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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in 
                          Mobile Network
	Author(s)	: J. Jeong et al.
	Filename	: draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
	Pages		: 13
	Date		: 2003-10-2
	
This document specifies a mechanism for enabling mobile nodes in IPv6 
mobile network to perform route optimization.  The route optimization 
is possible because mobile router relays the prefix of its Care-of 
address to its mobile nodes by playing the role of ND-proxy.   
Through binding updates associated with the network prefix of an 
access network, the mobile nodes can perform route optimization.  In 
addition, this document explains how mobile nodes can optimize its 
DNS name resolution through RA-based DNS discovery.  By announcing 
the address of local recursive DNS server, mobile router allows 
mobile nodes to optimize their DNS name resolution.

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in 
                          Mobile Network
	Author(s)	: J. Jeong et al.
	Filename	: draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
	Pages		: 13
	Date		: 2003-10-2
	
This document specifies a mechanism for enabling mobile nodes in IPv6 
mobile network to perform route optimization.  The route optimization 
is possible because mobile router relays the prefix of its Care-of 
address to its mobile nodes by playing the role of ND-proxy.   
Through binding updates associated with the network prefix of an 
access network, the mobile nodes can perform route optimization.  In 
addition, this document explains how mobile nodes can optimize its 
DNS name resolution through RA-based DNS discovery.  By announcing 
the address of local recursive DNS server, mobile router allows 
mobile nodes to optimize their DNS name resolution.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct  2 11:44:25 2003
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To: "KAI CHEONG WONG" <vincentkcwong@hotmail.com>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: KAI CHEONG WONG [mailto:vincentkcwong@hotmail.com]
> Sent: jeudi 2 octobre 2003 16:35
> To: Pascal Thubert (pthubert)
> Subject: some inquiries
>=20
> Dear sir,
>=20
>    I am an university student in australia. Iam doing a research on
the problem of NEMO basic
> potocol whch is the drawback of double crossing over tunnel. It
happens when LFN decides to
> communicate with VMN in the same subnetwork such as in the train. It
is because the LFN dont
> know the VMN is on the same link, that means LFN will send packets to
the MR which forwards
> packets to its HA crossing the tunnel. After the HA received the
packets, it will send back
> to the MR crossing the same tunnel again. It leads to the
inefficiency. However, i have read
> the draft-ietf, it seems doesnt mention about that problem. I would
like to know more about
> the following,
>=20
> 1, Why there exist the bi-directional tunnel between the MR and its HA
insteads of uni-
> directional tunnel? Can MNN such as VMN send the packets to CN using
VMN's home address as
> the source address and send it directly through the foreign link which
its attaching ?

Normally VMN creates a connected route to the visited prefix. If the
destination is on that prefix, then the routing should forward the
packet on link as opposed to via the tunnel, and SAS should make the VMN
select the careof as source. All normal business by RFC 3484. We thought
of writing down a few words on that but did not because it all goes by
standards.


>=20
> 2, What is the FA of the VMN which attaching to the mobile network?
>=20

No FA in MIPv6...

> 3,  What is the solution(based on NEMO basic protocol) which should
clearly address the
> problem of double crossing over tunnel?
>=20
In a more complex topology behind the MR, it would be Route
optimization, if the LFN supports CN.

Pascal



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To: "KAI CHEONG WONG" <vincentkcwong@hotmail.com>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: KAI CHEONG WONG [mailto:vincentkcwong@hotmail.com]
> Sent: jeudi 2 octobre 2003 16:35
> To: Pascal Thubert (pthubert)
> Subject: some inquiries
>=20
> Dear sir,
>=20
>    I am an university student in australia. Iam doing a research on
the problem of NEMO basic
> potocol whch is the drawback of double crossing over tunnel. It
happens when LFN decides to
> communicate with VMN in the same subnetwork such as in the train. It
is because the LFN dont
> know the VMN is on the same link, that means LFN will send packets to
the MR which forwards
> packets to its HA crossing the tunnel. After the HA received the
packets, it will send back
> to the MR crossing the same tunnel again. It leads to the
inefficiency. However, i have read
> the draft-ietf, it seems doesnt mention about that problem. I would
like to know more about
> the following,
>=20
> 1, Why there exist the bi-directional tunnel between the MR and its HA
insteads of uni-
> directional tunnel? Can MNN such as VMN send the packets to CN using
VMN's home address as
> the source address and send it directly through the foreign link which
its attaching ?

Normally VMN creates a connected route to the visited prefix. If the
destination is on that prefix, then the routing should forward the
packet on link as opposed to via the tunnel, and SAS should make the VMN
select the careof as source. All normal business by RFC 3484. We thought
of writing down a few words on that but did not because it all goes by
standards.


>=20
> 2, What is the FA of the VMN which attaching to the mobile network?
>=20

No FA in MIPv6...

> 3,  What is the solution(based on NEMO basic protocol) which should
clearly address the
> problem of double crossing over tunnel?
>=20
In a more complex topology behind the MR, it would be Route
optimization, if the LFN supports CN.

Pascal




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Subject: RE: [nemo] I-D ACTION:draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
Date: Thu, 2 Oct 2003 16:52:00 +0100
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Hi Paul:

I read your draft with great interest, and it seems fair to discuss RO
now that basic nemo has progressed a lot. I found the solution
attractive and very clever. It has a close alternate with MR doing
transparent bridging, where you'd use flooding down the nested tree
(used as a spanning tree) to locate a CareOF and set the states.=20

For both approaches, I wonder how the mobility of a subtree works,
because it's all states in the intermediate routers that need to be
maintained. This is BTW the reason why we emulated source route bridging
(with RRH) as opposed to transparent, though transparent looked more
attractive for other reasons, including the HA side.

What do you think?

Pascal

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org [mailto:Internet-Drafts@ietf.org]
> Sent: jeudi 2 octobre 2003 16:50
> Cc: nemo@ietf.org
> Subject: [nemo] I-D ACTION:draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
>=20
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
directories.
>=20
>=20
> 	Title		: ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile
Nodes in
>                           Mobile Network
> 	Author(s)	: J. Jeong et al.
> 	Filename	: draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
> 	Pages		: 13
> 	Date		: 2003-10-2
>=20
> This document specifies a mechanism for enabling mobile nodes in IPv6
> mobile network to perform route optimization.  The route optimization
> is possible because mobile router relays the prefix of its Care-of
> address to its mobile nodes by playing the role of ND-proxy.
> Through binding updates associated with the network prefix of an
> access network, the mobile nodes can perform route optimization.  In
> addition, this document explains how mobile nodes can optimize its
> DNS name resolution through RA-based DNS discovery.  By announcing
> the address of local recursive DNS server, mobile router allows
> mobile nodes to optimize their DNS name resolution.
>=20
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
>=20
> To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to
> ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the
message.
>=20
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the
username
> "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
> type "cd internet-drafts" and then
> 	"get draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt".
>=20
> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
> or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
>=20
>=20
> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
>=20
> Send a message to:
> 	mailserv@ietf.org.
> In the body type:
> 	"FILE /internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt".
>=20
> NOTE:	The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
> 	MIME-encoded form by using the "mpack" utility.  To use this
> 	feature, insert the command "ENCODING mime" before the "FILE"
> 	command.  To decode the response(s), you will need "munpack" or
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readers
> 	exhibit different behavior, especially when dealing with
> 	"multipart" MIME messages (i.e. documents which have been split
> 	up into multiple messages), so check your local documentation on
> 	how to manipulate these messages.
>=20
>=20
> Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
> implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
> Internet-Draft.



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Subject: RE: [nemo] I-D ACTION:draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
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Hi Paul:

I read your draft with great interest, and it seems fair to discuss RO
now that basic nemo has progressed a lot. I found the solution
attractive and very clever. It has a close alternate with MR doing
transparent bridging, where you'd use flooding down the nested tree
(used as a spanning tree) to locate a CareOF and set the states.=20

For both approaches, I wonder how the mobility of a subtree works,
because it's all states in the intermediate routers that need to be
maintained. This is BTW the reason why we emulated source route bridging
(with RRH) as opposed to transparent, though transparent looked more
attractive for other reasons, including the HA side.

What do you think?

Pascal

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org [mailto:Internet-Drafts@ietf.org]
> Sent: jeudi 2 octobre 2003 16:50
> Cc: nemo@ietf.org
> Subject: [nemo] I-D ACTION:draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
>=20
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
directories.
>=20
>=20
> 	Title		: ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile
Nodes in
>                           Mobile Network
> 	Author(s)	: J. Jeong et al.
> 	Filename	: draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
> 	Pages		: 13
> 	Date		: 2003-10-2
>=20
> This document specifies a mechanism for enabling mobile nodes in IPv6
> mobile network to perform route optimization.  The route optimization
> is possible because mobile router relays the prefix of its Care-of
> address to its mobile nodes by playing the role of ND-proxy.
> Through binding updates associated with the network prefix of an
> access network, the mobile nodes can perform route optimization.  In
> addition, this document explains how mobile nodes can optimize its
> DNS name resolution through RA-based DNS discovery.  By announcing
> the address of local recursive DNS server, mobile router allows
> mobile nodes to optimize their DNS name resolution.
>=20
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
>=20
> To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to
> ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the
message.
>=20
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the
username
> "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
> type "cd internet-drafts" and then
> 	"get draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt".
>=20
> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
> or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
>=20
>=20
> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
>=20
> Send a message to:
> 	mailserv@ietf.org.
> In the body type:
> 	"FILE /internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt".
>=20
> NOTE:	The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
> 	MIME-encoded form by using the "mpack" utility.  To use this
> 	feature, insert the command "ENCODING mime" before the "FILE"
> 	command.  To decode the response(s), you will need "munpack" or
> 	a MIME-compliant mail reader.  Different MIME-compliant mail
readers
> 	exhibit different behavior, especially when dealing with
> 	"multipart" MIME messages (i.e. documents which have been split
> 	up into multiple messages), so check your local documentation on
> 	how to manipulate these messages.
>=20
>=20
> Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
> implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
> Internet-Draft.




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Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
> Hi Paul:
> 
> I read your draft with great interest, and it seems fair to discuss RO
> now that basic nemo has progressed a lot. I found the solution
> attractive and very clever. It has a close alternate with MR doing
> transparent bridging, where you'd use flooding down the nested tree
> (used as a spanning tree) to locate a CareOF and set the states. 

I think this approach is attractive in the sense that it doesn't require 
any trust reationship between the MR and the MNNs. And trust is probably 
a huge problem for other solutions of RO in NEMO.

On the other hand, every MNN have to signal their mobility 
independently, which may cause a BU storm when the network moves. Also, 
it would be interesting to know something about how quickly movement on 
the egress side of the root MR will be propagated down to all sub-NEMOs 
and their MNNs. MNNs will suffer from lost packets until the RAs have 
been propagated down, created CoAs and sent BUs. RA mechanism is 
unfortunately unreliable, so it is difficult to verify that all MNNs 
have learnt that the network has moved.

Conclusion: the approach is very useful if the network moves 
occasionally, but not to recommend if it moves often.

/Mattias

> 
> For both approaches, I wonder how the mobility of a subtree works,
> because it's all states in the intermediate routers that need to be
> maintained. This is BTW the reason why we emulated source route bridging
> (with RRH) as opposed to transparent, though transparent looked more
> attractive for other reasons, including the HA side.
> 
> What do you think?
> 
> Pascal




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Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
> Hi Paul:
> 
> I read your draft with great interest, and it seems fair to discuss RO
> now that basic nemo has progressed a lot. I found the solution
> attractive and very clever. It has a close alternate with MR doing
> transparent bridging, where you'd use flooding down the nested tree
> (used as a spanning tree) to locate a CareOF and set the states. 

I think this approach is attractive in the sense that it doesn't require 
any trust reationship between the MR and the MNNs. And trust is probably 
a huge problem for other solutions of RO in NEMO.

On the other hand, every MNN have to signal their mobility 
independently, which may cause a BU storm when the network moves. Also, 
it would be interesting to know something about how quickly movement on 
the egress side of the root MR will be propagated down to all sub-NEMOs 
and their MNNs. MNNs will suffer from lost packets until the RAs have 
been propagated down, created CoAs and sent BUs. RA mechanism is 
unfortunately unreliable, so it is difficult to verify that all MNNs 
have learnt that the network has moved.

Conclusion: the approach is very useful if the network moves 
occasionally, but not to recommend if it moves often.

/Mattias

> 
> For both approaches, I wonder how the mobility of a subtree works,
> because it's all states in the intermediate routers that need to be
> maintained. This is BTW the reason why we emulated source route bridging
> (with RRH) as opposed to transparent, though transparent looked more
> attractive for other reasons, including the HA side.
> 
> What do you think?
> 
> Pascal





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KAI CHEONG WONG wrote:
> I am an university student in australia. Iam doing a research on the 
> problem of NEMO basic potocol whch is the drawback of double crossing
> over tunnel. It happens when LFN decides to communicate with VMN in
> the same subnetwork such as in the train. It is because the LFN dont
> know the VMN is on the same link, that means LFN will send packets to
> the MR which forwards packets to its HA crossing the tunnel. After
> the HA received the packets, it will send back to the MR crossing the
> same tunnel again. It leads to the inefficiency.

This inefficiency is indeed not very good.  However, if one considers
that a MN that visits the train performs classical Mobile IPv6-based RO
with the CN that resides fixed in that train, then the inefficiency of
double encapsulation happens only before the RO procedure is performed.
 After RO, MN and CN talk directly, no tunnels.

In addition to this, SAS (source address selection) employed correctly
between MN and CN could help towards not needing RO at all; (of course
this has the drawback that CN can not talk to MN's Home Address).

I would also add that, when I read the generic train description you
provide, I can't see that the tunnels involved (between MN and its HA,
and between MR and its HA) would "cross over" each other, they are
encapsulated one into the other.

Two tunnels "cross" each other when one (and only one) endpoint of one
tunnel is in the IP path formed by the the two endpoints of the other
tunnel.  This is a definition I'm trying, my oppinion only, feel free to
invent other definitions.

In your scenario, tunnels would "cross" each other only if the train
moving network could be at home when inside the VMN, which is
unrealistic of course.

But in other scenarios, this problem _could_ be realistic:

Assume that a car contains a mobile network and an MR to connect to the
Internet via GPRS and WLAN hotspots only.  Inside this car, there is
another mobile network, that has another smaller MR that connects with
Bluetooth to the car bigger mobile network, and that offers WLAN access
to its LFN. This smaller mobile network is served by a HA deployed in
the car.  This grouping of mobile networks can move freely wherever GPRS
or WLAN coverage exists.  The smaller mobile network can separate, get
out of the car and connect to a train, or go inside driver's house.  All
entities can connect to the Internet and be reached at their permanent
home addresses, if the current nemo base solution is used.

But, move the car to an area where is no GPRS nor WLAN coverage, such as
a remote montaineous location, driver's cottage connected to the
Internet with a satellite dish.  There is only a Bluetooth AP in this
small hose.  In this case, the only way to connect everything to
the Internet, is to first connect the smaller mobile network via
Bluetooth to the house Bluetooth AP (instead of the car's BT AP) and the
car bigger mobile network to the small mobile network with WLAN (instead
of to a hotspot area AP).  This can be done and all entities in both
mobile networks can be connected to the Internet but, with current
solution, they can not be reached at their permanent home address.

(wondering about comercialization of this scenario, look at Carey doing
GPRS outside and WLAN inside the luxury sedan).

> However, i have read the draft-ietf, it seems doesnt mention about 
> that problem.

I'm not sure that the current network mobility solution as described by
the draft should treat this problem.  Maybe this can be solved by other
means, RO, SAS and other tools can be employed.

At most this could be mentioned as an acknowledged limitation related to
a particular scenario of deployment.  But then again, maybe this is more
related to "usages" or potential scenarios, or more to an applicability
statement.  One simple solution draft can not solve everything to
everybody.  It already does a good job for most scenarios, I believe.

> 1, Why there exist the bi-directional tunnel between the MR and its 
> HA insteads of uni-directional tunnel?

Bidirectional is better than uni-directional.  It avoids outgoing
packets always taking different paths than incoming packets, which might
break somehow TCP.  It also avoids many other bad things.  Moreover, it
allowed people to design a three-party scheme to perform Route
Optimization with a higher level of security (when no sec infrastructure
can be relied upon).

> Can MNN such as VMN send the packets to CN using VMN's home address 
> as the source address and send it directly through the foreign link 
> which its attaching ?

MN's home address can be filtered out by the foreign link because not
being topologically correct.  So, no, VMN should not use its HoA, but
its CoA.

> 2, What is the FA of the VMN which attaching to the mobile network?

With Mobile IPv6, the FA concept of Mobile IPv4 is eliminated, in that
the tunnel between MH and its HA finishes at MH (instead of FA, or
"co-located CoA"), in that an address can be obtained from the RA of an
AR, or in that a DHCPv6 server can exist anywhere in the visited domain
(not necessarily in the FA).

In other words, it is sufficient for MR to send RA's to the fixed link
in the train, no need of FA.

> 3,  What is the solution(based on NEMO basic protocol) which should 
> clearly address the problem of double crossing over tunnel?

Choose.  Base your choice on the basic protocol, but without touching it
too much.  You have an idea?

Alex
GBU




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KAI CHEONG WONG wrote:
> I am an university student in australia. Iam doing a research on the 
> problem of NEMO basic potocol whch is the drawback of double crossing
> over tunnel. It happens when LFN decides to communicate with VMN in
> the same subnetwork such as in the train. It is because the LFN dont
> know the VMN is on the same link, that means LFN will send packets to
> the MR which forwards packets to its HA crossing the tunnel. After
> the HA received the packets, it will send back to the MR crossing the
> same tunnel again. It leads to the inefficiency.

This inefficiency is indeed not very good.  However, if one considers
that a MN that visits the train performs classical Mobile IPv6-based RO
with the CN that resides fixed in that train, then the inefficiency of
double encapsulation happens only before the RO procedure is performed.
 After RO, MN and CN talk directly, no tunnels.

In addition to this, SAS (source address selection) employed correctly
between MN and CN could help towards not needing RO at all; (of course
this has the drawback that CN can not talk to MN's Home Address).

I would also add that, when I read the generic train description you
provide, I can't see that the tunnels involved (between MN and its HA,
and between MR and its HA) would "cross over" each other, they are
encapsulated one into the other.

Two tunnels "cross" each other when one (and only one) endpoint of one
tunnel is in the IP path formed by the the two endpoints of the other
tunnel.  This is a definition I'm trying, my oppinion only, feel free to
invent other definitions.

In your scenario, tunnels would "cross" each other only if the train
moving network could be at home when inside the VMN, which is
unrealistic of course.

But in other scenarios, this problem _could_ be realistic:

Assume that a car contains a mobile network and an MR to connect to the
Internet via GPRS and WLAN hotspots only.  Inside this car, there is
another mobile network, that has another smaller MR that connects with
Bluetooth to the car bigger mobile network, and that offers WLAN access
to its LFN. This smaller mobile network is served by a HA deployed in
the car.  This grouping of mobile networks can move freely wherever GPRS
or WLAN coverage exists.  The smaller mobile network can separate, get
out of the car and connect to a train, or go inside driver's house.  All
entities can connect to the Internet and be reached at their permanent
home addresses, if the current nemo base solution is used.

But, move the car to an area where is no GPRS nor WLAN coverage, such as
a remote montaineous location, driver's cottage connected to the
Internet with a satellite dish.  There is only a Bluetooth AP in this
small hose.  In this case, the only way to connect everything to
the Internet, is to first connect the smaller mobile network via
Bluetooth to the house Bluetooth AP (instead of the car's BT AP) and the
car bigger mobile network to the small mobile network with WLAN (instead
of to a hotspot area AP).  This can be done and all entities in both
mobile networks can be connected to the Internet but, with current
solution, they can not be reached at their permanent home address.

(wondering about comercialization of this scenario, look at Carey doing
GPRS outside and WLAN inside the luxury sedan).

> However, i have read the draft-ietf, it seems doesnt mention about 
> that problem.

I'm not sure that the current network mobility solution as described by
the draft should treat this problem.  Maybe this can be solved by other
means, RO, SAS and other tools can be employed.

At most this could be mentioned as an acknowledged limitation related to
a particular scenario of deployment.  But then again, maybe this is more
related to "usages" or potential scenarios, or more to an applicability
statement.  One simple solution draft can not solve everything to
everybody.  It already does a good job for most scenarios, I believe.

> 1, Why there exist the bi-directional tunnel between the MR and its 
> HA insteads of uni-directional tunnel?

Bidirectional is better than uni-directional.  It avoids outgoing
packets always taking different paths than incoming packets, which might
break somehow TCP.  It also avoids many other bad things.  Moreover, it
allowed people to design a three-party scheme to perform Route
Optimization with a higher level of security (when no sec infrastructure
can be relied upon).

> Can MNN such as VMN send the packets to CN using VMN's home address 
> as the source address and send it directly through the foreign link 
> which its attaching ?

MN's home address can be filtered out by the foreign link because not
being topologically correct.  So, no, VMN should not use its HoA, but
its CoA.

> 2, What is the FA of the VMN which attaching to the mobile network?

With Mobile IPv6, the FA concept of Mobile IPv4 is eliminated, in that
the tunnel between MH and its HA finishes at MH (instead of FA, or
"co-located CoA"), in that an address can be obtained from the RA of an
AR, or in that a DHCPv6 server can exist anywhere in the visited domain
(not necessarily in the FA).

In other words, it is sufficient for MR to send RA's to the fixed link
in the train, no need of FA.

> 3,  What is the solution(based on NEMO basic protocol) which should 
> clearly address the problem of double crossing over tunnel?

Choose.  Base your choice on the basic protocol, but without touching it
too much.  You have an idea?

Alex
GBU





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From: "Jaehoon Paul Jeong" <paul@etri.re.kr>
To: "Pascal Thubert \(pthubert\)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Cc: <nemo@ietf.org>, "autonet" <autonet@ipv6.or.kr>
References: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D9021B9DCA@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] I-D ACTION:draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
Date: Sat, 4 Oct 2003 12:27:40 +0900
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To: "Pascal Thubert \(pthubert\)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
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References: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D9021B9DCA@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] I-D ACTION:draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
Date: Sat, 4 Oct 2003 12:27:40 +0900
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Subject: Re: [nemo] I-D ACTION:draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct  8 05:19:39 2003
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From: Wanrong Yu <wlyu@nudt.edu.cn>
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Hi,all
  I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I 
have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars), 
these cars meet and want to communication with each 
other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some 
reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
  From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict 
of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the 
aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the 
ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario 
above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO 
or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise 
such as routing and security.
   Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some 
current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
   Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!

 Wanrong Yu



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From: Wanrong Yu <wlyu@nudt.edu.cn>
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Hi,all
  I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I 
have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars), 
these cars meet and want to communication with each 
other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some 
reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
  From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict 
of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the 
aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the 
ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario 
above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO 
or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise 
such as routing and security.
   Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some 
current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
   Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!

 Wanrong Yu




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Subject: RE: [nemo] NEMO or MANET?
Date: Wed, 8 Oct 2003 10:42:54 +0100
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Wanrong Yu" <wlyu@nudt.edu.cn>, <nemo@ietf.org>, <manet@ietf.org>
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Hi:

I like your summary, and agree with most of it.

From the Nemo standpoint, you need the HA in the picture to set the
initial pointers, and then RO can take over, even if you loose
connectivity to the HA. Also, if you build an engineered structure with
the relevant HAs in place -you may have a hierarchical pyramid of HAs-,
you can move the structure independently of the global infrastructure
and preserve inner connectivity.=20

But more than that seems to me out of the scope of Nemo.

Pascal
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Wanrong Yu [mailto:wlyu@nudt.edu.cn]
> Sent: mercredi 8 octobre 2003 11:25
> To: nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: [nemo] NEMO or MANET?
>=20
> Hi,all
>   I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I
> have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
> each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars),
> these cars meet and want to communication with each
> other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some
> reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
>   From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict
> of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the
> aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the
> ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario
> above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO
> or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise
> such as routing and security.
>    Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some
> current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
>    Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!
>=20
>  Wanrong Yu




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Subject: RE: [nemo] NEMO or MANET?
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
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Hi:

I like your summary, and agree with most of it.

From the Nemo standpoint, you need the HA in the picture to set the
initial pointers, and then RO can take over, even if you loose
connectivity to the HA. Also, if you build an engineered structure with
the relevant HAs in place -you may have a hierarchical pyramid of HAs-,
you can move the structure independently of the global infrastructure
and preserve inner connectivity.=20

But more than that seems to me out of the scope of Nemo.

Pascal
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Wanrong Yu [mailto:wlyu@nudt.edu.cn]
> Sent: mercredi 8 octobre 2003 11:25
> To: nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: [nemo] NEMO or MANET?
>=20
> Hi,all
>   I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I
> have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
> each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars),
> these cars meet and want to communication with each
> other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some
> reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
>   From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict
> of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the
> aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the
> ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario
> above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO
> or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise
> such as routing and security.
>    Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some
> current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
>    Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!
>=20
>  Wanrong Yu





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Wanrong Yu wrote:
> Hi,all I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I have some 
> doubts. If there are several mobile networks, each has one or more 
> MRs(we can imagine several cars), these cars meet and want to 
> communication with each other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable
>  for some reasons, does the communication possible? and how?

I assume from your description that there is one moving network per
vehicle, the vehicles are close by and are stationary, and that there is
no fixed infrastructure to which the vehicles' MRs would connect.

In this case, one MR of one vehicle could attach to the moving network
of the other vehicle, such as to form a sort of "nested moving network".
  Assume that the receving moving network (or the top-level moving
network, or the parent network) has a set of IPv6 addresses that it
could delegate (by DHCP prefix delegation mechanisms) to the moving
network that visits it.  Communication is thus possible between all
entities of the nested aggregation (all devices in both vehicles
communicate to each other).  The top-level moving network becomes the
home of the network that is attached under it.

This might work ok, because there is no infrastructure available.  Once
the infrastructure becomes available, both moving networks should try to
contact their respective home links, and the inter-vehicle comm scenario
would be different (no DHCP prefix delegation, but use RO).

> From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict of the existence 
> of fixed infrastructure,

Ok, for the purpose of obtaining what?

> from the aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the ad hoc
>  to a subnet, both will point to the scenario above. I think this 
> maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO or MANET has covered, and there are
>  new issues arise such as routing and security. Does there any 
> researchs on this scenario, or some current technology have solve the
>  problem perfectly? Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a 
> lot!

You sure are aware of the MANET WG and ANS RG.  The MANET Gateways.

I've heard of a Deutsche (German) project looking at using manet
networks for inter-vehicle communication, I think it's named FleetNet.
There is also InternetCAR in Japan and others.

Alex
GBU




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Wanrong Yu wrote:
> Hi,all I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I have some 
> doubts. If there are several mobile networks, each has one or more 
> MRs(we can imagine several cars), these cars meet and want to 
> communication with each other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable
>  for some reasons, does the communication possible? and how?

I assume from your description that there is one moving network per
vehicle, the vehicles are close by and are stationary, and that there is
no fixed infrastructure to which the vehicles' MRs would connect.

In this case, one MR of one vehicle could attach to the moving network
of the other vehicle, such as to form a sort of "nested moving network".
  Assume that the receving moving network (or the top-level moving
network, or the parent network) has a set of IPv6 addresses that it
could delegate (by DHCP prefix delegation mechanisms) to the moving
network that visits it.  Communication is thus possible between all
entities of the nested aggregation (all devices in both vehicles
communicate to each other).  The top-level moving network becomes the
home of the network that is attached under it.

This might work ok, because there is no infrastructure available.  Once
the infrastructure becomes available, both moving networks should try to
contact their respective home links, and the inter-vehicle comm scenario
would be different (no DHCP prefix delegation, but use RO).

> From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict of the existence 
> of fixed infrastructure,

Ok, for the purpose of obtaining what?

> from the aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the ad hoc
>  to a subnet, both will point to the scenario above. I think this 
> maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO or MANET has covered, and there are
>  new issues arise such as routing and security. Does there any 
> researchs on this scenario, or some current technology have solve the
>  problem perfectly? Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a 
> lot!

You sure are aware of the MANET WG and ANS RG.  The MANET Gateways.

I've heard of a Deutsche (German) project looking at using manet
networks for inter-vehicle communication, I think it's named FleetNet.
There is also InternetCAR in Japan and others.

Alex
GBU





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For MANET, this is no problem at all.  The Mobile Routers (cars) will
discover each other and communicate directly.  There is no need for any
fixed infrastructure.

On Wed, 2003-10-08 at 05:25, Wanrong Yu wrote:
> Hi,all
>   I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I=20
> have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
> each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars),=20
> these cars meet and want to communication with each=20
> other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some=20
> reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
>   From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict=20
> of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the=20
> aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the=20
> ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario=20
> above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO=20
> or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise=20
> such as routing and security.
>    Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some=20
> current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
>    Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!
>=20
>  Wanrong Yu
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
--=20
    Lawrence MacIntyre     865.574.8696     lpz@ornl.gov
               Oak Ridge National Laboratory
High Performance Information Infrastructure Technology Group


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For MANET, this is no problem at all.  The Mobile Routers (cars) will
discover each other and communicate directly.  There is no need for any
fixed infrastructure.

On Wed, 2003-10-08 at 05:25, Wanrong Yu wrote:
> Hi,all
>   I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I=20
> have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
> each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars),=20
> these cars meet and want to communication with each=20
> other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some=20
> reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
>   From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict=20
> of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the=20
> aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the=20
> ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario=20
> above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO=20
> or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise=20
> such as routing and security.
>    Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some=20
> current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
>    Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!
>=20
>  Wanrong Yu
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> manet mailing list
> manet@ietf.org
> https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
--=20
    Lawrence MacIntyre     865.574.8696     lpz@ornl.gov
               Oak Ridge National Laboratory
High Performance Information Infrastructure Technology Group


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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct  8 08:40:28 2003
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Subject: RE: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
Date: Wed, 8 Oct 2003 13:38:23 +0100
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Thread-Topic: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Lawrence MacIntyre" <lpz@ornl.gov>, "Wanrong Yu" <wlyu@nudt.edu.cn>
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Hi Lawrence:

I guess the question was not about the car address, but the prefix
behind it. Like a MANET router with a bunch of non manet enabled nodes
attached to it.=20

One way of seeing this is a lookup that resolved the "dumb" node prefix
into a via manet router (this is a constant) and then resolves where the
manet router is (say using a flooding). Another is to flood directly to
the "dumb" node address but then the manet router has to terminate the
protocol and respond itself.

This is all the difference between MIP and Nemo, actually. I may be
missing something but I'm not sure this is fully addressed in MANET
either?

Pascal=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Lawrence MacIntyre [mailto:lpz@ornl.gov]
> Sent: mercredi 8 octobre 2003 14:11
> To: Wanrong Yu
> Cc: nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
>=20
> For MANET, this is no problem at all.  The Mobile Routers (cars) will
> discover each other and communicate directly.  There is no need for
any
> fixed infrastructure.
>=20
> On Wed, 2003-10-08 at 05:25, Wanrong Yu wrote:
> > Hi,all
> >   I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I
> > have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
> > each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars),
> > these cars meet and want to communication with each
> > other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some
> > reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
> >   From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict
> > of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the
> > aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the
> > ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario
> > above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO
> > or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise
> > such as routing and security.
> >    Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some
> > current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
> >    Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!
> >
> >  Wanrong Yu
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > manet mailing list
> > manet@ietf.org
> > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> --
>     Lawrence MacIntyre     865.574.8696     lpz@ornl.gov
>                Oak Ridge National Laboratory
> High Performance Information Infrastructure Technology Group




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Date: Wed, 08 Oct 2003 10:02:52 -0400
From: Lawrence MacIntyre <lpz@ornl.gov>
Subject: RE: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
In-reply-to: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D902354A81@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com>
To: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Cc: Lawrence MacIntyre <macintyrelp@ornl.gov>, Wanrong Yu <wlyu@nudt.edu.cn>,
        nemo@ietf.org, manet@ietf.org
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I'm not sure I understand your comment (or was it a question?).  If you
have a reason to communicate with a node, you need to know its address.=20
In the case of a non-routing node behind a MANET router, it would
ideally share the network address of that router, just as nodes behind a
standard IP router share the network address of their router.  MANETs
are just like infrastructured networks in that respect.  The only
difference is that the interconnectivity is not fixed.  The routing
protocol is designed to discover and utilize connectivity.  To
communicate with a node, you must have a way to learn its address, but
that is not part of the routing protocol.

On Wed, 2003-10-08 at 08:38, Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
> Hi Lawrence:
>=20
> I guess the question was not about the car address, but the prefix
> behind it. Like a MANET router with a bunch of non manet enabled nodes
> attached to it.=20
>=20
> One way of seeing this is a lookup that resolved the "dumb" node prefix
> into a via manet router (this is a constant) and then resolves where the
> manet router is (say using a flooding). Another is to flood directly to
> the "dumb" node address but then the manet router has to terminate the
> protocol and respond itself.
>=20
> This is all the difference between MIP and Nemo, actually. I may be
> missing something but I'm not sure this is fully addressed in MANET
> either?
>=20
> Pascal=20
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Lawrence MacIntyre [mailto:lpz@ornl.gov]
> > Sent: mercredi 8 octobre 2003 14:11
> > To: Wanrong Yu
> > Cc: nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> > Subject: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
> >=20
> > For MANET, this is no problem at all.  The Mobile Routers (cars) will
> > discover each other and communicate directly.  There is no need for
> any
> > fixed infrastructure.
> >=20
> > On Wed, 2003-10-08 at 05:25, Wanrong Yu wrote:
> > > Hi,all
> > >   I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I
> > > have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
> > > each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars),
> > > these cars meet and want to communication with each
> > > other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some
> > > reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
> > >   From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict
> > > of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the
> > > aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the
> > > ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario
> > > above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO
> > > or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise
> > > such as routing and security.
> > >    Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some
> > > current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
> > >    Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!
> > >
> > >  Wanrong Yu
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > manet mailing list
> > > manet@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> > --
> >     Lawrence MacIntyre     865.574.8696     lpz@ornl.gov
> >                Oak Ridge National Laboratory
> > High Performance Information Infrastructure Technology Group
--=20
    Lawrence MacIntyre     865.574.8696     lpz@ornl.gov
               Oak Ridge National Laboratory
High Performance Information Infrastructure Technology Group


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Date: Wed, 08 Oct 2003 10:02:52 -0400
From: Lawrence MacIntyre <lpz@ornl.gov>
Subject: RE: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
In-reply-to: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D902354A81@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com>
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I'm not sure I understand your comment (or was it a question?).  If you
have a reason to communicate with a node, you need to know its address.=20
In the case of a non-routing node behind a MANET router, it would
ideally share the network address of that router, just as nodes behind a
standard IP router share the network address of their router.  MANETs
are just like infrastructured networks in that respect.  The only
difference is that the interconnectivity is not fixed.  The routing
protocol is designed to discover and utilize connectivity.  To
communicate with a node, you must have a way to learn its address, but
that is not part of the routing protocol.

On Wed, 2003-10-08 at 08:38, Pascal Thubert (pthubert) wrote:
> Hi Lawrence:
>=20
> I guess the question was not about the car address, but the prefix
> behind it. Like a MANET router with a bunch of non manet enabled nodes
> attached to it.=20
>=20
> One way of seeing this is a lookup that resolved the "dumb" node prefix
> into a via manet router (this is a constant) and then resolves where the
> manet router is (say using a flooding). Another is to flood directly to
> the "dumb" node address but then the manet router has to terminate the
> protocol and respond itself.
>=20
> This is all the difference between MIP and Nemo, actually. I may be
> missing something but I'm not sure this is fully addressed in MANET
> either?
>=20
> Pascal=20
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Lawrence MacIntyre [mailto:lpz@ornl.gov]
> > Sent: mercredi 8 octobre 2003 14:11
> > To: Wanrong Yu
> > Cc: nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> > Subject: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
> >=20
> > For MANET, this is no problem at all.  The Mobile Routers (cars) will
> > discover each other and communicate directly.  There is no need for
> any
> > fixed infrastructure.
> >=20
> > On Wed, 2003-10-08 at 05:25, Wanrong Yu wrote:
> > > Hi,all
> > >   I have read some drafts of NEMO and MANET, but I
> > > have some doubts. If there are several mobile networks,
> > > each has one or more MRs(we can imagine several cars),
> > > these cars meet and want to communication with each
> > > other, if the fixed infrastructure is unsable for some
> > > reasons, does the communication possible? and how?
> > >   From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict
> > > of the existence of fixed infrastructure, from the
> > > aspect of MANET, we can extend the single node in the
> > > ad hoc to a subnet, both will point to the scenario
> > > above. I think this maybe a new scenario neithor NEMO
> > > or MANET has covered, and there are new issues arise
> > > such as routing and security.
> > >    Does there any researchs on this scenario, or some
> > > current technology have solve the problem perfectly?
> > >    Any comments or advices are welcomed, thanks a lot!
> > >
> > >  Wanrong Yu
> > >
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > manet mailing list
> > > manet@ietf.org
> > > https://www1.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/manet
> > --
> >     Lawrence MacIntyre     865.574.8696     lpz@ornl.gov
> >                Oak Ridge National Laboratory
> > High Performance Information Infrastructure Technology Group
--=20
    Lawrence MacIntyre     865.574.8696     lpz@ornl.gov
               Oak Ridge National Laboratory
High Performance Information Infrastructure Technology Group


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        Lawrence MacIntyre <macintyrelp@ornl.gov>,
        Wanrong Yu <wlyu@nudt.edu.cn>, nemo@ietf.org, manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
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Lawrence MacIntyre wrote:
> The routing protocol is designed to discover and utilize 
> connectivity.  To communicate with a node, you must have a way to 
> learn its address, but that is not part of the routing protocol.

I agree with that.

I agree there is no way for two manet islands completely unknown to each
other, each one having its own addressing scheme and deployed addresses,
to sort of "join" one another and for their routing tables to get
updated accordingly.

I mean, assume a manet1 made of two nodes with addresses m11 and m12
respectively, and another manet2 made of other two nodes m21 and m22.
When the two manets are separated, communication is ok between m11 and
m12, and between m21 and m22.  Join them by drawing a link between m11
and m21.  After the "join" phase, I don't think there is any manet
technique/protocol that would allow m22 and m11 communicate directly.

What happens if, by lack of chance, nodes in the two manet islands were
initially assigned the same addresses (pairwise: m11 equals m21 and m12
equals m22, but still m11 different than m12 and m21 diff m22)?
Communication inside manet1 is ok, and inside manet2 is also ok, but not
across.

A way of looking at those two networks is to consider that one of them
has many available addresses.  Distributes some of them to its own
nodes by simple DHCP, and keeps a subset of addresses for distribution
(by DHCP prefix delegation) to the other network that "visits" it.  In
this way address conflicts are avoided.  The way the NEMO WG group looks
at this (if I interpret it correctly) is that the DHCP prefix delegation
can happen in this way only if infrastructure is not available (if
available then DHCP prefix delegation happens between the home network
and the moving network, not between the moving network and the fixed
access system).

I think this way of supporting two moving networks in two different
vehicles that need to "join" (while infrastructure is not available) is
viable.

And, because the discussion was triggered with a vehicular background in
mind, there are many potential scenarios related the way this is
deployed, and what's the business need for it.  If a manufacturer wants
its cars to be able to talk to each other such as to automatically avoid
collisions while in a bumper-to-bumper traffic jam, then it would assign
unique addresses to all its vehicles, and a same unique manet protocol
on all vehicles, then two cars of same model could easily talk to each
other w/o infrastructure present.

If on the other hand, manufacturer has a need to remotely update
software deployed in a car, or garage remotely measures mileage and
calls driver for periodic checkup, then this requires communication over
the Internet, with the help of fixed infrastructure, so manet protocols
are not needed at all (but Mobile IP for moving networks yes).

Or again, if a fixed camera measures speed of bypassing vehicles and
notifies driver about crossing limits and fines to pay, in a live
manner, then again, infrastructure is needed, Mobile IP yes, and manet no.

IMHO choosing between manet protocols and Mobile IP-based solution
depends largely on the vehicular scenario involved; what's your scenario
Wanrong?

Alex
GBU




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Date: Wed, 08 Oct 2003 18:06:24 +0200
From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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To: Lawrence MacIntyre <lpz@ornl.gov>
Cc: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>,
        Lawrence MacIntyre <macintyrelp@ornl.gov>,
        Wanrong Yu <wlyu@nudt.edu.cn>, nemo@ietf.org, manet@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
References: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D902354A81@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com> <1065621772.1341.167.camel@nautique>
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Lawrence MacIntyre wrote:
> The routing protocol is designed to discover and utilize 
> connectivity.  To communicate with a node, you must have a way to 
> learn its address, but that is not part of the routing protocol.

I agree with that.

I agree there is no way for two manet islands completely unknown to each
other, each one having its own addressing scheme and deployed addresses,
to sort of "join" one another and for their routing tables to get
updated accordingly.

I mean, assume a manet1 made of two nodes with addresses m11 and m12
respectively, and another manet2 made of other two nodes m21 and m22.
When the two manets are separated, communication is ok between m11 and
m12, and between m21 and m22.  Join them by drawing a link between m11
and m21.  After the "join" phase, I don't think there is any manet
technique/protocol that would allow m22 and m11 communicate directly.

What happens if, by lack of chance, nodes in the two manet islands were
initially assigned the same addresses (pairwise: m11 equals m21 and m12
equals m22, but still m11 different than m12 and m21 diff m22)?
Communication inside manet1 is ok, and inside manet2 is also ok, but not
across.

A way of looking at those two networks is to consider that one of them
has many available addresses.  Distributes some of them to its own
nodes by simple DHCP, and keeps a subset of addresses for distribution
(by DHCP prefix delegation) to the other network that "visits" it.  In
this way address conflicts are avoided.  The way the NEMO WG group looks
at this (if I interpret it correctly) is that the DHCP prefix delegation
can happen in this way only if infrastructure is not available (if
available then DHCP prefix delegation happens between the home network
and the moving network, not between the moving network and the fixed
access system).

I think this way of supporting two moving networks in two different
vehicles that need to "join" (while infrastructure is not available) is
viable.

And, because the discussion was triggered with a vehicular background in
mind, there are many potential scenarios related the way this is
deployed, and what's the business need for it.  If a manufacturer wants
its cars to be able to talk to each other such as to automatically avoid
collisions while in a bumper-to-bumper traffic jam, then it would assign
unique addresses to all its vehicles, and a same unique manet protocol
on all vehicles, then two cars of same model could easily talk to each
other w/o infrastructure present.

If on the other hand, manufacturer has a need to remotely update
software deployed in a car, or garage remotely measures mileage and
calls driver for periodic checkup, then this requires communication over
the Internet, with the help of fixed infrastructure, so manet protocols
are not needed at all (but Mobile IP for moving networks yes).

Or again, if a fixed camera measures speed of bypassing vehicles and
notifies driver about crossing limits and fines to pay, in a live
manner, then again, infrastructure is needed, Mobile IP yes, and manet no.

IMHO choosing between manet protocols and Mobile IP-based solution
depends largely on the vehicular scenario involved; what's your scenario
Wanrong?

Alex
GBU





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct  8 13:36:26 2003
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
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Hello Alexandru,

Alexandru Petrescu wrote:

>    ...  there is no way for two manet islands completely unknown to each
> other, each one having its own addressing scheme and deployed addresses,
> to sort of "join" one another and for their routing tables to get
> updated accordingly.

I don't agree with this assessment.

The scenario that you paint in a latter paragraph in your note
has to do with duplicate address assignment.

I agree that when there are duplicate addresses, things are
troublesome, and there is the potential for failure.  But:

1) Given existing constraints on the size of ad hoc networks,
   this should be a rare event in IPv4

2) For IPv6, it should be _extremely_ rare

3) In the absence of rare events, things work pretty well

4) There are ways around the problem if one can nominate an
   address arbitration entity or regime of operation

What this means is that when two ad hoc networks join, there
is the potential for trouble.  But this has to be viewed
with a reasonable tolerance for reality:

- it's practically impossible to prevent in an absolute sense

- there are other dangers, also impossible to prevent, that
  we don't even consider trying to prevent by protocol (e.g.,
  nuclear strike, election of a spider mite for president of USA,
  collisions with asteroids, and currently not even malicious
  node operation).

Whatever solution you may try to devise, please keep the
following examples in mind:

1. Joining of two networks with 500 nodes each
2. Joining of two networks with 20 nodes each
3. Joining of two networks, one with 500 nodes,
   one with 20 nodes
4. Joining of two networks, one with 500 nodes,
   the other with 1 node
5. Joining of two networks, one with 20 nodes,
   the other with 1 node.
6. Joining of two networks, one with 1 node,
   the other with 1 node.

If your solution requires, for the fourth example,
that all 500 nodes start blasting away on some
validation broadcast just because one more node
joins their network, then I claim your solution
is broken.  I would also like to avoid mandating
the existence of an address arbitration authority
in every ad hoc network.  That would be overkill.

I can make one suggestion that hasn't been
discussed very much.  Perhaps we should assign
a lifetime to all autoconfigured addresses in
an ad hoc network.  That way, it is less likely
that two nodes would have the same address for any
extended period of time.  Of course, the lifetime
requires periodic revalidation, not necessarily
relinquishing an address that is currently
configured, as long as the revalidation does
not fail.

Regards,
Charlie P.

PS. I am not on the [nemo] mailing list, so this
    may fail to appear there.



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Hello Alexandru,

Alexandru Petrescu wrote:

>    ...  there is no way for two manet islands completely unknown to each
> other, each one having its own addressing scheme and deployed addresses,
> to sort of "join" one another and for their routing tables to get
> updated accordingly.

I don't agree with this assessment.

The scenario that you paint in a latter paragraph in your note
has to do with duplicate address assignment.

I agree that when there are duplicate addresses, things are
troublesome, and there is the potential for failure.  But:

1) Given existing constraints on the size of ad hoc networks,
   this should be a rare event in IPv4

2) For IPv6, it should be _extremely_ rare

3) In the absence of rare events, things work pretty well

4) There are ways around the problem if one can nominate an
   address arbitration entity or regime of operation

What this means is that when two ad hoc networks join, there
is the potential for trouble.  But this has to be viewed
with a reasonable tolerance for reality:

- it's practically impossible to prevent in an absolute sense

- there are other dangers, also impossible to prevent, that
  we don't even consider trying to prevent by protocol (e.g.,
  nuclear strike, election of a spider mite for president of USA,
  collisions with asteroids, and currently not even malicious
  node operation).

Whatever solution you may try to devise, please keep the
following examples in mind:

1. Joining of two networks with 500 nodes each
2. Joining of two networks with 20 nodes each
3. Joining of two networks, one with 500 nodes,
   one with 20 nodes
4. Joining of two networks, one with 500 nodes,
   the other with 1 node
5. Joining of two networks, one with 20 nodes,
   the other with 1 node.
6. Joining of two networks, one with 1 node,
   the other with 1 node.

If your solution requires, for the fourth example,
that all 500 nodes start blasting away on some
validation broadcast just because one more node
joins their network, then I claim your solution
is broken.  I would also like to avoid mandating
the existence of an address arbitration authority
in every ad hoc network.  That would be overkill.

I can make one suggestion that hasn't been
discussed very much.  Perhaps we should assign
a lifetime to all autoconfigured addresses in
an ad hoc network.  That way, it is less likely
that two nodes would have the same address for any
extended period of time.  Of course, the lifetime
requires periodic revalidation, not necessarily
relinquishing an address that is currently
configured, as long as the revalidation does
not fail.

Regards,
Charlie P.

PS. I am not on the [nemo] mailing list, so this
    may fail to appear there.




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct  8 13:46:23 2003
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Date: Wed, 08 Oct 2003 20:04:17 +0200
From: Pars Mutaf <pars.mutaf@inrialpes.fr>
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Subject: [nemo] side question on NEMO or MANET? discussion
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Hello,

I've a question that is related to the NEMO or
MANET? discussion. I didn't want to interfere,
hence the different subject..

I think everyone agrees that a mobile node should
not switch to infrastructureless mode, if it has
access to an infrastructure. How to ensure this
in the presence of moving access points?

For example, I'm walking on the street and
I've an ongoing session using my phone. Then
a car with an access point stops in front
of me. My phone decides to "take the car", I
mean it makes (or tries) an handover to the
car's access point. My phone could not
differentiate between the infrastructure access
point and moving access point. As a consequence
it may unnecessarily suffer from service
degradation... 

This is an L2 problem I'm afraid.

What do you think?

Thank you!
pars




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Date: Wed, 08 Oct 2003 20:04:17 +0200
From: Pars Mutaf <pars.mutaf@inrialpes.fr>
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To: nemo@ietf.org
References: <AC60B39EEE7320498063D37799FB82D902354A81@xbe-lon-313.cisco.com> <1065621772.1341.167.camel@nautique> <3F843600.50804@nal.motlabs.com> <3F844629.B544F895@iprg.nokia.com>
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Subject: [nemo] side question on NEMO or MANET? discussion
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Hello,

I've a question that is related to the NEMO or
MANET? discussion. I didn't want to interfere,
hence the different subject..

I think everyone agrees that a mobile node should
not switch to infrastructureless mode, if it has
access to an infrastructure. How to ensure this
in the presence of moving access points?

For example, I'm walking on the street and
I've an ongoing session using my phone. Then
a car with an access point stops in front
of me. My phone decides to "take the car", I
mean it makes (or tries) an handover to the
car's access point. My phone could not
differentiate between the infrastructure access
point and moving access point. As a consequence
it may unnecessarily suffer from service
degradation... 

This is an L2 problem I'm afraid.

What do you think?

Thank you!
pars





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Date: Thu, 09 Oct 2003 18:54:18 +0200
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Subject: [nemo] New I-D on multi-homing
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Hi all,

Just to inform you that we have submitted a new I-D on multihoming.
Lot of people have already work on multihoming in individual submissions.
We tried to write a problem statement for multihomed MN in this I-D
and hope that this I-D will initiate some discussions on this topic.

Here is the abstact of the I-D:

Individual solutions have been proposed to extend Mobile IPv6 in order
to allow mobile nodes to be multihomed, but all issues have not been
addressed by a single document. In this document, we thus propose a
taxonomy to classify the situations where a mobile node may be
multihomed. This taxonomy is then used to describe all multihomed
scenarios. Issues preventing mobile nodes to be multihomed while
operating Mobile IPv6 are highlighted. This document doesn't aim at
proposing solutions, however, it is expected to raise discussion in
order to make sure forthcoming solutions will address all the issues.

Nicolas

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IETF Mobile IP Working Group                                N. Montavont
Internet-Draft                                                     LSIIT
Expires: April 9, 2004                                       R. Wakikawa
                                                                T. Ernst
                                                 WIDE at Keio University
                                                                 T. Noel
                                                                   LSIIT
                                                        October 10, 2003


             Problem Statement for multihomed Mobile Nodes
        draft-montavont-mobileip-multihoming-pb-statement-00.txt

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as
   Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://
   www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 9, 2004.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003).  All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   Individual solutions have been proposed to extend Mobile IPv6 in
   order to allow mobile nodes to be multihomed, but all issues have not
   been addressed by a single document.  In this document, we thus
   propose a taxonomy to classify the situations where a mobile node may
   be multihomed.  This taxonomy is then used to describe all multihomed
   scenarios.  Issues preventing mobile nodes to be multihomed while
   operating Mobile IPv6 are highlighted.  This document doesn't aim at



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   proposing solutions, however, it is expected to raise discussion in
   order to make sure forthcoming solutions will address all the issues.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   4.  Multihoming Scenarios  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   4.1 Taxonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   4.2 scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   4.3 MN connected to home link  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   5.  Open issues  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
       Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
       Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 14



































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1. Introduction

   New mobile nodes often integrate several wireless technologies.  The
   main purpose of this integration is to federate all means of
   communications in order to have an ubiquitous mobile node which can
   be used to access to the Internet everywhere and at any time.
   Permanent Internet connectivity is required by some applications
   while a mobile node moves across several access networks (i.e.  ISPs,
   hotspots, etc).  For example, it is desirable to maintain the
   Internet connectivity while an automobile running on a freeway
   receives voice or video streaming data from different access
   networks.

   Unfortunately, there is no network interfaces assuring global scale
   connectivity.  Therefore, a mobile node should use various type of
   network interfaces to obtain wide area network connectivity [11].  In
   addition, each network interface has different cost, performance,
   bandwidth, access range, and reliability.  Users should thus be able
   to select the most appropriate set of network interface(s) depending
   on a visiting network environment, since wireless networks are
   mutable and less reliable than wired networks.  Users should also be
   able to select the most appropriate interface per communication type.
   For example, TCP communication is best transmitted over wireless
   interface, while UDP communication is sent over a wired interface to
   avoid disturbing TCP connections.

   Mobile IPv6 [1] is being designed to allow a mobile node to maintain
   its IPv6 communications while moving between IPv6 subnets.  However,
   the current specification does not give any hints nor requirements to
   deal with mobile nodes with several points of attachement, i.e.  a
   multihomed mobile node.  We propose to evaluate the behavior of
   standard Mobile IPv6 on a multihomed mobile node, and we will try to
   identify if modifications or enhancements are required in the
   specification.

   This document has two goals.  The first goal is to define a taxonomy
   which helps to represent the different cases of multihoming.  Then we
   describe scenarios where mobile nodes are multihomed.  These
   scenarios show the configuration a mobile node may have (number of
   interfaces, number of home addresses or number of careof addresses).
   We also give a concrete illustration for each scenario.

   The second goal of this document is to define the requirements needed
   to manage multihomed mobile nodes.  Different issues will be raised
   in order to provide full support of multihomed mobile nodes in MIPv6.
   The potentially needed solutions to support new features will be
   described in a separate document.




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2. Terminology

   In this section we define the terms needed to analyse mobile node
   with mulitple points of attachment.  Some definition are taken from
   [1], while other are completed or only defined in this document.

   Interface (from [7])

      A node's attachment to a link

   Multihomed mobile node

      A mobile node is said multihomed when it has several IPv6
      addresses to choose between.  A mobile node has several IPv6
      addresses to choose between in the following cases:

         multi-prefixed: multiple prefixes are advertised on the link(s)
         the mobile node is connected to.

         multi-interfaced: multiple interfaces to choose between, on the
         same link or not.

         multi-linked: multiple links to choose between (just like
         multi-interfaced but all interfaces are NOT connected to the
         same link)

         multi-sited: when using IPv6 site-local address and attached to
         different sites























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3. Benefits

   Several benefits of multihoming can be envisioned:

   o  Ubiquitous Computing: to provide an extended coverage area.
      Multiple interfaces bound to distinct technologies can then be
      used to ensure a permanent connectivity is offered.

   o  Redundancy: to act upon failure of one point of attachment.

   o  Load Balancing: to balance load between multiple point of
      attachments (simultaneously active or not).

   o  Preference settings: to provide the user or the application the
      ability to choose the prefered transmission technology or access
      network for reasons of cost, politics, bandwidth requirement,
      delay, etc.


































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4. Multihoming Scenarios

   Different scenarios may lead to the fact that a mobile node may be
   multihomed.  In this section are listed all the configurations where
   a mobile node may have multiple points of attachment.

4.1 Taxonomy

   To help to refer to a specific scenario, we define the following
   scheme: Scenario (x,y,z) where

   o  x =3D number of home addresses (HoAs)

   o  y =3D number of careof addresses (CoAs)

   o  z =3D number of active interfaces

   The value of each identifier can be 1 if there is only one parameter,
   or n if there are several.  The value n does not specify any number,
   but indicate that there are more than one parameters.  An
   illustration of this taxonomy is given in Figure 1.



              Mobile Node

           HoA1         HoA2   ... HoAn   --> Mobile IP layer (x)
            |            |          |
      +-----+--------+   |          |
      |     |        |   |          |
     CoA1   +--CoA2  +---CoA3  ... CoAn   --> IP layer (y)
      |          |        |         |
     Link1      Link2    Link3 ... Linkn  --> IPv6 Link (n/a *)
      |          |        |         |
      +-----+----+        |         |
            |             |         |
           IF1            IF2  ... IFn    --> Physical layer (z)
                                            (z =3D the number of active i=
nterface)

   HoA1 ::=3D {CoA1, 2, 3} [IF1 and IF2]
   HoA2 ::=3D {CoA3}       [IF2]

   Mobile Node(x =3D 2, y =3D 3, z =3D 2)


             Figure 1. Illustration of the chosen taxonomy





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   * because number of IPv6 link is equal to the number of CoAs, equal
   to y

   The variable x indicates the number of HoAs allocated to a MN.  A MN
   may have multiple HoAs (x=3Dn) when either:

   o  The MN has only one home link, and all its HoAs are based on the
      same IPv6 prefix (e.g.  the MN may have multiple interfaces).

   o  The MN has only one home link, and several home addresses with
      distinct prefixes because there are several IPv6 prefixes
      advertised on the home link.

   o  The MN has several home links, and thus has at least two HoAs with
      different IPv6 prefixes.


4.2 scenario

   1.  One HoA, one CoA, one interface (1,1,1)

       The MN is not multihomed.  The MN has only one interface, with
       one HoA and is currently away from its home link.

   2.  Several HoAs, one CoA, one interface (n,1,1)

       The MN is multihomed, since it has several home addresses.  Once
       the MN is connected to a visited IPv6 subnet, it gets one CoA and
       remains simulteneously reachable through all its HoAs.

   3.  Several HoAs, several CoAs, one interface (n,n,1)

       The MN is multihomed, since it has multiple addresses to choose
       between.  In this case, the MN can be either connected to
       different IPv6 links at the same time, with the same interface,
       or it can be attached to a single link where several IPv6
       prefixes are advertised.  In the latter case, it configures a CoA
       for each prefix.  Then, it may register several of them with
       distant nodes to benefit from its multihoming properties.

   4.  Several HoAs, several CoAs, several interfaces (n,n,n)

       The MN is multihomed.  Many scenarios may lead to this case.  For
       example, consider a MN with three interfaces, two of them
       connected to their home link(two different home addresses) and
       the last one connected to a visited link where two IPv6 prefixes
       are advertised.




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   5.  One HoA, several CoAs, one interface (1,n,1)

       The MN is multihomed (several CoAs).  The case (1,n,1) occurs
       when a MN is connected to different IPv6 links with the same
       interface: either there are several IPv6 prefixes advertised on
       the link, or the interface allows the MN to be connected to
       different access point in different IPv6 subnets.

   6.  One HoA, several CoAs, several interfaces (1,n,n)

       The MN is multihomed: the MN has several addresses to choose
       between.  For example, assume a MN with several interfaces, each
       connected to an IPv6 network (the same or not).  Then at least
       one IPv6 address is configured on each interface.  The MN has
       only one home link, and only one home agent.

   7.  One HoA, one CoA, several interfaces (1,1,n)

       The MN may be multihomed: if the MN has two interfaces, one
       connected to its home link (using its home address) and the other
       connected to a visted link (using a careof address), the MN is
       multihomed.  If the MN is connected to a visited link with one
       interface and has no IPv6 connectivity with the other interfaces
       (not in the range of an access point or no IPv6 prefix forwarded
       on a Layer 2 link), the MN is not multihomed.


4.3 MN connected to home link

   When a MN is multihomed, some of its interfaces may be connected to
   its home link(s), at any point of time.  In all multihoming scenarii
   listed in the previous subsection, the MN may be directly connected
   to a home link.  Sometimes, when a MN is connected to a home link, it
   may have an impact on the multihoming management.

   For example, in the case (n,n,n), a MN may be connected to its home
   link(s) with some interface(s).  If we consider the case where a MN
   has three interfaces, three HoAs and two CoAs (connected to two
   visited IPv6 subnets), the CoAs can not be registered with the home
   agent serving to MN on the home link it is connected to.  This case
   has to be considered when defining the management of multihoming.

   Otherwise, the case (n,n,n) can translate into either case (n,1,n) or
   (n,0,n) according to the way the MN is connected to the Internet.
   Case (n,1,n) only happens when the MN is connected to a visited link
   with only one interface and obtain only one CoA.  Other interfaces
   are connected to the home link(s).




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   In the case (n,0,n), i.e.  several HoAs, no CoA, and several
   interfaces, all interfaces of the MN is connected to a home link.  If
   home links have different prefixes, a HoA can be a CoA regarding
   another HoA.  Such considerations must be taken into account in a
   document which presents a solution for multihomed MN since some MIPv6
   features can not be used when the MN is connected to the same link as
   its home agent (e.g.  home registration).  So the fact that a
   multihomed MN is connected to a home link must be considered.











































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5. Open issues

   In this section we highlight different points which have to be taken
   into account to handle a multihomed MN using Mobile IPv6.  These
   items constitute the requirements for a Mobile IPv6 node to benefit
   from its multihomed configuration in an optimized fashion.  Some of
   them do not require more processing than those defined in [1] but
   management operation, while other requires changes in [1].  Only the
   needed requirements are given in this document, the solutions to meet
   these requirements will be defined in a separate document.

   Issues related to the Mobile IPv6 protocol are the following:

   1.  How to define a relation between HoAs and CoAs.  When a MN has
       several HoAs and obtain a new CoA, to which HoA the new CoA will
       be bound to ? Moreover, a HoA may be considered as CoA regarding
       another home link of the MN.

   2.  How to identify an entry in the Binding Cache: several CoAs can
       be simultaneously used by a mobile node when it has multiple
       points of attachments.  These CoAs can be bound to the same HoA
       on any distant node, such as the home agent whih manages this
       mobile node for this particular HoA.  Therefore both distant node
       and the mobile node need a way to identify an entry in the
       Binding Cache.

   3.  How to manage multiple CoAs bound to a single HoA: a multihomed
       MN may have multiple Care-of addresses.  The MN must be able to
       register all CoAs with a single HoA on a distant node
       (Correspondant node or HA).

   Issues non-related to the Mobile IPv6 protocol are the following:

   1.  How to allow a mobile node to simultaneously use several
       interfaces: this will be the global purpose of such a solution to
       support multiple interfaces on a mobile node.  The solution
       should bring support to allow a MN, or even a fixed multihomed MN
       to simultaneously use several interfaces, whatever the number of
       HoAs, of CoAs the mobile node may have and whatever the network
       configuration the mobile node is connected to.

   2.  How to manage multiple HoAs: a mobile node may have several HoAs.
       As the taxonomy suggests, the fact that the mobile node has
       several HoAs is independant from the fact that the mobile has
       multiple interfaces.  By the way, the fact that the mobile node
       has multiple interfaces does not imply that it has multiple HoAs
       and vice-versa.  A mechanism should thus be defined to detail how
       to bind HoAs to a MN.



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   3.  How a mobile node may redirect flows from one interface to
       another, in the different scenarios presented in section 3: this
       functionality would allow a mobile node to pursue any
       communication began on an interface while this interface becomes
       down and another one is available.

   4.  When a MN has several interfaces, it may want to use each
       interface differently.  According to some policies and
       preferences, a multihomed MN may want to independantly manage
       each flow, in order to define which flow would be mapped to which
       interface and/or which flow can not use a determined interface.
       In order to optimize the global connectivity of a multihomed MN,
       a solution may be defined to allow multihomed MN to set filters
       on flow on distant nodes, such as mechanisms proposed by [10],
       [5] and [4].




































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References

   [1]   Perkins, C. and J. Arko, "Mobility Support in IPv6", I-D
         draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-24.txt, June 2003.

   [2]   Arkko, J., Devarapalli, V. and F. Dupont, "Using IPsec to
         protect Mobile IPv6 signaling between Mobile Nodes and Home
         Agents", I-D draft-ietf-mobileip-mipv6-ha-ipsec-06.txt, June
         2003.

   [3]   Montavont, N., Noel, T. and M. Kassi, "MIPv6 for Multiple
         Interfaces", I-D draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-01.txt, October
         2003.

   [4]   Koojana, K., Fikouras, N., Koensgen, A. and C. Goerg, "Filters
         for Mobile IPv6 Bindings (NOMADv6)", I-D
         draft-nomadv6-mobileip-filters-00.txt, July 2003.

   [5]   Montavont, N. and T. Noel, "Home Agent Filtering For Mobile
         IPv6", I-D draft-montavont-mobileip-ha-filtering-v6-00.txt,
         July 2003.

   [6]   Wakikawa, R., Uehara, K., Ernst, T. and K. Nagami, "Multiple
         careof Address Registration on Mobile IPv6", I-D
         draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-02.txt, September 2003.

   [7]   Manner, J. and M. Kojo, "Mobility Related Terminology", I-D
         draft-ietf-seamoby-mobility-terminology-04.txt, April 2003.

   [8]   Fikouras, N., Udugama, A., Koensgen, A., Goerg, C., Zirwas, W.
         and J. Eichinger, "Filters for Mobile IPv6 Bindings (NOMADv6)",
         I-D draft-nomad-mobileip-v6-filters-00.txt, July 2003.

   [9]   Ernst, T., "Network Mobility Support Terminology", I-D
         draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt, May 2003.

   [10]  Soliman, H., Elmalki, K. and C. Castelluccia, "Flow Movement in
         Mobile IPv6", I-D draft-soliman-mobileip-flow-move-03.txt, June
         2003.

   [11]  Stemm, M. and R. Katz, "Vertical Handoffs in Wireless Overlay
         Networks", Journal Mobile Networks and Applications, vol. 3,
         number 4, pages 335-350, 1998.








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Authors' Addresses

   Nicolas Montavont
   LSIIT - Univerity Louis Pasteur
   Ple API, bureau C444
   Boulevard Sebastien Brant
   Illkirch  67400
   FRANCE

   Phone: (33) 3 90 24 45 87
   EMail: montavont@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr
   URI:   http://www-r2.u-strasbg.fr/~montavont/


   Ryuji Wakikawa
   Jun Murai Lab., Keio University
   5322 Endo Fujiwasa
   Kanagawa  252-8520
   Japan

   Phone: +81-466-49-1394
   EMail: ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp
   URI:   http://www.mobileip.jp/


   Thierry Ernst
   Jun Murai Lab.
   Keio University K2 Town Campus
   1488-8 Ogura, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki
   Kanagawa  212-0054
   Japan

   Phone: +81-44-580-1600
   EMail: ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp
   URI:   htpp://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/~ernst


   Thomas Noel
   LSIIT - Univerity Louis Pasteur
   Ple API, bureau C444
   Boulevard S=E9bastien Brant
   Illkirch  67400
   FRANCE

   Phone: (33) 3 90 24 45 92
   EMail: noel@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr
   URI:   http://www-r2.u-strasbg.fr/~noel/




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Intellectual Property Statement

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Full Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003).  All Rights Reserved.

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   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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Acknowledgement

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.











































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Hi all,

Just to inform you that we have submitted a new I-D on multihoming.
Lot of people have already work on multihoming in individual submissions.
We tried to write a problem statement for multihomed MN in this I-D
and hope that this I-D will initiate some discussions on this topic.

Here is the abstact of the I-D:

Individual solutions have been proposed to extend Mobile IPv6 in order
to allow mobile nodes to be multihomed, but all issues have not been
addressed by a single document. In this document, we thus propose a
taxonomy to classify the situations where a mobile node may be
multihomed. This taxonomy is then used to describe all multihomed
scenarios. Issues preventing mobile nodes to be multihomed while
operating Mobile IPv6 are highlighted. This document doesn't aim at
proposing solutions, however, it is expected to raise discussion in
order to make sure forthcoming solutions will address all the issues.

Nicolas

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IETF Mobile IP Working Group                                N. Montavont
Internet-Draft                                                     LSIIT
Expires: April 9, 2004                                       R. Wakikawa
                                                                T. Ernst
                                                 WIDE at Keio University
                                                                 T. Noel
                                                                   LSIIT
                                                        October 10, 2003


             Problem Statement for multihomed Mobile Nodes
        draft-montavont-mobileip-multihoming-pb-statement-00.txt

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as
   Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://
   www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 9, 2004.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003).  All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   Individual solutions have been proposed to extend Mobile IPv6 in
   order to allow mobile nodes to be multihomed, but all issues have not
   been addressed by a single document.  In this document, we thus
   propose a taxonomy to classify the situations where a mobile node may
   be multihomed.  This taxonomy is then used to describe all multihomed
   scenarios.  Issues preventing mobile nodes to be multihomed while
   operating Mobile IPv6 are highlighted.  This document doesn't aim at



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   proposing solutions, however, it is expected to raise discussion in
   order to make sure forthcoming solutions will address all the issues.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   4.  Multihoming Scenarios  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   4.1 Taxonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   4.2 scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   4.3 MN connected to home link  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   5.  Open issues  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
       Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
       Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 14



































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1. Introduction

   New mobile nodes often integrate several wireless technologies.  The
   main purpose of this integration is to federate all means of
   communications in order to have an ubiquitous mobile node which can
   be used to access to the Internet everywhere and at any time.
   Permanent Internet connectivity is required by some applications
   while a mobile node moves across several access networks (i.e.  ISPs,
   hotspots, etc).  For example, it is desirable to maintain the
   Internet connectivity while an automobile running on a freeway
   receives voice or video streaming data from different access
   networks.

   Unfortunately, there is no network interfaces assuring global scale
   connectivity.  Therefore, a mobile node should use various type of
   network interfaces to obtain wide area network connectivity [11].  In
   addition, each network interface has different cost, performance,
   bandwidth, access range, and reliability.  Users should thus be able
   to select the most appropriate set of network interface(s) depending
   on a visiting network environment, since wireless networks are
   mutable and less reliable than wired networks.  Users should also be
   able to select the most appropriate interface per communication type.
   For example, TCP communication is best transmitted over wireless
   interface, while UDP communication is sent over a wired interface to
   avoid disturbing TCP connections.

   Mobile IPv6 [1] is being designed to allow a mobile node to maintain
   its IPv6 communications while moving between IPv6 subnets.  However,
   the current specification does not give any hints nor requirements to
   deal with mobile nodes with several points of attachement, i.e.  a
   multihomed mobile node.  We propose to evaluate the behavior of
   standard Mobile IPv6 on a multihomed mobile node, and we will try to
   identify if modifications or enhancements are required in the
   specification.

   This document has two goals.  The first goal is to define a taxonomy
   which helps to represent the different cases of multihoming.  Then we
   describe scenarios where mobile nodes are multihomed.  These
   scenarios show the configuration a mobile node may have (number of
   interfaces, number of home addresses or number of careof addresses).
   We also give a concrete illustration for each scenario.

   The second goal of this document is to define the requirements needed
   to manage multihomed mobile nodes.  Different issues will be raised
   in order to provide full support of multihomed mobile nodes in MIPv6.
   The potentially needed solutions to support new features will be
   described in a separate document.




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2. Terminology

   In this section we define the terms needed to analyse mobile node
   with mulitple points of attachment.  Some definition are taken from
   [1], while other are completed or only defined in this document.

   Interface (from [7])

      A node's attachment to a link

   Multihomed mobile node

      A mobile node is said multihomed when it has several IPv6
      addresses to choose between.  A mobile node has several IPv6
      addresses to choose between in the following cases:

         multi-prefixed: multiple prefixes are advertised on the link(s)
         the mobile node is connected to.

         multi-interfaced: multiple interfaces to choose between, on the
         same link or not.

         multi-linked: multiple links to choose between (just like
         multi-interfaced but all interfaces are NOT connected to the
         same link)

         multi-sited: when using IPv6 site-local address and attached to
         different sites























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3. Benefits

   Several benefits of multihoming can be envisioned:

   o  Ubiquitous Computing: to provide an extended coverage area.
      Multiple interfaces bound to distinct technologies can then be
      used to ensure a permanent connectivity is offered.

   o  Redundancy: to act upon failure of one point of attachment.

   o  Load Balancing: to balance load between multiple point of
      attachments (simultaneously active or not).

   o  Preference settings: to provide the user or the application the
      ability to choose the prefered transmission technology or access
      network for reasons of cost, politics, bandwidth requirement,
      delay, etc.


































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4. Multihoming Scenarios

   Different scenarios may lead to the fact that a mobile node may be
   multihomed.  In this section are listed all the configurations where
   a mobile node may have multiple points of attachment.

4.1 Taxonomy

   To help to refer to a specific scenario, we define the following
   scheme: Scenario (x,y,z) where

   o  x =3D number of home addresses (HoAs)

   o  y =3D number of careof addresses (CoAs)

   o  z =3D number of active interfaces

   The value of each identifier can be 1 if there is only one parameter,
   or n if there are several.  The value n does not specify any number,
   but indicate that there are more than one parameters.  An
   illustration of this taxonomy is given in Figure 1.



              Mobile Node

           HoA1         HoA2   ... HoAn   --> Mobile IP layer (x)
            |            |          |
      +-----+--------+   |          |
      |     |        |   |          |
     CoA1   +--CoA2  +---CoA3  ... CoAn   --> IP layer (y)
      |          |        |         |
     Link1      Link2    Link3 ... Linkn  --> IPv6 Link (n/a *)
      |          |        |         |
      +-----+----+        |         |
            |             |         |
           IF1            IF2  ... IFn    --> Physical layer (z)
                                            (z =3D the number of active i=
nterface)

   HoA1 ::=3D {CoA1, 2, 3} [IF1 and IF2]
   HoA2 ::=3D {CoA3}       [IF2]

   Mobile Node(x =3D 2, y =3D 3, z =3D 2)


             Figure 1. Illustration of the chosen taxonomy





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   * because number of IPv6 link is equal to the number of CoAs, equal
   to y

   The variable x indicates the number of HoAs allocated to a MN.  A MN
   may have multiple HoAs (x=3Dn) when either:

   o  The MN has only one home link, and all its HoAs are based on the
      same IPv6 prefix (e.g.  the MN may have multiple interfaces).

   o  The MN has only one home link, and several home addresses with
      distinct prefixes because there are several IPv6 prefixes
      advertised on the home link.

   o  The MN has several home links, and thus has at least two HoAs with
      different IPv6 prefixes.


4.2 scenario

   1.  One HoA, one CoA, one interface (1,1,1)

       The MN is not multihomed.  The MN has only one interface, with
       one HoA and is currently away from its home link.

   2.  Several HoAs, one CoA, one interface (n,1,1)

       The MN is multihomed, since it has several home addresses.  Once
       the MN is connected to a visited IPv6 subnet, it gets one CoA and
       remains simulteneously reachable through all its HoAs.

   3.  Several HoAs, several CoAs, one interface (n,n,1)

       The MN is multihomed, since it has multiple addresses to choose
       between.  In this case, the MN can be either connected to
       different IPv6 links at the same time, with the same interface,
       or it can be attached to a single link where several IPv6
       prefixes are advertised.  In the latter case, it configures a CoA
       for each prefix.  Then, it may register several of them with
       distant nodes to benefit from its multihoming properties.

   4.  Several HoAs, several CoAs, several interfaces (n,n,n)

       The MN is multihomed.  Many scenarios may lead to this case.  For
       example, consider a MN with three interfaces, two of them
       connected to their home link(two different home addresses) and
       the last one connected to a visited link where two IPv6 prefixes
       are advertised.




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   5.  One HoA, several CoAs, one interface (1,n,1)

       The MN is multihomed (several CoAs).  The case (1,n,1) occurs
       when a MN is connected to different IPv6 links with the same
       interface: either there are several IPv6 prefixes advertised on
       the link, or the interface allows the MN to be connected to
       different access point in different IPv6 subnets.

   6.  One HoA, several CoAs, several interfaces (1,n,n)

       The MN is multihomed: the MN has several addresses to choose
       between.  For example, assume a MN with several interfaces, each
       connected to an IPv6 network (the same or not).  Then at least
       one IPv6 address is configured on each interface.  The MN has
       only one home link, and only one home agent.

   7.  One HoA, one CoA, several interfaces (1,1,n)

       The MN may be multihomed: if the MN has two interfaces, one
       connected to its home link (using its home address) and the other
       connected to a visted link (using a careof address), the MN is
       multihomed.  If the MN is connected to a visited link with one
       interface and has no IPv6 connectivity with the other interfaces
       (not in the range of an access point or no IPv6 prefix forwarded
       on a Layer 2 link), the MN is not multihomed.


4.3 MN connected to home link

   When a MN is multihomed, some of its interfaces may be connected to
   its home link(s), at any point of time.  In all multihoming scenarii
   listed in the previous subsection, the MN may be directly connected
   to a home link.  Sometimes, when a MN is connected to a home link, it
   may have an impact on the multihoming management.

   For example, in the case (n,n,n), a MN may be connected to its home
   link(s) with some interface(s).  If we consider the case where a MN
   has three interfaces, three HoAs and two CoAs (connected to two
   visited IPv6 subnets), the CoAs can not be registered with the home
   agent serving to MN on the home link it is connected to.  This case
   has to be considered when defining the management of multihoming.

   Otherwise, the case (n,n,n) can translate into either case (n,1,n) or
   (n,0,n) according to the way the MN is connected to the Internet.
   Case (n,1,n) only happens when the MN is connected to a visited link
   with only one interface and obtain only one CoA.  Other interfaces
   are connected to the home link(s).




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   In the case (n,0,n), i.e.  several HoAs, no CoA, and several
   interfaces, all interfaces of the MN is connected to a home link.  If
   home links have different prefixes, a HoA can be a CoA regarding
   another HoA.  Such considerations must be taken into account in a
   document which presents a solution for multihomed MN since some MIPv6
   features can not be used when the MN is connected to the same link as
   its home agent (e.g.  home registration).  So the fact that a
   multihomed MN is connected to a home link must be considered.











































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5. Open issues

   In this section we highlight different points which have to be taken
   into account to handle a multihomed MN using Mobile IPv6.  These
   items constitute the requirements for a Mobile IPv6 node to benefit
   from its multihomed configuration in an optimized fashion.  Some of
   them do not require more processing than those defined in [1] but
   management operation, while other requires changes in [1].  Only the
   needed requirements are given in this document, the solutions to meet
   these requirements will be defined in a separate document.

   Issues related to the Mobile IPv6 protocol are the following:

   1.  How to define a relation between HoAs and CoAs.  When a MN has
       several HoAs and obtain a new CoA, to which HoA the new CoA will
       be bound to ? Moreover, a HoA may be considered as CoA regarding
       another home link of the MN.

   2.  How to identify an entry in the Binding Cache: several CoAs can
       be simultaneously used by a mobile node when it has multiple
       points of attachments.  These CoAs can be bound to the same HoA
       on any distant node, such as the home agent whih manages this
       mobile node for this particular HoA.  Therefore both distant node
       and the mobile node need a way to identify an entry in the
       Binding Cache.

   3.  How to manage multiple CoAs bound to a single HoA: a multihomed
       MN may have multiple Care-of addresses.  The MN must be able to
       register all CoAs with a single HoA on a distant node
       (Correspondant node or HA).

   Issues non-related to the Mobile IPv6 protocol are the following:

   1.  How to allow a mobile node to simultaneously use several
       interfaces: this will be the global purpose of such a solution to
       support multiple interfaces on a mobile node.  The solution
       should bring support to allow a MN, or even a fixed multihomed MN
       to simultaneously use several interfaces, whatever the number of
       HoAs, of CoAs the mobile node may have and whatever the network
       configuration the mobile node is connected to.

   2.  How to manage multiple HoAs: a mobile node may have several HoAs.
       As the taxonomy suggests, the fact that the mobile node has
       several HoAs is independant from the fact that the mobile has
       multiple interfaces.  By the way, the fact that the mobile node
       has multiple interfaces does not imply that it has multiple HoAs
       and vice-versa.  A mechanism should thus be defined to detail how
       to bind HoAs to a MN.



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   3.  How a mobile node may redirect flows from one interface to
       another, in the different scenarios presented in section 3: this
       functionality would allow a mobile node to pursue any
       communication began on an interface while this interface becomes
       down and another one is available.

   4.  When a MN has several interfaces, it may want to use each
       interface differently.  According to some policies and
       preferences, a multihomed MN may want to independantly manage
       each flow, in order to define which flow would be mapped to which
       interface and/or which flow can not use a determined interface.
       In order to optimize the global connectivity of a multihomed MN,
       a solution may be defined to allow multihomed MN to set filters
       on flow on distant nodes, such as mechanisms proposed by [10],
       [5] and [4].




































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References

   [1]   Perkins, C. and J. Arko, "Mobility Support in IPv6", I-D
         draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-24.txt, June 2003.

   [2]   Arkko, J., Devarapalli, V. and F. Dupont, "Using IPsec to
         protect Mobile IPv6 signaling between Mobile Nodes and Home
         Agents", I-D draft-ietf-mobileip-mipv6-ha-ipsec-06.txt, June
         2003.

   [3]   Montavont, N., Noel, T. and M. Kassi, "MIPv6 for Multiple
         Interfaces", I-D draft-montavont-mobileip-mmi-01.txt, October
         2003.

   [4]   Koojana, K., Fikouras, N., Koensgen, A. and C. Goerg, "Filters
         for Mobile IPv6 Bindings (NOMADv6)", I-D
         draft-nomadv6-mobileip-filters-00.txt, July 2003.

   [5]   Montavont, N. and T. Noel, "Home Agent Filtering For Mobile
         IPv6", I-D draft-montavont-mobileip-ha-filtering-v6-00.txt,
         July 2003.

   [6]   Wakikawa, R., Uehara, K., Ernst, T. and K. Nagami, "Multiple
         careof Address Registration on Mobile IPv6", I-D
         draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-02.txt, September 2003.

   [7]   Manner, J. and M. Kojo, "Mobility Related Terminology", I-D
         draft-ietf-seamoby-mobility-terminology-04.txt, April 2003.

   [8]   Fikouras, N., Udugama, A., Koensgen, A., Goerg, C., Zirwas, W.
         and J. Eichinger, "Filters for Mobile IPv6 Bindings (NOMADv6)",
         I-D draft-nomad-mobileip-v6-filters-00.txt, July 2003.

   [9]   Ernst, T., "Network Mobility Support Terminology", I-D
         draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt, May 2003.

   [10]  Soliman, H., Elmalki, K. and C. Castelluccia, "Flow Movement in
         Mobile IPv6", I-D draft-soliman-mobileip-flow-move-03.txt, June
         2003.

   [11]  Stemm, M. and R. Katz, "Vertical Handoffs in Wireless Overlay
         Networks", Journal Mobile Networks and Applications, vol. 3,
         number 4, pages 335-350, 1998.








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Authors' Addresses

   Nicolas Montavont
   LSIIT - Univerity Louis Pasteur
   Ple API, bureau C444
   Boulevard Sebastien Brant
   Illkirch  67400
   FRANCE

   Phone: (33) 3 90 24 45 87
   EMail: montavont@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr
   URI:   http://www-r2.u-strasbg.fr/~montavont/


   Ryuji Wakikawa
   Jun Murai Lab., Keio University
   5322 Endo Fujiwasa
   Kanagawa  252-8520
   Japan

   Phone: +81-466-49-1394
   EMail: ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp
   URI:   http://www.mobileip.jp/


   Thierry Ernst
   Jun Murai Lab.
   Keio University K2 Town Campus
   1488-8 Ogura, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki
   Kanagawa  212-0054
   Japan

   Phone: +81-44-580-1600
   EMail: ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp
   URI:   htpp://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/~ernst


   Thomas Noel
   LSIIT - Univerity Louis Pasteur
   Ple API, bureau C444
   Boulevard S=E9bastien Brant
   Illkirch  67400
   FRANCE

   Phone: (33) 3 90 24 45 92
   EMail: noel@dpt-info.u-strasbg.fr
   URI:   http://www-r2.u-strasbg.fr/~noel/




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Intellectual Property Statement

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Montavont, et al.        Expires April 9, 2004                 [Page 14]
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ber 2003


   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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Acknowledgement

   Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
   Internet Society.











































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--------------030708080606030603080409--





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct  9 20:28:29 2003
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Reply-To: <jafy@etri.re.kr>
From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
Date: Fri, 10 Oct 2003 09:26:41 +0900
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Hi, Alex,

In your previous NEMO post, you mean that an NEMO solution using prefix
delegation through DHCP is enough to support this issue or scenario.
But, I think this kind of solution is useful under infrastructured
condition or very short time session. 
If one mobile network is visiting other mobile network attached to wired
Internet, prefix delegation approach has benefit that it can reduce one
level tunneling between a MN in visiting node and its CN.
However, let's consider what happens if no access points(routers) are
available and three mobile networks(cars) are connected temporarily as
following.
    A<-B<-C ( a <- b means a is parent of b or b visiting a)
A delegates a prefix (a:b) to B. B delegates a prefix (b:c) to C.
In this case, if a node with prefix a in A want to communicate a node
with prefix (b:c) in C, how can it be possible without any routing
protocol including MANET? 

Next, what happens if above topology is changed into following one while
a node called 'a'  in A is communicating with a node 'b' with prefix a:b
in B?
    A<-C<-B
In this case, C delegates prefix c:b for B, but it does not help since
network A does not provide HA for delegated prefix (a:b) 
and moreover, mobile router of A can not know route information for
prefix (c:b) without support of routing protocols including MANET.
From MANET proint of view, this scenario is only usual one and can be
solved in very natural manner. 
If you points to duplicate address problem, several solutions including
"weak DAD" can be helpful.
I think that for mobile networks, these schemes can be applicable for
resolving duplicate prefix problem.

What do you think of this?

Regards,

HyunWook Cha

> -----Original Message-----
> From: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Alexandru Petrescu
> Sent: Thursday, October 09, 2003 1:06 AM
> To: Lawrence MacIntyre
> Cc: Pascal Thubert (pthubert); Lawrence MacIntyre; Wanrong 
> Yu; nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
> 
> 
> 
> Lawrence MacIntyre wrote:
> > The routing protocol is designed to discover and utilize
> > connectivity.  To communicate with a node, you must have a way to 
> > learn its address, but that is not part of the routing protocol.
> 
> I agree with that.
> 
> I agree there is no way for two manet islands completely 
> unknown to each other, each one having its own addressing 
> scheme and deployed addresses, to sort of "join" one another 
> and for their routing tables to get updated accordingly.
> 
> I mean, assume a manet1 made of two nodes with addresses m11 
> and m12 respectively, and another manet2 made of other two 
> nodes m21 and m22. When the two manets are separated, 
> communication is ok between m11 and m12, and between m21 and 
> m22.  Join them by drawing a link between m11 and m21.  After 
> the "join" phase, I don't think there is any manet 
> technique/protocol that would allow m22 and m11 communicate directly.
> 
> What happens if, by lack of chance, nodes in the two manet 
> islands were initially assigned the same addresses (pairwise: 
> m11 equals m21 and m12 equals m22, but still m11 different 
> than m12 and m21 diff m22)? Communication inside manet1 is 
> ok, and inside manet2 is also ok, but not across.
> 
> A way of looking at those two networks is to consider that 
> one of them has many available addresses.  Distributes some 
> of them to its own nodes by simple DHCP, and keeps a subset 
> of addresses for distribution (by DHCP prefix delegation) to 
> the other network that "visits" it.  In this way address 
> conflicts are avoided.  The way the NEMO WG group looks at 
> this (if I interpret it correctly) is that the DHCP prefix 
> delegation can happen in this way only if infrastructure is 
> not available (if available then DHCP prefix delegation 
> happens between the home network and the moving network, not 
> between the moving network and the fixed access system).
> 
> I think this way of supporting two moving networks in two 
> different vehicles that need to "join" (while infrastructure 
> is not available) is viable.
> 
> And, because the discussion was triggered with a vehicular 
> background in mind, there are many potential scenarios 
> related the way this is deployed, and what's the business 
> need for it.  If a manufacturer wants its cars to be able to 
> talk to each other such as to automatically avoid collisions 
> while in a bumper-to-bumper traffic jam, then it would assign 
> unique addresses to all its vehicles, and a same unique manet 
> protocol on all vehicles, then two cars of same model could 
> easily talk to each other w/o infrastructure present.
> 
> If on the other hand, manufacturer has a need to remotely 
> update software deployed in a car, or garage remotely 
> measures mileage and calls driver for periodic checkup, then 
> this requires communication over the Internet, with the help 
> of fixed infrastructure, so manet protocols are not needed at 
> all (but Mobile IP for moving networks yes).
> 
> Or again, if a fixed camera measures speed of bypassing 
> vehicles and notifies driver about crossing limits and fines 
> to pay, in a live manner, then again, infrastructure is 
> needed, Mobile IP yes, and manet no.
> 
> IMHO choosing between manet protocols and Mobile IP-based 
> solution depends largely on the vehicular scenario involved; 
> what's your scenario Wanrong?
> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 




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To: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
Date: Fri, 10 Oct 2003 09:26:41 +0900
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Hi, Alex,

In your previous NEMO post, you mean that an NEMO solution using prefix
delegation through DHCP is enough to support this issue or scenario.
But, I think this kind of solution is useful under infrastructured
condition or very short time session. 
If one mobile network is visiting other mobile network attached to wired
Internet, prefix delegation approach has benefit that it can reduce one
level tunneling between a MN in visiting node and its CN.
However, let's consider what happens if no access points(routers) are
available and three mobile networks(cars) are connected temporarily as
following.
    A<-B<-C ( a <- b means a is parent of b or b visiting a)
A delegates a prefix (a:b) to B. B delegates a prefix (b:c) to C.
In this case, if a node with prefix a in A want to communicate a node
with prefix (b:c) in C, how can it be possible without any routing
protocol including MANET? 

Next, what happens if above topology is changed into following one while
a node called 'a'  in A is communicating with a node 'b' with prefix a:b
in B?
    A<-C<-B
In this case, C delegates prefix c:b for B, but it does not help since
network A does not provide HA for delegated prefix (a:b) 
and moreover, mobile router of A can not know route information for
prefix (c:b) without support of routing protocols including MANET.
From MANET proint of view, this scenario is only usual one and can be
solved in very natural manner. 
If you points to duplicate address problem, several solutions including
"weak DAD" can be helpful.
I think that for mobile networks, these schemes can be applicable for
resolving duplicate prefix problem.

What do you think of this?

Regards,

HyunWook Cha

> -----Original Message-----
> From: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org] On 
> Behalf Of Alexandru Petrescu
> Sent: Thursday, October 09, 2003 1:06 AM
> To: Lawrence MacIntyre
> Cc: Pascal Thubert (pthubert); Lawrence MacIntyre; Wanrong 
> Yu; nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: [manet] NEMO or MANET?
> 
> 
> 
> Lawrence MacIntyre wrote:
> > The routing protocol is designed to discover and utilize
> > connectivity.  To communicate with a node, you must have a way to 
> > learn its address, but that is not part of the routing protocol.
> 
> I agree with that.
> 
> I agree there is no way for two manet islands completely 
> unknown to each other, each one having its own addressing 
> scheme and deployed addresses, to sort of "join" one another 
> and for their routing tables to get updated accordingly.
> 
> I mean, assume a manet1 made of two nodes with addresses m11 
> and m12 respectively, and another manet2 made of other two 
> nodes m21 and m22. When the two manets are separated, 
> communication is ok between m11 and m12, and between m21 and 
> m22.  Join them by drawing a link between m11 and m21.  After 
> the "join" phase, I don't think there is any manet 
> technique/protocol that would allow m22 and m11 communicate directly.
> 
> What happens if, by lack of chance, nodes in the two manet 
> islands were initially assigned the same addresses (pairwise: 
> m11 equals m21 and m12 equals m22, but still m11 different 
> than m12 and m21 diff m22)? Communication inside manet1 is 
> ok, and inside manet2 is also ok, but not across.
> 
> A way of looking at those two networks is to consider that 
> one of them has many available addresses.  Distributes some 
> of them to its own nodes by simple DHCP, and keeps a subset 
> of addresses for distribution (by DHCP prefix delegation) to 
> the other network that "visits" it.  In this way address 
> conflicts are avoided.  The way the NEMO WG group looks at 
> this (if I interpret it correctly) is that the DHCP prefix 
> delegation can happen in this way only if infrastructure is 
> not available (if available then DHCP prefix delegation 
> happens between the home network and the moving network, not 
> between the moving network and the fixed access system).
> 
> I think this way of supporting two moving networks in two 
> different vehicles that need to "join" (while infrastructure 
> is not available) is viable.
> 
> And, because the discussion was triggered with a vehicular 
> background in mind, there are many potential scenarios 
> related the way this is deployed, and what's the business 
> need for it.  If a manufacturer wants its cars to be able to 
> talk to each other such as to automatically avoid collisions 
> while in a bumper-to-bumper traffic jam, then it would assign 
> unique addresses to all its vehicles, and a same unique manet 
> protocol on all vehicles, then two cars of same model could 
> easily talk to each other w/o infrastructure present.
> 
> If on the other hand, manufacturer has a need to remotely 
> update software deployed in a car, or garage remotely 
> measures mileage and calls driver for periodic checkup, then 
> this requires communication over the Internet, with the help 
> of fixed infrastructure, so manet protocols are not needed at 
> all (but Mobile IP for moving networks yes).
> 
> Or again, if a fixed camera measures speed of bypassing 
> vehicles and notifies driver about crossing limits and fines 
> to pay, in a live manner, then again, infrastructure is 
> needed, Mobile IP yes, and manet no.
> 
> IMHO choosing between manet protocols and Mobile IP-based 
> solution depends largely on the vehicular scenario involved; 
> what's your scenario Wanrong?
> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Oct 10 08:50:33 2003
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Subject: Re: [nemo] side question on NEMO or MANET? discussion
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pars,

I have systems that do this every day.  My systems are currently deployed 
with Cisco's mobile network IOS for IPv4.  This is the solution the Cisco 
has developed that works pretty well in the scenarios I have been able to 
test in.  I the Cisco IOS there is a concept of preferred path.  The idea 
is that the engineer understands (to the extent possible) what the best RF 
connections are likely to be and prioritizes those connections (multi-homed 
mobile router).  For instance, if I have and 802.11 link a 1xRTT CDMA link 
and a satellite link, I would likely set the priorities in that order due 
to cost, bandwidth, etc... .  The may be better ways, but this is one that 
has worked in practice.

Will

At 08:04 PM 10/8/2003 +0200, Pars Mutaf wrote:
>...
>I'm walking on the street and
>I've an ongoing session using my phone. Then
>a car with an access point stops in front
>of me. My phone decides to "take the car", I
>mean it makes (or tries) an handover to the
>car's access point. My phone could not
>differentiate between the infrastructure access
>point and moving access point. As a consequence
>it may unnecessarily suffer from service
>degradation...
>This is an L2 problem I'm afraid.
>
>What do you think?
>
>Thank you!
>pars
>



=======================================
Will Ivancic
NASA Glenn Research Center
21000 Brookpark Road    MS 54-5
Cleveland, Ohio  44135
Phone +1 (216)433-3494
Fax +1 (216) 433-8705
Yahoo Instant Messenger  ID: ivancic
http://roland.grc.nasa.gov/~ivancic





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pars,

I have systems that do this every day.  My systems are currently deployed 
with Cisco's mobile network IOS for IPv4.  This is the solution the Cisco 
has developed that works pretty well in the scenarios I have been able to 
test in.  I the Cisco IOS there is a concept of preferred path.  The idea 
is that the engineer understands (to the extent possible) what the best RF 
connections are likely to be and prioritizes those connections (multi-homed 
mobile router).  For instance, if I have and 802.11 link a 1xRTT CDMA link 
and a satellite link, I would likely set the priorities in that order due 
to cost, bandwidth, etc... .  The may be better ways, but this is one that 
has worked in practice.

Will

At 08:04 PM 10/8/2003 +0200, Pars Mutaf wrote:
>...
>I'm walking on the street and
>I've an ongoing session using my phone. Then
>a car with an access point stops in front
>of me. My phone decides to "take the car", I
>mean it makes (or tries) an handover to the
>car's access point. My phone could not
>differentiate between the infrastructure access
>point and moving access point. As a consequence
>it may unnecessarily suffer from service
>degradation...
>This is an L2 problem I'm afraid.
>
>What do you think?
>
>Thank you!
>pars
>



=======================================
Will Ivancic
NASA Glenn Research Center
21000 Brookpark Road    MS 54-5
Cleveland, Ohio  44135
Phone +1 (216)433-3494
Fax +1 (216) 433-8705
Yahoo Instant Messenger  ID: ivancic
http://roland.grc.nasa.gov/~ivancic






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Oct 13 06:42:27 2003
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HyunWook Cha wrote:
> ...NEMO solution using prefix delegation through DHCP is enough to 
> support this issue or scenario. But, I think this kind of solution is
>  useful under infrastructured condition or very short time session.

Yes, if infrastructure is available and only short time communication is
needed, using DHCP prefix delegation to nodes in the mobile network can
help.  But of course providing reachability at a permanent home address
is not feasible if _only_ prefix delegation is used.

> If one mobile network is visiting other mobile network attached to 
> wired Internet, prefix delegation approach has benefit that it can 
> reduce one level tunneling between a MN in visiting node and its CN.

Richtig.

> However, let's consider what happens if no access points(routers) are
>  available and three mobile networks(cars) are connected temporarily 
> as following. A<-B<-C ( a <- b means a is parent of b or b visiting 
> a) A delegates a prefix (a:b) to B. B delegates a prefix (b:c) to C. 
> In this case, if a node with prefix a in A want to communicate a node
> with prefix (b:c) in C, how can it be possible without any routing
> protocol including MANET?

A delegates a prefix to B implies that both A and B add entries in their
respective routing tables in order to make forwarding work.  Similar
when B delegates to C.  In this way routes are added where needed, and
without a routing protocol involved.  Moreover, DHCP also distributes
defaults routes to be installed in routing tables.

> Next, what happens if above topology is changed into following one 
> while a node called 'a'  in A is communicating with a node 'b' with 
> prefix a:b in B? A<-C<-B

Ok.  If the topology changes from A-B-C to A-C-B then indeed this is no
longer as static as might have been wished for by NEMO.  This is
definitely something to be dealt with by manet protocols.

Do you have an analytical (if practical even better) example of
behaviour of a manet routing protocol when topology changes from A-B-C
to A-C-B?

> If you points to duplicate address problem, several solutions 
> including "weak DAD" can be helpful. I think that for mobile 
> networks, these schemes can be applicable for resolving duplicate 
> prefix problem.

I was not pointing to a duplicate address assignment problem, mainly
because that equates to other cataclysms that might happen.  I was
pointing to the fact that using manet exclusively does not provide
universal reachability at a permanent home address when the nodes move
anywhere at the edges of the Internet.

Alex
GBU




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HyunWook Cha wrote:
> ...NEMO solution using prefix delegation through DHCP is enough to 
> support this issue or scenario. But, I think this kind of solution is
>  useful under infrastructured condition or very short time session.

Yes, if infrastructure is available and only short time communication is
needed, using DHCP prefix delegation to nodes in the mobile network can
help.  But of course providing reachability at a permanent home address
is not feasible if _only_ prefix delegation is used.

> If one mobile network is visiting other mobile network attached to 
> wired Internet, prefix delegation approach has benefit that it can 
> reduce one level tunneling between a MN in visiting node and its CN.

Richtig.

> However, let's consider what happens if no access points(routers) are
>  available and three mobile networks(cars) are connected temporarily 
> as following. A<-B<-C ( a <- b means a is parent of b or b visiting 
> a) A delegates a prefix (a:b) to B. B delegates a prefix (b:c) to C. 
> In this case, if a node with prefix a in A want to communicate a node
> with prefix (b:c) in C, how can it be possible without any routing
> protocol including MANET?

A delegates a prefix to B implies that both A and B add entries in their
respective routing tables in order to make forwarding work.  Similar
when B delegates to C.  In this way routes are added where needed, and
without a routing protocol involved.  Moreover, DHCP also distributes
defaults routes to be installed in routing tables.

> Next, what happens if above topology is changed into following one 
> while a node called 'a'  in A is communicating with a node 'b' with 
> prefix a:b in B? A<-C<-B

Ok.  If the topology changes from A-B-C to A-C-B then indeed this is no
longer as static as might have been wished for by NEMO.  This is
definitely something to be dealt with by manet protocols.

Do you have an analytical (if practical even better) example of
behaviour of a manet routing protocol when topology changes from A-B-C
to A-C-B?

> If you points to duplicate address problem, several solutions 
> including "weak DAD" can be helpful. I think that for mobile 
> networks, these schemes can be applicable for resolving duplicate 
> prefix problem.

I was not pointing to a duplicate address assignment problem, mainly
because that equates to other cataclysms that might happen.  I was
pointing to the fact that using manet exclusively does not provide
universal reachability at a permanent home address when the nodes move
anywhere at the edges of the Internet.

Alex
GBU





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Oct 13 10:11:26 2003
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Hi,Alex
  Sorry for reply so later;-)
>> From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict 
of the existence 
>> of fixed infrastructure,

>Ok, for the purpose of obtaining what?

>IMHO choosing between manet protocols and Mobile IP-
based solution
>depends largely on the vehicular scenario involved; 
what's your scenario
>Wanrong?


I mean this is a possible scenario and we should be 
able to deal with the unavailable of fixed 
infrastructure no matter what's the reason for its 
unavailable.

I am a postgraduate student and just "think out" this 
problem when reading NEMO and MANET drafts. I just want 
to know weather this is a deserved research topic. I 
will do more work on this and will submit any results 
to the two WGs.

> Ok.  If the topology changes from A-B-C to A-C-B then 
indeed this is no
> longer as static as might have been wished for by 
NEMO.  This is
> definitely something to be dealt with by manet 
protocols.

Agree! This is what I mean, current NEMO WG may not 
focus on this and current MANET protocol "may" be not 
enough to fit this condition.

 Wanrong Yu



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Hi,Alex
  Sorry for reply so later;-)
>> From the aspect of NEMO, we can loose the restrict 
of the existence 
>> of fixed infrastructure,

>Ok, for the purpose of obtaining what?

>IMHO choosing between manet protocols and Mobile IP-
based solution
>depends largely on the vehicular scenario involved; 
what's your scenario
>Wanrong?


I mean this is a possible scenario and we should be 
able to deal with the unavailable of fixed 
infrastructure no matter what's the reason for its 
unavailable.

I am a postgraduate student and just "think out" this 
problem when reading NEMO and MANET drafts. I just want 
to know weather this is a deserved research topic. I 
will do more work on this and will submit any results 
to the two WGs.

> Ok.  If the topology changes from A-B-C to A-C-B then 
indeed this is no
> longer as static as might have been wished for by 
NEMO.  This is
> definitely something to be dealt with by manet 
protocols.

Agree! This is what I mean, current NEMO WG may not 
focus on this and current MANET protocol "may" be not 
enough to fit this condition.

 Wanrong Yu




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Oct 13 12:18:27 2003
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: [nemo] Re: NEMO or MANET?
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Wanrong Yu wrote:
> I am a postgraduate student and just "think out" this problem when 
> reading NEMO and MANET drafts. I just want to know weather this is a
>  deserved research topic.

I think that transforming A-B-C into A-C-B such as nodes to be reachable
with IP does not qualify for a research topic per se.  An interesting
research problem is posed within the ANS Research Group where the
scalability of such networks is studied and where a more generic problem
is being defined.

I think it is good to come with problems raised by practical experiments
that directly relate to real scenarios.  For example, in NEMO WG they
came up with the problem of connecting a set of devices (in a vehicle)
to the Internet by their mobile router, to different access systems,
such as they're reachable at their home address and do not have mobility
implementations themselves (MR has) and their apps are uninterrupted.
Lack of Mobile IP support for this was noticed in practice and an
obvious scenario (many laptops in a train) was looking like a good
market opportunity, especially knowing that many market players exist in
this space.

Should be also acknolwedged that the many-laptops-in-a-train scenario
does not need to use Mobile IP on MR as long as MR connects to only one
access link (like sattelite).

Should also be acknowledged that connecting a vehicle to the Internet as
such is an old topic, maybe as old as the Internet itself.

So, going back to A-B-C A-C-B there should be a need for this somewhere
by some vehicles.  Otherwise it looks too much like an analytical
problem that might never appear in practice; or, if it is provoked in
lab experiments, it might never relate to real cases appearing when
considering specific usage.

> I will do more work on this and will submit any results to the two 
> WGs.

Looking forward to see it.

Alex
GBU




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Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: [nemo] Re: NEMO or MANET?
References: <003c01c38ec5$2d0b1b70$ae70fe81@jafywinxp> <3F8A8156.4090409@nal.motlabs.com> <20031013141628.A2F735B904@ds20.nudt.edu.cn>
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Wanrong Yu wrote:
> I am a postgraduate student and just "think out" this problem when 
> reading NEMO and MANET drafts. I just want to know weather this is a
>  deserved research topic.

I think that transforming A-B-C into A-C-B such as nodes to be reachable
with IP does not qualify for a research topic per se.  An interesting
research problem is posed within the ANS Research Group where the
scalability of such networks is studied and where a more generic problem
is being defined.

I think it is good to come with problems raised by practical experiments
that directly relate to real scenarios.  For example, in NEMO WG they
came up with the problem of connecting a set of devices (in a vehicle)
to the Internet by their mobile router, to different access systems,
such as they're reachable at their home address and do not have mobility
implementations themselves (MR has) and their apps are uninterrupted.
Lack of Mobile IP support for this was noticed in practice and an
obvious scenario (many laptops in a train) was looking like a good
market opportunity, especially knowing that many market players exist in
this space.

Should be also acknolwedged that the many-laptops-in-a-train scenario
does not need to use Mobile IP on MR as long as MR connects to only one
access link (like sattelite).

Should also be acknowledged that connecting a vehicle to the Internet as
such is an old topic, maybe as old as the Internet itself.

So, going back to A-B-C A-C-B there should be a need for this somewhere
by some vehicles.  Otherwise it looks too much like an analytical
problem that might never appear in practice; or, if it is provoked in
lab experiments, it might never relate to real cases appearing when
considering specific usage.

> I will do more work on this and will submit any results to the two 
> WGs.

Looking forward to see it.

Alex
GBU





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Oct 13 20:57:26 2003
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To: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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Hi, Alex.
Thank you for your reply.
Please see inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alexandru Petrescu [mailto:petrescu@nal.motlabs.com] 
> Sent: Monday, October 13, 2003 7:41 PM
> To: jafy@etri.re.kr
> Cc: nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: NEMO or MANET?
> 
> 
> 
> HyunWook Cha wrote:
> > ...NEMO solution using prefix delegation through DHCP is enough to
> > support this issue or scenario. But, I think this kind of 
> solution is
> >  useful under infrastructured condition or very short time session.
> 
> Yes, if infrastructure is available and only short time 
> communication is needed, using DHCP prefix delegation to 
> nodes in the mobile network can help.  But of course 
> providing reachability at a permanent home address is not 
> feasible if _only_ prefix delegation is used.
> 

If infrastructure is not available, I think that delegator in visited
mobile network can not delegate its prefix any more.

> 
> > However, let's consider what happens if no access 
> points(routers) are  
> > available and three mobile networks(cars) are connected 
> temporarily as 
> > following. A<-B<-C ( a <- b means a is parent of b or b visiting
> > a) A delegates a prefix (a:b) to B. B delegates a prefix (b:c) to C.
> > In this case, if a node with prefix a in A want to 
> communicate a node
> > with prefix (b:c) in C, how can it be possible without any routing
> > protocol including MANET?
> 
> A delegates a prefix to B implies that both A and B add 
> entries in their respective routing tables in order to make 
> forwarding work.  Similar when B delegates to C.  In this way 
> routes are added where needed, and without a routing protocol 
> involved.  Moreover, DHCP also distributes defaults routes to 
> be installed in routing tables.
> 

I understand that new corresponding routing entry is inserted after a
prefix is delegated to visiting mobile network and 
default route entry of visiting network is set to delegator.
But this seems to be insufficient for my question. If sender in A want
to send its packets to destination in C, default route of MR_A should be
set to MR_B.
Can you explain how it works more specifically?


> Do you have an analytical (if practical even better) example 
> of behaviour of a manet routing protocol when topology 
> changes from A-B-C to A-C-B?
> 

As for reactive routing protocol AODV, MR_A altready knows route
information(next_hop : MR_B) for network C through route discovery
before topological change.
After topology changes into A-C-B, MR_A tries to forward
packets(destined to a node in C) of sender in A to MR_B and finds out
link between MR_A and MR_B is broken.
Then, MR_A reinitiates route discovery for C. At this time, MR_C replies
to RREQ of MR_A and MR_A obtains fresh route information for C by
receiving RREP by MR_C.   
As for proactive routing protocol, each MR sends its routing message to
disseminate its reachability info after it finds out that any link to
neighbors change.

> I was not pointing to a duplicate address assignment problem, 
> mainly because that equates to other cataclysms that might 
> happen.  I was pointing to the fact that using manet 
> exclusively does not provide universal reachability at a 
> permanent home address when the nodes move anywhere at the 
> edges of the Internet.

I agree. MIP, NEMO are tackling this subject.
I think manet routing protocols are useful for inter mobile network
routing when networks are nested whether they are attached to Internet
or not.
In addition, they can be used for RO in netsted mobile network using
manet internet gateway.

Regards,
HyunWook Cha

> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 




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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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Hi, Alex.
Thank you for your reply.
Please see inline comments.

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alexandru Petrescu [mailto:petrescu@nal.motlabs.com] 
> Sent: Monday, October 13, 2003 7:41 PM
> To: jafy@etri.re.kr
> Cc: nemo@ietf.org; manet@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: NEMO or MANET?
> 
> 
> 
> HyunWook Cha wrote:
> > ...NEMO solution using prefix delegation through DHCP is enough to
> > support this issue or scenario. But, I think this kind of 
> solution is
> >  useful under infrastructured condition or very short time session.
> 
> Yes, if infrastructure is available and only short time 
> communication is needed, using DHCP prefix delegation to 
> nodes in the mobile network can help.  But of course 
> providing reachability at a permanent home address is not 
> feasible if _only_ prefix delegation is used.
> 

If infrastructure is not available, I think that delegator in visited
mobile network can not delegate its prefix any more.

> 
> > However, let's consider what happens if no access 
> points(routers) are  
> > available and three mobile networks(cars) are connected 
> temporarily as 
> > following. A<-B<-C ( a <- b means a is parent of b or b visiting
> > a) A delegates a prefix (a:b) to B. B delegates a prefix (b:c) to C.
> > In this case, if a node with prefix a in A want to 
> communicate a node
> > with prefix (b:c) in C, how can it be possible without any routing
> > protocol including MANET?
> 
> A delegates a prefix to B implies that both A and B add 
> entries in their respective routing tables in order to make 
> forwarding work.  Similar when B delegates to C.  In this way 
> routes are added where needed, and without a routing protocol 
> involved.  Moreover, DHCP also distributes defaults routes to 
> be installed in routing tables.
> 

I understand that new corresponding routing entry is inserted after a
prefix is delegated to visiting mobile network and 
default route entry of visiting network is set to delegator.
But this seems to be insufficient for my question. If sender in A want
to send its packets to destination in C, default route of MR_A should be
set to MR_B.
Can you explain how it works more specifically?


> Do you have an analytical (if practical even better) example 
> of behaviour of a manet routing protocol when topology 
> changes from A-B-C to A-C-B?
> 

As for reactive routing protocol AODV, MR_A altready knows route
information(next_hop : MR_B) for network C through route discovery
before topological change.
After topology changes into A-C-B, MR_A tries to forward
packets(destined to a node in C) of sender in A to MR_B and finds out
link between MR_A and MR_B is broken.
Then, MR_A reinitiates route discovery for C. At this time, MR_C replies
to RREQ of MR_A and MR_A obtains fresh route information for C by
receiving RREP by MR_C.   
As for proactive routing protocol, each MR sends its routing message to
disseminate its reachability info after it finds out that any link to
neighbors change.

> I was not pointing to a duplicate address assignment problem, 
> mainly because that equates to other cataclysms that might 
> happen.  I was pointing to the fact that using manet 
> exclusively does not provide universal reachability at a 
> permanent home address when the nodes move anywhere at the 
> edges of the Internet.

I agree. MIP, NEMO are tackling this subject.
I think manet routing protocols are useful for inter mobile network
routing when networks are nested whether they are attached to Internet
or not.
In addition, they can be used for RO in netsted mobile network using
manet internet gateway.

Regards,
HyunWook Cha

> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Tue Oct 14 14:56:26 2003
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HyunWook Cha wrote:
> If infrastructure is not available, I think that delegator in visited
>  mobile network can not delegate its prefix any more.

I tend to disagree.  If a vehicle is administratively assigned a set of
addresses then that vehicle can decide to keep a subset of these
addresses for its own use and further delegate another subset of these
addresses to visitor nodes or networks, regardless of being connected or 
not to an infrastructure, or?

>> A delegates a prefix to B implies that both A and B add entries in
>>  their respective routing tables in order to make forwarding work.
>>  Similar when B delegates to C.  In this way routes are added where
>>  needed, and without a routing protocol involved.  Moreover, DHCP 
>> also distributes defaults routes to be installed in routing tables.
>> 
> I understand that new corresponding routing entry is inserted after a
>  prefix is delegated to visiting mobile network and default route 
> entry of visiting network is set to delegator. But this seems to be 
> insufficient for my question. If sender in A want to send its packets
>  to destination in C, default route of MR_A should be set to MR_B.

If A delegates 2002:aaaa:aaaa:b::/52 to B and B delegates
2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::/54 to C then MR_A will use its usual default route
to everything different than 2002:aaaa:aaaa::/52 through its usual
default route.  MR_A does not need to change its default route.

It is sufficient for MR_A to a have a route towards the delegated prefix
2002:aaaa:aaaa:b::/52 towards MR_B and MR_B to have a route towards the
delegated prefix 2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::54 towards MR_C.

> As for reactive routing protocol AODV, MR_A altready knows route 
> information(next_hop : MR_B) for network C through route discovery 
> before topological change. After topology changes into A-C-B, MR_A 
> tries to forward packets(destined to a node in C) of sender in A to 
> MR_B and finds out link between MR_A and MR_B is broken. Then, MR_A 
> reinitiates route discovery for C. At this time, MR_C replies to RREQ
>  of MR_A and MR_A obtains fresh route information for C by receiving
>  RREP by MR_C.

A-ha, I think I understand that.

Remark that DHCP too has a sort of discovery process where when links
are felt to be broken DISCOVER messages are broadcasted, so those two
mechanisms could be thought of as to achieve same result.

One difference that seems to hold (IMHO) is that moving networks are
assumed to be rather stable both in terms of their internal structure
_and_ in terms of the way they nest or group together (while manets
are freer in their movement patterns).  That says, in moving networks,
data exchanged is of highly applicative nature and less of IP control
due to frequent changes of L2 link topology.

Alex
GBU




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From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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Subject: [nemo] Re: [manet] RE: NEMO or MANET?
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HyunWook Cha wrote:
> If infrastructure is not available, I think that delegator in visited
>  mobile network can not delegate its prefix any more.

I tend to disagree.  If a vehicle is administratively assigned a set of
addresses then that vehicle can decide to keep a subset of these
addresses for its own use and further delegate another subset of these
addresses to visitor nodes or networks, regardless of being connected or 
not to an infrastructure, or?

>> A delegates a prefix to B implies that both A and B add entries in
>>  their respective routing tables in order to make forwarding work.
>>  Similar when B delegates to C.  In this way routes are added where
>>  needed, and without a routing protocol involved.  Moreover, DHCP 
>> also distributes defaults routes to be installed in routing tables.
>> 
> I understand that new corresponding routing entry is inserted after a
>  prefix is delegated to visiting mobile network and default route 
> entry of visiting network is set to delegator. But this seems to be 
> insufficient for my question. If sender in A want to send its packets
>  to destination in C, default route of MR_A should be set to MR_B.

If A delegates 2002:aaaa:aaaa:b::/52 to B and B delegates
2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::/54 to C then MR_A will use its usual default route
to everything different than 2002:aaaa:aaaa::/52 through its usual
default route.  MR_A does not need to change its default route.

It is sufficient for MR_A to a have a route towards the delegated prefix
2002:aaaa:aaaa:b::/52 towards MR_B and MR_B to have a route towards the
delegated prefix 2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::54 towards MR_C.

> As for reactive routing protocol AODV, MR_A altready knows route 
> information(next_hop : MR_B) for network C through route discovery 
> before topological change. After topology changes into A-C-B, MR_A 
> tries to forward packets(destined to a node in C) of sender in A to 
> MR_B and finds out link between MR_A and MR_B is broken. Then, MR_A 
> reinitiates route discovery for C. At this time, MR_C replies to RREQ
>  of MR_A and MR_A obtains fresh route information for C by receiving
>  RREP by MR_C.

A-ha, I think I understand that.

Remark that DHCP too has a sort of discovery process where when links
are felt to be broken DISCOVER messages are broadcasted, so those two
mechanisms could be thought of as to achieve same result.

One difference that seems to hold (IMHO) is that moving networks are
assumed to be rather stable both in terms of their internal structure
_and_ in terms of the way they nest or group together (while manets
are freer in their movement patterns).  That says, in moving networks,
data exchanged is of highly applicative nature and less of IP control
due to frequent changes of L2 link topology.

Alex
GBU





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 15 02:32:31 2003
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Cc: <manet@ietf.org>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2003 15:30:44 +0900
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Hi all,

I re-post my reply about this overwraped issue to two mailing list since
it seems to be rejected as a spam mail because of non-english character.

If I have misunderstood, please enlighten me.

Regards,
HyunWook Cha
 
-----Original Message-----
From: HyunWook Cha [mailto:jafy@etri.re.kr] 
Sent: Wednesday, October 15, 2003 2:51 PM
To: 'Alexandru Petrescu'
Cc: 'nemo@ietf.org'; 'manet@ietf.org'
Subject: FW: [manet] RE: NEMO or MANET?


Hi Alex,
I apologize that my second comment on A-C-B seems to be repeated. Please
ignore that. 
And, I modify my first comment.
Since an MR which does not have global prefixes requests prefix
delegation, MR_B delegates its prefix to MR_A in case A-(B-C) that I
mentioned below. How about this case where one group(cluster or partion
in terms of MANET) of mobile networks is connected to another group of
mobile netwroks? 
(A->B)-(C->D)
I think prefix delegation should be extended to propagate route
information for prefix of one group to other group although prefix
delegation is not needed.  
If so, why don't you use MANET routing protcols?
If I have misunderstood, please enlighten me.

Thank you in advance.

HyunWook Cha

[Previous discussion is as following. ]


Hi Alex,
Ok, Since the scenario which we are considering is with no
infrastructure, we do not need to mention issue like "HoA expiration".
Please see inline comments.
 
> If A delegates 2002:aaaa:aaaa:b::/52 to B and B delegates 
> 2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::/54 to C then MR_A will use its usual default route

> to everything different than 2002:aaaa:aaaa::/52 through its usual 
> default route.  MR_A does not need to change its default route.
> 
> It is sufficient for MR_A to a have a route towards the delegated 
> prefix 2002:aaaa:aaaa:b::/52 towards MR_B and MR_B to have a route 
> towards the delegated prefix 2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::54 towards MR_C.
> 

I agree partially. You assume that MR_C is connected to MR_B after MR_B
is connected to MR_A and configure a prefix delegated from MR_A.
However, let's consider another scenario. 
What happens if MR_C is connected to MR_B before MR_B is connected to
MR_A and configure a prefix delegated from MR_A. In this case, the
prefix which MR_C is delegated from MR_B is not 2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::56
but 2002:bbbb:bbbb:c/52. 
If a node in network A wants to communicate one with 2002:bbbb:bbbb:c/52
as prefix in network C, it is not possible if default route entry of
MR_A is not changed to MR_B  
or  route entry for 2002:bbbb:bbbb/48 is not added in MR_A when MR_A
delegates its prefix to MR_B. 
If the latter is perfomed, it satisfies this scenario.
But, how about the case where 4 mobile networks are connected in
direction of bottem_up, that is D is connected to C, C to B, and B to A
and a node in A starts to communicate one( 2002:cccc:cccc:d::/52)  in D.
Routing protocls including manet protocols is necessary to do this. 





From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Oct 15 02:32:34 2003
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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
Cc: <manet@ietf.org>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2003 15:30:44 +0900
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Hi all,

I re-post my reply about this overwraped issue to two mailing list since
it seems to be rejected as a spam mail because of non-english character.

If I have misunderstood, please enlighten me.

Regards,
HyunWook Cha
 
-----Original Message-----
From: HyunWook Cha [mailto:jafy@etri.re.kr] 
Sent: Wednesday, October 15, 2003 2:51 PM
To: 'Alexandru Petrescu'
Cc: 'nemo@ietf.org'; 'manet@ietf.org'
Subject: FW: [manet] RE: NEMO or MANET?


Hi Alex,
I apologize that my second comment on A-C-B seems to be repeated. Please
ignore that. 
And, I modify my first comment.
Since an MR which does not have global prefixes requests prefix
delegation, MR_B delegates its prefix to MR_A in case A-(B-C) that I
mentioned below. How about this case where one group(cluster or partion
in terms of MANET) of mobile networks is connected to another group of
mobile netwroks? 
(A->B)-(C->D)
I think prefix delegation should be extended to propagate route
information for prefix of one group to other group although prefix
delegation is not needed.  
If so, why don't you use MANET routing protcols?
If I have misunderstood, please enlighten me.

Thank you in advance.

HyunWook Cha

[Previous discussion is as following. ]


Hi Alex,
Ok, Since the scenario which we are considering is with no
infrastructure, we do not need to mention issue like "HoA expiration".
Please see inline comments.
 
> If A delegates 2002:aaaa:aaaa:b::/52 to B and B delegates 
> 2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::/54 to C then MR_A will use its usual default route

> to everything different than 2002:aaaa:aaaa::/52 through its usual 
> default route.  MR_A does not need to change its default route.
> 
> It is sufficient for MR_A to a have a route towards the delegated 
> prefix 2002:aaaa:aaaa:b::/52 towards MR_B and MR_B to have a route 
> towards the delegated prefix 2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::54 towards MR_C.
> 

I agree partially. You assume that MR_C is connected to MR_B after MR_B
is connected to MR_A and configure a prefix delegated from MR_A.
However, let's consider another scenario. 
What happens if MR_C is connected to MR_B before MR_B is connected to
MR_A and configure a prefix delegated from MR_A. In this case, the
prefix which MR_C is delegated from MR_B is not 2002:aaaa:aaaa:bc::56
but 2002:bbbb:bbbb:c/52. 
If a node in network A wants to communicate one with 2002:bbbb:bbbb:c/52
as prefix in network C, it is not possible if default route entry of
MR_A is not changed to MR_B  
or  route entry for 2002:bbbb:bbbb/48 is not added in MR_A when MR_A
delegates its prefix to MR_B. 
If the latter is perfomed, it satisfies this scenario.
But, how about the case where 4 mobile networks are connected in
direction of bottem_up, that is D is connected to C, C to B, and B to A
and a node in A starts to communicate one( 2002:cccc:cccc:d::/52)  in D.
Routing protocls including manet protocols is necessary to do this. 






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 15 04:01:34 2003
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Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2003 10:00:42 +0200
From: Christophe Janneteau <Christophe.Janneteau@motorola.com>
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Subject: [nemo] IPR on NEMO basic protocol
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Pascal and WG Chairs,

Referring to Cisco's statement about IPR claimed in
draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support:

http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/cisco-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt

Would it be possible to inform the working group about the
name/identifier of those patents or patent applications (or better a
pointer to them) so that the working group can get a better
understanding of their impact on the nemo basic support draft?

BTW, Nokia already provided such information in their statement:

http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/nokia-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt

Thanks a lot,
Christophe



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Pascal and WG Chairs,

Referring to Cisco's statement about IPR claimed in
draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support:

http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/cisco-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt

Would it be possible to inform the working group about the
name/identifier of those patents or patent applications (or better a
pointer to them) so that the working group can get a better
understanding of their impact on the nemo basic support draft?

BTW, Nokia already provided such information in their statement:

http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/nokia-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt

Thanks a lot,
Christophe




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 15 11:56:25 2003
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We are actively working on getting an answer to these questions. As soon as
it is avaible, we will share it with the group.

-TJ & Thierry


On 10/15/03 1:00 AM, "Christophe Janneteau"
<Christophe.Janneteau@motorola.com> wrote:

> Pascal and WG Chairs,
> 
> Referring to Cisco's statement about IPR claimed in
> draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/cisco-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt
> 
> Would it be possible to inform the working group about the
> name/identifier of those patents or patent applications (or better a
> pointer to them) so that the working group can get a better
> understanding of their impact on the nemo basic support draft?
> 
> BTW, Nokia already provided such information in their statement:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/nokia-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt
> 
> Thanks a lot,
> Christophe
> 




From exim@www1.ietf.org  Wed Oct 15 11:56:27 2003
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We are actively working on getting an answer to these questions. As soon as
it is avaible, we will share it with the group.

-TJ & Thierry


On 10/15/03 1:00 AM, "Christophe Janneteau"
<Christophe.Janneteau@motorola.com> wrote:

> Pascal and WG Chairs,
> 
> Referring to Cisco's statement about IPR claimed in
> draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/cisco-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt
> 
> Would it be possible to inform the working group about the
> name/identifier of those patents or patent applications (or better a
> pointer to them) so that the working group can get a better
> understanding of their impact on the nemo basic support draft?
> 
> BTW, Nokia already provided such information in their statement:
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/nokia-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt
> 
> Thanks a lot,
> Christophe
> 





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 15 15:33:26 2003
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Examples of basic Nemo usage
	Author(s)	: P. Thubert, R. Wakikawa, V. Devarapalli
	Filename	: draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 2003-10-15
	
This paper documents some practical scenarios and the associated
issues when deploying Mobile Routers, conforming the Nemo Basic
Support draft [6].

The aim here is specifically to provide some examples of organization
of the Home Network, as they were discussed in the Nemo and Nemo
Design mailing lists.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt

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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Examples of basic Nemo usage
	Author(s)	: P. Thubert, R. Wakikawa, V. Devarapalli
	Filename	: draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt
	Pages		: 15
	Date		: 2003-10-15
	
This paper documents some practical scenarios and the associated
issues when deploying Mobile Routers, conforming the Nemo Basic
Support draft [6].

The aim here is specifically to provide some examples of organization
of the Home Network, as they were discussed in the Nemo and Nemo
Design mailing lists.

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http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 22 06:00:24 2003
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To: nemo@ietf.org
From: Noriaki Takamiya <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>
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Subject: [nemo] About BA status 141
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Hi,

  I'm sorry, but I have a simple question.

  In draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt, BA status code 141 is defined.

  I wonder how HA decides to send BA with status 141.

  For example, when MR sends BU with explicit or Explicit Prefix
  Length mode, HA process this BU as following(section 6.2):

  1)check H bit in BU
  2)check the contents of BU
  3)verify the mobile network prefixes using Prefix Table
    ->If failed, HA returns BA with status 142.
  4)try to setup forwarding to all prefixes listed in BU.
    ->If failed, HA returns BA with status 141.

  In 4), what does HA verify?

  Does 'fail' mean that HA couldn't just configure the
  forwarding(e.g. reverse tunneling or setup routing table)?

  IMO, almost misconfigured prefix in BU will result in status 142.

  What is the situation that HA could return 141?

  If I misunderstand, correct me.

  regards,

--
Noriaki Takamiya



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To: nemo@ietf.org
From: Noriaki Takamiya <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>
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Subject: [nemo] About BA status 141
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Hi,

  I'm sorry, but I have a simple question.

  In draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt, BA status code 141 is defined.

  I wonder how HA decides to send BA with status 141.

  For example, when MR sends BU with explicit or Explicit Prefix
  Length mode, HA process this BU as following(section 6.2):

  1)check H bit in BU
  2)check the contents of BU
  3)verify the mobile network prefixes using Prefix Table
    ->If failed, HA returns BA with status 142.
  4)try to setup forwarding to all prefixes listed in BU.
    ->If failed, HA returns BA with status 141.

  In 4), what does HA verify?

  Does 'fail' mean that HA couldn't just configure the
  forwarding(e.g. reverse tunneling or setup routing table)?

  IMO, almost misconfigured prefix in BU will result in status 142.

  What is the situation that HA could return 141?

  If I misunderstand, correct me.

  regards,

--
Noriaki Takamiya




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 22 11:47:28 2003
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Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141
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Noriaki Takamiya wrote:
> Hi,
> 
>   I'm sorry, but I have a simple question.
> 
>   In draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt, BA status code 141 is defined.
> 
>   I wonder how HA decides to send BA with status 141.
> 
>   For example, when MR sends BU with explicit or Explicit Prefix
>   Length mode, HA process this BU as following(section 6.2):
> 
>   1)check H bit in BU
>   2)check the contents of BU
>   3)verify the mobile network prefixes using Prefix Table
>     ->If failed, HA returns BA with status 142.
>   4)try to setup forwarding to all prefixes listed in BU.
>     ->If failed, HA returns BA with status 141.
> 
>   In 4), what does HA verify?
> 
>   Does 'fail' mean that HA couldn't just configure the
>   forwarding(e.g. reverse tunneling or setup routing table)?

I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in the table,
or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?

(prefix len can be larger than 128 by error because encoded on 8bit 
instead of 7 because easier to program).

Alex
GBU




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Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141
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Noriaki Takamiya wrote:
> Hi,
> 
>   I'm sorry, but I have a simple question.
> 
>   In draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt, BA status code 141 is defined.
> 
>   I wonder how HA decides to send BA with status 141.
> 
>   For example, when MR sends BU with explicit or Explicit Prefix
>   Length mode, HA process this BU as following(section 6.2):
> 
>   1)check H bit in BU
>   2)check the contents of BU
>   3)verify the mobile network prefixes using Prefix Table
>     ->If failed, HA returns BA with status 142.
>   4)try to setup forwarding to all prefixes listed in BU.
>     ->If failed, HA returns BA with status 141.
> 
>   In 4), what does HA verify?
> 
>   Does 'fail' mean that HA couldn't just configure the
>   forwarding(e.g. reverse tunneling or setup routing table)?

I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in the table,
or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?

(prefix len can be larger than 128 by error because encoded on 8bit 
instead of 7 because easier to program).

Alex
GBU





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Subject: [nemo] Comments on draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
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Hello to authors of draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt available at
http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt

Here are some comments on the draft.  Please take them as comments only.

The whole idea of having an inter-HA protocol (HAHA) for HA's _not_ on
the same link seems valuable from several standpoints, most importantly
for redundancy.  The presentation of the mechanisms makes sense and
covers a large set of scenarios; thanks for writing it.

However, I have doubts with respect to motivating the use of these
mechanisms in order to help with RO; and also doubting about where to
target these mechanisms: MIP6 or NEMO.

> Sometimes the Mobile Network could be closer to the Correspondent 
> Node than the Home Agent.  If the Mobile Router could pick another 
> Home Agent closer to its current location, the tunneling overhead on
>  every packet could be reduced to a much shorter path in the
> Internet.

In order to have important gains from reducing the path length of the
path on which encapsulation happens, it is implicit that they are
proportional with the distance between HA's.  The farther apart are the
HA's placed, the better gains in terms of having a shorter path over
which encapsulation is needed.  Otherwise, if HA's are close, why bother
for two-three short links.

But the farther distanced the HA's are placed, the more difficult it is
for them to advertise the same Home Address (or MNP) without disturbing
the routing in the overall Internet.

> Multiple Home Agents could be located on different links and still 
> serve the same home prefix.


I think that if they are located on different links (IP subnets) then
they will have difficulty to advertise reachability to a same Home
Address (or same MNP).  If these home links are relatively close to each
other, as to form an IGP area, then adertising reachability towards the
same Home Address (or MNP) is indeed feasible, and OSPF does that.  If
however these home links are in different domains (separated by e.g.
BGP) then I doubt these HA's can effectively advertise reachability of
the same Home Address (or MNP).  No?

> When multiple Home Agents are configured at different links, each 
> home agent is expected to know the other Home Agents beforehand and 
> establishes Security Association with them for a secure path towards 
> the other home agent.

I wonder how this could be done, to have a set of HA's scattered in the
Internet and have SA's among them, do you have a specific tool in mind?

> But each Home Agent can not listen Router Advertisements sent by the 
> other Home Agents configured at different link, because Router 
> Advertisements can not be sent over the link-local scope.
                      ^^^
Maybe "RAs can _only_ be sent over a ll scope"?  YEs, the overall
cause-effect makes sense, just maybe the "not" is wrong.

> The Home Agent Solicitation message MUST NOT be multicasted

Why not?  I understand that RA's can not be multicasted on other scope
than link, but why forbidding HAS being multicasted on a wider scope?
It would be good to multicast the HAS especially if there are many HAs
in this "HA multicast group".

> The Home Agent initiated switching is useful for load-sharing of each
>  Home Agents.  A Home Agent can control the load average by moving 
> some of Mobile Routers to other Home Agents compulsory.

"compulsory"?  Maybe "compulsorily"?, just a thought...

> When a Home Agent receives a Binding Update from a Mobile Router and
>  processes the Binding Update successfully, it enables route 
> distribution for the mobile network prefixes.

So HA receives a completely unknown MNP in a BU and redistributes it to
the Internet?  How is HA confident about MR not attacking the Internet?

> Each Home Agent advertises the same home prefix to the Internet.

How far are the HA's from each other and how far do those home prefixes
propagate to the Internet?

> On the other hand, if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding for 
> the Home Address and the mobile network prefixes, it tunnels 
> intercepted packets to the primary Home Agent (Fig 2) first.

If the HA does not enable forwarding for that Home Address, then how it
obtained packets addressed to that Home Address in first place?  I agree
that if HA obtains those packets, it then forwards them to the primary
HA, and that's a good idea, but how does it "intercept" those packets in
first place if it does not forward for that Home Address?

> One specific advantage of not relying on a Home Link for HAHA 
> communication is that for a large configuration, the Home Agents can
>  be organized hierarchically and distributed geographically, as a set
>  of local clusters linked together to form a global Home Network.

I think this explanation is very important to motivate the need of HAHA
previously described.  I think this picture should be given somewhere at
the beginning of the document, instead of at the appendix.

Still, if we consider a very wide-area network (inter-continental) as
described above, then HAHA can work only if the longest links between
the clusters are L2 links (say ATM or sattelite or fiber, your choice),
and are very short in terms of number of IP hops.  One can not imagine
that two HAs advertising same MNP are separated by BGP-served zones,
because dynamically inducing new routes might pose problems in terms of
routing table size (or so they say).

And, once we assume that those HAs are only a few IP hops apart (even if
over inter-continental lengths) then Mobile IP per se brings in little
advantage.  Just use OSPF  in this small domain (small in terms of IP
hops, but large in terms of physical distance) and suddenly
encapsulation problems and RO problems disappear.

And finally, thank you for providing the concepts in this draft, the
mechanisms of binding synchronization and so on make sense, the messages
are described in bit-detail (few drafts do) and looking forward for your
comments,

Alex
GBU





















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Hello to authors of draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt available at
http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt

Here are some comments on the draft.  Please take them as comments only.

The whole idea of having an inter-HA protocol (HAHA) for HA's _not_ on
the same link seems valuable from several standpoints, most importantly
for redundancy.  The presentation of the mechanisms makes sense and
covers a large set of scenarios; thanks for writing it.

However, I have doubts with respect to motivating the use of these
mechanisms in order to help with RO; and also doubting about where to
target these mechanisms: MIP6 or NEMO.

> Sometimes the Mobile Network could be closer to the Correspondent 
> Node than the Home Agent.  If the Mobile Router could pick another 
> Home Agent closer to its current location, the tunneling overhead on
>  every packet could be reduced to a much shorter path in the
> Internet.

In order to have important gains from reducing the path length of the
path on which encapsulation happens, it is implicit that they are
proportional with the distance between HA's.  The farther apart are the
HA's placed, the better gains in terms of having a shorter path over
which encapsulation is needed.  Otherwise, if HA's are close, why bother
for two-three short links.

But the farther distanced the HA's are placed, the more difficult it is
for them to advertise the same Home Address (or MNP) without disturbing
the routing in the overall Internet.

> Multiple Home Agents could be located on different links and still 
> serve the same home prefix.


I think that if they are located on different links (IP subnets) then
they will have difficulty to advertise reachability to a same Home
Address (or same MNP).  If these home links are relatively close to each
other, as to form an IGP area, then adertising reachability towards the
same Home Address (or MNP) is indeed feasible, and OSPF does that.  If
however these home links are in different domains (separated by e.g.
BGP) then I doubt these HA's can effectively advertise reachability of
the same Home Address (or MNP).  No?

> When multiple Home Agents are configured at different links, each 
> home agent is expected to know the other Home Agents beforehand and 
> establishes Security Association with them for a secure path towards 
> the other home agent.

I wonder how this could be done, to have a set of HA's scattered in the
Internet and have SA's among them, do you have a specific tool in mind?

> But each Home Agent can not listen Router Advertisements sent by the 
> other Home Agents configured at different link, because Router 
> Advertisements can not be sent over the link-local scope.
                      ^^^
Maybe "RAs can _only_ be sent over a ll scope"?  YEs, the overall
cause-effect makes sense, just maybe the "not" is wrong.

> The Home Agent Solicitation message MUST NOT be multicasted

Why not?  I understand that RA's can not be multicasted on other scope
than link, but why forbidding HAS being multicasted on a wider scope?
It would be good to multicast the HAS especially if there are many HAs
in this "HA multicast group".

> The Home Agent initiated switching is useful for load-sharing of each
>  Home Agents.  A Home Agent can control the load average by moving 
> some of Mobile Routers to other Home Agents compulsory.

"compulsory"?  Maybe "compulsorily"?, just a thought...

> When a Home Agent receives a Binding Update from a Mobile Router and
>  processes the Binding Update successfully, it enables route 
> distribution for the mobile network prefixes.

So HA receives a completely unknown MNP in a BU and redistributes it to
the Internet?  How is HA confident about MR not attacking the Internet?

> Each Home Agent advertises the same home prefix to the Internet.

How far are the HA's from each other and how far do those home prefixes
propagate to the Internet?

> On the other hand, if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding for 
> the Home Address and the mobile network prefixes, it tunnels 
> intercepted packets to the primary Home Agent (Fig 2) first.

If the HA does not enable forwarding for that Home Address, then how it
obtained packets addressed to that Home Address in first place?  I agree
that if HA obtains those packets, it then forwards them to the primary
HA, and that's a good idea, but how does it "intercept" those packets in
first place if it does not forward for that Home Address?

> One specific advantage of not relying on a Home Link for HAHA 
> communication is that for a large configuration, the Home Agents can
>  be organized hierarchically and distributed geographically, as a set
>  of local clusters linked together to form a global Home Network.

I think this explanation is very important to motivate the need of HAHA
previously described.  I think this picture should be given somewhere at
the beginning of the document, instead of at the appendix.

Still, if we consider a very wide-area network (inter-continental) as
described above, then HAHA can work only if the longest links between
the clusters are L2 links (say ATM or sattelite or fiber, your choice),
and are very short in terms of number of IP hops.  One can not imagine
that two HAs advertising same MNP are separated by BGP-served zones,
because dynamically inducing new routes might pose problems in terms of
routing table size (or so they say).

And, once we assume that those HAs are only a few IP hops apart (even if
over inter-continental lengths) then Mobile IP per se brings in little
advantage.  Just use OSPF  in this small domain (small in terms of IP
hops, but large in terms of physical distance) and suddenly
encapsulation problems and RO problems disappear.

And finally, thank you for providing the concepts in this draft, the
mechanisms of binding synchronization and so on make sense, the messages
are described in bit-detail (few drafts do) and looking forward for your
comments,

Alex
GBU






















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Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141
From: Noriaki Takamiya <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>
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Hi,

>> Wed, 22 Oct 2003 17:39:22 +0200
>> [Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141]
>> Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com> wrote...

petrescu> I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in the table,
petrescu> or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?
petrescu> (prefix len can be larger than 128 by error because encoded on 8bit 
petrescu> instead of 7 because easier to program).

  I see. Thank you for your advice.

  IMHO, I thought that HA must check if it can forward to the mobile
  network prefix or not(e.g. using ICMP echoreplay) after
  configuration for forwarding.

  I recognize that the check using ICMP is not realistic.

  Regards,

--
Noriaki Takamiya



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Hi,

>> Wed, 22 Oct 2003 17:39:22 +0200
>> [Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141]
>> Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com> wrote...

petrescu> I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in the table,
petrescu> or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?
petrescu> (prefix len can be larger than 128 by error because encoded on 8bit 
petrescu> instead of 7 because easier to program).

  I see. Thank you for your advice.

  IMHO, I thought that HA must check if it can forward to the mobile
  network prefix or not(e.g. using ICMP echoreplay) after
  configuration for forwarding.

  I recognize that the check using ICMP is not realistic.

  Regards,

--
Noriaki Takamiya




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HyunWook Cha wrote:
> Hi Alex, I apologize that my second comment on A-C-B seems to be 
> repeated. Please ignore that. And, I modify my first comment. Since 
> an MR which does not have global prefixes requests prefix delegation,

As long as manets or partitions (clusters?) of manets stay separated
from the Internet, they don't quite need global prefixes, no?

> MR_B delegates its prefix to MR_A in case A-(B-C) that I mentioned 
> below. How about this case where one group(cluster or partion in 
> terms of MANET) of mobile networks is connected to another group of 
> mobile netwroks? (A->B)-(C->D) I think prefix delegation should be 
> extended to propagate route information for prefix of one group to 
> other group although prefix delegation is not needed.

I would say that before extending prefix delegation to propagate groups
of prefixes in the form of routing information, let's see first how
prefix delegation works in simple cases, draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt

> If so, why don't you use MANET routing protcols?

Yes, using MANET routing protocols when there are many manets or many
manet partitions makes a lot of sense.  I am not knowledgeable enough on
the manet protocols to know whether any does address assignment (or
address autoconfiguration), and if not, maybe manet protocols couldl be
extended to do that too with DHCP.

Thanks for comments,

Alex
GBU




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HyunWook Cha wrote:
> Hi Alex, I apologize that my second comment on A-C-B seems to be 
> repeated. Please ignore that. And, I modify my first comment. Since 
> an MR which does not have global prefixes requests prefix delegation,

As long as manets or partitions (clusters?) of manets stay separated
from the Internet, they don't quite need global prefixes, no?

> MR_B delegates its prefix to MR_A in case A-(B-C) that I mentioned 
> below. How about this case where one group(cluster or partion in 
> terms of MANET) of mobile networks is connected to another group of 
> mobile netwroks? (A->B)-(C->D) I think prefix delegation should be 
> extended to propagate route information for prefix of one group to 
> other group although prefix delegation is not needed.

I would say that before extending prefix delegation to propagate groups
of prefixes in the form of routing information, let's see first how
prefix delegation works in simple cases, draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt

> If so, why don't you use MANET routing protcols?

Yes, using MANET routing protocols when there are many manets or many
manet partitions makes a lot of sense.  I am not knowledgeable enough on
the manet protocols to know whether any does address assignment (or
address autoconfiguration), and if not, maybe manet protocols couldl be
extended to do that too with DHCP.

Thanks for comments,

Alex
GBU





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Noriaki Takamiya wrote:
>   IMHO, I thought that HA must check if it can forward to the mobile
>   network prefix or not(e.g. using ICMP echoreplay) after
>   configuration for forwarding.
> 
>   I recognize that the check using ICMP is not realistic.

Of course it depends.  The idea of checking connectivity with echo 
request/reply comes to mind immediately when thinking about 
reachability.  For example RR tests of Mobile IPv6 are a sort of just 
that: check routability between CN, MN and HA.

On another hand, a very early version of draft-kniveton-mobrtr had a 
sort of check echo req/rep too from HA to MR, IIRC.  Then it was no 
longer proposed, probably because being an ICMP message does not give 
real reliable indication ("reply" can be lost now and not 10s later).

With failing Mobile IPv6 RR tests, there's a backup: use bidir tunnel 
instead of using RO.  With failing req/rep from HA to MR there is no 
backup, HA simply informs the MR 141.

Or something like that...

Alex
GBU




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Noriaki Takamiya wrote:
>   IMHO, I thought that HA must check if it can forward to the mobile
>   network prefix or not(e.g. using ICMP echoreplay) after
>   configuration for forwarding.
> 
>   I recognize that the check using ICMP is not realistic.

Of course it depends.  The idea of checking connectivity with echo 
request/reply comes to mind immediately when thinking about 
reachability.  For example RR tests of Mobile IPv6 are a sort of just 
that: check routability between CN, MN and HA.

On another hand, a very early version of draft-kniveton-mobrtr had a 
sort of check echo req/rep too from HA to MR, IIRC.  Then it was no 
longer proposed, probably because being an ICMP message does not give 
real reliable indication ("reply" can be lost now and not 10s later).

With failing Mobile IPv6 RR tests, there's a backup: use bidir tunnel 
instead of using RO.  With failing req/rep from HA to MR there is no 
backup, HA simply informs the MR 141.

Or something like that...

Alex
GBU





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Alexandru Petrescu wrote:
> Hello to authors of draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt available at
> http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt 
> 
> 
> Here are some comments on the draft.  Please take them as comments only.
> 
> The whole idea of having an inter-HA protocol (HAHA) for HA's _not_ on
> the same link seems valuable from several standpoints, most importantly
> for redundancy.  The presentation of the mechanisms makes sense and
> covers a large set of scenarios; thanks for writing it.
> 
> However, I have doubts with respect to motivating the use of these
> mechanisms in order to help with RO; and also doubting about where to
> target these mechanisms: MIP6 or NEMO.

it is definitely not intended to be a substitute for Route
Optimization. we will add an explicit statement to that
effect in the next version of the draft.


>> Multiple Home Agents could be located on different links and still 
>> serve the same home prefix.
> 
>  
> I think that if they are located on different links (IP subnets) then
> they will have difficulty to advertise reachability to a same Home
> Address (or same MNP).  If these home links are relatively close to each
> other, as to form an IGP area, then adertising reachability towards the
> same Home Address (or MNP) is indeed feasible, and OSPF does that.  If
> however these home links are in different domains (separated by e.g.
> BGP) then I doubt these HA's can effectively advertise reachability of
> the same Home Address (or MNP).  No?

this is an open issue. I believe that even if the Home Agents
are on different links serving the same set of home prefixes,
they still have to belong to the same Autonomous System. they
are not in different domains. Pascal might have something
different to say here.

> 
>> When multiple Home Agents are configured at different links, each home 
>> agent is expected to know the other Home Agents beforehand and 
>> establishes Security Association with them for a secure path towards 
>> the other home agent.
> 
> 
> I wonder how this could be done, to have a set of HA's scattered in the
> Internet and have SA's among them, do you have a specific tool in mind?

thats easy. they are part of the same domain. they can just
run IKE to negotiate the keys. or some admin can manually
setup IPsec SAs.

>> When a Home Agent receives a Binding Update from a Mobile Router and
>>  processes the Binding Update successfully, it enables route 
>> distribution for the mobile network prefixes.
> 
> 
> So HA receives a completely unknown MNP in a BU and redistributes it to
> the Internet?  How is HA confident about MR not attacking the Internet?

HA has to verify if the Mobile Router is authorized for a
particular MNP. I prefer doing this check always.

>> On the other hand, if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding for 
>> the Home Address and the mobile network prefixes, it tunnels 
>> intercepted packets to the primary Home Agent (Fig 2) first.
> 
> 
> If the HA does not enable forwarding for that Home Address, then how it
> obtained packets addressed to that Home Address in first place?  I agree
> that if HA obtains those packets, it then forwards them to the primary
> HA, and that's a good idea, but how does it "intercept" those packets in
> first place if it does not forward for that Home Address?

it just said "if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding...."
it didnt say "the Home Agent does not advertise reachability
for the MNP...".

> 
>> One specific advantage of not relying on a Home Link for HAHA 
>> communication is that for a large configuration, the Home Agents can
>>  be organized hierarchically and distributed geographically, as a set
>>  of local clusters linked together to form a global Home Network.
> 
> 
> I think this explanation is very important to motivate the need of HAHA
> previously described.  I think this picture should be given somewhere at
> the beginning of the document, instead of at the appendix.
> 
> Still, if we consider a very wide-area network (inter-continental) as
> described above, then HAHA can work only if the longest links between
> the clusters are L2 links (say ATM or sattelite or fiber, your choice),

what about IP-in-IP tunnels between the HA clusters?

Vijay




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To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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        "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] Comments on draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
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Alexandru Petrescu wrote:
> Hello to authors of draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt available at
> http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt 
> 
> 
> Here are some comments on the draft.  Please take them as comments only.
> 
> The whole idea of having an inter-HA protocol (HAHA) for HA's _not_ on
> the same link seems valuable from several standpoints, most importantly
> for redundancy.  The presentation of the mechanisms makes sense and
> covers a large set of scenarios; thanks for writing it.
> 
> However, I have doubts with respect to motivating the use of these
> mechanisms in order to help with RO; and also doubting about where to
> target these mechanisms: MIP6 or NEMO.

it is definitely not intended to be a substitute for Route
Optimization. we will add an explicit statement to that
effect in the next version of the draft.


>> Multiple Home Agents could be located on different links and still 
>> serve the same home prefix.
> 
>  
> I think that if they are located on different links (IP subnets) then
> they will have difficulty to advertise reachability to a same Home
> Address (or same MNP).  If these home links are relatively close to each
> other, as to form an IGP area, then adertising reachability towards the
> same Home Address (or MNP) is indeed feasible, and OSPF does that.  If
> however these home links are in different domains (separated by e.g.
> BGP) then I doubt these HA's can effectively advertise reachability of
> the same Home Address (or MNP).  No?

this is an open issue. I believe that even if the Home Agents
are on different links serving the same set of home prefixes,
they still have to belong to the same Autonomous System. they
are not in different domains. Pascal might have something
different to say here.

> 
>> When multiple Home Agents are configured at different links, each home 
>> agent is expected to know the other Home Agents beforehand and 
>> establishes Security Association with them for a secure path towards 
>> the other home agent.
> 
> 
> I wonder how this could be done, to have a set of HA's scattered in the
> Internet and have SA's among them, do you have a specific tool in mind?

thats easy. they are part of the same domain. they can just
run IKE to negotiate the keys. or some admin can manually
setup IPsec SAs.

>> When a Home Agent receives a Binding Update from a Mobile Router and
>>  processes the Binding Update successfully, it enables route 
>> distribution for the mobile network prefixes.
> 
> 
> So HA receives a completely unknown MNP in a BU and redistributes it to
> the Internet?  How is HA confident about MR not attacking the Internet?

HA has to verify if the Mobile Router is authorized for a
particular MNP. I prefer doing this check always.

>> On the other hand, if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding for 
>> the Home Address and the mobile network prefixes, it tunnels 
>> intercepted packets to the primary Home Agent (Fig 2) first.
> 
> 
> If the HA does not enable forwarding for that Home Address, then how it
> obtained packets addressed to that Home Address in first place?  I agree
> that if HA obtains those packets, it then forwards them to the primary
> HA, and that's a good idea, but how does it "intercept" those packets in
> first place if it does not forward for that Home Address?

it just said "if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding...."
it didnt say "the Home Agent does not advertise reachability
for the MNP...".

> 
>> One specific advantage of not relying on a Home Link for HAHA 
>> communication is that for a large configuration, the Home Agents can
>>  be organized hierarchically and distributed geographically, as a set
>>  of local clusters linked together to form a global Home Network.
> 
> 
> I think this explanation is very important to motivate the need of HAHA
> previously described.  I think this picture should be given somewhere at
> the beginning of the document, instead of at the appendix.
> 
> Still, if we consider a very wide-area network (inter-continental) as
> described above, then HAHA can work only if the longest links between
> the clusters are L2 links (say ATM or sattelite or fiber, your choice),

what about IP-in-IP tunnels between the HA clusters?

Vijay





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 22 13:33:21 2003
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Subject: [nemo] Comments on draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
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Hi Ralph,

I have some comments with respect to draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
where it is explained how to use DHCPv6PD between MR and its HA, in a
NEMO (Network Mobility) context.

> The network mobility requirements document [7] defines a solution for
>  mobile IPv6 networks based on the mobile IPv6 protocol [4].

In fact, the requirements document 7 defines just that, and it
prefigures the form of a solution, yes.  And there is a WG item basic
support solution for Mobile IPv6 moving networks
draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt

> The requirements for basic network mobility support [8]

[8] draft-wakikawa will probably be outdated, but there is the WG item
mentioned above.  That does not have reqs, so it would be sufficient to
cite 7 instead of 8.

> The HA (acting as the DR) is provisioned with prefixes to be assigned
>  using any of the prefix assignment mechanisms described in the 
> DHCPv6PD specifications.

So the HA will have forwarding information (routes?) in its forwarding
information table (routing table?) with entries for each one of these
prefixes to be delegated, and pointing towards the MR's Home Address,
right?  Maybe those routes will be added at HA only when HA receives a
DHCP Request and only if it replies positively?

In this case, let's look at the overall picture when MR is away from
home and bootstraps and does not have a Mobile Network Prefix (MNP)
allocated.

1- it sends a DHCP request through the tunnel to obtain prefix MNP
2- HA receives this request, allocates one MNP and adds entry in routing
    table.
3- HA sends positive reply to MR and sends it the MNP too.
4- MR sends NEMO BU to HA informing it about this prefix.
5- HA sends back a NEMO Binding Acknowldegement to MR.

It is obvious that messages 4 and 5 are not absolutely needed for
forwarding to work if the message 1 contained some optional bits saying
that this is an MR away from home.

> Other updates to the HA data structures required as a side effect of 
> prefix delegation are specified by the particular network mobility 
> protocol.  For example, in the case of "Basic Network Mobility 
> Support" [8], the HA would add an entry in its binding cache 
> registering the delegated prefix to the MR to which the prefix was 
> delegated.

In the current nemo basic spec there are actually three ways in which HA
structures are modified: implicit (the prefix is not in the BU, but is
present in the rHA outing table), "explicit network" (the prefix is in
the BU) and "explicit prefix len" (where only the prefix length is sent,
to be applied to the HoA of the address of MR's interface connecting to
the moving network; its egress connects to the home link).

So, I guess that if MR uses implicit mode to update BC of HA, then HA
uses whatever prefix information it has in its routing table.  Whether
that information comes from DHCPv6PD or from a routing protocol like
OSPF, MR does not care.

But, if MR uses explicit network mode to inform its HA about an MNP to
be put in its routing table (or its BC) then that MNP MUST NOt conflict
with the MNP assigned by DHCPv6PD.

Same contention must be avoided if "explicit prefix length" mode is used.

What do you think?

Alex
GBU




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Subject: [nemo] Comments on draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
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Hi Ralph,

I have some comments with respect to draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
where it is explained how to use DHCPv6PD between MR and its HA, in a
NEMO (Network Mobility) context.

> The network mobility requirements document [7] defines a solution for
>  mobile IPv6 networks based on the mobile IPv6 protocol [4].

In fact, the requirements document 7 defines just that, and it
prefigures the form of a solution, yes.  And there is a WG item basic
support solution for Mobile IPv6 moving networks
draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt

> The requirements for basic network mobility support [8]

[8] draft-wakikawa will probably be outdated, but there is the WG item
mentioned above.  That does not have reqs, so it would be sufficient to
cite 7 instead of 8.

> The HA (acting as the DR) is provisioned with prefixes to be assigned
>  using any of the prefix assignment mechanisms described in the 
> DHCPv6PD specifications.

So the HA will have forwarding information (routes?) in its forwarding
information table (routing table?) with entries for each one of these
prefixes to be delegated, and pointing towards the MR's Home Address,
right?  Maybe those routes will be added at HA only when HA receives a
DHCP Request and only if it replies positively?

In this case, let's look at the overall picture when MR is away from
home and bootstraps and does not have a Mobile Network Prefix (MNP)
allocated.

1- it sends a DHCP request through the tunnel to obtain prefix MNP
2- HA receives this request, allocates one MNP and adds entry in routing
    table.
3- HA sends positive reply to MR and sends it the MNP too.
4- MR sends NEMO BU to HA informing it about this prefix.
5- HA sends back a NEMO Binding Acknowldegement to MR.

It is obvious that messages 4 and 5 are not absolutely needed for
forwarding to work if the message 1 contained some optional bits saying
that this is an MR away from home.

> Other updates to the HA data structures required as a side effect of 
> prefix delegation are specified by the particular network mobility 
> protocol.  For example, in the case of "Basic Network Mobility 
> Support" [8], the HA would add an entry in its binding cache 
> registering the delegated prefix to the MR to which the prefix was 
> delegated.

In the current nemo basic spec there are actually three ways in which HA
structures are modified: implicit (the prefix is not in the BU, but is
present in the rHA outing table), "explicit network" (the prefix is in
the BU) and "explicit prefix len" (where only the prefix length is sent,
to be applied to the HoA of the address of MR's interface connecting to
the moving network; its egress connects to the home link).

So, I guess that if MR uses implicit mode to update BC of HA, then HA
uses whatever prefix information it has in its routing table.  Whether
that information comes from DHCPv6PD or from a routing protocol like
OSPF, MR does not care.

But, if MR uses explicit network mode to inform its HA about an MNP to
be put in its routing table (or its BC) then that MNP MUST NOt conflict
with the MNP assigned by DHCPv6PD.

Same contention must be avoided if "explicit prefix length" mode is used.

What do you think?

Alex
GBU





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Subject: Re: [nemo] Comments on draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
>> However, I have doubts with respect to motivating the use of these 
>> mechanisms in order to help with RO; and also doubting about where 
>> to target these mechanisms: MIP6 or NEMO.
> 
> it is definitely not intended to be a substitute for Route 
> Optimization. we will add an explicit statement to that effect in the
>  next version of the draft.

Ok, so I retain as problem only "tunnelling overhead on every packet
could be reduced to a much shorter path in the Internet".

>> I think that if they are located on different links (IP subnets) 
>> then they will have difficulty to advertise reachability to a same
>>  Home Address (or same MNP).  If these home links are relatively 
>> close to each other, as to form an IGP area, then adertising 
>> reachability towards the same Home Address (or MNP) is indeed 
>> feasible, and OSPF does that.  If however these home links are in 
>> different domains (separated by e.g. BGP) then I doubt these HA's 
>> can effectively advertise reachability of the same Home Address (or
>>  MNP).  No?
> 
> 
> this is an open issue.

Well said.

> I believe that even if the Home Agents are on different links serving
>  the same set of home prefixes, they still have to belong to the same
>  Autonomous System. they are not in different domains. Pascal might 
> have something different to say here.

Ok.

>> I wonder how this could be done, to have a set of HA's scattered in
>>  the Internet and have SA's among them, do you have a specific tool
>>  in mind?
> 
> thats easy. they are part of the same domain. they can just run IKE 
> to negotiate the keys. or some admin can manually setup IPsec SAs.

Ok, so again you rely on HA's being in the same domain; and if yes then
IKE could be used.

>>> On the other hand, if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding 
>>> for the Home Address and the mobile network prefixes, it tunnels
>>>  intercepted packets to the primary Home Agent (Fig 2) first.
>> 
>> If the HA does not enable forwarding for that Home Address, then 
>> how it obtained packets addressed to that Home Address in first 
>> place?  I agree that if HA obtains those packets, it then forwards
>>  them to the primary HA, and that's a good idea, but how does it 
>> "intercept" those packets in first place if it does not forward for
>>  that Home Address?
> 
> 
> it just said "if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding...." it 
> didnt say "the Home Agent does not advertise reachability for the 
> MNP...".

It said "it does not enable forwarding for the Home Address", no MNP.
Forwarding for a Home Address can only happen if there is forwarding for
some prefix, or host-based route, but it is still forwarding for a Home
Address.

>>> One specific advantage of not relying on a Home Link for HAHA 
>>> communication is that for a large configuration, the Home Agents
>>>  can be organized hierarchically and distributed geographically,
>>>  as a set of local clusters linked together to form a global Home
>>>  Network.
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> I think this explanation is very important to motivate the need of
>>  HAHA previously described.  I think this picture should be given 
>> somewhere at the beginning of the document, instead of at the 
>> appendix.
>> 
>> Still, if we consider a very wide-area network (inter-continental)
>>  as described above, then HAHA can work only if the longest links 
>> between the clusters are L2 links (say ATM or sattelite or fiber, 
>> your choice),
> 
> 
> what about IP-in-IP tunnels between the HA clusters?

Coming back to the first statement, which says that this HAHA is not
about RO, it is implicitely about reducing the length of the path on
which packets travel encapsulated.  What?  There is always a level of
encapsulation between HA clusters with IP-in-IP tunnels?

So, even if there is no tunnel between MH and its primary HA (there is
only encapsulation between MH and its local HA) but then there is a
level of encapsulation between the HA's anyways, so what is it gained?

Alex
GBU




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Date: Wed, 22 Oct 2003 19:47:00 +0200
From: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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Cc: nemo@ietf.org, Ryuji Wakikawa <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] Comments on draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
References: <3F96AEB9.4030709@nal.motlabs.com> <3F96BDB4.1030703@iprg.nokia.com>
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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
>> However, I have doubts with respect to motivating the use of these 
>> mechanisms in order to help with RO; and also doubting about where 
>> to target these mechanisms: MIP6 or NEMO.
> 
> it is definitely not intended to be a substitute for Route 
> Optimization. we will add an explicit statement to that effect in the
>  next version of the draft.

Ok, so I retain as problem only "tunnelling overhead on every packet
could be reduced to a much shorter path in the Internet".

>> I think that if they are located on different links (IP subnets) 
>> then they will have difficulty to advertise reachability to a same
>>  Home Address (or same MNP).  If these home links are relatively 
>> close to each other, as to form an IGP area, then adertising 
>> reachability towards the same Home Address (or MNP) is indeed 
>> feasible, and OSPF does that.  If however these home links are in 
>> different domains (separated by e.g. BGP) then I doubt these HA's 
>> can effectively advertise reachability of the same Home Address (or
>>  MNP).  No?
> 
> 
> this is an open issue.

Well said.

> I believe that even if the Home Agents are on different links serving
>  the same set of home prefixes, they still have to belong to the same
>  Autonomous System. they are not in different domains. Pascal might 
> have something different to say here.

Ok.

>> I wonder how this could be done, to have a set of HA's scattered in
>>  the Internet and have SA's among them, do you have a specific tool
>>  in mind?
> 
> thats easy. they are part of the same domain. they can just run IKE 
> to negotiate the keys. or some admin can manually setup IPsec SAs.

Ok, so again you rely on HA's being in the same domain; and if yes then
IKE could be used.

>>> On the other hand, if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding 
>>> for the Home Address and the mobile network prefixes, it tunnels
>>>  intercepted packets to the primary Home Agent (Fig 2) first.
>> 
>> If the HA does not enable forwarding for that Home Address, then 
>> how it obtained packets addressed to that Home Address in first 
>> place?  I agree that if HA obtains those packets, it then forwards
>>  them to the primary HA, and that's a good idea, but how does it 
>> "intercept" those packets in first place if it does not forward for
>>  that Home Address?
> 
> 
> it just said "if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding...." it 
> didnt say "the Home Agent does not advertise reachability for the 
> MNP...".

It said "it does not enable forwarding for the Home Address", no MNP.
Forwarding for a Home Address can only happen if there is forwarding for
some prefix, or host-based route, but it is still forwarding for a Home
Address.

>>> One specific advantage of not relying on a Home Link for HAHA 
>>> communication is that for a large configuration, the Home Agents
>>>  can be organized hierarchically and distributed geographically,
>>>  as a set of local clusters linked together to form a global Home
>>>  Network.
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> I think this explanation is very important to motivate the need of
>>  HAHA previously described.  I think this picture should be given 
>> somewhere at the beginning of the document, instead of at the 
>> appendix.
>> 
>> Still, if we consider a very wide-area network (inter-continental)
>>  as described above, then HAHA can work only if the longest links 
>> between the clusters are L2 links (say ATM or sattelite or fiber, 
>> your choice),
> 
> 
> what about IP-in-IP tunnels between the HA clusters?

Coming back to the first statement, which says that this HAHA is not
about RO, it is implicitely about reducing the length of the path on
which packets travel encapsulated.  What?  There is always a level of
encapsulation between HA clusters with IP-in-IP tunnels?

So, even if there is no tunnel between MH and its primary HA (there is
only encapsulation between MH and its local HA) but then there is a
level of encapsulation between the HA's anyways, so what is it gained?

Alex
GBU





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 22 14:01:28 2003
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        "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] Comments on draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
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Alexandru Petrescu wrote:

>>>> On the other hand, if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding for 
>>>> the Home Address and the mobile network prefixes, it tunnels
>>>>  intercepted packets to the primary Home Agent (Fig 2) first.
>>>
>>>
>>> If the HA does not enable forwarding for that Home Address, then how 
>>> it obtained packets addressed to that Home Address in first place?  I 
>>> agree that if HA obtains those packets, it then forwards
>>>  them to the primary HA, and that's a good idea, but how does it 
>>> "intercept" those packets in first place if it does not forward for
>>>  that Home Address?
>>
>>
>>
>> it just said "if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding...." it 
>> didnt say "the Home Agent does not advertise reachability for the 
>> MNP...".
> 
> 
> It said "it does not enable forwarding for the Home Address", no MNP.
> Forwarding for a Home Address can only happen if there is forwarding for
> some prefix, or host-based route, but it is still forwarding for a Home
> Address.

needs to be fixed. but I guess you understood what it intends
to say. each Home Agent can either tunnel the packets directly
to the Mobile Router's current point of attachment or to the
primary HA.

>>> I think this explanation is very important to motivate the need of
>>>  HAHA previously described.  I think this picture should be given 
>>> somewhere at the beginning of the document, instead of at the appendix.
>>>
>>> Still, if we consider a very wide-area network (inter-continental)
>>>  as described above, then HAHA can work only if the longest links 
>>> between the clusters are L2 links (say ATM or sattelite or fiber, 
>>> your choice),
>>
>>
>>
>> what about IP-in-IP tunnels between the HA clusters?
> 
> 
> Coming back to the first statement, which says that this HAHA is not
> about RO, it is implicitely about reducing the length of the path on
> which packets travel encapsulated.  What?  There is always a level of
> encapsulation between HA clusters with IP-in-IP tunnels?
> 
> So, even if there is no tunnel between MH and its primary HA (there is
> only encapsulation between MH and its local HA) but then there is a
> level of encapsulation between the HA's anyways, so what is it gained?

think of a fat pipe between the HA clusters.

Vijay




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        "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] Comments on draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
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Alexandru Petrescu wrote:

>>>> On the other hand, if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding for 
>>>> the Home Address and the mobile network prefixes, it tunnels
>>>>  intercepted packets to the primary Home Agent (Fig 2) first.
>>>
>>>
>>> If the HA does not enable forwarding for that Home Address, then how 
>>> it obtained packets addressed to that Home Address in first place?  I 
>>> agree that if HA obtains those packets, it then forwards
>>>  them to the primary HA, and that's a good idea, but how does it 
>>> "intercept" those packets in first place if it does not forward for
>>>  that Home Address?
>>
>>
>>
>> it just said "if the Home Agent does not enable forwarding...." it 
>> didnt say "the Home Agent does not advertise reachability for the 
>> MNP...".
> 
> 
> It said "it does not enable forwarding for the Home Address", no MNP.
> Forwarding for a Home Address can only happen if there is forwarding for
> some prefix, or host-based route, but it is still forwarding for a Home
> Address.

needs to be fixed. but I guess you understood what it intends
to say. each Home Agent can either tunnel the packets directly
to the Mobile Router's current point of attachment or to the
primary HA.

>>> I think this explanation is very important to motivate the need of
>>>  HAHA previously described.  I think this picture should be given 
>>> somewhere at the beginning of the document, instead of at the appendix.
>>>
>>> Still, if we consider a very wide-area network (inter-continental)
>>>  as described above, then HAHA can work only if the longest links 
>>> between the clusters are L2 links (say ATM or sattelite or fiber, 
>>> your choice),
>>
>>
>>
>> what about IP-in-IP tunnels between the HA clusters?
> 
> 
> Coming back to the first statement, which says that this HAHA is not
> about RO, it is implicitely about reducing the length of the path on
> which packets travel encapsulated.  What?  There is always a level of
> encapsulation between HA clusters with IP-in-IP tunnels?
> 
> So, even if there is no tunnel between MH and its primary HA (there is
> only encapsulation between MH and its local HA) but then there is a
> level of encapsulation between the HA's anyways, so what is it gained?

think of a fat pipe between the HA clusters.

Vijay





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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
>> It said "it does not enable forwarding for the Home Address", no MNP.
>> Forwarding for a Home Address can only happen if there is forwarding for
>> some prefix, or host-based route, but it is still forwarding for a Home
>> Address.
> 
> 
> needs to be fixed. but I guess you understood what it intends
> to say. each Home Agent can either tunnel the packets directly
> to the Mobile Router's current point of attachment or to the
> primary HA.

Yes I got that.

I reacted on it because it seemed the only point in the text to mention 
a little bit that HA's will not always advertise reachability of same 
HoA.  But now that you say that it is a common thread of the entire HAHA 
draft that all HA's are _inside_ a unique small domain (even if spread 
over a wide geographical area) then I understand it.

> think of a fat pipe between the HA clusters.

YEs, fat but very distant from the CN.  The HAHA domain being very small 
in terms of IP hops it can not be close to any IP CN of the Internet 
(even if it _could be_ close geographically).  There can surely be no 
big fat pipe close to all CNs of the Internet, because there are so many.

No?

Alex
GBU




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Vijay Devarapalli wrote:
>> It said "it does not enable forwarding for the Home Address", no MNP.
>> Forwarding for a Home Address can only happen if there is forwarding for
>> some prefix, or host-based route, but it is still forwarding for a Home
>> Address.
> 
> 
> needs to be fixed. but I guess you understood what it intends
> to say. each Home Agent can either tunnel the packets directly
> to the Mobile Router's current point of attachment or to the
> primary HA.

Yes I got that.

I reacted on it because it seemed the only point in the text to mention 
a little bit that HA's will not always advertise reachability of same 
HoA.  But now that you say that it is a common thread of the entire HAHA 
draft that all HA's are _inside_ a unique small domain (even if spread 
over a wide geographical area) then I understand it.

> think of a fat pipe between the HA clusters.

YEs, fat but very distant from the CN.  The HAHA domain being very small 
in terms of IP hops it can not be close to any IP CN of the Internet 
(even if it _could be_ close geographically).  There can surely be no 
big fat pipe close to all CNs of the Internet, because there are so many.

No?

Alex
GBU





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct 23 01:13:24 2003
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        Noriaki Takamiya
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 > >   In 4), what does HA verify?
 > > 
 > >   Does 'fail' mean that HA couldn't just configure the
 > >   forwarding(e.g. reverse tunneling or setup routing table)?
 > 
 > I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in 
 > the table,
 > or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?

=> But that sounds more like a message format error
which should be generic for any incorrect field in the 
BU. I thought this was already covered in the base MIPv6
spec. 

Hesham



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Oct 23 01:13:26 2003
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	 <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>
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 > >   In 4), what does HA verify?
 > > 
 > >   Does 'fail' mean that HA couldn't just configure the
 > >   forwarding(e.g. reverse tunneling or setup routing table)?
 > 
 > I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in 
 > the table,
 > or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?

=> But that sounds more like a message format error
which should be generic for any incorrect field in the 
BU. I thought this was already covered in the base MIPv6
spec. 

Hesham




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct 23 02:57:23 2003
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Alex,
I am glad to receive your reply though it seems a bit late.
Anyway, please see inline comments.

> 
> HyunWook Cha wrote:
> > Hi Alex, I apologize that my second comment on A-C-B seems to be
> > repeated. Please ignore that. And, I modify my first comment. Since 
> > an MR which does not have global prefixes requests prefix 
> delegation,
> 
> As long as manets or partitions (clusters?) of manets stay 
> separated from the Internet, they don't quite need global 
> prefixes, no?
> 

Right. However, I assume that at least one mobile network prefix be
assingned for a mobile network statically 
for normal nodes in a mobile network to be enable to communicate with
normal nodes in another mobile network.
In this case, duplicate address problem can occur. After all, without
gateways, each MR should configure its global prefix autonomously.
This is not considered in the MANET wg, though. 

> > MR_B delegates its prefix to MR_A in case A-(B-C) that I mentioned
> > below. How about this case where one group(cluster or partion in 
> > terms of MANET) of mobile networks is connected to another group of 
> > mobile netwroks? (A->B)-(C->D) I think prefix delegation should be 
> > extended to propagate route information for prefix of one group to 
> > other group although prefix delegation is not needed.
> 
> I would say that before extending prefix delegation to 
> propagate groups of prefixes in the form of routing 
> information, let's see first how prefix delegation works in 
> simple cases, draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
> 
> > If so, why don't you use MANET routing protcols?
> 
> Yes, using MANET routing protocols when there are many manets 
> or many manet partitions makes a lot of sense.  I am not 
> knowledgeable enough on the manet protocols to know whether 
> any does address assignment (or address autoconfiguration), 
> and if not, maybe manet protocols couldl be extended to do 
> that too with DHCP.
> 
Basically, any unique id or prefix for a MR is applicable since manet
routing protocol exists.
MANET wg views topology of a manet more unreliable than you NEMO guys
do.
Thus, address renumbering according to change of the topology is not
suitable. 

> Thanks for comments,
> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 




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From: "HyunWook Cha" <jafy@etri.re.kr>
To: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
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Alex,
I am glad to receive your reply though it seems a bit late.
Anyway, please see inline comments.

> 
> HyunWook Cha wrote:
> > Hi Alex, I apologize that my second comment on A-C-B seems to be
> > repeated. Please ignore that. And, I modify my first comment. Since 
> > an MR which does not have global prefixes requests prefix 
> delegation,
> 
> As long as manets or partitions (clusters?) of manets stay 
> separated from the Internet, they don't quite need global 
> prefixes, no?
> 

Right. However, I assume that at least one mobile network prefix be
assingned for a mobile network statically 
for normal nodes in a mobile network to be enable to communicate with
normal nodes in another mobile network.
In this case, duplicate address problem can occur. After all, without
gateways, each MR should configure its global prefix autonomously.
This is not considered in the MANET wg, though. 

> > MR_B delegates its prefix to MR_A in case A-(B-C) that I mentioned
> > below. How about this case where one group(cluster or partion in 
> > terms of MANET) of mobile networks is connected to another group of 
> > mobile netwroks? (A->B)-(C->D) I think prefix delegation should be 
> > extended to propagate route information for prefix of one group to 
> > other group although prefix delegation is not needed.
> 
> I would say that before extending prefix delegation to 
> propagate groups of prefixes in the form of routing 
> information, let's see first how prefix delegation works in 
> simple cases, draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
> 
> > If so, why don't you use MANET routing protcols?
> 
> Yes, using MANET routing protocols when there are many manets 
> or many manet partitions makes a lot of sense.  I am not 
> knowledgeable enough on the manet protocols to know whether 
> any does address assignment (or address autoconfiguration), 
> and if not, maybe manet protocols couldl be extended to do 
> that too with DHCP.
> 
Basically, any unique id or prefix for a MR is applicable since manet
routing protocol exists.
MANET wg views topology of a manet more unreliable than you NEMO guys
do.
Thus, address renumbering according to change of the topology is not
suitable. 

> Thanks for comments,
> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct 23 03:27:23 2003
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From: Koshiro MITSUYA <mitsuya@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
Cc: Noriaki Takamiya <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141
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References: <20031022.185854.846933446.takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>
	<3F96A4AA.5000105@nal.motlabs.com>
	<20031023.014612.607960534.takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>
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Hi all, 

In my implementation, HA has a table which includes "capable" mobile
network prefixes which is statically configured by manager. I mean
"capable" that the prefix can be routed and managed by this HA.

If HA receive invalid prefix, "invalid" means not-capable-mobile
network prefixes, HA return 141.  Then MR may try another HA on the HA
list. (I haven't implemented this re-try part yet.)

If a similar entry already exists in the table, MR overwrite the entry
by new BU. Otherwise Alexandru said he guesses that HA return BA with
status 141. I don't know which is good behavior..

thanks,
Koshiro


At Wed, 22 Oct 2003 18:54:54 +0200,
Alexandru Petrescu wrote:
> 
> Noriaki Takamiya wrote:
> >   IMHO, I thought that HA must check if it can forward to the mobile
> >   network prefix or not(e.g. using ICMP echoreplay) after
> >   configuration for forwarding.
> > 
> >   I recognize that the check using ICMP is not realistic.
> 
> Of course it depends.  The idea of checking connectivity with echo 
> request/reply comes to mind immediately when thinking about 
> reachability.  For example RR tests of Mobile IPv6 are a sort of just 
> that: check routability between CN, MN and HA.
> 
> On another hand, a very early version of draft-kniveton-mobrtr had a 
> sort of check echo req/rep too from HA to MR, IIRC.  Then it was no 
> longer proposed, probably because being an ICMP message does not give 
> real reliable indication ("reply" can be lost now and not 10s later).
> 
> With failing Mobile IPv6 RR tests, there's a backup: use bidir tunnel 
> instead of using RO.  With failing req/rep from HA to MR there is no 
> backup, HA simply informs the MR 141.
> 
> Or something like that...
> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 

---
Koshiro Mitsuya
  Jun Murai lab. Graduate School of Media and Governance,
  Keio University.
  5322 Endo, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-8520, Japan.
  Phone : +81-466-49-1100  Fax   : +81-466-49-1395
  E-mail: mitsuya@sfc.wide.ad.jp
  HP    : http://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/~mitsuya/
  key fingerprint = 3487 88C9 B9AA 3BFC B5CF  D479 5466 0680 98C0 9202



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Oct 23 03:27:29 2003
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From: Koshiro MITSUYA <mitsuya@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>
Cc: Noriaki Takamiya <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141
In-Reply-To: <3F96B65E.4040006@nal.motlabs.com>
References: <20031022.185854.846933446.takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>
	<3F96A4AA.5000105@nal.motlabs.com>
	<20031023.014612.607960534.takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>
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Hi all, 

In my implementation, HA has a table which includes "capable" mobile
network prefixes which is statically configured by manager. I mean
"capable" that the prefix can be routed and managed by this HA.

If HA receive invalid prefix, "invalid" means not-capable-mobile
network prefixes, HA return 141.  Then MR may try another HA on the HA
list. (I haven't implemented this re-try part yet.)

If a similar entry already exists in the table, MR overwrite the entry
by new BU. Otherwise Alexandru said he guesses that HA return BA with
status 141. I don't know which is good behavior..

thanks,
Koshiro


At Wed, 22 Oct 2003 18:54:54 +0200,
Alexandru Petrescu wrote:
> 
> Noriaki Takamiya wrote:
> >   IMHO, I thought that HA must check if it can forward to the mobile
> >   network prefix or not(e.g. using ICMP echoreplay) after
> >   configuration for forwarding.
> > 
> >   I recognize that the check using ICMP is not realistic.
> 
> Of course it depends.  The idea of checking connectivity with echo 
> request/reply comes to mind immediately when thinking about 
> reachability.  For example RR tests of Mobile IPv6 are a sort of just 
> that: check routability between CN, MN and HA.
> 
> On another hand, a very early version of draft-kniveton-mobrtr had a 
> sort of check echo req/rep too from HA to MR, IIRC.  Then it was no 
> longer proposed, probably because being an ICMP message does not give 
> real reliable indication ("reply" can be lost now and not 10s later).
> 
> With failing Mobile IPv6 RR tests, there's a backup: use bidir tunnel 
> instead of using RO.  With failing req/rep from HA to MR there is no 
> backup, HA simply informs the MR 141.
> 
> Or something like that...
> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 

---
Koshiro Mitsuya
  Jun Murai lab. Graduate School of Media and Governance,
  Keio University.
  5322 Endo, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-8520, Japan.
  Phone : +81-466-49-1100  Fax   : +81-466-49-1395
  E-mail: mitsuya@sfc.wide.ad.jp
  HP    : http://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/~mitsuya/
  key fingerprint = 3487 88C9 B9AA 3BFC B5CF  D479 5466 0680 98C0 9202




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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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CC: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>,
        Noriaki Takamiya <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141
References: <748C6D0A58C0F94CA63C198B6674697A01922E02@ftmail.lab.flarion.com>
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Soliman Hesham wrote:
>  > >   In 4), what does HA verify?
>  > > 
>  > >   Does 'fail' mean that HA couldn't just configure the
>  > >   forwarding(e.g. reverse tunneling or setup routing table)?
>  > 
>  > I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in 
>  > the table,
>  > or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?
> 
> => But that sounds more like a message format error
> which should be generic for any incorrect field in the 
> BU. I thought this was already covered in the base MIPv6
> spec. 

prefix information is not sent in the BU in MIPv6. in Nemo
we are trying to deal with the Mobile Router including
some invalid prefix in the Binding Update. the prefix could
be invalid due to many reasons (invalid prefix length,
site-local Mobile Network Prefix, reserved IPv6 prefix as
Mobile Network Prefix, prefix that cannot be aggregated at
the Home Network, etc.....).

Vijay




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CC: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>,
        Noriaki Takamiya <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] About BA status 141
References: <748C6D0A58C0F94CA63C198B6674697A01922E02@ftmail.lab.flarion.com>
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Soliman Hesham wrote:
>  > >   In 4), what does HA verify?
>  > > 
>  > >   Does 'fail' mean that HA couldn't just configure the
>  > >   forwarding(e.g. reverse tunneling or setup routing table)?
>  > 
>  > I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in 
>  > the table,
>  > or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?
> 
> => But that sounds more like a message format error
> which should be generic for any incorrect field in the 
> BU. I thought this was already covered in the base MIPv6
> spec. 

prefix information is not sent in the BU in MIPv6. in Nemo
we are trying to deal with the Mobile Router including
some invalid prefix in the Binding Update. the prefix could
be invalid due to many reasons (invalid prefix length,
site-local Mobile Network Prefix, reserved IPv6 prefix as
Mobile Network Prefix, prefix that cannot be aggregated at
the Home Network, etc.....).

Vijay





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct 23 22:07:23 2003
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From: Soliman Hesham <H.Soliman@flarion.com>
To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>,
        Noriaki Takamiya
	 <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [nemo] About BA status 141
Date: Thu, 23 Oct 2003 22:08:43 -0400
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 > >  > I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in 
 > >  > the table,
 > >  > or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?
 > > 
 > > => But that sounds more like a message format error
 > > which should be generic for any incorrect field in the 
 > > BU. I thought this was already covered in the base MIPv6
 > > spec. 
 > 
 > prefix information is not sent in the BU in MIPv6. in Nemo
 > we are trying to deal with the Mobile Router including
 > some invalid prefix in the Binding Update. the prefix could
 > be invalid due to many reasons (invalid prefix length,
 > site-local Mobile Network Prefix, reserved IPv6 prefix as
 > Mobile Network Prefix, prefix that cannot be aggregated at
 > the Home Network, etc.....).

=> I understand. If that's what it's used for 
then perhaps the error code should reflect that, 
i.e. 'invalid prefix' or something like that. 
Of course you can still reuse the 'format error'
anyway for a new field, but if you want to be specific
you can create a new error code (e.g. 141) and give it
a specific meaning. 

Hesham

 > 
 > Vijay
 > 



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From: Soliman Hesham <H.Soliman@flarion.com>
To: "'Vijay Devarapalli'" <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
Cc: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <petrescu@nal.motlabs.com>,
        Noriaki Takamiya
	 <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: RE: [nemo] About BA status 141
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 > >  > I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in 
 > >  > the table,
 > >  > or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?
 > > 
 > > => But that sounds more like a message format error
 > > which should be generic for any incorrect field in the 
 > > BU. I thought this was already covered in the base MIPv6
 > > spec. 
 > 
 > prefix information is not sent in the BU in MIPv6. in Nemo
 > we are trying to deal with the Mobile Router including
 > some invalid prefix in the Binding Update. the prefix could
 > be invalid due to many reasons (invalid prefix length,
 > site-local Mobile Network Prefix, reserved IPv6 prefix as
 > Mobile Network Prefix, prefix that cannot be aggregated at
 > the Home Network, etc.....).

=> I understand. If that's what it's used for 
then perhaps the error code should reflect that, 
i.e. 'invalid prefix' or something like that. 
Of course you can still reuse the 'format error'
anyway for a new field, but if you want to be specific
you can create a new error code (e.g. 141) and give it
a specific meaning. 

Hesham

 > 
 > Vijay
 > 




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Oct 24 05:28:25 2003
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From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
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        Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>
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Subject: [nemo] Last call for draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
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Hi folks,

The Basic Support draft has been issued for a while now and has had no
significant issues pending in this version. We would like to encourage
everyone in the working group to make sure you have read this draft and
contributed any open issues so that they can be resolved and we can move on
from this charter item.

So, we would like to issue a working group last call for this draft, which
will extend for two weeks, until November 7th. Based on the response during
this time, the working group will decide how to update the draft and move
forward.

Thanks,

-TJ Kniveton, Thierry Ernst.
NEMO chairs




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Subject: [nemo] Last call for draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
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Hi folks,

The Basic Support draft has been issued for a while now and has had no
significant issues pending in this version. We would like to encourage
everyone in the working group to make sure you have read this draft and
contributed any open issues so that they can be resolved and we can move on
from this charter item.

So, we would like to issue a working group last call for this draft, which
will extend for two weeks, until November 7th. Based on the response during
this time, the working group will decide how to update the draft and move
forward.

Thanks,

-TJ Kniveton, Thierry Ernst.
NEMO chairs





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Oct 24 13:41:25 2003
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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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        Noriaki Takamiya <takamiya@po.ntts.co.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
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Soliman Hesham wrote:

>  > >  > I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in 
>  > >  > the table,
>  > >  > or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?
>  > > 
>  > > => But that sounds more like a message format error
>  > > which should be generic for any incorrect field in the 
>  > > BU. I thought this was already covered in the base MIPv6
>  > > spec. 
>  > 
>  > prefix information is not sent in the BU in MIPv6. in Nemo
>  > we are trying to deal with the Mobile Router including
>  > some invalid prefix in the Binding Update. the prefix could
>  > be invalid due to many reasons (invalid prefix length,
>  > site-local Mobile Network Prefix, reserved IPv6 prefix as
>  > Mobile Network Prefix, prefix that cannot be aggregated at
>  > the Home Network, etc.....).
> 
> => I understand. If that's what it's used for 
> then perhaps the error code should reflect that, 
> i.e. 'invalid prefix' or something like that. 

actually it is. :)

       141     Invalid Prefix

section 4.2 of 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt

Vijay




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Soliman Hesham wrote:

>  > >  > I guess so. For example if a similar entry already exists in 
>  > >  > the table,
>  > >  > or if the prefix is larger than 128.  No?
>  > > 
>  > > => But that sounds more like a message format error
>  > > which should be generic for any incorrect field in the 
>  > > BU. I thought this was already covered in the base MIPv6
>  > > spec. 
>  > 
>  > prefix information is not sent in the BU in MIPv6. in Nemo
>  > we are trying to deal with the Mobile Router including
>  > some invalid prefix in the Binding Update. the prefix could
>  > be invalid due to many reasons (invalid prefix length,
>  > site-local Mobile Network Prefix, reserved IPv6 prefix as
>  > Mobile Network Prefix, prefix that cannot be aggregated at
>  > the Home Network, etc.....).
> 
> => I understand. If that's what it's used for 
> then perhaps the error code should reflect that, 
> i.e. 'invalid prefix' or something like that. 

actually it is. :)

       141     Invalid Prefix

section 4.2 of 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt

Vijay





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Oct 26 18:59:25 2003
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From: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
To: nemo@ietf.org
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Hi,
Will there be any NEMO related discussions at the 58th IETF meeting?
Cheers
Eranga




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Hi,
Will there be any NEMO related discussions at the 58th IETF meeting?
Cheers
Eranga





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On 10/26/03 3:56 PM, "Eranga Perera" <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au> wrote:

> Hi,
> Will there be any NEMO related discussions at the 58th IETF meeting?
> Cheers
> Eranga
> 
> 
> 

Yes!

http://www.ietf.org/meetings/agenda_58.html

check wednesday afternoon.

-TJ




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On 10/26/03 3:56 PM, "Eranga Perera" <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au> wrote:

> Hi,
> Will there be any NEMO related discussions at the 58th IETF meeting?
> Cheers
> Eranga
> 
> 
> 

Yes!

http://www.ietf.org/meetings/agenda_58.html

check wednesday afternoon.

-TJ





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Oct 26 19:53:23 2003
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From: Hiroyuki OHNISHI <ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
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Hi all,

 I have submitted a draft on HMIP based Route optimization method in a
mobile network.
This draft proposes an approach similar to the mechanism specified in
   HMIPv6 to shortcut the HAs of MRs. 

I'd like to get some feedback.

The URL for the draft is :
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ohnishi-nemo-ro-hmip-00.txt

-- 
Hiroyuki OHNISHI
NTT Network Service Systems Laboratories
Phone: +81-422-59-4132, Fax: +81-422-60-7460
mailto: ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp





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From: Hiroyuki OHNISHI <ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
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Hi all,

 I have submitted a draft on HMIP based Route optimization method in a
mobile network.
This draft proposes an approach similar to the mechanism specified in
   HMIPv6 to shortcut the HAs of MRs. 

I'd like to get some feedback.

The URL for the draft is :
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ohnishi-nemo-ro-hmip-00.txt

-- 
Hiroyuki OHNISHI
NTT Network Service Systems Laboratories
Phone: +81-422-59-4132, Fax: +81-422-60-7460
mailto: ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Oct 26 22:16:23 2003
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Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2003 12:14:31 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo <nemo@ietf.org>
Cc: tj <tj@kniveton.com>
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Organization: Keio University
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Subject: [nemo] Draft Agenda for 58th IETF
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This is a multi-part message in MIME format.

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Dear all,

Here follows a draft agenda for next meeting. We assume discussions
will be raised on the ML prior to the meeting for all the agenda
items so that our meeting is efficient.

The agenda lists a number of drafts attendees are assumed to have read
prior to the meeting. For transparency and for the interest of the
IETF participants, we also list all the other drafts submitted to the
WG. If you have been submitted a draft to the NEMO WG that is not
listed below, please let us know. However, if the draft does not
attend to address one of the below listed issue, this will not grant a
slot unless there is a significant discussion going on on the ML.
 
We will update the agenda based on your input.

Regards,
Thierry.

--Multipart_Mon__27_Oct_2003_12:14:31_+0900_08299b40
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# NEMO WG Draft Agenda
  58th IETF, Nov.03
  Chairs: Thierry Ernst T.J. Kniveton
  
  IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
  Additional Web Page: http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

o Agenda Bashing ............................................ 5 mins
  Chairs

o NEMO status and milestones ................................ 5 mins
  Chairs

o NEMO Basic Support ....................................... 15 mins
  Vijay Devarapalli ?

  draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
  http://people.nokia.net/vijayd/nemo/issues.html

  This slot will cover the following points:
  - draft update
  - issues solved since last IETF
  - remaining Issues
    

o NEMO Basic Support Additional Documents .................. 15 mins
  Pascal Thubert ?

  draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt

  The DT came to the conclusion that some clarifications about 
  the NEMO Basic Support specification need to be made in separate
  drafts:
  - usages
  - ???

o IPR Status.................................................15 mins
  TJ Kniveton

  IPRs concerns from CISCO have been raised since before last 
  57thIETF meeting in Wien. 
 
o Multihoming ...............................................15 mins
  draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-01.txt
  draft-charbon-nemo-multihoming-evaluation-01.txt

  This slot should address the following points:
  - what scenarios must be supported in NEMO Basic Support
  - what are multihoming issues in NEMO Basic Support
  - at 57th IETF Wien, the WG decided to add multihoming as a 
    WG document. However, we have not yet decided what specific 
    items this document should include.

o Threat Analysis Discussion ............................... 15 mins
  draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt
  draft-????

  This slot should address the following points:
  - what are the potential threats in NEMO Basic Support
  - how are we going to proceed with this WG item


o MIB....................................................... 10 mins

  We don't yet have any contribution on this WG item. How should we
  proceed ?

o Terminology and Requirements Updates.......................10 mins
  draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
  draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
  Thierry Ernst
  
o Conclusion and next steps.................................. 5 mins


  
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Internet Drafts Submitted to the NEMO WG
  All drafts available directly from http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
  or from the IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

o Must Read List for this meeting:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
  Network Mobility Support Terminology
  May 03

- draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
  Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
  May 03

- draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
  Nemo Basic Support Protocol
  Sept.03

- draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
  Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-directional Tunneling
  Oct.03

- draft-charbon-nemo-multihoming-evaluation-00.txt
  Evaluating Multi-homing Support in NEMO Basic Solution
  July 03
              
- draft-paik-nemo-multihoming-problem-00.txt>
  Multihomed Mobile Networks Problem Statements
  Oct. 03

- draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt
  Threat Analysis for NEMO
  Oct. 03

- draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt


o Other drafts advertised on the NEMO ML (not in today's agenda):
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


  - draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
    DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
    June 03

  - draft-hkang-nemo-ro-tlmr-00.txt
    Route Optimization for Mobile Network by Using Bi-directional 
    Between Home Agent and Top Level Mobile Router 
    June 03

  - draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
    ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network 
    Oct.03

  - draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-00.txt
    Laboratory and "Field" Experiments with IPv6 Mobile Networks
    in Vehicular Environments
    June 03     

  - draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-01.txt
    Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network  
    based on Prefix Delegation   
    Oct.03

  - draft-na-nemo-nested-path-info-00 
    Secure Nested Tunnels Optimization using Nested Path Information 
    Sept.03                                  
                  
  - draft-ohnishi-nemo-ro-hmip-00.txt
    HMIP based Route optimization method in a mobile network
    Oct.03

  - draft-paakkonen-nemo-prefix-delegation-00.txt
    Mobile Network Prefix Delegation extension for Mobile IPv6 
    March 03

  - draft-perera-nemo-extended-00.txt
    Extended Network Mobility Support  
    July 03                 

  - draft-thubert-nemo-ipv4-traversal-01.txt
    IPv4 traversal for MIPv6 based Mobile Routers
    May 03

  - draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-01.txt
    Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
    June 03

  - draft-thubert-nemo-reverse-routing-header-03
    IPv6 Reverse Routing Header and its application to Mobile Networks
    Oct. 03
  
  - draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
    Inter Home Agents Protocol (HAHA)
    Oct. 03

o Related drafts
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - draft-ohta-multihomed-isps-00.txt
  - draft-park-mobileip-wifi-handover-00.txt


The chairs.



--Multipart_Mon__27_Oct_2003_12:14:31_+0900_08299b40--



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Date: Mon, 27 Oct 2003 12:14:31 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo <nemo@ietf.org>
Cc: tj <tj@kniveton.com>
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Subject: [nemo] Draft Agenda for 58th IETF
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Dear all,

Here follows a draft agenda for next meeting. We assume discussions
will be raised on the ML prior to the meeting for all the agenda
items so that our meeting is efficient.

The agenda lists a number of drafts attendees are assumed to have read
prior to the meeting. For transparency and for the interest of the
IETF participants, we also list all the other drafts submitted to the
WG. If you have been submitted a draft to the NEMO WG that is not
listed below, please let us know. However, if the draft does not
attend to address one of the below listed issue, this will not grant a
slot unless there is a significant discussion going on on the ML.
 
We will update the agenda based on your input.

Regards,
Thierry.

--Multipart_Mon__27_Oct_2003_12:14:31_+0900_08299b40
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# NEMO WG Draft Agenda
  58th IETF, Nov.03
  Chairs: Thierry Ernst T.J. Kniveton
  
  IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
  Additional Web Page: http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

o Agenda Bashing ............................................ 5 mins
  Chairs

o NEMO status and milestones ................................ 5 mins
  Chairs

o NEMO Basic Support ....................................... 15 mins
  Vijay Devarapalli ?

  draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
  http://people.nokia.net/vijayd/nemo/issues.html

  This slot will cover the following points:
  - draft update
  - issues solved since last IETF
  - remaining Issues
    

o NEMO Basic Support Additional Documents .................. 15 mins
  Pascal Thubert ?

  draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt

  The DT came to the conclusion that some clarifications about 
  the NEMO Basic Support specification need to be made in separate
  drafts:
  - usages
  - ???

o IPR Status.................................................15 mins
  TJ Kniveton

  IPRs concerns from CISCO have been raised since before last 
  57thIETF meeting in Wien. 
 
o Multihoming ...............................................15 mins
  draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-01.txt
  draft-charbon-nemo-multihoming-evaluation-01.txt

  This slot should address the following points:
  - what scenarios must be supported in NEMO Basic Support
  - what are multihoming issues in NEMO Basic Support
  - at 57th IETF Wien, the WG decided to add multihoming as a 
    WG document. However, we have not yet decided what specific 
    items this document should include.

o Threat Analysis Discussion ............................... 15 mins
  draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt
  draft-????

  This slot should address the following points:
  - what are the potential threats in NEMO Basic Support
  - how are we going to proceed with this WG item


o MIB....................................................... 10 mins

  We don't yet have any contribution on this WG item. How should we
  proceed ?

o Terminology and Requirements Updates.......................10 mins
  draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
  draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
  Thierry Ernst
  
o Conclusion and next steps.................................. 5 mins


  
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Internet Drafts Submitted to the NEMO WG
  All drafts available directly from http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
  or from the IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

o Must Read List for this meeting:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
  Network Mobility Support Terminology
  May 03

- draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
  Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
  May 03

- draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
  Nemo Basic Support Protocol
  Sept.03

- draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
  Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-directional Tunneling
  Oct.03

- draft-charbon-nemo-multihoming-evaluation-00.txt
  Evaluating Multi-homing Support in NEMO Basic Solution
  July 03
              
- draft-paik-nemo-multihoming-problem-00.txt>
  Multihomed Mobile Networks Problem Statements
  Oct. 03

- draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt
  Threat Analysis for NEMO
  Oct. 03

- draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt


o Other drafts advertised on the NEMO ML (not in today's agenda):
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


  - draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
    DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
    June 03

  - draft-hkang-nemo-ro-tlmr-00.txt
    Route Optimization for Mobile Network by Using Bi-directional 
    Between Home Agent and Top Level Mobile Router 
    June 03

  - draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
    ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network 
    Oct.03

  - draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-00.txt
    Laboratory and "Field" Experiments with IPv6 Mobile Networks
    in Vehicular Environments
    June 03     

  - draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-01.txt
    Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network  
    based on Prefix Delegation   
    Oct.03

  - draft-na-nemo-nested-path-info-00 
    Secure Nested Tunnels Optimization using Nested Path Information 
    Sept.03                                  
                  
  - draft-ohnishi-nemo-ro-hmip-00.txt
    HMIP based Route optimization method in a mobile network
    Oct.03

  - draft-paakkonen-nemo-prefix-delegation-00.txt
    Mobile Network Prefix Delegation extension for Mobile IPv6 
    March 03

  - draft-perera-nemo-extended-00.txt
    Extended Network Mobility Support  
    July 03                 

  - draft-thubert-nemo-ipv4-traversal-01.txt
    IPv4 traversal for MIPv6 based Mobile Routers
    May 03

  - draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-01.txt
    Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
    June 03

  - draft-thubert-nemo-reverse-routing-header-03
    IPv6 Reverse Routing Header and its application to Mobile Networks
    Oct. 03
  
  - draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
    Inter Home Agents Protocol (HAHA)
    Oct. 03

o Related drafts
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - draft-ohta-multihomed-isps-00.txt
  - draft-park-mobileip-wifi-handover-00.txt


The chairs.



--Multipart_Mon__27_Oct_2003_12:14:31_+0900_08299b40--




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Oct 26 22:30:21 2003
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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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CC: tj <tj@kniveton.com>, Ryuji Wakikawa <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Draft Agenda for 58th IETF
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can we have a short discussion on the Inter Home Agents
protocol?

I believe having a HAHA protocol enables a few scenarios
for Nemo Basic Support deployment which would otherwise be
not possible.

the draft is at 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt

Vijay

ps: Ryuji would present something if some time is alloted
for this.

Thierry Ernst wrote:
> Dear all,
> 
> Here follows a draft agenda for next meeting. We assume discussions
> will be raised on the ML prior to the meeting for all the agenda
> items so that our meeting is efficient.
> 
> The agenda lists a number of drafts attendees are assumed to have read
> prior to the meeting. For transparency and for the interest of the
> IETF participants, we also list all the other drafts submitted to the
> WG. If you have been submitted a draft to the NEMO WG that is not
> listed below, please let us know. However, if the draft does not
> attend to address one of the below listed issue, this will not grant a
> slot unless there is a significant discussion going on on the ML.
>  
> We will update the agenda based on your input.
> 
> Regards,
> Thierry.
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> 
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> # NEMO WG Draft Agenda
>   58th IETF, Nov.03
>   Chairs: Thierry Ernst T.J. Kniveton
>   
>   IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
>   Additional Web Page: http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 
> o Agenda Bashing ............................................ 5 mins
>   Chairs
> 
> o NEMO status and milestones ................................ 5 mins
>   Chairs
> 
> o NEMO Basic Support ....................................... 15 mins
>   Vijay Devarapalli ?
> 
>   draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
>   http://people.nokia.net/vijayd/nemo/issues.html
> 
>   This slot will cover the following points:
>   - draft update
>   - issues solved since last IETF
>   - remaining Issues
>     
> 
> o NEMO Basic Support Additional Documents .................. 15 mins
>   Pascal Thubert ?
> 
>   draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt
> 
>   The DT came to the conclusion that some clarifications about 
>   the NEMO Basic Support specification need to be made in separate
>   drafts:
>   - usages
>   - ???
> 
> o IPR Status.................................................15 mins
>   TJ Kniveton
> 
>   IPRs concerns from CISCO have been raised since before last 
>   57thIETF meeting in Wien. 
>  
> o Multihoming ...............................................15 mins
>   draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-01.txt
>   draft-charbon-nemo-multihoming-evaluation-01.txt
> 
>   This slot should address the following points:
>   - what scenarios must be supported in NEMO Basic Support
>   - what are multihoming issues in NEMO Basic Support
>   - at 57th IETF Wien, the WG decided to add multihoming as a 
>     WG document. However, we have not yet decided what specific 
>     items this document should include.
> 
> o Threat Analysis Discussion ............................... 15 mins
>   draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt
>   draft-????
> 
>   This slot should address the following points:
>   - what are the potential threats in NEMO Basic Support
>   - how are we going to proceed with this WG item
> 
> 
> o MIB....................................................... 10 mins
> 
>   We don't yet have any contribution on this WG item. How should we
>   proceed ?
> 
> o Terminology and Requirements Updates.......................10 mins
>   draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
>   draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
>   Thierry Ernst
>   
> o Conclusion and next steps.................................. 5 mins
> 
> 
>   
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> # Internet Drafts Submitted to the NEMO WG
>   All drafts available directly from http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
>   or from the IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 
> o Must Read List for this meeting:
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> - draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
>   Network Mobility Support Terminology
>   May 03
> 
> - draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
>   Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
>   May 03
> 
> - draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
>   Nemo Basic Support Protocol
>   Sept.03
> 
> - draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
>   Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-directional Tunneling
>   Oct.03
> 
> - draft-charbon-nemo-multihoming-evaluation-00.txt
>   Evaluating Multi-homing Support in NEMO Basic Solution
>   July 03
>               
> - draft-paik-nemo-multihoming-problem-00.txt>
>   Multihomed Mobile Networks Problem Statements
>   Oct. 03
> 
> - draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt
>   Threat Analysis for NEMO
>   Oct. 03
> 
> - draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt
> 
> 
> o Other drafts advertised on the NEMO ML (not in today's agenda):
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 
> 
>   - draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
>     DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
>     June 03
> 
>   - draft-hkang-nemo-ro-tlmr-00.txt
>     Route Optimization for Mobile Network by Using Bi-directional 
>     Between Home Agent and Top Level Mobile Router 
>     June 03
> 
>   - draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
>     ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network 
>     Oct.03
> 
>   - draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-00.txt
>     Laboratory and "Field" Experiments with IPv6 Mobile Networks
>     in Vehicular Environments
>     June 03     
> 
>   - draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-01.txt
>     Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network  
>     based on Prefix Delegation   
>     Oct.03
> 
>   - draft-na-nemo-nested-path-info-00 
>     Secure Nested Tunnels Optimization using Nested Path Information 
>     Sept.03                                  
>                   
>   - draft-ohnishi-nemo-ro-hmip-00.txt
>     HMIP based Route optimization method in a mobile network
>     Oct.03
> 
>   - draft-paakkonen-nemo-prefix-delegation-00.txt
>     Mobile Network Prefix Delegation extension for Mobile IPv6 
>     March 03
> 
>   - draft-perera-nemo-extended-00.txt
>     Extended Network Mobility Support  
>     July 03                 
> 
>   - draft-thubert-nemo-ipv4-traversal-01.txt
>     IPv4 traversal for MIPv6 based Mobile Routers
>     May 03
> 
>   - draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-01.txt
>     Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
>     June 03
> 
>   - draft-thubert-nemo-reverse-routing-header-03
>     IPv6 Reverse Routing Header and its application to Mobile Networks
>     Oct. 03
>   
>   - draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
>     Inter Home Agents Protocol (HAHA)
>     Oct. 03
> 
> o Related drafts
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>   - draft-ohta-multihomed-isps-00.txt
>   - draft-park-mobileip-wifi-handover-00.txt
> 
> 
> The chairs.
> 
> 




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From: Vijay Devarapalli <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>
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To: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
CC: tj <tj@kniveton.com>, Ryuji Wakikawa <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Draft Agenda for 58th IETF
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can we have a short discussion on the Inter Home Agents
protocol?

I believe having a HAHA protocol enables a few scenarios
for Nemo Basic Support deployment which would otherwise be
not possible.

the draft is at 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt

Vijay

ps: Ryuji would present something if some time is alloted
for this.

Thierry Ernst wrote:
> Dear all,
> 
> Here follows a draft agenda for next meeting. We assume discussions
> will be raised on the ML prior to the meeting for all the agenda
> items so that our meeting is efficient.
> 
> The agenda lists a number of drafts attendees are assumed to have read
> prior to the meeting. For transparency and for the interest of the
> IETF participants, we also list all the other drafts submitted to the
> WG. If you have been submitted a draft to the NEMO WG that is not
> listed below, please let us know. However, if the draft does not
> attend to address one of the below listed issue, this will not grant a
> slot unless there is a significant discussion going on on the ML.
>  
> We will update the agenda based on your input.
> 
> Regards,
> Thierry.
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> 
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> # NEMO WG Draft Agenda
>   58th IETF, Nov.03
>   Chairs: Thierry Ernst T.J. Kniveton
>   
>   IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
>   Additional Web Page: http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 
> o Agenda Bashing ............................................ 5 mins
>   Chairs
> 
> o NEMO status and milestones ................................ 5 mins
>   Chairs
> 
> o NEMO Basic Support ....................................... 15 mins
>   Vijay Devarapalli ?
> 
>   draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
>   http://people.nokia.net/vijayd/nemo/issues.html
> 
>   This slot will cover the following points:
>   - draft update
>   - issues solved since last IETF
>   - remaining Issues
>     
> 
> o NEMO Basic Support Additional Documents .................. 15 mins
>   Pascal Thubert ?
> 
>   draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt
> 
>   The DT came to the conclusion that some clarifications about 
>   the NEMO Basic Support specification need to be made in separate
>   drafts:
>   - usages
>   - ???
> 
> o IPR Status.................................................15 mins
>   TJ Kniveton
> 
>   IPRs concerns from CISCO have been raised since before last 
>   57thIETF meeting in Wien. 
>  
> o Multihoming ...............................................15 mins
>   draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-01.txt
>   draft-charbon-nemo-multihoming-evaluation-01.txt
> 
>   This slot should address the following points:
>   - what scenarios must be supported in NEMO Basic Support
>   - what are multihoming issues in NEMO Basic Support
>   - at 57th IETF Wien, the WG decided to add multihoming as a 
>     WG document. However, we have not yet decided what specific 
>     items this document should include.
> 
> o Threat Analysis Discussion ............................... 15 mins
>   draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt
>   draft-????
> 
>   This slot should address the following points:
>   - what are the potential threats in NEMO Basic Support
>   - how are we going to proceed with this WG item
> 
> 
> o MIB....................................................... 10 mins
> 
>   We don't yet have any contribution on this WG item. How should we
>   proceed ?
> 
> o Terminology and Requirements Updates.......................10 mins
>   draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
>   draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
>   Thierry Ernst
>   
> o Conclusion and next steps.................................. 5 mins
> 
> 
>   
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> # Internet Drafts Submitted to the NEMO WG
>   All drafts available directly from http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
>   or from the IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 
> o Must Read List for this meeting:
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> - draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt
>   Network Mobility Support Terminology
>   May 03
> 
> - draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt
>   Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
>   May 03
> 
> - draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-01.txt
>   Nemo Basic Support Protocol
>   Sept.03
> 
> - draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
>   Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-directional Tunneling
>   Oct.03
> 
> - draft-charbon-nemo-multihoming-evaluation-00.txt
>   Evaluating Multi-homing Support in NEMO Basic Solution
>   July 03
>               
> - draft-paik-nemo-multihoming-problem-00.txt>
>   Multihomed Mobile Networks Problem Statements
>   Oct. 03
> 
> - draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt
>   Threat Analysis for NEMO
>   Oct. 03
> 
> - draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-00.txt
> 
> 
> o Other drafts advertised on the NEMO ML (not in today's agenda):
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 
> 
>   - draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-00.txt
>     DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
>     June 03
> 
>   - draft-hkang-nemo-ro-tlmr-00.txt
>     Route Optimization for Mobile Network by Using Bi-directional 
>     Between Home Agent and Top Level Mobile Router 
>     June 03
> 
>   - draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-01.txt
>     ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network 
>     Oct.03
> 
>   - draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-00.txt
>     Laboratory and "Field" Experiments with IPv6 Mobile Networks
>     in Vehicular Environments
>     June 03     
> 
>   - draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-01.txt
>     Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network  
>     based on Prefix Delegation   
>     Oct.03
> 
>   - draft-na-nemo-nested-path-info-00 
>     Secure Nested Tunnels Optimization using Nested Path Information 
>     Sept.03                                  
>                   
>   - draft-ohnishi-nemo-ro-hmip-00.txt
>     HMIP based Route optimization method in a mobile network
>     Oct.03
> 
>   - draft-paakkonen-nemo-prefix-delegation-00.txt
>     Mobile Network Prefix Delegation extension for Mobile IPv6 
>     March 03
> 
>   - draft-perera-nemo-extended-00.txt
>     Extended Network Mobility Support  
>     July 03                 
> 
>   - draft-thubert-nemo-ipv4-traversal-01.txt
>     IPv4 traversal for MIPv6 based Mobile Routers
>     May 03
> 
>   - draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-01.txt
>     Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
>     June 03
> 
>   - draft-thubert-nemo-reverse-routing-header-03
>     IPv6 Reverse Routing Header and its application to Mobile Networks
>     Oct. 03
>   
>   - draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-00.txt
>     Inter Home Agents Protocol (HAHA)
>     Oct. 03
> 
> o Related drafts
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>   - draft-ohta-multihomed-isps-00.txt
>   - draft-park-mobileip-wifi-handover-00.txt
> 
> 
> The chairs.
> 
> 





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Oct 27 06:25:25 2003
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Hello, NEMO ML,

see the forwarded message for the new version of multihoming draft.
Please take a look at it, and in a very short while, I will post a seed
mail to gather comments and suggestions for moving forward.

Thanks

/rgds
/cwng


-----Forwarded Message-----
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2003 10:37:04 -0400

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
	Author(s)	: C. Ng, J. Charbon
	Filename	: draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
	Pages		: 32
	Date		: 2003-10-23
	
This document describes deployment scenario of multi-homed Network in
Motion (NEMO) and attempts to identify issues that arises when
supporting multi-homing in NEMO. It is also the objective of this
document to build a full taxonomy covering multi-homed scenarios in
NEMO, so as to facilitate explorations into this aspect of NEMO.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt

To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to 
ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the message.

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the username
"anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
type "cd internet-drafts" and then
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or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt


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Hello, NEMO ML,

see the forwarded message for the new version of multihoming draft.
Please take a look at it, and in a very short while, I will post a seed
mail to gather comments and suggestions for moving forward.

Thanks

/rgds
/cwng


-----Forwarded Message-----
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2003 10:37:04 -0400

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
	Author(s)	: C. Ng, J. Charbon
	Filename	: draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
	Pages		: 32
	Date		: 2003-10-23
	
This document describes deployment scenario of multi-homed Network in
Motion (NEMO) and attempts to identify issues that arises when
supporting multi-homing in NEMO. It is also the objective of this
document to build a full taxonomy covering multi-homed scenarios in
NEMO, so as to facilitate explorations into this aspect of NEMO.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Oct 27 09:56:25 2003
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Hello to NEMO WG,

We've just submitted a draft update on experiments with an IPv6 mobile
network attaching to HotSpot WLAN and Orange GPRS, for vehicular
environments. draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-01.txt
I attach the draft, and will put it on the website soon.

We would like to request a short slot at the meeting (5-7 minutes); in
case it is approved HYL might present.

Thanks in advance,

Alex
GBU


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Internet Draft                                            Hong-Yon Lach
draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-01.txt       Christophe Janneteau
Expires: April 2003                                    Alexis Olivereau  =
  =20
                                                     Alexandru Petrescu
                                                               Motorola
                                                        Tim Leinmueller
                                                        Michael M. Wolf
                                                        DaimlerChrysler
                                                            Markus Pilz
                                                     University of Bonn
                                                =20
                                                          October  2003
                                                  =20
=20
     Laboratory and "Field" Experiments with IPv6 Mobile Networks
                      in Vehicular Environments
            <draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-01.txt>
=20

Status of this Nemo=20
=20
   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance=20
   with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.=20
   =20
   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering=20
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that   =20
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.=20
   =20
   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six=20
   months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents
   at any time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as=20
   reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
   =20
   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at=20
        http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt=20
   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at=20
        http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.=20
   =20
Abstract=20

   This document gives a short high-level overview of experiments
   performed with IPv6 mobile networks using Mobile IPv6-based NEMO
   extensions in the context of the IST OverDRiVE project.  Laboratory
   experiments include simple and nested mobile networks in a pure
   IPv6 environment while "field" experiments demonstrated continuous
   IPv6 vehicular connectivity over two publicly deployed IPv4
   networks: 2.5G (GPRS) and Wireless LAN 802.11b deployed around and
   inside a metropolitan area.  Lessons learned included the necessity
   for Route Optimization protocols for mobile networks, NAT traversal
   and IPv4-to-IPv6 transition protocols in public access wireless
   networks.






Lach, et al.             Expires April 2003                    [Page 1]
=0C
Internet Draft           OverDRiVE Experiments             23 June 2003

Table of Contents=20
   =20
   Status of this Nemo................................................1
   Abstract...........................................................1
   Conventions Used in this Document..................................2
   1. IST OverDRiVE Project...........................................2
   2. Laboratory Experiments..........................................3
   3. "Field" Experiments.............................................6
   4. Conclusions and Future Work....................................10
   Acknowledgements..................................................10
   References........................................................11
   Authors' Addresses................................................12
   Changes...........................................................12
   Copyright Notice..................................................13
   =20
Conventions used in this document=20
   =20
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",=20
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in=20
   this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119 [1].=20
=20
1. IST OverDRiVE Project

  Work Package 3 of the European research project OverDRiVE [3] aims
  at developing IPv6 protocol mechanisms to support mobility of hosts,
  as well as of networks, that are deployed in vehicular
  environments. The scenarios envision that future vehicular
  environments in trains, ships or vehicles provide on-line
  information to the driver and passengers; provide even access to the
  vehicular communication components from the outside world
  (e.g. allow for software downloads be pushed to car computers). All
  electronic devices deployed in a vehicle (PCs, head screens, engine
  computers and sensors) are connected together with IPv6 protocols,
  and to the IPv6 Internet; the connection is realized either directly
  or through other IPv4 tunneling and gatewaying means.

  The project has defined a set of scenarios which should be supported
  by a mobility (and security) solution [8]. The following two major
  characteristics are valid for all scenarios:

    - Session continuity while changing the point of attachment to the
      Internet.

    - Reachability of the mobile nodes regardless of the current point
      of attachment.

  Thus, several functional scenarios become relevant:

    - Moving of an Intra-Vehicular Area Network (IVAN): the IVAN moves
      homogeneously (network entities stay together) using a mobile
      router to provide the Internet connectivity for nodes within the
      IVAN.

    - Moving into an IVAN with a mobile device. The mobile host moves
      into an IVAN and changes its WMAN connection to a WLAN
      connection, or its UMTS connection to a Bluetooth connection.

    - Moving within an IVAN: in a larger IVAN (e.g. in a train)
      topological hierarchies might be used, involving more than one
      fixed (with respect to IVAN) or mobile router. Mobile nodes can
      move around inside the IVAN connecting to the appropriate access
      router inside the IVAN.




Lach, et al.             Expires April 2003                    [Page 2]
=0C
Internet Draft           OverDRiVE Experiments             23 June 2003

2. Laboratory Experiments

  Several laboratory experiments in a pure IPv6 network were performed
  with mobile hosts and mobile networks.  In some scenarios, more than
  one Local Fixed Node and one Correspondent Node were used; for
  example, in some scenarios there is an additional Mobile Host, or
  there are two mobile networks each hosting a Local Fixed Node.
  During all experiments, the mobility management messaging (between
  MR and HA, or between MH and HA) was not interrupting the end-to-end
  communication between these entities, even if several changes in
  Care-of Address were occuring.  The end-to-end communications were
  happening between the LFN and the CN, or between two LFN's, or
  between one MH and one LFN, or between one MH and one CN.  The CN's
  used were local video streaming servers and other servers connected
  on other parts of the worldwide IPv6 Internet.

  A simple mobile network is composed of one Mobile Router and one
  Local Fixed Node, see Figure 1.  The mobile network is initially
  attached at home and moves subsequently to Access Router AR1 and
  AR2.

                                                ----  CN link       =20
                                             --| BR1|------         =20
     ----                                   /   ----     |          =20
    | HA |                                 /           ----=20
     ----                       ----------/           | CN |        =20
       |            -------    |          |            ----         =20
   ----------------| BR    |---| Network  |--------------                =
   =20
       | home link  -------    |          |              |           =20
     ----    -----              ----------\              |           =20
    | MR |  | LFN |                        \             |         =20
     ----    -----                          \            |
       |       |                         ------        ------
       ---------                        | AR1  |      | AR2  |          =20
     mobile net link                     ------        ------=20
                                            |             |  =20

                   Figure 1: Simple Mobile Network

  Figure 2 depicts another setting with one Mobile Router, one Mobile
  Host, same Home Agent.  In a first scenario, the mobile network
  starts at home and then moves under AR1 and AR2.  The Mobile Host
  stays at home.



Lach, et al.             Expires April 2003                    [Page 3]
=0C
Internet Draft           OverDRiVE Experiments             23 June 2003

  Related to the same figure, another scenario is that the mobile
  network and the mobile hosts are first placed at home and then the
  mobile host moves under the mobile network.  Subsequently the mobile
  network moves together with the mobile host under AR1 and AR2.

  And still with the same figure, yet another scenario; every entity
  is at home, then MH moves under AR1, then the mobile network moves
  too under AR1; then MH moves towards the mobile network and,
  finally, the mobile network moves to AR2.


                                                ----  CN link=20
                                             --| BR1|------  =20
     ----   ----                            /   ----     |   =20
    | HA | | MH |                          /           ----  =20
     ----   ----                ----------/           | CN | =20
       |      |     -------    |          |            ----  =20
   ----------------| BR    |---| Network  |--------------    =20
       | home link  -------    |          |              |   =20
     ----    -----              ----------\              |   =20
    | MR |  | LFN |                        \             |   =20
     ----    -----                          \            |   =20
       |       |                         ------        ------=20
       ---------                        | AR1  |      | AR2  |
     mobile net link                     ------        ------=20
                                            |             |  =20

           Figure 2: Mobile Router and Mobile Host at Home

  Figure 3 shows a setting where the mobile router and the mobile host
  have different Home Agents.  Various movements were performed.
                                              ----
                                           --| CN |
   ----                                   /   ----        ----   ----  =20
  | HA1|                                 /               | HA2| | MH | =20
   ----                       ----------/                 ----   ----
     |            -------    |          |      -------      |      |  =20
 ----------------| BR    |---| Network  |-----| BR    |--------------
     | home link  -------    |          |      -------   =20
   ----    -----              ----------\        =20
  | MR |  | LFN |                        \   =20
   ----    -----                          \  =20
     |       |                         ------=20
     ---------                        | AR1  |
   mobile net link                     ------=20
                                            | =20

    Figure 3: Mobile Network and Mobile Host with Different Homes


  In figure 4, the Mobile Host and the Mobile Router have two
  different Home Agents, both situated on the same home link.  Various
  movements were performed.



Lach, et al.             Expires April 2003                    [Page 4]
=0C
Internet Draft           OverDRiVE Experiments             23 June 2003

                                                  ----  CN link =20
                                               --| BR1|------   =20
   ----   ----   ----                         /   ----     |    =20
  | HA1| | HA2| | MH |                       /           ----   =20
   ----   ----   ----             ----------/           | CN |  =20
    |      |      |   -------    |          |            ----   =20
  -------------------| BR    |---| Network  |--------------     =20
         | home link  -------    |          |              |    =20
       ----    -----              ----------\              |    =20
      | MR |  | LFN |                        \             |    =20
       ----    -----                          \            |    =20
         |       |                         ------        ------ =20
         ---------                        | AR1  |      | AR2  |=20
       mobile net link                     ------        ------ =20
                                              |             |   =20
             Figure 4: Home Agents on the Same Home Link

  In figure 5, one Home Agent is placed in the mobile network.
  Various movements were performed.

                                                ----  CN link=20
                                             --| BR1|------  =20
     ----                                   /   ----     |   =20
    | HA1|                                 /           ----  =20
     ----                       ----------/           | CN | =20
       |            -------    |          |            ----  =20
   ----------------| BR    |---| Network  |--------------    =20
       | home link  -------    |          |              |   =20
     ----    -----              ----------\              |   =20
    | MR |  | LFN |                        \             |   =20
     ----    -----                          \            |   =20
       |       |                         ------        ------=20
       ---------                        | AR1  |      | AR2  |
       |       |                         ------        ------=20
      ----   ----                           |             |  =20
     | HA2| | MH |
      ----   ----=20

              Figure 5: Home Agent in the Mobile Network

  An additional range of laboratory experiments were performed and
  reported in section 2.4 of [8].  Examples include:

    -a single Home Agent and two similar mobile networks, each
     composed of one Mobile Router and one Local Fixed Node.

    -two Home Agents and two Mobile Routers (one Home Agent for one
     mobile network), but still one home link.

    -two Home Agents and two Mobile Routers (one Home Agent for one
     mobile network), but on different home links.

    -a Home Agent placed inside a mobile network serving another
     mobile network attached to the first.


Lach, et al.             Expires April 2003                    [Page 5]
=0C
Internet Draft           OverDRiVE Experiments             23 June 2003

   The descriptions in section 2.4 of [8] include details of tunnel
   setup procedures and illustrations of MN-HA encapsulations, as well
   as packet paths between various entities.  The laboratory
   experiments helped highlighting several areas for protocol
   improvement of the basic support of network mobility:

     -Excessive tunnelling ("thick" tunnels): when MH attaches to the
      mobile network there are two MRHA encapsulating tunnels involved
      in the CN-MH path. Several levels of mobile networks induce
      excessive tunnelling that can lead to serious packet loss and
      worsen stack behaviour due to excessive
      fragmentation/reassembly. This is especially true in wireless
      environments.

     -Crossover tunnels happen when the path between one tunnel's
      endpoints includes only one of the other tunnel's endpoints . A
      situation leading to crossover tunnels is depicted in Figure 16
      of [8], where a HA is deployed inside a mobile network. The
      initial configuration is in diagram a and diagrams b, c and d
      represent snapshots of the movement scenario.  The MR2HA2 tunnel
      setup procedure corresponding for the diagram d is practically
      impossible to perform.

     -Externally influenced intra-aggregation communication (or
      disconnected operation problem): in the MH and MR with same HA
      case, depicted in diagram c of Figure 12 of [8], the LFN-MH
      communication (intra-aggregation) is influenced by the
      communication between MR and AR1 (external).  If MR looses
      connection to AR1, then LFN looses connection to MH, a fact
      that, as paradoxical as it may seem, is a veritable side effect
      of tunnelling itself.

     -Under-optimal paths: when comparing the length of the CN-MH
      communication path depicted in top-left diagram of Figure 13 of
      [8] to the CN-MH communication in Figure 15 of [8], it is clear
      that the path taken by packets is much longer than the
      optimal. The first diagram can be considered as an ideal to be
      attained, and the only optimal path that can be achieved is
      CN-AR-MR-MH (eliminating the BR-HA-BR additional segment). This
      is not the ideal path (since MH is not physically home) but
      represents an achievable goal, if employing Route Optimization
      techniques.

     -Asymmetric communication paths: outgoing communication paths
      have different lengths than incoming communication paths,
      between the same two entities. See example in Figure 14 of [8].

3. "Field" Experiments

  "Field" experiments were performed in a typical deployment of
  wireless networks.  An overall picture of the experiments is
  described in Figure xx.  Three wireless access networks are
  depicted: the home network (hosting the Home Agent), the Orange
  network (an European Telecom operator for mobile phones) and the
  Wixos network (a WiFi HotSpot network deployed in a large city).

Lach, et al.             Expires April 2003                    [Page 6]
=0C
Internet Draft           OverDRiVE Experiments             23 June 2003

  The three networks are inter-connected at Internet level.  The
  Mobile Network, pictured at the bottom, was obtaining Internet
  access via one of the three Wireless Access Networks.

                       ------------             -----------
                      |  Internet  |-----------| Web Server|
                      /------------\            -----------
                     /       |      \
                    /        |       \
                   /         |        \
             --------     --------   -------
            |Home Net|	 | Orange | | Wixos |
             -------- 	  --------   -------
                |            |           |
                     Wireless Access


            WLAN    GPRS
              |      |
             ----------
	    |Mobile Net|  ---------->
	     ----------

	   Figure xx: Overall Picture of Field Experiments

3.2 Mobile Network

  The mobile network used in the field experiments is a very simple
  wireless segment (802.11b in ad-hoc mode) linking together an IPv6
  Mobile Router and a Local Fixed Node running user applications
  (notably an http client).  In addition, the mobile network contained
  two boxes helping interconnect the MR to the wireless access
  networks (FrontBoxes).  Inside the mobile network, IPv6 protocols
  are used exclusively; the Mobile Router runs an implementation of
  Mobile IPv6 Mobile Router in implicit mode [2].  However, both Orange
  and Wixos offer IPv4 access exclusively.  FrontBoxes help solve this
  problem.

  Front boxes are entities connected to the Mobile Router that help
  differentiate between mobility management tasks and particular link
  layer/tunnelling functionalities. The GPRS Front Box establishes a
  GPRS connection (i.e. establishes a PPPv4 connection, through a PDP
  Context to the GPRS SGSN), configures an IPv4 interface and
  establishes a UDP tunnel through a NAT box to the home IPv6 network,
  all over its egress interface.  The ingress interface of the
  FrontBox is assigned an IPv6 address and prefix (deduced from the
  IPv6 prefixes of the home network); the FrontBox sends IPv6 Router
  Advertisements over its ingress interface towards the Mobile Router.
  Tunnelling IPv4 packets into UDP IPv4 streams in order to traverse
  NAT is proposed in [12].  In these experiments, IPv6 packets were
  tunneled instead.

  Similarly, the Wireless LAN Front Box offers native IPv6
  connectivity towards the Mobile Router, when the mobile network
  attaches to the Wixos WiFi HotSpot network.

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3.3 Home Network

  The home network is connected to both IPv4 and IPv6 Internets.  It
  hosts an IPv6 Home Agent, a 6to4 Gateway and a Udptun Gateway.  The
  Home Agent runs Mobile IPv6 with NEMO implicit mode [2].  The Udptun
  Gateway constitutes the UDPv4 tunnel endpoint for both the GPRS and
  WLAN FrontBoxes.

  In addition, the home network offers two WLAN access points towards
  the mobile network.  One of the AP's is connected to the home link
  (where HA resides); the other AP is attached to another link of the
  home network.  Both AP's offer native IPv6 connectivity towards the
  Mobile Router; when the MR connects to the home network AP's, it
  does by bypassing the FrontBoxes.

3.4 Orange Wireless Access (GPRS)

  The GPRS access system offer IPv4 access with a private addressing
  scheme.  It distributes private non-routable addresses (10.x.y.z)
  over a PPP connection, addresses being assigned by DHCP servers.
  This network is connected to the Internet with NAT boxes.

3.5 Wixos Wireless Access (WLAN)

  Wixos is an 802.11b Metropolitan Area Network.  During June 2003,
  the Wixos network was available for public experimentation.  For
  more information about the Wixos network see [6].  Disclaimer: none
  of the participants in the IST OverDRiVE project are affiliated, or
  represent, in any legal or other way the Wixos Network.  The Wixos
  network was used as a public access network.

  The network offers IPv4 access in several "hotspot" areas.  Most of
  the hotspots are not overlapping (in terms of wireless coverage).
  The IPv4 network offers private non-routable IPv4 addresses.  The
  network was not using, at the time of testing, any form of Mobile
  IPv4; an address acquired in one WiFi hotspot is not valid under
  another WiFi hotspot of the same Wixos network.

3.6 Scenarios and Results

  In one scenario, the mobile network was first connected to the home
  network outside the metropolitan area, then moved onto the highway,
  then entered a metropolitan area hotspot, then went out of the
  hotspot and entered again another hotspot.  During all this
  trajectory, a continuous IPv6 connection was maintained between the
  Local Fixed Node and a Correspondent Node (web server kame.net,
  placed in Japan) connected on the IPv6 Internet.

  In another scenario, the Local Fixed Node running exclusively IPv6
  protocols, browsed an IPv4 web server.  This could be accomplished
  by configuring a "proxy" server on the LFN client.  The proxy server
  is connected to both the IPv6 and IPv4 Internets; it is physically
  placed at University of Bonn.  The proxy server converts http IPv6
  requests into IPv4 requests, forwards the request to the IPv4
  Internet, and forwards the received IPv4 reply back to the IPv6
  client of the LFN.
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  The first mobility scenario (mentioned above) involved a dynamic
  change of IP addresses (both v4 and v6) to the Mobile Router.
  However, the IPv6 address of the LFN was not changing and, as such,
  the applications running on the LFN were not interrupted.  Hiding
  the change of IP address was performed at two levels of different
  granularity.  The dynamics of address assignment to the Mobile
  Router and FrontBoxes is depicted in figure xx.


  AP1     AP2     BS1     BS2    shadow    BS3     AP3     BS4     AP4

   \______/        \_______|_______/        |       |       |       |
    No ad                 ad1              ad2     ad3     ad4     ad5
  =20
   |       |       \_______|_______________/        |       |       |
  AD1     AD2                    AD3               AD4     AD3     AD4

       Figure xx: Dynamics of IPv4 and IPv6 Address Assignment

  The first line in figure xx depicts the sequence of WLAN Access
  Points and GPRS Base Stations to which the Mobile Router and
  FrontBoxes attach.  AP1 and AP2 are both in the home network (AP1
  connects HA).  BS1 and BS2 are deployed along the highway segment,
  and the "shadow" area depicts an uncovered segment along the highway
  (a tunnel).  BS3 is deployed at junction zone between highway and
  city.  AP3 and AP4 are the hotspot areas, separated by BS4.

  Dynamics of IPv4 address change show a high level of granularity
  (fine-grained).  The IPv4 addresses distributed either by GPRS or by
  WLAN are pictured on the second line, lower case.  When the mobile
  network connects to the home network, no IPv4 address is assigned.
  Under BS1 and BS2, the mobile network is assigned IPv4 address ad1.
  Switching between these two BS's does not incur a change in the IPv4
  address, ad1 is kept.  Due to the presence of the shadow area (the
  uncovered tunnel), the mobile network will be assigned a new IPv4
  address (ad2) under BS3.  Even though GPRS ensures the same IPv4
  address assigned to a mobile, there exists no mechanism to assign
  the same IPv4 address to the same mobile following a short
  disconnection.

  Dynamics of IPv6 address change show a lower level of granularity
  (coarse-grained).  Assignment of IPv6 addresses to the Mobile Router
  (the Care-of Addresses) is pictured on the bottom line.  At home,
  IPv6 addresses AD1 and and AD2 are assigned to the Mobile Router,
  AD1 being the Home Address.  Whenever the GPRS FrontBox is conneted
  to a BS, AD3 is assigned to the Mobile Router (BS1-4).  Whenever the
  WLAN FrontBox is connected to an AP (AP3-4), AD4 is assigned to MR.

  Less change in the IPv6 address of the MR reduces the number of
  binding information exchanges with the Home Agent.  For example,
  when there is a change ad1-ad2, the corresponding address AD3
  Care-of Address is stable, no need to inform the Home Agent.

  During the experimentation, the dynamics of encapsulation (v6-in-v6
  and v6-in-v4) was also observed.  For further information and
  lessons learned, see [10].
Lach, et al.             Expires April 2003                    [Page 9]
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4. Conclusions and Future Work

  This report described laboratory and field experiments with an IPv6
  mobile network.  A wide range of laboratory experiments showed the
  viability of NEMO-based network mobility protocols to support
  scenarios with simple mobile networks, nested mobile networks, and
  mobile HA's.  At the same time, the experiments helped proving the
  analytical expectations (such as excessive encapsulations) and also
  raised new problems (such as crossover tunneling).  Solving these
  problems involves developping new protocols for Route Optimization
  for mobile networks.

  Field experiments involved accessing two publicly-deployed wireless
  access systems (GPRS and WLAN) and showed the need for NAT traversal
  and IPv6 transition mechanisms.  These mechanisms were separated
  from Mobile IPv6 mobility management by means of FrontBoxes.

  Delivering multicast traffic to hosts inside the mobile network is
  an important work item identified within the project.  Several
  schemes are currently being considered (home and remote
  subscriptions).

  A DVB-T FrontBox would allow the Mobile Router to receive high-speed
  (broadband) Internet flows (larger bandwidths than with GPRS or
  WLAN).  Developing a DVB-T FrontBox is one of the potential future
  work items.

Acknowledgements

  This work has been performed in the framework of the IST project
  IST-2001-35125 OverDRiVE (Spectrum Efficient Uni- and Multicast Over
  Dynamic Radio Networks in Vehicular Environments), which is partly
  funded by the European Union. The OverDRiVE consortium consists of
  Motorola, DaimlerChrysler, France Telecom, Ericsson and
  Radiotelevisione Italiana as well as Rheinisch-Westf=E4lische
  Technische Hochschule RWTH Aachen, Universit=E4t Bonn and the
  University of Surrey. The authors acknowledge the contributions of
  their colleagues in the OverDRiVE consortium.
















o

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References

  [1] S. Bradner. Key Words for Use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
      Levels. RFC 2119, BCP 0014, IETF.  March 1997.

  [2] V. Devarapalli, R. Wakikawa, A. Petrescu and P. Thubert. Nemo
      Basic Support Protocol (work in progress). Internet Draft,
      IETF. draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-00.txt.  June 2003.

  [3] IST OverDRiVE project on the World Wide Web:
      http://www.ist-overdrive.org, accessed June 23rd 2003.

  [4] T. Ernst and H.-Y. Lach. Network Mobility Support Terminology
      (work in progress). Internet Draft, IETF.
      draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt. May 2003.

  [5] D. Johnson, C. Perkins and J. Arkko. Mobility Support in IPv6
      (work in progress). Internet Draft, IETF.
      draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-22.txt. May 2003.

  [6] Wixos Wireless LAN Network on the World Wide Web:
      http://www.wixos.net, Accessed June 22nd 2003.

  [7] C. Janneteau, ed., "Scenarios, Services and Requirements",
      OverDRiVE Deliverable D03, September 2002.

  [8] M. Ronai, ed., "Concept of Mobile Router and Dynamic IVAN
      Management", OverDRiVE Deliverable D07, March 2003.

  [9] A. Petrescu, ed., "Issues in Designing Mobile IPv6 Network
      Mobility with the MR-HA Bi-directional Tunnel (MRHA),
      draft-petrescu-nemo-mrha-03.txt, (Work in Progress), October
      2003.

  [10] A. Petrescu and H.-Y. Lach, "MR-HA Bidirectional Tunnelling for
       Network Mobility", Motorola Labs internal tech report, October
       2003.

  [11] H.-Y. Lach, C. Janneteau and A. Petrescu, "Network Mobility in
       Beyond-3G Systems", IEEE Communications Magazine, July 2003.

  [12] H. Levkowetz, S. Vaarala, "Mobile IP Traversal of Network Address
       Translation (NAT) Devices", RFC 3519, Proposed Standard,
       IETF.  May 2003.












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Authors' Addresses=20
   =20
  Hong-Yon Lach                      Christophe Janneteau              =20
  Motorola Labs                      Motorola Labs                     =20
  Parc les Algorithmes St Aubin      Parc les Algorithmes St Aubin  =20
  Gif-sur-Yvette 91193               Gif-sur-Yvette 91193              =20
  France                             France                            =20
  Phone:  +33 1 69352536             Phone:  +33 1 69352548            =20
  Hong-Yon.Lach@motorola.com         Christophe.Janneteau@motorola.com =20

  Alexis Olivereau                   Alexandru Petrescu              =20
  Motorola Labs                      Motorola Labs                   =20
  Parc les Algorithmes St Aubin      Parc les Algorithmes St Aubin  =20
  Gif-sur-Yvette 91193               Gif-sur-Yvette 91193            =20
  France                             France                          =20
  Phone:  +33 1 69352516             Phone:  +33 1 69354827          =20
  Alexis@motorola.com                Alexandru.Petrescu@motorola.com =20

  Tim Leinmueller                    Michael M. Wolf                  =20
  DaimlerChrysler AG   	       	     DaimlerChrysler AG   	      =20
  Research Telematics and E-Business Research Telematics and E-Business
  Communication Systems (RIC/TC)     Communication Systems (RIC/TC)   =20
  HPC: U800			     HPC: U800			      =20
  P.O. Box 2360		       	     P.O. Box 2360		      =20
  89013 Ulm / Germany	       	     89013 Ulm / Germany	      =20
  Phone: +49 731 505 2379   	     Phone: +49 731 505 2379   	      =20
  Tim.Leinmueller@daimlerchrysler.comMichael.M.Wolf@daimlerchrysler.com

  Markus Pilz      =20
  University of Bonn
  pilz@cs.uni-bonn.de

Changes

  From version 00 to 01:
  -improved presentation.
  -added conclusive remarks of laboratory experiments.
  -enhanced the section of field experiments.
  -improved the conclusions section.
  -changed addresses and affiliations of some authors.
















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Hello to NEMO WG,

We've just submitted a draft update on experiments with an IPv6 mobile
network attaching to HotSpot WLAN and Orange GPRS, for vehicular
environments. draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-01.txt
I attach the draft, and will put it on the website soon.

We would like to request a short slot at the meeting (5-7 minutes); in
case it is approved HYL might present.

Thanks in advance,

Alex
GBU


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Internet Draft                                            Hong-Yon Lach
draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-01.txt       Christophe Janneteau
Expires: April 2003                                    Alexis Olivereau  =
  =20
                                                     Alexandru Petrescu
                                                               Motorola
                                                        Tim Leinmueller
                                                        Michael M. Wolf
                                                        DaimlerChrysler
                                                            Markus Pilz
                                                     University of Bonn
                                                =20
                                                          October  2003
                                                  =20
=20
     Laboratory and "Field" Experiments with IPv6 Mobile Networks
                      in Vehicular Environments
            <draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-01.txt>
=20

Status of this Nemo=20
=20
   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance=20
   with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.=20
   =20
   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering=20
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that   =20
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.=20
   =20
   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six=20
   months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents
   at any time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as=20
   reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
   =20
   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at=20
        http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt=20
   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at=20
        http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.=20
   =20
Abstract=20

   This document gives a short high-level overview of experiments
   performed with IPv6 mobile networks using Mobile IPv6-based NEMO
   extensions in the context of the IST OverDRiVE project.  Laboratory
   experiments include simple and nested mobile networks in a pure
   IPv6 environment while "field" experiments demonstrated continuous
   IPv6 vehicular connectivity over two publicly deployed IPv4
   networks: 2.5G (GPRS) and Wireless LAN 802.11b deployed around and
   inside a metropolitan area.  Lessons learned included the necessity
   for Route Optimization protocols for mobile networks, NAT traversal
   and IPv4-to-IPv6 transition protocols in public access wireless
   networks.






Lach, et al.             Expires April 2003                    [Page 1]
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Table of Contents=20
   =20
   Status of this Nemo................................................1
   Abstract...........................................................1
   Conventions Used in this Document..................................2
   1. IST OverDRiVE Project...........................................2
   2. Laboratory Experiments..........................................3
   3. "Field" Experiments.............................................6
   4. Conclusions and Future Work....................................10
   Acknowledgements..................................................10
   References........................................................11
   Authors' Addresses................................................12
   Changes...........................................................12
   Copyright Notice..................................................13
   =20
Conventions used in this document=20
   =20
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",=20
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in=20
   this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119 [1].=20
=20
1. IST OverDRiVE Project

  Work Package 3 of the European research project OverDRiVE [3] aims
  at developing IPv6 protocol mechanisms to support mobility of hosts,
  as well as of networks, that are deployed in vehicular
  environments. The scenarios envision that future vehicular
  environments in trains, ships or vehicles provide on-line
  information to the driver and passengers; provide even access to the
  vehicular communication components from the outside world
  (e.g. allow for software downloads be pushed to car computers). All
  electronic devices deployed in a vehicle (PCs, head screens, engine
  computers and sensors) are connected together with IPv6 protocols,
  and to the IPv6 Internet; the connection is realized either directly
  or through other IPv4 tunneling and gatewaying means.

  The project has defined a set of scenarios which should be supported
  by a mobility (and security) solution [8]. The following two major
  characteristics are valid for all scenarios:

    - Session continuity while changing the point of attachment to the
      Internet.

    - Reachability of the mobile nodes regardless of the current point
      of attachment.

  Thus, several functional scenarios become relevant:

    - Moving of an Intra-Vehicular Area Network (IVAN): the IVAN moves
      homogeneously (network entities stay together) using a mobile
      router to provide the Internet connectivity for nodes within the
      IVAN.

    - Moving into an IVAN with a mobile device. The mobile host moves
      into an IVAN and changes its WMAN connection to a WLAN
      connection, or its UMTS connection to a Bluetooth connection.

    - Moving within an IVAN: in a larger IVAN (e.g. in a train)
      topological hierarchies might be used, involving more than one
      fixed (with respect to IVAN) or mobile router. Mobile nodes can
      move around inside the IVAN connecting to the appropriate access
      router inside the IVAN.




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2. Laboratory Experiments

  Several laboratory experiments in a pure IPv6 network were performed
  with mobile hosts and mobile networks.  In some scenarios, more than
  one Local Fixed Node and one Correspondent Node were used; for
  example, in some scenarios there is an additional Mobile Host, or
  there are two mobile networks each hosting a Local Fixed Node.
  During all experiments, the mobility management messaging (between
  MR and HA, or between MH and HA) was not interrupting the end-to-end
  communication between these entities, even if several changes in
  Care-of Address were occuring.  The end-to-end communications were
  happening between the LFN and the CN, or between two LFN's, or
  between one MH and one LFN, or between one MH and one CN.  The CN's
  used were local video streaming servers and other servers connected
  on other parts of the worldwide IPv6 Internet.

  A simple mobile network is composed of one Mobile Router and one
  Local Fixed Node, see Figure 1.  The mobile network is initially
  attached at home and moves subsequently to Access Router AR1 and
  AR2.

                                                ----  CN link       =20
                                             --| BR1|------         =20
     ----                                   /   ----     |          =20
    | HA |                                 /           ----=20
     ----                       ----------/           | CN |        =20
       |            -------    |          |            ----         =20
   ----------------| BR    |---| Network  |--------------                =
   =20
       | home link  -------    |          |              |           =20
     ----    -----              ----------\              |           =20
    | MR |  | LFN |                        \             |         =20
     ----    -----                          \            |
       |       |                         ------        ------
       ---------                        | AR1  |      | AR2  |          =20
     mobile net link                     ------        ------=20
                                            |             |  =20

                   Figure 1: Simple Mobile Network

  Figure 2 depicts another setting with one Mobile Router, one Mobile
  Host, same Home Agent.  In a first scenario, the mobile network
  starts at home and then moves under AR1 and AR2.  The Mobile Host
  stays at home.



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  Related to the same figure, another scenario is that the mobile
  network and the mobile hosts are first placed at home and then the
  mobile host moves under the mobile network.  Subsequently the mobile
  network moves together with the mobile host under AR1 and AR2.

  And still with the same figure, yet another scenario; every entity
  is at home, then MH moves under AR1, then the mobile network moves
  too under AR1; then MH moves towards the mobile network and,
  finally, the mobile network moves to AR2.


                                                ----  CN link=20
                                             --| BR1|------  =20
     ----   ----                            /   ----     |   =20
    | HA | | MH |                          /           ----  =20
     ----   ----                ----------/           | CN | =20
       |      |     -------    |          |            ----  =20
   ----------------| BR    |---| Network  |--------------    =20
       | home link  -------    |          |              |   =20
     ----    -----              ----------\              |   =20
    | MR |  | LFN |                        \             |   =20
     ----    -----                          \            |   =20
       |       |                         ------        ------=20
       ---------                        | AR1  |      | AR2  |
     mobile net link                     ------        ------=20
                                            |             |  =20

           Figure 2: Mobile Router and Mobile Host at Home

  Figure 3 shows a setting where the mobile router and the mobile host
  have different Home Agents.  Various movements were performed.
                                              ----
                                           --| CN |
   ----                                   /   ----        ----   ----  =20
  | HA1|                                 /               | HA2| | MH | =20
   ----                       ----------/                 ----   ----
     |            -------    |          |      -------      |      |  =20
 ----------------| BR    |---| Network  |-----| BR    |--------------
     | home link  -------    |          |      -------   =20
   ----    -----              ----------\        =20
  | MR |  | LFN |                        \   =20
   ----    -----                          \  =20
     |       |                         ------=20
     ---------                        | AR1  |
   mobile net link                     ------=20
                                            | =20

    Figure 3: Mobile Network and Mobile Host with Different Homes


  In figure 4, the Mobile Host and the Mobile Router have two
  different Home Agents, both situated on the same home link.  Various
  movements were performed.



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                                                  ----  CN link =20
                                               --| BR1|------   =20
   ----   ----   ----                         /   ----     |    =20
  | HA1| | HA2| | MH |                       /           ----   =20
   ----   ----   ----             ----------/           | CN |  =20
    |      |      |   -------    |          |            ----   =20
  -------------------| BR    |---| Network  |--------------     =20
         | home link  -------    |          |              |    =20
       ----    -----              ----------\              |    =20
      | MR |  | LFN |                        \             |    =20
       ----    -----                          \            |    =20
         |       |                         ------        ------ =20
         ---------                        | AR1  |      | AR2  |=20
       mobile net link                     ------        ------ =20
                                              |             |   =20
             Figure 4: Home Agents on the Same Home Link

  In figure 5, one Home Agent is placed in the mobile network.
  Various movements were performed.

                                                ----  CN link=20
                                             --| BR1|------  =20
     ----                                   /   ----     |   =20
    | HA1|                                 /           ----  =20
     ----                       ----------/           | CN | =20
       |            -------    |          |            ----  =20
   ----------------| BR    |---| Network  |--------------    =20
       | home link  -------    |          |              |   =20
     ----    -----              ----------\              |   =20
    | MR |  | LFN |                        \             |   =20
     ----    -----                          \            |   =20
       |       |                         ------        ------=20
       ---------                        | AR1  |      | AR2  |
       |       |                         ------        ------=20
      ----   ----                           |             |  =20
     | HA2| | MH |
      ----   ----=20

              Figure 5: Home Agent in the Mobile Network

  An additional range of laboratory experiments were performed and
  reported in section 2.4 of [8].  Examples include:

    -a single Home Agent and two similar mobile networks, each
     composed of one Mobile Router and one Local Fixed Node.

    -two Home Agents and two Mobile Routers (one Home Agent for one
     mobile network), but still one home link.

    -two Home Agents and two Mobile Routers (one Home Agent for one
     mobile network), but on different home links.

    -a Home Agent placed inside a mobile network serving another
     mobile network attached to the first.


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   The descriptions in section 2.4 of [8] include details of tunnel
   setup procedures and illustrations of MN-HA encapsulations, as well
   as packet paths between various entities.  The laboratory
   experiments helped highlighting several areas for protocol
   improvement of the basic support of network mobility:

     -Excessive tunnelling ("thick" tunnels): when MH attaches to the
      mobile network there are two MRHA encapsulating tunnels involved
      in the CN-MH path. Several levels of mobile networks induce
      excessive tunnelling that can lead to serious packet loss and
      worsen stack behaviour due to excessive
      fragmentation/reassembly. This is especially true in wireless
      environments.

     -Crossover tunnels happen when the path between one tunnel's
      endpoints includes only one of the other tunnel's endpoints . A
      situation leading to crossover tunnels is depicted in Figure 16
      of [8], where a HA is deployed inside a mobile network. The
      initial configuration is in diagram a and diagrams b, c and d
      represent snapshots of the movement scenario.  The MR2HA2 tunnel
      setup procedure corresponding for the diagram d is practically
      impossible to perform.

     -Externally influenced intra-aggregation communication (or
      disconnected operation problem): in the MH and MR with same HA
      case, depicted in diagram c of Figure 12 of [8], the LFN-MH
      communication (intra-aggregation) is influenced by the
      communication between MR and AR1 (external).  If MR looses
      connection to AR1, then LFN looses connection to MH, a fact
      that, as paradoxical as it may seem, is a veritable side effect
      of tunnelling itself.

     -Under-optimal paths: when comparing the length of the CN-MH
      communication path depicted in top-left diagram of Figure 13 of
      [8] to the CN-MH communication in Figure 15 of [8], it is clear
      that the path taken by packets is much longer than the
      optimal. The first diagram can be considered as an ideal to be
      attained, and the only optimal path that can be achieved is
      CN-AR-MR-MH (eliminating the BR-HA-BR additional segment). This
      is not the ideal path (since MH is not physically home) but
      represents an achievable goal, if employing Route Optimization
      techniques.

     -Asymmetric communication paths: outgoing communication paths
      have different lengths than incoming communication paths,
      between the same two entities. See example in Figure 14 of [8].

3. "Field" Experiments

  "Field" experiments were performed in a typical deployment of
  wireless networks.  An overall picture of the experiments is
  described in Figure xx.  Three wireless access networks are
  depicted: the home network (hosting the Home Agent), the Orange
  network (an European Telecom operator for mobile phones) and the
  Wixos network (a WiFi HotSpot network deployed in a large city).

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  The three networks are inter-connected at Internet level.  The
  Mobile Network, pictured at the bottom, was obtaining Internet
  access via one of the three Wireless Access Networks.

                       ------------             -----------
                      |  Internet  |-----------| Web Server|
                      /------------\            -----------
                     /       |      \
                    /        |       \
                   /         |        \
             --------     --------   -------
            |Home Net|	 | Orange | | Wixos |
             -------- 	  --------   -------
                |            |           |
                     Wireless Access


            WLAN    GPRS
              |      |
             ----------
	    |Mobile Net|  ---------->
	     ----------

	   Figure xx: Overall Picture of Field Experiments

3.2 Mobile Network

  The mobile network used in the field experiments is a very simple
  wireless segment (802.11b in ad-hoc mode) linking together an IPv6
  Mobile Router and a Local Fixed Node running user applications
  (notably an http client).  In addition, the mobile network contained
  two boxes helping interconnect the MR to the wireless access
  networks (FrontBoxes).  Inside the mobile network, IPv6 protocols
  are used exclusively; the Mobile Router runs an implementation of
  Mobile IPv6 Mobile Router in implicit mode [2].  However, both Orange
  and Wixos offer IPv4 access exclusively.  FrontBoxes help solve this
  problem.

  Front boxes are entities connected to the Mobile Router that help
  differentiate between mobility management tasks and particular link
  layer/tunnelling functionalities. The GPRS Front Box establishes a
  GPRS connection (i.e. establishes a PPPv4 connection, through a PDP
  Context to the GPRS SGSN), configures an IPv4 interface and
  establishes a UDP tunnel through a NAT box to the home IPv6 network,
  all over its egress interface.  The ingress interface of the
  FrontBox is assigned an IPv6 address and prefix (deduced from the
  IPv6 prefixes of the home network); the FrontBox sends IPv6 Router
  Advertisements over its ingress interface towards the Mobile Router.
  Tunnelling IPv4 packets into UDP IPv4 streams in order to traverse
  NAT is proposed in [12].  In these experiments, IPv6 packets were
  tunneled instead.

  Similarly, the Wireless LAN Front Box offers native IPv6
  connectivity towards the Mobile Router, when the mobile network
  attaches to the Wixos WiFi HotSpot network.

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3.3 Home Network

  The home network is connected to both IPv4 and IPv6 Internets.  It
  hosts an IPv6 Home Agent, a 6to4 Gateway and a Udptun Gateway.  The
  Home Agent runs Mobile IPv6 with NEMO implicit mode [2].  The Udptun
  Gateway constitutes the UDPv4 tunnel endpoint for both the GPRS and
  WLAN FrontBoxes.

  In addition, the home network offers two WLAN access points towards
  the mobile network.  One of the AP's is connected to the home link
  (where HA resides); the other AP is attached to another link of the
  home network.  Both AP's offer native IPv6 connectivity towards the
  Mobile Router; when the MR connects to the home network AP's, it
  does by bypassing the FrontBoxes.

3.4 Orange Wireless Access (GPRS)

  The GPRS access system offer IPv4 access with a private addressing
  scheme.  It distributes private non-routable addresses (10.x.y.z)
  over a PPP connection, addresses being assigned by DHCP servers.
  This network is connected to the Internet with NAT boxes.

3.5 Wixos Wireless Access (WLAN)

  Wixos is an 802.11b Metropolitan Area Network.  During June 2003,
  the Wixos network was available for public experimentation.  For
  more information about the Wixos network see [6].  Disclaimer: none
  of the participants in the IST OverDRiVE project are affiliated, or
  represent, in any legal or other way the Wixos Network.  The Wixos
  network was used as a public access network.

  The network offers IPv4 access in several "hotspot" areas.  Most of
  the hotspots are not overlapping (in terms of wireless coverage).
  The IPv4 network offers private non-routable IPv4 addresses.  The
  network was not using, at the time of testing, any form of Mobile
  IPv4; an address acquired in one WiFi hotspot is not valid under
  another WiFi hotspot of the same Wixos network.

3.6 Scenarios and Results

  In one scenario, the mobile network was first connected to the home
  network outside the metropolitan area, then moved onto the highway,
  then entered a metropolitan area hotspot, then went out of the
  hotspot and entered again another hotspot.  During all this
  trajectory, a continuous IPv6 connection was maintained between the
  Local Fixed Node and a Correspondent Node (web server kame.net,
  placed in Japan) connected on the IPv6 Internet.

  In another scenario, the Local Fixed Node running exclusively IPv6
  protocols, browsed an IPv4 web server.  This could be accomplished
  by configuring a "proxy" server on the LFN client.  The proxy server
  is connected to both the IPv6 and IPv4 Internets; it is physically
  placed at University of Bonn.  The proxy server converts http IPv6
  requests into IPv4 requests, forwards the request to the IPv4
  Internet, and forwards the received IPv4 reply back to the IPv6
  client of the LFN.
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  The first mobility scenario (mentioned above) involved a dynamic
  change of IP addresses (both v4 and v6) to the Mobile Router.
  However, the IPv6 address of the LFN was not changing and, as such,
  the applications running on the LFN were not interrupted.  Hiding
  the change of IP address was performed at two levels of different
  granularity.  The dynamics of address assignment to the Mobile
  Router and FrontBoxes is depicted in figure xx.


  AP1     AP2     BS1     BS2    shadow    BS3     AP3     BS4     AP4

   \______/        \_______|_______/        |       |       |       |
    No ad                 ad1              ad2     ad3     ad4     ad5
  =20
   |       |       \_______|_______________/        |       |       |
  AD1     AD2                    AD3               AD4     AD3     AD4

       Figure xx: Dynamics of IPv4 and IPv6 Address Assignment

  The first line in figure xx depicts the sequence of WLAN Access
  Points and GPRS Base Stations to which the Mobile Router and
  FrontBoxes attach.  AP1 and AP2 are both in the home network (AP1
  connects HA).  BS1 and BS2 are deployed along the highway segment,
  and the "shadow" area depicts an uncovered segment along the highway
  (a tunnel).  BS3 is deployed at junction zone between highway and
  city.  AP3 and AP4 are the hotspot areas, separated by BS4.

  Dynamics of IPv4 address change show a high level of granularity
  (fine-grained).  The IPv4 addresses distributed either by GPRS or by
  WLAN are pictured on the second line, lower case.  When the mobile
  network connects to the home network, no IPv4 address is assigned.
  Under BS1 and BS2, the mobile network is assigned IPv4 address ad1.
  Switching between these two BS's does not incur a change in the IPv4
  address, ad1 is kept.  Due to the presence of the shadow area (the
  uncovered tunnel), the mobile network will be assigned a new IPv4
  address (ad2) under BS3.  Even though GPRS ensures the same IPv4
  address assigned to a mobile, there exists no mechanism to assign
  the same IPv4 address to the same mobile following a short
  disconnection.

  Dynamics of IPv6 address change show a lower level of granularity
  (coarse-grained).  Assignment of IPv6 addresses to the Mobile Router
  (the Care-of Addresses) is pictured on the bottom line.  At home,
  IPv6 addresses AD1 and and AD2 are assigned to the Mobile Router,
  AD1 being the Home Address.  Whenever the GPRS FrontBox is conneted
  to a BS, AD3 is assigned to the Mobile Router (BS1-4).  Whenever the
  WLAN FrontBox is connected to an AP (AP3-4), AD4 is assigned to MR.

  Less change in the IPv6 address of the MR reduces the number of
  binding information exchanges with the Home Agent.  For example,
  when there is a change ad1-ad2, the corresponding address AD3
  Care-of Address is stable, no need to inform the Home Agent.

  During the experimentation, the dynamics of encapsulation (v6-in-v6
  and v6-in-v4) was also observed.  For further information and
  lessons learned, see [10].
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4. Conclusions and Future Work

  This report described laboratory and field experiments with an IPv6
  mobile network.  A wide range of laboratory experiments showed the
  viability of NEMO-based network mobility protocols to support
  scenarios with simple mobile networks, nested mobile networks, and
  mobile HA's.  At the same time, the experiments helped proving the
  analytical expectations (such as excessive encapsulations) and also
  raised new problems (such as crossover tunneling).  Solving these
  problems involves developping new protocols for Route Optimization
  for mobile networks.

  Field experiments involved accessing two publicly-deployed wireless
  access systems (GPRS and WLAN) and showed the need for NAT traversal
  and IPv6 transition mechanisms.  These mechanisms were separated
  from Mobile IPv6 mobility management by means of FrontBoxes.

  Delivering multicast traffic to hosts inside the mobile network is
  an important work item identified within the project.  Several
  schemes are currently being considered (home and remote
  subscriptions).

  A DVB-T FrontBox would allow the Mobile Router to receive high-speed
  (broadband) Internet flows (larger bandwidths than with GPRS or
  WLAN).  Developing a DVB-T FrontBox is one of the potential future
  work items.

Acknowledgements

  This work has been performed in the framework of the IST project
  IST-2001-35125 OverDRiVE (Spectrum Efficient Uni- and Multicast Over
  Dynamic Radio Networks in Vehicular Environments), which is partly
  funded by the European Union. The OverDRiVE consortium consists of
  Motorola, DaimlerChrysler, France Telecom, Ericsson and
  Radiotelevisione Italiana as well as Rheinisch-Westf=E4lische
  Technische Hochschule RWTH Aachen, Universit=E4t Bonn and the
  University of Surrey. The authors acknowledge the contributions of
  their colleagues in the OverDRiVE consortium.
















o

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References

  [1] S. Bradner. Key Words for Use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
      Levels. RFC 2119, BCP 0014, IETF.  March 1997.

  [2] V. Devarapalli, R. Wakikawa, A. Petrescu and P. Thubert. Nemo
      Basic Support Protocol (work in progress). Internet Draft,
      IETF. draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-00.txt.  June 2003.

  [3] IST OverDRiVE project on the World Wide Web:
      http://www.ist-overdrive.org, accessed June 23rd 2003.

  [4] T. Ernst and H.-Y. Lach. Network Mobility Support Terminology
      (work in progress). Internet Draft, IETF.
      draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt. May 2003.

  [5] D. Johnson, C. Perkins and J. Arkko. Mobility Support in IPv6
      (work in progress). Internet Draft, IETF.
      draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-22.txt. May 2003.

  [6] Wixos Wireless LAN Network on the World Wide Web:
      http://www.wixos.net, Accessed June 22nd 2003.

  [7] C. Janneteau, ed., "Scenarios, Services and Requirements",
      OverDRiVE Deliverable D03, September 2002.

  [8] M. Ronai, ed., "Concept of Mobile Router and Dynamic IVAN
      Management", OverDRiVE Deliverable D07, March 2003.

  [9] A. Petrescu, ed., "Issues in Designing Mobile IPv6 Network
      Mobility with the MR-HA Bi-directional Tunnel (MRHA),
      draft-petrescu-nemo-mrha-03.txt, (Work in Progress), October
      2003.

  [10] A. Petrescu and H.-Y. Lach, "MR-HA Bidirectional Tunnelling for
       Network Mobility", Motorola Labs internal tech report, October
       2003.

  [11] H.-Y. Lach, C. Janneteau and A. Petrescu, "Network Mobility in
       Beyond-3G Systems", IEEE Communications Magazine, July 2003.

  [12] H. Levkowetz, S. Vaarala, "Mobile IP Traversal of Network Address
       Translation (NAT) Devices", RFC 3519, Proposed Standard,
       IETF.  May 2003.












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Authors' Addresses=20
   =20
  Hong-Yon Lach                      Christophe Janneteau              =20
  Motorola Labs                      Motorola Labs                     =20
  Parc les Algorithmes St Aubin      Parc les Algorithmes St Aubin  =20
  Gif-sur-Yvette 91193               Gif-sur-Yvette 91193              =20
  France                             France                            =20
  Phone:  +33 1 69352536             Phone:  +33 1 69352548            =20
  Hong-Yon.Lach@motorola.com         Christophe.Janneteau@motorola.com =20

  Alexis Olivereau                   Alexandru Petrescu              =20
  Motorola Labs                      Motorola Labs                   =20
  Parc les Algorithmes St Aubin      Parc les Algorithmes St Aubin  =20
  Gif-sur-Yvette 91193               Gif-sur-Yvette 91193            =20
  France                             France                          =20
  Phone:  +33 1 69352516             Phone:  +33 1 69354827          =20
  Alexis@motorola.com                Alexandru.Petrescu@motorola.com =20

  Tim Leinmueller                    Michael M. Wolf                  =20
  DaimlerChrysler AG   	       	     DaimlerChrysler AG   	      =20
  Research Telematics and E-Business Research Telematics and E-Business
  Communication Systems (RIC/TC)     Communication Systems (RIC/TC)   =20
  HPC: U800			     HPC: U800			      =20
  P.O. Box 2360		       	     P.O. Box 2360		      =20
  89013 Ulm / Germany	       	     89013 Ulm / Germany	      =20
  Phone: +49 731 505 2379   	     Phone: +49 731 505 2379   	      =20
  Tim.Leinmueller@daimlerchrysler.comMichael.M.Wolf@daimlerchrysler.com

  Markus Pilz      =20
  University of Bonn
  pilz@cs.uni-bonn.de

Changes

  From version 00 to 01:
  -improved presentation.
  -added conclusive remarks of laboratory experiments.
  -enhanced the section of field experiments.
  -improved the conclusions section.
  -changed addresses and affiliations of some authors.
















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Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003).  All Rights Reserved.

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Hi folks,

Thierry and I sent some questions to Cisco attorneys about their IPR with
respect to NEMO. I want to share the results of that inquiry. Also, note
that Cisco was issued patent 6636498 last week.

Please go to www.uspto.gov and look up this patent and familiarize yourself
with it. Also, please take a moment to read Cisco's response, and form an
opinion about these IPR issues and how Cisco's and Nokia's IPR licensing
policies will effect our NEMO work.

It would be highly encouraged to start a dialog on the list before the IETF,
so we can process people's comments and opinions.

----
>> [These are our questions]

> [These are Cisco's responses]


>> The NEMO working group members are concerned about the claims of
>> Intellectual Property regarding the NEMO specification, and would like
>> more information about the specific claims as well as licensing terms
>> proposed by Cisco. Please keep in mind that any response to
>> this letter
>> will be deemed public information and may be shared with the
>> NEMO working
>> group.
>> 
>> Here are the questions which remain open; any information you could
>> provide regarding this matter will be appreciated.
>> 
>> 1.    What is(are) the status of the patent application or
>> applications
>> mentioned in your IPR disclosure:
>> http://ietf.org/ietf/IPR/cisco-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt?
> 
> One application issued last week as US Patent No.  6,636,498. Other
> applications are pending in the US Patent Office.
> 
> 
>> a.    Is the application(s) published, and if so what is(are)
>> the publication
>> number/application number(s) of the patent application(s)?
> 
> The pending applcations have not been published.
> 
>> b.    Does your disclosure relate to an unpublished pending patent
>> application(s)?
> 
> The pending applications have not been published.
> 
> 
>> c.    What countries has(have) these applications been filed
>> in, and on what
>> dates?
> 
> In the United States. The filing dates of the unpublished applications are
> confidential.
> 
> 
>> 2.    Are you willing to amend the licensing terms of your
>> IPR disclosure?
> 
> We believe the IPR disclosure is in compliance with IETF IPR rules,
> including RFC 2026. If you disagree please let me know.
> 
> 
>> a.    Would you be willing to match your licensing terms in
>> the direction of
>> what is currently the only other IPR disclosure for the same draft
>> (http://ietf.org/ietf/IPR/nokia-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-supp
>> ort.txt)?
> 
> No, we cannot do so without assurances from IETF that the licensing terms in
> this disclosure are nondiscriminatory.
> 
> 
>> 3.    If you can not give publication number(s) of the
>> application(s), what
>> parts of the NEMO-basic-support Internet Draft are affected by your
>> disclosure
>> 
>> In all cases, we request that you state which sections are
>> affected by the
>> disclosure. This was a concern clearly raised amongst the
>> working group
>> members at the last IETF meeting.
> 
> The following sections are affected:
> 
> Section 4 - Message formats
> Section 5.2 -  Implicit, Implicit Network, and Explicit Prefix Length;
> (3 Modes of Mobile Router operation)
> Section 6.4 - Bi-directional tunnel
> Section 6.5 - forwarding packets
> Section 6.7 - De-registration
> Section 7 - Dynamic routing protocols (e.g., routing protocol updates)
> 




From exim@www1.ietf.org  Tue Oct 28 22:17:31 2003
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Date: Tue, 28 Oct 2003 19:16:08 -0800
From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
To: <nemo@ietf.org>, Margaret Wasserman <Margaret.Wasserman@nokia.com>,
        Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
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Subject: [nemo] Nemo IPR / Cisco
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Hi folks,

Thierry and I sent some questions to Cisco attorneys about their IPR with
respect to NEMO. I want to share the results of that inquiry. Also, note
that Cisco was issued patent 6636498 last week.

Please go to www.uspto.gov and look up this patent and familiarize yourself
with it. Also, please take a moment to read Cisco's response, and form an
opinion about these IPR issues and how Cisco's and Nokia's IPR licensing
policies will effect our NEMO work.

It would be highly encouraged to start a dialog on the list before the IETF,
so we can process people's comments and opinions.

----
>> [These are our questions]

> [These are Cisco's responses]


>> The NEMO working group members are concerned about the claims of
>> Intellectual Property regarding the NEMO specification, and would like
>> more information about the specific claims as well as licensing terms
>> proposed by Cisco. Please keep in mind that any response to
>> this letter
>> will be deemed public information and may be shared with the
>> NEMO working
>> group.
>> 
>> Here are the questions which remain open; any information you could
>> provide regarding this matter will be appreciated.
>> 
>> 1.    What is(are) the status of the patent application or
>> applications
>> mentioned in your IPR disclosure:
>> http://ietf.org/ietf/IPR/cisco-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt?
> 
> One application issued last week as US Patent No.  6,636,498. Other
> applications are pending in the US Patent Office.
> 
> 
>> a.    Is the application(s) published, and if so what is(are)
>> the publication
>> number/application number(s) of the patent application(s)?
> 
> The pending applcations have not been published.
> 
>> b.    Does your disclosure relate to an unpublished pending patent
>> application(s)?
> 
> The pending applications have not been published.
> 
> 
>> c.    What countries has(have) these applications been filed
>> in, and on what
>> dates?
> 
> In the United States. The filing dates of the unpublished applications are
> confidential.
> 
> 
>> 2.    Are you willing to amend the licensing terms of your
>> IPR disclosure?
> 
> We believe the IPR disclosure is in compliance with IETF IPR rules,
> including RFC 2026. If you disagree please let me know.
> 
> 
>> a.    Would you be willing to match your licensing terms in
>> the direction of
>> what is currently the only other IPR disclosure for the same draft
>> (http://ietf.org/ietf/IPR/nokia-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-supp
>> ort.txt)?
> 
> No, we cannot do so without assurances from IETF that the licensing terms in
> this disclosure are nondiscriminatory.
> 
> 
>> 3.    If you can not give publication number(s) of the
>> application(s), what
>> parts of the NEMO-basic-support Internet Draft are affected by your
>> disclosure
>> 
>> In all cases, we request that you state which sections are
>> affected by the
>> disclosure. This was a concern clearly raised amongst the
>> working group
>> members at the last IETF meeting.
> 
> The following sections are affected:
> 
> Section 4 - Message formats
> Section 5.2 -  Implicit, Implicit Network, and Explicit Prefix Length;
> (3 Modes of Mobile Router operation)
> Section 6.4 - Bi-directional tunnel
> Section 6.5 - forwarding packets
> Section 6.7 - De-registration
> Section 7 - Dynamic routing protocols (e.g., routing protocol updates)
> 





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 29 00:46:21 2003
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From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
To: <nemo@ietf.org>, Margaret Wasserman <Margaret.Wasserman@nokia.com>,
        Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@sun.com>
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Subject: [nemo] NEMO IPR / Cisco / Nokia (2)
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In terms of the IPR discussion, any group or company who has claimed some
IPR on NEMO specs (Cisco/Nokia at present) should be part of this
discussion. So, we can continue the past dialog, if necessary, about Nokia's
license as well. Cisco had some comments about Nokia's license, and about
Cisco's patent assertion practices. Here is that text, which directly
followed the list of "affected sections":

>> 
>> Please note that the working group is concerned about
>> licensing terms for
>> basic technology that may be part of the NEMO basic support draft. The
>> presence of patent claims without a free license for
>> implementation may
>> hinder or preclude further work on this technology without substantial
>> rework of the underlying mechanisms. Any help you can provide towards
>> making this draft viable would be gratefully received.
> 
> Please note that the license at
> (http://ietf.org/ietf/IPR/nokia-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt)
> 
> is not a "free license for implementation" for those who do not use the
> specific licenses referred to therein.
> 
> Please note further that Cisco has never asserted a patent against anyone
> for implementing an IETF standard except in response to patent assertions
> against Cisco from another party.
>> 
>> 
>> Sincerely,
>> 
>> T.J. Kniveton            for Thierry Ernst
>> Nokia                        WIDE / KEIO University
>> 
>> NEMO Working Group Chairs
>> 
>> 


-TJ




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To: <nemo@ietf.org>, Margaret Wasserman <Margaret.Wasserman@nokia.com>,
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In terms of the IPR discussion, any group or company who has claimed some
IPR on NEMO specs (Cisco/Nokia at present) should be part of this
discussion. So, we can continue the past dialog, if necessary, about Nokia's
license as well. Cisco had some comments about Nokia's license, and about
Cisco's patent assertion practices. Here is that text, which directly
followed the list of "affected sections":

>> 
>> Please note that the working group is concerned about
>> licensing terms for
>> basic technology that may be part of the NEMO basic support draft. The
>> presence of patent claims without a free license for
>> implementation may
>> hinder or preclude further work on this technology without substantial
>> rework of the underlying mechanisms. Any help you can provide towards
>> making this draft viable would be gratefully received.
> 
> Please note that the license at
> (http://ietf.org/ietf/IPR/nokia-ipr-draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support.txt)
> 
> is not a "free license for implementation" for those who do not use the
> specific licenses referred to therein.
> 
> Please note further that Cisco has never asserted a patent against anyone
> for implementing an IETF standard except in response to patent assertions
> against Cisco from another party.
>> 
>> 
>> Sincerely,
>> 
>> T.J. Kniveton            for Thierry Ernst
>> Nokia                        WIDE / KEIO University
>> 
>> NEMO Working Group Chairs
>> 
>> 


-TJ





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T.J. Kniveton wrote:
> In terms of the IPR discussion, any group or company who has claimed 
> some IPR on NEMO specs (Cisco/Nokia at present) should be part of 
> this discussion.

What do you call "NEMO specs"?  Is it the  WG items exclusively?  Is it
all the drafts that have -nemo- in name?  Is it all the drafts that are
published on the mobilenetworks.org/nemo site?

Alex
GBU




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T.J. Kniveton wrote:
> In terms of the IPR discussion, any group or company who has claimed 
> some IPR on NEMO specs (Cisco/Nokia at present) should be part of 
> this discussion.

What do you call "NEMO specs"?  Is it the  WG items exclusively?  Is it
all the drafts that have -nemo- in name?  Is it all the drafts that are
published on the mobilenetworks.org/nemo site?

Alex
GBU





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 29 04:39:24 2003
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Subject: Re: [nemo] NEMO IPR / Cisco / Nokia (2)
From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
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On 10/29/03 12:12 AM, "Alexandru Petrescu" <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
wrote:

> T.J. Kniveton wrote:
>> In terms of the IPR discussion, any group or company who has claimed
>> some IPR on NEMO specs (Cisco/Nokia at present) should be part of
>> this discussion.
> 
> What do you call "NEMO specs"?  Is it the  WG items exclusively?  Is it
> all the drafts that have -nemo- in name?  Is it all the drafts that are
> published on the mobilenetworks.org/nemo site?
> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 
> 

Good question. I think we only need to discuss WG documents, with highest
priority to most mature drafts (i.e. basic support). And when additional
drafts become WG documents, we can discuss IPR aspects of those in turn.

ADs can add additional comments here if necessary.

TJ
 




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Subject: Re: [nemo] NEMO IPR / Cisco / Nokia (2)
From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
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On 10/29/03 12:12 AM, "Alexandru Petrescu" <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
wrote:

> T.J. Kniveton wrote:
>> In terms of the IPR discussion, any group or company who has claimed
>> some IPR on NEMO specs (Cisco/Nokia at present) should be part of
>> this discussion.
> 
> What do you call "NEMO specs"?  Is it the  WG items exclusively?  Is it
> all the drafts that have -nemo- in name?  Is it all the drafts that are
> published on the mobilenetworks.org/nemo site?
> 
> Alex
> GBU
> 
> 

Good question. I think we only need to discuss WG documents, with highest
priority to most mature drafts (i.e. basic support). And when additional
drafts become WG documents, we can discuss IPR aspects of those in turn.

ADs can add additional comments here if necessary.

TJ
 





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 29 15:34:25 2003
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Let me me bring back this thread on IPR, now that more info on
actual claims is available.

Erik Nordmark wrote:
> - Is there any information what the claimed IPR might actually cover?
> 
I used US2003/0117965A1 and US6636498B1 that I'll call A and B in the
following.  I have some interpretations below, but those are of course
not of a professional lawyer, disclaimers apply.

Both A and B have claims relating to the way NEMO basic (non-RO)
works:

B is on methods for Mobile IPv4 while A is for Mobile IPv6 (B has some
text on an MR-specific FA while B obviously hasn't).

Both A and B claim that HA will modify its routing table and binding
cache or mobility binding table upon reception of BU or RReq.

B claims that, in addition to the CoA in the RReq, there might be
prefixes in the RReq.  A only claims there's a CoA in the BU.

Both A and B claim that dynamic routing information exchanges might
happen between MR and HA, through the bidir tunnel, whenever MR changes CoA.

A mentions nested mobile networks while B doesn't.

One thing in the NEMO base draft that is not covered by A and B is
probably the "explicit prefix len" mode.  Another thing that is not
covered neither by A nor by B is probably the HA learning host-based
routes via ICMP redirects (this particular aspect is not in the NEMO
base WG item but it is in some nemo related draft).  Probably those two
details are very narrow with respect to the overall nemo workings, or
I'd rather say that both A and B have very wide claims.

If one wants to go further, other means to do network mobility with
Mobile IPv6 and bidir tunnel are always possible, such that they
don't fall under A and B's claims; for example one might want to avoid
modifying the routing table.

Also, in a different context and with different purposes, one might be
able to identify relevant prior art preceding A's filing date (and
probably a bit of B's too) and challenge the patents directly, instead
of fighting over the licensing scheme (I'm not sure which approach is
cheaper).  That's very easy: consider that A and B are filed and
published at different dates, so they are surely preceding one another
somehow and neither one mentions the other.

> This is useful for the WG if there is a desire to proceed even though
>  there is IPR, something which the WG is free to choose, or try to 
> work around the IPR.

Right.

Alex




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Let me me bring back this thread on IPR, now that more info on
actual claims is available.

Erik Nordmark wrote:
> - Is there any information what the claimed IPR might actually cover?
> 
I used US2003/0117965A1 and US6636498B1 that I'll call A and B in the
following.  I have some interpretations below, but those are of course
not of a professional lawyer, disclaimers apply.

Both A and B have claims relating to the way NEMO basic (non-RO)
works:

B is on methods for Mobile IPv4 while A is for Mobile IPv6 (B has some
text on an MR-specific FA while B obviously hasn't).

Both A and B claim that HA will modify its routing table and binding
cache or mobility binding table upon reception of BU or RReq.

B claims that, in addition to the CoA in the RReq, there might be
prefixes in the RReq.  A only claims there's a CoA in the BU.

Both A and B claim that dynamic routing information exchanges might
happen between MR and HA, through the bidir tunnel, whenever MR changes CoA.

A mentions nested mobile networks while B doesn't.

One thing in the NEMO base draft that is not covered by A and B is
probably the "explicit prefix len" mode.  Another thing that is not
covered neither by A nor by B is probably the HA learning host-based
routes via ICMP redirects (this particular aspect is not in the NEMO
base WG item but it is in some nemo related draft).  Probably those two
details are very narrow with respect to the overall nemo workings, or
I'd rather say that both A and B have very wide claims.

If one wants to go further, other means to do network mobility with
Mobile IPv6 and bidir tunnel are always possible, such that they
don't fall under A and B's claims; for example one might want to avoid
modifying the routing table.

Also, in a different context and with different purposes, one might be
able to identify relevant prior art preceding A's filing date (and
probably a bit of B's too) and challenge the patents directly, instead
of fighting over the licensing scheme (I'm not sure which approach is
cheaper).  That's very easy: consider that A and B are filed and
published at different dates, so they are surely preceding one another
somehow and neither one mentions the other.

> This is useful for the WG if there is a desire to proceed even though
>  there is IPR, something which the WG is free to choose, or try to 
> work around the IPR.

Right.

Alex





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Oct 29 17:06:22 2003
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Subject: RE: [nemo] NEMO IPR / Cisco / Nokia (2)
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> Good question. I think we only need to discuss WG documents,=20
> with highest priority to most mature drafts (i.e. basic=20
> support). And when additional drafts become WG documents, we=20
> can discuss IPR aspects of those in turn.
>=20
> ADs can add additional comments here if necessary.

I agree that it is the highest priority to make sure=20
that the WG is okay with the IPR claims on the items=20
that you have mentioned above.

However, all NEMO participants should be disclosing
any IPR that they (or their companies) have that is=20
associated with any NEMO contribution.  That means
that folks should have already disclosed any IPR that
they are aware of that relates to any published/discussed=20
I-D, whether or not it has been accepted as a WG work=20
item, and any ideas  that are posted to the mailing lists
or presented in meetings.

Margaret



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> Good question. I think we only need to discuss WG documents,=20
> with highest priority to most mature drafts (i.e. basic=20
> support). And when additional drafts become WG documents, we=20
> can discuss IPR aspects of those in turn.
>=20
> ADs can add additional comments here if necessary.

I agree that it is the highest priority to make sure=20
that the WG is okay with the IPR claims on the items=20
that you have mentioned above.

However, all NEMO participants should be disclosing
any IPR that they (or their companies) have that is=20
associated with any NEMO contribution.  That means
that folks should have already disclosed any IPR that
they are aware of that relates to any published/discussed=20
I-D, whether or not it has been accepted as a WG work=20
item, and any ideas  that are posted to the mailing lists
or presented in meetings.

Margaret




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct 30 02:49:25 2003
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Subject: Multihoming Discussion (was Re: [nemo] [Fwd: I-D
	ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt])
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
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Hello, NEMO WG,

Here is a quick summary of changes to the new draft (differences between
-01 and -02).

taxonomy:  
I have included Erik's insights on subscriptions-based versus single
ownership of NEMO and its home domain(s).

Analysis:
Have tried to incorporate ideas from Julien's evaluation draft, and
describe the benefits of multihoming, grouped into 2 main categories:
Fault Tolerance, Load Sharing.

Like to seek comments from the WG on the draft, especially on the
following points:

- Are the scenarios/taxonomy representative enough?

- Or are they too complex, too many of them?  If so, what can be
dropped?

The objective is to merge the multihoming drafts as one WG draft.  The
question now is the scope and objectives of the WG draft.  Presently,
this is my initial take.

- To capture the different scenarios for multihoming in Basic NEMO
- To specify what are the scenarios supported by basic NEMO
- To identify issues in these scenarios

I am sure there is more to add.  Do add in your thoughts on this so that
we can formalized them in the Minneapolis Meeting.

/rgds
/cwng


On Mon, 2003-10-27 at 19:25, Chan-Wah Ng wrote:
> Hello, NEMO ML,
> 
> see the forwarded message for the new version of multihoming draft.
> Please take a look at it, and in a very short while, I will post a seed
> mail to gather comments and suggestions for moving forward.
> 
> Thanks
> 
> /rgds
> /cwng
> 
> 
> -----Forwarded Message-----
> From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
> Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2003 10:37:04 -0400
> 
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
> 
> 
> 	Title		: Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
> 	Author(s)	: C. Ng, J. Charbon
> 	Filename	: draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
> 	Pages		: 32
> 	Date		: 2003-10-23
> 	
> This document describes deployment scenario of multi-homed Network in
> Motion (NEMO) and attempts to identify issues that arises when
> supporting multi-homing in NEMO. It is also the objective of this
> document to build a full taxonomy covering multi-homed scenarios in
> NEMO, so as to facilitate explorations into this aspect of NEMO.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
> 
> To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to 
> ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the message.
> 
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the username
> "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
> type "cd internet-drafts" and then
> 	"get draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt".
> 
> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
> or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
> 
> 
> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
> 
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Subject: Multihoming Discussion (was Re: [nemo] [Fwd: I-D
	ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt])
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hello, NEMO WG,

Here is a quick summary of changes to the new draft (differences between
-01 and -02).

taxonomy:  
I have included Erik's insights on subscriptions-based versus single
ownership of NEMO and its home domain(s).

Analysis:
Have tried to incorporate ideas from Julien's evaluation draft, and
describe the benefits of multihoming, grouped into 2 main categories:
Fault Tolerance, Load Sharing.

Like to seek comments from the WG on the draft, especially on the
following points:

- Are the scenarios/taxonomy representative enough?

- Or are they too complex, too many of them?  If so, what can be
dropped?

The objective is to merge the multihoming drafts as one WG draft.  The
question now is the scope and objectives of the WG draft.  Presently,
this is my initial take.

- To capture the different scenarios for multihoming in Basic NEMO
- To specify what are the scenarios supported by basic NEMO
- To identify issues in these scenarios

I am sure there is more to add.  Do add in your thoughts on this so that
we can formalized them in the Minneapolis Meeting.

/rgds
/cwng


On Mon, 2003-10-27 at 19:25, Chan-Wah Ng wrote:
> Hello, NEMO ML,
> 
> see the forwarded message for the new version of multihoming draft.
> Please take a look at it, and in a very short while, I will post a seed
> mail to gather comments and suggestions for moving forward.
> 
> Thanks
> 
> /rgds
> /cwng
> 
> 
> -----Forwarded Message-----
> From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
> Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
> Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2003 10:37:04 -0400
> 
> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
> 
> 
> 	Title		: Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
> 	Author(s)	: C. Ng, J. Charbon
> 	Filename	: draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
> 	Pages		: 32
> 	Date		: 2003-10-23
> 	
> This document describes deployment scenario of multi-homed Network in
> Motion (NEMO) and attempts to identify issues that arises when
> supporting multi-homing in NEMO. It is also the objective of this
> document to build a full taxonomy covering multi-homed scenarios in
> NEMO, so as to facilitate explorations into this aspect of NEMO.
> 
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
> 
> To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to 
> ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the message.
> 
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the username
> "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
> type "cd internet-drafts" and then
> 	"get draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt".
> 
> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
> or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
> 
> 
> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
> 
> Send a message to:
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> In the body type:
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> 	
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> The objective is to merge the multihoming drafts as one WG draft.

Hello Chan-Wah,

I agree that it would be good to join all the NEMO multi-homing drafts
together into only one.  This would consolidate the common multi-homing
issues and present the reader a simpler view of multi-homing related to
moving networks.

One should also consider that there was some proposal for multi-homing
discussion in the MIP6 WG as well.  Do you know whether a "multi-homing"
slot was allocated for the forthcoming MIP6 meeting?  What would be the
interactions between the MIP6 multi-homing work and the NEMO
multi-homing work.

At the same time, I've noticed a DT was working in the Multi6 WG
multi-homing and two drafts are out now.  How would NEMO WG
multi-homing position itself with respect to this multi6 effort?

And, finally, I believe that the HIP BoF is also looking forward to 
working on multi-homing aspects for mobility.

Now coming back to the NEMO WG Charter, I find that it does mention
"multi-homed network" in the opening statements, but I don't think it
has multi-homing action points in the "will" and "will work on".  So I'm
not sure about the NEMO supposedly unique multi-homing document to
become a WG item.  I mean I would oppose that, unless charter modified.
  I'm not saying that that document is not useful, it's just about being
or not being NEMO WG item.

Alex
GBU

Chan-Wah NG wrote:
> Hello, NEMO WG,
> 
> Here is a quick summary of changes to the new draft (differences 
> between -01 and -02).
> 
> taxonomy: I have included Erik's insights on subscriptions-based 
> versus single ownership of NEMO and its home domain(s).
> 
> 
> Like to seek comments from the WG on the draft, especially on the 
> following points:
> 
> - Are the scenarios/taxonomy representative enough?
> 
> - Or are they too complex, too many of them?  If so, what can be 
> dropped?
> 



  The
> question now is the scope and objectives of the WG draft. Presently, 
> this is my initial take.
> 
> - To capture the different scenarios for multihoming in Basic NEMO -
>  To specify what are the scenarios supported by basic NEMO - To 
> identify issues in these scenarios
> 
> I am sure there is more to add.  Do add in your thoughts on this so 
> that we can formalized them in the Minneapolis Meeting.
> 
> /rgds /cwng
> 
> 
> On Mon, 2003-10-27 at 19:25, Chan-Wah Ng wrote:
> 
>> Hello, NEMO ML,
>> 
>> see the forwarded message for the new version of multihoming draft.
>>  Please take a look at it, and in a very short while, I will post a
>>  seed mail to gather comments and suggestions for moving forward.
>> 
>> Thanks
>> 
>> /rgds /cwng
>> 
>> 
>> -----Forwarded Message----- From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org Subject:
>>  I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt Date: Fri, 24 
>> Oct 2003 10:37:04 -0400
>> 
>> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
>>  directories.
>> 
>> 
>> Title		: Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling Author(s)
>>  : C. Ng, J. Charbon Filename	: 
>> draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt Pages		: 32 Date		: 
>> 2003-10-23  This document describes deployment scenario of 
>> multi-homed Network in Motion (NEMO) and attempts to identify 
>> issues that arises when supporting multi-homing in NEMO. It is also
>>  the objective of this document to build a full taxonomy covering 
>> multi-homed scenarios in NEMO, so as to facilitate explorations 
>> into this aspect of NEMO.
>> 
>> A URL for this Internet-Draft is: 
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message
>>  to ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of
>>  the message.
>> 
>> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the
>>  username "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After
>>  logging in, type "cd internet-drafts" and then "get 
>> draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt".
>> 
>> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in 
>> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html or 
>> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
>> 
>> 
>> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
>> 
>> Send a message to: mailserv@ietf.org. In the body type: "FILE 
>> /internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt".  NOTE: 
>> The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in MIME-encoded
>>  form by using the "mpack" utility.  To use this feature, insert 
>> the command "ENCODING mime" before the "FILE" command.  To decode 
>> the response(s), you will need "munpack" or a MIME-compliant mail 
>> reader.  Different MIME-compliant mail readers exhibit different 
>> behavior, especially when dealing with "multipart" MIME messages 
>> (i.e. documents which have been split up into multiple messages), 
>> so check your local documentation on how to manipulate these 
>> messages.   Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant 
>> mail reader implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII 
>> version of the Internet-Draft.
>> 
>> ________________________________________________________________________
>>  Content-Type: text/plain Content-ID: 
>> <2003-10-24102152.I-D@ietf.org>
>> 
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>> 
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>> 
>> ______________________________________________________________________
>>  Content-Type: text/plain Content-ID: 
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> 
> 
> 





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To: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
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Subject: [nemo] Re: Multihoming Discussion (was  I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt)
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> The objective is to merge the multihoming drafts as one WG draft.

Hello Chan-Wah,

I agree that it would be good to join all the NEMO multi-homing drafts
together into only one.  This would consolidate the common multi-homing
issues and present the reader a simpler view of multi-homing related to
moving networks.

One should also consider that there was some proposal for multi-homing
discussion in the MIP6 WG as well.  Do you know whether a "multi-homing"
slot was allocated for the forthcoming MIP6 meeting?  What would be the
interactions between the MIP6 multi-homing work and the NEMO
multi-homing work.

At the same time, I've noticed a DT was working in the Multi6 WG
multi-homing and two drafts are out now.  How would NEMO WG
multi-homing position itself with respect to this multi6 effort?

And, finally, I believe that the HIP BoF is also looking forward to 
working on multi-homing aspects for mobility.

Now coming back to the NEMO WG Charter, I find that it does mention
"multi-homed network" in the opening statements, but I don't think it
has multi-homing action points in the "will" and "will work on".  So I'm
not sure about the NEMO supposedly unique multi-homing document to
become a WG item.  I mean I would oppose that, unless charter modified.
  I'm not saying that that document is not useful, it's just about being
or not being NEMO WG item.

Alex
GBU

Chan-Wah NG wrote:
> Hello, NEMO WG,
> 
> Here is a quick summary of changes to the new draft (differences 
> between -01 and -02).
> 
> taxonomy: I have included Erik's insights on subscriptions-based 
> versus single ownership of NEMO and its home domain(s).
> 
> 
> Like to seek comments from the WG on the draft, especially on the 
> following points:
> 
> - Are the scenarios/taxonomy representative enough?
> 
> - Or are they too complex, too many of them?  If so, what can be 
> dropped?
> 



  The
> question now is the scope and objectives of the WG draft. Presently, 
> this is my initial take.
> 
> - To capture the different scenarios for multihoming in Basic NEMO -
>  To specify what are the scenarios supported by basic NEMO - To 
> identify issues in these scenarios
> 
> I am sure there is more to add.  Do add in your thoughts on this so 
> that we can formalized them in the Minneapolis Meeting.
> 
> /rgds /cwng
> 
> 
> On Mon, 2003-10-27 at 19:25, Chan-Wah Ng wrote:
> 
>> Hello, NEMO ML,
>> 
>> see the forwarded message for the new version of multihoming draft.
>>  Please take a look at it, and in a very short while, I will post a
>>  seed mail to gather comments and suggestions for moving forward.
>> 
>> Thanks
>> 
>> /rgds /cwng
>> 
>> 
>> -----Forwarded Message----- From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org Subject:
>>  I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt Date: Fri, 24 
>> Oct 2003 10:37:04 -0400
>> 
>> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
>>  directories.
>> 
>> 
>> Title		: Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling Author(s)
>>  : C. Ng, J. Charbon Filename	: 
>> draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt Pages		: 32 Date		: 
>> 2003-10-23  This document describes deployment scenario of 
>> multi-homed Network in Motion (NEMO) and attempts to identify 
>> issues that arises when supporting multi-homing in NEMO. It is also
>>  the objective of this document to build a full taxonomy covering 
>> multi-homed scenarios in NEMO, so as to facilitate explorations 
>> into this aspect of NEMO.
>> 
>> A URL for this Internet-Draft is: 
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message
>>  to ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of
>>  the message.
>> 
>> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the
>>  username "anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After
>>  logging in, type "cd internet-drafts" and then "get 
>> draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt".
>> 
>> A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in 
>> http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html or 
>> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt
>> 
>> 
>> Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.
>> 
>> Send a message to: mailserv@ietf.org. In the body type: "FILE 
>> /internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt".  NOTE: 
>> The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in MIME-encoded
>>  form by using the "mpack" utility.  To use this feature, insert 
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>> ________________________________________________________________________
>>  Content-Type: text/plain Content-ID: 
>> <2003-10-24102152.I-D@ietf.org>
>> 
>> ______________________________________________________________________
>>  Content-Type: text/plain Content-ID: 
>> <2003-10-24102152.I-D@ietf.org>
>> 
>> ENCODING mime FILE 
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>> 
>> ______________________________________________________________________
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> 
> 
> 






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct 30 06:32:22 2003
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Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2003 20:25:02 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
Cc: cwng@psl.com.sg, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: Multihoming Discussion (was  I-D
 ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt)
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Hi Alex,

Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com> wrote:

> > The objective is to merge the multihoming drafts as one WG draft.
> 
> Hello Chan-Wah,
> 
> I agree that it would be good to join all the NEMO multi-homing drafts
> together into only one.  This would consolidate the common multi-homing
> issues and present the reader a simpler view of multi-homing related to
> moving networks.

> One should also consider that there was some proposal for multi-homing
> discussion in the MIP6 WG as well.  Do you know whether a "multi-homing"
> slot was allocated for the forthcoming MIP6 meeting?  What would be the
> interactions between the MIP6 multi-homing work and the NEMO
> multi-homing work.

Chairs of the MIP6 don't agree to discuss multihoming although we
requested (and insisted) for a slot and that a few drafts are out on
this matter:
- draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-02.txt
- draft-montavont-mip6-mmi-01.txt
- draft-montavont-mobileip-multihoming-pb-statement-00.txt
- draft-montavont-mobileip-ha-filtering-v6-00.txt
and others.

So, there is going to be an unformal bar BOF to discuss multihoming and
filtering aspects (see James Kempf announcement in the MIP6 WG).

> At the same time, I've noticed a DT was working in the Multi6 WG
> multi-homing and two drafts are out now.  How would NEMO WG
> multi-homing position itself with respect to this multi6 effort?

This is different, terminology may be common, but the MULTI6 WG mostly
addresses scalability issues when a network route is announced in
multiple ISPs. Route table entries grows with the number of network a
subnetwork is connected to.

> And, finally, I believe that the HIP BoF is also looking forward to 
> working on multi-homing aspects for mobility.

Let's say the mobility and multihoming have similar problems and thus
probably similar solutions; a solution for multihoming may be mobility
while a solution for mobility may be multihoming. The HIP BOF is to
investigate a new addressing architecture and ways to better support
open issues such as mobility and multihoming.

> Now coming back to the NEMO WG Charter, I find that it does mention
> "multi-homed network" in the opening statements, but I don't think it
> has multi-homing action points in the "will" and "will work on".  So I'm
> not sure about the NEMO supposedly unique multi-homing document to
> become a WG item.  I mean I would oppose that, unless charter modified.
>   I'm not saying that that document is not useful, it's just about being
> or not being NEMO WG item.

The WG has agreed that it needs to devise a document on the multihoming
issue at last IETF. But, so far, we haven't decided what will be put in
the document. Also, it was pointed out during the meeting that we need
to list what are the multihoming scenarios relevant to NEMO.


Thierry.






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Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2003 20:25:02 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
Cc: cwng@psl.com.sg, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: Multihoming Discussion (was  I-D
 ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt)
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Hi Alex,

Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com> wrote:

> > The objective is to merge the multihoming drafts as one WG draft.
> 
> Hello Chan-Wah,
> 
> I agree that it would be good to join all the NEMO multi-homing drafts
> together into only one.  This would consolidate the common multi-homing
> issues and present the reader a simpler view of multi-homing related to
> moving networks.

> One should also consider that there was some proposal for multi-homing
> discussion in the MIP6 WG as well.  Do you know whether a "multi-homing"
> slot was allocated for the forthcoming MIP6 meeting?  What would be the
> interactions between the MIP6 multi-homing work and the NEMO
> multi-homing work.

Chairs of the MIP6 don't agree to discuss multihoming although we
requested (and insisted) for a slot and that a few drafts are out on
this matter:
- draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-02.txt
- draft-montavont-mip6-mmi-01.txt
- draft-montavont-mobileip-multihoming-pb-statement-00.txt
- draft-montavont-mobileip-ha-filtering-v6-00.txt
and others.

So, there is going to be an unformal bar BOF to discuss multihoming and
filtering aspects (see James Kempf announcement in the MIP6 WG).

> At the same time, I've noticed a DT was working in the Multi6 WG
> multi-homing and two drafts are out now.  How would NEMO WG
> multi-homing position itself with respect to this multi6 effort?

This is different, terminology may be common, but the MULTI6 WG mostly
addresses scalability issues when a network route is announced in
multiple ISPs. Route table entries grows with the number of network a
subnetwork is connected to.

> And, finally, I believe that the HIP BoF is also looking forward to 
> working on multi-homing aspects for mobility.

Let's say the mobility and multihoming have similar problems and thus
probably similar solutions; a solution for multihoming may be mobility
while a solution for mobility may be multihoming. The HIP BOF is to
investigate a new addressing architecture and ways to better support
open issues such as mobility and multihoming.

> Now coming back to the NEMO WG Charter, I find that it does mention
> "multi-homed network" in the opening statements, but I don't think it
> has multi-homing action points in the "will" and "will work on".  So I'm
> not sure about the NEMO supposedly unique multi-homing document to
> become a WG item.  I mean I would oppose that, unless charter modified.
>   I'm not saying that that document is not useful, it's just about being
> or not being NEMO WG item.

The WG has agreed that it needs to devise a document on the multihoming
issue at last IETF. But, so far, we haven't decided what will be put in
the document. Also, it was pointed out during the meeting that we need
to list what are the multihoming scenarios relevant to NEMO.


Thierry.







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Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: Multihoming Discussion (was  I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt)
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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> One should also consider that there was some proposal for
>> multi-homing discussion in the MIP6 WG as well.  Do you know
>> whether a "multi-homing" slot was allocated for the forthcoming
>> MIP6 meeting?  What would be the interactions between the MIP6
>> multi-homing work and the NEMO multi-homing work.
> 
> Chairs of the MIP6 don't agree to discuss multihoming although we 
> requested (and insisted) for a slot and that a few drafts are out on 
> this matter: - draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-02.txt -
> draft-montavont-mip6-mmi-01.txt -
> draft-montavont-mobileip-multihoming-pb-statement-00.txt -
> draft-montavont-mobileip-ha-filtering-v6-00.txt and others.

Lack of consistency between MIP6 and NEMO?  MIP6 won't treat of
multi-homing but NEMO would?  Isn't NEMO entirely based on Mobile IPv6?

> So, there is going to be an unformal bar BOF to discuss multihoming
> and filtering aspects (see James Kempf announcement in the MIP6 WG).

So if the James Kempf bar BoF takes multi-homing (and filtering and
switching) seriously, maybe they'd take on the NEMO multi-homing as well.

>> At the same time, I've noticed a DT was working in the Multi6 WG 
>> multi-homing and two drafts are out now.  How would NEMO WG 
>> multi-homing position itself with respect to this multi6 effort?
> 
> 
> This is different, terminology may be common, but the MULTI6 WG
> mostly addresses scalability issues when a network route is announced
> in multiple ISPs. Route table entries grows with the number of
> network a subnetwork is connected to.

A-ha.  And the mobile network being connected by several interfaces to a
same home link (through the bidir tunnels) would not involve similar
growth in the routing tables of the routers in the home domain?  To me
it's the same problem.

>> And, finally, I believe that the HIP BoF is also looking forward to
>>  working on multi-homing aspects for mobility.
> 
> 
> Let's say the mobility and multihoming have similar problems and thus
>  probably similar solutions; a solution for multihoming may be
> mobility while a solution for mobility may be multihoming. The HIP
> BOF is to investigate a new addressing architecture and ways to
> better support open issues such as mobility and multihoming.

A-ha.

>> Now coming back to the NEMO WG Charter, I find that it does mention
>>  "multi-homed network" in the opening statements, but I don't think
>> it has multi-homing action points in the "will" and "will work on".
>> So I'm not sure about the NEMO supposedly unique multi-homing
>> document to become a WG item.  I mean I would oppose that, unless
>> charter modified. I'm not saying that that document is not useful,
>> it's just about being or not being NEMO WG item.
> 
> 
> The WG has agreed that it needs to devise a document on the
> multihoming issue at last IETF. But, so far, we haven't decided what
> will be put in the document. Also, it was pointed out during the
> meeting that we need to list what are the multihoming scenarios
> relevant to NEMO.

Ok that.  So if the question about it becoming a WG item comes out I
would oppose it unless Charter modified.

Alex
GBU




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Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: Multihoming Discussion (was  I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt)
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Thierry Ernst wrote:
>> One should also consider that there was some proposal for
>> multi-homing discussion in the MIP6 WG as well.  Do you know
>> whether a "multi-homing" slot was allocated for the forthcoming
>> MIP6 meeting?  What would be the interactions between the MIP6
>> multi-homing work and the NEMO multi-homing work.
> 
> Chairs of the MIP6 don't agree to discuss multihoming although we 
> requested (and insisted) for a slot and that a few drafts are out on 
> this matter: - draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-02.txt -
> draft-montavont-mip6-mmi-01.txt -
> draft-montavont-mobileip-multihoming-pb-statement-00.txt -
> draft-montavont-mobileip-ha-filtering-v6-00.txt and others.

Lack of consistency between MIP6 and NEMO?  MIP6 won't treat of
multi-homing but NEMO would?  Isn't NEMO entirely based on Mobile IPv6?

> So, there is going to be an unformal bar BOF to discuss multihoming
> and filtering aspects (see James Kempf announcement in the MIP6 WG).

So if the James Kempf bar BoF takes multi-homing (and filtering and
switching) seriously, maybe they'd take on the NEMO multi-homing as well.

>> At the same time, I've noticed a DT was working in the Multi6 WG 
>> multi-homing and two drafts are out now.  How would NEMO WG 
>> multi-homing position itself with respect to this multi6 effort?
> 
> 
> This is different, terminology may be common, but the MULTI6 WG
> mostly addresses scalability issues when a network route is announced
> in multiple ISPs. Route table entries grows with the number of
> network a subnetwork is connected to.

A-ha.  And the mobile network being connected by several interfaces to a
same home link (through the bidir tunnels) would not involve similar
growth in the routing tables of the routers in the home domain?  To me
it's the same problem.

>> And, finally, I believe that the HIP BoF is also looking forward to
>>  working on multi-homing aspects for mobility.
> 
> 
> Let's say the mobility and multihoming have similar problems and thus
>  probably similar solutions; a solution for multihoming may be
> mobility while a solution for mobility may be multihoming. The HIP
> BOF is to investigate a new addressing architecture and ways to
> better support open issues such as mobility and multihoming.

A-ha.

>> Now coming back to the NEMO WG Charter, I find that it does mention
>>  "multi-homed network" in the opening statements, but I don't think
>> it has multi-homing action points in the "will" and "will work on".
>> So I'm not sure about the NEMO supposedly unique multi-homing
>> document to become a WG item.  I mean I would oppose that, unless
>> charter modified. I'm not saying that that document is not useful,
>> it's just about being or not being NEMO WG item.
> 
> 
> The WG has agreed that it needs to devise a document on the
> multihoming issue at last IETF. But, so far, we haven't decided what
> will be put in the document. Also, it was pointed out during the
> meeting that we need to list what are the multihoming scenarios
> relevant to NEMO.

Ok that.  So if the question about it becoming a WG item comes out I
would oppose it unless Charter modified.

Alex
GBU





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct 30 07:21:25 2003
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Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2003 21:13:55 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
Cc: alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com, cwng@psl.com.sg, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: Multihoming Discussion (was  I-D
 ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt)
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Hi,

> > Chairs of the MIP6 don't agree to discuss multihoming although we 
> > requested (and insisted) for a slot and that a few drafts are out on 
> > this matter: - draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-02.txt -
> > draft-montavont-mip6-mmi-01.txt -
> > draft-montavont-mobileip-multihoming-pb-statement-00.txt -
> > draft-montavont-mobileip-ha-filtering-v6-00.txt and others.
> 
> Lack of consistency between MIP6 and NEMO?  MIP6 won't treat of
> multi-homing but NEMO would?  Isn't NEMO entirely based on Mobile IPv6?

Asks this to the NEMO chairs. They said that if there is active
discussion on the ML they might consider a slot to discuss the question.
 
> > So, there is going to be an unformal bar BOF to discuss multihoming
> > and filtering aspects (see James Kempf announcement in the MIP6 WG).
> 
> So if the James Kempf bar BoF takes multi-homing (and filtering and
> switching) seriously, maybe they'd take on the NEMO multi-homing as well.

The issue will be raised if someone raise it; at least I will. But it's
just a BAR bof. Just a discussion. No body knows how the discussion may
turn to. 

> >> At the same time, I've noticed a DT was working in the Multi6 WG 
> >> multi-homing and two drafts are out now.  How would NEMO WG 
> >> multi-homing position itself with respect to this multi6 effort?
> > 
> > 
> > This is different, terminology may be common, but the MULTI6 WG
> > mostly addresses scalability issues when a network route is announced
> > in multiple ISPs. Route table entries grows with the number of
> > network a subnetwork is connected to.
> 
> A-ha.  And the mobile network being connected by several interfaces to a
> same home link (through the bidir tunnels) would not involve similar
> growth in the routing tables of the routers in the home domain?  To me
> it's the same problem.

A mobile network being multihomed does not necesserily make the routing
tables growing. It may, and this case is covered by multi6. But multi6
does not consider the other issues which arise for multihomed hosts and
networks.

> >> Now coming back to the NEMO WG Charter, I find that it does mention
> >>  "multi-homed network" in the opening statements, but I don't think
> >> it has multi-homing action points in the "will" and "will work on".
> >> So I'm not sure about the NEMO supposedly unique multi-homing
> >> document to become a WG item.  I mean I would oppose that, unless
> >> charter modified. I'm not saying that that document is not useful,
> >> it's just about being or not being NEMO WG item.
> > 
> > 
> > The WG has agreed that it needs to devise a document on the
> > multihoming issue at last IETF. But, so far, we haven't decided what
> > will be put in the document. Also, it was pointed out during the
> > meeting that we need to list what are the multihoming scenarios
> > relevant to NEMO.
> 
> Ok that.  So if the question about it becoming a WG item comes out I
> would oppose it unless Charter modified.

The working group has agreed to have a
draft-ietf-nemo-multihoming-something. The something is not clear yet.
Once it's clear it will be listed as a WG milestone. So, of course the
charter will be updated to list the new item.

Thierry.






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Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2003 21:13:55 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Alexandru Petrescu <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
Cc: alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com, cwng@psl.com.sg, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: Multihoming Discussion (was  I-D
 ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt)
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Hi,

> > Chairs of the MIP6 don't agree to discuss multihoming although we 
> > requested (and insisted) for a slot and that a few drafts are out on 
> > this matter: - draft-wakikawa-mobileip-multiplecoa-02.txt -
> > draft-montavont-mip6-mmi-01.txt -
> > draft-montavont-mobileip-multihoming-pb-statement-00.txt -
> > draft-montavont-mobileip-ha-filtering-v6-00.txt and others.
> 
> Lack of consistency between MIP6 and NEMO?  MIP6 won't treat of
> multi-homing but NEMO would?  Isn't NEMO entirely based on Mobile IPv6?

Asks this to the NEMO chairs. They said that if there is active
discussion on the ML they might consider a slot to discuss the question.
 
> > So, there is going to be an unformal bar BOF to discuss multihoming
> > and filtering aspects (see James Kempf announcement in the MIP6 WG).
> 
> So if the James Kempf bar BoF takes multi-homing (and filtering and
> switching) seriously, maybe they'd take on the NEMO multi-homing as well.

The issue will be raised if someone raise it; at least I will. But it's
just a BAR bof. Just a discussion. No body knows how the discussion may
turn to. 

> >> At the same time, I've noticed a DT was working in the Multi6 WG 
> >> multi-homing and two drafts are out now.  How would NEMO WG 
> >> multi-homing position itself with respect to this multi6 effort?
> > 
> > 
> > This is different, terminology may be common, but the MULTI6 WG
> > mostly addresses scalability issues when a network route is announced
> > in multiple ISPs. Route table entries grows with the number of
> > network a subnetwork is connected to.
> 
> A-ha.  And the mobile network being connected by several interfaces to a
> same home link (through the bidir tunnels) would not involve similar
> growth in the routing tables of the routers in the home domain?  To me
> it's the same problem.

A mobile network being multihomed does not necesserily make the routing
tables growing. It may, and this case is covered by multi6. But multi6
does not consider the other issues which arise for multihomed hosts and
networks.

> >> Now coming back to the NEMO WG Charter, I find that it does mention
> >>  "multi-homed network" in the opening statements, but I don't think
> >> it has multi-homing action points in the "will" and "will work on".
> >> So I'm not sure about the NEMO supposedly unique multi-homing
> >> document to become a WG item.  I mean I would oppose that, unless
> >> charter modified. I'm not saying that that document is not useful,
> >> it's just about being or not being NEMO WG item.
> > 
> > 
> > The WG has agreed that it needs to devise a document on the
> > multihoming issue at last IETF. But, so far, we haven't decided what
> > will be put in the document. Also, it was pointed out during the
> > meeting that we need to list what are the multihoming scenarios
> > relevant to NEMO.
> 
> Ok that.  So if the question about it becoming a WG item comes out I
> would oppose it unless Charter modified.

The working group has agreed to have a
draft-ietf-nemo-multihoming-something. The something is not clear yet.
Once it's clear it will be listed as a WG milestone. So, of course the
charter will be updated to list the new item.

Thierry.







From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Oct 30 07:55:26 2003
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From: Eun Kyoung Paik <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>
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Hi all,

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
Your comments on this draft are very welcome.

	Title		: Multihomed Mobile Networks Problem Statements
	Author(s)	: E. Paik, et. al.
	Filename	: draft-paik-nemo-multihoming-problem-00.txt
	Pages		: 5
	Date		: 2003-10-20
	
This document describes the needs for multihoming support in
network mobility (NEMO). Issues from designing and implementing
multihomed mobile networks are analyzed in terms of mutiple
connections management and usage.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-paik-nemo-multihoming-problem-00.txt

Regards,
Eun Kyoung




From exim@www1.ietf.org  Thu Oct 30 07:55:27 2003
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Hi all,

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
Your comments on this draft are very welcome.

	Title		: Multihomed Mobile Networks Problem Statements
	Author(s)	: E. Paik, et. al.
	Filename	: draft-paik-nemo-multihoming-problem-00.txt
	Pages		: 5
	Date		: 2003-10-20
	
This document describes the needs for multihoming support in
network mobility (NEMO). Issues from designing and implementing
multihomed mobile networks are analyzed in terms of mutiple
connections management and usage.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-paik-nemo-multihoming-problem-00.txt

Regards,
Eun Kyoung





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Oct 31 08:13:22 2003
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "???" <iris1993@ewha.ac.kr>
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Hi Kim,

These are identifiers used to recognize the tree TLMR as a uid and a
gid. This allows a MR to select a tree to join based on whom the TLMR is
(TLMR Identifier) or which group it belongs to.

Pascal=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: iris1993@ewha.ac.kr [mailto:iris1993@ewha.ac.kr]
> Sent: mardi 28 octobre 2003 11:11
> To: Pascal Thubert (pthubert)
> Subject: May I ask some questions?
>=20
> Dear Sir
>=20
> I am writing to ask some questions of your NEMO draft, named IPv6
Reverse Routing Header and
> its application to Mobile Network
>=20
> I shortly introduce myself to you. I am a master student of Ewha
Institute of Science and
> Technology in Korea Republic.
>=20
> When I was reading your draft, I couldn't understand difference
between Tree TLMR Identifier
> and Tree Group in New Tree Information Option Format
>=20
> I hope you will consider my question and also to hear from you at your
earliest convenience.
>=20
> Yours sincerely
>=20
> Soo Jeong Kim, Master Student.
> Information Communications and Network Security Lab.
> Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering
> Ewha Womans University
> 11-1, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku
> Seoul 120-750, Korea
> Tel: +82-2-3277-3506
> Fax: +82-2-3277-2306
> E-mail: iris1993@ewha.ac.kr
> http://net.ewha.ac.kr



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Oct 31 08:13:23 2003
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To: "Alvin Wo" <alvinwwp@hotmail.com>
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Hi Alvin,

Well, by definition it will not be a LFN any more, but a 'nemo aware'
node.

The answer may depend on the RO technology. With RRH, the LFN can send
an 'empty' RRH with its packets. Means that all fields are zeroed out,
no home address in it. The result is that the packet flows straight to
the CN, and if the CN accepts to reverse the RRH into a RH2,the
responses flow right back. Obviously, there should be some RR test added
somewhere in the picture, but that gives you an idea. We use that for
instance to perform DHAAD, this allows complex nested configurations to
come up, when HAs are also MRs and form an arbitrary tree.

Pascal

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alvin Wo [mailto:alvinwwp@hotmail.com]
> Sent: lundi 27 octobre 2003 07:30
> To: Pascal Thubert (pthubert)
> Subject: Question on NEMO
>=20
> Dear Sir,
>=20
> According to NEMO, LFN only has IPv6 and not MIPv6 capabilities, so is
> unable to perform Route Optimization to MN (currently is MN perform RO
to
> LFN?). Is that if there is any way that I can incoporate Mobile IPv6
> capabilities into LFN without increasing the signal overheads, and
carry out
> RO?
>=20
> Thank you.
>=20
> Cheers,
> Alvin
>=20
> _________________________________________________________________
> Take a break! Find destinations on MSN Travel.
http://www.msn.com.sg/travel/




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Date: Fri, 31 Oct 2003 12:29:26 -0000
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: "Alvin Wo" <alvinwwp@hotmail.com>
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Subject: [nemo] RE: Question on NEMO
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Hi Alvin,

Well, by definition it will not be a LFN any more, but a 'nemo aware'
node.

The answer may depend on the RO technology. With RRH, the LFN can send
an 'empty' RRH with its packets. Means that all fields are zeroed out,
no home address in it. The result is that the packet flows straight to
the CN, and if the CN accepts to reverse the RRH into a RH2,the
responses flow right back. Obviously, there should be some RR test added
somewhere in the picture, but that gives you an idea. We use that for
instance to perform DHAAD, this allows complex nested configurations to
come up, when HAs are also MRs and form an arbitrary tree.

Pascal

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alvin Wo [mailto:alvinwwp@hotmail.com]
> Sent: lundi 27 octobre 2003 07:30
> To: Pascal Thubert (pthubert)
> Subject: Question on NEMO
>=20
> Dear Sir,
>=20
> According to NEMO, LFN only has IPv6 and not MIPv6 capabilities, so is
> unable to perform Route Optimization to MN (currently is MN perform RO
to
> LFN?). Is that if there is any way that I can incoporate Mobile IPv6
> capabilities into LFN without increasing the signal overheads, and
carry out
> RO?
>=20
> Thank you.
>=20
> Cheers,
> Alvin
>=20
> _________________________________________________________________
> Take a break! Find destinations on MSN Travel.
http://www.msn.com.sg/travel/





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To: "???" <iris1993@ewha.ac.kr>
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Hi Kim,

These are identifiers used to recognize the tree TLMR as a uid and a
gid. This allows a MR to select a tree to join based on whom the TLMR is
(TLMR Identifier) or which group it belongs to.

Pascal=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: iris1993@ewha.ac.kr [mailto:iris1993@ewha.ac.kr]
> Sent: mardi 28 octobre 2003 11:11
> To: Pascal Thubert (pthubert)
> Subject: May I ask some questions?
>=20
> Dear Sir
>=20
> I am writing to ask some questions of your NEMO draft, named IPv6
Reverse Routing Header and
> its application to Mobile Network
>=20
> I shortly introduce myself to you. I am a master student of Ewha
Institute of Science and
> Technology in Korea Republic.
>=20
> When I was reading your draft, I couldn't understand difference
between Tree TLMR Identifier
> and Tree Group in New Tree Information Option Format
>=20
> I hope you will consider my question and also to hear from you at your
earliest convenience.
>=20
> Yours sincerely
>=20
> Soo Jeong Kim, Master Student.
> Information Communications and Network Security Lab.
> Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering
> Ewha Womans University
> 11-1, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku
> Seoul 120-750, Korea
> Tel: +82-2-3277-3506
> Fax: +82-2-3277-2306
> E-mail: iris1993@ewha.ac.kr
> http://net.ewha.ac.kr




