery action
1:1 = 1-to-1 + protection switching + shared-resource + PSL recovery action

This leaves some combinations without specific terms (e.g., pre-established + 
reserved-on-demand, protection switching + dedicated + PSL recovery action). 
If necessary these might be named by adding qualifiers to other terms or 
inventing new composite terms, but that may not be necessary if these are not 
very useful combinations.

We are also addressing some aspects such as extension of the recovery 
framework to include MPLS based optical networks.

We solicit comments from the MPLS WG mailing list on the above proposal as 
well as on the items in the draft.

Cheers,

Vas Makam
Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com
(630) 512-7217
Tellabs
4951 Indiana Ave.
Lisle, IL 60532



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 14:00:44 2000
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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 13:59:12 -0400
From: "HANSEN CHAN" <hchan@newbridge.com>
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Subject: TE Extension of IGP
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I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
TE extension be critical?

Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.

Thanks,
Hansen



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 14:39:19 2000
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From: "Mike Badil" <hasko10@hotmail.com>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Signaling and MPLS
Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 14:38:18 EDT
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Hi

I am currently working in MPLS signaling, I have some question from material 
I read.

Q1- Extended RSVP(LDP/CR) does aggregation if we compare to the Traditional 
RSVP. In other word The traffic goes to the same destination and have same 
FEC can be carried in the same LSP. That is clear.
suppose we have the following scnerio:

Host A and B both send message to host D(connected to R3) and the traffic 
from both sources can be in the same FEC so that both traffic can be 
assigned to the LSP1. R1 is the ingress and R3 is the engress.
This point is clear.

A------->|
         |R1-----------R2-----------R3---D
B------->|  <----------|LSP1-------->|
                       |             |
                       |             |
                E---->R4            R5---F

But If host A sends packet to D which is connected to R3 and B sends to F 
which is connected to R5. Again assume that A and B has the same FEC so that 
they can be assigned to same LSP. But the destination routers are not the 
same.

The question here is what is the LSP for host B? Can it travel trough 
LSP1(R1-R2-R3) then take another LSP from R3 to R5?

Similar case suppose E and B send  data to the same destination which  is F 
connected R5. Again assume that they have same FEC and they can be assigned 
to the same LSP. What is their LSP? Are going to be assigned to  a LSP from 
R4 to R2 and a LSP from R1 to R2 then the same LSP which is R2-R3-R4?

If above statement are correct, how does it happened, Does they use label 
stack to do this?

Second Question

After all the required reservation is set up, If a host violate its  
reservation limits in other word send data in higher rate than it reserved, 
what would happen? Does it have any policy control mechanism like diffserv 
etc.?

Thanks


______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 15:06:07 2000
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From: anoop@baynetworks.com (Anoop Ghanwani)
Message-Id: <200004201808.OAA23832@anoop.engeast>
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
In-Reply-To: <38FF4570.8F70755D@newbridge.com> from HANSEN CHAN at "Apr 20, 2000
 01:59:12 pm"
To: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>
Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 14:08:22 -0400 (EDT)
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> I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
                                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)

That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.

> are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> TE extension be critical?
> 
> Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 15:17:01 2000
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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 15:15:40 -0400
From: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
To: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@baynetworks.com>
Cc: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>, mpls@UU.NET,
        Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
Message-ID: <20000420151540.E6168@uu.net>
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Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
(i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed 
off-node").

Cheers,
/Dan


On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> 
> 
> > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
>                                                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> 
> We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
> to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> 
> That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
> and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
> and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.
> 
> > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> > TE extension be critical?
> > 
> > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> 


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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 14:45:45 -0500
From: Ben Mack-Crane <Ben.Mack-Crane@tellabs.com>
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Subject: Re: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
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Dave,

I like your view.  Some comments/questions below.

Regards,
Ben

dallan@nortelnetworks.com wrote:
> 
> Ben:
> 
> Thanks for your comments. Rooting back through the other drafts, this
> discussion should really be focused around the framework draft
> <makam-mpls-recovery-frmwork-00>. To my mind the issue is whether MPLS is a
> black box and the very worst manifestation of a failure is a 'x' msec.
> interruption of packet flow out of a particular interface, OR whether we
> allow "less specific" box behaviors such as the packets keep flowing out of
> the box, but it may be a different interface. Seems to me that there are
> cases for both.

In the intiial framework we had focused on "MPLS Path Recovery," and since 
a path has fixed endpoints...  Well, there's where the blind spot came from.  
The current position of the framework, "MPLS Based Recovery," admits a 
broader interpretation and so it makes sense to incorporate an option to 
have diverse egress points for working and recovery paths.  

Any comments from other framework authors?

> 
>      <snip>
> 
> > You are correct in noting that the PML is limiting, as
> > a single egress point for the MPLS protection domain;
> > however, removing this limitation requires some knowledge
> > beyond that necessarily held by the MPLS layer.
> >
> Yes, there would have to be a path diversity test combined with some
> link-state knowledge of the over all network to ensure that the alternate
> egress point was appropriate.
> 
> > There are two extensions that I can think of based on your
> > comments (please let me know if I have misunderstood your
> > comments).
> >
> > 1) The working and recovery paths never merge as LSPs.
> > Instead, the recovery path terminates at an LER that is an
> > acceptable alternative to the LER terminating the working
> > path for the purpose of forwarding the FEC represented by
> > the working path.
> >
> > In this case, the protection domain is still within a
> > contiguous MPLS cloud
> >
>      Effectively yes. We have not discussed fast failure detection,
> propagation, and pre-planned alternate route mechanisms outside the MPLS
> space.
> 
> > (which BTW implies nothing in particular
> > about administrative domains).
> >
>      Agreed, however such things MAY exist, such as intercarrier
> boundaries inside a contiguous MPLS space. That would be my only
> observation. The boundary MAY not be technical and in the real world that is
> what frequently happens. If there is some form of pre-emption, then it is
> also useful to constrain the space to minimize the amount of traffic
> distrupted.
> 
> > The protection mechanism
> > still works with information available at the MPLS layer
> > (fault detection, protection actions, etc.).  However, selection
> > of the recovery path (outside the scope of this ID) requires
> > L3 knowledge to determine that the LER terminating the
> > recovery path is acceptable.
> >
>      I would broaden the definition as selection suggests to me explicit
> routing, whereas increasing the reliabilty of implicit path construction
> would imply intelligent pruning of options. To a certain extent,
> conservative label retention in an implicit case implies some knowledge of
> which LSPs would be more optimal than others, and sufficient information
> should be available at the overall L3 layer (not just MPLS topolocy) to make
> that determination.

Selection, in this case, was meant generically (not intended to imply explicit
routing); however, the path protection mechanism draft does not address
reroute recovery (this is covered in other IDs) and so the broadening
you suggest may be out of scope for that ID.  Is there a need to address this 
in the framework (I don' think the framework says anything in particular about 
recovery path selection options)?

> 
> > In practice this may be an attractive option, although
> > some thought may be required to apply this in an end-to-end
> > recovery design for other than best effort traffic.
> >
>      Yes, bang on!, to my mind there is two goals to this effort in
> general. First is providing explicit recovery mechanisms for specific flows
> that require specific service guaratees, and second is raising the
> reliability bar overall. You're correct in identifying best effort, as e2e
> RSVP reservations carried through such an "LSP tunnel" require explicit
> black box behaviour to avoid the interruption of re-routing on a protection
> switch (or establishing a new "deaggregator"). That is NOT the scenario that
> I think a non-PML solution adds value to.

I agree.  The diverse egress case may be paricularly useful for improving the 
reliability of best effort traffic.

> 
> > 2) The protection domain spans both MPLS hops and L3 hops.
> >
>      Not sure how this really differs from '1' except the suggestion that
> there are fast non-MPLS restoration mechanisms which require some overall
> coordination.
> 
> > Here the protection domain is not within a contiguous MPLS
> > cloud, and recovery within such a protection domain may be
> > complex.  Since the protection domain includes both MPLS and
> > L3 hops, fault detection and recovery actions may be significantly
> > different depending on where a fault occurs (and the protection
> > mechanism would require L3 knowledge in some cases).  It may
> > be difficult to guarantee uniform recovery performance across
> > the entire protection domain.
> >
> >
>      I think in general it is easiest to think of this as concatenated
> protection domains with redundancy at the domain boundary. Ultimately it is
> a form of "Per-Hop Protection" ;-)  as the lack of uniformity of mechanisms
> makes explicit guarantees difficult but the performance is the best the
> overall network can do. If we stick to that definition then there is really
> no difference between 1 and 2.

I was concerned that the broader defintion of protection domain being proposed 
implied that ONE recovery action (e.g., PSL switch) would be able
to recover from any fault in the protection domain.  I had trouble seeing
how a fault on an L3 link could be correlated with the working LSP, and the 
PSL informed.  The concept of concatenated protection domains is much
simpler, and I think this allows a narrower definition of protection
domain (uniform mechanism).  Redundancy/diversity/coordination at protection 
domain boundaries is then the interesting problem.

> 
> > The advantage of this broader definition of protection domain
> > is that it is not necessary to merge the traffic at arbitrary
> > boundaries (e.g., at LSP terminations, AS boundaries, etc.).
> > The complexity, however, makes this definition more difficult
> > to characterize, and makes defining a coherent protection
> > mechanism harder.
> >
> >
> > Both of these extensions require some L3 knowledge, but the
> > second is the only one that requires L3 knowledge in the
> > protection mechanism itself.  The original mechanism was
> > intended to work entirely within the MPLS layer.  These
> > potential extensions would broaden the scope beyond MPLS,
> > at the cost of additional complexity.
> >
>      If I get your inference, you assume that a non-MPLS protection
> mechanism requires some type of resource reservation.

Well... I wasn't trying to say anything about non-MPLS mechanisms.
We are trying to further clarify the framework terminology (a summary
has been posted to the mail list by Vas Makam) and "protection
switching" implies resource reservation.  This is not to say that
there are not recovery mechanisms that work otherwise (e.g., reroute
recovery).  The path protection mechanism ID is aimed at protection
switching, so resource reservation is assumed there, and this leads
to some desire to have a mechanism that operates simply at the MPLS 
layer.

> 
> > Perhaps it is better to live with some limitations so that
> > the mechanism is simpler (there is some value in a "tidy,
> > administrable and measurable definition of how far protection
> > extended").  Thoughts?
> >
>      My summary would be:
> 
>      1) We need to clarify overall the goals of MPLS restoration. Is it
> explicit black box behavior or are we seeking a broader base of solutions
> that dovetail into the overall network. If we are discussing a broader base,
> then a 1:1 or n:1 non-"lsp merging" solution has applicability. If we are
> "black box" only as it works for all style of protections (1+1, n:1, 1:1),
> all styles of traffic (best effort, diffserv and RSVP pinnned route) and is
> measuable, then we'll have to tolerate less optimal e2e routing and topology
> to get that. Personally, I'd like a bigger toolbox.

It makes sense to have a bigger toolbox, as long as we have a reasonable 
understanding of the tools and their appropriate use.  You have pointed out
a useful alternative to be added, and we should try to develop a clear
description for the affected IDs.

> 
>      2) I don't think we need to overload the recovery space by expanding
> the protected domain beyond MPLS, only acknowledge that we may concatenate
> protection mechanisms, they function autonomously, and may have multiple
> points of attachment. Coordination of protection across multiple transport
> technologies is out of scope if we are to make progress.

This seems reasonable.

> 
>      cheers
>      Dave
> 
>   --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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>    att1.htm       Type: Hypertext Markup Language (text/html)
>               Encoding: 8bit
>            Description: Internet HTML


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 16:36:26 2000
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Message-ID: <01BFAAE6.ECA94720.Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
To: "'dallan@nortelnetworks.com'" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ben.Mack-Crane@tellabs.com" <Ben.Mack-Crane@tellabs.com>
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        "Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com"
	 <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com"
	 <Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com>,
        "Ken.Owens@tellabs.com"
	 <Ken.Owens@tellabs.com>
Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 16:38:56 -0400
Organization: Tellabs Research Center
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Dave,

I concur with Ben. Good thoughts all!
Please see my comments below (unneeded text deleted below).

-Vishal

On Thursday, April 20, 2000 11:19 AM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com] 
wrote:
> Ben:
>
> Thanks for your comments. Rooting back through the other drafts, this
> discussion should really be focused around the framework draft
> <makam-mpls-recovery-frmwork-00>. To my mind the issue is whether MPLS is a
> black box and the very worst manifestation of a failure is a 'x' msec.
> interruption of packet flow out of a particular interface, OR whether we
> allow "less specific" box behaviors such as the packets keep flowing out of
> the box, but it may be a different interface. Seems to me that there are
> cases for both.

I think what you mean above is different than what Ben alluded to in his reply
to you. If I understand you, you are asking that the MPLS recovery cover the
case not only of those problems where there is an actual break in traffic
(treating LSR as a black box), but also those cases where there is no
break in traffic, but things at the MPLS layer are messed up. My response
is: absolutely!
(In fact, Neil Harrison of BT in a response on the list a couple of days ago had made a very
good characterization of the types of errors that may require protection/recovery,
which I would recommend.
If you haven't seen that one or cannot find it, pl. let me know. I'll forward it.)

And, the framework document does allow for both these possibilities.
In fact, a look at the types of errors (enumerated in the framework document)
that could occur at the MPLS layer shows that they allow for
things like misbranching, errored packets, misdirected packets, etc.
If you feel there is something missing in the framework as it stands, please
let us know.


> > You are correct in noting that the PML is limiting, as
> > a single egress point for the MPLS protection domain;
> > however, removing this limitation requires some knowledge
> > beyond that necessarily held by the MPLS layer.
> >
> Yes, there would have to be a path diversity test combined with some
> link-state knowledge of the over all network to ensure that the alternate
> egress point was appropriate.
>
> > There are two extensions that I can think of based on your
> > comments (please let me know if I have misunderstood your
> > comments).
> >
> > 1) The working and recovery paths never merge as LSPs.
> > Instead, the recovery path terminates at an LER that is an
> > acceptable alternative to the LER terminating the working
> > path for the purpose of forwarding the FEC represented by
> > the working path.
> >
> > In this case, the protection domain is still within a
> > contiguous MPLS cloud
> >
> 	Effectively yes. We have not discussed fast failure detection,
> propagation, and pre-planned alternate route mechanisms outside the MPLS
> space.
>
> > (which BTW implies nothing in particular
> > about administrative domains).
> >
> 	Agreed, however such things MAY exist, such as intercarrier
> boundaries inside a contiguous MPLS space. That would be my only
> observation. The boundary MAY not be technical and in the real world that is
> what frequently happens. If there is some form of pre-emption, then it is
> also useful to constrain the space to minimize the amount of traffic
> distrupted.

I got lost on the last sentence here. By pre-emption do you mean the
usual --- pre-emption of low priority traffic on the protection path by
working traffic once the protection path is brought into use?


> > The protection mechanism
> > still works with information available at the MPLS layer
> > (fault detection, protection actions, etc.).  However, selection
> > of the recovery path (outside the scope of this ID) requires
> > L3 knowledge to determine that the LER terminating the
> > recovery path is acceptable.
> >
> 	I would broaden the definition as selection suggests to me explicit
> routing, whereas increasing the reliabilty of implicit path construction
> would imply intelligent pruning of options. To a certain extent,
> conservative label retention in an implicit case implies some knowledge of
> which LSPs would be more optimal than others, and sufficient information
> should be available at the overall L3 layer (not just MPLS topolocy) to make
> that determination.

Again, I have a question. Why do you say that conservative label retention implies
a knowledge of which LSPs are more optimal?

> > In practice this may be an attractive option, although
> > some thought may be required to apply this in an end-to-end
> > recovery design for other than best effort traffic.
> >
> 	Yes, bang on!, to my mind there is two goals to this effort in
> general. First is providing explicit recovery mechanisms for specific flows
> that require specific service guaratees, and second is raising the
> reliability bar overall. You're correct in identifying best effort, as e2e
> RSVP reservations carried through such an "LSP tunnel" require explicit
> black box behaviour to avoid the interruption of re-routing on a protection
> switch (or establishing a new "deaggregator"). That is NOT the scenario that
> I think a non-PML solution adds value to.

Absolutely. Agreed.

> > 2) The protection domain spans both MPLS hops and L3 hops.
> >
> 	Not sure how this really differs from '1' except the suggestion that
> there are fast non-MPLS restoration mechanisms which require some overall
> coordination.
>
> > Here the protection domain is not within a contiguous MPLS
> > cloud, and recovery within such a protection domain may be
> > complex.  Since the protection domain includes both MPLS and
> > L3 hops, fault detection and recovery actions may be significantly
> > different depending on where a fault occurs (and the protection
> > mechanism would require L3 knowledge in some cases).  It may
> > be difficult to guarantee uniform recovery performance across
> > the entire protection domain.
> >
> >
> 	I think in general it is easiest to think of this as concatenated
> protection domains with redundancy at the domain boundary. Ultimately it is
> a form of "Per-Hop Protection" ;-)  as the lack of uniformity of mechanisms
> makes explicit guarantees difficult but the performance is the best the
> overall network can do. If we stick to that definition then there is really
> no difference between 1 and 2.

I like the concatenated protection idea. This is sort of what I had alluded
to in an earlier email where I'd said that one may do protection of
a multi-domain LSP (ie, an LSP that spans multiple MPLS domains
one after another) on a segment by segment basis. Of course, the
implication above is more general than that.

<snip>

> 	My summary would be:
>
> 	1) We need to clarify overall the goals of MPLS restoration. Is it
> explicit black box behavior or are we seeking a broader base of solutions
> that dovetail into the overall network.

I think the recovery framework document encompasses the broader definition.
As before, if you feel something more is needed, let us know.

> If we are discussing a broader base,
> then a 1:1 or n:1 non-"lsp merging" solution has applicability. If we are
> "black box" only as it works for all style of protections (1+1, n:1, 1:1),
> all styles of traffic (best effort, diffserv and RSVP pinnned route) and is
> measuable, then we'll have to tolerate less optimal e2e routing and topology
> to get that. Personally, I'd like a bigger toolbox.

I'd say that we are indeed discussing the broader base. And yes (now that I
understand it more clearly), the non-LSP merging solution has applicability
and should be mentioned in the mechanism draft. (The framework draft
in any case does not refer to any particular solution(s).)

> 	2) I don't think we need to overload the recovery space by expanding
> the protected domain beyond MPLS, only acknowledge that we may concatenate
> protection mechanisms, they function autonomously, and may have multiple
> points of attachment. Coordination of protection across multiple transport
> technologies is out of scope if we are to make progress.

Agreed. I would like to add, however, that with the recent on-going activity in
the MPLS + crossconnects area, we might have to think about coordination
at least across the MPLS and optical transport networks (since that may be
an important case in practice).





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        Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com, Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com,
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Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
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	Ben:

	<snip>

> >      I would broaden the definition as selection suggests to me explicit
> > routing, whereas increasing the reliabilty of implicit path construction
> > would imply intelligent pruning of options. To a certain extent,
> > conservative label retention in an implicit case implies some knowledge
> of
> > which LSPs would be more optimal than others, and sufficient information
> > should be available at the overall L3 layer (not just MPLS topolocy) to
> make
> > that determination.
> 
> Selection, in this case, was meant generically (not intended to imply
> explicit
> routing); however, the path protection mechanism draft does not address
> reroute recovery (this is covered in other IDs) and so the broadening
> you suggest may be out of scope for that ID.  Is there a need to address
> this 
> in the framework (I don' think the framework says anything in particular
> about 
> recovery path selection options)?
> 
	I'll admit, I've lumped the recovery mechanisms together where
protection switching with resource reservation (and the corollary effect,
pre-emption) is a superset of reroute recovery. To my mind, where reroute
recovery and protection switching collide head on is in every way but the
timely allocation of resources on the backup path (where specific resource
allocation is required and we're out to be frugal). The livliness
mechanisms, path routing, revertive protection etc. have common
requirements. Such as timliness, path diversity, minimal disruption of
ordering etc.  

	<snip>

> I was concerned that the broader defintion of protection domain being
> proposed 
> implied that ONE recovery action (e.g., PSL switch) would be able
> to recover from any fault in the protection domain.  I had trouble seeing
> how a fault on an L3 link could be correlated with the working LSP, and
> the 
> PSL informed.  The concept of concatenated protection domains is much
> simpler, and I think this allows a narrower definition of protection
> domain (uniform mechanism).  Redundancy/diversity/coordination at
> protection 
> domain boundaries is then the interesting problem.
> 
	Agreed, some of this is addressed by redundant egress LERs, as a
failure of the egress LER can be addressed in the MPLS domain, a failure
downstream of the egress LER is handed by the egress LER or a downstream
node in the network. (it wears two hats). If I'm into another MPLS domain, I
may have redundant trees, one anchored on the working egress LER and one on
the protection egress LER, (I'd probably have that anyway), and if it is
some other technology, it presumably would be non-MPLS re-route and may not
be as fast, but then thats what you get.

	<snip>

> Well... I wasn't trying to say anything about non-MPLS mechanisms.
> We are trying to further clarify the framework terminology (a summary
> has been posted to the mail list by Vas Makam) and "protection
> switching" implies resource reservation.  This is not to say that
> there are not recovery mechanisms that work otherwise (e.g., reroute
> recovery).  The path protection mechanism ID is aimed at protection
> switching, so resource reservation is assumed there, and this leads
> to some desire to have a mechanism that operates simply at the MPLS 
> layer.
> 
	I'm not out to re-invent the rest of the network either...

	<snip>

> It makes sense to have a bigger toolbox, as long as we have a reasonable 
> understanding of the tools and their appropriate use.  You have pointed
> out
> a useful alternative to be added, and we should try to develop a clear
> description for the affected IDs.
> 
	Agreed.

> > 
> >      2) I don't think we need to overload the recovery space by
> expanding
> > the protected domain beyond MPLS, only acknowledge that we may
> concatenate
> > protection mechanisms, they function autonomously, and may have multiple
> > points of attachment. Coordination of protection across multiple
> transport
> > technologies is out of scope if we are to make progress.
> 
> This seems reasonable.
> 
	Good,

	regards
	Dave

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<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Ben:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I =
would broaden the definition as selection suggests to me =
explicit</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; routing, whereas increasing the =
reliabilty of implicit path construction</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; would imply intelligent pruning =
of options. To a certain extent,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; conservative label retention in =
an implicit case implies some knowledge of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; which LSPs would be more optimal =
than others, and sufficient information</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; should be available at the =
overall L3 layer (not just MPLS topolocy) to make</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; that determination.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Selection, in this case, was meant =
generically (not intended to imply explicit</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">routing); however, the path =
protection mechanism draft does not address</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">reroute recovery (this is covered in =
other IDs) and so the broadening</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">you suggest may be out of scope for =
that ID.&nbsp; Is there a need to address this </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">in the framework (I don' think the =
framework says anything in particular about </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">recovery path selection =
options)?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I'll admit, I've =
lumped the recovery mechanisms together where protection switching with =
resource reservation (and the corollary effect, pre-emption) is a =
superset of reroute recovery. To my mind, where reroute recovery and =
protection switching collide head on is in every way but the timely =
allocation of resources on the backup path (where specific resource =
allocation is required and we're out to be frugal). The livliness =
mechanisms, path routing, revertive protection etc. have common =
requirements. Such as timliness, path diversity, minimal disruption of =
ordering etc.&nbsp; </FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I was concerned that the broader =
defintion of protection domain being proposed </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">implied that ONE recovery action =
(e.g., PSL switch) would be able</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">to recover from any fault in the =
protection domain.&nbsp; I had trouble seeing</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">how a fault on an L3 link could be =
correlated with the working LSP, and the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">PSL informed.&nbsp; The concept of =
concatenated protection domains is much</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">simpler, and I think this allows a =
narrower definition of protection</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">domain (uniform mechanism).&nbsp; =
Redundancy/diversity/coordination at protection </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">domain boundaries is then the =
interesting problem.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Agreed, some of this =
is addressed by redundant egress LERs, as a failure of the egress LER =
can be addressed in the MPLS domain, a failure downstream of the egress =
LER is handed by the egress LER or a downstream node in the network. =
(it wears two hats). If I'm into another MPLS domain, I may have =
redundant trees, one anchored on the working egress LER and one on the =
protection egress LER, (I'd probably have that anyway), and if it is =
some other technology, it presumably would be non-MPLS re-route and may =
not be as fast, but then thats what you get.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Well... I wasn't trying to say =
anything about non-MPLS mechanisms.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">We are trying to further clarify the =
framework terminology (a summary</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">has been posted to the mail list by =
Vas Makam) and &quot;protection</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">switching&quot; implies resource =
reservation.&nbsp; This is not to say that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">there are not recovery mechanisms =
that work otherwise (e.g., reroute</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">recovery).&nbsp; The path protection =
mechanism ID is aimed at protection</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">switching, so resource reservation is =
assumed there, and this leads</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">to some desire to have a mechanism =
that operates simply at the MPLS </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">layer.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I'm not out to =
re-invent the rest of the network either...</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">It makes sense to have a bigger =
toolbox, as long as we have a reasonable </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">understanding of the tools and their =
appropriate use.&nbsp; You have pointed out</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">a useful alternative to be added, and =
we should try to develop a clear</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">description for the affected =
IDs.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Agreed.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2) =
I don't think we need to overload the recovery space by =
expanding</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; the protected domain beyond =
MPLS, only acknowledge that we may concatenate</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; protection mechanisms, they =
function autonomously, and may have multiple</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; points of attachment. =
Coordination of protection across multiple transport</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; technologies is out of scope if =
we are to make progress.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">This seems reasonable.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Good,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">regards</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>
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Message-ID: <6DDA62170439D31185750000F80826AC0247AFA9@zmerd004.ca.nortel.com>
From: "David Allan" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com, Ben.Mack-Crane@tellabs.com
Cc: mpls@UU.NET, Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com, Changcheng.Huang@tellabs.com,
        Ken.Owens@tellabs.com
Subject: RE: draft-chang-mpls-path-protection Comments
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Vishal:

comments imbedded, and extraneous stuff removed...

<snip>

> > 	Agreed, however such things MAY exist, such as intercarrier
> > boundaries inside a contiguous MPLS space. That would be my only
> > observation. The boundary MAY not be technical and in the real world
> that is
> > what frequently happens. If there is some form of pre-emption, then it
> is
> > also useful to constrain the space to minimize the amount of traffic
> > distrupted.
> 
> I got lost on the last sentence here. By pre-emption do you mean the
> usual --- pre-emption of low priority traffic on the protection path by
> working traffic once the protection path is brought into use?
> 
Yes, and segmenting the recovery space usually means that the disruption of
pre-empted traffic can be localized and minimized, I do not preempt the
traffic along the entire backup path.

	<snip>

> Again, I have a question. Why do you say that conservative label retention
> implies
> a knowledge of which LSPs are more optimal?
> 
I have to assume that for it to be useful. Some intelligent filtering of
implicit advertisments is required when doing the topology, even if simple,
"this LSR advertisment came in on the optimal interface for this FEC
according to my tables, so I'll keep this one". However I have not done
enough "I-D archeology" in order to substantiate this in detail. This is an
area I would like to understand better.


> I like the concatenated protection idea. This is sort of what I had
> alluded
> to in an earlier email where I'd said that one may do protection of
> a multi-domain LSP (ie, an LSP that spans multiple MPLS domains
> one after another) on a segment by segment basis. Of course, the
> implication above is more general than that.
> 
Good.

> > 	My summary would be:
> >
> > 	1) We need to clarify overall the goals of MPLS restoration. Is it
> > explicit black box behavior or are we seeking a broader base of
> solutions
> > that dovetail into the overall network.
> 
> I think the recovery framework document encompasses the broader
> definition.
> As before, if you feel something more is needed, let us know.
> 
I'll review it accordingly. But I'm timing out for this week ;-)

	<snip>

> I would like to add, however, that with the recent on-going activity in
> the MPLS + crossconnects area, we might have to think about coordination
> at least across the MPLS and optical transport networks (since that may be
> an important case in practice).
> 
I think there is applicability and common requirements. But this is one I
need to think about as there are differences in the space.

regards
Dave




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<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Vishal:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">comments imbedded, =
and extraneous stuff removed...</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Agreed, however such things MAY exist, such as intercarrier</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; boundaries inside a contiguous =
MPLS space. That would be my only</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; observation. The boundary MAY =
not be technical and in the real world that is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; what frequently happens. If =
there is some form of pre-emption, then it is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; also useful to constrain the =
space to minimize the amount of traffic</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; distrupted.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I got lost on the last sentence here. =
By pre-emption do you mean the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">usual --- pre-emption of low priority =
traffic on the protection path by</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">working traffic once the protection =
path is brought into use?</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Yes, and segmenting =
the recovery space usually means that the disruption of pre-empted =
traffic can be localized and minimized, I do not preempt the traffic =
along the entire backup path.</FONT></P>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Again, I have a question. Why do you =
say that conservative label retention implies</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">a knowledge of which LSPs are more =
optimal?</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I have to assume =
that for it to be useful. Some intelligent filtering of implicit =
advertisments is required when doing the topology, even if simple, =
&quot;this LSR advertisment came in on the optimal interface for this =
FEC according to my tables, so I'll keep this one&quot;. However I have =
not done enough &quot;I-D archeology&quot; in order to substantiate =
this in detail. This is an area I would like to understand =
better.</FONT></P>
<BR>
<UL>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I like the concatenated protection =
idea. This is sort of what I had alluded</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">to in an earlier email where I'd said =
that one may do protection of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">a multi-domain LSP (ie, an LSP that =
spans multiple MPLS domains</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">one after another) on a segment by =
segment basis. Of course, the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">implication above is more general =
than that.</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Good.</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; My =
summary would be:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
1) We need to clarify overall the goals of MPLS restoration. Is =
it</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; explicit black box behavior or =
are we seeking a broader base of solutions</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; that dovetail into the overall =
network.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I think the recovery framework =
document encompasses the broader definition.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">As before, if you feel something more =
is needed, let us know.</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I'll review it =
accordingly. But I'm timing out for this week ;-)</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I would like to add, however, that =
with the recent on-going activity in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">the MPLS + crossconnects area, we =
might have to think about coordination</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">at least across the MPLS and optical =
transport networks (since that may be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">an important case in =
practice).</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I think there is =
applicability and common requirements. But this is one I need to think =
about as there are differences in the space.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">regards</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

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To: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
CC: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@baynetworks.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
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Dan,

To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed on the
node, not by software tools?

Thanks,
Hansen

Daniel Awduche wrote:

> Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> off-node").
>
> Cheers,
> /Dan
>
> On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> >
> >
> > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
> >                                                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> >
> > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
> > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> >
> > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
> > and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
> > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.
> >
> > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> > > TE extension be critical?
> > >
> > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> >



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 19:08:35 2000
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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 19:07:15 -0400
From: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
To: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>
Cc: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@baynetworks.com>, mpls@UU.NET,
        Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
Message-ID: <20000420190715.F6168@uu.net>
References: <38FF4570.8F70755D@newbridge.com> <200004201808.OAA23832@anoop.engeast> <20000420151540.E6168@uu.net> <38FF7EDD.7B1ED494@newbridge.com>
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Hansen,

Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
the online system with offline software tools.

Cheers,
/Dan

On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> Dan,
> 
> To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed on the
> node, not by software tools?
> 
> Thanks,
> Hansen
> 
> Daniel Awduche wrote:
> 
> > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > off-node").
> >
> > Cheers,
> > /Dan
> >
> > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
> > >                                                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > >
> > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
> > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > >
> > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
> > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
> > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.
> > >
> > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > >
> > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > >


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 19:28:05 2000
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From: "Sumit Garg" <sumitg@rocketmail.com>
To: "'Mike Badil'" <hasko10@hotmail.com>, <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: Signaling and MPLS
Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 16:22:30 -0700
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Hi Mike,
I am currently working in MPLS signaling, I have some question
from material
I read.

Q1- Extended RSVP(LDP/CR) does aggregation if we compare to the
Traditional
RSVP. In other word The traffic goes to the same destination and
have same
FEC can be carried in the same LSP. That is clear.
suppose we have the following scnerio:

Host A and B both send message to host D(connected to R3) and
the traffic
from both sources can be in the same FEC so that both traffic
can be
assigned to the LSP1. R1 is the ingress and R3 is the engress.
This point is clear.

A------->|
         |R1-----------R2-----------R3---D
B------->|  <----------|LSP1-------->|
                       |             |
                       |             |
                E---->R4            R5---F

But If host A sends packet to D which is connected to R3 and B
sends to F
which is connected to R5. Again assume that A and B has the same
FEC so that
they can be assigned to same LSP. But the destination routers
are not the
same.

The question here is what is the LSP for host B? Can it travel
trough
LSP1(R1-R2-R3) then take another LSP from R3 to R5?

Yes - it is possible; but most likely there maybe no MPLS b/w R3
and R5 - so just fall back upon standard L3 forwarding

Similar case suppose E and B send  data to the same destination
which  is F
connected R5. Again assume that they have same FEC and they can
be assigned
to the same LSP. What is their LSP? Are going to be assigned to
a LSP from
R4 to R2 and a LSP from R1 to R2 then the same LSP which is
R2-R3-R4?

If above statement are correct, how does it happened, Does they
use label
stack to do this?

In the second case you are likely to have a label merge - same
outgoing label for different incoming label; this requires
special hardware. Stacking is possible only when you see a
logical hierarchy in the routing - much like OSPF areas etc.

Second Question

After all the required reservation is set up, If a host violate
its
reservation limits in other word send data in higher rate than
it reserved,
what would happen? Does it have any policy control mechanism
like diffserv
etc.?

Normal policing can happen - again depends on underlying layer.
Could mean packets being dropped in the extreme scenario. My
observation here is that some kind of ICMP source quench
messages must be generated - but this is like opening a
pandora's box ...
Regards,
Sumit



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 19:29:30 2000
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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 19:28:33 -0400 (EDT)
From: Senthilkumar Rajasekharan <senthil@caip.rutgers.edu>
To: mpls@UU.NET
cc: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
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Hi Hansen,

> 
> Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement

The following link has a description of an online LSP computation
mechanism ....
http://www.bell-labs.com/user/suter/rates.ps.gz
 
-Senthil


> in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> the online system with offline software tools.
> 
> Cheers,
> /Dan
> 
> On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > Dan,
> > 
> > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed on the
> > node, not by software tools?
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > Hansen
> > 
> > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > 
> > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > off-node").
> > >
> > > Cheers,
> > > /Dan
> > >
> > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
> > > >                                                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > >
> > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
> > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > > >
> > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
> > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
> > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.
> > > >
> > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > >
> > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > > >
> 



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 20 19:32:10 2000
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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 16:33:23 -0700
From: Robert Raszuk <rraszuk@cisco.com>
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To: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
CC: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>, Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@baynetworks.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
References: <38FF4570.8F70755D@newbridge.com> <200004201808.OAA23832@anoop.engeast> <20000420151540.E6168@uu.net> <38FF7EDD.7B1ED494@newbridge.com> <20000420190715.F6168@uu.net>
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Yet another reason for using extensions to IGPs for TE flooding (at
least in some implementations) is verification against the up to date TE
database build based on those updates and kept on the router even in the
case when you load the explicit lists from the off-line tool. 

It would be quite wastefull to attempt to signall multiple LSPs and fail
only because the off line tool did not have the most recent TE topology.

Robert.

> Daniel Awduche wrote:
> 
> Hansen,
> 
> Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
> in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> the online system with offline software tools.
> 
> Cheers,
> /Dan
> 
> On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > Dan,
> >
> > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed on the
> > node, not by software tools?
> >
> > Thanks,
> > Hansen
> >
> > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> >
> > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > off-node").
> > >
> > > Cheers,
> > > /Dan
> > >
> > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
> > > >                                                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > >
> > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
> > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > > >
> > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
> > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
> > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.
> > > >
> > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > >
> > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > > >

-- 

_____________________________________________________________________

     |          |         Robert Raszuk, CCIE #3690  ICQ #12710752
    :|:        :|:        IOS-Engineering, MPLS Development Team
   :|||:      :|||:       170 W. Tasman Dr. N2, San Jose, CA 95134
.:|||||||:..:|||||||:.    Phone: 408-525-7588     Pager: 888-581-1312
C I S C O S Y S T E M S   Email: raszuk@cisco.com   Fax: 408-525-7588
                          URL:   http://wwwin-mpls.cisco.com/
_____________________________________________________________________



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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 20:12:51 -0700
To: mpls@UU.NET
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
Cc: akyol@pluris.com
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[posted to the MPLS mailing list]

A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had suggested to add a
current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE extensions which got shot
down due to concerns roughly voiced as " Oh, if you flood dynamic network
information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize the network." Of
course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual
deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!


But if there is an interest from the network service providers, maybe we
can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.


I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an ID. Moreover,
once we do put this extension in, it allows for different approaches to
traffic engineering.


Regards

Bora Akyol


At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:
>We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
>for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
>have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
>but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
>the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path 
>decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with 
>actual peak flows).
>
>In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
>variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
>down customers, or other external factors) and its
>obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
>quickly.
>
>I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
>have been working on developing software to help 
>manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
>is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
>bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
>routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some 
>in-house development, but we're always interested in 
>outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
>
>-dave
> 
>




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Date: Thu, 20 Apr 2000 20:17:13 -0700
To: "HANSEN CHAN" <hchan@newbridge.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
In-Reply-To: <38FF4570.8F70755D@newbridge.com>
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On the contrary,

The IGP extensions are needed because most protection LSP calculation
happens on box and most vendors support automatic routing of LSPs.

Bora Akyol

At 01:59 PM 4/20/00 -0400, you wrote:
>I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
>network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
>on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
>are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
>TE extension be critical?
>
>Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
>
>Thanks,
>Hansen
>




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 21 03:40:51 2000
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Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 09:41:31 +0200
From: Laurent Silvio Ciavaglia <Laurent.Ciavaglia@ms.alcatel.fr>
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Hello everybody !

I would like to thank every person that help in my quest for knowledge about
MPLS.
Thank you for all.

Have a nice day.

Best Regrards, Laurent C.





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 21 07:24:05 2000
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Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 07:22:51 -0400
From: Roch Guerin <guerin@ee.upenn.edu>
Organization: University of Pennsylvania
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CC: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
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Bora,

We had actually specified something very
similar for OSPF in RFC 2676, and also looked
quite extensively at the issue of what/when
to advertise in order to make routing decisions.
The source of fluctations were a bit different,
but most of the techniques investigated to
dampen them and the results on their impact
should be applicable to the TE problem.  Some
of this was documented in a SIGCOMM'98 paper
by Apostolopooulos et al.

Roch

> [posted to the MPLS mailing list]
> 
> A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had suggested to add a
> current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE extensions which got shot
> down due to concerns roughly voiced as " Oh, if you flood dynamic network
> information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize the network." Of
> course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual
> deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!
> 
> But if there is an interest from the network service providers, maybe we
> can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.
> 
> I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an ID. Moreover,
> once we do put this extension in, it allows for different approaches to
> traffic engineering.
> 
> Regards
> 
> Bora Akyol
> 
> At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:
> >We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
> >for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
> >have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
> >but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
> >the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path
> >decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with
> >actual peak flows).
> >
> >In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
> >variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
> >down customers, or other external factors) and its
> >obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
> >quickly.
> >
> >I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
> >have been working on developing software to help
> >manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
> >is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
> >bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
> >routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some
> >in-house development, but we're always interested in
> >outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
> >
> >-dave
> >
> >
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 21 09:56:01 2000
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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Backend TE Support
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 09:54:50 -0400
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Bora  

We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple metrics. This 
has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by me.   The last 
presentation is at

http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf

We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that there are multiple
metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, since we believe that 
that is justification enough. We thought that utilization might be 
one of the possible values in the future I would be interested in your 
comments. 
I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS dicussion groups in the
next day or so. 

Don


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bora Akyol [mailto:akyol@pluris.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2000 11:13 PM
> To: mpls@UU.NET
> Cc: akyol@pluris.com
> Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
> 
> 
> 
> [posted to the MPLS mailing list]
> 
> A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had 
> suggested to add a
> current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE extensions 
> which got shot
> down due to concerns roughly voiced as " Oh, if you flood 
> dynamic network
> information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize 
> the network." Of
> course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual
> deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!
> 
> 
> But if there is an interest from the network service 
> providers, maybe we
> can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.
> 
> 
> I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an 
> ID. Moreover,
> once we do put this extension in, it allows for different 
> approaches to
> traffic engineering.
> 
> 
> Regards
> 
> Bora Akyol
> 
> 
> At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:
> >We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
> >for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
> >have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
> >but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
> >the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path 
> >decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with 
> >actual peak flows).
> >
> >In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
> >variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
> >down customers, or other external factors) and its
> >obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
> >quickly.
> >
> >I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
> >have been working on developing software to help 
> >manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
> >is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
> >bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
> >routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some 
> >in-house development, but we're always interested in 
> >outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
> >
> >-dave
> > 
> >
> 
> 
> 

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<TITLE>RE: Backend TE Support</TITLE>
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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Bora&nbsp; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for =
multiple metrics. This </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by =
me.&nbsp;&nbsp; The last </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>presentation is at</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2><A =
HREF=3D"http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf" =
TARGET=3D"_blank">http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetric=
s.pdf</A></FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that =
there are multiple</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, =
since we believe that </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>that is justification enough. We thought that =
utilization might be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>one of the possible values in the future I would be =
interested in your </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>comments. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS =
dicussion groups in the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>next day or so. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Don</FONT>
</P>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Bora Akyol [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:akyol@pluris.com">mailto:akyol@pluris.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2000 11:13 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: mpls@UU.NET</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: akyol@pluris.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: Re: Backend TE Support</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; [posted to the MPLS mailing list]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; A while back, a couple of BBN folks including =
myself had </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; suggested to add a</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; current network utilization metric to the =
ISIS-TE extensions </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; which got shot</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; down due to concerns roughly voiced as &quot; =
Oh, if you flood </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; dynamic network</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; information, people may make bad decisions and =
destabilize </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; the network.&quot; Of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; course, we could have put the flooding in there =
and waited on actual</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; deployment of a protocol that made use of this, =
but oh well!</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; But if there is an interest from the network =
service </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; providers, maybe we</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; can revisit this and add an extension to the =
ISIS-TE extensions.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; I would certainly be willing to co-author or =
author such an </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; ID. Moreover,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; once we do put this extension in, it allows for =
different </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; approaches to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; traffic engineering.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Regards</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Bora Akyol</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper =
wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;We've been running MPLS in the core for TE =
purposes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;for quite some time now. However, one of =
the largest hurdles we</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;have faced is not just the stability of the =
protocol</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;but the actual management of protocol. More =
specifically,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;the TE bandwidth statements used to make =
&quot;optimal&quot; path </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent =
with </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;actual peak flows).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by =
large</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;variations (usually due to egress traffic =
shifts,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;down customers, or other external factors) =
and its</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;obvious that TE bandwidth can become =
&quot;outdated&quot; fairly</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;quickly.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;I was inquiring to see if other providers =
or vendors</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;have been working on developing software to =
help </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;manage this critical component of =
MPLS.&nbsp; The old adage</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;is correct in &quot;Garbage in, Garbage =
out&quot; and if TE</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never =
be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;routed over optimal paths.&nbsp; We have =
been doing some </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;in-house development, but we're always =
interested in </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;outside input or even code that can be =
co-developed.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;-dave</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 09:50:52 -0400
From: "Indra.Widjaja" <Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com>
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To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
CC: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
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Bora Akyol wrote:

> On the contrary,
>
> The IGP extensions are needed because most protection LSP calculation
> happens on box and most vendors support automatic routing of LSPs.

Actually, if you compute your working LSP offline, you would generally
prefer
to also compute the corresponding protection LSP offline, except for
local repair.

indra

>
>
> Bora Akyol
>
> At 01:59 PM 4/20/00 -0400, you wrote:
> >I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> >network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> >on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
> >are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> >TE extension be critical?
> >
> >Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> >
> >Thanks,
> >Hansen
> >




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Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 04:05:15 +0000
From: Dave Cooper <dcooper@globalcenter.net>
To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
Message-ID: <20000421040515.C7998@globalcenter.net>
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Bora, i'll limit this since it is operational in nature but
i think that dynamically adjusting TE bw would probably prove
too unstable in a network running thousands of LSPs. Given large
variations in BW levels, tunnel thrashing could easily result. 
Also, IMO using a statiscal sample (hourly, daily or weekly) 
and taking the some peak percentile would probably result 
in a more stable and somewhat accurate representation of TE bw. 
Obviously, this would need to take place off the LSR.  Maybe 
other providers can  ellaborate if they see propagating this 
information beneficial.

My apologies for the operational nature of the thread :)

-dave



Bora Akyol wrote:
> 
> [posted to the MPLS mailing list]
> 
> A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had suggested to add a
> current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE extensions which got shot
> down due to concerns roughly voiced as " Oh, if you flood dynamic network
> information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize the network." Of
> course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual
> deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!
> 
> 
> But if there is an interest from the network service providers, maybe we
> can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.
> 
> 
> I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an ID. Moreover,
> once we do put this extension in, it allows for different approaches to
> traffic engineering.
> 
> 
> Regards
> 
> Bora Akyol
> 
> 
> At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:
> >We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
> >for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
> >have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
> >but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
> >the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path 
> >decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with 
> >actual peak flows).
> >
> >In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
> >variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
> >down customers, or other external factors) and its
> >obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
> >quickly.
> >
> >I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
> >have been working on developing software to help 
> >manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
> >is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
> >bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
> >routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some 
> >in-house development, but we're always interested in 
> >outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
> >
> >-dave
> > 
> >
> 



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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "Indra.Widjaja" <Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com>,
        Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Cc: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: TE Extension of IGP
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Indra

I disagree, even if you compute your LSPs offline the protection is
most useful on network. You can't possibly calculate all the failure 
possibilities offline. The only exception is dedicated protection 
circuity which is more expensive.

Don

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Indra.Widjaja [mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com]
> Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 9:51 AM
> To: Bora Akyol
> Cc: HANSEN CHAN; mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
> 
> 
> Bora Akyol wrote:
> 
> > On the contrary,
> >
> > The IGP extensions are needed because most protection LSP 
> calculation
> > happens on box and most vendors support automatic routing of LSPs.
> 
> Actually, if you compute your working LSP offline, you would generally
> prefer
> to also compute the corresponding protection LSP offline, except for
> local repair.
> 
> indra
> 
> >
> >
> > Bora Akyol
> >
> > At 01:59 PM 4/20/00 -0400, you wrote:
> > >I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of 
> IGP in a MPLS
> > >network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when 
> you're doing
> > >on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's 
> MPLS network
> > >are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why 
> would the use of
> > >TE extension be critical?
> > >
> > >Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > >
> > >Thanks,
> > >Hansen
> > >
> 
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Indra</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>I disagree, even if you compute your LSPs offline the =
protection is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>most useful on network. You can't possibly calculate =
all the failure </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>possibilities offline. The only exception is =
dedicated protection </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>circuity which is more expensive.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Don</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; From: Indra.Widjaja [<A =
HREF=3D"mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com">mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tdd=
ny.fujitsu.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 9:51 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; To: Bora Akyol</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Cc: HANSEN CHAN; mpls@UU.NET</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Bora Akyol wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; On the contrary,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; The IGP extensions are needed because most =
protection LSP </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; calculation</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; happens on box and most vendors support =
automatic routing of LSPs.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; Actually, if you compute your working LSP =
offline, you would generally</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; prefer</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; to also compute the corresponding protection =
LSP offline, except for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; local repair.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; indra</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; Bora Akyol</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; At 01:59 PM 4/20/00 -0400, you =
wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;I am trying to understanding the use =
of TE extension of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; IGP in a MPLS</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;network. From my understanding, you =
need TE extension when </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; you're doing</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;on-node path computation. However, =
since LSPs in today's </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; MPLS network</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;are usually computed off-node (in =
software tool), why </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; would the use of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;TE extension be critical?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;Appreciate if someone can shed some =
light on this question.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;Thanks,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;Hansen</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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Message-ID: <006401bfab9d$039477a0$9dae3ec6@salmon>
From: "Subodh Mathur" <subodh@dtix.com>
To: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>, "mpls" <mpls@UU.NET>,
        "Bilel Jamoussi" <jamoussi@nortelnetworks.com>
References: <011701bfa514$2449d290$160d85a5@dti.daewoo.co.kr> <38FB235A.6AED8E76@americasm01.nt.com>
Subject: Preemption TLV in CR-LDP
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 10:22:24 -0400
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Hi,
How will setting up of a CR LSP with Preemption TLV will deal with an
existing CR LSP which has been setup without using optional Preemption TLV?.
Assuming there is a contention of resources between them. The draft on
CR-LDP does not make it clear or I might have missed it.
Thanks,
Subodh Mathur
Digital Technology Inc.,
Bedford, MA 01730



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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Dave Cooper <dcooper@globalcenter.net>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Backend TE Support
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 10:31:56 -0400
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Dave

Although it is rather experimental adjusting LSPs is far more 
stable than adjusting Connectionless metrics. If you look at the 
draft-ietf-mpls-crlsp-modify-01.txt the mechanism exists to modify
an individual LSP. BW utilization is one of the indicators this 
is required. (BW reservation which is specified, is different however
but some mix the concept). 
I like the hotel definition of reservation. The hotel may be fully 
booked but not fully utilized. Guaranteed rooms but no-shows. 
Links on the other hand can be underbooked but over utilized.  
So BW utilization can be used as an indicator of this situtation. 

Don

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Dave Cooper [mailto:dcooper@globalcenter.net]
> Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 12:05 AM
> To: Bora Akyol
> Cc: mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
> 
> 
> Bora, i'll limit this since it is operational in nature but
> i think that dynamically adjusting TE bw would probably prove
> too unstable in a network running thousands of LSPs. Given large
> variations in BW levels, tunnel thrashing could easily result. 
> Also, IMO using a statiscal sample (hourly, daily or weekly) 
> and taking the some peak percentile would probably result 
> in a more stable and somewhat accurate representation of TE bw. 
> Obviously, this would need to take place off the LSR.  Maybe 
> other providers can  ellaborate if they see propagating this 
> information beneficial.
> 
> My apologies for the operational nature of the thread :)
> 
> -dave
> 
> 
> 
> Bora Akyol wrote:
> > 
> > [posted to the MPLS mailing list]
> > 
> > A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had 
> suggested to add a
> > current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE 
> extensions which got shot
> > down due to concerns roughly voiced as " Oh, if you flood 
> dynamic network
> > information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize 
> the network." Of
> > course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual
> > deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!
> > 
> > 
> > But if there is an interest from the network service 
> providers, maybe we
> > can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.
> > 
> > 
> > I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an 
> ID. Moreover,
> > once we do put this extension in, it allows for different 
> approaches to
> > traffic engineering.
> > 
> > 
> > Regards
> > 
> > Bora Akyol
> > 
> > 
> > At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:
> > >We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
> > >for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
> > >have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
> > >but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
> > >the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path 
> > >decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with 
> > >actual peak flows).
> > >
> > >In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
> > >variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
> > >down customers, or other external factors) and its
> > >obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
> > >quickly.
> > >
> > >I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
> > >have been working on developing software to help 
> > >manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
> > >is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
> > >bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
> > >routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some 
> > >in-house development, but we're always interested in 
> > >outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
> > >
> > >-dave
> > > 
> > >
> > 
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Dave</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Although it is rather experimental adjusting LSPs is far more </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>stable than adjusting Connectionless metrics. If you look at the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>draft-ietf-mpls-crlsp-modify-01.txt the mechanism exists to modify</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>an individual LSP. BW utilization is one of the indicators this </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>is required. (BW reservation which is specified, is different however</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>but some mix the concept). </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>I like the hotel definition of reservation. The hotel may be fully </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>booked but not fully utilized. Guaranteed rooms but no-shows. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>Links on the other hand can be underbooked but over utilized.&nbsp; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>So BW utilization can be used as an indicator of this situtation. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Don</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Dave Cooper [<A HREF="mailto:dcooper@globalcenter.net">mailto:dcooper@globalcenter.net</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 12:05 AM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: Bora Akyol</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: mpls@UU.NET</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: Re: Backend TE Support</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Bora, i'll limit this since it is operational in nature but</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; i think that dynamically adjusting TE bw would probably prove</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; too unstable in a network running thousands of LSPs. Given large</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; variations in BW levels, tunnel thrashing could easily result. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Also, IMO using a statiscal sample (hourly, daily or weekly) </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; and taking the some peak percentile would probably result </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; in a more stable and somewhat accurate representation of TE bw. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Obviously, this would need to take place off the LSR.&nbsp; Maybe </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; other providers can&nbsp; ellaborate if they see propagating this </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; information beneficial.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; My apologies for the operational nature of the thread :)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -dave</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Bora Akyol wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; [posted to the MPLS mailing list]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; suggested to add a</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; extensions which got shot</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; down due to concerns roughly voiced as &quot; Oh, if you flood </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; dynamic network</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; the network.&quot; Of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; But if there is an interest from the network service </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; providers, maybe we</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; ID. Moreover,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; once we do put this extension in, it allows for different </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; approaches to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; traffic engineering.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Regards</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Bora Akyol</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;have faced is not just the stability of the protocol</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;the TE bandwidth statements used to make &quot;optimal&quot; path </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;actual peak flows).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;down customers, or other external factors) and its</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;obvious that TE bandwidth can become &quot;outdated&quot; fairly</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;quickly.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;have been working on developing software to help </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;manage this critical component of MPLS.&nbsp; The old adage</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;is correct in &quot;Garbage in, Garbage out&quot; and if TE</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;routed over optimal paths.&nbsp; We have been doing some </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;in-house development, but we're always interested in </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;outside input or even code that can be co-developed.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;-dave</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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To: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>
CC: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>, Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@baynetworks.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
References: <38FF4570.8F70755D@newbridge.com> <200004201808.OAA23832@anoop.engeast> <20000420151540.E6168@uu.net> <38FF7EDD.7B1ED494@newbridge.com>
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Hansen,

I think the critical point is about how up to date the TE database information
is.  Using link state IGPs is one convenient way of gathering the latest
apporpriate information required to compute the path of LSPs. Then, where the
computation is done is matter of convenience and effeciency.

Ramana

HANSEN CHAN wrote:

> Dan,
>
> To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed on the
> node, not by software tools?
>
> Thanks,
> Hansen
>
> Daniel Awduche wrote:
>
> > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > off-node").
> >
> > Cheers,
> > /Dan
> >
> > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
> > >                                                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > >
> > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
> > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > >
> > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
> > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
> > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.
> > >
> > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > >
> > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > >




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From: "Indra.Widjaja" <Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com>
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To: Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
CC: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>, HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
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Don:

I don't see your reasoning below. Could you please
explain why you would still prefer to do the path selection
for the protection LSP online when the working LSP is
calculated offline.
Maybe we're looking at different problems.
My understanding of the problem is that you would like to
compute n working LSPs on a network using an offline tool,
and each working LSP is to be protected by another protection
LSP using a common option; e.g., 1:1 or 1+1 (it may be
expanded to include shared protection).
The question is that would it be better for the protection
LSPs to be computed offline or online?

indra

Don Fedyk wrote:

>
>
> Indra
>
> I disagree, even if you compute your LSPs offline the protection is
> most useful on network. You can't possibly calculate all the failure
> possibilities offline. The only exception is dedicated protection
> circuity which is more expensive.
>
> Don
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Indra.Widjaja [mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com]
> > Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 9:51 AM
> > To: Bora Akyol
> > Cc: HANSEN CHAN; mpls@UU.NET
> > Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
> >
> >
> > Bora Akyol wrote:
> >
> > > On the contrary,
> > >
> > > The IGP extensions are needed because most protection LSP
> > calculation
> > > happens on box and most vendors support automatic routing of LSPs.
>
> >
> > Actually, if you compute your working LSP offline, you would
> generally
> > prefer
> > to also compute the corresponding protection LSP offline, except for
>
> > local repair.
> >
> > indra
> >
> > >
> > >
> > > Bora Akyol
> > >
> > > At 01:59 PM 4/20/00 -0400, you wrote:
> > > >I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of
> > IGP in a MPLS
> > > >network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when
> > you're doing
> > > >on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's
> > MPLS network
> > > >are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why
> > would the use of
> > > >TE extension be critical?
> > > >
> > > >Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > > >
> > > >Thanks,
> > > >Hansen
> > > >
> >
> >
> >

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Don:
<p>I don't see your reasoning below. Could you please
<br>explain why you would still prefer to do the path selection
<br>for the protection LSP online when the working LSP is
<br>calculated offline.
<br>Maybe we're looking at different problems.
<br>My understanding of the problem is that you would like to
<br>compute n working LSPs on a network using an offline tool,
<br>and each working LSP is to be protected by another protection
<br>LSP using a common option; e.g., 1:1 or 1+1 (it may be
<br>expanded to include shared protection).
<br>The question is that would it be better for the protection
<br>LSPs to be computed offline or online?
<p>indra
<p>Don Fedyk wrote:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>&nbsp;
<p><font size=-1>Indra</font>
<p><font size=-1>I disagree, even if you compute your LSPs offline the
protection is</font>
<br><font size=-1>most useful on network. You can't possibly calculate
all the failure</font>
<br><font size=-1>possibilities offline. The only exception is dedicated
protection</font>
<br><font size=-1>circuity which is more expensive.</font>
<p><font size=-1>Don</font>
<p><font size=-1>> -----Original Message-----</font>
<br><font size=-1>> From: Indra.Widjaja [<a href="mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com">mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com</a>]</font>
<br><font size=-1>> Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 9:51 AM</font>
<br><font size=-1>> To: Bora Akyol</font>
<br><font size=-1>> Cc: HANSEN CHAN; mpls@UU.NET</font>
<br><font size=-1>> Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP</font>
<br><font size=-1>></font>
<br><font size=-1>></font>
<br><font size=-1>> Bora Akyol wrote:</font>
<br><font size=-1>></font>
<br><font size=-1>> > On the contrary,</font>
<br><font size=-1>> ></font>
<br><font size=-1>> > The IGP extensions are needed because most protection
LSP</font>
<br><font size=-1>> calculation</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > happens on box and most vendors support automatic
routing of LSPs.</font>
<br><font size=-1>></font>
<br><font size=-1>> Actually, if you compute your working LSP offline,
you would generally</font>
<br><font size=-1>> prefer</font>
<br><font size=-1>> to also compute the corresponding protection LSP offline,
except for</font>
<br><font size=-1>> local repair.</font>
<br><font size=-1>></font>
<br><font size=-1>> indra</font>
<br><font size=-1>></font>
<br><font size=-1>> ></font>
<br><font size=-1>> ></font>
<br><font size=-1>> > Bora Akyol</font>
<br><font size=-1>> ></font>
<br><font size=-1>> > At 01:59 PM 4/20/00 -0400, you wrote:</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > >I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension
of</font>
<br><font size=-1>> IGP in a MPLS</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > >network. From my understanding, you need TE extension
when</font>
<br><font size=-1>> you're doing</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > >on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in
today's</font>
<br><font size=-1>> MPLS network</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > >are usually computed off-node (in software tool),
why</font>
<br><font size=-1>> would the use of</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > >TE extension be critical?</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > ></font>
<br><font size=-1>> > >Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this
question.</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > ></font>
<br><font size=-1>> > >Thanks,</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > >Hansen</font>
<br><font size=-1>> > ></font>
<br><font size=-1>></font>
<br><font size=-1>></font>
<br><font size=-1>></font></blockquote>
</html>

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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "Indra.Widjaja" <Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>, HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: TE Extension of IGP
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Indra



 
Don: 

I don't see your reasoning below. Could you please 
explain why you would still prefer to do the path selection 
for the protection LSP online when the working LSP is 
calculated offline.   


I am assuming the state of the network is not in synch with the offline
tool. 

Of course one can make this a gray area as well by saying that the offline

tool could listen to IGP and generate paths but our experience is that TE

info changes faster than IGP reachability and hence we have proposed 

feedback that supports the online calculation tageted at the source node.  

 
Maybe we're looking at different problems. 
My understanding of the problem is that you would like to 
compute n working LSPs on a network using an offline tool, 
and each working LSP is to be protected by another protection 
LSP using a common option; e.g., 1:1 or 1+1 (it may be 
expanded to include shared protection). 
The question is that would it be better for the protection 
LSPs to be computed offline or online?  

If you do it that way, offline may be reasonable. The question is:  Is that
the majority

of your LSPs or just a selected few ?  A selected few is O.K. but for the
rest 

online scales better and is more manageable.  What I was talking about was 

restoration of LSPs that may take a little longer but is much less
expensive.

Don 

indra 


Don Fedyk wrote: 


  

Indra 


I disagree, even if you compute your LSPs offline the protection is 
most useful on network. You can't possibly calculate all the failure 
possibilities offline. The only exception is dedicated protection 
circuity which is more expensive. 


Don 


> -----Original Message----- 
> From: Indra.Widjaja [ mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com
<mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com> ] 
> Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 9:51 AM 
> To: Bora Akyol 
> Cc: HANSEN CHAN; mpls@UU.NET 
> Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP 
> 
> 
> Bora Akyol wrote: 
> 
> > On the contrary, 
> > 
> > The IGP extensions are needed because most protection LSP 
> calculation 
> > happens on box and most vendors support automatic routing of LSPs. 
> 
> Actually, if you compute your working LSP offline, you would generally 
> prefer 
> to also compute the corresponding protection LSP offline, except for 
> local repair. 
> 
> indra 
> 
> > 
> > 
> > Bora Akyol 
> > 
> > At 01:59 PM 4/20/00 -0400, you wrote: 
> > >I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of 
> IGP in a MPLS 
> > >network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when 
> you're doing 
> > >on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's 
> MPLS network 
> > >are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why 
> would the use of 
> > >TE extension be critical? 
> > > 
> > >Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question. 
> > > 
> > >Thanks, 
> > >Hansen 
> > > 
> 
> 
>


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<DIV><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
size=2>Indra</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE 
style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff solid 2px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">
    <DIV class=OutlookMessageHeader><FONT face="Times New Roman" 
    size=2><BR><BR></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>Don: 
    <P>I don't see your reasoning below. Could you please <BR>explain why you 
    would still prefer to do the path selection <BR>for the protection LSP 
    online when the working LSP is <BR>calculated offline.&nbsp;<SPAN 
    class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>&nbsp; 
    </FONT></SPAN>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
    size=2></FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff 
    face=Arial size=2>I am assuming the state of the network is not in synch 
    with the offline tool.&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
    size=2></FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff 
    face=Arial size=2>Of course one can make this a gray area as well by saying 
    that the offline</FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
    size=2></FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff 
    face=Arial size=2>tool could listen to IGP and generate paths but our 
    experience is that TE</FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>info 
    changes faster than IGP reachability and hence we have proposed 
    </FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
    size=2>feedback that </FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT 
    color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>supports the online calculation tageted at 
    the source node.&nbsp; </FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
    size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><BR>Maybe we're looking at different problems. 
    <BR>My understanding of the problem is that you would like to <BR>compute n 
    working LSPs on a network using an offline tool, <BR>and each working LSP is 
    to be protected by another protection <BR>LSP using a common option; e.g., 
    1:1 or 1+1 (it may be <BR>expanded to include shared protection). <BR>The 
    question is that would it be better for the protection <BR>LSPs to be 
    computed offline or online?&nbsp;<SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT 
    color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>If 
    you do it that way, offline may be reasonable. The question is:&nbsp; Is 
    that the majority</FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>of 
    your LSPs or just a selected few ?&nbsp; A selected few is O.K. but for the 
    rest&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
    size=2>online scales better and is more manageable.&nbsp; What I was talking 
    about was </FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
    size=2></FONT></SPAN><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff 
    face=Arial size=2>restoration of LSPs that may take a little longer but is 
    much less expensive.</FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P><SPAN class=410205914-21042000><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial 
    size=2>Don&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></P>
    <P>indra 
    <P>Don Fedyk wrote: 
    <BLOCKQUOTE TYPE = CITE>&nbsp; 
        <P><FONT size=-1>Indra</FONT> 
        <P><FONT size=-1>I disagree, even if you compute your LSPs offline the 
        protection is</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>most useful on network. You can't 
        possibly calculate all the failure</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>possibilities offline. The only exception is dedicated 
        protection</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>circuity which is more 
        expensive.</FONT> 
        <P><FONT size=-1>Don</FONT> 
        <P><FONT size=-1>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt; From: Indra.Widjaja [<A 
        href="mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com">mailto:Indra.Widjaja@tddny.fujitsu.com</A>]</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 9:51 AM</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; To: Bora Akyol</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; Cc: 
        HANSEN CHAN; mpls@UU.NET</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; Subject: Re: TE 
        Extension of IGP</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; Bora Akyol wrote:</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; On the 
        contrary,</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt; &gt; The IGP extensions are needed because most protection 
        LSP</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; calculation</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt; &gt; happens on box and most vendors support automatic 
        routing of LSPs.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt; Actually, if you compute your working LSP offline, you 
        would generally</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; prefer</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt; to also compute the corresponding protection LSP offline, 
        except for</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; local repair.</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; indra</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt; &gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; Bora Akyol</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; At 01:59 
        PM 4/20/00 -0400, you wrote:</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; &gt;I am 
        trying to understanding the use of TE extension of</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt; IGP in a MPLS</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; 
        &gt;network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; you're doing</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; 
        &gt;on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; MPLS network</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; 
        &gt;are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; would the use of</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; 
        &gt; &gt;TE extension be critical?</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; 
        &gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; &gt;Appreciate if someone can 
        shed some light on this question.</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; 
        &gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; &gt;Thanks,</FONT> <BR><FONT 
        size=-1>&gt; &gt; &gt;Hansen</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt; &gt; 
        &gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt;</FONT> <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt;</FONT> 
        <BR><FONT size=-1>&gt;</FONT></P></BLOCKQUOTE></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 21 14:40:46 2000
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Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 14:41:12 -0400
To: mpls@UU.NET
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-03.txt published
Cc: cheenu Srinivasan <csrinivasan@tachion.com>,
        arun Viswanathan <arun@force10networks.com>
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	Hi,

	We have published version -03 of the MPLS LSR
MIB. The modifications which appear in this version
were made as a result of the MPLS WG Last Call period
which took place a few weeks ago.

	In the time before this draft appears on the
MPLS web site, it can be found anonymously at:

ftp://anonymous@ftp-eng.cisco.com/tnadeau/draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-03.txt

	--Tom




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To: Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
CC: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>, HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
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--------------AD15C52378D6E3ED09EE9F98
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Don:

>
>
>      Maybe we're looking at different problems.
>      My understanding of the problem is that you would like to
>      compute n working LSPs on a network using an offline tool,
>      and each working LSP is to be protected by another
>      protection
>      LSP using a common option; e.g., 1:1 or 1+1 (it may be
>      expanded to include shared protection).
>      The question is that would it be better for the protection
>      LSPs to be computed offline or online?
>
>      If you do it that way, offline may be reasonable. The
>      question is:  Is that the majority
>
>      of your LSPs or just a selected few ?  A selected few is
>      O.K. but for the rest
>
The number of LSPs computed offline depends on the network environment.
In particular,
if the traffic demand for a given node pair is predictable for a
relatively long duration,
then there is a role for computing such an LSP offline. On the other
hand, if the traffic
demand cannot be predicted, then one has to resort to an online system
only.
It is generally not worth doing offline computation if only a few LSPs
are
computed offline since the major advantage of an offline system  is
better network
efficiency. This is because a few LSPs computed offline would mostly not
result in
a significant overall improvement. Of course, there are specific cases
which this
may not be true.


>
>
>      online scales better and is more manageable.  What I was
>      talking about was
>
>      restoration of LSPs that may take a little longer but is
>      much less expensive.
>
So you're refering to protection LSPs that are established "on-demand"
after
failure notification is received, in which case an online system is the
only option.

indra


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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
&nbsp;
<br>Don:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>
<blockquote 
style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff solid 2px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">&nbsp;
<br><span class=410205914-21042000></span>
<br>Maybe we're looking at different problems.
<br>My understanding of the problem is that you would like to
<br>compute n working LSPs on a network using an offline tool,
<br>and each working LSP is to be protected by another protection
<br>LSP using a common option; e.g., 1:1 or 1+1 (it may be
<br>expanded to include shared protection).
<br>The question is that would it be better for the protection
<br>LSPs to be computed offline or online?&nbsp;<span class=410205914-21042000></span>
<p><span class=410205914-21042000><font face="Arial"><font color="#0000FF"><font size=-1>If
you do it that way, offline may be reasonable. The question is:&nbsp; Is
that the majority</font></font></font></span>
<p><span class=410205914-21042000><font face="Arial"><font color="#0000FF"><font size=-1>of
your LSPs or just a selected few ?&nbsp; A selected few is O.K. but for
the rest&nbsp;</font></font></font></span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
The number of LSPs computed offline depends on the network environment.
In particular,
<br>if the traffic demand for a given node pair is predictable for a relatively
long duration,
<br>then there is a role for computing such an LSP offline. On the other
hand, if the traffic
<br>demand cannot be predicted, then one has to resort to an online system
only.
<br>It is generally not worth doing offline computation if only a few LSPs
are
<br>computed offline since the major advantage of an offline system&nbsp;
is better network
<br>efficiency. This is because a few LSPs computed offline would mostly
not result in
<br>a significant overall improvement. Of course, there are specific cases
which this
<br>may not be true.
<br>&nbsp;
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>
<blockquote 
style="BORDER-LEFT: #0000ff solid 2px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px"><font face="Arial"><font color="#0000FF"><font size=-1></font></font></font>&nbsp;
<p><span class=410205914-21042000><font face="Arial"><font color="#0000FF"><font size=-1>online
scales better and is more manageable.&nbsp; What I was talking about was&nbsp;</font></font></font></span>
<p><span class=410205914-21042000></span><span class=410205914-21042000><font face="Arial"><font color="#0000FF"><font size=-1>restoration
of LSPs that may take a little longer but is much less expensive.</font></font></font></span></blockquote>
</blockquote>
So you're refering to protection LSPs that are established "on-demand"
after
<br>failure notification is received, in which case an online system is
the only option.
<p>indra
<br>&nbsp;</html>

--------------AD15C52378D6E3ED09EE9F98--




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 21 23:07:16 2000
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To: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
CC: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@baynetworks.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
References: <38FF4570.8F70755D@newbridge.com> <200004201808.OAA23832@anoop.engeast> <20000420151540.E6168@uu.net> <38FF7EDD.7B1ED494@newbridge.com> <20000420190715.F6168@uu.net>
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Dan,

I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path computations online. But I
always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still computed
offline. You only use online computations when you're re-routing/repairing the LSPs
around some failure. Is my understanding correct?

Cheers,
Hansen

Daniel Awduche wrote:

> Hansen,
>
> Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
> in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> the online system with offline software tools.
>
> Cheers,
> /Dan
>
> On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > Dan,
> >
> > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed on the
> > node, not by software tools?
> >
> > Thanks,
> > Hansen
> >
> > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> >
> > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > off-node").
> > >
> > > Cheers,
> > > /Dan
> > >
> > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
> > > >                                                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > >
> > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
> > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > > >
> > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
> > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
> > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.
> > > >
> > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > >
> > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > > >



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To: Dave Cooper <dcooper@globalcenter.net>
cc: mpls@UU.NET
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 20 Apr 2000 16:05:24 -0000."
             <20000420160524.C18374@globalcenter.net> 
Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 23:27:36 -0400
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In message <20000420160524.C18374@globalcenter.net>, Dave Cooper writes:
> We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
> for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
> have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
> but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
> the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path 
> decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with 
> actual peak flows).
> 
> In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
> variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
> down customers, or other external factors) and its
> obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
> quickly.
> 
> I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
> have been working on developing software to help 
> manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
> is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
> bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
> routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some 
> in-house development, but we're always interested in 
> outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
> 
> -dave


Dave,

Solving this problem is what MPLS-OMP is intended for.  We do plan to
implement MPLS-OMP but there is a lot of work that needs to preceed
it.  OMP is on the back burner for now.  I'm busy with a CR
implementation.  We will also be making the CR bandwidth more dynamic
(use the greateer of a configured value or a filtered measurement).
That is also longer term.

The prior OMP documents are available at the temporary location:
http://www.fictitious.org/omp

[ Yes.  That's a real URL.  Don't be scared, its just a DNS name. :) ]

Regards,

Curtis


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Sat Apr 22 14:43:56 2000
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Date: Fri, 21 Apr 2000 13:27:59 +0200
From: Eduardo Otero <eduotero@worldonline.es>
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<font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Hi,</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font size=-1><font face="Arial,Helvetica">I'm looking for this document:
</font><font face="Courier New,Courier">draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Also I would like to know
if there this is the last version of the draft.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Thanks a lot.</font></font><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1></font></font>
<p><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font size=-1>Diego Otero</font></font>
<br><font face="Courier New,Courier"><font size=-1></font></font>&nbsp;</html>




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Date: Sat, 22 Apr 2000 15:02:41 -0400
To: Eduardo Otero <eduotero@worldonline.es>, mpls@UU.NET
From: Steve Kohalmi <skohalmi@quarrytech.com>
Subject: Re: Looking for draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt
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Diego,

Here it is. I don't know about its status.

Steve


At 1:27 PM +0200 4/21/00, Eduardo Otero wrote:
>Hi,
>
>I'm looking for this document: draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt
>Also I would like to know if there this is the last version of the draft.
>
>Thanks a lot.
>
>Diego Otero
>

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Diego,


Here it is. I don't know about its status.


Steve



At 1:27 PM +0200 4/21/00, Eduardo Otero wrote:

<excerpt><fontfamily><param>Arial</param>Hi,


I'm looking for this document:
</fontfamily><fontfamily><param>Courier_New</param>draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-0=
0.txt

</fontfamily><fontfamily><param>Arial</param>Also I would like to know
if there this is the last version of the draft.


Thanks a lot.


Diego Otero

=20

</fontfamily></excerpt><fontfamily><param>Arial</param></fontfamily>

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MPLS Working Group                                           D. Jamieson
Internet Draft                                               B. Jamoussi
Expiration Date: January 1999                                G. Wright
                                                             P. Beaubien
                                          Nortel (Northern Telecom) Ltd.
                                                             August 1998

                         MPLS VPN Architecture

                    <draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt>

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft.  Internet-Drafts are working
   documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas,
   and its working groups.  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   To learn the current status of any Internet-Draft, please check the
   "1id-abstracts.txt" listing contained in the Internet-Drafts Shadow
   Directories on ftp.is.co.za (Africa), nic.nordu.net (Europe),
   munnari.oz.au (Pacific Rim), ds.internic.net (US East Coast), or
   ftp.isi.edu (US West Coast).

Abstract

   This Internet Draft defines an architectural model for building
   Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) in an MPLS domain. The proposed model
   takes advantage of both network layer peering and packet switching,
   and link layer circuits and per-stream switching. The model provides
   a set of simple mechanisms for controlling VPN membership, including
   registration, propagation, discovery, and dynamic creation of Label
   Switch Paths to provide connectivity.

   The architectural constructs described in this document, when
   combined with the MPLS architecture [1], provide a flexible and
   scaleable basis for building VPNs.

Table of Contents

   1       Introduction ............................................  2
   2       Architectural Overview ..................................  3
   2.1     Building Blocks .........................................  3



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 1]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   2.2     MPLS-VPN Architecture Summary ...........................  5
   2.3     Emulated LAN Model ......................................  7
   2.4     Elements of a LAN Model .................................  7
   2.5     Other Models ............................................  8
   3       Architectural Details ...................................  8
   3.1     Registration of VPN and VPN subnet Information on a PEL .  8
   3.2     Distribution of VPN Information .........................  9
   3.2.1   Static Provisioning ..................................... 10
   3.2.2   OSPF Opaque LSAs Option ................................. 10
   3.2.3   TCP Connection/BGP Options .............................. 10
   3.2.4   Withdrawal of VPN Subnet Information .................... 10
   3.3     Establishment of VPN Subnet LSPs ........................ 10
   3.3.1   Creation of Unicast LSPs ................................ 10
   3.4     Creation of Multicast LSPs .............................. 11
   3.5     Layer 3 Modeling of VSI ................................. 12
   3.6     Layer 3 to Layer 2 Address Mapping ...................... 13
   3.7     PNL Routing & Forwarding ................................ 13
   4       Extending MPLS into the VPN Member Network .............. 13
   5       Summary ................................................. 14
   6       Security Considerations ................................. 14
   6.1     User Data Privacy and User Address Privacy .............. 14
   6.2     Service Provider Security ............................... 14
   7       Intellectual Property Considerations .................... 14
   8       Acknowledgement ......................................... 14
   9       References .............................................. 15
   10      Authors' Addresses ...................................... 15

1. Introduction

   Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) enable private restricted
   communications of distinct, closed networks over a common shared
   network infrastructure.  Supporting VPNs with MPLS or other
   connectionless and connection-oriented layers requires three basic
   functions.

      - Discovery of VPN members.

      It is assumed that VPN members connect to a provider network and
      those members need to find out what other members there are in the
      VPN. Members may join and leave the service network and those
      changes need to be known by all remaining members. Mechanisms to
      support discovery include manual configuration, client-server
      approaches, and notification provided by the provider network
      (i.e., auto-discovery). The discovery of membership in one VPN
      must not allow members of other VPNs to be discovered. That is,
      discovery within a VPN is kept separate from discovery in another
      VPN in the same provider network.




Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 2]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


      - Exchanging reachability and control traffic between VPN members.

      Members in the same VPN need to exchange reachability information
      about their network layer addresses. These addresses may be in a
      different space from the provider network and may in fact overlap
      with other VPN address spaces. Control traffic could include
      topology information specific to that VPN. As with the discovery
      mechanism, the exchange of reachability and control traffic must
      be kept separate between VPNs sharing the same provider network.

      - Carrying data traffic between VPN members.

      This mechanism enables data traffic to be carried between users
      within a VPN. Data traffic from different VPNs is kept separate.

   In [2] the discovery mechanism involves local configuration (VPNid)
   and then propagation in LDP, OSPF, or BGP. The reachability exchange
   is also accomplished by LDP, OSPF, or BGP. Topology information is
   not propagated between VPN member subnets over the MPLS network
   providing the VPN service. Data traffic is carried on LSPs which are
   created to connect all members of the same VPN.

   This Internet-Draft proposes the use of OSPF, BGP-4, or TCP
   connections for the discovery mechanism. Reachability and control
   traffic (topology information) are exchanged over LSPs which are
   setup between members in the same VPN. Data traffic is carried on
   LSPs which are created to connect all members of the same VPN.

   This internet draft is different from [2] and is proposed as an
   alternative.

   In Section 2, an architectural overview of building VPNs in an MPLS
   domain is presented. Section 3 presents the details of the proposed
   architecture. Extending MPLS into the VPN member network is
   highlighted in Section 4. Section 5 summarizes the draft.

2. Architectural Overview

2.1 Building Blocks

   The building blocks of the MPLS VPN architecture proposed in this
   draft are shown in Figure 1 and described in this section.

      Private Network LSR (PNL):

      The PNL is a device that runs standards based layer 3 (OSPF, BGP,
      RIP, static routes, etc.) protocols to distribute and calculate
      reachability information for the private network. It also runs an



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 3]






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      LDP [3] process for the purpose of establishing Label Switched
      Paths (LSP) between itself and other members of the same VPN
      connected over the provider network. The PNL may be a physical
      device that resides in either the private or provider's premise.
      It could also be a logical device embedded in some other device,
      such as a Provider Edge LSR (PEL).


        PNL            PEL    Core LSRs       PEL             PNL
       +------+ SAL   +----+  +--+  +--+     +----+    SAL  +------+
       |  A   |-------|    |--| 1|--| 2|-----|    |---------|  B   |
       +------+       | Y  |  +--+  +--+   / | X  |         +------+
                      +----+   \     |   /   +----+
                                \    |  /
                                 \   | /    +----+    SAL  +------+
                                  \ +--+    |    |---------|  C   |
                                   \| 3|----| Z  |         +------+
                                    +--+    +----+           PNL
                                              PEL

                       Figure 1. MPLS VPN Architecture

      Provider Edge LSR (PEL):

      The Provider Edge LSR (PEL) is an LSR in the provider domain. It
      has one or more Shared Access Links (SALs) connecting it to one or
      more PNLs. LDP peering is established over these SALs which is
      used to setup end to end (PNL to PNL) LSPs.

      PELs dynamically discover other PELs supporting the same VPN and
      VPN subnets. LSPs are then established between those PELs to
      transport VPN traffic.

      Core LSR:

      Core LSRs provide transport across the provider network. They run
      a layer 3 protocol and MPLS. Core LSRs don't attach directly to
      PNLs.

      Shared Access Link (SAL):

      The SAL is a IP capable physical or logical link that connects the
      PNL to the PEL.

      VPN Subnets:

      A VPN subnet connects an IP subnet between 2 or more PNLs. A VPN
      subnet is uniquely identified within the provider network by a VPN



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 4]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


      Id, an IP address and prefix.

      VPN Subnet Interface (VSI):

      The IP interface on a PNL for an VPN subnet. A SAL supports 1 or
      more VSIs.


   The PNL device has a Shared Access Link (SAL) to a PEL. A VPN Subnet
   Interface (VSI) is established over the SAL. The VSI is viewed as a
   broadcast emulated LAN interface by the IP process running on the
   PNL. IP routing information can be exchanged between all PNLs of the
   same VPN subnet. The emulated LAN connectivity is achieved using a
   set of LSPs.

2.2 MPLS-VPN Architecture Summary

   - The provider network provides LSPs that are used by PNLs of the
   same VPN subnet to exchange VPN routing information and to carry
   datagrams across the provider network.

   - The exchange of routing information across provider network is
   dynamic. This property eases network management and removes the need
   for static routing requiring operator intervention.

   - No routing information is exchanged between PNLs and PELs. PNLs
   form peering relationships across the provider network. Eliminating
   the routing exchange between the PNL and the PEL provides several
   benefits:

      - Topology changes (route flapping) in the private network are
      transparent to the provider network. Routing engines in the LSRs
      inside the provider network are not affected by route flaps.

      - Topology changes in provider network are transparent to private
      network. When routes change in the provider network, new LSPs are
      created to re-route the VPN traffic without involving the PNLs.

      - Private routes are never mixed with provider routes. This
      eliminates possible address conflicts between VPNs.

   - The provider network emulates a LAN for each VPN subnet. A
   particular PNL can send a unicast datagram to any other PNL in the
   same VPN subnet, or multicast a datagram to all other PNLs in the VPN
   subnet.

   - The ELAN requires multicast capability. This functionality can be
   accomplished three ways: multipoint-to-multipoint LSPs, a set of



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 5]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   point-to-multipoint LSPs, or by PNL copy and send broadcast over
   existing unicast LSPs.

   - Three types of LSPs are used to interconnect PNLs:

      - Multipoint-to-point LSP.

      Each PNL has a multipoint-to-point LSP directed to it. It is used
      by all other PNLs within the VPN subnet for unicast sends.

      - Multipoint-to-multipoint LSP (option 1).

      All PNLs are also interconnected using a bi-directional
      multipoint-to-multipoint LSP. It is used for sending multicast
      datagrams. There is one such LSP per VPN subnet.

      - Point-to-multipoint LSP (option 2).

      If multipoint-to-multipoint LSPs are not supported by the
      underlying infrastructure, then point-to-multipoint LSP going from
      each PNL to all other PNL in a VPN subnet is necessary.

      - LSP scaling within a SAL.

      N is defined as the number of PNLs in a VPN subnet. Each PNL
      therefore uses (assuming the single multipoint-to-point LSP
      model):

         - 1 label for the incoming unicast datagram traffic from all
         other PNLs in the subnet,

         - N-1 labels to send unicast datagrams to any other PNL in the
         subnet,

         - 1 label to send and receive multicast traffic on the subnet
         using multicast option 1.

         - N-1 labels to send and receive multicast traffic on the
         subnet using multicast option 2.

   - MAC addresses are represented as labels. For a particular PNL, say
   PNL A, the MAC address of another PNL, say PNL B, is the label that
   must be used by PNL A to send unicast datagrams to PNL B.  Because
   labels have local significance only, the MAC address used to reach a
   particular PNL is usually different for different senders.

   - Layer 2 to layer 3 address mapping is achieved through one of 2
   methods; propagating the information from the PEL to the PNL or a



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 6]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   modified ARP procedure

   - When the PNL is an LSR in its own right, label stacking can be used
   to label-switch datagrams in that PNL (instead of doing layer-3
   forwarding).

2.3 Emulated LAN Model

   To provide maximum flexibility to the VPN members, the provider
   network appears as a Local Area Network (LAN) to the various VPN
   member sites as shown in Figure 2.

   The MPLS architecture with architectural constructs described in this
   document provide for a flexible model to construct an emulated LAN in
   an efficient manner. There are several advantages to adopting an
   emulated LAN model as explained in this section:


                 PNL               |
                +------+           |     PNL
                |  A   |-----------|    +------+
                +------+           |----|  B   |
                                   |    +------+
                                   |
                                   |    +------+
                 Logical View of   |----|  C   |
                Provider Network ->|    +------+
                                   |     PNL

                 Figure 2. Emulated LAN in an MPLS Domain

   - The emulated LAN model provides IP address space conservation. IP
   address pace conservation occurs two ways. First by eliminating the
   double addressing requirement for IP tunneling and by decreasing the
   subnet requirements for equivalent connectivity with current ATM or
   FR services

   - The emulated LAN model simplifies the configuration of the VPN
   within the shared network. Adding or deleting a site from VPS only
   requires a change only on the interface being added or deleted.

2.4 Elements of a LAN model

   Each node is identified by a MAC address. A MAC address is equivalent
   to a Label on a VSI port.

   Each node on a LAN must be able to send a unicast packet to any other
   node on the LAN. This unicast traffic would include both control and



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 7]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   user traffic between any two given PNLs.

   Each node on a LAN must be able to transmit a single packet onto the
   LAN and have it delivered to all other nodes on the LAN (multicast).
   These packets are sent to a multicast MAC address. Multicast traffic
   includes Hello packets, LSAs, ARP, etc.

2.5 Other models

   This architecture does not rule out other models such as a star or
   point to point model. The details of other models are left for
   further study.

3. Architectural Details

   This sections describes the following architectural components of the
   proposal:

   - The provisioning of an SAL and the registration of VPN and VPN
   subnet information on a PEL

   - The distribution of the VPN information across in the provider
   network

   - The establishment of VPN subnet LSPs based on learned VPN subnet
   information

   - The modeling of the VPN subnet LSPs into a LAN like broadcast media
   on the PNL

3.1 Registration of VPN and VPN subnet information on a PEL

   The first step in adding a new site to a VPN subnet is to establish
   an SAL between the PEL and PNL. The SAL is the link over which LDP
   runs between the PEL and PNL. Only one SAL needs to be provisioned
   for all VPN subnets on a PNL, so if the SAL already existed this step
   can be skipped.

   Once the SAL has been provisioned on the PEL, a VPN Identifier is
   assigned to the SAL. There is a one to one mapping between VPN Id and
   SAL. Again, if the SAL was already provisioned then the VPN Id will
   also have been provisioned.

   The next step is to provision the VPN subnet information. This
   requires an IP address and prefix. The IP address and prefix are the
   same as the PNL's VSI to which this SAL is linked. The VPN Id
   together with the IP address and prefix define the VPN Subnet. The IP
   address itself defines an instance of the subnet. If the same PEL has



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 8]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   another SAL to another PNL that supports the same VPN Id and subnet
   then the IP address distinguishes between the two instances.

   A protocol could be used to dynamically learn the IP address and
   prefix from the PNL. Because the learning of this information causes
   the consumption of resources in the provider network, appropriate
   control mechanism would have to be part of the protocol. The details
   of such a protocol are left for further study.

   Once all of the VPN subnet information has been provisioned or
   learned on the PEL, LDP is triggered on the PEL to establish an LSP
   for the VPN subnet that goes from the PEL to the PNL. This LSP does
   not go any further at this point. It will be spliced onto a
   multipoint to point LSP later after other PELs supporting the same
   VPN subnet learn of the existence of this instance of the VPN subnet.

   The successful establishment of this first LSP also signals to the
   PEL that the PNL has provisioned the associated VSI port and that
   port is enabled.

3.2 Distribution of VPN information

   This section describes the distribution of the VPN subnet information
   within the provider network.

   All PELs in the network, at least those that have links to the same
   VPN Subnet, must be made aware of the other PELs that support the
   same VPN Subnet. This is required to establish LSPs across the
   provider network for the VPN Subnet.

   There are several ways to accomplish the distribution of the VPN
   information:

     - Static provisioning
     - OSPF opaque LSAs;
     - TCP connections;
     - BGP-4

   Regardless of the distribution mechanism, the information that is
   distributed is the PEL provider IP address and a list of VPN records.
   Each VPN record is a VPN Id followed by a list of IP address/prefix
   pairs. This information is referred to as the VPN subnet information.

   Other information that may be part of the VPN subnet information is a
   QOS value and a status flag. The status flag would indicate if the
   subnet is being added or withdrawn.

3.2.1 Static provisioning



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                     [Page 9]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   Each PEL that has a connection to a VPN subnet can be provisioned
   with VPN subnet information from other PELs that have a connection to
   the same subnet.

3.2.2 OSPF Opaque LSAs Option

   With opaque LSAs, the VPN subnet information is put into an opaque
   LSA and flooded throughout the OSPF AS. This information is
   delivered, reliably, to every other node via the normal LSA flooding
   mechanisms. The amount of information distributed in a single LSA
   (all, for a single VPN Id, for a single VPN subnet) is left for
   further study.

3.2.3 TCP connections/BGP Options

   The TCP connection option allows for a TCP connection to be
   established between a PEL and all other PELs that support the same
   set of VPN subnets.  The VPN information would be transmitted
   reliably across the TCP connections to the PEL peers. This option
   would require that the IP address of each PEL peer be provisioned,
   however, it provides an option that is independent of the layer 3
   routing protocol(s) running in the provider network.

   BGP-4, could also be modified to carry the VPN information. BGP-4
   would require a new opaque update type in which it would carry the
   VPN information.

3.2.4 Withdrawal of VPN subnet information.

   If an instance of a VPN subnet on a PEL is operationally or
   administratively disabled or deleted, the withdrawal of the VPN
   subnet information is distributed through the provider network using
   the same mechanism used to distribute new VPN subnet information. The
   format of a withdrawal message is left for further study. The
   withdrawal of an instance of VPN subnet information from a PEL will
   cause the removal of the LSPs that go to that VPN subnet instance on
   that PEL.

3.3 Establishment of VPN Subnet LSPs

   VPN subnet LSPs are created when a PEL learns, via one of the
   distribution mechanism described in 3.2, that it has a VPN subnet in
   common with some other PEL in the provider network. Two types of LSPs
   are created; unicast LSPs and multicast LSPs.

3.3.1 Creation of Unicast LSPs

   When a PEL receives new VPN information, it determines if any LSPs



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                    [Page 10]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   need to be established.

   First, the PEL determines if it has any VPNs in common with the new
   list. If so, it checks to see if it has any VPN subnets in common. If
   there are, LSPs are triggered for each of the IP addresses that are
   members of the subnets.

   In  Figure 3, the creation of LSPs is triggered when PEL X learns
   that PEL Y supports a common VPN subnet.

   Using the example below, an LSP will be established from PNL B to PEL
   X. LDP then continues to establish the LSP from X to Y.  At Y, the
   LSP is spliced onto the LSP that was created when the VPN subnet for
   PNL A was provisioned.

                ---------------------------------
                |                               |
        PNL     |  PEL    Core LSRs     PEL     |   PNL
       +------+ | +----+  +--+  +--+   +----+   |   +------+
       |  A   |---|    |<-| 1|--| 2|---|    |-------|  B   |
       +------+ | | Y  |  +--+  +--+   | X  |   |   +------+
                | +----+   ^      |   /+----+   |
                |           \     |  /          |
                |            \    | \/ +----+   |   +------+
                |             \ +--+   |    |-------|  C   |
                |              \| 3|<--| Z  |   |   +------+
                |               +--+   +----+   |    PNL
                |                               |
                |         Provider domain       |
                ---------------------------------

                        Figure 3. Unicast LSP Setup

   Downstream label allocation is used from the PELs (leafs of the
   multi-point to point tree) to the PNL. Upstream on demand label
   allocation is used by the PEL  (root of the mpt-to-pt tree) and its
   connected PNL.

   The LSP that is created is a unidirectional LSP that carries data
   from PNL B to PNL A. Within the provider network, the LSP can be
   established along the best hop route or an explicitly provisioned
   route. If during the establishment of a best hop LSP, another LSP is
   encountered that goes to the same destination for the same VPN
   subnet, the LSPs can be merged. For example, when Z tries to
   establish an LSP to Y, an existing LSP to Y for the given VPN subnet
   will be encountered on core router 3. The LSP will be merged at that
   point.




Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                    [Page 11]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


3.5 Creation of Multicast LSPs

   An emulated LAN must be able to multicast certain packets (Hellos,
   Routing Updates) across the LAN. This draft describes three options
   for providing this capability.

      1> A single bi-directional multi-point to multi-point LSP

      2> A set of unidirectional point to multi-point LSPs

      3> No multicast LSP is established. VSI interface is responsible
      for copying and sending multicast packets on all outgoing unicast
      LSPs.


   With option 1, when a PEL (e.g. X) learns of the existence of another
   PEL (e.g. Y) which supports a VPN subnet which it supports, the
   creation of both unicast and multicast LSPs are initiated. The
   multicast LSP is a bi-directional LSP that can follow either the next
   best hop route or an explicit route. If, during the creation of a
   next best hop multicast LSP, an existing multicast LSP is encountered
   for the same VPN, the LSP may be merged.

   Even though a merge point is encountered during the creation of a
   multi-point to multi-point LSP, LDP must continue through to the
   destination PNL in case the multicast LSP requires a new branch to
   reach the destination.

   Option 2 is simply a less efficient version of option one, at least
   in terms of label consumption. In this case a point to multi-point
   LSP is established from each PNL to all other PNLs for the VPN
   subnet. Again, they are established at the same time as the unicast
   LSPs.

   Option 3 is the least expensive in terms of label consumption and
   most expensive in terms of bandwidth and PNL/PEL resources. When the
   VSI media has a multicast packet to send it copies and sends the
   packet on each outgoing label for the VSI.

   Changes required to LDP to support multicast LSPs is left for further
   study.

3.6 Layer 3 Modeling of VSI

   For each VSI on a PNL there will be one multicast LSP, one incoming
   LSP and N-1 outgoing LSPs where N is the number of PNLs in the VPN
   subnet. The incoming label will be viewed by layer 3 as the  MAC
   address for the interface. The outgoing labels will be viewed as



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                    [Page 12]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   destination MAC addresses for all of the peer routers on the VSI. The
   multicast LSP will be viewed as the viewed as the multicast MAC
   address.

3.7 Layer 3 to Layer 2 address mapping

   Two methods of mapping layer 3 to layer 2 addresses for a VSI
   interface are proposed. The first is the distribution of the layer 3
   information learned on a PEL for a given VPN subnet into the PNL.
   This information is injected into the ARP table on the PNL. The
   second is a modified ARP protocol run between the PNLs on the VPN
   subnet.

   When a PEL learns VPN information from other PELs, it learns the VSI
   IP addresses that belong to VPN subnets. The PEL then triggers LDP to
   establish an LSP form the PNL to the PEL to reach that peer IP
   address. Once the LSP is established, the mapping, IP address to
   label is known. This information is then propagated into the PNL
   where it can be injected into the ARP table. It may be possible to
   use LDP on the PNL side to learn the mapping. The details of this
   mechanism are left for further study.

   The other option is to use a modified ARP that runs across the VPN
   subnet.  This would be similar to Inverse ARP in that when a new
   outgoing MAC label is enabled an ARP request is sent across that
   label. The receiver of the ARP request would put their own VSI IP
   address in the ARP response packet and send the packet.

   The local significance of labels and multipoint to point LSPs provide
   an additional twist. The ARP response packet may need to be sent on
   the multicast path. An ARP request has the sender's IP address in the
   packet. If the receiver of an ARP request had already resolved the
   mapping of the sender's IP address to MAC label, the response can be
   sent on that unicast LSP, otherwise the response must be sent on the
   multicast LSP.

3.8 PNL Routing and Forwarding

   Once the mapping for next hop IP address to MAC label is established,
   normal IP routing and forwarding can take place between the PNLs For
   each destination IP address that a PNL can send to, its forwarding
   table will contain an entry which contains the exit port, the next
   hop IP address to which the packet is to be sent and the MAC
   address/label for that next hop IP address.

4. Extending MPLS into the VPN Member's Network

   The private network could run MPLS across the VPN by forming LDP



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                    [Page 13]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   peers with other PNLs on the logical LAN and using a shim in the
   packet header to identify MPLS flows.

5. Summary

   This internet draft presents a VPN architecture over MPLS networks.
   It addresses the three basic functions required to establish VPNs
   over MPLS. Using an emulated LAN model for connectivity across the
   provider network, simplifies the configuration and management
   coordination effort between the service provider and the VPN.

6. Security Considerations

   One of the major functions of VPN is being able to provide both data
   privacy and addressing privacy for users [2]. The architecture
   proposed in this draft comes with built-in security which is robust
   under dynamic environment.

6.1 User Data Privacy and User Address Privacy

   Both user data privacy and user address privacy are achieved by
   assigning different VPN identifier to different VPN and building a
   separate logical network for each VPN. These logical networks may
   share the same physical connections. But as far as users are
   concerned, they won't see each other at all. The exceptional case
   will be one user participate in multiple VPNs. But that would be a
   configuration issue.

6.2 Service Provider Security

   Due to the emulated LAN model adopted in this architecture, each user
   won't see the service provider's network at all. i.e. the service
   provider's network is transparent to users. The latter case indicates
   that users can even have the same address space as the service
   provider's.

6.3 IP SEC

   Since the original VPN IP addresses can be transported across the
   provider network IP SEC functionality is not impacted. One benefit
   provided by this mode is IP SEC can run in transport as opposed to
   tunnel mode reducing bandwidth consumption across the provider
   network.

7. Intellectual Property Considerations

   Nortel may seek patent or other intellectual property protection for
   some of all of the technologies disclosed in this document. If any



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                    [Page 14]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   standards arising from this document are or become protected by one
   or more patents assigned to Nortel, Nortel intends to disclose those
   patents and license them on reasonable and non-discriminatory terms.

8. Acknowledgment

   The authors would like to acknowledge the valuable review and
   comments of Jerry Wu, Stephen Shew, Ian Duncan, and Scott Pegrum.

9. References

   [1] Rosen et al, "Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture",
   draft-ietf-mpls-arch-01.txt, March 1998.

   [2] J. Heinanen, et. al, "VPN support with MPLS", <draft-heinanen-
   mpls-vpn-01.txt>, March 1998.

   [3] Anderson, et. al., "Label Distribution Protocol", draft-mpls-
   ldp-00.txt, March 1998.

10. Authors' Addresses

   Dwight Jamieson
   Nortel (Northern Telecom), Ltd.
   PO Box 3511 Station C
   Ottawa ON K1Y 4H7
   Canada

   EMail: djamies@Nortel.ca

   Bilel Jamoussi
   Nortel (Northern Telecom), Ltd.
   PO Box 3511 Station C
   Ottawa ON K1Y 4H7
   Canada

   EMail: jamoussi@Nortel.ca

   Gregory Wright
   Nortel (Northern Telecom), Ltd.
   PO Box 3511 Station C
   Ottawa ON K1Y 4H7
   Canada

   EMail: gwright@Nortel.ca

   Paul Beaubien
   Nortel (Northern Telecom), Ltd.



Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                    [Page 15]






Internet Draft       draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt         August 1998


   PO Box 3511 Station C
   Ottawa ON K1Y 4H7
   Canada

   EMail: beaubien@Nortel.ca














































Jamieson, et. al.            August 7, 1998                    [Page 16]


--============_-1255692286==_============--


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 01:17:13 2000
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Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 10:40:45 +0530
From: Anup Anil Cheruvathoor <acheru@ficon-tech.com>
Organization: Ficon Technology
X-Mailer: Mozilla 4.06 [en] (Win95; I)
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To: Subodh Mathur <subodh@dtix.com>
CC: Peter Ashwood-Smith <petera@nortelnetworks.com>, mpls <mpls@UU.NET>,
        Bilel Jamoussi <jamoussi@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: Re: Preemption TLV in CR-LDP
References: <011701bfa514$2449d290$160d85a5@dti.daewoo.co.kr> <38FB235A.6AED8E76@americasm01.nt.com> <006401bfab9d$039477a0$9dae3ec6@salmon>
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Hi,

Subodh Mathur wrote:

> Hi,
> How will setting up of a CR LSP with Preemption TLV will deal with an
> existing CR LSP which has been setup without using optional Preemption TLV?.
> Assuming there is a contention of resources between them. The draft on
> CR-LDP does not make it clear or I might have missed it.

U can assume default setup and hold priority values for those CR-LSP which are
setup without the preemption TLVas an local decision. The values are 4 for
default.

This matter can be locally decided as to what is the default priority to be
given. Even if the pre-emption is not present, based on the other parameters
like FEC, bandwidth etc, LSR policies can  decide the  default setup and
hold-priority for the CR-LSP.


>
> Thanks,
> Subodh Mathur
> Digital Technology Inc.,
> Bedford, MA 01730

--

Name : Anup Anil Chervathoor
E-mail : mailto:acheru@ficon-tech.com
Web : www.ficon-tech.com





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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Multiprotocol Label Switching Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: MPLS Label Switch Router Management Information Base 
                          Using SMIv2
	Author(s)	: C. Srinivasan, A. Viswanathan, T. Nadeau
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-03.txt
	Pages		: 58
	Date		: 21-Apr-00
	
This memo defines an experimental portion of the Management
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From: "Ash, Gerald R (Jerry), ALARC" <gash@att.com>
To: "'Dave Cooper'" <dcooper@globalcenter.net>,
        "'HANSEN CHAN'"
	 <hchan@newbridge.com>
Cc: "Ash, Gerald R (Jerry), ALARC" <gash@att.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Backend TE Support
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 09:50:15 -0400
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The I-D located at
http://www.research.att.com/~jrex/jerry/
reports simulation results for various LSP computation alternatives (under
overload/failure scenarios on a large multiservice voice/data network):
- off-node (centralized) vs. on-node (distributed) computation
- available-bandwidth flooding vs. no available-bandwidth flooding
- effect of frequency of available-bandwidth flooding
- etc.
In the "Main" (summary) section of the draft, Table 1.2 summarizes the
comparison results:
- on-node LSP computation can outperform off-node computation
- LSP computation without available-bandwidth flooding can outperform
methods with available-bandwidth flooding
- etc.
A viewgraph summary of the draft (presented at the IETF-47 TEWG) is
available on request.
----------------------
Jerry Ash
AT&T Labs
Middletown, NJ, USA
gash@att.com
----------------------


>-----Original Message-----
>From: Dave Cooper [mailto:dcooper@globalcenter.net]
>Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2000 12:05 PM
>To: mpls@UU.NET
>Subject: Backend TE Support
>
>We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
>for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
>have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
>but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
>the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path 
>decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with 
>actual peak flows).
>
>In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
>variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
>down customers, or other external factors) and its
>obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
>quickly.
>
>I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
>have been working on developing software to help 
>manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
>is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
>bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
>routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some 
>in-house development, but we're always interested in 
>outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
>
>-dave
 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 09:58:33 2000
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From: Shahram Davari <Shahram_Davari@pmc-sierra.com>
To: "'George Swallow'" <swallow@cisco.com>,
        "'vsriniva@cosinecom.com'"
	 <vsriniva@cosinecom.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: delay in draft-mpls-diff-ext-05
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 06:51:32 -0700
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Hi George & Vijay,

This is to inform you and the MPLS WG that there will be a delay of 2 weeks
before releasing the promised version 05 of our draft. We expect to release
this draft by the second week of May. 

We would like to apologize for this delay, which is due to our main
co-author (Francois Le faucheur) being on maternity leave.

Best regards,

Shahram Davari
Product Research
PMC-Sierra Inc. 
555 Legget drive,
Suit 834, Tower B,
Ottawa, ON K2K 2X3, Canada
Phone: +1 (613) 271-4018
Fax  : +1 (613) 271-7007
    



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 09:59:58 2000
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From: "Mancour, Tim" <timm@tenornetworks.com>
To: "'Thomas D. Nadeau'" <tnadeau@cisco.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Cc: cheenu Srinivasan <csrinivasan@tachion.com>,
        arun Viswanathan
	 <arun@force10networks.com>
Subject: RE: draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-03.txt published
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 09:56:10 -0400
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Tom,

Everything looks good, I have just a few typographical comments:

      1) The syntax for mplsXCIndex is Integer32(0..2147483647), it
         should be Integer32(1..2147483647).

      2) In the descriptions of both mplsInterfaceTotalBandwidth and
         mplsInterfaceAvailableBandwidth, it says "kilobits per second
         (Kbps/sec)". It should be "kilobits per second (Kbps)".

      3) In the descriptions of both mplsTrafficParamMaxRate and
         mplsTrafficParamMeanRate it says "rate in bits/second". It
         should be "rate in kilobits/second".
  
      4) The syntax for mplsInSegmentNPop is Integer32(1..2147483647).
         Zero should be a valid value. Also, it was previously agreed 
         that INTEGER(0..255) was a better syntax for this object.

      5) For consistency, mplsMaxLabelStackDepth should also have a 
         syntax of INTEGER(1..255).

Thanks.
TimM   

-----Original Message-----
From: Thomas D. Nadeau [mailto:tnadeau@cisco.com]
Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 2:41 PM
To: mpls@UU.NET
Cc: cheenu Srinivasan; arun Viswanathan
Subject: draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-03.txt published



	Hi,

	We have published version -03 of the MPLS LSR
MIB. The modifications which appear in this version
were made as a result of the MPLS WG Last Call period
which took place a few weeks ago.

	In the time before this draft appears on the
MPLS web site, it can be found anonymously at:

ftp://anonymous@ftp-eng.cisco.com/tnadeau/draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-03.txt

	--Tom




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 11:50:35 2000
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From: Shahram Davari <Shahram_Davari@pmc-sierra.com>
To: Shahram Davari <Shahram_Davari@pmc-sierra.com>,
        "'George Swallow'"
	 <swallow@cisco.com>,
        "'vsriniva@cosinecom.com'" <vsriniva@cosinecom.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: delay in draft-mpls-diff-ext-05
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 08:43:48 -0700
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Sorry, I meant paternity leave.

- Shahram

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Shahram Davari [mailto:Shahram_Davari@pmc-sierra.com]
>Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 9:52 AM
>To: 'George Swallow'; 'vsriniva@cosinecom.com'
>Cc: mpls@UU.NET
>Subject: delay in draft-mpls-diff-ext-05
>
>
>Hi George & Vijay,
>
>This is to inform you and the MPLS WG that there will be a 
>delay of 2 weeks
>before releasing the promised version 05 of our draft. We 
>expect to release
>this draft by the second week of May. 
>
>We would like to apologize for this delay, which is due to our main
>co-author (Francois Le faucheur) being on maternity leave.
>
>Best regards,
>
>Shahram Davari
>Product Research
>PMC-Sierra Inc. 
>555 Legget drive,
>Suit 834, Tower B,
>Ottawa, ON K2K 2X3, Canada
>Phone: +1 (613) 271-4018
>Fax  : +1 (613) 271-7007
>    
>



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 12:55:22 2000
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Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 12:54:59 -0400
To: "Mancour, Tim" <timm@tenornetworks.com>, mpls@UU.NET
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-03.txt published
Cc: cheenu Srinivasan <csrinivasan@tachion.com>,
        arun Viswanathan <arun@force10networks.com>
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         Hi Tim,


>       1) The syntax for mplsXCIndex is Integer32(0..2147483647), it
>          should be Integer32(1..2147483647).

         You are right. We will fix this in a rev. that we
will publish on Wednesday. We will wait until then in case
we get other comments from folks. We encourage all interested
parties to please read over the current draft and submit
any errors you might find ASAP. 8)

>       2) In the descriptions of both mplsInterfaceTotalBandwidth and
>          mplsInterfaceAvailableBandwidth, it says "kilobits per second
>          (Kbps/sec)". It should be "kilobits per second (Kbps)".
>
>       3) In the descriptions of both mplsTrafficParamMaxRate and
>          mplsTrafficParamMeanRate it says "rate in bits/second". It
>          should be "rate in kilobits/second".

         We will fix these in the next revision. Dang typos.

>       4) The syntax for mplsInSegmentNPop is Integer32(1..2147483647).
>          Zero should be a valid value. Also, it was previously agreed
>          that INTEGER(0..255) was a better syntax for this object.

         The top most label must always be popped, so the default
value of this is set to 1, and the range correctly begins at
1. A value of 0 does not make sense.

>       5) For consistency, mplsMaxLabelStackDepth should also have a
>          syntax of INTEGER(1..255).

         The motivation was that the framework document did not
preclude the use of label stacks greater than 255, although we
couldn't determine why anyone would ever want to do this.

         --Tom





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 14:01:12 2000
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Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 13:58:36 -0400
From: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
To: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>
Cc: Anoop Ghanwani <anoop@baynetworks.com>, mpls@UU.NET,
        Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
Message-ID: <20000424135836.A28633@uu.net>
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Hansen,

Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational model in many
contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service providers
have the option to activate these aspects according to their
circumstance and needs...

As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate capacity, online
constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path placement. In
relatively under-capacitated networks, however, significant 
offline effort may be required to squeeze additional utility from the
infrastructure.

Cheers,
/Dan

On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> Dan,
> 
> I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path computations online. But I
> always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still computed
> offline. You only use online computations when you're re-routing/repairing the LSPs
> around some failure. Is my understanding correct?
> 
> Cheers,
> Hansen
> 
> Daniel Awduche wrote:
> 
> > Hansen,
> >
> > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
> > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> > the online system with offline software tools.
> >
> > Cheers,
> > /Dan
> >
> > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > Dan,
> > >
> > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed on the
> > > node, not by software tools?
> > >
> > > Thanks,
> > > Hansen
> > >
> > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > >
> > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > > off-node").
> > > >
> > > > Cheers,
> > > > /Dan
> > > >
> > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in a MPLS
> > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when you're doing
> > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS network
> > > > >                                                    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > > >
> > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's limiting
> > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > > > >
> > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more dynamic,
> > > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining paths
> > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP extensions.
> > > > >
> > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would the use of
> > > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > > > >


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 14:29:28 2000
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Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 14:28:32 -0400
To: Daniel McRobb <dwm@caida.org>, mpls@UU.NET
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: draft-ietf-mpls-te-mib-03.txt IMPORTS nitpick
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         Hi,

         Sorry for the delay in getting back to you.
The LSR MIB has consumed all of our "ietf" bandwidth
lately. *)

>DisplayString should be imported from SNMPv2-TC since it's
>used as the syntax for mplsTunnelName and mplsTunnelDescr.

         Yes, this makes sense. We will make the change in the
next revision.

         --Tom




--=====================_20182532==_.ALT
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<html>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Hi,<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Sorry for
the delay in getting back to you.<br>
The LSR MIB has consumed all of our &quot;ietf&quot; bandwidth<br>
lately. *)<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite>DisplayString should be imported from
SNMPv2-TC since it's <br>
used as the syntax for mplsTunnelName and
mplsTunnelDescr.</blockquote><br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>Yes, this
makes sense. We will make the change in the<br>
next revision.<br>
<br>
<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>--Tom<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</html>

--=====================_20182532==_.ALT--




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 15:43:49 2000
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Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 12:40:58 -0700
To: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: RE: Backend TE Support
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Don

I have reviewed the presentation and one concern that I have about defining 
metric but leaving them optional and "unnamed" is that they will be just 
like the EXP bits. Everybody will know what they will be used for but 
because they are unnamed we will not be able to use them in a multi-vendor 
environment.

Hence, I would like to suggest that we name Optional Metric 1 as the "Link 
Utilization Metric", Optional Metric 2 as the "Affinity Metric", Optional 
Metric 3 as the "Bora" (just kidding), "Administrative Cost Metric".

What do you think?

Bora


At 01:54 PM 4/21/00 +0000, Don Fedyk wrote:

>Bora
>
>We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple metrics. This
>has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by me.   The last
>presentation is at
>
><http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf>http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf 
>
>
>We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that there are multiple
>metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, since we believe that
>that is justification enough. We thought that utilization might be
>one of the possible values in the future I would be interested in your
>comments.
>I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS dicussion groups in the
>next day or so.
>
>Don
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Bora Akyol [<mailto:akyol@pluris.com>mailto:akyol@pluris.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2000 11:13 PM
> > To: mpls@UU.NET
> > Cc: akyol@pluris.com
> > Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
> >
> >
> >
> > [posted to the MPLS mailing list]
> >
> > A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had
> > suggested to add a
> > current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE extensions
> > which got shot
> > down due to concerns roughly voiced as " Oh, if you flood
> > dynamic network
> > information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize
> > the network." Of
> > course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual
> > deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!
> >
> >
> > But if there is an interest from the network service
> > providers, maybe we
> > can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.
> >
> >
> > I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an
> > ID. Moreover,
> > once we do put this extension in, it allows for different
> > approaches to
> > traffic engineering.
> >
> >
> > Regards
> >
> > Bora Akyol
> >
> >
> > At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:
> > >We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
> > >for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
> > >have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
> > >but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
> > >the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path
> > >decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with
> > >actual peak flows).
> > >
> > >In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
> > >variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
> > >down customers, or other external factors) and its
> > >obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
> > >quickly.
> > >
> > >I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
> > >have been working on developing software to help
> > >manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
> > >is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
> > >bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
> > >routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some
> > >in-house development, but we're always interested in
> > >outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
> > >
> > >-dave
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> >


--=====================_14113383==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="us-ascii"

<html>
Don<br>
<br>
I have reviewed the presentation and one concern that I have about
defining metric but leaving them optional and &quot;unnamed&quot; is that
they will be just like the EXP bits. Everybody will know what they will
be used for but because they are unnamed we will not be able to use them
in a multi-vendor environment.<br>
<br>
Hence, I would like to suggest that we name Optional Metric 1 as the
&quot;Link Utilization Metric&quot;, Optional Metric 2 as the
&quot;Affinity Metric&quot;, Optional Metric 3 as the &quot;Bora&quot;
(just kidding), &quot;Administrative Cost Metric&quot;.<br>
<br>
What do you think?<br>
<br>
Bora<br>
<br>
<br>
At 01:54 PM 4/21/00 +0000, Don Fedyk wrote:<br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite cite><font size=2>Bora&nbsp; <br>
</font><br>
<font size=2>We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple
metrics. This </font><br>
<font size=2>has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by
me.&nbsp;&nbsp; The last </font><br>
<font size=2>presentation is at</font> <br>
<br>
<font size=2><a href="http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf">http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf</a></font>
<br>
<br>
<font size=2>We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that there are multiple</font> <br>
<font size=2>metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, since we believe that </font><br>
<font size=2>that is justification enough. We thought that utilization might be </font><br>
<font size=2>one of the possible values in the future I would be interested in your </font><br>
<font size=2>comments. </font><br>
<font size=2>I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS dicussion groups in the</font> <br>
<font size=2>next day or so. <br>
</font><br>
<font size=2>Don</font> <br>
<br>
<font size=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; From: Bora Akyol [<a href="mailto:akyol@pluris.com">mailto:akyol@pluris.com</a>]</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2000 11:13 PM</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; To: mpls@UU.NET</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; Cc: akyol@pluris.com</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; Subject: Re: Backend TE Support</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; [posted to the MPLS mailing list]</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; suggested to add a</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE extensions </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; which got shot</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; down due to concerns roughly voiced as &quot; Oh, if you flood </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; dynamic network</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; the network.&quot; Of</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; But if there is an interest from the network service </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; providers, maybe we</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; ID. Moreover,</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; once we do put this extension in, it allows for different </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; approaches to</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; traffic engineering.</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; Regards</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; Bora Akyol</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;have faced is not just the stability of the protocol</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;the TE bandwidth statements used to make &quot;optimal&quot; path </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;actual peak flows).</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;down customers, or other external factors) and its</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;obvious that TE bandwidth can become &quot;outdated&quot; fairly</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;quickly.</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;have been working on developing software to help </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;manage this critical component of MPLS.&nbsp; The old adage</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;is correct in &quot;Garbage in, Garbage out&quot; and if TE</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;routed over optimal paths.&nbsp; We have been doing some </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;in-house development, but we're always interested in </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;outside input or even code that can be co-developed.</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;-dave</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; &gt;</font> <br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font><br>
<font size=2>&gt; </font></blockquote><br>
</html>

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From: anoop@baynetworks.com (Anoop Ghanwani)
Message-Id: <200004241949.PAA26432@anoop.engeast>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
In-Reply-To: <4.3.1.2.20000424123822.00aef900@localhost> from Bora Akyol at "Apr
 24, 2000 12:40:58 pm"
To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 15:49:49 -0400 (EDT)
CC: "Fedyk, Don (D.W.) [EXCHANGE:BL60:2001]" <dwfedyk@americasm01.nt.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
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It's actually a little different than the EXP bits in MPLS.

Basically, we have multiple metrics and a service provider
can configure TE Metric 1 to be delay across his network.
The burden of maintaining consistency is with the provider.
Once he knows what TE Metric 1 represents, he just asks
for an LSP that minimizes that metric.  I don't see why it
would cause interoperability problems.  

Unlike with the EXP bits, every vendor just treats these as dumb
numbers and picks one (TE metric 1, 2, 3 or 4) and uses the one
specified by the operator as the one to be minimized during path 
selection for an LSP, possibly ignoring all the others.

-Anoop

> Don
> 
> I have reviewed the presentation and one concern that I have about defining 
> metric but leaving them optional and "unnamed" is that they will be just 
> like the EXP bits. Everybody will know what they will be used for but 
> because they are unnamed we will not be able to use them in a multi-vendor 
> environment.
> 
> Hence, I would like to suggest that we name Optional Metric 1 as the "Link 
> Utilization Metric", Optional Metric 2 as the "Affinity Metric", Optional 
> Metric 3 as the "Bora" (just kidding), "Administrative Cost Metric".
> 
> What do you think?
> 
> Bora
> 
> 
> At 01:54 PM 4/21/00 +0000, Don Fedyk wrote:
> 
> >Bora
> >
> >We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple metrics. This
> >has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by me.   The last
> >presentation is at
> >
> ><http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf>http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf 
> >
> >
> >We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that there are multiple
> >metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, since we believe that
> >that is justification enough. We thought that utilization might be
> >one of the possible values in the future I would be interested in your
> >comments.
> >I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS dicussion groups in the
> >next day or so.
> >
> >Don
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Bora Akyol [<mailto:akyol@pluris.com>mailto:akyol@pluris.com]
> > > Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2000 11:13 PM
> > > To: mpls@UU.NET
> > > Cc: akyol@pluris.com
> > > Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > [posted to the MPLS mailing list]
> > >
> > > A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had
> > > suggested to add a
> > > current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE extensions
> > > which got shot
> > > down due to concerns roughly voiced as " Oh, if you flood
> > > dynamic network
> > > information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize
> > > the network." Of
> > > course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual
> > > deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!
> > >
> > >
> > > But if there is an interest from the network service
> > > providers, maybe we
> > > can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.
> > >
> > >
> > > I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an
> > > ID. Moreover,
> > > once we do put this extension in, it allows for different
> > > approaches to
> > > traffic engineering.
> > >
> > >
> > > Regards
> > >
> > > Bora Akyol
> > >
> > >
> > > At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:
> > > >We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
> > > >for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
> > > >have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
> > > >but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
> > > >the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path
> > > >decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with
> > > >actual peak flows).
> > > >
> > > >In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
> > > >variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
> > > >down customers, or other external factors) and its
> > > >obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
> > > >quickly.
> > > >
> > > >I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
> > > >have been working on developing software to help
> > > >manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
> > > >is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
> > > >bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
> > > >routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some
> > > >in-house development, but we're always interested in
> > > >outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
> > > >
> > > >-dave



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 16:46:01 2000
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From: "Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC" <alchiu@att.com>
To: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>, HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: TE Extension of IGP
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 16:42:21 -0400
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Hansen and Dan,

I just want to add one other point. When a network operator wants to use a
small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming all
other links having satisfactory performance, an offline tool may be the
preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that contribute to those
congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot spots, and then
figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and leave all the rest
of the traffic on its normal shortest path. 

As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation algorithms provided by
the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic into account
since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements from traffic on
LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation algorithm, he/she
needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate bandwidth
requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link (excluding the traffic
trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from the total
available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new available bandwidth
for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use.

Regards,
Angela

AT&T Labs
Room C4-3A22
200 Laurel Ave.
Middletown, NJ 07748
Tel. (732) 420-2290
Fax (732) 368-1746
Email: alchiu@att.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From:	Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]
> Sent:	Monday, April 24, 2000 1:59 PM
> To:	HANSEN CHAN
> Cc:	Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
> Subject:	Re: TE Extension of IGP
> 
> Hansen,
> 
> Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational model in many
> contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service providers
> have the option to activate these aspects according to their
> circumstance and needs...
> 
> As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate capacity, online
> constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path placement. In
> relatively under-capacitated networks, however, significant 
> offline effort may be required to squeeze additional utility from the
> infrastructure.
> 
> Cheers,
> /Dan
> 
> On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > Dan,
> > 
> > I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path computations
> online. But I
> > always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still
> computed
> > offline. You only use online computations when you're
> re-routing/repairing the LSPs
> > around some failure. Is my understanding correct?
> > 
> > Cheers,
> > Hansen
> > 
> > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > 
> > > Hansen,
> > >
> > > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> > > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
> > > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> > > the online system with offline software tools.
> > >
> > > Cheers,
> > > /Dan
> > >
> > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > > Dan,
> > > >
> > > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed
> on the
> > > > node, not by software tools?
> > > >
> > > > Thanks,
> > > > Hansen
> > > >
> > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > > >
> > > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > > > off-node").
> > > > >
> > > > > Cheers,
> > > > > /Dan
> > > > >
> > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in
> a MPLS
> > > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when
> you're doing
> > > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS
> network
> > > > > >
> ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > > > >
> > > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's
> limiting
> > > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > > > > >
> > > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more
> dynamic,
> > > > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining
> paths
> > > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP
> extensions.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would
> the use of
> > > > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > > > > >


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From: "David Allan" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Srinivas Makam <srinivas.makam@tellabs.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00
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	Srinivas:

	I think the objectives of the framework needs a few tweaks:

	Goals:
		
		Goal 'VII' probably should read, "the recovery actions of
lower layers".

		Goal 'X' really appears to be a subset of goal 'XII'. The
latency discussed in 'X' is only a subnet of the overall constraints and
performance characteristics 
		outlined in 'XII'. Suggest deleting 'X'.

		An implied goal is that MPLS based protection of traffic
should minimize the number of single points of failure in the MPLS protected
domain. It should be 
		explicitly brought out.

		Sometimes but not always, true "black box" behavior of MPLS
protection will be required. The egress point of a protected  LSP tunnel may
need to be pinned 
		to a specific LSR.  For some traffic types this requirement
can be relaxed.

	In 2.1.2 I'd like to suggest that a protection path may be
"pre-established", or "pre-qualified". If protection switch merely means a
PSL receiving notification of a failure on a specific LSP and switching
traffic to a different LSP which also ultimately gets the packets to the
same place, I really don't care how the alternate LSP came into being.
"pre-established" suggests that it was specifically created for the purpose
and that may not be the case.

	Cheers
	Dave


------_=_NextPart_001_01BFAE26.BA4E1D58
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
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charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2651.65">
<TITLE>Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Srinivas:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I think the =
objectives of the framework needs a few tweaks:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Goals:</FONT>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Goal 'VII' probably should read, &quot;the =
recovery actions of lower layers&quot;.</FONT>
</P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Goal 'X' really appears to be a subset of goal =
'XII'. The latency discussed in 'X' is only a subnet of the overall =
constraints and performance characteristics </FONT></P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">outlined in 'XII'. Suggest deleting 'X'.</FONT>
</P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">An implied goal is that MPLS based protection =
of traffic should minimize the number of single points of failure in =
the MPLS protected domain. It should be </FONT></P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">explicitly brought out.</FONT>
</P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Sometimes but not always, true &quot;black =
box&quot; behavior of MPLS protection will be required. The egress =
point of a protected&nbsp; LSP tunnel may need to be pinned </FONT></P>

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">to a specific LSR.&nbsp; For some traffic types =
this requirement can be relaxed.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">In 2.1.2 I'd like to =
suggest that a protection path may be &quot;pre-established&quot;, or =
&quot;pre-qualified&quot;. If protection switch merely means a PSL =
receiving notification of a failure on a specific LSP and switching =
traffic to a different LSP which also ultimately gets the packets to =
the same place, I really don't care how the alternate LSP came into =
being. &quot;pre-established&quot; suggests that it was specifically =
created for the purpose and that may not be the case.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Cheers</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01BFAE26.BA4E1D58--


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To: "Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC" <alchiu@att.com>
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Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
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Angela,

> I just want to add one other point. When a network operator wants to use a
> small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming all
> other links having satisfactory performance, an offline tool may be the
> preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that contribute to those
> congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot spots, and then
> figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and leave all the rest
> of the traffic on its normal shortest path.

If I understand the picture correctly, that offline tool should do the
following:

1. collect statistics from the network and analyze network trunk bandwidth
utilization to understand where the hot spot is
2. compute the LSP paths (offline) with certain algorithm for the optimal use of
trunk bandwidth in the network

But as Dan said in his message, LSPs are more likely to be computed online. I
cannot see how a node can compute all LSPs for the whole network. It might be
able to do a good job for LSPs originating from itself. But for LSPs originating
from other edge LSR? I would think a offline tool is a better place to plan for
all LSPs.

Cheers,
Hansen

>
>
> As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation algorithms provided by
> the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic into account
> since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements from traffic on
> LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation algorithm, he/she
> needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate bandwidth
> requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link (excluding the traffic
> trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from the total
> available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new available bandwidth
> for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use.
>
> Regards,
> Angela
>
> AT&T Labs
> Room C4-3A22
> 200 Laurel Ave.
> Middletown, NJ 07748
> Tel. (732) 420-2290
> Fax (732) 368-1746
> Email: alchiu@att.com
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]
> > Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 1:59 PM
> > To:   HANSEN CHAN
> > Cc:   Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
> > Subject:      Re: TE Extension of IGP
> >
> > Hansen,
> >
> > Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational model in many
> > contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service providers
> > have the option to activate these aspects according to their
> > circumstance and needs...
> >
> > As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate capacity, online
> > constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path placement. In
> > relatively under-capacitated networks, however, significant
> > offline effort may be required to squeeze additional utility from the
> > infrastructure.
> >
> > Cheers,
> > /Dan
> >
> > On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > Dan,
> > >
> > > I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path computations
> > online. But I
> > > always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still
> > computed
> > > offline. You only use online computations when you're
> > re-routing/repairing the LSPs
> > > around some failure. Is my understanding correct?
> > >
> > > Cheers,
> > > Hansen
> > >
> > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > >
> > > > Hansen,
> > > >
> > > > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> > > > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
> > > > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> > > > the online system with offline software tools.
> > > >
> > > > Cheers,
> > > > /Dan
> > > >
> > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > > > Dan,
> > > > >
> > > > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed
> > on the
> > > > > node, not by software tools?
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks,
> > > > > Hansen
> > > > >
> > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > > > > off-node").
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Cheers,
> > > > > > /Dan
> > > > > >
> > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in
> > a MPLS
> > > > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when
> > you're doing
> > > > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS
> > network
> > > > > > >
> > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's
> > limiting
> > > > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more
> > dynamic,
> > > > > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining
> > paths
> > > > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP
> > extensions.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would
> > the use of
> > > > > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > > > > > >



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 19:29:04 2000
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From: "Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC" <alchiu@att.com>
To: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>
Cc: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: TE Extension of IGP
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 19:26:41 -0400
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Hansen,

See comments in line.

Angela

AT&T Labs
Room C4-3A22
200 Laurel Ave.
Middletown, NJ 07748
Tel. (732) 420-2290
Fax (732) 368-1746
Email: alchiu@att.com

> -----Original Message-----
> From:	HANSEN CHAN [SMTP:hchan@newbridge.com]
> Sent:	Monday, April 24, 2000 6:17 PM
> To:	Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC
> Cc:	Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET
> Subject:	Re: TE Extension of IGP
> 
> Angela,
> 
> > I just want to add one other point. When a network operator wants to use
> a
> > small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming all
> > other links having satisfactory performance, an offline tool may be the
> > preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that contribute to those
> > congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot spots, and
> then
> > figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and leave all the
> rest
> > of the traffic on its normal shortest path.
> 
> If I understand the picture correctly, that offline tool should do the
> following:
> 
> 1. collect statistics from the network and analyze network trunk bandwidth
> utilization to understand where the hot spot is
> 2. compute the LSP paths (offline) with certain algorithm for the optimal
> use of
> trunk bandwidth in the network
	[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Yes. As I pointed out before, between your
steps 1 and 2, the offline tool needs to identify, for each hot spot, a set
of traffic trunks that contribute to the congestion and need to be rerouted.


> But as Dan said in his message, LSPs are more likely to be computed
> online. I
> cannot see how a node can compute all LSPs for the whole network. It might
> be
> able to do a good job for LSPs originating from itself. But for LSPs
> originating
> from other edge LSR? I would think a offline tool is a better place to
> plan for
> all LSPs.
	[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Actually, it is the ingress node (the node
where an LSP originates) that is responsible for the path computation based
on the link state information propagated via IGP extension.

	Angela

> Cheers,
> Hansen
> 
> >
> >
> > As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation algorithms
> provided by
> > the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic into account
> > since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements from traffic on
> > LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation algorithm,
> he/she
> > needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate bandwidth
> > requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link (excluding the traffic
> > trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from the total
> > available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new available
> bandwidth
> > for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Angela
> >
> > AT&T Labs
> > Room C4-3A22
> > 200 Laurel Ave.
> > Middletown, NJ 07748
> > Tel. (732) 420-2290
> > Fax (732) 368-1746
> > Email: alchiu@att.com
> >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]
> > > Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 1:59 PM
> > > To:   HANSEN CHAN
> > > Cc:   Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
> > > Subject:      Re: TE Extension of IGP
> > >
> > > Hansen,
> > >
> > > Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational model in many
> > > contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service providers
> > > have the option to activate these aspects according to their
> > > circumstance and needs...
> > >
> > > As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate capacity, online
> > > constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path placement. In
> > > relatively under-capacitated networks, however, significant
> > > offline effort may be required to squeeze additional utility from the
> > > infrastructure.
> > >
> > > Cheers,
> > > /Dan
> > >
> > > On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > > Dan,
> > > >
> > > > I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path computations
> > > online. But I
> > > > always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still
> > > computed
> > > > offline. You only use online computations when you're
> > > re-routing/repairing the LSPs
> > > > around some failure. Is my understanding correct?
> > > >
> > > > Cheers,
> > > > Hansen
> > > >
> > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > > >
> > > > > Hansen,
> > > > >
> > > > > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> > > > > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
> > > > > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> > > > > the online system with offline software tools.
> > > > >
> > > > > Cheers,
> > > > > /Dan
> > > > >
> > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > > > > Dan,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is
> computed
> > > on the
> > > > > > node, not by software tools?
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Thanks,
> > > > > > Hansen
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > > > > >
> > > > > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > > > > > off-node").
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Cheers,
> > > > > > > /Dan
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani
> wrote:
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of
> IGP in
> > > a MPLS
> > > > > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when
> > > you're doing
> > > > > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's
> MPLS
> > > network
> > > > > > > >
> > > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's
> > > limiting
> > > > > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering
> :-)
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more
> > > dynamic,
> > > > > > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining
> > > paths
> > > > > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP
> > > extensions.
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why
> would
> > > the use of
> > > > > > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this
> question.
> > > > > > > >


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 20:57:30 2000
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From: damjan.gautschi@ch.pwcglobal.com
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Date: Tue, 25 Apr 2000 02:51:26 +0200
Subject: =?iso-8859-1?Q?L2TP_and_MPLS_VPN=B4s?=
To: l2tp@ipsec.org
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how does L2TP work together with MPLS VPN´s?
Can it be used to ensure additional security, and is it reasonable to
interconnect different VNP´s trough L2-tunnels through a MPLS core?
Is there an extension for l2tp in PPPoATM to make it work over/under MPLS?

I'd appreciate any insite into this issue that you can provide.


cheers,

damjan
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 21:12:08 2000
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Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 18:07:22 -0700
From: Robert Raszuk <rraszuk@cisco.com>
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L2TP is mainly used as an access method to mpls-vpn network. There you
can also run IPSec if needed for encryption. I don't think that using it
inside your core which already is running mpls makes too much sens.

R.

> damjan.gautschi@ch.pwcglobal.com wrote:
> 
> how does L2TP work together with MPLS VPN´s?
> Can it be used to ensure additional security, and is it reasonable to
> interconnect different VNP´s trough L2-tunnels through a MPLS core?
> Is there an extension for l2tp in PPPoATM to make it work over/under MPLS?
> 
> I'd appreciate any insite into this issue that you can provide.
> 
> cheers,
> 
> damjan
> ----------------------------------------------------------------
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 22:47:55 2000
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As far as my understanding of path computation goes, in online path
computation scenario, which Dan mentioned is more likely to be the case,
what ensures that the ingress node(s) have a consistent view of the
network, how do we make sure that IGPs have converged and each node has
correct topology as well as TE database ? 

An offline tool i think "might" give a more realistic picture of the
network resource allocation state at any time, correct me if i am wrong. 

Manish




On Mon, 24 Apr 2000, Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC wrote:

> Hansen,
> 
> See comments in line.
> 
> Angela
> 
> AT&T Labs
> Room C4-3A22
> 200 Laurel Ave.
> Middletown, NJ 07748
> Tel. (732) 420-2290
> Fax (732) 368-1746
> Email: alchiu@att.com
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From:	HANSEN CHAN [SMTP:hchan@newbridge.com]
> > Sent:	Monday, April 24, 2000 6:17 PM
> > To:	Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC
> > Cc:	Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET
> > Subject:	Re: TE Extension of IGP
> > 
> > Angela,
> > 
> > > I just want to add one other point. When a network operator wants to use
> > a
> > > small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming all
> > > other links having satisfactory performance, an offline tool may be the
> > > preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that contribute to those
> > > congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot spots, and
> > then
> > > figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and leave all the
> > rest
> > > of the traffic on its normal shortest path.
> > 
> > If I understand the picture correctly, that offline tool should do the
> > following:
> > 
> > 1. collect statistics from the network and analyze network trunk bandwidth
> > utilization to understand where the hot spot is
> > 2. compute the LSP paths (offline) with certain algorithm for the optimal
> > use of
> > trunk bandwidth in the network
> 	[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Yes. As I pointed out before, between your
> steps 1 and 2, the offline tool needs to identify, for each hot spot, a set
> of traffic trunks that contribute to the congestion and need to be rerouted.
> 
> 
> > But as Dan said in his message, LSPs are more likely to be computed
> > online. I
> > cannot see how a node can compute all LSPs for the whole network. It might
> > be
> > able to do a good job for LSPs originating from itself. But for LSPs
> > originating
> > from other edge LSR? I would think a offline tool is a better place to
> > plan for
> > all LSPs.
> 	[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Actually, it is the ingress node (the node
> where an LSP originates) that is responsible for the path computation based
> on the link state information propagated via IGP extension.
> 
> 	Angela
> 
> > Cheers,
> > Hansen
> > 
> > >
> > >
> > > As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation algorithms
> > provided by
> > > the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic into account
> > > since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements from traffic on
> > > LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation algorithm,
> > he/she
> > > needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate bandwidth
> > > requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link (excluding the traffic
> > > trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from the total
> > > available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new available
> > bandwidth
> > > for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use.
> > >
> > > Regards,
> > > Angela
> > >
> > > AT&T Labs
> > > Room C4-3A22
> > > 200 Laurel Ave.
> > > Middletown, NJ 07748
> > > Tel. (732) 420-2290
> > > Fax (732) 368-1746
> > > Email: alchiu@att.com
> > >
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]
> > > > Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 1:59 PM
> > > > To:   HANSEN CHAN
> > > > Cc:   Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
> > > > Subject:      Re: TE Extension of IGP
> > > >
> > > > Hansen,
> > > >
> > > > Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational model in many
> > > > contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service providers
> > > > have the option to activate these aspects according to their
> > > > circumstance and needs...
> > > >
> > > > As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate capacity, online
> > > > constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path placement. In
> > > > relatively under-capacitated networks, however, significant
> > > > offline effort may be required to squeeze additional utility from the
> > > > infrastructure.
> > > >
> > > > Cheers,
> > > > /Dan
> > > >
> > > > On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > > > Dan,
> > > > >
> > > > > I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path computations
> > > > online. But I
> > > > > always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still
> > > > computed
> > > > > offline. You only use online computations when you're
> > > > re-routing/repairing the LSPs
> > > > > around some failure. Is my understanding correct?
> > > > >
> > > > > Cheers,
> > > > > Hansen
> > > > >
> > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > > Hansen,
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> > > > > > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
> > > > > > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> > > > > > the online system with offline software tools.
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Cheers,
> > > > > > /Dan
> > > > > >
> > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > > > > > Dan,
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is
> > computed
> > > > on the
> > > > > > > node, not by software tools?
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Thanks,
> > > > > > > Hansen
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > > > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > > > > > > off-node").
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Cheers,
> > > > > > > > /Dan
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani
> > wrote:
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of
> > IGP in
> > > > a MPLS
> > > > > > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when
> > > > you're doing
> > > > > > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's
> > MPLS
> > > > network
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's
> > > > limiting
> > > > > > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering
> > :-)
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more
> > > > dynamic,
> > > > > > > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining
> > > > paths
> > > > > > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP
> > > > extensions.
> > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why
> > would
> > > > the use of
> > > > > > > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this
> > question.
> > > > > > > > >
> 



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Mon Apr 24 22:59:15 2000
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From: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
To: "'MPLS'" <mpls@apollo.mctr.umbc.edu>,
        "Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC" <alchiu@att.com>
Cc: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>, Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>,
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Subject: RE: TE Extension of IGP and draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt
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To be polite (but blunt). I believe you are wrong for the following reasons.


For a centralized solution to have accurate information it must gather
information from all nodes at approximately the setup/clearning rate of LSPs
in the network. This of course is impractical because the setup/clearing
rate may be 1000's per second during failure/resetup events.

A far more practical approach is to have all nodes aware of general trends,
via the normal OSPF/IS-IS floods and significant floods, and to then
feedback information along routes that are being used either successfully or
unsuccessfully. This allows those nodes that are sourcing LSPs to stay
fairly close to in sync with respect to the real network state, at least for
the slices through the network they are using. We have done considerable
simulation and implementation of this kind of approach and it works quite
well.

See the following draft for descriptions of how this works. I also have a
presentation that was given at the IETF that I can forward to anybody that
is interested. 

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt
<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt> 

Oh, while I am at it, I am hoping to get a last call on this document ...
George, Vijay?

Cheers,

Peter Ashwood-Smith


	-----Original Message-----
	From:	MPLS [SMTP:mpls@apollo.mctr.umbc.edu]
	Sent:	Monday, April 24, 2000 10:46 PM
	To:	Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC
	Cc:	HANSEN CHAN; Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET
	Subject:	RE: TE Extension of IGP

	As far as my understanding of path computation goes, in online path
	computation scenario, which Dan mentioned is more likely to be the
case,
	what ensures that the ingress node(s) have a consistent view of the
	network, how do we make sure that IGPs have converged and each node
has
	correct topology as well as TE database ? 

	An offline tool i think "might" give a more realistic picture of the
	network resource allocation state at any time, correct me if i am
wrong. 

	Manish




	On Mon, 24 Apr 2000, Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC wrote:

	> Hansen,
	> 
	> See comments in line.
	> 
	> Angela
	> 
	> AT&T Labs
	> Room C4-3A22
	> 200 Laurel Ave.
	> Middletown, NJ 07748
	> Tel. (732) 420-2290
	> Fax (732) 368-1746
	> Email: alchiu@att.com
	> 
	> > -----Original Message-----
	> > From:	HANSEN CHAN [SMTP:hchan@newbridge.com]
	> > Sent:	Monday, April 24, 2000 6:17 PM
	> > To:	Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC
	> > Cc:	Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET
	> > Subject:	Re: TE Extension of IGP
	> > 
	> > Angela,
	> > 
	> > > I just want to add one other point. When a network operator
wants to use
	> > a
	> > > small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network
assuming all
	> > > other links having satisfactory performance, an offline tool
may be the
	> > > preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that contribute
to those
	> > > congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot
spots, and
	> > then
	> > > figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and leave
all the
	> > rest
	> > > of the traffic on its normal shortest path.
	> > 
	> > If I understand the picture correctly, that offline tool should
do the
	> > following:
	> > 
	> > 1. collect statistics from the network and analyze network trunk
bandwidth
	> > utilization to understand where the hot spot is
	> > 2. compute the LSP paths (offline) with certain algorithm for
the optimal
	> > use of
	> > trunk bandwidth in the network
	> 	[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Yes. As I pointed out before,
between your
	> steps 1 and 2, the offline tool needs to identify, for each hot
spot, a set
	> of traffic trunks that contribute to the congestion and need to be
rerouted.
	> 
	> 
	> > But as Dan said in his message, LSPs are more likely to be
computed
	> > online. I
	> > cannot see how a node can compute all LSPs for the whole
network. It might
	> > be
	> > able to do a good job for LSPs originating from itself. But for
LSPs
	> > originating
	> > from other edge LSR? I would think a offline tool is a better
place to
	> > plan for
	> > all LSPs.
	> 	[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Actually, it is the ingress node
(the node
	> where an LSP originates) that is responsible for the path
computation based
	> on the link state information propagated via IGP extension.
	> 
	> 	Angela
	> 
	> > Cheers,
	> > Hansen
	> > 
	> > >
	> > >
	> > > As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation
algorithms
	> > provided by
	> > > the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic
into account
	> > > since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements from
traffic on
	> > > LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation
algorithm,
	> > he/she
	> > > needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate
bandwidth
	> > > requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link (excluding
the traffic
	> > > trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from the
total
	> > > available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new
available
	> > bandwidth
	> > > for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use.
	> > >
	> > > Regards,
	> > > Angela
	> > >
	> > > AT&T Labs
	> > > Room C4-3A22
	> > > 200 Laurel Ave.
	> > > Middletown, NJ 07748
	> > > Tel. (732) 420-2290
	> > > Fax (732) 368-1746
	> > > Email: alchiu@att.com
	> > >
	> > > > -----Original Message-----
	> > > > From: Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]
	> > > > Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 1:59 PM
	> > > > To:   HANSEN CHAN
	> > > > Cc:   Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
	> > > > Subject:      Re: TE Extension of IGP
	> > > >
	> > > > Hansen,
	> > > >
	> > > > Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational
model in many
	> > > > contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service
providers
	> > > > have the option to activate these aspects according to their
	> > > > circumstance and needs...
	> > > >
	> > > > As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate
capacity, online
	> > > > constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path
placement. In
	> > > > relatively under-capacitated networks, however, significant
	> > > > offline effort may be required to squeeze additional utility
from the
	> > > > infrastructure.
	> > > >
	> > > > Cheers,
	> > > > /Dan
	> > > >
	> > > > On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
	> > > > > Dan,
	> > > > >
	> > > > > I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path
computations
	> > > > online. But I
	> > > > > always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks
are still
	> > > > computed
	> > > > > offline. You only use online computations when you're
	> > > > re-routing/repairing the LSPs
	> > > > > around some failure. Is my understanding correct?
	> > > > >
	> > > > > Cheers,
	> > > > > Hansen
	> > > > >
	> > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
	> > > > >
	> > > > > > Hansen,
	> > > > > >
	> > > > > > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations
perform
	> > > > > > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory
requirement
	> > > > > > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to
augment
	> > > > > > the online system with offline software tools.
	> > > > > >
	> > > > > > Cheers,
	> > > > > > /Dan
	> > > > > >
	> > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN
wrote:
	> > > > > > > Dan,
	> > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of
LSPs is
	> > computed
	> > > > on the
	> > > > > > > node, not by software tools?
	> > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > Thanks,
	> > > > > > > Hansen
	> > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
	> > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is
false
	> > > > > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually
computed
	> > > > > > > > off-node").
	> > > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > Cheers,
	> > > > > > > > /Dan
	> > > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop
Ghanwani
	> > wrote:
	> > > > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE
extension of
	> > IGP in
	> > > > a MPLS
	> > > > > > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE
extension when
	> > > > you're doing
	> > > > > > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in
today's
	> > MPLS
	> > > > network
	> > > > > > > > >
	> > > > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
	> > > > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever
because it's
	> > > > limiting
	> > > > > > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic
engineering
	> > :-)
	> > > > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to
be more
	> > > > dynamic,
	> > > > > > > > > and the routers would play a more active role in
determining
	> > > > paths
	> > > > > > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence
the IGP
	> > > > extensions.
	> > > > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software
tool), why
	> > would
	> > > > the use of
	> > > > > > > > > > TE extension be critical?
	> > > > > > > > > >
	> > > > > > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on
this
	> > question.
	> > > > > > > > >
	> 
	

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<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2651.65">
<TITLE>RE: TE Extension of IGP and =
draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">To be polite (but blunt). I believe =
you are wrong for the following reasons. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">For a centralized solution to have =
accurate information it must gather information from all nodes at =
approximately the setup/clearning rate of LSPs in the network. This of =
course is impractical because the setup/clearing rate may be 1000's per =
second during failure/resetup events.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">A far more practical approach is to =
have all nodes aware of general trends, via the normal OSPF/IS-IS =
floods and significant floods, and to then feedback information along =
routes that are being used either successfully or unsuccessfully. This =
allows those nodes that are sourcing LSPs to stay fairly close to in =
sync with respect to the real network state, at least for the slices =
through the network they are using. We have done considerable =
simulation and implementation of this kind of approach and it works =
quite well.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">See the following draft for =
descriptions of how this works. I also have a presentation that was =
given at the IETF that I can forward to anybody that is interested. =
</FONT></P>

<P><A =
HREF=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.t=
xt"><U><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-fe=
ed-00.txt</FONT></U></A>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Oh, while I am at it, I am hoping to =
get a last call on this document ... George, Vijay?</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Cheers,</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Peter Ashwood-Smith</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<UL>
<P><A NAME=3D"_MailData"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">-----Original =
Message-----</FONT></A>
<BR><B><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">From:&nbsp;&nbsp; MPLS =
[SMTP:mpls@apollo.mctr.umbc.edu]</FONT></B>
<BR><B><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Sent:&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></B> <FONT =
SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Monday, April 24, 2000 10:46 PM</FONT>
<BR><B><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">To:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></B> <FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC</FONT>
<BR><B><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">Cc:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></B> <FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">HANSEN CHAN; Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET</FONT>
<BR><B><FONT SIZE=3D2 =
FACE=3D"Arial">Subject:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>=
</B> <FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">RE: TE Extension of IGP</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">As far as my understanding of path =
computation goes, in online path</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">computation scenario, which Dan =
mentioned is more likely to be the case,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">what ensures that the ingress node(s) =
have a consistent view of the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">network, how do we make sure that =
IGPs have converged and each node has</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">correct topology as well as TE =
database ? </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">An offline tool i think =
&quot;might&quot; give a more realistic picture of the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">network resource allocation state at =
any time, correct me if i am wrong. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Manish</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">On Mon, 24 Apr 2000, Chiu, Angela L, =
ALSVC wrote:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Hansen,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; See comments in line.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Angela</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; AT&amp;T Labs</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Room C4-3A22</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; 200 Laurel Ave.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Middletown, NJ 07748</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Tel. (732) 420-2290</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Fax (732) 368-1746</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; Email: alchiu@att.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; -----Original =
Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; =
From:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; HANSEN CHAN =
[SMTP:hchan@newbridge.com]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; =
Sent:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Monday, April 24, 2000 6:17 =
PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; To: Chiu, Angela L, =
ALSVC</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; Cc: Daniel Awduche; =
mpls@UU.NET</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; Subject:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Re: TE Extension of IGP</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; Angela,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; I just want to add one =
other point. When a network operator wants to use</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; a</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; small set of LSPs to =
remove a few hot spots in the network assuming all</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; other links having =
satisfactory performance, an offline tool may be the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; preferred way to =
identify which traffic trunks that contribute to those</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; congestion points =
should be re-routed away from those hot spots, and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; then</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; figure out what the =
new non-shortest path should be, and leave all the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; rest</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; of the traffic on its =
normal shortest path.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; If I understand the picture =
correctly, that offline tool should do the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; following:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; 1. collect statistics from =
the network and analyze network trunk bandwidth</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; utilization to understand =
where the hot spot is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; 2. compute the LSP paths =
(offline) with certain algorithm for the optimal</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; use of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; trunk bandwidth in the =
network</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]&nbsp; Yes. As I pointed out before, between =
your</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; steps 1 and 2, the offline tool =
needs to identify, for each hot spot, a set</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; of traffic trunks that =
contribute to the congestion and need to be rerouted.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; But as Dan said in his =
message, LSPs are more likely to be computed</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; online. I</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; cannot see how a node can =
compute all LSPs for the whole network. It might</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; able to do a good job for =
LSPs originating from itself. But for LSPs</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; originating</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; from other edge LSR? I =
would think a offline tool is a better place to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; plan for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; all LSPs.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]&nbsp; Actually, it is the ingress node (the =
node</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; where an LSP originates) that is =
responsible for the path computation based</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; on the link state information =
propagated via IGP extension.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Angela</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; Cheers,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; Hansen</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; As far as I know, all =
the online LSP path computation algorithms</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; provided by</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; the vendors are not =
capable of taking the normal IP traffic into account</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; since the algorithms =
only see the bandwidth requirements from traffic on</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; LSPs. If one has to =
use the online LSP path computation algorithm,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; he/she</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; needs to use some =
offline tool to figure out the aggregate bandwidth</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; requirement by the =
normal IP traffic on each link (excluding the traffic</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; trunks that will be =
routed via LSPs), substract that from the total</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; available bandwidth =
for that link, and make that the new available</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; bandwidth</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; for the online LSP =
path computation algorithm to use.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; Regards,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; Angela</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; AT&amp;T Labs</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; Room C4-3A22</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; 200 Laurel Ave.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; Middletown, NJ =
07748</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; Tel. (732) =
420-2290</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; Fax (732) =
368-1746</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; Email: =
alchiu@att.com</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; -----Original =
Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; From: Daniel =
Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Sent: Monday, =
April 24, 2000 1:59 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; To:&nbsp;&nbsp; =
HANSEN CHAN</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Cc:&nbsp;&nbsp; =
Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Subject:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Re: TE Extension of IGP</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Hansen,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Online LSP path =
computation is the preferred operational model in many</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; contexts -- for =
many good reasons.&nbsp; Obviously, service providers</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; have the option =
to activate these aspects according to their</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; circumstance and =
needs...</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; As a simple rule =
of thumb, in networks with adequate capacity, online</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; constraint-based =
routing should suffice for LSP path placement. In</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; relatively =
under-capacitated networks, however, significant</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; offline effort =
may be required to squeeze additional utility from the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
infrastructure.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Cheers,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; /Dan</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; On Fri, Apr 21, =
2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Dan,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; I agree that =
most MPLS implementations perform LSP path computations</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; online. But =
I</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; always =
thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; computed</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; offline. You =
only use online computations when you're</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
re-routing/repairing the LSPs</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; around some =
failure. Is my understanding correct?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Cheers,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Hansen</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Daniel =
Awduche wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Hansen,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Yes, =
many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; LSP =
path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; in some =
operational contexts. It's also possible to augment</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; the =
online system with offline software tools.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Cheers,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
/Dan</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; On Thu, =
Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Dan,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; To =
make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; computed</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; on the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
node, not by software tools?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Thanks,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Hansen</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
Daniel Awduche wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; (i.e. that &quot;LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually =
computed</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; off-node&quot;).</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; Cheers,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; /Dan</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; &gt; I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension =
of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; IGP in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; a MPLS</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; &gt; network. From my understanding, you need TE extension =
when</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; you're =
doing</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; &gt; on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in =
today's</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; MPLS</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; network</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because =
it's</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; limiting</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic =
engineering</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; :-)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; That means that traffic engineering would need to be =
more</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; dynamic,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; and the routers would play a more active role in =
determining</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; paths</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; and possibly doing network optimization.&nbsp; Hence the =
IGP</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
extensions.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; &gt; are usually computed off-node (in software tool), =
why</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; would</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; the use of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; &gt; TE extension be critical?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt; &gt; Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; question.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; =
&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01BFAE61.E49BEB2C--


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 00:27:47 2000
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Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 21:22:51 -0700
To: anoop@baynetworks.com (Anoop Ghanwani), Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
Cc: "Fedyk, Don (D.W.) [EXCHANGE:BL60:2001]" <dwfedyk@americasm01.nt.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
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Yes

But it is not the provider that implements how the TE metric X is used to 
calculate a path. Therefore, it will be best if we could agree on a meaning 
or a standard way of calculating routes, would be nice.

Bora


At 03:49 PM 4/24/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:

>It's actually a little different than the EXP bits in MPLS.
>
>Basically, we have multiple metrics and a service provider
>can configure TE Metric 1 to be delay across his network.
>The burden of maintaining consistency is with the provider.
>Once he knows what TE Metric 1 represents, he just asks
>for an LSP that minimizes that metric.  I don't see why it
>would cause interoperability problems.
>
>Unlike with the EXP bits, every vendor just treats these as dumb
>numbers and picks one (TE metric 1, 2, 3 or 4) and uses the one
>specified by the operator as the one to be minimized during path
>selection for an LSP, possibly ignoring all the others.
>
>-Anoop
>
> > Don
> >
> > I have reviewed the presentation and one concern that I have about 
> defining
> > metric but leaving them optional and "unnamed" is that they will be just
> > like the EXP bits. Everybody will know what they will be used for but
> > because they are unnamed we will not be able to use them in a multi-vendor
> > environment.
> >
> > Hence, I would like to suggest that we name Optional Metric 1 as the "Link
> > Utilization Metric", Optional Metric 2 as the "Affinity Metric", Optional
> > Metric 3 as the "Bora" (just kidding), "Administrative Cost Metric".
> >
> > What do you think?
> >
> > Bora
> >
> >
> > At 01:54 PM 4/21/00 +0000, Don Fedyk wrote:
> >
> > >Bora
> > >
> > >We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple metrics. This
> > >has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by me.   The last
> > >presentation is at
> > >
> > ><http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf>http://www 
> .ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf
> > >
> > >
> > >We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that there are multiple
> > >metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, since we believe that
> > >that is justification enough. We thought that utilization might be
> > >one of the possible values in the future I would be interested in your
> > >comments.
> > >I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS dicussion groups in the
> > >next day or so.
> > >
> > >Don
> > >
> > > > -----Original Message-----
> > > > From: Bora Akyol [<mailto:akyol@pluris.com>mailto:akyol@pluris.com]
> > > > Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2000 11:13 PM
> > > > To: mpls@UU.NET
> > > > Cc: akyol@pluris.com
> > > > Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > [posted to the MPLS mailing list]
> > > >
> > > > A while back, a couple of BBN folks including myself had
> > > > suggested to add a
> > > > current network utilization metric to the ISIS-TE extensions
> > > > which got shot
> > > > down due to concerns roughly voiced as " Oh, if you flood
> > > > dynamic network
> > > > information, people may make bad decisions and destabilize
> > > > the network." Of
> > > > course, we could have put the flooding in there and waited on actual
> > > > deployment of a protocol that made use of this, but oh well!
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > But if there is an interest from the network service
> > > > providers, maybe we
> > > > can revisit this and add an extension to the ISIS-TE extensions.
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > I would certainly be willing to co-author or author such an
> > > > ID. Moreover,
> > > > once we do put this extension in, it allows for different
> > > > approaches to
> > > > traffic engineering.
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > Regards
> > > >
> > > > Bora Akyol
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > At 04:05 PM 4/20/00 +0000, Dave Cooper wrote:
> > > > >We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
> > > > >for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
> > > > >have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
> > > > >but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
> > > > >the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path
> > > > >decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with
> > > > >actual peak flows).
> > > > >
> > > > >In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
> > > > >variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
> > > > >down customers, or other external factors) and its
> > > > >obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
> > > > >quickly.
> > > > >
> > > > >I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
> > > > >have been working on developing software to help
> > > > >manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
> > > > >is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
> > > > >bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
> > > > >routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some
> > > > >in-house development, but we're always interested in
> > > > >outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
> > > > >
> > > > >-dave





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 00:49:31 2000
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Date: Tue, 25 Apr 2000 00:47:56 -0400
From: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
To: "Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC" <alchiu@att.com>
Cc: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>, mpls@UU.NET,
        Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP
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In-Reply-To: <15BF137B61C7D211BAF50000C0589CFA027D2B35@njc240po02.mt.att.com>; from alchiu@att.com on Mon, Apr 24, 2000 at 04:42:21PM -0400
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Angela,

See comments inline...

On Mon, Apr 24, 2000 at 04:42:21PM -0400, Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC wrote:
> Hansen and Dan,
> 
> I just want to add one other point. When a network operator wants to use a
> small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming all
> other links having satisfactory performance, an offline tool may be the
> preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that contribute to those
> congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot spots, and then
> figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and leave all the rest
> of the traffic on its normal shortest path. 

Yes, if specific pathologies exist (e.g. hot-spots) within 
the network, then intervention is usually necessary to 
address the situation. In such cases, analysis can be
conducted offline to diagnose the problem and prescribe 
an appropriate course of action, which may involve defining 
or identifying LSPs to route/re-route through alternative 
paths with adequate capacity. If frequent intervention 
is warranted, then perhaps there are more fundamental 
issues at play which demand a stronger solution, e.g., 
augment capacity, review and amend the operational 
process models, etc.

> 
> As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation algorithms provided by
> the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic into account
> since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements from traffic on
> LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation algorithm, he/she
> needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate bandwidth
> requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link (excluding the traffic
> trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from the total
> available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new available bandwidth
> for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use.

Yes, if "normal IP traffic" (traffic that do not traverse through 
LSPs) constitute a reasonable proportion of the workload through 
an MPLS domain, then online constraint-based routing becomes
less effective and additional offline effort may be required. 
The operational model can also be amended to reduce the amount
of effort required...

Cheers,
/Dan

> 
> Regards,
> Angela
> 
> AT&T Labs
> Room C4-3A22
> 200 Laurel Ave.
> Middletown, NJ 07748
> Tel. (732) 420-2290
> Fax (732) 368-1746
> Email: alchiu@att.com
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From:	Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]
> > Sent:	Monday, April 24, 2000 1:59 PM
> > To:	HANSEN CHAN
> > Cc:	Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
> > Subject:	Re: TE Extension of IGP
> > 
> > Hansen,
> > 
> > Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational model in many
> > contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service providers
> > have the option to activate these aspects according to their
> > circumstance and needs...
> > 
> > As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate capacity, online
> > constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path placement. In
> > relatively under-capacitated networks, however, significant 
> > offline effort may be required to squeeze additional utility from the
> > infrastructure.
> > 
> > Cheers,
> > /Dan
> > 
> > On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > Dan,
> > > 
> > > I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path computations
> > online. But I
> > > always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still
> > computed
> > > offline. You only use online computations when you're
> > re-routing/repairing the LSPs
> > > around some failure. Is my understanding correct?
> > > 
> > > Cheers,
> > > Hansen
> > > 
> > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > > 
> > > > Hansen,
> > > >
> > > > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform
> > > > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement
> > > > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment
> > > > the online system with offline software tools.
> > > >
> > > > Cheers,
> > > > /Dan
> > > >
> > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> > > > > Dan,
> > > > >
> > > > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is computed
> > on the
> > > > > node, not by software tools?
> > > > >
> > > > > Thanks,
> > > > > Hansen
> > > > >
> > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false
> > > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually computed
> > > > > > off-node").
> > > > > >
> > > > > > Cheers,
> > > > > > /Dan
> > > > > >
> > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of IGP in
> > a MPLS
> > > > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension when
> > you're doing
> > > > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's MPLS
> > network
> > > > > > >
> > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's
> > limiting
> > > > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic engineering :-)
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more
> > dynamic,
> > > > > > > and the routers would play a more active role in determining
> > paths
> > > > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP
> > extensions.
> > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why would
> > the use of
> > > > > > > > TE extension be critical?
> > > > > > > >
> > > > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this question.
> > > > > > >


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 01:15:24 2000
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Date: Tue, 25 Apr 2000 10:28:02 +0530
From: Neetu Gupta <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>
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Hello,
    Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
byte.

Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?

I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
Please give some reference.
Neetu



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 01:34:21 2000
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From: "Manish R. Shah." <manishs@future.futsoft.com>
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Subject: RE: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination
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Hi !!!

Once the LSP's are created, the ingress router looks for the matching FEC, and attaches 
a label corresponding to that FEC on to the data packet. Further forwarding is done using
the label switching. 

In an MPLS domain the LDP has already taken care of mapping 
FEC's with the incoming and outgoing Labels and efficient distribution of Labels.

Look at the following draft for furthur details.  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt 

Cheers !!!

Manish R. Shah.
Senior Software Engineer,
Future Software Pvt Ltd.
480-481, Anna Salai, Nandanam
Chennai 600035.
Phone: +91-(44)-433-0550 Xten 294.


-----Original Message-----
From:	Neetu Gupta [SMTP:neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr]
Sent:	Tuesday, April 25, 2000 10:28 AM
To:	mpls@uu.net
Subject:	Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination

Hello,
    Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
byte.

Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?

I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
Please give some reference.
Neetu



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 01:44:47 2000
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From: Neetu Gupta <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>
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Thanx for the Response:

But, actually the Signaling protocol that we are using is RSVP. We create LSPs initially for
the Class of Services specified in the Service Level Agreements for the Differentiated
Signaling case. Service Level Agreement also specifies what will the Ingress point for the
LSP. Also, all the Edge Routers in the MPLS domain are preconfigured. So the LSPs are created
from the Ingress point to every Edge Router. Now the data packet for the destination outside
the MPLS domain comes, how can we find out which Egress LER will route to the Destination,
because at Ingress point we have label to Egress LER and not the Destination in the Switching
Table

-neetu

Manish R. Shah. wrote:

> Hi !!!
>
> Once the LSP's are created, the ingress router looks for the matching FEC, and attaches
> a label corresponding to that FEC on to the data packet. Further forwarding is done using
> the label switching.
>
> In an MPLS domain the LDP has already taken care of mapping
> FEC's with the incoming and outgoing Labels and efficient distribution of Labels.
>
> Look at the following draft for furthur details.  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt
>
> Cheers !!!
>
> Manish R. Shah.
> Senior Software Engineer,
> Future Software Pvt Ltd.
> 480-481, Anna Salai, Nandanam
> Chennai 600035.
> Phone: +91-(44)-433-0550 Xten 294.
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From:   Neetu Gupta [SMTP:neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr]
> Sent:   Tuesday, April 25, 2000 10:28 AM
> To:     mpls@uu.net
> Subject:        Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination
>
> Hello,
>     Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
> Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
> Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
> byte.
>
> Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
> packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?
>
> I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
> like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
> Please give some reference.
> Neetu





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 02:34:29 2000
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Date: Tue, 25 Apr 2000 02:32:56 -0400
From: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
To: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET, Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
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Dimitry,

Thanks or the note. See additional comments inline...

On Wed, Apr 19, 2000 at 10:52:03AM -0400, Dimitry Haskin wrote:
> Dan,
> 
> Let me suggest the following text:
> 
> "To be definite, in the original RSVP protocol [3], a session 
> was defined as a data flow with a particular destination and 
> transport layer protocol.  In the RSVP-TE specification, however,
> session is defined as the set of label switched packets with
> a particular destination, tunnel id, and extended tunnel id."

This is a good try, but it conveys an incorrect impression
that the parameters of the RSVP-TE SESSION object (tunnel end 
point address, tunnel id, and extended tunnel id) are in fact 
attributes of the label switched packets. That is, it
confuses the semantics of the RSVP-TE signaling messages that
instantiate a session with the attributes of the packets 
that comprise the session.

Nonetheless, you did have a valid point in your original
email, in that you discerned that the wording of the 
applicability draft did not express the fact that a session 
may result in more than one LSP. With this mind, 
here's a corrected version of the second sentence which 
accommodates your input.

"In the RSVP-TE specification, however, a session is defined 
as the set of label switched packets that are instantiated
by RSVP-TE messages containing particular values of the
SESSION object parameters (Tunnel-End-Point-Address, 
Tunnel-Id, and Extended-Tunnel-Id)."

Let's converge on these rhetorical aspects and move on
to other issues... 

George/Lou feel free to step in if a more concise description 
is needed.

Cheers,
/Dan



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 05:22:10 2000
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From: Adrian Farrel <AF@datcon.co.uk>
To: Subodh Mathur <subodh@dtix.com>, mpls <mpls@UU.NET>
Cc: Bilel Jamoussi <jamoussi@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Peter Ashwood-Smith
	 <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
Subject: RE: Preemption TLV in CR-LDP
Date: Mon, 24 Apr 2000 03:55:39 +0100
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Hi Subodh,

I can offer you a couple of references...

From section 2.3...

   The exact rules determining bumping are an
   aspect of network policy.

Which implies that although the ingress has a right to 
expect some generalized behavior based on holding and
setup priorities, they can not precisely predict the
rules for bumping that will be applied in the network.

From section 4.4...

   The default value of the setup and holding priorities 
   should be in the middle of the range (e.g., 4)

I would suggest that if the Preemption TLV is not present
the sender is not bothered about the risk of being bumped.
This means that each LSR can apply whatever local network
policy it likes (although ideally this would be co-ordinated
across the network).

It would make sense to me to choose from
- use "default values"
- use lowest values

Regards,
Adrian
--
Adrian Farrel  mailto:af@datcon.co.uk
Network Convergence Group
Data Connection Ltd., Chester, UK
http://www.datcon.co.uk/
Tel: +44 (0) 1244 313440  Fax: +44 (0) 1244 312422


>-----Original Message-----
>From: Subodh Mathur [mailto:subodh@dtix.com]
>Sent: Friday, April 21, 2000 3:22 PM
>To: Peter Ashwood-Smith; mpls; Bilel Jamoussi
>Subject: Preemption TLV in CR-LDP
>
>
>Hi,
>How will setting up of a CR LSP with Preemption TLV will deal with an
>existing CR LSP which has been setup without using optional 
>Preemption TLV?.
>Assuming there is a contention of resources between them. The draft on
>CR-LDP does not make it clear or I might have missed it.
>Thanks,
>Subodh Mathur
>Digital Technology Inc.,
>Bedford, MA 01730
>


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 07:50:28 2000
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Dan,

> >
> > I just want to add one other point. When a network operator wants to use a
> > small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming all
> > other links having satisfactory performance, an offline tool may be the
> > preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that contribute to those
> > congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot spots, and then
> > figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and leave all the rest
> > of the traffic on its normal shortest path.
>
> Yes, if specific pathologies exist (e.g. hot-spots) within
> the network, then intervention is usually necessary to
> address the situation. In such cases, analysis can be
> conducted offline to diagnose the problem and prescribe
> an appropriate course of action, which may involve defining
> or identifying LSPs to route/re-route through alternative
> paths with adequate capacity. If frequent intervention
> is warranted, then perhaps there are more fundamental
> issues at play which demand a stronger solution, e.g.,
> augment capacity, review and amend the operational
> process models, etc.
>
> >
> > As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation algorithms provided by
> > the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic into account
> > since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements from traffic on
> > LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation algorithm, he/she
> > needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate bandwidth
> > requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link (excluding the traffic
> > trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from the total
> > available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new available bandwidth
> > for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use.
>
> Yes, if "normal IP traffic" (traffic that do not traverse through
> LSPs) constitute a reasonable proportion of the workload through
> an MPLS domain, then online constraint-based routing becomes
> less effective and additional offline effort may be required.
> The operational model can also be amended to reduce the amount
> of effort required...

You raise an interesting question. There're two scenarios you described:

Scenario A: networks of "normal IP traffic" with a reasonable proportion of the
workload
Scenario B: networks of "normal IP traffic" with minimal proportion of the
workload

Offline computation seems to be the preferred choice in scenario A while online
computation appears to be the preferred choice in scenario B, from the e-mail
discussion so far.

Then my question is, which scenario will prevail in the "next generation network"
(sorry for not able find a better word)? Would IP traffic on LSP be the norm or
"normal IP traffic" be the norm?

Cheers,
Hansen




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 08:08:18 2000
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From: "HANSEN CHAN" <hchan@newbridge.com>
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To: Peter Ashwood-Smith <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
CC: "'MPLS'" <mpls@apollo.mctr.umbc.edu>,
        "Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC" <alchiu@att.com>,
        Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP and draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt
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Peter,

> To be polite (but blunt). I believe you are wrong for the following
> reasons.
>
> For a centralized solution to have accurate information it must gather
> information from all nodes at approximately the setup/clearning rate
> of LSPs in the network. This of course is impractical because the
> setup/clearing rate may be 1000's per second during failure/resetup
> events.

Other than initial setup/failure/resetup time, I do not think there will
be a huge amount of activities on the signalling plane. There might be a
few sporadic events in response to hot spots. Then following this
reasoning, the centralized solution should be able to have a pretty
accurate information of the network.

Comment?

Cheers,
Hansen

>
>
> A far more practical approach is to have all nodes aware of general
> trends, via the normal OSPF/IS-IS floods and significant floods, and
> to then feedback information along routes that are being used either
> successfully or unsuccessfully. This allows those nodes that are
> sourcing LSPs to stay fairly close to in sync with respect to the real
> network state, at least for the slices through the network they are
> using. We have done considerable simulation and implementation of this
> kind of approach and it works quite well.
>
> See the following draft for descriptions of how this works. I also
> have a presentation that was given at the IETF that I can forward to
> anybody that is interested.
>
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt
>
> Oh, while I am at it, I am hoping to get a last call on this document
> ... George, Vijay?
>
> Cheers,
>
> Peter Ashwood-Smith
>
>      -----Original Message-----
>      From:   MPLS [SMTP:mpls@apollo.mctr.umbc.edu]
>      Sent:   Monday, April 24, 2000 10:46 PM
>      To:     Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC
>      Cc:     HANSEN CHAN; Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET
>      Subject:        RE: TE Extension of IGP
>
>      As far as my understanding of path computation goes, in online
>      path
>      computation scenario, which Dan mentioned is more likely to be
>      the case,
>      what ensures that the ingress node(s) have a consistent view of
>      the
>      network, how do we make sure that IGPs have converged and each
>      node has
>      correct topology as well as TE database ?
>
>      An offline tool i think "might" give a more realistic picture of
>      the
>      network resource allocation state at any time, correct me if i am
>      wrong.
>
>      Manish
>
>
>
>      On Mon, 24 Apr 2000, Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC wrote:
>
>      > Hansen,
>      >
>      > See comments in line.
>      >
>      > Angela
>      >
>      > AT&T Labs
>      > Room C4-3A22
>      > 200 Laurel Ave.
>      > Middletown, NJ 07748
>      > Tel. (732) 420-2290
>      > Fax (732) 368-1746
>      > Email: alchiu@att.com
>      >
>      > > -----Original Message-----
>      > > From:       HANSEN CHAN [SMTP:hchan@newbridge.com]
>      > > Sent:       Monday, April 24, 2000 6:17 PM
>      > > To: Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC
>      > > Cc: Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET
>      > > Subject:    Re: TE Extension of IGP
>      > >
>      > > Angela,
>      > >
>      > > > I just want to add one other point. When a network operator
>      wants to use
>      > > a
>      > > > small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network
>      assuming all
>      > > > other links having satisfactory performance, an offline
>      tool may be the
>      > > > preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that
>      contribute to those
>      > > > congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot
>      spots, and
>      > > then
>      > > > figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and
>      leave all the
>      > > rest
>      > > > of the traffic on its normal shortest path.
>      > >
>      > > If I understand the picture correctly, that offline tool
>      should do the
>      > > following:
>      > >
>      > > 1. collect statistics from the network and analyze network
>      trunk bandwidth
>      > > utilization to understand where the hot spot is
>      > > 2. compute the LSP paths (offline) with certain algorithm for
>      the optimal
>      > > use of
>      > > trunk bandwidth in the network
>      >       [Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Yes. As I pointed out before,
>      between your
>      > steps 1 and 2, the offline tool needs to identify, for each hot
>      spot, a set
>      > of traffic trunks that contribute to the congestion and need to
>      be rerouted.
>      >
>      >
>      > > But as Dan said in his message, LSPs are more likely to be
>      computed
>      > > online. I
>      > > cannot see how a node can compute all LSPs for the whole
>      network. It might
>      > > be
>      > > able to do a good job for LSPs originating from itself. But
>      for LSPs
>      > > originating
>      > > from other edge LSR? I would think a offline tool is a better
>      place to
>      > > plan for
>      > > all LSPs.
>      >       [Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Actually, it is the ingress node
>      (the node
>      > where an LSP originates) that is responsible for the path
>      computation based
>      > on the link state information propagated via IGP extension.
>      >
>      >       Angela
>      >
>      > > Cheers,
>      > > Hansen
>      > >
>      > > >
>      > > >
>      > > > As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation
>      algorithms
>      > > provided by
>      > > > the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic
>      into account
>      > > > since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements
>      from traffic on
>      > > > LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation
>      algorithm,
>      > > he/she
>      > > > needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate
>      bandwidth
>      > > > requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link
>      (excluding the traffic
>      > > > trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from
>      the total
>      > > > available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new
>      available
>      > > bandwidth
>      > > > for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use.
>      > > >
>      > > > Regards,
>      > > > Angela
>      > > >
>      > > > AT&T Labs
>      > > > Room C4-3A22
>      > > > 200 Laurel Ave.
>      > > > Middletown, NJ 07748
>      > > > Tel. (732) 420-2290
>      > > > Fax (732) 368-1746
>      > > > Email: alchiu@att.com
>      > > >
>      > > > > -----Original Message-----
>      > > > > From: Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]
>      > > > > Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 1:59 PM
>      > > > > To:   HANSEN CHAN
>      > > > > Cc:   Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
>      > > > > Subject:      Re: TE Extension of IGP
>      > > > >
>      > > > > Hansen,
>      > > > >
>      > > > > Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational
>      model in many
>      > > > > contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service
>      providers
>      > > > > have the option to activate these aspects according to
>      their
>      > > > > circumstance and needs...
>      > > > >
>      > > > > As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate
>      capacity, online
>      > > > > constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path
>      placement. In
>      > > > > relatively under-capacitated networks, however,
>      significant
>      > > > > offline effort may be required to squeeze additional
>      utility from the
>      > > > > infrastructure.
>      > > > >
>      > > > > Cheers,
>      > > > > /Dan
>      > > > >
>      > > > > On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN
>      wrote:
>      > > > > > Dan,
>      > > > > >
>      > > > > > I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path
>      computations
>      > > > > online. But I
>      > > > > > always thought the working LSPs deployed in the
>      networks are still
>      > > > > computed
>      > > > > > offline. You only use online computations when you're
>      > > > > re-routing/repairing the LSPs
>      > > > > > around some failure. Is my understanding correct?
>      > > > > >
>      > > > > > Cheers,
>      > > > > > Hansen
>      > > > > >
>      > > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
>      > > > > >
>      > > > > > > Hansen,
>      > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations
>      perform
>      > > > > > > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory
>      requirement
>      > > > > > > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to
>      augment
>      > > > > > > the online system with offline software tools.
>      > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > Cheers,
>      > > > > > > /Dan
>      > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN
>      wrote:
>      > > > > > > > Dan,
>      > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of
>      LSPs is
>      > > computed
>      > > > > on the
>      > > > > > > > node, not by software tools?
>      > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > Thanks,
>      > > > > > > > Hansen
>      > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:
>      > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization
>      is false
>      > > > > > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are
>      usually computed
>      > > > > > > > > off-node").
>      > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > Cheers,
>      > > > > > > > > /Dan
>      > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop
>      Ghanwani
>      > > wrote:
>      > > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE
>      extension of
>      > > IGP in
>      > > > > a MPLS
>      > > > > > > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE
>      extension when
>      > > > > you're doing
>      > > > > > > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs
>      in today's
>      > > MPLS
>      > > > > network
>      > > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>      > > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever
>      because it's
>      > > > > limiting
>      > > > > > > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all
>      traffic engineering
>      > > :-)
>      > > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need
>      to be more
>      > > > > dynamic,
>      > > > > > > > > > and the routers would play a more active role
>      in determining
>      > > > > paths
>      > > > > > > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence
>      the IGP
>      > > > > extensions.
>      > > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software
>      tool), why
>      > > would
>      > > > > the use of
>      > > > > > > > > > > TE extension be critical?
>      > > > > > > > > > >
>      > > > > > > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on
>      this
>      > > question.
>      > > > > > > > > >
>      >
>

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<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
Peter,
<blockquote TYPE=CITE><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>To be polite (but
blunt). I believe you are wrong for the following reasons.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>For a centralized solution to have
accurate information it must gather information from all nodes at approximately
the setup/clearning rate of LSPs in the network. This of course is impractical
because the setup/clearing rate may be 1000's per second during failure/resetup
events.</font></font></blockquote>
Other than initial setup/failure/resetup time, I do not think there will
be a huge amount of activities on the signalling plane. There might be
a few sporadic events in response to hot spots. Then following this reasoning,
the centralized solution should be able to have a pretty accurate information
of the network.
<p>Comment?
<p>Cheers,
<br>Hansen
<blockquote TYPE=CITE><font face="Arial"><font size=-1></font></font>&nbsp;
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>A far more practical approach is to
have all nodes aware of general trends, via the normal OSPF/IS-IS floods
and significant floods, and to then feedback information along routes that
are being used either successfully or unsuccessfully. This allows those
nodes that are sourcing LSPs to stay fairly close to in sync with respect
to the real network state, at least for the slices through the network
they are using. We have done considerable simulation and implementation
of this kind of approach and it works quite well.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>See the following draft for descriptions
of how this works. I also have a presentation that was given at the IETF
that I can forward to anybody that is interested.</font></font>
<p><u><font face="Arial"><font color="#0000FF"><font size=-1><a href="http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt</a></font></font></font></u>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Oh, while I am at it, I am hoping to
get a last call on this document ... George, Vijay?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Cheers,</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Peter Ashwood-Smith</font></font>
<ul><a NAME="_MailData"></a><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>-----Original
Message-----</font></font>
<br><b><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>From:&nbsp;&nbsp; MPLS [SMTP:mpls@apollo.mctr.umbc.edu]</font></font></b>
<br><b><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Sent:&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></font></b>
<font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Monday, April 24, 2000 10:46 PM</font></font>
<br><b><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>To:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></font></b>
<font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC</font></font>
<br><b><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Cc:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></font></b>
<font face="Arial"><font size=-1>HANSEN CHAN; Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET</font></font>
<br><b><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Subject:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></font></b>
<font face="Arial"><font size=-1>RE: TE Extension of IGP</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>As far as my understanding of path
computation goes, in online path</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>computation scenario, which Dan mentioned
is more likely to be the case,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>what ensures that the ingress node(s)
have a consistent view of the</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>network, how do we make sure that
IGPs have converged and each node has</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>correct topology as well as TE database
?</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>An offline tool i think "might" give
a more realistic picture of the</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>network resource allocation state
at any time, correct me if i am wrong.</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>Manish</font></font>
<br>&nbsp;
<br>&nbsp;
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>On Mon, 24 Apr 2000, Chiu, Angela L,
ALSVC wrote:</font></font>
<p><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> Hansen,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> See comments in line.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> Angela</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> AT&amp;T Labs</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> Room C4-3A22</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> 200 Laurel Ave.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> Middletown, NJ 07748</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> Tel. (732) 420-2290</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> Fax (732) 368-1746</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> Email: alchiu@att.com</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > -----Original Message-----</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > From:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
HANSEN CHAN [SMTP:hchan@newbridge.com]</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > Sent:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Monday, April 24, 2000 6:17 PM</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > To: Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > Cc: Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > Subject:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Re:
TE Extension of IGP</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > Angela,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > I just want to add one other
point. When a network operator wants to use</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > a</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > small set of LSPs to remove
a few hot spots in the network assuming all</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > other links having satisfactory
performance, an offline tool may be the</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > preferred way to identify which
traffic trunks that contribute to those</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > congestion points should be
re-routed away from those hot spots, and</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > then</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > figure out what the new non-shortest
path should be, and leave all the</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > rest</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > of the traffic on its normal
shortest path.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > If I understand the picture correctly,
that offline tool should do the</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > following:</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > 1. collect statistics from the
network and analyze network trunk bandwidth</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > utilization to understand where
the hot spot is</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > 2. compute the LSP paths (offline)
with certain algorithm for the optimal</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > use of</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > trunk bandwidth in the network</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]&nbsp; Yes. As I pointed out before, between your</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> steps 1 and 2, the offline tool
needs to identify, for each hot spot, a set</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> of traffic trunks that contribute
to the congestion and need to be rerouted.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > But as Dan said in his message,
LSPs are more likely to be computed</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > online. I</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > cannot see how a node can compute
all LSPs for the whole network. It might</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > be</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > able to do a good job for LSPs
originating from itself. But for LSPs</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > originating</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > from other edge LSR? I would think
a offline tool is a better place to</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > plan for</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > all LSPs.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
[Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]&nbsp; Actually, it is the ingress node (the node</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> where an LSP originates) that is
responsible for the path computation based</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> on the link state information propagated
via IGP extension.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Angela</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > Cheers,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > Hansen</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > As far as I know, all the online
LSP path computation algorithms</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > provided by</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > the vendors are not capable
of taking the normal IP traffic into account</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > since the algorithms only see
the bandwidth requirements from traffic on</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > LSPs. If one has to use the
online LSP path computation algorithm,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > he/she</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > needs to use some offline tool
to figure out the aggregate bandwidth</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > requirement by the normal IP
traffic on each link (excluding the traffic</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > trunks that will be routed via
LSPs), substract that from the total</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > available bandwidth for that
link, and make that the new available</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > bandwidth</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > for the online LSP path computation
algorithm to use.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > Regards,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > Angela</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > AT&amp;T Labs</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > Room C4-3A22</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > 200 Laurel Ave.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > Middletown, NJ 07748</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > Tel. (732) 420-2290</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > Fax (732) 368-1746</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > Email: alchiu@att.com</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > -----Original Message-----</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > From: Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET]</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000
1:59 PM</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > To:&nbsp;&nbsp; HANSEN CHAN</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > Cc:&nbsp;&nbsp; Anoop Ghanwani;
mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > Subject:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Re: TE Extension of IGP</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > Hansen,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > Online LSP path computation
is the preferred operational model in many</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > contexts -- for many good
reasons.&nbsp; Obviously, service providers</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > have the option to activate
these aspects according to their</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > circumstance and needs...</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > As a simple rule of thumb,
in networks with adequate capacity, online</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > constraint-based routing should
suffice for LSP path placement. In</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > relatively under-capacitated
networks, however, significant</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > offline effort may be required
to squeeze additional utility from the</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > infrastructure.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > Cheers,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > /Dan</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM
-0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > Dan,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > I agree that most MPLS implementations
perform LSP path computations</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > online. But I</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > always thought the working
LSPs deployed in the networks are still</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > computed</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > offline. You only use online
computations when you're</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > re-routing/repairing the LSPs</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > around some failure. Is
my understanding correct?</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > Cheers,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > Hansen</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > Hansen,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > Yes, many (perhaps most)
contemporary implementations perform</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > LSP path computations
online. This is a mandatory requirement</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > in some operational contexts.
It's also possible to augment</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > the online system with
offline software tools.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > Cheers,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > /Dan</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at
06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote:</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > Dan,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > To make sure I understand.
Do you mean the path of LSPs is</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > computed</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > on the</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > node, not by software
tools?</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > Thanks,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > Hansen</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote:</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > Actually, the original
assertion/generalization is false</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in
today's MPLS network are usually computed</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > off-node").</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > Cheers,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > /Dan</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000
at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > wrote:</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > > I am trying to
understanding the use of TE extension of</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > IGP in</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > a MPLS</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > > network. From
my understanding, you need TE extension when</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > you're doing</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > > on-node path computation.
However, since LSPs in today's</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > MPLS</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > network</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > We're hoping it
won't stay that way forever because it's</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > limiting</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > to have to rely
on offline tools for all traffic engineering</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > :-)</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > That means that
traffic engineering would need to be more</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > dynamic,</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > and the routers
would play a more active role in determining</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > paths</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > and possibly doing
network optimization.&nbsp; Hence the IGP</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > extensions.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > > are usually computed
off-node (in software tool), why</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > would</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > the use of</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > > TE extension be
critical?</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > > > Appreciate if
someone can shed some light on this</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > question.</font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>> > > > > > > > ></font></font>
<br><font face="Arial"><font size=-1>></font></font></ul>
</blockquote>
</html>

--------------29F1D84AB41CB7D667AAF557--



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 08:35:34 2000
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Date: Tue, 25 Apr 2000 08:33:18 -0400
From: Anoop Ghanwani <aghanwan@nortelnetworks.com>
Organization: Nortel Networks, Billerica, MA
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To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
CC: anoop@BayNetworks.COM,
        "Fedyk, Don (D.W.) [EXCHANGE:BL60:2001]" <dwfedyk@americasm01.nt.com>,
        mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
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Well, the provider is the one that specifies that he/she would like
to find a path from A to B that minimizes TE Metric X.

What's wrong with just trying to minimize TE Metric X, then?

-Anoop

Bora Akyol wrote:
> 
> Yes
> 
> But it is not the provider that implements how the TE metric X is used to
> calculate a path. Therefore, it will be best if we could agree on a meaning
> or a standard way of calculating routes, would be nice.
> 
> Bora
> 
> At 03:49 PM 4/24/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> 
> >It's actually a little different than the EXP bits in MPLS.
> >
> >Basically, we have multiple metrics and a service provider
> >can configure TE Metric 1 to be delay across his network.
> >The burden of maintaining consistency is with the provider.
> >Once he knows what TE Metric 1 represents, he just asks
> >for an LSP that minimizes that metric.  I don't see why it
> >would cause interoperability problems.
> >
> >Unlike with the EXP bits, every vendor just treats these as dumb
> >numbers and picks one (TE metric 1, 2, 3 or 4) and uses the one
> >specified by the operator as the one to be minimized during path
> >selection for an LSP, possibly ignoring all the others.
> >
> >-Anoop
> >
> > > Don
> > >
> > > I have reviewed the presentation and one concern that I have about
> > defining
> > > metric but leaving them optional and "unnamed" is that they will be just
> > > like the EXP bits. Everybody will know what they will be used for but
> > > because they are unnamed we will not be able to use them in a multi-vendor
> > > environment.
> > >
> > > Hence, I would like to suggest that we name Optional Metric 1 as the "Link
> > > Utilization Metric", Optional Metric 2 as the "Affinity Metric", Optional
> > > Metric 3 as the "Bora" (just kidding), "Administrative Cost Metric".
> > >
> > > What do you think?
> > >
> > > Bora
> > >
> > >
> > > At 01:54 PM 4/21/00 +0000, Don Fedyk wrote:
> > >
> > > >Bora
> > > >
> > > >We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple metrics. This
> > > >has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by me.   The last
> > > >presentation is at
> > > >
> > > ><http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf>http://www
> > .ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf
> > > >
> > > >
> > > >We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that there are multiple
> > > >metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, since we believe that
> > > >that is justification enough. We thought that utilization might be
> > > >one of the possible values in the future I would be interested in your
> > > >comments.
> > > >I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS dicussion groups in the
> > > >next day or so.
> > > >
> > > >Don


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 10:26:13 2000
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From: Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
To: Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>, Dimitry Haskin <dhaskin@nexabit.com>
Cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: FW: I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t
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Dan,

Your corrected version of the text is fine.

Thanks
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dimitry Haskin
Lucent Technologies Internetworking Systems


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Daniel Awduche [mailto:awduche@UU.NET]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 25, 2000 2:33 AM
> To: Dimitry Haskin
> Cc: mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche
> Subject: Re: FW: I-D
> ACTION:draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-tunnel-applicability-01.t xt
> 
> 
> Dimitry,
> 
> Thanks or the note. See additional comments inline...
> 
> On Wed, Apr 19, 2000 at 10:52:03AM -0400, Dimitry Haskin wrote:
> > Dan,
> > 
> > Let me suggest the following text:
> > 
> > "To be definite, in the original RSVP protocol [3], a session 
> > was defined as a data flow with a particular destination and 
> > transport layer protocol.  In the RSVP-TE specification, however,
> > session is defined as the set of label switched packets with
> > a particular destination, tunnel id, and extended tunnel id."
> 
> This is a good try, but it conveys an incorrect impression
> that the parameters of the RSVP-TE SESSION object (tunnel end 
> point address, tunnel id, and extended tunnel id) are in fact 
> attributes of the label switched packets. That is, it
> confuses the semantics of the RSVP-TE signaling messages that
> instantiate a session with the attributes of the packets 
> that comprise the session.
> 
> Nonetheless, you did have a valid point in your original
> email, in that you discerned that the wording of the 
> applicability draft did not express the fact that a session 
> may result in more than one LSP. With this mind, 
> here's a corrected version of the second sentence which 
> accommodates your input.
> 
> "In the RSVP-TE specification, however, a session is defined 
> as the set of label switched packets that are instantiated
> by RSVP-TE messages containing particular values of the
> SESSION object parameters (Tunnel-End-Point-Address, 
> Tunnel-Id, and Extended-Tunnel-Id)."
> 
> Let's converge on these rhetorical aspects and move on
> to other issues... 
> 
> George/Lou feel free to step in if a more concise description 
> is needed.
> 
> Cheers,
> /Dan
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 16:32:47 2000
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Manav Mishra




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 21:07:34 2000
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To: Anoop Ghanwani <aghanwan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
Cc: anoop@BayNetworks.COM,
        "Fedyk, Don (D.W.) [EXCHANGE:BL60:2001]" <dwfedyk@americasm01.nt.com>,
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If I understand you right, you just want to run the existing SPF algorithm 
on metric A/B/C/D.

This is agreeable, but one may want to run a different path determination 
algorithm than SPF based on a specific definition of the metric.

Also, note that if we do not define precisely what we mean by the metrics 
and how they will be used, there will inherent incompatibilities between 
how vendors implement dynamically calculated metrics.

Although, I agree with defining generic metrics in theory, it is much 
better to define what all possible metrics are and then allow a provider to 
flood up to N of them as part of the flooding.

Yes?

So who wants to volunteer to write an ID on what possible metrics can be 
defined.

Bora


At 08:33 AM 4/25/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:

>Well, the provider is the one that specifies that he/she would like
>to find a path from A to B that minimizes TE Metric X.
>
>What's wrong with just trying to minimize TE Metric X, then?
>
>-Anoop
>
>Bora Akyol wrote:
> >
> > Yes
> >
> > But it is not the provider that implements how the TE metric X is used to
> > calculate a path. Therefore, it will be best if we could agree on a meaning
> > or a standard way of calculating routes, would be nice.
> >
> > Bora
> >
> > At 03:49 PM 4/24/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> >
> > >It's actually a little different than the EXP bits in MPLS.
> > >
> > >Basically, we have multiple metrics and a service provider
> > >can configure TE Metric 1 to be delay across his network.
> > >The burden of maintaining consistency is with the provider.
> > >Once he knows what TE Metric 1 represents, he just asks
> > >for an LSP that minimizes that metric.  I don't see why it
> > >would cause interoperability problems.
> > >
> > >Unlike with the EXP bits, every vendor just treats these as dumb
> > >numbers and picks one (TE metric 1, 2, 3 or 4) and uses the one
> > >specified by the operator as the one to be minimized during path
> > >selection for an LSP, possibly ignoring all the others.
> > >
> > >-Anoop
> > >
> > > > Don
> > > >
> > > > I have reviewed the presentation and one concern that I have about
> > > defining
> > > > metric but leaving them optional and "unnamed" is that they will be 
> just
> > > > like the EXP bits. Everybody will know what they will be used for but
> > > > because they are unnamed we will not be able to use them in a 
> multi-vendor
> > > > environment.
> > > >
> > > > Hence, I would like to suggest that we name Optional Metric 1 as 
> the "Link
> > > > Utilization Metric", Optional Metric 2 as the "Affinity Metric", 
> Optional
> > > > Metric 3 as the "Bora" (just kidding), "Administrative Cost Metric".
> > > >
> > > > What do you think?
> > > >
> > > > Bora
> > > >
> > > >
> > > > At 01:54 PM 4/21/00 +0000, Don Fedyk wrote:
> > > >
> > > > >Bora
> > > > >
> > > > >We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple 
> metrics. This
> > > > >has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by me.   The last
> > > > >presentation is at
> > > > >
> > > > ><http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf>http:/ 
> /www
> > > .ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > >We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that there are multiple
> > > > >metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, since we believe that
> > > > >that is justification enough. We thought that utilization might be
> > > > >one of the possible values in the future I would be interested in your
> > > > >comments.
> > > > >I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS dicussion groups 
> in the
> > > > >next day or so.
> > > > >
> > > > >Don





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 21:11:35 2000
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Date: Tue, 25 Apr 2000 17:39:10 -0700
To: "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>,
        "'neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr'" <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: RE: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the
  specific Destination
In-Reply-To: <01BFAEA4.C2C01120.manishs@future.futsoft.com>
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I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in providers 
networks.

FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.

Bora

At 10:55 AM 4/25/00 +0530, Manish R. Shah. wrote:

>Hi !!!
>
>Once the LSP's are created, the ingress router looks for the matching FEC, 
>and attaches
>a label corresponding to that FEC on to the data packet. Further 
>forwarding is done using
>the label switching.
>
>In an MPLS domain the LDP has already taken care of mapping
>FEC's with the incoming and outgoing Labels and efficient distribution of 
>Labels.
>
>Look at the following draft for furthur details.  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt
>
>Cheers !!!
>
>Manish R. Shah.
>Senior Software Engineer,
>Future Software Pvt Ltd.
>480-481, Anna Salai, Nandanam
>Chennai 600035.
>Phone: +91-(44)-433-0550 Xten 294.
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From:   Neetu Gupta [SMTP:neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr]
>Sent:   Tuesday, April 25, 2000 10:28 AM
>To:     mpls@uu.net
>Subject:        Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the 
>specific Destination
>
>Hello,
>     Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
>Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
>Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
>byte.
>
>Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
>packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?
>
>I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
>like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
>Please give some reference.
>Neetu





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 23:03:08 2000
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From: "Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC" <alchiu@att.com>
To: "'Peter Ashwood-Smith'" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
Cc: HANSEN CHAN <hchan@newbridge.com>, Daniel Awduche <awduche@UU.NET>,
        mpls@UU.NET, "'MPLS'" <mpls@apollo.mctr.umbc.edu>
Subject: RE: TE Extension of IGP and draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt
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Peter,
 
Your points are very valid for the problem context that you are describing
where all or majority of traffic is carried on LSPs, which maybe in the
order of 1000s. The problem I was describing in my earlier email is
different than yours. It is 
>> When a network operator wants to use 
> > a 
> > > small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming
all 
> > > other links having satisfactory performance.
For example, an ISP performs capacity planning based on demand forecast. In
practice, the real traffic may be somewhat different than the forecast in
either volume or distribution, maybe both. This may result in a few
congestion points in the network by using normal IGP routing, let's say 3
hot spots in this case. Then based on some offline tool, the operator
identifies that only 5 traffic trunks need to be rerouted using LSPs, and
finds the new path for each traffic trunk using some optimization algorithm.
As pointed out by Dan, if the problem persists, the operator may elect to
re-adjust the link capacity to solve the problem.
 
Regards,
 
Angela
 
-----Original Message-----
From: Peter Ashwood-Smith [mailto:petera@nortelnetworks.com]
Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 10:57 PM
To: 'MPLS'; Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC
Cc: HANSEN CHAN; Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: TE Extension of IGP and draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt




To be polite (but blunt). I believe you are wrong for the following reasons.


For a centralized solution to have accurate information it must gather
information from all nodes at approximately the setup/clearning rate of LSPs
in the network. This of course is impractical because the setup/clearing
rate may be 1000's per second during failure/resetup events.

A far more practical approach is to have all nodes aware of general trends,
via the normal OSPF/IS-IS floods and significant floods, and to then
feedback information along routes that are being used either successfully or
unsuccessfully. This allows those nodes that are sourcing LSPs to stay
fairly close to in sync with respect to the real network state, at least for
the slices through the network they are using. We have done considerable
simulation and implementation of this kind of approach and it works quite
well.

See the following draft for descriptions of how this works. I also have a
presentation that was given at the IETF that I can forward to anybody that
is interested. 

 <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt>
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt 

Oh, while I am at it, I am hoping to get a last call on this document ...
George, Vijay? 

Cheers, 

Peter Ashwood-Smith 


	BM__MailData-----Original Message----- 
From:   MPLS [SMTP:mpls@apollo.mctr.umbc.edu] 
Sent:   Monday, April 24, 2000 10:46 PM 
To:     Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC 
Cc:     HANSEN CHAN; Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET 
Subject:        RE: TE Extension of IGP 

	As far as my understanding of path computation goes, in online path 
computation scenario, which Dan mentioned is more likely to be the case, 
what ensures that the ingress node(s) have a consistent view of the 
network, how do we make sure that IGPs have converged and each node has 
correct topology as well as TE database ? 

	An offline tool i think "might" give a more realistic picture of the

network resource allocation state at any time, correct me if i am wrong. 

	Manish 




	On Mon, 24 Apr 2000, Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC wrote: 

	> Hansen, 
> 
> See comments in line. 
> 
> Angela 
> 
> AT&T Labs 
> Room C4-3A22 
> 200 Laurel Ave. 
> Middletown, NJ 07748 
> Tel. (732) 420-2290 
> Fax (732) 368-1746 
> Email: alchiu@att.com 
> 
> > -----Original Message----- 
> > From:       HANSEN CHAN [SMTP:hchan@newbridge.com] 
> > Sent:       Monday, April 24, 2000 6:17 PM 
> > To: Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC 
> > Cc: Daniel Awduche; mpls@UU.NET 
> > Subject:    Re: TE Extension of IGP 
> > 
> > Angela, 
> > 
> > > I just want to add one other point. When a network operator wants to
use 
> > a 
> > > small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming
all 
> > > other links having satisfactory performance, an offline tool may be
the 
> > > preferred way to identify which traffic trunks that contribute to
those 
> > > congestion points should be re-routed away from those hot spots, and 
> > then 
> > > figure out what the new non-shortest path should be, and leave all the

> > rest 
> > > of the traffic on its normal shortest path. 
> > 
> > If I understand the picture correctly, that offline tool should do the 
> > following: 
> > 
> > 1. collect statistics from the network and analyze network trunk
bandwidth 
> > utilization to understand where the hot spot is 
> > 2. compute the LSP paths (offline) with certain algorithm for the
optimal 
> > use of 
> > trunk bandwidth in the network 
>       [Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Yes. As I pointed out before, between your 
> steps 1 and 2, the offline tool needs to identify, for each hot spot, a
set 
> of traffic trunks that contribute to the congestion and need to be
rerouted. 
> 
> 
> > But as Dan said in his message, LSPs are more likely to be computed 
> > online. I 
> > cannot see how a node can compute all LSPs for the whole network. It
might 
> > be 
> > able to do a good job for LSPs originating from itself. But for LSPs 
> > originating 
> > from other edge LSR? I would think a offline tool is a better place to 
> > plan for 
> > all LSPs. 
>       [Chiu, Angela L, NNAD]  Actually, it is the ingress node (the node 
> where an LSP originates) that is responsible for the path computation
based 
> on the link state information propagated via IGP extension. 
> 
>       Angela 
> 
> > Cheers, 
> > Hansen 
> > 
> > > 
> > > 
> > > As far as I know, all the online LSP path computation algorithms 
> > provided by 
> > > the vendors are not capable of taking the normal IP traffic into
account 
> > > since the algorithms only see the bandwidth requirements from traffic
on 
> > > LSPs. If one has to use the online LSP path computation algorithm, 
> > he/she 
> > > needs to use some offline tool to figure out the aggregate bandwidth 
> > > requirement by the normal IP traffic on each link (excluding the
traffic 
> > > trunks that will be routed via LSPs), substract that from the total 
> > > available bandwidth for that link, and make that the new available 
> > bandwidth 
> > > for the online LSP path computation algorithm to use. 
> > > 
> > > Regards, 
> > > Angela 
> > > 
> > > AT&T Labs 
> > > Room C4-3A22 
> > > 200 Laurel Ave. 
> > > Middletown, NJ 07748 
> > > Tel. (732) 420-2290 
> > > Fax (732) 368-1746 
> > > Email: alchiu@att.com 
> > > 
> > > > -----Original Message----- 
> > > > From: Daniel Awduche [SMTP:awduche@UU.NET] 
> > > > Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 1:59 PM 
> > > > To:   HANSEN CHAN 
> > > > Cc:   Anoop Ghanwani; mpls@UU.NET; Daniel Awduche 
> > > > Subject:      Re: TE Extension of IGP 
> > > > 
> > > > Hansen, 
> > > > 
> > > > Online LSP path computation is the preferred operational model in
many 
> > > > contexts -- for many good reasons.  Obviously, service providers 
> > > > have the option to activate these aspects according to their 
> > > > circumstance and needs... 
> > > > 
> > > > As a simple rule of thumb, in networks with adequate capacity,
online 
> > > > constraint-based routing should suffice for LSP path placement. In 
> > > > relatively under-capacitated networks, however, significant 
> > > > offline effort may be required to squeeze additional utility from
the 
> > > > infrastructure. 
> > > > 
> > > > Cheers, 
> > > > /Dan 
> > > > 
> > > > On Fri, Apr 21, 2000 at 11:06:08PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote: 
> > > > > Dan, 
> > > > > 
> > > > > I agree that most MPLS implementations perform LSP path
computations 
> > > > online. But I 
> > > > > always thought the working LSPs deployed in the networks are still

> > > > computed 
> > > > > offline. You only use online computations when you're 
> > > > re-routing/repairing the LSPs 
> > > > > around some failure. Is my understanding correct? 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Cheers, 
> > > > > Hansen 
> > > > > 
> > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote: 
> > > > > 
> > > > > > Hansen, 
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Yes, many (perhaps most) contemporary implementations perform 
> > > > > > LSP path computations online. This is a mandatory requirement 
> > > > > > in some operational contexts. It's also possible to augment 
> > > > > > the online system with offline software tools. 
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > Cheers, 
> > > > > > /Dan 
> > > > > > 
> > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 06:04:13PM -0400, HANSEN CHAN wrote: 
> > > > > > > Dan, 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > To make sure I understand. Do you mean the path of LSPs is 
> > computed 
> > > > on the 
> > > > > > > node, not by software tools? 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Thanks, 
> > > > > > > Hansen 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > Daniel Awduche wrote: 
> > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > Actually, the original assertion/generalization is false 
> > > > > > > > (i.e. that "LSPs in today's MPLS network are usually
computed 
> > > > > > > > off-node"). 
> > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > Cheers, 
> > > > > > > > /Dan 
> > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > On Thu, Apr 20, 2000 at 02:08:22PM -0400, Anoop Ghanwani 
> > wrote: 
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > > I am trying to understanding the use of TE extension of 
> > IGP in 
> > > > a MPLS 
> > > > > > > > > > network. From my understanding, you need TE extension
when 
> > > > you're doing 
> > > > > > > > > > on-node path computation. However, since LSPs in today's

> > MPLS 
> > > > network 
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > We're hoping it won't stay that way forever because it's 
> > > > limiting 
> > > > > > > > > to have to rely on offline tools for all traffic
engineering 
> > :-) 
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > That means that traffic engineering would need to be more 
> > > > dynamic, 
> > > > > > > > > and the routers would play a more active role in
determining 
> > > > paths 
> > > > > > > > > and possibly doing network optimization.  Hence the IGP 
> > > > extensions. 
> > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > > are usually computed off-node (in software tool), why 
> > would 
> > > > the use of 
> > > > > > > > > > TE extension be critical? 
> > > > > > > > > > 
> > > > > > > > > > Appreciate if someone can shed some light on this 
> > question. 
> > > > > > > > > 
> 




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Tue Apr 25 23:26:53 2000
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Bora,

What you're saying does make sense.  There are however many issues
with defining what the metrics are.  First, we need acceptance from a
very
wide audience which is hard to get, because everyone is going to want
to see their favorite metric in there.  See, for intance how long 
it takes framework documents to mature (and the number of emails
on the list that discuss those issues too!).  Second, everytime 
someone decides they want to try a new metric, they will have 
to define a new TLV for it, and it'll require them to change code.

The disadvantages of defining exactly what the metrics are seems
to outweigh the advantages.  As Tony P. rightly pointed out, if
you're doing source routes, interoperability is not an issue anyway.
Besides, leaving them undefined provides flexibility to the provider
to use them as desired.  For example, a provider can choose to
use TE Metric 1 as delay in milliseconds and TE Metric 2 as delay
in microseconds.  When finding a path that is very delay-sensitive,
he can choose TE Metric 2 where he loses resolution at the high
end.  On the other hand, he could choose TE Metric 1 for longer
delay paths where resolution may be lost at the low end.

Would you plan on including multiple delay metrics in your draft?
I'd like to have that option.

-Anoop

Bora Akyol wrote:
> 
> If I understand you right, you just want to run the existing SPF algorithm
> on metric A/B/C/D.
> 
> This is agreeable, but one may want to run a different path determination
> algorithm than SPF based on a specific definition of the metric.
> 
> Also, note that if we do not define precisely what we mean by the metrics
> and how they will be used, there will inherent incompatibilities between
> how vendors implement dynamically calculated metrics.
> 
> Although, I agree with defining generic metrics in theory, it is much
> better to define what all possible metrics are and then allow a provider to
> flood up to N of them as part of the flooding.
> 
> Yes?
> 
> So who wants to volunteer to write an ID on what possible metrics can be
> defined.
> 
> Bora
>


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To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
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Bora

We went through a lot of this thought process and came to the 
conclusion that defining the place to put the metric was the
most we would do now. One of the rejected schemes was a metric 
descriptor that told you the type explicitly. So a 4 byte 
type vector could identify the metric carried and you could
actually do correlation if I put metric x as delay and you 
put metric y as delay as long as we stuck to a standard 
descriptor identifying "delay" we could interwork.  

So we currently propose an implicit definition as opposed 
to an explicit definition. My understanding is you would 
favor the more explicit definition. Then you need to define 
the identifying codes and that is where the debates start.
I think it is like politics, the more you specific you get 
the less people agree with you. ;-)

Don



> -----Original Message-----
> From: Bora Akyol [mailto:akyol@pluris.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, April 25, 2000 8:38 PM
> To: Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]; Bora Akyol
> Cc: anoop@BayNetworks.COM; Fedyk, Don [BL60:2001:EXCH]; mpls@UU.NET
> Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
> 
> 
> If I understand you right, you just want to run the existing 
> SPF algorithm 
> on metric A/B/C/D.
> 
> This is agreeable, but one may want to run a different path 
> determination 
> algorithm than SPF based on a specific definition of the metric.
> 
> Also, note that if we do not define precisely what we mean by 
> the metrics 
> and how they will be used, there will inherent 
> incompatibilities between 
> how vendors implement dynamically calculated metrics.
> 
> Although, I agree with defining generic metrics in theory, it is much 
> better to define what all possible metrics are and then allow 
> a provider to 
> flood up to N of them as part of the flooding.
> 
> Yes?
> 
> So who wants to volunteer to write an ID on what possible 
> metrics can be 
> defined.
> 
> Bora
> 
> 
> At 08:33 AM 4/25/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> 
> >Well, the provider is the one that specifies that he/she would like
> >to find a path from A to B that minimizes TE Metric X.
> >
> >What's wrong with just trying to minimize TE Metric X, then?
> >
> >-Anoop
> >
> >Bora Akyol wrote:
> > >
> > > Yes
> > >
> > > But it is not the provider that implements how the TE 
> metric X is used to
> > > calculate a path. Therefore, it will be best if we could 
> agree on a meaning
> > > or a standard way of calculating routes, would be nice.
> > >
> > > Bora
> > >
> > > At 03:49 PM 4/24/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:
> > >
> > > >It's actually a little different than the EXP bits in MPLS.
> > > >
> > > >Basically, we have multiple metrics and a service provider
> > > >can configure TE Metric 1 to be delay across his network.
> > > >The burden of maintaining consistency is with the provider.
> > > >Once he knows what TE Metric 1 represents, he just asks
> > > >for an LSP that minimizes that metric.  I don't see why it
> > > >would cause interoperability problems.
> > > >
> > > >Unlike with the EXP bits, every vendor just treats these as dumb
> > > >numbers and picks one (TE metric 1, 2, 3 or 4) and uses the one
> > > >specified by the operator as the one to be minimized during path
> > > >selection for an LSP, possibly ignoring all the others.
> > > >
> > > >-Anoop
> > > >
> > > > > Don
> > > > >
> > > > > I have reviewed the presentation and one concern that 
> I have about
> > > > defining
> > > > > metric but leaving them optional and "unnamed" is 
> that they will be 
> > just
> > > > > like the EXP bits. Everybody will know what they will 
> be used for but
> > > > > because they are unnamed we will not be able to use them in a 
> > multi-vendor
> > > > > environment.
> > > > >
> > > > > Hence, I would like to suggest that we name Optional 
> Metric 1 as 
> > the "Link
> > > > > Utilization Metric", Optional Metric 2 as the 
> "Affinity Metric", 
> > Optional
> > > > > Metric 3 as the "Bora" (just kidding), 
> "Administrative Cost Metric".
> > > > >
> > > > > What do you think?
> > > > >
> > > > > Bora
> > > > >
> > > > >
> > > > > At 01:54 PM 4/21/00 +0000, Don Fedyk wrote:
> > > > >
> > > > > >Bora
> > > > > >
> > > > > >We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple 
> > metrics. This
> > > > > >has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by 
> me.   The last
> > > > > >presentation is at
> > > > > >
> > > > > 
> ><http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-> papers/multiplemetrics.pdf>http:/ 
> > /www
> > > > .ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf
> > > > > >
> > > > > >
> > > > > >We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that 
> there are multiple
> > > > > >metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, 
> since we believe that
> > > > > >that is justification enough. We thought that 
> utilization might be
> > > > > >one of the possible values in the future I would be 
> interested in your
> > > > > >comments.
> > > > > >I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS 
> dicussion groups 
> > in the
> > > > > >next day or so.
> > > > > >
> > > > > >Don
> 
> 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Bora</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>We went through a lot of this thought process and came to the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>conclusion that defining the place to put the metric was the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>most we would do now. One of the rejected schemes was a metric </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>descriptor that told you the type explicitly. So a 4 byte </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>type vector could identify the metric carried and you could</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>actually do correlation if I put metric x as delay and you </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>put metric y as delay as long as we stuck to a standard </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>descriptor identifying &quot;delay&quot; we could interwork.&nbsp; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>So we currently propose an implicit definition as opposed </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>to an explicit definition. My understanding is you would </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>favor the more explicit definition. Then you need to define </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the identifying codes and that is where the debates start.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>I think it is like politics, the more you specific you get </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>the less people agree with you. ;-)</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Don</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Bora Akyol [<A HREF="mailto:akyol@pluris.com">mailto:akyol@pluris.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Sent: Tuesday, April 25, 2000 8:38 PM</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; To: Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]; Bora Akyol</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Cc: anoop@BayNetworks.COM; Fedyk, Don [BL60:2001:EXCH]; mpls@UU.NET</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: Re: Backend TE Support</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; If I understand you right, you just want to run the existing </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; SPF algorithm </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; on metric A/B/C/D.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; This is agreeable, but one may want to run a different path </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; determination </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; algorithm than SPF based on a specific definition of the metric.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Also, note that if we do not define precisely what we mean by </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; the metrics </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; and how they will be used, there will inherent </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; incompatibilities between </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; how vendors implement dynamically calculated metrics.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Although, I agree with defining generic metrics in theory, it is much </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; better to define what all possible metrics are and then allow </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; a provider to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; flood up to N of them as part of the flooding.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Yes?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; So who wants to volunteer to write an ID on what possible </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; metrics can be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; defined.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Bora</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; At 08:33 AM 4/25/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;Well, the provider is the one that specifies that he/she would like</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;to find a path from A to B that minimizes TE Metric X.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;What's wrong with just trying to minimize TE Metric X, then?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;-Anoop</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;Bora Akyol wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Yes</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; But it is not the provider that implements how the TE </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; metric X is used to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; calculate a path. Therefore, it will be best if we could </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; agree on a meaning</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; or a standard way of calculating routes, would be nice.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Bora</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; At 03:49 PM 4/24/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;It's actually a little different than the EXP bits in MPLS.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;Basically, we have multiple metrics and a service provider</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;can configure TE Metric 1 to be delay across his network.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;The burden of maintaining consistency is with the provider.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;Once he knows what TE Metric 1 represents, he just asks</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;for an LSP that minimizes that metric.&nbsp; I don't see why it</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;would cause interoperability problems.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;Unlike with the EXP bits, every vendor just treats these as dumb</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;numbers and picks one (TE metric 1, 2, 3 or 4) and uses the one</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;specified by the operator as the one to be minimized during path</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;selection for an LSP, possibly ignoring all the others.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;-Anoop</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Don</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; I have reviewed the presentation and one concern that </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I have about</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; defining</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; metric but leaving them optional and &quot;unnamed&quot; is </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; that they will be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; just</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; like the EXP bits. Everybody will know what they will </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; be used for but</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; because they are unnamed we will not be able to use them in a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; multi-vendor</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; environment.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Hence, I would like to suggest that we name Optional </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Metric 1 as </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; the &quot;Link</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Utilization Metric&quot;, Optional Metric 2 as the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &quot;Affinity Metric&quot;, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; Optional</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Metric 3 as the &quot;Bora&quot; (just kidding), </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &quot;Administrative Cost Metric&quot;.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; What do you think?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Bora</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; At 01:54 PM 4/21/00 +0000, Don Fedyk wrote:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;Bora</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;We have proposed extensions to the TE metrics for multiple </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; metrics. This</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;has been presented at the last two IETF meetings by </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; me.&nbsp;&nbsp; The last</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;presentation is at</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt;&lt;<A HREF="http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-" TARGET="_blank">http://www.ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-</A>&gt; papers/multiplemetrics.pdf&gt;<A HREF="http:/" TARGET="_blank">http:/</A> </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; /www</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; .ee.duke.edu/~ag/final-papers/multiplemetrics.pdf</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;We do not specify what is in the metrics, just that </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; there are multiple</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;metrics. The draft is focused on static metrics, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; since we believe that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;that is justification enough. We thought that </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; utilization might be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;one of the possible values in the future I would be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; interested in your</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;comments.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;I was planning to push fo this on the OSPF/IS-IS </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; dicussion groups </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; in the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;next day or so.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;Don</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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Balaram Amgoth



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 04:57:10 2000
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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 18:47:13 +1000
To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
From: Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the
  specific Destination
Cc: "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>,
        "'neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr'" <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>,
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At 17:39 04/25/2000 -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:
>I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in providers networks.

I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in providers'
ATM networks. :)

>FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.

That's arguably true in router-based networks, because of the
predominance of TE as an application of MPLS in those networks.
However, FEC to LSP binding is very much alive in ATM MPLS
networks. Also, at least one MPLS-based VPN scheme relies on
hop-by-hop routed MPLS (which may, in turn, be over-ridden by
TE) in network cores of any type.

Regards,

Jeremy Larence




>At 10:55 AM 4/25/00 +0530, Manish R. Shah. wrote:
>
>>Hi !!!
>>
>>Once the LSP's are created, the ingress router looks for the matching FEC, and attaches
>>a label corresponding to that FEC on to the data packet. Further forwarding is done using
>>the label switching.
>>
>>In an MPLS domain the LDP has already taken care of mapping
>>FEC's with the incoming and outgoing Labels and efficient distribution of Labels.
>>
>>Look at the following draft for furthur details.  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt
>>
>>Cheers !!!
>>
>>Manish R. Shah.
>>Senior Software Engineer,
>>Future Software Pvt Ltd.
>>480-481, Anna Salai, Nandanam
>>Chennai 600035.
>>Phone: +91-(44)-433-0550 Xten 294.
>>
>>
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From:   Neetu Gupta [SMTP:neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr]
>>Sent:   Tuesday, April 25, 2000 10:28 AM
>>To:     mpls@uu.net
>>Subject:        Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination
>>
>>Hello,
>>     Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
>>Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
>>Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
>>byte.
>>
>>Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
>>packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?
>>
>>I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
>>like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
>>Please give some reference.
>>Neetu
>
>
>
>




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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 08:32:42 -0300
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Hi all,

Does anybody know where I can get any kind of simulation study related
to MPLS?

Thank you
DVC



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From: "Ash, Gerald R (Jerry), ALARC" <gash@att.com>
To: mpls@UU.NET
Cc: "Ash, Gerald R (Jerry), ALARC" <gash@att.com>
Subject: RE: Backend TE Support
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 08:56:59 -0400
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A viewgraph summary of ID <draft-ash-te-qos-routing-01.txt> is located at:
http://www.research.att.com/~jrex/jerry/vgs.te.overview.ppt
<http://www.research.att.com/~jrex/jerry/vgs.te.overview.ppt> 
As mentioned below, these VGs were presented at the IETF47 TEWG, and provide
an
overview of the MPLS/TE simulation studies presented in the draft which
address many
of the topics discussed on this thread. 


>-----Original Message-----
>From: Ash, Gerald R (Jerry), ALARC
>Sent: Monday, April 24, 2000 9:50 AM
>To: 'Dave Cooper'; 'HANSEN CHAN'
>Cc: Ash, Gerald R (Jerry), ALARC; mpls@UU.NET <mailto:mpls@UU.NET> 
>Subject: RE: Backend TE Support
>
>
>The I-D located at
> http://www.research.att.com/~jrex/jerry/
<http://www.research.att.com/~jrex/jerry/> 
>reports simulation results for various LSP computation alternatives (under
>overload/failure scenarios on a large multiservice voice/data network):
>- off-node (centralized) vs. on-node (distributed) computation
>- available-bandwidth flooding vs. no available-bandwidth flooding
>- effect of frequency of available-bandwidth flooding
>- etc.
>In the "Main" (summary) section of the draft, Table 1.2 summarizes the
>comparison results:
>- on-node LSP computation can outperform off-node computation
>- LSP computation without available-bandwidth flooding can outperform
>methods with available-bandwidth flooding
>- etc.
>A viewgraph summary of the draft (presented at the IETF-47 TEWG) is
>available on request.
>----------------------
>Jerry Ash
>AT&T Labs
>Middletown, NJ, USA
>gash@att.com
>----------------------
>
>>-----Original Message-----
>>From: Dave Cooper [ mailto:dcooper@globalcenter.net
<mailto:dcooper@globalcenter.net> ]
>Sent: Thursday, April 20, 2000 12:05 PM
>>To: mpls@UU.NET
>>Subject: Backend TE Support
>>
>>We've been running MPLS in the core for TE purposes
>>for quite some time now. However, one of the largest hurdles we
>>have faced is not just the stability of the protocol
>>but the actual management of protocol. More specifically,
>>the TE bandwidth statements used to make "optimal" path
>>decisions. (Keeping TE bandwidth consistent with
>>actual peak flows).
>>
>>In a large backbone, flows can fluctuate by large
>>variations (usually due to egress traffic shifts,
>>down customers, or other external factors) and its
>>obvious that TE bandwidth can become "outdated" fairly
>>quickly.
>>
>>I was inquiring to see if other providers or vendors
>>have been working on developing software to help
>>manage this critical component of MPLS.  The old adage
>>is correct in "Garbage in, Garbage out" and if TE
>>bandwidth is not accurate, LSPs will never be
>>routed over optimal paths.  We have been doing some
>>in-house development, but we're always interested in
>>outside input or even code that can be co-developed.
>>
>>-dave





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 09:24:03 2000
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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 18:51:50 +0530
From: "Dorababu R." <drasamse@cisco.com>
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To: Daniela Cunha <daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br>
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Hi Daniela,

You can find some information about an MPLS simulator at
the following link.

http://raonet.com/mns/english.html

Dorababu

Daniela Cunha wrote:
> 
> Hi all,
> 
> Does anybody know where I can get any kind of simulation study related
> to MPLS?
> 
> Thank you
> DVC



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 09:32:10 2000
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To: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
cc: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "Ghanwani,
    Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Tue, 25 Apr 2000 22:41:48 CDT."
             <F033F6FEF3F1D111BD150000F8CD143103D98B8E@zcard007.ca.nortel.com> 
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 09:28:41 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <F033F6FEF3F1D111BD150000F8CD143103D98B8E@zcard007.ca.nortel.com>, "
Don Fedyk" writes:
> 
> Bora
> 
> We went through a lot of this thought process and came to the 
> conclusion that defining the place to put the metric was the
> most we would do now. One of the rejected schemes was a metric 
> descriptor that told you the type explicitly. So a 4 byte 
> type vector could identify the metric carried and you could
> actually do correlation if I put metric x as delay and you 
> put metric y as delay as long as we stuck to a standard 
> descriptor identifying "delay" we could interwork.  
> 
> So we currently propose an implicit definition as opposed 
> to an explicit definition. My understanding is you would 
> favor the more explicit definition. Then you need to define 
> the identifying codes and that is where the debates start.
> I think it is like politics, the more you specific you get 
> the less people agree with you. ;-)
> 
> Don


Bora, Don,

A compromise that seems to have worked well in diff-serv was to split
the 6 bit space into two parts, one predefined, where some consesus
was needed for assignement and the other was designated for
local-assignment.

The same sort of compromise would probably please the most people in
this case as well.

I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by commenting and
suggesting a compromise.  By introducing too much protocol which is
partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we could
be creating the standards process equivalent of a Tower of Babel.
[Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO territory. :)]

Curtis


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 10:17:14 2000
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From: Irwin Lazar <ILazar@tbg.com>
To: "'Daniela Cunha'" <daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Simulation
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 08:11:19 -0600
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We've got links to several simulation and modeling tools on the MPLS
Resource Center - http://www.mplsrc.com/vendor.shtml

Irwin

-----Original Message-----
From: Daniela Cunha [mailto:daniela@lrc.deene.ufu.br]
Sent: Wednesday, April 26, 2000 7:33 AM
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Simulation


Hi all,

Does anybody know where I can get any kind of simulation study related
to MPLS?

Thank you
DVC


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 10:41:23 2000
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To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Cc: Anoop Ghanwani <aghanwan@nortelnetworks.com>, anoop@BayNetworks.COM,
        "Fedyk, Don (D.W.) [EXCHANGE:BL60:2001]" <dwfedyk@americasm01.nt.com>,
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Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
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Bora Akyol wrote:

> Also, note that if we do not define precisely what we mean by the metrics
> and how they will be used, there will inherent incompatibilities between
> how vendors implement dynamically calculated metrics.

not if you use the computation results for strict (also hierarchical) source routes only ;-)
A deployed protocol out there is a proof of existence for that one.

        -- tony





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Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the  specific Destination
In-Reply-To: <4.2.2.20000426184209.00aab9e0@farley.cisco.com> from Jeremy Lawrence
 at "Apr 26, 2000 06:47:13 pm"
To: Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 11:13:29 -0400 (EDT)
CC: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>,
        "'neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr'" <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>,
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Hello,

I don't understand why you say that FEC to LSP bindings would be 'historical'
in router-based networks.  Would one of you expand on that for me?


Thanks,

Dave


> At 17:39 04/25/2000 -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:
> >I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in providers networks.
> 
> I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in providers'
> ATM networks. :)
> 
> >FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.
> 
> That's arguably true in router-based networks, because of the
> predominance of TE as an application of MPLS in those networks.
> However, FEC to LSP binding is very much alive in ATM MPLS
> networks. Also, at least one MPLS-based VPN scheme relies on
> hop-by-hop routed MPLS (which may, in turn, be over-ridden by
> TE) in network cores of any type.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Jeremy Larence
> 
> 
> 
> 
> >At 10:55 AM 4/25/00 +0530, Manish R. Shah. wrote:
> >
> >>Hi !!!
> >>
> >>Once the LSP's are created, the ingress router looks for the matching FEC, and attaches
> >>a label corresponding to that FEC on to the data packet. Further forwarding is done using
> >>the label switching.
> >>
> >>In an MPLS domain the LDP has already taken care of mapping
> >>FEC's with the incoming and outgoing Labels and efficient distribution of Labels.
> >>
> >>Look at the following draft for furthur details.  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt
> >>
> >>Cheers !!!
> >>
> >>Manish R. Shah.
> >>Senior Software Engineer,
> >>Future Software Pvt Ltd.
> >>480-481, Anna Salai, Nandanam
> >>Chennai 600035.
> >>Phone: +91-(44)-433-0550 Xten 294.
> >>
> >>
> >>-----Original Message-----
> >>From:   Neetu Gupta [SMTP:neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr]
> >>Sent:   Tuesday, April 25, 2000 10:28 AM
> >>To:     mpls@uu.net
> >>Subject:        Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination
> >>
> >>Hello,
> >>     Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
> >>Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
> >>Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
> >>byte.
> >>
> >>Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
> >>packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?
> >>
> >>I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
> >>like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
> >>Please give some reference.
> >>Neetu
> >
> >
> >
> >
> 
> 



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 12:52:42 2000
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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 12:52:27 -0400
To: mpls@UU.NET
From: "Thomas D. Nadeau" <tnadeau@cisco.com>
Subject: draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-04.txt published
Cc: cheenu Srinivasan <csrinivasan@tachion.com>,
        arun Viswanathan <arun@force10networks.com>
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	Hi,

	We have published version -04 of the MPLS LSR
MIB. The modifications which appear in this version
were minor and editorial in nature and came as a result
comments received from the MPLS List.

	In the time before this draft appears on the
MPLS web site, it can be found anonymously at:

ftp://ftp-eng.cisco.com/tnadeau/draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-04.txt

	--Tom 




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 13:09:16 2000
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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 13:07:33 -0400 (EDT)
From: Narin Suphasindhu <narin@fore.com>
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To: Neetu Gupta <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>
cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific
 Destination
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:>LSP. Also, all the Edge Routers in the MPLS domain are preconfigured.
:>So the LSPs are created from the Ingress point to every Edge Router.
:>Now the data packet for the destination outside the MPLS domain comes,
:>how can we find out which Egress LER will route to the Destination,
:>because at Ingress point we have label to Egress LER and not the
:>Destination in the Switching Table

Hi Neetu,

If I understand the question correctly, at the Ingress LER, you'd run BGP
to map destination prefixes to Egress LER.  Hence, destination prefixes to
LSPs.

Cheers,
-Narin




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 13:11:02 2000
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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 10:08:06 -0700
To: dwilder@baynetworks.com (David Wilder),
        Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the 
  specific Destination
Cc: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>,
        "'neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr'" <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
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I would urge you to look at what other network operators/vendors are 
deploying in their networks.

Specifically, what people are doing is running a modified version of the 
IGPs that use an SPF that ALWAYS prefers MPLS LSPs if there is an LSP that 
originates from the router running the SPF to the router that the SPF is 
trying to find a shortest path to. Then this new found route (LSP) is 
inserted directly into the route table.

So you get automatic LSP to FEC binding which does not need to be signaled 
by the Label Distribution protocols (RSVP, CR-LDP, LDP). IMHO, this is nice.

Therefore, I believe that explicitly specifying the FEC and LSP binding is 
only justified in very unique situations; otherwise, it is history.

Henk Smit et al, submitted an ID about this months ago (expired by now). I 
guess it did not quite get read.

Bora Akyol
Pluris (http://www.pluris.com)

At 11:13 AM 4/26/00 -0400, David Wilder wrote:
>Hello,
>
>I don't understand why you say that FEC to LSP bindings would be 'historical'
>in router-based networks.  Would one of you expand on that for me?
>
>
>Thanks,
>
>Dave
>
>
> > At 17:39 04/25/2000 -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:
> > >I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in 
> providers networks.
> >
> > I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in providers'
> > ATM networks. :)
> >
> > >FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.
> >
> > That's arguably true in router-based networks, because of the
> > predominance of TE as an application of MPLS in those networks.
> > However, FEC to LSP binding is very much alive in ATM MPLS
> > networks. Also, at least one MPLS-based VPN scheme relies on
> > hop-by-hop routed MPLS (which may, in turn, be over-ridden by
> > TE) in network cores of any type.
> >
> > Regards,
> >
> > Jeremy Larence
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > >At 10:55 AM 4/25/00 +0530, Manish R. Shah. wrote:
> > >
> > >>Hi !!!
> > >>
> > >>Once the LSP's are created, the ingress router looks for the matching 
> FEC, and attaches
> > >>a label corresponding to that FEC on to the data packet. Further 
> forwarding is done using
> > >>the label switching.
> > >>
> > >>In an MPLS domain the LDP has already taken care of mapping
> > >>FEC's with the incoming and outgoing Labels and efficient 
> distribution of Labels.
> > >>
> > >>Look at the following draft for furthur 
> details.  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt
> > >>
> > >>Cheers !!!
> > >>
> > >>Manish R. Shah.
> > >>Senior Software Engineer,
> > >>Future Software Pvt Ltd.
> > >>480-481, Anna Salai, Nandanam
> > >>Chennai 600035.
> > >>Phone: +91-(44)-433-0550 Xten 294.
> > >>
> > >>
> > >>-----Original Message-----
> > >>From:   Neetu Gupta [SMTP:neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr]
> > >>Sent:   Tuesday, April 25, 2000 10:28 AM
> > >>To:     mpls@uu.net
> > >>Subject:        Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the 
> specific Destination
> > >>
> > >>Hello,
> > >>     Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
> > >>Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
> > >>Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
> > >>byte.
> > >>
> > >>Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
> > >>packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?
> > >>
> > >>I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
> > >>like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
> > >>Please give some reference.
> > >>Neetu
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 14:01:43 2000
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To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
cc: dwilder@baynetworks.com (David Wilder),
        Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>,
        "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>,
        "'neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr'" <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPLS Domain for the specific Destination 
In-reply-to: Your message of Wed, 26 Apr 2000 10:08:06 -0700.
             <4.3.1.2.20000426100238.00b25b90@localhost> 
Reply-To: erosen@cisco.com
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Bora> Specifically, what people are doing ...

Generally, when a message begins like  this, it goes on to mention something
that some people are doing some  of the time, and then makes inferences that
would only be valid if that is what everyone were doing all of the time. 







From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 15:02:19 2000
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From: Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>
To: "'erosen@cisco.com'" <erosen@cisco.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Cc: "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: Finding the Egress Point in the MPLS Domain for the specific 
	Destination 
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 12:05:50 -0700
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:-)

Eric Rosen wrote:
> 
> Bora> Specifically, what people are doing ...
> 
> Generally, when a message begins like  this, it goes on to 
> mention something that some people are doing some of the 
> time, and then makes inferences that would only be valid 
> if that is what everyone were doing all of the time. 
> 

And this statement provides a specific example.
Of course, the inference (that such statements
should be ignored) is only implied... :-)

> 
> 
> 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 16:11:32 2000
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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 13:08:30 -0700
To: curtis@avici.com, "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
Cc: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
In-Reply-To: <200004261328.JAA02945@curtis-lt.avici.com>
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What we can do alternatively is leave this draft as is, but start another 
draft that is "informational" and documents what metrics people are using 
and how they can be used in an SPF computation.

Does this make sense?

Bora


At 09:28 AM 4/26/00 -0400, Curtis Villamizar wrote:

>In message 
><F033F6FEF3F1D111BD150000F8CD143103D98B8E@zcard007.ca.nortel.com>, "
>Don Fedyk" writes:
> >
> > Bora
> >
> > We went through a lot of this thought process and came to the
> > conclusion that defining the place to put the metric was the
> > most we would do now. One of the rejected schemes was a metric
> > descriptor that told you the type explicitly. So a 4 byte
> > type vector could identify the metric carried and you could
> > actually do correlation if I put metric x as delay and you
> > put metric y as delay as long as we stuck to a standard
> > descriptor identifying "delay" we could interwork.
> >
> > So we currently propose an implicit definition as opposed
> > to an explicit definition. My understanding is you would
> > favor the more explicit definition. Then you need to define
> > the identifying codes and that is where the debates start.
> > I think it is like politics, the more you specific you get
> > the less people agree with you. ;-)
> >
> > Don
>
>
>Bora, Don,
>
>A compromise that seems to have worked well in diff-serv was to split
>the 6 bit space into two parts, one predefined, where some consesus
>was needed for assignement and the other was designated for
>local-assignment.
>
>The same sort of compromise would probably please the most people in
>this case as well.
>
>I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by commenting and
>suggesting a compromise.  By introducing too much protocol which is
>partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we could
>be creating the standards process equivalent of a Tower of Babel.
>[Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO territory. :)]
>
>Curtis





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 16:17:15 2000
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From: dwilder@baynetworks.com (David Wilder)
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Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
In-Reply-To: <4.3.1.2.20000426130724.00b3f100@localhost> from Bora Akyol at "Apr
 26, 2000 01:08:30 pm"
To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 16:15:39 -0400 (EDT)
CC: curtis@avici.com, Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
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That sounds like a very good idea Bora.  

Dave

> 
> What we can do alternatively is leave this draft as is, but start another 
> draft that is "informational" and documents what metrics people are using 
> and how they can be used in an SPF computation.
> 
> Does this make sense?
> 
> Bora
> 
> 
> At 09:28 AM 4/26/00 -0400, Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> 
> >In message 
> ><F033F6FEF3F1D111BD150000F8CD143103D98B8E@zcard007.ca.nortel.com>, "
> >Don Fedyk" writes:
> > >
> > > Bora
> > >
> > > We went through a lot of this thought process and came to the
> > > conclusion that defining the place to put the metric was the
> > > most we would do now. One of the rejected schemes was a metric
> > > descriptor that told you the type explicitly. So a 4 byte
> > > type vector could identify the metric carried and you could
> > > actually do correlation if I put metric x as delay and you
> > > put metric y as delay as long as we stuck to a standard
> > > descriptor identifying "delay" we could interwork.
> > >
> > > So we currently propose an implicit definition as opposed
> > > to an explicit definition. My understanding is you would
> > > favor the more explicit definition. Then you need to define
> > > the identifying codes and that is where the debates start.
> > > I think it is like politics, the more you specific you get
> > > the less people agree with you. ;-)
> > >
> > > Don
> >
> >
> >Bora, Don,
> >
> >A compromise that seems to have worked well in diff-serv was to split
> >the 6 bit space into two parts, one predefined, where some consesus
> >was needed for assignement and the other was designated for
> >local-assignment.
> >
> >The same sort of compromise would probably please the most people in
> >this case as well.
> >
> >I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by commenting and
> >suggesting a compromise.  By introducing too much protocol which is
> >partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we could
> >be creating the standards process equivalent of a Tower of Babel.
> >[Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO territory. :)]
> >
> >Curtis
> 
> 
> 



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 16:25:08 2000
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Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
In-Reply-To: <4.3.1.2.20000426130724.00b3f100@localhost> from Bora Akyol at "Apr
 26, 2000 01:08:30 pm"
To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
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The existing draft already documents some of the commonly used metrics 
such as delay, hop count, etc. in an informational section.
Were you looking for more detail?

-Anoop

Bora Akyol wrote:
> 
> What we can do alternatively is leave this draft as is, but start another 
> draft that is "informational" and documents what metrics people are using 
> and how they can be used in an SPF computation.
> 
> Does this make sense?
> 
> Bora
> 




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 16:33:51 2000
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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 13:31:36 -0700
To: anoop@baynetworks.com (Anoop Ghanwani), Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
Cc: curtis@avici.com, Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>, mpls@UU.NET
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There may be more metrics that may be interesting. Two that came to my mind 
are:

1) Filtered Link Utilization Metric: This is a low pass filtered version of 
the current link utilization.
2) Raw Link Utilization Metric: This is an unfiltered version of the link 
utilization. Shows the instantaneous value at the time the LSP was sent.

What does separation buy the current draft? I think it allows us to quickly 
review the draft and pass it without focusing on the details of the metrics.

What do you think?

Bora


At 04:22 PM 4/26/00 -0400, Anoop Ghanwani wrote:

>The existing draft already documents some of the commonly used metrics
>such as delay, hop count, etc. in an informational section.
>Were you looking for more detail?
>
>-Anoop
>
>Bora Akyol wrote:
> >
> > What we can do alternatively is leave this draft as is, but start another
> > draft that is "informational" and documents what metrics people are using
> > and how they can be used in an SPF computation.
> >
> > Does this make sense?
> >
> > Bora
> >





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To: Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: RE: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the
  specific Destination
Cc: "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>,
        "'neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr'" <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
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 <01BFAEA4.C2C01120.manishs@future.futsoft.com>
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You are right,

I did not think about the ATM case (I should have been more specific, 
apologies extended), but I do not understand the difference between having 
MPLS LSP over POS vs MPLS LSP over ATM as long as either end of the LSP 
understands IP; i.e. what is the significance to the IP router of having 
MPLS over ATM vs MPLS over POS LSP? Or is there an ATM switch at one end of 
the LSP that does not have a routing protocol running and uses a 
lookup/classification table for IP to LSP mapping (ouch).


Thanks for catch.

Bora



At 06:47 PM 4/26/00 +1000, Jeremy Lawrence wrote:
>At 17:39 04/25/2000 -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:
> >I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in 
> providers networks.
>
>I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in providers'
>ATM networks. :)
>
> >FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.
>
>That's arguably true in router-based networks, because of the
>predominance of TE as an application of MPLS in those networks.
>However, FEC to LSP binding is very much alive in ATM MPLS
>networks. Also, at least one MPLS-based VPN scheme relies on
>hop-by-hop routed MPLS (which may, in turn, be over-ridden by
>TE) in network cores of any type.
>
>Regards,
>
>Jeremy Larence
>
>
>
>
> >At 10:55 AM 4/25/00 +0530, Manish R. Shah. wrote:
> >
> >>Hi !!!
> >>
> >>Once the LSP's are created, the ingress router looks for the matching 
> FEC, and attaches
> >>a label corresponding to that FEC on to the data packet. Further 
> forwarding is done using
> >>the label switching.
> >>
> >>In an MPLS domain the LDP has already taken care of mapping
> >>FEC's with the incoming and outgoing Labels and efficient distribution 
> of Labels.
> >>
> >>Look at the following draft for furthur 
> details.  draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt
> >>
> >>Cheers !!!
> >>
> >>Manish R. Shah.
> >>Senior Software Engineer,
> >>Future Software Pvt Ltd.
> >>480-481, Anna Salai, Nandanam
> >>Chennai 600035.
> >>Phone: +91-(44)-433-0550 Xten 294.
> >>
> >>
> >>-----Original Message-----
> >>From:   Neetu Gupta [SMTP:neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr]
> >>Sent:   Tuesday, April 25, 2000 10:28 AM
> >>To:     mpls@uu.net
> >>Subject:        Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the 
> specific Destination
> >>
> >>Hello,
> >>     Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
> >>Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
> >>Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
> >>byte.
> >>
> >>Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
> >>packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?
> >>
> >>I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
> >>like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
> >>Please give some reference.
> >>Neetu
> >
> >
> >
> >





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 17:14:34 2000
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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 05:13:04 -0400
To: Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
From: Jim Sullivan <jsullivan@quarrytech.com>
Subject: RE: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the 
  specific Destination
Cc: "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>,
        "'neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr'" <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>,
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Jeremy, 


At 06:47 PM 04/26/2000 +1000, Jeremy Lawrence wrote:
>At 17:39 04/25/2000 -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:
>>I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in
providers networks.
>
>I presume you are not familiar with how MPLS is actually used in providers'
>ATM networks. :)
>
>>FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.
>
>That's arguably true in router-based networks, because of the
>predominance of TE as an application of MPLS in those networks.
>However, FEC to LSP binding is very much alive in ATM MPLS
>networks. 
I'm not sure I completely follow this thread. I make the assumption
that Bora believes all packets that do not get forwarded on 
TE LSPs can be efficiently forwarded as unlabeled packets. 
Is the point your raising that ATM-LSRs in general can not
be expected to forward unlabeled traffic efficiently ? 

Also, at least one MPLS-based VPN scheme relies on
>hop-by-hop routed MPLS (which may, in turn, be over-ridden by
>TE) in network cores of any type.
>
>Regards,
>
>Jeremy Larence
>
>
>
>
>>At 10:55 AM 4/25/00 +0530, Manish R. Shah. wrote:
>>
>>>Hi !!!
>>>
>>>Once the LSP's are created, the ingress router looks for the matching
FEC, and attaches
>>>a label corresponding to that FEC on to the data packet. Further
forwarding is done using
>>>the label switching.
>>>
>>>In an MPLS domain the LDP has already taken care of mapping
>>>FEC's with the incoming and outgoing Labels and efficient distribution
of Labels.
>>>
>>>Look at the following draft for furthur details.
draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06.txt
>>>
>>>Cheers !!!
>>>
>>>Manish R. Shah.
>>>Senior Software Engineer,
>>>Future Software Pvt Ltd.
>>>480-481, Anna Salai, Nandanam
>>>Chennai 600035.
>>>Phone: +91-(44)-433-0550 Xten 294.
>>>
>>>
>>>-----Original Message-----
>>>From:   Neetu Gupta [SMTP:neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr]
>>>Sent:   Tuesday, April 25, 2000 10:28 AM
>>>To:     mpls@uu.net
>>>Subject:        Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the
specific Destination
>>>
>>>Hello,
>>>     Suppose the LSPs are created among the Edge Routers in the MPLS
>>>Domain with specific class of services. Now the data packet comes at the
>>>Ingress LER, the IP Header contains the Destination Address and TOS
>>>byte.
>>>
>>>Since there are labels to Egress Router, to which Egress LER the data
>>>packet will be forwarded that will route to the Destination?
>>>
>>>I've heard of the draft that specifies how to treat LSP tunnel end node
>>>like LSP egress edge as next node for route calculations.
>>>Please give some reference.
>>>Neetu
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
>


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 18:08:27 2000
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cc: curtis@avici.com, "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 26 Apr 2000 13:08:30 PDT."
             <4.3.1.2.20000426130724.00b3f100@localhost> 
Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 18:06:38 -0400
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In message <4.3.1.2.20000426130724.00b3f100@localhost>, Bora Akyol writes:
> 
> What we can do alternatively is leave this draft as is, but start another 
> draft that is "informational" and documents what metrics people are using 
> and how they can be used in an SPF computation.
> 
> Does this make sense?
> 
> Bora


Bora,

That would help.

It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
are not well matched.

Curtis


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 18:53:22 2000
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Date: Wed, 26 Apr 2000 15:51:05 -0700
To: curtis@avici.com, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
Cc: curtis@avici.com, "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
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OK!

I would be willing to author/co-author/edit such a draft, but would need 
help on defining the metrics and formulating them to fit the TLVs, LSAs etc.


Any volunteers?

Bora


At 06:06 PM 4/26/00 -0400, Curtis Villamizar wrote:

>In message <4.3.1.2.20000426130724.00b3f100@localhost>, Bora Akyol writes:
> >
> > What we can do alternatively is leave this draft as is, but start another
> > draft that is "informational" and documents what metrics people are using
> > and how they can be used in an SPF computation.
> >
> > Does this make sense?
> >
> > Bora
>
>
>Bora,
>
>That would help.
>
>It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
>conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
>substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
>degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
>go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
>are not well matched.
>
>Curtis





From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 19:37:50 2000
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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 09:35:02 +1000
To: Jim Sullivan <jsullivan@quarrytech.com>
From: Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>
Subject: RE: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the 
  specific Destination
Cc: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>, "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
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Jim,

At 05:13 04/27/2000 -0400, Jim Sullivan wrote:
>Jeremy, 
>
>
>At 06:47 PM 04/26/2000 +1000, Jeremy Lawrence wrote:
> >At 17:39 04/25/2000 -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:

[...]
> >>FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.
> >
> >That's arguably true in router-based networks, because of the
> >predominance of TE as an application of MPLS in those networks.
> >However, FEC to LSP binding is very much alive in ATM MPLS
> >networks. 
>I'm not sure I completely follow this thread. I make the assumption
>that Bora believes all packets that do not get forwarded on 
>TE LSPs can be efficiently forwarded as unlabeled packets. 
>Is the point your raising that ATM-LSRs in general can not
>be expected to forward unlabeled traffic efficiently ? 

Exactly right. ATM-LSRs do not necessarily have any capability
of forwarding unlabelled packets. Most, but not all, ATM-LSRs 
have some capacity to forward unlabelled packets, but (in all
cases I'm aware of) this is limited compared to their capacity
for labelled packet forwarding.

So, where the 'default' forwarding mechanism in a router network
using MPLS TE can sometimes be ordinary IP packet forwarding (see
also the next paragraph), the default mechanism in an ATM MPLS
network normally must be hop-by-hop routed MPLS.

There are also several VPN schemes that require labelled packet
forwarding as the default in any type of MPLS network over which
they operate.

Regards,

Jeremy Lawrence




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Wed Apr 26 20:00:40 2000
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To: erosen@cisco.com, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPLS Domain for the
  specific Destination 
Cc: dwilder@baynetworks.com (David Wilder),
        Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>,
        "manishs@future.futsoft.com" <manishs@future.futsoft.com>,
        "'neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr'" <neetug@daewoo.dti.daewoo.co.kr>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
In-Reply-To: <200004261800.OAA14555@erosen-sun.cisco.com>
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Eric

No need to insult my credibility.

The MPLS deployments that I have seen in the Tier 1 service provider market 
do use the modified IGP SPF and do not use the explicit LSP-to-FEC binding. 
Not only that but both your company's documentation and another router 
vendor's documentation suggest exactly what I wrote as the way to do TE.

So what this leaves is the use of LDP for VPNs that use FEC to LSP binding.

Maybe you should review your company's documentation and check with your 
customers.

Bora



At 02:00 PM 4/26/00 -0400, Eric Rosen wrote:
>Bora> Specifically, what people are doing ...
>
>Generally, when a message begins like  this, it goes on to mention something
>that some people are doing some  of the time, and then makes inferences that
>would only be valid if that is what everyone were doing all of the time.
>
>





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Reply-To: "ramanadc@future.futsoft.com" <ramanadc@future.futsoft.com>
To: "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: FR default DLCI
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 13:58:27 +0530
Organization: future softwarte
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hi
  I have a query related to MPLS-FR
  what is the default DLCI (like for ATM it is VPI=0 & VCI=32) ?
regards
 ramana
  


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From: "=?iso-8859-1?Q?Jorge_Patr=E3o?=" <jmpatrao@av.it.pt>
To: <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: LDP Session Initialization & MPLS Hardware
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 10:56:00 -0700
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    Hi everybody!
=20

    Do you know where can I find information on MPLS hardware vendors, =
models and it's features?

=20
    I alse have a doubt regarding LDP Session Initialization as =
described in draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06, section 2.5.3, pages 15/16.
=20
    2 LSRs are initiating an LDP session, LSR2 is active.
=20
                    LSR1---------------------------------------LSR2

    LSR2 establishes the TCP connection and sends an initialization =
message to LSR1.
    LSR1 processes the message and finds the proposed session parameters =
to be acceptable. It sends an Initialization message proposing it's own =
session parameters and a KeepAlive message to signal acceptance of =
LSR2's parameters.
    Next, LSR2 processes LSR1's init message - here's where the doubts =
begin.
=20
    First, lets suppose the parameters LSR1 wishes to use are =
unacceptable to LSR2. What happens?
        According to the LDP spec, LSR2 closes the connection [Page 16, =
2.b)] - remember that LSR1 agreed on LSR2's parameters.
=20
    Second, suppose that the parameters LSR1 wishes to use are =
acceptable to LSR2.
        LSR2 replies with a KeepAlive message - and I presume that the =
parameters used are proposed by LSR1.
=20
=20
=20
    Am I missing anything?
=20
=20
    Thanks for your help,
=20
=20
                Jorge

------=_NextPart_000_00D8_01BFB037.2CB1C180
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>

<META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 =
http-equiv=3DContent-Type>
<META content=3D'"MSHTML 4.72.3110.7"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=3D#ffffff>
<DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
color=3D#000000>Hi=20
everybody!</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT =
color=3D#000000>Do you=20
know where can I find information on MPLS hardware vendors, models and =
it's=20
features?</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I alse=20
have a doubt regarding LDP Session Initialization as described in=20
draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06, section 2.5.3, pages 15/16.</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2 LSRs=20
are initiating an LDP session, LSR2 is active.</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000></FONT></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
<FONT=20
color=3D#000000>LSR1---------------------------------------LSR2</FONT></F=
ONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LSR2=20
establishes the TCP connection and sends an initialization message to=20
LSR1.</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2><FONT =
color=3D#000000>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LSR1=20
processes the message and finds the proposed session parameters to be=20
acceptable. It sends an Initialization message proposing it's own =
session=20
parameters and a KeepAlive message to signal acceptance of LSR2's=20
parameters.</FONT></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Next, LSR2 =
processes LSR1's=20
init message - here's where the doubts begin.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; First, lets =
suppose the=20
parameters LSR1 wishes to use are unacceptable to LSR2. What=20
happens?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
According to the LDP spec, LSR2 closes the connection [Page 16, 2.b)] - =
remember=20
that LSR1 agreed on LSR2's parameters.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Second, suppose =
that the=20
parameters LSR1 wishes to use are acceptable to LSR2.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 =
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LSR2=20
replies with a KeepAlive message - and I presume that the parameters =
used are=20
proposed by LSR1.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Am I missing=20
anything?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Thanks for your=20
help,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#000000=20
size=3D2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;=20
Jorge</FONT></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 06:06:05 2000
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From: neil.2.harrison@bt.com
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To: Smakam@aol.com, srinivas.makam@tellabs.com, ben.mack-crane@tellabs.com,
        ken.owens@tellabs.com, vishal.sharma@tellabs.com,
        changcheng.huang@tellabs.com, fiffi@nortelnetworks.com,
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Subject: RE: Comments solicited on the draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-0. txt
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 10:40:16 +0100
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Hi Srinivas,  You wrote (19 Apr 00, 22:16):
	<extract>
	We solicit comments from the MPLS WG mailing list on the above
proposal as 
	well as on the items in the draft.

I have no specific comments on your proposals for atomic and composite
terms, except to suggest that there should be benefit from looking at some
of the functional modelling that has been done for other technologies such
as SDH, ATM and which will also be used to describe the optical layer.
Many vendors/operators have found these very useful, and I guess it would be
worthwhile trying to harmonise concepts/terminology.  (See ITU Rec.s G.803
for SDH and I.372 for ATM).  I think this will become increasingly important
when the optical layer is considered in conjunction with IP/MPLS.

As regards more general issues that the framework should address, I have
these observations:

1	Protection switching needs some form of trigger mechanism.  The
trigger may be as a result of a pre-meditated human intervention (ie
'planned-works' or TE actions by an operator) or an automatic intervention
by the network itself in response to network failure/degradation.  Taking
as-read that facilities will be provided for the operator intervention case,
we need to be sure that we have adequately identified/specified the defects
which are needed to create the restoration triggers for the failure case.
These will range from simple connectivity failures [either from a server
layer (identified by a client/server adaptation of an AIS-type Forward
Defect Indicator) or from within the MPLS layer itself], to various
misbranching conditions wholly within the MPLS layer, eg swapped LSPs,
unintended merging of different LSPs, unintended self-merging of the same
LSP (aka looping).  These latter misbranching defects are possible due to
the use of relative addressing, ie non-globally unique labels.

Hence, before we can progress restoration studies with any conviction we
must have identified and specified (in terms of entry/exit criteria and
consequent actions) all the defects that can occur in the MPLS user-plane.
It is not apparent to me that this has been done yet.

2	Since important uses of LSPs will be outside the IGP (eg TE and
possibly VPN construction) one cannot rely on the routing-protocol behaviour
to act as the 'detection tool'.  But this is obvious from other
considerations such as speed of required restoration action.  Further, one
should not assume that other aspects of the control-plane (eg signalling
network-topology/protocol) will be congruent with the topology of, or suffer
the same defect behaviour as, the user-plane.  We therefore need trigger
mechanisms based on defects relevant to, and detected within, the
user-plane.

3	In order that the SLA objectives (which operators will need to
define) for the various QoS metrics have statistical meaning, it is
important that their aggregation is suspended during periods of persistent
outage, ie under the condition that full resource restoration was not
possible, or that it was not achieved within a given period.  One therefore
must specify an availability metric (which is independent of the QoS
metrics).  This requires that the entry/exit criteria for the availability
state of an LSP needs to be defined.  We therefore need to think about the
definition of such an availability metric for LSPs and I am not aware any
work has been done on this.

Note:
(i)	In established WAN server layer technologies such as SDH and ATM,
availability is defined around a 10s integration period over which the
defect has to persist (entry) or be absent (exit).  This is historical in
nature (and I think was originally based on how long someone could
realistically be expected to hang-on to a 'dead' telephony connection before
hanging-up).  However, I mention this since this is the value that current
WAN server layers tend to operate against in terms of their SLAs (to their
client networks or peer-layer applications)

(ii)	I can foresee some interesting issues arising wrt measuring
availability and QoS SLAs for operators when using MPLS.  For example, in a
single-class BE only environment the distinction between availability and
QoS is blurred since failures (assuming no, or partial, resource
restoration) get translated into a perceived QoS impairment due to sharing a
lesser resource over the same traffic load [at some stage one cannot
continue to share a dwindling resource amongst a fixed traffic load and
still appeal to a 'QoS translation'.....since the network would, at some
resource point, flip modes and become unavailable for all affected users].
With DiffServ and same-class aggregation, the effect is similar to the
previous case (ie availability and QoS distinctions become blurred), except
that now (as a generalisation) the translation of the failure into a QoS
impairment is skewed by class priority instead of uniform.  These
observations are largely related to the IGP behaviour being the key
determinant of network survivability.  But when LSP routings are created
outside the IGP then the above observations no longer hold and we have to
consider the (for want of a better word) 'survivability index' of that
particular LSP against its peers and the restoration contention with the
previously described traffic.  The above arguments can be further extended,
and further complicated, by considering these effects over VPNs and public
application/service offerings.  Since operators will want to be able to
offer varying availability SLAs independent of QoS SLAs (esp for VPNs) all
the issues raised above (from 1) will be important considerations of the
MPLS layer restoration specifications, and as such should be addressed
within the framework document (or if not, then somewhere else). 

Regards, Neil




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 06:54:47 2000
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Multiprotocol Label Switching Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: MPLS Label Switch Router Management Information Base 
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	Author(s)	: C. Srinivasan, A. Viswanathan, T. Nadeau
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-04.txt
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 08:33:57 2000
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From: manikantan <manis@future.futsoft.com>
To: "'ramanadc@future.futsoft.com'" <ramanadc@kailash.future.futsoft.com>,
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Subject: RE: FR default DLCI
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Hello Ramana

My understanding is that there is no default value as in ATM, where as this value is a configurable one.

Please refer Section 5.1 - draft-ietf-mpls-fr-03.txt.
There is states
"   For two connected FR-LSRs, a full-duplex connection must be available
   for  LDP.   The  DLCI  for  the  LDP VC is assigned a value by way of
   configuration, similar to configuring the DLCI used to run IP routing
   protocols between the switches."

regards
mani


-----Original Message-----
From:	Ramanadc [SMTP:ramanadc@future.futsoft.com]
Sent:	Thursday, April 27, 2000 1:58 PM
To:	mpls@uu.net
Subject:	FR default DLCI

hi
  I have a query related to MPLS-FR
  what is the default DLCI (like for ATM it is VPI=0 & VCI=32) ?
regards
 ramana
  


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From: "=?iso-8859-1?Q?Jorge_Patr=E3o?=" <jmpatrao@av.it.pt>
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Subject: RSVP and MPLS
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    Hi everybody.

    Yet another doubt, RSVP related.

    How does RSVP interact with scheddulling algorithms to provide QoS?


        Jorge

   =20




   =20

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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 09:39:16 2000
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To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
cc: curtis@avici.com, "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 26 Apr 2000 15:51:05 PDT."
             <4.3.1.2.20000426155007.00b09700@localhost> 
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 09:37:17 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <4.3.1.2.20000426155007.00b09700@localhost>, Bora Akyol writes:
> OK!
> 
> I would be willing to author/co-author/edit such a draft, but would need 
> help on defining the metrics and formulating them to fit the TLVs, LSAs etc.
> 
> Any volunteers?
> 
> Bora


Bora,

Perhaps you missed this prior comment:

   I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by commenting and
   suggesting a compromise.  By introducing too much protocol which is
   partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we
   could be creating the standards process equivalent of a Tower of
   Babel.  [Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO
   territory. :)]

I am not in favor of a draft which defines information to be
advertised with no stated purpose.  This is a lot like the old TOS
bits, which all sounded like a great idea.  I recall, cost,
throughput, delay, and what was the other one.  They never got used.
IP is fortunate to have minimized such baggage, unlike OSI.

OTOH, I do expect to be working on an MPLS-OMP implementation (RSN?)
and will resubmit the OSPF-OMP and MPLS-OMP drafts for consideration
again by the respective work groups.  The OSPF WG seems inclined to
advance the OSPF-OMP as experimental, but I'd prefer to split it in
two, one on flooding, one on OSPF-OMP forwarding.  The MPLS-OMP work
relies on the OSPF-OMP flooding only.  There was also a very small
ISIS-OMP draft which needs to be revised since the sub-TLVs used
conflict with sub-TLVs later taken by ISIS TE extensions for CR.

Curtis


> >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
> >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
> >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
> >are not well matched.


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 09:59:36 2000
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To: prz@siara.com
cc: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>, curtis@avici.com,
        Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani,
    Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Wed, 26 Apr 2000 17:10:20 PDT."
             <3907856C.4922B8CF@siara.com> 
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 09:54:45 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <3907856C.4922B8CF@siara.com>, Tony Przygienda writes:
> Bora Akyol wrote:
> 
> > >That would help.
> > >
> > >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> > >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> > >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
> > >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
> > >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
> > >are not well matched.
> > >
> > >Curtis
> 
> Recently a whole Ph.D. thesis has been done on that very topic
> by  Apostolopoulos in Watson/UMD, may be worth reading before
> re-inventing ...
> 
>     -- tony


URL please.

Curtis


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 10:03:55 2000
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To: Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>
cc: Jim Sullivan <jsullivan@quarrytech.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 27 Apr 2000 09:35:02 +1000."
             <4.2.2.20000427091619.00a8fd10@farley.cisco.com> 
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 10:01:37 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <4.2.2.20000427091619.00a8fd10@farley.cisco.com>, Jeremy Lawrence wr
ites:
> Jim,
> 
> At 05:13 04/27/2000 -0400, Jim Sullivan wrote:
> >Jeremy, 
> >
> >
> >At 06:47 PM 04/26/2000 +1000, Jeremy Lawrence wrote:
> > >At 17:39 04/25/2000 -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:
> 
> [...]
> > >>FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.
> > >
> > >That's arguably true in router-based networks, because of the
> > >predominance of TE as an application of MPLS in those networks.
> > >However, FEC to LSP binding is very much alive in ATM MPLS
> > >networks. 
> >I'm not sure I completely follow this thread. I make the assumption
> >that Bora believes all packets that do not get forwarded on 
> >TE LSPs can be efficiently forwarded as unlabeled packets. 
> >Is the point your raising that ATM-LSRs in general can not
> >be expected to forward unlabeled traffic efficiently ? 
> 
> Exactly right. ATM-LSRs do not necessarily have any capability
> of forwarding unlabelled packets. Most, but not all, ATM-LSRs 
> have some capacity to forward unlabelled packets, but (in all
> cases I'm aware of) this is limited compared to their capacity
> for labelled packet forwarding.
> 
> So, where the 'default' forwarding mechanism in a router network
> using MPLS TE can sometimes be ordinary IP packet forwarding (see
> also the next paragraph), the default mechanism in an ATM MPLS
> network normally must be hop-by-hop routed MPLS.
> 
> There are also several VPN schemes that require labelled packet
> forwarding as the default in any type of MPLS network over which
> they operate.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Jeremy Lawrence


Jeremy,

Some ISPs have considered running MPLS-RSVP backbones in which the
interior nodes do run an IGP but do not run IBGP.  In such a network,
any router which has one or more EBGP peers must run IBGP and have a
tunnel to any other router with one or more EBGP peer.  The IGP
carries only internal routes and is used for the MPLS signaling plus
management of the network.

This design does not forward external IP traffic hop by hop and does
not use LDP either.  A similar approach could be taken for MPLS-ATM.

Curtis


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 10:17:42 2000
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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 10:17:28 -0500
From: "James R. Leu" <jleu@mindspring.com>
To: curtis@avici.com, Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>
Cc: Jim Sullivan <jsullivan@quarrytech.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination
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In-Reply-To: <200004271401.KAA04457@curtis-lt.avici.com>; from Curtis Villamizar on Thu, Apr 27, 2000 at 10:01:37AM -0400
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On Thu, Apr 27, 2000 at 10:01:37AM -0400, Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> 
> In message <4.2.2.20000427091619.00a8fd10@farley.cisco.com>, Jeremy Lawrence wr
> ites:
> > Jim,
> > 
> > At 05:13 04/27/2000 -0400, Jim Sullivan wrote:
> > >Jeremy, 
> > >
> > >
> > >At 06:47 PM 04/26/2000 +1000, Jeremy Lawrence wrote:
> > > >At 17:39 04/25/2000 -0700, Bora Akyol wrote:
> > 
> > [...]
> > > >>FEC to LSP binding is almost historical now.
> > > >
> > > >That's arguably true in router-based networks, because of the
> > > >predominance of TE as an application of MPLS in those networks.
> > > >However, FEC to LSP binding is very much alive in ATM MPLS
> > > >networks. 
> > >I'm not sure I completely follow this thread. I make the assumption
> > >that Bora believes all packets that do not get forwarded on 
> > >TE LSPs can be efficiently forwarded as unlabeled packets. 
> > >Is the point your raising that ATM-LSRs in general can not
> > >be expected to forward unlabeled traffic efficiently ? 
> > 
> > Exactly right. ATM-LSRs do not necessarily have any capability
> > of forwarding unlabelled packets. Most, but not all, ATM-LSRs 
> > have some capacity to forward unlabelled packets, but (in all
> > cases I'm aware of) this is limited compared to their capacity
> > for labelled packet forwarding.
> > 
> > So, where the 'default' forwarding mechanism in a router network
> > using MPLS TE can sometimes be ordinary IP packet forwarding (see
> > also the next paragraph), the default mechanism in an ATM MPLS
> > network normally must be hop-by-hop routed MPLS.
> > 
> > There are also several VPN schemes that require labelled packet
> > forwarding as the default in any type of MPLS network over which
> > they operate.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > 
> > Jeremy Lawrence
> 
> 
> Jeremy,
> 
> Some ISPs have considered running MPLS-RSVP backbones in which the
> interior nodes do run an IGP but do not run IBGP.  In such a network,
> any router which has one or more EBGP peers must run IBGP and have a
> tunnel to any other router with one or more EBGP peer.  The IGP
> carries only internal routes and is used for the MPLS signaling plus
> management of the network.
> 
> This design does not forward external IP traffic hop by hop and does
> not use LDP either.  A similar approach could be taken for MPLS-ATM.

I had a design built around an ATM network that did just this.  A real
plus to this idea is if the tunnels to the others EBGP speakers were
created dynamically as soon at they were learned. (ie each time a new
BGP next hop is learned a tunnel is created to that BGP next hop)

Is this a new idea or is this the same idea as BGP short cuts?

> 
> Curtis

-- 
James R. Leu


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 10:24:15 2000
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From: Eric Gray <EGray@zaffire.com>
To: "'curtis@avici.com'" <curtis@avici.com>, prz@siara.com
Cc: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>, Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Backend TE Support 
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 07:27:02 -0700
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Curtis,

	I believe it's the one that can be found at:

    http://www.cs.umd.edu/users/georgeap/

You wrote:
> 
> 
> 
> In message <3907856C.4922B8CF@siara.com>, Tony Przygienda writes:
> > Bora Akyol wrote:
> > 
> > > >That would help.
> > > >
> > > >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> > > >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> > > >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
> > > >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or 
> too quickly and
> > > >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity 
> reaction time
> > > >are not well matched.
> > > >
> > > >Curtis
> > 
> > Recently a whole Ph.D. thesis has been done on that very topic
> > by  Apostolopoulos in Watson/UMD, may be worth reading before
> > re-inventing ...
> > 
> >     -- tony
> 
> 
> URL please.
> 
> Curtis
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 10:35:39 2000
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From: dwilder@baynetworks.com (David Wilder)
Message-Id: <200004271432.KAA18591@bubba.engeast>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
In-Reply-To: <200004271337.JAA04379@curtis-lt.avici.com> from Curtis Villamizar
 at "Apr 27, 2000 09:37:17 am"
To: curtis@avici.com
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 10:32:59 -0400 (EDT)
CC: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>, Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
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Aren't we going down a rathole here?  The discussion on what metrics to put
in and how to define them can go on forever.  I agree with Bora.  Let's
move ahead with putting in the extra metrics; leaving the definitions flexible
for now.  Then we can add a supplemental draft later on with guidelines for
how these metrics should be defined.

Dave


> 
> In message <4.3.1.2.20000426155007.00b09700@localhost>, Bora Akyol writes:
> > OK!
> > 
> > I would be willing to author/co-author/edit such a draft, but would need 
> > help on defining the metrics and formulating them to fit the TLVs, LSAs etc.
> > 
> > Any volunteers?
> > 
> > Bora
> 
> 
> Bora,
> 
> Perhaps you missed this prior comment:
> 
>    I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by commenting and
>    suggesting a compromise.  By introducing too much protocol which is
>    partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we
>    could be creating the standards process equivalent of a Tower of
>    Babel.  [Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO
>    territory. :)]
> 
> I am not in favor of a draft which defines information to be
> advertised with no stated purpose.  This is a lot like the old TOS
> bits, which all sounded like a great idea.  I recall, cost,
> throughput, delay, and what was the other one.  They never got used.
> IP is fortunate to have minimized such baggage, unlike OSI.
> 
> OTOH, I do expect to be working on an MPLS-OMP implementation (RSN?)
> and will resubmit the OSPF-OMP and MPLS-OMP drafts for consideration
> again by the respective work groups.  The OSPF WG seems inclined to
> advance the OSPF-OMP as experimental, but I'd prefer to split it in
> two, one on flooding, one on OSPF-OMP forwarding.  The MPLS-OMP work
> relies on the OSPF-OMP flooding only.  There was also a very small
> ISIS-OMP draft which needs to be revised since the sub-TLVs used
> conflict with sub-TLVs later taken by ISIS TE extensions for CR.
> 
> Curtis
> 
> 
> > >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> > >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> > >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
> > >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
> > >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
> > >are not well matched.



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From: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
Organization: Nortel Networks
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Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP and draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt
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HANSEN CHAN wrote:
> 
> Peter,
> 
> > To be polite (but blunt). I believe you are wrong for the following reasons.
> >
> > For a centralized solution to have accurate information it must gather information from all nodes at approximately
> > the setup/clearning rate of LSPs in the network. This of course is impractical because the setup/clearing rate may
> > be 1000's per second during failure/resetup events.
> 
> Other than initial setup/failure/resetup time, I do not think there will be a huge amount of activities on the
> signalling plane. There might be a few sporadic events in response to hot spots. Then following this reasoning, the
> centralized solution should be able to have a pretty accurate information of the network.
> 
> Comment?
> 
> Cheers,
> Hansen

  If you only have a few traffic engineered LSPs then you could even manually provision them
and not worry about even ANY signaling. When you design a routing protocol you have to assume
it is going to get used and on a large scale. Then, if you have done your design properly it
can extend to larger and larger scales without having to be redesigned or new versions put in the network. 

  When we are lucky enough to work on routing protocol design and code, we try to make it work
to the extreme limits of our abilities. This means distributed mechanisms with better more
accurate ways of getting topology data than simple flooding. These are good mechanisms that
scale and work well in relatively large networks. I am not aware of any other mechanisms that
scale as well. 

  I guess I don't subscribe to the "its good enough" model of design. I want to participate
in the design and implementation of things as close to perfect as I know how to make them.
I know it sounds corny but that's how these protocols should be designed, not just for
quick and dirty or short term profit reasons.

  Ok, off my soap box now ...

  Cheers,

  Peter


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 11:10:41 2000
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To: L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk
cc: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 27 Apr 2000 15:00:51 BST."
             <Pine.GSO.4.21.0004271459030.27622-100000@petra.ee.surrey.ac.uk> 
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 11:01:56 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <Pine.GSO.4.21.0004271459030.27622-100000@petra.ee.surrey.ac.uk>, Ll
oyd Wood writes:
> On Thu, 27 Apr 2000, Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> 
> > URL please.
> 
> http://www.cs.umd.edu/users/georgeap/
> 
> L.


Thanks.  I have seen this.

My only comment is that this is very good work but QoS routing != TE
when TE is being applied to large aggregates of traffic in IP
backbones (or any other backbone where large aggregates of traffic are
handled by a relatively small number of extremely persisitent tunnels,
whether tunnels provided by LSPs, ATM VPs, or lambdas).

Curtis


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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 11:02:33 -0400
From: "Peter Ashwood-Smith" <petera@nortelnetworks.com>
Organization: Nortel Networks
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To: "Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC" <alchiu@att.com>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: TE Extension of IGP and draft-ietf-mpls-te-feed-00.txt
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Chiu, Angela L, ALSVC wrote:
> 
> Peter,
> 
> Your points are very valid for the problem context that you are describing
> where all or majority of traffic is carried on LSPs, which maybe in the
> order of 1000s. The problem I was describing in my earlier email is
> different than yours. It is
> >> When a network operator wants to use
> > > a
> > > > small set of LSPs to remove a few hot spots in the network assuming
> all
> > > > other links having satisfactory performance.
> For example, an ISP performs capacity planning based on demand forecast. In
> practice, the real traffic may be somewhat different than the forecast in
> either volume or distribution, maybe both. This may result in a few
> congestion points in the network by using normal IGP routing, let's say 3
> hot spots in this case. Then based on some offline tool, the operator
> identifies that only 5 traffic trunks need to be rerouted using LSPs, and
> finds the new path for each traffic trunk using some optimization algorithm.
> As pointed out by Dan, if the problem persists, the operator may elect to
> re-adjust the link capacity to solve the problem.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Angela

  A problem we face, as software designers is making our software work for
an entire problem space. If we pick a subset of the problem space and only
solve it, we have to be very clear that is all we intend to solve. MPLS
/ traffic engineering is aimed at solving the same problems that ATM solves
today. That is to say, large numbers of LSPs of all different layer 1 and 0
types of transport from optical to shim and atm/fr transport. 

  We cannot begin to predict how many LSPs will be needed in the networks of
tomorrow although we can assume that we will need at least as many as we
have today in ATM style networks. As a result our problem space is larger than
that which you describe and hence our solutions must take that entire space
into account. 

  I know some people view MPLS TE as just a few LSPs here and there and
that scaling is not an issue, I disagree with this and believe that attitude
will severly limit the usefulness of MPLS TE. As MPLS heads into the optical
domain and SONET domain it will have to address concerns of large carriers 
with carrier grade expectations and this implies good scalability and predictable
performance.

  Cheers,

  Peter


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 11:23:52 2000
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To: dwilder@baynetworks.com (David Wilder)
cc: curtis@avici.com, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani,
    Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 27 Apr 2000 10:32:59 EDT."
             <200004271432.KAA18591@bubba.engeast> 
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 11:20:09 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <200004271432.KAA18591@bubba.engeast>, David Wilder writes:
> Aren't we going down a rathole here?  The discussion on what metrics to put
> in and how to define them can go on forever.  I agree with Bora.  Let's
> move ahead with putting in the extra metrics; leaving the definitions flexibl
> e
> for now.  Then we can add a supplemental draft later on with guidelines for
> how these metrics should be defined.
> 
> Dave


Dave,

I was just responding to the "Any volunteers?" question from Bora
which seemed likely to be directed to me as a result of the "It might
also be necessary ..." comment.

I don't want to be an obstructionist but I do want to point out that
there is a reason for my not wanting to add to or support this work
unless it is better defined.  We'll have to see if WG consensus is
with you to move forward with this.

I am also pointing to OMP as an example of a use of additional metrics
which for better or worse, is well defined.  I strongly believe in
having "working code and first" and then advancing a document so I've
presented OMP, will implement, then ask for advancement as
experimental, then only after deployment suggest standards track
advancement.  Don, Bora, and others, seem taking the opposite approach
in defining protocol with the intemtion of later determining a use for
it.  In the past the IETF has insisted that things be well thought out
and documented and has avoided protocol options with uncertain usage.

Curtis


> > In message <4.3.1.2.20000426155007.00b09700@localhost>, Bora Akyol writes:
> > > OK!
> > > 
> > > I would be willing to author/co-author/edit such a draft, but would need 
> > > help on defining the metrics and formulating them to fit the TLVs, LSAs e
> tc.
> > > 
> > > Any volunteers?
> > > 
> > > Bora
> > 
> > 
> > Bora,
> > 
> > Perhaps you missed this prior comment:
> > 
> >    I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by commenting and
> >    suggesting a compromise.  By introducing too much protocol which is
> >    partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we
> >    could be creating the standards process equivalent of a Tower of
> >    Babel.  [Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO
> >    territory. :)]
> > 
> > I am not in favor of a draft which defines information to be
> > advertised with no stated purpose.  This is a lot like the old TOS
> > bits, which all sounded like a great idea.  I recall, cost,
> > throughput, delay, and what was the other one.  They never got used.
> > IP is fortunate to have minimized such baggage, unlike OSI.
> > 
> > OTOH, I do expect to be working on an MPLS-OMP implementation (RSN?)
> > and will resubmit the OSPF-OMP and MPLS-OMP drafts for consideration
> > again by the respective work groups.  The OSPF WG seems inclined to
> > advance the OSPF-OMP as experimental, but I'd prefer to split it in
> > two, one on flooding, one on OSPF-OMP forwarding.  The MPLS-OMP work
> > relies on the OSPF-OMP flooding only.  There was also a very small
> > ISIS-OMP draft which needs to be revised since the sub-TLVs used
> > conflict with sub-TLVs later taken by ISIS TE extensions for CR.
> > 
> > Curtis
> > 
> > 
> > > >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> > > >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> > > >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
> > > >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
> > > >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
> > > >are not well matched.
> 
> 


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 11:30:35 2000
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To: jleu@mindspring.com
cc: curtis@avici.com, Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>,
        Jim Sullivan <jsullivan@quarrytech.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 27 Apr 2000 10:17:28 CDT."
             <20000427101728.C2129@doit.wisc.edu> 
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 11:28:05 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <20000427101728.C2129@doit.wisc.edu>, "James R. Leu" writes:
> 
> I had a design built around an ATM network that did just this.  A real
> plus to this idea is if the tunnels to the others EBGP speakers were
> created dynamically as soon at they were learned. (ie each time a new
> BGP next hop is learned a tunnel is created to that BGP next hop)
> 
> Is this a new idea or is this the same idea as BGP short cuts?


James,

In implementations that I am aware of, the tunnel goes to the peer and
is intended to be configured according to a historic bandwidth
statistic, typically 95 percentile originally suggested by Awduche.
There seems to be some interest in using CR with the greater of a
configured value and a measured value (filtered, of course), but I
have not seem strong interest in using a measured value only and
automatically setting up LSPs to either IBGP peers or as new IBGP next
hops are learned (though I personally like the idea a lot, but more
likely using IBGP peers rather than learned next hops).

Curtis


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 12:07:19 2000
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Message-ID: <20000427120633.D2129@doit.wisc.edu>
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 12:06:33 -0500
From: "James R. Leu" <jleu@mindspring.com>
To: curtis@avici.com
Cc: Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>,
        Jim Sullivan <jsullivan@quarrytech.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination
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In-Reply-To: <200004271528.LAA04831@curtis-lt.avici.com>; from Curtis Villamizar on Thu, Apr 27, 2000 at 11:28:05AM -0400
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On Thu, Apr 27, 2000 at 11:28:05AM -0400, Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> 
> In message <20000427101728.C2129@doit.wisc.edu>, "James R. Leu" writes:
> > 
> > I had a design built around an ATM network that did just this.  A real
> > plus to this idea is if the tunnels to the others EBGP speakers were
> > created dynamically as soon at they were learned. (ie each time a new
> > BGP next hop is learned a tunnel is created to that BGP next hop)
> > 
> > Is this a new idea or is this the same idea as BGP short cuts?
> 
> 
> James,
> 
> In implementations that I am aware of, the tunnel goes to the peer and
> is intended to be configured according to a historic bandwidth
> statistic, typically 95 percentile originally suggested by Awduche.
> There seems to be some interest in using CR with the greater of a
> configured value and a measured value (filtered, of course), but I
> have not seem strong interest in using a measured value only and
> automatically setting up LSPs to either IBGP peers or as new IBGP next
> hops are learned (though I personally like the idea a lot, but more
> likely using IBGP peers rather than learned next hops).

The reason for using the BGP next hop is to solve the case when you use a
route reflector.  In which case each IBGP speaker only has one peer, but
many BGP next hops.

I agree that most "real" TE uses historical bandwidth to a particular node
when setting up a static tunnel.  In my design I envisioned categorizing the
next hops that a particular ingress will use.  An example of these categories
may be:

-High Density Customer POP
-Low Density Customer POP
-Major Exit Point
-Minor Exit Point

Each category would have a template associated with it.  The template would
have many generic parameters specified.  Each BGP next hop would be assigned
to one of these categories (by use of access lists configured by the admin).
Creation of tunnels to these next hops would be dynamic.

Any next hops that can not be classified into one of the categories would have
to be provisioned as static tunnels.

Any thoughts on this?

Jim
-- 
James R. Leu


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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 09:24:25 -0700
To: curtis@avici.com, dwilder@baynetworks.com (David Wilder)
From: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
Cc: curtis@avici.com, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
In-Reply-To: <200004271520.LAA04810@curtis-lt.avici.com>
References: <Your message of "Thu, 27 Apr 2000 10:32:59 EDT." <200004271432.KAA18591@bubba.engeast>
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Curtis

Aren't we generalizing here?

I am interested in seeing an implementation of a routing protocol that is 
sensitive to the status of the network instead of being static. Unlike OMP 
however, I would like to start simple by not creating hot spots first and 
then build on it.

I have reviewed the OMP work extensively about one year ago and agree that 
it has merit, on the other hand it can benefit from theoretical analysis of 
stability of the filters that are employed on the link utilization instead 
of defining a set of  filters that work in a simulation environment but may 
not work for all networks under all conditions. (I think such an analysis 
would make an excellent thesis topic by the way)

I think that the SIGCOMM 89 paper by Zhinky and Khanna is a good starting 
point on applying control theory concepts and methods to analyzing a 
dynamic metric, and should be reviewed by all that are interested in 
dynamic network-sensitive routing in the Internet.

The fact that Don et al. had started work on a set of metrics that can be 
flooded as part of the LSPs means that I can use their mechanisms to 
implement my simple load-sensitive routing protocol.

So I don't see any point on not supporting flooding of four (essentially) 
opaque metrics. OMP surely can use them too , right?

Anyway, as I said before, I think that there is a lot of work to be done in 
the area of traffic engineering that does and does not use MPLS. I think 
the WG needs to be supportive of such developments. (Of course according to 
the charter of the WG, if these topics are not included, we should take 
them elsewhere)

Regards

Bora




At 11:20 AM 4/27/00 -0400, Curtis Villamizar wrote:

>In message <200004271432.KAA18591@bubba.engeast>, David Wilder writes:
> > Aren't we going down a rathole here?  The discussion on what metrics to put
> > in and how to define them can go on forever.  I agree with Bora.  Let's
> > move ahead with putting in the extra metrics; leaving the definitions 
> flexibl
> > e
> > for now.  Then we can add a supplemental draft later on with guidelines for
> > how these metrics should be defined.
> >
> > Dave
>
>
>Dave,
>
>I was just responding to the "Any volunteers?" question from Bora
>which seemed likely to be directed to me as a result of the "It might
>also be necessary ..." comment.
>
>I don't want to be an obstructionist but I do want to point out that
>there is a reason for my not wanting to add to or support this work
>unless it is better defined.  We'll have to see if WG consensus is
>with you to move forward with this.
>
>I am also pointing to OMP as an example of a use of additional metrics
>which for better or worse, is well defined.  I strongly believe in
>having "working code and first" and then advancing a document so I've
>presented OMP, will implement, then ask for advancement as
>experimental, then only after deployment suggest standards track
>advancement.  Don, Bora, and others, seem taking the opposite approach
>in defining protocol with the intemtion of later determining a use for
>it.  In the past the IETF has insisted that things be well thought out
>and documented and has avoided protocol options with uncertain usage.
>
>Curtis
>
>
> > > In message <4.3.1.2.20000426155007.00b09700@localhost>, Bora Akyol 
> writes:
> > > > OK!
> > > >
> > > > I would be willing to author/co-author/edit such a draft, but would 
> need
> > > > help on defining the metrics and formulating them to fit the TLVs, 
> LSAs e
> > tc.
> > > >
> > > > Any volunteers?
> > > >
> > > > Bora
> > >
> > >
> > > Bora,
> > >
> > > Perhaps you missed this prior comment:
> > >
> > >    I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by commenting and
> > >    suggesting a compromise.  By introducing too much protocol which is
> > >    partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we
> > >    could be creating the standards process equivalent of a Tower of
> > >    Babel.  [Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO
> > >    territory. :)]
> > >
> > > I am not in favor of a draft which defines information to be
> > > advertised with no stated purpose.  This is a lot like the old TOS
> > > bits, which all sounded like a great idea.  I recall, cost,
> > > throughput, delay, and what was the other one.  They never got used.
> > > IP is fortunate to have minimized such baggage, unlike OSI.
> > >
> > > OTOH, I do expect to be working on an MPLS-OMP implementation (RSN?)
> > > and will resubmit the OSPF-OMP and MPLS-OMP drafts for consideration
> > > again by the respective work groups.  The OSPF WG seems inclined to
> > > advance the OSPF-OMP as experimental, but I'd prefer to split it in
> > > two, one on flooding, one on OSPF-OMP forwarding.  The MPLS-OMP work
> > > relies on the OSPF-OMP flooding only.  There was also a very small
> > > ISIS-OMP draft which needs to be revised since the sub-TLVs used
> > > conflict with sub-TLVs later taken by ISIS TE extensions for CR.
> > >
> > > Curtis
> > >
> > >
> > > > >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> > > > >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> > > > >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
> > > > >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
> > > > >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
> > > > >are not well matched.
> >
> >





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From: "Don Fedyk" <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>
To: curtis@avici.com, dwilder@baynetworks.com
Cc: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
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Subject: RE: Backend TE Support
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Curtis

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Curtis Villamizar [mailto:curtis@avici.com]
> Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
> 
<snip>

> 
> I am also pointing to OMP as an example of a use of additional metrics
> which for better or worse, is well defined.  I strongly believe in
> having "working code and first" and then advancing a document so I've
> presented OMP, will implement, then ask for advancement as
> experimental, then only after deployment suggest standards track
> advancement.  Don, Bora, and others, seem taking the opposite approach
> in defining protocol with the intemtion of later determining a use for
> it.  In the past the IETF has insisted that things be well thought out
> and documented and has avoided protocol options with uncertain usage.
> 
> Curtis
> 
I would like to address this. We originally proposed multiple static 
metrics for TE from a real requirement. Now we could have just gone 
for one additional optional metric but the effort is rather large. 
So we went for three additional to give us some breathing room. I 
merely suggested that the way we've defined them that others could 
use them for other things - maybe to get real working code. Perhaps
this was a mistake, although we were planning to experiment with the 
additional metrics if you hadn't already guessed. 

If there is disagreement, we could go for experimental but really all 
we want is a few standard TLV codes that we don't have to redefine. 
The other stuff can be defined later.

Don



> 
> > > In message <4.3.1.2.20000426155007.00b09700@localhost>, 
> Bora Akyol writes:
> > > > OK!
> > > > 
> > > > I would be willing to author/co-author/edit such a 
> draft, but would need 
> > > > help on defining the metrics and formulating them to 
> fit the TLVs, LSAs e
> > tc.
> > > > 
> > > > Any volunteers?
> > > > 
> > > > Bora
> > > 
> > > 
> > > Bora,
> > > 
> > > Perhaps you missed this prior comment:
> > > 
> > >    I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by 
> commenting and
> > >    suggesting a compromise.  By introducing too much 
> protocol which is
> > >    partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we
> > >    could be creating the standards process equivalent of 
> a Tower of
> > >    Babel.  [Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO
> > >    territory. :)]
> > > 
> > > I am not in favor of a draft which defines information to be
> > > advertised with no stated purpose.  This is a lot like the old TOS
> > > bits, which all sounded like a great idea.  I recall, cost,
> > > throughput, delay, and what was the other one.  They 
> never got used.
> > > IP is fortunate to have minimized such baggage, unlike OSI.
> > > 
> > > OTOH, I do expect to be working on an MPLS-OMP 
> implementation (RSN?)
> > > and will resubmit the OSPF-OMP and MPLS-OMP drafts for 
> consideration
> > > again by the respective work groups.  The OSPF WG seems 
> inclined to
> > > advance the OSPF-OMP as experimental, but I'd prefer to 
> split it in
> > > two, one on flooding, one on OSPF-OMP forwarding.  The 
> MPLS-OMP work
> > > relies on the OSPF-OMP flooding only.  There was also a very small
> > > ISIS-OMP draft which needs to be revised since the sub-TLVs used
> > > conflict with sub-TLVs later taken by ISIS TE extensions for CR.
> > > 
> > > Curtis
> > > 
> > > 
> > > > >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> > > > >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> > > > >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to 
> provide a high
> > > > >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or 
> too quickly and
> > > > >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the 
> adaptivity reaction time
> > > > >are not well matched.
> > 
> > 
> 

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<P><FONT SIZE=2>Curtis</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; -----Original Message-----</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; From: Curtis Villamizar [<A HREF="mailto:curtis@avici.com">mailto:curtis@avici.com</A>]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Subject: Re: Backend TE Support</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; I am also pointing to OMP as an example of a use of additional metrics</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; which for better or worse, is well defined.&nbsp; I strongly believe in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; having &quot;working code and first&quot; and then advancing a document so I've</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; presented OMP, will implement, then ask for advancement as</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; experimental, then only after deployment suggest standards track</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; advancement.&nbsp; Don, Bora, and others, seem taking the opposite approach</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; in defining protocol with the intemtion of later determining a use for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; it.&nbsp; In the past the IETF has insisted that things be well thought out</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; and documented and has avoided protocol options with uncertain usage.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Curtis</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>I would like to address this. We originally proposed multiple static </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>metrics for TE from a real requirement. Now we could have just gone </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>for one additional optional metric but the effort is rather large. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>So we went for three additional to give us some breathing room. I </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>merely suggested that the way we've defined them that others could </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>use them for other things - maybe to get real working code. Perhaps</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>this was a mistake, although we were planning to experiment with the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>additional metrics if you hadn't already guessed. </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>If there is disagreement, we could go for experimental but really all </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>we want is a few standard TLV codes that we don't have to redefine. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>The other stuff can be defined later.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>Don</FONT>
</P>
<BR>
<BR>

<P><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; In message &lt;4.3.1.2.20000426155007.00b09700@localhost&gt;, </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; Bora Akyol writes:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; OK!</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; I would be willing to author/co-author/edit such a </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; draft, but would need </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; help on defining the metrics and formulating them to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; fit the TLVs, LSAs e</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; tc.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Any volunteers?</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; Bora</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Bora,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Perhaps you missed this prior comment:</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I don't mean to lend my support for this proposal by </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; commenting and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; suggesting a compromise.&nbsp; By introducing too much </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; protocol which is</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; partially defined, and possibly not well enough thought out, we</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; could be creating the standards process equivalent of </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; a Tower of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Babel.&nbsp; [Which might not be policially correct since that's ISO</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; territory. :)]</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; I am not in favor of a draft which defines information to be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; advertised with no stated purpose.&nbsp; This is a lot like the old TOS</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; bits, which all sounded like a great idea.&nbsp; I recall, cost,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; throughput, delay, and what was the other one.&nbsp; They </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; never got used.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; IP is fortunate to have minimized such baggage, unlike OSI.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; OTOH, I do expect to be working on an MPLS-OMP </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; implementation (RSN?)</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; and will resubmit the OSPF-OMP and MPLS-OMP drafts for </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; consideration</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; again by the respective work groups.&nbsp; The OSPF WG seems </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; inclined to</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; advance the OSPF-OMP as experimental, but I'd prefer to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; split it in</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; two, one on flooding, one on OSPF-OMP forwarding.&nbsp; The </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; MPLS-OMP work</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; relies on the OSPF-OMP flooding only.&nbsp; There was also a very small</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; ISIS-OMP draft which needs to be revised since the sub-TLVs used</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; conflict with sub-TLVs later taken by ISIS TE extensions for CR.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; Curtis</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;substantially affect many algorithms.&nbsp; Attempts to </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; provide a high</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; too quickly and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;go unstable if the flooding frequency and the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; adaptivity reaction time</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; &gt; &gt; &gt;are not well matched.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; &gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=2>&gt; </FONT>
</P>

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From: Tony Przygienda <prz@siara.com>
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To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
Cc: curtis@avici.com, Don Fedyk <dwfedyk@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Ghanwani, Anoop [BAY:BL60:485]" <aghanwan@baynetworks.com>,
        anoop@baynetworks.com, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
References: <Your message of "Wed, 26 Apr 2000 13:08:30 PDT." <4.3.1.2.20000426130724.00b3f100@localhost> <4.3.1.2.20000426155007.00b09700@localhost>
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Bora Akyol wrote:

> >That would help.
> >
> >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
> >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
> >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
> >are not well matched.
> >
> >Curtis

Recently a whole Ph.D. thesis has been done on that very topic
by  Apostolopoulos in Watson/UMD, may be worth reading before
re-inventing ...

    -- tony





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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 15:00:51 +0100 (BST)
From: Lloyd Wood <l.wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk>
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To: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
cc: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
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On Thu, 27 Apr 2000, Curtis Villamizar wrote:

> > > >It might also be necessary to provide some sort of advice or
> > > >conventions on flooding frequency since flooding frequency will
> > > >substantially affect many algorithms.  Attempts to provide a high
> > > >degreee of adaptivity can either react very slowly or too quickly and
> > > >go unstable if the flooding frequency and the adaptivity reaction time
> > > >are not well matched.
> > > >
> > > >Curtis
> > 
> > Recently a whole Ph.D. thesis has been done on that very topic
> > by  Apostolopoulos in Watson/UMD, may be worth reading before
> > re-inventing ...
> > 
> >     -- tony
> 
> 
> URL please.

http://www.cs.umd.edu/users/georgeap/

L.

'Apostolopoulos' is a fairly rare search term for google.

<L.Wood@surrey.ac.uk>PGP<http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/L.Wood/>




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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 11:20:46 -0700
From: Tony Przygienda <prz@siara.com>
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support
To: curtis@avici.com
Cc: L.Wood@eim.surrey.ac.uk, mpls@UU.NET
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Curtis Villamizar wrote:

> In message <Pine.GSO.4.21.0004271459030.27622-100000@petra.ee.surrey.ac.uk>, Ll
> oyd Wood writes:
> > On Thu, 27 Apr 2000, Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> >
> > > URL please.
> >
> > http://www.cs.umd.edu/users/georgeap/
> >
> > L.
>
> Thanks.  I have seen this.
>
> My only comment is that this is very good work but QoS routing != TE
> when TE is being applied to large aggregates of traffic in IP
> backbones (or any other backbone where large aggregates of traffic are
> handled by a relatively small number of extremely persisitent tunnels,
> whether tunnels provided by LSPs, ATM VPs, or lambdas).
>
> Curtis

The measurement of  trends for different low-pass filtering techniques
on the accurary of information you get on average in your nodes and % blocking of calls or
% of packet drops will be holding for TE as well {assuming we're talking here about
dynamic LSP establishment or OMP'ish kind of load-balancing solutions}.
Available bandwidth in TE is nothing else but QoS in one metric _in terms of
flooding_! Observe again, I'm not talking about computation algorithms you
apply to such information. This part you cannot deduct from this thesis, I agree
and will be specific to the engineering solution you pursuit ...

    thxn

    -- tony




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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 13:15:04 -0500
From: "James R. Leu" <jleu@mindspring.com>
To: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Jorge_Patr=E3o?= <jmpatrao@av.it.pt>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: LDP Session Initialization & MPLS Hardware
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Comments within:

On Thu, Apr 27, 2000 at 10:56:00AM -0700, Jorge Patrão wrote:
>     Hi everybody!
>  
> 
>     Do you know where can I find information on MPLS hardware vendors, models and it's features?
> 
>  
>     I alse have a doubt regarding LDP Session Initialization as described in draft-ietf-mpls-ldp-06, section 2.5.3, pages 15/16.
>  
>     2 LSRs are initiating an LDP session, LSR2 is active.
>  
>                     LSR1---------------------------------------LSR2
> 
>     LSR2 establishes the TCP connection and sends an initialization message to LSR1.
>     LSR1 processes the message and finds the proposed session parameters to be acceptable. It sends an Initialization message proposing it's own session parameters and a KeepAlive message to signal acceptance of LSR2's parameters.

Both sides send init messages with the parameter they want.  In other words
LSR2 already knows what it will send in it's init message before it recieves
the init message from LSR1.  After they exchange init message, it is up to
each LSR to arrive at the same subset of parameters.  If each LSR follows the
spec then this is not a problem.  They signal to each other that this subset
of parameters is acceptable by exchanging keepalives.  If either side
find the subset unacceptable, they send a notification and close the TCP
session.

Does this make sense?

Jim

>     Next, LSR2 processes LSR1's init message - here's where the doubts begin.
>  
>     First, lets suppose the parameters LSR1 wishes to use are unacceptable to LSR2. What happens?
>         According to the LDP spec, LSR2 closes the connection [Page 16, 2.b)] - remember that LSR1 agreed on LSR2's parameters.
>  
>     Second, suppose that the parameters LSR1 wishes to use are acceptable to LSR2.
>         LSR2 replies with a KeepAlive message - and I presume that the parameters used are proposed by LSR1.
>  
>  
>  
>     Am I missing anything?
>  
>  
>     Thanks for your help,
>  
>  
>                 Jorge

-- 
James R. Leu


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 14:03:52 2000
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Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 20:00:33 +0200
From: Juan Diego Otero <jote4102@alu-etsetb.upc.es>
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<HTML>
<FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1>Hi,</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1></FONT></FONT>

<P><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1>My name is Diego Otero and
I would like to know where I can find</FONT></FONT>
<BR><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1>documents related to different
ways to build MPLS VPNs.</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1></FONT></FONT>

<P><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1>I alrealdy have two drafts
about MPLS VPNs architecture:</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1></FONT></FONT>

<P><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1><B>draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt</B>
and <B>draft-heinanen-mpls-vpn-01.txt</B>.</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1></FONT></FONT>

<P><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1>Which one is preferred? Is
one better than the other or they are just differents?</FONT></FONT>
<BR><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1>Are there anymore drafts
about MPLS VPNs?</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1></FONT></FONT>

<P><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1>Thanks a lot.</FONT></FONT><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1></FONT></FONT>

<P><FONT FACE="Arial,Helvetica"><FONT SIZE=-1>Diego Otero.</FONT></FONT></HTML>



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	charset="windows-1252"

Have a look at:
 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-rosen-rfc2547bis-00.txt
<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-rosen-rfc2547bis-00.txt> 
 
http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-muthukrishnan-mpls-corevpn-arch
-00.txt
<http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-muthukrishnan-mpls-corevpn-arc
h-00.txt> 
 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-zhang-crldp-ext-for-vpn-00.txt
<http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-zhang-crldp-ext-for-vpn-00.txt> 
 
We've also got several articles on the MPLS Resource Center -
http://www.mplsrc.com/ <http://www.mplsrc.com/>  - that might be of
interest.
 
Irwin

-----Original Message-----
From: Juan Diego Otero [mailto:jote4102@alu-etsetb.upc.es]
Sent: Thursday, April 27, 2000 2:01 PM
To: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: MPLS based VPNs


Hi, 

My name is Diego Otero and I would like to know where I can find 
documents related to different ways to build MPLS VPNs. 


I alrealdy have two drafts about MPLS VPNs architecture: 


draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt and draft-heinanen-mpls-vpn-01.txt. 


Which one is preferred? Is one better than the other or they are just
differents? 
Are there anymore drafts about MPLS VPNs? 


Thanks a lot. 


Diego Otero. 


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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=3D"Content-Type" CONTENT=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dwindows-1252">


<META content=3D"MSHTML 5.00.2920.0" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D552362518-27042000>Have a=20
look at:</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D552362518-27042000></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D552362518-27042000><A=20
href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-rosen-rfc2547bis-00.tx=
t">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-rosen-rfc2547bis-00.txt</A>=
</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D552362518-27042000></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D552362518-27042000><A=20
href=3D"http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-muthukrishnan-mpls-=
corevpn-arch-00.txt">http://search.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-muthuk=
rishnan-mpls-corevpn-arch-00.txt</A></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D552362518-27042000></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D552362518-27042000><A=20
href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-zhang-crldp-ext-for-vp=
n-00.txt">http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-zhang-crldp-ext-for-=
vpn-00.txt</A></SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D552362518-27042000></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN =
class=3D552362518-27042000>We've=20
also got several articles on the MPLS Resource Center - <A=20
href=3D"http://www.mplsrc.com/">http://www.mplsrc.com/</A> - that might =
be of=20
interest.</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D552362518-27042000></SPAN></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=3D#0000ff face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D552362518-27042000>Irwin</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style=3D"MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV align=3Dleft class=3DOutlookMessageHeader dir=3Dltr><FONT =
face=3DTahoma=20
  size=3D2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Juan Diego Otero=20
  [mailto:jote4102@alu-etsetb.upc.es]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Thursday, April =
27, 2000=20
  2:01 PM<BR><B>To:</B> mpls@UU.NET<BR><B>Subject:</B> MPLS based=20
  VPNs<BR><BR></DIV></FONT><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT=20
  size=3D-1>Hi,</FONT></FONT><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT=20
  size=3D-1></FONT></FONT>=20
  <P><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1>My name is Diego =
Otero and I would=20
  like to know where I can find</FONT></FONT> <BR><FONT=20
  face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1>documents related to different =
ways to=20
  build MPLS VPNs.</FONT></FONT><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT=20
  size=3D-1></FONT></FONT>=20
  <P><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1>I alrealdy have two =
drafts about=20
  MPLS VPNs architecture:</FONT></FONT><FONT =
face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT=20
  size=3D-1></FONT></FONT>=20
  <P><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT=20
  size=3D-1><B>draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt</B> and=20
  <B>draft-heinanen-mpls-vpn-01.txt</B>.</FONT></FONT><FONT=20
  face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1></FONT></FONT>=20
  <P><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1>Which one is =
preferred? Is one=20
  better than the other or they are just differents?</FONT></FONT> =
<BR><FONT=20
  face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1>Are there anymore drafts about =
MPLS=20
  VPNs?</FONT></FONT><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT =
size=3D-1></FONT></FONT>=20
  <P><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1>Thanks a =
lot.</FONT></FONT><FONT=20
  face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1></FONT></FONT>=20
  <P><FONT face=3DArial,Helvetica><FONT size=3D-1>Diego =
Otero.</FONT></FONT>=20
</P></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

------_=_NextPart_001_01BFB075.DAB41D44--


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Thu Apr 27 21:33:47 2000
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From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co>
To: "'dallan@nortelnetworks.com'" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "mpls@UU.NET" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00
Date: Thu, 27 Apr 2000 21:32:31 -0400
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David,

Thanks for the comments. Please see the responses below.

-Vishal

On Monday, April 24, 2000 3:53 PM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com] wrote:

> 	I think the objectives of the framework needs a few tweaks:
> 
> 	Goals:
> 		
> 		Goal 'VII' probably should read, "the recovery actions of
> lower layers".

No, not really.  It isn't always clear what "lower layer" is in the MPLS context. 
For instance, could MPLS-based recovery take advantage of something in the 
IP layer, say  the Fast Link Liveness Protocol for fast failure detection. Supposedly,
and that is not a lower layer recovery mechanism. So we don't wish to confine
things to the "lower layers" alone.

> 
> 		Goal 'X' really appears to be a subset of goal 'XII'. The
> latency discussed in 'X' is only a subnet of the overall constraints and
> performance characteristics 
> 		outlined in 'XII'. Suggest deleting 'X'.

I think you have a point here. We'll need to make this modification.

> 		An implied goal is that MPLS based protection of traffic
> should minimize the number of single points of failure in the MPLS protected
> domain. It should be 
> 		explicitly brought out.

I guess minimizing single points of failure is the goal of protection in general.
Whether that should be an explicitly stated goal of MPLS-based protection,
I am not so sure about. I'll defer to my co-authors or others on the list for
viewpoints?

> 		Sometimes but not always, true "black box" behavior of MPLS
> protection will be required. The egress point of a protected  LSP tunnel may
> need to be pinned 
> 		to a specific LSR.  For some traffic types this requirement
> can be relaxed.

Sure. As I mentioned in some earlier emails, I think both black-box and 
more explicit protection behavior is covered by the framework doc.

> 
> 	In 2.1.2 I'd like to suggest that a protection path may be
> "pre-established", or "pre-qualified". If protection switch merely means a
> PSL receiving notification of a failure on a specific LSP and switching
> traffic to a different LSP which also ultimately gets the packets to the
> same place, I really don't care how the alternate LSP came into being.
> "pre-established" suggests that it was specifically created for the purpose
> and that may not be the case.
> 

Ok, I think that's a good suggestion. We should probably incorporate that
in the text. (In any case, this will make the issue of having different egress
LSRs for the working and protection LSPs also make more sense.)


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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Multiprotocol Label Switching Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: MPLS Loop Prevention Mechanism
	Author(s)	: Y. Ohba, Y. Katsube,  E. Rosen, P. Doolan
	Filename	: draft-ietf-mpls-loop-prevention-03.txt
	Pages		: 40
	Date		: 27-Apr-00
	
This paper presents a  simple mechanism,  based on 'threads',  which
can  be  used to prevent MPLS  from  setting up  label switched path
(LSPs) which have loops.  The mechanism is compatible with, but does
not require,  VC merge.  The mechanism  can be  used with either the
ordered  downstream-on-demand    allocation  or  ordered  downstream
allocation.   The amount of  information  that must  be passed in  a
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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 28 07:46:50 2000
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Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2000 07:41:02 -0400
From: "Philip Matthews" <philipma@nortelnetworks.com>
Organization: Nortel Networks
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To: Irwin Lazar <ILazar@tbg.com>
CC: "'Juan Diego Otero'" <jote4102@alu-etsetb.upc.es>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: MPLS based VPNs
References: <0C875DC28791D21192CD00104B95BFE76F6273@bgslc02.tbg.com>
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Another proposal is:

   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ouldbrahim-vpn-vr-00.txt

A WG to work on VPN standards has been proposed,
and a BOF will be held in Pittsburgh.
The proposed WG will standardize a number of proposals,
rather than trying to pick just one.

- Philip


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 28 09:11:49 2000
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MPLS World Congress 2001
A Call for Papers for the very first MPLS event is online at:
http://www.upperside.fr/bamplsworld.htm
The abstracts will be reviewed by the scientific committee.


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is </FONT><FONT color=3D#000000 size=3D2>online at:</FONT></DIV>
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From: "David Allan" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co, Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00
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Vishal

Feedback recurses....

	<snip>
> > 		Goal 'VII' probably should read, "the recovery actions of
> > lower layers".
> 
> No, not really.  It isn't always clear what "lower layer" is in the MPLS
> context. 
> For instance, could MPLS-based recovery take advantage of something in the
> 
> IP layer, say  the Fast Link Liveness Protocol for fast failure detection.
> Supposedly,
> and that is not a lower layer recovery mechanism. So we don't wish to
> confine
> things to the "lower layers" alone.
> 
This is where I would have a problem and this relates to if MPLS is a layer
in it's own right or if it is purely an IP helper. If it is the latter, then
the WG should be renamed. This is also a clear mismatch with the OXC stuff
as there is just about guaranteed to be no visibility of livliess stuff with
the exception of possibly letting the control trail "proxy" OAM for the
lambda path. e.g. there may not be a router at either end of the lambdaSP
and the intermediate nodes cannot "see" anything. 

> > 
> > 		Goal 'X' really appears to be a subset of goal 'XII'. The
> > latency discussed in 'X' is only a subnet of the overall constraints and
> > performance characteristics 
> > 		outlined in 'XII'. Suggest deleting 'X'.
> 
> I think you have a point here. We'll need to make this modification.
> 
Thanks.

> > 		An implied goal is that MPLS based protection of traffic
> > should minimize the number of single points of failure in the MPLS
> protected
> > domain. It should be 
> > 		explicitly brought out.
> 
> I guess minimizing single points of failure is the goal of protection in
> general.
> Whether that should be an explicitly stated goal of MPLS-based protection,
> I am not so sure about. I'll defer to my co-authors or others on the list
> for
> viewpoints?
> 
I'm interested in seeing it brought out as it produces absolute requirements
for the routing of the working and protection paths than the more motherhood
"maximize network reliability and availability".

> > 		Sometimes but not always, true "black box" behavior of MPLS
> > protection will be required. The egress point of a protected  LSP tunnel
> may
> > need to be pinned 
> > 		to a specific LSR.  For some traffic types this requirement
> > can be relaxed.
> 
> Sure. As I mentioned in some earlier emails, I think both black-box and 
> more explicit protection behavior is covered by the framework doc.
> 
I know we agree, putting it in the I-D and having it survive guarantees
consensus of the group.

> > 
> > 	In 2.1.2 I'd like to suggest that a protection path may be
> > "pre-established", or "pre-qualified". If protection switch merely means
> a
> > PSL receiving notification of a failure on a specific LSP and switching
> > traffic to a different LSP which also ultimately gets the packets to the
> > same place, I really don't care how the alternate LSP came into being.
> > "pre-established" suggests that it was specifically created for the
> purpose
> > and that may not be the case.
> > 
> 
> Ok, I think that's a good suggestion. We should probably incorporate that
> in the text. (In any case, this will make the issue of having different
> egress
> LSRs for the working and protection LSPs also make more sense.)
> 
Great!
Dave

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<TITLE>RE: Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00</TITLE>
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<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Vishal</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Feedback =
recurses....</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&lt;snip&gt;</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Goal 'VII' probably should =
read, &quot;the recovery actions of</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; lower layers&quot;.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">No, not really.&nbsp; It isn't always =
clear what &quot;lower layer&quot; is in the MPLS context. </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">For instance, could MPLS-based =
recovery take advantage of something in the </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">IP layer, say&nbsp; the Fast Link =
Liveness Protocol for fast failure detection. Supposedly,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">and that is not a lower layer =
recovery mechanism. So we don't wish to confine</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">things to the &quot;lower =
layers&quot; alone.</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">This is where I =
would have a problem and this relates to if MPLS is a layer in it's own =
right or if it is purely an IP helper. If it is the latter, then the WG =
should be renamed. This is also a clear mismatch with the OXC stuff as =
there is just about guaranteed to be no visibility of livliess stuff =
with the exception of possibly letting the control trail =
&quot;proxy&quot; OAM for the lambda path. e.g. there may not be a =
router at either end of the lambdaSP and the intermediate nodes cannot =
&quot;see&quot; anything. </FONT></P>
<UL>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Goal 'X' really appears to =
be a subset of goal 'XII'. The</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; latency discussed in 'X' is only =
a subnet of the overall constraints and</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; performance characteristics =
</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; outlined in 'XII'. Suggest =
deleting 'X'.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I think you have a point here. We'll =
need to make this modification.</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Thanks.</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; An implied goal is that MPLS =
based protection of traffic</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; should minimize the number of =
single points of failure in the MPLS protected</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; domain. It should be </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; explicitly brought =
out.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I guess minimizing single points of =
failure is the goal of protection in general.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Whether that should be an explicitly =
stated goal of MPLS-based protection,</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I am not so sure about. I'll defer to =
my co-authors or others on the list for</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">viewpoints?</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I'm interested in =
seeing it brought out as it produces absolute requirements for the =
routing of the working and protection paths than the more motherhood =
&quot;maximize network reliability and availability&quot;.</FONT></P>
<UL>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sometimes but not always, =
true &quot;black box&quot; behavior of MPLS</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; protection will be required. The =
egress point of a protected&nbsp; LSP tunnel may</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; need to be pinned </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; to a specific LSR.&nbsp; For =
some traffic types this requirement</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; can be relaxed.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Sure. As I mentioned in some earlier =
emails, I think both black-box and </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">more explicit protection behavior is =
covered by the framework doc.</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I know we agree, =
putting it in the I-D and having it survive guarantees consensus of the =
group.</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; =
In 2.1.2 I'd like to suggest that a protection path may be</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &quot;pre-established&quot;, or =
&quot;pre-qualified&quot;. If protection switch merely means a</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; PSL receiving notification of a =
failure on a specific LSP and switching</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; traffic to a different LSP which =
also ultimately gets the packets to the</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; same place, I really don't care =
how the alternate LSP came into being.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; &quot;pre-established&quot; =
suggests that it was specifically created for the purpose</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; and that may not be the =
case.</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">&gt; </FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Ok, I think that's a good suggestion. =
We should probably incorporate that</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">in the text. (In any case, this will =
make the issue of having different egress</FONT>
<BR><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">LSRs for the working and protection =
LSPs also make more sense.)</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Great!</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>

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From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 28 12:00:40 2000
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From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co>
To: "'dallan@nortelnetworks.com'" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co>,
        "Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "mpls@UU.NET" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00
Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2000 12:00:31 -0400
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Dave,

Thanks for the comments. Read on ...

On Friday, April 28, 2000 10:54 AM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com] 
wrote:
>
> Vishal
>
> Feedback recurses....
>
> 	<snip>
> > > 		Goal 'VII' probably should read, "the recovery actions of
> > > lower layers".
> >
> > No, not really.  It isn't always clear what "lower layer" is in the MPLS
> > context.
> > For instance, could MPLS-based recovery take advantage of something in the
> >
> > IP layer, say  the Fast Link Liveness Protocol for fast failure detection.
> > Supposedly,
> > and that is not a lower layer recovery mechanism. So we don't wish to
> > confine
> > things to the "lower layers" alone.
> >
> This is where I would have a problem and this relates to if MPLS is a layer
> in it's own right or if it is purely an IP helper. If it is the latter, then
> the WG should be renamed. This is also a clear mismatch with the OXC stuff
> as there is just about guaranteed to be no visibility of livliess stuff with
> the exception of possibly letting the control trail "proxy" OAM for the
> lambda path. e.g. there may not be a router at either end of the lambdaSP
> and the intermediate nodes cannot "see" anything.

I can see your point. As things currently stand, however, I think it is safe to
say that MPLS is not a layer in its own right. It is clearly tied to IP.
(As for renaming the WG, the Chairs and Area Directors need to handle
that one :-)).
I agree that without OAM, the control trail can, at best, proxy for the
actual lambda path. (BTW, this problem isn't unique to the OXCs alone, in
vanilla MPLS too, we have the problem of detecting liveness and health
of the working LSP --- as you are aware from the emails from Neil and Noel.
In fact, we  have struggled with this issue when writing the mechanism draft
for path protection, and we still are.)
But I am not sure how to solve this problem.

In any case, the issue you point to is a more general one, and not one
that I think can be resolved simply by some rewording in the framework.
I think the framework needs to be generic, at least on this aspect.

<snip>
> > > 		An implied goal is that MPLS based protection of traffic
> > > should minimize the number of single points of failure in the MPLS
> > protected
> > > domain. It should be
> > > 		explicitly brought out.
> >
> > I guess minimizing single points of failure is the goal of protection in
> > general.
> > Whether that should be an explicitly stated goal of MPLS-based protection,
> > I am not so sure about. I'll defer to my co-authors or others on the list
> > for
> > viewpoints?
> >
> I'm interested in seeing it brought out as it produces absolute requirements
> for the routing of the working and protection paths than the more motherhood
> "maximize network reliability and availability".

Ok, I see what you mean. But I'll defer to my co-authors on that.  I guess
it could be put as one of the goals (it is still not a requirement, so that
might be ok.)



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To: Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>
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Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Backend TE Support 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 27 Apr 2000 09:24:25 PDT."
             <4.3.1.2.20000427091355.00b0e910@localhost> 
Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2000 14:10:29 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <4.3.1.2.20000427091355.00b0e910@localhost>, Bora Akyol writes:
> Curtis
> 
> Aren't we generalizing here?
> 
> I am interested in seeing an implementation of a routing protocol that is 
> sensitive to the status of the network instead of being static. Unlike OMP 
> however, I would like to start simple by not creating hot spots first and 
> then build on it.
> 
> I have reviewed the OMP work extensively about one year ago and agree that 
> it has merit, on the other hand it can benefit from theoretical analysis of 
> stability of the filters that are employed on the link utilization instead 
> of defining a set of  filters that work in a simulation environment but may 
> not work for all networks under all conditions. (I think such an analysis 
> would make an excellent thesis topic by the way)
> 
> I think that the SIGCOMM 89 paper by Zhinky and Khanna is a good starting 
> point on applying control theory concepts and methods to analyzing a 
> dynamic metric, and should be reviewed by all that are interested in 
> dynamic network-sensitive routing in the Internet.
> 
> The fact that Don et al. had started work on a set of metrics that can be 
> flooded as part of the LSPs means that I can use their mechanisms to 
> implement my simple load-sensitive routing protocol.
> 
> So I don't see any point on not supporting flooding of four (essentially) 
> opaque metrics. OMP surely can use them too , right?
> 
> Anyway, as I said before, I think that there is a lot of work to be done in 
> the area of traffic engineering that does and does not use MPLS. I think 
> the WG needs to be supportive of such developments. (Of course according to 
> the charter of the WG, if these topics are not included, we should take 
> them elsewhere)
> 
> Regards
> 
> Bora


Bora,

As I said, I don't want to be an obstructuionist.

Best of Luck.  If your experiments work we'll strive to interoperate.

As far as IETF procedures goes, I'd favor experimental for anything
that is not fully defined.

Curtis


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From: "David Allan" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>
To: Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co, Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00
Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2000 13:25:09 -0500
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Vishal:

re: "lower" vs. "other" layers

	The issue to me is the wording. There are two thoughts we seem to be
discussing:

	1) Not taking premature recovery action in the presence of lower
layer restoration mechanisms.

	2) Considering all sources of knowledge of failure (including layer
violations).

	I'm talking about the first, when I say "lower", the second is where
you mean "other" and where we agree problems reside.

	I think the first may be a bigger problem area than we think.
Because MPLS is defined over multiple media, presumably an LSP can span
multiple media, and therefore WHERE a defect occurs matters as far as how
fast we can take corrective action.

re: minimizing single point of failure

	Deferring to co-authors is fine with me.

cheers
Dave


------_=_NextPart_001_01BFB13F.1844E9EE
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charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META NAME=3D"Generator" CONTENT=3D"MS Exchange Server version =
5.5.2651.65">
<TITLE>RE: Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Vishal:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">re: =
&quot;lower&quot; vs. &quot;other&quot; layers</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">The issue to me is =
the wording. There are two thoughts we seem to be discussing:</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">1) Not taking =
premature recovery action in the presence of lower layer restoration =
mechanisms.</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">2) Considering all =
sources of knowledge of failure (including layer violations).</FONT>
</P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I'm talking about =
the first, when I say &quot;lower&quot;, the second is where you mean =
&quot;other&quot; and where we agree problems reside.</FONT></P>

<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">I think the first =
may be a bigger problem area than we think. Because MPLS is defined =
over multiple media, presumably an LSP can span multiple media, and =
therefore WHERE a defect occurs matters as far as how fast we can take =
corrective action.</FONT></P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">re: minimizing =
single point of failure</FONT>
</P>
<UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Deferring to =
co-authors is fine with me.</FONT>
</P>
</UL>
<P><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">cheers</FONT>
<BR><FONT COLOR=3D"#0000FF" SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Dave</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
------_=_NextPart_001_01BFB13F.1844E9EE--


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 28 14:42:39 2000
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To: jleu@mindspring.com
cc: curtis@avici.com, Jeremy Lawrence <jlawrenc@cisco.com>,
        Jim Sullivan <jsullivan@quarrytech.com>, Bora Akyol <akyol@pluris.com>,
        "mpls@uu.net" <mpls@UU.NET>
Reply-To: curtis@avici.com
Subject: Re: Finding the Egress Point in the MPSL Domain for the specific Destination 
In-reply-to: Your message of "Thu, 27 Apr 2000 12:06:33 CDT."
             <20000427120633.D2129@doit.wisc.edu> 
Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2000 14:40:01 -0400
From: Curtis Villamizar <curtis@avici.com>
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In message <20000427120633.D2129@doit.wisc.edu>, "James R. Leu" writes:
> On Thu, Apr 27, 2000 at 11:28:05AM -0400, Curtis Villamizar wrote:
> > 
> > In message <20000427101728.C2129@doit.wisc.edu>, "James R. Leu" writes:
> > > 
> > > I had a design built around an ATM network that did just this.  A real
> > > plus to this idea is if the tunnels to the others EBGP speakers were
> > > created dynamically as soon at they were learned. (ie each time a new
> > > BGP next hop is learned a tunnel is created to that BGP next hop)
> > > 
> > > Is this a new idea or is this the same idea as BGP short cuts?
> > 
> > 
> > James,
> > 
> > In implementations that I am aware of, the tunnel goes to the peer and
> > is intended to be configured according to a historic bandwidth
> > statistic, typically 95 percentile originally suggested by Awduche.
> > There seems to be some interest in using CR with the greater of a
> > configured value and a measured value (filtered, of course), but I
> > have not seem strong interest in using a measured value only and
> > automatically setting up LSPs to either IBGP peers or as new IBGP next
> > hops are learned (though I personally like the idea a lot, but more
> > likely using IBGP peers rather than learned next hops).
> 
> The reason for using the BGP next hop is to solve the case when you use a
> route reflector.  In which case each IBGP speaker only has one peer, but
> many BGP next hops.

To further clarify current practice as described by ISPs using
MPLS-TE, the LSP generally terminates at the router ID and the next
hop is associated with the LSP for the router ID of the LSR adjacent
in the IGP to the next hop (and closest in TE terms, which is again
advertised by the IGP).  The next hop is preserved across route
reflectors and confederations and the IGP is also unaffected.

Curtis


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 28 16:07:52 2000
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From: Bryan Gleeson <BGleeson@shastanets.com>
To: "'Philip Matthews'" <philipma@nortelnetworks.com>,
        Irwin Lazar
	 <ILazar@tbg.com>
Cc: "'Juan Diego Otero'" <jote4102@alu-etsetb.upc.es>, mpls@UU.NET
Subject: RE: MPLS based VPNs
Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2000 13:06:03 -0700
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Diego,

also have a look at rfc2764. this isn't focussed on 
mpls vpns per se, but shows how mpls, which in the 
context of vpns can be viewed primarily as a qos 
capable tunneling mechanism, can be used with 
different models of vpns.

Bryan

-----Original Message-----
From: Philip Matthews [mailto:philipma@nortelnetworks.com]
Sent: Friday, April 28, 2000 4:41 AM
To: Irwin Lazar
Cc: 'Juan Diego Otero'; mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: MPLS based VPNs


Another proposal is:

   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ouldbrahim-vpn-vr-00.txt

A WG to work on VPN standards has been proposed,
and a BOF will be held in Pittsburgh.
The proposed WG will standardize a number of proposals,
rather than trying to pick just one.

- Philip


From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 28 16:29:48 2000
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To: mpls@UU.NET, ip-optical@lists.research.bell-labs.com
Subject: Interaction between MPLS and optical switching
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Dear Sirs,

[I'm a newbie to the MPLS and optical switching fields so please
excuse any blatant misconceptions that I'm sure have sliped in :). 
Corrections are highly appreciated.]

While starting to catch up with relevant documents, if I understand
correctly:   
	-The main advantage of using MPLS over existing IP 
classifcation/forwarding technologies is that MPLS allows explicit
non-shortest path routing (i.e. traffic engineering).
	-The optical switching architecture is designed to work as an
overlay model w/ `classic` IP technologies.

In this case  doesn't the ability to use the underlying (optical
routing mechanisms) be a work around the traditional shortest-path
based IP routing mechanisms thus aleviating the need for MPLS (i.e. in 
the same way ATM VCs are used nowdays) ?


Can someone point me to some relevant documents that put the two
technologies in perspective ? I'm very intrested in any work
pertaining to MPLS-enabled networks on a optically switched
infrastructure. 

Many, many thanks

Florian-Daniel Otel



From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 28 16:30:10 2000
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To: Juan Diego Otero <jote4102@alu-etsetb.upc.es>
CC: mpls@UU.NET
Subject: Re: MPLS based VPNs
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Have a look at:

http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2547.txt
                BGP/MPLS VPNs


JRSTUART



Juan Diego Otero wrote:

> Hi,
>
> My name is Diego Otero and I would like to know where I can find
> documents related to different ways to build MPLS VPNs.
>
> I alrealdy have two drafts about MPLS VPNs architecture:
>
> draft-jamieson-mpls-vpn-00.txt and draft-heinanen-mpls-vpn-01.txt.
>
> Which one is preferred? Is one better than the other or they are just
> differents?
> Are there anymore drafts about MPLS VPNs?
>
> Thanks a lot.
>
> Diego Otero.

--
Jesus Rodriguez Stuart

Jefe Desarrollo de Soluciones
Telefonica del Peru
Comunicaciones de Empresa
jrstuart@telefonica.com.pe

Tfno: 210-4835
Fax : 422-0591




From owner-mpls@UU.NET  Fri Apr 28 17:35:57 2000
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Message-ID: <01BFB138.762BCC50.Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
From: Vishal Sharma <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
Reply-To: "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.com>
To: "'dallan@nortelnetworks.com'" <dallan@nortelnetworks.com>,
        "Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co" <Vishal.Sharma@tellabs.co>,
        "Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com" <Srinivas.Makam@tellabs.com>,
        "mpls@UU.NET" <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-makam-mpls-recovery-frmwrk-00
Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2000 17:37:43 -0400
Organization: Tellabs Research Center
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Dave,

On Friday, April 28, 2000 2:25 PM, dallan@nortelnetworks.com [SMTP:dallan@nortelnetworks.com] 
wrote:

> re: "lower" vs. "other" layers
>
> 	The issue to me is the wording. There are two thoughts we seem to be
> discussing:
>
> 	1) Not taking premature recovery action in the presence of lower
> layer restoration mechanisms.
>
> 	2) Considering all sources of knowledge of failure (including layer
> violations).

You've hit the nail on the head!

> 	I'm talking about the first, when I say "lower", the second is where
> you mean "other" and where we agree problems reside.

Yes, you've put it quite succinctly.

> 	I think the first may be a bigger problem area than we think.
> Because MPLS is defined over multiple media, presumably an LSP can span
> multiple media, and therefore WHERE a defect occurs matters as far as how
> fast we can take corrective action.
>

Ok, if I read you right, what you'd like to do is to have the framework acknowledge both 1 and 2 
above,
and perhaps mention them separately. (Realizing of course that there are still issues
with 2), greater than those that there might be with 1). I think doing this would make
things clearer, while at the same time leaving room for different implementations.

-Vishal


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Message-ID: <390A40DA.8AC4E63C@dca.fee.unicamp.br>
Date: Fri, 28 Apr 2000 22:54:34 -0300
From: Tulius Lima <tulius@dca.fee.unicamp.br>
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To: MPLS list <mpls@UU.NET>
Subject: info on MATE (MPLS Adaptive Traffic Engineering)
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Hello,


        I am new to this list and I would like to know more about MATE
(MPLS Adaptive Traffic Engineering).
        Is there anyone working on MATE these days?
        I also would like to know what would be a good approuch to
create simulations with this algorithm.


        Thanks in Advance!
        Tulius Lima




