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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Feb  2 17:28:34 2004
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Subject: [nemo] Last Call: 'Nemo Basic Support Protocol' to Proposed Standard
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The IESG has received a request from the Network Mobility WG to consider 
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- 'Nemo Basic Support Protocol'
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The file can be obtained via
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The IESG plans to make a decision in the next few weeks, and solicits
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iesg@ietf.org or ietf@ietf.org mailing lists by 2004-02-16.

The file can be obtained via
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-02.txt





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Feb  6 03:39:35 2004
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Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 17:33:34 +0900
From: Seongho Cho <shcho@popeye.snu.ac.kr>
To: nemo@ietf.org
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Subject: [nemo] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt
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Hi all,

Just to inform you that we have submitted a new I-D on threats for multihoming.
We tried to write possible attack scenarios for multi-homed mobile networks
and hope that this I-D will initiate some discussions on this topic.

----- Forwarded message from Internet-Drafts@ietf.org -----

To: IETF-Announce: ;
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Reply-to: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 15:43:47 -0500
Precedence: bulk

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Threat for Multi-homed Mobile Networks
	Author(s)	: S. Cho
	Filename	: draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 2004-2-5
	
In mobile networks, the Mobile Router (MR) is an operational main 
   entity. With multiple MRs, mobile networks can provide the stability 
   of service. And, there already exist various multi-homing scenarios. 
   However, because of mobility and MR-HA relations, there are several 
   security problems in multi-homed mobile networks. In this draft, we 
   identify threats to multi-homed mobile networks. And we will 
   illustrate several scenarios of Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks, 
   Redirection attacks, and Replay attacks.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt

To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to 
ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the message.

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the username
"anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
type "cd internet-drafts" and then
	"get draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt".

A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html 
or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt


Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.

Send a message to:
	mailserv@ietf.org.
In the body type:
	"FILE /internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt".
	
NOTE:	The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
	MIME-encoded form by using the "mpack" utility.  To use this
	feature, insert the command "ENCODING mime" before the "FILE"
	command.  To decode the response(s), you will need "munpack" or
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----- End forwarded message -----

-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Cho, Seongho (Ph.D. candidate)

 Information Networking & Computing Laboratory,
 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University
 San 56-1, Shillim dong, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 151-744, Korea.

 TEL: +82-2-884-3936 
 FAX: +82-2-871-4912 
 http://popeye.snu.ac.kr/~shcho ; mailto:shcho@popeye.snu.ac.kr 
------------------------------------------------------------------------



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Feb  6 03:41:05 2004
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Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 17:33:34 +0900
From: Seongho Cho <shcho@popeye.snu.ac.kr>
To: nemo@ietf.org
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Subject: [nemo] FW: I-D ACTION:draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt
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Hi all,

Just to inform you that we have submitted a new I-D on threats for multihoming.
We tried to write possible attack scenarios for multi-homed mobile networks
and hope that this I-D will initiate some discussions on this topic.

----- Forwarded message from Internet-Drafts@ietf.org -----

To: IETF-Announce: ;
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Reply-to: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 15:43:47 -0500
Precedence: bulk

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Threat for Multi-homed Mobile Networks
	Author(s)	: S. Cho
	Filename	: draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 2004-2-5
	
In mobile networks, the Mobile Router (MR) is an operational main 
   entity. With multiple MRs, mobile networks can provide the stability 
   of service. And, there already exist various multi-homing scenarios. 
   However, because of mobility and MR-HA relations, there are several 
   security problems in multi-homed mobile networks. In this draft, we 
   identify threats to multi-homed mobile networks. And we will 
   illustrate several scenarios of Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks, 
   Redirection attacks, and Replay attacks.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt

To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to 
ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the message.

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP. Login with the username
"anonymous" and a password of your e-mail address. After logging in,
type "cd internet-drafts" and then
	"get draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt".

A list of Internet-Drafts directories can be found in
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html 
or ftp://ftp.ietf.org/ietf/1shadow-sites.txt


Internet-Drafts can also be obtained by e-mail.

Send a message to:
	mailserv@ietf.org.
In the body type:
	"FILE /internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt".
	
NOTE:	The mail server at ietf.org can return the document in
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----- End forwarded message -----

-- 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Cho, Seongho (Ph.D. candidate)

 Information Networking & Computing Laboratory,
 School of Computer Science and Engineering, Seoul National University
 San 56-1, Shillim dong, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 151-744, Korea.

 TEL: +82-2-884-3936 
 FAX: +82-2-871-4912 
 http://popeye.snu.ac.kr/~shcho ; mailto:shcho@popeye.snu.ac.kr 
------------------------------------------------------------------------




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From: Sung-Hyuck Lee <starsu.lee@samsung.com>
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Dear all, 

 IETF Seoul meeting is coming  ...
 However, If you did not make any reservation for accommodation yet, 
 please let me know. I can help the folks who have not found an 
 appropriate hotel. 

 p.s. This mail is not ad.

Thanks & Regards,

Sung-Hyuck Lee
----------------------------------------------
NPTG, i-Networking Lab.
Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT)

Tel: +82-31-280-9585
Fax: +82-31-280-9569
Cellular: +82-11-9039-2615
e-mail: starsu.lee@samsung.com
----------------------------------------------

 











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Dear all, 

 IETF Seoul meeting is coming  ...
 However, If you did not make any reservation for accommodation yet, 
 please let me know. I can help the folks who have not found an 
 appropriate hotel. 

 p.s. This mail is not ad.

Thanks & Regards,

Sung-Hyuck Lee
----------------------------------------------
NPTG, i-Networking Lab.
Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT)

Tel: +82-31-280-9585
Fax: +82-31-280-9569
Cellular: +82-11-9039-2615
e-mail: starsu.lee@samsung.com
----------------------------------------------

 












From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Feb 18 10:02:21 2004
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Network Mobility Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
	Author(s)	: T. Ernst
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-02.txt
	Pages		: 13
	Date		: 2004-2-18
	
Network mobility arises when a router connecting an entire network to
the Internet dynamically changes its point of attachment to the
Internet therefrom causing the reachability of the entire network to
be changed in the topology. Such kind of network is referred to as a
mobile network. Without appropriate mechanisms, sessions established
between nodes in the mobile network and the global Internet cannot be
maintained while the mobile router changes its point of attachment.
The required support mechanisms will be provided in two phases. The
first phase, referred to as NEMO Basic Support is to provide session
continuity while the necessary optimizations mechanims referred to as
NEMO Extended Support might be provided later. This document outlines
the goals expected from network mobility support and defines the
requirements that must be met by NEMO Basic Support solutions.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-02.txt

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Feb 18 10:02:29 2004
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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Network Mobility Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Network Mobility Support Terminology
	Author(s)	: T. Ernst, H. Lach
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt
	Pages		: 21
	Date		: 2004-2-18
	
This document defines a terminology for discussing network mobility
problems and solution requirements. Network mobility arises when a
router connecting an entire network to the Internet dynamically
changes its point of attachment to the Internet therefrom causing the
reachability of the entire network to be changed in the topology.
Such kind of network is referred to as a mobile network. Without
appropriate mechanisms, sessions established between nodes in the
mobile network and the global Internet cannot be maintained while the
mobile router changes its point of attachment.

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http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Network Mobility Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Network Mobility Support Terminology
	Author(s)	: T. Ernst, H. Lach
	Filename	: draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt
	Pages		: 21
	Date		: 2004-2-18
	
This document defines a terminology for discussing network mobility
problems and solution requirements. Network mobility arises when a
router connecting an entire network to the Internet dynamically
changes its point of attachment to the Internet therefrom causing the
reachability of the entire network to be changed in the topology.
Such kind of network is referred to as a mobile network. Without
appropriate mechanisms, sessions established between nodes in the
mobile network and the global Internet cannot be maintained while the
mobile router changes its point of attachment.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt

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type "cd internet-drafts" and then
	"get draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt".

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Feb 18 12:43:33 2004
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Thread-Index: AcPY94C5wbTn/N+AT1+16JosJK2QEQAAHQ4QB1L444A=
From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        "Alexandru Petrescu" <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
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Hi:

I believe that the text about nemo mrha tunnel handling could be
improved a bit:=20

---------------------------------------------------------------------
 Let me suggest a little rephrasing for this paragraph:
=20
 > >    The Home Agent has to verify that packets received through the
 > >    bi-directional tunnel belong to the mobile network.  This check
is
 > >    necessary in order to prevent nodes from using the Home Agent to
 > >    launch attacks that would have otherwise been prevented by
ingress
 > >    filtering.  The source address of the outer IPv6 header MUST be
set
 > >    to the Mobile Router's current Care-of address.  The source
address
 > >    of the inner IPv6 header MUST be a topologically correct address
with
 > >    respect to the IPv6 prefixes used in the mobile network.
=20
=20
 The Home Agent MUST validate the packets received through a
bi-directional tunnel.
 This check is necessary in order to prevent nodes from using the Home
Agent to
 launch attacks that would have otherwise been prevented by ingress
filtering.
 The source address of the outer IPv6 header MUST correspond to the
primary careof
 Address of an active registration. The source address of the inner IPv6
header MUST be a
 topologically correct address, meaning that it is reachable via the
home address for
 That active registration. The source address of the inner IPv6 header
may be either:
 a) the Home address for that registration (MN or MR)
 b) a global address from an MNP associated to that registration for a
registration with the
 'R' bit set
 c) ) more generally, if some additional routing takes place, an address
from a prefix that is
 routed via the registration home address, for a registration with the
'R' bit set.
=20
 ------------------------------------------------------------


I believe we should open an issue for it. Note that MIPv6 is clear and
right about the fact that the inner packet has to be checked to make
sure that the tunnel is used by MN. Checking that the tunnel source
exists is not enough for basic Nemo. We have to do a reverse lookup.=20

One important consequence of that is that the degraded mode (with non
Nemo enable HAs) does not work for basic Nemo Mobile Networks. Say you
have a static route to a MR MNP in a non Nemo MIPv6 HA. If you ping an
address on the MNP from the HA, the packet will be encapsulated and
responded to. But when the HA gets the tunneled response back, it checks
the inner packet source, and expects only a Home Address. Since the
source is not the MR Home Address but a MNP address, the HA drops the
packet. Too bad ain't it?=20

The consequence of all this is that a MR registering to a non Nemo HA
can only register as a MIP MN, and can not expect to use the MRHA tunnel
to serve its MNPs...

What do you think?

Pascal



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Thread-Topic: checking the Nemo tunnel
Thread-Index: AcPY94C5wbTn/N+AT1+16JosJK2QEQAAHQ4QB1L444A=
From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: <vijayd@iprg.nokia.com>, <ryuji@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        "Alexandru Petrescu" <alexandru.petrescu@motorola.com>
Cc: <nemo@ietf.org>
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Subject: [nemo] FW: checking the Nemo tunnel
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Hi:

I believe that the text about nemo mrha tunnel handling could be
improved a bit:=20

---------------------------------------------------------------------
 Let me suggest a little rephrasing for this paragraph:
=20
 > >    The Home Agent has to verify that packets received through the
 > >    bi-directional tunnel belong to the mobile network.  This check
is
 > >    necessary in order to prevent nodes from using the Home Agent to
 > >    launch attacks that would have otherwise been prevented by
ingress
 > >    filtering.  The source address of the outer IPv6 header MUST be
set
 > >    to the Mobile Router's current Care-of address.  The source
address
 > >    of the inner IPv6 header MUST be a topologically correct address
with
 > >    respect to the IPv6 prefixes used in the mobile network.
=20
=20
 The Home Agent MUST validate the packets received through a
bi-directional tunnel.
 This check is necessary in order to prevent nodes from using the Home
Agent to
 launch attacks that would have otherwise been prevented by ingress
filtering.
 The source address of the outer IPv6 header MUST correspond to the
primary careof
 Address of an active registration. The source address of the inner IPv6
header MUST be a
 topologically correct address, meaning that it is reachable via the
home address for
 That active registration. The source address of the inner IPv6 header
may be either:
 a) the Home address for that registration (MN or MR)
 b) a global address from an MNP associated to that registration for a
registration with the
 'R' bit set
 c) ) more generally, if some additional routing takes place, an address
from a prefix that is
 routed via the registration home address, for a registration with the
'R' bit set.
=20
 ------------------------------------------------------------


I believe we should open an issue for it. Note that MIPv6 is clear and
right about the fact that the inner packet has to be checked to make
sure that the tunnel is used by MN. Checking that the tunnel source
exists is not enough for basic Nemo. We have to do a reverse lookup.=20

One important consequence of that is that the degraded mode (with non
Nemo enable HAs) does not work for basic Nemo Mobile Networks. Say you
have a static route to a MR MNP in a non Nemo MIPv6 HA. If you ping an
address on the MNP from the HA, the packet will be encapsulated and
responded to. But when the HA gets the tunneled response back, it checks
the inner packet source, and expects only a Home Address. Since the
source is not the MR Home Address but a MNP address, the HA drops the
packet. Too bad ain't it?=20

The consequence of all this is that a MR registering to a non Nemo HA
can only register as a MIP MN, and can not expect to use the MRHA tunnel
to serve its MNPs...

What do you think?

Pascal




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 19 21:31:32 2004
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-----Forwarded Message-----
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:40:17 -0500

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
	Author(s)	: C. Ng, J. Charbon
	Filename	: draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
	Pages		: 30
	Date		: 2004-2-18
	
This document describes deployment scenario of multi-homed Network in
Motion (NEMO) and attempts to identify issues that arises when
supporting multi-homing in NEMO. It is also the objective of this
document to build a full taxonomy covering multi-homed scenarios in
NEMO, so as to facilitate explorations into this aspect of NEMO.

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-----Forwarded Message-----
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:40:17 -0500

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
	Author(s)	: C. Ng, J. Charbon
	Filename	: draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
	Pages		: 30
	Date		: 2004-2-18
	
This document describes deployment scenario of multi-homed Network in
Motion (NEMO) and attempts to identify issues that arises when
supporting multi-homing in NEMO. It is also the objective of this
document to build a full taxonomy covering multi-homed scenarios in
NEMO, so as to facilitate explorations into this aspect of NEMO.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt

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Sent: lundi 16 f=E9vrier 2004 21:35
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.txt

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts =
directories.


	Title		: Examples of basic Nemo usage
	Author(s)	: P. Thubert, R. Wakikawa, V. Devarapalli
	Filename	: draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.txt
	Pages		: 20
	Date		: 2004-2-16

This paper documents some practical scenarios and the associated
issues when deploying Mobile Routers, conforming the Nemo Basic
Support draft [6].

The aim here is specifically to provide some examples of organization
of the Home Network, as they were discussed in the Nemo and Nemo
Design mailing lists.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.tx=
t

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From: owner-ietf-announce@ietf.org [mailto:owner-ietf-announce@ietf.org] =
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts =
directories.


	Title		: DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
	Author(s)	: R. Droms, P. Thubert
	Filename	: draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt
	Pages		: 12
	Date		: 2004-2-16

One aspect of network mobility support is the assignment of a prefix
or prefixes to a mobile router (MR) for use on the links in the
mobile network.  DHCPv6 prefix delegation can be used for this
configuration task.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Sent: lundi 16 f=E9vrier 2004 21:35
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.txt

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts =
directories.


	Title		: Examples of basic Nemo usage
	Author(s)	: P. Thubert, R. Wakikawa, V. Devarapalli
	Filename	: draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.txt
	Pages		: 20
	Date		: 2004-2-16

This paper documents some practical scenarios and the associated
issues when deploying Mobile Routers, conforming the Nemo Basic
Support draft [6].

The aim here is specifically to provide some examples of organization
of the Home Network, as they were discussed in the Nemo and Nemo
Design mailing lists.

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From: owner-ietf-announce@ietf.org [mailto:owner-ietf-announce@ietf.org] =
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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts =
directories.


	Title		: DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
	Author(s)	: R. Droms, P. Thubert
	Filename	: draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt
	Pages		: 12
	Date		: 2004-2-16

One aspect of network mobility support is the assignment of a prefix
or prefixes to a mobile router (MR) for use on the links in the
mobile network.  DHCPv6 prefix delegation can be used for this
configuration task.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Feb 20 07:13:32 2004
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Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 21:10:13 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo <nemo@ietf.org>
Message-Id: <20040220211013.651bc2c0.ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Organization: Keio University
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Dear all,

The IETF meeting is fast approaching but we haven't had discussion
recently. This is amazing. I've been personaly very busy, I know that
other active members too, but isn't there any concern to be discussed ?

Many drafts have been submitted, indeed. 

So here is a summary of what was announced or not (may I remind authors
to tell internet-draft@ietf.org to cc announcements to NEMO WG when they
submit and to try to raise some discussion about their draft on the
ML?). 


If you have submitted a draft since IETF Minnepolis Nov.2003 that is not
listed below, please let us know. Similarly, feel free to announce any
draft that you think is useful for the NEMO discussions.

Thierry.
 


# --------------------------------------------------------
Drafts Submitted Recently
# --------------------------------------------------------
Network Mobility Support Terminology
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt

Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-02.txt

Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-02.txt


Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt

Examples of basic Nemo usage
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.txt

Threats for Basic Network Mobility Support (NEMO threats)
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-petrescu-nemo-threats-01.txt

Threat for Multi-homed Mobile Networks
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt

DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt

Inter Home Agents Protocol (HAHA)
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-01.txt

Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement for nested mobile networks
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-hmra-00.txt

ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-02.txt

Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt

Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-02.txt


# --------------------------------------------------------
# Non NEMO drafts that may be useful for NEMO discussions
# --------------------------------------------------------

Goals and Benefits of Multihoming
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt

IPv6 addressing in a heterogeneous MANET-network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-paakkonen-addressing-htr-manet-00.txt





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Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 21:10:13 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo <nemo@ietf.org>
Message-Id: <20040220211013.651bc2c0.ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Organization: Keio University
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Dear all,

The IETF meeting is fast approaching but we haven't had discussion
recently. This is amazing. I've been personaly very busy, I know that
other active members too, but isn't there any concern to be discussed ?

Many drafts have been submitted, indeed. 

So here is a summary of what was announced or not (may I remind authors
to tell internet-draft@ietf.org to cc announcements to NEMO WG when they
submit and to try to raise some discussion about their draft on the
ML?). 


If you have submitted a draft since IETF Minnepolis Nov.2003 that is not
listed below, please let us know. Similarly, feel free to announce any
draft that you think is useful for the NEMO discussions.

Thierry.
 


# --------------------------------------------------------
Drafts Submitted Recently
# --------------------------------------------------------
Network Mobility Support Terminology
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt

Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-02.txt

Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-02.txt


Multi-Homing Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt

Examples of basic Nemo usage
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.txt

Threats for Basic Network Mobility Support (NEMO threats)
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-petrescu-nemo-threats-01.txt

Threat for Multi-homed Mobile Networks
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt

DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt

Inter Home Agents Protocol (HAHA)
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-01.txt

Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement for nested mobile networks
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-hmra-00.txt

ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-02.txt

Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt

Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-02.txt


# --------------------------------------------------------
# Non NEMO drafts that may be useful for NEMO discussions
# --------------------------------------------------------

Goals and Benefits of Multihoming
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt

IPv6 addressing in a heterogeneous MANET-network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-paakkonen-addressing-htr-manet-00.txt






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Feb 20 12:56:32 2004
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Thanks for the list of drafts, Thierry. I would like to add one more (RFC):

Thierry Ernst wrote:
> # --------------------------------------------------------
> # Non NEMO drafts that may be useful for NEMO discussions
> # --------------------------------------------------------

        RFC 3669

        Title:      Guidelines for Working Groups on Intellectual
                    Property Issues
        Author(s):  S. Brim
        Status:     Informational
        Date:       February 2004
        Mailbox:    sbrim@cisco.com
        Pages:      17
        Characters: 40946
        Updates/Obsoletes/SeeAlso:    None

        I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-ipr-wg-guidelines-05.txt

        URL:        ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3669.txt


It is informational and doesn't give us new rules, but it is good reading for
everyone interested in IPR. For the IPR guidelines, see RFC 3667-8.

RFC 3669 is useful because it gives some past experiences of how IPR has been
dealt with in other WGs, some of the same issues that have come up in NEMO.

-TJ



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Fri Feb 20 12:58:31 2004
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Thanks for the list of drafts, Thierry. I would like to add one more (RFC):

Thierry Ernst wrote:
> # --------------------------------------------------------
> # Non NEMO drafts that may be useful for NEMO discussions
> # --------------------------------------------------------

        RFC 3669

        Title:      Guidelines for Working Groups on Intellectual
                    Property Issues
        Author(s):  S. Brim
        Status:     Informational
        Date:       February 2004
        Mailbox:    sbrim@cisco.com
        Pages:      17
        Characters: 40946
        Updates/Obsoletes/SeeAlso:    None

        I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-ipr-wg-guidelines-05.txt

        URL:        ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3669.txt


It is informational and doesn't give us new rules, but it is good reading for
everyone interested in IPR. For the IPR guidelines, see RFC 3667-8.

RFC 3669 is useful because it gives some past experiences of how IPR has been
dealt with in other WGs, some of the same issues that have come up in NEMO.

-TJ




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 22 10:49:32 2004
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Hi all,

As the result of last IETF meeting, we merged three of
multihoming related drafts into one.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt 

Your comments on this draft are welcome.

Regards,
Eun Kyoung



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Feb 22 10:51:06 2004
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Hi all,

As the result of last IETF meeting, we merged three of
multihoming related drafts into one.

http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt 

Your comments on this draft are welcome.

Regards,
Eun Kyoung




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 22 21:52:38 2004
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On Sun, 2004-02-22 at 23:46, Eun Kyoung Paik wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> As the result of last IETF meeting, we merged three of
> multihoming related drafts into one.
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
> 
> Your comments on this draft are welcome.
> 
> Regards,
> Eun Kyoung


Thank you, Eun-Kyoung.  

Like to take this opportunity to describe more on the changes to this
draft.

Firstly, Eun-Kyoung's problem statement draft is merged to this draft,
so she won't be releasing an update of her draft.

Secondly, we decided to combine effort with people working on
multihoming issues in Mobile IPv6.  For this purpose, we released
draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt.  This draft
contains general description of multihoming, and listed the benefits of
multihoming.  draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-04.txt uses this generic
draft as a baseline, and discusses the NEMO specific issues.

Thirdly, we tried to shorten the draft.  Well, we managed to shorten the
main text of the draft, by moving some sections to the appendix.  We
felt that it is not necessary to list 3 different approaches to the
taxonomy, and the WG largely is comfortable with the {w,x,y} (now called
{x,y,z}) approach.

Our next task is to focus on the scenario that is relevant to NEMO, and
hopefully the next release of this draft will be a WG document.

As always, comments and bashing of this drafts are always welcomed.

/rgds
/cwng







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Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Eun Kyoung Paik <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>
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On Sun, 2004-02-22 at 23:46, Eun Kyoung Paik wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> As the result of last IETF meeting, we merged three of
> multihoming related drafts into one.
> 
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
> 
> Your comments on this draft are welcome.
> 
> Regards,
> Eun Kyoung


Thank you, Eun-Kyoung.  

Like to take this opportunity to describe more on the changes to this
draft.

Firstly, Eun-Kyoung's problem statement draft is merged to this draft,
so she won't be releasing an update of her draft.

Secondly, we decided to combine effort with people working on
multihoming issues in Mobile IPv6.  For this purpose, we released
draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt.  This draft
contains general description of multihoming, and listed the benefits of
multihoming.  draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-04.txt uses this generic
draft as a baseline, and discusses the NEMO specific issues.

Thirdly, we tried to shorten the draft.  Well, we managed to shorten the
main text of the draft, by moving some sections to the appendix.  We
felt that it is not necessary to list 3 different approaches to the
taxonomy, and the WG largely is comfortable with the {w,x,y} (now called
{x,y,z}) approach.

Our next task is to focus on the scenario that is relevant to NEMO, and
hopefully the next release of this draft will be a WG document.

As always, comments and bashing of this drafts are always welcomed.

/rgds
/cwng








From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Feb 23 01:36:32 2004
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Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:33:05 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Cc: eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Dear all,

By the way, the generic draft Goals and Benefits of Multihoming" has
been badly referenced into draft
draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt. Reference 6 should read:

   [6]  Ernst, T., "Goals and Benefits of Multihoming",
        draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00 (work in progress), 
        February 2004.

I recommend people interested in the multihoming discussion to read this
draft as it will serve as a basement to motivate the needs and benefits
for multihoming in NEMO. The draft lists a number of scenarios.  Some
scenarios apply to fixed nodes, while other apply to mobile nodes, or
fixed nodes in mobile networks, but usually all scenarios could apply to
either cases.  This is the reason why the document has not been
submitted to a particular WG.

As a result of this generic draft, all non NEMO-issues are expected to
be moved out of draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues; some non NEMO-specific
paragraphs may remain but will be removed as we improve both documents. 

Thierry.



On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:44:53 +0800
Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg> wrote:

> On Sun, 2004-02-22 at 23:46, Eun Kyoung Paik wrote:
> > Hi all,
> > 
> > As the result of last IETF meeting, we merged three of
> > multihoming related drafts into one.
> > 
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
> > 
> > Your comments on this draft are welcome.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Eun Kyoung
> 
> 
> Thank you, Eun-Kyoung.  
> 
> Like to take this opportunity to describe more on the changes to this
> draft.
> 
> Firstly, Eun-Kyoung's problem statement draft is merged to this draft,
> so she won't be releasing an update of her draft.
> 
> Secondly, we decided to combine effort with people working on
> multihoming issues in Mobile IPv6.  For this purpose, we released
> draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt.  This draft
> contains general description of multihoming, and listed the benefits of
> multihoming.  draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-04.txt uses this generic
> draft as a baseline, and discusses the NEMO specific issues.
> 
> Thirdly, we tried to shorten the draft.  Well, we managed to shorten the
> main text of the draft, by moving some sections to the appendix.  We
> felt that it is not necessary to list 3 different approaches to the
> taxonomy, and the WG largely is comfortable with the {w,x,y} (now called
> {x,y,z}) approach.
> 
> Our next task is to focus on the scenario that is relevant to NEMO, and
> hopefully the next release of this draft will be a WG document.
> 
> As always, comments and bashing of this drafts are always welcomed.
> 
> /rgds
> /cwng



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Feb 23 01:38:36 2004
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Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:33:05 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Cc: eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Dear all,

By the way, the generic draft Goals and Benefits of Multihoming" has
been badly referenced into draft
draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt. Reference 6 should read:

   [6]  Ernst, T., "Goals and Benefits of Multihoming",
        draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00 (work in progress), 
        February 2004.

I recommend people interested in the multihoming discussion to read this
draft as it will serve as a basement to motivate the needs and benefits
for multihoming in NEMO. The draft lists a number of scenarios.  Some
scenarios apply to fixed nodes, while other apply to mobile nodes, or
fixed nodes in mobile networks, but usually all scenarios could apply to
either cases.  This is the reason why the document has not been
submitted to a particular WG.

As a result of this generic draft, all non NEMO-issues are expected to
be moved out of draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues; some non NEMO-specific
paragraphs may remain but will be removed as we improve both documents. 

Thierry.



On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:44:53 +0800
Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg> wrote:

> On Sun, 2004-02-22 at 23:46, Eun Kyoung Paik wrote:
> > Hi all,
> > 
> > As the result of last IETF meeting, we merged three of
> > multihoming related drafts into one.
> > 
> > http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
> > 
> > Your comments on this draft are welcome.
> > 
> > Regards,
> > Eun Kyoung
> 
> 
> Thank you, Eun-Kyoung.  
> 
> Like to take this opportunity to describe more on the changes to this
> draft.
> 
> Firstly, Eun-Kyoung's problem statement draft is merged to this draft,
> so she won't be releasing an update of her draft.
> 
> Secondly, we decided to combine effort with people working on
> multihoming issues in Mobile IPv6.  For this purpose, we released
> draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt.  This draft
> contains general description of multihoming, and listed the benefits of
> multihoming.  draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-04.txt uses this generic
> draft as a baseline, and discusses the NEMO specific issues.
> 
> Thirdly, we tried to shorten the draft.  Well, we managed to shorten the
> main text of the draft, by moving some sections to the appendix.  We
> felt that it is not necessary to list 3 different approaches to the
> taxonomy, and the WG largely is comfortable with the {w,x,y} (now called
> {x,y,z}) approach.
> 
> Our next task is to focus on the scenario that is relevant to NEMO, and
> hopefully the next release of this draft will be a WG document.
> 
> As always, comments and bashing of this drafts are always welcomed.
> 
> /rgds
> /cwng




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Feb 23 01:43:31 2004
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Dear all again,

Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg> wrote:
>  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
> Our next task is to focus on the scenario that is relevant to NEMO, and
> hopefully the next release of this draft will be a WG document.

Another point: I would like to raise this to the attention of the
working group. Now than multihoming drafts have been merged, we would
like to decide if the document as it is now corresponds to the needs of
the NEMO WG. If yes, it should become a WG document as we have said
in Minneapolis. 

We also expect feedback from the WG concerning the structure and content
of the document:
- any specific section you may consider useless
- any specific section you may consider missing
- etc.

Thank you,
Thierry.
 
 



From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Feb 23 01:45:27 2004
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To: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Dear all again,

Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg> wrote:
>  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
> Our next task is to focus on the scenario that is relevant to NEMO, and
> hopefully the next release of this draft will be a WG document.

Another point: I would like to raise this to the attention of the
working group. Now than multihoming drafts have been merged, we would
like to decide if the document as it is now corresponds to the needs of
the NEMO WG. If yes, it should become a WG document as we have said
in Minneapolis. 

We also expect feedback from the WG concerning the structure and content
of the document:
- any specific section you may consider useless
- any specific section you may consider missing
- etc.

Thank you,
Thierry.
 
 




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Mon Feb 23 11:12:30 2004
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From: Laurent Toutain <Laurent.Toutain@irisa.fr>
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Subject: [nemo] autoconfiguration with DHCPv6
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I'm not familiar with the network mobility vocabulary, I'm little 
confused but all NEMO acronyms (but I will learn
them I promise), but I was very interested by the 
draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt since it covers some
concerns we got in the late ZEROUTER BOF.It could be important to have 
solution that works either when
the MN is in its home network and away and with any kind of 
architecture, not only a single homed network.

I will compare this draft to the proposal we published sevral month away 
and that can be found at
http://internet.motlabs.com/zerouter/drafts/draft-chelius-router-autoconf-00.txt

If I understand the draft is for asking the HA to assign a prefix to the 
Mobile Network either when the MR is
at home or in a visiting network. I think this solution works well for a 
Mobile Network with only one MR, but it
will be very difficult to generalize it to Home Networking 
autoconfiguration (like DSLAC) for several reasons :

- in a home network, you may have several routers on a same link. In 
that case, all the routers will asks for a
prefix using DHCPv6 and you may have several prefixes for each link.

- in a home network, at least during the boot phase, it is not 
guaranteed that you have access to a DHCPv6
server since prefixes allocation and routing are not establish (it is 
not the case in NEMO, you assume a certain
stability in visited networks).
 

Laurent





From exim@www1.ietf.org  Mon Feb 23 11:13:54 2004
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From: Laurent Toutain <Laurent.Toutain@irisa.fr>
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Subject: [nemo] autoconfiguration with DHCPv6
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I'm not familiar with the network mobility vocabulary, I'm little 
confused but all NEMO acronyms (but I will learn
them I promise), but I was very interested by the 
draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt since it covers some
concerns we got in the late ZEROUTER BOF.It could be important to have 
solution that works either when
the MN is in its home network and away and with any kind of 
architecture, not only a single homed network.

I will compare this draft to the proposal we published sevral month away 
and that can be found at
http://internet.motlabs.com/zerouter/drafts/draft-chelius-router-autoconf-00.txt

If I understand the draft is for asking the HA to assign a prefix to the 
Mobile Network either when the MR is
at home or in a visiting network. I think this solution works well for a 
Mobile Network with only one MR, but it
will be very difficult to generalize it to Home Networking 
autoconfiguration (like DSLAC) for several reasons :

- in a home network, you may have several routers on a same link. In 
that case, all the routers will asks for a
prefix using DHCPv6 and you may have several prefixes for each link.

- in a home network, at least during the boot phase, it is not 
guaranteed that you have access to a DHCPv6
server since prefixes allocation and routing are not establish (it is 
not the case in NEMO, you assume a certain
stability in visited networks).
 

Laurent






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Tue Feb 24 07:21:35 2004
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CC: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>, eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
References: <20040223004618.A48134@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>	<1077504292.5628.45.camel@localhost> <20040223153820.10f6a14c.ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Hi Thierry,

Thierry Ernst wrote:
> Dear all again,
> 
> Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg> wrote:
> 
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
>>Our next task is to focus on the scenario that is relevant to NEMO, and
>>hopefully the next release of this draft will be a WG document.
> 
> 
> Another point: I would like to raise this to the attention of the
> working group. Now than multihoming drafts have been merged, we would
> like to decide if the document as it is now corresponds to the needs of
> the NEMO WG. If yes, it should become a WG document as we have said
> in Minneapolis. 

IMO this I-D should be made a WG doc.

I have a comment on chapter 5:

>    o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
> 
>       The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
>       routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
>       multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
>       prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
>       more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
> 
>       On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
>       (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
>       NEMO-specific problem.

As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
a specific default router.

Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.

/Mattias



This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.

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CC: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>, eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Hi Thierry,

Thierry Ernst wrote:
> Dear all again,
> 
> Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg> wrote:
> 
>> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt
>>Our next task is to focus on the scenario that is relevant to NEMO, and
>>hopefully the next release of this draft will be a WG document.
> 
> 
> Another point: I would like to raise this to the attention of the
> working group. Now than multihoming drafts have been merged, we would
> like to decide if the document as it is now corresponds to the needs of
> the NEMO WG. If yes, it should become a WG document as we have said
> in Minneapolis. 

IMO this I-D should be made a WG doc.

I have a comment on chapter 5:

>    o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
> 
>       The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
>       routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
>       multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
>       prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
>       more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
> 
>       On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
>       (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
>       NEMO-specific problem.

As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
a specific default router.

Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.

/Mattias



This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.

E-mail including attachments is susceptible to data corruption, interruption, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not liable for any such corruption, interception, amendment, tampering or viruses or any consequences thereof.





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Tue Feb 24 09:50:33 2004
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: nemo <nemo@ietf.org>
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# NEMO WG - 59th IETF Seoul - Monday 1st March 2004 9.00 AM
#
# WG Page: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
# All drafts available directly from http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
# or from the IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


o Agenda Bashing ............................................ 5 mins
  Chairs

o NEMO status and milestones ................................ 5 mins
  Chairs

o NEMO Basic Support Specification...........................10 mins
  TJ Kniveton

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-02.txt

  Issue List
  http://people.nokia.net/vijayd/nemo/issues.html

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - documnet status 
  - report on San Jose's Connectathlon (Feb.04) 
   
o NEMO Basic Support Usages .................................10 mins.

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Examples of Basic NEMO Usage
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.txt

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - make draft-thubert a WG doc
  - agree on the exact content of the document

o Threat in NEMO Basic Support...............................10 mins

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Threats for Basic Network Mobility Support (NEMO threats)
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-petrescu-nemo-threats-01.txt

  Threat Analysis for NEMO
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - how to proceed to have a WG document


o Prefix Delegation..........................................10 mins
  
  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~ 
  DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt


o Multihoming Pb Statement...................................30 mins
  Nicolas Montavont, ChanWah Ng, EunKyoung Paik

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Goals and Benefits of Multihoming   
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt

  Multihoming Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - make draft-ng a WG doc
  - agree on exact content of WG doc

o Threat in multihoming......................................10 mins
  Seongho Cho

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Threat for Multi-homed Mobile Networks
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt


o NEMO Terminology Upates .................................. 10 mins
  Thierry Ernst

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Network Mobility Support Terminology
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt
 
  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - document should go to last call
  - do we keep the multihoming and 'nested + multihoming' examples
  within this document ?


o NEMO Goals and Requirements Update  ....................... 5 mins
  Thierry Ernst

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-02.txt

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - document should go to last call
  - is section 5 "NEMO Basic Support One-liner Requirements" still
  meaningful ?


o IPR........................................................10 mins
  TJ

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Guidelines for Working Groups on Intellectual Property Issues (RFC3669)
  http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3669.txt?number=3669


o Analysis of the Solution Space for Route Optimization......10 mins

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Several solution drafts have been submitted last year (see below)

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - at this point, we don't intent to speak about solutions, but only
  the problem statement and analysis of the solution space.

  - how are we going to proceed with this item ?


o Conclusion and next steps.................................. 5 mins




  
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Other Internet Drafts Recently Submitted to the NEMO WG
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Inter Home Agents Protocol (HAHA)
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-01.txt

Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement for nested mobile networks
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-hmra-00.txt

ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-02.txt

Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt

Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-02.txt

Issues in Designing Mobile IPv6 Network Mobility
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-petrescu-nemo-mrha-03.txt

Laboratory and "Field" Experiments with IPv6 Mobile Networks in Vehicular Environments
October 03     
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-01.txt
    
ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network 
Feb.04
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-02.txt

Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network  based on Prefix Delegation   
Feb.04
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-02.txt

Secure Nested Tunnels Optimization using Nested Path Information 
Sept.03                                  
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-na-nemo-nested-path-info-00.txt

HMIP based Route optimization method in a mobile network
Oct.03
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ohnishi-nemo-ro-hmip-00.txt
  
Mobile Network Prefix Delegation extension for Mobile IPv6 
March 03 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-paakkonen-nemo-prefix-delegation-00.txt
    
IPv6 Reverse Routing Header and its application to Mobile Networks
Feb. 04
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-reverse-routing-header-04.txt
  

# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Related Documents Useful for Today's Meeting
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Goals and Benefits of Multihoming
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt

IPv6 addressing in a heterogeneous MANET-network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-paakkonen-addressing-htr-manet-00.txt

  

# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Older Draft Submitted to the NEMO WG (expired)
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

- draft-thubert-nemo-ipv4-traversal-01.txt (expired)
  IPv4 traversal for MIPv6 based Mobile Routers
  May 03

- http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-perera-nemo-extended-00.txt
  Extended Network Mobility Support (expired)

- draft-hkang-nemo-ro-tlmr-00.txt (expired)
  Route Optimization for Mobile Network by Using Bi-directional 
  Between Home Agent and Top Level Mobile Router 
  June 03

    
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# WG Milestones
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

o Former milestones as currently shown on the web:
1. Mar 03    	Submit terminology and requirements documents (for Basic support).
2. May 03    	Submit Threat analysis and security requirements for NEMO.
3. Aug 03    	Submit solution for basic support to IESG.
4. Nov 03    	Submit MIB for Basic support to the IESG.
5. Mar 04    	Submit the analysis of the solution space for route optimization.
6. Jun 04    	Shut down or recharter the WG to solve the route optimization.


o New milestones as the web page should show very soon:
1. DONE 	Submit WG draft -00 on Terminology and Requirements (for Basic Support)
3. DONE    	Submit NEMO Basic Support to IESG
2. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Threat Analysis and Security Requirements for NEMO.
7. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Multihoming Problem Statement
8. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on NEMO Basic Support Usages
9. Apr 04	Submit Terminology as Informational to IETG
10 Apr 04	Submit Goals and Requirements as Informational to IESG
11 Apr 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Prefix Delegation for NEMO
4. May 04       Submit WG draft -00 on MIB for NEMO Basic Support
5. Jun 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Analysis of the Solution Space for Route Optimization
6. Aug 04	Shut down or recharter the WG to solve route optimization



  



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Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 23:46:12 +0900
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# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# NEMO WG - 59th IETF Seoul - Monday 1st March 2004 9.00 AM
#
# WG Page: http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
# All drafts available directly from http://www.mobilenetworks.org/nemo/
# or from the IETF web page: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


o Agenda Bashing ............................................ 5 mins
  Chairs

o NEMO status and milestones ................................ 5 mins
  Chairs

o NEMO Basic Support Specification...........................10 mins
  TJ Kniveton

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support Protocol
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-basic-support-02.txt

  Issue List
  http://people.nokia.net/vijayd/nemo/issues.html

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - documnet status 
  - report on San Jose's Connectathlon (Feb.04) 
   
o NEMO Basic Support Usages .................................10 mins.

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Examples of Basic NEMO Usage
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-basic-usages-01.txt

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - make draft-thubert a WG doc
  - agree on the exact content of the document

o Threat in NEMO Basic Support...............................10 mins

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Threats for Basic Network Mobility Support (NEMO threats)
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-petrescu-nemo-threats-01.txt

  Threat Analysis for NEMO
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-01.txt

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - how to proceed to have a WG document


o Prefix Delegation..........................................10 mins
  
  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~ 
  DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation for NEMO
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt


o Multihoming Pb Statement...................................30 mins
  Nicolas Montavont, ChanWah Ng, EunKyoung Paik

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Goals and Benefits of Multihoming   
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt

  Multihoming Issues in Bi-Directional Tunneling
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-03.txt

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - make draft-ng a WG doc
  - agree on exact content of WG doc

o Threat in multihoming......................................10 mins
  Seongho Cho

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Threat for Multi-homed Mobile Networks
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-threat-multihoming-00.txt


o NEMO Terminology Upates .................................. 10 mins
  Thierry Ernst

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Network Mobility Support Terminology
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt
 
  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - document should go to last call
  - do we keep the multihoming and 'nested + multihoming' examples
  within this document ?


o NEMO Goals and Requirements Update  ....................... 5 mins
  Thierry Ernst

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Network Mobility Support Goals and Requirements
  http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-02.txt

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - document should go to last call
  - is section 5 "NEMO Basic Support One-liner Requirements" still
  meaningful ?


o IPR........................................................10 mins
  TJ

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Guidelines for Working Groups on Intellectual Property Issues (RFC3669)
  http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3669.txt?number=3669


o Analysis of the Solution Space for Route Optimization......10 mins

  To be read:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~
  Several solution drafts have been submitted last year (see below)

  To be discussed:
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  - at this point, we don't intent to speak about solutions, but only
  the problem statement and analysis of the solution space.

  - how are we going to proceed with this item ?


o Conclusion and next steps.................................. 5 mins




  
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Other Internet Drafts Recently Submitted to the NEMO WG
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Inter Home Agents Protocol (HAHA)
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-wakikawa-mip6-nemo-haha-01.txt

Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement for nested mobile networks
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-hmra-00.txt

ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-02.txt

Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt

Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-02.txt

Issues in Designing Mobile IPv6 Network Mobility
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-petrescu-nemo-mrha-03.txt

Laboratory and "Field" Experiments with IPv6 Mobile Networks in Vehicular Environments
October 03     
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-lach-nemo-experiments-overdrive-01.txt
    
ND-Proxy based Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network 
Feb.04
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-jeong-nemo-ro-ndproxy-02.txt

Route Optimization for Mobile Nodes in Mobile Network  based on Prefix Delegation   
Feb.04
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-leekj-nemo-ro-pd-02.txt

Secure Nested Tunnels Optimization using Nested Path Information 
Sept.03                                  
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-na-nemo-nested-path-info-00.txt

HMIP based Route optimization method in a mobile network
Oct.03
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ohnishi-nemo-ro-hmip-00.txt
  
Mobile Network Prefix Delegation extension for Mobile IPv6 
March 03 
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-paakkonen-nemo-prefix-delegation-00.txt
    
IPv6 Reverse Routing Header and its application to Mobile Networks
Feb. 04
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-reverse-routing-header-04.txt
  

# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Related Documents Useful for Today's Meeting
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Goals and Benefits of Multihoming
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-multihoming-generic-goals-and-benefits-00.txt

IPv6 addressing in a heterogeneous MANET-network
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-paakkonen-addressing-htr-manet-00.txt

  

# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# Older Draft Submitted to the NEMO WG (expired)
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

- draft-thubert-nemo-ipv4-traversal-01.txt (expired)
  IPv4 traversal for MIPv6 based Mobile Routers
  May 03

- http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-perera-nemo-extended-00.txt
  Extended Network Mobility Support (expired)

- draft-hkang-nemo-ro-tlmr-00.txt (expired)
  Route Optimization for Mobile Network by Using Bi-directional 
  Between Home Agent and Top Level Mobile Router 
  June 03

    
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# WG Milestones
# ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

o Former milestones as currently shown on the web:
1. Mar 03    	Submit terminology and requirements documents (for Basic support).
2. May 03    	Submit Threat analysis and security requirements for NEMO.
3. Aug 03    	Submit solution for basic support to IESG.
4. Nov 03    	Submit MIB for Basic support to the IESG.
5. Mar 04    	Submit the analysis of the solution space for route optimization.
6. Jun 04    	Shut down or recharter the WG to solve the route optimization.


o New milestones as the web page should show very soon:
1. DONE 	Submit WG draft -00 on Terminology and Requirements (for Basic Support)
3. DONE    	Submit NEMO Basic Support to IESG
2. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Threat Analysis and Security Requirements for NEMO.
7. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Multihoming Problem Statement
8. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on NEMO Basic Support Usages
9. Apr 04	Submit Terminology as Informational to IETG
10 Apr 04	Submit Goals and Requirements as Informational to IESG
11 Apr 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Prefix Delegation for NEMO
4. May 04       Submit WG draft -00 on MIB for NEMO Basic Support
5. Jun 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Analysis of the Solution Space for Route Optimization
6. Aug 04	Shut down or recharter the WG to solve route optimization



  




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Feb 25 00:38:34 2004
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Cc: cwng@psl.com.sg, eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Hi Mattias,

Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com> wrote:
> IMO this I-D should be made a WG doc.

With the content as is ?

> I have a comment on chapter 5:
> 
> >    o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
> > 
> >       The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
> >       routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
> >       multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
> >       prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
> >       more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
> > 
> >       On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
> >       (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
> >       NEMO-specific problem.
> 
> As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
> don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
> different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
> prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
> behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
> all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
> put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
> router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
> a specific default router.
> 
> Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
> IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.

IMHO, it depends on what scenarios we consider useful or not (this is
unfortunately still an open question). Then, based on the conclusion of
what scenerios are useful, we may prioritize the work if one particular
scenario is cumbersome to handle. But I wouldn't decide not to allow  a
scenario just based on the fact it may be difficult to handle. The
question is "will people want such kind of configuration". My personal
opinion is that they would, and as such we shouldn't disallow it.

Thierry.



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Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:34:39 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Cc: cwng@psl.com.sg, eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr, nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Hi Mattias,

Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com> wrote:
> IMO this I-D should be made a WG doc.

With the content as is ?

> I have a comment on chapter 5:
> 
> >    o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
> > 
> >       The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
> >       routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
> >       multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
> >       prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
> >       more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
> > 
> >       On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
> >       (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
> >       NEMO-specific problem.
> 
> As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
> don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
> different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
> prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
> behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
> all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
> put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
> router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
> a specific default router.
> 
> Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
> IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.

IMHO, it depends on what scenarios we consider useful or not (this is
unfortunately still an open question). Then, based on the conclusion of
what scenerios are useful, we may prioritize the work if one particular
scenario is cumbersome to handle. But I wouldn't decide not to allow  a
scenario just based on the fact it may be difficult to handle. The
question is "will people want such kind of configuration". My personal
opinion is that they would, and as such we shouldn't disallow it.

Thierry.




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Hello,

I didn't realize that Pascal did not forward this to the NEMO ML... or
perhaps he did, but I couldn't find it in my own archive.  So, there you
guys go.  Apologize if it is a duplicate.  

This draft gives an analysis of the possible RO Solution Space in NEMO. 
It is our intention (well, at least mine) that this draft be considered
as a starting point for the RO Solution Space Analysis, which is a
milestone in the WG charter.

Comments are always welcome.

/rgds
/cwng


-----Forwarded Message-----
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:37:32 -0500

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
	Author(s)	: P. Thubert, M. Molteni, C. Ng
	Filename	: draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt
	Pages		: 20
	Date		: 2004-2-17
	
Nemo enables Mobile Networks by extending Mobile IP to support Mobile
Routers.  This paper documents how the MIPv6 concept of Route
Optimization can to be adapted for Nemo to optimize:
1) the nested tunnels of the nested Nemo configuration
2) router-to-router within the infrastructure as opposed to end-to-
end.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt

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Hello,

I didn't realize that Pascal did not forward this to the NEMO ML... or
perhaps he did, but I couldn't find it in my own archive.  So, there you
guys go.  Apologize if it is a duplicate.  

This draft gives an analysis of the possible RO Solution Space in NEMO. 
It is our intention (well, at least mine) that this draft be considered
as a starting point for the RO Solution Space Analysis, which is a
milestone in the WG charter.

Comments are always welcome.

/rgds
/cwng


-----Forwarded Message-----
From: Internet-Drafts@ietf.org
Subject: I-D ACTION:draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:37:32 -0500

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: Taxonomy of Route Optimization models in the Nemo Context
	Author(s)	: P. Thubert, M. Molteni, C. Ng
	Filename	: draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt
	Pages		: 20
	Date		: 2004-2-17
	
Nemo enables Mobile Networks by extending Mobile IP to support Mobile
Routers.  This paper documents how the MIPv6 concept of Route
Optimization can to be adapted for Nemo to optimize:
1) the nested tunnels of the nested Nemo configuration
2) router-to-router within the infrastructure as opposed to end-to-
end.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt

To remove yourself from the IETF Announcement list, send a message to 
ietf-announce-request with the word unsubscribe in the body of the message.

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Hello Mattias

On Tue, 2004-02-24 at 20:16, Mattias Pettersson wrote:

> IMO this I-D should be made a WG doc.
> 

Thank you for supporting this ;)


> I have a comment on chapter 5:
> 
> >    o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
> > 
> >       The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
> >       routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
> >       multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
> >       prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
> >       more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
> > 
> >       On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
> >       (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
> >       NEMO-specific problem.
> 
> As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
> don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
> different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
> prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
> behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
> all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
> put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
> router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
> a specific default router.
> 

Alternatively, the routers can silently re-distribute these packets
among themselves, thus shifting the burden of any requirements to the
mobile routers instead.

> Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
> IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.
> 

I am more towards agreeing with Thierry on this.  We would have to
determine the requirements based on the benefits it brings.  If the
benefits is great enough, then we shall strive to solve the problem.

/rgds
/cwng




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Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Cc: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        Eun Kyoung Paik <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hello Mattias

On Tue, 2004-02-24 at 20:16, Mattias Pettersson wrote:

> IMO this I-D should be made a WG doc.
> 

Thank you for supporting this ;)


> I have a comment on chapter 5:
> 
> >    o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
> > 
> >       The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
> >       routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
> >       multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
> >       prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
> >       more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
> > 
> >       On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
> >       (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
> >       NEMO-specific problem.
> 
> As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
> don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
> different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
> prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
> behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
> all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
> put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
> router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
> a specific default router.
> 

Alternatively, the routers can silently re-distribute these packets
among themselves, thus shifting the burden of any requirements to the
mobile routers instead.

> Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
> IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.
> 

I am more towards agreeing with Thierry on this.  We would have to
determine the requirements based on the benefits it brings.  If the
benefits is great enough, then we shall strive to solve the problem.

/rgds
/cwng





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Thierry Ernst wrote:
> Hi Mattias,
> 
> Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com> wrote:
> 
>>IMO this I-D should be made a WG doc.
> 
> 
> With the content as is ?

Why not? What do others think? We need a doc about MH for NEMO.

> 
> 
>>I have a comment on chapter 5:
>>
>>
>>>   o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
>>>
>>>      The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
>>>      routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
>>>      multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
>>>      prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
>>>      more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
>>>
>>>      On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
>>>      (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
>>>      NEMO-specific problem.
>>
>>As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
>>don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
>>different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
>>prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
>>behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
>>all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
>>put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
>>router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
>>a specific default router.
>>
>>Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
>>IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.
> 
> 
> IMHO, it depends on what scenarios we consider useful or not (this is
> unfortunately still an open question). Then, based on the conclusion of
> what scenerios are useful, we may prioritize the work if one particular
> scenario is cumbersome to handle. But I wouldn't decide not to allow  a
> scenario just based on the fact it may be difficult to handle. The
> question is "will people want such kind of configuration". My personal
> opinion is that they would, and as such we shouldn't disallow it.

Thierry, Chan-Wah [I answer you both here],

It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work. 
Either the MRs or the MNNs.

To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get connectivity 
in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as 
draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.

So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify 
the MR? It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to 
introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG 
earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view! 
The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO 
and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that 
model just to allow a variant of a scenario?

/Mattias


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Thierry Ernst wrote:
> Hi Mattias,
> 
> Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com> wrote:
> 
>>IMO this I-D should be made a WG doc.
> 
> 
> With the content as is ?

Why not? What do others think? We need a doc about MH for NEMO.

> 
> 
>>I have a comment on chapter 5:
>>
>>
>>>   o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
>>>
>>>      The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
>>>      routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
>>>      multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
>>>      prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
>>>      more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
>>>
>>>      On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
>>>      (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
>>>      NEMO-specific problem.
>>
>>As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
>>don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
>>different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
>>prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
>>behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
>>all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
>>put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
>>router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
>>a specific default router.
>>
>>Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
>>IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.
> 
> 
> IMHO, it depends on what scenarios we consider useful or not (this is
> unfortunately still an open question). Then, based on the conclusion of
> what scenerios are useful, we may prioritize the work if one particular
> scenario is cumbersome to handle. But I wouldn't decide not to allow  a
> scenario just based on the fact it may be difficult to handle. The
> question is "will people want such kind of configuration". My personal
> opinion is that they would, and as such we shouldn't disallow it.

Thierry, Chan-Wah [I answer you both here],

It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work. 
Either the MRs or the MNNs.

To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get connectivity 
in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as 
draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.

So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify 
the MR? It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to 
introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG 
earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view! 
The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO 
and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that 
model just to allow a variant of a scenario?

/Mattias


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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Mattias Pettersson" <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>,
        "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:47:03 +0100
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> It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work.
> Either the MRs or the MNNs.

Perhaps in the case of multiple prefixes, the dirty work has to be carried
by the Home Network Site Exit routers?

>
> To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get connectivity
> in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as
> draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.

Fully agree with the first statement.
But Host centric (draft-huitema-multi6-hosts) approach allows exactly this
for multihomed network.

That is, that a regular IPv6 host is connected to the multihomed network and
still works properly.
Clearly, there some benefits, like preserving established communications
through outages, that it will not be able to obtain, but at least it will
work fine and its operation won't be disturbed because of multihoming.

>
> So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify
> the MR?

I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though

> It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
> introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
> earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view!

Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not specific to nemo.
I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it also has to be
updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.

Regards, marcelo

> The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO
> and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that
> model just to allow a variant of a scenario?
>
> /Mattias
>
>
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the
> addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
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> this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.
>
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> we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not
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Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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> It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work.
> Either the MRs or the MNNs.

Perhaps in the case of multiple prefixes, the dirty work has to be carried
by the Home Network Site Exit routers?

>
> To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get connectivity
> in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as
> draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.

Fully agree with the first statement.
But Host centric (draft-huitema-multi6-hosts) approach allows exactly this
for multihomed network.

That is, that a regular IPv6 host is connected to the multihomed network and
still works properly.
Clearly, there some benefits, like preserving established communications
through outages, that it will not be able to obtain, but at least it will
work fine and its operation won't be disturbed because of multihoming.

>
> So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify
> the MR?

I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though

> It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
> introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
> earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view!

Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not specific to nemo.
I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it also has to be
updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.

Regards, marcelo

> The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO
> and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that
> model just to allow a variant of a scenario?
>
> /Mattias
>
>
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the
> addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
> distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been
> sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to
> this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.
>
> E-mail including attachments is susceptible to data corruption,
> interruption, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and
> we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not
> liable for any such corruption, interception, amendment,
> tampering or viruses or any consequences thereof.
>
>





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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Mattias Pettersson" <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>,
        "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Cc: "Chan-Wah NG" <cwng@psl.com.sg>, <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Hi Mattias,


> As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we
> don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise
> different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same
> prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on
> behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and
> all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to
> put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit
> router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to
> a specific default router.

Well, i wouldn't say that the MNN have to select the appropriate prefix in
order to send to a specific default router, but IMHO it is clear that in
order to deal with ingress filtering, the prefix included in the source
address will have to match with the selected ISP (if not the packet is
discarded)
So, IMHO not a specific prefix per default router but a prefix per isp.

One possible way to match a prefix with an isp could be to use a different
default route, but i don't really think that would be a good option, since
it would impose several restrictions on the topology, but this is still  on
discussion i guess.

So, i agree that a different prefix per default router doesn't seems
appealing for now at least, but something that allows to match a prefix with
an exit isp is required.

I have an additional question about this draft:

Why do you consider that a mobile network that has several prefixes is
multihomed.
I mean, i would say that a natural case for this is that the Home network is
multihomed, but not really the Mobile Network.
In this case, i guess that there is nothing NEMO specific, only that general
multi6 solutions have to be supported.

Am i missing something? ( i haven't been around for long, so i have missed
previous discussions on this topic)

Regards, marcelo

>
> Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in
> IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.
>
> /Mattias
>
>
>
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the
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> this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.
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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Feb 25 07:39:27 2004
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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Mattias Pettersson" <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>,
        "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Cc: "Chan-Wah NG" <cwng@psl.com.sg>, <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Hi Mattias,


> As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we
> don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise
> different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same
> prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on
> behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and
> all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to
> put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit
> router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to
> a specific default router.

Well, i wouldn't say that the MNN have to select the appropriate prefix in
order to send to a specific default router, but IMHO it is clear that in
order to deal with ingress filtering, the prefix included in the source
address will have to match with the selected ISP (if not the packet is
discarded)
So, IMHO not a specific prefix per default router but a prefix per isp.

One possible way to match a prefix with an isp could be to use a different
default route, but i don't really think that would be a good option, since
it would impose several restrictions on the topology, but this is still  on
discussion i guess.

So, i agree that a different prefix per default router doesn't seems
appealing for now at least, but something that allows to match a prefix with
an exit isp is required.

I have an additional question about this draft:

Why do you consider that a mobile network that has several prefixes is
multihomed.
I mean, i would say that a natural case for this is that the Home network is
multihomed, but not really the Mobile Network.
In this case, i guess that there is nothing NEMO specific, only that general
multi6 solutions have to be supported.

Am i missing something? ( i haven't been around for long, so i have missed
previous discussions on this topic)

Regards, marcelo

>
> Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in
> IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.
>
> /Mattias
>
>
>
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the
> addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
> distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been
> sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to
> this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.
>
> E-mail including attachments is susceptible to data corruption,
> interruption, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and
> we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not
> liable for any such corruption, interception, amendment,
> tampering or viruses or any consequences thereof.
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>




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Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Hi Marcelo,

marcelo bagnulo wrote:
> 
>>It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work.
>>Either the MRs or the MNNs.
> 
> 
> Perhaps in the case of multiple prefixes, the dirty work has to be carried
> by the Home Network Site Exit routers?

Oh yes. I was thinking of scenario N,N,N where all MRs are very independent.

> 
> 
>>To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get connectivity
>>in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as
>>draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.
> 
> 
> Fully agree with the first statement.
> But Host centric (draft-huitema-multi6-hosts) approach allows exactly this
> for multihomed network.
> 
> That is, that a regular IPv6 host is connected to the multihomed network and
> still works properly.
> Clearly, there some benefits, like preserving established communications
> through outages, that it will not be able to obtain, but at least it will
> work fine and its operation won't be disturbed because of multihoming.
> 

Yes, that is a requirement. But the NEMO-MH here tries to take the 
requirements a step further than what multi6 does. If the MNN sends its 
traffic to the wrong default router/MR it will be dropped due to ingress 
filtering policies when checking the source address.

At least draft-huitema-multi6-hosts doesn't require legacy IPv6 hosts to 
have to send to the correct default router, because the sites are often 
arranged so that the hosts are not on the same link as the site exit 
routers. An intermediate router can inspect the source address and send 
it off to the right site exit router. If there is no intermediate 
router, then at least the site exit routers cooperate.

And this is not even a matter of multihoming to survive outages. The MNN 
won't be able to communicate unless it by luck selects the correct 
source address for the DR it has chosen.

> 
>>So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify
>>the MR?
> 
> 
> I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
> Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though
> 
> 
>>It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
>>introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
>>earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view!
> 
> 
> Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not specific to nemo.
> I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
> benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it also has to be
> updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.
> 

As far as I know nobody will build a fixed network that is broken, 
meaning that router R1 advertises P1 only and R2 advertises P2 only and 
they only forward traffic using the respectively derived addresses. But 
this seems to me what we're suggesting for NEMO to do. And I don't 
support that idea.

IMHO this NEMO scenario breaks the ND model and general MH approaches 
don't do that.

/Mattias

> Regards, marcelo
> 
> 
>>The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO
>>and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that
>>model just to allow a variant of a scenario?
>>
>>/Mattias
>>
> 
> 


This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.

E-mail including attachments is susceptible to data corruption, interruption, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not liable for any such corruption, interception, amendment, tampering or viruses or any consequences thereof.




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Hi Marcelo,

marcelo bagnulo wrote:
> 
>>It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work.
>>Either the MRs or the MNNs.
> 
> 
> Perhaps in the case of multiple prefixes, the dirty work has to be carried
> by the Home Network Site Exit routers?

Oh yes. I was thinking of scenario N,N,N where all MRs are very independent.

> 
> 
>>To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get connectivity
>>in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as
>>draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.
> 
> 
> Fully agree with the first statement.
> But Host centric (draft-huitema-multi6-hosts) approach allows exactly this
> for multihomed network.
> 
> That is, that a regular IPv6 host is connected to the multihomed network and
> still works properly.
> Clearly, there some benefits, like preserving established communications
> through outages, that it will not be able to obtain, but at least it will
> work fine and its operation won't be disturbed because of multihoming.
> 

Yes, that is a requirement. But the NEMO-MH here tries to take the 
requirements a step further than what multi6 does. If the MNN sends its 
traffic to the wrong default router/MR it will be dropped due to ingress 
filtering policies when checking the source address.

At least draft-huitema-multi6-hosts doesn't require legacy IPv6 hosts to 
have to send to the correct default router, because the sites are often 
arranged so that the hosts are not on the same link as the site exit 
routers. An intermediate router can inspect the source address and send 
it off to the right site exit router. If there is no intermediate 
router, then at least the site exit routers cooperate.

And this is not even a matter of multihoming to survive outages. The MNN 
won't be able to communicate unless it by luck selects the correct 
source address for the DR it has chosen.

> 
>>So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify
>>the MR?
> 
> 
> I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
> Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though
> 
> 
>>It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
>>introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
>>earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view!
> 
> 
> Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not specific to nemo.
> I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
> benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it also has to be
> updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.
> 

As far as I know nobody will build a fixed network that is broken, 
meaning that router R1 advertises P1 only and R2 advertises P2 only and 
they only forward traffic using the respectively derived addresses. But 
this seems to me what we're suggesting for NEMO to do. And I don't 
support that idea.

IMHO this NEMO scenario breaks the ND model and general MH approaches 
don't do that.

/Mattias

> Regards, marcelo
> 
> 
>>The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO
>>and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that
>>model just to allow a variant of a scenario?
>>
>>/Mattias
>>
> 
> 


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Chan-Wah NG wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> I didn't realize that Pascal did not forward this to the NEMO ML... or
> perhaps he did, but I couldn't find it in my own archive.  So, there you
> guys go.  Apologize if it is a duplicate.  
> 
> This draft gives an analysis of the possible RO Solution Space in NEMO. 
> It is our intention (well, at least mine) that this draft be considered
> as a starting point for the RO Solution Space Analysis, which is a
> milestone in the WG charter.
> 
> Comments are always welcome.
> 

Short comment: chapter 1-5 and 7 are very good and they reflect what we 
now know and I agree on them. But chapter 6 is difficult to grasp and I 
would prefer it to be more elaborate. Simply more text and an easier 
level. Chapter 7 doesn't summarise anything from chapter 6, shouldn't it?

/Mattias



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Chan-Wah NG wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> I didn't realize that Pascal did not forward this to the NEMO ML... or
> perhaps he did, but I couldn't find it in my own archive.  So, there you
> guys go.  Apologize if it is a duplicate.  
> 
> This draft gives an analysis of the possible RO Solution Space in NEMO. 
> It is our intention (well, at least mine) that this draft be considered
> as a starting point for the RO Solution Space Analysis, which is a
> milestone in the WG charter.
> 
> Comments are always welcome.
> 

Short comment: chapter 1-5 and 7 are very good and they reflect what we 
now know and I agree on them. But chapter 6 is difficult to grasp and I 
would prefer it to be more elaborate. Simply more text and an easier 
level. Chapter 7 doesn't summarise anything from chapter 6, shouldn't it?

/Mattias



This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Feb 25 14:01:30 2004
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> Yes, that is a requirement. But the NEMO-MH here tries to take the
> requirements a step further than what multi6 does. If the MNN sends its
> traffic to the wrong default router/MR it will be dropped due to ingress
> filtering policies when checking the source address.

Well, i don't see any need for that. Moreover, i think this imposes
important requirements to the topology of the mobile network, I mean, if you
associate a prefix to a default router, you basically have to have two
different disjoint paths to each one of the prefix, i guess, without any
common router.
so i guess i agree with you, i don't think that a prefix should be linked to
a default router.
I would consider to work in the general case, where a default router can
handle all the prefixes.

>
> At least draft-huitema-multi6-hosts doesn't require legacy IPv6 hosts to
> have to send to the correct default router, because the sites are often
> arranged so that the hosts are not on the same link as the site exit
> routers. An intermediate router can inspect the source address and send
> it off to the right site exit router.


that is one of the options.
The other option is that the host itsef knows about which exit router to
use.
The other option is what you mention next, i.e. cooperation between exit
routers.


> If there is no intermediate
> router, then at least the site exit routers cooperate.
>
> And this is not even a matter of multihoming to survive outages. The MNN
> won't be able to communicate unless it by luck selects the correct
> source address for the DR it has chosen.

This is also the case in any multihomed network, mobile or fixed, since
iwhen there are multiple prefixes available, it has to select the one that
matches with the ISP through which the packet will be carried.

that is why i was asking why do you think that the multiple prefix case has
something NEMO specific.

I would say that fixed multihoming solutions should deal with this case,
just as any other part of the Home Network, (which is actually the
multihomed network in this case, not the mobile network, as far as i can
see)

>
> >
> >>So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify
> >>the MR?
> >
> >
> > I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
> > Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though
> >
> >
> >>It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
> >>introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
> >>earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view!
> >
> >
> > Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not
> specific to nemo.
> > I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
> > benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it
> also has to be
> > updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.
> >
>
> As far as I know nobody will build a fixed network that is broken,
> meaning that router R1 advertises P1 only and R2 advertises P2 only and
> they only forward traffic using the respectively derived addresses. But
> this seems to me what we're suggesting for NEMO to do. And I don't
> support that idea.
>

i agree with your pov (i think)

But a similar problems remain in multihomed networks in general which is
related to ingress filtering and how to select the apropriate source address
when the hosts have multiple addresses. But again, this is not NEMO
specific, as far as i can see.

regards, marcelo

> IMHO this NEMO scenario breaks the ND model and general MH approaches
> don't do that.
>
> /Mattias
>
> > Regards, marcelo
> >
> >
> >>The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO
> >>and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that
> >>model just to allow a variant of a scenario?
> >>
> >>/Mattias
> >>
> >
> >
>
>
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the
> addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or
> distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been
> sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to
> this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.
>
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> interruption, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and
> we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not
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>




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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Mattias Pettersson" <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Cc: "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, <cwng@psl.com.sg>,
        <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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> Yes, that is a requirement. But the NEMO-MH here tries to take the
> requirements a step further than what multi6 does. If the MNN sends its
> traffic to the wrong default router/MR it will be dropped due to ingress
> filtering policies when checking the source address.

Well, i don't see any need for that. Moreover, i think this imposes
important requirements to the topology of the mobile network, I mean, if you
associate a prefix to a default router, you basically have to have two
different disjoint paths to each one of the prefix, i guess, without any
common router.
so i guess i agree with you, i don't think that a prefix should be linked to
a default router.
I would consider to work in the general case, where a default router can
handle all the prefixes.

>
> At least draft-huitema-multi6-hosts doesn't require legacy IPv6 hosts to
> have to send to the correct default router, because the sites are often
> arranged so that the hosts are not on the same link as the site exit
> routers. An intermediate router can inspect the source address and send
> it off to the right site exit router.


that is one of the options.
The other option is that the host itsef knows about which exit router to
use.
The other option is what you mention next, i.e. cooperation between exit
routers.


> If there is no intermediate
> router, then at least the site exit routers cooperate.
>
> And this is not even a matter of multihoming to survive outages. The MNN
> won't be able to communicate unless it by luck selects the correct
> source address for the DR it has chosen.

This is also the case in any multihomed network, mobile or fixed, since
iwhen there are multiple prefixes available, it has to select the one that
matches with the ISP through which the packet will be carried.

that is why i was asking why do you think that the multiple prefix case has
something NEMO specific.

I would say that fixed multihoming solutions should deal with this case,
just as any other part of the Home Network, (which is actually the
multihomed network in this case, not the mobile network, as far as i can
see)

>
> >
> >>So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify
> >>the MR?
> >
> >
> > I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
> > Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though
> >
> >
> >>It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
> >>introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
> >>earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view!
> >
> >
> > Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not
> specific to nemo.
> > I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
> > benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it
> also has to be
> > updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.
> >
>
> As far as I know nobody will build a fixed network that is broken,
> meaning that router R1 advertises P1 only and R2 advertises P2 only and
> they only forward traffic using the respectively derived addresses. But
> this seems to me what we're suggesting for NEMO to do. And I don't
> support that idea.
>

i agree with your pov (i think)

But a similar problems remain in multihomed networks in general which is
related to ingress filtering and how to select the apropriate source address
when the hosts have multiple addresses. But again, this is not NEMO
specific, as far as i can see.

regards, marcelo

> IMHO this NEMO scenario breaks the ND model and general MH approaches
> don't do that.
>
> /Mattias
>
> > Regards, marcelo
> >
> >
> >>The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO
> >>and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that
> >>model just to allow a variant of a scenario?
> >>
> >>/Mattias
> >>
> >
> >
>
>
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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Feb 25 21:56:31 2004
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Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es
Cc: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>,
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Hello Marcelo,

On Wed, 2004-02-25 at 19:47, marcelo bagnulo wrote:
> Hi Mattias,
> 
> 
> > As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we
> > don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise
> > different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same
> > prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on
> > behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and
> > all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to
> > put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit
> > router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to
> > a specific default router.
> 
> Well, i wouldn't say that the MNN have to select the appropriate prefix in
> order to send to a specific default router, but IMHO it is clear that in
> order to deal with ingress filtering, the prefix included in the source
> address will have to match with the selected ISP (if not the packet is
> discarded)
> So, IMHO not a specific prefix per default router but a prefix per isp.
> 
> One possible way to match a prefix with an isp could be to use a different
> default route, but i don't really think that would be a good option, since
> it would impose several restrictions on the topology, but this is still  on
> discussion i guess.
> 
> So, i agree that a different prefix per default router doesn't seems
> appealing for now at least, but something that allows to match a prefix with
> an exit isp is required.
> 
> I have an additional question about this draft:
> 
> Why do you consider that a mobile network that has several prefixes is
> multihomed.

In this case, it is not the mobile network that is multihomed, but the
MNN is multihomed.  And MR shouldn't prevent it (as per
draft-ietf-nemo-requirements)

> I mean, i would say that a natural case for this is that the Home network is
> multihomed, but not really the Mobile Network.
> In this case, i guess that there is nothing NEMO specific, only that general
> multi6 solutions have to be supported.
> 

In a fixed network, as you or Mattias mentioned in an earlier post, no
administrator would be crazy enough to build a network, configured it
with multiple prefixes but have each router handles only one prefix and
discards packets with source addresses from the other prefixes.

In NEMO, this scenario becomes possible.  Consider two NEMOs coming
together, or a NEMO with two MRs, each subscribing to services from
different ISPs.

It may not be NEMO-specific, depending on your interpretation of
"NEMO-specific".  But IMHO its clear that NEMO make the problem more
"real".

The draft's objective to raise the readers' awareness to this kind of
problems.  Having done that, if the WG feels that it is worthwhile to
solve it here, we then discuss how to solve it.  If the WG feels that
this is better left until a candidate solution emerged from multi6, we
mention this is the document, and points interested implementors to
consider the solutions coming out of the multi6 group.

Does this make sense?

/rgds
/cwng




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Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es
Cc: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>,
        Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        Eun Kyoung Paik <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hello Marcelo,

On Wed, 2004-02-25 at 19:47, marcelo bagnulo wrote:
> Hi Mattias,
> 
> 
> > As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we
> > don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise
> > different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same
> > prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on
> > behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and
> > all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to
> > put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit
> > router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to
> > a specific default router.
> 
> Well, i wouldn't say that the MNN have to select the appropriate prefix in
> order to send to a specific default router, but IMHO it is clear that in
> order to deal with ingress filtering, the prefix included in the source
> address will have to match with the selected ISP (if not the packet is
> discarded)
> So, IMHO not a specific prefix per default router but a prefix per isp.
> 
> One possible way to match a prefix with an isp could be to use a different
> default route, but i don't really think that would be a good option, since
> it would impose several restrictions on the topology, but this is still  on
> discussion i guess.
> 
> So, i agree that a different prefix per default router doesn't seems
> appealing for now at least, but something that allows to match a prefix with
> an exit isp is required.
> 
> I have an additional question about this draft:
> 
> Why do you consider that a mobile network that has several prefixes is
> multihomed.

In this case, it is not the mobile network that is multihomed, but the
MNN is multihomed.  And MR shouldn't prevent it (as per
draft-ietf-nemo-requirements)

> I mean, i would say that a natural case for this is that the Home network is
> multihomed, but not really the Mobile Network.
> In this case, i guess that there is nothing NEMO specific, only that general
> multi6 solutions have to be supported.
> 

In a fixed network, as you or Mattias mentioned in an earlier post, no
administrator would be crazy enough to build a network, configured it
with multiple prefixes but have each router handles only one prefix and
discards packets with source addresses from the other prefixes.

In NEMO, this scenario becomes possible.  Consider two NEMOs coming
together, or a NEMO with two MRs, each subscribing to services from
different ISPs.

It may not be NEMO-specific, depending on your interpretation of
"NEMO-specific".  But IMHO its clear that NEMO make the problem more
"real".

The draft's objective to raise the readers' awareness to this kind of
problems.  Having done that, if the WG feels that it is worthwhile to
solve it here, we then discuss how to solve it.  If the WG feels that
this is better left until a candidate solution emerged from multi6, we
mention this is the document, and points interested implementors to
consider the solutions coming out of the multi6 group.

Does this make sense?

/rgds
/cwng





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Subject: Re: [nemo] NEMO Agenda
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Cc: IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>, tj <tj@kniveton.com>
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On Tue, 2004-02-24 at 22:46, Thierry Ernst wrote:
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

> o NEMO Terminology Upates .................................. 10 mins
>   Thierry Ernst
> 
>   To be read:
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~
>   Network Mobility Support Terminology
>   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt
>  
>   To be discussed:
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>   - document should go to last call
>   - do we keep the multihoming and 'nested + multihoming' examples
>   within this document ?

Alternatives is to move it to the soon to appear
draft-ietf-nemo-multihoming-xxx.

>   
> 
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> # Older Draft Submitted to the NEMO WG (expired)
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 
> - draft-thubert-nemo-ipv4-traversal-01.txt (expired)
>   IPv4 traversal for MIPv6 based Mobile Routers
>   May 03
> 
> - http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-perera-nemo-extended-00.txt
>   Extended Network Mobility Support (expired)
> 
> - draft-hkang-nemo-ro-tlmr-00.txt (expired)
>   Route Optimization for Mobile Network by Using Bi-directional 
>   Between Home Agent and Top Level Mobile Router 
>   June 03
> 

Pardon me for doing a bit of self-advertising, but you may have missed
one more expired draft on RO:

- draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-00.txt (expired)
  Securing Nested Tunnel Optimizations with Access Router Option
  http://www.psl.com.sg/draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-00.txt
  Oct 2002

/rgds
/cwng




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Subject: Re: [nemo] NEMO Agenda
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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On Tue, 2004-02-24 at 22:46, Thierry Ernst wrote:
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

> o NEMO Terminology Upates .................................. 10 mins
>   Thierry Ernst
> 
>   To be read:
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~
>   Network Mobility Support Terminology
>   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt
>  
>   To be discussed:
>   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>   - document should go to last call
>   - do we keep the multihoming and 'nested + multihoming' examples
>   within this document ?

Alternatives is to move it to the soon to appear
draft-ietf-nemo-multihoming-xxx.

>   
> 
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> # Older Draft Submitted to the NEMO WG (expired)
> # ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> 
> - draft-thubert-nemo-ipv4-traversal-01.txt (expired)
>   IPv4 traversal for MIPv6 based Mobile Routers
>   May 03
> 
> - http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-perera-nemo-extended-00.txt
>   Extended Network Mobility Support (expired)
> 
> - draft-hkang-nemo-ro-tlmr-00.txt (expired)
>   Route Optimization for Mobile Network by Using Bi-directional 
>   Between Home Agent and Top Level Mobile Router 
>   June 03
> 

Pardon me for doing a bit of self-advertising, but you may have missed
one more expired draft on RO:

- draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-00.txt (expired)
  Securing Nested Tunnel Optimizations with Access Router Option
  http://www.psl.com.sg/draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-00.txt
  Oct 2002

/rgds
/cwng





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Wed Feb 25 23:14:40 2004
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Hi all,

We are interested in multi-homed network using NEMO.
Currently, we implemented the following architecture and evaluate in a
experimental network.

Attached document is our motivation and idea for multi-homing using NEMO.
Since I did not submit by deadline as I-D, I send this draft to NEMO ML.

I think some of them is merged into scenario or problem statement draft
for multi-homing.

If you have any comment or questions, please let us know.

Regards,

Ken Nagami

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


   Multi-homing for small scale fixed network Using Mobile IP and NEMO

                                            Kenichi Nagami(INTEC Netcore)
                                                      Satoshi Uda (JAIST)
                                                   Nobuo Ogashiwa (JAIST)
                                               Ryuji Wakikawa(Keio Univ.)
                                               Hiroshi Esaki(Univ. Tokyo)
                                                    Hiroyuki Ohnishi(NTT)

Abstract

    Multi-homing technology improves the availability of host and network
    connectivity. Since the node and network behavior of mobile
    networking and fixed networking are different, the different
    architecture has been discussed and proposed. This document proposes
    the common architecture both for mobile and fixed networking
    environment, using the mobile IP and NEMO. The proposed architecture
    only requires a modification of the mobile IP and NEMO so that
    multiple-CoA can be used. In addition, multiple HAs which are located
    in different place, are required for redundancy.

1. Motivation

    Users of small scale network need to improve the network availability
    and to get load balance of several links by easy method. Multi-homing
    technology is one of solutions to improve the
    availability. Conventional major multi-homing network uses BGP. But
    it has some issues as followings. Therefore, we propose a
    multi-homing architecture using the mobile IP and NEMO for
    small-scale fixed network.

    (1) Increasing route entries in the Internet

       In the multi-homing environments, each user's network needs to
       advertise its address block to all ISPs connected to them. If
       multi-homed user connects only one ISP, the ISP can advertise
       routing information to aggregate them. But some multi-homed user
       needs to connect with different ISPs in preparation for failure of
       ISP. In this case, ISPs need to advertise routing information for
       multi-homed user without aggregation. Therefore, the number of
       routing entries in the Internet is increasing one by one.

    (2) Difficulty to efficiently use multiple links

       It is not easy to control in-coming traffics in the case of the
       conventional multi-homing architecture using BGP. Therefore, load
       balancing of connected links are difficult.

2. Multi-homing for small scale fixed network Using Mobile IP and NEMO
2.1 Mobile network includes fixed network

    NEMO and Mobile IP must work with multi-homing by its nature. This is
    because mobile nodes need to use multiple links for improving the
    availability of network connectivity since the wireless link is not
    always stable. Therefore, we propose that multihoming for fixed nodes
    (routers and hosts) use the framework of NEMO and Mobile IP.

2.2 Overview multi-homing network architecture using Mobile IP

    Figure 1 shows basic multi-homing network architecture. In this
    architecture, a mobile router (MR), which is boarder router of
    multi-homed network, sets up several tunnels between the MR and the
    HA by multiple-CoA registration to provide redundancy and load
    balancing. A HA or a router which the HA belongs advertise user's
    network prefix to ISPs via routing protocol. If HA has several
    multi-homed network, they can advertise an aggregated network prefix
    to ISPs. Therefore, the Internet routing entries do not increase one
    by one when multi-homed user is increased.

    Packets to multi-homed users go to HA and the HA sends packets to MR
    using CoA1 and CoA2. The HA select a route which CoA is used. The
    route selection algorithm is out of scope of this document. This can
    improve availability of user network and control an in-coming traffic
    between ISP and MR. In the basic architecture, HA1 is single point of
    failure. In order to improve availability of user network, multiple
    HA is needed. This is described in later section.

           HA1
            |
           ISP A--ISP B
               |   |
           CoA1|   |CoA2
            Mobile Router (MR)
                 |
             Multi-homed
             user network

      Fig.1 Basic Architecture

3. Requirements for Mobile IP and NEMO
3.1 Multiple Care-of-Addresses (CoA)

    Multiple Care-of-Addresses needs to improve the availability and to
    control in coming and out going traffic.

3.2 Multiple Home Agents

    Multiple Home Agents should be geographically distributed across the
    Internet, for the improvement of service availability and for the
    load balancing of HA. When all the networks that have HA advertise
    the same network prefix to their adjacent router/network, the traffic
    is automatically routed to the nearest Home Agent from the view point
    of routing protocol topology. This operation has been already proven
    operational technology in the area of web server application, such as
    CDN (contents Delivery Network), regarding IGP and EGP.

    In order to operate multiple HAs, all HAs must have the same
    information such as binding information. This is the synchronization
    of database among the HA. This is the same architecture as I-BGP.
    The database is synchronized by full-mesh topology. In addition, in
    order to simplify operation of HA, the database is synchronized using
    star topology. This is analogy with I-BGP route reflector.

           HA1    HA1
            |      |
           ISP A--ISP B
               |   |
           CoA1|   |CoA2
            Mobile Router (MR)
                 |
             Multi-homed
             user network

      Fig.2 Architecture with HA redundancy

4. Security considerations

    This draft does not raise specific security issues beyond those of
    existing mobile IP and NEMO and routing protocols. 




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Hi all,

We are interested in multi-homed network using NEMO.
Currently, we implemented the following architecture and evaluate in a
experimental network.

Attached document is our motivation and idea for multi-homing using NEMO.
Since I did not submit by deadline as I-D, I send this draft to NEMO ML.

I think some of them is merged into scenario or problem statement draft
for multi-homing.

If you have any comment or questions, please let us know.

Regards,

Ken Nagami

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


   Multi-homing for small scale fixed network Using Mobile IP and NEMO

                                            Kenichi Nagami(INTEC Netcore)
                                                      Satoshi Uda (JAIST)
                                                   Nobuo Ogashiwa (JAIST)
                                               Ryuji Wakikawa(Keio Univ.)
                                               Hiroshi Esaki(Univ. Tokyo)
                                                    Hiroyuki Ohnishi(NTT)

Abstract

    Multi-homing technology improves the availability of host and network
    connectivity. Since the node and network behavior of mobile
    networking and fixed networking are different, the different
    architecture has been discussed and proposed. This document proposes
    the common architecture both for mobile and fixed networking
    environment, using the mobile IP and NEMO. The proposed architecture
    only requires a modification of the mobile IP and NEMO so that
    multiple-CoA can be used. In addition, multiple HAs which are located
    in different place, are required for redundancy.

1. Motivation

    Users of small scale network need to improve the network availability
    and to get load balance of several links by easy method. Multi-homing
    technology is one of solutions to improve the
    availability. Conventional major multi-homing network uses BGP. But
    it has some issues as followings. Therefore, we propose a
    multi-homing architecture using the mobile IP and NEMO for
    small-scale fixed network.

    (1) Increasing route entries in the Internet

       In the multi-homing environments, each user's network needs to
       advertise its address block to all ISPs connected to them. If
       multi-homed user connects only one ISP, the ISP can advertise
       routing information to aggregate them. But some multi-homed user
       needs to connect with different ISPs in preparation for failure of
       ISP. In this case, ISPs need to advertise routing information for
       multi-homed user without aggregation. Therefore, the number of
       routing entries in the Internet is increasing one by one.

    (2) Difficulty to efficiently use multiple links

       It is not easy to control in-coming traffics in the case of the
       conventional multi-homing architecture using BGP. Therefore, load
       balancing of connected links are difficult.

2. Multi-homing for small scale fixed network Using Mobile IP and NEMO
2.1 Mobile network includes fixed network

    NEMO and Mobile IP must work with multi-homing by its nature. This is
    because mobile nodes need to use multiple links for improving the
    availability of network connectivity since the wireless link is not
    always stable. Therefore, we propose that multihoming for fixed nodes
    (routers and hosts) use the framework of NEMO and Mobile IP.

2.2 Overview multi-homing network architecture using Mobile IP

    Figure 1 shows basic multi-homing network architecture. In this
    architecture, a mobile router (MR), which is boarder router of
    multi-homed network, sets up several tunnels between the MR and the
    HA by multiple-CoA registration to provide redundancy and load
    balancing. A HA or a router which the HA belongs advertise user's
    network prefix to ISPs via routing protocol. If HA has several
    multi-homed network, they can advertise an aggregated network prefix
    to ISPs. Therefore, the Internet routing entries do not increase one
    by one when multi-homed user is increased.

    Packets to multi-homed users go to HA and the HA sends packets to MR
    using CoA1 and CoA2. The HA select a route which CoA is used. The
    route selection algorithm is out of scope of this document. This can
    improve availability of user network and control an in-coming traffic
    between ISP and MR. In the basic architecture, HA1 is single point of
    failure. In order to improve availability of user network, multiple
    HA is needed. This is described in later section.

           HA1
            |
           ISP A--ISP B
               |   |
           CoA1|   |CoA2
            Mobile Router (MR)
                 |
             Multi-homed
             user network

      Fig.1 Basic Architecture

3. Requirements for Mobile IP and NEMO
3.1 Multiple Care-of-Addresses (CoA)

    Multiple Care-of-Addresses needs to improve the availability and to
    control in coming and out going traffic.

3.2 Multiple Home Agents

    Multiple Home Agents should be geographically distributed across the
    Internet, for the improvement of service availability and for the
    load balancing of HA. When all the networks that have HA advertise
    the same network prefix to their adjacent router/network, the traffic
    is automatically routed to the nearest Home Agent from the view point
    of routing protocol topology. This operation has been already proven
    operational technology in the area of web server application, such as
    CDN (contents Delivery Network), regarding IGP and EGP.

    In order to operate multiple HAs, all HAs must have the same
    information such as binding information. This is the synchronization
    of database among the HA. This is the same architecture as I-BGP.
    The database is synchronized by full-mesh topology. In addition, in
    order to simplify operation of HA, the database is synchronized using
    star topology. This is analogy with I-BGP route reflector.

           HA1    HA1
            |      |
           ISP A--ISP B
               |   |
           CoA1|   |CoA2
            Mobile Router (MR)
                 |
             Multi-homed
             user network

      Fig.2 Architecture with HA redundancy

4. Security considerations

    This draft does not raise specific security issues beyond those of
    existing mobile IP and NEMO and routing protocols. 





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 01:05:35 2004
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Hi All,
Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
(scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)

Thankx in advance,
Eranga




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Hi All,
Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
(scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)

Thankx in advance,
Eranga





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 02:06:34 2004
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From: "Muhammad Ali Malik" <mamalik@cse.unsw.edu.au>
To: "Eranga Perera" <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>, <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hi

Since they r moving with mobile network, therefore they r mobile. In fact
they r moving transparently with mobile network. For MN, the mobility is
static.

=Muhammad

-----Original Message-----
From: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Eranga
Perera
Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2004 5:02 PM
To: nemo@ietf.org
Subject: [nemo] Visiting Nodes

Hi All,
Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
(scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)

Thankx in advance,
Eranga




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Hi

Since they r moving with mobile network, therefore they r mobile. In fact
they r moving transparently with mobile network. For MN, the mobility is
static.

=Muhammad

-----Original Message-----
From: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org]On Behalf Of Eranga
Perera
Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2004 5:02 PM
To: nemo@ietf.org
Subject: [nemo] Visiting Nodes

Hi All,
Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
(scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)

Thankx in advance,
Eranga





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Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
To: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
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Hi Eranga,

	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network, but not
all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move
topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are
nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with
respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the
other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting Mobile
Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term "visiting"
is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it does not mean
that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not visit a mobile
network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).

	Best regards,

	Carlos J.

El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 07:01, Eranga Perera escribi=F3:
> Hi All,
> Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
> mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
> More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
> mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
> (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
> connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)
>=20
> Thankx in advance,
> Eranga
--=20
Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF

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Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
To: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
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Hi Eranga,

	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network, but not
all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move
topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are
nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with
respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the
other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting Mobile
Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term "visiting"
is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it does not mean
that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not visit a mobile
network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).

	Best regards,

	Carlos J.

El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 07:01, Eranga Perera escribi=F3:
> Hi All,
> Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
> mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
> More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
> mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
> (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
> connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)
>=20
> Thankx in advance,
> Eranga
--=20
Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF

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Hi Eranga,
In my understanding in the scenario you propose the PDA is not a
visiting node to the mobile network on the bus. I guess the PDA is
getting dinamically an IP address by DHCP and it is getting access to
Internet via the MR deployed on the bus. But in this scenario the PDA
with no mobility capabilities hasn't a Home Agent that receives packets
send to the HoA_PDA, and forwards them to the CoA_PDA. Thus the PDA
after obtaining connectivity via the MR will be a Local Fixed Node of
the mobile network.

Best regards
Maria
-----Mensaje original-----
De: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org] En nombre de Eranga
Perera
Enviado el: jueves, 26 de febrero de 2004 7:02
Para: nemo@ietf.org
Asunto: [nemo] Visiting Nodes


Hi All,
Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes? More precisely how about
the nodes that belong to another network (not mobile network) but has no
mobility capabilities? (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility
capabilities obtain connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)

Thankx in advance,
Eranga





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To: "'Eranga Perera'" <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:32:37 +0100
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Hi Eranga,
In my understanding in the scenario you propose the PDA is not a
visiting node to the mobile network on the bus. I guess the PDA is
getting dinamically an IP address by DHCP and it is getting access to
Internet via the MR deployed on the bus. But in this scenario the PDA
with no mobility capabilities hasn't a Home Agent that receives packets
send to the HoA_PDA, and forwards them to the CoA_PDA. Thus the PDA
after obtaining connectivity via the MR will be a Local Fixed Node of
the mobile network.

Best regards
Maria
-----Mensaje original-----
De: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org] En nombre de Eranga
Perera
Enviado el: jueves, 26 de febrero de 2004 7:02
Para: nemo@ietf.org
Asunto: [nemo] Visiting Nodes


Hi All,
Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes? More precisely how about
the nodes that belong to another network (not mobile network) but has no
mobility capabilities? (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility
capabilities obtain connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)

Thankx in advance,
Eranga






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From: Alexandru Petrescu <Alexandru.Petrescu@motorola.com>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
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Eranga Perera wrote:
> Hi All,
> Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
> mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
> More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
> mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
> (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
> connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)

If the node entering the train has no mobility capabilities (i.e. no 
Mobile IPv6 MN code) then it will loose all ongoing connections once it 
obtains a new address inside the train.  This is not necessarily meaning 
that its new connections will not work, it is just that ongoing 
applications will have to be restarted; for some applications this is 
probably not even noticeable, for others it is bad enough.

However, since in NEMO the Mobile IPv6 protocol is used, it is natural 
to assume that the VMN's do use Mobile IPv6, and it is also natural to 
look at the Mobile IPv6 problems that might (or might not occur) when 
that node enters a train.

If a node not using Mobile IPv6 enters a train moving network, then 
problems related to DHCPv6, or other means of acquiring a new address 
(without caring about continuing ongoing applications), or routing, 
maybe could be treated in other places; this is to say that the moving 
network looks to the respective node as any other fixed network, no 
difference...

Otherwise, what do you think are the problems of a non-Mobile IPv6 node 
jumping from a bus to a train?

My oppinion,

Alex




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Eranga Perera wrote:
> Hi All,
> Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
> mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
> More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
> mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
> (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
> connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)

If the node entering the train has no mobility capabilities (i.e. no 
Mobile IPv6 MN code) then it will loose all ongoing connections once it 
obtains a new address inside the train.  This is not necessarily meaning 
that its new connections will not work, it is just that ongoing 
applications will have to be restarted; for some applications this is 
probably not even noticeable, for others it is bad enough.

However, since in NEMO the Mobile IPv6 protocol is used, it is natural 
to assume that the VMN's do use Mobile IPv6, and it is also natural to 
look at the Mobile IPv6 problems that might (or might not occur) when 
that node enters a train.

If a node not using Mobile IPv6 enters a train moving network, then 
problems related to DHCPv6, or other means of acquiring a new address 
(without caring about continuing ongoing applications), or routing, 
maybe could be treated in other places; this is to say that the moving 
network looks to the respective node as any other fixed network, no 
difference...

Otherwise, what do you think are the problems of a non-Mobile IPv6 node 
jumping from a bus to a train?

My oppinion,

Alex





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marcelo bagnulo wrote:
>>If there is no intermediate
>>router, then at least the site exit routers cooperate.
>>
>>And this is not even a matter of multihoming to survive outages. The MNN
>>won't be able to communicate unless it by luck selects the correct
>>source address for the DR it has chosen.
> 
> 
> This is also the case in any multihomed network, mobile or fixed, since
> iwhen there are multiple prefixes available, it has to select the one that
> matches with the ISP through which the packet will be carried.
> 
> that is why i was asking why do you think that the multiple prefix case has
> something NEMO specific.
> 
> I would say that fixed multihoming solutions should deal with this case,
> just as any other part of the Home Network, (which is actually the
> multihomed network in this case, not the mobile network, as far as i can
> see)

Yes, sorry, for case N,1,N I fully agree. It is the home network that is 
multihomed and it will ultimately have to deal with this. The MRs can 
get away with their behaviour.

>    o  (N,N,N) Mobile Network
> 
>       The (N,N,N) mobile network has multiple mobile routers,
>       registering to multiple home-agents and advertising prefixes.
>       This may be a case of multiple non-multihomed network superimposed
>       together, i.e. each mobile router take cares of one prefix, and
>       register to separate home agents.

It is the N, N, N (alternative 1, see above) that I've drifted into. 
This is the case where NEMO introduces more requirements on hosts than 
what ND does.

Look at this case from the MNN's point of view. It hears two routers 
(MRs) advertising themselves as capable of routing all traffic (i.e. 
stating that they are default routers). To follow the example in 
draft-huitema-multi6-hosts section 3.3 we have MNN as X with two 
addresses A:X and B:X. It wants to communicate with Y both available at 
C:Y and D:Y. If X can't be allowed to establish a communication between 
any of the four combinations {ax-cy, bx-cy, ax-dy, bx-dy} then something 
is seriously wrong with the configuration of the network. As far as X 
goes it MUST NOT have to know that site-exit router R-A only accepts 
packets with source address with prefix A. Why is a default router 
claiming that it can route all traffic only to drop some of it the next 
minute?

None of the cases that I've seen in IPv6 and multi6 claim that X must 
select the correct default router in order to communicate. Yes, the 
packet must have the right source address to be carried over the ISP's 
network, but that is something the routers have to deal with. Yes, ISP B 
may be "better" in some sense (and sometimes routers only route on 
destination addresses, which is bad in this case), but unless X knows 
that, how can it know what source address to use for its default traffic?

To me it is a serious mistake by a router to claim it is a default 
router if it really isn't. Until the hosts get more information about 
ISP preferences and ingress filtering policies, the router must deal 
with this mess.

So, yes, to answer your question: NEMO case N,N,N introduces a (broken) 
network configuration previously unknown to/unsupported by IPv6 and multi6.

/Mattias




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marcelo bagnulo wrote:
>>If there is no intermediate
>>router, then at least the site exit routers cooperate.
>>
>>And this is not even a matter of multihoming to survive outages. The MNN
>>won't be able to communicate unless it by luck selects the correct
>>source address for the DR it has chosen.
> 
> 
> This is also the case in any multihomed network, mobile or fixed, since
> iwhen there are multiple prefixes available, it has to select the one that
> matches with the ISP through which the packet will be carried.
> 
> that is why i was asking why do you think that the multiple prefix case has
> something NEMO specific.
> 
> I would say that fixed multihoming solutions should deal with this case,
> just as any other part of the Home Network, (which is actually the
> multihomed network in this case, not the mobile network, as far as i can
> see)

Yes, sorry, for case N,1,N I fully agree. It is the home network that is 
multihomed and it will ultimately have to deal with this. The MRs can 
get away with their behaviour.

>    o  (N,N,N) Mobile Network
> 
>       The (N,N,N) mobile network has multiple mobile routers,
>       registering to multiple home-agents and advertising prefixes.
>       This may be a case of multiple non-multihomed network superimposed
>       together, i.e. each mobile router take cares of one prefix, and
>       register to separate home agents.

It is the N, N, N (alternative 1, see above) that I've drifted into. 
This is the case where NEMO introduces more requirements on hosts than 
what ND does.

Look at this case from the MNN's point of view. It hears two routers 
(MRs) advertising themselves as capable of routing all traffic (i.e. 
stating that they are default routers). To follow the example in 
draft-huitema-multi6-hosts section 3.3 we have MNN as X with two 
addresses A:X and B:X. It wants to communicate with Y both available at 
C:Y and D:Y. If X can't be allowed to establish a communication between 
any of the four combinations {ax-cy, bx-cy, ax-dy, bx-dy} then something 
is seriously wrong with the configuration of the network. As far as X 
goes it MUST NOT have to know that site-exit router R-A only accepts 
packets with source address with prefix A. Why is a default router 
claiming that it can route all traffic only to drop some of it the next 
minute?

None of the cases that I've seen in IPv6 and multi6 claim that X must 
select the correct default router in order to communicate. Yes, the 
packet must have the right source address to be carried over the ISP's 
network, but that is something the routers have to deal with. Yes, ISP B 
may be "better" in some sense (and sometimes routers only route on 
destination addresses, which is bad in this case), but unless X knows 
that, how can it know what source address to use for its default traffic?

To me it is a serious mistake by a router to claim it is a default 
router if it really isn't. Until the hosts get more information about 
ISP preferences and ingress filtering policies, the router must deal 
with this mess.

So, yes, to answer your question: NEMO case N,N,N introduces a (broken) 
network configuration previously unknown to/unsupported by IPv6 and multi6.

/Mattias




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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 05:06:35 2004
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To: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
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Hi Carlos,
Thanks for the reply. By visiting I mean nodes which belong to another
network as opposed to local nodes. If we agree that there could be nodes
that are not MIPv6 capable and also belongs to another network then
shouldn't we witihn the NEMO group give emphasis to such nodes too. I
believe that there is alot to do in order to enable mobility for such
nodes in a NEMO setting. What do you think?

Regrds,
Eranga

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004, Carlos [ISO-8859-1] Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano wrote:

> Hi Eranga,
>
> =09All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network, but not
> all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move
> topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are
> nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with
> respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the
> other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting Mobile
> Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term "visiting"
> is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it does not mean
> that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not visit a mobile
> network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
>
> =09Best regards,
>
> =09Carlos J.
>
> El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 07:01, Eranga Perera escribi=F3:
> > Hi All,
> > Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to a
> > mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
> > More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (not
> > mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
> > (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
> > connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)
> >
> > Thankx in advance,
> > Eranga
> --
> Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
> GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF
>




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 06:18:28 2004
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From: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
To: nemo@ietf.org
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Hi,
Thanks for the replies. Thought I'll express my humble opinion in one go!

I agree with Maria and Pascal in the sense that if a commuter obtains
connectivity via a MR then his/her device will be operating in a manner
similar to a LFN. But shouldn't our objective be to enable these nodes to
run any application not just browse the web. How about accessing VPNs?

Alex,
A non MIPv6 node sure enough would loose the connection when hopping from
a bus to a train. But say for example a commuter needs to synchonize his
calendar on his PDA with the PC in his office. If we assume that visiting
nodes without MIPv6 capabilities are like LFNs then such applications
cannot be supported unless we take care of the security issues. So isn't
it necessary to give emphasis to visiting nodes without MIPv6 capabilities
and try to solve these issues. Basically if these visiting nodes have
permanent IP addresses then how does NEMO protocol handle such nodes -
bidirectional tunneling via double Home Agents ?

Or can we safely  assume that all viising nodes will have MIPv6
capabilities and not address the above issues? Are all future devices
going to be embeddded with MIPv6?? I guess this is a point to ponder!

Sorry if I've misinterpreted something.

Regards,
Eranga




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Hi,
Thanks for the replies. Thought I'll express my humble opinion in one go!

I agree with Maria and Pascal in the sense that if a commuter obtains
connectivity via a MR then his/her device will be operating in a manner
similar to a LFN. But shouldn't our objective be to enable these nodes to
run any application not just browse the web. How about accessing VPNs?

Alex,
A non MIPv6 node sure enough would loose the connection when hopping from
a bus to a train. But say for example a commuter needs to synchonize his
calendar on his PDA with the PC in his office. If we assume that visiting
nodes without MIPv6 capabilities are like LFNs then such applications
cannot be supported unless we take care of the security issues. So isn't
it necessary to give emphasis to visiting nodes without MIPv6 capabilities
and try to solve these issues. Basically if these visiting nodes have
permanent IP addresses then how does NEMO protocol handle such nodes -
bidirectional tunneling via double Home Agents ?

Or can we safely  assume that all viising nodes will have MIPv6
capabilities and not address the above issues? Are all future devices
going to be embeddded with MIPv6?? I guess this is a point to ponder!

Sorry if I've misinterpreted something.

Regards,
Eranga





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Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 22:13:32 +0900
From: Hiroyuki OHNISHI <ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
To: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt]
Cc: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hi,

I am co-author of this draft.

On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:32:00 +0100
Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com> wrote:

> 
> 
> Chan-Wah NG wrote:
> > Hello,
> > 
> > I didn't realize that Pascal did not forward this to the NEMO ML... or
> > perhaps he did, but I couldn't find it in my own archive.  So, there you
> > guys go.  Apologize if it is a duplicate.  
> > 
> > This draft gives an analysis of the possible RO Solution Space in NEMO. 
> > It is our intention (well, at least mine) that this draft be considered
> > as a starting point for the RO Solution Space Analysis, which is a
> > milestone in the WG charter.
> > 
> > Comments are always welcome.
> > 
> 
> Short comment: chapter 1-5 and 7 are very good and they reflect what we 
> now know and I agree on them. But chapter 6 is difficult to grasp and I 
> would prefer it to be more elaborate. Simply more text and an easier 
> level. Chapter 7 doesn't summarise anything from chapter 6, shouldn't it?
> 

We need to brush-up Chapter 6 and Chapter 7(chapter 6 does not reflect
to chapter 7 now as you mentioned).
Current chapter 6 just shows some points that we think are important
points to design solution for RO in nested NEMO.
Do you have any point to add this Chapter? 


> /Mattias
> 
> 
> 
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.
> 
> E-mail including attachments is susceptible to data corruption, interruption, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not liable for any such corruption, interception, amendment, tampering or viruses or any consequences thereof.
> 

-- 
Hiroyuki OHNISHI
NTT Network Service Systems Laboratories
Phone: +81-422-59-4132, Fax: +81-422-60-7460
mailto: ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp





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Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 22:13:32 +0900
From: Hiroyuki OHNISHI <ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp>
To: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] [Fwd: I-D ACTION:draft-thubert-nemo-ro-taxonomy-02.txt]
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Hi,

I am co-author of this draft.

On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:32:00 +0100
Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com> wrote:

> 
> 
> Chan-Wah NG wrote:
> > Hello,
> > 
> > I didn't realize that Pascal did not forward this to the NEMO ML... or
> > perhaps he did, but I couldn't find it in my own archive.  So, there you
> > guys go.  Apologize if it is a duplicate.  
> > 
> > This draft gives an analysis of the possible RO Solution Space in NEMO. 
> > It is our intention (well, at least mine) that this draft be considered
> > as a starting point for the RO Solution Space Analysis, which is a
> > milestone in the WG charter.
> > 
> > Comments are always welcome.
> > 
> 
> Short comment: chapter 1-5 and 7 are very good and they reflect what we 
> now know and I agree on them. But chapter 6 is difficult to grasp and I 
> would prefer it to be more elaborate. Simply more text and an easier 
> level. Chapter 7 doesn't summarise anything from chapter 6, shouldn't it?
> 

We need to brush-up Chapter 6 and Chapter 7(chapter 6 does not reflect
to chapter 7 now as you mentioned).
Current chapter 6 just shows some points that we think are important
points to design solution for RO in nested NEMO.
Do you have any point to add this Chapter? 


> /Mattias
> 
> 
> 
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.
> 
> E-mail including attachments is susceptible to data corruption, interruption, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not liable for any such corruption, interception, amendment, tampering or viruses or any consequences thereof.
> 

-- 
Hiroyuki OHNISHI
NTT Network Service Systems Laboratories
Phone: +81-422-59-4132, Fax: +81-422-60-7460
mailto: ohnishi.hiroyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 09:05:39 2004
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
To: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
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Hi Eranga,

El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 11:03, Eranga Perera escribi=F3:
> Hi Carlos,
> Thanks for the reply. By visiting I mean nodes which belong to another
> network as opposed to local nodes. If we agree that there could be nodes
> that are not MIPv6 capable and also belongs to another network then
> shouldn't we witihn the NEMO group give emphasis to such nodes too. I
> believe that there is alot to do in order to enable mobility for such
> nodes in a NEMO setting. What do you think?

	I agree with Alexandru that there is no difference, from the NEMO point
of view, between a LFN belonging to the mobile network and other node
belonging to a different network, that attaches to the mobile network.
This node, due to its lack of mobility support can not preserve previous
established communications (transparent mobility support), but by using
mechanisms like DHCPv6 or IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration, it is able
to gain connectivity in the new location at the visited mobile network
(portability). Once this node is attached to the mobile network, it is
treated like a LFN from the point of view of NEMO support mechanisms and
it will preserve communications despite possible mobile network
movements.

	On the other hand, IMHO it is very interesting the topic of practical
usage scenarios in which network mobility could be involved. I mean,
what is more likely to occur, nodes with ongoing communications that
enters in a train or nodes that enter in a train and start browsing the
Internet, for example?

	Best regards,

	Carlos J.

> Regrds,
> Eranga
>=20
> On Thu, 26 Feb 2004, Carlos [ISO-8859-1] Jess Bernardos Cano wrote:
>=20
> > Hi Eranga,
> >
> > 	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network, but not
> > all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move
> > topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are
> > nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with
> > respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the
> > other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting Mobile
> > Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term "visiting"
> > is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it does not mea=
n
> > that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not visit a mobile
> > network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
> >
> > 	Best regards,
> >
> > 	Carlos J.
> >
> > El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 07:01, Eranga Perera escribi:
> > > Hi All,
> > > Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to=
 a
> > > mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
> > > More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (no=
t
> > > mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
> > > (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
> > > connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)
> > >
> > > Thankx in advance,
> > > Eranga
> > --
> > Carlos Jess Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
> > GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF
> >
--=20
Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF

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Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
To: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
Cc: nemo@ietf.org
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Hi Eranga,

El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 11:03, Eranga Perera escribi=F3:
> Hi Carlos,
> Thanks for the reply. By visiting I mean nodes which belong to another
> network as opposed to local nodes. If we agree that there could be nodes
> that are not MIPv6 capable and also belongs to another network then
> shouldn't we witihn the NEMO group give emphasis to such nodes too. I
> believe that there is alot to do in order to enable mobility for such
> nodes in a NEMO setting. What do you think?

	I agree with Alexandru that there is no difference, from the NEMO point
of view, between a LFN belonging to the mobile network and other node
belonging to a different network, that attaches to the mobile network.
This node, due to its lack of mobility support can not preserve previous
established communications (transparent mobility support), but by using
mechanisms like DHCPv6 or IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration, it is able
to gain connectivity in the new location at the visited mobile network
(portability). Once this node is attached to the mobile network, it is
treated like a LFN from the point of view of NEMO support mechanisms and
it will preserve communications despite possible mobile network
movements.

	On the other hand, IMHO it is very interesting the topic of practical
usage scenarios in which network mobility could be involved. I mean,
what is more likely to occur, nodes with ongoing communications that
enters in a train or nodes that enter in a train and start browsing the
Internet, for example?

	Best regards,

	Carlos J.

> Regrds,
> Eranga
>=20
> On Thu, 26 Feb 2004, Carlos [ISO-8859-1] Jess Bernardos Cano wrote:
>=20
> > Hi Eranga,
> >
> > 	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network, but not
> > all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move
> > topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are
> > nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with
> > respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the
> > other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting Mobile
> > Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term "visiting"
> > is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it does not mea=
n
> > that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not visit a mobile
> > network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
> >
> > 	Best regards,
> >
> > 	Carlos J.
> >
> > El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 07:01, Eranga Perera escribi:
> > > Hi All,
> > > Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to=
 a
> > > mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes?
> > > More precisely how about the nodes that belong to another network (no=
t
> > > mobile network) but has no mobility capabilities?
> > > (scenario - commuter with a PDA with no mobility capabilities obtain
> > > connectivity via a MR deployed on a bus)
> > >
> > > Thankx in advance,
> > > Eranga
> > --
> > Carlos Jess Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
> > GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF
> >
--=20
Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 09:41:42 2004
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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 14:37:47 -0000
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From: "Pascal Thubert (pthubert)" <pthubert@cisco.com>
To: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Carlos_Jes=FAs_Bernardos_Cano?= <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>,
        "Eranga Perera" <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
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>=20
> 	On the other hand, IMHO it is very interesting the topic of practical
> usage scenarios in which network mobility could be involved. I mean,
> what is more likely to occur, nodes with ongoing communications that
> enters in a train or nodes that enter in a train and start browsing =
the
> Internet, for example?


Interesting question.=20

I think it's the chicken and the egg problem... The usage of the web is =
mostly a pull model because of limitations of IPv4, NAT and so on, not =
because it's the best way to do things. There's a lot of P2P =
applications that would benefit from a direct and always on =
connectivity. You can not just say that the next killer applications =
will be a pull model just because that was the only way in the past...

If your visitor has a few presence based apps (or some proprietary =
Instant Messaging for that matter), he will have to reconnect to the =
each and every one of those apps each time he moves to a different bus. =
Lots of traffic, very low value. I wonder how many such users the IM can =
sustain. If he supports IP mobility and registers to IM using a Home =
Address, that's a different story. Also, this preserves the privacy of =
the location of the user.

Pascal



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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
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>=20
> 	On the other hand, IMHO it is very interesting the topic of practical
> usage scenarios in which network mobility could be involved. I mean,
> what is more likely to occur, nodes with ongoing communications that
> enters in a train or nodes that enter in a train and start browsing =
the
> Internet, for example?


Interesting question.=20

I think it's the chicken and the egg problem... The usage of the web is =
mostly a pull model because of limitations of IPv4, NAT and so on, not =
because it's the best way to do things. There's a lot of P2P =
applications that would benefit from a direct and always on =
connectivity. You can not just say that the next killer applications =
will be a pull model just because that was the only way in the past...

If your visitor has a few presence based apps (or some proprietary =
Instant Messaging for that matter), he will have to reconnect to the =
each and every one of those apps each time he moves to a different bus. =
Lots of traffic, very low value. I wonder how many such users the IM can =
sustain. If he supports IP mobility and registers to IM using a Home =
Address, that's a different story. Also, this preserves the privacy of =
the location of the user.

Pascal




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 09:52:32 2004
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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:47:47 +0100
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Hi Carlos,

I would like to reflect shortly on the paragraph below.

> 	On the other hand, IMHO it is very interesting the 
> topic of practical usage scenarios in which network mobility 
> could be involved. I mean, what is more likely to occur, 
> nodes with ongoing communications that enters in a train or 
> nodes that enter in a train and start browsing the Internet, 
> for example?

I think that the scenario where people enter a train and starts web browsing is more likely today ... but tomorrow where we will be able to make video conferences with our handhelds it will be more typical that we enter the metro or the train with ongoing communications. I am afraid that DHCPv6 or IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration are not able to handle movements of mobile nodes with ongoing transmissions.

/Miklos

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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
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Hi Carlos,

I would like to reflect shortly on the paragraph below.

> 	On the other hand, IMHO it is very interesting the 
> topic of practical usage scenarios in which network mobility 
> could be involved. I mean, what is more likely to occur, 
> nodes with ongoing communications that enters in a train or 
> nodes that enter in a train and start browsing the Internet, 
> for example?

I think that the scenario where people enter a train and starts web browsing is more likely today ... but tomorrow where we will be able to make video conferences with our handhelds it will be more typical that we enter the metro or the train with ongoing communications. I am afraid that DHCPv6 or IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration are not able to handle movements of mobile nodes with ongoing transmissions.

/Miklos

This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited. If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify the sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without disclosing it. Thank you.

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 10:00:31 2004
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Cc: nemo <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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> >    o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network
> > 
> >       The (N,1,N) mobile network has multiple active egress mobile
> >       routers registering to the same home-agent, and advertising
> >       multiple prefixes. If a mobile router is advertising more than one
> >       prefix, we have the same problem as (1,1,N) as in how to register
> >       more than one NEMO-prefix to the same home-agent.
> > 
> >       On the other hand, if each mobile router take cares of a separate
> >       (and only one) NEMO-prefix, then there should not be any
> >       NEMO-specific problem.
> 
> As I remember Erik once said to me in an earlier NEMO discussion: we 
> don't want to go down the second alternative. MRs should not advertise 
> different prefixes to the same link - they must advertise the same 
> prefix set (or otherwise be coordinated and able to route traffic on 
> behalf of each other). For an MNN, each MR is a just default router and 
> all default routers must be able to route all traffic. We don't want to 
> put such requirements on the MNNs to map each prefix to a specific exit 
> router and remembering to use the correct source address when sending to 
> a specific default router.

Just one more detail: the fact that multiple prefixes are advertised on
the mobile network's egreess interface doesn't preclude that multiple
NEMO-prefixes will be advertised down the mobile network. So, I guess
there are several interpretations of this case. The sentence starting
with 'since ...' in section 2.6 should be clarified (probably adding
'may be advertised'.

Not allowing to advertise multiple prefixes may be one recommendation,
but then, it means we have to design a protocol to synchronize MRs. On
the other hand, if we allow the advertisement of multiple NEMO-prefixes,
MNNs have to select their source address.

What I said is of course orthogonal with multiple NEMO-prefix
registration with the HA.

> Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming to work in 
> IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.

Thierry



From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 10:00:37 2004
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Hi,

> > It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work.
> > Either the MRs or the MNNs.
> 
> Perhaps in the case of multiple prefixes, the dirty work has to be carried
> by the Home Network Site Exit routers?

Can we be more specific with 'dirty work' ? 

> > To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get connectivity
> > in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as
> > draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.
> 
> Fully agree with the first statement.
> But Host centric (draft-huitema-multi6-hosts) approach allows exactly this
> for multihomed network.
> 
> That is, that a regular IPv6 host is connected to the multihomed network and
> still works properly.
> Clearly, there some benefits, like preserving established communications
> through outages, that it will not be able to obtain, but at least it will
> work fine and its operation won't be disturbed because of multihoming.
> 
> >
> > So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify
> > the MR?
> 
> I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
> Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though
> 
> > It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
> > introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
> > earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view!
> 
> Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not specific to nemo.
> I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
> benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it also has to be
> updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.

Fully agree. 

What is specific to NEMO WG is the ability to register several
NEMO-prefixes with the HA, if we need to.

Obtaining all potential benefits of multihoming is not a NEMO task. It
should be carried on by another WG which doesn't focus on mobility. On
the other hand, our goal is to document the issues; I suspect actions
will have been taken by other WGs based on the conclusions of the NEMO
Multihoming Pb Statement WG document.

Thierry.







From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 10:00:39 2004
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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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> I have an additional question about this draft:
> 
> Why do you consider that a mobile network that has several prefixes is
> multihomed.
> I mean, i would say that a natural case for this is that the Home network is
> multihomed, but not really the Mobile Network.
> In this case, i guess that there is nothing NEMO specific, only that general
> multi6 solutions have to be supported.
> 
> Am i missing something? ( i haven't been around for long, so i have missed
> previous discussions on this topic)

Hi Marcelo,

This is may be a definition issue ?  I agree that taking the definition
to the words may tell that any host in the Internet is multihomed since
border routers usually are.  I would indeed say that the MRs might be
multihoming, but the MNNs might not be.

I would appreciate if you could read through the multihoming section in
draft-ietf-nemo-terminology and comment on the definition. That would be
helpful for us.

Thierry.





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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg> wrote:

> > o NEMO Terminology Upates .................................. 10 mins
> >   Thierry Ernst
> > 
> >   To be read:
> >   ~~~~~~~~~~~
> >   Network Mobility Support Terminology
> >   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt
> >  
> >   To be discussed:
> >   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> >   - document should go to last call
> >   - do we keep the multihoming and 'nested + multihoming' examples
> >   within this document ?
> 
> Alternatives is to move it to the soon to appear
> draft-ietf-nemo-multihoming-xxx.

That could be possible, depending on the term I think. Need to be discussed.

> 
> Pardon me for doing a bit of self-advertising, but you may have missed
> one more expired draft on RO:
> 
> - draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-00.txt (expired)
>   Securing Nested Tunnel Optimizations with Access Router Option
>   http://www.psl.com.sg/draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-00.txt
>   Oct 2002

Do you really think I don't have other things to do than looking that far ? :-)


Thierry.



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Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg> wrote:

> > o NEMO Terminology Upates .................................. 10 mins
> >   Thierry Ernst
> > 
> >   To be read:
> >   ~~~~~~~~~~~
> >   Network Mobility Support Terminology
> >   http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-01.txt
> >  
> >   To be discussed:
> >   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> >   - document should go to last call
> >   - do we keep the multihoming and 'nested + multihoming' examples
> >   within this document ?
> 
> Alternatives is to move it to the soon to appear
> draft-ietf-nemo-multihoming-xxx.

That could be possible, depending on the term I think. Need to be discussed.

> 
> Pardon me for doing a bit of self-advertising, but you may have missed
> one more expired draft on RO:
> 
> - draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-00.txt (expired)
>   Securing Nested Tunnel Optimizations with Access Router Option
>   http://www.psl.com.sg/draft-ng-nemo-access-router-option-00.txt
>   Oct 2002

Do you really think I don't have other things to do than looking that far ? :-)


Thierry.




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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Mattias Pettersson <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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Hi Mattias,

> >>>   o  (N,1,N) Mobile Network

> Thierry, Chan-Wah [I answer you both here],
> 
> It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work. 
> Either the MRs or the MNNs.

It's not the same dirty work. 

On the MR, it's about registering several prefixes, or synchronisation

On the MNN, it's about source address selection. Any host is considered
to implement some source address selection mechanism. Or, is there
anything else dirty to do ?

> To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get connectivity 
> in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as 
> draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.
> 
> So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or to simplify 
> the MR? It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to 
> introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG 
> earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's point of view! 
> The ND model builds on that. I agree that we have arguments both in NEMO 
> and in multi6 to question that model, but we do we want to change that 
> model just to allow a variant of a scenario?

I personaly wish to support standard IPv6 hosts. But I've never heard
that advertising multiple prefixes would break the model. Do you have
any reference to a possible decision made by the IPv6 WG to disallow
such scenario ? Any document where this is documented ?

Thierry



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From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
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Hi,

What you are talking about it a LFN. It gets an address in the mobile
network via DHCPv6 or anything, and then communicates with its peers
using this address. I don't see what would prevent this node to run any
kind of application. As pointed out by Pascal and Alex, it's just not
efficient to do so as it breaks the connections and you need to restart
them when getting in the mobile network. So, either you use some
mobility support mechanims such as MIPv6 and your PDA is a VMN, or you
restart the applications and its a LFN from a definition point of view
and from the point of view of the MR. 

The PDA may need to authenticate itself first, but this is another story
orthogonal to NEMO and mobility at large.


Thierry.




> Thanks for the replies. Thought I'll express my humble opinion in one go!
> 
> I agree with Maria and Pascal in the sense that if a commuter obtains
> connectivity via a MR then his/her device will be operating in a manner
> similar to a LFN. But shouldn't our objective be to enable these nodes to
> run any application not just browse the web. How about accessing VPNs?
> 
> Alex,
> A non MIPv6 node sure enough would loose the connection when hopping from
> a bus to a train. But say for example a commuter needs to synchonize his
> calendar on his PDA with the PC in his office. If we assume that visiting
> nodes without MIPv6 capabilities are like LFNs then such applications
> cannot be supported unless we take care of the security issues. So isn't
> it necessary to give emphasis to visiting nodes without MIPv6 capabilities
> and try to solve these issues. Basically if these visiting nodes have
> permanent IP addresses then how does NEMO protocol handle such nodes -
> bidirectional tunneling via double Home Agents ?
> 
> Or can we safely  assume that all viising nodes will have MIPv6
> capabilities and not address the above issues? Are all future devices
> going to be embeddded with MIPv6?? I guess this is a point to ponder!
> 
> Sorry if I've misinterpreted something.
> 
> Regards,
> Eranga
> 
> 
> 


-- 

Thierry Ernst, PhD
WIDE at Keio University, Japan
IETF NEMO WG co-chair http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
WIDE NAUTILUS WG co-chair http://www.nautilus6.org
--
E-mail: ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp
Web: http://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/~ernst/
--
Jun Murai Lab
Keio University K-square Town Campus
1488-8 Ogura, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki
Kanagawa, 212-0054 Japan
Phone : +81-44-580-1600
Fax   : +81-44-580-1437
Mobile: 090-9815-8023



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Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 00:47:25 +0900
From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
To: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
Cc: nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
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Hi,

What you are talking about it a LFN. It gets an address in the mobile
network via DHCPv6 or anything, and then communicates with its peers
using this address. I don't see what would prevent this node to run any
kind of application. As pointed out by Pascal and Alex, it's just not
efficient to do so as it breaks the connections and you need to restart
them when getting in the mobile network. So, either you use some
mobility support mechanims such as MIPv6 and your PDA is a VMN, or you
restart the applications and its a LFN from a definition point of view
and from the point of view of the MR. 

The PDA may need to authenticate itself first, but this is another story
orthogonal to NEMO and mobility at large.


Thierry.




> Thanks for the replies. Thought I'll express my humble opinion in one go!
> 
> I agree with Maria and Pascal in the sense that if a commuter obtains
> connectivity via a MR then his/her device will be operating in a manner
> similar to a LFN. But shouldn't our objective be to enable these nodes to
> run any application not just browse the web. How about accessing VPNs?
> 
> Alex,
> A non MIPv6 node sure enough would loose the connection when hopping from
> a bus to a train. But say for example a commuter needs to synchonize his
> calendar on his PDA with the PC in his office. If we assume that visiting
> nodes without MIPv6 capabilities are like LFNs then such applications
> cannot be supported unless we take care of the security issues. So isn't
> it necessary to give emphasis to visiting nodes without MIPv6 capabilities
> and try to solve these issues. Basically if these visiting nodes have
> permanent IP addresses then how does NEMO protocol handle such nodes -
> bidirectional tunneling via double Home Agents ?
> 
> Or can we safely  assume that all viising nodes will have MIPv6
> capabilities and not address the above issues? Are all future devices
> going to be embeddded with MIPv6?? I guess this is a point to ponder!
> 
> Sorry if I've misinterpreted something.
> 
> Regards,
> Eranga
> 
> 
> 


-- 

Thierry Ernst, PhD
WIDE at Keio University, Japan
IETF NEMO WG co-chair http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/nemo-charter.html
WIDE NAUTILUS WG co-chair http://www.nautilus6.org
--
E-mail: ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp
Web: http://www.sfc.wide.ad.jp/~ernst/
--
Jun Murai Lab
Keio University K-square Town Campus
1488-8 Ogura, Saiwai-ku, Kawasaki
Kanagawa, 212-0054 Japan
Phone : +81-44-580-1600
Fax   : +81-44-580-1437
Mobile: 090-9815-8023




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 14:10:34 2004
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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Mikl=F3s_Aur=E9l_R=F3nai?= "(IJ/ETH)" <Miklos.Ronai@ericsson.com>
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Hi Mikl=F3s,

El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 15:47, Mikl=F3s Aur=E9l R=F3nai (IJ/ETH) escribi=
=F3:
> Hi Carlos,
>=20
> I would like to reflect shortly on the paragraph below.
>=20
> > 	On the other hand, IMHO it is very interesting the=20
> > topic of practical usage scenarios in which network mobility=20
> > could be involved. I mean, what is more likely to occur,=20
> > nodes with ongoing communications that enters in a train or=20
> > nodes that enter in a train and start browsing the Internet,=20
> > for example?
>=20
> I think that the scenario where people enter a train and starts web brows=
ing is more likely today ... but tomorrow where we will be able to make vid=
eo conferences with our handhelds it will be more typical that we enter the=
 metro or the train with ongoing communications. I am afraid that DHCPv6 or=
 IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration are not able to handle movements of mobil=
e nodes with ongoing transmissions.

	Yes, you are right. I was also trying to start some discussion about
the possible scenarios in which network mobility will be involved in the
future. IMHO, it is very important to take into account the different
possibilities and which ones are more likely. Depending on the usage
scenarios, some kind of problems will be more critical than others, and
maybe will require more effort in order to be solved. Why do you think
about some kind of document/discussion about the NEMO potential
scenarios and the identification of specific problems/needed
optimisations? Perhaps this has been discussed in the mailing list
before, sorry if it has been already done...

	Best regards,

	Carlos J.

>=20
> /Miklos
>=20
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(=
s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited.=
 If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify t=
he sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without d=
isclosing it. Thank you.
>=20
> E-mail including attachments is susceptible to data corruption, interrupt=
ion, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and we only send and re=
ceive e-mails on the basis that we are not liable for any such corruption, =
interception, amendment, tampering or viruses or any consequences thereof.
--=20
Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF

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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Mikl=F3s_Aur=E9l_R=F3nai?= "(IJ/ETH)" <Miklos.Ronai@ericsson.com>
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Hi Mikl=F3s,

El jue, 26-02-2004 a las 15:47, Mikl=F3s Aur=E9l R=F3nai (IJ/ETH) escribi=
=F3:
> Hi Carlos,
>=20
> I would like to reflect shortly on the paragraph below.
>=20
> > 	On the other hand, IMHO it is very interesting the=20
> > topic of practical usage scenarios in which network mobility=20
> > could be involved. I mean, what is more likely to occur,=20
> > nodes with ongoing communications that enters in a train or=20
> > nodes that enter in a train and start browsing the Internet,=20
> > for example?
>=20
> I think that the scenario where people enter a train and starts web brows=
ing is more likely today ... but tomorrow where we will be able to make vid=
eo conferences with our handhelds it will be more typical that we enter the=
 metro or the train with ongoing communications. I am afraid that DHCPv6 or=
 IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration are not able to handle movements of mobil=
e nodes with ongoing transmissions.

	Yes, you are right. I was also trying to start some discussion about
the possible scenarios in which network mobility will be involved in the
future. IMHO, it is very important to take into account the different
possibilities and which ones are more likely. Depending on the usage
scenarios, some kind of problems will be more critical than others, and
maybe will require more effort in order to be solved. Why do you think
about some kind of document/discussion about the NEMO potential
scenarios and the identification of specific problems/needed
optimisations? Perhaps this has been discussed in the mailing list
before, sorry if it has been already done...

	Best regards,

	Carlos J.

>=20
> /Miklos
>=20
> This communication is confidential and intended solely for the addressee(=
s). Any unauthorized review, use, disclosure or distribution is prohibited.=
 If you believe this message has been sent to you in error, please notify t=
he sender by replying to this transmission and delete the message without d=
isclosing it. Thank you.
>=20
> E-mail including attachments is susceptible to data corruption, interrupt=
ion, unauthorized amendment, tampering and viruses, and we only send and re=
ceive e-mails on the basis that we are not liable for any such corruption, =
interception, amendment, tampering or viruses or any consequences thereof.
--=20
Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano - http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
GPG FP: 1880 80D3 8004 25C7 6537  8E02 252A D295 9CFF DEAF

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Thu Feb 26 21:58:44 2004
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Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
Cc: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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	 <1077784218.790.15.camel@acorde>
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Hello all,

One way to look at it is to restrict our interpretation of the terms
used in the layer we are working on (i.e. IP: layer 3).

With that, then "visiting" would implies the concept of 'Home network"
and "foreign network".  Thus it implicitly carry the concept of mobility
protocols (MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "Local" would then refer to a node
that is in its home domain, which may or may not use/know mobility
protocols.

Also, the term "Mobile node" implies a node that uses mobility protocols
(MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "fixed node" would then refer to a node that
does not use mobility protocols (though it may accept BU, send BA,
implements BCE, etc).

So, we say a node is "visiting" when its in a foreign domain, and a node
is "local" when its in the home domain.  Thus there can be no such thing
as a Visiting fixed node. =20

In the eyes of IP, the PDA example would be a LFN, though in the eyes of
the user it is definitely mobile, and in the eyes of the mobile router
owner, it is a visitor.

Does this makes sense?

/rgds
/cwng


On Thu, 2004-02-26 at 16:30, Carlos Jes=C3=BAs Bernardos Cano wrote:
> Hi Eranga,
>=20
> 	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network, but not
> all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move
> topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are
> nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with
> respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the
> other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting Mobile
> Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term "visiting"
> is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it does not mea=
n
> that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not visit a mobile
> network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
>=20
> 	Best regards,
>=20
> 	Carlos J.
>=20





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Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Carlos =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jes=FAs?= Bernardos Cano <cjbc@it.uc3m.es>
Cc: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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Hello all,

One way to look at it is to restrict our interpretation of the terms
used in the layer we are working on (i.e. IP: layer 3).

With that, then "visiting" would implies the concept of 'Home network"
and "foreign network".  Thus it implicitly carry the concept of mobility
protocols (MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "Local" would then refer to a node
that is in its home domain, which may or may not use/know mobility
protocols.

Also, the term "Mobile node" implies a node that uses mobility protocols
(MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "fixed node" would then refer to a node that
does not use mobility protocols (though it may accept BU, send BA,
implements BCE, etc).

So, we say a node is "visiting" when its in a foreign domain, and a node
is "local" when its in the home domain.  Thus there can be no such thing
as a Visiting fixed node. =20

In the eyes of IP, the PDA example would be a LFN, though in the eyes of
the user it is definitely mobile, and in the eyes of the mobile router
owner, it is a visitor.

Does this makes sense?

/rgds
/cwng


On Thu, 2004-02-26 at 16:30, Carlos Jes=C3=BAs Bernardos Cano wrote:
> Hi Eranga,
>=20
> 	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network, but not
> all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move
> topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are
> nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with
> respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the
> other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting Mobile
> Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term "visiting"
> is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it does not mea=
n
> that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not visit a mobile
> network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
>=20
> 	Best regards,
>=20
> 	Carlos J.
>=20






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Feb 27 05:40:09 2004
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Subject: [nemo] Re: Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement
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Hi Alex,

Thanks for your detailed comment on my draft.
"Hierarchical mobile router advertisement for nested mobile networks"
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-hmra-00.txt

Please, read in lines.

> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alexandru Petrescu [mailto:Alexandru.Petrescu@motorola.com] 
> Subject: Re: Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement
> 
> Hello Eun Kyoung, thank you for asking me and sorry for not having
> followed-up with this thread when it occured; I continue it now.  Also,
> feel free to continue or re-initiate the discussion on the public list,
> I think it is benefic for the overall advancement.
> 
> Eun Kyoung Paik wrote:
> >>> Internet | AR | Parent MR | Child MR
> >>> 
> >>> In the figure, Parent MR may autoconfigure its CoA after it 
> >>> listens RA of AR. Then, Child MR may autoconfigure its CoA after 
> >>> it listens RA of Parent MR. After that, if Parent MR listens 
> >>> Child MR's RA, Parent MR configures new CoA according to Child 
> >>> MR's RA ?
> >> 
> >> In this particular configuration, I do not think that Parent MR 
> >> configures a CoA based on the Child MR RA.  There are two reasons 
> >> for that.
> >> 
> >> One is that according to the stateless autoconfiguration mechanisms
> >>  a router will not autoconfigure an address on an interface based 
> >> on received RA's.  Parent MR is a router, so.
> > 
> > Then, how MR's egress interface configures its CoA when it moves into
> >  a foreign link ? Doesn't it need RA from foreign link ?
> 
> I agree with you that this behaviour might look questionable.  Let me
> bring back some text from the NEMO base spec:
> 
> > A Mobile Router SHOULD NOT send unsolicited Router Advertisements and
> >  SHOULD NOT reply to Router Solicitations on any egress interface 
> > when that interface is attached to a visited link.
> 
> So, applying it to your scenario, it would mean that the child MR would
> not send RA's on its egress interface (directly connected to the parent
> MR's ingress).
> 

Basically, I assume that a MR has two interfaces. The child MR would not 
send RA's on its egress interface but would send RA's on its ingress 
interface.

> > A router typically ignores router advertisements sent by other 
> > routers on a link.  However, a Mobile Router MUST NOT ignore Router 
> > Advertisements received on the egress interface.  The received Router
> >  Advertisements MAY be used for address configuration, default router
> >  selection or movement detection.
> 
> This, applied to your scenario, would mean that the parent MR's egress
> interface does obtain a CoA from the AR and that the child MR's egress
> interface obtains a CoA from the parent MR's ingress interface's RA.
> 

Right. I think that nested mobile networks are formed this way.

> >> The other is that Child MR is, in fact, visiting the network of 
> >> Parent MR; when a MR is visiting, it acts as a host on its egress 
> >> interface, not as a router.  Thus it will not send RA's on its 
> >> egress interface if it is not at home, so Parent MR does not get 
> >> RA's from Child MR.
> > 
> > I wonder if parent MR's egress interrface listen the RA of child MR's
> >  ingress interface. (Child MR's ingress interface may broadcast its 
> > RA for its VMNs.)
> 
> Right, this is a good question.  I also think that in a nested mobile
> networks configuration where all interfaces are wireless there is a
> danger that some parent MR's egress interface might receive RA's emitted
> by some child MR's ingress interface and might get confused and
> configure a CoA and a default route that do not actually point to the
> Internet.
> 

My draft is focused on that situation when an MR uses both wireless 
interfaces for ingress and egress interface.

> It is entirely true that in such a completely wireless nested
> aggregation there might be a problem with RA's.  And not only RA's, this
> is only the initial problem, it could be even worse if all nodes in this
> aggregation were sending all types of packets to all others if an IP
> structuring (subnetting) were not respected.
> 
> The reason I'm staying personally away from tackling this problem is
> that in such an aggregation it is _first_ important to establish an L2
> connectivity graph, meaningfully.  Let me explain, if I were to build
> such an aggregated network for testing purposes with 802.11b, I would
> first and foremost make sure that each subnet of each MR has a different
> ESSID; this is in order for the LFN's of each MR's moving network be
> able to consistently talk to their respective MR; now, if the two moving
> networks have different ESSID's (and eventually different WEP keys),
> then the RA's sent by the child MR's ingress interface will not be seen
> at all by the parent MR's egress interface (even if in wireless range), 
> so no danger for the parent MR's to configure bad CoA and bad default route.
> 

In my opinion, when ARs and MRs use different ESSID, if an MR is getting 
into the larger mobile network, the MR need to select which ESSID it will 
use. That is also a confliction problem.

> If on the contrary the two moving networks have the same ESSID then not
> only the RA does not work properly, but a thousand other things won't work.
> 
> That's why, in my personal viewpoint, in a nested aggregation of moving
> networks it is important to first establish the meaningful L2
> connectivity first that respects the definition of a moving network
> itself (moving network is fixed subnet that moves homegeneously), on top
> of which it is easy to set up the working L3 topology.
> 
> Otherwise, if the L2 connectivity is not set correctly, then I think
> this goes out of scope of the moving networks concepts and becomes very
> much an manet issue, where everybody talks to everybody; that said, I
> don't think that in the manet world they've considered such fine detail
> as you do in your draft, but maybe they should.
> 
> > And how can we distinguish egress interface from ingress interface 
> > physically ?
> 
> Difficult to say indeed...
> 
> >> There is also a widely acknolwedged problem of "disconnected" 
> >> operation that was mentioned very early.
> > 
> > Could you breifly explain about "disconnected" operation ?
> 
> It's presented in detail in section B.5 "Example of disconnected
> operation issue" of draft-petrescu-nemo-mrha-03.txt (not expired).  It
> basically says that when two moving networks are nesting one under the
> other and the parent MR gets disconnected from the AR, then any LFN
> within the child MR's moving network is not able to talk to any other
> LFN of the parent MR's moving network (even though the two moving
> networks are physically attached).
> 
> Now, let me get back to your draft.  If I were to accept that that there
> is a problem of RA between child MR and parent MR, as you propose it,
> then I think that the proposed method is a potentially elegant solution
> to solve that problem (_if_ that is indeed a problem).  Also the
> Security Considerations section shows a good case of risk.
> 

I think, the risk of malicious RA is general problem of stateless address 
auto-configuration mechanism. So we need the method to secure the RA 
message.

> Section 1 second paragraph, 9th line, 10th word: I think you meant
> "ingress" and not "egress".
> 

Right, that is "ingress". That's my mistake.

> The Age field being on 3 bits it effectively limits the depth to 255
> levels no more, could be debatable.
> 

I think that the length of age field can varied. But do we need so many 
level of hierarchy?

> Overall, I could also say that the L2 solution I mentioned earlier
> (where different ESSID's are assigned to different moving networks) is
> transformed into a solution where the "Age" field is correctly used by
> every MR.  Both solutions could be correctly used, or abused :-)
> 
> Thanks again for asking me and feel free to discuss it on the nemo list.
> 
> Alex
> 

Thanks,
Hosik




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Subject: [nemo] Re: Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement
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Hi Alex,

Thanks for your detailed comment on my draft.
"Hierarchical mobile router advertisement for nested mobile networks"
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-cho-nemo-hmra-00.txt

Please, read in lines.

> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Alexandru Petrescu [mailto:Alexandru.Petrescu@motorola.com] 
> Subject: Re: Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement
> 
> Hello Eun Kyoung, thank you for asking me and sorry for not having
> followed-up with this thread when it occured; I continue it now.  Also,
> feel free to continue or re-initiate the discussion on the public list,
> I think it is benefic for the overall advancement.
> 
> Eun Kyoung Paik wrote:
> >>> Internet | AR | Parent MR | Child MR
> >>> 
> >>> In the figure, Parent MR may autoconfigure its CoA after it 
> >>> listens RA of AR. Then, Child MR may autoconfigure its CoA after 
> >>> it listens RA of Parent MR. After that, if Parent MR listens 
> >>> Child MR's RA, Parent MR configures new CoA according to Child 
> >>> MR's RA ?
> >> 
> >> In this particular configuration, I do not think that Parent MR 
> >> configures a CoA based on the Child MR RA.  There are two reasons 
> >> for that.
> >> 
> >> One is that according to the stateless autoconfiguration mechanisms
> >>  a router will not autoconfigure an address on an interface based 
> >> on received RA's.  Parent MR is a router, so.
> > 
> > Then, how MR's egress interface configures its CoA when it moves into
> >  a foreign link ? Doesn't it need RA from foreign link ?
> 
> I agree with you that this behaviour might look questionable.  Let me
> bring back some text from the NEMO base spec:
> 
> > A Mobile Router SHOULD NOT send unsolicited Router Advertisements and
> >  SHOULD NOT reply to Router Solicitations on any egress interface 
> > when that interface is attached to a visited link.
> 
> So, applying it to your scenario, it would mean that the child MR would
> not send RA's on its egress interface (directly connected to the parent
> MR's ingress).
> 

Basically, I assume that a MR has two interfaces. The child MR would not 
send RA's on its egress interface but would send RA's on its ingress 
interface.

> > A router typically ignores router advertisements sent by other 
> > routers on a link.  However, a Mobile Router MUST NOT ignore Router 
> > Advertisements received on the egress interface.  The received Router
> >  Advertisements MAY be used for address configuration, default router
> >  selection or movement detection.
> 
> This, applied to your scenario, would mean that the parent MR's egress
> interface does obtain a CoA from the AR and that the child MR's egress
> interface obtains a CoA from the parent MR's ingress interface's RA.
> 

Right. I think that nested mobile networks are formed this way.

> >> The other is that Child MR is, in fact, visiting the network of 
> >> Parent MR; when a MR is visiting, it acts as a host on its egress 
> >> interface, not as a router.  Thus it will not send RA's on its 
> >> egress interface if it is not at home, so Parent MR does not get 
> >> RA's from Child MR.
> > 
> > I wonder if parent MR's egress interrface listen the RA of child MR's
> >  ingress interface. (Child MR's ingress interface may broadcast its 
> > RA for its VMNs.)
> 
> Right, this is a good question.  I also think that in a nested mobile
> networks configuration where all interfaces are wireless there is a
> danger that some parent MR's egress interface might receive RA's emitted
> by some child MR's ingress interface and might get confused and
> configure a CoA and a default route that do not actually point to the
> Internet.
> 

My draft is focused on that situation when an MR uses both wireless 
interfaces for ingress and egress interface.

> It is entirely true that in such a completely wireless nested
> aggregation there might be a problem with RA's.  And not only RA's, this
> is only the initial problem, it could be even worse if all nodes in this
> aggregation were sending all types of packets to all others if an IP
> structuring (subnetting) were not respected.
> 
> The reason I'm staying personally away from tackling this problem is
> that in such an aggregation it is _first_ important to establish an L2
> connectivity graph, meaningfully.  Let me explain, if I were to build
> such an aggregated network for testing purposes with 802.11b, I would
> first and foremost make sure that each subnet of each MR has a different
> ESSID; this is in order for the LFN's of each MR's moving network be
> able to consistently talk to their respective MR; now, if the two moving
> networks have different ESSID's (and eventually different WEP keys),
> then the RA's sent by the child MR's ingress interface will not be seen
> at all by the parent MR's egress interface (even if in wireless range), 
> so no danger for the parent MR's to configure bad CoA and bad default route.
> 

In my opinion, when ARs and MRs use different ESSID, if an MR is getting 
into the larger mobile network, the MR need to select which ESSID it will 
use. That is also a confliction problem.

> If on the contrary the two moving networks have the same ESSID then not
> only the RA does not work properly, but a thousand other things won't work.
> 
> That's why, in my personal viewpoint, in a nested aggregation of moving
> networks it is important to first establish the meaningful L2
> connectivity first that respects the definition of a moving network
> itself (moving network is fixed subnet that moves homegeneously), on top
> of which it is easy to set up the working L3 topology.
> 
> Otherwise, if the L2 connectivity is not set correctly, then I think
> this goes out of scope of the moving networks concepts and becomes very
> much an manet issue, where everybody talks to everybody; that said, I
> don't think that in the manet world they've considered such fine detail
> as you do in your draft, but maybe they should.
> 
> > And how can we distinguish egress interface from ingress interface 
> > physically ?
> 
> Difficult to say indeed...
> 
> >> There is also a widely acknolwedged problem of "disconnected" 
> >> operation that was mentioned very early.
> > 
> > Could you breifly explain about "disconnected" operation ?
> 
> It's presented in detail in section B.5 "Example of disconnected
> operation issue" of draft-petrescu-nemo-mrha-03.txt (not expired).  It
> basically says that when two moving networks are nesting one under the
> other and the parent MR gets disconnected from the AR, then any LFN
> within the child MR's moving network is not able to talk to any other
> LFN of the parent MR's moving network (even though the two moving
> networks are physically attached).
> 
> Now, let me get back to your draft.  If I were to accept that that there
> is a problem of RA between child MR and parent MR, as you propose it,
> then I think that the proposed method is a potentially elegant solution
> to solve that problem (_if_ that is indeed a problem).  Also the
> Security Considerations section shows a good case of risk.
> 

I think, the risk of malicious RA is general problem of stateless address 
auto-configuration mechanism. So we need the method to secure the RA 
message.

> Section 1 second paragraph, 9th line, 10th word: I think you meant
> "ingress" and not "egress".
> 

Right, that is "ingress". That's my mistake.

> The Age field being on 3 bits it effectively limits the depth to 255
> levels no more, could be debatable.
> 

I think that the length of age field can varied. But do we need so many 
level of hierarchy?

> Overall, I could also say that the L2 solution I mentioned earlier
> (where different ESSID's are assigned to different moving networks) is
> transformed into a solution where the "Age" field is correctly used by
> every MR.  Both solutions could be correctly used, or abused :-)
> 
> Thanks again for asking me and feel free to discuss it on the nemo list.
> 
> Alex
> 

Thanks,
Hosik





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Eranga Perera wrote:
> But say for example a commuter needs to synchonize his calendar on 
> his PDA with the PC in his office. If we assume that visiting nodes 
> without MIPv6 capabilities are like LFNs then such applications 
> cannot be supported unless we take care of the security issues.

I have nothing against commuters in need of access everywhere everytime
and even would like to see IP access within NEMOed submarines, not only
buses or trains.

The security issues, how?  A PDA entering a train would use IPsec
between itself and its PC on its desktop at the office; the LFN-Desktop
IPsec tunnel would be re-tunneled by the MR and by MR's HA.

There would be no interaction between Node's IPsec and the MR-HA IPsec,
a matter of modularity...  or, do you think there should be some
interaction, why?

Otherwise, do you potentially have a specific security architecture in
mind that would support the non-MIPv6 Nodes (but still physically
mobile) in a way that is different than multiple IPsec encapsulation?

Or, if there is concern in that traffic unoptimally goes through the
MR's HA, then this is more or less an RO issue, no?

Alex



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Eranga Perera wrote:
> But say for example a commuter needs to synchonize his calendar on 
> his PDA with the PC in his office. If we assume that visiting nodes 
> without MIPv6 capabilities are like LFNs then such applications 
> cannot be supported unless we take care of the security issues.

I have nothing against commuters in need of access everywhere everytime
and even would like to see IP access within NEMOed submarines, not only
buses or trains.

The security issues, how?  A PDA entering a train would use IPsec
between itself and its PC on its desktop at the office; the LFN-Desktop
IPsec tunnel would be re-tunneled by the MR and by MR's HA.

There would be no interaction between Node's IPsec and the MR-HA IPsec,
a matter of modularity...  or, do you think there should be some
interaction, why?

Otherwise, do you potentially have a specific security architecture in
mind that would support the non-MIPv6 Nodes (but still physically
mobile) in a way that is different than multiple IPsec encapsulation?

Or, if there is concern in that traffic unoptimally goes through the
MR's HA, then this is more or less an RO issue, no?

Alex




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Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement
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Hosik Cho wrote:
> My draft is focused on that situation when an MR uses both wireless 
> interfaces for ingress and egress interface.
> 
> In my opinion, when ARs and MRs use different ESSID, if an MR is 
> getting into the larger mobile network, the MR need to select which 
> ESSID it will use. That is also a confliction problem.

By the definition in the draft, this is a confliction problem _only_ if
the two wireless interfaces have the same ESSID; not only will the
egress interface of the parent MR receive RA's from the ingress
interface of the child MR but the egress interface of the child MR too
will receive RA's from the ingress interface of the same MR (child); in
this way, there is a danger in that the egress interface of the child MR
might form a CoA based on the RA emitted by its own ingress interface.

But, if there are different ESSID's per each subnet (one ESSID for the
link of the parent MR's moving network and another ESSID for the link of
the child MR's link and yet another different ESSID for the AR) then I
think there is no confliction problem, because RA's sent by various
interfaces are visiblel only within the respective link.

> I think, the risk of malicious RA is general problem of stateless 
> address auto-configuration mechanism. So we need the method to secure
>  the RA message.

I think that securing RA's is tackled within SEND, maybe we can reuse
from them, or inform about the necessity of it as suggested by your
scenario.

>> The Age field being on 3 bits it effectively limits the depth to 
>> 255 levels no more, could be debatable.
> 
> I think that the length of age field can varied. But do we need so 
> many level of hierarchy?

Probably not in my oppinion, I am not aware of scenarios requiring more
than 4 levels...

So overall, I think that if we acknowledge that there is a danger in
that the parent MR egress interface accidentally uses the child MR's
ingress RA's, then there are distinctive possibilities to deal with it:

-define the right L2 reachability (for WLAN it's by using different
  ESSID's per subnet).
-use RA Age mechanism described in your draft.
-use SEND.

Or?

Alex



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Subject: Re: [nemo] Re: Hierarchical Mobile Router Advertisement
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Hosik Cho wrote:
> My draft is focused on that situation when an MR uses both wireless 
> interfaces for ingress and egress interface.
> 
> In my opinion, when ARs and MRs use different ESSID, if an MR is 
> getting into the larger mobile network, the MR need to select which 
> ESSID it will use. That is also a confliction problem.

By the definition in the draft, this is a confliction problem _only_ if
the two wireless interfaces have the same ESSID; not only will the
egress interface of the parent MR receive RA's from the ingress
interface of the child MR but the egress interface of the child MR too
will receive RA's from the ingress interface of the same MR (child); in
this way, there is a danger in that the egress interface of the child MR
might form a CoA based on the RA emitted by its own ingress interface.

But, if there are different ESSID's per each subnet (one ESSID for the
link of the parent MR's moving network and another ESSID for the link of
the child MR's link and yet another different ESSID for the AR) then I
think there is no confliction problem, because RA's sent by various
interfaces are visiblel only within the respective link.

> I think, the risk of malicious RA is general problem of stateless 
> address auto-configuration mechanism. So we need the method to secure
>  the RA message.

I think that securing RA's is tackled within SEND, maybe we can reuse
from them, or inform about the necessity of it as suggested by your
scenario.

>> The Age field being on 3 bits it effectively limits the depth to 
>> 255 levels no more, could be debatable.
> 
> I think that the length of age field can varied. But do we need so 
> many level of hierarchy?

Probably not in my oppinion, I am not aware of scenarios requiring more
than 4 levels...

So overall, I think that if we acknowledge that there is a danger in
that the parent MR egress interface accidentally uses the child MR's
ingress RA's, then there are distinctive possibilities to deal with it:

-define the right L2 reachability (for WLAN it's by using different
  ESSID's per subnet).
-use RA Age mechanism described in your draft.
-use SEND.

Or?

Alex




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Feb 27 19:43:32 2004
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hi Alex,

sorry for the very late reply. :(

Alexandru Petrescu wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I suggest, if explicit mode is used, to have the MNP's Mobility Options
> included in the Mobility Header of a BU sent by MR when it returns home.
> 
> The existing section 5.8 Returning Home of basic support 02 is silent
> about this.  Or maybe it is understood that when MR comes back home
> _all_ MNP's must be deregistered?  If yes, this is IMHO a feature of
> implicit mode, and for the explicit mode it should be stated.

if the BU is a de-registration BU, the HA is not going to
process any Mobile Network Prefix options in the BU. once
it sees the lifetime set to 0, it just removes the binding
cache entry for the MN and all the associated MNP routes
for a particular MR.

so there is no need for the MR to include MNPs in the BU
in the explicit mode. the HA is going to ignore them
anyway.

I will add some text to make this more explicit.

Vijay




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hi Alex,

sorry for the very late reply. :(

Alexandru Petrescu wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I suggest, if explicit mode is used, to have the MNP's Mobility Options
> included in the Mobility Header of a BU sent by MR when it returns home.
> 
> The existing section 5.8 Returning Home of basic support 02 is silent
> about this.  Or maybe it is understood that when MR comes back home
> _all_ MNP's must be deregistered?  If yes, this is IMHO a feature of
> implicit mode, and for the explicit mode it should be stated.

if the BU is a de-registration BU, the HA is not going to
process any Mobile Network Prefix options in the BU. once
it sees the lifetime set to 0, it just removes the binding
cache entry for the MN and all the associated MNP routes
for a particular MR.

so there is no need for the MR to include MNPs in the BU
in the explicit mode. the HA is going to ignore them
anyway.

I will add some text to make this more explicit.

Vijay





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Fri Feb 27 19:57:31 2004
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Pascal,

the current text says

    The source address
    of the inner IPv6 header MUST be a topologically correct address with
    respect to the IPv6 prefixes used in the mobile network.

this text covers all three (a), (b) and (c) from the text you
are proposing below. it does not exclude any of them.

>  That active registration. The source address of the inner IPv6 header
> may be either:
>  a) the Home address for that registration (MN or MR)
>  b) a global address from an MNP associated to that registration for a
> registration with the
>  'R' bit set
>  c) ) more generally, if some additional routing takes place, an address
> from a prefix that is
>  routed via the registration home address, for a registration with the
> 'R' bit set.
>  
>  ------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> I believe we should open an issue for it. Note that MIPv6 is clear and
> right about the fact that the inner packet has to be checked to make
> sure that the tunnel is used by MN. Checking that the tunnel source
> exists is not enough for basic Nemo. 

thats not what the current text says. the source address should
should belong to a MNP that the mobile router is known to use.

Vijay




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Pascal,

the current text says

    The source address
    of the inner IPv6 header MUST be a topologically correct address with
    respect to the IPv6 prefixes used in the mobile network.

this text covers all three (a), (b) and (c) from the text you
are proposing below. it does not exclude any of them.

>  That active registration. The source address of the inner IPv6 header
> may be either:
>  a) the Home address for that registration (MN or MR)
>  b) a global address from an MNP associated to that registration for a
> registration with the
>  'R' bit set
>  c) ) more generally, if some additional routing takes place, an address
> from a prefix that is
>  routed via the registration home address, for a registration with the
> 'R' bit set.
>  
>  ------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 
> I believe we should open an issue for it. Note that MIPv6 is clear and
> right about the fact that the inner packet has to be checked to make
> sure that the tunnel is used by MN. Checking that the tunnel source
> exists is not enough for basic Nemo. 

thats not what the current text says. the source address should
should belong to a MNP that the mobile router is known to use.

Vijay





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sat Feb 28 20:24:38 2004
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> Just one more detail: the fact that multiple prefixes are advertised on
> the mobile network's egreess interface doesn't preclude that multiple
> NEMO-prefixes will be advertised down the mobile network.

But if you do that, the isp associated with the prefix that you are not
announcing won't be used by the MNN (unless you rewrite the addresses at the
exit or something like this) So you reduce the case to a single homed
network.

[...]

> Not allowing to advertise multiple prefixes may be one recommendation,

I don't think so, see above

> but then, it means we have to design a protocol to synchronize MRs.

I guess that you will need more than that, as stated above.

> On
> the other hand, if we allow the advertisement of multiple NEMO-prefixes,
> MNNs have to select their source address.

Yes, like in most of the multihomed site solutions.

Regards, marcelo
>
> What I said is of course orthogonal with multiple NEMO-prefix
> registration with the HA.
>
> > Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming
> to work in
> > IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.
>
> Thierry
>




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> -----Mensaje original-----
> De: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org]En nombre de Thierry
> Ernst
> Enviado el: jueves, 26 de febrero de 2004 10:01
> Para: mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es
> CC: mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com; cwng@psl.com.sg;
> eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr; nemo@ietf.org
> Asunto: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
>
>
>
>
> Hi,
>
> > > It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work.
> > > Either the MRs or the MNNs.
> >
> > Perhaps in the case of multiple prefixes, the dirty work has to
> be carried
> > by the Home Network Site Exit routers?
>
> Can we be more specific with 'dirty work' ?

Well,a possibility to solve this problem is to create a mesh of tunnels
between the exit router, so that they forward the packet to the exit isp
router that it is connected to the ISP that matches the source address
included in the packet

>
> > > To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get
> connectivity
> > > in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as
> > > draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.
> >
> > Fully agree with the first statement.
> > But Host centric (draft-huitema-multi6-hosts) approach allows
> exactly this
> > for multihomed network.
> >
> > That is, that a regular IPv6 host is connected to the
> multihomed network and
> > still works properly.
> > Clearly, there some benefits, like preserving established communications
> > through outages, that it will not be able to obtain, but at
> least it will
> > work fine and its operation won't be disturbed because of multihoming.
> >
> > >
> > > So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or
> to simplify
> > > the MR?
> >
> > I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
> > Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though
> >
> > > It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
> > > introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
> > > earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's
> point of view!
> >
> > Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not
> specific to nemo.
> > I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
> > benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it
> also has to be
> > updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.
>
> Fully agree.
>
> What is specific to NEMO WG is the ability to register several
> NEMO-prefixes with the HA, if we need to.
>
> Obtaining all potential benefits of multihoming is not a NEMO task. It
> should be carried on by another WG which doesn't focus on mobility. On
> the other hand, our goal is to document the issues; I suspect actions
> will have been taken by other WGs based on the conclusions of the NEMO
> Multihoming Pb Statement WG document.

I agree.
I guess that the problem here is to identify which are the NEMO specific
issues that are not present in the general case of a multihomed site.

See my answer to Mattias w.r.t. this

Regards, marcelo

>
> Thierry.
>
>
>
>
>




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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Chan-Wah NG" <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Cc: "Mattias Pettersson" <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>,
        "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        "Eun Kyoung Paik" <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>,
        "IETF NEMO WG" <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 01:24:04 +0100
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> In this case, it is not the mobile network that is multihomed, but the
> MNN is multihomed.  And MR shouldn't prevent it (as per
> draft-ietf-nemo-requirements)

I don't really agree with this definition, see coments about the terminology
draft

>
> > I mean, i would say that a natural case for this is that the
> Home network is
> > multihomed, but not really the Mobile Network.
> > In this case, i guess that there is nothing NEMO specific, only
> that general
> > multi6 solutions have to be supported.
> >
>
> In a fixed network, as you or Mattias mentioned in an earlier post, no
> administrator would be crazy enough to build a network, configured it
> with multiple prefixes but have each router handles only one prefix and
> discards packets with source addresses from the other prefixes.
>
> In NEMO, this scenario becomes possible.  Consider two NEMOs coming
> together, or a NEMO with two MRs, each subscribing to services from
> different ISPs.
>
> It may not be NEMO-specific, depending on your interpretation of
> "NEMO-specific".  But IMHO its clear that NEMO make the problem more
> "real".
>
> The draft's objective to raise the readers' awareness to this kind of
> problems.  Having done that, if the WG feels that it is worthwhile to
> solve it here, we then discuss how to solve it.  If the WG feels that
> this is better left until a candidate solution emerged from multi6, we
> mention this is the document, and points interested implementors to
> consider the solutions coming out of the multi6 group.

> Does this make sense?

Yes.

Regards, marcelo

>
> /rgds
> /cwng
>





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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Cc: <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: comments about the terminolohy draft (was: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft)
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Hi Thierry,

> This is may be a definition issue ?  I agree that taking the definition
> to the words may tell that any host in the Internet is multihomed since
> border routers usually are.  I would indeed say that the MRs might be
> multihoming, but the MNNs might not be.

Yes, agree with you. see my comments below.

>
> I would appreciate if you could read through the multihoming section in
> draft-ietf-nemo-terminology and comment on the definition. That would be
> helpful for us.


Comments about the terminology draft:

Section 3.4: i would include the definition of Mobile router, even if it
would mean to copy it from draft-ietf-seambody-terminology, so that the
draft it is self-contained. I mean, if it is not included, the draft is
harder to read, since you have to check with the other document.

Section 3.5 same comment than 3.4

Section 3.6 same comment than 3.4

Section 3.9 same comment than 3.4

Section 3.11 I think that this definition is confusing (as it was expressed
by the visiting nodes thread recently IMHO) consider the case of a node that
attaches the NEMO using dhcp because it just wants connectivity. This is not
a VMN, it is just a LFN in this context. IMHO, the definition included in
section 2. is much better since it reads:
"  fixed nodes(nodes unable to change their point of attachment
   while maintaining ongoing sessions),"
this is IMHO the appropriate definition of LFN (and it is already included
in the draft :-)

Section 3.12 This definition is also confusing IMHO, since it includes as a
mobile node, a node accessing through dhcp. There is also in Section 2 a
more appropriate definition of mobile node:
"  mobile nodes (nodes able to change their point of attachment while
   maintaining ongoing sessions)."

I would add that a LMN has it HoA that belongs to the MNP


Section 3.13 This is also confusing IMHO. I would use the same definition
proposed above for LMN but changing that the HoA does not belong to the MNP

Section 3.17 does the CN support MIPv6 RO or not or it is indifferent?

Section 5.1

If multiaddressed nodes are considered multihomed, then, as you already
noted, all nodes are multihomed, at least in IPv6 because of link local
addresses. IMHO, including multiaddressed nodes as they are into the
multihomed node definition, greatly reduces the meaning of the expression,
since all the nodes are now multihomed, so multihomed node is synonymous of
node, at that is not what we want i guess. We could add an additional
condition, requiring that both addresses are global, but again, both
addresses could belong to the same site (for whatever reason) and this is
not what multihomed means. OTOH, i do understand that a node that has
obtained addresses from different ISP, these addresses may have different
properties, and selecting one or other may imply different services. This is
also true in the case of a mobile node that has the HoA and the CoA, in this
case using one or the other impacts in the characteristics of the packet
flow.
However, i think that the first case, it is a node within a multihomed site
i.e. a multihomed site node, if you wish, and we could define it as this
(Multihomed Network node: a node with multiple addresses, from different
providers) and the second case it is just a mobile node. So, in order to
provide a definition that matches the expected meaning  (at least the
meaning that i expect :-) of a multihomed node, IMHO the multiaddress case
should be omitted.

Section 5.1

delete the multi-sited case, since site locals are being deprecated

Section 5.2

Again, i would not include the multiaddressed case as it is, since it means
that because of the link local case all routers are multihomed and that some
degenerated cases like the ones mentioned above are included as multihomed
MR. So, i would omit this case. However, i would include in the multiple
interfaces case the case of a MR with multiple tunnel interfaces. This is
particularly true IMHO for the multihomed MR, when it has two different HA
and two different tunnels, since it has two different accesses to the
internet, one per HA.

Section 5.3

Here the definitions don't really match, IMHO

I mean it is stated that the NEMO is multihomed if it has more than one
active interface connected to the internet (which i agree)
But then, it states that this happens when the MR is multihomed. The problem
here is that if the MR is simply multiaddresses, it doesn't have multiple
egress interfaces, so both definitions don't match. Again, i would remove
the multiaddressed case as it is currently stated.

Perhaps it would be interesting to include the definition of a
multiconnected NEMO, which is the case that the NEMO has multiple
connections with its home network, but it doesn't have multiple ISPs.

Section 5.4

Same than the multihomed NEMO case, a multihomed MR as stated may not have
multiple active egress interfaces.


Mostly editorial:

Section 3 states that:
"  LFN, VMN and LMN. The distinction is a property of how different
   types of nodes can move in the topology and is necessary to discuss
   issues related to mobility management and access control, but does
   not preclude that mobility should be handled differently."

I don't understand the meaning of the last sentence. I mean, what mobility
are you referring to, to network mobility or to host mobility. If it is the
last,
i don't understand what do you say "preclude", wouldn't have to be changed
to another verb, like "imply"

Section 3.3 s/DEPRECIATED/DEPRECATED
                    ^
Section 3.3 add a " to the second MONET

Section 3.7 NEMO-Prefix (MNP) the acronym doesn't match the meaning. Include
Mobile Network Prefix

Section 3.14 NEMO-enabled (NEMO-node)
                   add   ^ "node"
Section 4.5
s/depreciated/deprecated

Section 5.5

remove the 1 in NEMO-11

Section 6.1

It reads "It could be achieved using Mobile IPv6"

I would rephrase it to "It can be achieved using Mobile IP or other mobility
support mechanism" because in the way that it is stated to me it seems that
perhaps MIPv6 doesn't achieve mobility :-)

Section 6.3

It reads:

"  NEMO Basic Support is a solution to preserve session continuity by
   means of bidirectional tunneling much like what is done using [1] for
   mobile nodes."

[1] also specifies RO for mobile nodes, so i would add a "when RO is not
used" at the end.

Section References

split into Normative references

>
> Thierry.
>
>





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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
        "Mattias Pettersson" <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Cc: "nemo" <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 01:24:05 +0100
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> Just one more detail: the fact that multiple prefixes are advertised on
> the mobile network's egreess interface doesn't preclude that multiple
> NEMO-prefixes will be advertised down the mobile network.

But if you do that, the isp associated with the prefix that you are not
announcing won't be used by the MNN (unless you rewrite the addresses at the
exit or something like this) So you reduce the case to a single homed
network.

[...]

> Not allowing to advertise multiple prefixes may be one recommendation,

I don't think so, see above

> but then, it means we have to design a protocol to synchronize MRs.

I guess that you will need more than that, as stated above.

> On
> the other hand, if we allow the advertisement of multiple NEMO-prefixes,
> MNNs have to select their source address.

Yes, like in most of the multihomed site solutions.

Regards, marcelo
>
> What I said is of course orthogonal with multiple NEMO-prefix
> registration with the HA.
>
> > Such a general host behaviour may be required for multihoming
> to work in
> > IPv6 some day, but we have not reached that point yet.
>
> Thierry
>





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Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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> -----Mensaje original-----
> De: nemo-admin@ietf.org [mailto:nemo-admin@ietf.org]En nombre de Thierry
> Ernst
> Enviado el: jueves, 26 de febrero de 2004 10:01
> Para: mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es
> CC: mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com; cwng@psl.com.sg;
> eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr; nemo@ietf.org
> Asunto: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
>
>
>
>
> Hi,
>
> > > It is a question on what entities should carry out the dirty work.
> > > Either the MRs or the MNNs.
> >
> > Perhaps in the case of multiple prefixes, the dirty work has to
> be carried
> > by the Home Network Site Exit routers?
>
> Can we be more specific with 'dirty work' ?

Well,a possibility to solve this problem is to create a mesh of tunnels
between the exit router, so that they forward the packet to the exit isp
router that it is connected to the ISP that matches the source address
included in the packet

>
> > > To me it is important that legacy IPv6 hosts can still get
> connectivity
> > > in a moving network without having to implement new proposals such as
> > > draft-huitema-multi6-hosts-xx.
> >
> > Fully agree with the first statement.
> > But Host centric (draft-huitema-multi6-hosts) approach allows
> exactly this
> > for multihomed network.
> >
> > That is, that a regular IPv6 host is connected to the
> multihomed network and
> > still works properly.
> > Clearly, there some benefits, like preserving established communications
> > through outages, that it will not be able to obtain, but at
> least it will
> > work fine and its operation won't be disturbed because of multihoming.
> >
> > >
> > > So what is most important: to support standard IPv6 hosts or
> to simplify
> > > the MR?
> >
> > I fully agree that standard IPv6 have to keep on working properly.
> > Perhaps they won't obtain all the multihoming benefits, though
> >
> > > It seems like in order to simplify the MR we are proposing to
> > > introduce a NEMO scenario that was considered "broken" in the IPv6 WG
> > > earlier. All routers on a link are equal, from the host's
> point of view!
> >
> > Well, again this IMHO is generic to multihoming and not
> specific to nemo.
> > I guess that if a hosts has to be updated to obtain full multihoming
> > benefits in a fixed network, it would be reasonable that it
> also has to be
> > updated in order to obtain multihoming benefits in nemo.
>
> Fully agree.
>
> What is specific to NEMO WG is the ability to register several
> NEMO-prefixes with the HA, if we need to.
>
> Obtaining all potential benefits of multihoming is not a NEMO task. It
> should be carried on by another WG which doesn't focus on mobility. On
> the other hand, our goal is to document the issues; I suspect actions
> will have been taken by other WGs based on the conclusions of the NEMO
> Multihoming Pb Statement WG document.

I agree.
I guess that the problem here is to identify which are the NEMO specific
issues that are not present in the general case of a multihomed site.

See my answer to Mattias w.r.t. this

Regards, marcelo

>
> Thierry.
>
>
>
>
>





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Reply-To: <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Mattias Pettersson" <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>
Cc: "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>, <cwng@psl.com.sg>,
        <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>, <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 01:24:06 +0100
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> Yes, sorry, for case N,1,N I fully agree. It is the home network that is
> multihomed and it will ultimately have to deal with this. The MRs can
> get away with their behaviour.

So why don't we just split these two different cases:

  there are four different situations to be considered of NEMO with multiple
  prefixes, according to the draft:
  (sorry that i dont use the (x,y,z) notation, i am still getting used to
it)
  Multiple prefixes with single home address and single MR
  Multiple prefixes with multiple home address and single MR
  Multiple prefixes with single home address and multiple MR
  Multiple prefixes with multiple home address and multiple MR

  IMHO, the first case and the third case are not about a multihomed NEMO
  but about a multihomed Home network
  I agree that the second and the fourth case can be about a multihomed nemo

>
> >    o  (N,N,N) Mobile Network
> >
> >       The (N,N,N) mobile network has multiple mobile routers,
> >       registering to multiple home-agents and advertising prefixes.
> >       This may be a case of multiple non-multihomed network superimposed
> >       together, i.e. each mobile router take cares of one prefix, and
> >       register to separate home agents.
>
> It is the N, N, N (alternative 1, see above) that I've drifted into.
> This is the case where NEMO introduces more requirements on hosts than
> what ND does.
>
> Look at this case from the MNN's point of view. It hears two routers
> (MRs) advertising themselves as capable of routing all traffic (i.e.
> stating that they are default routers). To follow the example in
> draft-huitema-multi6-hosts section 3.3 we have MNN as X with two
> addresses A:X and B:X. It wants to communicate with Y both available at
> C:Y and D:Y. If X can't be allowed to establish a communication between
> any of the four combinations {ax-cy, bx-cy, ax-dy, bx-dy} then something
> is seriously wrong with the configuration of the network. As far as X
> goes it MUST NOT have to know that site-exit router R-A only accepts
> packets with source address with prefix A. Why is a default router
> claiming that it can route all traffic only to drop some of it the next
> minute?

Well, this is the site exit issue, decribedin the draft and it is common to
all multihomed sites that have multiple prefixes. This is not specific to
NEMO

>
> None of the cases that I've seen in IPv6 and multi6 claim that X must
> select the correct default router in order to communicate.

Well, i would state it otherwise.
IMHO it is important that any multihoming solution supports "legacy" hosts
that don't implement new mechanisms.
So, i agree with you, and again this is common to any multihomed site

However, some optimizations may require that the host selects the apropriate
exit router or the apropriate prefix in order to reach a certain
destiantion, but these must be only optimizations, and they must preclude
the normal operation of legacy hosts.

> Yes, the
> packet must have the right source address to be carried over the ISP's
> network, but that is something the routers have to deal with. Yes, ISP B
> may be "better" in some sense (and sometimes routers only route on
> destination addresses, which is bad in this case), but unless X knows
> that, how can it know what source address to use for its default traffic?

As mentioned, legacy host has to be supported in a multihoming solution, see
RFC 3582

"3.2.3.  Impact on Hosts

   The solution should not destroy IPv6 connectivity for a legacy host
   implementing RFC 3513 [3], RFC 2460 [4], RFC 3493 [5], and other
   basic IPv6 specifications current in April 2003.  That is to say, if
   a host can work in a single-homed site, it should still be able to
   work in a multihomed site, even if it cannot benefit from site-
   multihoming."

>
> To me it is a serious mistake by a router to claim it is a default
> router if it really isn't. Until the hosts get more information about
> ISP preferences and ingress filtering policies, the router must deal
> with this mess.

I fully agree with you

>
> So, yes, to answer your question: NEMO case N,N,N introduces a (broken)
> network configuration previously unknown to/unsupported by IPv6
> and multi6.

Here is where we disagree :-)

This is exactly the same situation than in any multihomed site that
announces multiple prefixes.
A multihoming solution has to provide a solution for this, fulfilling the
requirement to honor legacy hosts as you require.

Regards, marcelo

>
> /Mattias
>
>
>
>
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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Chan-Wah NG" <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Cc: "Mattias Pettersson" <mattias.l.pettersson@ericsson.com>,
        "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>,
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        "IETF NEMO WG" <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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> In this case, it is not the mobile network that is multihomed, but the
> MNN is multihomed.  And MR shouldn't prevent it (as per
> draft-ietf-nemo-requirements)

I don't really agree with this definition, see coments about the terminology
draft

>
> > I mean, i would say that a natural case for this is that the
> Home network is
> > multihomed, but not really the Mobile Network.
> > In this case, i guess that there is nothing NEMO specific, only
> that general
> > multi6 solutions have to be supported.
> >
>
> In a fixed network, as you or Mattias mentioned in an earlier post, no
> administrator would be crazy enough to build a network, configured it
> with multiple prefixes but have each router handles only one prefix and
> discards packets with source addresses from the other prefixes.
>
> In NEMO, this scenario becomes possible.  Consider two NEMOs coming
> together, or a NEMO with two MRs, each subscribing to services from
> different ISPs.
>
> It may not be NEMO-specific, depending on your interpretation of
> "NEMO-specific".  But IMHO its clear that NEMO make the problem more
> "real".
>
> The draft's objective to raise the readers' awareness to this kind of
> problems.  Having done that, if the WG feels that it is worthwhile to
> solve it here, we then discuss how to solve it.  If the WG feels that
> this is better left until a candidate solution emerged from multi6, we
> mention this is the document, and points interested implementors to
> consider the solutions coming out of the multi6 group.

> Does this make sense?

Yes.

Regards, marcelo

>
> /rgds
> /cwng
>




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Subject: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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> Yes, sorry, for case N,1,N I fully agree. It is the home network that is
> multihomed and it will ultimately have to deal with this. The MRs can
> get away with their behaviour.

So why don't we just split these two different cases:

  there are four different situations to be considered of NEMO with multiple
  prefixes, according to the draft:
  (sorry that i dont use the (x,y,z) notation, i am still getting used to
it)
  Multiple prefixes with single home address and single MR
  Multiple prefixes with multiple home address and single MR
  Multiple prefixes with single home address and multiple MR
  Multiple prefixes with multiple home address and multiple MR

  IMHO, the first case and the third case are not about a multihomed NEMO
  but about a multihomed Home network
  I agree that the second and the fourth case can be about a multihomed nemo

>
> >    o  (N,N,N) Mobile Network
> >
> >       The (N,N,N) mobile network has multiple mobile routers,
> >       registering to multiple home-agents and advertising prefixes.
> >       This may be a case of multiple non-multihomed network superimposed
> >       together, i.e. each mobile router take cares of one prefix, and
> >       register to separate home agents.
>
> It is the N, N, N (alternative 1, see above) that I've drifted into.
> This is the case where NEMO introduces more requirements on hosts than
> what ND does.
>
> Look at this case from the MNN's point of view. It hears two routers
> (MRs) advertising themselves as capable of routing all traffic (i.e.
> stating that they are default routers). To follow the example in
> draft-huitema-multi6-hosts section 3.3 we have MNN as X with two
> addresses A:X and B:X. It wants to communicate with Y both available at
> C:Y and D:Y. If X can't be allowed to establish a communication between
> any of the four combinations {ax-cy, bx-cy, ax-dy, bx-dy} then something
> is seriously wrong with the configuration of the network. As far as X
> goes it MUST NOT have to know that site-exit router R-A only accepts
> packets with source address with prefix A. Why is a default router
> claiming that it can route all traffic only to drop some of it the next
> minute?

Well, this is the site exit issue, decribedin the draft and it is common to
all multihomed sites that have multiple prefixes. This is not specific to
NEMO

>
> None of the cases that I've seen in IPv6 and multi6 claim that X must
> select the correct default router in order to communicate.

Well, i would state it otherwise.
IMHO it is important that any multihoming solution supports "legacy" hosts
that don't implement new mechanisms.
So, i agree with you, and again this is common to any multihomed site

However, some optimizations may require that the host selects the apropriate
exit router or the apropriate prefix in order to reach a certain
destiantion, but these must be only optimizations, and they must preclude
the normal operation of legacy hosts.

> Yes, the
> packet must have the right source address to be carried over the ISP's
> network, but that is something the routers have to deal with. Yes, ISP B
> may be "better" in some sense (and sometimes routers only route on
> destination addresses, which is bad in this case), but unless X knows
> that, how can it know what source address to use for its default traffic?

As mentioned, legacy host has to be supported in a multihoming solution, see
RFC 3582

"3.2.3.  Impact on Hosts

   The solution should not destroy IPv6 connectivity for a legacy host
   implementing RFC 3513 [3], RFC 2460 [4], RFC 3493 [5], and other
   basic IPv6 specifications current in April 2003.  That is to say, if
   a host can work in a single-homed site, it should still be able to
   work in a multihomed site, even if it cannot benefit from site-
   multihoming."

>
> To me it is a serious mistake by a router to claim it is a default
> router if it really isn't. Until the hosts get more information about
> ISP preferences and ingress filtering policies, the router must deal
> with this mess.

I fully agree with you

>
> So, yes, to answer your question: NEMO case N,N,N introduces a (broken)
> network configuration previously unknown to/unsupported by IPv6
> and multi6.

Here is where we disagree :-)

This is exactly the same situation than in any multihomed site that
announces multiple prefixes.
A multihoming solution has to provide a solution for this, fulfilling the
requirement to honor legacy hosts as you require.

Regards, marcelo

>
> /Mattias
>
>
>
>
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>
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> we only send and receive e-mails on the basis that we are not
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From: "marcelo bagnulo" <mbagnulo@ing.uc3m.es>
To: "Thierry Ernst" <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
Cc: <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: comments about the terminolohy draft (was: RE: [nemo] merged multihoming draft)
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Hi Thierry,

> This is may be a definition issue ?  I agree that taking the definition
> to the words may tell that any host in the Internet is multihomed since
> border routers usually are.  I would indeed say that the MRs might be
> multihoming, but the MNNs might not be.

Yes, agree with you. see my comments below.

>
> I would appreciate if you could read through the multihoming section in
> draft-ietf-nemo-terminology and comment on the definition. That would be
> helpful for us.


Comments about the terminology draft:

Section 3.4: i would include the definition of Mobile router, even if it
would mean to copy it from draft-ietf-seambody-terminology, so that the
draft it is self-contained. I mean, if it is not included, the draft is
harder to read, since you have to check with the other document.

Section 3.5 same comment than 3.4

Section 3.6 same comment than 3.4

Section 3.9 same comment than 3.4

Section 3.11 I think that this definition is confusing (as it was expressed
by the visiting nodes thread recently IMHO) consider the case of a node that
attaches the NEMO using dhcp because it just wants connectivity. This is not
a VMN, it is just a LFN in this context. IMHO, the definition included in
section 2. is much better since it reads:
"  fixed nodes(nodes unable to change their point of attachment
   while maintaining ongoing sessions),"
this is IMHO the appropriate definition of LFN (and it is already included
in the draft :-)

Section 3.12 This definition is also confusing IMHO, since it includes as a
mobile node, a node accessing through dhcp. There is also in Section 2 a
more appropriate definition of mobile node:
"  mobile nodes (nodes able to change their point of attachment while
   maintaining ongoing sessions)."

I would add that a LMN has it HoA that belongs to the MNP


Section 3.13 This is also confusing IMHO. I would use the same definition
proposed above for LMN but changing that the HoA does not belong to the MNP

Section 3.17 does the CN support MIPv6 RO or not or it is indifferent?

Section 5.1

If multiaddressed nodes are considered multihomed, then, as you already
noted, all nodes are multihomed, at least in IPv6 because of link local
addresses. IMHO, including multiaddressed nodes as they are into the
multihomed node definition, greatly reduces the meaning of the expression,
since all the nodes are now multihomed, so multihomed node is synonymous of
node, at that is not what we want i guess. We could add an additional
condition, requiring that both addresses are global, but again, both
addresses could belong to the same site (for whatever reason) and this is
not what multihomed means. OTOH, i do understand that a node that has
obtained addresses from different ISP, these addresses may have different
properties, and selecting one or other may imply different services. This is
also true in the case of a mobile node that has the HoA and the CoA, in this
case using one or the other impacts in the characteristics of the packet
flow.
However, i think that the first case, it is a node within a multihomed site
i.e. a multihomed site node, if you wish, and we could define it as this
(Multihomed Network node: a node with multiple addresses, from different
providers) and the second case it is just a mobile node. So, in order to
provide a definition that matches the expected meaning  (at least the
meaning that i expect :-) of a multihomed node, IMHO the multiaddress case
should be omitted.

Section 5.1

delete the multi-sited case, since site locals are being deprecated

Section 5.2

Again, i would not include the multiaddressed case as it is, since it means
that because of the link local case all routers are multihomed and that some
degenerated cases like the ones mentioned above are included as multihomed
MR. So, i would omit this case. However, i would include in the multiple
interfaces case the case of a MR with multiple tunnel interfaces. This is
particularly true IMHO for the multihomed MR, when it has two different HA
and two different tunnels, since it has two different accesses to the
internet, one per HA.

Section 5.3

Here the definitions don't really match, IMHO

I mean it is stated that the NEMO is multihomed if it has more than one
active interface connected to the internet (which i agree)
But then, it states that this happens when the MR is multihomed. The problem
here is that if the MR is simply multiaddresses, it doesn't have multiple
egress interfaces, so both definitions don't match. Again, i would remove
the multiaddressed case as it is currently stated.

Perhaps it would be interesting to include the definition of a
multiconnected NEMO, which is the case that the NEMO has multiple
connections with its home network, but it doesn't have multiple ISPs.

Section 5.4

Same than the multihomed NEMO case, a multihomed MR as stated may not have
multiple active egress interfaces.


Mostly editorial:

Section 3 states that:
"  LFN, VMN and LMN. The distinction is a property of how different
   types of nodes can move in the topology and is necessary to discuss
   issues related to mobility management and access control, but does
   not preclude that mobility should be handled differently."

I don't understand the meaning of the last sentence. I mean, what mobility
are you referring to, to network mobility or to host mobility. If it is the
last,
i don't understand what do you say "preclude", wouldn't have to be changed
to another verb, like "imply"

Section 3.3 s/DEPRECIATED/DEPRECATED
                    ^
Section 3.3 add a " to the second MONET

Section 3.7 NEMO-Prefix (MNP) the acronym doesn't match the meaning. Include
Mobile Network Prefix

Section 3.14 NEMO-enabled (NEMO-node)
                   add   ^ "node"
Section 4.5
s/depreciated/deprecated

Section 5.5

remove the 1 in NEMO-11

Section 6.1

It reads "It could be achieved using Mobile IPv6"

I would rephrase it to "It can be achieved using Mobile IP or other mobility
support mechanism" because in the way that it is stated to me it seems that
perhaps MIPv6 doesn't achieve mobility :-)

Section 6.3

It reads:

"  NEMO Basic Support is a solution to preserve session continuity by
   means of bidirectional tunneling much like what is done using [1] for
   mobile nodes."

[1] also specifies RO for mobile nodes, so i would add a "when RO is not
used" at the end.

Section References

split into Normative references

>
> Thierry.
>
>




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 03:56:52 2004
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Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 23:11:51 -0800
From: "S. Felix Wu" <wu@cs.ucdavis.edu>
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        wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Subject: [nemo] can an HA itself be an MNN under NEMO?
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Hi,

During our analysis of multi-homing and nested NEMO cases, we
have encountered a question, hopefully get some clarifications
from the NEMO working group:

	-- Can an HA itself be an MNN under the NEMO context?

Please see our attached PDF file for our preliminary analysis on
this issue. It seems to us that this can be allowed for MIPv6, but
should NOT be allowed for NEMO (otherwise, we might have a loop,
and the multi-homing issue might be more complex).

-Felix
-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------060809070605000901050709
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From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 03:58:30 2004
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Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 00:01:40 -0800
From: "S. Felix Wu" <wu@cs.ucdavis.edu>
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To: Eun Kyoung Paik <eun@mmlab.snu.ac.kr>
CC: nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] merged multihoming draft
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The merged draft is a very good step to comsolidate various
interests in multi-homing NEMO. Thanks very much.

After reading the draft, I have one comment regarding:

 > 2.4 (1,N,N): Single MR, Multiple HAs, Multiple Prefixes
 >
 >   The (1,n,n) mobile network has only one mobile router.  However, the
 >   mobile router advertises more than one NEMO-prefix, and also
 >   associates to multiple home agents at the same time, possibly one
 >   home agent per home address.  No assumptions is made on whether or
 >   not the home agents belongs to the same administrative domain.

and,

 > 5. Evaluation of Basic NEMO Solution
 > ....
 >   o  (1,N,N) Mobile Network
 >      The (1,N,N) mobile network has one mobile router registering to
 >      multiple home agents multiple NEMO-prefixes.The same question of
 >      whether the same home-address can be simultaneously registered to
 >      multiple home agents.

It seems to me that, from the above segments of text in the draft,
it is not clear whether different prefixes under the (1,N,N) and
maybe (N,N,N) cases should be registered to different HAs.

My concern is that this capability seems to me a key motivation to
have multi-homing. I.e., when one of the N HA's is down, any CN in
the public Internet, can still access the MN via other HAs.

But, of course, we will get our routing table larger and larger...

I heard a proposal (I forgot the source) that each MNN will have
multiple IP addresses (so it will have one address in each prefix
in this particular multihoming NEMO), and it is the responsibility
of the CN to decide "which IP address to use to communicate with
the MNN". Assuming that the CNN will be able to use DNS-like or
other host identities to find out this multi-address binding.
(may this is from the Multi6 working group).

Certainly, under this proposal, we don't need to register different
prefixes to different HAs. But, otherwise, it seems to me that this
feature is very useful.

-Felix
-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------






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Subject: [nemo] can an HA itself be an MNN under NEMO?
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0402261646040.25181-100000@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>	 <1077784218.790.15.camel@acorde> <1077850151.5540.30.camel@localhost>
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Hi,

During our analysis of multi-homing and nested NEMO cases, we
have encountered a question, hopefully get some clarifications
from the NEMO working group:

	-- Can an HA itself be an MNN under the NEMO context?

Please see our attached PDF file for our preliminary analysis on
this issue. It seems to us that this can be allowed for MIPv6, but
should NOT be allowed for NEMO (otherwise, we might have a loop,
and the multi-homing issue might be more complex).

-Felix
-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 04:43:38 2004
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The merged draft is a very good step to comsolidate various
interests in multi-homing NEMO. Thanks very much.

After reading the draft, I have one comment regarding:

 > 2.4 (1,N,N): Single MR, Multiple HAs, Multiple Prefixes
 >
 >   The (1,n,n) mobile network has only one mobile router.  However, the
 >   mobile router advertises more than one NEMO-prefix, and also
 >   associates to multiple home agents at the same time, possibly one
 >   home agent per home address.  No assumptions is made on whether or
 >   not the home agents belongs to the same administrative domain.

and,

 > 5. Evaluation of Basic NEMO Solution
 > ....
 >   o  (1,N,N) Mobile Network
 >      The (1,N,N) mobile network has one mobile router registering to
 >      multiple home agents multiple NEMO-prefixes.The same question of
 >      whether the same home-address can be simultaneously registered to
 >      multiple home agents.

It seems to me that, from the above segments of text in the draft,
it is not clear whether different prefixes under the (1,N,N) and
maybe (N,N,N) cases should be registered to different HAs.

My concern is that this capability seems to me a key motivation to
have multi-homing. I.e., when one of the N HA's is down, any CN in
the public Internet, can still access the MN via other HAs.

But, of course, we will get our routing table larger and larger...

I heard a proposal (I forgot the source) that each MNN will have
multiple IP addresses (so it will have one address in each prefix
in this particular multihoming NEMO), and it is the responsibility
of the CN to decide "which IP address to use to communicate with
the MNN". Assuming that the CNN will be able to use DNS-like or
other host identities to find out this multi-address binding.
(may this is from the Multi6 working group).

Certainly, under this proposal, we don't need to register different
prefixes to different HAs. But, otherwise, it seems to me that this
feature is very useful.

-Felix
-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 06:47:32 2004
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Hi,

Souhwan sent me this draft on Feb, 13, and asked me to submit.
I appologize that I forgot to send it, so it didn't appear in
submitted draft.

This draft currently described mainly the attacks we presented
in the previous IETF. (The draft we posted last time, version
01, didn't really reflect our presentation.)

Attached is the draft. Any comments will be highly appreciated.
Appologize again for the delay.

-Felix

-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------

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NEMO Working Group                                         Souhwan Jung
Internet-Draft                                      Soongsil University
Expires: August, 2004                                          Fan Zhao
							    S. Felix Wu
							       UC Davis
							    HyunGon Kim
							   SungWon Sohn
								   ETRI
							 February, 2004


                Threat Analysis on NEMO Basic Operations
                    draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-02

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other    
   groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months 
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any 
   time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material 
   or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://
   www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on August, 2004.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.


Abstract

   This document describes potential security threats to NEMO basic 
   operations. The threats are mostly related to the integral use of 
   IPsec and IP-in-IP tunnel between MR and HA. Threats related to 
   the operations of nested MR, and multi-homing (multiple MRs) are 
   also investigated. Finally,security requirements for NEMO basic 
   protocols and specific implementation notes are described.
   
 
Conventions used in this document 
                     
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", 
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in 
   this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119. 

 
S. Jung et. al.            Expires August, 2004                 [Page 1]

Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations   February 2004


Table of Contents


   1.    Motivations  

   2.    Threats to MR-HA tunneling
         2.1 Threats to the MR-HA IPsec Transport SA
         2.2 Threats to IP-in-IP tunnel between MR and HA
   3.    Threats to error processing operations
         3.1 DoS attack due to error processing of BU
   4.    Threats to interactions between MRs
   
         Changes from previous version
	  
         References

         Authors' Addresses

         Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements


S. Jung et. al.            Expires August, 2004                [Page 2]

Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations  February 2004



1. Motivations

Networks in motion (NEMO) introduces a network entity called Mobile 
Router(MR)[2]. MR has different features from Mobile Host that operates 
based on Mobile IP technologies[4]. Since MR functions both as a mobile 
node and a gateway to provide mobile network with Internet access to 
outside world, it needs specific treatment for managing operations and 
securities.

The MobileIP/NEMO community has spent quite a lot of efforts in designing
security mechanisms to protect critical control messages exchanged among 
protocol entities such as HA (Home Agent), MN (Mobile Node), or MR 
(Mobile Router in NEMO). In particular, the authenticity and integrity 
of the Binding Update (BU) messages must be protected very well. 
Otherwise, many malicious attacks such as traffic hijacking or denial 
of service are possible by intentionally injecting incorrect BU messages. 
Under both MobileIP and NEMO, IPsec Transport ESP (Encapsulating Security 
Payload) [8] is used to protect the binding update messages between HA 
and MN/MR.

IPsec itself provides a network layer security service between two 
network entities, and it nicely integrates a number of strong 
cryptographic components under its architecture. Due to this strong fact
of IPsec security, many Internet protocols, especially in the 
network layer, have been built on top of the security strength of IPsec. 
The list is currently growing, but at least, we can include OSPFv6, 
TRIP (Telephony Routing over IP, under the IP Telephony working group), 
RSVP/NSIS (Next Step in Signaling), L3VPN, PANA (Protocol for Authentication 
and Network Access), MobileIP and NEMO.

While IPsec itself is indeed quite secure, the security of the protocols 
using IPsec might still be very questionable. In fact, through our security 
analysis toward NEMO, we realize that the IPsec architecture itself does 
NOT specify/mandate its relationship with other functional components 
(such as packet forwarding, ingress filtering, IP-in-IP tunnel, or 
application interface) in the same router.
 
Therefore, as will be shown later, most of the IPsec implementers have not 
considered how to properly glue the IPsec engine with the rest of the 
system such that the whole system (such as the MR in NEMO) can be easily 
broken in. In short, IPsec by itself is indeed doing its job securely, 
but the component putting packets into the IPsec module might not.

This draft describes vulnerabilities to the basic operations of 
NEMO (NEtworks in Motion), and discussed its potential security problems, 
especially, related to IPsec and other tunneling functions. 
Through our experiments (as well as our discussions with IPsec 
implementers from major router venders), we validated that the problems 
we raised here are practically possible. 



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2 Potential threats to network in motion

The major threats to the basic operations of mobile network are from 
the tunneling operations. Tunneled packet can disguise itself using 
fake source and destination addresses. The MR or HA should be responsible 
to verify the validity of those packets. Since the basic operation of 
mobile network is based on the IPsec tunnel and IP-in-IP tunnel between 
MR and HA, the threats to those tunneling operations will be investigated 
in this section.


2.1 Threats to the MR-HA IPsec Transport SA

Three different potential attack scenarios are presented in this section.

2.1.1	BU spoofing: no ingress filtering at MR

The first case assumes that there is no ingress filtering activated at MR. 
Figure 1 shows the attack scenario.


    MNN                    MR                                    HA
 |--------|           |----------------|                    |-----------|
 |        |           |       |-------||          ESP       | |-------| |
 |Attacker|---------->|-------| IPSec ||====================| | IPSec | |
 |        |    |      | ^     |-------||      Transport     | |-------| |
 |--------|    |      |-|--------------|           |        |-----------|
               |        At this point, MR          |         checks the packet 
               |        cannot tell the fake       |         using ESP and
          |-----------| BU from a BU from    |-----------|   updates Binding
          |Src=HoA    | itself, and applies  |Src=CoA    |   Cache (corrupts
          |Dst=HA     | IPSec ESP.           |Dst=HA     |   binding cache)
          |...        |                      |ESP        |
          |BU(MNP,CoA)|                      |...        |
          |-----------|                      |BU(MNP,CoA)|
          Attacker                           |-----------|
          generates                           Packet is 
          a fake BU                           encapsulated 
                                              with ESP

     Figure 1. MNN spoofs the BU of the MR without ingress filtering
            

In the Figure 1, a malicious MNN generates a spoofed packet by setting 
source address to the HoA of the MR and destination address to the address 
of HA, and also includes the BU of MR as a payload. The format and contents 
of the BU message look exactly like a BU from the MR. When the MR received 
the packet from the attacker, it first saves the packet to the buffer, 
and checks the security policy database (SPD) of the packet. Since the MR 
cannot tell the fake packet from the packet from itself at this point, it 
finds that the packet requires the IPsec processing, and forwards it to 
the security interface for IPsec processing. Then the IPsec module 
encapsulates the packet using the ESP transport mode and the associated SA. 
When the HA received the packet, it verifies the packet by checking the 
IPsec ESP SA that will be valid because it is encapsulated by a valid MR. 
Finally, the HA is fooled to believe that the BU is from the MR, and 
updates the binding cache of itself. 


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Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations  February 2004


This attack is possible due to two reasons. The first one is that the 
MR is not using ingress filtering to check the topological correctness 
of the source address. If the MR checks the source address of the packet, 
and finds that the source address is set to itself, then it will drop 
the packet. Another reason is that the MR forgets where the packet came 
from, once it gets the packets and saves to a buffer. If the MR can 
distinct the packet stream generated by other nodes (Layer2) from those 
by itself (Layer4), then the fake packet will not be processed by IPsec, 
and will be forwarded to HA encapsulated in an IP-in-IP tunnel. 
Then the attack will fail to modify the binding cache of the HA.



2.1.2	BU spoofing: with ingress filtering at MR

This attack scenario is similar to the first scenario, but assumes the 
ingress filtering at the MR. Figure 2 shows the attack scenario.



    MNN     IP_in_IP               MR                               HA
 |--------| packet is |----------------------------|               |-----------|
 |        | generated ||-------| |------|   |-----||         ESP   | |-------| |
 |Attacker|---------->||Ingress|-|tunnel|---|IPSec||===============| | IPSec | |
 |        |    |      ||filter | |decap | ^ |     ||     Transport | |       | |   
 |        |    |      ||-------| |------| | |-----||          |    | |-------| |
 |--------|    |      |-------------------|--------|          |    |-----------|
               |                          |                   |       checks the              
          |-------------|            |-----------|      |-----------| packet   
          |Outer Src=MNN|            |Src=HoA    |      |Src=CoA    | using ESP
          |Outer Dst=MR |            |Dst=HA     |      |Dst=HA     | and updates
          |Src=HoA      |            |...        |      |ESP        | binding
          |Dst=HA       |            |BU(MNP,CoA)|      |...        | cache
          |...          |            |-----------|      |BU(MNP,CoA)|
          |BU(MNP,CoA)  |   At this point, MR cannot    |-----------|
          |-------------|   tell the fake BU from a BU   Packet is 
        Attacker generates  from itself, and applies     encapsulated
        a fake BU using     IPSec ESP.                   with ESP
        IP-in-IP tunnel
    
           Figure 2. MNN spoofs a BU of MR with ingress filtering
           
           

In this scenario, the attacker generates a spoofed BU message using 
IP-in-IP encapsulation as shown in the figure. Now, the outer source 
address is set to the address MNN and the destination address is set 
to the address of the MR. The inner source address is set to the HoA 
of MR and the inner destination address is set to the address of HA. 
This attack is possible due to the order of packet processing at the 
MR as shown in the figure. If the MR performs the ingress filtering 
at first, and then do the tunnel decapsulation, then the fake packet 
can get through the ingress filtering of the MR. The rest of the story 
is the same as the first scenario. If the MR do perform the ingress 
filtering after the tunnel decapsulation, the fake packet can be dropped 
at the MR in this scenario. Therefore, it is very important to implement 
multiple functions of the MR in the right order. In real world, 
the ingress filtering function of the routers are not activated in many 
cases, and then those routers are exposed to this type of attacks.


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Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations  February 2004


        
2.2 Threats to IP-in-IP tunnel between MR and HA

Processing IP-in-IP packets in a mobile router requires encapsulation 
and decapsulation module with a dedicated protocol number. 
Securing IP-in-IP tunneled packets requires a specific security mechanism 
like IPsec tunnel mode encapsulation. The attacks to the IP-in-IP tunnel 
can initiate from inside of the mobile network to MR or from outside 
directly to HA. We will investigate two attack scenarios using MR and HA 
as stepping stones.

2.2.1	Attack from inside

Figure 3 shows an attack scenario from inside nodes. 



 |--------|           |--------|   IP-in-IP   |--------|         |--------|
 |        |           |        |    tunnel    |        |         |        |
 |  MNN   |---------->|   MR   |==============|   HA   |-------->| Victim |
 |        |    |      |        |       |      |        |     |   |        |
 |--------|    |      |--------|       |      |--------|     |   |--------|
  inside       |                       |                     |
  attacker     |                       |              |--------------|
        |--------------|         |--------------|     |Src=spoofed IP|
        |Ext. Src=MNN  |         |Ext. Src=CoA  |     |Dst=victim    |
        |Ext. Dst=MR   |         |Ext. Dst=HA   |     |payload       |
        |Src=spoofed IP|         |Src=spoofed IP|     |--------------|
        |Dst=victim    |         |Dst=victim    |
        |payload       |         |payload       |
        |--------------|         |--------------|
        generates a spoofed
        IP packet

           Figure 3. Inside attack using MR and HA as stepping stone


In the scenario, an attacker generates a fake IP-in-IP packet setting the 
external source address to the address of another MNN inside the mobile 
network and the external destination address to the address of MR. 
Inside the encapsulation, the internal source address is set to a spoofed 
IP address and the internal destination address is set to the address of 
victim machine. Once the MR receives the packets, the MR decapsulates 
the packets, and recognizes to process the packets using IP-in-IP 
encapsulation and forward to the HA. 
Therefore, the MR encapsulates the inside payload in IP-in-IP format 
(external source address = CoA of MR, external destination address = 
address of HA), and sends it to HA. HA forwards the packet to the victim 
machine. The possible attacks from this scenario are IP spoofing or DoS 
attack to the victim machine. Similar attacks have been known to mobile 
network communities for a while, but the main point here is that MR can 
prevent this attack by checking ingress filtering after the GRE decapsulation.


S. Jung et. al.            Expires August, 2004                [Page 6]

Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations  February 2004

        
2.2.2	Attack from outside

In this scenario, similar attacks can be initiated from outside of a mobile 
network. Figure 4 shows the attack scenario.



 |--------|   IP-in-IP   |--------|                |--------|
 |        |    tunnel    |        |                |        |
 |   MR   |==============|   HA   |--------------->| Victim |
 |        |              |        |            |   |        |
 |--------|              |--------|            |   |--------|
                             ^                 |
                             |        |---------------|
                             |        |Src=spoofed IP |
     |---------------|       |        |Dst=victim     |
     |Ext. Src=CoA   |       |        |payload        |
     |Ext. Dst=HA    |       |        |---------------|
     |Src=spoofed IP |-------|  
     |Dst=victim     |       |
     |payload        |     |---|outside
     |---------------|     |   |attacker
     generates a spoofed   |---|
     IP-in-IP packet


          Figure 4. Outside attack using HA as a stepping stone
      

In the Figure 4, an attacker from outside can generate a spoofed IP-in-IP 
packet with setting the external source address to the CoA of MR and the 
external destination address to the address of HA, which includes a spoofed 
IP address as the internal source address, and the address of the victim 
machine as the internal destination address. If the access router of the 
outside attacker activates ingress filtering, this packet can be dropped at 
the access router. But many routers without ingress filtering will pass 
through this packet, and then HA may forward the packet to the victim machine. 
Due to this security problem, most routers do not process the IP-in-IP packets, 
but MR and HA in mobile networks should process IP-in-IP packets for 
forwarding the packets from MNN or CN.        
     

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Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations  February 2004

    
    
3. Threats to error processing operations

3.1 DoS attack due to error processing of BU

Section 5.4 of basic support draft[3], Error Processing of Binding Update, 
says that if the status is set to '142', the Mobile Router should send a 
similar Binding Update to another Home Agent on the same home link.  
If no Home Agent replies positively then Mobile Router SHOULD refrain 
from sending this Binding Updates to any Home Agent on the home link.  
Additionally, the Home Agent MUST stop advertising the respective 
prefix(es) in the mobile network with associated Router Advertisements, 
and modify its own forwarding information accordingly.  
Following this, the Mobile Router MAY send Binding Updates in another 
mode (e.g. implicit) to a Home Agent on the same home link.?


If a malicious MR sends a BU on the explicit mode to its HA claiming 
a MNP belonging to another MR, the HA will notice the MNP is not valid, 
and send a BA with 142 code will be generated. According to the 
statement above, HA stops advertising this MNP, which will be a DoS 
attack to the MR that is already using the MNP. If the malicious MR 
keep sending other invalid MNPs to the HA, then those MNPs will be 
blocked for service.


4. Threats to interactions between MRs

In case that two or more MR exists on a mobile subnet for multihoming, 
there may be multiple bi-directional paths to forward packet to a HA or 
multiple HAs respectively.

If one of the tunnel paths is broken for any reason, the MR(MR1) associated 
with the faulty path loses Internet connection, and should find an
alternative bi-directional tunnel path through another MR2. In this case, 
MR1 becomes a nested MR of MR2. NEMO basic draft[3] describes that MR SHOULD 
not respond to the unsolicited RA messages to its egress interface, 
but according to the MR operations by multihoming draft[6], the MR1 SHOULD 
listen the RA from alternative MR2 on its ingress interface. 
At this point, a malicious MR may advertise a RA with a fake CoA to MR1. 
Then the MR1 will get a wrong CoA information.

This threat is not directly related to the NEMO basic operation, but to 
the inter-MR operations. There is no explicit security mechanism for inter-MR
operations for multihoming cases, threats related to inter-MR operations 
should be considered.



S. Jung et. al.            Expires August, 2004                [Page 8]

Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations  February 2004           



References


   [1]   Ernst, T., et al, "Network Mobility Support Goals and
         Requirements", 
         Internet Draft: draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt, 
         Work In Progress, May  2003.

   [2]   Ernst, T. and H. Lach, "Network Mobility Support Terminology",
         Internet Draft: draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt, Work In
         Progress, May 2003.

   [3]   Devarapalli V., et al, "NEMO Basic Support Protocol", Internet
         Draft: draft-wakikawa-nemo-basic-02.txt, Work In Progress,
         December 2003.

   [4]   Johnson, D. B., Perkins, C. E. and Arkko, J., "Mobility Support 
         in IPv6", 
         Internet Draft: draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-24.txt, 
         Work In Progress, June 2003.

   [5]   Petrescu, A., et al, "Issues in Designing Mobile IPv6 Network
         Mobility with the MR-HA Bidirectional Tunnel (MRHA)", Internet
         Draft: draft-petrescu-nemo-mrha-03.txt, Work In Progress,
         October 2003.
       
   [6]   Ng, C. W. and Tanaka, T., "Multihoming Issues in Network Mobility 
         Support", Internet Draft:
         draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt, Work In Progress,
         October 2003.

   [7]   Arkko, J. et. al. ,"Using IPsec to Protect Mobile IPv6 Signaling
         between Mobile Nodes and Home Agents,"
         Internet Draft: draft-ietf-mobileip-mipv6-ha-ipsec-06.txt, 
         Work In Progress, June 2003.
       
   [8]   Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "IP Encapsulating Security Payload 
         (ESP)", RFC 2406, November 1998. 
         
   [9]   Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the 
         Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998. 
                     
   [10]  Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "IP Authentication Header",  
         RFC 2402, November 1998.
                     


Changes from the previous version

1. Removed the threat model and generic threat stuff.
2. Described threats specific to basic support protocol.
3. Described details of specific threats to MR-HA tunneling.
4. Added thretas due to error processing. 
5. Added threats to multihoming


S. Jung et. al.            Expires August, 2004               [Page 9]

Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations  February 2004



Authors' Addresses

   Souhwan Jung
   Soongsil University
   1-1, Sangdo-dong, Dongjak-ku
   Seoul 156-743
   KOREA
   
   Phone: +82-2-820-0714
   EMail: souhwanj@ssu.ac.kr


   Fan Zhao
   Department of Computer Science
   University of California, Davis
   One Shield Avenue
   Davis, CA 95616
   USA

   Phone: +1-530-752-3128
   EMail: fanzhao@ucdavis.edu

   Felix Wu
   Department of Computer Science
   University of California, Davis
   One Shield Avenue
   Davis, CA 95616
   USA

   Phone: +1-530-754-7070
   EMail: wu@cs.ucdavis.edu

   

   HyunGon Kim
   Network Security Department
   ETRI
   161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu
   Taejon 305-600
   KOREA
   
   Phone: +82-42-860-5428
   Email: hyungon@etri.re.kr   

 
   
   SungWon Sohn
   Network Security Department
   ETRI
   161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu
   Taejon 305-600
   KOREA

   Phone: +82-42-860-5072
   Email: swsohn@etri.re.kr


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Internet-Draft  Threat Analysis on NEMO basic operations  February 2004


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Hi,

Souhwan sent me this draft on Feb, 13, and asked me to submit.
I appologize that I forgot to send it, so it didn't appear in
submitted draft.

This draft currently described mainly the attacks we presented
in the previous IETF. (The draft we posted last time, version
01, didn't really reflect our presentation.)

Attached is the draft. Any comments will be highly appreciated.
Appologize again for the delay.

-Felix

-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------

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NEMO Working Group                                         Souhwan Jung
Internet-Draft                                      Soongsil University
Expires: August, 2004                                          Fan Zhao
							    S. Felix Wu
							       UC Davis
							    HyunGon Kim
							   SungWon Sohn
								   ETRI
							 February, 2004


                Threat Analysis on NEMO Basic Operations
                    draft-jung-nemo-threat-analysis-02

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other    
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   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on August, 2004.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.


Abstract

   This document describes potential security threats to NEMO basic 
   operations. The threats are mostly related to the integral use of 
   IPsec and IP-in-IP tunnel between MR and HA. Threats related to 
   the operations of nested MR, and multi-homing (multiple MRs) are 
   also investigated. Finally,security requirements for NEMO basic 
   protocols and specific implementation notes are described.
   
 
Conventions used in this document 
                     
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", 
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in 
   this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119. 

 
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Table of Contents


   1.    Motivations  

   2.    Threats to MR-HA tunneling
         2.1 Threats to the MR-HA IPsec Transport SA
         2.2 Threats to IP-in-IP tunnel between MR and HA
   3.    Threats to error processing operations
         3.1 DoS attack due to error processing of BU
   4.    Threats to interactions between MRs
   
         Changes from previous version
	  
         References

         Authors' Addresses

         Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements


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1. Motivations

Networks in motion (NEMO) introduces a network entity called Mobile 
Router(MR)[2]. MR has different features from Mobile Host that operates 
based on Mobile IP technologies[4]. Since MR functions both as a mobile 
node and a gateway to provide mobile network with Internet access to 
outside world, it needs specific treatment for managing operations and 
securities.

The MobileIP/NEMO community has spent quite a lot of efforts in designing
security mechanisms to protect critical control messages exchanged among 
protocol entities such as HA (Home Agent), MN (Mobile Node), or MR 
(Mobile Router in NEMO). In particular, the authenticity and integrity 
of the Binding Update (BU) messages must be protected very well. 
Otherwise, many malicious attacks such as traffic hijacking or denial 
of service are possible by intentionally injecting incorrect BU messages. 
Under both MobileIP and NEMO, IPsec Transport ESP (Encapsulating Security 
Payload) [8] is used to protect the binding update messages between HA 
and MN/MR.

IPsec itself provides a network layer security service between two 
network entities, and it nicely integrates a number of strong 
cryptographic components under its architecture. Due to this strong fact
of IPsec security, many Internet protocols, especially in the 
network layer, have been built on top of the security strength of IPsec. 
The list is currently growing, but at least, we can include OSPFv6, 
TRIP (Telephony Routing over IP, under the IP Telephony working group), 
RSVP/NSIS (Next Step in Signaling), L3VPN, PANA (Protocol for Authentication 
and Network Access), MobileIP and NEMO.

While IPsec itself is indeed quite secure, the security of the protocols 
using IPsec might still be very questionable. In fact, through our security 
analysis toward NEMO, we realize that the IPsec architecture itself does 
NOT specify/mandate its relationship with other functional components 
(such as packet forwarding, ingress filtering, IP-in-IP tunnel, or 
application interface) in the same router.
 
Therefore, as will be shown later, most of the IPsec implementers have not 
considered how to properly glue the IPsec engine with the rest of the 
system such that the whole system (such as the MR in NEMO) can be easily 
broken in. In short, IPsec by itself is indeed doing its job securely, 
but the component putting packets into the IPsec module might not.

This draft describes vulnerabilities to the basic operations of 
NEMO (NEtworks in Motion), and discussed its potential security problems, 
especially, related to IPsec and other tunneling functions. 
Through our experiments (as well as our discussions with IPsec 
implementers from major router venders), we validated that the problems 
we raised here are practically possible. 



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2 Potential threats to network in motion

The major threats to the basic operations of mobile network are from 
the tunneling operations. Tunneled packet can disguise itself using 
fake source and destination addresses. The MR or HA should be responsible 
to verify the validity of those packets. Since the basic operation of 
mobile network is based on the IPsec tunnel and IP-in-IP tunnel between 
MR and HA, the threats to those tunneling operations will be investigated 
in this section.


2.1 Threats to the MR-HA IPsec Transport SA

Three different potential attack scenarios are presented in this section.

2.1.1	BU spoofing: no ingress filtering at MR

The first case assumes that there is no ingress filtering activated at MR. 
Figure 1 shows the attack scenario.


    MNN                    MR                                    HA
 |--------|           |----------------|                    |-----------|
 |        |           |       |-------||          ESP       | |-------| |
 |Attacker|---------->|-------| IPSec ||====================| | IPSec | |
 |        |    |      | ^     |-------||      Transport     | |-------| |
 |--------|    |      |-|--------------|           |        |-----------|
               |        At this point, MR          |         checks the packet 
               |        cannot tell the fake       |         using ESP and
          |-----------| BU from a BU from    |-----------|   updates Binding
          |Src=HoA    | itself, and applies  |Src=CoA    |   Cache (corrupts
          |Dst=HA     | IPSec ESP.           |Dst=HA     |   binding cache)
          |...        |                      |ESP        |
          |BU(MNP,CoA)|                      |...        |
          |-----------|                      |BU(MNP,CoA)|
          Attacker                           |-----------|
          generates                           Packet is 
          a fake BU                           encapsulated 
                                              with ESP

     Figure 1. MNN spoofs the BU of the MR without ingress filtering
            

In the Figure 1, a malicious MNN generates a spoofed packet by setting 
source address to the HoA of the MR and destination address to the address 
of HA, and also includes the BU of MR as a payload. The format and contents 
of the BU message look exactly like a BU from the MR. When the MR received 
the packet from the attacker, it first saves the packet to the buffer, 
and checks the security policy database (SPD) of the packet. Since the MR 
cannot tell the fake packet from the packet from itself at this point, it 
finds that the packet requires the IPsec processing, and forwards it to 
the security interface for IPsec processing. Then the IPsec module 
encapsulates the packet using the ESP transport mode and the associated SA. 
When the HA received the packet, it verifies the packet by checking the 
IPsec ESP SA that will be valid because it is encapsulated by a valid MR. 
Finally, the HA is fooled to believe that the BU is from the MR, and 
updates the binding cache of itself. 


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This attack is possible due to two reasons. The first one is that the 
MR is not using ingress filtering to check the topological correctness 
of the source address. If the MR checks the source address of the packet, 
and finds that the source address is set to itself, then it will drop 
the packet. Another reason is that the MR forgets where the packet came 
from, once it gets the packets and saves to a buffer. If the MR can 
distinct the packet stream generated by other nodes (Layer2) from those 
by itself (Layer4), then the fake packet will not be processed by IPsec, 
and will be forwarded to HA encapsulated in an IP-in-IP tunnel. 
Then the attack will fail to modify the binding cache of the HA.



2.1.2	BU spoofing: with ingress filtering at MR

This attack scenario is similar to the first scenario, but assumes the 
ingress filtering at the MR. Figure 2 shows the attack scenario.



    MNN     IP_in_IP               MR                               HA
 |--------| packet is |----------------------------|               |-----------|
 |        | generated ||-------| |------|   |-----||         ESP   | |-------| |
 |Attacker|---------->||Ingress|-|tunnel|---|IPSec||===============| | IPSec | |
 |        |    |      ||filter | |decap | ^ |     ||     Transport | |       | |   
 |        |    |      ||-------| |------| | |-----||          |    | |-------| |
 |--------|    |      |-------------------|--------|          |    |-----------|
               |                          |                   |       checks the              
          |-------------|            |-----------|      |-----------| packet   
          |Outer Src=MNN|            |Src=HoA    |      |Src=CoA    | using ESP
          |Outer Dst=MR |            |Dst=HA     |      |Dst=HA     | and updates
          |Src=HoA      |            |...        |      |ESP        | binding
          |Dst=HA       |            |BU(MNP,CoA)|      |...        | cache
          |...          |            |-----------|      |BU(MNP,CoA)|
          |BU(MNP,CoA)  |   At this point, MR cannot    |-----------|
          |-------------|   tell the fake BU from a BU   Packet is 
        Attacker generates  from itself, and applies     encapsulated
        a fake BU using     IPSec ESP.                   with ESP
        IP-in-IP tunnel
    
           Figure 2. MNN spoofs a BU of MR with ingress filtering
           
           

In this scenario, the attacker generates a spoofed BU message using 
IP-in-IP encapsulation as shown in the figure. Now, the outer source 
address is set to the address MNN and the destination address is set 
to the address of the MR. The inner source address is set to the HoA 
of MR and the inner destination address is set to the address of HA. 
This attack is possible due to the order of packet processing at the 
MR as shown in the figure. If the MR performs the ingress filtering 
at first, and then do the tunnel decapsulation, then the fake packet 
can get through the ingress filtering of the MR. The rest of the story 
is the same as the first scenario. If the MR do perform the ingress 
filtering after the tunnel decapsulation, the fake packet can be dropped 
at the MR in this scenario. Therefore, it is very important to implement 
multiple functions of the MR in the right order. In real world, 
the ingress filtering function of the routers are not activated in many 
cases, and then those routers are exposed to this type of attacks.


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2.2 Threats to IP-in-IP tunnel between MR and HA

Processing IP-in-IP packets in a mobile router requires encapsulation 
and decapsulation module with a dedicated protocol number. 
Securing IP-in-IP tunneled packets requires a specific security mechanism 
like IPsec tunnel mode encapsulation. The attacks to the IP-in-IP tunnel 
can initiate from inside of the mobile network to MR or from outside 
directly to HA. We will investigate two attack scenarios using MR and HA 
as stepping stones.

2.2.1	Attack from inside

Figure 3 shows an attack scenario from inside nodes. 



 |--------|           |--------|   IP-in-IP   |--------|         |--------|
 |        |           |        |    tunnel    |        |         |        |
 |  MNN   |---------->|   MR   |==============|   HA   |-------->| Victim |
 |        |    |      |        |       |      |        |     |   |        |
 |--------|    |      |--------|       |      |--------|     |   |--------|
  inside       |                       |                     |
  attacker     |                       |              |--------------|
        |--------------|         |--------------|     |Src=spoofed IP|
        |Ext. Src=MNN  |         |Ext. Src=CoA  |     |Dst=victim    |
        |Ext. Dst=MR   |         |Ext. Dst=HA   |     |payload       |
        |Src=spoofed IP|         |Src=spoofed IP|     |--------------|
        |Dst=victim    |         |Dst=victim    |
        |payload       |         |payload       |
        |--------------|         |--------------|
        generates a spoofed
        IP packet

           Figure 3. Inside attack using MR and HA as stepping stone


In the scenario, an attacker generates a fake IP-in-IP packet setting the 
external source address to the address of another MNN inside the mobile 
network and the external destination address to the address of MR. 
Inside the encapsulation, the internal source address is set to a spoofed 
IP address and the internal destination address is set to the address of 
victim machine. Once the MR receives the packets, the MR decapsulates 
the packets, and recognizes to process the packets using IP-in-IP 
encapsulation and forward to the HA. 
Therefore, the MR encapsulates the inside payload in IP-in-IP format 
(external source address = CoA of MR, external destination address = 
address of HA), and sends it to HA. HA forwards the packet to the victim 
machine. The possible attacks from this scenario are IP spoofing or DoS 
attack to the victim machine. Similar attacks have been known to mobile 
network communities for a while, but the main point here is that MR can 
prevent this attack by checking ingress filtering after the GRE decapsulation.


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2.2.2	Attack from outside

In this scenario, similar attacks can be initiated from outside of a mobile 
network. Figure 4 shows the attack scenario.



 |--------|   IP-in-IP   |--------|                |--------|
 |        |    tunnel    |        |                |        |
 |   MR   |==============|   HA   |--------------->| Victim |
 |        |              |        |            |   |        |
 |--------|              |--------|            |   |--------|
                             ^                 |
                             |        |---------------|
                             |        |Src=spoofed IP |
     |---------------|       |        |Dst=victim     |
     |Ext. Src=CoA   |       |        |payload        |
     |Ext. Dst=HA    |       |        |---------------|
     |Src=spoofed IP |-------|  
     |Dst=victim     |       |
     |payload        |     |---|outside
     |---------------|     |   |attacker
     generates a spoofed   |---|
     IP-in-IP packet


          Figure 4. Outside attack using HA as a stepping stone
      

In the Figure 4, an attacker from outside can generate a spoofed IP-in-IP 
packet with setting the external source address to the CoA of MR and the 
external destination address to the address of HA, which includes a spoofed 
IP address as the internal source address, and the address of the victim 
machine as the internal destination address. If the access router of the 
outside attacker activates ingress filtering, this packet can be dropped at 
the access router. But many routers without ingress filtering will pass 
through this packet, and then HA may forward the packet to the victim machine. 
Due to this security problem, most routers do not process the IP-in-IP packets, 
but MR and HA in mobile networks should process IP-in-IP packets for 
forwarding the packets from MNN or CN.        
     

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3. Threats to error processing operations

3.1 DoS attack due to error processing of BU

Section 5.4 of basic support draft[3], Error Processing of Binding Update, 
says that if the status is set to '142', the Mobile Router should send a 
similar Binding Update to another Home Agent on the same home link.  
If no Home Agent replies positively then Mobile Router SHOULD refrain 
from sending this Binding Updates to any Home Agent on the home link.  
Additionally, the Home Agent MUST stop advertising the respective 
prefix(es) in the mobile network with associated Router Advertisements, 
and modify its own forwarding information accordingly.  
Following this, the Mobile Router MAY send Binding Updates in another 
mode (e.g. implicit) to a Home Agent on the same home link.?


If a malicious MR sends a BU on the explicit mode to its HA claiming 
a MNP belonging to another MR, the HA will notice the MNP is not valid, 
and send a BA with 142 code will be generated. According to the 
statement above, HA stops advertising this MNP, which will be a DoS 
attack to the MR that is already using the MNP. If the malicious MR 
keep sending other invalid MNPs to the HA, then those MNPs will be 
blocked for service.


4. Threats to interactions between MRs

In case that two or more MR exists on a mobile subnet for multihoming, 
there may be multiple bi-directional paths to forward packet to a HA or 
multiple HAs respectively.

If one of the tunnel paths is broken for any reason, the MR(MR1) associated 
with the faulty path loses Internet connection, and should find an
alternative bi-directional tunnel path through another MR2. In this case, 
MR1 becomes a nested MR of MR2. NEMO basic draft[3] describes that MR SHOULD 
not respond to the unsolicited RA messages to its egress interface, 
but according to the MR operations by multihoming draft[6], the MR1 SHOULD 
listen the RA from alternative MR2 on its ingress interface. 
At this point, a malicious MR may advertise a RA with a fake CoA to MR1. 
Then the MR1 will get a wrong CoA information.

This threat is not directly related to the NEMO basic operation, but to 
the inter-MR operations. There is no explicit security mechanism for inter-MR
operations for multihoming cases, threats related to inter-MR operations 
should be considered.



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References


   [1]   Ernst, T., et al, "Network Mobility Support Goals and
         Requirements", 
         Internet Draft: draft-ietf-nemo-requirements-01.txt, 
         Work In Progress, May  2003.

   [2]   Ernst, T. and H. Lach, "Network Mobility Support Terminology",
         Internet Draft: draft-ietf-nemo-terminology-00.txt, Work In
         Progress, May 2003.

   [3]   Devarapalli V., et al, "NEMO Basic Support Protocol", Internet
         Draft: draft-wakikawa-nemo-basic-02.txt, Work In Progress,
         December 2003.

   [4]   Johnson, D. B., Perkins, C. E. and Arkko, J., "Mobility Support 
         in IPv6", 
         Internet Draft: draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-24.txt, 
         Work In Progress, June 2003.

   [5]   Petrescu, A., et al, "Issues in Designing Mobile IPv6 Network
         Mobility with the MR-HA Bidirectional Tunnel (MRHA)", Internet
         Draft: draft-petrescu-nemo-mrha-03.txt, Work In Progress,
         October 2003.
       
   [6]   Ng, C. W. and Tanaka, T., "Multihoming Issues in Network Mobility 
         Support", Internet Draft:
         draft-ng-nemo-multihoming-issues-02.txt, Work In Progress,
         October 2003.

   [7]   Arkko, J. et. al. ,"Using IPsec to Protect Mobile IPv6 Signaling
         between Mobile Nodes and Home Agents,"
         Internet Draft: draft-ietf-mobileip-mipv6-ha-ipsec-06.txt, 
         Work In Progress, June 2003.
       
   [8]   Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "IP Encapsulating Security Payload 
         (ESP)", RFC 2406, November 1998. 
         
   [9]   Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the 
         Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998. 
                     
   [10]  Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "IP Authentication Header",  
         RFC 2402, November 1998.
                     


Changes from the previous version

1. Removed the threat model and generic threat stuff.
2. Described threats specific to basic support protocol.
3. Described details of specific threats to MR-HA tunneling.
4. Added thretas due to error processing. 
5. Added threats to multihoming


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Authors' Addresses

   Souhwan Jung
   Soongsil University
   1-1, Sangdo-dong, Dongjak-ku
   Seoul 156-743
   KOREA
   
   Phone: +82-2-820-0714
   EMail: souhwanj@ssu.ac.kr


   Fan Zhao
   Department of Computer Science
   University of California, Davis
   One Shield Avenue
   Davis, CA 95616
   USA

   Phone: +1-530-752-3128
   EMail: fanzhao@ucdavis.edu

   Felix Wu
   Department of Computer Science
   University of California, Davis
   One Shield Avenue
   Davis, CA 95616
   USA

   Phone: +1-530-754-7070
   EMail: wu@cs.ucdavis.edu

   

   HyunGon Kim
   Network Security Department
   ETRI
   161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu
   Taejon 305-600
   KOREA
   
   Phone: +82-42-860-5428
   Email: hyungon@etri.re.kr   

 
   
   SungWon Sohn
   Network Security Department
   ETRI
   161 Kajong-Dong, Yusong-Gu
   Taejon 305-600
   KOREA

   Phone: +82-42-860-5072
   Email: swsohn@etri.re.kr


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Intellectual Property Statement

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Subject: Re: [nemo] can an HA itself be an MNN under NEMO?
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I don't get why you would have a Parent HA advertising prefix X, and 
then a Mobile HA and MNN inside the top MR's prefix X... doesn't seem 
like a topologically correct arrangement of routers. The Mobile HA is 
under MR with prefix Y, so why is it advertising prefix X.

Think about the fixed case, would you have this arrangement?

Router
   | prefix X
   |
   |
Router
   | prefix Y
   |
   |
Router
   | prefix X
   |
   |
Fixed node with prefix X


it wouldn't make sense, right? It seems the scenario in the slide is 
just taking this case, and nesting it inside MRs.


On Feb 29, 2004, at 4:11 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:

>
> Hi,
>
> During our analysis of multi-homing and nested NEMO cases, we
> have encountered a question, hopefully get some clarifications
> from the NEMO working group:
>
> 	-- Can an HA itself be an MNN under the NEMO context?
>
> Please see our attached PDF file for our preliminary analysis on
> this issue. It seems to us that this can be allowed for MIPv6, but
> should NOT be allowed for NEMO (otherwise, we might have a loop,
> and the multi-homing issue might be more complex).
>
> -Felix
> -- 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
> Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
> Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
> University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> <NEMO-HA-as-MNN.pdf>
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Cc: "Fan Zhao" <fanzhao@ucdavis.edu>, IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>,
        Souhwan Jung <souhwanj@ssu.ac.kr>
From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] can an HA itself be an MNN under NEMO?
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:43:17 +0900
To: "S. Felix Wu" <wu@cs.ucdavis.edu>
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I don't get why you would have a Parent HA advertising prefix X, and 
then a Mobile HA and MNN inside the top MR's prefix X... doesn't seem 
like a topologically correct arrangement of routers. The Mobile HA is 
under MR with prefix Y, so why is it advertising prefix X.

Think about the fixed case, would you have this arrangement?

Router
   | prefix X
   |
   |
Router
   | prefix Y
   |
   |
Router
   | prefix X
   |
   |
Fixed node with prefix X


it wouldn't make sense, right? It seems the scenario in the slide is 
just taking this case, and nesting it inside MRs.


On Feb 29, 2004, at 4:11 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:

>
> Hi,
>
> During our analysis of multi-homing and nested NEMO cases, we
> have encountered a question, hopefully get some clarifications
> from the NEMO working group:
>
> 	-- Can an HA itself be an MNN under the NEMO context?
>
> Please see our attached PDF file for our preliminary analysis on
> this issue. It seems to us that this can be allowed for MIPv6, but
> should NOT be allowed for NEMO (otherwise, we might have a loop,
> and the multi-homing issue might be more complex).
>
> -Felix
> -- 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
> Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
> Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
> University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> <NEMO-HA-as-MNN.pdf>
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I was really thinking about the MR for prefix Y moving into
another network (prefix X) without knowing that one of its own
MNN is actually the HA for that network.

I agree that, for fixed topology/configuration, this doesn't
make sense. But, I am not sure about the "moving" case (plus
nested).
-Felix


T.J. Kniveton wrote:

> I don't get why you would have a Parent HA advertising prefix X, and 
> then a Mobile HA and MNN inside the top MR's prefix X... doesn't seem 
> like a topologically correct arrangement of routers. The Mobile HA is 
> under MR with prefix Y, so why is it advertising prefix X.
> 
> Think about the fixed case, would you have this arrangement?
> 
> Router
>   | prefix X
>   |
>   |
> Router
>   | prefix Y
>   |
>   |
> Router
>   | prefix X
>   |
>   |
> Fixed node with prefix X
> 
> 
> it wouldn't make sense, right? It seems the scenario in the slide is 
> just taking this case, and nesting it inside MRs.
> 
> 
> On Feb 29, 2004, at 4:11 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:
> 
>>
>> Hi,
>>
>> During our analysis of multi-homing and nested NEMO cases, we
>> have encountered a question, hopefully get some clarifications
>> from the NEMO working group:
>>
>>     -- Can an HA itself be an MNN under the NEMO context?
>>
>> Please see our attached PDF file for our preliminary analysis on
>> this issue. It seems to us that this can be allowed for MIPv6, but
>> should NOT be allowed for NEMO (otherwise, we might have a loop,
>> and the multi-homing issue might be more complex).
>>
>> -Felix
>> -- 
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>> Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
>> Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
>> Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
>> University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>> <NEMO-HA-as-MNN.pdf>

-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------




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        Souhwan Jung <souhwanj@ssu.ac.kr>
Subject: Re: [nemo] can an HA itself be an MNN under NEMO?
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I was really thinking about the MR for prefix Y moving into
another network (prefix X) without knowing that one of its own
MNN is actually the HA for that network.

I agree that, for fixed topology/configuration, this doesn't
make sense. But, I am not sure about the "moving" case (plus
nested).
-Felix


T.J. Kniveton wrote:

> I don't get why you would have a Parent HA advertising prefix X, and 
> then a Mobile HA and MNN inside the top MR's prefix X... doesn't seem 
> like a topologically correct arrangement of routers. The Mobile HA is 
> under MR with prefix Y, so why is it advertising prefix X.
> 
> Think about the fixed case, would you have this arrangement?
> 
> Router
>   | prefix X
>   |
>   |
> Router
>   | prefix Y
>   |
>   |
> Router
>   | prefix X
>   |
>   |
> Fixed node with prefix X
> 
> 
> it wouldn't make sense, right? It seems the scenario in the slide is 
> just taking this case, and nesting it inside MRs.
> 
> 
> On Feb 29, 2004, at 4:11 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:
> 
>>
>> Hi,
>>
>> During our analysis of multi-homing and nested NEMO cases, we
>> have encountered a question, hopefully get some clarifications
>> from the NEMO working group:
>>
>>     -- Can an HA itself be an MNN under the NEMO context?
>>
>> Please see our attached PDF file for our preliminary analysis on
>> this issue. It seems to us that this can be allowed for MIPv6, but
>> should NOT be allowed for NEMO (otherwise, we might have a loop,
>> and the multi-homing issue might be more complex).
>>
>> -Felix
>> -- 
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>> Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
>> Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
>> Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
>> University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>> <NEMO-HA-as-MNN.pdf>

-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------





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From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] can an HA itself be an MNN under NEMO?
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:59:34 +0900
To: "S. Felix Wu" <wu@cs.ucdavis.edu>
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I still don't get it.. Why would there be HAs on two different links  
supporting the same prefix?? In the fixed case, it's analogous to two  
routers on different links, advertising the same global prefix.

On Feb 29, 2004, at 10:53 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:

>
> I was really thinking about the MR for prefix Y moving into
> another network (prefix X) without knowing that one of its own
> MNN is actually the HA for that network.
>
> I agree that, for fixed topology/configuration, this doesn't
> make sense. But, I am not sure about the "moving" case (plus
> nested).
> -Felix
>
>
> T.J. Kniveton wrote:
>
>> I don't get why you would have a Parent HA advertising prefix X, and  
>> then a Mobile HA and MNN inside the top MR's prefix X... doesn't seem  
>> like a topologically correct arrangement of routers. The Mobile HA is  
>> under MR with prefix Y, so why is it advertising prefix X.
>> Think about the fixed case, would you have this arrangement?
>> Router
>>   | prefix X
>>   |
>>   |
>> Router
>>   | prefix Y
>>   |
>>   |
>> Router
>>   | prefix X
>>   |
>>   |
>> Fixed node with prefix X
>> it wouldn't make sense, right? It seems the scenario in the slide is  
>> just taking this case, and nesting it inside MRs.
>> On Feb 29, 2004, at 4:11 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:
>>>
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> During our analysis of multi-homing and nested NEMO cases, we
>>> have encountered a question, hopefully get some clarifications
>>> from the NEMO working group:
>>>
>>>     -- Can an HA itself be an MNN under the NEMO context?
>>>
>>> Please see our attached PDF file for our preliminary analysis on
>>> this issue. It seems to us that this can be allowed for MIPv6, but
>>> should NOT be allowed for NEMO (otherwise, we might have a loop,
>>> and the multi-homing issue might be more complex).
>>>
>>> -Felix
>>> --  
>>> --------------------------------------------------------------------- 
>>> -
>>> Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                            
>>> wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
>>> Associate Professor                       
>>> http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
>>> Computer Science Department                     office:  
>>> 1-530-754-7070
>>> University of California at Davis               fax:     
>>> 1-530-752-4767
>>> --------------------------------------------------------------------- 
>>> -
>>> <NEMO-HA-as-MNN.pdf>
>
> -- 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
> Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
> Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
> University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>

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From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] can an HA itself be an MNN under NEMO?
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:59:34 +0900
To: "S. Felix Wu" <wu@cs.ucdavis.edu>
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I still don't get it.. Why would there be HAs on two different links  
supporting the same prefix?? In the fixed case, it's analogous to two  
routers on different links, advertising the same global prefix.

On Feb 29, 2004, at 10:53 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:

>
> I was really thinking about the MR for prefix Y moving into
> another network (prefix X) without knowing that one of its own
> MNN is actually the HA for that network.
>
> I agree that, for fixed topology/configuration, this doesn't
> make sense. But, I am not sure about the "moving" case (plus
> nested).
> -Felix
>
>
> T.J. Kniveton wrote:
>
>> I don't get why you would have a Parent HA advertising prefix X, and  
>> then a Mobile HA and MNN inside the top MR's prefix X... doesn't seem  
>> like a topologically correct arrangement of routers. The Mobile HA is  
>> under MR with prefix Y, so why is it advertising prefix X.
>> Think about the fixed case, would you have this arrangement?
>> Router
>>   | prefix X
>>   |
>>   |
>> Router
>>   | prefix Y
>>   |
>>   |
>> Router
>>   | prefix X
>>   |
>>   |
>> Fixed node with prefix X
>> it wouldn't make sense, right? It seems the scenario in the slide is  
>> just taking this case, and nesting it inside MRs.
>> On Feb 29, 2004, at 4:11 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:
>>>
>>> Hi,
>>>
>>> During our analysis of multi-homing and nested NEMO cases, we
>>> have encountered a question, hopefully get some clarifications
>>> from the NEMO working group:
>>>
>>>     -- Can an HA itself be an MNN under the NEMO context?
>>>
>>> Please see our attached PDF file for our preliminary analysis on
>>> this issue. It seems to us that this can be allowed for MIPv6, but
>>> should NOT be allowed for NEMO (otherwise, we might have a loop,
>>> and the multi-homing issue might be more complex).
>>>
>>> -Felix
>>> --  
>>> --------------------------------------------------------------------- 
>>> -
>>> Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                            
>>> wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
>>> Associate Professor                       
>>> http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
>>> Computer Science Department                     office:  
>>> 1-530-754-7070
>>> University of California at Davis               fax:     
>>> 1-530-752-4767
>>> --------------------------------------------------------------------- 
>>> -
>>> <NEMO-HA-as-MNN.pdf>
>
> -- 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
> Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
> Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
> University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>

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From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 18:13:31 2004
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From: "Eranga Perera" <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
To: "'Alexandru Petrescu'" <Alexandru.Petrescu@motorola.com>
Cc: <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
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Hi Alex,
Thanks for the reply. I wish I had a solution for the security issues
but I don't. 

I was only trying to verify why we assume that all Visiting Nodes are
mobility aware. 
I guess gnerally everyone seems to go by the assumption that a node with
a "permanent IP address" that belongs to another network (not the prefix
of the mobile network)is MIP or MIPv6 enabled. If visiting nodes are all
MIP or MIPv6 enabled then I guess it is more or less a route
optimization issue as you have suggested. 

Best Regards,
Eranga

-----Original Message-----
From: Alexandru Petrescu [mailto:Alexandru.Petrescu@motorola.com] 
Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2004 8:29 PM
To: Eranga Perera
Cc: nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes


Eranga Perera wrote:
> Hi All,
> Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to 
> a mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes? More precisely how 
> about the nodes that belong to another network (not mobile network) 
> but has no mobility capabilities? (scenario - commuter with a PDA with

> no mobility capabilities obtain connectivity via a MR deployed on a 
> bus)

If the node entering the train has no mobility capabilities (i.e. no 
Mobile IPv6 MN code) then it will loose all ongoing connections once it 
obtains a new address inside the train.  This is not necessarily meaning

that its new connections will not work, it is just that ongoing 
applications will have to be restarted; for some applications this is 
probably not even noticeable, for others it is bad enough.

However, since in NEMO the Mobile IPv6 protocol is used, it is natural 
to assume that the VMN's do use Mobile IPv6, and it is also natural to 
look at the Mobile IPv6 problems that might (or might not occur) when 
that node enters a train.

If a node not using Mobile IPv6 enters a train moving network, then 
problems related to DHCPv6, or other means of acquiring a new address 
(without caring about continuing ongoing applications), or routing, 
maybe could be treated in other places; this is to say that the moving 
network looks to the respective node as any other fixed network, no 
difference...

Otherwise, what do you think are the problems of a non-Mobile IPv6 node 
jumping from a bus to a train?

My oppinion,

Alex




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Hi Alex,
Thanks for the reply. I wish I had a solution for the security issues
but I don't. 

I was only trying to verify why we assume that all Visiting Nodes are
mobility aware. 
I guess gnerally everyone seems to go by the assumption that a node with
a "permanent IP address" that belongs to another network (not the prefix
of the mobile network)is MIP or MIPv6 enabled. If visiting nodes are all
MIP or MIPv6 enabled then I guess it is more or less a route
optimization issue as you have suggested. 

Best Regards,
Eranga

-----Original Message-----
From: Alexandru Petrescu [mailto:Alexandru.Petrescu@motorola.com] 
Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2004 8:29 PM
To: Eranga Perera
Cc: nemo@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes


Eranga Perera wrote:
> Hi All,
> Would someone be able to clarify why is it that all visiting nodes to 
> a mobile network are assumed to be mobile nodes? More precisely how 
> about the nodes that belong to another network (not mobile network) 
> but has no mobility capabilities? (scenario - commuter with a PDA with

> no mobility capabilities obtain connectivity via a MR deployed on a 
> bus)

If the node entering the train has no mobility capabilities (i.e. no 
Mobile IPv6 MN code) then it will loose all ongoing connections once it 
obtains a new address inside the train.  This is not necessarily meaning

that its new connections will not work, it is just that ongoing 
applications will have to be restarted; for some applications this is 
probably not even noticeable, for others it is bad enough.

However, since in NEMO the Mobile IPv6 protocol is used, it is natural 
to assume that the VMN's do use Mobile IPv6, and it is also natural to 
look at the Mobile IPv6 problems that might (or might not occur) when 
that node enters a train.

If a node not using Mobile IPv6 enters a train moving network, then 
problems related to DHCPv6, or other means of acquiring a new address 
(without caring about continuing ongoing applications), or routing, 
maybe could be treated in other places; this is to say that the moving 
network looks to the respective node as any other fixed network, no 
difference...

Otherwise, what do you think are the problems of a non-Mobile IPv6 node 
jumping from a bus to a train?

My oppinion,

Alex





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 18:18:27 2004
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From: "Eranga Perera" <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
To: "'Chan-Wah NG'" <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Cc: <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
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Hi Chan-Wah,
Basically you are saying that there won't be any node in a mobile
network with a permanent IP address which belongs to another network and
has no MIP or MIPv6 capabilities.
Have I understood you correctly?

Best Regrds,
Eranga

-----Original Message-----
From: Chan-Wah NG [mailto:cwng@psl.com.sg]=20
Sent: Friday, February 27, 2004 1:49 PM
To: Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano
Cc: Eranga Perera; IETF NEMO WG
Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes


Hello all,

One way to look at it is to restrict our interpretation of the terms
used in the layer we are working on (i.e. IP: layer 3).

With that, then "visiting" would implies the concept of 'Home network"
and "foreign network".  Thus it implicitly carry the concept of mobility
protocols (MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "Local" would then refer to a node
that is in its home domain, which may or may not use/know mobility
protocols.

Also, the term "Mobile node" implies a node that uses mobility protocols
(MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "fixed node" would then refer to a node that
does not use mobility protocols (though it may accept BU, send BA,
implements BCE, etc).

So, we say a node is "visiting" when its in a foreign domain, and a node
is "local" when its in the home domain.  Thus there can be no such thing
as a Visiting fixed node. =20

In the eyes of IP, the PDA example would be a LFN, though in the eyes of
the user it is definitely mobile, and in the eyes of the mobile router
owner, it is a visitor.

Does this makes sense?

/rgds
/cwng


On Thu, 2004-02-26 at 16:30, Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano wrote:
> Hi Eranga,
>=20
> 	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network,
but not=20
> all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move=20
> topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are=20
> nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with=20
> respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the=20
> other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting=20
> Mobile Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term=20
> "visiting" is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it=20
> does not mean that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not

> visit a mobile network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
>=20
> 	Best regards,
>=20
> 	Carlos J.
>=20





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From: "Eranga Perera" <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
To: "'Chan-Wah NG'" <cwng@psl.com.sg>
Cc: <nemo@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
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Hi Chan-Wah,
Basically you are saying that there won't be any node in a mobile
network with a permanent IP address which belongs to another network and
has no MIP or MIPv6 capabilities.
Have I understood you correctly?

Best Regrds,
Eranga

-----Original Message-----
From: Chan-Wah NG [mailto:cwng@psl.com.sg]=20
Sent: Friday, February 27, 2004 1:49 PM
To: Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano
Cc: Eranga Perera; IETF NEMO WG
Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes


Hello all,

One way to look at it is to restrict our interpretation of the terms
used in the layer we are working on (i.e. IP: layer 3).

With that, then "visiting" would implies the concept of 'Home network"
and "foreign network".  Thus it implicitly carry the concept of mobility
protocols (MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "Local" would then refer to a node
that is in its home domain, which may or may not use/know mobility
protocols.

Also, the term "Mobile node" implies a node that uses mobility protocols
(MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "fixed node" would then refer to a node that
does not use mobility protocols (though it may accept BU, send BA,
implements BCE, etc).

So, we say a node is "visiting" when its in a foreign domain, and a node
is "local" when its in the home domain.  Thus there can be no such thing
as a Visiting fixed node. =20

In the eyes of IP, the PDA example would be a LFN, though in the eyes of
the user it is definitely mobile, and in the eyes of the mobile router
owner, it is a visitor.

Does this makes sense?

/rgds
/cwng


On Thu, 2004-02-26 at 16:30, Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano wrote:
> Hi Eranga,
>=20
> 	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network,
but not=20
> all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move=20
> topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are=20
> nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with=20
> respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the=20
> other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting=20
> Mobile Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term=20
> "visiting" is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it=20
> does not mean that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could not

> visit a mobile network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
>=20
> 	Best regards,
>=20
> 	Carlos J.
>=20






From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 19:06:29 2004
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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
Cc: IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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I would think so, else your permenant IP won't be topologically
compatible with the foriegn network, and it disrupt the routing fabric.=20
You could of-course not use your permenant IP, but grab a temporrary IP
address via DHCP or autoconfiguration.

/rgds
/cwng

On Mon, 2004-03-01 at 07:15, Eranga Perera wrote:
> Hi Chan-Wah,
> Basically you are saying that there won't be any node in a mobile
> network with a permanent IP address which belongs to another network an=
d
> has no MIP or MIPv6 capabilities.
> Have I understood you correctly?
>=20
> Best Regrds,
> Eranga
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Chan-Wah NG [mailto:cwng@psl.com.sg]=20
> Sent: Friday, February 27, 2004 1:49 PM
> To: Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano
> Cc: Eranga Perera; IETF NEMO WG
> Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
>=20
>=20
> Hello all,
>=20
> One way to look at it is to restrict our interpretation of the terms
> used in the layer we are working on (i.e. IP: layer 3).
>=20
> With that, then "visiting" would implies the concept of 'Home network"
> and "foreign network".  Thus it implicitly carry the concept of mobilit=
y
> protocols (MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "Local" would then refer to a node
> that is in its home domain, which may or may not use/know mobility
> protocols.
>=20
> Also, the term "Mobile node" implies a node that uses mobility protocol=
s
> (MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "fixed node" would then refer to a node that
> does not use mobility protocols (though it may accept BU, send BA,
> implements BCE, etc).
>=20
> So, we say a node is "visiting" when its in a foreign domain, and a nod=
e
> is "local" when its in the home domain.  Thus there can be no such thin=
g
> as a Visiting fixed node. =20
>=20
> In the eyes of IP, the PDA example would be a LFN, though in the eyes o=
f
> the user it is definitely mobile, and in the eyes of the mobile router
> owner, it is a visitor.
>=20
> Does this makes sense?
>=20
> /rgds
> /cwng
>=20
>=20
> On Thu, 2004-02-26 at 16:30, Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano wrote:
> > Hi Eranga,
> >=20
> > 	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network,
> but not=20
> > all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move=20
> > topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are=20
> > nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with=20
> > respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the=
=20
> > other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting=20
> > Mobile Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term=20
> > "visiting" is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it=
=20
> > does not mean that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could no=
t
>=20
> > visit a mobile network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
> >=20
> > 	Best regards,
> >=20
> > 	Carlos J.
> >=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20




From exim@www1.ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 19:07:52 2004
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Subject: RE: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
From: Chan-Wah NG <cwng@psl.com.sg>
To: Eranga Perera <eranga@mobqos.ee.unsw.edu.au>
Cc: IETF NEMO WG <nemo@ietf.org>
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I would think so, else your permenant IP won't be topologically
compatible with the foriegn network, and it disrupt the routing fabric.=20
You could of-course not use your permenant IP, but grab a temporrary IP
address via DHCP or autoconfiguration.

/rgds
/cwng

On Mon, 2004-03-01 at 07:15, Eranga Perera wrote:
> Hi Chan-Wah,
> Basically you are saying that there won't be any node in a mobile
> network with a permanent IP address which belongs to another network an=
d
> has no MIP or MIPv6 capabilities.
> Have I understood you correctly?
>=20
> Best Regrds,
> Eranga
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Chan-Wah NG [mailto:cwng@psl.com.sg]=20
> Sent: Friday, February 27, 2004 1:49 PM
> To: Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano
> Cc: Eranga Perera; IETF NEMO WG
> Subject: Re: [nemo] Visiting Nodes
>=20
>=20
> Hello all,
>=20
> One way to look at it is to restrict our interpretation of the terms
> used in the layer we are working on (i.e. IP: layer 3).
>=20
> With that, then "visiting" would implies the concept of 'Home network"
> and "foreign network".  Thus it implicitly carry the concept of mobilit=
y
> protocols (MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "Local" would then refer to a node
> that is in its home domain, which may or may not use/know mobility
> protocols.
>=20
> Also, the term "Mobile node" implies a node that uses mobility protocol=
s
> (MIPv4, MIPv6).  The term "fixed node" would then refer to a node that
> does not use mobility protocols (though it may accept BU, send BA,
> implements BCE, etc).
>=20
> So, we say a node is "visiting" when its in a foreign domain, and a nod=
e
> is "local" when its in the home domain.  Thus there can be no such thin=
g
> as a Visiting fixed node. =20
>=20
> In the eyes of IP, the PDA example would be a LFN, though in the eyes o=
f
> the user it is definitely mobile, and in the eyes of the mobile router
> owner, it is a visitor.
>=20
> Does this makes sense?
>=20
> /rgds
> /cwng
>=20
>=20
> On Thu, 2004-02-26 at 16:30, Carlos Jes=FAs Bernardos Cano wrote:
> > Hi Eranga,
> >=20
> > 	All MNNs (Mobile Network Nodes) move with the mobile network,
> but not=20
> > all of them are "mobile nodes" (i.e. have MIPv6 support and can move=20
> > topologically with respect to the MR). Local Fixed Nodes (LFNs) are=20
> > nodes that belong to the mobile network and which do not move with=20
> > respect to the MR (like the node you pointed in your example). In the=
=20
> > other hand, there are nodes with mobility capabilities: Visiting=20
> > Mobile Nodes (VMNs) and Local Mobile Nodes (LMNs). Perhaps the term=20
> > "visiting" is not very clear and could lead to confusion, but IMHO it=
=20
> > does not mean that other nodes-with no mobility capabilities-could no=
t
>=20
> > visit a mobile network (i.e. a node with portability-DHCPv6 support).
> >=20
> > 	Best regards,
> >=20
> > 	Carlos J.
> >=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 19:46:34 2004
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Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 19:43:01 -0500
To: Laurent Toutain <Laurent.Toutain@irisa.fr>
From: Ralph Droms <rdroms@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] autoconfiguration with DHCPv6
Cc: pthubert@cisco.com, nemo@ietf.org
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Laurent - thanks for the comments on draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt and
to the pointer to your draft.  I just got a pointer to your e-mail earlier
and haven't had time to review your draft before the nemo WG meeting today.

draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt addresses two problems:
1. delegate NEMO-prefix from home network to MR
2. delegate NEMO-prefix from visited network to MR

If I understand your comment about multiple MRs on a visited link, I don't
think there will be a problem.  Each MR assigns the delegated NEMO-prefixes
to its downstream links.  The prefix on the visited link is assigned by the
NEMO AR.

- Ralph

At 05:09 PM 2/23/2004 +0100, Laurent Toutain wrote:
>I'm not familiar with the network mobility vocabulary, I'm little
>confused but all NEMO acronyms (but I will learn
>them I promise), but I was very interested by the
>draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt since it covers some
>concerns we got in the late ZEROUTER BOF.It could be important to have
>solution that works either when
>the MN is in its home network and away and with any kind of
>architecture, not only a single homed network.
>
>I will compare this draft to the proposal we published sevral month away
>and that can be found at
>http://internet.motlabs.com/zerouter/drafts/draft-chelius-router-autoconf-00.txt
>
>If I understand the draft is for asking the HA to assign a prefix to the
>Mobile Network either when the MR is
>at home or in a visiting network. I think this solution works well for a
>Mobile Network with only one MR, but it
>will be very difficult to generalize it to Home Networking
>autoconfiguration (like DSLAC) for several reasons :
>
>- in a home network, you may have several routers on a same link. In
>that case, all the routers will asks for a
>prefix using DHCPv6 and you may have several prefixes for each link.
>
>- in a home network, at least during the boot phase, it is not
>guaranteed that you have access to a DHCPv6
>server since prefixes allocation and routing are not establish (it is
>not the case in NEMO, you assume a certain
>stability in visited networks).
>
>
>Laurent




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Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 19:43:01 -0500
To: Laurent Toutain <Laurent.Toutain@irisa.fr>
From: Ralph Droms <rdroms@cisco.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] autoconfiguration with DHCPv6
Cc: pthubert@cisco.com, nemo@ietf.org
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Laurent - thanks for the comments on draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt and
to the pointer to your draft.  I just got a pointer to your e-mail earlier
and haven't had time to review your draft before the nemo WG meeting today.

draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt addresses two problems:
1. delegate NEMO-prefix from home network to MR
2. delegate NEMO-prefix from visited network to MR

If I understand your comment about multiple MRs on a visited link, I don't
think there will be a problem.  Each MR assigns the delegated NEMO-prefixes
to its downstream links.  The prefix on the visited link is assigned by the
NEMO AR.

- Ralph

At 05:09 PM 2/23/2004 +0100, Laurent Toutain wrote:
>I'm not familiar with the network mobility vocabulary, I'm little
>confused but all NEMO acronyms (but I will learn
>them I promise), but I was very interested by the
>draft-droms-nemo-dhcpv6-pd-01.txt since it covers some
>concerns we got in the late ZEROUTER BOF.It could be important to have
>solution that works either when
>the MN is in its home network and away and with any kind of
>architecture, not only a single homed network.
>
>I will compare this draft to the proposal we published sevral month away
>and that can be found at
>http://internet.motlabs.com/zerouter/drafts/draft-chelius-router-autoconf-00.txt
>
>If I understand the draft is for asking the HA to assign a prefix to the
>Mobile Network either when the MR is
>at home or in a visiting network. I think this solution works well for a
>Mobile Network with only one MR, but it
>will be very difficult to generalize it to Home Networking
>autoconfiguration (like DSLAC) for several reasons :
>
>- in a home network, you may have several routers on a same link. In
>that case, all the routers will asks for a
>prefix using DHCPv6 and you may have several prefixes for each link.
>
>- in a home network, at least during the boot phase, it is not
>guaranteed that you have access to a DHCPv6
>server since prefixes allocation and routing are not establish (it is
>not the case in NEMO, you assume a certain
>stability in visited networks).
>
>
>Laurent





From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 20:30:32 2004
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For anyone following along on your laptop, the link for slides is:

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TJ
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For anyone following along on your laptop, the link for slides is:

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TJ
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Here is the updated Charter and Milestone list. It has been approved 
but not yet posted on the web site. Per the discussion today, 
submitting a multihoming problem statement draft is on the milstones 
list.

TJ

Begin forwarded message:

> From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
> Date: February 20, 2004 12:23:46 PM GMT+09:00
> Subject: NEMO charter update
>
> Changes are:
> - new deadlines and re-ordering
> - cosmetic changes in the description of some milestones (so that it 
> becomes more precice).
> - new milestones
>
> Numbers are used to match the changes to a particular milestone:
> - 1-6: existing milestones
> - 7- : new milestones
>
> Here are the former milestones as currently shown on the web:
> 1. Mar 03    	Submit terminology and requirements documents (for Basic 
> support).
> 2. May 03    	Submit Threat analysis and security requirements for 
> NEMO.
> 3. Aug 03    	Submit solution for basic support to IESG.
> 4. Nov 03    	Submit MIB for Basic support to the IESG.
> 5. Mar 04    	Submit the analysis of the solution space for route 
> optimization.
> 6. Jun 04    	Shut down or recharter the WG to solve the route 
> optimization.
>
>
> Please update the milestones as shown below:
> 1. DONE 	Submit WG draft -00 on Terminology and Requirements (for 
> Basic Support)
> 3. DONE    	Submit NEMO Basic Support to IESG
> 2. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Threat Analysis and Security 
> Requirements for NEMO.
> 7. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Multihoming Problem Statement
> 8. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on NEMO Basic Support Usages
> 9. Apr 04	Submit Terminology as Informational to IETG
> 10 Apr 04	Submit Goals and Requirements as Informational to IESG
> 11 Apr 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Prefix Delegation for NEMO
> 4. May 04       Submit WG draft -00 on MIB for NEMO Basic Support
> 5. Jun 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Analysis of the Solution Space for 
> Route Optimization
> 6. Aug 04	Shut down or recharter the WG to solve route optimization

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From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 10:32:38 +0900
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Subject: [nemo] Fwd: NEMO charter update
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Here is the updated Charter and Milestone list. It has been approved 
but not yet posted on the web site. Per the discussion today, 
submitting a multihoming problem statement draft is on the milstones 
list.

TJ

Begin forwarded message:

> From: Thierry Ernst <ernst@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
> Date: February 20, 2004 12:23:46 PM GMT+09:00
> Subject: NEMO charter update
>
> Changes are:
> - new deadlines and re-ordering
> - cosmetic changes in the description of some milestones (so that it 
> becomes more precice).
> - new milestones
>
> Numbers are used to match the changes to a particular milestone:
> - 1-6: existing milestones
> - 7- : new milestones
>
> Here are the former milestones as currently shown on the web:
> 1. Mar 03    	Submit terminology and requirements documents (for Basic 
> support).
> 2. May 03    	Submit Threat analysis and security requirements for 
> NEMO.
> 3. Aug 03    	Submit solution for basic support to IESG.
> 4. Nov 03    	Submit MIB for Basic support to the IESG.
> 5. Mar 04    	Submit the analysis of the solution space for route 
> optimization.
> 6. Jun 04    	Shut down or recharter the WG to solve the route 
> optimization.
>
>
> Please update the milestones as shown below:
> 1. DONE 	Submit WG draft -00 on Terminology and Requirements (for 
> Basic Support)
> 3. DONE    	Submit NEMO Basic Support to IESG
> 2. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Threat Analysis and Security 
> Requirements for NEMO.
> 7. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Multihoming Problem Statement
> 8. Mar 04	Submit WG draft -00 on NEMO Basic Support Usages
> 9. Apr 04	Submit Terminology as Informational to IETG
> 10 Apr 04	Submit Goals and Requirements as Informational to IESG
> 11 Apr 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Prefix Delegation for NEMO
> 4. May 04       Submit WG draft -00 on MIB for NEMO Basic Support
> 5. Jun 04	Submit WG draft -00 on Analysis of the Solution Space for 
> Route Optimization
> 6. Aug 04	Shut down or recharter the WG to solve route optimization

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Hello.

About draft-cho-nemo-hmra-00.txt:

Cited from secion 4.1 Router Advertisement Message Format

----
     Figure 2 shows the RA message format with age field.

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |     Type      |     Code      |          Checksum             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      | Cur Hop Limit |M|O| Age |Rsvd |       Router Lifetime         |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                         Reachable Time                        |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                          Retrans Timer                        |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |   Options ...
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
----

The "age" is conflicts with the the Home Agent (H) flag
(in <draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-24.txt>) 
and with the Default Router Preference (prf) flag
(in <draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-03.txt>).

The flags is extremely expensive resource and
it is actually running out. 
Allocating another "RA option" is better.

Thanks.

-- 
Hideaki YOSHIFUJI @ USAGI Project <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
GPG FP: 9022 65EB 1ECF 3AD1 0BDF  80D8 4807 F894 E062 0EEA



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From: YOSHIFUJI Hideaki / =?iso-2022-jp?B?GyRCNUhGIzFRTEAbKEI=?= <yoshfuji@wide.ad.jp>
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Hello.

About draft-cho-nemo-hmra-00.txt:

Cited from secion 4.1 Router Advertisement Message Format

----
     Figure 2 shows the RA message format with age field.

       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |     Type      |     Code      |          Checksum             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      | Cur Hop Limit |M|O| Age |Rsvd |       Router Lifetime         |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                         Reachable Time                        |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                          Retrans Timer                        |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |   Options ...
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-
----

The "age" is conflicts with the the Home Agent (H) flag
(in <draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-24.txt>) 
and with the Default Router Preference (prf) flag
(in <draft-ietf-ipv6-router-selection-03.txt>).

The flags is extremely expensive resource and
it is actually running out. 
Allocating another "RA option" is better.

Thanks.

-- 
Hideaki YOSHIFUJI @ USAGI Project <yoshfuji@linux-ipv6.org>
GPG FP: 9022 65EB 1ECF 3AD1 0BDF  80D8 4807 F894 E062 0EEA




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 23:02:42 2004
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From: "S. Felix Wu" <wu@cs.ucdavis.edu>
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Subject: [nemo] a special discussion session for threat analysis and security
 requirements
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Hi,

It seems to me that we have many folks are interested in working on
security/threat related issues under NEMO, while, as TJ concluded
today, we still need a good external review for security issues.

In order for us to work together more effectively as a team and
to consolidate different efforts, I proposed to TJ that maybe we
should have a special meeting this week in Seoul to discuss about
security issue. This special discussion will be open to any one
who is interested in the security issue under NEMO.

I propose two options for the meeting time:
(1). 11-12 on Wed morning
(2). 11-12 on Thu morning

For those of you who are indeed interested in joining us, please
let me know in emails whether any one of the propsed time is good
for you. And, then, after I collect all the inputs, I will announce
tomorrow around 4:00 p.m. to the NEMO mailing list.

Draft Agenda:
(1). Introduce ourselves
(2). status of all current drafts
(3). what should we really achieve regarding the security issue
      in NEMO?
(4). "how to achieve that goal" and hopefully some action items
      before the next IETF.

Thanks. Any comments will be welcome.
-Felix
-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Dr. S. (Shyhtsun) Felix Wu                           wu@cs.ucdavis.edu
Associate Professor                      http://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~wu
Computer Science Department                     office: 1-530-754-7070
University of California at Davis               fax:    1-530-752-4767
----------------------------------------------------------------------




From nemo-admin@ietf.org  Sun Feb 29 23:44:01 2004
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From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] a special discussion session for threat analysis and security requirements
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 13:37:50 +0900
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On Mar 1, 2004, at 12:59 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:
>
> It seems to me that we have many folks are interested in working on
> security/threat related issues under NEMO, while, as TJ concluded
> today, we still need a good external review for security issues.

Maybe I didn't state it understandably at the meeting. The draft has 
definitely undergone an extensive security analysis and review during 
and after creation. I was saying that I would like to see some experts 
from the security Area make commentary and analysis about the draft. We 
have requested this a while back, but it didn't happen.

I'm not trying to imply that the NEMO basic solution is deficient; as I 
said in the meeting, I would like a positive affirmation of the 
security analysis by those whose primary interest is security.

TJ


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From: "T.J. Kniveton" <tj@kniveton.com>
Subject: Re: [nemo] a special discussion session for threat analysis and security requirements
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 13:37:50 +0900
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On Mar 1, 2004, at 12:59 PM, S. Felix Wu wrote:
>
> It seems to me that we have many folks are interested in working on
> security/threat related issues under NEMO, while, as TJ concluded
> today, we still need a good external review for security issues.

Maybe I didn't state it understandably at the meeting. The draft has 
definitely undergone an extensive security analysis and review during 
and after creation. I was saying that I would like to see some experts 
from the security Area make commentary and analysis about the draft. We 
have requested this a while back, but it didn't happen.

I'm not trying to imply that the NEMO basic solution is deficient; as I 
said in the meeting, I would like a positive affirmation of the 
security analysis by those whose primary interest is security.

TJ


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