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From: Julien Charbon <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo@nal.motlabs.com
Cc: Pascal Thubert <pthubert@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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Date: Thu, 1 May 2003 18:05:05 +0900
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  Hi Pascal, Hi all,

  first, excuse me for my second mail [1]. You can put in your
trash. I'm so sorry.

On Fri, 25 Apr 2003 17:00:11 +0100
"Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com> wrote:

> I like your work very much. Very useful and constructive :) I hope
> we keep your pictures in the final taxonomy.

  Thanks you. I will try to continue as well.

> A general remark, the fact that the multiple careofs are one the
> same interface or on different interfaces does not strike me as
> relevant.  There must be a way for the MR to sort out the available
> careOfs and use the best one(s). The interface that provides a
> careOf is relevant in that selection. But the protocol to the Home
> Agent is not impacted, is it?

  Well, It depends if you have just one bi-directionnal tunnel between
one HA and one MR or several. But the Nemo-Requirement says :

   R02: The solution MUST set up a bi-directional tunnel between
        MR and MR's Home Agent.  ^

   R03: All traffic exchanged between a MNN and a CN in the global
        Internet MUST transit through the bidirectional tunnel.
                                      ^^^

  And so just ONE tunnel. Maybe this case will never be a part of Nemo
Basic Support. Conclusion: You are right.

  But Thierry said me the case with several tunnels is not exclude in
Nemo Basic Support, and that could exist a kind of modularity to
manage this case.

> >   So for the Tarzan you can have:
> >
> >    - One multi-addressed MR.
> >
> >                AR2 [P2]
> >     _           _   _____
> >    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
> >     _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |-|        _
> >    |_|-|     |-|_|-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
> >                            |-|_|-|
> >                                  |
> >                AR1 [P1]
> >
> >    MNNs   MR        Internet  AR    HA
> >
> >
> >    - One "Multi-egress-interfaced" MR.
> >                     _____
> >     _           _  |     |
> >    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
> >     _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
> >    |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
> >                                  |
> >
> >    MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> >
> >
> >   - Two MR in multi-site case.
> >
> >           P
> >          --->
> >           _         _____
> >     _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |
> >    |_|-|     |-|_|-|     |-|        _
> >     _  |     |     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
> >    |_|-|  _  |             |-|_|-|
> >        |-|_|-|                   |
> >
> >          --->
> >           P
> >
> >    MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
>
> Yes, they are all Tarzan. The most typical in my mind is:
> Note that the [=] sign is extended to mean 'may or may not be the same
> interface'
>
>                 AR2 [P2]
>      _           _   _____
>     |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
>      _  |-|_|=   _  |     |-|        _
>     |_|-|     |-|_|-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>                             |-|_|-|
>                                   |
>                 AR1 [P1]
>
>     MNNs   MR        Internet  AR    HA
>

  I see. Now this part is clear for me.


  In the same way and to clean my Shinkansen & DoubleBed graphicals:

    - In the previous graphicals and in my mind it was:

        P1
       --->

      The Mobile Network Prefix which is in Prefix Binding
      Update. [Too complex to understand in my graphics]

    - Now it is:

        P1
      <---

      The Mobile Network Prefix announced in the Mobile Network by the
      Mobile Router.

    - The term Egress Router not exist in Nemo-Terminology. Mobile
      Router is enough:

        The MR has one or more egress interface(s) and one or more
        ingress interface(s).

  And so:

  o Shinkansen:

    [Single Mobile Network Prefix announced by Mobile Routers in the
     Mobile Network]

   Example with two Egress Routers.

          P
        <----

         MR2
          _  |
    _  |-|_|-|  _____
   |_|-|     |-|     |
    _  |       |     |-|        _
   |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
       |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
             |               |
   MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA

        <----
          P

  o DoubleBed:

    [Multiple Mobile Network Prefix announced by Mobile Router in
     the Mobile Network]

   Example with two Egress Routers.

          P2
        <----

         MR2
          _  |
    _  |-|_|-|  _____
   |_|-|     |-|     |
    _  |       |     |-|        _
   |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
       |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
             |               |
   MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA

        <----
          P1

   Example with one Egress Router. [Rarely used but... It exists]


          P2        _____
    _   <---    _  |     |
   |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
    _  |-|_|-|     |_____|-|        _
   |_|-|     |             |  _  |-|_|
        <---               |-|_|-|
          P1                     |


   MNNs  MR    AR  Internet  AR     HA2

 [This example is maybe not a good one because the MR have two
  Ingress Addresses and so the Nemo protocol must deal with]
 [Maybe too particular]

> >    In all this examples the HA will have two CoAs for the
> > same prefix in one HA. According with your definition they
> > are Tarzan cases.
>
> Shinkansen and doubleBed are Tarzans by definition.

  Aarrgh ! My comprehension ! Example :

  [HAx is the Home Agent for the MRx Mobile Router]

          P              AR    HA1
        <---
         MR1              _  |
          _  |         |-|_|-|  _
    _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_|
   |_|-|     |-|     |-|
    _  |       |     |
   |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
       |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_|
             |         |-|_|-|
                             |
   MNNs  MR2   Internet
        <---
          P              AR     HA2


  This case is Shinkansen:
  [The same Mobile Network Prefix is advertise to the MNNs]

  But a JetSet case too: [Not a Tarzan case]
  [Multiple HAs for CoAs of a same Mobile Network Prefix]

  But it is just a detail.

> > > Any IPv6 node may build multiple global addresses. Long as we do
> > > not register several CareOfs at the same time, it's not a Nemo
> > > issue, it's a standard feature.
> >
> >  I just add a remark :
> >
> >     - Example with one MR multi-addressed.
> >
> >                AR2 [P2]
> >     _           _   _____
> >    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
> >     _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |-|        _
> >    |_|-|     |-|_|-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
> >                            |-|_|-|
> >                                  |
> >                AR1 [P1]
> >
> >    MNNs   MR        Internet  AR    HA
> >
> >   P1/P2: Differents IPv6 /64 Prefix.
> >
> >   And of course Ingress Filtering is made on AR1 and AR2.
> >
> >   So the MR may have this two IPv6 global address :
> >
> >    P2:EUI-64-MR and P1:EUI-64-MR
> >
> >   If the bi-directional tunnel between the MR and the HA pass
> > through AR2 and if AR2 is destroyed by Tarzan anger [the real
> > one] and so its reachability to the Internet lost, how the
> > NEMO mechanism should deal with this case ?
> >   So I think Multi-Addressed Multi-Homing is an important
> > case in NEMO, not just a standard fearture. [But maybe I'm
> > wrong]. Also maybe it will be resolve by the same mechanism
> > in NEMO, so I put it with the Multi-Interfaced case.
>
> Reread me well: I meant that if you register only one CareOf at a given
> point of time, it is a standard MIP flows.
> If a MIP MN sees 2 ARs on a link, it can build 2 careOfs, but can only
> bind the primary. If the primary careOf fails to bind, or times out
> rebinding, a standard MIP MN should go try the next available careOf.
> That process is not necessarily described in MIPv6, but should it?

  With this explanation, is clear for me now [again]. And effectively
is a standard issue for an Ipv6 Mobile Node. [In my mind it was for
all Ipv6 Node].

> Now, if you have 2 concurent tunnels, it is a whole new problem, to be
> designed :) . The HA may try to load balance over the 2 tunnels, and if
> one dies, we must make sure the HA knows quite fast. For instance by
> encapsulating over TCP or SCTP.
> Anyway, it's one of the good problems to resolve if we want multiple
> careOfs.

  Yes. Now the fact is to know if it is a required feature in Nemo
Basic Support or is for Nemo Next Generation.

<nemo-multi-homing>

  But I think the management of Multiple CoAs per Network Prefix may
provide to Nemo some interesting Multi-Homing benefits like :

  o Fault-Tolerance/Redundancy.
  o Load-Sharing.
  o Policy Management.

  And it is possible to deploy because [in Nemo Basic Support] all
traffic past in tunnel(s) between HA(s) and MR(s) and so the traffic
in this tunnel can be policed as you wish. [You don't touch at
Correspondant Node Mobile Ipv6 Stack].

  In Mobile Ipv6 is harder to realize/deploy.

  But I don't forget the Pandora's box style of Multi-Homing.

</nemo-multi-homing>

> Multihoming is not trivial, we'll have to decide whether to amend the
> requirements draft for basic about that.

  So Nemo Basic Support can support only the Redundancy Multi-Homing
benefit; or more benefits [Load-Sharing, Policy] and become more
complex. [Too complex for a Basic Support ?]

  Maybe the design team have a begin of answer.

> > > Comments anyone?
> >
> >   I think you have found the good discrimants to classify the
> > Multi-Homing in NEMO. So I have just read the Chan Wah Ng's
> > mail [2], and just by taking again his classification and ours :
> >
> >  And I obtain (w, x, y) :
> >
> >   with
> >
> >   w: 0: A Mobile Router have more than one Global IPv6 Address.
> >         OR a Mobile Router have more than one Interface.
> >      1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.
> >
> I expect that in any case you imply that multiple CareOfs are registered
> in parallel, right?

  Yes, I think you are right [again]. Now I understand your
proposition with "only" four classes of problem.

> >   x: 0: There is single HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
> >      1: There is muliple HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
> >
>
> I meant mobile prefixes, no the prefix that the careOf is built upon.
> I'm sure you mean that too?

  Yes, I rewrite sharper:

   x: 0: There is single HA for CoAs of a same Mobile Network Prefix.
      1: There are muliple HA for CoAs of a same Mobile Network Prefix.

> >   y: 0: A single Prefix is announced by Egress Router(s).
> >      1: Muliple Prefix are announced by Egress Router(s).
>
> I meant present on INGRESS; see the discussion with Hesham; is this a
> typo or is there a misunderstanding between us?

  Yes, this definition provide misunderstanding, I rewrite :

  y: 0: A single Mobile Network Prefix is announced by Mobile Router(s).
     1: Muliple Mobile Network Prefix are announced by Mobile Router(s).

  or the Chan Wah Ng's one is better [more general]:

  y: 0: A single prefix is advertise to the MNNs
     1: More than one prefices is advertised to the MNNs

  or maybe your definition is more understandable and the good one:

  y: 0: Same Mobile Network Prefix for Mobile Router of the same link.
     1: Differents Mobile Network Prefix for Mobile Router of the same link.

  or I really misunderstand. [It is an another possibility]

  So an interresting case to clear this point :

     _     p1 MR1                   AR1   HA1
    |_|-| <--_     ISP1 ________
     _  |---|_|--------|        | |        _
    |_|-|              |        |-|  _  |-|_|
         \ <--         |        | |-|_|-|
  Intern  \_ p1        |        |       |
  Router  |_|          |Internet|
          /  p2        |        |
     _   / <--         |        | |        _
    |_|-|    _         |        |-|  _  |-|_|
     _  |---|_|--------|________| |-|_|-|
    |_|-| <--      ISP2         ISP3    |
           p2 MR2
   MNN                              AR2   HA2

  This case is a DoubleBed case because if the ISP1 link fail the
problem is:

  How past the p1 prefix's packets through the MR2_HA2 tunnel then
through the AR2 link with the Cerberus Ingress Filtering made by ISP3.

  [An example of solution is in [2] [Section 3.2.2., Using Alternate
Mobile Router]]

  So my preferred definition is the Chan Wah Ng's one:

  y: 0: A single prefix is advertise to the MNNs
     1: More than one prefices is advertised to the MNNs

> I do agree with your vision. My view is a summarization to focus on
> where the problems are in my own view. We may start your standpoint and
> see what are the meaningful case between the 8 combinations. For
> instance (0,0,1) is a trivial extension of (0,0,0).

  I think you want to write :

  "For instance (1,0,0) is a trivial extension of (0,0,0)"

> Like this, we'll find my 4 problems, and other if I missed some? Do
> you want to pursue that way?  Pascal

  So, is it enough ?

  [Two days of reflection later...]

   So the main goal of a taxonomy is to define a class of problem,
name it, and permit to say after: The solution for the problem
<name-of-problem> is ...

  With this four classes can we say the solution for the Tarzan
problem is ... ? Difficult because - for example - this two cases need
differents solutions:

    - One "Multi-egress-interfaced" MR.

           P         _____
     _    <--    _  |     |
    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
     _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
    |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
                                  |

    MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA


   - Two MR in multi-site case.

            P
          <---
           _         _____
     _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |
    |_|-|     |-|_|-|     |-|        _
     _  |     |     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
    |_|-|  _  |             |-|_|-|
        |-|_|-|                   |

          <---
            P

    MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA

  And this two examples are Shinkansen too. So it is why [maybe] an
another level [w] would be appreciable. What is your position on this
specific example ?

  Well, I think you provide elsewhere the good taxonomy. Thanks you
for your judicious and constructives remarks.


                                            -- Julien


[1] http://www.nal.motlabs.com/pipermail/nemo/2003-April/000567.html
[2] http://www.psl.com.sg/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-00.txt


From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Thu May  1 05:00:18 2003
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Julien Charbon <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, nemo@nal.motlabs.com,
        pthubert@cisco.com
Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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Guys, just a clarification note.

>    R02: The solution MUST set up a bi-directional tunnel between
>         MR and MR's Home Agent.  ^
> 
>    R03: All traffic exchanged between a MNN and a CN in the global
>         Internet MUST transit through the bidirectional tunnel.
>                                       ^^^
> 
>   And so just ONE tunnel. Maybe this case will never be a part of Nemo
> Basic Support. Conclusion: You are right.
> 
>   But Thierry said me the case with several tunnels is not exclude in
> Nemo Basic Support, and that could exist a kind of modularity to
> manage this case.

If R02 was saying there MUST be only one tunnel, it would say it
explictly. Probably something like "The solution MUST set up ONE and
ONLY ONE bi-directional tunnel". But we never came to this conclusion.
The requirement is sufficienly loose so that it cannot be exluded nor
enforced.

Thierry

-- 
Thierry Ernst, WIDE at Keio University, Japan


From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Thu May  1 16:50:08 2003
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Subject: [nemo] Design Team update
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NEMO members,

We would like to update you on the status of the base draft creation. At the
last meeting (IETF56), the working group expressed a consensus to use the
MRTP draft as a starting point, and then edit it to include input and
features from the other candidates. The WG also asked that the existing
draft authors be the members of an editing team (a.k.a. design team).

According to these wishes, the design team has been formed and a mailing
list set up, and the work is underway. The target for a draft is the end of
May, at which time the draft will be shared with the entire WG for review.
With this schedule, we intend to stay on-target for our group milestones,
and we will have material for the IETF57 meeting this summer.

Thanks,

TJ & Thierry



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Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
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> > We did not really omit that case (ain't it JetSet, see below:). The 
> > note you attach was about static routes. The topic there 
> was whether 
> > we wanted to enter the domain of dynamic routes between the 
> HA and the 
> > MR. The discussion was that dynamic routes seem to be quite 
> inevitable 
> > if you want some forms of multihoming; as a result multihoming => 
> > complex basic spec, slow to mature.
> 
> I completely fail to understand how you come to this 
> conclusion. The basic spec would say how to establish the 
> HA-MR tunnels and can be utterly silent on the fact that 
> existing routing protocols can run over these tunnels. Some 
> people call this modularity.
> 

Well... the req draft still includes multihoming, that's the problem.
And we've been discussing whether multihoming made sense without dynamic
routes, which is a name for the dynamic update by the MR to the HA about
its prefixes. Seems multihoming will require dynamic routes (see my 1st
mail on 4/23 on this thread). Now we are working on a taxonomy of
multihoming cases. Actually I'm more interested in a taxonomy of the
problems than of the cases. Chan Wah and Julien have been helping a lot
clearing up the issue.

> > If the HAs were coordinated by the local (legacy) IGP:
> > 
> > A) Frequent movement of many routers may disrupt the 
> workings of the 
> > IGP in the HA AS
> 
> Unless you have a very different model than I have this isn't 
> true. The HA<->MR tunnel getting a different CoA would not be 
> visible to the routing protocol at all.
> 

Right. The movement we've been talking was home/leave-home/back-home. An
other case is register, deregister. That's the kind of action that may
cause trouble in the IGP.

Anyway, one thing is a given HA's AS or at least it's area, as you
mention later. A second is a home link. (A third would be a newly
created HA group for HA to HA advertisements). There's often a confusion
between the first 2, even though everybody understands what they are.
The confusion is about the impact of a registration. Everybody agrees
that it should be contained between the HAs and should not impact the
rest of the world. In other words, that the HAs should globally
advertise the aggregation of the mobile networks. 

The impact of the movement I'm talking about can be limited to the HAs
if:
- there's no involvement of the IGP (today this means use ND and static
routes only)
Or if
- the HAs and MR form their own AS (this is the confusion, assuming home
link is AS).

On the other hand, a multicast group of HAs may span over different ASs
and if each member advertises the aggregation we're talking about, the
impact of registrations and movements are contained. I'm talking about
yet an other routing protocol, capable of aggregation, running over
multicast groups that span over AS boundaries. A functional group.

> > C) We'd loose the on-demand flavor of ND (if the 'wrong 
> HA' does not 
> > have a neighbor entry for the MR, it will look it up, and 
> eventually 
> > get an other HA, which is actually a next hop). I like this half 
> > proactive, half reactive behavior when it comes to a high rate of 
> > movemement.
> 
> You seem to have either a conceptual model or an 
> implementation model of how Nemo interacts with IP routing in 
> a HA and I don't understand. IP routing reacts to interface 
> changes and the tunnels are interfaces (conceptually, and 
> they have an ifindex in the MIBs), thus the IGP would take 
> care of the tunnels goming and going. Thus unless I 
> misunderstand what you mean with "on-demand" 
> the on-demand nature seems to be orthogonal with the IGP vs. not-IGP.
> 

Traditional IGPs are all proactive. They assume a quite stable topology
and may not cope with mobile networks so easily, for the reasons
mentioned above. An interface (tunnel) state change causes a
recomputation of everyone's states within an area/AS. 

Say on the other hand that you use something like AODV or DSR over a
multicast group of HAs. When a MR registers a mobile network to a HA,
the information does not have to be proactively flooded. Only if another
HA gets a packet that needs to be forwarded to that mobile network will
it look up a route, on demand. All the HA(s) that got registrations will
source an answer to that flooding. 

If you look at it, when you hardcode static routes to the mobile
networks via the associated MR home addresses, what happens at ND level
on the home link is very much the same. If the wrong HA does not have
the MR in its neighbor cache, it floods a lookup, on demand. This is why
I like very much with that model. Scales well with MNet 'mobility'.



> > D) If there are other routers in the AS then the HAs and 
> ARs then we'd 
> > loose the 'self-contained' aspect as well and propagate the 
> impact of 
> > MR mobility throughout a larger space. Plainly wouldn't scale with 
> > legacy IGPs.
> 
> Nope. See my answer to A).
> 
> > The question of a separate layer 3 protocol between the 
> HAs, was in my 
> > mail (3/16) with my comments on Ryuji's draft. I guess that 
> the idea 
> > of such a protocol is already present in MIP or NSIIM as well?
> 
> MIP has a protocol for coordinating between HAs for different 
> Home Addresses? For the same Home Address? I've never seen 
> such a thing.
> 

I think I've seen a mention to it in the MIP ML. Can't remember when
exactely.

> > "additional work could be required to cover the case of 
> multiple HAs. 
> > In MIPv6, the detection of multiple registration id done by 
> DAD on the 
> > home network. Since there is no home network, the detection 
> of double 
> > registration has to be done at the routing protocol level (When the 
> > same net is registered to a 2nd, different HA, it should 
> reject it if 
> > it got a route from the first HA... Something like that. 
> Note that as 
> > we discussed earlier, the fine grained info should be 
> contained in the 
> > HAs."
> 
> We seem to be talking about different models.
> In my model each MR (or the different interfaces on the 
> single MR) have a different home address, even though there 
> is a single prefix for the mobile network.
> 

Right. This was about Ryuji's model. The Home Address is actually an
address on the Mobile Network. I'm advocating  forone such address per
parallel CareOf as ID.


> The above paragraph as well as A) and D) makes me believe you 
> have a completely different model in mind where the IGP runs 
> without tunnels between MR and HA. Further, in routing 
> protocols there is an issue of who can advertise which 
> routes; this is solved by configuration today even though it 
> is typically done at IGP/EGP boundaries and not inside an 
> IGP. (But the Magma anycast case is one where IGP routers 
> would be configured with which routes to accept from which peer.)
> 
> 

Right again :) What we call dynamic mobile networks is when there's a
form of advertisement by the mobile router to the HA about the mobile
network (as opposed to delegation by HA or static routes in the HA). The
problems you mention will have to the addresses, together with
redistribition if the IGP over the tunnel is not the home net IGP. In
Vijay's model it is. In Ryuji's, the advertisement is the BU itself. But
even that is a simple routing protocol and has to provide a model for
trust and redistribution...


> > In the design list (4/11) I also pointed out that a MANET  type of 
> > protocol could be used for the dynamic solution:
> 
> But that is for the "no tunnels" model, right?

I meant that if the HA to HA is a Manet, maybe the MRs could participate
as well, over their tunnels. As an alternate to Vijay's or Ryuji's
approach. Just to say the problem is not clear cut yet. Which makes
basic a complex thing if we want multihoming, if I'm right that
multihoming requires dynamic networks...

> 
> Once we actually understand the high-level model for 
> IGP+tunnels (what I'm advocating as a way to handle 
> multihoming) there are at least two different ways to do the 
> details: 1. Actually run a routing protocol over the tunnels 
> between MR and HA.
>    This consumes some background traffic (for the hello protocol) but
>    the benefit is that the hello protocol will detect when there is
>    no longer bidirectional connectivity over a tunnel.

This is what I called Vijay's model since he defends draft-kniveton

> 2. Not running a routing protocol over the tunnel but instead have
>    the establishment of the tunnel make the HA inject the 
> route into the IGP.
> 

This is what Vijay and Alex call static routes, though I think it's a
misleading term.

> > You see where this is all leading to:
> 
> No, I don't see because we are making different assumptions 
> and have different models in mind. I don't think we want a 
> different routing protocol for this but instead reuse 
> existing ones. (There is a potential research topic on how to 
> do routing in a network where lots of things move, so here I 
> am limiting my concerns to the IETF more short-term issues.)
> 
> > A) A topology as proposed earlier in the MIP list (was that Greg?) 
> > with no home network.
> 
> I believe the prefix(es) assigned to a mobile network have a 
> home in the sense that they fall within a shorter prefix. And 
> the HoA for each MR's interface may fall in a physical home 
> network or a virtual home network.

I meant as implied by Ryuji, no concept of returning home for a MR. But
yes, the aggregation you mention has to be there, that seems kind of
obvious in the background technology.

> > B) A virtual network that encompasses a group of commonly 
> administered 
> > Mobile Networks.
> 
> On what scope? Isn't this the same as the prefix I refer to above?

Could be a bunch of them

> 
> > C) HAs organised in multicast groups, one per virtual 
> network, many of 
> > them.
> 
> Here is where you are defining a new routing protocol, right?

:)

> 
> > D) A routing protocol, maybe with a MANET origin, between 
> the HAs, one 
> > instance per multicast group
> > E) A registration derived from Ruyji's draft, with maybe a 
> MANET twist 
> > to interoperate with the HA routing protocol
> > F) Still from Ruyji's drafts, one MNET address per careOf, 
> a number of 
> > MNET addresses per MR.
> > G) Potentially a new form of anycast, "anyone in a 
> multicast group", 
> > for DHAAD related stuff.
> 
> For G) I think you are conflating the issues around the HoA 
> for the MRs and the routing advertisement for the mobile 
> network. DHAAD is useful for the former, but the routing 
> stuff could be layered cleanly on top of that.

Yes. I'm not sure I understand what's wrong. I agree it's orthogonal but
still it's needed, right? 

> I don't think we need any of what you are proposing because I 
> think the WG should do the basic tunnels and allow routing to 
> be layered on top of this. That avoids having to re-invent IP 
> routing and potentially do it poorly.
> 

Never argued that against the MRHA tunnel and layering a routing
protocol over it. Do you still think the second sentence  is relevant is
the light of this discussion?


Pascal



From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Sat May  3 03:55:46 2003
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Hi All.

>Basic Network Mobility Support - draft-wakikawa-nemo-basic-00.txt 
>================================================================== 
>The draft was presented by Thierry Ernst as Ryuji Wakikawa could not be present. 
>All technical questions should be directed to Ryuji via email or on the
>mailing list. 

I was really sorry that I could not attend the NEMO meeting. 
I did not reply to the questions which were made at NEMO meeting in SF.
Thanks Thierry for your kindly offer to make presentation instead of me.

>How does this implementation hand more than one prefix for your mobile
>network? 

If MR has multiple prefixes, then MR basically configures multiple
addresses for all prefixes. 
If the prefixes are aggregated to send BU, then MR configures only single address
for aggregated prefix.

For example, if MR has P-1::/64 and P-2::/64.
MR assigns two addresses as MR-A to send two separate BU for P-1 and
P-2.

If MR decide to manage both prefixes equally, it assigns an address
which is P::/63 and sends single BU for P::/63 to HA.


> There appears to be a restriction to using only one prefix. Thus, how
> do you create routes at the home agent for both prefixes? instead of
> having a prefix suboption? 

MR can take care of multiple prefixes. There is no restriction.

> Question - Does one always have to maintain a binding cache entry on
> the home agent, even when you're at home? 

Management of BC is always required at HA, but the optimization such as
not using tunnel is provided. 
See my former mail posted to NEMO ML (4/30, Subject: Multiple Egress vs multihoming)

> There was a comment that deregistration is easy with implementation.
> However it is unclear as to why this would be. 

For example, ND operations. (Stop Proxy NDP, Re-registraion MN's NDP
entry.) I remembered related discussion at MIP6 ML to let draft simple
and easy. MIP6 does not have alternative solution for returning home,
but our draft proposes the solution to provide advantages of returning
home without deregistration procedures.


regards,
ryuji



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
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Hi Julien,

I'll be away from my mail fo 2 weeks. Sorry about that.
> >
> 
>   I see. Now this part is clear for me.
> 
> 
>   In the same way and to clean my Shinkansen & DoubleBed graphicals:
> 
>     - In the previous graphicals and in my mind it was:
> 
>         P1
>        --->
> 
>       The Mobile Network Prefix which is in Prefix Binding
>       Update. [Too complex to understand in my graphics]
> 
>     - Now it is:
> 
>         P1
>       <---
> 
>       The Mobile Network Prefix announced in the Mobile Network by the
>       Mobile Router.
> 

>           P1
> 
>    Example with one Egress Router. [Rarely used but... It exists]
> 
> 
>           P2        _____
>     _   <---    _  |     |
>    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
>     _  |-|_|-|     |_____|-|        _
>    |_|-|     |             |  _  |-|_|
>         <---               |-|_|-|
>           P1                     |
> 
> 
>    MNNs  MR    AR  Internet  AR     HA2
> 
>  [This example is maybe not a good one because the MR have two
>   Ingress Addresses and so the Nemo protocol must deal with]  
> [Maybe too particular]
> 
> > >    In all this examples the HA will have two CoAs for the same 
> > > prefix in one HA. According with your definition they are Tarzan 
> > > cases.
> >
> > Shinkansen and doubleBed are Tarzans by definition.
> 
>   Aarrgh ! My comprehension ! Example :
> 
>   [HAx is the Home Agent for the MRx Mobile Router]
> 
>           P              AR    HA1
>         <---
>          MR1              _  |
>           _  |         |-|_|-|  _
>     _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_|
>    |_|-|     |-|     |-|
>     _  |       |     |
>    |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
>        |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_|
>              |         |-|_|-|
>                              |
>    MNNs  MR2   Internet
>         <---
>           P              AR     HA2
> 
> 
>   This case is Shinkansen:
>   [The same Mobile Network Prefix is advertise to the MNNs]
> 
>   But a JetSet case too: [Not a Tarzan case]
>   [Multiple HAs for CoAs of a same Mobile Network Prefix]
> 
>   But it is just a detail.

You right :)
 
 ....

> 
>   But I think the management of Multiple CoAs per Network 
> Prefix may provide to Nemo some interesting Multi-Homing 
> benefits like :
> 
>   o Fault-Tolerance/Redundancy.
>   o Load-Sharing.
>   o Policy Management.
> 

Absolutely. 

>   And it is possible to deploy because [in Nemo Basic 
> Support] all traffic past in tunnel(s) between HA(s) and 
> MR(s) and so the traffic in this tunnel can be policed as you 
> wish. [You don't touch at Correspondant Node Mobile Ipv6 Stack].
> 
>   In Mobile Ipv6 is harder to realize/deploy.
> 
>   But I don't forget the Pandora's box style of Multi-Homing.
> 
> </nemo-multi-homing>
> 
> > Multihoming is not trivial, we'll have to decide whether to 
> amend the 
> > requirements draft for basic about that.
> 
>   So Nemo Basic Support can support only the Redundancy 
> Multi-Homing benefit; or more benefits [Load-Sharing, Policy] 
> and become more complex. [Too complex for a Basic Support ?]
> 
>   Maybe the design team have a begin of answer.

Problem is that the design team implements the requirements. We must
make the reqs clear cut for the design team to operate.

...

>   Yes, this definition provide misunderstanding, I rewrite :
> 
>   y: 0: A single Mobile Network Prefix is announced by Mobile 
> Router(s).
>      1: Muliple Mobile Network Prefix are announced by Mobile 
> Router(s).
> 
>   or the Chan Wah Ng's one is better [more general]:
> 
>   y: 0: A single prefix is advertise to the MNNs
>      1: More than one prefices is advertised to the MNNs
> 

I actually like that one very much...


>   or maybe your definition is more understandable and the good one:
> 
>   y: 0: Same Mobile Network Prefix for Mobile Router of the same link.
>      1: Differents Mobile Network Prefix for Mobile Router of 
> the same link.
> 
>   or I really misunderstand. [It is an another possibility]
> 
>   So an interresting case to clear this point :
> 
>      _     p1 MR1                   AR1   HA1
>     |_|-| <--_     ISP1 ________
>      _  |---|_|--------|        | |        _
>     |_|-|              |        |-|  _  |-|_|
>          \ <--         |        | |-|_|-|
>   Intern  \_ p1        |        |       |
>   Router  |_|          |Internet|
>           /  p2        |        |
>      _   / <--         |        | |        _
>     |_|-|    _         |        |-|  _  |-|_|
>      _  |---|_|--------|________| |-|_|-|
>     |_|-| <--      ISP2         ISP3    |
>            p2 MR2
>    MNN                              AR2   HA2

Note that one assumption is that a MN is a stub. So, MR1 will not
advertise p2 even if it gets it from Intern Router, whatever. So Intern
router just allows a shortcut when a node from p1 talks to a node from
p2, but otherwise, this is 2 isolated MNets of a no-multihoming case,
don't you think?

> 
>   This case is a DoubleBed case because if the ISP1 link fail 
> the problem is:
> 
>   How past the p1 prefix's packets through the MR2_HA2 tunnel 
> then through the AR2 link with the Cerberus Ingress Filtering 
> made by ISP3.
> 
>   [An example of solution is in [2] [Section 3.2.2., Using 
> Alternate Mobile Router]]
> 
>   So my preferred definition is the Chan Wah Ng's one:
> 
>   y: 0: A single prefix is advertise to the MNNs
>      1: More than one prefices is advertised to the MNNs
> 
> > I do agree with your vision. My view is a summarization to focus on 
> > where the problems are in my own view. We may start your standpoint 
> > and see what are the meaningful case between the 8 
> combinations. For 
> > instance (0,0,1) is a trivial extension of (0,0,0).
> 
>   I think you want to write :
> 
>   "For instance (1,0,0) is a trivial extension of (0,0,0)"
> 

Actually both are true :)

> > Like this, we'll find my 4 problems, and other if I missed some? Do 
> > you want to pursue that way?  Pascal
> 
>   So, is it enough ?
> 
>   [Two days of reflection later...]
> 
>    So the main goal of a taxonomy is to define a class of 
> problem, name it, and permit to say after: The solution for 
> the problem <name-of-problem> is ...

That was the goal. Identify separate problems and fix them individually.

> 
>   With this four classes can we say the solution for the 
> Tarzan problem is ... ? Difficult because - for example - 
> this two cases need differents solutions:
> 
>     - One "Multi-egress-interfaced" MR.
> 
>            P         _____
>      _    <--    _  |     |
>     |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>      _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>     |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                   |
> 
>     MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> 

This is a Tarzan, right?

> 
>    - Two MR in multi-site case.
> 
>             P
>           <---
>            _         _____
>      _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |
>     |_|-|     |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>      _  |     |     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>     |_|-|  _  |             |-|_|-|
>         |-|_|-|                   |
> 
>           <---
>             P
> 
>     MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA

And this is Shinkansen, and a Tarzan in this case. My point is that
hopefully (with a good design approach) x and y should be orthogonal and
the case you mention will need the solution for Tarzan and Shinkansen.

> 
>   And this two examples are Shinkansen too. So it is why 
> [maybe] an another level [w] would be appreciable. What is 
> your position on this specific example ?
> 
>   Well, I think you provide elsewhere the good taxonomy. 
> Thanks you for your judicious and constructives remarks.
> 
> 
>                                             -- Julien
> 
> 
> [1] http://www.nal.motlabs.com/pipermail/nemo/2003-April/000567.html
> [2] http://www.psl.com.sg/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-00.txt
> 



From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Sat May  3 12:17:24 2003
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Hi Ryuji, just a quick note here.

Ryuji Wakikawa wrote:
>> How does this implementation hand more than one prefix for your 
>> mobile network?
> 
> 
> If MR has multiple prefixes, then MR basically configures multiple 
> addresses for all prefixes.

In my view, if MR has two prefixes P-1 and P-2 for the mobile network it
is presumably in order to assign prefix P-1 on the first subnet of the
mobile network (the one that is attached directly to MR) and prefix P-2
to another subnet of the mobile network deeper below MR, like directly
attached to a Fixed Router.  In that case, it is not very natural, in my
oppinion, to assign an address derived from P-2 on any of the MR's
interfaces.

Or maybe you assume (or the questioner assumed) that the two prefixes
are both assigned to the same subnet immediately below MR?

Alex
GBU



From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Sat May  3 12:54:14 2003
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CC: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>, nemo@nal.motlabs.com
Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
>> I completely fail to understand how you come to this conclusion. 
>> The basic spec would say how to establish the HA-MR tunnels and can
>>  be utterly silent on the fact that existing routing protocols can
>>  run over these tunnels. Some people call this modularity.
>> 
> 
> 
> Well... the req draft still includes multihoming, that's the problem.

I do not see anything in the reqs draft related to multi-homing (R12 and
  R13.1-3) that can not be satisfied by a simple basic nemo protocol.

As they are now, those requirements are fine with me.

That does not mean that those multi-homing requirements should be
refined such as to make the basic kind of solution impossible to work
with multiple egress interfaces.

That is also to support to trying to modify the "requirements" in
the title of the draft to "goals".  This has already been suggested at
the NEMO meeting and I find it to be a good idea.  In the particular
case of multi-homing requirements, it would be fine to have it as a
_goal_ to support multiple egress interfaces and multiple Mobile
Routers, point bar.

The simplest of the basicest nemo solutions would be lean and fit those
multi-homing goals. On another hand, a strong requirement, such as "MUST
support _any_ number of egress interfaces, any number of MRs, any number
of HAs, with MRs switching between various HAs" would easily drive into
building a network that does everything based on "NEMO multi-homing" and
does no dynamic routing protocol nor the other modules.

On another hand, yes, the draft on requirements should be updated in
order to be kept alive after the 6-month expiration; but that can be
updated with other simple modifications, like better format, coherency
(R12-R13), add a Change section, eliminate the redundant "Location
Privacy", etc.

My two cents worth,

Alex
GBU



From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Mon May  5 08:00:53 2003
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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Date: Mon, 5 May 2003 13:57:18 +0200 (CEST)

> On the other hand, a multicast group of HAs may span over different ASs
> and if each member advertises the aggregation we're talking about, the
> impact of registrations and movements are contained. I'm talking about
> yet an other routing protocol, capable of aggregation, running over
> multicast groups that span over AS boundaries. A functional group.

Pascal,

This sounds like an interesting research topic but seems to be outside 
of the scope of the WG.
The WG has shorter term deliverables around tunneling HA-MR,
and a deliverable around the possible approaches for route optimization,
but nothing about defining some new routing protocol running over a 
multicast-discovered overlay of HAs.

If there are multihoming issues that need to be written down
and considered for the HA-MR tunneling case, the WG should do that.
(And I personally think this is just an issue of not preventing
multihoming by assuming e.g. one prefix per MR).
But so far I've seen no plausible argument that the WG can't do that
and instead should embark on some unknown new model for routing.

So let's focus on the WG deliverables.

  Erik



From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Mon May  5 10:25:06 2003
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		 Mon, 05 May 2003 15:33:31 +0200
Subject: [nemo] CfP:1st Europaen Workshop on WIreless Sensor Networks
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Date: Mon, 05 May 2003 15:40:16 +0200

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Dear Colleague,

I would like to draw your attention to the " Frist European Workshop
on Wireless Sensor Networks" Berlin, January 2004 (see Attachement).
Submission deadline is July 1st, 2003: submission details are available
under      http://www.ewsn.org

Best regards
Adam Wolisz






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From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Tue May  6 07:38:56 2003
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From: Julien Charbon <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo@nal.motlabs.com
Cc: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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Date: Tue, 6 May 2003 21:24:12 +0900
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  Hi Pascal, hi all,

> Problem is that the design team implements the requirements. We must
> make the reqs clear cut for the design team to operate.

  I see that you mean.

> >   So an interresting case to clear this point :
> >
> >      _     p1 MR1                   AR1   HA1
> >     |_|-| <--_     ISP1 ________
> >      _  |---|_|--------|        | |        _
> >     |_|-|              |        |-|  _  |-|_|
> >          \ <--         |        | |-|_|-|
> >   Intern  \_ p1        |        |       |
> >   Router  |_|          |Internet|
> >           /  p2        |        |
> >      _   / <--         |        | |        _
> >     |_|-|    _         |        |-|  _  |-|_|
> >      _  |---|_|--------|________| |-|_|-|
> >     |_|-| <--      ISP2         ISP3    |
> >            p2 MR2
> >    MNN                              AR2   HA2
>
> Note that one assumption is that a MN is a stub. So, MR1 will not
> advertise p2 even if it gets it from Intern Router, whatever. So Intern
> router just allows a shortcut when a node from p1 talks to a node from
> p2, but otherwise, this is 2 isolated MNets of a no-multihoming case,
> don't you think?

  To be clear the Intern Router send p1's RA by his north interface
and p2's by his south interface. The goal of this kind of
configuration is to separate the two subnets p1 and p2.
[The network administrator don't want multi-addressed node]

  Now, in Nemo-Terminology is a Multi-Homing case :

,----[ draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-01.txt ]
| Multihomed Mobile Network
|     From 3.4.1, a mobile network is multihomed when either: [...]
|         - there are more than one MR in the mobile network
`----

but this definition can be changed.

 And that's append when MR1 fail down ?

  When a IPv6 node receive several Router Advertisement it manage
a Default Router List like this :

,----[ RFC-2461 ]
| 6.3.4. Processing Received Router Advertisements
|
|  [...] On receipt of a valid Router Advertisement, a host extracts the
| source address of the packet and does the following:
|
|     * If the address is not already present in the host's Default
|       Router List [...] create a new entry in the list [...]
|
|  To limit the storage needed for the Default Router List, [...] a host
| MUST retain at least two router addresses and SHOULD retain more.
|                      ^^^
`----

  And thus Node choose a Default Router in the list:

,----[ RFC-2461 ]
| 6.3.6. Default Router Selection
|
| [...] The policy for selecting routers from the Default Router List is as
| follows:
|
|      1) Routers that are reachable or probably reachable.[...]
|      2) When no routers on the list are known to be reachable or
|         probably reachable, routers SHOULD be selected in a round-robin
|         fashion, [...]
`----

  So after a TimeOut the p1 prefixed nodes send theirs packets to the
Intern Router, who forwards this paquets to MR2, who tunnels this
packet to HA2 who is embarrassed [if a HA can be embarrassed]
because ISP3 refuse to forward p1 prefix.

 I think this kind of problem is a [Nemo] Site Multi-Homing one. But
there is nor Multi6-Terminology, and neither Nemo-Multi6-Terminology so
it is IMHO.

> That was the goal. Identify separate problems and fix them individually.
>
> >   With this four classes can we say the solution for the
> > Tarzan problem is ... ? Difficult because - for example -
> > this two cases need differents solutions:
> >
> >     - One "Multi-egress-interfaced" MR.
> >
> >            P         _____
> >      _    <--    _  |     |
> >     |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
> >      _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
> >     |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
> >                                   |
> >
> >     MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
>
> This is a Tarzan, right?

 Yes, this two examples are Tarzan AND Shinkansen.
[The first one is a very trivial Shinkansen].

> >
> >    - Two MR in multi-site case.
> >
> >             P
> >           <---
> >            _         _____
> >      _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |
> >     |_|-|     |-|_|-|     |-|        _
> >      _  |     |     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
> >     |_|-|  _  |             |-|_|-|
> >         |-|_|-|                   |
> >
> >           <---
> >             P
> >
> >     MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
>
> And this is Shinkansen, and a Tarzan in this case. My point is that
> hopefully (with a good design approach) x and y should be orthogonal and
> the case you mention will need the solution for Tarzan and Shinkansen.

  Now, I see totally your point of view.

 Can you give me some solution, or outlined solution that provided good
designed approach ? [It is not a trap-question, I really want to learn
all point of view on this problematic]

  IMHO, I think is too earlier for this affirmation, but maybe I'm
lack of expertise in this domain and I waiting to be convince.

                        Thanks for all yours explanations and your patience.

                                               -- Julien


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Date: Wed, 07 May 2003 11:47:14 +0900

Hi all, 

I've read TJ's draft and thought about the operations of multi-
egress/homing in MRTP/PSBU.

Let me summarize it.

----------
Tarzan

  - a MR has CoA1, CoA2 and a Prefix, And there is a sigle HA.

  If a MR has 2 CoA, MR bind only the primary one.  If CoA1 is
  primary, then MR sends BU using CoA1.


----------
Jet-Set

  - a MR has CoA1, CoA2 and a Prefix, And there are HA1 and HA2.

  Maybe a MR know the list of HAs by using DHAAD, and MR will decide
  that the primary CoA to each HA. If MR decide that CoA1 is primary
  to HA1, then MR sends BU using CoA1 to HA1. And MR decide that CoA2
  is primary to HA2, then MR sends BU using CoA2 to HA2. May be we can
  keep suck kind of BU list.
  

----------
Shinkansen

  - MR1 has CoA1, MR2 has CoA2 and a Prefix advertised by MR1 and
    MR2. And there is a HA.

  Each MR register own BU to a HA. HA has two binding corresponding to
  Prefix. HA choose the binding by using round-robin algorism.


----------
Double-bed

  - MR1 has CoA1 and advertise Prefix1, MR2 has CoA2 and advertise
    Prefix2. And there is a HA.

  Each MR register own BU to a HA. HA has two binding Prefix1->CoA1
  and Prefix2->CoA2. MNNs act source address selection.


thanks,
Koshiro


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From: Koshiro MITSUYA <mitsuya@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple egress/homeing operations in MRTP/PSBU
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Date: Thu, 08 May 2003 15:59:37 +0900

Dear all,

I've received some questions, and Let me update my document.


At Wed, 07 May 2003 11:47:14 +0900,
Koshiro MITSUYA wrote:
> 
> Hi all, 
> 
> I've read TJ's draft and thought about the operations of multi-
> egress/homing in MRTP/PSBU.
> 


Multiple egress vs multihoming operations in MRTP/PSBU

If I feel the specification is out of scope in NEMO Basic support,
then I put "<extension></extension>".


----------
Tarzan

  - a MR has CoA1, CoA2 and a Prefix, And there is a sigle HA.

  If a MR has 2 CoA, MR bind only the primary one.  If CoA1 is
  primary, then MR sends BU using CoA1.

  <extension>
  We can use same mechanism as "draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa"
  for Load Sharing.  Please refer to [1].
  </extension>

----------
Jet-Set

  - a MR has CoA1, CoA2 and a Prefix, And there are HA1 and HA2.

  Maybe a MR know the list of HAs by using DHAAD, and MR will decide
  that the primary CoA to each HA. If MR decide that CoA1 is primary
  to HA1, then MR sends BU using CoA1 to HA1. And MR decide that CoA2
  is primary to HA2, then MR sends BU using CoA2 to HA2. May be we can
  keep such kind of BU list.
  
  If you don't have any policy to decide the primary one, it's gonna
  be same case as source address selection, like round-robin
  algorithm.

  <extension>
  we can chose a primary CoA with some policy from there restriction
  [security, access control, reachability,...].  In this case, we may
  investigate new specification to nemo spec. For exmaple, MR has this
  kind of policy,

  priority | high         low
  ---------|--------------------------
     HA1   | WirelessLAN  PDC    
     HA2   | PDC          WirelessLAN

  When WirelessLAN and PDC are available, the primary CoA for HA1 is
  CoA of WirelessLAN, and the primary for HA2 is CoA of PDC. When
  WirelessLAN is down, the primary CoA for HA1 will be CoA of PDC.
  </extension>

----------
Shinkansen

  - MR1 has CoA1, MR2 has CoA2 and a Prefix advertised by MR1 and
    MR2. And there is a HA.

  Each MR register own BU to a HA. HA has two binding corresponding to
  a Prefix. HA choose the binding by using round-robin algorism.
  FOr example, MR1 has H@1, MR2 has H@2, then a HA has following BC.

  MIP binding cache
    H@1 -> CoA1
    H@2 -> CoA2

  NEMO binding cache
    Prefix -> H@1 (use round
    Prefix -> H@2  robin algorism)

  If a HA receive a packet destinated to example::beef. HA search
  example::beef in NEMO binding cache at first, If found, search
  corresponding H@ in MIP binding cache and act as NEMO HA.  If not
  found, search example::beef in MIP binding cache and act as MIP HA.

  <extension>
  One idea of Load Sharing, a HA has the policy to decide which MR is
  higher. Maybe a operator of HA set the priority statically, like MR1
  is higher than MR2.

  If users/owner of MR want to decide the priority statically, users
  can put the policy to each MR, and MRs can send BU with the
  priority. 

  If you act it dynamically, we need more concerns ;-)
  </extension>


----------
Double-bed

  - MR1 has CoA1 and advertise Prefix1, MR2 has CoA2 and advertise
    Prefix2. And there is a HA.

  Each MR register own BU to a HA. HA has two binding Prefix1->CoA1
  and Prefix2->CoA2. MNNs act source address selection.


[1] http://www.nal.motlabs.com/pipermail/nemo/2003-April/000575.html


thanks,
Koshiro


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Date: Thu, 8 May 2003 16:49:35 +0900
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Dear all,

I'm in the process of submitting an update version of both the
Requirements and the Terminology drafts. Following the discussion at
last IETF meeting, documents will remain separate, but terms which can
now be found in the Seamoby Terminology doc are now removed from the
NEMO document.

Before I do submit them to the IETF secretariat, I would like to make
sure on the NEMO ML that the terminology draft is going to be submitted
as a NEMO Working Group document, not as a personal submission anymore
(i.e. it would be draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00 instead of
draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-02). Any concern about this ?

Thierry.




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LANOMS'03 - Extended Deadline for submissions - June 6th

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			     LANOMS 2003
			     -----------

    3rd Latin American Network Operations and Management Symposium
			Iguassu Falls, Brazil
			 September 4-6, 2003
	      IEEE ComSoc CNOM Technically Co-sponsored
	   http://www.inf.ufpr.br/lanoms lanoms@inf.ufpr.br
			   
			   Call for Papers
			   ---------------
The Third Latin American Network Operations and Management Symposium -
LANOMS, to be  held in Iguassu Falls  (Foz do Iguaçu),  Brazil, is the
result of the great success of both LANOMS'1999 which  was held in Rio
de Janeiro  and LANOMS'2001 which was  held in Belo Horizonte, as well
as the other  events in the  area of network  management known as NOMS
and APNOMS.  NOMS (Network   Operations and Management Symposium)  was
originally created 13 years ago, and  nowadays constitutes a worldwide
event  for the  researches  in the  area  of network  management.  The
Asia/Pacific  community  promoted   the APNOMS (Asia-Pacific   Network
Operations and Management Symposium),  which is an event more oriented
to the research and development community  in that region.  Continuing
the success of the second LANOMS, we will promote the third edition of
LANOMS  (http://www.inf.ufpr.br/lanoms)  on  September   4-6  2003,
in Iguassu Falls, Paraná, Brazil.

The  symposium is  a promotion  of   the Federal University  of Paraná
(UFPR), Brazil,    technically  co-sponsored  by   IEEE Communications
Society,  and supported  by  IEEE   Technical  Committee on    Network
Operations and Management (CNOM).
The main goal of the LANOMS is to create a forum  more specific to the
necessities   of Latin  America  in  the area   of network  management
involving    networking and    telecommunication  companies,  academic
institutions  and   equipment vendors.  LANOMS  is   an  event open to
participants from all  over the world who are  interest in  having, or
already have, research or commercial  liaisons in Latin America -  one
of the fastest growing regions in the  world in networking. This year,
we  intend to  increase  the submissions  from North America,  Europe,
Africa and Asia.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
- Integrating Intrusion Detection and Network Management
- Intrusion Policy Management
- Web Services Security
- Business and Service Management
- Management Platforms, Interoperability, Standards and Protocols
- Management  of Networks and  Services:  VPNs, Optical Networks, CATV
Networks,  Mobile/Wireless and     Ad-Hoc Networks,   Voice over   IP,
Transaction-Oriented  Services,   Electronic   Commerce, Active    and
Programmable Networks, Sensor Networks
- Management Technologies and Frameworks (Web, XML, CORBA, DEN, etc)
- Management Aspects of Service Pricing, Accounting and Billing
- Management of Service Level Agreements and Quality of Service
- Bandwidth Brokerage
- Data Warehousing and Data Mining in Management
- Programmable, Mobile and Intelligent Agents in Management
- Network and Systems Monitoring 
- Fault and Performance Management
- Security Management
- Configuration Management and Policy-Driven Management
- Information Modeling
- Traffic and Performance Management
- Open-Source Management Software
- Management  of Grid Computing,  Clusters, Peer-to-Peer Applications,
and Ubiquitous Computing Environments
- Operations Support Systems 
- Business Processes for Network and Service Management 
- Peer-to-peer Network Technologies for Management 
- Management of Distributed Systems
- Case Studies and Experiences in Management
Authors are invited to submit  unpublished papers, which are not under
review   for  publication elsewhere. Papers  are   to  be submitted in
English.   Submissions   should be  complete, full-length   papers and
should not   exceed  12 pages.   Electronic  submission  of papers  is
mandatory.  Full instructions  for the electronic submissions will  be
available soon on   the LANOMS  Web page.   Authors   are requested to
submit papers  in PDF (preferred) or  PostScript  format via web.  The
manuscript should include an abstract and three key-words.  The format
is size A4 (preferred) or Letter, single column, font size 12.
All papers will be carefully reviewed  by at least three international
experts  and returned to  the author(s) with  comments  to ensure high
quality.

Important Dates:
----------------
        Deadline for receipt of papers:       June  06, 2003
        Notification of acceptance:           June  30, 2003
        Final camera ready paper due:         July  15, 2003

LANOMS 2003 Committee
---------------------
General Chair:
  Elias Procópio Duarte Jr., Brazil          elias@inf.ufpr.br
TPC Chair:
  Edmundo Roberto Mauro Madeira, Brazil    edmundo@ic.unicamp.br
Tutorial Chair:
  José Marcos Silva Nogueira, Brazil       jmarcos@dcc.ufmg.br
Publicity Chair:
  Carlos Becker Westphall, Brazil          westphal@lrg.ufsc.br

International Liaisons:
  Asia: Masayoshi Ejiri                    ejiri@jp.fujitsu.com
  Australia: Abbas Jamalipour              abbas@ee.usyd.edu.au
  Europe: Rolf Stadler                     stadler@ctr.columbia.edu
  North America: Mehmet Ulema              mehmet.ulema@manhattan.edu
  Africa: Abderrahim Sekkaki               sekkaki@hotmail.com
  Peru: Carlos Silva                       csilva@pucp.edu.pe
  Colombia: Aldo Forero                    aforero@col1.telecom.com.co
  Colombia: Omar Rodriguez Ramirez         omar-r@andinet.com
  Chile: Ivan Ramirez Ayala                iraft@123mail.cl
  Costa Rica: Francisco Murrillo           fmurillos@ice.go.cr

Technical Program Committee:
 Ahmed Karmouch - Univ. of Ottawa, Canada
 Antonio Alfredo F. Loureiro - Federal Univ. of Minas Gerais, Brazil
 Bruno R. Schulze - LNCC, Brazil
 Carlos Becker Westphall - Federal Univ. of Santa Catarina, Brazil
 Carlos de Castro Goulart - Federal Univ. of Viçosa, Brazil
 Elias P. Duarte Jr. (General Chair) - Federal Univ. of Paraná, Brazil
 Edmundo Monteiro - Univ. of Coimbra, Portugal
 Edmundo R. M. Madeira (TPC Chair) - State Univ. of Campinas, Brazil
 Edward L. Pinnes - Telcordia, USA
 Elizabeth Specialski - Federal Univ. of Santa Catarina, Brazil
 Fernando Boavida - Univ. of Coimbra, Portugal
 Germán Goldszmidt - IBM, USA
 Iara Machado - RNP, Brazil
 James Won-Ki Hong - Postech, Korea
 Javier Diaz - Univ. of La Plata, Argentina
 José Marcos Silva Nogueira - Federal Univ. of Minas Gerais, Brazil
 José Neuman de Souza - Federal Univ. of Ceará, Brazil
 Liane Tarouco - Federal Univ. of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
 Lisandro Z. Granville - Federal Univ. of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
 Luciano P. Gaspary - Univ. of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Brazil
 Lundy Lewis - Aprisma Management Technologies, USA
 Masayoshi Ejiri - Fujitsu, Japan
 Mehmet Ulema, Manhattan College, USA
 Nazim Agoulmine - Univ. of Evry - France
 Nelson L.S. Fonseca - State Univ. of Campinas, Brazil
 Otto C.M.B. Duarte - Federal Univ. of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
 Raouf Boutaba - Univ. of Waterloo, Canada
 Thomas Magedanz - IKV++ Technologies AG, TU Berlin, Germany







From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Mon May 12 07:42:30 2003
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To: nemo@nal.motlabs.com, manet@ietf.org, mobile-ip@sunroof.eng.sun.com,
        pana@research.telcordia.com
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Subject: [nemo] CFP:: First International Conference on Mobile Computing and Ubiquitous Networking (ICMU 2004)
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         (Apologies if you receive multiple copies)

                    CALL FOR PAPERS
                    ===============
           First International Conference 
   on Mobile Computing and Ubiquitous Networking (ICMU 2004) 

        January 8 and 9, 2004
        NTT DoCoMo R&D Center, Yokosuka Rsearch Park, Yokosuka, JAPAN
        http://www.ipsj.or.jp/sig/mbl/icmu2004/

	Deadline for submissions: August 1 2003
	~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
	Co-sponsored by IPSJ SIG-MBL (Informaiton Processing Society
	of Japan, Special Interest Group of Mobile Computing and
	Ubiquitous Networking) and IPSJ SG-BCC (Study Group of
	Broadcast Communicaiton and Computing) 

Scope:
~~~~~~
Mobile computing aims at ubiquitous user access to computer
application. To make it possible, networking technology which enables
Internet access anytime and everywhere, i.e. ubiquitous networking is
necessary. It is obvious that with the accelerating trends towards
mobile networks, ad-hoc networks, and wireless networks, mobile
computing and ubiquitous networking will play an important role in
future network. This conference is aimed at providing researchers and
practitioners in this hot research area a forum for discussion and
collaboration. Authors are invited to submit papers addressing, but
not limited to, the following topics: 

- Applications and services for mobile computing 
- Network architectures, protocols, or service models for ubiquitous
  networking  
- Network management for ubiquitous networking 
- Data management for mobile computing 
- Security in mobile computing and ubiquitous networking 
- Wireless and mobile communications 
- Nomadic computing 
- Ad-hoc networks 
- Mobile Internetworking 
- Performance evaluation for mobile computing and ubiquitous
  networking systems  
- Broadcast communication

Submission Instructions:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Papers are solicited as full papers of no more than 6 pages, each of
which will be subject to a full review process. Submission should
already follow the author guidelines as specified in the web site
below. An electronic, PDF-based submission of papers is mandatory.  

Please check Submission Guideline
(http://www.ipsj.or.jp/sig/mbl/icmu2004/guide.html) for further
submission instructions.   

Important Dates:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- Deadline for submissions August 1, 2003 
- Notification of acceptance October 1, 2003 
- Camera ready due November 1, 2003 
- Conference January 8-9, 2004 


Location and Date:
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The location of the NTT DoCoMo R&D Center is in the heart of Yokosuka
Research Park(YRP) where a lot of wireless communication related
research institutes are established. YRP is really the heart of
wireless communications research in Japan. Japanese old city Kamakura,
a famous historic city, is 30 minutes by train. Beginning of the year
is one of the best seasons for visiting Japan.  

You can also get PDF version of Call for Papers
from http://www.ipsj.or.jp/sig/mbl/icmu2004/cfp-icmu2004.pdf


-- inoue@toshiba

Atsushi Inoue                 # Phone: +81-44-549-2065
Communication Platform Lab.   # Fax:   +81-44-520-1806
TOSHIBA  R&D Center           # inoue@isl.rdc.toshiba.co.jp





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123


_______________________________________________
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From nemo-admin@nal.motlabs.com  Tue May 13 04:05:22 2003
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Hi folks,

We lucky NEMOers have been offered a spiffy new mailing list server at
ietf.org, which means that we will soon be migrating a new mailing list
address. Everything else will remain the same - the server software is the
same as before, and your address should be subscribed to the new list
without your intervention. The switch-over will happen within the next
couple of days; stay tuned for details.

-NEMO admin



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Hi folks,

We lucky NEMOers have been offered a spiffy new mailing list server at
ietf.org, which means that we will soon be migrating a new mailing list
address. Everything else will remain the same - the server software is the
same as before, and your address should be subscribed to the new list
without your intervention. The switch-over will happen within the next
couple of days; stay tuned for details.

-NEMO admin



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Tue May 13 18:35:47 2003
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Hi folks, please update your address book to start using the new address,
nemo@ietf.org. The list is up and running now, and posts to the old alias will
be forwarded to the new one.

Thanks,
-TJ


From mailnull@www1.ietf.org  Tue May 13 18:38:07 2003
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Hi folks, please update your address book to start using the new address,
nemo@ietf.org. The list is up and running now, and posts to the old alias will
be forwarded to the new one.

Thanks,
-TJ



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed May 14 05:45:14 2003
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From: petrescu@nal.motlabs.com
To: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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[old mail...]

Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp> writes:
> Following the discussion at last IETF meeting, documents will remain
> separate, but terms which can now be found in the Seamoby
> Terminology doc are now removed from the NEMO document.

Can we see the relevant part of the current new terminology document
that does not appear in the Seamoby terminology document?

> Before I do submit them to the IETF secretariat, I would like to
> make sure on the NEMO ML that the terminology draft is going to be
> submitted as a NEMO Working Group document, not as a personal
> submission anymore (i.e. it would be draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00
> instead of draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-02). Any concern about this?

Depends on how the current nemo terminology looks like.  To me it does
make sense to use the space in the Seamoby mobility terminology
document, provided that suggested additions of new terms are accepted.

If the body of the current terminology document is very long then a
new document might make sense (I mean another than Seamoby's).

On the other hand, every other non-terminology document might have its
own DEFINITIONS section.

On yet another hand, many terms are used for ad-hoc - read ephemere -
discussions and thus might not need to be set in any document.

Alex



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To: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
Date: Wed, 14 May 2003 11:46:52 +0200
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[old mail...]

Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp> writes:
> Following the discussion at last IETF meeting, documents will remain
> separate, but terms which can now be found in the Seamoby
> Terminology doc are now removed from the NEMO document.

Can we see the relevant part of the current new terminology document
that does not appear in the Seamoby terminology document?

> Before I do submit them to the IETF secretariat, I would like to
> make sure on the NEMO ML that the terminology draft is going to be
> submitted as a NEMO Working Group document, not as a personal
> submission anymore (i.e. it would be draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00
> instead of draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-02). Any concern about this?

Depends on how the current nemo terminology looks like.  To me it does
make sense to use the space in the Seamoby mobility terminology
document, provided that suggested additions of new terms are accepted.

If the body of the current terminology document is very long then a
new document might make sense (I mean another than Seamoby's).

On the other hand, every other non-terminology document might have its
own DEFINITIONS section.

On yet another hand, many terms are used for ad-hoc - read ephemere -
discussions and thus might not need to be set in any document.

Alex



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed May 14 06:24:55 2003
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: petrescu@nal.motlabs.com
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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petrescu@nal.motlabs.com wrote:

> Can we see the relevant part of the current new terminology document
> that does not appear in the Seamoby terminology document?

The requirement draft is ready, but I'm stuck on the re-definition of
multihoming in the terminology, which requires me to update requirement
12-13.

So, I can send the 2 drafts with the current text and let the people
playing their favorite game: darts throwing.


> > Before I do submit them to the IETF secretariat, I would like to
> > make sure on the NEMO ML that the terminology draft is going to be
> > submitted as a NEMO Working Group document, not as a personal
> > submission anymore (i.e. it would be draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00
> > instead of draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-02). Any concern about this?
> 
> Depends on how the current nemo terminology looks like.  To me it does
> make sense to use the space in the Seamoby mobility terminology
> document, provided that suggested additions of new terms are accepted.
> 
> If the body of the current terminology document is very long then a
> new document might make sense (I mean another than Seamoby's).
> 
> On the other hand, every other non-terminology document might have its
> own DEFINITIONS section.
> 
> On yet another hand, many terms are used for ad-hoc - read ephemere -
> discussions and thus might not need to be set in any document.

Well, those comments don't help. Have you checked the Seamoby document
already and the relevant mobile network section ?

I will send the terminology as draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00, I think
that's the consensus (well, indeed, the consensus is "no comment" :-)

Thierry




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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: petrescu@nal.motlabs.com
Cc: nemo@ietf.org, tj@kniveton.com
Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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petrescu@nal.motlabs.com wrote:

> Can we see the relevant part of the current new terminology document
> that does not appear in the Seamoby terminology document?

The requirement draft is ready, but I'm stuck on the re-definition of
multihoming in the terminology, which requires me to update requirement
12-13.

So, I can send the 2 drafts with the current text and let the people
playing their favorite game: darts throwing.


> > Before I do submit them to the IETF secretariat, I would like to
> > make sure on the NEMO ML that the terminology draft is going to be
> > submitted as a NEMO Working Group document, not as a personal
> > submission anymore (i.e. it would be draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00
> > instead of draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-02). Any concern about this?
> 
> Depends on how the current nemo terminology looks like.  To me it does
> make sense to use the space in the Seamoby mobility terminology
> document, provided that suggested additions of new terms are accepted.
> 
> If the body of the current terminology document is very long then a
> new document might make sense (I mean another than Seamoby's).
> 
> On the other hand, every other non-terminology document might have its
> own DEFINITIONS section.
> 
> On yet another hand, many terms are used for ad-hoc - read ephemere -
> discussions and thus might not need to be set in any document.

Well, those comments don't help. Have you checked the Seamoby document
already and the relevant mobile network section ?

I will send the terminology as draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00, I think
that's the consensus (well, indeed, the consensus is "no comment" :-)

Thierry




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed May 14 06:52:06 2003
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Thierry Ernst wrote:
> Well, those comments don't help.

Ok, let me Cancel them.

> Have you checked the Seamoby document already and the relevant mobile
>  network section ?

Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not contain MNP
(mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby to add MNP to that
document?

> I will send the terminology as draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00, I 
> think that's the consensus (well, indeed, the consensus is "no 
> comment" :-)

No comment :-)

Alex



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Thierry Ernst wrote:
> Well, those comments don't help.

Ok, let me Cancel them.

> Have you checked the Seamoby document already and the relevant mobile
>  network section ?

Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not contain MNP
(mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby to add MNP to that
document?

> I will send the terminology as draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00, I 
> think that's the consensus (well, indeed, the consensus is "no 
> comment" :-)

No comment :-)

Alex



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> Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not contain MNP
> (mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby to add MNP to that
> document?

Indeed, it does, but not in the same section.

Thierry


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> Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not contain MNP
> (mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby to add MNP to that
> document?

Indeed, it does, but not in the same section.

Thierry



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed May 14 07:49:48 2003
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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not contain
>>  MNP (mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby to add MNP
>>  to that document?
> 
> 
> Indeed, it does, but not in the same section.

For example, it would be nice to have the acronym MNP too.  At the
moment it only has the "Mobile Network Prefix".

I suppose that the nemo terminology would not define MNP then, am I right?

Alex



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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not contain
>>  MNP (mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby to add MNP
>>  to that document?
> 
> 
> Indeed, it does, but not in the same section.

For example, it would be nice to have the acronym MNP too.  At the
moment it only has the "Mobile Network Prefix".

I suppose that the nemo terminology would not define MNP then, am I right?

Alex



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed May 14 08:18:01 2003
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
Cc: nemo@ietf.org, tj@kniveton.com
Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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> >> Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not contain
> >>  MNP (mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby to add MNP
> >>  to that document?
> > 
> > 
> > Indeed, it does, but not in the same section.
> 
> For example, it would be nice to have the acronym MNP too.  At the
> moment it only has the "Mobile Network Prefix".
> 
> I suppose that the nemo terminology would not define MNP then, am I right?

Why not ? 
Proposition granted, will be in new draft.

Thierry


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To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
Cc: nemo@ietf.org, tj@kniveton.com
Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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> >> Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not contain
> >>  MNP (mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby to add MNP
> >>  to that document?
> > 
> > 
> > Indeed, it does, but not in the same section.
> 
> For example, it would be nice to have the acronym MNP too.  At the
> moment it only has the "Mobile Network Prefix".
> 
> I suppose that the nemo terminology would not define MNP then, am I right?

Why not ? 
Proposition granted, will be in new draft.

Thierry



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed May 14 08:27:51 2003
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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>>>> Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not 
>>>> contain MNP (mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby
>>>>  to add MNP to that document?
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Indeed, it does, but not in the same section.
>> 
>> For example, it would be nice to have the acronym MNP too.  At the
>>  moment it only has the "Mobile Network Prefix".
>> 
>> I suppose that the nemo terminology would not define MNP then, am I
>>  right?
> 
> 
> Why not ? Proposition granted, will be in new draft.

Excellent.

Along the same lines, please allow me to suggest grouping together the
definitions of Mobile Network and the definition of Nested Mobile
Networks.  To me it makes sense to have those two inherently related
terms defined together in one place.

What do you think?

Alex



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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>>>> Yes I did.  I found mobile network, MR and MNN. It does not 
>>>> contain MNP (mobile network prefix).  Can we suggest to Seamoby
>>>>  to add MNP to that document?
>>> 
>>> 
>>> Indeed, it does, but not in the same section.
>> 
>> For example, it would be nice to have the acronym MNP too.  At the
>>  moment it only has the "Mobile Network Prefix".
>> 
>> I suppose that the nemo terminology would not define MNP then, am I
>>  right?
> 
> 
> Why not ? Proposition granted, will be in new draft.

Excellent.

Along the same lines, please allow me to suggest grouping together the
definitions of Mobile Network and the definition of Nested Mobile
Networks.  To me it makes sense to have those two inherently related
terms defined together in one place.

What do you think?

Alex



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed May 14 08:33:47 2003
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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> Along the same lines, please allow me to suggest grouping together the
> definitions of Mobile Network and the definition of Nested Mobile
> Networks.  To me it makes sense to have those two inherently related
> terms defined together in one place.
> 
> What do you think?

Cannot be worked out because mobile network is defined in seamoby while
nested mobile network is in NEMO terminology. Nested terms are really
specific to NEMO, while mobile network is kind of generic term.

Thierry



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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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> Along the same lines, please allow me to suggest grouping together the
> definitions of Mobile Network and the definition of Nested Mobile
> Networks.  To me it makes sense to have those two inherently related
> terms defined together in one place.
> 
> What do you think?

Cannot be worked out because mobile network is defined in seamoby while
nested mobile network is in NEMO terminology. Nested terms are really
specific to NEMO, while mobile network is kind of generic term.

Thierry



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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> Along the same lines, please allow me to suggest grouping together
>>  the definitions of Mobile Network and the definition of Nested 
>> Mobile Networks.  To me it makes sense to have those two inherently
>>  related terms defined together in one place.
>> 
>> What do you think?
> 
> 
> Cannot be worked out because mobile network is defined in seamoby 
> while nested mobile network is in NEMO terminology. Nested terms are
>  really specific to NEMO, while mobile network is kind of generic 
> term.

[see section 5 "Specific Termino for manet", eventually they can
  section 6 "Specific Termino for NEMO"]

The only reason I thought this could not be worked out was that probably
it would be difficult to suggest this change to the generic Seamoby
"Mobility Terminology" document.  But we haven't yet tried.  What do you
think, is it worth trying to suggest to Seamoby to include Nested Mobile
Networks in the generic "Mobility Terminology" document?

Alex



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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> Along the same lines, please allow me to suggest grouping together
>>  the definitions of Mobile Network and the definition of Nested 
>> Mobile Networks.  To me it makes sense to have those two inherently
>>  related terms defined together in one place.
>> 
>> What do you think?
> 
> 
> Cannot be worked out because mobile network is defined in seamoby 
> while nested mobile network is in NEMO terminology. Nested terms are
>  really specific to NEMO, while mobile network is kind of generic 
> term.

[see section 5 "Specific Termino for manet", eventually they can
  section 6 "Specific Termino for NEMO"]

The only reason I thought this could not be worked out was that probably
it would be difficult to suggest this change to the generic Seamoby
"Mobility Terminology" document.  But we haven't yet tried.  What do you
think, is it worth trying to suggest to Seamoby to include Nested Mobile
Networks in the generic "Mobility Terminology" document?

Alex



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Date: Wed, 14 May 2003 21:50:28 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
Cc: nemo@ietf.org, tj@kniveton.com
Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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> [see section 5 "Specific Termino for manet", eventually they can
>   section 6 "Specific Termino for NEMO"]
> 
> The only reason I thought this could not be worked out was that probably
> it would be difficult to suggest this change to the generic Seamoby
> "Mobility Terminology" document.  But we haven't yet tried.  What do you
> think, is it worth trying to suggest to Seamoby to include Nested Mobile
> Networks in the generic "Mobility Terminology" document?

Of course we tried, that was they have included some of our terminology
... But we need to keep the control on this term I think, so I didn't
suggest this term to the J. Manner. I have suggested egress
interface, ingress interface, mobile router, mobile network node, fixed
node, mobile network, and network mobility. That's it, as far as I
remember.

Thierry




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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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> [see section 5 "Specific Termino for manet", eventually they can
>   section 6 "Specific Termino for NEMO"]
> 
> The only reason I thought this could not be worked out was that probably
> it would be difficult to suggest this change to the generic Seamoby
> "Mobility Terminology" document.  But we haven't yet tried.  What do you
> think, is it worth trying to suggest to Seamoby to include Nested Mobile
> Networks in the generic "Mobility Terminology" document?

Of course we tried, that was they have included some of our terminology
... But we need to keep the control on this term I think, so I didn't
suggest this term to the J. Manner. I have suggested egress
interface, ingress interface, mobile router, mobile network node, fixed
node, mobile network, and network mobility. That's it, as far as I
remember.

Thierry




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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> [see section 5 "Specific Termino for manet", eventually they can 
>> section 6 "Specific Termino for NEMO"]
>> 
>> The only reason I thought this could not be worked out was that 
>> probably it would be difficult to suggest this change to the 
>> generic Seamoby "Mobility Terminology" document.  But we haven't 
>> yet tried.  What do you think, is it worth trying to suggest to 
>> Seamoby to include Nested Mobile Networks in the generic "Mobility
>>  Terminology" document?
> 
> 
> Of course we tried, that was they have included some of our 
> terminology ... But we need to keep the control on this term I think,
>  so I didn't suggest this term to the J. Manner. I have suggested 
> egress interface, ingress interface, mobile router, mobile network 
> node, fixed node, mobile network, and network mobility. That's it, as
>  far as I remember.

Good editors are open to frequent exchanges with authors.  This would
allow authors to keep control of the necessary terms.

So, if your past interfacing experience with them was ok then there are
good chances that future interfacing will be the same.  Why not trying
to suggest addition to nested terms (and eventually a new NEMO section)
to Seamoby editors then?  Depending on the fruits of this new
interaction we can then try to become independent or to stick to that
Seamoby doc.

Alex



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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> [see section 5 "Specific Termino for manet", eventually they can 
>> section 6 "Specific Termino for NEMO"]
>> 
>> The only reason I thought this could not be worked out was that 
>> probably it would be difficult to suggest this change to the 
>> generic Seamoby "Mobility Terminology" document.  But we haven't 
>> yet tried.  What do you think, is it worth trying to suggest to 
>> Seamoby to include Nested Mobile Networks in the generic "Mobility
>>  Terminology" document?
> 
> 
> Of course we tried, that was they have included some of our 
> terminology ... But we need to keep the control on this term I think,
>  so I didn't suggest this term to the J. Manner. I have suggested 
> egress interface, ingress interface, mobile router, mobile network 
> node, fixed node, mobile network, and network mobility. That's it, as
>  far as I remember.

Good editors are open to frequent exchanges with authors.  This would
allow authors to keep control of the necessary terms.

So, if your past interfacing experience with them was ok then there are
good chances that future interfacing will be the same.  Why not trying
to suggest addition to nested terms (and eventually a new NEMO section)
to Seamoby editors then?  Depending on the fruits of this new
interaction we can then try to become independent or to stick to that
Seamoby doc.

Alex



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed May 14 09:04:56 2003
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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> Good editors are open to frequent exchanges with authors.  This would
> allow authors to keep control of the necessary terms.
> 
> So, if your past interfacing experience with them was ok then there are
> good chances that future interfacing will be the same.  Why not trying
> to suggest addition to nested terms (and eventually a new NEMO section)
> to Seamoby editors then?  Depending on the fruits of this new
> interaction we can then try to become independent or to stick to that
> Seamoby doc.

Because the Seamoby doc is already in the IESG hands.

I don't see your point.

Thierry


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Date: Wed, 14 May 2003 22:04:05 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
Cc: nemo@ietf.org, tj@kniveton.com
Subject: Re: [nemo] Document Updates
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> Good editors are open to frequent exchanges with authors.  This would
> allow authors to keep control of the necessary terms.
> 
> So, if your past interfacing experience with them was ok then there are
> good chances that future interfacing will be the same.  Why not trying
> to suggest addition to nested terms (and eventually a new NEMO section)
> to Seamoby editors then?  Depending on the fruits of this new
> interaction we can then try to become independent or to stick to that
> Seamoby doc.

Because the Seamoby doc is already in the IESG hands.

I don't see your point.

Thierry



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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> Good editors are open to frequent exchanges with authors.  This 
>> would allow authors to keep control of the necessary terms.
>> 
>> So, if your past interfacing experience with them was ok then there
>>  are good chances that future interfacing will be the same.  Why 
>> not trying to suggest addition to nested terms (and eventually a 
>> new NEMO section) to Seamoby editors then?  Depending on the fruits
>>  of this new interaction we can then try to become independent or 
>> to stick to that Seamoby doc.
> 
> 
> Because the Seamoby doc is already in the IESG hands.

I didn't know that.  I'm certainly not as accustomed to the right
procedure as you are.  I doubt though that "being in the
IESG" hands is an end of the story for any document.  Mobile IP went
through three revisiouns until now (rfc numbers I mean).

If by any chance the IESG turns back a comment on lack of some
mobility-related terms, maybe we should jump on that opportunity
and add "nested mobile networks" to it, what do you think?

> I don't see your point.

Sorry, must be because I don't have that clear view of procedure and
advancing of various documents.

Alex




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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> Good editors are open to frequent exchanges with authors.  This 
>> would allow authors to keep control of the necessary terms.
>> 
>> So, if your past interfacing experience with them was ok then there
>>  are good chances that future interfacing will be the same.  Why 
>> not trying to suggest addition to nested terms (and eventually a 
>> new NEMO section) to Seamoby editors then?  Depending on the fruits
>>  of this new interaction we can then try to become independent or 
>> to stick to that Seamoby doc.
> 
> 
> Because the Seamoby doc is already in the IESG hands.

I didn't know that.  I'm certainly not as accustomed to the right
procedure as you are.  I doubt though that "being in the
IESG" hands is an end of the story for any document.  Mobile IP went
through three revisiouns until now (rfc numbers I mean).

If by any chance the IESG turns back a comment on lack of some
mobility-related terms, maybe we should jump on that opportunity
and add "nested mobile networks" to it, what do you think?

> I don't see your point.

Sorry, must be because I don't have that clear view of procedure and
advancing of various documents.

Alex




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu May 15 03:42:56 2003
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From: atq atiq <atq111@yahoo.com>
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dear,
As a new in this nemo field, i need some supportive documents to
designing 'route optimization' of nemo.

Pls. let me know regarding this.

Thanks for ur help in advance.


Atq

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo.
http://search.yahoo.com


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From: atq atiq <atq111@yahoo.com>
To: nemo@nal.motlabs.com
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dear,
As a new in this nemo field, i need some supportive documents to
designing 'route optimization' of nemo.

Pls. let me know regarding this.

Thanks for ur help in advance.


Atq

__________________________________
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The New Yahoo! Search - Faster. Easier. Bingo.
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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu May 15 04:49:36 2003
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Date: Thu, 15 May 2003 17:48:38 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo@ietf.org
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Organization: Keio University
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Deal all,

I have just sent a new version of both the requirement draft and the
terminology draft. Before they shows on the IETF web site, you can take
a look at them on the NEMO web page http://www.nal.motlabs.com/nemo/


The Requirement draft:
- was brushed up according to last IETF meeting comments
- I have included personal notes in Section 5. Some requirements are  
  subject to be removed from the document, but we need to discuss it on 
  the mailing list. Based on discussion, I would like to update the
  document again before the next Vienna meeting.
- for changes, refer to the "Changes" section

The Terminology draft:
- was moved from personal document to NEMO WG group document
- I remove text redundant with the requirement draft
- some terms have been moved to the "Mobility Terminology" i-d in
  Seamoby WG
- the multi-homing section was particularly enhanced. Please check
- for changes, refer to the "Changes" section

 
Thierry.


From mailnull@www1.ietf.org  Thu May 15 04:50:18 2003
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Date: Thu, 15 May 2003 17:48:38 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo@ietf.org
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Deal all,

I have just sent a new version of both the requirement draft and the
terminology draft. Before they shows on the IETF web site, you can take
a look at them on the NEMO web page http://www.nal.motlabs.com/nemo/


The Requirement draft:
- was brushed up according to last IETF meeting comments
- I have included personal notes in Section 5. Some requirements are  
  subject to be removed from the document, but we need to discuss it on 
  the mailing list. Based on discussion, I would like to update the
  document again before the next Vienna meeting.
- for changes, refer to the "Changes" section

The Terminology draft:
- was moved from personal document to NEMO WG group document
- I remove text redundant with the requirement draft
- some terms have been moved to the "Mobility Terminology" i-d in
  Seamoby WG
- the multi-homing section was particularly enhanced. Please check
- for changes, refer to the "Changes" section

 
Thierry.



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu May 15 04:53:21 2003
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Date: Thu, 15 May 2003 10:54:57 +0200
From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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atq atiq wrote:
> dear, As a new in this nemo field, i need some supportive documents
> to designing 'route optimization' of nemo.

Hi Atq.  One can think of RO for mobile networks.  Maybe a good starting
point is to get a good insight for RO for mobile hosts as defined by
Mobile IPv6 draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-21.txt.

[admin note: please subscribe to the list in order for your posts to
  show on the list; otherwise hey are held until manual approval,
  being initially equated to 'spam']

Alex



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atq atiq wrote:
> dear, As a new in this nemo field, i need some supportive documents
> to designing 'route optimization' of nemo.

Hi Atq.  One can think of RO for mobile networks.  Maybe a good starting
point is to get a good insight for RO for mobile hosts as defined by
Mobile IPv6 draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-21.txt.

[admin note: please subscribe to the list in order for your posts to
  show on the list; otherwise hey are held until manual approval,
  being initially equated to 'spam']

Alex



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri May 16 07:00:27 2003
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Subject: Re: [nemo] guide me
Date: Fri, 16 May 2003 11:57:38 +0100
Message-ID: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D9C2675C@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com>
Thread-Topic: [nemo] guide me
Thread-Index: AcMav+ltjaDpE6RfTlmQKCwdLaWPJQA2f0KQ
From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Alexandru Petrescu" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>,
        "atq atiq" <atq111@yahoo.com>
Cc: <nemo@nal.motlabs.com>
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You may also look at
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-00.tx
t 
I need to update it...

Pascal

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alexandru Petrescu [mailto:petrescu@nal.motlabs.com] 
> Sent: jeudi 15 mai 2003 10:55
> To: atq atiq
> Cc: nemo@nal.motlabs.com
> Subject: Re: [nemo] guide me
> 
> 
> atq atiq wrote:
> > dear, As a new in this nemo field, i need some supportive 
> documents to 
> > designing 'route optimization' of nemo.
> 
> Hi Atq.  One can think of RO for mobile networks.  Maybe a 
> good starting point is to get a good insight for RO for 
> mobile hosts as defined by Mobile IPv6 
> draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-21.txt.
> 
> [admin note: please subscribe to the list in order for your posts to
>   show on the list; otherwise hey are held until manual approval,
>   being initially equated to 'spam']
> 
> Alex
> 
> 


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Subject: Re: [nemo] guide me
Date: Fri, 16 May 2003 11:57:38 +0100
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Alexandru Petrescu" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>,
        "atq atiq" <atq111@yahoo.com>
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You may also look at
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-00.tx
t 
I need to update it...

Pascal

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alexandru Petrescu [mailto:petrescu@nal.motlabs.com] 
> Sent: jeudi 15 mai 2003 10:55
> To: atq atiq
> Cc: nemo@nal.motlabs.com
> Subject: Re: [nemo] guide me
> 
> 
> atq atiq wrote:
> > dear, As a new in this nemo field, i need some supportive 
> documents to 
> > designing 'route optimization' of nemo.
> 
> Hi Atq.  One can think of RO for mobile networks.  Maybe a 
> good starting point is to get a good insight for RO for 
> mobile hosts as defined by Mobile IPv6 
> draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-21.txt.
> 
> [admin note: please subscribe to the list in order for your posts to
>   show on the list; otherwise hey are held until manual approval,
>   being initially equated to 'spam']
> 
> Alex
> 
> 



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Network Mobility Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
	Author(s)	: T. Ernst
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
	Pages		: 13
	Date		: 2003-5-15
	
Network mobility arises when a router connecting an entire network to
the Internet dynamically changes its point of attachment to the
Internet therefrom causing the reachability of the entire network to
be changed in the topology. Such kind of network is referred to as a
mobile network. Without appropriate mechanisms, sessions established
between nodes in the mobile network and the global Internet cannot be
maintained while the mobile router changes its point of attachment.
The required support mechanisms will be provided in two phases. The
first phase, referred to as NEMO Basic Support is to provide session
continuity while the necessary optimizations mechanims referred to as
NEMO Extended Support might be provided later. This document outlines
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Network Mobility Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
	Author(s)	: T. Ernst
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
	Pages		: 13
	Date		: 2003-5-15
	
Network mobility arises when a router connecting an entire network to
the Internet dynamically changes its point of attachment to the
Internet therefrom causing the reachability of the entire network to
be changed in the topology. Such kind of network is referred to as a
mobile network. Without appropriate mechanisms, sessions established
between nodes in the mobile network and the global Internet cannot be
maintained while the mobile router changes its point of attachment.
The required support mechanisms will be provided in two phases. The
first phase, referred to as NEMO Basic Support is to provide session
continuity while the necessary optimizations mechanims referred to as
NEMO Extended Support might be provided later. This document outlines
the goals expected from network mobility support and defines the
requirements that must be met by NEMO Basic Support solutions.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon May 19 06:15:09 2003
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This draft is a work item of the Network Mobility Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Network Mobility Support Terminology
	Author(s)	: T. Ernst, H. Lach
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
	Pages		: 19
	Date		: 2003-5-16
	
This document defines a terminology for discussing network mobility
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Network Mobility Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Network Mobility Support Terminology
	Author(s)	: T. Ernst, H. Lach
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
	Pages		: 19
	Date		: 2003-5-16
	
This document defines a terminology for discussing network mobility
problems and solution requirements. Network mobility arises when a
router connecting an entire network to the Internet dynamically
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reachability of the entire network to be changed in the topology.
Such kind of network is referred to as a mobile network. Without
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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
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Hi again Chan Wah and Julien:

I'm back from vacations :)

I looked again at the w you introduced. Now I'm a bit confused. My
initial statement on April 24th was x is for multiple parallel careOfs
and y is for multiple egress routers. It seems my x is your w=0 and my y
is your w=1. I subdivided x in 2 cases, and y too. Note that I insisted
in saying that whether a MR has one or more egress interface should not
be important in the protocol and that we should make the assumption that
there are multiple interfaces, as we are talking about Mobile Routers.

In other words it seems to me that the w is not too useful... For me,
the problems are still the 4 I listed before. If I'm missing something,
sorry about that :)

Let me describe further the problems I see, x cases, Tarzan and JetSet
and y cases, Shinkansen and doublebed: 

Tarzan: One MR building and registering (to same HA) several CareOf in
order to maintain connectivity while moving is a MH(x=0)

The Tarzan problem is the introduction of multiple CareOfs registered in
parallel. This breaks the MIP paradigm. Whether they are on a single or
multiple interfaces of the MR may not ne important, but I expect that
they'll be on different access routers. Anyway, this introduces the load
balancing / high availability problem in both directions. I understand
that FMIP has already studied this some. Maybe we can start from there.

JetSet: one MR that registers its prefix to Paris and New York at the
same time in order to optimize routing is a MH(x=1)

The JetSet is the case where the multiple CareOfs are not registered to
the same HA. The HAs may be far away from each other. The JetSet problem
is the collaboration of the HAs in order to accept multiple
registrations, and the selection by the MR of the best via-HA to the
correspondent. Correlated problem is to get the packets onto the active
tuunels on the HA side. This is the problem for which I pointed out that
a dynamic routing over the MRHA is needed, including for me whatever
causes the MNP prefix to be injected in the Home AS routing protocol
while the MR is registered.

Shinkansen: A train with one prefix, one careof per MR and 2 MRs, which
is a MH(y=0).

Shinkansen is about the high availability of a prefix being registered
by 2 different MRs. The problem is to make that transparent to the MNNs,
so that if the MRHA tunnel of one MR fails, the MNNs traffic move to the
other MR. Note that if we have both routers registering the same prefix
at the same time, this is an x case too. But the second MR can be in hot
standby, in which case this is not a x case.

doubleBed: 2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media for their
mobile prefix (Erik's problem) is a MH(y=1)
Say MR1 has prefix P1 and HA1, and that MR2 has P2 via HA2. doubleBed
problem is basically to allow traffic with a careOf in P2 to flow via
MR1. This requires MR1 to accept P2 in its ingress filtering selection.
This also requires, if MR2 is down, the HA1 sends traffic for P2 over
MRHA1. In other words, MR1 has and advertises P2. Julien's case with an
intermediate router is a good one. For me, this is a case where the MN
is not a stub anymore, and should be ruled out of scope real quick. 

If you see other problems to be solved please update this discussion. I
could also help on the draft if you wish...

Pascal

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Julien Charbon [mailto:julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp] 
> Sent: jeudi 1 mai 2003 11:05
> To: nemo@nal.motlabs.com
> Cc: Pascal Thubert (pthubert)
> Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
> 
> 
> 
>   Hi Pascal, Hi all,
> 
>   first, excuse me for my second mail [1]. You can put in 
> your trash. I'm so sorry.
> 
> On Fri, 25 Apr 2003 17:00:11 +0100
> "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com> wrote:
> 
> > I like your work very much. Very useful and constructive :) 
> I hope we 
> > keep your pictures in the final taxonomy.
> 
>   Thanks you. I will try to continue as well.
> 
> > A general remark, the fact that the multiple careofs are 
> one the same 
> > interface or on different interfaces does not strike me as 
> relevant.  
> > There must be a way for the MR to sort out the available 
> careOfs and 
> > use the best one(s). The interface that provides a careOf 
> is relevant 
> > in that selection. But the protocol to the Home Agent is 
> not impacted, 
> > is it?
> 
>   Well, It depends if you have just one bi-directionnal 
> tunnel between one HA and one MR or several. But the 
> Nemo-Requirement says :
> 
>    R02: The solution MUST set up a bi-directional tunnel between
>         MR and MR's Home Agent.  ^
> 
>    R03: All traffic exchanged between a MNN and a CN in the global
>         Internet MUST transit through the bidirectional tunnel.
>                                       ^^^
> 
>   And so just ONE tunnel. Maybe this case will never be a 
> part of Nemo Basic Support. Conclusion: You are right.
> 
>   But Thierry said me the case with several tunnels is not 
> exclude in Nemo Basic Support, and that could exist a kind of 
> modularity to manage this case.
> 
> > >   So for the Tarzan you can have:
> > >
> > >    - One multi-addressed MR.
> > >
> > >                AR2 [P2]
> > >     _           _   _____
> > >    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
> > >     _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |-|        _
> > >    |_|-|     |-|_|-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
> > >                            |-|_|-|
> > >                                  |
> > >                AR1 [P1]
> > >
> > >    MNNs   MR        Internet  AR    HA
> > >
> > >
> > >    - One "Multi-egress-interfaced" MR.
> > >                     _____
> > >     _           _  |     |
> > >    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
> > >     _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
> > >    |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
> > >                                  |
> > >
> > >    MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> > >
> > >
> > >   - Two MR in multi-site case.
> > >
> > >           P
> > >          --->
> > >           _         _____
> > >     _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |
> > >    |_|-|     |-|_|-|     |-|        _
> > >     _  |     |     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
> > >    |_|-|  _  |             |-|_|-|
> > >        |-|_|-|                   |
> > >
> > >          --->
> > >           P
> > >
> > >    MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> >
> > Yes, they are all Tarzan. The most typical in my mind is: Note that 
> > the [=] sign is extended to mean 'may or may not be the same 
> > interface'
> >
> >                 AR2 [P2]
> >      _           _   _____
> >     |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
> >      _  |-|_|=   _  |     |-|        _
> >     |_|-|     |-|_|-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
> >                             |-|_|-|
> >                                   |
> >                 AR1 [P1]
> >
> >     MNNs   MR        Internet  AR    HA
> >
> 
>   I see. Now this part is clear for me.
> 
> 
>   In the same way and to clean my Shinkansen & DoubleBed graphicals:
> 
>     - In the previous graphicals and in my mind it was:
> 
>         P1
>        --->
> 
>       The Mobile Network Prefix which is in Prefix Binding
>       Update. [Too complex to understand in my graphics]
> 
>     - Now it is:
> 
>         P1
>       <---
> 
>       The Mobile Network Prefix announced in the Mobile Network by the
>       Mobile Router.
> 
>     - The term Egress Router not exist in Nemo-Terminology. Mobile
>       Router is enough:
> 
>         The MR has one or more egress interface(s) and one or more
>         ingress interface(s).
> 
>   And so:
> 
>   o Shinkansen:
> 
>     [Single Mobile Network Prefix announced by Mobile Routers in the
>      Mobile Network]
> 
>    Example with two Egress Routers.
> 
>           P
>         <----
> 
>          MR2
>           _  |
>     _  |-|_|-|  _____
>    |_|-|     |-|     |
>     _  |       |     |-|        _
>    |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>        |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
>              |               |
>    MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA
> 
>         <----
>           P
> 
>   o DoubleBed:
> 
>     [Multiple Mobile Network Prefix announced by Mobile Router in
>      the Mobile Network]
> 
>    Example with two Egress Routers.
> 
>           P2
>         <----
> 
>          MR2
>           _  |
>     _  |-|_|-|  _____
>    |_|-|     |-|     |
>     _  |       |     |-|        _
>    |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>        |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
>              |               |
>    MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA
> 
>         <----
>           P1
> 
>    Example with one Egress Router. [Rarely used but... It exists]
> 
> 
>           P2        _____
>     _   <---    _  |     |
>    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
>     _  |-|_|-|     |_____|-|        _
>    |_|-|     |             |  _  |-|_|
>         <---               |-|_|-|
>           P1                     |
> 
> 
>    MNNs  MR    AR  Internet  AR     HA2
> 
>  [This example is maybe not a good one because the MR have two
>   Ingress Addresses and so the Nemo protocol must deal with]  
> [Maybe too particular]
> 
> > >    In all this examples the HA will have two CoAs for the same 
> > > prefix in one HA. According with your definition they are Tarzan 
> > > cases.
> >
> > Shinkansen and doubleBed are Tarzans by definition.
> 
>   Aarrgh ! My comprehension ! Example :
> 
>   [HAx is the Home Agent for the MRx Mobile Router]
> 
>           P              AR    HA1
>         <---
>          MR1              _  |
>           _  |         |-|_|-|  _
>     _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_|
>    |_|-|     |-|     |-|
>     _  |       |     |
>    |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
>        |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_|
>              |         |-|_|-|
>                              |
>    MNNs  MR2   Internet
>         <---
>           P              AR     HA2
> 
> 
>   This case is Shinkansen:
>   [The same Mobile Network Prefix is advertise to the MNNs]
> 
>   But a JetSet case too: [Not a Tarzan case]
>   [Multiple HAs for CoAs of a same Mobile Network Prefix]
> 
>   But it is just a detail.
> 
> > > > Any IPv6 node may build multiple global addresses. Long 
> as we do 
> > > > not register several CareOfs at the same time, it's not a Nemo 
> > > > issue, it's a standard feature.
> > >
> > >  I just add a remark :
> > >
> > >     - Example with one MR multi-addressed.
> > >
> > >                AR2 [P2]
> > >     _           _   _____
> > >    |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |
> > >     _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |-|        _
> > >    |_|-|     |-|_|-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
> > >                            |-|_|-|
> > >                                  |
> > >                AR1 [P1]
> > >
> > >    MNNs   MR        Internet  AR    HA
> > >
> > >   P1/P2: Differents IPv6 /64 Prefix.
> > >
> > >   And of course Ingress Filtering is made on AR1 and AR2.
> > >
> > >   So the MR may have this two IPv6 global address :
> > >
> > >    P2:EUI-64-MR and P1:EUI-64-MR
> > >
> > >   If the bi-directional tunnel between the MR and the HA pass 
> > > through AR2 and if AR2 is destroyed by Tarzan anger [the 
> real one] 
> > > and so its reachability to the Internet lost, how the 
> NEMO mechanism 
> > > should deal with this case ?
> > >   So I think Multi-Addressed Multi-Homing is an important case in 
> > > NEMO, not just a standard fearture. [But maybe I'm wrong]. Also 
> > > maybe it will be resolve by the same mechanism in NEMO, 
> so I put it 
> > > with the Multi-Interfaced case.
> >
> > Reread me well: I meant that if you register only one CareOf at a 
> > given point of time, it is a standard MIP flows. If a MIP MN sees 2 
> > ARs on a link, it can build 2 careOfs, but can only bind 
> the primary. 
> > If the primary careOf fails to bind, or times out rebinding, a 
> > standard MIP MN should go try the next available careOf. 
> That process 
> > is not necessarily described in MIPv6, but should it?
> 
>   With this explanation, is clear for me now [again]. And 
> effectively is a standard issue for an Ipv6 Mobile Node. [In 
> my mind it was for all Ipv6 Node].
> 
> > Now, if you have 2 concurent tunnels, it is a whole new 
> problem, to be 
> > designed :) . The HA may try to load balance over the 2 
> tunnels, and 
> > if one dies, we must make sure the HA knows quite fast. For 
> instance 
> > by encapsulating over TCP or SCTP. Anyway, it's one of the good 
> > problems to resolve if we want multiple careOfs.
> 
>   Yes. Now the fact is to know if it is a required feature in 
> Nemo Basic Support or is for Nemo Next Generation.
> 
> <nemo-multi-homing>
> 
>   But I think the management of Multiple CoAs per Network 
> Prefix may provide to Nemo some interesting Multi-Homing 
> benefits like :
> 
>   o Fault-Tolerance/Redundancy.
>   o Load-Sharing.
>   o Policy Management.
> 
>   And it is possible to deploy because [in Nemo Basic 
> Support] all traffic past in tunnel(s) between HA(s) and 
> MR(s) and so the traffic in this tunnel can be policed as you 
> wish. [You don't touch at Correspondant Node Mobile Ipv6 Stack].
> 
>   In Mobile Ipv6 is harder to realize/deploy.
> 
>   But I don't forget the Pandora's box style of Multi-Homing.
> 
> </nemo-multi-homing>
> 
> > Multihoming is not trivial, we'll have to decide whether to 
> amend the 
> > requirements draft for basic about that.
> 
>   So Nemo Basic Support can support only the Redundancy 
> Multi-Homing benefit; or more benefits [Load-Sharing, Policy] 
> and become more complex. [Too complex for a Basic Support ?]
> 
>   Maybe the design team have a begin of answer.
> 
> > > > Comments anyone?
> > >
> > >   I think you have found the good discrimants to classify the 
> > > Multi-Homing in NEMO. So I have just read the Chan Wah Ng's mail 
> > > [2], and just by taking again his classification and ours :
> > >
> > >  And I obtain (w, x, y) :
> > >
> > >   with
> > >
> > >   w: 0: A Mobile Router have more than one Global IPv6 Address.
> > >         OR a Mobile Router have more than one Interface.
> > >      1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.
> > >
> > I expect that in any case you imply that multiple CareOfs are 
> > registered in parallel, right?
> 
>   Yes, I think you are right [again]. Now I understand your 
> proposition with "only" four classes of problem.
> 
> > >   x: 0: There is single HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
> > >      1: There is muliple HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
> > >
> >
> > I meant mobile prefixes, no the prefix that the careOf is 
> built upon. 
> > I'm sure you mean that too?
> 
>   Yes, I rewrite sharper:
> 
>    x: 0: There is single HA for CoAs of a same Mobile Network Prefix.
>       1: There are muliple HA for CoAs of a same Mobile 
> Network Prefix.
> 
> > >   y: 0: A single Prefix is announced by Egress Router(s).
> > >      1: Muliple Prefix are announced by Egress Router(s).
> >
> > I meant present on INGRESS; see the discussion with Hesham; 
> is this a 
> > typo or is there a misunderstanding between us?
> 
>   Yes, this definition provide misunderstanding, I rewrite :
> 
>   y: 0: A single Mobile Network Prefix is announced by Mobile 
> Router(s).
>      1: Muliple Mobile Network Prefix are announced by Mobile 
> Router(s).
> 
>   or the Chan Wah Ng's one is better [more general]:
> 
>   y: 0: A single prefix is advertise to the MNNs
>      1: More than one prefices is advertised to the MNNs
> 
>   or maybe your definition is more understandable and the good one:
> 
>   y: 0: Same Mobile Network Prefix for Mobile Router of the same link.
>      1: Differents Mobile Network Prefix for Mobile Router of 
> the same link.
> 
>   or I really misunderstand. [It is an another possibility]
> 
>   So an interresting case to clear this point :
> 
>      _     p1 MR1                   AR1   HA1
>     |_|-| <--_     ISP1 ________
>      _  |---|_|--------|        | |        _
>     |_|-|              |        |-|  _  |-|_|
>          \ <--         |        | |-|_|-|
>   Intern  \_ p1        |        |       |
>   Router  |_|          |Internet|
>           /  p2        |        |
>      _   / <--         |        | |        _
>     |_|-|    _         |        |-|  _  |-|_|
>      _  |---|_|--------|________| |-|_|-|
>     |_|-| <--      ISP2         ISP3    |
>            p2 MR2
>    MNN                              AR2   HA2
> 
>   This case is a DoubleBed case because if the ISP1 link fail 
> the problem is:
> 
>   How past the p1 prefix's packets through the MR2_HA2 tunnel 
> then through the AR2 link with the Cerberus Ingress Filtering 
> made by ISP3.
> 
>   [An example of solution is in [2] [Section 3.2.2., Using 
> Alternate Mobile Router]]
> 
>   So my preferred definition is the Chan Wah Ng's one:
> 
>   y: 0: A single prefix is advertise to the MNNs
>      1: More than one prefices is advertised to the MNNs
> 
> > I do agree with your vision. My view is a summarization to focus on 
> > where the problems are in my own view. We may start your standpoint 
> > and see what are the meaningful case between the 8 
> combinations. For 
> > instance (0,0,1) is a trivial extension of (0,0,0).
> 
>   I think you want to write :
> 
>   "For instance (1,0,0) is a trivial extension of (0,0,0)"
> 
> > Like this, we'll find my 4 problems, and other if I missed some? Do 
> > you want to pursue that way?  Pascal
> 
>   So, is it enough ?
> 
>   [Two days of reflection later...]
> 
>    So the main goal of a taxonomy is to define a class of 
> problem, name it, and permit to say after: The solution for 
> the problem <name-of-problem> is ...
> 
>   With this four classes can we say the solution for the 
> Tarzan problem is ... ? Difficult because - for example - 
> this two cases need differents solutions:
> 
>     - One "Multi-egress-interfaced" MR.
> 
>            P         _____
>      _    <--    _  |     |
>     |_|-|  _  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>      _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>     |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                   |
> 
>     MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> 
> 
>    - Two MR in multi-site case.
> 
>             P
>           <---
>            _         _____
>      _  |-|_|-|  _  |     |
>     |_|-|     |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>      _  |     |     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>     |_|-|  _  |             |-|_|-|
>         |-|_|-|                   |
> 
>           <---
>             P
> 
>     MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> 
>   And this two examples are Shinkansen too. So it is why 
> [maybe] an another level [w] would be appreciable. What is 
> your position on this specific example ?
> 
>   Well, I think you provide elsewhere the good taxonomy. 
> Thanks you for your judicious and constructives remarks.
> 
> 
>                                             -- Julien
> 
> 
> [1] http://www.nal.motlabs.com/pipermail/nemo/2003-April/000567.html
> [2] http://www.psl.com.sg/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-00.txt
> 



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple egress/homeing operations in MRTP/PSBU
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> 
> ----------
> Tarzan
> 
>   - a MR has CoA1, CoA2 and a Prefix, And there is a sigle HA.
> 
>   If a MR has 2 CoA, MR bind only the primary one.  If CoA1 is
>   primary, then MR sends BU using CoA1.
> 
>   <extension>
>   We can use same mechanism as "draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa"
>   for Load Sharing.  Please refer to [1].

Right, this is what I call Tarzan

>   </extension>
> 
> ----------
> Jet-Set
> 
>   - a MR has CoA1, CoA2 and a Prefix, And there are HA1 and HA2.
> 
>   Maybe a MR know the list of HAs by using DHAAD, and MR will decide
>   that the primary CoA to each HA. If MR decide that CoA1 is primary
>   to HA1, then MR sends BU using CoA1 to HA1. And MR decide that CoA2
>   is primary to HA2, then MR sends BU using CoA2 to HA2. May be we can
>   keep such kind of BU list.
>   

I plain MIP, the second registration should not be accepted, even on a
different HA. On top of that, we try to avoid the concept of home
network and make the HAs potentially hops away from each other.

>   If you don't have any policy to decide the primary one, it's gonna
>   be same case as source address selection, like round-robin
>   algorithm.
> 
>   <extension>
>   we can chose a primary CoA with some policy from there restriction
>   [security, access control, reachability,...].  In this case, we may
>   investigate new specification to nemo spec. For exmaple, MR has this
>   kind of policy,
> 
>   priority | high         low
>   ---------|--------------------------
>      HA1   | WirelessLAN  PDC    
>      HA2   | PDC          WirelessLAN
> 
>   When WirelessLAN and PDC are available, the primary CoA for HA1 is
>   CoA of WirelessLAN, and the primary for HA2 is CoA of PDC. When
>   WirelessLAN is down, the primary CoA for HA1 will be CoA of PDC.
>   </extension>
> 

What I have in mind is to make sure that if the MR and the correspondent
are in NY, then the MR makes sure that the HA in NY is used as opposed
to the one in Paris... For instance by using the MRHA tunnel from which
the correspondent's packets arrive to respond. 

> ----------
> Shinkansen
> 
>   - MR1 has CoA1, MR2 has CoA2 and a Prefix advertised by MR1 and
>     MR2. And there is a HA.
> 
>   Each MR register own BU to a HA. HA has two binding corresponding to
>   a Prefix. HA choose the binding by using round-robin algorism.
>   FOr example, MR1 has H@1, MR2 has H@2, then a HA has following BC.
> 
>   MIP binding cache
>     H@1 -> CoA1
>     H@2 -> CoA2
> 
>   NEMO binding cache
>     Prefix -> H@1 (use round
>     Prefix -> H@2  robin algorism)
> 
>   If a HA receive a packet destinated to example::beef. HA search
>   example::beef in NEMO binding cache at first, If found, search
>   corresponding H@ in MIP binding cache and act as NEMO HA.  If not
>   found, search example::beef in MIP binding cache and act as MIP HA.
> 
>   <extension>
>   One idea of Load Sharing, a HA has the policy to decide which MR is
>   higher. Maybe a operator of HA set the priority statically, like MR1
>   is higher than MR2.
> 
>   If users/owner of MR want to decide the priority statically, users
>   can put the policy to each MR, and MRs can send BU with the
>   priority. 
> 
>   If you act it dynamically, we need more concerns ;-)
>   </extension>
> 
> 
> ----------
> Double-bed
> 
>   - MR1 has CoA1 and advertise Prefix1, MR2 has CoA2 and advertise
>     Prefix2. And there is a HA.
> 
>   Each MR register own BU to a HA. HA has two binding Prefix1->CoA1
>   and Prefix2->CoA2. MNNs act source address selection.
> 
> 
> [1] http://www.nal.motlabs.com/pipermail/nemo/2003-April/000575.html
> 
> 
> thanks,
> Koshiro
> 



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
From: Chan-Wah Ng <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Pascal "Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Cc: Julien Charbon <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hello Pascal, and Julien

On Mon, 2003-05-19 at 21:14, Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
> Hi again Chan Wah and Julien:
> 
> I'm back from vacations :)
> 
Welcome back.

> I looked again at the w you introduced. Now I'm a bit confused. My
> initial statement on April 24th was x is for multiple parallel careOfs
> and y is for multiple egress routers. It seems my x is your w=0 and my y
> is your w=1. I subdivided x in 2 cases, and y too. Note that I insisted
> in saying that whether a MR has one or more egress interface should not
> be important in the protocol and that we should make the assumption that
> there are multiple interfaces, as we are talking about Mobile Routers.

I agree it is not important how many egress interfaces a mobile router
has.  That's not what 'w' is.  'w' is used to differentiate between
whether there is a single mobile router or multiple mobile routers in
the mobile network.

> 
> In other words it seems to me that the w is not too useful... For me,
> the problems are still the 4 I listed before. If I'm missing something,
> sorry about that :)

You may have misunderstood 'w'. See if you still think there is no
difference whether there is a single MR or there is multiple MR.

> 
> Let me describe further the problems I see, x cases, Tarzan and JetSet
> and y cases, Shinkansen and doublebed: 
> 
> Tarzan: One MR building and registering (to same HA) several CareOf in
> order to maintain connectivity while moving is a MH(x=0)

I interpret x=0 as a single HA.  

> 
> The Tarzan problem is the introduction of multiple CareOfs registered in
> parallel. This breaks the MIP paradigm. Whether they are on a single or
> multiple interfaces of the MR may not ne important, but I expect that
> they'll be on different access routers. Anyway, this introduces the load
> balancing / high availability problem in both directions. I understand
> that FMIP has already studied this some. Maybe we can start from there.
> 
> JetSet: one MR that registers its prefix to Paris and New York at the
> same time in order to optimize routing is a MH(x=1)
> 
I interpret x=1 as two or more HA.

> The JetSet is the case where the multiple CareOfs are not registered to
> the same HA. The HAs may be far away from each other. The JetSet problem
> is the collaboration of the HAs in order to accept multiple
> registrations, and the selection by the MR of the best via-HA to the
> correspondent. Correlated problem is to get the packets onto the active
> tuunels on the HA side. This is the problem for which I pointed out that
> a dynamic routing over the MRHA is needed, including for me whatever
> causes the MNP prefix to be injected in the Home AS routing protocol
> while the MR is registered.
> 
> Shinkansen: A train with one prefix, one careof per MR and 2 MRs, which
> is a MH(y=0).
> 
I interpret y=0 as a single prefix advertised to MNNs.  The way you
define it, it will be a (w=1,x=*,y=0) under Julien and my
classifications.

> Shinkansen is about the high availability of a prefix being registered
> by 2 different MRs. The problem is to make that transparent to the MNNs,
> so that if the MRHA tunnel of one MR fails, the MNNs traffic move to the
> other MR. Note that if we have both routers registering the same prefix
> at the same time, this is an x case too. But the second MR can be in hot
> standby, in which case this is not a x case.
> 
> doubleBed: 2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media for their
> mobile prefix (Erik's problem) is a MH(y=1)

I interpret y=1 as a multiple prefix advertised to MNNs. The way you
define it, it will be a (w=1,x=*,y=1) under Julien and my
classifications.


> Say MR1 has prefix P1 and HA1, and that MR2 has P2 via HA2. doubleBed
> problem is basically to allow traffic with a careOf in P2 to flow via
> MR1. This requires MR1 to accept P2 in its ingress filtering selection.
> This also requires, if MR2 is down, the HA1 sends traffic for P2 over
> MRHA1. In other words, MR1 has and advertises P2. Julien's case with an
> intermediate router is a good one. For me, this is a case where the MN
> is not a stub anymore, and should be ruled out of scope real quick. 
> 
> If you see other problems to be solved please update this discussion. I
> could also help on the draft if you wish...

We will have agree on each others taxonomy first ...  I admit that our 8
classifications may be a bit overkill, and some of them may turn out to
trivial.  But IMHO, a draft should be there to document such a deduction
of triviality and the draft Julien and I are co-authoring is exactly to
do this.

In trying to merge our classifications, I way I see it is this:

Tarzan is (w=0,x=0,y=*)
JetSet is (w=0,x=1,y=*)
Shinkansen is (w=1,x=*,y=0)
Doublebed is (w=1,x=*,y=1)

By the way, on careful inspection of your definitions, your x and y are
not orthogonal but mutually exclusive, since Tarzan and JetSet specifies
(one MR) and Shinkasen and Doublebed specifies 2 MRs.

/rgds
/cwng



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Chan-Wah Ng" <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Cc: "Julien Charbon" <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, "IETF NEMO WG" <nemo@ietf.org>
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> 
> I agree it is not important how many egress interfaces a 
> mobile router has.  That's not what 'w' is.  'w' is used to 
> differentiate between whether there is a single mobile router 
> or multiple mobile routers in the mobile network.
> 
> > 
> > In other words it seems to me that the w is not too 
> useful... For me, 
> > the problems are still the 4 I listed before. If I'm missing 
> > something, sorry about that :)
> 
> You may have misunderstood 'w'. See if you still think there 
> is no difference whether there is a single MR or there is multiple MR.
> 

I call an x case what Julien refers to as w=0 (as opposed as you). And I
call a y case what both of you call w=1. 
Quoting "
 And I obtain (w, x, y) :

  with

  w: 0: A Mobile Router have more than one Global IPv6 Address.
        OR a Mobile Router have more than one Interface.
     1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.

  x: 0: There is single HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
     1: There is muliple HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.

  y: 0: A single Prefix is announced by Egress Router(s).
     1: Muliple Prefix are announced by Egress Router(s).
"

I think Julien is better with his w=0, if he removes   "OR a Mobile
Router have more than one Interface". But then the problems for w=0 and
w=1 are not exclusive (as I'll detail further, read on). So w is just
misleading. I think it brings nothing and should be dropped.

> > 
> > Let me describe further the problems I see, x cases, Tarzan 
> and JetSet 
> > and y cases, Shinkansen and doublebed:
> > 
> > Tarzan: One MR building and registering (to same HA) 
> several CareOf in 
> > order to maintain connectivity while moving is a MH(x=0)
> 
> I interpret x=0 as a single HA.  

Yes, and it's an x meaning multiple careOf active in parallel.

> 
> > 
> > The Tarzan problem is the introduction of multiple CareOfs 
> registered 
> > in parallel. This breaks the MIP paradigm. Whether they are on a 
> > single or multiple interfaces of the MR may not ne important, but I 
> > expect that they'll be on different access routers. Anyway, this 
> > introduces the load balancing / high availability problem in both 
> > directions. I understand that FMIP has already studied this some. 
> > Maybe we can start from there.
> > 
> > JetSet: one MR that registers its prefix to Paris and New 
> York at the 
> > same time in order to optimize routing is a MH(x=1)
> > 
> I interpret x=1 as two or more HA.
> 
> > The JetSet is the case where the multiple CareOfs are not 
> registered 
> > to the same HA. The HAs may be far away from each other. The JetSet 
> > problem is the collaboration of the HAs in order to accept multiple 
> > registrations, and the selection by the MR of the best 
> via-HA to the 
> > correspondent. Correlated problem is to get the packets onto the 
> > active tuunels on the HA side. This is the problem for 
> which I pointed 
> > out that a dynamic routing over the MRHA is needed, 
> including for me 
> > whatever causes the MNP prefix to be injected in the Home 
> AS routing 
> > protocol while the MR is registered.
> > 
> > Shinkansen: A train with one prefix, one careof per MR and 2 MRs, 
> > which is a MH(y=0).
> > 
> I interpret y=0 as a single prefix advertised to MNNs.  The 
> way you define it, it will be a (w=1,x=*,y=0) under Julien 
> and my classifications.

It may not be an x at all if one MR does not actually register (hot
stand by). This is not the problem addressed.
But for most practical cases, yes.

> 
> > Shinkansen is about the high availability of a prefix being 
> registered 
> > by 2 different MRs. The problem is to make that transparent to the 
> > MNNs, so that if the MRHA tunnel of one MR fails, the MNNs traffic 
> > move to the other MR. Note that if we have both routers registering 
> > the same prefix at the same time, this is an x case too. But the 
> > second MR can be in hot standby, in which case this is not a x case.
> > 
> > doubleBed: 2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media 
> for their 
> > mobile prefix (Erik's problem) is a MH(y=1)
> 
> I interpret y=1 as a multiple prefix advertised to MNNs. The 
> way you define it, it will be a (w=1,x=*,y=1) under Julien 
> and my classifications.
> 
> 

Again, it may not be an x. But for most practical cases, yes.

> > Say MR1 has prefix P1 and HA1, and that MR2 has P2 via HA2. 
> doubleBed 
> > problem is basically to allow traffic with a careOf in P2 
> to flow via 
> > MR1. This requires MR1 to accept P2 in its ingress filtering 
> > selection. This also requires, if MR2 is down, the HA1 
> sends traffic 
> > for P2 over MRHA1. In other words, MR1 has and advertises 
> P2. Julien's 
> > case with an intermediate router is a good one. For me, 
> this is a case 
> > where the MN is not a stub anymore, and should be ruled out 
> of scope 
> > real quick.
> > 
> > If you see other problems to be solved please update this 
> discussion. 
> > I could also help on the draft if you wish...
> 
> We will have agree on each others taxonomy first ...  I admit 
> that our 8 classifications may be a bit overkill, and some of 
> them may turn out to trivial.  But IMHO, a draft should be 
> there to document such a deduction of triviality and the 
> draft Julien and I are co-authoring is exactly to do this.
> 

There is a difference between trivial and irrelevant...

> In trying to merge our classifications, I way I see it is this:
> 
> Tarzan is (w=0,x=0,y=*)
> JetSet is (w=0,x=1,y=*)
> Shinkansen is (w=1,x=*,y=0)
> Doublebed is (w=1,x=*,y=1)
> 

No. According to Julien's definition:

Tarzan is (w=0,x=0)     	whether there's a y at all does not
change the problem addressed here
JetSet is (w=0,x=1)
Shinkansen is (w=1,y=0)
Doublebed is (w=1,y=1)


You are in multihoming if you are either x, y or both. In your Julien's
terms, for w=0 or w=1. Both w values can be split in 2 subcases, ending
up with my list. Look at your cases... For instance, what is (w=0, x=0,
y=*)?


> By the way, on careful inspection of your definitions, your x 
> and y are not orthogonal but mutually exclusive, since Tarzan 
> and JetSet specifies (one MR) and Shinkasen and Doublebed 
> specifies 2 MRs.
> 

No. They are defining problems that are orthogonal and should be
addressed separately. I just expressed the 4 problems in the mail you
answer to, please read that much carefully, and feel free to improve it
for what's missing or unclear.

Let's illustrate what I mean by orthogonal: for instance, you have the
Tarzan problem in a train with 2 MRs and one prefix, where both MR
attach to the same HA.That Tarzan problem should still be handled the
Tarzan way, even though there are 2 MRs. The fact that there are 2 MRs
causes that there is the Shinkansen problem to solve as well, and that
it should be solved the Shinkansen way, regardless of the fact that
there are 2 CareOfs in parallel, which has already been solved by
Tarzan. 

Is that a bit clearer now? If not, please enumarate your 8 possibilities
and tell me the 8 specific problems you have to solve, the way I just
expressed the 4 that I understand... Maybe it will help. I think you are
still configuration minded at this point... There are many many of them,
but not as many problems, hopefully.

Pascal



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3rd International Conference on Networking (ICN'04)
March 1-4, 2004  Pointe-=E0-Pitre,
Guadeloupe, French Caribbean

http://conf.uha.fr/ICN04.html


GENERAL INFORMATION
The 2004 International Conference on Networking (ICN'04) is sponsored by=20
IEEE/Comsoc CSIM committee, IEEE/Computer and by IEE. ICN'04 is organized=20
by academic, research and industrial societies will be held from Monday=20
March 1, 2004 to Thursday March 4, 2004.
In order to encourage closer interaction between academic and industrial=20
networking research communities, we solicit both academic research papers=20
and industrial contributions. The 3rd edition of ICN will be held in=20
Pointe-=E0-Pitre, Guadeloupe. ICN 2004 will offer tutorials, plenary=20
sessions, poster sessions, panels and exhibition opportunities.

TOPICS OF SPECIAL INTEREST
Topics of interest include, but are not limited to the following:

Communications switching and routing
Communications modelling
Communications security
Computer communications
Multimedia and multicast communications
Next Generation Network
Network Management and control
Quality of Service
Wireless Communications (Satellite, WLL, 4G)
Voice over IP
Network, control and service architectures
Network signalling
Optical networking
Distributed communications
Traffic engineering
Telecommunication networks architectures
Performance evaluation, simulation
Mobile networking and systems
Applications and case studies
Protocol design and evaluation
MPLS, GMPLS

These topics can be discussed in term of concepts, state of the art,=20
standards, implementations, running experiments and applications.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS
Mail four papers OR E-mail preferably in PDF format your original paper (6=
=20
or 8 pages). All the manuscripts must be written in English. The top of the=
=20
first page of each paper should include the title of the paper, authors'=20
name, position, address, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail of the author=20
responsible for correspondence and a list of four keywords. The deadline=20
for submission of all extended papers is September 10, 2003 with=20
notification of acceptance by October 10, 2003. Submission of camera-ready=
=20
paper is by November 10, 2003.
Authors of accepted papers will be invited to submit full-length=20
manuscripts for inclusion in the proceedings with ISBN.
All hard copies papers should be sent to the following address:
Pascal LORENZ
University of Haute Alsace
34 rue du Grillenbreit
68008 Colmar, France
Phone: 33 (0)389202366 Fax: 33 (0)389202359 Mobile: 33 (0)632630204
E-mail: lorenz@ieee.org
Check our Web page at http://conf.uha.fr/ICN04.html for the latest=20
information concerning the conference.
Best papers will be forwarded for consideration in a special issue of a=20
journal.

TUTORIALS AND WORKSHOPS
Tutorials and workshops provide overviews of current high interest topics.=
=20
Proposals for half of full day tutorials are due by September 10, 2003.

INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
H. Abouaissa (France) - University of Haute Alsace
R. Addie (Australia) - University of Southern Queensland
K. Begain (UK) - University of Bradford
B. Bing (USA) - Georgia Institute of Technology
A. Brandwajn (USA) - University of California Santa Cruz
P. Chemouil (France)  France Telecom R&D
J.P. Coudreuse (France) - Mitsubishi
M. Devetsikiotis (USA) - North Carolina State University
S. Fdida (France) - LIP6
N. Fonseca (Brazil) - University of Campinas
E. Fulp (USA) - Wake Forest University
B. Gavish (USA) - Vanderbilt University
H. Guyennet (France) - University of Franche-Comte
Z. Hulicki (Poland) - University of Cracow
R. Israel (France) - IEEE
A. Jajszczyk (Poland) - University of Mining & Metallurgy
A. Jamalipour (Australia) - University of Sydney
S. Jiang (Singapore) - National University of Singapore
S. Karnouskos (Germany) - GMD FOKUS
G. Kesidis (USA)  Pennsylvania State University
D. Khotimsky (USA) - Lucent Bell Labs
D. Kofman (France) - ENST Paris
S. Kota (USA) - Lockeed Martin
D. Kouvatsos (UK) - University of Bradford
S. Kumar (USA) - Ericsson
G.S. Kuo (Taiwan) - National Central University
F. Le Faucheur (France) - Cisco
M. Lee (Korea) - Dongshin University
P. Lorenz (France) - University of Haute Alsace
Z. Mammeri (France) - University of Toulouse
N. Mastorakis (Greece) - Military Institutions of University Education
H. Mouftah (Canada) - Queen's University
G. Omidyar (USA) - Computer Sciences Corp.
M. Potts (Switzerland) - Martel
G. Pujolle (France) - University of Paris 6
S. Rao (Switzerland) - Ascom
A. Reid (UK) - British Telecom
S. Ritzenthaler (France) - Alcatel
P. Rolin (France)  France Telecom R&D
D. Sadok (Brazil) - Federal University of Pernambuco
R. Saracco (Italy) - CSELT
H. Tobiet (France) - NMG
V.A. Villagra (Spain) - University of Madrid
E. Vazquez Gallo (Spain) - University of Madrid
O. Yang (Canada) - University of Ottawa

IMPORTANT DATES
Extended papers deadline                September 10, 2003
Authors Notification:                   October 10, 2003
Camera ready, full papers due:          November 10, 2003



--=====================_114627445==_.ALT
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<html>
(* Our apologies if you receive this multiple times* ) <br><br>
<b>CALL FOR PAPERS<br>
3rd International Conference on Networking (ICN'04)<br>
March 1-4, 2004&nbsp; Pointe-=E0-Pitre, <br>
Guadeloupe, French Caribbean<br><br>
</b><font color=3D"#0000FF"><u><a href=3D"http://conf.uha.fr/ICN04.html" eud=
ora=3D"autourl">http://conf.uha.fr/ICN04.html</a></u></font>
<br><br>
<br>
<b>GENERAL INFORMATION</b> <br>
The 2004 International Conference on Networking (ICN'04) is sponsored by
IEEE/Comsoc CSIM committee, IEEE/Computer and by IEE. ICN'04 is organized
by academic, research and industrial societies will be held from Monday
March 1, 2004 to Thursday March 4, 2004.<br>
In order to encourage closer interaction between academic and industrial
networking research communities, we solicit both academic research papers
and industrial contributions. The 3<sup>rd</sup> edition of ICN will be
held in Pointe-=E0-Pitre, Guadeloupe. ICN 2004 will offer tutorials,
plenary sessions, poster sessions, panels and exhibition opportunities.
<br><br>
<b>TOPICS OF SPECIAL INTEREST</b> <br>
Topics of interest include, but are not limited to the following:
<br><br>
Communications switching and routing <br>
Communications modelling <br>
Communications security <br>
Computer communications <br>
Multimedia and multicast communications <br>
Next Generation Network <br>
Network Management and control <br>
Quality of Service <br>
Wireless Communications (Satellite, WLL, 4G) <br>
Voice over IP <br>
Network, control and service architectures<br>
Network signalling <br>
Optical networking <br>
Distributed communications<br>
Traffic engineering <br>
Telecommunication networks architectures <br>
Performance evaluation, simulation <br>
Mobile networking and systems <br>
Applications and case studies <br>
Protocol design and evaluation <br>
MPLS, GMPLS<br><br>
These topics can be discussed in term of concepts, state of the art,
standards, implementations, running experiments and applications.
<br><br>
<b>INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS</b> <br>
Mail four papers OR E-mail preferably in PDF format your original paper
(6 or 8 pages). All the manuscripts must be written in English. The top
of the first page of each paper should include the title of the paper,
authors' name, position, address, telephone and fax numbers, e-mail of
the author responsible for correspondence and a list of four keywords.
The deadline for submission of all extended papers is September 10, 2003
with notification of acceptance by October 10, 2003. Submission of
camera-ready paper is by November 10, 2003. <br>
Authors of accepted papers will be invited to submit full-length
manuscripts for inclusion in the proceedings with ISBN. <br>
All hard copies papers should be sent to the following address: <br>
Pascal LORENZ <br>
University of Haute Alsace <br>
34 rue du Grillenbreit <br>
68008 Colmar, France <br>
Phone: 33 (0)389202366 Fax: 33 (0)389202359 Mobile: 33 (0)632630204<br>
E-mail: <font color=3D"#0000FF"><u>lorenz@ieee.org<br>
</u></font>Check our Web page at
<a href=3D"http://conf.uha.fr/ICN04.html" eudora=3D"autourl"><font color=3D"=
#0000FF"><u>http://conf.uha.fr/ICN04.html</a></u></font>
for the latest information concerning the conference. <br>
Best papers will be forwarded for consideration in a special issue of a=
 journal.&nbsp; <br><br>
<b>TUTORIALS AND WORKSHOPS</b> <br>
Tutorials and workshops provide overviews of current high interest topics.=
 Proposals for half of full day tutorials are due by September 10, 2003.=
 <br><br>
<b>INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE</b> <br>
H. Abouaissa (France) - University of Haute Alsace <br>
R. Addie (Australia) - University of Southern Queensland <br>
K. Begain (UK) - University of Bradford <br>
B. Bing (USA) - Georgia Institute of Technology<br>
A. Brandwajn (USA) - University of California Santa Cruz <br>
P. Chemouil (France)&nbsp; France Telecom R&amp;D<br>
J.P. Coudreuse (France) - Mitsubishi <br>
M. Devetsikiotis (USA) - North Carolina State University<br>
S. Fdida (France) - LIP6 <br>
N. Fonseca (Brazil) - University of Campinas<br>
E. Fulp (USA) - Wake Forest University <br>
B. Gavish (USA) - Vanderbilt University <br>
H. Guyennet (France) - University of Franche-Comte <br>
Z. Hulicki (Poland) - University of Cracow <br>
R. Israel (France) - IEEE <br>
A. Jajszczyk (Poland) - University of Mining &amp; Metallurgy <br>
A. Jamalipour (Australia) - University of Sydney <br>
S. Jiang (Singapore) - National University of Singapore <br>
S. Karnouskos (Germany) - GMD FOKUS <br>
G. Kesidis (USA)&nbsp; Pennsylvania State University <br>
D. Khotimsky (USA) - Lucent Bell Labs <br>
D. Kofman (France) - ENST Paris <br>
S. Kota (USA) - Lockeed Martin <br>
D. Kouvatsos (UK) - University of Bradford <br>
S. Kumar (USA) - Ericsson <br>
G.S. Kuo (Taiwan) - National Central University <br>
F. Le Faucheur (France) - Cisco <br>
M. Lee (Korea) - Dongshin University <br>
P. Lorenz (France) - University of Haute Alsace <br>
Z. Mammeri (France) - University of Toulouse <br>
N. Mastorakis (Greece) - Military Institutions of University Education <br>
H. Mouftah (Canada) - Queen's University <br>
G. Omidyar (USA) - Computer Sciences Corp.<br>
M. Potts (Switzerland) - Martel <br>
G. Pujolle (France) - University of Paris 6 <br>
S. Rao (Switzerland) - Ascom <br>
A. Reid (UK) - British Telecom <br>
S. Ritzenthaler (France) - Alcatel <br>
P. Rolin (France)&nbsp; France Telecom R&amp;D <br>
D. Sadok (Brazil) - Federal University of Pernambuco <br>
R. Saracco (Italy) - CSELT <br>
H. Tobiet (France) - NMG <br>
V.A. Villagra (Spain) - University of Madrid <br>
E. Vazquez Gallo (Spain) - University of Madrid <br>
O. Yang (Canada) - University of Ottawa <br><br>
<b>IMPORTANT DATES</b> <br>
Extended papers=
 deadline<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><x-t=
ab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>September 10,=
 2003<br>
Authors=
 Notification:<x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbs=
p;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;&nbsp;</x-tab>October 10, 2003<br>
Camera ready, full papers due:=
 <x-tab>&nbsp;</x-tab><x-tab>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;</x-tab>November 10, 2003<br><br>
<br>
</html>

--=====================_114627445==_.ALT--



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
From: Chan-Wah Ng <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Pascal "Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Cc: Julien Charbon <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
In-Reply-To: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D9C26C40@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com>
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On Tue, 2003-05-20 at 18:32, Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
> > 
> > I agree it is not important how many egress interfaces a 
> > mobile router has.  That's not what 'w' is.  'w' is used to 
> > differentiate between whether there is a single mobile router 
> > or multiple mobile routers in the mobile network.
> > 
> > > 
> > > In other words it seems to me that the w is not too 
> > useful... For me, 
> > > the problems are still the 4 I listed before. If I'm missing 
> > > something, sorry about that :)
> > 
> > You may have misunderstood 'w'. See if you still think there 
> > is no difference whether there is a single MR or there is multiple MR.
> > 
> 
> I call an x case what Julien refers to as w=0 (as opposed as you). And I
> call a y case what both of you call w=1. 
> Quoting "
>  And I obtain (w, x, y) :
> 
>   with
> 
>   w: 0: A Mobile Router have more than one Global IPv6 Address.
>         OR a Mobile Router have more than one Interface.
>      1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.
> 
>   x: 0: There is single HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
>      1: There is muliple HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
> 
>   y: 0: A single Prefix is announced by Egress Router(s).
>      1: Muliple Prefix are announced by Egress Router(s).
> "
> 
> I think Julien is better with his w=0, if he removes   "OR a Mobile
> Router have more than one Interface". But then the problems for w=0 and
> w=1 are not exclusive (as I'll detail further, read on). So w is just
> misleading. I think it brings nothing and should be dropped.
> 
Sorry.  Can't see any difference between so-called "Julien's definition"
and "my definition".  I always thought between Julien and me are in
sync.  And no, I did not see where you give explanations of why 'w'
should be dropped.

-- 8= 8< 8= -- some portions snipped -- 8< 8= 8< --

> > In trying to merge our classifications, I way I see it is this:
> > 
> > Tarzan is (w=0,x=0,y=*)
> > JetSet is (w=0,x=1,y=*)
> > Shinkansen is (w=1,x=*,y=0)
> > Doublebed is (w=1,x=*,y=1)
> > 
> 
> No. According to Julien's definition:
> 
> Tarzan is (w=0,x=0)     	whether there's a y at all does not
> change the problem addressed here
> JetSet is (w=0,x=1)
> Shinkansen is (w=1,y=0)
> Doublebed is (w=1,y=1)
> 

I think that's where we differs in terminologies.  I guess a taxonomy
should cover everything.  What I hope to do is that every single
situation where nemo is multihomed will fall into one of the
(w=?,x=?,y=?) category.  That's why I don't see any difference between
saying (w=0,x=0) and (w=0,x=0,y=*).

On that same note, are you claiming that there is no multihomed network
that your classification do not cover?

-- 8= 8< 8= -- some portions snipped -- 8< 8= 8< --

> 
> 
> please enumarate your 8 possibilities
> and tell me the 8 specific problems you have to solve, the way I just
> expressed the 4 that I understand... Maybe it will help. I think you are
> still configuration minded at this point... There are many many of them,
> but not as many problems, hopefully.

I hope so too!  Which is precisely why we chose to first classify all
multihomed mobile network into some number of categories, and then
identify which categories contains problem that need to be solved by
NEMO WG.  Some categories may contain similar problem, and solving one
will solve some of the others... it doesn't matter right now.  

Okay, here are the 8 in (w,x,y) tuple: (these are written just off my
mind, so pardon me if they appear to lack careful analysis)

(0,0,0) = One MR, one HA, one prefix
As far as I see it can either have more than one care-of-address
addressed to one HoA (multiple interface sharing same HoA but different
CoA), or it can have different CoA-HoA pairs.  Either way, it should be
a MIPv6 problem.

(0,0,1) = One MR, one HA, multiple prefix.
If the MR has only one HoA with multiple CoA and multiple subnet prefix,
we need a way for HA to be able to register that the multiple prefixes
are tied to that HoA.  I guess it should be a NEMO problem.

(0,1,0) = One MR, multiple HA, one prefix
Can MR register the same HoA in two different HAs?  If not, the problem
is simply a HoA-CoA pair per HA.  There is also the question of same
prefix-careof in two different HA.  Need to analyse further.

(0,1,1) = one MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
largely similar to (0,1,0), but now you have additional prefix coming
in.  This may be easily solved if we demand that each prefix be taken
care of by separate HA.

(1,0,0) = multiple MR, one HA, one prefix.
May not have any problem at all if the MRs are manually configured to
announce same prefix.  Prefix delegation is also possible since the MRs
are handled by same HA.  HA will see two HoA-CoA pair sharing taking
care of the same subnet prefix.

(1,0,1) = multiple MR, one HA, multiple prefix
May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate prefix.

(1,1,0) = multiple MR, multiple HA, one prefix
Question of multiple HA handling the same prefix.
Also question of how to do prefix delegation between two MRs with
different HA.

(1,1,1) = multiple MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate prefix.

Comments?  (perhaps Julien would like to add more)

/cwng




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To: Chan-Wah Ng <cwng@psl.com.sg>
CC: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>,
        Julien Charbon
 <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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can we stick to the following categories when we discuss
multihoming on this list? half the time I find myself trying
to figure out which multi-homing scenario is being referred
to when I read a particular mail on the list.

I find the following very clear.

Vijay

Chan-Wah Ng wrote:
>>
>>  w: 0: A Mobile Router have more than one Global IPv6 Address.
>>        OR a Mobile Router have more than one Interface.
>>     1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.
>>
>>  x: 0: There is single HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
>>     1: There is muliple HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
>>
>>  y: 0: A single Prefix is announced by Egress Router(s).
>>     1: Muliple Prefix are announced by Egress Router(s).

> (0,0,0) = One MR, one HA, one prefix
> As far as I see it can either have more than one care-of-address
> addressed to one HoA (multiple interface sharing same HoA but different
> CoA), or it can have different CoA-HoA pairs.  Either way, it should be
> a MIPv6 problem.
> 
> (0,0,1) = One MR, one HA, multiple prefix.
> If the MR has only one HoA with multiple CoA and multiple subnet prefix,
> we need a way for HA to be able to register that the multiple prefixes
> are tied to that HoA.  I guess it should be a NEMO problem.
> 
> (0,1,0) = One MR, multiple HA, one prefix
> Can MR register the same HoA in two different HAs?  If not, the problem
> is simply a HoA-CoA pair per HA.  There is also the question of same
> prefix-careof in two different HA.  Need to analyse further.
> 
> (0,1,1) = one MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
> largely similar to (0,1,0), but now you have additional prefix coming
> in.  This may be easily solved if we demand that each prefix be taken
> care of by separate HA.
> 
> (1,0,0) = multiple MR, one HA, one prefix.
> May not have any problem at all if the MRs are manually configured to
> announce same prefix.  Prefix delegation is also possible since the MRs
> are handled by same HA.  HA will see two HoA-CoA pair sharing taking
> care of the same subnet prefix.
> 
> (1,0,1) = multiple MR, one HA, multiple prefix
> May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate prefix.
> 
> (1,1,0) = multiple MR, multiple HA, one prefix
> Question of multiple HA handling the same prefix.
> Also question of how to do prefix delegation between two MRs with
> different HA.
> 
> (1,1,1) = multiple MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
> May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate prefix.



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From: "Subrata Goswami" <sgoswami@umich.edu>
To: "'IETF NEMO WG'" <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
Date: Wed, 21 May 2003 13:18:14 -0700
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Hi, I think the notation suggested by Chan-Wah Ng is very useful,
although a little non-intuitive. Instead of using only 0/1 we should
use -n to n for the 3 fields.  Thus  

(1,1,1)    signifies  (One MR, one HA, one prefix)
(0,0,0)    signifies  ( no MR,  no HA,  no prefix )
(l,m,n)    signifies  ( l MR,  m =< HA ,  n =<  prefix) 
(-1,-1,-1) signifies  (  ?,    ?,   ?)

Subrata


> -----Original Message-----
> From: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Vijay Devarapalli
> Sent: Wednesday, May 21, 2003 12:12 PM
> To: Chan-Wah Ng
> Cc: Pascal Thubert (pthubert); Julien Charbon; IETF NEMO WG
> Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
> 
> 
> can we stick to the following categories when we discuss 
> multihoming on this list? half the time I find myself trying 
> to figure out which multi-homing scenario is being referred 
> to when I read a particular mail on the list.
> 
> I find the following very clear.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Chan-Wah Ng wrote:
> >>
> >>  w: 0: A Mobile Router have more than one Global IPv6 Address.
> >>        OR a Mobile Router have more than one Interface.
> >>     1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.
> >>
> >>  x: 0: There is single HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
> >>     1: There is muliple HA for CoAs of a same Prefix.
> >>
> >>  y: 0: A single Prefix is announced by Egress Router(s).
> >>     1: Muliple Prefix are announced by Egress Router(s).
> 
> > (0,0,0) = One MR, one HA, one prefix
> > As far as I see it can either have more than one care-of-address 
> > addressed to one HoA (multiple interface sharing same HoA but 
> > different CoA), or it can have different CoA-HoA pairs.  
> Either way, 
> > it should be a MIPv6 problem.
> > 
> > (0,0,1) = One MR, one HA, multiple prefix.
> > If the MR has only one HoA with multiple CoA and multiple subnet 
> > prefix, we need a way for HA to be able to register that 
> the multiple 
> > prefixes are tied to that HoA.  I guess it should be a NEMO problem.
> > 
> > (0,1,0) = One MR, multiple HA, one prefix
> > Can MR register the same HoA in two different HAs?  If not, the 
> > problem is simply a HoA-CoA pair per HA.  There is also the 
> question 
> > of same prefix-careof in two different HA.  Need to analyse further.
> > 
> > (0,1,1) = one MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
> > largely similar to (0,1,0), but now you have additional 
> prefix coming 
> > in.  This may be easily solved if we demand that each 
> prefix be taken 
> > care of by separate HA.
> > 
> > (1,0,0) = multiple MR, one HA, one prefix.
> > May not have any problem at all if the MRs are manually 
> configured to 
> > announce same prefix.  Prefix delegation is also possible since the 
> > MRs are handled by same HA.  HA will see two HoA-CoA pair sharing 
> > taking care of the same subnet prefix.
> > 
> > (1,0,1) = multiple MR, one HA, multiple prefix
> > May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate 
> > prefix.
> > 
> > (1,1,0) = multiple MR, multiple HA, one prefix
> > Question of multiple HA handling the same prefix.
> > Also question of how to do prefix delegation between two MRs with 
> > different HA.
> > 
> > (1,1,1) = multiple MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
> > May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate 
> > prefix.
> 
> 



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
Date: Thu, 22 May 2003 09:35:03 +0100
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Chan-Wah Ng" <cwng@psl.com.sg>
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Hi Chan-Wah. 

I think we're not in sync yet. I did not ask you to describe configs,
but what problems need to be solved. I gave my view as example of what I
asked from you for the 4 problems that I see. If you see other problems
to be solved please detail them that way. Otherwise we're in a loop, and
I'll quit. This is my last attempt to make you understand what I mean.
Otherwise I guess it'll show up later. 

> Okay, here are the 8 in (w,x,y) tuple: (these are written just off my
> mind, so pardon me if they appear to lack careful analysis)
> 
> (0,0,0) = One MR, one HA, one prefix
> As far as I see it can either have more than one care-of-address
> addressed to one HoA (multiple interface sharing same HoA but
different
> CoA), or it can have different CoA-HoA pairs.  Either way, it should
be
> a MIPv6 problem.
> 

Right. It must be clear that this case is about multiple CareOfs
registered in parallel as opposed to multiple interfaces active in
parallel. This case is the Tarzan problem of load balancing, fast
handoff and so on as I described earlier.

> (0,0,1) = One MR, one HA, multiple prefix.
> If the MR has only one HoA with multiple CoA and multiple subnet
prefix,
> we need a way for HA to be able to register that the multiple prefixes
> are tied to that HoA.  I guess it should be a NEMO problem.
> 

What is the new problem? This is several times the (0,0,0) problem. The
only thing to discuss is if we use a single or multiple binding message.
But there's no design problem.

> (0,1,0) = One MR, multiple HA, one prefix
> Can MR register the same HoA in two different HAs?  If not, the
problem
> is simply a HoA-CoA pair per HA.  There is also the question of same
> prefix-careof in two different HA.  Need to analyse further.
> 

We are multihoming the prefix. Who cares if the MR uses a single or
multiple home addresses or CareOfs. The key is to allow registering the
same mobile prefix to several HAs. The problem I see is the JetSet
problem as I detailed before, which has to do with optimized routing.
Also, if the HAs are hops away, we'll need to have the L3 HA-HA
coordination protocol by then, but that much is not a multihoming issue
per se, it has more to do with whether we want a physical home net or
not).

> (0,1,1) = one MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
> largely similar to (0,1,0), but now you have additional prefix coming
> in.  This may be easily solved if we demand that each prefix be taken
> care of by separate HA.
> 

What is the new problem? This is several times the (0,1,0) problem. The
only thing to discuss is if we use a single or multiple binding
messages. But there's no design problem. Did I write this before?

> (1,0,0) = multiple MR, one HA, one prefix.
> May not have any problem at all if the MRs are manually configured to
> announce same prefix.  Prefix delegation is also possible since the
MRs
> are handled by same HA.  HA will see two HoA-CoA pair sharing taking
> care of the same subnet prefix.
> 

This is the Shinkansen problem I explained before. Mostly deals with
balancing the flows between the 2 MRHA tunnels when both are active, and
with redirecting all the traffic to the active one if only one is
active. I agree that on top of that, the prefix delegation should know
that the 2 MRs are paired and affect the same prefix to both, but this
seems to be a config issue only. Note that the 2 MRs do not have to be
both registered at a given point of time (one may be hot stand by).


> (1,0,1) = multiple MR, one HA, multiple prefix
> May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate
prefix.
> 

This is the double Bed problem if the different MRs have different
prefix. I tried to show that this relates to the MR not being a stub. So
I suggested to rule that out quickly.


> (1,1,0) = multiple MR, multiple HA, one prefix
> Question of multiple HA handling the same prefix.
> Also question of how to do prefix delegation between two MRs with
> different HA.
> 

What is the new problem? You just say it yourself, this is the (1,0,1)
problem coupled with the (0,1,0) problem. 

> (1,1,1) = multiple MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
> May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate
prefix.
> 

What is the new problem? This is the (1,0,1) problem coupled with the
(0,1,0) problem.

Pascal



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
Date: Thu, 22 May 2003 09:49:20 +0100
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Thread-Topic: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
Thread-Index: AcMf7e+3Rp2quAcdRky6eznzhkqY4QATy1RA
From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Vijay Devarapalli" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        "Chan-Wah Ng" <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Cc: "Julien Charbon" <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, "IETF NEMO WG" <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hi Vijay:

Please look again.

The main trouble is that w=0 and w=1 are not orthogonal. You can have
several MRs and only one registers (hot standby). And you can have
several registrations for the same prefix by a single MR. If we really
want to express that as Boolean, we must introduce a v as well. Like:

v: 0: There is only one registration for a given mobile prefix (like MIP
today for a HoA)
   1: There can be multiple registrations in parallel for a given mobile
prefix

w: 0: There is a single Egress Mobile Router
   1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.

And keep the same as it was. My point is then that we have multihoming
if v or w.

From there, v=1 can be subdivided in 2 problems that I called x=0 and
x=1
And w=1 can be subdivided in 2 problems that I called y=0 and y=1
And obviously you can have v=1 and w=1. 

After all discussion with Chan-Wah's and Julien, the best definition is
IMHO:

x: 0: There is single HA for multiple registration of a same Prefix.
   1: There is multiple HA for multiple registration of a same Prefix.

y: 0: A single Prefix is announced by Egress Routers.
   1: Multiple Prefix are announced by Egress Routers.


What do you think?

Pascal

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vijay Devarapalli [mailto:vijayd@iprg.nokia.com]
> Sent: mercredi 21 mai 2003 21:12
> To: Chan-Wah Ng
> Cc: Pascal Thubert (pthubert); Julien Charbon; IETF NEMO WG
> Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
> 
> can we stick to the following categories when we discuss
> multihoming on this list? half the time I find myself trying
> to figure out which multi-homing scenario is being referred
> to when I read a particular mail on the list.
> 
> I find the following very clear.
> 
> Vijay
> 
> Chan-Wah Ng wrote:
> >>
> >>  w: 0: A Mobile Router have more than one Global IPv6 Address.
> >>        OR a Mobile Router have more than one Interface.
> >>     1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.
> >>
> 
> > (0,0,0) = One MR, one HA, one prefix
> > As far as I see it can either have more than one care-of-address
> > addressed to one HoA (multiple interface sharing same HoA but
different
> > CoA), or it can have different CoA-HoA pairs.  Either way, it should
be
> > a MIPv6 problem.
> >
> > (0,0,1) = One MR, one HA, multiple prefix.
> > If the MR has only one HoA with multiple CoA and multiple subnet
prefix,
> > we need a way for HA to be able to register that the multiple
prefixes
> > are tied to that HoA.  I guess it should be a NEMO problem.
> >
> > (0,1,0) = One MR, multiple HA, one prefix
> > Can MR register the same HoA in two different HAs?  If not, the
problem
> > is simply a HoA-CoA pair per HA.  There is also the question of same
> > prefix-careof in two different HA.  Need to analyse further.
> >
> > (0,1,1) = one MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
> > largely similar to (0,1,0), but now you have additional prefix
coming
> > in.  This may be easily solved if we demand that each prefix be
taken
> > care of by separate HA.
> >
> > (1,0,0) = multiple MR, one HA, one prefix.
> > May not have any problem at all if the MRs are manually configured
to
> > announce same prefix.  Prefix delegation is also possible since the
MRs
> > are handled by same HA.  HA will see two HoA-CoA pair sharing taking
> > care of the same subnet prefix.
> >
> > (1,0,1) = multiple MR, one HA, multiple prefix
> > May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate
prefix.
> >
> > (1,1,0) = multiple MR, multiple HA, one prefix
> > Question of multiple HA handling the same prefix.
> > Also question of how to do prefix delegation between two MRs with
> > different HA.
> >
> > (1,1,1) = multiple MR, multiple HA, multiple prefix
> > May not have any problem at all if each MR take care of separate
prefix.



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
From: Chan-Wah Ng <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Pascal "Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Cc: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>,
        Julien Charbon <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hi Pascal, Vijay, Julien

On Thu, 2003-05-22 at 16:49, Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
> Hi Vijay:
> 
> Please look again.
> 
> The main trouble is that w=0 and w=1 are not orthogonal. You can have
> several MRs and only one registers (hot standby). 

Nope.  If only one MR is active at any one time, and that MR only
register one binding, it is not a multihoming scenario, and we do not
classify non-multihoming scenario.

Correct me if I am wrong, I think you miss the most important point
about our taxonomy: we classify *multihoming* NEMO.  so the correct
interpretation of 'w' is:

w=0: The NEMO has only one active egress MR with multiple care-ofs
w=1: the NEMO has multiple active egress MR.

/cwng

> And you can have
> several registrations for the same prefix by a single MR. If we really
> want to express that as Boolean, we must introduce a v as well. Like:
> 
> v: 0: There is only one registration for a given mobile prefix (like MIP
> today for a HoA)
>    1: There can be multiple registrations in parallel for a given mobile
> prefix
> 
> w: 0: There is a single Egress Mobile Router
>    1: There is more then one Egress Mobile Router.
> 
> And keep the same as it was. My point is then that we have multihoming
> if v or w.
> 
> >From there, v=1 can be subdivided in 2 problems that I called x=0 and
> x=1
> And w=1 can be subdivided in 2 problems that I called y=0 and y=1
> And obviously you can have v=1 and w=1. 
> 
> After all discussion with Chan-Wah's and Julien, the best definition is
> IMHO:
> 
> x: 0: There is single HA for multiple registration of a same Prefix.
>    1: There is multiple HA for multiple registration of a same Prefix.
> 
> y: 0: A single Prefix is announced by Egress Routers.
>    1: Multiple Prefix are announced by Egress Routers.
> 
> 
> What do you think?
> 
> Pascal



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
From: Chan-Wah Ng <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Pascal "Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Cc: Julien Charbon <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hi Pascal, Julien,

On Thu, 2003-05-22 at 16:35, Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
> Hi Chan-Wah. 
> 
> I think we're not in sync yet. I did not ask you to describe configs,
> but what problems need to be solved. I gave my view as example of what I
> asked from you for the 4 problems that I see. If you see other problems
> to be solved please detail them that way. Otherwise we're in a loop, and
> I'll quit. This is my last attempt to make you understand what I mean.
> Otherwise I guess it'll show up later. 
> 

I fully understand what you want, but you seem not to understand my
standpoint.

You want to see the specific problems of multhomed NEMO.  You came up
with 4.

Instead of coming to the quick conclusion as you have, we decided to
start by classifying NEMO into different configurations.  From these
configurations, we then identify the problems.  As I have already stated
in previous mails, it may well be among the 8 configurations, we
identify the same 4 problems as you did.  But only through the exercise
of looking into each configuration can we be sure that these are the
only 4 and no more.

I am now in the process of identifying individual problems in each
configuration, and will release the I-Draft once that is done.  So
please be patient for this couple of days.  In that aspect, your
comments on the 8 configurations are useful, and I thank you for that. 

/cwng



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 Hi Pascal, Hi all,

On Mon, 19 May 2003 14:14:01 +0100
"Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com> wrote:

> I'm back from vacations :)

 I hope you past good vacation, and your are always motivate to
continue the discussion in the multi-homing domain.

> In other words it seems to me that the w is not too useful... For me,
> the problems are still the 4 I listed before. If I'm missing something,
> sorry about that :)

 It's nothing, the more there are different points of view the more
the good, or the best solution can be found. And in general this
solution take ideas from all of the other.

> Let me describe further the problems I see, x cases, Tarzan and JetSet
> and y cases, Shinkansen and doublebed:
>
> Tarzan: One MR building and registering (to same HA) several CareOf in
> order to maintain connectivity while moving is a MH(x=0)

 Excuse-me that is MH? [Just for my information]

> The Tarzan problem is the introduction of multiple CareOfs registered in
> parallel. This breaks the MIP paradigm. Whether they are on a single or
> multiple interfaces of the MR may not ne important, but I expect that
> they'll be on different access routers. Anyway, this introduces the load
> balancing / high availability problem in both directions. I understand
> that FMIP has already studied this some. Maybe we can start from there.

 Let's go for comments:

  The case:

                       _____
       _    p      _  |     |
      |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
       _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
      |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
                                    |

      MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA

  I think it a very classic multi-interface problem.

 Solution requirements:

  If you want to use the two interfaces at the same time:

    o Allow several tunnels between a MR and a HA.
    o Allow binding of Multiple CoAs for the same MN-Prefix.
    o Identify the CoAs in the Prefix-BU.
      Explanations for this requirement:

        At a time on the HA you have:

         HA Nemo Binding cache:
            Prefix1/length -> CoA1.
            Prefix1/length -> CoA2.

        And then you receive a Prefix-BU from the same MR:
           Prefix1/length -> CoA3.

         Which CoA has changed the CoA1 or the CoA2 ?

  If you use just one interface a the same time:

    o Nothing, just switch the interface when one goes down.

   But take care in this case the mobile router it's not a
   Multihomed Mobile Router with this behavior according to:

   ,----[ draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-01.txt ]
   | Multihomed Mobile Router
   |
   | A MR is multihomed when it has simultaneously more than one
   |                                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   | active connection to the Internet, that is when it is either:
   |
   | [...]
   |
   `----

   And so remember the R.12 requirements:

   ,----[ draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt ]
   |    R12: The solution MUST function for multihomed MR [...]
   `----

 Configuration good for:

  o Keep Connectivity Transparently

    Reasons:
     o Don't not change anything for the MNNs.

  o Load-Balancing & Policy

    Outbound traffic:
     o The MR choose between the two CoAs.

    Inbound traffic:
     o The HA choose between the two MR's CoAs.

    So the Prefix-BU should carry some preference for each CoA.

 Clear case for me and you. That's fine.

> JetSet: one MR that registers its prefix to Paris and New York at the
> same time in order to optimize routing is a MH(x=1)
>
> The JetSet is the case where the multiple CareOfs are not registered to
> the same HA. The HAs may be far away from each other. The JetSet problem
> is the collaboration of the HAs in order to accept multiple
> registrations, and the selection by the MR of the best via-HA to the
> correspondent. Correlated problem is to get the packets onto the active
> tuunels on the HA side. This is the problem for which I pointed out that
> a dynamic routing over the MRHA is needed, including for me whatever
> causes the MNP prefix to be injected in the Home AS routing protocol
> while the MR is registered.

 The case:

                                 AR    HA2
                                  _  |
                               |-|_|-|  _
                        _____  |     |-|_|
        _    p      _  |     |-|
       |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |
        _  |-|_|-|     |_____|-|        _
       |_|-|     |             |  _  |-|_|
                               |-|_|-|
                                     |
       MNNs  MR    AR  Internet  AR    HA1

 Solution requirements:

  o Maybe nothing.

 Configuration used for:

  o HA redundancy

  o Kind of Routing Optimization

  o Load-Balancing & Policy

    Outbound traffic:
     o The MR choose between the two HAs. [priority]

    Inbound traffic:
     <maybe-far-away-from-nemo>

      o Prefix-BU should carry some priority in the Prefix-BU for each
        HA, and thus the HAs announce the prefix in IGP with metric
        depending on this priority.

     </maybe-far-away-from-nemo>

> Shinkansen: A train with one prefix, one careof per MR and 2 MRs, which
> is a MH(y=0).
>
> Shinkansen is about the high availability of a prefix being registered
> by 2 different MRs. The problem is to make that transparent to the MNNs,
> so that if the MRHA tunnel of one MR fails, the MNNs traffic move to the
> other MR. Note that if we have both routers registering the same prefix
> at the same time, this is an x case too. But the second MR can be in hot
> standby, in which case this is not a x case.

 The case:

             MR2

             p
            <-_  |
        _  |-|_|-|  _____
       |_|-|     |-|     |
        _  |       |     |-|        _
       |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
           |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
            <-   |               |
             p

       MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA

 Solution requirements:

  o Allow binding of Multiple CoAs for the same MN-Prefix.

 Configuration used for:

  o Keep Connectivity Transparently

    Reasons:
     o The Default Router Selection [RFC 2461, Section 6.3.6] ]is
       implemented in all IPv6 Node.  So if a router is crunched by
       godzilla the MNNs take the other transparently.

  o Router redundancy

  o Load-Balancing & Policy

    Outbound traffic:

     <sure-far-away-from-nemo>

     I think a kind of good solution is something like that:

     ,----[ draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt ]
     | IPng Working Group                                               R. Draves
     | Internet Draft                                          Microsoft Research
     | Document: draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt                R. Hinden
     |                                                                      Nokia
     |                                                              June 10, 2002
     |
     |    Default Router Preferences, More-Specific Routes, and Load Sharing
     `----
     [http://ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt]

     </sure-far-away-from-nemo>

    Inbound traffic:

     o The HA choose between the two MR CoA's.

     So the Prefix-BU should carry some preference for each CoA.

> doubleBed: 2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media for their
> mobile prefix (Erik's problem) is a MH(y=1)
>
> Say MR1 has prefix P1 and HA1, and that MR2 has P2 via HA2. doubleBed
> problem is basically to allow traffic with a careOf in P2 to flow via
> MR1. This requires MR1 to accept P2 in its ingress filtering selection.
> This also requires, if MR2 is down, the HA1 sends traffic for P2 over
> MRHA1. In other words, MR1 has and advertises P2. Julien's case with an
> intermediate router is a good one. For me, this is a case where the MN
> is not a stub anymore, and should be ruled out of scope real quick.

 The case:

             MR2             AR    HA2

             p2               _  |
            <-_  |         |-|_|-|  _
        _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_| [Manage p2 only]
       |_|-|     |-|     |-|
        _  |       |     |
       |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
           |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 only]
            <-   |         |-|_|-|
             p1                  |

       MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA1

 Solution requirements:

  o Manage the Ingress Filtering. [Maybe difficult or too high requirement].

 Configuration imposed by:

  o "2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media for their
    mobile prefix".

 These case is maybe out of scope of Nemo.
[See my write below].

 I prefer this case which is Doublebed too:

             MR2

             p2
            <-_  |
        _  |-|_|-|  _____
       |_|-|     |-|     |
        _  |       |     |-|        _
       |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
           |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
            <-   |               |
             p1

       MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA

 And in these case:

 Configuration used for:

  o Keep Connectivity Transparently

  o Router redundancy

  o Load-Balancing & Policy

    Outbound traffic:

     I think a kind of good solution is something like
     [draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt] as I write above.

    Inbound traffic:

     o The HA choose between the two MR CoA's.

     So the Prefix-BU should carry some preference for each CoA.

> If you see other problems to be solved please update this discussion. I
> could also help on the draft if you wish...

 Examples:


                        _____
        _   p1,p2   _  |     |
       |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
        _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 & p2]
       |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
                                     |

       MNNs   MR    AR Internet  AR    HA

 and

             MR2             AR    HA2

             p2               _  |
            <-_  |         |-|_|-|  _
        _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_| [Manage p2 only]
       |_|-|     |-|     |-|
        _  |       |     |
       |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
           |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 only]
            <-   |         |-|_|-|
             p1                  |

       MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA1

  Theses cases are Tarzan [Single HA for CoAs of a same Mobile Network
 Prefix], and DoubleBed [Multiple prefixes advertised to the MNNs].

 In the first case:

  All work like for a simple Tarzan case, so you provide "Keep
 Connectivity Transparently" easily. No problem with the doublebed
 style. [No Ingress Filtering Rule to change]

 In the second case:

 [I hope I'll be clear as enough]
 [I know you [Pascal] understand this problem is just a reminder]

  What's wrong with "Keep Connectivity Transparently":

   The MRs announce two different Mobile Network Prefixes. So the
   MNNs have two global source addresses. The MNNs operates a Source
   Address Selection [RFC 3484, section 5]. And:

   Example of lost connection:

    A MNN select for a connection the source address prefixed by
    p1. And after a moment the connection to the HA1 is lost.
    [Godzilla again].

    Thus the connection is lost. [You can't send the p1 prefixed
    packets towards the HA2 because the Ingress Filtering]. But new
    connection are possible using the other source addresses.

  The problem is the same for a fixed network.

 Solutions:

   [Not a real solution]
  o Do not put different HAs who manage different Network Prefixes for a
    same Mobile Network in different domains.

  o [draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-00,
     section 3.2.2. Using Alternate Mobile Router]

  o Modify the Ingress filtering rules.

 Thus maybe [sometime] make difference between one router with
multiple CoAs and multiple mobile router can be useful. But I have
write before you provide a good solution, and these examples are very
specific.

 Maybe another example more simple:

  In this case: [Tarzan]
                        _____
        _    p      _  |     |
       |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
        _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
       |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
                                     |

       MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA

    Load-Balancing for Inbound traffic "easy" to manage.

  In this case: [Tarzan too]

             MR2

             p
            <-_  |
        _  |-|_|-|  _____
       |_|-|     |-|     |
        _  |       |     |-|        _
       |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
           |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
            <-   |               |
             p

       MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA

    Load-Balancing for Inbound traffic "hard" to manage.


 So the difference are maybe not so visible in the solution level, but
much more in the deployment / configuration level.

                     Best regard for the people who read the entire mail.

                                            -- Julien



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
Date: Thu, 22 May 2003 13:15:28 +0100
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Julien Charbon" <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Cc: "Chan-Wah Ng" <cwng@psl.com.sg>, "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Hi Julien

Note that I tweaked my language from 'multiple careOf' to 'multiple
registrations' for the same prefix. For instance it may happen that a MR
registers a same prefix with the same CareOf to 2 different HAs. It
seems to me that the key is that a registration for a prefix has a
unique ID as in Ryuji's draft.

> >
> > Tarzan: One MR building and registering (to same HA) several CareOf
in
> > order to maintain connectivity while moving is a MH(x=0)
> 
>  Excuse-me that is MH? [Just for my information]

Sorry! MultiHoming

> 
> > The Tarzan problem is the introduction of multiple CareOfs
registered in
> > parallel. This breaks the MIP paradigm. Whether they are on a single
or
> > multiple interfaces of the MR may not ne important, but I expect
that
> > they'll be on different access routers. Anyway, this introduces the
load
> > balancing / high availability problem in both directions. I
understand
> > that FMIP has already studied this some. Maybe we can start from
there.
> 
>  Let's go for comments:
> 
>   The case:
> 
>                        _____
>        _    p      _  |     |
>       |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>        _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>       |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                     |
> 
>       MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> 
>   I think it a very classic multi-interface problem.
> 
>  Solution requirements:
> 
>   If you want to use the two interfaces at the same time:
> 
>     o Allow several tunnels between a MR and a HA.
>     o Allow binding of Multiple CoAs for the same MN-Prefix.
>     o Identify the CoAs in the Prefix-BU.
>       Explanations for this requirement:
> 
>         At a time on the HA you have:
> 
>          HA Nemo Binding cache:
>             Prefix1/length -> CoA1.
>             Prefix1/length -> CoA2.
> 
>         And then you receive a Prefix-BU from the same MR:
>            Prefix1/length -> CoA3.
> 
>          Which CoA has changed the CoA1 or the CoA2 ?
> 
>   If you use just one interface a the same time:
> 
>     o Nothing, just switch the interface when one goes down.
> 
>    But take care in this case the mobile router it's not a
>    Multihomed Mobile Router with this behavior according to:
> 
>    ,----[ draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-01.txt ]
>    | Multihomed Mobile Router
>    |
>    | A MR is multihomed when it has simultaneously more than one
>    |                                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>    | active connection to the Internet, that is when it is either:
>    |
>    | [...]
>    |
>    `----
> 
>    And so remember the R.12 requirements:
> 
>    ,----[ draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt ]
>    |    R12: The solution MUST function for multihomed MR [...]
>    `----
> 
>  Configuration good for:
> 
>   o Keep Connectivity Transparently
> 
>     Reasons:
>      o Don't not change anything for the MNNs.
> 
>   o Load-Balancing & Policy
> 
>     Outbound traffic:
>      o The MR choose between the two CoAs.
> 
>     Inbound traffic:
>      o The HA choose between the two MR's CoAs.
> 
>     So the Prefix-BU should carry some preference for each CoA.
> 
>  Clear case for me and you. That's fine.

Right :)

> 
> > JetSet: one MR that registers its prefix to Paris and New York at
the
> > same time in order to optimize routing is a MH(x=1)
> >
> > The JetSet is the case where the multiple CareOfs are not registered
to
> > the same HA. The HAs may be far away from each other. The JetSet
problem
> > is the collaboration of the HAs in order to accept multiple
> > registrations, and the selection by the MR of the best via-HA to the
> > correspondent. Correlated problem is to get the packets onto the
active
> > tuunels on the HA side. This is the problem for which I pointed out
that
> > a dynamic routing over the MRHA is needed, including for me whatever
> > causes the MNP prefix to be injected in the Home AS routing protocol
> > while the MR is registered.
> 
>  The case:
> 
>                                  AR    HA2
>                                   _  |
>                                |-|_|-|  _
>                         _____  |     |-|_|
>         _    p      _  |     |-|
>        |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |
>         _  |-|_|-|     |_____|-|        _
>        |_|-|     |             |  _  |-|_|
>                                |-|_|-|
>                                      |
>        MNNs  MR    AR  Internet  AR    HA1
> 
>  Solution requirements:
> 
>   o Maybe nothing.
> 

Well, there's something. The HAs have to talk together and with the rest
of their area. So the 'static' case does not work anymore. 


>  Configuration used for:
> 
>   o HA redundancy
> 
>   o Kind of Routing Optimization
> 
>   o Load-Balancing & Policy
> 
>     Outbound traffic:
>      o The MR choose between the two HAs. [priority]
> 
>     Inbound traffic:
>      <maybe-far-away-from-nemo>
> 
>       o Prefix-BU should carry some priority in the Prefix-BU for each
>         HA, and thus the HAs announce the prefix in IGP with metric
>         depending on this priority.
> 
>      </maybe-far-away-from-nemo>
> 

Yes

> > Shinkansen: A train with one prefix, one careof per MR and 2 MRs,
which
> > is a MH(y=0).
> >
> > Shinkansen is about the high availability of a prefix being
registered
> > by 2 different MRs. The problem is to make that transparent to the
MNNs,
> > so that if the MRHA tunnel of one MR fails, the MNNs traffic move to
the
> > other MR. Note that if we have both routers registering the same
prefix
> > at the same time, this is an x case too. But the second MR can be in
hot
> > standby, in which case this is not a x case.
> 
>  The case:
> 
>              MR2
> 
>              p
>             <-_  |
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____
>        |_|-|     |-|     |
>         _  |       |     |-|        _
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>            |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
>             <-   |               |
>              p
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA
> 
>  Solution requirements:
> 
>   o Allow binding of Multiple CoAs for the same MN-Prefix.
> 
>  Configuration used for:
> 
>   o Keep Connectivity Transparently
> 
>     Reasons:
>      o The Default Router Selection [RFC 2461, Section 6.3.6] ]is
>        implemented in all IPv6 Node.  So if a router is crunched by
>        godzilla the MNNs take the other transparently.
> 

That may be slow... And how do you restore a fair share when the crushed
router comes back from the dead? 


>   o Router redundancy
> 
>   o Load-Balancing & Policy
> 
>     Outbound traffic:
> 
>      <sure-far-away-from-nemo>
> 
>      I think a kind of good solution is something like that:
> 
>      ,----[ draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt ]
>      | IPng Working Group
R. Draves
>      | Internet Draft
Microsoft Research
>      | Document: draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt
R. Hinden
>      |
Nokia
>      |
June 10, 2002
>      |
>      |    Default Router Preferences, More-Specific Routes, and Load
Sharing
>      `----
>
[http://ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt
]
> 
>      </sure-far-away-from-nemo>
> 
>     Inbound traffic:
> 
>      o The HA choose between the two MR CoA's.
> 
>      So the Prefix-BU should carry some preference for each CoA.
> 

Yes, but for the last sentence. I do not see that as different whether
there's one or more MR. This is why it's an x case too if the 2 MRs
register at the same time. And yes, a preference, a metric of some sort,
is a way to approach the x problem.


> > doubleBed: 2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media for
their
> > mobile prefix (Erik's problem) is a MH(y=1)
> >
> > Say MR1 has prefix P1 and HA1, and that MR2 has P2 via HA2.
doubleBed
> > problem is basically to allow traffic with a careOf in P2 to flow
via
> > MR1. This requires MR1 to accept P2 in its ingress filtering
selection.
> > This also requires, if MR2 is down, the HA1 sends traffic for P2
over
> > MRHA1. In other words, MR1 has and advertises P2. Julien's case with
an
> > intermediate router is a good one. For me, this is a case where the
MN
> > is not a stub anymore, and should be ruled out of scope real quick.
> 
>  The case:
> 
>              MR2             AR    HA2
> 
>              p2               _  |
>             <-_  |         |-|_|-|  _
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_| [Manage p2 only]
>        |_|-|     |-|     |-|
>         _  |       |     |
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
>            |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 only]
>             <-   |         |-|_|-|
>              p1                  |
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA1
> 
>  Solution requirements:
> 
>   o Manage the Ingress Filtering. [Maybe difficult or too high
requirement].
> 
>  Configuration imposed by:
> 
>   o "2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media for their
>     mobile prefix".
> 
>  These case is maybe out of scope of Nemo.
> [See my write below].
> 
>  I prefer this case which is Doublebed too:
> 
>              MR2
> 
>              p2
>             <-_  |
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____
>        |_|-|     |-|     |
>         _  |       |     |-|        _
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>            |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
>             <-   |               |
>              p1
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA
> 
>  And in these case:
> 
>  Configuration used for:
> 
>   o Keep Connectivity Transparently
> 
>   o Router redundancy
> 
>   o Load-Balancing & Policy
> 
>     Outbound traffic:
> 
>      I think a kind of good solution is something like
>      [draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt] as I write above.
> 
>     Inbound traffic:
> 
>      o The HA choose between the two MR CoA's.
> 
>      So the Prefix-BU should carry some preference for each CoA.
> 

Right :) Note that I saw nowhere a text saying that if you see 2 routers
advertising each a different prefix, and if you autoconf'ed an address
for each prefix, SAS should derive the best of the 2 addresses depending
on which router you are using. That is if MR2 is used for destination D,
then source P2::x should be preferred over P1::x. I hope I just missed
it but I think this is central to our problem. 


> > If you see other problems to be solved please update this
discussion. I
> > could also help on the draft if you wish...
> 
>  Examples:
> 
> 
>                         _____
>         _   p1,p2   _  |     |
>        |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>         _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 & p2]
>        |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                      |
> 
>        MNNs   MR    AR Internet  AR    HA
> 
>  and
> 
>              MR2             AR    HA2
> 
>              p2               _  |
>             <-_  |         |-|_|-|  _
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_| [Manage p2 only]
>        |_|-|     |-|     |-|
>         _  |       |     |
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
>            |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 only]
>             <-   |         |-|_|-|
>              p1                  |
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA1
> 
>   Theses cases are Tarzan [Single HA for CoAs of a same Mobile Network
>  Prefix], and DoubleBed [Multiple prefixes advertised to the MNNs].
> 
>  In the first case:
> 
>   All work like for a simple Tarzan case, so you provide "Keep
>  Connectivity Transparently" easily. No problem with the doublebed
>  style. [No Ingress Filtering Rule to change]
> 

Yes, it's just a Tarzan, just with twice as many BUs... Or BUs with more
options.

>  In the second case:
> 
>  [I hope I'll be clear as enough]
>  [I know you [Pascal] understand this problem is just a reminder]
> 
>   What's wrong with "Keep Connectivity Transparently":
> 
>    The MRs announce two different Mobile Network Prefixes. So the
>    MNNs have two global source addresses. The MNNs operates a Source
>    Address Selection [RFC 3484, section 5]. And:
> 
>    Example of lost connection:
> 
>     A MNN select for a connection the source address prefixed by
>     p1. And after a moment the connection to the HA1 is lost.
>     [Godzilla again].
> 
>     Thus the connection is lost. [You can't send the p1 prefixed
>     packets towards the HA2 because the Ingress Filtering]. But new
>     connection are possible using the other source addresses.
> 
>   The problem is the same for a fixed network.
> 
>  Solutions:
> 
>    [Not a real solution]
>   o Do not put different HAs who manage different Network Prefixes for
a
>     same Mobile Network in different domains.
> 
>   o [draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-00,
>      section 3.2.2. Using Alternate Mobile Router]
> 
>   o Modify the Ingress filtering rules.
> 
>  Thus maybe [sometime] make difference between one router with
> multiple CoAs and multiple mobile router can be useful. But I have
> write before you provide a good solution, and these examples are very
> specific.
> 

Or MR2 autoconf'ed an address in PA (though it's on the side of the
standard), advertises that to HA2, which advertises that to the world.
Which is just what we want to avoid by making MRs stubby. 


>  Maybe another example more simple:
> 
>   In this case: [Tarzan]
>                         _____
>         _    p      _  |     |
>        |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>         _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>        |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                      |
> 
>        MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> 
>     Load-Balancing for Inbound traffic "easy" to manage.
> 
>   In this case: [Tarzan too]
> 
>              MR2
> 
>              p
>             <-_  |
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____
>        |_|-|     |-|     |
>         _  |       |     |-|        _
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>            |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
>             <-   |               |
>              p
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA
> 
>     Load-Balancing for Inbound traffic "hard" to manage.
> 
> 
>  So the difference are maybe not so visible in the solution level, but
> much more in the deployment / configuration level.
> 
>                      Best regard for the people who read the entire
mail.
> 

Ouf :)

>                                             -- Julien



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From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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        Chan-Wah Ng <cwng@psl.com.sg>, Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Subject: [nemo] Re: MH overloaded term (was: Multiple Egress vs multihoming)
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Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
>>>order to maintain connectivity while moving is a MH(x=0)
>>
>> Excuse-me that is MH? [Just for my information]
> 
> 
> Sorry! MultiHoming

Overloaded, I use MH sometimes for Mobile Host (not a Mobile Router), or 
for Mobility Header...

Just 2 cents.

Alex
GBU



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>
>
>  Let's go for comments:
>
>   The case:
>
>                        _____
>        _    p      _  |     |
>       |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>        _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>       |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                     |
>
>       MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
>
>   I think it a very classic multi-interface problem.
>
>  Solution requirements:
>
>   If you want to use the two interfaces at the same time:
>
>     o Allow several tunnels between a MR and a HA.
>     o Allow binding of Multiple CoAs for the same MN-Prefix.
>     o Identify the CoAs in the Prefix-BU.
>       Explanations for this requirement:
>
>         At a time on the HA you have:
>
>          HA Nemo Binding cache:
>             Prefix1/length -> CoA1.
>             Prefix1/length -> CoA2.
>
>         And then you receive a Prefix-BU from the same MR:
>            Prefix1/length -> CoA3.
>
>          Which CoA has changed the CoA1 or the CoA2 ?
>
>   If you use just one interface a the same time:
>
>     o Nothing, just switch the interface when one goes down.
>
>    But take care in this case the mobile router it's not a
>    Multihomed Mobile Router with this behavior according to:
>
>    ,----[ draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-01.txt ]
>    | Multihomed Mobile Router
>    |
>    | A MR is multihomed when it has simultaneously more than one
>    |                                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
>    | active connection to the Internet, that is when it is either:
>    |
>

I think we have a semantics issue here.  Does "simultaneously more than one 
active connection" mean that both are available for use or does that mean 
both are being used - data flowing over both links.   I initially thought 
this meant both are available for use.  However, I my though process was 
biased by the current mobile router implementation I am using.  Regardless, 
I think we need to clarify what is meant by "simultaneous active connection".

Will




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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: William D Ivancic <William.D.Ivancic@grc.nasa.gov>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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On Thu, 22 May 2003 10:49:19 -0400
William D Ivancic <William.D.Ivancic@grc.nasa.gov> wrote:

> >    ,----[ draft-ernst-nemo-terminology-01.txt ]
> >    | Multihomed Mobile Router
> >    |
> >    | A MR is multihomed when it has simultaneously more than one
> >    |                                ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
> >    | active connection to the Internet, that is when it is either:
> >    |
> >
> 
> I think we have a semantics issue here.  Does "simultaneously more than one 
> active connection" mean that both are available for use or does that mean 
> both are being used - data flowing over both links.   I initially thought 
> this meant both are available for use.  However, I my though process was 
> biased by the current mobile router implementation I am using.  Regardless, 
> I think we need to clarify what is meant by "simultaneous active connection".

Hi,

Let me explain what I mean.

It doesn't mean the connection is being used, it just means available
from t=0, and thus that both connections can potentially be used at the
same time.

From the conversations I had, I thought this is the meaning behind
"active", so should be clear. If someone has a better word, please let
me know.

[May be I catch your point. If you mean a MN has 2 CoAs with 2 APs, but
only one interface, this is not a multihomed case. Multihoming means you
have more than one access that you can use at the same time].

Thierry



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From: Ryuji Wakikawa<ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
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Hello all,

See my comments below.

>  Let's go for comments:
> 
>   The case:
> 
>                        _____
>        _    p      _  |     |
>       |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>        _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>       |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                     |
> 
>       MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> 
>   I think it a very classic multi-interface problem.
> 
>  Solution requirements:
> 
>   If you want to use the two interfaces at the same time:
> 
>     o Allow several tunnels between a MR and a HA.
>     o Allow binding of Multiple CoAs for the same MN-Prefix.
>     o Identify the CoAs in the Prefix-BU.
>       Explanations for this requirement:
> 
>         At a time on the HA you have:
> 
>          HA Nemo Binding cache:
>             Prefix1/length -> CoA1.
>             Prefix1/length -> CoA2.
> 
>         And then you receive a Prefix-BU from the same MR:
>            Prefix1/length -> CoA3.
> 
>          Which CoA has changed the CoA1 or the CoA2 ?

This is why I proposed draft-wakikawa-mip6-multiplecoa-00 on MIP.
And the draft can be applied to NEMO case, too.

> > JetSet: one MR that registers its prefix to Paris and New York at the
> > same time in order to optimize routing is a MH(x=1)
> >
> > The JetSet is the case where the multiple CareOfs are not registered to
> > the same HA. The HAs may be far away from each other. The JetSet problem
> > is the collaboration of the HAs in order to accept multiple
> > registrations, and the selection by the MR of the best via-HA to the
> > correspondent. Correlated problem is to get the packets onto the active
> > tuunels on the HA side. This is the problem for which I pointed out that
> > a dynamic routing over the MRHA is needed, including for me whatever
> > causes the MNP prefix to be injected in the Home AS routing protocol
> > while the MR is registered.
> 
>  The case:
> 
>                                  AR    HA2
>                                   _  |
>                                |-|_|-|  _
>                         _____  |     |-|_|
>         _    p      _  |     |-|
>        |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |
>         _  |-|_|-|     |_____|-|        _
>        |_|-|     |             |  _  |-|_|
>                                |-|_|-|
>                                      |
>        MNNs  MR    AR  Internet  AR    HA1
> 
>  Solution requirements:
> 
>   o Maybe nothing.
> 
>  Configuration used for:
> 
>   o HA redundancy
>   o Kind of Routing Optimization
>   o Load-Balancing & Policy
>     Outbound traffic:
>      o The MR choose between the two HAs. [priority]
>     Inbound traffic:
>      <maybe-far-away-from-nemo>
>       o Prefix-BU should carry some priority in the Prefix-BU for each
>         HA, and thus the HAs announce the prefix in IGP with metric
>         depending on this priority.
>      </maybe-far-away-from-nemo>


Pascal, question about Jetset.
I want to know whether Jetset case considers to place two HAs (which
serves same mobile network prefix/64(MNP)) in different IGP domains or not. 

If Yes, I think NEMO requires BGP level operations to route packets to
each HA.

For example, HA1 can announce MNP by BGP, but HA2 can not announce
same MNP by BGP. HA2 may allow to advertise MNP by IGP inside the IGP
domain. It is not acceptable to manage unaggregated prefix at BGP
level.

In this example, HA2 is useful only inside its IGP domain.  All packets
to the MNP will be routed to HA1 based on BGP routing.
In this case, HA2 may be treated as Correpondent Router of MR.

Sorry if this question was discussed already in ML.

regards,
ryuji

> > Shinkansen: A train with one prefix, one careof per MR and 2 MRs, which
> > is a MH(y=0).
> >
> > Shinkansen is about the high availability of a prefix being registered
> > by 2 different MRs. The problem is to make that transparent to the MNNs,
> > so that if the MRHA tunnel of one MR fails, the MNNs traffic move to the
> > other MR. Note that if we have both routers registering the same prefix
> > at the same time, this is an x case too. But the second MR can be in hot
> > standby, in which case this is not a x case.
> 
>  The case:
> 
>              MR2
> 
>              p
>             <-_  |
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____
>        |_|-|     |-|     |
>         _  |       |     |-|        _
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>            |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
>             <-   |               |
>              p
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA
> 
>  Solution requirements:
> 
>   o Allow binding of Multiple CoAs for the same MN-Prefix.
> 
>  Configuration used for:
> 
>   o Keep Connectivity Transparently
> 
>     Reasons:
>      o The Default Router Selection [RFC 2461, Section 6.3.6] ]is
>        implemented in all IPv6 Node.  So if a router is crunched by
>        godzilla the MNNs take the other transparently.
> 
>   o Router redundancy
> 
>   o Load-Balancing & Policy
> 
>     Outbound traffic:
> 
>      <sure-far-away-from-nemo>
> 
>      I think a kind of good solution is something like that:
> 
>      ,----[ draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt ]
>      | IPng Working Group                                               R. Draves
>      | Internet Draft                                          Microsoft Research
>      | Document: draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt                R. Hinden
>      |                                                                      Nokia
>      |                                                              June 10, 2002
>      |
>      |    Default Router Preferences, More-Specific Routes, and Load Sharing
>      `----
>      [http://ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt]
> 
>      </sure-far-away-from-nemo>
> 
>     Inbound traffic:
> 
>      o The HA choose between the two MR CoA's.
> 
>      So the Prefix-BU should carry some preference for each CoA.
> 
> > doubleBed: 2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media for their
> > mobile prefix (Erik's problem) is a MH(y=1)
> >
> > Say MR1 has prefix P1 and HA1, and that MR2 has P2 via HA2. doubleBed
> > problem is basically to allow traffic with a careOf in P2 to flow via
> > MR1. This requires MR1 to accept P2 in its ingress filtering selection.
> > This also requires, if MR2 is down, the HA1 sends traffic for P2 over
> > MRHA1. In other words, MR1 has and advertises P2. Julien's case with an
> > intermediate router is a good one. For me, this is a case where the MN
> > is not a stub anymore, and should be ruled out of scope real quick.
> 
>  The case:
> 
>              MR2             AR    HA2
> 
>              p2               _  |
>             <-_  |         |-|_|-|  _
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_| [Manage p2 only]
>        |_|-|     |-|     |-|
>         _  |       |     |
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
>            |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 only]
>             <-   |         |-|_|-|
>              p1                  |
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA1
> 
>  Solution requirements:
> 
>   o Manage the Ingress Filtering. [Maybe difficult or too high requirement].
> 
>  Configuration imposed by:
> 
>   o "2 MRs happening to share the same wireless media for their
>     mobile prefix".
> 
>  These case is maybe out of scope of Nemo.
> [See my write below].
> 
>  I prefer this case which is Doublebed too:
> 
>              MR2
> 
>              p2
>             <-_  |
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____
>        |_|-|     |-|     |
>         _  |       |     |-|        _
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>            |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
>             <-   |               |
>              p1
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA
> 
>  And in these case:
> 
>  Configuration used for:
> 
>   o Keep Connectivity Transparently
> 
>   o Router redundancy
> 
>   o Load-Balancing & Policy
> 
>     Outbound traffic:
> 
>      I think a kind of good solution is something like
>      [draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-02.txt] as I write above.
> 
>     Inbound traffic:
> 
>      o The HA choose between the two MR CoA's.
> 
>      So the Prefix-BU should carry some preference for each CoA.
> 
> > If you see other problems to be solved please update this discussion. I
> > could also help on the draft if you wish...
> 
>  Examples:
> 
> 
>                         _____
>         _   p1,p2   _  |     |
>        |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>         _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 & p2]
>        |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                      |
> 
>        MNNs   MR    AR Internet  AR    HA
> 
>  and
> 
>              MR2             AR    HA2
> 
>              p2               _  |
>             <-_  |         |-|_|-|  _
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____  |     |-|_| [Manage p2 only]
>        |_|-|     |-|     |-|
>         _  |       |     |
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____|-|        _
>            |-|_|-|         |  _  |-|_| [Manage p1 only]
>             <-   |         |-|_|-|
>              p1                  |
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA1
> 
>   Theses cases are Tarzan [Single HA for CoAs of a same Mobile Network
>  Prefix], and DoubleBed [Multiple prefixes advertised to the MNNs].
> 
>  In the first case:
> 
>   All work like for a simple Tarzan case, so you provide "Keep
>  Connectivity Transparently" easily. No problem with the doublebed
>  style. [No Ingress Filtering Rule to change]
> 
>  In the second case:
> 
>  [I hope I'll be clear as enough]
>  [I know you [Pascal] understand this problem is just a reminder]
> 
>   What's wrong with "Keep Connectivity Transparently":
> 
>    The MRs announce two different Mobile Network Prefixes. So the
>    MNNs have two global source addresses. The MNNs operates a Source
>    Address Selection [RFC 3484, section 5]. And:
> 
>    Example of lost connection:
> 
>     A MNN select for a connection the source address prefixed by
>     p1. And after a moment the connection to the HA1 is lost.
>     [Godzilla again].
> 
>     Thus the connection is lost. [You can't send the p1 prefixed
>     packets towards the HA2 because the Ingress Filtering]. But new
>     connection are possible using the other source addresses.
> 
>   The problem is the same for a fixed network.
> 
>  Solutions:
> 
>    [Not a real solution]
>   o Do not put different HAs who manage different Network Prefixes for a
>     same Mobile Network in different domains.
> 
>   o [draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-00,
>      section 3.2.2. Using Alternate Mobile Router]
> 
>   o Modify the Ingress filtering rules.
> 
>  Thus maybe [sometime] make difference between one router with
> multiple CoAs and multiple mobile router can be useful. But I have
> write before you provide a good solution, and these examples are very
> specific.
> 
>  Maybe another example more simple:
> 
>   In this case: [Tarzan]
>                         _____
>         _    p      _  |     |
>        |_|-|<-_  |-|_|-|     |-|        _
>         _  |-|_|=|     |_____| |  _  |-|_|
>        |_|-|     |             |-|_|-|
>                                      |
> 
>        MNNs   MR   AR  Internet  AR    HA
> 
>     Load-Balancing for Inbound traffic "easy" to manage.
> 
>   In this case: [Tarzan too]
> 
>              MR2
> 
>              p
>             <-_  |
>         _  |-|_|-|  _____
>        |_|-|     |-|     |
>         _  |       |     |-|        _
>        |_|-|  _  |-|_____| |  _  |-|_|
>            |-|_|-|         |-|_|-|
>             <-   |               |
>              p
> 
>        MNNs  MR1   Internet  AR    HA
> 
>     Load-Balancing for Inbound traffic "hard" to manage.
> 
> 
>  So the difference are maybe not so visible in the solution level, but
> much more in the deployment / configuration level.
> 
>                      Best regard for the people who read the entire mail.
> 
>                                             -- Julien



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
Date: Fri, 23 May 2003 12:32:59 +0100
Message-ID: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D9DAA3D8@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com>
Thread-Topic: [nemo] Multiple Egress vs multihoming
Thread-Index: AcMhGz6POZlLG8ACQxOah1jsmyA0lgAAxsCw
From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Ryuji Wakikawa" <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, <julien@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Cc: <nemo@ietf.org>, <cwng@psl.com.sg>, <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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> Pascal, question about Jetset.
> I want to know whether Jetset case considers to place two HAs (which
> serves same mobile network prefix/64(MNP)) in different IGP domains or
not.

Yes :)


> 
> If Yes, I think NEMO requires BGP level operations to route packets to
> each HA.
> 

I think you understand the problem. I'm not sure you word it right. I
think the HAs must form a routing plane that is across Admin boundaries,
and may redistribute the result in their own AS.

But if you have to design a HAHA protocol to replace the home network, I
suspect you'd better not tie it to a physical link and make it at L3,
for instance over a multicast group of HAs?


> For example, HA1 can announce MNP by BGP, but HA2 can not announce
> same MNP by BGP. HA2 may allow to advertise MNP by IGP inside the IGP
> domain. It is not acceptable to manage unaggregated prefix at BGP
> level.
> 
> In this example, HA2 is useful only inside its IGP domain.  All
packets
> to the MNP will be routed to HA1 based on BGP routing.
> In this case, HA2 may be treated as Correpondent Router of MR.
> 
> Sorry if this question was discussed already in ML.

Well, I mentioned that several times in the ML including to you. I think
Erik rejected the idea of the HA-HA protocol as being out of our
charter. Anyway, this case is one of the reasons why I support your
draft, even if it is an indirect one.

> 
> regards,

Me too :)

Pascal



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From: Chan-Wah Ng <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Subject: [nemo] draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-01.txt
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Hello, all,

We have submitted a new version of the multihoming draft for
publication.  It might take sometime for the draft to appear in the IETF
repository.  Meanwhile, it can be accessed via the following link:

http://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/~julien/papers/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-01.txt

Please give us your comments.  Hopefully, we can get it updated and
ready for discussion by the Vienna IETF.

Thanks.

-- 
Chan-Wah Ng <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Panasonic Singapore Laboratories



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Thread-Topic: [nemo-base-dt] slight difference in understanding
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, <nemo-base-dt@nal.motlabs.com>,
        <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hi Thierry:

We seem to have a slight difference in point of view. I understand that
for you, multiple egresses mean multiple physical egress links. For me,
it's multiple MNet-Home tunnels, active in parallel. 

-> So multiple CareOfs is a multihoming case.

-> Also, having multiple physical egress is not multihoming if you
register a single CareOf at any given point of time (I agree with
William). The number of egress physical interfaces seems to be a natural
thing for a router, but should be inconsequential to the protocol.

I believe that with Julien and Chan Wah, we came up with something that
you could retrofit in your requirements. In all cases, multihoming means
that the MNet is registered several times. In other words, there are
several active tunnels between home and the MNet. 

This may happen if a MR performs several registrations for a mobile
network, or if there are several active MRs registering the MNet in
parallel. 

-> The first sub-case appears if you have several CareOfs including-OR
several HAs, which cases you listed; but in that sub-case, having
multiple prefixes seem inconsequential since it's just repeating the
single prefix several times. 

-> The second sub-case appears if you have several MRs (...) but has
necessarily different CareOfs since there are different routers. But
having different prefixes advertised to the MNet introduces a new set of
problems.

The approaches to the way this list should be presented may have
differed a bit, but I hope this summary represents the state the part of
our discussion in the ML that we agreed upon(the rest being petty
details to be honest). Chan Wah, Julien is that OK?

Pascal



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From: Koshiro MITSUYA <mitsuya@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo@ietf.org
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Dear all, 

I have a comment on R01 of the nemo requirement draft.

In the draft, 

  R01: The solution MUST be implemented at the IP layer level.

And maybe the following text are corresponding to this requirement,  

  - Operational Transparency: NEMO support is to be implemented at the
    IP layer level. It is expected to be transparent to upper layers
    so that any upper layer protocol can run unchanged on top of an IP
    layer extended with NEMO support.

But I think that this requirement get us confused.  In fact, we have
some implementations of network-layer mobility protocols partly
implemented at application layer.

I forgot who did suggest this requirement by this description, but I
see what you want to say. Thus I would like to suggest,

  R01:  The solution MUST be transparent to upper layers.

FYI, in the mip6 draft,

   The movement of a mobile node away from its home link is thus
   transparent to transport and higher-layer protocols and
   applications.

What do you think about this??

thanks, 
Koshiro



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Hello,
         I Ravi Sekhar Reddy.A pursuing postgraduation in the field of Information and Communication Technology. At present I'm working on Mobile IP. I want to know how the Address Resolution Protocol works in Mobile IP and what are the currently used Address Resolution Protocols in Mobile IP.Can you please send me the rquired information. 
                 Thanking you
Regards
Ravi Sekhar Reddy.A
M.Tech (Information and Communication Technology)




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<DIV>
<DIV>
<DIV>Hello,</DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; I Ravi Sekhar Reddy.A pursuing postgraduation in the field of <STRONG>Information and Communication Technology</STRONG>. At present I'm working on <STRONG>Mobile IP</STRONG>. I want to know how the <STRONG>Address Resolution Protocol</STRONG> works in <STRONG>Mobile IP</STRONG> and what are the <STRONG>currently used Address Resolution</STRONG> <STRONG>Protocols</STRONG> <STRONG>in Mobile IP</STRONG>.Can you please send me the rquired information. </DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Thanking you</DIV>
<DIV>Regards</DIV>
<DIV>Ravi Sekhar Reddy.A</DIV>
<DIV>M.Tech (Information and Communication Technology)</DIV></DIV></DIV><p><hr SIZE=1>
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Subject: [nemo] LANOMS'03 - Nine days to the Deadline (JUNE 6TH) - No more extendable
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LANOMS'03 - Nine days to the Deadline (JUNE 6TH) - No more extendable

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			     LANOMS 2003
			     -----------

    3rd Latin American Network Operations and Management Symposium
			Iguassu Falls, Brazil
			 September 4-6, 2003
	      IEEE ComSoc CNOM Technically Co-sponsored
	   http://www.inf.ufpr.br/lanoms lanoms@inf.ufpr.br
			   
			   Call for Papers
			   ---------------
The Third Latin American Network Operations and Management Symposium -
LANOMS, to be  held in Iguassu Falls  (Foz do Iguaçu),  Brazil, is the
result of the great success of both LANOMS'1999 which  was held in Rio
de Janeiro  and LANOMS'2001 which was  held in Belo Horizonte, as well
as the other  events in the  area of network  management known as NOMS
and APNOMS.  NOMS (Network   Operations and Management Symposium)  was
originally created 13 years ago, and  nowadays constitutes a worldwide
event  for the  researches  in the  area  of network  management.  The
Asia/Pacific  community  promoted   the APNOMS (Asia-Pacific   Network
Operations and Management Symposium),  which is an event more oriented
to the research and development community  in that region.  Continuing
the success of the second LANOMS, we will promote the third edition of
LANOMS  (http://www.inf.ufpr.br/lanoms)  on  September   4-6  2003,
in Iguassu Falls, Paraná, Brazil.

The  symposium is  a promotion  of   the Federal University  of Paraná
(UFPR), Brazil,    technically  co-sponsored  by   IEEE Communications
Society,  and supported  by  IEEE   Technical  Committee on    Network
Operations and Management (CNOM).
The main goal of the LANOMS is to create a forum  more specific to the
necessities   of Latin  America  in  the area   of network  management
involving    networking and    telecommunication  companies,  academic
institutions  and   equipment vendors.  LANOMS  is   an  event open to
participants from all  over the world who are  interest in  having, or
already have, research or commercial  liaisons in Latin America -  one
of the fastest growing regions in the  world in networking. This year,
we  intend to  increase  the submissions  from North America,  Europe,
Africa and Asia.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
- Integrating Intrusion Detection and Network Management
- Intrusion Policy Management
- Web Services Security
- Business and Service Management
- Management Platforms, Interoperability, Standards and Protocols
- Management  of Networks and  Services:  VPNs, Optical Networks, CATV
Networks,  Mobile/Wireless and     Ad-Hoc Networks,   Voice over   IP,
Transaction-Oriented  Services,   Electronic   Commerce, Active    and
Programmable Networks, Sensor Networks
- Management Technologies and Frameworks (Web, XML, CORBA, DEN, etc)
- Management Aspects of Service Pricing, Accounting and Billing
- Management of Service Level Agreements and Quality of Service
- Bandwidth Brokerage
- Data Warehousing and Data Mining in Management
- Programmable, Mobile and Intelligent Agents in Management
- Network and Systems Monitoring 
- Fault and Performance Management
- Security Management
- Configuration Management and Policy-Driven Management
- Information Modeling
- Traffic and Performance Management
- Open-Source Management Software
- Management  of Grid Computing,  Clusters, Peer-to-Peer Applications,
and Ubiquitous Computing Environments
- Operations Support Systems 
- Business Processes for Network and Service Management 
- Peer-to-peer Network Technologies for Management 
- Management of Distributed Systems
- Case Studies and Experiences in Management
Authors are invited to submit  unpublished papers, which are not under
review   for  publication elsewhere. Papers  are   to  be submitted in
English.   Submissions   should be  complete, full-length   papers and
should not   exceed  12 pages.   Electronic  submission  of papers  is
mandatory.  Full instructions  for the electronic submissions will  be
available soon on   the LANOMS  Web page.   Authors   are requested to
submit papers  in PDF (preferred) or  PostScript  format via web.  The
manuscript should include an abstract and three key-words.  The format
is size A4 (preferred) or Letter, single column, font size 12.
All papers will be carefully reviewed  by at least three international
experts  and returned to  the author(s) with  comments  to ensure high
quality.

Important Dates:
----------------
        Deadline for receipt of papers:       June  06, 2003
        Notification of acceptance:           June  30, 2003
        Final camera ready paper due:         July  15, 2003

LANOMS 2003 Committee
---------------------
General Chair:
  Elias Procópio Duarte Jr., Brazil          elias@inf.ufpr.br
TPC Chair:
  Edmundo Roberto Mauro Madeira, Brazil    edmundo@ic.unicamp.br
Tutorial Chair:
  José Marcos Silva Nogueira, Brazil       jmarcos@dcc.ufmg.br
Publicity Chair:
  Carlos Becker Westphall, Brazil          westphal@lrg.ufsc.br

International Liaisons:
  Asia: Masayoshi Ejiri                    ejiri@jp.fujitsu.com
  Australia: Abbas Jamalipour              abbas@ee.usyd.edu.au
  Europe: Rolf Stadler                     stadler@ctr.columbia.edu
  North America: Mehmet Ulema              mehmet.ulema@manhattan.edu
  Africa: Abderrahim Sekkaki               sekkaki@hotmail.com
  Peru: Carlos Silva                       csilva@pucp.edu.pe
  Colombia: Aldo Forero                    aforero@col1.telecom.com.co
  Colombia: Omar Rodriguez Ramirez         omar-r@andinet.com
  Chile: Ivan Ramirez Ayala                iraft@123mail.cl
  Costa Rica: Francisco Murrillo           fmurillos@ice.go.cr

Technical Program Committee:
 Abdelmalek Benzekri - Université Paul Sabatier, France
 Ahmed Karmouch - Univ. of Ottawa, Canada
 Antonio Alfredo F. Loureiro - Federal Univ. of Minas Gerais, Brazil
 Bruno R. Schulze - LNCC, Brazil
 Carlos Becker Westphall - Federal Univ. of Santa Catarina, Brazil
 Carlos de Castro Goulart - Federal Univ. of Viçosa, Brazil
 Elias P. Duarte Jr. (General Chair) - Federal Univ. of Paraná, Brazil
 Edmundo Monteiro - Univ. of Coimbra, Portugal
 Edmundo R. M. Madeira (TPC Chair) - State Univ. of Campinas, Brazil
 Edward L. Pinnes - Telcordia, USA
 Elizabeth Specialski - Federal Univ. of Santa Catarina, Brazil
 Fernando Boavida - Univ. of Coimbra, Portugal
 Germán Goldszmidt - IBM, USA
 Iara Machado - RNP, Brazil
 James Won-Ki Hong - Postech, Korea
 Javier Diaz - Univ. of La Plata, Argentina
 José Marcos Silva Nogueira - Federal Univ. of Minas Gerais, Brazil
 José Neuman de Souza - Federal Univ. of Ceará, Brazil
 Liane Tarouco - Federal Univ. of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
 Lisandro Z. Granville - Federal Univ. of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
 Luciano P. Gaspary - Univ. of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Brazil
 Lundy Lewis - Aprisma Management Technologies, USA
 Masayoshi Ejiri - Fujitsu, Japan
 Mehmet Ulema, Manhattan College, USA
 Nazim Agoulmine - Univ. of Evry - France
 Nelson L.S. Fonseca - State Univ. of Campinas, Brazil
 Otto C.M.B. Duarte - Federal Univ. of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
 Raouf Boutaba - Univ. of Waterloo, Canada
 Thomas Magedanz - IKV++ Technologies AG, TU Berlin, Germany






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Date: Tue, 27 May 2003 21:36:03 -0700 (PDT)
From: atq atiq <atq111@yahoo.com>
To: nemo@nal.motlabs.com
In-Reply-To: <20030527072208.9775.qmail@web10502.mail.yahoo.com>
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Subject: [nemo] simple question - pls answer - why the bidirectional tunnel
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Dear all,
As a new customer, i don't understand the need for tunnelling for the
case 
VMN[say, laptop] ---> FAofMR --[tunnelling here]--> HAofMR ---> CN

to send packets from VMN to CN [assume that CN already sent some to
VMN].

if there is no tunnelling from FAofMR --[tunnelling here]--> HAofMR,
what is the prob. or otherwise what's the benefits?

Pls. let me know.

Thanks in advance.


aa


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Date: Wed, 28 May 2003 16:36:15 +1000
From: Greg Daley <greg.daley@eng.monash.edu.au>
Subject: Re: [nemo] simple question - pls answer - why the bidirectional tunnel
To: atq atiq <atq111@yahoo.com>
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Hello Atiq,

Routers in the visited fixed network will Ingress filter
to prevent address spoofing.
Reverse tunnels are required, so that MNNs have an
address on the NEMO which is topologically correct.

Greg Daley.

atq atiq wrote:
> Dear all,
> As a new customer, i don't understand the need for tunnelling for the
> case 
> VMN[say, laptop] ---> FAofMR --[tunnelling here]--> HAofMR ---> CN
> 
> to send packets from VMN to CN [assume that CN already sent some to
> VMN].
> 
> if there is no tunnelling from FAofMR --[tunnelling here]--> HAofMR,
> what is the prob. or otherwise what's the benefits?
> 
> Pls. let me know.
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> 
> aa
> 
> 
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