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From: "Thiagarajan Venkatachalam" <thiagarajan.venkatachalam@wipro.com>
To: <ietf-ppp@merit.edu>
Subject: Reg PPOA Implementation in Linux.
Date: Fri, 4 Jan 2002 17:31:52 +0530
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hi  ,

PPPOA in Linux  , the packet has to be accessed from  the datalink layer =
.
Usually , In   Linux the packet is captured from the sk_buff.=20
But this sk_buff will  contain PPP frames also  in the PPP supported  =
kernel image .

 In Kernel  space from which file we  have  to capture the PPP frames  =
so=20
that we will  call  our PPPOA module  to change the PPP frames to PPPOA  =
frames ? =20

One more question .

In skbbuff.h =20

 /* Link layer header */
 union=20
 {=20
    struct ethhdr *ethernet;
    unsigned char  *raw; =20
 } mac

the raw pointer will  hold the PPP frames .  Am i correct ?
 =20
=20
Thanks in advance
Thiagarajan

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<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>hi&nbsp; ,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>PPPOA in Linux&nbsp; , the packet has =
to be=20
accessed from  the datalink layer&nbsp;.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Usually , In  &nbsp;Linux the packet is =
captured=20
from the sk_buff. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>But this&nbsp;sk_buff&nbsp;will&nbsp;=20
contain&nbsp;PPP frames&nbsp;also&nbsp; in the&nbsp;PPP supported&nbsp; =
kernel=20
image .</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;In Kernel&nbsp; space =
</FONT><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>from which file we&nbsp; have&nbsp; to capture the PPP =
frames&nbsp;=20
so&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>that we will&nbsp; call&nbsp; our PPPOA =

module&nbsp; to change the PPP frames to PPP</FONT><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>OA&nbsp; frames ?&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>One more question .</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>In skbbuff.h&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;/* Link layer header =
*/<BR>&nbsp;union=20
<BR>&nbsp;{&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;struct=20
ethhdr&nbsp;*ethernet;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;unsigned char =
&nbsp;*raw;&nbsp;=20
<BR>&nbsp;} mac</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>the raw pointer will&nbsp; hold the PPP =
frames=20
.&nbsp; Am i correct ?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks in advance</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thiagarajan</FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Fri Jan  4 08:11:43 2002
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From: Vivek Pandey <pandey@ibextech.com>
To: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
Subject: RE: Reg PPOA Implementation in Linux.
Date: Fri, 4 Jan 2002 18:37:10 +0530 
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Go thru ppp_generic.c It exports a function ppp_input. This function is the
entry point for all ppp pckts. It is called when pkt is recvd over physical
layer...(called from ppp_async..ppp_sync...in case of tty interface over
serial or ppoe.c in case of pppoe).
I guess this solves your problem.

-----Original Message-----
From: Thiagarajan Venkatachalam [mailto:thiagarajan.venkatachalam@wipro.com]
Sent: Friday, January 04, 2002 5:32 PM
To: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
Subject: Reg PPOA Implementation in Linux.


hi  ,
 
PPPOA in Linux  , the packet has to be accessed from the datalink layer .
Usually , In  Linux the packet is captured from the sk_buff. 
But this sk_buff will  contain PPP frames also  in the PPP supported  kernel
image .
 
 In Kernel  space from which file we  have  to capture the PPP frames  so 
that we will  call  our PPPOA module  to change the PPP frames to PPPOA
frames ?  
 
One more question .
 
In skbbuff.h  
 
 /* Link layer header */
 union 
 { 
    struct ethhdr *ethernet;
    unsigned char  *raw;  
 } mac
 
the raw pointer will  hold the PPP frames .  Am i correct ?
  
 
Thanks in advance
Thiagarajan


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<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=136545412-04012002>Go 
thru ppp_generic.c It exports a function ppp_input. This function&nbsp;is the 
entry point for all ppp pckts. It is called when pkt is recvd over physical 
layer...(called from ppp_async..ppp_sync...in case of tty interface over serial 
or ppoe.c in case of pppoe).</SPAN></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT color=#0000ff face=Arial size=2><SPAN class=136545412-04012002>I 
guess this solves your problem.</SPAN></FONT></DIV></FONT></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE style="MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
  <DIV align=left class=OutlookMessageHeader dir=ltr><FONT face=Tahoma 
  size=2>-----Original Message-----<BR><B>From:</B> Thiagarajan Venkatachalam 
  [mailto:thiagarajan.venkatachalam@wipro.com]<BR><B>Sent:</B> Friday, January 
  04, 2002 5:32 PM<BR><B>To:</B> ietf-ppp@merit.edu<BR><B>Subject:</B> Reg PPOA 
  Implementation in Linux.<BR><BR></DIV></FONT>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>hi&nbsp; ,</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>PPPOA in Linux&nbsp; , the packet has to be 
  accessed from the datalink layer&nbsp;.</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Usually , In &nbsp;Linux the packet is captured 
  from the sk_buff. </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>But this&nbsp;sk_buff&nbsp;will&nbsp; 
  contain&nbsp;PPP frames&nbsp;also&nbsp; in the&nbsp;PPP supported&nbsp; kernel 
  image .</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;In Kernel&nbsp; space </FONT><FONT 
  face=Arial size=2>from which file we&nbsp; have&nbsp; to capture the PPP 
  frames&nbsp; so&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>that we will&nbsp; call&nbsp; our PPPOA 
  module&nbsp; to change the PPP frames to PPP</FONT><FONT face=Arial 
  size=2>OA&nbsp; frames ?&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>One more question .</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>In skbbuff.h&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;/* Link layer header */<BR>&nbsp;union 
  <BR>&nbsp;{&nbsp;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;struct 
  ethhdr&nbsp;*ethernet;<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;unsigned char &nbsp;*raw;&nbsp; 
  <BR>&nbsp;} mac</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>the raw pointer will&nbsp; hold the PPP frames 
  .&nbsp; Am i correct ?</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp; </FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>&nbsp;</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Thanks in advance</FONT></DIV>
  <DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Thiagarajan</FONT></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>

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From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Sun Jan  6 17:27:45 2002
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Date: Sun, 6 Jan 2002 14:12:55 -0800 (PST)
From: Bernard Aboba <aboba@internaut.com>
To: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
Subject: SRP intellectual property slides from IETF 52 IPS WG
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Find below a link to a discussion on SRP intellectual property issues that
took place at IETF 52, in the IPS WG. The issues discussed there would
appear to apply to EAP SRP as well:

http://www.pdl.cmu.edu/mailinglists/ips/mail/msg08027.html



From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Sun Jan  6 22:59:46 2002
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Subject: IP Header Compression over PPP - Working Group Last Call
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This is last call.  I will advise the area directors that we want to take IP 
Header Compression over PPP (draft-koren-pppext-rfc2509bis-00.txt) to 
Proposed Standard on January 21, 2002 unless there is substantive comment 
raised on the list.




From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Mon Jan  7 12:19:57 2002
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Subject: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
From: Luca Salgarelli <salga@bell-labs.com>
To: Karl Fox <karlfox@columbus.rr.com>
Cc: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
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Hello Karl.

I was wondering if there were any news on how to proceed with several of
the personal drafts that were presented at the 52nd IETF meeting, of
course including EAP-SKE.

My understanding was that there were no objections in taking on this and
other works as working group items.

How do we proceed?

Thanks
Luca




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To: Luca Salgarelli <salga@bell-labs.com>
Cc: Karl Fox <karlfox@columbus.rr.com>, ietf-ppp@merit.edu
Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT 
In-Reply-To: Message from Luca Salgarelli <salga@bell-labs.com> 
   of "07 Jan 2002 12:16:41 EST." <1010423804.1302.5.camel@valjean> 
Date: Mon, 07 Jan 2002 16:51:51 -0500
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> I was wondering if there were any news on how to proceed with several of
> the personal drafts that were presented at the 52nd IETF meeting, of
> course including EAP-SKE.

> My understanding was that there were no objections in taking on this and
> other works as working group items.

The IESG and some others have been discussing what to do about EAP. It
is far from clear that the PPPEXT should take on the work. Although
EAP has its origins in PPP (e.g., RFC 2284), the EAP-related IDS that
are being discussed now are pretty far removed from PPP. It is not
clear that the PPP WG has the desire or expertise to do these
documents justice (at least, that's what I think I heard Karl
saying!).

Stay tuned.

Thomas


From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Mon Jan  7 17:59:29 2002
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Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
From: Luca Salgarelli <salga@bell-labs.com>
To: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>
Cc: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
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Hello Thomas.

> The IESG and some others have been discussing what to do about EAP. It
> is far from clear that the PPPEXT should take on the work. Although
> EAP has its origins in PPP (e.g., RFC 2284), the EAP-related IDS that
> are being discussed now are pretty far removed from PPP. It is not
> clear that the PPP WG has the desire or expertise to do these
> documents justice (at least, that's what I think I heard Karl
> saying!).

I understand. 

> Stay tuned.

Hmmm, would you be able to shed more light on what is going to happen
then? Judging from the number of EAP proposals, I think there is a clear
need for a forum where to do standardization work on EAP. 

In addition, I think that, as usual, time is critical, i.e. we need to
establish industry standards for EAP-XXX mechanisms as soon as possible.

Could you elaborate on what road the IETF will take, and its timeframe
in this field?

Thanks
Luca




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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Point-to-Point Protocol Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Extending PPP over SONET/SDH, with virtual 
                          concatenation, high order and low order payloads
	Author(s)	: N. Jones, C. Murton
	Filename	: draft-ietf-pppext-posvcholo-05.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 07-Jan-02
	
The RFC 1661 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) [1] provides a standard
method for transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point
links. The RFC 1662 PPP in HDLC-like Framing [2] and RFC 2615 PPP
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From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Tue Jan  8 09:23:48 2002
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Date: Tue, 08 Jan 2002 07:57:13 -0500
To: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>, Luca Salgarelli <salga@bell-labs.com>
From: Karl Fox <karlfox@columbus.rr.com>
Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT 
Cc: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
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 <1010423804.1302.5.camel@valjean>
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At 04:51 PM 1/7/02, Thomas Narten wrote:
>Although
>EAP has its origins in PPP (e.g., RFC 2284), the EAP-related IDS that
>are being discussed now are pretty far removed from PPP. It is not
>clear that the PPP WG has the desire or expertise to do these
>documents justice (at least, that's what I think I heard Karl
>saying!).

That's what I said at Salt Lake City, and that's what I intended to say to 
you in two e-mails since, Thomas, but I sent them to an old e-mail address.  
You should have them now--sorry about that.

Karl




From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Tue Jan 15 16:47:08 2002
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From: Aslam <aslam@funk.com>
To: "'ietf-ppp@merit.edu'" <ietf-ppp@merit.edu>
Subject: close_notify in PPP_EAP_TLS
Date: Tue, 15 Jan 2002 16:54:31 -0500
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Hi,
 
even though in a ssl/tls connection, we can omit "close_notify" to be send
to the other sides, provided there r other methods on close notification, eg
if ssl/tls is embeded in some other top layer protocol. correct ?? but
openssl and other ssl/tls libraries only make a ssl/tls session suitable for
resumption, only if a close_notify is been send to other side..
rfc#2716 does not mention about sending ssl/tls close_notify when ssl/tls
authentication (handshake) is complete.. Openssl (and i assume other ssl/tls
libraries) modifying a session to turn up into a bad one, since no
close_notify is send.. 
Question: do we send a close_notify alert in EAP_TLS after the tls handshake
is complete ?? 
 
 
thanks
Aslam

------_=_NextPart_001_01C19E0F.367C5320
Content-Type: text/html;
	charset="iso-8859-1"

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">


<META content="MSHTML 6.00.2712.300" name=GENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>Hi,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial size=2>even though 
in&nbsp;a ssl/tls connection, we can omit "close_notify" to be send to the other 
sides, provided there r other methods on close notification, eg if ssl/tls is 
embeded in some other top layer protocol. correct ?? but openssl and other 
ssl/tls libraries only make a ssl/tls session suitable for resumption, only if a 
close_notify is been send to other side..</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial size=2>rfc#2716 does not 
mention about sending ssl/tls close_notify when ssl/tls authentication 
(handshake)&nbsp;is complete.. Openssl (and i assume other ssl/tls libraries) 
modifying a session to turn up into a bad one, since no close_notify is send.. 
</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial size=2>Question: do we send 
a close_notify alert in EAP_TLS after the tls handshake is complete ?? 
</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial 
size=2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>thanks</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=062173821-15012002><FONT face=Arial 
size=2>Aslam</FONT></SPAN></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.


	Title		: The EAP SecurID(r) Mechanism
	Author(s)	: S. Josefsson
	Filename	: draft-josefsson-eap-securid-00.txt
	Pages		: 10
	Date		: 16-Jan-02
	
This document describe a EAP mechanism based on SecurID.  SecurID is
a hardware token card product (or software emulation thereof)
produced by RSA Security, which is used for end-user authentication.
The SecurID EAP mechanism can be used to provide authentication in
protocols utilizing EAP, such as PPP, IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN and
possibly Bluetooth in the future.

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From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Sun Jan 20 02:43:19 2002
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Date: Sat, 19 Jan 2002 23:42:25 -0800 (PST)
From: mojtaba mahdavi <mahdavi110@yahoo.com>
Subject: PPP connectivity.
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Dear Sir's.

I read lots of txt books about PPP. But I could not
find my answer.

For a certain application I have to destroy some
frames that must be sent over a PPP link. 

Now my question is 
      
     Is PPP Connection orriented or not. In other word
if I destroy some PPP frames, is PPP able to retrieve
these packets again. 

     In my application destroyness ratio is very
small.

Regards.

Mojtaba Mahdavi.




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From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Sun Jan 20 13:18:32 2002
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From: David Woolley <david@djwhome.demon.co.uk>
Message-Id: <200201201652.g0KGq3014113@djwhome.demon.co.uk>
Subject: Re: PPP connectivity.
To: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
Date: Sun, 20 Jan 2002 16:52:03 +0000 (GMT)
In-Reply-To: <20020120074225.94846.qmail@web10708.mail.yahoo.com> from "mojtaba mahdavi" at Jan 19, 2002 11:42:25 PM
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> Now my question is 
>       
>      Is PPP Connection orriented or not. In other word

This reads like a homework question.  Before we try to answer
we need more specific information:

- to confirm that it isn't a homework question;
- to confirm that you don't need any deeper an understanding of
  the protocol;
- to give the right answer in the context of your requirement.


From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Tue Jan 22 12:55:02 2002
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From: mojtaba mahdavi <mahdavi110@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: PPP connectivity.
To: David Woolley <david@djwhome.demon.co.uk>, ietf-ppp@merit.edu
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Thanks to you as a teacher.

1- it was not a home work question, else I could cheat
instead of sending mail.
2- I dont need deeper undrestanding till I am working
on physical layer.
3- thanks to you. I got my answer from others answers.


Wishes. 

--- David Woolley <david@djwhome.demon.co.uk> wrote:
> > Now my question is 
> >       
> >      Is PPP Connection orriented or not. In other
> word
> 
> This reads like a homework question.  Before we try
> to answer
> we need more specific information:
> 
> - to confirm that it isn't a homework question;
> - to confirm that you don't need any deeper an
> understanding of
>   the protocol;
> - to give the right answer in the context of your
requirement.


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From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Tue Jan 22 20:28:09 2002
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http://www.ietf.org/ietf/IPR/LUCENT-SRP



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--NextPart

A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Point-to-Point Protocol Extensions Working Group of the IETF.

	Title		: Extending PPP over SONET/SDH, with virtual 
                          concatenation, high order and low order payloads
	Author(s)	: N. Jones, C. Murton
	Filename	: draft-ietf-pppext-posvcholo-06.txt
	Pages		: 8
	Date		: 23-Jan-02
	
The RFC 1661 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) [1] provides a standard
method for transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point
links. The RFC 1662 PPP in HDLC-like Framing [2] and RFC 2615 PPP
over SONET/SDH (POS) [3] documents describe the use of PPP over
Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) and Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy (SDH) circuits.

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From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Mon Jan 28 01:12:37 2002
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Date: Mon, 28 Jan 2002 01:11:25 -0500
To: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>,
        Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
From: Karl Fox <karlfox@columbus.rr.com>
Subject: IP Header Compression over PPP to Proposed Standard
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Thomas and Erik,

The PPPEXT Working Group recommends that IP Header Compression over PPP, 
draft-koren-pppext-rfc2509bis-00.txt, be advanced to Proposed Standard.




From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Mon Jan 28 13:37:49 2002
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To: Luca Salgarelli <salga@bell-labs.com>
Cc: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT 
In-Reply-To: Message from  "07 Jan 2002 17:57:08 EST." <1010444228.3109.5.camel@valjean> 
Date: Mon, 28 Jan 2002 13:36:34 -0500
From: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>
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Hi Luca:

> Hmmm, would you be able to shed more light on what is going to happen
> then? Judging from the number of EAP proposals, I think there is a clear
> need for a forum where to do standardization work on EAP.

Can you please clarify what constituency you represent here? I assume
it is IEEE from your draft. Right?

The reason I ask is that I understand that both IEEE and 3GPP have
expressed a need for the IETF to continue working on EAP.  IEEE 802.11
(Tgi) is in the process of drafting a letter to the IETF that
describes what it actually wants the IETF to do (it is not immediately
clear to some of us). I.e., pick one and standardize it?  Standardize
them all? Do a security review of them?  Etc. This was a topic at last
week's IEEE meeting.

3GPP is in somewhat the same boat, in that they have expressed a need
for the IETF to progress an EAP draft (i.e,
draft-arkko-pppext-eap-aka-01.txt). But some private conversations
that are going on between the IETF and 3GPP have raised the
possibility that a better approach may be acceptable, one that doesn't
rely on EAP. So the need from 3GPP is unclear at present.

Other than IEEE and 3GPP, what other constituencies have a need for
review of new EAP methods?

Thomas



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From: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
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Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
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Thomas Narten wrote:

> 3GPP is in somewhat the same boat, in that they have expressed a need
> for the IETF to progress an EAP draft (i.e,
> draft-arkko-pppext-eap-aka-01.txt). But some private conversations
> that are going on between the IETF and 3GPP have raised the
> possibility that a better approach may be acceptable, one that doesn't
> rely on EAP. So the need from 3GPP is unclear at present.

The better approach vs. EAP affects a particular application.
Regardless of the final solution for that one application,
the EAP AKA and propably also EAP GSM drafts are still relevant
for other contexts. EAP AKA would though no longer have 3GPP urgency
requirements, and both drafts would be mostly regular IETF
drafts backed by their vendors, in this case Ericsson and Nokia.
Vendors likely want to ship some products at some not-so-distant
future, so interoperable and standardized solutions would be nice!

In conclusion, I still would like to advance
draft-arkko-pppext-eap-aka-01.txt somehow.

>I.e., pick one and standardize it?  Standardize
>them all? Do a security review of them?  Etc. This was
> a topic at last week's IEEE meeting.

I think the right answer here is standardize them all,
but of course with some review and understanding to
verify their relevance, security, etc. I'm not sure
*all* proposals to date fulfill these requirements, but
definately more than one does.

Jari


From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Tue Jan 29 06:18:23 2002
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To: Jari Arkko <Jari.Arkko@lmf.ericsson.se>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
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What about creating a dedicated EAP WG?

Some work items for it:
- EAP methods (SIM, AKA, SRP...)
- EAP implementations (there's a rfc2284bis draft circulating, but also 
EAP/IP, EAP/ICMP (?), and I guess I will be sending EAP/UDP soon, and there 
might be some work needed for other media such as Bluetooth etc.)
- EAP extensions (I'm thinking of an "advice of cost" feature which would 
really need to be inserted in EAP to work)

Comments welcome,

Jacques.

At 12:00 29/01/2002, Jari Arkko wrote:
>Thomas Narten wrote:
>
> > 3GPP is in somewhat the same boat, in that they have expressed a need
> > for the IETF to progress an EAP draft (i.e,
> > draft-arkko-pppext-eap-aka-01.txt). But some private conversations
> > that are going on between the IETF and 3GPP have raised the
> > possibility that a better approach may be acceptable, one that doesn't
> > rely on EAP. So the need from 3GPP is unclear at present.
>
>The better approach vs. EAP affects a particular application.
>Regardless of the final solution for that one application,
>the EAP AKA and propably also EAP GSM drafts are still relevant
>for other contexts. EAP AKA would though no longer have 3GPP urgency
>requirements, and both drafts would be mostly regular IETF
>drafts backed by their vendors, in this case Ericsson and Nokia.
>Vendors likely want to ship some products at some not-so-distant
>future, so interoperable and standardized solutions would be nice!
>
>In conclusion, I still would like to advance
>draft-arkko-pppext-eap-aka-01.txt somehow.
>
> >I.e., pick one and standardize it?  Standardize
> >them all? Do a security review of them?  Etc. This was
> > a topic at last week's IEEE meeting.
>
>I think the right answer here is standardize them all,
>but of course with some review and understanding to
>verify their relevance, security, etc. I'm not sure
>*all* proposals to date fulfill these requirements, but
>definately more than one does.
>
>Jari


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From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Tue Jan 29 09:07:38 2002
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Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
From: Luca Salgarelli <salga@bell-labs.com>
To: Thomas Narten <narten@us.ibm.com>
Cc: ietf-ppp@merit.edu
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Hello Thomas.

> > Hmmm, would you be able to shed more light on what is going to happen
> > then? Judging from the number of EAP proposals, I think there is a clear
> > need for a forum where to do standardization work on EAP.
> 
> Can you please clarify what constituency you represent here? I assume
> it is IEEE from your draft. Right?

No, I am not representing the IEEE in any way.

> The reason I ask is that I understand that both IEEE and 3GPP have
> expressed a need for the IETF to continue working on EAP.  IEEE 802.11
> (Tgi) is in the process of drafting a letter to the IETF that
> describes what it actually wants the IETF to do (it is not immediately
> clear to some of us). I.e., pick one and standardize it?  Standardize
> them all? Do a security review of them?  Etc. This was a topic at last
> week's IEEE meeting.

Although I do not participate personally to IEEE's Tgi, my understanding
was that the IEEE will not standardize EAP methods. 

Nevertheless, with the rapid introduction of wireless services, it seems
that EAP will be one of the preferred base mechanisms that will be used
to perform authentication in IP wireless networks, particularly to
enable roaming. Given that EAP protocols are terminated between a client
and a AAA server, I would think that the IETF is the right forum to do
standardization on EAP protocols.

Judging from the number of EAP proposals that were submitted lately to
PPPEXT, it also seems that several vendors, included the one I work for,
are interested in these kinds of approach to client authentication.

What is your, and the IETF, opinion on creating a dedicated EAP working
group? I also subscribe to most of Jacques' interpretation on the
contents of such working group, in particular about the work on EAP
methods and EAP implementations.

Thanks
Luca

> 
> 3GPP is in somewhat the same boat, in that they have expressed a need
> for the IETF to progress an EAP draft (i.e,
> draft-arkko-pppext-eap-aka-01.txt). But some private conversations
> that are going on between the IETF and 3GPP have raised the
> possibility that a better approach may be acceptable, one that doesn't
> rely on EAP. So the need from 3GPP is unclear at present.
> 
> Other than IEEE and 3GPP, what other constituencies have a need for
> review of new EAP methods?
> 
> Thomas




From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Tue Jan 29 11:10:30 2002
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> I'm not sure *all* proposals to date fulfill these requirements, but
> definately more than one does.

What are "these requirements"? Are you just talking about support for
AKA/GSM? Or are there other requirements, too?



From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Tue Jan 29 18:42:43 2002
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Date: Tue, 29 Jan 2002 23:25:35 +0100 (CET)
From: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
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Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
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> What about creating a dedicated EAP WG?

The key question is to determine both what type of deliverables
such a WG would have and also whether or not it will do security work
(defining new schemes for authentication as opposed to defining how to
encapsulate existing authentication schemes in EAP).

> Some work items for it:
> - EAP methods (SIM, AKA, SRP...)

Would the intent be to document any EAP method after some review?
Standardize any proposed EAP method after review?
Or have requirements specifications for specific problems that need
to be solved, e.g. for 802.11 and/or 3GPP, and then find and standardize
one or a few methods.

> - EAP implementations (there's a rfc2284bis draft circulating, but also 
> EAP/IP, EAP/ICMP (?), and I guess I will be sending EAP/UDP soon, and there 
> might be some work needed for other media such as Bluetooth etc.)

Carrying EAP over foo might be better done in the foo working group.

> - EAP extensions (I'm thinking of an "advice of cost" feature which would 
> really need to be inserted in EAP to work)

To what extent is "cost" an attribute of authentication?

There is also draft-aboba-pppext-key-problem-00.txt which might be a
worth-while problem to address.

   Erik



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This draft (and the protocol it describes) are so broken in so many ways
that I have despaired of including all mycomments in a single message.
Therefore, I have decided to comment on each section in a seperate message;
I apologize in advance for the mailbox clutter this may cause uninterested
parties...

~gwz

Glen Zorn
CTO Consulting Engineer
Security and Integrity Group
Consulting Engineering
Cisco Systems

PGP Key Fingerprint: 4F41 B93A 007D E2FC 9769  FB97 FBCF 7DA4 9A2D 1963



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Subject: Comments on draft-ietf-pppext-eap-ttls-00.txt (Abstract)
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Abstract
--------
The draft says: "The secure connection established by the handshake may then
be used to allow the server to authenticate the client using existing,
widely-deployed authentication infrastructures such as RADIUS.", implying to
me that EAP is not supported by RADIUS, patently false.

~gwz

Glen Zorn
CTO Consulting Engineer
Security and Integrity Group
Consulting Engineering
Cisco Systems

PGP Key Fingerprint: 4F41 B93A 007D E2FC 9769  FB97 FBCF 7DA4 9A2D 1963



From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Wed Jan 30 05:08:45 2002
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Cc: "Paul Funk" <paul@funk.com>,
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Subject: Comments on draft-ietf-pppext-eap-ttls-00.txt (Section 2)
Date: Wed, 30 Jan 2002 02:07:59 -0800
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Section 2
---------
Paragraph 3 says: "Users have also been willing to entrust their passwords
to their service providers, or at least to allow their service providers to
view challenges and hashed responses which are then forwarded to their home
authentication servers using, for example, proxy RADIUS, without fear that
the service provider will mount dictionary attacks on the observed
credentials."  This statement is highly questiaonable: at least some people
have been very leery of that trust, one of the reasons that RADIUS doesn't
meet the criteria in RFC 2477.
"Because a user typically has a relationship with a single service provider,
such trust is entirely manageable."  This passage leads me to believe that
the authors are ignoring the general case of Internet roaming in favor of a
very limited corporate dial outsource model.  In fact, they seem to think
that brokers don't exist (or maybe it's just more convenient to ignore their
existence, since EAP-TTLS is basically useless in that enviroment).

Paragraph 5 says: "Wireless connections...may enable channel hijacking, in
which an attacker gains fraudulent access by seizing control of the
communications channel after authentication is complete."  True, but
irrelevant, since EAP-TTLS by itself does nothing to ameliorate this threat.

Paragraph 8 says: "In a wireless network, however, the user does not get to
choose an access domain, and must connect with whichever access point is
nearby;..."  It is not clear what is meant here by "wireless network", but
both 802.11 WLANs (through the SSID) and GSM cellular networks allow the
user to choose a provider in a roaming situation. Although the SSID doesn't
provide authentication of the SPs, it does at least allow the user to
distinguish between them; the user is not quite the weed blowing in the wind
that this passage suggests.  The passage contiues: "...providing for the
routing of the authentication from an arbitrary access point to the user's
home domain may pose a challenge."  This is certainly true, but the authors
neglect to mention that it is a challenge that has been overcome, both by
cellular operators and Internet roaming brokers such as iPass.

Paragraph 14 says: "The authentication mechanism must support roaming among
small access domains with which the user has no relationship and which will
have limited capabilities for routing authentication requests."  Yet another
red herring: while the user may not have a pre-established relationship with
the "small access domains" (what does size have to do with it, anyway?), the
"access domain" must have a relationship (either direct or brokered) with
the user's home domain or roaming is impossible anyway.  Therefore, any
limitations on the routing capabilities of the local domain are irrelevant:
either thelocal domain can route to the user's home or not.

~gwz

Glen Zorn
CTO Consulting Engineer
Security and Integrity Group
Consulting Engineering
Cisco Systems

PGP Key Fingerprint: 4F41 B93A 007D E2FC 9769  FB97 FBCF 7DA4 9A2D 1963



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Subject: Comments on draft-ietf-pppext-eap-ttls-00.txt (Section 3)
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Section 3
---------
The definition of "service provider" says "An organization with which a user
has a business relationship, that provides network or other services. The
service provider may provide the access equipment with which the user
connects, may perform authentication or other AAA functions, may proxy AAA
transactions to the user's home domain, etc." but there is no need for a
user to have any business relationship with an entity for that enity to be a
service provider (esp. in an Internet roaming situation).

~gwz

Glen Zorn
CTO Consulting Engineer
Security and Integrity Group
Consulting Engineering
Cisco Systems

PGP Key Fingerprint: 4F41 B93A 007D E2FC 9769  FB97 FBCF 7DA4 9A2D 1963



From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Wed Jan 30 07:55:40 2002
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From: Paul Funk <paul@funk.com>
Subject: Re: Comments on draft-ietf-pppext-eap-ttls-00.txt
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Glen,

There's nothing of substance in your several emails, and I'm surprised by 
your tone, which I did my best to reciprocate.

Nowhere do you even discuss the EAP-TTLS protocol. Your comments are 
limited to the draft's prefatory material, definitions, etc. Not that I'm 
encouraging you to plod on further.

My responses are inline.

Paul


At 02:07 AM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
>This draft (and the protocol it describes) are so broken in so many ways
>that I have despaired of including all mycomments in a single message.
>Therefore, I have decided to comment on each section in a seperate message;
>I apologize in advance for the mailbox clutter this may cause uninterested
>parties...

Well, to help reduce the clutter, I've collected your separate messages in a 
single response. Only one of them was long, made up mostly of quotes from 
the TTLS draft; the three others were about the size of fortune cookies. For 
you to suggest that there are great number of flaws requiring a great
volume of 
response is disingenous, considering that your carping manages to avoid 
all discussion of the protocol itself.


At 02:07 AM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
>Abstract
>--------
>The draft says: "The secure connection established by the handshake may then
>be used to allow the server to authenticate the client using existing,
>widely-deployed authentication infrastructures such as RADIUS.", implying to
>me that EAP is not supported by RADIUS, patently false.
>

Where in the above quote is EAP even mentioned? In what sense does 
the inference you take -- that the TTLS draft suggests that EAP is not 
supported by RADIUS -- even relevant to your assertion that the protocol is 
broken?

TTLS supports EAP, and it also supports PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP, and 
MS-CHAP-V2. I think that makes it highly compatible with existing, 
widely-deployed authentication infrastructures such as RADIUS.

Perhaps you think the above quote is a sly criticism of your PEAP draft, 
which supports only EAP. I assure you it is not; why, the PEAP draft didn't 
even come out for months after the TTLS draft was published.

The point of supporting protocols other than EAP is that they are out 
there and heavily used. EAP is not exactly a hoary protocol that everyone 
has by now adopted, in deference to the wisdom of the IETF groups that 
like to deprecate things that have gained popularity. A small fraction of the 
extant RADIUS servers actually use EAP; everybody uses the legacy 
protocols, so why not support them? Through tunneling, TTLS makes even 
PAP secure.

At 02:07 AM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
>Section 2
>---------
>Paragraph 3 says: "Users have also been willing to entrust their passwords
>to their service providers, or at least to allow their service providers to
>view challenges and hashed responses which are then forwarded to their home
>authentication servers using, for example, proxy RADIUS, without fear that
>the service provider will mount dictionary attacks on the observed
>credentials."  This statement is highly questiaonable: at least some people
>have been very leery of that trust, one of the reasons that RADIUS doesn't
>meet the criteria in RFC 2477.

If you're leery of trusting that a service provider won't mount a dictionary 
attack against your password, you shouldn't sign up with that service 
provider.

But when you do, at least you know who you are implicitly trusting. The 
point is that you shouldn't have to trust the guy sitting next to you in 
your local coffee shop cum access domain, or the barrista who knows 
how to run Ethereal on the coffee shop's LAN.

The statement you take exception to is hardly controversial, and still 
we haven't gotten to the protocol issues.


>"Because a user typically has a relationship with a single service provider,
>such trust is entirely manageable."  This passage leads me to believe that
>the authors are ignoring the general case of Internet roaming in favor of a
>very limited corporate dial outsource model.  In fact, they seem to think
>that brokers don't exist (or maybe it's just more convenient to ignore their
>existence, since EAP-TTLS is basically useless in that enviroment).

No, no, no. This is entirely about roaming. And TTLS is an ideal protocol 
for brokers, because the broker can act as a single point of trust for 
a user. In fact, it allows new brokerage models to come into being, in 
which the user, not the ISP, chooses the trusted broker.

>
>Paragraph 5 says: "Wireless connections...may enable channel hijacking, in
>which an attacker gains fraudulent access by seizing control of the
>communications channel after authentication is complete."  True, but
>irrelevant, since EAP-TTLS by itself does nothing to ameliorate this threat.

Of course TTLS mitigates the threat. 

It's not rocket science. TTLS is a protocol that results in keys that are 
shared between client and access point. These keys are securely based 
on the authentication that precedes their use. So an attacker can't jump 
into the middle of the session. EAP-TTLS does that, EAP-TLS does that, 
EAP-PEAP does that. The point of the paragraph is to set down the 
requirements that are salient in wireless networking.

>
>Paragraph 8 says: "In a wireless network, however, the user does not get to
>choose an access domain, and must connect with whichever access point is
>nearby;..."  It is not clear what is meant here by "wireless network", but
>both 802.11 WLANs (through the SSID) and GSM cellular networks allow the
>user to choose a provider in a roaming situation. Although the SSID doesn't
>provide authentication of the SPs, it does at least allow the user to
>distinguish between them; the user is not quite the weed blowing in the wind
>that this passage suggests.  The passage contiues: "...providing for the
>routing of the authentication from an arbitrary access point to the user's
>home domain may pose a challenge."  This is certainly true, but the authors
>neglect to mention that it is a challenge that has been overcome, both by
>cellular operators and Internet roaming brokers such as iPass.

The concept is that in 802.11 you don't get to dial a number, you simply 
connect to the ambient network at whatever hot spot you're at. In the dial-up 
case there are n providers, and you choose which of the n by dialing. In the 
802.11 case, there are n providers and m access points, and you don't get to 
choose which of the m. So you need a way to tell the access point which 
provider to proxy to, plus, you may have to tell the provider which home
domain to 
proxy to. That's why it's a challenge.

If you think the way to do this routing is to have the access domains provide 
a separate SSID for each provider, you should propose that. I'm sure people 
will find that approach interesting. It reminds me of a Popular Electronics 
article I once read, "Flip-Flop Doubles as Multivibrator".

The cellular operators are not comparable to the 802.11 network operators. 
The cellular operators run their networks all the way to the user. The 802.11 
network providers will rely on separately managed access domains that 
are run by hotels, airports, coffee shops, beauty parlors, and strip malls, 
any of whom might deal with multiple network providers. 

Yes, the Internet roaming brokers can do roaming, but 802.11 is a 
different problem domain and those solutions will be found wanting.


>
>Paragraph 14 says: "The authentication mechanism must support roaming among
>small access domains with which the user has no relationship and which will
>have limited capabilities for routing authentication requests."  Yet another
>red herring: while the user may not have a pre-established relationship with
>the "small access domains" (what does size have to do with it, anyway?), the
>"access domain" must have a relationship (either direct or brokered) with
>the user's home domain or roaming is impossible anyway.  Therefore, any
>limitations on the routing capabilities of the local domain are irrelevant:
>either thelocal domain can route to the user's home or not.
>

Not a red herring at all. In fact, TTLS's solution to the routing issues has 
more in common with a salmon's ability to swim upstream to its spawning 
ground.

How can limitations on the routability of the first hop of an authentication 
request be irrelevant?

Yes, either the routing is possible or not. The advantage of TTLS is that 
it makes that first hop more likely to be routed in a manner that results in 
the user being provided service. It accomplishes this by reducing the 
configuration requirements at the access domain down to typing in the 
addresses of a relatively small number of brokers. And the user gets to 
specify which broker -- this makes it routable.

If the broker is a TTLS agent, it can then untunnel the user's credentials 
and forward them to the home network based on the inner, encrypted 
NAI. So the user doesn't have to reveal his or her identity anywhere on 
the network leading up to the trusted broker.


At 02:08 AM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
>Section 3
>---------
>The definition of "service provider" says "An organization with which a user
>has a business relationship, that provides network or other services. The
>service provider may provide the access equipment with which the user
>connects, may perform authentication or other AAA functions, may proxy AAA
>transactions to the user's home domain, etc." but there is no need for a
>user to have any business relationship with an entity for that enity to be a
>service provider (esp. in an Internet roaming situation).
>

Service providers with whom no one has a business relationship have thrived 
in the past, but I think most of them are out of business now.

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



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Reply-To: <gwz@cisco.com>
From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
To: "Paul Funk" <paul@funk.com>, "pppext" <ietf-ppp@merit.edu>
Cc: "Sblakewilson@Certicom. Com" <sblakewilson@certicom.com>
Subject: RE: Comments on draft-ietf-pppext-eap-ttls-00.txt
Date: Wed, 30 Jan 2002 07:27:08 -0800
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Paul Funk [mailto:paul@funk.com] writes:

> Glen,
>
> There's nothing of substance in your several emails, and I'm surprised by
> your tone, which I did my best to reciprocate.
>
> Nowhere do you even discuss the EAP-TTLS protocol.

I haven't got there yet.  As I mentioned in my initial message, there's just
too much broken stuff to cover in a single message.

> Your comments are
> limited to the draft's prefatory material, definitions, etc.

Hmm.  So the requirements and definitions are not substantive to the
protocol?  I would imagine just the opposite, that the protocol would arise
from and be based upon actual requirements which are at least not
self-contradictory.

> Not that I'm
> encouraging you to plod on further.
>
> My responses are inline.
>
> Paul
>
>
> At 02:07 AM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
> >This draft (and the protocol it describes) are so broken in so many ways
> >that I have despaired of including all mycomments in a single message.
> >Therefore, I have decided to comment on each section in a
> seperate message;
> >I apologize in advance for the mailbox clutter this may cause
> uninterested
> >parties...
>
> Well, to help reduce the clutter, I've collected your separate
> messages in a
> single response. Only one of them was long, made up mostly of quotes from
> the TTLS draft; the three others were about the size of fortune
> cookies. For
> you to suggest that there are great number of flaws requiring a great
> volume of
> response is disingenous, considering that your carping manages to avoid
> all discussion of the protocol itself.

If you note, I've only finished section 3, page 7 of 38.  In fact, it took a
long time to decide how to approach this task: broken trust model first, or
violation of referenced RFCs, or...you see my problem.  At last, I decided
to begin at the beginning, running the risk of mixing relatively small
problems with the larger ones.

>
>
> At 02:07 AM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
> >Abstract
> >--------
> >The draft says: "The secure connection established by the
> handshake may then
> >be used to allow the server to authenticate the client using existing,
> >widely-deployed authentication infrastructures such as RADIUS.",
> implying to
> >me that EAP is not supported by RADIUS, patently false.
> >
>
> Where in the above quote is EAP even mentioned? In what sense does
> the inference you take -- that the TTLS draft suggests that EAP is not
> supported by RADIUS -- even relevant to your assertion that the
> protocol is
> broken?
>
> TTLS supports EAP, and it also supports PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP, and
> MS-CHAP-V2. I think that makes it highly compatible with existing,
> widely-deployed authentication infrastructures such as RADIUS.

EAP itself is compatible with RADIUS.  Why bring RADIUS compatibility up as
if it was some special feature of TTLS?

...

> The point of supporting protocols other than EAP is that they are out
> there and heavily used. EAP is not exactly a hoary protocol that everyone
> has by now adopted, in deference to the wisdom of the IETF groups that
> like to deprecate things that have gained popularity. A small
> fraction of the
> extant RADIUS servers actually use EAP; everybody uses the legacy
> protocols, so why not support them? Through tunneling, TTLS makes even
> PAP secure.

By some definition of "secure", I'm sure it does.

>
> At 02:07 AM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
> >Section 2
> >---------
> >Paragraph 3 says: "Users have also been willing to entrust their
> passwords
> >to their service providers, or at least to allow their service
> providers to
> >view challenges and hashed responses which are then forwarded to
> their home
> >authentication servers using, for example, proxy RADIUS, without
> fear that
> >the service provider will mount dictionary attacks on the observed
> >credentials."  This statement is highly questiaonable: at least
> some people
> >have been very leery of that trust, one of the reasons that
> RADIUS doesn't
> >meet the criteria in RFC 2477.
>
> If you're leery of trusting that a service provider won't mount a
> dictionary
> attack against your password, you shouldn't sign up with that service
> provider.

Speaking of disingenuous, certainly you are aware that RFC 2477 deals with
roaming and that in the roaming case, I will _not_ have "signed up" with
that SP, not to mention the fact that SPs employ human beings: even if I
trust the corporate entity, why should I trust every perso who works for
them?

>
> But when you do, at least you know who you are implicitly trusting. The
> point is that you shouldn't have to trust the guy sitting next to you in
> your local coffee shop cum access domain, or the barrista who knows
> how to run Ethereal on the coffee shop's LAN.
>
> The statement you take exception to is hardly controversial, and still
> we haven't gotten to the protocol issues.
>
>
> >"Because a user typically has a relationship with a single
> service provider,
> >such trust is entirely manageable."  This passage leads me to
> believe that
> >the authors are ignoring the general case of Internet roaming in
> favor of a
> >very limited corporate dial outsource model.  In fact, they seem to think
> >that brokers don't exist (or maybe it's just more convenient to
> ignore their
> >existence, since EAP-TTLS is basically useless in that enviroment).
>
> No, no, no. This is entirely about roaming. And TTLS is an ideal protocol
> for brokers, because the broker can act as a single point of trust for
> a user. In fact, it allows new brokerage models to come into being, in
> which the user, not the ISP, chooses the trusted broker.

There is nothing new in this, it's been done for years, but...we'll get to
the trust model later...

>
> >
> >Paragraph 5 says: "Wireless connections...may enable channel
> hijacking, in
> >which an attacker gains fraudulent access by seizing control of the
> >communications channel after authentication is complete."  True, but
> >irrelevant, since EAP-TTLS by itself does nothing to ameliorate
> this threat.
>
> Of course TTLS mitigates the threat.

What mitigates the threat is cryptographic authentication of packets.  Does
TTLS do that?  No.

>
> It's not rocket science. TTLS is a protocol that results in keys that are
> shared between client and access point. These keys are securely based
> on the authentication that precedes their use. So an attacker can't jump
> into the middle of the session. EAP-TTLS does that, EAP-TLS does that,
> EAP-PEAP does that.

So does EAP-SRP.  Keys can come from thin air, it doesn't matter; what
matters is how they are used.

> The point of the paragraph is to set down the
> requirements that are salient in wireless networking.
>
> >
> >Paragraph 8 says: "In a wireless network, however, the user does
> not get to
> >choose an access domain, and must connect with whichever access point is
> >nearby;..."  It is not clear what is meant here by "wireless
> network", but
> >both 802.11 WLANs (through the SSID) and GSM cellular networks allow the
> >user to choose a provider in a roaming situation. Although the
> SSID doesn't
> >provide authentication of the SPs, it does at least allow the user to
> >distinguish between them; the user is not quite the weed blowing
> in the wind
> >that this passage suggests.  The passage contiues: "...providing for the
> >routing of the authentication from an arbitrary access point to
> the user's
> >home domain may pose a challenge."  This is certainly true, but
> the authors
> >neglect to mention that it is a challenge that has been overcome, both by
> >cellular operators and Internet roaming brokers such as iPass.
>
> The concept is that in 802.11 you don't get to dial a number, you simply
> connect to the ambient network at whatever hot spot you're at. In
> the dial-up
> case there are n providers, and you choose which of the n by
> dialing. In the
> 802.11 case, there are n providers and m access points, and you
> don't get to
> choose which of the m. So you need a way to tell the access point which
> provider to proxy to, plus, you may have to tell the provider which home
> domain to
> proxy to. That's why it's a challenge.

From your explanation above, it sounds like you expect m < n.  Is that
correct?

>
> If you think the way to do this routing is to have the access
> domains provide
> a separate SSID for each provider, you should propose that. I'm
> sure people
> will find that approach interesting. It reminds me of a Popular
> Electronics
> article I once read, "Flip-Flop Doubles as Multivibrator".

As I'm sure you're aware, that is the approach widely taken right now, as
well as basically the same approach taken in GSM roaming.

>
> The cellular operators are not comparable to the 802.11 network
> operators.
> The cellular operators run their networks all the way to the
> user.

Right now, if I was to receive or make a call on my cell, I would be using
the AIS network.  I have absolutely no business relationship with AIS.  My
cellular operator (Nextel) is _not_ 'running his network all the way to me'
by any means.

> The 802.11
> network providers will rely on separately managed access domains that
> are run by hotels, airports, coffee shops, beauty parlors, and
> strip malls,
> any of whom might deal with multiple network providers.

I wonder how many beuty parlors will be able to afford on-going relationship
with multiple SPs and how many airports will want to bother?

>
> Yes, the Internet roaming brokers can do roaming, but 802.11 is a
> different problem domain and those solutions will be found wanting.
>
>
> >
> >Paragraph 14 says: "The authentication mechanism must support
> roaming among
> >small access domains with which the user has no relationship and
> which will
> >have limited capabilities for routing authentication requests."
> Yet another
> >red herring: while the user may not have a pre-established
> relationship with
> >the "small access domains" (what does size have to do with it,
> anyway?), the
> >"access domain" must have a relationship (either direct or brokered) with
> >the user's home domain or roaming is impossible anyway.  Therefore, any
> >limitations on the routing capabilities of the local domain are
> irrelevant:
> >either thelocal domain can route to the user's home or not.
> >
>
> Not a red herring at all. In fact, TTLS's solution to the routing
> issues has
> more in common with a salmon's ability to swim upstream to its spawning
> ground.
>
> How can limitations on the routability of the first hop of an
> authentication
> request be irrelevant?
>
> Yes, either the routing is possible or not. The advantage of TTLS is that
> it makes that first hop more likely to be routed in a manner that
> results in
> the user being provided service. It accomplishes this by reducing the
> configuration requirements at the access domain down to typing in the
> addresses of a relatively small number of brokers. And the user gets to
> specify which broker -- this makes it routable.
>
> If the broker is a TTLS agent, it can then untunnel the user's
> credentials
> and forward them to the home network based on the inner, encrypted
> NAI. So the user doesn't have to reveal his or her identity anywhere on
> the network leading up to the trusted broker.
>
>
> At 02:08 AM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
> >Section 3
> >---------
> >The definition of "service provider" says "An organization with
> which a user
> >has a business relationship, that provides network or other services. The
> >service provider may provide the access equipment with which the user
> >connects, may perform authentication or other AAA functions, may
> proxy AAA
> >transactions to the user's home domain, etc." but there is no need for a
> >user to have any business relationship with an entity for that
> enity to be a
> >service provider (esp. in an Internet roaming situation).
> >
>
> Service providers with whom no one has a business relationship
> have thrived
> in the past, but I think most of them are out of business now.
>
> Paul Funk
> Funk Software, Inc.
> 617 497-6339
> paul@funk.com
>
>



From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Wed Jan 30 11:50:11 2002
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	Dear Sirs,
	RFC2509 specifies that with the RTP-Compression Sub option it is
possible to:
"Enable use of Protocol Identifiers COMPRESSED_RTP, COMPRESSED_UDP and
CONTEXT_STATE as specified in [CRTP]."

	Does this mean that without it is impossible to use TCP
CONTEXT_STATE over PPP links without negotiating the RTP-Compression Sub
option ?

	Is this a feature or a bug?

	Thanks in advance,

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Daniel Feldman
System Architecture Team Leader, IC4IC Ltd.
office: +972(4)959-4644 ext. 121
mobile: +972(55)99-0299
fax:    +972(4)959-4944
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~



From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Wed Jan 30 18:02:04 2002
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Date: Wed, 30 Jan 2002 23:35:48 +0100
To: Erik Nordmark <Erik.Nordmark@eng.sun.com>
From: Jacques Caron <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
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At 23:25 29/01/2002, Erik Nordmark wrote:
> > What about creating a dedicated EAP WG?
>
>The key question is to determine both what type of deliverables
>such a WG would have

First of all, I have to admit I am not familiar with the whole organization 
of IETF working groups, and all the formal requirements that go with them, 
which might explain my naïve idea that a simple "EAP WG" would be a cool 
thing :-)

>and also whether or not it will do security work
>(defining new schemes for authentication as opposed to defining how to
>encapsulate existing authentication schemes in EAP).

I think there is a need for a place for both. Don't know if that would fit 
in a single WG or several, though, but if the goal is to move things away 
from pppext since it really grew out of the PPP context, I guess one WG 
that would do "all EAP-related-stuff" would be better than nothing (or 
statu quo).

> > Some work items for it:
> > - EAP methods (SIM, AKA, SRP...)
>
>Would the intent be to document any EAP method after some review?
>Standardize any proposed EAP method after review?

I guess there is a need to at least have some review. Lots of drafts are 
floating out there as "orphans". Some are definitely good and/or needed. 
Others I don't know, but I guess they need to be evaluated.

>Or have requirements specifications for specific problems that need
>to be solved, e.g. for 802.11 and/or 3GPP, and then find and standardize
>one or a few methods.

I was thinking a while back about creating a WG dedicated to public WLAN 
roaming (probably still a good idea), which would indeed define some 
requirements for new standards, among which some EAP-related work, but I 
think some drafts (e.g. EAP SRP, SIM or AKA) are quite evidently needed 
even outside this context (and go way beyond it).

> > - EAP implementations (there's a rfc2284bis draft circulating, but also
> > EAP/IP, EAP/ICMP (?), and I guess I will be sending EAP/UDP soon, and 
> there
> > might be some work needed for other media such as Bluetooth etc.)
>
>Carrying EAP over foo might be better done in the foo working group.

Are there IP and ICMP working groups? :-) Some EAP encapsulations might 
just be generic enough to not fit within any other working group. But I 
still have to read all the PANA stuff which might render those redundant :-/

> > - EAP extensions (I'm thinking of an "advice of cost" feature which would
> > really need to be inserted in EAP to work)
>
>To what extent is "cost" an attribute of authentication?

It's indeed not an attribute of authentication, but a few things make me 
believe that it might be necessary to integrate it into EAP, for the 
following reasons:
- authentication is just one of the steps of a larger "bring up 
connectivity" process, which also includes authorization, accounting, and 
may indeed include "advice of cost" at an early stage
- cost may be based on the specific user being authenticated (based on the 
relationship between the foreign and home network, the rate plan the user 
subscribed to....).
- so, it needs to be after at least some information about the user is 
communicated (NAI to route it to its home auth server)
- actually preferably after the user is fully authenticated so this 
information is somewhat protected, or even encrypted if the auth allows 
generation of session keys
- EAP is the only end-to-end flow of information at the moment (between the 
user and its home authentication server)
- also, it is necessary that the user be able to actually refuse to start 
the communication if it does not accept the cost, i.e. before L2/L3 
connectivity is actually established (this by itself might cause the 
billing to start)

There are quite a bit of practical (read: backward compatibility) issues 
with this, which might require that this actually happen within an EAP 
method rather than in a generic fashion in EAP, but this is an altogether 
different topic...

Jacques.


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From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
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Paul Funk [mailto:paul@funk.com] writes:

...

>
> No, no, no. This is entirely about roaming. And TTLS is an ideal protocol
> for brokers, because the broker can act as a single point of trust for
> a user. In fact, it allows new brokerage models to come into being, in
> which the user, not the ISP, chooses the trusted broker.

...

> The concept is that in 802.11 you don't get to dial a number, you simply
> connect to the ambient network at whatever hot spot you're at. In
> the dial-up
> case there are n providers, and you choose which of the n by
> dialing. In the
> 802.11 case, there are n providers and m access points, and you
> don't get to
> choose which of the m. So you need a way to tell the access point which
> provider to proxy to, plus, you may have to tell the provider which home
> domain to
> proxy to. That's why it's a challenge.
>
> If you think the way to do this routing is to have the access
> domains provide
> a separate SSID for each provider, you should propose that. I'm
> sure people
> will find that approach interesting. It reminds me of a Popular
> Electronics
> article I once read, "Flip-Flop Doubles as Multivibrator".
>
> The cellular operators are not comparable to the 802.11 network
> operators.
> The cellular operators run their networks all the way to the
> user. The 802.11
> network providers will rely on separately managed access domains that
> are run by hotels, airports, coffee shops, beauty parlors, and
> strip malls,
> any of whom might deal with multiple network providers.
>
> Yes, the Internet roaming brokers can do roaming, but 802.11 is a
> different problem domain and those solutions will be found wanting.

Re-reading this, it seems that you have a specific (if not unique) model of
network access and Internet roaming in mind; further, it appears that this
model is a) different from the classic model of Internet roaming developed
in the IETF and b) heavily dependent upon the concept of an "access domain".
If that's true, it would be _very_ helpful if you would make the model more
explicit, or at least define the term "access domain" (I can find that term
only once in the draft & not at all in the Terminology section.

~gwz

Glen Zorn
CTO Consulting Engineer
Security and Integrity Group
Consulting Engineering
Cisco Systems

PGP Key Fingerprint: 4F41 B93A 007D E2FC 9769  FB97 FBCF 7DA4 9A2D 1963



From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Thu Jan 31 01:28:57 2002
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From: "Glen Zorn" <gwz@cisco.com>
To: "Jacques Caron" <jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com>,
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Subject: RE: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
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Jacques Caron [mailto:jacques_m_caron@yahoo.com] writes:

...

>
> > > Some work items for it:
> > > - EAP methods (SIM, AKA, SRP...)
> >
> >Would the intent be to document any EAP method after some review?
> >Standardize any proposed EAP method after review?
>
> I guess there is a need to at least have some review. Lots of drafts are
> floating out there as "orphans". Some are definitely good and/or needed.
> Others I don't know, but I guess they need to be evaluated.
>
> >Or have requirements specifications for specific problems that need
> >to be solved, e.g. for 802.11 and/or 3GPP, and then find and standardize
> >one or a few methods.

I would think that a better approach would be to let the other groups tell
_us_ what they need -- otherwise there is the very real danger of starting
another PANA, redefining (or defining out of existence (?!)) the work of
those groups because the IETF has a better idea.

>
> I was thinking a while back about creating a WG dedicated to public WLAN
> roaming (probably still a good idea),

Not a bad idea at all -- too bad the roamops WG was killed before its time
;-)

...



From owner-ietf-ppp@merit.edu  Thu Jan 31 01:57:47 2002
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Glen,

By "access domain", I mean the network to which the user connects, 
i.e., that provides primary access to the network. This would be a hot 
spot in a hotel, airport, etc. 

Section 4 of the TTLS draft has an architectural model of the logical 
relationships of various entities involved in a TTLS authentication.

There are four logical entities: the client, the access point, the 
TTLS AAA server, and the AAA/H (home) server. (Both the AAA's are 
normally RADIUS servers, but they could be Diameter, etc.)

I'll try to flesh out the roaming concept with reference to that architectural 
model. 

The access domain maintains access points that, typically, would 
feed a local "aggregating" RADIUS server. The aggregating server isn't 
shown in the architectural model because it doesn't do anything special 
from the protocol point of view; but in practice it will be deployed to 
allow more flexible configuration. The access points will have a single 
proxy target -- the aggregating RADIUS server, and that server can be 
configured to proxy to the TTLS AAA servers maintained by various 
brokers.

A broker, in this scenario, is an entity that terminates the TLS portion 
of the EAP-TTLS protocol, untunnels the embedded authentication, 
and forwards that authentication to the AAA/H.

The user would have a trust relationship with two entities: the home domain 
and the broker. Possibly they are the same entity; possibly the user's 
relationship with the broker is via the home domain (user's ISP or enterprise).
In any case, the user has set up his client machine to trust the broker 
once the broker has authenticated itself via its server certificate.

The broker and home domain have a trust relationship through a RADIUS 
shared secret.

The client provides two NAIs during authentication: a clear-text one and 
a secret one. The clear-text NAI appears in the EAP-Response/Identity 
initially sent to the access point. It would be of the form:

	anonymous@broker.net

In other words, the only information revealed is the name of the broker.

The secret NAI appears within the tunneled portion of the TTLS 
authentication, once TLS keys have been established. Depending on which 
tunneled authentication protocol is used, it can appear in User-Name or in 
EAP-Response/Identity. For example:

	gcondit@houseofreps.net

The local aggregating RADIUS server routes the authentication to the 
appropriate broker based on the realm in the clear-text NAI. 

The broker's TTLS AAA server performs the phase 1 TLS handshake with 
the client. When the handshake is over, phase 2 starts - the tunneled part. 
Now the client sends the secret NAI plus credentials via CHAP, MS-CHAP, 
EAP, etc. This credentials are invisible throughout the access domain and 
the network leading up to the broker. 

The broker untunnels the credentials, inspects the secret NAI, determines 
the home domain based on realm, and forwards the credentials to the AAA/H, 
which authenticates the client using whatever EAP or legacy protocol is being 
used. The broker acts as a gateway for the phase 2 authentication, protecting 
all the traffic between itself and the client, where it is most vulnerable
to attack.

So the idea is that you can have brokers who market their services to access 
domains, ISPs, enterprises, and individual users. The broker wants the 
access domain to support it by configuring its local aggregating server to 
proxy to it; a broker's ability to serve users is limited by the number of 
access domains that can proxy to it.

Users, enterprises and ISPs would choose a broker based on the broker's 
coverage at the access domains, and also based on whether they believe 
the broker can be trusted to handle their credentials. 

This roaming model is based on the idea that the broker doesn't only 
locate next hop domains and forward traffic; it also provides a gateway 
function that eliminates the need for home domains to deploy EAP-TTLS 
or any other new-fangled protocol, or to maintain a certificate infrastucture.
The broker outsources those functions; the home domain just does 
authentications against its existing database.

Other, more traditional, roaming models can also be used for scenarios 
in which they are useful. But the small access domain scenario seems 
to call for the kind of model described above. The fact that there are two 
NAIs allows both the routing from access domain to broker and from broker 
to home domain to be easily specified.

Paul


At 06:06 PM 1/30/02 -0800, Glen Zorn wrote:
>Paul Funk [mailto:paul@funk.com] writes:
>
>...
>
>>
>> No, no, no. This is entirely about roaming. And TTLS is an ideal protocol
>> for brokers, because the broker can act as a single point of trust for
>> a user. In fact, it allows new brokerage models to come into being, in
>> which the user, not the ISP, chooses the trusted broker.
>
>...
>
>> The concept is that in 802.11 you don't get to dial a number, you simply
>> connect to the ambient network at whatever hot spot you're at. In
>> the dial-up
>> case there are n providers, and you choose which of the n by
>> dialing. In the
>> 802.11 case, there are n providers and m access points, and you
>> don't get to
>> choose which of the m. So you need a way to tell the access point which
>> provider to proxy to, plus, you may have to tell the provider which home
>> domain to
>> proxy to. That's why it's a challenge.
>>
>> If you think the way to do this routing is to have the access
>> domains provide
>> a separate SSID for each provider, you should propose that. I'm
>> sure people
>> will find that approach interesting. It reminds me of a Popular
>> Electronics
>> article I once read, "Flip-Flop Doubles as Multivibrator".
>>
>> The cellular operators are not comparable to the 802.11 network
>> operators.
>> The cellular operators run their networks all the way to the
>> user. The 802.11
>> network providers will rely on separately managed access domains that
>> are run by hotels, airports, coffee shops, beauty parlors, and
>> strip malls,
>> any of whom might deal with multiple network providers.
>>
>> Yes, the Internet roaming brokers can do roaming, but 802.11 is a
>> different problem domain and those solutions will be found wanting.
>
>Re-reading this, it seems that you have a specific (if not unique) model of
>network access and Internet roaming in mind; further, it appears that this
>model is a) different from the classic model of Internet roaming developed
>in the IETF and b) heavily dependent upon the concept of an "access domain".
>If that's true, it would be _very_ helpful if you would make the model more
>explicit, or at least define the term "access domain" (I can find that term
>only once in the draft & not at all in the Terminology section.
>
>~gwz
>
>Glen Zorn
>CTO Consulting Engineer
>Security and Integrity Group
>Consulting Engineering
>Cisco Systems
>
>PGP Key Fingerprint: 4F41 B93A 007D E2FC 9769  FB97 FBCF 7DA4 9A2D 1963

Paul Funk
Funk Software, Inc.
617 497-6339
paul@funk.com



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Subject: Re: Personal drafts, e.g. eap-ske, and future of PPPEXT
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> I was thinking a while back about creating a WG dedicated to public WLAN 
> roaming (probably still a good idea), which would indeed define some 
> requirements for new standards, among which some EAP-related work, but I 
> think some drafts (e.g. EAP SRP, SIM or AKA) are quite evidently needed 
> even outside this context (and go way beyond it).

Such WGs don't tend to work well.
It isn't the "scenario" that is important, be it satelite communication,
IP over wireless, or public WLANs. When new forms of communication add
new attributes or change the value range for existing attributes it
makes sense to have a WG looking at the problem.

Thus TCP over long delay links with or without packet loss makes sense.
Also, header compression over lossy links.

And looking at security issues for the case when everybody on the same
LAN are not trusted as much as they are in a university or corporate
setting also makes sense.
But whether this LAN is built using 802.11 or IP over avian carriers
doesn't have any bearing on the problem statement.

> >Carrying EAP over foo might be better done in the foo working group.
> 
> Are there IP and ICMP working groups? :-) Some EAP encapsulations might 
> just be generic enough to not fit within any other working group. But I 
> still have to read all the PANA stuff which might render those redundant :-/

EAP over ICMP is a potential solution for PANA (even though the WG shouldn't
look at solutions right now).
Is EAP over IP the IPSRA PIC stuff or something else?

> It's indeed not an attribute of authentication, but a few things make me 
> believe that it might be necessary to integrate it into EAP, for the 
> following reasons:
> - authentication is just one of the steps of a larger "bring up 
> connectivity" process, which also includes authorization, accounting, and 
> may indeed include "advice of cost" at an early stage
> - cost may be based on the specific user being authenticated (based on the 
> relationship between the foreign and home network, the rate plan the user 
> subscribed to....).
> - so, it needs to be after at least some information about the user is 
> communicated (NAI to route it to its home auth server)
> - actually preferably after the user is fully authenticated so this 
> information is somewhat protected, or even encrypted if the auth allows 
> generation of session keys
> - EAP is the only end-to-end flow of information at the moment (between the 
> user and its home authentication server)
> - also, it is necessary that the user be able to actually refuse to start 
> the communication if it does not accept the cost, i.e. before L2/L3 
> connectivity is actually established (this by itself might cause the 
> billing to start)
> 
> There are quite a bit of practical (read: backward compatibility) issues 
> with this, which might require that this actually happen within an EAP 
> method rather than in a generic fashion in EAP, but this is an altogether 
> different topic...

There has been some discussion of the above on the PANA mailing list, thus
it makes sense reviewed that if you didn't already see it.

  Erik



