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Date: Sun, 08 Nov 2009 07:10:34 -0600
From: Linda Dunbar <ldunbar@huawei.com>
Subject: Should the "draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8" add the scheme to enforce BFD sessions traversing different alternative paths?
To: 'Dave Katz' <dkatz@juniper.net>, dward@cisco.com
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Dave and David, 

 

Hope you can help me to figure out the following issues with regard to
"draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8":

 

*	Multiple BFD sessions between one pair of system was mentioned
several times in the document. Is the purpose of having multiple BFD
sessions between the same pair for traversing different alternative routes
between the same pair? If yes, the document didn't say how to enforce it.
Even the different Destination/Source addresses being used can't guarantee
that those BFD sessions will traverse different paths. Is it out of the
scope of this document?
*	What are the benefits of enforcing BFD sessions between a pair of
nodes to traverse alternative paths between them? I guess by doing so, the
two nodes get to know how many different paths are between them. Who will
use this information? 
*	Your BFD base draft (draft-ietf-bfd-base-09) does state that one of
the goals of BFD is to traverse all possible paths between two nodes. Does
it include the alternative paths between specific Ingress and Egress? 
*	Suggestion if you do think it is necessary to traverse all the
alternative paths between two nodes as indicated in the BFD base document: 

*	Is it possible to create a special BFD session that all intermediate
nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the ECMP group? Whenever it
happens, the node will mark a bit to the Discriminator field. By receiving
all the BFD frames with different Discriminator value, the egress node can
figure out how many alternative paths are between them. 

 

Hope to have more discussion in Hiroshima. 

 

Linda Dunbar

 

Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,

Huawei Technologies, Inc.

 


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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Dave and David, <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Hope you can help me to figure out the following issues with
regard to &#8220;draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8&#8221;:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<ul style='margin-top:0in' type=disc>
 <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
     style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Multiple BFD sessions between
     one pair of system was mentioned several times in the document. Is the
     purpose of having multiple BFD sessions between the same pair for
     traversing different alternative routes between the same pair? If yes, the
     document didn&#8217;t say how to enforce it. Even the different
     Destination/Source addresses being used can&#8217;t guarantee that those
     BFD sessions will traverse different paths. Is it out of the scope of this
     document?<o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
 <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
     style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>What are the benefits of
     enforcing BFD sessions between a pair of nodes to traverse alternative
     paths between them? I guess by doing so, the two nodes get to know how
     many different paths are between them. Who will use this information? <o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
 <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
     style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Your BFD base draft
     (draft-ietf-bfd-base-09) does state that one of the goals of BFD is to
     traverse all possible paths between two nodes. Does it include the
     alternative paths between specific Ingress and Egress? <o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
 <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
     style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Suggestion if you do think it
     is necessary to traverse all the alternative paths between two nodes as
     indicated in the BFD base document: <o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
 <ul style='margin-top:0in' type=circle>
  <li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l0 level2 lfo3'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
      style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Is it possible to create a
      special BFD session that all intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to
      all the paths in the ECMP group? Whenever it happens, the node will mark
      a bit to the Discriminator field. By receiving all the BFD frames with
      different Discriminator value, the egress node can figure out how many
      alternative paths are between them. <o:p></o:p></span></font></li>
 </ul>
</ul>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Hope to have more discussion in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place
 w:st="on">Hiroshima</st1:place></st1:City>. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Linda Dunbar<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline
Networks,</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Huawei Technologies, Inc.</span></font><font size=2
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
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From ldunbar@huawei.com  Sun Nov  8 05:10:43 2009
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Date: Sun, 08 Nov 2009 07:10:34 -0600
From: Linda Dunbar <ldunbar@huawei.com>
Subject: Why need single hop BFD? Does single Hop BFD requires to travese all possoble links beween the two neighbors?
To: 'Dave Katz' <dkatz@juniper.net>, dward@cisco.com
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Dave and David,

 

Forgive me for not aware of the history of the BFD development. Reading
through the "BFD for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop)"
(draft-ietf-bfd-v4v6-1hop-10.txt), I am not clear why single hop BFD is
needed, especially for two immediately connected neighbors. There is Hello
message between two immediate neighbors. If two immediate neighbors need
logical layer to detect any failure between the two immediate neighbors,
they can use the Hello message to achieve this purpose. Even though Hello
message is from control Plane, it would be much less work for routers/LSRs
to monitor the Hello messages than creating a new BFD session. 

 

Any physical media, like 802.3, SONET, DWDM wavelength all have physical
failure indication. Each neighbor can also use the physical failure
indication to declare the connectivity between two immediate neighbors,
which is much faster than a BFD session, isn't it? It also needs less
processing on the router/LSR, there won't be any proactive periodical
sending BFD over the link anymore.  

 

Can you explain (or add to the document) what is the reason for having
single hop BFD? 

Is single Hop BFD only for the Tunnel scenario? 

 

In Section 2 (Application and Limitation), the last paragraph does indicate
that the transmitted packets are immediately routed back towards the sender
on the interface over which they where sent if BFD Echo function is used.
But when Link Aggregation is used to bundle the multiple parallel links
between two neighbors, how does the network layer enforce which link to send
back the "echo" message?

 

Even if BFD ECHO can be enforced to be sent back on the same interface port
so that the individual link's failure can be detected, what can this fault
do when this fault can't affect the connectivity between the two immediate
neighbors in control plane's view?  All the links are bundled and two
immediate neighbors are still connected? 

 

Thank you very much, 

 

Linda Dunbar

 

Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,

Huawei Technologies, Inc.

 


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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Dave and David,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Forgive me for not aware of the
history of the BFD development. Reading through the &#8220;BFD for IPv4 and
IPv6 (Single Hop)&#8221; (draft-ietf-bfd-v4v6-1hop-10.txt), I am not clear why
single hop BFD is needed, especially for two immediately connected neighbors.
There is Hello message between two immediate neighbors. If two immediate
neighbors need logical layer to detect any failure between the two immediate
neighbors, they can use the Hello message to achieve this purpose. Even though
Hello message is from control Plane, it would be much less work for
routers/LSRs to monitor the Hello messages than creating a new BFD session. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Any physical media, like 802.3,
SONET, DWDM wavelength all have physical failure indication. Each neighbor can
also use the physical failure indication to declare the connectivity between
two immediate neighbors, which is much faster than a BFD session, isn&#8217;t
it? It also needs less processing on the router/LSR, there won&#8217;t be any
proactive periodical sending BFD over the link anymore. &nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='text-autospace:none'><font size=3 face=Arial><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Can you explain (or add to the
document) what is the reason for having single hop BFD? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Is single Hop BFD only for the Tunnel scenario? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>In Section 2 (Application and Limitation), the last
paragraph does indicate that the transmitted packets are immediately routed
back towards the sender on the interface over which they where sent if BFD Echo
function is used. But when Link Aggregation is used to bundle the multiple
parallel links between two neighbors, how does the network layer enforce which
link to send back the &#8220;echo&#8221; message?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Even if BFD ECHO can be enforced to be sent back on the same
interface port so that the individual link&#8217;s failure can be detected,
what can this fault do when this fault can&#8217;t affect the connectivity
between the two immediate neighbors in control plane&#8217;s view? &nbsp;All
the links are bundled and two immediate neighbors are still connected? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Thank you very much, <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Linda Dunbar<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=black face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline
Networks,</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Huawei Technologies, Inc.</span></font><font size=2
face=Arial><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:
12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

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Date: Sun, 08 Nov 2009 18:51:22 +0530
Subject: Re: Why need single hop BFD? Does single Hop BFD requires to travese all possoble links beween the two neighbors?
From: sadasgup <sadasgup@cisco.com>
To: Linda Dunbar <ldunbar@huawei.com>, "'Dave Katz'" <dkatz@juniper.net>, <dward@cisco.com>
Message-ID: <C71CC3AA.22860%sadasgup@cisco.com>
Thread-Topic: Why need single hop BFD? Does single Hop BFD requires to travese all possoble links beween the two neighbors?
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>>Any physical media, like 802.3, SONET, DWDM wavelength all have physical
failure indication. Each neighbor can also use the physical failure indicat=
ion
to declare the >>connectivity between two immediate neighbors, which is muc=
h
faster than a BFD session, isn=B9t it? It also needs less processing on the
router/LSR, there won=B9t be any >>proactive periodical sending BFD over the =
link
anymore. =20
=20
>>Can you explain (or add to the document) what is the reason for having si=
ngle
hop BFD?=20
>>Is single Hop BFD only for the Tunnel scenario?

Linda,

Have you considered scenarios where two routers are connected via a Etherne=
t
switch or equivalent? Something like this -

Router A -------L2 Switch-------Router B

If there is a problem on one side of the connectivity (e.g. Router A to L2
Switch), the switch will hide this failure from Router B. This will impact
the IGP convergence, since  Router B has no indicatation of failure at the
physical layer.

Regards,
Santanu



On 08/11/09 6:40 PM, "Linda Dunbar" <ldunbar@huawei.com> wrote:

> Dave and David,
> =20
> Forgive me for not aware of the history of the BFD development. Reading
> through the =B3BFD for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop)=B2
> (draft-ietf-bfd-v4v6-1hop-10.txt), I am not clear why single hop BFD is
> needed, especially for two immediately connected neighbors. There is Hell=
o
> message between two immediate neighbors. If two immediate neighbors need
> logical layer to detect any failure between the two immediate neighbors, =
they
> can use the Hello message to achieve this purpose. Even though Hello mess=
age
> is from control Plane, it would be much less work for routers/LSRs to mon=
itor
> the Hello messages than creating a new BFD session.
> =20
> Any physical media, like 802.3, SONET, DWDM wavelength all have physical
> failure indication. Each neighbor can also use the physical failure indic=
ation
> to declare the connectivity between two immediate neighbors, which is muc=
h
> faster than a BFD session, isn=B9t it? It also needs less processing on the
> router/LSR, there won=B9t be any proactive periodical sending BFD over the =
link
> anymore. =20
> =20
> Can you explain (or add to the document) what is the reason for having si=
ngle
> hop BFD?=20
> Is single Hop BFD only for the Tunnel scenario?
> =20
> In Section 2 (Application and Limitation), the last paragraph does indica=
te
> that the transmitted packets are immediately routed back towards the send=
er on
> the interface over which they where sent if BFD Echo function is used. Bu=
t
> when Link Aggregation is used to bundle the multiple parallel links betwe=
en
> two neighbors, how does the network layer enforce which link to send back=
 the
> =B3echo=B2 message?
> =20
> Even if BFD ECHO can be enforced to be sent back on the same interface po=
rt so
> that the individual link=B9s failure can be detected, what can this fault d=
o
> when this fault can=B9t affect the connectivity between the two immediate
> neighbors in control plane=B9s view?  All the links are bundled and two
> immediate neighbors are still connected?
> =20
> Thank you very much,
> =20
> Linda Dunbar
> =20
> Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,
> Huawei Technologies, Inc.
> =20
>=20


--B_3340551082_39172681
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	charset="ISO-8859-1"
Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Re: Why need single hop BFD? Does single Hop BFD requires to travese=
 all possoble links beween the two neighbors?</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<FONT SIZE=3D"2"><FONT FACE=3D"Arial"><SPAN STYLE=3D'font-size:12pt'>&gt;&gt;Any =
physical media, like 802.3, SONET, DWDM wavelength all have physical failure=
 indication. Each neighbor can also use the physical failure indication to d=
eclare the &gt;&gt;connectivity between two immediate neighbors, which is mu=
ch faster than a BFD session, isn&#8217;t it? It also needs less processing =
on the router/LSR, there won&#8217;t be any &gt;&gt;proactive periodical sen=
ding BFD over the link anymore. &nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><SPAN STYLE=3D'font-size:12pt'><FONT FACE=3D"Times New Roman">&gt=
;&gt;</FONT><FONT FACE=3D"Arial">Can you explain (or add to the document) what=
 is the reason for having single hop BFD? <BR>
</FONT><FONT FACE=3D"Times New Roman">&gt;&gt;</FONT><FONT FACE=3D"Arial">Is si=
ngle Hop BFD only for the Tunnel scenario? <BR>
<BR>
Linda,<BR>
<BR>
Have you considered scenarios where two routers are connected via a Etherne=
t switch or equivalent? Something like this -<BR>
<BR>
Router A -------L2 Switch-------Router B<BR>
<BR>
If there is a problem on one side of the connectivity (e.g. Router A to L2 =
Switch), the switch will hide this failure from Router B. This will impact t=
he IGP convergence, since &nbsp;Router B has no indicatation of failure at t=
he physical layer.<BR>
<BR>
Regards,<BR>
Santanu<BR>
</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN =
STYLE=3D'font-size:13pt'><BR>
<BR>
<BR>
On 08/11/09 6:40 PM, &quot;Linda Dunbar&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"ldunbar@huawei.c=
om">ldunbar@huawei.com</a>&gt; wrote:<BR>
<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><BLOCKQUOTE><FONT SIZE=3D"2"><FONT FACE=3D"Arial"><SPAN STYLE=3D'fo=
nt-size:12pt'>Dave and David,<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
Forgive me for not aware of the history of the BFD development. Reading thr=
ough the &#8220;BFD for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop)&#8221; (draft-ietf-bfd-v4=
v6-1hop-10.txt), I am not clear why single hop BFD is needed, especially for=
 two immediately connected neighbors. There is Hello message between two imm=
ediate neighbors. If two immediate neighbors need logical layer to detect an=
y failure between the two immediate neighbors, they can use the Hello messag=
e to achieve this purpose. Even though Hello message is from control Plane, =
it would be much less work for routers/LSRs to monitor the Hello messages th=
an creating a new BFD session. <BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
Any physical media, like 802.3, SONET, DWDM wavelength all have physical fa=
ilure indication. Each neighbor can also use the physical failure indication=
 to declare the connectivity between two immediate neighbors, which is much =
faster than a BFD session, isn&#8217;t it? It also needs less processing on =
the router/LSR, there won&#8217;t be any proactive periodical sending BFD ov=
er the link anymore. &nbsp;<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
Can you explain (or add to the document) what is the reason for having sing=
le hop BFD? <BR>
Is single Hop BFD only for the Tunnel scenario? <BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
In Section 2 (Application and Limitation), the last paragraph does indicate=
 that the transmitted packets are immediately routed back towards the sender=
 on the interface over which they where sent if BFD Echo function is used. B=
ut when Link Aggregation is used to bundle the multiple parallel links betwe=
en two neighbors, how does the network layer enforce which link to send back=
 the &#8220;echo&#8221; message?<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
Even if BFD ECHO can be enforced to be sent back on the same interface port=
 so that the individual link&#8217;s failure can be detected, what can this =
fault do when this fault can&#8217;t affect the connectivity between the two=
 immediate neighbors in control plane&#8217;s view? &nbsp;All the links are =
bundled and two immediate neighbors are still connected? <BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
Thank you very much, <BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
Linda Dunbar<BR>
&nbsp;<BR>
Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,<BR>
Huawei Technologies, Inc.<BR>
</SPAN></FONT><SPAN STYLE=3D'font-size:12pt'><FONT FACE=3D"Times New Roman"> <B=
R>
</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri, Verdana, Helvetica, Arial"><SPAN =
STYLE=3D'font-size:13pt'><BR>
</SPAN></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
</BODY>
</HTML>


--B_3340551082_39172681--


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Subject: Re: Should the "draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8" add the scheme to enforce BFD sessions traversing different alternative paths?
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On Nov 8, 2009, at 6:10 AM, Linda Dunbar wrote:

> Dave and David,
>
> Hope you can help me to figure out the following issues with regard =20=

> to =93draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8=94:
>
> Multiple BFD sessions between one pair of system was mentioned =20
> several times in the document. Is the purpose of having multiple BFD =20=

> sessions between the same pair for traversing different alternative =20=

> routes between the same pair? If yes, the document didn=92t say how to =
=20
> enforce it. Even the different Destination/Source addresses being =20
> used can=92t guarantee that those BFD sessions will traverse different =
=20
> paths. Is it out of the scope of this document?

The mention of multiple BFD sessions is primarily for discussion about =20=

how to demultiplex such sessions, rather than to attempt to deal with =20=

the liveness of alternate paths.  As you point out, there is no =20
mechanism for binding a BFD session to a path, only to its endpoints, =20=

and even that is somewhat fraught with subtlety (which is why the =20
multipoint spec spends most of its time talking about how to demux BFD =20=

packets.)

As the whole point of BFD is to follow the same paths that data is =20
following, sharing fate as much as possible, trying to run BFD over =20
inactive alternate paths would be extremely difficult.

Multiple *active* paths may exist (such as an LSP and a routed path) =20
and most of the verbiage is to provide a palette of mechanisms that =20
can be used to sort the BFD sessions out.

>
> What are the benefits of enforcing BFD sessions between a pair of =20
> nodes to traverse alternative paths between them? I guess by doing =20
> so, the two nodes get to know how many different paths are between =20
> them. Who will use this information?

See above.

>
> Your BFD base draft (draft-ietf-bfd-base-09) does state that one of =20=

> the goals of BFD is to traverse all possible paths between two =20
> nodes. Does it include the alternative paths between specific =20
> Ingress and Egress?

I don't believe that it ever says such a thing, and it isn't possible =20=

in any case.  Can you point at the text that gave you this impression?


>
> Suggestion if you do think it is necessary to traverse all the =20
> alternative paths between two nodes as indicated in the BFD base =20
> document:
> Is it possible to create a special BFD session that all intermediate =20=

> nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the ECMP group? =20
> Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the Discriminator =20
> field. By receiving all the BFD frames with different Discriminator =20=

> value, the egress node can figure out how many alternative paths are =20=

> between them.

See above.

>
>
> Hope to have more discussion in Hiroshima.
>
> Linda Dunbar
>
> Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,
> Huawei Technologies, Inc.
>


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><br><div><div>On Nov 8, 2009, =
at 6:10 AM, Linda Dunbar wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
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">Dave and David,<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
">Hope you can help me to figure out the following issues with regard to =
=93draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8=94:<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><ul =
type=3D"disc" style=3D"margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0in; "><li =
class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: =
'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">Multiple BFD sessions =
between one pair of system was mentioned several times in the document. =
Is the purpose of having multiple BFD sessions between the same pair for =
traversing different alternative routes between the same pair? If yes, =
the document didn=92t say how to enforce it. Even the different =
Destination/Source addresses being used can=92t guarantee that those BFD =
sessions will traverse different paths. Is it out of the scope of this =
document?</span></font></li></ul></div></o:smarttagtype></o:smarttagtype><=
/div></span></blockquote><div><br></div>The mention of multiple BFD =
sessions is primarily for discussion about how to demultiplex such =
sessions, rather than to attempt to deal with the liveness of alternate =
paths. &nbsp;As you point out, there is no mechanism for binding a BFD =
session to a path, only to its endpoints, and even that is somewhat =
fraught with subtlety (which is why the multipoint spec spends most of =
its time talking about how to demux BFD =
packets.)</div><div><br></div><div>As the whole point of BFD is to =
follow the same paths that data is following, sharing fate as much as =
possible, trying to run BFD over inactive alternate paths would be =
extremely difficult.</div><div><br></div><div>Multiple *active* paths =
may exist (such as an LSP and a routed path) and most of the verbiage is =
to provide a palette of mechanisms that can be used to sort the BFD =
sessions out.</div><div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><div class=3D"Section1"><ul type=3D"disc" =
style=3D"margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0in; "><li class=3D"MsoNormal" =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li =
class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: =
'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">What are the benefits of =
enforcing BFD sessions between a pair of nodes to traverse alternative =
paths between them? I guess by doing so, the two nodes get to know how =
many different paths are between them. Who will use this =
information?</span></font></li></ul></div></o:smarttagtype></o:smarttagtyp=
e></div></span></blockquote><div><br></div>See =
above.</div><div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><div class=3D"Section1"><ul type=3D"disc" =
style=3D"margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0in; "><li class=3D"MsoNormal" =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li =
class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: =
'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">Your BFD base draft =
(draft-ietf-bfd-base-09) does state that one of the goals of BFD is to =
traverse all possible paths between two nodes. Does it include the =
alternative paths between specific Ingress and =
Egress?</span></font></li></ul></div></o:smarttagtype></o:smarttagtype></d=
iv></span></blockquote><div><br></div>I don't believe that it ever says =
such a thing, and it isn't possible in any case. &nbsp;Can you point at =
the text that gave you this =
impression?</div><div><br></div><div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><div class=3D"Section1"><ul type=3D"disc" =
style=3D"margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0in; "><li class=3D"MsoNormal" =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li =
class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: =
'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">Suggestion if you do =
think it is necessary to traverse all the alternative paths between two =
nodes as indicated in the BFD base =
document:<o:p></o:p></span></font></li><ul type=3D"circle" =
style=3D"margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0in; "><li class=3D"MsoNormal" =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; ">Is it possible to create a special BFD session =
that all intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the =
ECMP group? Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the =
Discriminator field. By receiving all the BFD frames with different =
Discriminator value, the egress node can figure out how many alternative =
paths are between =
them.</span></font></li></ul></ul></div></o:smarttagtype></o:smarttagtype>=
</div></span></blockquote><div><br></div>See =
above.</div><div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><div class=3D"Section1"><ul type=3D"disc" =
style=3D"margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0in; "><ul type=3D"circle" =
style=3D"margin-bottom: 0in; margin-top: 0in; "><li class=3D"MsoNormal" =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></li></ul></ul><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; ">Hope to have more discussion in<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><st1:city =
w:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
w:st=3D"on">Hiroshima</st1:place></st1:city>.<o:p></o:p></span></font></di=
v><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: =
0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New =
Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; font-family: Arial; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; ">Linda Dunbar<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; ">Advanced =
Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,</span></font><o:p></o:p></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; ">Huawei Technologies, Inc.</span></font><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: =
Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times =
New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div></o:smarttagtype></o:smarttag=
type></div></span></blockquote></div><br></body></html>=

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From: Dave Katz <dkatz@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: Why need single hop BFD? Does single Hop BFD requires to travese all possoble links beween the two neighbors?
Date: Sun, 8 Nov 2009 15:32:44 -0700
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On Nov 8, 2009, at 6:10 AM, Linda Dunbar wrote:

> Dave and David,
>
> Forgive me for not aware of the history of the BFD development. =20
> Reading through the =93BFD for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop)=94 =
(draft-ietf-=20
> bfd-v4v6-1hop-10.txt), I am not clear why single hop BFD is needed, =20=

> especially for two immediately connected neighbors. There is Hello =20
> message between two immediate neighbors.

Of course, the entire point of 1hop is to run on immediately connected =20=

neighbors.

> If two immediate neighbors need logical layer to detect any failure =20=

> between the two immediate neighbors, they can use the Hello message =20=

> to achieve this purpose. Even though Hello message is from control =20
> Plane, it would be much less work for routers/LSRs to monitor the =20
> Hello messages than creating a new BFD session.

(a)  There may not be any Hello protocol running between adjacent =20
nodes.  (A number of folks are using BFD to protect static routes.)
(b)  The existing Hello protocols in IGPs have a number of failings, =20
which are spelled out elsewhere.
(c)  BFD is modeled to run in the data plane (though of course =20
implementors can put it wherever they want.)  In particular, it's a =20
goal to make it possible to continue to forward traffic (and thus to =20
protect the forwarding path with BFD) even when the control plane is =20
resetting or having other issues.

>
> Any physical media, like 802.3, SONET, DWDM wavelength all have =20
> physical failure indication. Each neighbor can also use the physical =20=

> failure indication to declare the connectivity between two immediate =20=

> neighbors, which is much faster than a BFD session, isn=92t it? It =20
> also needs less processing on the router/LSR, there won=92t be any =20
> proactive periodical sending BFD over the link anymore.

There is no system-to-system failure indication in Ethernet, =20
particularly when switches are involved (which is *always* at this =20
point, unless you know someone still using yellow hose and vampire =20
taps) which was a driving reason for doing BFD in the first place.  =20
Those of us in the Big Iron business saw lots of Ethernet showing up =20
in POP interconnects, and waiting for IGPs to time out was causing =20
huge traffic losses.

>
> Can you explain (or add to the document) what is the reason for =20
> having single hop BFD?
> Is single Hop BFD only for the Tunnel scenario?

 =46rom the spec:

    One very desirable application for BFD [BFD] is to track IPv4 and
    IPv6 connectivity between directly-connected systems.  This could be
    used to supplement the detection mechanisms in routing protocols, or
    to monitor router-host connectivity, among other applications.
...
    This application of BFD can be used by any pair of systems
    communicating via IPv4 and/or IPv6 across a single IP hop that is
    associated with an incoming interface.  This includes, but is not
    limited to, physical media, virtual circuits, and tunnels.

It's primarily for router interconnection, which given the authors' =20
employers makes sense.  But it can be used in any single-hop scenario =20=

that fits the deployment requirements.

>
> In Section 2 (Application and Limitation), the last paragraph does =20
> indicate that the transmitted packets are immediately routed back =20
> towards the sender on the interface over which they where sent if =20
> BFD Echo function is used. But when Link Aggregation is used to =20
> bundle the multiple parallel links between two neighbors, how does =20
> the network layer enforce which link to send back the =93echo=94 =
message?

It can't, obviously.  There's no magic.  One could argue that it =20
shouldn't, as it is monitoring the liveness of the L3 path, not the =20
individual links.  The theory at the time was that BFD could be used =20
at L2 across the individual links if someone wanted to do that, but =20
the Ethernet folks wanted to roll their own OAM or somesuch.

>
> Even if BFD ECHO can be enforced to be sent back on the same =20
> interface port so that the individual link=92s failure can be =20
> detected, what can this fault do when this fault can=92t affect the =20=

> connectivity between the two immediate neighbors in control plane=92s =20=

> view?  All the links are bundled and two immediate neighbors are =20
> still connected?

See above.  The 1hop spec is explicitly an L3 play;  aggregate links =20
are just single links in that case, so from BFD's standpoint the =20
failure of an individual link will be invisible.

--Dave

>


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><br><div><div>On Nov 8, 2009, =
at 6:10 AM, Linda Dunbar wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
">Dave and David,<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
">Forgive me for not aware of the history of the BFD development. =
Reading through the =93BFD for IPv4 and IPv6 (Single Hop)=94 =
(draft-ietf-bfd-v4v6-1hop-10.txt), I am not clear why single hop BFD is =
needed, especially for two immediately connected neighbors. There is =
Hello message between two immediate neighbors. =
</span></font></div></div></div></span></blockquote><div><br></div>Of =
course, the entire point of 1hop is to run on immediately connected =
neighbors.</div><div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">If =
two immediate neighbors need logical layer to detect any failure between =
the two immediate neighbors, they can use the Hello message to achieve =
this purpose. Even though Hello message is from control Plane, it would =
be much less work for routers/LSRs to monitor the Hello messages than =
creating a new BFD =
session.</span></font></div></div></div></span></blockquote><div><br></div=
>(a) &nbsp;There may not be any Hello protocol running between adjacent =
nodes. &nbsp;(A number of folks are using BFD to protect static =
routes.)</div><div>(b) &nbsp;The existing Hello protocols in IGPs have a =
number of failings, which are spelled out elsewhere.</div><div>(c) =
&nbsp;BFD is modeled to run in the data plane (though of course =
implementors can put it wherever they want.) &nbsp;In particular, it's a =
goal to make it possible to continue to forward traffic (and thus to =
protect the forwarding path with BFD) even when the control plane is =
resetting or having other issues.</div><div><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: =
medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">Any =
physical media, like 802.3, SONET, DWDM wavelength all have physical =
failure indication. Each neighbor can also use the physical failure =
indication to declare the connectivity between two immediate neighbors, =
which is much faster than a BFD session, isn=92t it? It also needs less =
processing on the router/LSR, there won=92t be any proactive periodical =
sending BFD over the link anymore. =
&nbsp;</span></font></div></div></div></span></blockquote><div><br></div>T=
here is no system-to-system failure indication in Ethernet, particularly =
when switches are involved (which is *always* at this point, unless you =
know someone still using yellow hose and vampire taps) which was a =
driving reason for doing BFD in the first place. &nbsp;Those of us in =
the Big Iron business saw lots of Ethernet showing up in POP =
interconnects, and waiting for IGPs to time out was causing huge traffic =
losses.</div><div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple"><div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">Can =
you explain (or add to the document) what is the reason for having =
single hop BFD?<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">Is =
single Hop BFD only for the Tunnel =
scenario?</span></font></div></div></div></span></blockquote><div><br></di=
v><div>=46rom the spec:</div><div><br></div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; One very =
desirable application for BFD [BFD] is to track IPv4 =
and</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; IPv6 connectivity between directly-connected =
systems. &nbsp;This could be</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; used to supplement =
the detection mechanisms in routing protocols, or</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; =
to monitor router-host connectivity, among other =
applications.</div><div>...</div><div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; This application =
of BFD can be used by any pair of systems</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; =
communicating via IPv4 and/or IPv6 across a single IP hop that =
is</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; associated with an incoming interface. =
&nbsp;This includes, but is not</div><div>&nbsp;&nbsp; limited to, =
physical media, virtual circuits, and =
tunnels.</div><div><br></div><div>It's primarily for router =
interconnection, which given the authors' employers makes sense. =
&nbsp;But it can be used in any single-hop scenario that fits the =
deployment requirements.</div><div><br></div></div><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div =
class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: =
'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; ">In =
Section 2 (Application and Limitation), the last paragraph does indicate =
that the transmitted packets are immediately routed back towards the =
sender on the interface over which they where sent if BFD Echo function =
is used. But when Link Aggregation is used to bundle the multiple =
parallel links between two neighbors, how does the network layer enforce =
which link to send back the =93echo=94 =
message?</span></font></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div>It =
can't, obviously. &nbsp;There's no magic. &nbsp;One could argue that it =
shouldn't, as it is monitoring the liveness of the L3 path, not the =
individual links. &nbsp;The theory at the time was that BFD could be =
used at L2 across the individual links if someone wanted to do that, but =
the Ethernet folks wanted to roll their own OAM or =
somesuch.</div><div><br><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div lang=3D"EN-US" =
link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div class=3D"Section1"><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; ">Even if BFD ECHO can be enforced to be sent back =
on the same interface port so that the individual link=92s failure can =
be detected, what can this fault do when this fault can=92t affect the =
connectivity between the two immediate neighbors in control plane=92s =
view? &nbsp;All the links are bundled and two immediate neighbors are =
still =
connected?</span></font></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div>See =
above. &nbsp;The 1hop spec is explicitly an L3 play; &nbsp;aggregate =
links are just single links in that case, so from BFD's standpoint the =
failure of an individual link will be =
invisible.</div><div><br></div><div>--Dave</div><div><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div =
class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: =
'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div></div></blockquote></div><br></body=
></html>=

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Date: Sun, 08 Nov 2009 18:48:44 -0600
From: Linda Dunbar <ldunbar@huawei.com>
Subject: RE: Should the "draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8" add the scheme to enforce BFD sessions traversing different alternative paths?
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Dave, 

 

Thank you very much for the reply. 

 

What do you think of my suggestion? 

o        Is it possible to create a special BFD session that all
intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the ECMP group?
Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the Discriminator field. By
receiving all the BFD frames with different Discriminator value, the egress
node can figure out how many alternative paths are between them.

 

Linda Dunbar

  _____  

From: Dave Katz [mailto:dkatz@juniper.net] 
Sent: Sunday, November 08, 2009 2:19 PM
To: Linda Dunbar
Cc: dward@cisco.com; rtg-bfd@ietf.org
Subject: Re: Should the "draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8" add the scheme to
enforce BFD sessions traversing different alternative paths?

 

 

On Nov 8, 2009, at 6:10 AM, Linda Dunbar wrote:





Dave and David,

 

Hope you can help me to figure out the following issues with regard to
"draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8":

 

*         Multiple BFD sessions between one pair of system was mentioned
several times in the document. Is the purpose of having multiple BFD
sessions between the same pair for traversing different alternative routes
between the same pair? If yes, the document didn't say how to enforce it.
Even the different Destination/Source addresses being used can't guarantee
that those BFD sessions will traverse different paths. Is it out of the
scope of this document?

 

The mention of multiple BFD sessions is primarily for discussion about how
to demultiplex such sessions, rather than to attempt to deal with the
liveness of alternate paths.  As you point out, there is no mechanism for
binding a BFD session to a path, only to its endpoints, and even that is
somewhat fraught with subtlety (which is why the multipoint spec spends most
of its time talking about how to demux BFD packets.)

 

As the whole point of BFD is to follow the same paths that data is
following, sharing fate as much as possible, trying to run BFD over inactive
alternate paths would be extremely difficult.

 

Multiple *active* paths may exist (such as an LSP and a routed path) and
most of the verbiage is to provide a palette of mechanisms that can be used
to sort the BFD sessions out.





*          

*         What are the benefits of enforcing BFD sessions between a pair of
nodes to traverse alternative paths between them? I guess by doing so, the
two nodes get to know how many different paths are between them. Who will
use this information?

 

See above.





*          

*         Your BFD base draft (draft-ietf-bfd-base-09) does state that one
of the goals of BFD is to traverse all possible paths between two nodes.
Does it include the alternative paths between specific Ingress and Egress?

 

I don't believe that it ever says such a thing, and it isn't possible in any
case.  Can you point at the text that gave you this impression?

 





*          

*         Suggestion if you do think it is necessary to traverse all the
alternative paths between two nodes as indicated in the BFD base document:

o        Is it possible to create a special BFD session that all
intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the ECMP group?
Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the Discriminator field. By
receiving all the BFD frames with different Discriminator value, the egress
node can figure out how many alternative paths are between them.

 

See above.





o         

 

Hope to have more discussion in Hiroshima.

 

Linda Dunbar

 

Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,

Huawei Technologies, Inc.

 

 


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</head>

<body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='word-wrap: break-word;
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space;-webkit-line-break: after-white-space'>

<div class=Section1>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Dave, <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Thank you very much for the reply. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>What do you think of my suggestion? <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level2 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Courier New";color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>o<font size=1
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;color:black'>Is it possible to create a special BFD
session that all intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the
ECMP group? Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the Discriminator
field. By receiving all the BFD frames with different Discriminator value, the
egress node can figure out how many alternative paths are between them.</span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</u1:smarttagtype></u1:smarttagtype>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</span>

<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color=blue face=Arial><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:blue'>Linda Dunbar<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-left:.5in;text-align:center'><font
size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>

<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center tabindex=-1>

</span></font></div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font
size=2 face=Tahoma><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'> Dave Katz
[mailto:dkatz@juniper.net] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Sunday, November 08, 2009
2:19 PM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> Linda Dunbar<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Cc:</span></b> dward@cisco.com;
rtg-bfd@ietf.org<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: Should the
&quot;draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8&quot; add the scheme to enforce BFD sessions
traversing different alternative paths?</span></font><o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>On Nov 8, 2009, at 6:10 AM, Linda Dunbar wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<span style='orphans: 2;text-align:auto;widows: 2;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;word-spacing:
0px'><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place">

<div link=blue vlink=purple>

<div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Dave
and David,<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Hope
you can help me to figure out the following issues with regard to
&#8220;draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8&#8221;:<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo1'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face=Symbol><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;color:black'>Multiple BFD sessions between one pair of
system was mentioned several times in the document. Is the purpose of having
multiple BFD sessions between the same pair for traversing different
alternative routes between the same pair? If yes, the document didn&#8217;t say how
to enforce it. Even the different Destination/Source addresses being used can&#8217;t
guarantee that those BFD sessions will traverse different paths. Is it out of
the scope of this document?</span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</div>

</span></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smarttagtype>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>The mention of multiple BFD sessions is primarily for
discussion about how to demultiplex such sessions, rather than to attempt to
deal with the liveness of alternate paths. &nbsp;As you point out, there is no
mechanism for binding a BFD session to a path, only to its endpoints, and even
that is somewhat fraught with subtlety (which is why the multipoint spec spends
most of its time talking about how to demux BFD packets.)<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>As the whole point of BFD is to follow the same paths
that data is following, sharing fate as much as possible, trying to run BFD
over inactive alternate paths would be extremely difficult.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Multiple *active* paths may exist (such as an LSP and
a routed path) and most of the verbiage is to provide a palette of mechanisms
that can be used to sort the BFD sessions out.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<span style='orphans: 2;text-align:auto;widows: 2;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;word-spacing:
0px'><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"><u1:p></u1:p>

<div link=blue vlink=purple>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face=Symbol><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face=Symbol><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;color:black'>What are the benefits of enforcing BFD
sessions between a pair of nodes to traverse alternative paths between them? I
guess by doing so, the two nodes get to know how many different paths are
between them. Who will use this information?</span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</div>

</span></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smarttagtype>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>See above.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<span style='orphans: 2;text-align:auto;widows: 2;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;word-spacing:
0px'><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"><u1:p></u1:p>

<div link=blue vlink=purple>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face=Symbol><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo3'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face=Symbol><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;color:black'>Your BFD base draft
(draft-ietf-bfd-base-09) does state that one of the goals of BFD is to traverse
all possible paths between two nodes. Does it include the alternative paths
between specific Ingress and Egress?</span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</div>

</span></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smarttagtype>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>I don't believe that it ever says such a thing, and it
isn't possible in any case. &nbsp;Can you point at the text that gave you this
impression?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<span style='orphans: 2;text-align:auto;widows: 2;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;word-spacing:
0px'><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"><u1:p></u1:p>

<div link=blue vlink=purple>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face=Symbol><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.0in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face=Symbol><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>&middot;<font size=1 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;color:black'>Suggestion if you do think it is
necessary to traverse all the alternative paths between two nodes as indicated
in the BFD base document:<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l3 level2 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Courier New";color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>o<font size=1
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black face=Arial><span
style='font-family:Arial;color:black'>Is it possible to create a special BFD
session that all intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the
ECMP group? Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the Discriminator
field. By receiving all the BFD frames with different Discriminator value, the
egress node can figure out how many alternative paths are between them.</span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</div>

</span></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smarttagtype>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'>See above.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<span style='orphans: 2;text-align:auto;widows: 2;-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px;
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none;
-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;word-spacing:
0px'><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"><u1:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"><u1:p></u1:p>

<div link=blue vlink=purple>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:1.5in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level2 lfo5'><![if !supportLists]><font
size=2 color=black face="Courier New"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Courier New";color:black'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>o<font size=1
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></font></span></span></font><![endif]><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Hope to
have more discussion in<span class=apple-converted-space>&nbsp;<st1:city u2:st="on"><st1:place u2:st="on"></span><st1:City
w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Hiroshima</st1:place></st1:city></st1:place></st1:City>.<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Linda
Dunbar<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Advanced
Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,</span></font><font color=black><span
style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<u1:p></u1:p></div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face=Arial><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:black'>Huawei
Technologies, Inc.</span></font><font color=black><span style='color:black'><u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 color=black
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:black'><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</span></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smarttagtype>

<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
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From dkatz@juniper.net  Sun Nov  8 19:42:51 2009
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From: Dave Katz <dkatz@juniper.net>
To: Linda Dunbar <ldunbar@huawei.com>
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Subject: Re: Should the "draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8" add the scheme to enforce BFD sessions traversing different alternative paths?
Date: Sun, 8 Nov 2009 20:41:44 -0700
References: <000b01ca6074$edf3a140$9b805d85@china.huawei.com> <9AF37197-30FA-421D-82D8-D3F238B74DA6@juniper.net> <009201ca60d6$64caa370$9b805d85@china.huawei.com>
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On Nov 8, 2009, at 5:48 PM, Linda Dunbar wrote:

> Dave,
>
> Thank you very much for the reply.
>
> What do you think of my suggestion?
> o        Is it possible to create a special BFD session that all =20
> intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the ECMP =20=

> group? Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the =20
> Discriminator field. By receiving all the BFD frames with different =20=

> Discriminator value, the egress node can figure out how many =20
> alternative paths are between them.

Doing so would probably require reprogramming forwarding hardware, and =20=

by its nature would stop being BFD as we know it.

Mapping out all possible network paths is well outside the scope of =20
the specification, and it doesn't seem as though BFD is particularly =20
suited for this task.

It sounds a bit like Token Ring Explorer packets (showing my age) but =20=

a mechanism to discover topology by brute force would require =20
forwarding changes or some other games to be played.

Within a routing domain, such things can be determined analytically =20
from link state databases, but this doesn't help in the larger picture.

In any case, it doesn't sound like anything BFD ought to be involved in.

--Dave

>
> Linda Dunbar
> From: Dave Katz [mailto:dkatz@juniper.net]
> Sent: Sunday, November 08, 2009 2:19 PM
> To: Linda Dunbar
> Cc: dward@cisco.com; rtg-bfd@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: Should the "draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8" add the scheme =20
> to enforce BFD sessions traversing different alternative paths?
>
>
> On Nov 8, 2009, at 6:10 AM, Linda Dunbar wrote:
>
>
> Dave and David,
>
> Hope you can help me to figure out the following issues with regard =20=

> to =93draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8=94:
>
> =B7         Multiple BFD sessions between one pair of system was =20
> mentioned several times in the document. Is the purpose of having =20
> multiple BFD sessions between the same pair for traversing different =20=

> alternative routes between the same pair? If yes, the document =20
> didn=92t say how to enforce it. Even the different Destination/Source =20=

> addresses being used can=92t guarantee that those BFD sessions will =20=

> traverse different paths. Is it out of the scope of this document?
>
> The mention of multiple BFD sessions is primarily for discussion =20
> about how to demultiplex such sessions, rather than to attempt to =20
> deal with the liveness of alternate paths.  As you point out, there =20=

> is no mechanism for binding a BFD session to a path, only to its =20
> endpoints, and even that is somewhat fraught with subtlety (which is =20=

> why the multipoint spec spends most of its time talking about how to =20=

> demux BFD packets.)
>
> As the whole point of BFD is to follow the same paths that data is =20
> following, sharing fate as much as possible, trying to run BFD over =20=

> inactive alternate paths would be extremely difficult.
>
> Multiple *active* paths may exist (such as an LSP and a routed path) =20=

> and most of the verbiage is to provide a palette of mechanisms that =20=

> can be used to sort the BFD sessions out.
>
>
> =B7
> =B7         What are the benefits of enforcing BFD sessions between a =20=

> pair of nodes to traverse alternative paths between them? I guess by =20=

> doing so, the two nodes get to know how many different paths are =20
> between them. Who will use this information?
>
> See above.
>
>
> =B7
> =B7         Your BFD base draft (draft-ietf-bfd-base-09) does state =20=

> that one of the goals of BFD is to traverse all possible paths =20
> between two nodes. Does it include the alternative paths between =20
> specific Ingress and Egress?
>
> I don't believe that it ever says such a thing, and it isn't =20
> possible in any case.  Can you point at the text that gave you this =20=

> impression?
>
>
>
> =B7
> =B7         Suggestion if you do think it is necessary to traverse all =
=20
> the alternative paths between two nodes as indicated in the BFD base =20=

> document:
> o        Is it possible to create a special BFD session that all =20
> intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the ECMP =20=

> group? Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the =20
> Discriminator field. By receiving all the BFD frames with different =20=

> Discriminator value, the egress node can figure out how many =20
> alternative paths are between them.
>
> See above.
>
>
> o
>
> Hope to have more discussion in Hiroshima.
>
> Linda Dunbar
>
> Advanced Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,
> Huawei Technologies, Inc.
>
>


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><br><div><div>On Nov 8, 2009, =
at 5:48 PM, Linda Dunbar wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple" style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: =
space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" color=3D"blue" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
color: blue; ">Dave,<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"blue" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:=
 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" color=3D"blue" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
color: blue; ">Thank you very much for the =
reply.<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" color=3D"blue" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
color: blue; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"blue" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:=
 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue; ">What do you think of my =
suggestion?<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-indent: -0.25in; =
"><font size=3D"2" color=3D"black" face=3D"Courier New"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; color: black; =
"><span>o<font size=3D"1" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font: =
normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-family: =
Arial; color: black; ">Is it possible to create a special BFD session =
that all intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the =
ECMP group? Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the =
Discriminator field. By receiving all the BFD frames with different =
Discriminator value, the egress node can figure out how many alternative =
paths are between them.</span></font><font =
color=3D"black"></font></div></div></o:smarttagtype></o:smarttagtype></div=
></span></blockquote><div><br></div>Doing so would probably require =
reprogramming forwarding hardware, and by its nature would stop being =
BFD as we know it.</div><div><br></div><div>Mapping out all possible =
network paths is well outside the scope of the specification, and it =
doesn't seem as though BFD is particularly suited for this =
task.</div><div><br></div><div>It sounds a bit like Token Ring Explorer =
packets (showing my age) but a mechanism to discover topology by brute =
force would require forwarding changes or some other games to be =
played.</div><div><br></div><div>Within a routing domain, such things =
can be determined analytically from link state databases, but this =
doesn't help in the larger picture.</div><div><br></div><div>In any =
case, it doesn't sound like anything BFD ought to be involved =
in.</div><div><br></div><div>--Dave</div><div><br></div><div><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: =
medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div lang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" =
vlink=3D"purple" style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: =
space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><o:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><div class=3D"Section1"><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-indent: -0.25in; =
"><font color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" color=3D"blue" =
face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; =
color: blue; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"blue" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:=
 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: blue; ">Linda =
Dunbar<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div><div class=3D"MsoNormal" =
align=3D"center" style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-align: center; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; "><hr size=3D"2" =
width=3D"100%" align=3D"center" tabindex=3D"-1"></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><b><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Tahoma"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; =
font-family: Tahoma; font-weight: bold; ">From:</span></font></b><font =
size=3D"2" face=3D"Tahoma"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: =
Tahoma; "><span class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span>Dave Katz =
[<a href=3D"mailto:dkatz@juniper.net" style=3D"color: blue; =
text-decoration: underline; ">mailto:dkatz@juniper.net</a>]<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><br><b><span =
style=3D"font-weight: bold; ">Sent:</span></b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span>Sunday, November 08, 2009 =
2:19 PM<br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: bold; ">To:</span></b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span>Linda Dunbar<br><b><span =
style=3D"font-weight: bold; ">Cc:</span></b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><a =
href=3D"mailto:dward@cisco.com" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: =
underline; ">dward@cisco.com</a>;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><a =
href=3D"mailto:rtg-bfd@ietf.org" style=3D"color: blue; text-decoration: =
underline; ">rtg-bfd@ietf.org</a><br><b><span style=3D"font-weight: =
bold; ">Subject:</span></b><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span>Re: Should the =
"draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8" add the scheme to enforce BFD sessions =
traversing different alternative =
paths?</span></font><o:p></o:p></div></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div><div><div style=3D"margin-top:=
 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; ">On Nov 8, =
2009, at 6:10 AM, Linda Dunbar =
wrote:<o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><span style=3D"orphans: 2; =
widows: 2; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; =
"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><div link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; ">Dave and =
David,<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; =
"><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; ">Hope you =
can help me to figure out the following issues with regard to =
=93draft-ietf-bfd-multihop-8=94:<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font =
color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; color: black; =
"><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 1in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
text-indent: -0.25in; "><font size=3D"2" color=3D"black" =
face=3D"Symbol"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol; =
color: black; "><span>=B7<font size=3D"1" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D"font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-family: =
Arial; color: black; ">Multiple BFD sessions between one pair of system =
was mentioned several times in the document. Is the purpose of having =
multiple BFD sessions between the same pair for traversing different =
alternative routes between the same pair? If yes, the document didn=92t =
say how to enforce it. Even the different Destination/Source addresses =
being used can=92t guarantee that those BFD sessions will traverse =
different paths. Is it out of the scope of this =
document?</span></font><font color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: =
black; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div></div></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smartt=
agtype></span><div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; ">The mention =
of multiple BFD sessions is primarily for discussion about how to =
demultiplex such sessions, rather than to attempt to deal with the =
liveness of alternate paths. &nbsp;As you point out, there is no =
mechanism for binding a BFD session to a path, only to its endpoints, =
and even that is somewhat fraught with subtlety (which is why the =
multipoint spec spends most of its time talking about how to demux BFD =
packets.)<o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; ">As the whole point of BFD is to follow the same paths that data =
is following, sharing fate as much as possible, trying to run BFD over =
inactive alternate paths would be extremely =
difficult.<o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; ">Multiple *active* paths may exist (such as an LSP and a routed =
path) and most of the verbiage is to provide a palette of mechanisms =
that can be used to sort the BFD sessions =
out.<o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><span style=3D"orphans: 2; =
widows: 2; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; =
"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><u1:p></u1:p><div link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 1in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
text-indent: -0.25in; "><font size=3D"2" color=3D"black" =
face=3D"Symbol"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol; =
color: black; "><span>=B7<font size=3D"1" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D"font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-indent: -0.25in; "><font =
size=3D"2" color=3D"black" face=3D"Symbol"><span style=3D"font-size: =
10pt; font-family: Symbol; color: black; "><span>=B7<font size=3D"1" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font: normal normal normal =
7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-family: =
Arial; color: black; ">What are the benefits of enforcing BFD sessions =
between a pair of nodes to traverse alternative paths between them? I =
guess by doing so, the two nodes get to know how many different paths =
are between them. Who will use this information?</span></font><font =
color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div></div></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smartt=
agtype></span><div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; ">See =
above.<o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><span style=3D"orphans: 2; =
widows: 2; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; =
"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><u1:p></u1:p><div link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 1in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
text-indent: -0.25in; "><font size=3D"2" color=3D"black" =
face=3D"Symbol"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol; =
color: black; "><span>=B7<font size=3D"1" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D"font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-indent: -0.25in; "><font =
size=3D"2" color=3D"black" face=3D"Symbol"><span style=3D"font-size: =
10pt; font-family: Symbol; color: black; "><span>=B7<font size=3D"1" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font: normal normal normal =
7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-family: =
Arial; color: black; ">Your BFD base draft (draft-ietf-bfd-base-09) does =
state that one of the goals of BFD is to traverse all possible paths =
between two nodes. Does it include the alternative paths between =
specific Ingress and Egress?</span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div></div></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smartt=
agtype></span><div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; ">I don't =
believe that it ever says such a thing, and it isn't possible in any =
case. &nbsp;Can you point at the text that gave you this =
impression?<o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; "><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: =
12pt; "><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><span style=3D"orphans: =
2; widows: 2; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; =
"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><u1:p></u1:p><div link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 1in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
text-indent: -0.25in; "><font size=3D"2" color=3D"black" =
face=3D"Symbol"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Symbol; =
color: black; "><span>=B7<font size=3D"1" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D"font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; =
margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; font-size: =
12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; text-indent: -0.25in; "><font =
size=3D"2" color=3D"black" face=3D"Symbol"><span style=3D"font-size: =
10pt; font-family: Symbol; color: black; "><span>=B7<font size=3D"1" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font: normal normal normal =
7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-family: =
Arial; color: black; ">Suggestion if you do think it is necessary to =
traverse all the alternative paths between two nodes as indicated in the =
BFD base document:<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 1.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
text-indent: -0.25in; "><font size=3D"2" color=3D"black" face=3D"Courier =
New"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; color: =
black; "><span>o<font size=3D"1" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D"font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-family: =
Arial; color: black; ">Is it possible to create a special BFD session =
that all intermediate nodes will forward the BFD to all the paths in the =
ECMP group? Whenever it happens, the node will mark a bit to the =
Discriminator field. By receiving all the BFD frames with different =
Discriminator value, the egress node can figure out how many alternative =
paths are between them.</span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div></div></u1:smarttagtype></u1:smartt=
agtype></span><div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; =
margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Times New =
Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; ">See =
above.<o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><span style=3D"orphans: 2; =
widows: 2; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-spacing: 0px; =
"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"City"><u1:smarttagtype =
namespaceuri=3D"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" =
name=3D"place"><u1:p></u1:p><div link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 1.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
text-indent: -0.25in; "><font size=3D"2" color=3D"black" face=3D"Courier =
New"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; color: =
black; "><span>o<font size=3D"1" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D"font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman'; =
">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span></font></span></span><=
/font><font color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; color: black; =
"><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; ">Hope to =
have more discussion in<span =
class=3D"apple-converted-space">&nbsp;<st1:city u2:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
u2:st=3D"on"></st1:place></st1:city></span><st1:city =
w:st=3D"on"><st1:place =
w:st=3D"on">Hiroshima</st1:place></st1:city>.<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><f=
ont color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
font-family: Arial; color: black; =
"><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; ">Linda =
Dunbar<u1:p></u1:p></span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; =
"><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p></span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; ">Advanced =
Technology Dept, Wireline Networks,</span></font><font =
color=3D"black"><span style=3D"color: black; =
"><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><u1:p></u1:p></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Arial"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; font-family: Arial; color: black; ">Huawei =
Technologies, Inc.</span></font><font color=3D"black"><span =
style=3D"color: black; =
"><u1:p></u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; =
margin-left: 0.5in; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; =
"><font size=3D"3" color=3D"black" face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
style=3D"font-size: 12pt; color: black; =
"><u1:p>&nbsp;</u1:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div></div></div></u1=
:smarttagtype></u1:smarttagtype></span></div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0.5in; =
font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size=3D"3" =
face=3D"Times New Roman"><span style=3D"font-size: 12pt; =
"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></div></div></o:smarttagtype></o:smarttag=
type></div></span></blockquote></div><br></body></html>=

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Subject: BFD MIB
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: rtg-bfd@ietf.org
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Hi,

This is regarding the BFD MIB version 07. I noticed that the sessions
table has the objects bfdSessDesiredMinTxInterval and other session
related parameters.

The issue with this is that because the sessions in BFD are actually
triggered by protocols outside BFD and in BFD we are unaware of which
sessions will be created, changing the values of the objects when the
row create is triggered dynamically from other protocols is not
possible.

The way to solve the issue is to use some entity tables/ structures
just like we have it in LDP. So we could have entities for each
interface as well as each multihop session. We could seperatly create
the entity structures and any session belonging to an entity would
inherit the property configured for the entity.

Looking at the Cisco CLI it seems to take the parameters on the
interface basis too. Why is the MIB not aligned to the CLI (even
though the authors themselves are from the company)?

Can the authors please comment on it?

Thanks,
Vishwas

From nitinb@juniper.net  Tue Nov 10 13:28:31 2009
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From: Nitin Bahadur <nitinb@juniper.net>
To: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>, "rtg-bfd@ietf.org" <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>
Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2009 13:22:54 -0800
Subject: Re: BFD MIB
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> Looking at the Cisco CLI it seems to take the parameters on the
> interface basis too. Why is the MIB not aligned to the CLI (even
> though the authors themselves are from the company)?

> Can the authors please comment on it?

Please take this discussion offline. This is not appropriate for the list.

Thanks
Nitin

From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Tue Nov 10 13:30:52 2009
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Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2009 13:31:16 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911101331m7fce0f16n8de8f9da4b935417@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: BFD MIB
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: Nitin Bahadur <nitinb@juniper.net>
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Hi Nitin,

Thanks for the comment.

My point is the difference in the MIB and the way to realize the
functionality. As an example I have taken the Cisco CLI. I am sure you
are not against a discussion on the MIB.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 1:22 PM, Nitin Bahadur <nitinb@juniper.net> wrote:
>
>> Looking at the Cisco CLI it seems to take the parameters on the
>> interface basis too. Why is the MIB not aligned to the CLI (even
>> though the authors themselves are from the company)?
>
>> Can the authors please comment on it?
>
> Please take this discussion offline. This is not appropriate for the list.
>
> Thanks
> Nitin
>

From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Tue Nov 10 13:44:08 2009
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Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2009 13:44:31 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911101344s49fad341t65a4f6ed699a9c12@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: BFD MIB
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
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Hi Nitin,

I was eager to know your view about how to configure parameters in
sessions through SNMP and if you agreed having an Entity based LDP
like approach may be better.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 1:31 PM, Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi Nitin,
>
> Thanks for the comment.
>
> My point is the difference in the MIB and the way to realize the
> functionality. As an example I have taken the Cisco CLI. I am sure you
> are not against a discussion on the MIB.
>
> Thanks,
> Vishwas
>
> On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 1:22 PM, Nitin Bahadur <nitinb@juniper.net> wrote:
>>
>>> Looking at the Cisco CLI it seems to take the parameters on the
>>> interface basis too. Why is the MIB not aligned to the CLI (even
>>> though the authors themselves are from the company)?
>>
>>> Can the authors please comment on it?
>>
>> Please take this discussion offline. This is not appropriate for the list.
>>
>> Thanks
>> Nitin
>>
>

From dward@cisco.com  Tue Nov 10 16:53:18 2009
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Subject: Re: BFD MIB
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Leaving aside the questions specific to a vendor, the MIB is out of  
date after the changes to the specs following IESG review/comments and  
needs another revision.

-DWard



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Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2009 18:45:34 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911101845t2c582efcq59e76c0c972ce55b@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: BFD MIB
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: David Ward <dward@cisco.com>
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Hi David,

Thanks. I think some of the comments on the list earlier have also not
been incorporated either. As the MIB has expired I am not sure if the
authors need help closing the MIB. Do let me know if you need help
closing the document?

Thanks again,
Vishwas

On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 4:53 PM, David Ward <dward@cisco.com> wrote:
> Leaving aside the questions specific to a vendor, the MIB is out of date
> after the changes to the specs following IESG review/comments and needs
> another revision.
>
> -DWard
>
>
>

From manav.bhatia@alcatel-lucent.com  Wed Nov 11 02:52:12 2009
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From: "Bhatia, Manav (Manav)" <manav.bhatia@alcatel-lucent.com>
To: "rtg-bfd@ietf.org" <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2009 16:22:35 +0530
Subject: BFD Generic Cryptographic Authentication
Thread-Topic: BFD Generic Cryptographic Authentication
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Hi,

We have posted the updated version of "BFD Generic Cryptographic Authentica=
tion" and its available online.

http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-bhatia-bfd-crypto-auth-01.txt

Abstract=20
   =20
This document proposes an extension for Bidirectional Forwarding Detection =
(BFD) to allow the use of any cryptographic authentication algorithm in add=
ition to the already documented authentication schemes, described in the ba=
se specification.  =20
       =20
Although this document has been written specifically to introduce two new A=
uthentication types it describes how BFD can use National Institute of Stan=
dards and Technology (NIST) Secure Hash Standard family of algorithms (SHS)=
 to authenticate the control packets, the method described in this document=
 is generic and can be used to extend BFD to support any cryptographic hash=
 function in the future.=20

Cheers, Manav

--
Manav Bhatia,
IP Division, Alcatel-Lucent,
Bangalore - India

 =

From tnadeau@lucidvision.com  Wed Nov 11 04:06:17 2009
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From: Thomas Nadeau <tnadeau@lucidvision.com>
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	Thanks for the offer, but we have updated the document but =
missed the update deadline.=20

	--Tom


> Hi David,
>=20
> Thanks. I think some of the comments on the list earlier have also not
> been incorporated either. As the MIB has expired I am not sure if the
> authors need help closing the MIB. Do let me know if you need help
> closing the document?
>=20
> Thanks again,
> Vishwas
>=20
> On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 4:53 PM, David Ward <dward@cisco.com> wrote:
>> Leaving aside the questions specific to a vendor, the MIB is out of =
date
>> after the changes to the specs following IESG review/comments and =
needs
>> another revision.
>>=20
>> -DWard
>>=20
>>=20
>>=20
>=20


From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Wed Nov 11 08:29:15 2009
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Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2009 08:29:37 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911110829s27419995hd6032b8e00a8dfd7@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: BFD MIB
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: Thomas Nadeau <tnadeau@lucidvision.com>
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Hi Tom,

Thats great.

Do you have any comments on the questions I have raised? What about
the other comments discussed on the list, have they been looked into?

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Wed, Nov 11, 2009 at 4:06 AM, Thomas Nadeau <tnadeau@lucidvision.com> wr=
ote:
>
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0Thanks for the offer, but we have updated the document but=
 missed the update deadline.
>
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0--Tom
>
>
>> Hi David,
>>
>> Thanks. I think some of the comments on the list earlier have also not
>> been incorporated either. As the MIB has expired I am not sure if the
>> authors need help closing the MIB. Do let me know if you need help
>> closing the document?
>>
>> Thanks again,
>> Vishwas
>>
>> On Tue, Nov 10, 2009 at 4:53 PM, David Ward <dward@cisco.com> wrote:
>>> Leaving aside the questions specific to a vendor, the MIB is out of dat=
e
>>> after the changes to the specs following IESG review/comments and needs
>>> another revision.
>>>
>>> -DWard
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>
>

From pekkas@netcore.fi  Wed Nov 11 23:26:14 2009
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Date: Thu, 12 Nov 2009 09:26:08 +0200 (EET)
From: Pekka Savola <pekkas@netcore.fi>
To: Thomas Nadeau <tnadeau@lucidvision.com>
Subject: Re: BFD MIB
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On Wed, 11 Nov 2009, Thomas Nadeau wrote:
> 	Thanks for the offer, but we have updated the document but 
> missed the update deadline.

I bet you'll be glad to hear that the floodgates are already open! :-)

-- 
Pekka Savola                 "You each name yourselves king, yet the
Netcore Oy                    kingdom bleeds."
Systems. Networks. Security. -- George R.R. Martin: A Clash of Kings

From gauravh278@yahoo.co.in  Thu Nov 12 23:29:53 2009
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Date: Fri, 13 Nov 2009 13:00:16 +0530 (IST)
From: GAURAV HALWASIA <gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>
Subject: Few Queries regarding BFD
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Hello Experts,=0A=0AI will be working on implemmenting BFD in out protocol =
stack and due to that trying to understand the in/out of this protocol. I h=
ave couple of doubts regarding this protocol and need the help of you guys =
to help me out.=0A=0A1. Should we (as BFD application) be getting the sessi=
on parameters like Neighbour address (either Ipv4 and Ipv6),=A0Timers (Desi=
red Min TX Interval, Required Min RX Interval and Required Min Echo RX Inte=
rval in case Echo mode is supported), Ipv4/IPv6 encapsulation information, =
Active/Passive information etc from the BFD client/application like OSPF/BG=
P etc. Any clarity would be helpful.=0A=0A2. I am not very much clear that =
how BFD application will decide whether this going to be session will be si=
ngle hop or multi hop. Will the BFD application/client provide this informa=
tion to BFD or will the BFD application should be able to find out the same=
 consulting the routing module.=0A=0A3. In BFD base draft I read the follow=
ing =0A=A0 " Since multiple BFD sessions may be running between two systems=
, there=0A=A0=A0 needs to be a mechanism for demultiplexing received BFD pa=
ckets to the proper session. "=0A=A0=A0 =0A=A0=A0 I am really not clear how=
 the multiple BFD session can exist in between the two boxes.? I am really =
getting =A0for this point. Please help me to understand this clearly. =0A=
=A0=A0=A0 =0AYour inputs and help will be highly appreciated. A big thanks =
in advance.=0A=0ARegards,=0AGaurav Halwasia=0A=0A=0A      The INTERNET now =
has a personality. YOURS! See your Yahoo! Homepage. http://in.yahoo.com/
--0-1589491236-1258097416=:77361
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<html><head><style type=3D"text/css"><!-- DIV {margin:0px;} --></style></he=
ad><body><div style=3D"font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:1=
2pt"><DIV>Hello Experts,</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>I will be working=
 on implemmenting BFD in out protocol stack and due to that trying to under=
stand the in/out of this protocol. I have couple of doubts regarding this p=
rotocol and need the help of you guys to help me out.</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</=
DIV>=0A<DIV>1. Should we (as BFD application) be getting the session parame=
ters like Neighbour address (either Ipv4 and Ipv6),&nbsp;Timers (Desired Mi=
n TX Interval, Required Min RX Interval and Required Min Echo RX Interval i=
n case Echo mode is supported), Ipv4/IPv6 encapsulation information, Active=
/Passive information etc from the BFD client/application like OSPF/BGP etc.=
 Any clarity would be helpful.</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>2. I am not=
 very much clear that how BFD application will decide whether this going to=
 be session will be single hop or multi hop. Will the BFD application/clien=
t provide this information to BFD or will the BFD application should be abl=
e to find out the same consulting the routing module.</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</=
DIV>=0A<DIV>3. In BFD base draft I read the following <BR>&nbsp; " Since mu=
ltiple BFD sessions may be running between two systems, there<BR>&nbsp;&nbs=
p; needs to be a mechanism for demultiplexing received BFD packets to the p=
roper session. "<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; I am really not clear how=
 the multiple BFD session can exist in between the two boxes.? I am really =
getting &nbsp;for this point. Please help me to understand this clearly. <B=
R>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </DIV>=0A<DIV>Your inputs and help will be highly appr=
eciated. A big thanks in advance.</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>Regards,=
<BR>Gaurav Halwasia</DIV></div><br>=0A=0A=0A=0A      <!--1--><hr size=3D1><=
/hr> =0AThe INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! <a href=3D"http://in.rd.=
yahoo.com/tagline_yyi_1/*http://in.yahoo.com/" target=3D"_blank">See your Y=
ahoo! Homepage</a>.</body></html>
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From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Fri Nov 13 09:35:49 2009
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Date: Fri, 13 Nov 2009 09:36:14 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911130936p3c97282as59355cd4a4ef94e1@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: Few Queries regarding BFD
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: GAURAV HALWASIA <gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>
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Hi Gaurav,

> I will be working on implemmenting BFD in out protocol stack and due to t=
hat
> trying to understand the in/out of this protocol. I have couple of doubts
> regarding this protocol and need the help of you guys to help me out.
>
> 1. Should we (as BFD application) be getting the session parameters like
> Neighbour address (either Ipv4 and Ipv6),=A0Timers (Desired Min TX Interv=
al,
> Required Min RX Interval and Required Min Echo RX Interval in case Echo m=
ode
> is supported), Ipv4/IPv6 encapsulation information, Active/Passive
> information etc from the BFD client/application like OSPF/BGP etc. Any
> clarity would be helpful.
It is dependent on the implementation.

> 2. I am not very much clear that how BFD application will decide whether
> this going to be session will be single hop or multi hop. Will the BFD
> application/client provide this information to BFD or will the BFD
> application should be able to find out the same consulting the routing
> module.
The application should know this.

> 3. In BFD base draft I read the following
> =A0 " Since multiple BFD sessions may be running between two systems, the=
re
> =A0=A0 needs to be a mechanism for demultiplexing received BFD packets to=
 the
> proper session. "
>
> =A0=A0 I am really not clear how the multiple BFD session can exist in be=
tween
> the two boxes.? I am really getting =A0for this point. Please help me to
> understand this clearly.
If for example you have multiple parallel links between a set of
routers you can have multiple parallel links and in turn sessions.

Thanks,
Vishwas
> Your inputs and help will be highly appreciated. A big thanks in advance.
>
> Regards,
> Gaurav Halwasia
> ________________________________
> The INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! See your Yahoo! Homepage.

From gauravh278@yahoo.co.in  Fri Nov 13 21:35:13 2009
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Date: Sat, 14 Nov 2009 11:05:41 +0530 (IST)
From: GAURAV HALWASIA <gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>
Subject: Re: Few Queries regarding BFD
To: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
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Hi Vishwas,=0A=0AThanks a lot for your inputs in this. Please see inline @ =
GAURAV=0A=0ARegards,=0AGaurav=0A=0A=0A=0A________________________________=
=0A=0AFrom: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>=0ATo: GAURAV HALWASIA <=
gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>=0ACc: rtg-bfd@ietf.org=0ASent: Fri, 13 November, 20=
09 9:36:14 AM=0ASubject: Re: Few Queries regarding BFD=0A=0A=0A[GAURAV] Ok.=
 Makes sense.=0A=0A> 2. I am not very much clear that how BFD application w=
ill decide whether=0A> this going to be session will be single hop or multi=
 hop. Will the BFD=0A> application/client provide this information to BFD o=
r will the BFD=0A> application should be able to find out the same consulti=
ng the routing=0A> module.=0AThe application should know this.=0A=0A[GAURAV=
] So the application (for ex OSPF) will be in position to know before hand =
itself that it's neighbour is directly connected (single hop) or multi hop.=
?? Because I think for BFD it will not be trivial to find the same(i.e sing=
le/multi hop) other than interfacing with the routing module. Further consi=
dering the short detection time which is required in this application, I al=
so personally think that if the BFD client/application can give this ready =
to use information to us, it will be good. Any thoughts ..??=0A=0A> 3. In B=
FD base draft I read the following=0A> =A0 " Since multiple BFD sessions ma=
y be running between two systems, there=0A> =A0=A0 needs to be a mechanism =
for demultiplexing received BFD packets to the=0A> proper session. "=0A>=0A=
> =A0=A0 I am really not clear how the multiple BFD session can exist in be=
tween=0A> the two boxes.? I am really getting =A0for this point. Please hel=
p me to=0A> understand this clearly.=0AIf for example you have multiple par=
allel links between a set of=0Arouters you can have multiple parallel links=
 and in turn sessions.=0A=0A[GAURAV] Ok. But Are you referring to this scen=
ario for single hop or multi hop..? is it something like we also need to ta=
ke into account the interface on the box which is getting used for the sess=
ion. Do you know any document/link which clearly explains in detail this sc=
enario..? This will be very helpful.=0A=0AOnce again. Thanks a lot for your=
 inputs and help.=0A=0AThanks,=0AVishwas=0A> Your inputs and help will be h=
ighly appreciated. A big thanks in advance.=0A>=0A> Regards,=0A> Gaurav Hal=
wasia=0A> ________________________________=0A> The INTERNET now has a perso=
nality. YOURS! See your Yahoo! Homepage.=0A=0AHi Gaurav,=0A=0A> I will be w=
orking on implemmenting BFD in out protocol stack and due to that=0A> tryin=
g to understand the in/out of this protocol. I have couple of doubts=0A> re=
garding this protocol and need the help of you guys to help me out.=0A>=0A>=
 1. Should we (as BFD application) be getting the session parameters like=
=0A> Neighbour address (either Ipv4 and Ipv6),=A0Timers (Desired Min TX Int=
erval,=0A> Required Min RX Interval and Required Min Echo RX Interval in ca=
se Echo mode=0A> is supported), Ipv4/IPv6 encapsulation information, Active=
/Passive=0A> information etc from the BFD client/application like OSPF/BGP =
etc. Any=0A> clarity would be helpful.=0AIt is dependent on the implementat=
ion.=0A=0A=0A      The INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! See your Yaho=
o! Homepage. http://in.yahoo.com/
--0-410331277-1258176941=:48324
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<html><head><style type=3D"text/css"><!-- DIV {margin:0px;} --></style></he=
ad><body><div style=3D"font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:1=
2pt"><DIV>Hi Vishwas,</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>Thanks a lot for you=
r inputs in this. Please see inline @ GAURAV</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<D=
IV>Regards,</DIV>=0A<DIV>Gaurav<BR></DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; =
FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><BR><FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2=
>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-seri=
f">=0A<HR SIZE=3D1>=0A</DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13px; FONT-FAMILY: =
arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-WEIGHT: bold">From:</S=
PAN></B> Vishwas Manral &lt;vishwas.ietf@gmail.com&gt;<BR><B><SPAN style=3D=
"FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></B> GAURAV HALWASIA &lt;gauravh278@yahoo.co.=
in&gt;<BR><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Cc:</SPAN></B> rtg-bfd@ietf.=
org<BR><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></B> Fri, 13 Novemb=
er, 2009 9:36:14 AM<BR><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN>=
</B> Re: Few Queries regarding BFD<BR></FONT><BR>Hi Gaurav,<BR><BR>&gt; I w=
ill be working on implemmenting BFD in out protocol stack and due to that<B=
R>&gt; trying to understand the in/out of this protocol. I have couple of d=
oubts<BR>&gt; regarding this protocol and need the help of you guys to help=
 me out.<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; 1. Should we (as BFD application) be getting the s=
ession parameters like<BR>&gt; Neighbour address (either Ipv4 and Ipv6),&nb=
sp;Timers (Desired Min TX
 Interval,<BR>&gt; Required Min RX Interval and Required Min Echo RX Interv=
al in case Echo mode<BR>&gt; is supported), Ipv4/IPv6 encapsulation informa=
tion, Active/Passive<BR>&gt; information etc from the BFD client/applicatio=
n like OSPF/BGP etc. Any<BR>&gt; clarity would be helpful.<BR>It is depende=
nt on the implementation.</DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13px; FONT-FAMIL=
Y: arial, helvetica, sans-serif">&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13=
px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif">[GAURAV] Ok. Makes sense.<BR=
><BR>&gt; 2. I am not very much clear that how BFD application will decide =
whether<BR>&gt; this going to be session will be single hop or multi hop. W=
ill the BFD<BR>&gt; application/client provide this information to BFD or w=
ill the BFD<BR>&gt; application should be able to find out the same consult=
ing the routing<BR>&gt; module.<BR>The application should know this.</DIV>=
=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif=
">&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helveti=
ca, sans-serif">[GAURAV] So the application (for ex OSPF) will be in positi=
on to know before hand itself that it's neighbour is directly connected (si=
ngle hop) or multi hop.?? Because I think for BFD it will not be trivial to=
 find the same(i.e single/multi hop) other than interfacing with the routin=
g module. Further considering the short detection time which is required in=
 this application, I also personally think that if the BFD client/applicati=
on can give this ready to use information to us, it will be good. Any thoug=
hts ..??<BR><BR>&gt; 3. In BFD base draft I read the following<BR>&gt; &nbs=
p; " Since multiple BFD sessions may be running between two systems, there<=
BR>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp; needs to be a mechanism for demultiplexing received BF=
D packets to the<BR>&gt; proper session. "<BR>&gt;<BR>&gt; &nbsp;&nbsp; I a=
m really not clear how the multiple BFD session can exist in between<BR>&gt=
; the two
 boxes.? I am really getting &nbsp;for this point. Please help me to<BR>&gt=
; understand this clearly.<BR>If for example you have multiple parallel lin=
ks between a set of<BR>routers you can have multiple parallel links and in =
turn sessions.</DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, h=
elvetica, sans-serif">&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13px; FONT-FA=
MILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif">[GAURAV] Ok. But Are you referring to t=
his scenario for single hop or multi hop..? is it something like we also ne=
ed to take into account the interface on the box which is getting used for =
the session. Do you know any document/link which clearly explains in detail=
 this scenario..? This will be very helpful.<BR></DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT=
-SIZE: 13px; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif">Once again. Thanks =
a lot for your inputs and help.</DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 13px; FONT=
-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif"><BR>Thanks,<BR>Vishwas<BR>&gt; Your =
inputs and help will be highly appreciated. A big thanks in advance.<BR>&gt=
;<BR>&gt; Regards,<BR>&gt; Gaurav Halwasia<BR>&gt; ________________________=
________<BR>&gt; The INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! See your Yahoo!=
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From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Sat Nov 14 07:33:24 2009
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Date: Sat, 14 Nov 2009 07:33:51 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911140733xc1924f8m5a9b9003b2a8c1f2@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: Few Queries regarding BFD
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: GAURAV HALWASIA <gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>
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Hi Gaurav,

>> 2. I am not very much clear that how BFD application will decide whether
>> this going to be session will be single hop or multi hop. Will the BFD
>> application/client provide this information to BFD or will the BFD
>> application should be able to find out the same consulting the routing
>> module.
> The application should know this.
>
> [GAURAV] So the application (for ex OSPF) will be in position to know bef=
ore
> hand itself that it's neighbour is directly connected (single hop) or mul=
ti
> hop.?? Because I think for BFD it will not be trivial to find the same(i.=
e
> single/multi hop) other than interfacing with the routing module. Further
> considering the short detection time which is required in this applicatio=
n,
> I also personally think that if the BFD client/application can give this
> ready to use information to us, it will be good. Any thoughts ..??
So if you are having a BFD session for directly connected OSPF
neighbors it will be single hop. The virtual links can always be
modelled as multihop.

If the application does not know it could as well ask the user input
the information.

>> 3. In BFD base draft I read the following
>> =A0 " Since multiple BFD sessions may be running between two systems, th=
ere
>> =A0=A0 needs to be a mechanism for demultiplexing received BFD packets t=
o the
>> proper session. "
>>
>> =A0=A0 I am really not clear how the multiple BFD session can exist in b=
etween
>> the two boxes.? I am really getting =A0for this point. Please help me to
>> understand this clearly.
> If for example you have multiple parallel links between a set of
> routers you can have multiple parallel links and in turn sessions.
>
> [GAURAV] Ok. But Are you referring to this scenario for single hop or mul=
ti
> hop..? is it something like we also need to take into account the interfa=
ce
> on the box which is getting used for the session. Do you know any
> document/link which clearly explains in detail this scenario..? This will=
 be
> very helpful.

Though I am referring to a single hop case the same can occur in the
multi-hop case too.

Thanks,
Vishwas

From sunilc@ipinfusion.com  Mon Nov 16 14:57:53 2009
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From: "Sunil C Gutlapalli" <sunilc@ipinfusion.com>
To: <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>
Subject: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP
Date: Mon, 16 Nov 2009 14:59:09 -0800
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Hi

 

I have some question on BFD for MPLS LSP's

 

1.	MPLS LSP's are uni-directional and BFD sessions are for
Bi-directional failure detection. If we have an LSP from Ingress to Egress,
BFD control packets are sent to UDP port 3784 (BFD single hop session port)
from ingress to egress. Control packets from Egress to ingress are sent to
UDP port 4784 (multi hop session port). So does the session is single hop
session or multi hop session? What is the session behavior in ingress and
egress? 
2.	If LSP takes path1 from ingress to egress and the shortest path from
egress to ingress is path2, control packets takes different paths, if path2
fails then BFD session goes down. But LSP path is still up. How this case
will be handled? 
3.	If we have LSP from Ingress to egress and another LSP from egress to
ingress, do we need to create two BFD sessions or one session? 

If both LSP's take same path, then link failure causes both LSP's down, but
if they take different paths, one link failure causes both LSP's down.

 

Sunil

 

 


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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Hi<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>I have some question on BFD for MPLS =
LSP&#8217;s<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<ol style=3D'margin-top:0in' start=3D1 type=3D1>
 <li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3'><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
     style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>MPLS LSP&#8217;s are
     uni-directional and BFD sessions are for Bi-directional failure =
detection.
     If we have an LSP from Ingress to Egress, BFD control packets are =
sent to
     UDP port 3784 (BFD single hop session port) from ingress to egress.
     Control packets from Egress to ingress are sent to UDP port 4784 =
(multi
     hop session port). So does the session is single hop session or =
multi hop
     session? What is the session behavior in ingress and =
egress?</span></font>
     <font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></l=
i>
 <li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3'><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
     style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>If LSP takes path1 =
from ingress
     to egress and the shortest path from egress to ingress is path2, =
control
     packets takes different paths, if path2 fails then BFD session goes =
down.
     But LSP path is still up. How this case will be =
handled?</span></font> <font
     size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></l=
i>
 <li class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'mso-list:l0 level1 lfo3'><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
     style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>If we have LSP from =
Ingress to
     egress and another LSP from egress to ingress, do we need to create =
two
     BFD sessions or one session?</span></font> <font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
     =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></font></l=
i>
</ol>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-left:.5in'><font size=3D2 =
face=3DArial><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>If both LSP&#8217;s take =
same path,
then link failure causes both LSP&#8217;s down, but if they take =
different
paths, one link failure causes both LSP&#8217;s =
down.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'>Sunil<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
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From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Mon Nov 16 15:38:28 2009
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Date: Mon, 16 Nov 2009 15:38:22 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911161538t5a835348wd50cb9b8ecbf76e0@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: Sunil C Gutlapalli <sunilc@ipinfusion.com>
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Hi Sunil,

Thanks for the detailed mail.

> MPLS LSP=92s are uni-directional and BFD sessions are for Bi-directional
> failure detection. If we have an LSP from Ingress to Egress, BFD control
> packets are sent to UDP port 3784 (BFD single hop session port) from ingr=
ess
> to egress. Control packets from Egress to ingress are sent to UDP port 47=
84
> (multi hop session port). So does the session is single hop session or mu=
lti
> hop session? What is the session behavior in ingress and egress?
Sunil with MPLS LSP's they have made special kinds of sessions which
can be multihop in one direction and single hop in the other. There
however was no requirement to model it that way, we could as well have
used multhop in both directions.

> If LSP takes path1 from ingress to egress and the shortest path from egre=
ss
> to ingress is path2, control packets takes different paths, if path2 fail=
s
> then BFD session goes down. But LSP path is still up. How this case will =
be
> handled?
BFD is better suited for bidirectional LSP's than unidirectional ones.
In case BFD session goes down the LSP is assumed to be down, even
though the backward path may have gone down.

> If we have LSP from Ingress to egress and another LSP from egress to
> ingress, do we need to create two BFD sessions or one session?
We could as well use one session if the two sessions are bound togather in =
BFD.

> If both LSP=92s take same path, then link failure causes both LSP=92s dow=
n, but
> if they take different paths, one link failure causes both LSP=92s down.
That is correct.

> Sunil
Thanks,
Vishwas
>
>
>

From mach@huawei.com  Tue Nov 17 01:06:31 2009
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Date: Tue, 17 Nov 2009 17:06:26 +0800
From: Mach Chen <mach@huawei.com>
Subject: Re: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP
In-reply-to: <992EE5136CC94CF9A118433E3ABBAE9E@sunilcgx620>
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Hi Sunil,

Regarding to your questions, especially for the question 2 and 3,  we also 
had the same doubts couple months ago.

Since the reverse direction of a "BFD for MPLS LSPs" sesssion follows 
routing and the return path is "randomly" detetermined by the egress LSR, 
the failures in return path may lead to false positives.

In addition to that, for bidirectional LSP or a pair of unidirectional LSP, 
there will be two separate BFD sessions( one for each direction) 
established, and these two BFD sessions have no any inherent relationship, 
it will result in not double the BFD sessions over the LSP, but failing to 
perform protection and switching when the bidirectional LSP or the pair of 
undirectional LSPs are desired to operated as a single entity.

We submitted a draft that is intended to reslove these issues/limitation. 
This draft was just presented at MPLS WG, Hiroshima.


Any comments and sugguestions are appreciated!


PS:

The links:

Slides:
http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/76/slides/mpls-2.ppt

Draft:
http://tools.ietf.org/html?draft=draft-chen-mpls-bfd-enhancement-00


Best regards,
Mach

--------------------------------------------------
From: "Sunil C Gutlapalli" <sunilc@ipinfusion.com>
Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 6:59 AM
To: <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>
Subject: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP

> Hi
>
>
>
> I have some question on BFD for MPLS LSP's
>
>
>
> 1. MPLS LSP's are uni-directional and BFD sessions are for
> Bi-directional failure detection. If we have an LSP from Ingress to 
> Egress,
> BFD control packets are sent to UDP port 3784 (BFD single hop session 
> port)
> from ingress to egress. Control packets from Egress to ingress are sent to
> UDP port 4784 (multi hop session port). So does the session is single hop
> session or multi hop session? What is the session behavior in ingress and
> egress?
> 2. If LSP takes path1 from ingress to egress and the shortest path from
> egress to ingress is path2, control packets takes different paths, if 
> path2
> fails then BFD session goes down. But LSP path is still up. How this case
> will be handled?
> 3. If we have LSP from Ingress to egress and another LSP from egress to
> ingress, do we need to create two BFD sessions or one session?
>
> If both LSP's take same path, then link failure causes both LSP's down, 
> but
> if they take different paths, one link failure causes both LSP's down.
>
>
>
> Sunil
>
>
>
>
>
> 

From mahesh.akula@wipro.com  Tue Nov 17 07:37:36 2009
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Subject: BFD VCCV!!
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Hi All,
=20
Once the PW is operational and VCCV-BFD session is established between
the PW peers (after they exchanged the BFD VCCV capabilty), can this BFD
session be brought down administratively without bringing
down/re-signaling the PW?
=20
If i'm correct, I think the same can be done using "Administratively
Down" Diag code in case of other BFD applications like OSPF.=20
=20
But in case of BFD VCCV, as per the below text in
draft-ietf-pwe3-oam-msg-map-11 which discusses the BFD Diag codes, I
understand that "Administrative down" Diag code is used to signal to the
PW peer that the PW is brought down administratively, not for signaling
that the BFD session between PW peers is brought down.
=20
"A PE shall  use "Administrative down" to bring down the BFD session
when the PW  is brought down administratively"
=20
Thanks in Advance for any inputs,
=20
Regards,
Mahesh.
=20

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
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<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; =
charset=3Dus-ascii">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.5880" name=3DGENERATOR></HEAD>
<BODY>
<DIV dir=3Dltr align=3Dleft><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT =
face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Hi All,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Once =
the&nbsp;PW is=20
operational and VCCV-BFD session is established between the&nbsp;PW =
peers (after=20
they exchanged the BFD VCCV capabilty), can th<SPAN=20
class=3D828463315-17112009>is</SPAN><SPAN =
class=3D984503215-17112009><FONT=20
color=3D#0000ff>&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN>BFD session be brought down =
administratively=20
without bringing down/re-signaling the PW?</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>If i'm =
correct, I=20
think the same can be done using "Administratively Down" Diag code in =
case of=20
other BFD applications like OSPF. </FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009></SPAN><SPAN =
class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT=20
face=3DArial><FONT size=3D2>But in case of BFD VCCV, as per the below =
text in=20
draft-ietf-pwe3-oam-msg-map-11 which discusses the BFD Diag codes, <SPAN =

class=3D453345514-17112009>I understand that "Administrative down" Diag =
code is=20
used to signal to the PW peer that the PW is brought down =
administratively, not=20
for signaling that the BFD session&nbsp;<SPAN =
class=3D828463315-17112009>between=20
PW peers </SPAN>is brought down.</SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2><SPAN=20
class=3D453345514-17112009></SPAN></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><EM>"A PE shall&nbsp; use =
"Administrative=20
down" to bring down the BFD session when the PW&nbsp; is brought down=20
administratively"</EM></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Thanks =
in Advance=20
for any inputs,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2></FONT></SPAN>&nbsp;</DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Regards,</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><SPAN class=3D453345514-17112009><FONT face=3DArial=20
size=3D2>Mahesh.</FONT></SPAN></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2></FONT>&nbsp;</DIV></BODY></HTML>

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Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!
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Hi Mahesh,

> Once the=A0PW is operational and VCCV-BFD session is established between
> the=A0PW peers (after they exchanged the BFD VCCV capabilty), can this=A0=
BFD
> session be brought down administratively without bringing down/re-signali=
ng
> the PW?
>
> If i'm correct, I think the same can be done using "Administratively Down=
"
> Diag code in case of other BFD applications like OSPF.
That is correct Mahesh.

> But in case of BFD VCCV, as per the below text in
> draft-ietf-pwe3-oam-msg-map-11 which discusses the BFD Diag codes, I
> understand that "Administrative down" Diag code is used to signal to the =
PW
> peer that the PW is brought down administratively, not for signaling that
> the BFD session=A0between PW peers is brought down.
>
> "A PE shall=A0 use "Administrative down" to bring down the BFD session wh=
en
> the PW=A0 is brought down administratively"
I do not see a conflict here. The BFD session can be brought down
administratively. When a PW is brought down administratively, in that
case too we will use the "Admin down" diag.

What is it I am missing in the question?

Thanks,
Vishwas

From mahesh.akula@wipro.com  Tue Nov 17 08:52:09 2009
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Subject: RE: BFD VCCV!!
Date: Tue, 17 Nov 2009 22:19:23 +0530
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Hi Vishwas,

Thanks for your quick reply.

If we use "Admin Down" diag code to signal both the "PW Down" and "VCCV =
BFD Session Down" to the PW peer, what should be the action at the peer?

Should the peer just delete the BFD session and stop expecting/sending =
BFD control packets on that VC or should it assume that the VC Fib has =
been uninstalled on the other and take necessary action like =
un-installing the VC fib entry at its end too?

Thanks,
Mahesh

-----Original Message-----
From: Vishwas Manral [mailto:vishwas.ietf@gmail.com]=20
Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 9:49 PM
To: Mahesh Akula (WT01 - Telecom Equipment)
Cc: rtg-bfd@ietf.org
Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!

Hi Mahesh,

> Once the=A0PW is operational and VCCV-BFD session is established =
between=20
> the=A0PW peers (after they exchanged the BFD VCCV capabilty), can =
this=A0
> BFD session be brought down administratively without bringing=20
> down/re-signaling the PW?
>
> If i'm correct, I think the same can be done using "Administratively =
Down"
> Diag code in case of other BFD applications like OSPF.
That is correct Mahesh.

> But in case of BFD VCCV, as per the below text in
> draft-ietf-pwe3-oam-msg-map-11 which discusses the BFD Diag codes, I=20
> understand that "Administrative down" Diag code is used to signal to=20
> the PW peer that the PW is brought down administratively, not for=20
> signaling that the BFD session=A0between PW peers is brought down.
>
> "A PE shall=A0 use "Administrative down" to bring down the BFD session =

> when the PW=A0 is brought down administratively"
I do not see a conflict here. The BFD session can be brought down =
administratively. When a PW is brought down administratively, in that =
case too we will use the "Admin down" diag.

What is it I am missing in the question?

Thanks,
Vishwas

From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Tue Nov 17 09:58:02 2009
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Date: Tue, 17 Nov 2009 09:57:57 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911170957k49a5b373s87b9d54b7dbf4c04@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: mahesh.akula@wipro.com
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Hi Mahesh,

> If we use "Admin Down" diag code to signal both the "PW Down" and "VCCV B=
FD Session Down" to the PW peer, what should be the action at the peer?
>
> Should the peer just delete the BFD session and stop expecting/sending BF=
D control packets on that VC or should it assume that the VC Fib has been u=
ninstalled on the other and take necessary action like un-installing the VC=
 fib entry at its end too?
For Admin-down you will not delete the BFD session. It will still
expect BFD packets and send packets just like in the normal BFD case.

Thanks,
Vishwas

>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vishwas Manral [mailto:vishwas.ietf@gmail.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 9:49 PM
> To: Mahesh Akula (WT01 - Telecom Equipment)
> Cc: rtg-bfd@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!
>
> Hi Mahesh,
>
>> Once the=A0PW is operational and VCCV-BFD session is established between
>> the=A0PW peers (after they exchanged the BFD VCCV capabilty), can this
>> BFD session be brought down administratively without bringing
>> down/re-signaling the PW?
>>
>> If i'm correct, I think the same can be done using "Administratively Dow=
n"
>> Diag code in case of other BFD applications like OSPF.
> That is correct Mahesh.
>
>> But in case of BFD VCCV, as per the below text in
>> draft-ietf-pwe3-oam-msg-map-11 which discusses the BFD Diag codes, I
>> understand that "Administrative down" Diag code is used to signal to
>> the PW peer that the PW is brought down administratively, not for
>> signaling that the BFD session=A0between PW peers is brought down.
>>
>> "A PE shall=A0 use "Administrative down" to bring down the BFD session
>> when the PW=A0 is brought down administratively"
> I do not see a conflict here. The BFD session can be brought down adminis=
tratively. When a PW is brought down administratively, in that case too we =
will use the "Admin down" diag.
>
> What is it I am missing in the question?
>
> Thanks,
> Vishwas
>
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From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Tue Nov 17 09:59:46 2009
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Date: Tue, 17 Nov 2009 09:59:39 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911170959s4a559645h985275e769db5b4f@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: Mach Chen <mach@huawei.com>
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Hi Mach,

Though I have not yet read through the draft, it seems that the draft
could be of interest. LEt me read the draft and get back to you with
comments.

Thanks,
Vishwas

On Tue, Nov 17, 2009 at 1:06 AM, Mach Chen <mach@huawei.com> wrote:
> Hi Sunil,
>
> Regarding to your questions, especially for the question 2 and 3, =A0we a=
lso
> had the same doubts couple months ago.
>
> Since the reverse direction of a "BFD for MPLS LSPs" sesssion follows
> routing and the return path is "randomly" detetermined by the egress LSR,
> the failures in return path may lead to false positives.
>
> In addition to that, for bidirectional LSP or a pair of unidirectional LS=
P,
> there will be two separate BFD sessions( one for each direction)
> established, and these two BFD sessions have no any inherent relationship=
,
> it will result in not double the BFD sessions over the LSP, but failing t=
o
> perform protection and switching when the bidirectional LSP or the pair o=
f
> undirectional LSPs are desired to operated as a single entity.
>
> We submitted a draft that is intended to reslove these issues/limitation.
> This draft was just presented at MPLS WG, Hiroshima.
>
>
> Any comments and sugguestions are appreciated!
>
>
> PS:
>
> The links:
>
> Slides:
> http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/76/slides/mpls-2.ppt
>
> Draft:
> http://tools.ietf.org/html?draft=3Ddraft-chen-mpls-bfd-enhancement-00
>
>
> Best regards,
> Mach
>
> --------------------------------------------------
> From: "Sunil C Gutlapalli" <sunilc@ipinfusion.com>
> Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 6:59 AM
> To: <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>
> Subject: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP
>
>> Hi
>>
>>
>>
>> I have some question on BFD for MPLS LSP's
>>
>>
>>
>> 1. MPLS LSP's are uni-directional and BFD sessions are for
>> Bi-directional failure detection. If we have an LSP from Ingress to
>> Egress,
>> BFD control packets are sent to UDP port 3784 (BFD single hop session
>> port)
>> from ingress to egress. Control packets from Egress to ingress are sent =
to
>> UDP port 4784 (multi hop session port). So does the session is single ho=
p
>> session or multi hop session? What is the session behavior in ingress an=
d
>> egress?
>> 2. If LSP takes path1 from ingress to egress and the shortest path from
>> egress to ingress is path2, control packets takes different paths, if
>> path2
>> fails then BFD session goes down. But LSP path is still up. How this cas=
e
>> will be handled?
>> 3. If we have LSP from Ingress to egress and another LSP from egress to
>> ingress, do we need to create two BFD sessions or one session?
>>
>> If both LSP's take same path, then link failure causes both LSP's down,
>> but
>> if they take different paths, one link failure causes both LSP's down.
>>
>>
>>
>> Sunil
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>

From mahesh.akula@wipro.com  Wed Nov 18 00:24:12 2009
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Subject: RE: BFD VCCV!!
Date: Wed, 18 Nov 2009 13:51:36 +0530
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From: <mahesh.akula@wipro.com>
To: <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
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Hi Vishwas,

Thanks for correcting me.=20

I'll rephrase my question then,

On receiving "Admin Down" Diag code from the peer, should the node just =
stop expecting the BFD control packets from the peer on that VC (or) =
should it assume that the PW is down at the other end and take necessary =
action, may be bring down the PW at its end too.

I think if PW is down at the peer end, there is no point in sending BFD =
control packets on that VC any more right?

Thanks for your inputs and time.

Regards,
Mahesh

-----Original Message-----
From: Vishwas Manral [mailto:vishwas.ietf@gmail.com]=20
Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 11:28 PM
To: Mahesh Akula (WT01 - Telecom Equipment)
Cc: rtg-bfd@ietf.org
Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!

Hi Mahesh,

> If we use "Admin Down" diag code to signal both the "PW Down" and =
"VCCV BFD Session Down" to the PW peer, what should be the action at the =
peer?
>
> Should the peer just delete the BFD session and stop expecting/sending =
BFD control packets on that VC or should it assume that the VC Fib has =
been uninstalled on the other and take necessary action like =
un-installing the VC fib entry at its end too?
For Admin-down you will not delete the BFD session. It will still expect =
BFD packets and send packets just like in the normal BFD case.

Thanks,
Vishwas

>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vishwas Manral [mailto:vishwas.ietf@gmail.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 9:49 PM
> To: Mahesh Akula (WT01 - Telecom Equipment)
> Cc: rtg-bfd@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!
>
> Hi Mahesh,
>
>> Once the=A0PW is operational and VCCV-BFD session is established=20
>> between the=A0PW peers (after they exchanged the BFD VCCV capabilty), =

>> can this BFD session be brought down administratively without=20
>> bringing down/re-signaling the PW?
>>
>> If i'm correct, I think the same can be done using "Administratively =
Down"
>> Diag code in case of other BFD applications like OSPF.
> That is correct Mahesh.
>
>> But in case of BFD VCCV, as per the below text in
>> draft-ietf-pwe3-oam-msg-map-11 which discusses the BFD Diag codes, I=20
>> understand that "Administrative down" Diag code is used to signal to=20
>> the PW peer that the PW is brought down administratively, not for=20
>> signaling that the BFD session=A0between PW peers is brought down.
>>
>> "A PE shall=A0 use "Administrative down" to bring down the BFD =
session=20
>> when the PW=A0 is brought down administratively"
> I do not see a conflict here. The BFD session can be brought down =
administratively. When a PW is brought down administratively, in that =
case too we will use the "Admin down" diag.
>
> What is it I am missing in the question?
>
> Thanks,
> Vishwas
>
> Please do not print this email unless it is absolutely necessary.
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The company accepts no liability for any damage caused by any virus =
transmitted by this email.
>
> www.wipro.com
>

From vishwas.ietf@gmail.com  Wed Nov 18 08:11:59 2009
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Date: Wed, 18 Nov 2009 08:11:19 -0800
Message-ID: <77ead0ec0911180811m7d4a7f78h7cc0882313a4aea3@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!
From: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
To: mahesh.akula@wipro.com
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HI Mahesh,

> On receiving "Admin Down" Diag code from the peer, should the node just s=
top expecting the BFD control packets from the peer on that VC (or) should =
it assume that the PW is down at the other end and take necessary action, m=
ay be bring down the PW at its end too.
>
> I think if PW is down at the peer end, there is no point in sending BFD c=
ontrol packets on that VC any more right?
As the diganostics code is used for different scenarios we will send
the BFD packets till the VC is removed from the local end. This will
take care of the case where its just that BFD is brought down
Administratively.

Thanks,
Vishwas

>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Vishwas Manral [mailto:vishwas.ietf@gmail.com]
> Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 11:28 PM
> To: Mahesh Akula (WT01 - Telecom Equipment)
> Cc: rtg-bfd@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!
>
> Hi Mahesh,
>
>> If we use "Admin Down" diag code to signal both the "PW Down" and "VCCV =
BFD Session Down" to the PW peer, what should be the action at the peer?
>>
>> Should the peer just delete the BFD session and stop expecting/sending B=
FD control packets on that VC or should it assume that the VC Fib has been =
uninstalled on the other and take necessary action like un-installing the V=
C fib entry at its end too?
> For Admin-down you will not delete the BFD session. It will still expect =
BFD packets and send packets just like in the normal BFD case.
>
> Thanks,
> Vishwas
>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Vishwas Manral [mailto:vishwas.ietf@gmail.com]
>> Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 9:49 PM
>> To: Mahesh Akula (WT01 - Telecom Equipment)
>> Cc: rtg-bfd@ietf.org
>> Subject: Re: BFD VCCV!!
>>
>> Hi Mahesh,
>>
>>> Once the=A0PW is operational and VCCV-BFD session is established
>>> between the=A0PW peers (after they exchanged the BFD VCCV capabilty),
>>> can this BFD session be brought down administratively without
>>> bringing down/re-signaling the PW?
>>>
>>> If i'm correct, I think the same can be done using "Administratively Do=
wn"
>>> Diag code in case of other BFD applications like OSPF.
>> That is correct Mahesh.
>>
>>> But in case of BFD VCCV, as per the below text in
>>> draft-ietf-pwe3-oam-msg-map-11 which discusses the BFD Diag codes, I
>>> understand that "Administrative down" Diag code is used to signal to
>>> the PW peer that the PW is brought down administratively, not for
>>> signaling that the BFD session=A0between PW peers is brought down.
>>>
>>> "A PE shall=A0 use "Administrative down" to bring down the BFD session
>>> when the PW=A0 is brought down administratively"
>> I do not see a conflict here. The BFD session can be brought down admini=
stratively. When a PW is brought down administratively, in that case too we=
 will use the "Admin down" diag.
>>
>> What is it I am missing in the question?
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Vishwas
>>
>> Please do not print this email unless it is absolutely necessary.
>>
>> The information contained in this electronic message and any attachments=
 to this message are intended for the exclusive use of the addressee(s) and=
 may contain proprietary, confidential or privileged information. If you ar=
e not the intended recipient, you should not disseminate, distribute or cop=
y this e-mail. Please notify the sender immediately and destroy all copies =
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>>
>> WARNING: Computer viruses can be transmitted via email. The recipient sh=
ould check this email and any attachments for the presence of viruses. The =
company accepts no liability for any damage caused by any virus transmitted=
 by this email.
>>
>> www.wipro.com
>>
>
> Please do not print this email unless it is absolutely necessary.
>
> The information contained in this electronic message and any attachments =
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>
> www.wipro.com
>

From mach@huawei.com  Wed Nov 18 16:51:40 2009
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Date: Thu, 19 Nov 2009 08:51:27 +0800
From: Mach Chen <mach@huawei.com>
Subject: Re: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP
In-reply-to: <77ead0ec0911170959s4a559645h985275e769db5b4f@mail.gmail.com>
To: Vishwas Manral <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
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Hi Vishwas,

Looking forward to receive you comments!

Thanks,
Mach

--------------------------------------------------
From: "Vishwas Manral" <vishwas.ietf@gmail.com>
Sent: Wednesday, November 18, 2009 1:59 AM
To: "Mach Chen" <mach@huawei.com>
Cc: "Sunil C Gutlapalli" <sunilc@ipinfusion.com>; <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>; "So 
Ning" <ning.so@verizonbusiness.com>
Subject: Re: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP

> Hi Mach,
>
> Though I have not yet read through the draft, it seems that the draft
> could be of interest. LEt me read the draft and get back to you with
> comments.
>
> Thanks,
> Vishwas
>
> On Tue, Nov 17, 2009 at 1:06 AM, Mach Chen <mach@huawei.com> wrote:
>> Hi Sunil,
>>
>> Regarding to your questions, especially for the question 2 and 3,  we 
>> also
>> had the same doubts couple months ago.
>>
>> Since the reverse direction of a "BFD for MPLS LSPs" sesssion follows
>> routing and the return path is "randomly" detetermined by the egress LSR,
>> the failures in return path may lead to false positives.
>>
>> In addition to that, for bidirectional LSP or a pair of unidirectional 
>> LSP,
>> there will be two separate BFD sessions( one for each direction)
>> established, and these two BFD sessions have no any inherent 
>> relationship,
>> it will result in not double the BFD sessions over the LSP, but failing 
>> to
>> perform protection and switching when the bidirectional LSP or the pair 
>> of
>> undirectional LSPs are desired to operated as a single entity.
>>
>> We submitted a draft that is intended to reslove these issues/limitation.
>> This draft was just presented at MPLS WG, Hiroshima.
>>
>>
>> Any comments and sugguestions are appreciated!
>>
>>
>> PS:
>>
>> The links:
>>
>> Slides:
>> http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/76/slides/mpls-2.ppt
>>
>> Draft:
>> http://tools.ietf.org/html?draft=draft-chen-mpls-bfd-enhancement-00
>>
>>
>> Best regards,
>> Mach
>>
>> --------------------------------------------------
>> From: "Sunil C Gutlapalli" <sunilc@ipinfusion.com>
>> Sent: Tuesday, November 17, 2009 6:59 AM
>> To: <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>
>> Subject: Questions on BFD for MPLS LSP
>>
>>> Hi
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> I have some question on BFD for MPLS LSP's
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> 1. MPLS LSP's are uni-directional and BFD sessions are for
>>> Bi-directional failure detection. If we have an LSP from Ingress to
>>> Egress,
>>> BFD control packets are sent to UDP port 3784 (BFD single hop session
>>> port)
>>> from ingress to egress. Control packets from Egress to ingress are sent 
>>> to
>>> UDP port 4784 (multi hop session port). So does the session is single 
>>> hop
>>> session or multi hop session? What is the session behavior in ingress 
>>> and
>>> egress?
>>> 2. If LSP takes path1 from ingress to egress and the shortest path from
>>> egress to ingress is path2, control packets takes different paths, if
>>> path2
>>> fails then BFD session goes down. But LSP path is still up. How this 
>>> case
>>> will be handled?
>>> 3. If we have LSP from Ingress to egress and another LSP from egress to
>>> ingress, do we need to create two BFD sessions or one session?
>>>
>>> If both LSP's take same path, then link failure causes both LSP's down,
>>> but
>>> if they take different paths, one link failure causes both LSP's down.
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> Sunil
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>> 

From gauravh278@yahoo.co.in  Wed Nov 25 19:57:28 2009
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Date: Thu, 26 Nov 2009 09:27:17 +0530 (IST)
From: GAURAV HALWASIA <gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>
Subject: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode
To: BFD <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>
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Hi,=0AI have few doubts regarding the BFD Echo mode.=0AIn case we have esta=
blished BFD session in between A & B (A--------B) and have enabled Echo mod=
e on A. System B must have indicated to A that it can loop back the echo pa=
ckets through the use of some non zero Echo Rx intervel (X milli seconds) i=
n any control packets towards System A. =0AA. Now will A send some "Stream =
of BFD Echo packets" per X milli seconds towards B or will A send only "sin=
gle BFD Echo packet" per X milli seconds. Further, In any case, what the de=
tection time will be in case of detecting failure through Echo Mode. I unde=
rstand that braft says clearly that it's outside it's scope but still any p=
ointer and sugession regarding the possible approach =A0will be helpful.=0A=
B. Further, till when these BFD Echo packets will be transmitted.?=0AC. Bas=
e draft says that a seperate UDP port will be used for Echo mode. i.e 3785.=
 I assume that this UDP port will be opened on the system where the Echo pa=
ckets has to be received back after getting loopbacked from the remote end =
(i.e on the system where the echo mode is getting used for detectinf failur=
e). Is my understanding correct..?=0A=0AAs always, any help will be highly =
appreciated.=0A=A0=0AThanks & Regards,=0AGaurav=0A=0A=0A      The INTERNET =
now has a personality. YOURS! See your Yahoo! Homepage. http://in.yahoo.com=
/
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<html><head><style type=3D"text/css"><!-- DIV {margin:0px;} --></style></he=
ad><body><div style=3D"font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:1=
2pt"><DIV>Hi,</DIV>=0A<DIV>I have few doubts regarding the BFD Echo mode.</=
DIV>=0A<DIV>In case we have established BFD session in between A &amp; B (A=
--------B) and have enabled Echo mode on A. System B must have indicated to=
 A that it can loop back the echo packets through the use of some non zero =
Echo Rx intervel (X milli seconds) in any control packets towards System A.=
 <BR>A. Now will A send some "Stream of BFD Echo packets" per X milli secon=
ds towards B or will A send only "single BFD Echo packet" per X milli secon=
ds. Further, In any case, what the detection time will be in case of detect=
ing failure through Echo Mode. I understand that braft says clearly that it=
's outside it's scope but still any pointer and sugession regarding the pos=
sible approach &nbsp;will be helpful.</DIV>=0A<DIV>B. Further, till when th=
ese BFD Echo packets will be transmitted.?</DIV>=0A<DIV>C. Base draft says =
that a seperate UDP port will be used for Echo mode. i.e 3785. I assume tha=
t this UDP port will be opened on the system where the Echo packets has to =
be received back after getting loopbacked from the remote end (i.e on the s=
ystem where the echo mode is getting used for detectinf failure). Is my und=
erstanding correct..?</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>As always, any help =
will be highly appreciated.<BR>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>Thanks &amp; Regards,<BR=
>Gaurav</DIV></div><br>=0A=0A=0A=0A      <!--1--><hr size=3D1></hr> =0AThe =
INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! <a href=3D"http://in.rd.yahoo.com/ta=
gline_yyi_1/*http://in.yahoo.com/" target=3D"_blank">See your Yahoo! Homepa=
ge</a>.</body></html>
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From: Dave Katz <dkatz@juniper.net>
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Subject: Re: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode
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On Nov 25, 2009, at 7:57 PM, GAURAV HALWASIA wrote:

> Hi,
> I have few doubts regarding the BFD Echo mode.
> In case we have established BFD session in between A & B (A-------- 
> B) and have enabled Echo mode on A. System B must have indicated to  
> A that it can loop back the echo packets through the use of some non  
> zero Echo Rx intervel (X milli seconds) in any control packets  
> towards System A.
> A. Now will A send some "Stream of BFD Echo packets" per X milli  
> seconds towards B or will A send only "single BFD Echo packet" per X  
> milli seconds. Further, In any case, what the detection time will be  
> in case of detecting failure through Echo Mode. I understand that  
> braft says clearly that it's outside it's scope but still any  
> pointer and sugession regarding the possible approach  will be  
> helpful.

It's whatever you want to do.  The echo protocol is completely  
proprietary.  If you're not sure what you want to do with it, you  
probably don't want to use it.

> B. Further, till when these BFD Echo packets will be transmitted.?

Until the session fails, or you decide not to.  Some aspects of this  
are in scope (and in the spec.)

> C. Base draft says that a seperate UDP port will be used for Echo  
> mode. i.e 3785. I assume that this UDP port will be opened on the  
> system where the Echo packets has to be received back after getting  
> loopbacked from the remote end (i.e on the system where the echo  
> mode is getting used for detectinf failure). Is my understanding  
> correct..?

Well, that's the only system that is actually looking at the packets,  
so it would make sense.

--Dave


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<html><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><br><div><div>On Nov 25, 2009, =
at 7:57 PM, GAURAV HALWASIA wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><span =
class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: separate; color: =
rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; font-style: =
normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: =
normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: =
0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: =
0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; "><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">Hi,</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">I have few =
doubts regarding the BFD Echo mode.</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">In case we =
have established BFD session in between A &amp; B (A--------B) and have =
enabled Echo mode on A. System B must have indicated to A that it can =
loop back the echo packets through the use of some non zero Echo Rx =
intervel (X milli seconds) in any control packets towards System A.<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><br>A. Now will A send some =
"Stream of BFD Echo packets" per X milli seconds towards B or will A =
send only "single BFD Echo packet" per X milli seconds. Further, In any =
case, what the detection time will be in case of detecting failure =
through Echo Mode. I understand that braft says clearly that it's =
outside it's scope but still any pointer and sugession regarding the =
possible approach &nbsp;will be =
helpful.</div></div></div></span></blockquote><div><br></div>It's =
whatever you want to do. &nbsp;The echo protocol is completely =
proprietary. &nbsp;If you're not sure what you want to do with it, you =
probably don't want to use it.</div><div><br><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: =
medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; "><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">B. Further, till when these BFD Echo packets will be =
transmitted.?</div></div></div></span></blockquote><div><br></div>Until =
the session fails, or you decide not to. &nbsp;Some aspects of this are =
in scope (and in the spec.)</div><div><br></div><div><blockquote =
type=3D"cite"><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" style=3D"border-collapse: =
separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: =
medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: =
auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: =
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; "><div><div style=3D"margin-top: =
0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; =
font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; "><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; ">C. Base draft says that a seperate UDP port will be =
used for Echo mode. i.e 3785. I assume that this UDP port will be opened =
on the system where the Echo packets has to be received back after =
getting loopbacked from the remote end (i.e on the system where the echo =
mode is getting used for detectinf failure). Is my understanding =
correct..?</div></div></div></span></blockquote><div><br></div>Well, =
that's the only system that is actually looking at the packets, so it =
would make =
sense.</div><div><br></div><div>--Dave</div><div><br></div></body></html>=

--Apple-Mail-1--367337387--

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Date: Fri, 27 Nov 2009 09:38:34 +0530 (IST)
From: GAURAV HALWASIA <gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>
Subject: Re: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode
To: Dave Katz <dkatz@juniper.net>
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Hi Dave,=0A=0AThanks a lot for your inputs. I have one more query.=0A=0AAs =
per the snip from the draft =0A=0A"Required Min Echo RX Interval=0A=0A=A0=
=A0=A0=A0=A0 This is the minimum interval, in microseconds, between receive=
d=0A=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 BFD Echo packets that this system is capable of support=
ing, less=0A=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 any jitter applied by the sender (see section 6=
.8.9).=A0 If this=0A=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 value is zero, the transmitting system =
does not support the=0A=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 receipt of BFD Echo packets."=0A=0AS=
o is this interval talking about the interval inbetween the individual Echo=
 Packets or is it the interval inbetween the stream of "Echo Packets". To m=
e it looks like this is the interval in between the individual "Echo Packet=
s".?=0AYour inputs/comments will be very useful and highly appreciated.=0A=
=0AWith Best Regards,=0AGaurav=0A=0A=0A=0A=0A______________________________=
__=0AFrom: Dave Katz <dkatz@juniper.net>=0ATo: GAURAV HALWASIA <gauravh278@=
yahoo.co.in>=0ACc: BFD <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>; Amitesh Shukla <amitesh.shukla@g=
mail.com>=0ASent: Fri, 27 November, 2009 12:00:20 AM=0ASubject: Re: Query R=
egarding BFD Echo Mode=0A=0A=0A=0AOn Nov 25, 2009, at 7:57 PM, GAURAV HALWA=
SIA wrote:=0A=0AHi,=0A>I have few doubts regarding the BFD Echo mode.=0A>In=
 case we have established BFD session in between A & B (A--------B) and hav=
e enabled Echo mode on A. System B must have indicated to A that it can loo=
p back the echo packets through the use of some non zero Echo Rx intervel (=
X milli seconds) in any control packets towards System A.=A0=0A>A. Now will=
 A send some "Stream of BFD Echo packets" per X milli seconds towards B or =
will A send only "single BFD Echo packet" per X milli seconds. Further, In =
any case, what the detection time will be in case of detecting failure thro=
ugh Echo Mode. I understand that braft says clearly that it's outside it's =
scope but still any pointer and sugession regarding the possible approach =
=A0will be helpful.=0AIt's whatever you want to do. =A0The echo protocol is=
 completely proprietary. =A0If you're not sure what you want to do with it,=
 you probably don't want to use it.=0A=0A=0AB. Further, till when these BFD=
 Echo packets will be transmitted.?=0AUntil the session fails, or you decid=
e not to. =A0Some aspects of this are in scope (and in the spec.)=0A=0AC. B=
ase draft says that a seperate UDP port will be used for Echo mode. i.e 378=
5. I assume that this UDP port will be opened on the system where the Echo =
packets has to be received back after getting loopbacked from the remote en=
d (i.e on the system where the echo mode is getting used for detectinf fail=
ure). Is my understanding correct..?=0AWell, that's the only system that is=
 actually looking at the packets, so it would make sense.=0A=0A--Dave=0A=0A=
=0A=0A      The INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! See your Yahoo! Home=
page. http://in.yahoo.com/
--0-261197499-1259294914=:48553
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<html><head><style type=3D"text/css"><!-- DIV {margin:0px;} --></style></he=
ad><body><div style=3D"font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:1=
2pt"><DIV>Hi Dave,</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>Thanks a lot for your i=
nputs. I have one more query.</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>As per the s=
nip from the draft </DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>"<STRONG><U>Required M=
in Echo RX Interval<BR></U></STRONG><BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This=
 is the minimum interval, in microseconds, between received<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;=
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; BFD Echo packets that this system is capable of supporti=
ng, less<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; any jitter applied by the sender=
 (see section 6.8.9).&nbsp; If this<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; value=
 is zero, the transmitting system does not support the<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp=
;&nbsp;&nbsp; receipt of BFD Echo packets."</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DI=
V>So is this interval talking about the interval inbetween the individual E=
cho Packets or is it the interval inbetween the stream of "Echo Packets". T=
o me it looks like this is the interval in between the individual "Echo Pac=
kets".?</DIV>=0A<DIV>Your inputs/comments will be very useful and highly ap=
preciated.</DIV>=0A<DIV>&nbsp;</DIV>=0A<DIV>With Best Regards,</DIV>=0A<DIV=
>Gaurav<BR></DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helv=
etica, sans-serif"><BR>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: times=
 new roman, new york, times, serif"><FONT face=3DTahoma size=3D2>=0A<HR SIZ=
E=3D1>=0A<B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-WEIGHT: bold">From:</SPAN></B> Dave Katz &l=
t;dkatz@juniper.net&gt;<BR><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN><=
/B> GAURAV HALWASIA &lt;gauravh278@yahoo.co.in&gt;<BR><B><SPAN style=3D"FON=
T-WEIGHT: bold">Cc:</SPAN></B> BFD &lt;rtg-bfd@ietf.org&gt;; Amitesh Shukla=
 &lt;amitesh.shukla@gmail.com&gt;<BR><B><SPAN style=3D"FONT-WEIGHT: bold">S=
ent:</SPAN></B> Fri, 27 November, 2009 12:00:20 AM<BR><B><SPAN style=3D"FON=
T-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></B> Re: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode<BR></=
FONT><BR><BR>=0A<DIV>=0A<DIV>On Nov 25, 2009, at 7:57 PM, GAURAV HALWASIA w=
rote:</DIV><BR class=3DApple-interchange-newline>=0A<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cit=
e"><SPAN class=3DApple-style-span style=3D"WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: medium =
Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE=
-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; orphans:=
 2; widows: 2">=0A<DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; MARGIN: 0px; FONT-=
FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif">=0A<DIV style=3D"MARGIN: 0px">Hi,</DI=
V>=0A<DIV style=3D"MARGIN: 0px">I have few doubts regarding the BFD Echo mo=
de.</DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"MARGIN: 0px">In case we have established BFD sess=
ion in between A &amp; B (A--------B) and have enabled Echo mode on A. Syst=
em B must have indicated to A that it can loop back the echo packets throug=
h the use of some non zero Echo Rx intervel (X milli seconds) in any contro=
l packets towards System A.<SPAN class=3DApple-converted-space>&nbsp;</SPAN=
><BR>A. Now will A send some "Stream of BFD Echo packets" per X milli secon=
ds towards B or will A send only "single BFD Echo packet" per X milli secon=
ds. Further, In any case, what the detection time will be in case of detect=
ing failure through Echo Mode. I understand that braft says clearly that it=
's outside it's scope but still any pointer and sugession regarding the pos=
sible approach &nbsp;will be helpful.</DIV></DIV></DIV></SPAN></BLOCKQUOTE>=
=0A<DIV><BR></DIV>It's whatever you want to do. &nbsp;The echo protocol is =
completely proprietary. &nbsp;If you're not sure what you want to do with i=
t, you probably don't want to use it.</DIV>=0A<DIV><BR>=0A<BLOCKQUOTE type=
=3D"cite"><SPAN class=3DApple-style-span style=3D"WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: =
medium Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px=
; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; o=
rphans: 2; widows: 2">=0A<DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; MARGIN: 0px=
; FONT-FAMILY: arial, helvetica, sans-serif">=0A<DIV style=3D"MARGIN: 0px">=
B. Further, till when these BFD Echo packets will be transmitted.?</DIV></D=
IV></DIV></SPAN></BLOCKQUOTE>=0A<DIV><BR></DIV>Until the session fails, or =
you decide not to. &nbsp;Some aspects of this are in scope (and in the spec=
.)</DIV>=0A<DIV><BR></DIV>=0A<DIV>=0A<BLOCKQUOTE type=3D"cite"><SPAN class=
=3DApple-style-span style=3D"WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: medium Helvetica; TEX=
T-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE-SPACE: normal=
; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate; orphans: 2; widows: 2"=
>=0A<DIV>=0A<DIV style=3D"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; MARGIN: 0px; FONT-FAMILY: arial,=
 helvetica, sans-serif">=0A<DIV style=3D"MARGIN: 0px">C. Base draft says th=
at a seperate UDP port will be used for Echo mode. i.e 3785. I assume that =
this UDP port will be opened on the system where the Echo packets has to be=
 received back after getting loopbacked from the remote end (i.e on the sys=
tem where the echo mode is getting used for detectinf failure). Is my under=
standing correct..?</DIV></DIV></DIV></SPAN></BLOCKQUOTE>=0A<DIV><BR></DIV>=
Well, that's the only system that is actually looking at the packets, so it=
 would make sense.</DIV>=0A<DIV><BR></DIV>=0A<DIV>--Dave</DIV>=0A<DIV><BR><=
/DIV></DIV></DIV></div><br>=0A=0A=0A=0A      <!--1--><hr size=3D1></hr> =0A=
The INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! <a href=3D"http://in.rd.yahoo.co=
m/tagline_yyi_1/*http://in.yahoo.com/" target=3D"_blank">See your Yahoo! Ho=
mepage</a>.</body></html>
--0-261197499-1259294914=:48553--

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Subject: RE: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode
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From: "Reshad Rahman (rrahman)" <rrahman@cisco.com>
To: "GAURAV HALWASIA" <gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>, "Dave Katz" <dkatz@juniper.net>
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This is the interval between individual packets for that particular BFD
session.

=20

Regards,

Reshad.

=20

From: rtg-bfd-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:rtg-bfd-bounces@ietf.org] On
Behalf Of GAURAV HALWASIA
Sent: Thursday, November 26, 2009 11:09 PM
To: Dave Katz
Cc: BFD; Amitesh Shukla
Subject: Re: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode

=20

Hi Dave,

=20

Thanks a lot for your inputs. I have one more query.

=20

As per the snip from the draft=20

=20

"Required Min Echo RX Interval

      This is the minimum interval, in microseconds, between received
      BFD Echo packets that this system is capable of supporting, less
      any jitter applied by the sender (see section 6.8.9).  If this
      value is zero, the transmitting system does not support the
      receipt of BFD Echo packets."

=20

So is this interval talking about the interval inbetween the individual
Echo Packets or is it the interval inbetween the stream of "Echo
Packets". To me it looks like this is the interval in between the
individual "Echo Packets".?

Your inputs/comments will be very useful and highly appreciated.

=20

With Best Regards,

Gaurav

=20

________________________________

From: Dave Katz <dkatz@juniper.net>
To: GAURAV HALWASIA <gauravh278@yahoo.co.in>
Cc: BFD <rtg-bfd@ietf.org>; Amitesh Shukla <amitesh.shukla@gmail.com>
Sent: Fri, 27 November, 2009 12:00:20 AM
Subject: Re: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode



On Nov 25, 2009, at 7:57 PM, GAURAV HALWASIA wrote:





Hi,

I have few doubts regarding the BFD Echo mode.

In case we have established BFD session in between A & B (A--------B)
and have enabled Echo mode on A. System B must have indicated to A that
it can loop back the echo packets through the use of some non zero Echo
Rx intervel (X milli seconds) in any control packets towards System A.=20
A. Now will A send some "Stream of BFD Echo packets" per X milli seconds
towards B or will A send only "single BFD Echo packet" per X milli
seconds. Further, In any case, what the detection time will be in case
of detecting failure through Echo Mode. I understand that braft says
clearly that it's outside it's scope but still any pointer and sugession
regarding the possible approach  will be helpful.

=20

It's whatever you want to do.  The echo protocol is completely
proprietary.  If you're not sure what you want to do with it, you
probably don't want to use it.





B. Further, till when these BFD Echo packets will be transmitted.?

=20

Until the session fails, or you decide not to.  Some aspects of this are
in scope (and in the spec.)

=20

	C. Base draft says that a seperate UDP port will be used for
Echo mode. i.e 3785. I assume that this UDP port will be opened on the
system where the Echo packets has to be received back after getting
loopbacked from the remote end (i.e on the system where the echo mode is
getting used for detectinf failure). Is my understanding correct..?

=20

Well, that's the only system that is actually looking at the packets, so
it would make sense.

=20

--Dave

=20





________________________________

The INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! See your Yahoo! Homepage
<http://in.rd.yahoo.com/tagline_yyi_1/*http:/in.yahoo.com/> .


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<div class=3DSection1>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>This is the interval between individual packets for that
particular BFD session.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Reshad.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<div>

<div style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt =
0in 0in 0in'>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
rtg-bfd-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:rtg-bfd-bounces@ietf.org] <b>On Behalf =
Of </b>GAURAV
HALWASIA<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, November 26, 2009 11:09 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Dave Katz<br>
<b>Cc:</b> BFD; Amitesh Shukla<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

<div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Hi =
Dave,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Thanks a lot
for your inputs. I have one more query.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>As =
per the
snip from the draft <o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>&quot;<strong><u><span
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Required Min Echo RX =
Interval</span></u></strong><b><u><br>
</u></b><br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; This is the minimum interval, in =
microseconds,
between received<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; BFD Echo packets that this system is =
capable of
supporting, less<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; any jitter applied by the sender (see =
section
6.8.9).&nbsp; If this<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; value is zero, the transmitting system =
does not
support the<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; receipt of BFD Echo =
packets.&quot;<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>So =
is this
interval talking about the interval inbetween the individual Echo =
Packets or is
it the interval inbetween the stream of &quot;Echo Packets&quot;. To me =
it
looks like this is the interval in between the individual &quot;Echo
Packets&quot;.?<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Your
inputs/comments will be very useful and highly =
appreciated.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>With Best
Regards,<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Gaurav<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>

<div>

<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>

<hr size=3D1 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter>

</span></div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Dave Katz =
&lt;dkatz@juniper.net&gt;<br>
<b>To:</b> GAURAV HALWASIA &lt;gauravh278@yahoo.co.in&gt;<br>
<b>Cc:</b> BFD &lt;rtg-bfd@ietf.org&gt;; Amitesh Shukla
&lt;amitesh.shukla@gmail.com&gt;<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Fri, 27 November, 2009 12:00:20 AM<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: Query Regarding BFD Echo Mode<br>
<br>
</span><o:p></o:p></p>

<div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>On Nov 25, 2009, at 7:57 PM, GAURAV HALWASIA =
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>

<div>

<div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>Hi,<o:p></o:p></sp=
an></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>I
have few doubts regarding the BFD Echo mode.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>In
case we have established BFD session in between A &amp; B (A--------B) =
and have
enabled Echo mode on A. System B must have indicated to A that it can =
loop back
the echo packets through the use of some non zero Echo Rx intervel (X =
milli
seconds) in any control packets towards System A.<span
class=3Dapple-converted-space>&nbsp;</span><br>
A. Now will A send some &quot;Stream of BFD Echo packets&quot; per X =
milli
seconds towards B or will A send only &quot;single BFD Echo packet&quot; =
per X
milli seconds. Further, In any case, what the detection time will be in =
case of
detecting failure through Echo Mode. I understand that braft says =
clearly that
it's outside it's scope but still any pointer and sugession regarding =
the
possible approach &nbsp;will be helpful.<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>It's whatever you want to do. &nbsp;The echo =
protocol is
completely proprietary. &nbsp;If you're not sure what you want to do =
with it,
you probably don't want to use it.<o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>

<div>

<div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>B.
Further, till when these BFD Echo packets will be =
transmitted.?<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Until the session fails, or you decide not to. =
&nbsp;Some
aspects of this are in scope (and in the spec.)<o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<blockquote style=3D'margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt'>

<div>

<div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black'>C.
Base draft says that a seperate UDP port will be used for Echo mode. i.e =
3785.
I assume that this UDP port will be opened on the system where the Echo =
packets
has to be received back after getting loopbacked from the remote end =
(i.e on
the system where the echo mode is getting used for detectinf failure). =
Is my
understanding correct..?<o:p></o:p></span></p>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</blockquote>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>Well, that's the only system that is actually =
looking at the
packets, so it would make sense.<o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>--Dave<o:p></o:p></p>

</div>

<div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></p>

<div class=3DMsoNormal align=3Dcenter style=3D'text-align:center'>

<hr size=3D1 width=3D"100%" align=3Dcenter>

</div>

<p class=3DMsoNormal>The INTERNET now has a personality. YOURS! <a
href=3D"http://in.rd.yahoo.com/tagline_yyi_1/*http:/in.yahoo.com/" =
target=3D"_blank">See
your Yahoo! Homepage</a>.<o:p></o:p></p>

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