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From: Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Automatic IW draft posted
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Hi Jerry (et al.),

I'd like to hear from others before addressing these issues in detail, 
but most of them are just a matter of picking a reasonable default or 
alternative. The parameters proposed in the doc were intended as a 
starting point for discussion.

Joe

On 12/26/2010 12:57 PM, Jerry Chu wrote:
> Hi Joe,
>
> Thanks for the writeup. Your proposal seems like a good step toward
> finding a permanent solution to the IW problem. The following are my
> comments:
>
> 1. The long check period (e.g., one month) is necessary to allow
> enough samples to avoid false negative/postives and ensure
> stability/convergence. But many hosts today won't survive that long
> period without a reboot, hence losing all the IW/counter statistics
> and have to start over again. This includes not only most of the
> client devices but many servers as well.
>
> What this implies is basically the algorithm will never (or rarely)
> have enough time to move IW, either up or down. Even it did, upon the
> next reboot the latest IW is lost. Does it start from scatch then?
>
> 2. To fix the above problem requires either some local persitent
> storage or some external (e.g., through the network) storage to save
> counters more frequently. This is certainly doable, but will
> introduce a lot of complexity, basically ruining the simplicity of
> the algorithm you proposed.
>
> For some hosts the above may not even be feasible.
>
> 3. The proposed check
>
> "if (IWnotchecked&&  ((ISN - seqno)/MSS<  IW))) {"
>
> under "3. During a retransmission,...", although simple (hence
> meeting the KISS requirement), counts against IW even though the
> initial burst may be smaller than IW. OTOH, tracking the actual
> burst sizes more accurately and counting them against 3..IW buckets
> as Mark Allman described earlier adde more complexity. Is it really
> necessary?
>
> For a web server the size distribution of the HTTP responses drops
> off quickly after certain threshold. Assuming we decide our loss
> tolerant level is 5%. When the IW is bumped to certain leve, e.g.,
> 20, there may be less than 5% of HTTP responses that are greater
> than 20*1460 = 30KB. Assuming IW<= 20 is all good but IW>  20 is
> all badness, lumping all the counters together under a single IW
> may never fail the 95% check, hence allowing IW to grow unbounded
> even though those connections with response sizes greater than 16
> always suffer. One may argue the small percentage of connections
> sort of justifying fudging it out. But if one judges from the
> volume (of just the initial bursts) it may not be insignificant.
>
> A good compromise may be to track only connections with burst
> sizes = IW, or>= IW minus some threshold, relying on the fact
> that the ones below IW minus some threshold have been verified
> before so it's not too risky not to continue to validate them.
>
> This does unfortunately require some code, although minimal, to be
> added to the fast path to check the initial burst size. In some
> implementations it may not even be easy to accurately delineate/
> compute the "burst" size, but one can always fudge in that case.
>
> 4. The proposal makes an assumption that the choice of IW is to
> be blamed if the percentage of connection experiencing pkt loss
> during its IW is greater than some threshold. But this may not be
> true. A host may experience high loss percentage regardless of IW.
> E.g., IW3 performs as bad as IW10.
>
> If the losses are spread across a large percentage of connections,
> then one can argue it's moot whether an optimal IW is picked because
> performance will suck for most connections anyway (assuming a high
> loss threshold of, e.g., 5%). But if the losses concentrate on only
> 5% of remote peers and these peers suffer real high pkt loss rate,
> this false positive will forbid IW to ever grow, and hence deprives
> the rest 95% connections of the benefit of a larger IW.
>
> I have no idea how often this false positive case might exist but
> if it turns out to be a large percentage then the proposal will be
> worthless in terms of addressing the small IW problem.
>
> 5. A possible fix may be to use two sets of counters rather than one.
> One tracks the loss rate of all the initial burst sizes<= 3. The
> other tracks the rest upto IW. Then compare the two, and allow IW to
> increase if the loss rate of the second set is within some threshold
> (either absolute or some percentage) of the first one.
>
> But one problem with the above is that the number of the base case
> (IW3) may have been negatively affected by other hosts moving up to
> a higher IW.
>
> 6. Regarding te sequence number wrap around problem, one can add a
> simple check to reset IWnotchecked when seqno goes beyond IW but
> this requres adding a check to the past path. I agree this issue is
> tiny that may be ignored and just allow the false positive.
>
> 7. [Ch10] - misses N. Dukkipati as a co-author.
>
> Jerry
>
> On Thu, Dec 23, 2010 at 3:38 PM, Joe Touch<touch@isi.edu>  wrote:
>> Hi, all,
>>
>> A preliminary draft has been posted:
>>
>> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt
>>
>> It includes the algorithm and a lot of other details, some fleshed out (the
>> intro), others as a list. The goal is to use this as a basis of initial
>> discussion.
>>
>> (I have not determined the author list yet, so it says TBD right now...)
>>
>> Joe
>> _______________________________________________
>> tcpm mailing list
>> tcpm@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>>

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Subject: Re: [tcpm] new version of 2988bis
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Hi Per,

The author in [LS00] has a follow-up paper claiming this problem turns
out to be a feature. It might be worthwhile to address this part in
the proposal.

"The peak-hopper: a new end-to-end retransmission timer for reliable
unicast transport"
http://www.ieee-infocom.org/2004/Papers/52_3.PDF

Section II, subsection B. The implicit RTO offset:

In previous work, we had identified this as a =93bug=94 [LS00],
but our analysis in this study has convinced us that this is
actually a feature. This =93responsive safety margin=94
compensates for the problems explained in the following two
sub-sections, and especially for the sluggish response to delay
spikes often avoids spurious timeouts. It is important to note,
though, that this safety margin does not exist for highly
interactive applications where often only a single packet is in
flight.


On Wed, Dec 22, 2010 at 1:16 AM, Per Hurtig (work) <per.hurtig@kau.se> wrot=
e:
>
> Hi all,
>
> we have submitted an I-D that summarizes an alternate way to restart
> the TCP/SCTP RTO timer:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-hurtig-tcpm-rtorestart-00.txt
>
> The difference between this approach and RFC2988(bis)'s approach is
> the way outstanding segments are
> considered. We're happy to receive any comments on the draft.
>
>
> Regards, Per H
>
>
>
>
> On Tue, Dec 7, 2010 at 04:33, Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org> wrote:
> >
> > Folks-
> >
> > We posted a new version of the 2988bis I-D today. =A0It is:
> >
> > =A0draft-paxson-tcpm-rfc2988bis-01.txt
> >
> > The big change is a new set of empirical results that pertain to
> > dropping the initial RTO from 3sec to 1sec is now given (along with the
> > previous results from Google) in the appendix. =A0Generally speaking,
> > these results show it is pretty safe to drop the initial RTO.
> >
> > Have a look. =A0I believe the authors are pretty happy with this docume=
nt
> > at this point.
> >
> > allman
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > tcpm mailing list
> > tcpm@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
> >
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

From Michael.Scharf@alcatel-lucent.com  Tue Jan  4 10:55:58 2011
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Joe,

the question of byte-based vs. segment-based window management may
require some further discussion: IMHO, the condition "if (IWnotchecked
&& ((ISN - seqno)/MSS < IW))) {" assumes that all sent segments have
full size.

If an app writes smaller pieces of data (telnet-like), this expression
will wrongly count a retransmission that occurs many RTTs after the
connection setup, even even if the IW was never fully used.

Also, if the sender sends IW segments smaller than the MSS immediately
after the connection setup (disabling Nagle) and if a loss occurs, this
expression will wrongly not count this retransmission even if IW was
indeed used, at least in terms of packets. This will in particular be an
issue if a bottleneck is packet-congestible.

Therefore, I want to back Jerry's statement that a more careful tracking
of the initial burst size may be required. For instance, after the
connection setup, one could count the packets and bytes until the
arrival of the first new ACK, assuming this to be a definition for the
initial burst. In this case, one can easily determine whether a burst of
IW was indeed sent (either bytes or packets). The statistics would then
consider only the connections that actually used the full IW. But,
unfortunately, this seems to require some additional fast path code.

BTW, in the Quick-Start implementation we wrote some time ago, we had to
implement a similar check in order to determine whether a retransmission
was out of the initial burst. As mandated by RFC 4782, we realized this
exactly by awaiting the first new ACK.

For Slow-Start after idle times, the whole issue is apparently more
complex, due to congestion window validation etc. IMHO it may make sense
to monitor the IW performance only after connection setup, to keep it
simple. In that case, it may be useful to set "IWnotchecked =3D 0" when
the congestion window is reset to IW after an idle time.

As a side note, IMHO it may make also sense to briefly comment in the
draft on the possibility of spurious retransmissions due to reordering,
even though this is probably a corner case that might just be ignored.

Michael



> -----Original Message-----
> From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On=20
> Behalf Of Joe Touch
> Sent: Friday, December 24, 2010 12:38 AM
> To: tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: [tcpm] Automatic IW draft posted
>=20
> Hi, all,
>=20
> A preliminary draft has been posted:
>=20
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt
>=20
> It includes the algorithm and a lot of other details, some=20
> fleshed out (the intro), others as a list. The goal is to use=20
> this as a basis of initial discussion.
>=20
> (I have not determined the author list yet, so it says TBD=20
> right now...)
>=20
> Joe
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>=20

From wwwrun@rfc-editor.org  Tue Jan  4 11:18:10 2011
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Subject: [tcpm] RFC 6093 on On the Implementation of the TCP Urgent Mechanism
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A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.

        
        RFC 6093

        Title:      On the Implementation of the 
                    TCP Urgent Mechanism 
        Author:     F. Gont, A. Yourtchenko
        Status:     Standards Track
        Stream:     IETF
        Date:       January 2011
        Mailbox:    fernando@gont.com.ar, 
                    ayourtch@cisco.com
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From: Nandita Dukkipati <nanditad@google.com>
To: Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Automatic IW draft posted
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--0016361e87c2c9d00d0499236e17
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Joe,

I have three high level questions on the draft, mostly aimed at
understanding on why we should expect the algorithm to work well in
practice.

1) Timescale for determining IW impact.

One of the algorithm goals is to adapt to the network feedback (on IW
impact) over long timescales. A lot of things change over periods such as a
month -- network configurations, topologies, routing, server software,
applications, traffic patterns and so on. If the net change due to all the
non-IW reasons is larger than or in the same order as the measurable change
due to IW, then what does it mean to measure the impact of IW?

Please note that this is more then merely choosing the algorithm parameter;
it is a core design issue. My concern is partly rooted from our own
experience in the large-scale IW experiments. To average out the diurnal
patterns and the weekday/weekend differences, it was necessary to run the
experiments (baseline IW3 and experiment IW10) over at least one week, i.e.,
one week of IW3 and one week of IW10. It was an absolute pain to perform an
apples-to-apples comparison while adjusting for all the non-IW changes that
also took place within these weeks. And this was with a large jump from IW3
to IW10; the impact of a smaller IW change -- such as 2MSS increment -- will
be even harder to discern over longer periods.

(Soon after, we solved this problem by moving to a new and better experiment
infrastructure that allowed setting IW based on IP address hash, thus
allowing experimenting with multiple IWs in parallel.)

2) What if losses are bimodal across connections.

A core assumption of the proposal is that increasing IW will increase the
%connections with losses, which is then used to decide on
incrementing/decrementing IW. Again, the real experiments show otherwise.
One of the things we tried hard is to figure out what kinds of
networks/users we are negatively impacting by increasing losses. While we
always observed an overall increased retransmission rate, but not really an
increase in %connections or %HTTP responses experiencing losses.

But... it may well turn out that (if and when) everyone switches to a larger
IW, the above observation is no longer true. However, being a core part of
the proposal, I think the assumption needs better (preferably empirical)
evidence.

3) Convergence to uniform IW.

This is mentioned as one of the goals. With the current specification, my
sense is this goal will be hard to achieve. Depending on the region of users
served, the %connections with losses can be vastly different across the
globe, naturally lower in States/Western Europe, and higher for regions like
Africa/India. Since the threshold (5% or whatever number you choose) is a
constant, obviously the IW may never get a chance to grow beyond MinIW for
certain regions and can grow to MaxIW for others. Do we really need
convergence to a uniform value?... something to think about.

Thanks,
-Nandita

On Thu, Dec 23, 2010 at 3:38 PM, Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu> wrote:

> Hi, all,
>
> A preliminary draft has been posted:
>
> http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt
>
> It includes the algorithm and a lot of other details, some fleshed out (the
> intro), others as a list. The goal is to use this as a basis of initial
> discussion.
>
> (I have not determined the author list yet, so it says TBD right now...)
>
> Joe
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>

--0016361e87c2c9d00d0499236e17
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<meta charset=3D"utf-8"><div>Joe,</div><div><br></div><div>I have three hig=
h level questions on the draft, mostly aimed at understanding on why we sho=
uld expect the algorithm to work well in practice.</div><div><br></div><div=
>
1) Timescale for determining IW impact.</div><div><br></div><div>One of the=
 algorithm goals is to adapt to the network feedback (on IW impact) over lo=
ng timescales.=A0A lot of things change over periods such as a month -- net=
work configurations, topologies, routing, server software, applications, tr=
affic patterns and so on. If the net change due to all the non-IW reasons i=
s larger than or in the same order as the measurable change due to IW, then=
 what does it mean to measure the impact of IW?</div>
<div><br></div><div>Please note that this is more then merely choosing the =
algorithm parameter; it is a core design issue. My concern is partly rooted=
 from our own experience in the large-scale IW experiments. To average out =
the diurnal patterns and the weekday/weekend differences, it was necessary =
to run the experiments (baseline IW3 and experiment IW10) over at least one=
 week, i.e., one week of IW3 and one week of IW10. It was an absolute pain =
to perform an apples-to-apples comparison while adjusting for all the non-I=
W changes that also took place within these weeks. And this was with a larg=
e jump from IW3 to IW10; the impact of a smaller IW change -- such as 2MSS =
increment -- will be even harder to discern over longer periods.</div>
<div><br></div><div>(Soon after, we solved this problem by moving to a new =
and better experiment infrastructure that allowed setting IW based on IP ad=
dress hash, thus allowing experimenting with multiple IWs in parallel.)</di=
v>
<div><br></div><div>2) What if losses are bimodal across connections.</div>=
<div><br></div><div>A core assumption of the proposal is that increasing IW=
 will increase the %connections with losses, which is then used to decide o=
n incrementing/decrementing IW. Again, the real experiments show otherwise.=
 One of the things we tried hard is to figure out what kinds of networks/us=
ers we are negatively impacting by increasing losses. While we always obser=
ved an overall increased retransmission rate, but not really an increase in=
 %connections or %HTTP responses experiencing losses.=A0</div>
<div><br></div><div>But... it may well turn out that (if and when) everyone=
 switches to a larger IW, the above observation is no longer true. However,=
 being a core part of the proposal, I think the assumption needs better (pr=
eferably empirical) evidence.</div>
<div><br></div>3) Convergence to uniform IW.<div><br></div><div>This is men=
tioned as one of the goals. With the current specification, my sense is thi=
s goal will be hard to achieve.=A0Depending on the region of users served, =
the %connections with losses can be vastly different across the globe, natu=
rally lower in States/Western Europe, and higher=A0for regions like Africa/=
India. Since the threshold (5% or whatever number you choose) is a constant=
, obviously the IW may never get a chance to grow beyond MinIW for certain =
regions and can grow to MaxIW for others. Do we really need convergence to =
a uniform value?... something to think about.</div>
<div><div><br></div><div>Thanks,</div><div>-Nandita</div></div><br><div cla=
ss=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, Dec 23, 2010 at 3:38 PM, Joe Touch <span dir=3D"=
ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:touch@isi.edu">touch@isi.edu</a>&gt;</span> wrot=
e:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">Hi, all,<br>
<br>
A preliminary draft has been posted:<br>
<br>
<a href=3D"http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt" tar=
get=3D"_blank">http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt<=
/a><br>
<br>
It includes the algorithm and a lot of other details, some fleshed out (the=
 intro), others as a list. The goal is to use this as a basis of initial di=
scussion.<br>
<br>
(I have not determined the author list yet, so it says TBD right now...)<br=
>
<br>
Joe<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
tcpm mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:tcpm@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">tcpm@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm" target=3D"_blank">ht=
tps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br>

--0016361e87c2c9d00d0499236e17--

From touch@isi.edu  Wed Jan  5 17:44:10 2011
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Hi, Nandita,

Overall, what I'd say is that:

- if the IW value fluctuates too much, dampen it, or just live with the 
fluctuations
	in specific, a fixed IW will be just as susceptible to
	network changes as well anyway

- if IW increases don't result in an increased number of connections 
with losses, then the IW isn't creating the loss
	if that happens, then increasing the IW is consistent
	with the behavior seen

- it's not clear that the IW will converge to a globally uniform value
	it might be more accurate to say that we hope it will
	converge over sets of connections that share resources

Joe

On 1/5/2011 5:29 PM, Nandita Dukkipati wrote:
> Joe,
>
> I have three high level questions on the draft, mostly aimed at
> understanding on why we should expect the algorithm to work well in
> practice.
>
> 1) Timescale for determining IW impact.
>
> One of the algorithm goals is to adapt to the network feedback (on IW
> impact) over long timescales. A lot of things change over periods such
> as a month -- network configurations, topologies, routing, server
> software, applications, traffic patterns and so on. If the net change
> due to all the non-IW reasons is larger than or in the same order as the
> measurable change due to IW, then what does it mean to measure the
> impact of IW?
>
> Please note that this is more then merely choosing the algorithm
> parameter; it is a core design issue. My concern is partly rooted from
> our own experience in the large-scale IW experiments. To average out the
> diurnal patterns and the weekday/weekend differences, it was necessary
> to run the experiments (baseline IW3 and experiment IW10) over at least
> one week, i.e., one week of IW3 and one week of IW10. It was an absolute
> pain to perform an apples-to-apples comparison while adjusting for all
> the non-IW changes that also took place within these weeks. And this was
> with a large jump from IW3 to IW10; the impact of a smaller IW change --
> such as 2MSS increment -- will be even harder to discern over longer
> periods.
>
> (Soon after, we solved this problem by moving to a new and better
> experiment infrastructure that allowed setting IW based on IP address
> hash, thus allowing experimenting with multiple IWs in parallel.)
>
> 2) What if losses are bimodal across connections.
>
> A core assumption of the proposal is that increasing IW will increase
> the %connections with losses, which is then used to decide on
> incrementing/decrementing IW. Again, the real experiments show
> otherwise. One of the things we tried hard is to figure out what kinds
> of networks/users we are negatively impacting by increasing losses.
> While we always observed an overall increased retransmission rate, but
> not really an increase in %connections or %HTTP responses experiencing
> losses.
>
> But... it may well turn out that (if and when) everyone switches to a
> larger IW, the above observation is no longer true. However, being a
> core part of the proposal, I think the assumption needs better
> (preferably empirical) evidence.
>
> 3) Convergence to uniform IW.
>
> This is mentioned as one of the goals. With the current specification,
> my sense is this goal will be hard to achieve. Depending on the region
> of users served, the %connections with losses can be vastly different
> across the globe, naturally lower in States/Western Europe, and
> higher for regions like Africa/India. Since the threshold (5% or
> whatever number you choose) is a constant, obviously the IW may never
> get a chance to grow beyond MinIW for certain regions and can grow to
> MaxIW for others. Do we really need convergence to a uniform value?...
> something to think about.
>
> Thanks,
> -Nandita
>
> On Thu, Dec 23, 2010 at 3:38 PM, Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu
> <mailto:touch@isi.edu>> wrote:
>
>     Hi, all,
>
>     A preliminary draft has been posted:
>
>     http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt
>
>     It includes the algorithm and a lot of other details, some fleshed
>     out (the intro), others as a list. The goal is to use this as a
>     basis of initial discussion.
>
>     (I have not determined the author list yet, so it says TBD right now...)
>
>     Joe
>     _______________________________________________
>     tcpm mailing list
>     tcpm@ietf.org <mailto:tcpm@ietf.org>
>     https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>
>

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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Automatic IW draft posted
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On Wed, Jan 5, 2011 at 5:45 PM, Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu> wrote:
> Hi, Nandita,
>
> Overall, what I'd say is that:
>
> - if the IW value fluctuates too much, dampen it, or just live with the
> fluctuations
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0in specific, a fixed IW will be just as susceptible to
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0network changes as well anyway
>
> - if IW increases don't result in an increased number of connections with
> losses, then the IW isn't creating the loss
A higher IW may result in creating more losses for certain types of
networks/connections, hence the ratio of connection experiences remain
constant but the overall loss rate increase. We observe that in our
live traffic experiments. Her point is that % of connections
experiencing losses alone may not be sufficient to indicate an overly
sized IW.


> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0if that happens, then increasing the IW is consistent
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0with the behavior seen
>
> - it's not clear that the IW will converge to a globally uniform value
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0it might be more accurate to say that we hope it will
> =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0converge over sets of connections that share resources
>
> Joe
>
> On 1/5/2011 5:29 PM, Nandita Dukkipati wrote:
>>
>> Joe,
>>
>> I have three high level questions on the draft, mostly aimed at
>> understanding on why we should expect the algorithm to work well in
>> practice.
>>
>> 1) Timescale for determining IW impact.
>>
>> One of the algorithm goals is to adapt to the network feedback (on IW
>> impact) over long timescales. A lot of things change over periods such
>> as a month -- network configurations, topologies, routing, server
>> software, applications, traffic patterns and so on. If the net change
>> due to all the non-IW reasons is larger than or in the same order as the
>> measurable change due to IW, then what does it mean to measure the
>> impact of IW?
>>
>> Please note that this is more then merely choosing the algorithm
>> parameter; it is a core design issue. My concern is partly rooted from
>> our own experience in the large-scale IW experiments. To average out the
>> diurnal patterns and the weekday/weekend differences, it was necessary
>> to run the experiments (baseline IW3 and experiment IW10) over at least
>> one week, i.e., one week of IW3 and one week of IW10. It was an absolute
>> pain to perform an apples-to-apples comparison while adjusting for all
>> the non-IW changes that also took place within these weeks. And this was
>> with a large jump from IW3 to IW10; the impact of a smaller IW change --
>> such as 2MSS increment -- will be even harder to discern over longer
>> periods.
>>
>> (Soon after, we solved this problem by moving to a new and better
>> experiment infrastructure that allowed setting IW based on IP address
>> hash, thus allowing experimenting with multiple IWs in parallel.)
>>
>> 2) What if losses are bimodal across connections.
>>
>> A core assumption of the proposal is that increasing IW will increase
>> the %connections with losses, which is then used to decide on
>> incrementing/decrementing IW. Again, the real experiments show
>> otherwise. One of the things we tried hard is to figure out what kinds
>> of networks/users we are negatively impacting by increasing losses.
>> While we always observed an overall increased retransmission rate, but
>> not really an increase in %connections or %HTTP responses experiencing
>> losses.
>>
>> But... it may well turn out that (if and when) everyone switches to a
>> larger IW, the above observation is no longer true. However, being a
>> core part of the proposal, I think the assumption needs better
>> (preferably empirical) evidence.
>>
>> 3) Convergence to uniform IW.
>>
>> This is mentioned as one of the goals. With the current specification,
>> my sense is this goal will be hard to achieve. Depending on the region
>> of users served, the %connections with losses can be vastly different
>> across the globe, naturally lower in States/Western Europe, and
>> higher for regions like Africa/India. Since the threshold (5% or
>> whatever number you choose) is a constant, obviously the IW may never
>> get a chance to grow beyond MinIW for certain regions and can grow to
>> MaxIW for others. Do we really need convergence to a uniform value?...
>> something to think about.
>>
>> Thanks,
>> -Nandita
>>
>> On Thu, Dec 23, 2010 at 3:38 PM, Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu
>> <mailto:touch@isi.edu>> wrote:
>>
>> =A0 =A0Hi, all,
>>
>> =A0 =A0A preliminary draft has been posted:
>>
>> =A0 =A0http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt
>>
>> =A0 =A0It includes the algorithm and a lot of other details, some fleshe=
d
>> =A0 =A0out (the intro), others as a list. The goal is to use this as a
>> =A0 =A0basis of initial discussion.
>>
>> =A0 =A0(I have not determined the author list yet, so it says TBD right
>> now...)
>>
>> =A0 =A0Joe
>> =A0 =A0_______________________________________________
>> =A0 =A0tcpm mailing list
>> =A0 =A0tcpm@ietf.org <mailto:tcpm@ietf.org>
>> =A0 =A0https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>>
>>
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>

From mallman@icir.org  Wed Jan  5 19:51:57 2011
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> 1. The long check period (e.g., one month) is necessary to allow
> enough samples to avoid false negative/postives and ensure
> stability/convergence. But many hosts today won't survive that long
> period without a reboot, hence losing all the IW/counter statistics
> and have to start over again. This includes not only most of the
> client devices but many servers as well.
> 
> What this implies is basically the algorithm will never (or rarely)
> have enough time to move IW, either up or down. Even it did, upon the
> next reboot the latest IW is lost. Does it start from scatch then?

This seems like an excessively minor point to me.  Stuffing a few
counters and a config setting into non-volatile storage every so often
is pretty trivial.  E.g., think about doing it twice a day or something
so at most you lose 12 hours of state.  

Basically, if a host doesn't want to take the bother to try to track
this information over time then they can deal with the implications of
not using a larger initial cwnd because they are not tracking things
well enough to ensure they are doing so safely.

I just can't see this as some sort of big issue ...

> For a web server the size distribution of the HTTP responses drops
> off quickly after certain threshold. Assuming we decide our loss
> tolerant level is 5%. When the IW is bumped to certain leve, e.g.,
> 20, there may be less than 5% of HTTP responses that are greater
> than 20*1460 = 30KB. Assuming IW <= 20 is all good but IW > 20 is
> all badness, lumping all the counters together under a single IW
> may never fail the 95% check, hence allowing IW to grow unbounded
> even though those connections with response sizes greater than 16
> always suffer. One may argue the small percentage of connections
> sort of justifying fudging it out. But if one judges from the
> volume (of just the initial bursts) it may not be insignificant.

Right... this proposal turns on having a tolerance for "badness".  If we
want to meaningfully increase IW then there will be badness.  The
adaptive scheme sets up a way to manage that badness.  Can we construct
scenarios that are still bad?  Sure.  But, that is always the case.
E.g., IW=10 might be a fine general value, but it might always hurt
performance to some given host.

allman




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> One of the algorithm goals is to adapt to the network feedback (on IW
> impact) over long timescales. A lot of things change over periods such
> as a month -- network configurations, topologies, routing, server
> software, applications, traffic patterns and so on. If the net change
> due to all the non-IW reasons is larger than or in the same order as
> the measurable change due to IW, then what does it mean to measure the
> impact of IW?

I don't follow this at all.  The IW is never the problem.  The
characteristics of the path are the problem.  So, yeah, the path changes
and the traffic mix changes and configs change and so the dynamics
change.  We are just trying to find a reasonable---not optimal---initial
setting for the context the host is operating in.  We are not trying to
somehow tease apart root causes here, but rather just trying to arrive
at a roughly OK initial setting for the vast majority of the cases.

> 2) What if losses are bimodal across connections.
> 
> A core assumption of the proposal is that increasing IW will increase the
> %connections with losses, which is then used to decide on
> incrementing/decrementing IW. Again, the real experiments show otherwise.
> One of the things we tried hard is to figure out what kinds of
> networks/users we are negatively impacting by increasing losses. While we
> always observed an overall increased retransmission rate, but not really an
> increase in %connections or %HTTP responses experiencing losses.
> 
> But... it may well turn out that (if and when) everyone switches to a larger
> IW, the above observation is no longer true. However, being a core part of
> the proposal, I think the assumption needs better (preferably empirical)
> evidence.

I don't follow this.  The proposal is to *use* empirical evidence to
arrive at a reasonable value for an initial parameter setting.

> 3) Convergence to uniform IW.
> 
> This is mentioned as one of the goals. With the current specification, my
> sense is this goal will be hard to achieve. Depending on the region of users
> served, the %connections with losses can be vastly different across the
> globe, naturally lower in States/Western Europe, and higher for regions like
> Africa/India. Since the threshold (5% or whatever number you choose) is a
> constant, obviously the IW may never get a chance to grow beyond MinIW for
> certain regions and can grow to MaxIW for others. Do we really need
> convergence to a uniform value?... something to think about.

I agree that this seemed like a bogus bit in Joe's draft to me.  We
don't need to converge to anything but a reasonable value for whatever
context a particular host operates in.

allman




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On Wed, Jan 5, 2011 at 7:54 PM, Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org> wrote:

>
> > 1. The long check period (e.g., one month) is necessary to allow
> > enough samples to avoid false negative/postives and ensure
> > stability/convergence. But many hosts today won't survive that long
> > period without a reboot, hence losing all the IW/counter statistics
> > and have to start over again. This includes not only most of the
> > client devices but many servers as well.
> >
> > What this implies is basically the algorithm will never (or rarely)
> > have enough time to move IW, either up or down. Even it did, upon the
> > next reboot the latest IW is lost. Does it start from scatch then?
>
> This seems like an excessively minor point to me.  Stuffing a few
> counters and a config setting into non-volatile storage every so often
> is pretty trivial.  E.g., think about doing it twice a day or something
> so at most you lose 12 hours of state.
>

I think you've missed my main point (really #2 if you read on), which is not
about stuffing a few counters in some persistent storage (only needed before
system shutdown), but about whether the local storage is even available and
usable for this purpose.

This requirement will likely rule out many client devices, which is a shame
IMO.


> Basically, if a host doesn't want to take the bother to try to track
> this information over time then they can deal with the implications of
> not using a larger initial cwnd because they are not tracking things
> well enough to ensure they are doing so safely.
>
> I just can't see this as some sort of big issue ...
>
> > For a web server the size distribution of the HTTP responses drops
> > off quickly after certain threshold. Assuming we decide our loss
> > tolerant level is 5%. When the IW is bumped to certain leve, e.g.,
> > 20, there may be less than 5% of HTTP responses that are greater
> > than 20*1460 = 30KB. Assuming IW <= 20 is all good but IW > 20 is
> > all badness, lumping all the counters together under a single IW
> > may never fail the 95% check, hence allowing IW to grow unbounded
> > even though those connections with response sizes greater than 16
> > always suffer. One may argue the small percentage of connections
> > sort of justifying fudging it out. But if one judges from the
> > volume (of just the initial bursts) it may not be insignificant.
>
> Right... this proposal turns on having a tolerance for "badness".  If we
> want to meaningfully increase IW then there will be badness.  The
> adaptive scheme sets up a way to manage that badness.  Can we construct
> scenarios that are still bad?  Sure.  But, that is always the case.
> E.g., IW=10 might be a fine general value, but it might always hurt
> performance to some given host.


I understand the proposal strives to achieve two goals,
1) to prevent an overly aggressive IW from causing too much badness
(subject to some agreed-upon tolerance) on a very large (e.g., global)
scale,
2) to find an automated way to grow IW for the foreseeable future (e.g.,
over
the next decade)

and I'm being very realistic about it, i.e., not clinging to edge cases.
But I just haven't convinced myself the likelihood that the proposed
algorithm
actually works (i.e., achieving the two goals above) is high. What if the
scenarios I (and perhaps Nandita too) described turn out not to be the edge
but the norm? The algorithm will either not catch enough badness until IW
grows too large to cause real damage, or generate too much false positive to
prevent IW from ever growing. Neither is the outcome we want to see.

Jerry


> allman
>
>
>
>

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On Wed, Jan 5, 2011 at 7:54 PM, Mark Allman <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:mallman@icir.org">mallman@icir.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div=
 class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 =
0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
<div class=3D"im"><br>
&gt; 1. The long check period (e.g., one month) is necessary to allow<br>
&gt; enough samples to avoid false negative/postives and ensure<br>
&gt; stability/convergence. But many hosts today won&#39;t survive that lon=
g<br>
&gt; period without a reboot, hence losing all the IW/counter statistics<br=
>
&gt; and have to start over again. This includes not only most of the<br>
&gt; client devices but many servers as well.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; What this implies is basically the algorithm will never (or rarely)<br=
>
&gt; have enough time to move IW, either up or down. Even it did, upon the<=
br>
&gt; next reboot the latest IW is lost. Does it start from scatch then?<br>
<br>
</div>This seems like an excessively minor point to me. =A0Stuffing a few<b=
r>
counters and a config setting into non-volatile storage every so often<br>
is pretty trivial. =A0E.g., think about doing it twice a day or something<b=
r>
so at most you lose 12 hours of state.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>=
I think you&#39;ve missed my main point (really #2 if you read on), which i=
s not</div><div>about=A0stuffing a=A0few=A0counters in some persistent stor=
age (only needed before</div>
<div>system shutdown),=A0but about whether the local storage is even=A0avai=
lable=A0and</div><div>usable for this=A0purpose.</div><div><br></div><div>T=
his requirement will likely rule out many client devices, which is a shame<=
/div>
<div>IMO.</div><div>=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"mar=
gin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
Basically, if a host doesn&#39;t want to take the bother to try to track<br=
>
this information over time then they can deal with the implications of<br>
not using a larger initial cwnd because they are not tracking things<br>
well enough to ensure they are doing so safely.<br>
<br>
I just can&#39;t see this as some sort of big issue ...<br>
<div class=3D"im"><br>
&gt; For a web server the size distribution of the HTTP responses drops<br>
&gt; off quickly after certain threshold. Assuming we decide our loss<br>
&gt; tolerant level is 5%. When the IW is bumped to certain leve, e.g.,<br>
&gt; 20, there may be less than 5% of HTTP responses that are greater<br>
&gt; than 20*1460 =3D 30KB. Assuming IW &lt;=3D 20 is all good but IW &gt; =
20 is<br>
&gt; all badness, lumping all the counters together under a single IW<br>
&gt; may never fail the 95% check, hence allowing IW to grow unbounded<br>
&gt; even though those connections with response sizes greater than 16<br>
&gt; always suffer. One may argue the small percentage of connections<br>
&gt; sort of justifying fudging it out. But if one judges from the<br>
&gt; volume (of just the initial bursts) it may not be insignificant.<br>
<br>
</div>Right... this proposal turns on having a tolerance for &quot;badness&=
quot;. =A0If we<br>
want to meaningfully increase IW then there will be badness. =A0The<br>
adaptive scheme sets up a way to manage that badness. =A0Can we construct<b=
r>
scenarios that are still bad? =A0Sure. =A0But, that is always the case.<br>
E.g., IW=3D10 might be a fine general value, but it might always hurt<br>
performance to some given host.=A0</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I unders=
tand the proposal strives to achieve two goals,</div><div>1) to prevent an=
=A0overly aggressive IW from causing too much badness</div><div>(subject to=
 some=A0agreed-upon tolerance) on a very large=A0(e.g., global) scale,</div=
>
<div>2) to find an automated way to grow IW for the foreseeable future (e.g=
., over</div><div>the next decade)</div><div><br></div><div>and I&#39;m bei=
ng very realistic about it, i.e., not clinging to edge cases.</div><div>
But I just haven&#39;t convinced myself the likelihood that the proposed al=
gorithm</div><div>actually works (i.e., achieving the two goals above) is h=
igh. What if the</div><div>scenarios I (and perhaps Nandita too)=A0describe=
d turn out not to be the edge</div>
<div>but the norm? The algorithm will=A0either not catch enough badness unt=
il IW</div><div>grows=A0too large to cause real damage,=A0or generate too m=
uch false=A0positive to</div><div>prevent=A0IW from ever growing. Neither i=
s the outcome we want to see.</div>
<div><br></div><div>Jerry</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_qu=
ote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex=
;"><br><font class=3D"Apple-style-span" color=3D"#888888">
allman</font><br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</blockquote></div><br>

--000e0cd30b2c6729d60499274e4f--

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From: Nandita Dukkipati <nanditad@google.com>
To: mallman@icir.org
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Cc: "tcpm@ietf.org" <tcpm@ietf.org>, Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu>
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Automatic IW draft posted
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> One of the algorithm goals is to adapt to the network feedback (on IW
> > impact) over long timescales. A lot of things change over periods such
> > as a month -- network configurations, topologies, routing, server
> > software, applications, traffic patterns and so on. If the net change
> > due to all the non-IW reasons is larger than or in the same order as
> > the measurable change due to IW, then what does it mean to measure the
> > impact of IW?
>
> I don't follow this at all.  The IW is never the problem.  The
> characteristics of the path are the problem.  So, yeah, the path changes
> and the traffic mix changes and configs change and so the dynamics
> change.  We are just trying to find a reasonable---not optimal---initial
> setting for the context the host is operating in.  We are not trying to
> somehow tease apart root causes here, but rather just trying to arrive
> at a roughly OK initial setting for the vast majority of the cases.
>

I believe we all agree that the goal is to find a reasonable (not
necessarily optimal) value. The algorithm measures %connections with losses
between epochs T1 and T2, and decides to adjust IW based on this feedback;
my point is the measured feedback could be an artifact of non-IW related
changes over T2-T1, and yet it is used to adjust IW. I understood Steps 3
and 4 of the algo. as if it is measuring the impact of IW change, but looks
like that's not entirely the case. It seems like you care about %connections
with losses in the context that the host is operating regardless of whether
those losses are IW related. Is that correct?

> 2) What if losses are bimodal across connections.
> >
> > A core assumption of the proposal is that increasing IW will increase the
> > %connections with losses, which is then used to decide on
> > incrementing/decrementing IW. Again, the real experiments show otherwise.
> > One of the things we tried hard is to figure out what kinds of
> > networks/users we are negatively impacting by increasing losses. While we
> > always observed an overall increased retransmission rate, but not really
> an
> > increase in %connections or %HTTP responses experiencing losses.
> >
> > But... it may well turn out that (if and when) everyone switches to a
> larger
> > IW, the above observation is no longer true. However, being a core part
> of
> > the proposal, I think the assumption needs better (preferably empirical)
> > evidence.
>
> I don't follow this.  The proposal is to *use* empirical evidence to
> arrive at a reasonable value for an initial parameter setting.
>

Here's an example from experiments to clarify the question.
IW3: 96% connections have 0 losses. 4% connections experience losses.
IWN (N>3): 96% connections have 0 losses. 4% connections now experience even
further losses.

The point being: %connections with losses is one metric, but clearly doesn't
tell the whole story on the impact of IW. Why is it OK to just rely on
%lossy-connections as a measure of impact?

> 3) Convergence to uniform IW.
> >
> > This is mentioned as one of the goals. With the current specification, my
> > sense is this goal will be hard to achieve. Depending on the region of
> users
> > served, the %connections with losses can be vastly different across the
> > globe, naturally lower in States/Western Europe, and higher for regions
> like
> > Africa/India. Since the threshold (5% or whatever number you choose) is a
> > constant, obviously the IW may never get a chance to grow beyond MinIW
> for
> > certain regions and can grow to MaxIW for others. Do we really need
> > convergence to a uniform value?... something to think about.
>
> I agree that this seemed like a bogus bit in Joe's draft to me.  We
> don't need to converge to anything but a reasonable value for whatever
> context a particular host operates in.
>
> allman

--001636283e7822b92a049929040e
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
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<br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;"><div cl=
ass=3D"im">&gt; One of the algorithm goals is to adapt to the network feedb=
ack (on IW<br>

&gt; impact) over long timescales. A lot of things change over periods such=
<br>
&gt; as a month -- network configurations, topologies, routing, server<br>
&gt; software, applications, traffic patterns and so on. If the net change<=
br>
&gt; due to all the non-IW reasons is larger than or in the same order as<b=
r>
&gt; the measurable change due to IW, then what does it mean to measure the=
<br>
&gt; impact of IW?<br>
<br>
</div>I don&#39;t follow this at all. =A0The IW is never the problem. =A0Th=
e<br>
characteristics of the path are the problem. =A0So, yeah, the path changes<=
br>
and the traffic mix changes and configs change and so the dynamics<br>
change. =A0We are just trying to find a reasonable---not optimal---initial<=
br>
setting for the context the host is operating in. =A0We are not trying to<b=
r>
somehow tease apart root causes here, but rather just trying to arrive<br>
at a roughly OK initial setting for the vast majority of the cases.<br></bl=
ockquote><div><br></div><div>I believe we all agree that the goal is to fin=
d a reasonable (not necessarily optimal) value. The algorithm measures %con=
nections with losses between epochs T1 and T2, and decides to adjust IW bas=
ed on this feedback; my point is the measured feedback could be an artifact=
 of non-IW related changes over T2-T1, and yet it is used to adjust IW.=A0I=
 understood Steps 3 and 4 of the algo. as if it is measuring the impact of =
IW change, but looks like that&#39;s not entirely the case. It seems like y=
ou care about %connections with losses in the context that the host is oper=
ating regardless of whether those losses are IW related. Is that correct?</=
div>
<div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex=
;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
<div class=3D"im">&gt; 2) What if losses are bimodal across connections.<br=
>
&gt;<br>
&gt; A core assumption of the proposal is that increasing IW will increase =
the<br>
&gt; %connections with losses, which is then used to decide on<br>
&gt; incrementing/decrementing IW. Again, the real experiments show otherwi=
se.<br>
&gt; One of the things we tried hard is to figure out what kinds of<br>
&gt; networks/users we are negatively impacting by increasing losses. While=
 we<br>
&gt; always observed an overall increased retransmission rate, but not real=
ly an<br>
&gt; increase in %connections or %HTTP responses experiencing losses.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; But... it may well turn out that (if and when) everyone switches to a =
larger<br>
&gt; IW, the above observation is no longer true. However, being a core par=
t of<br>
&gt; the proposal, I think the assumption needs better (preferably empirica=
l)<br>
&gt; evidence.<br>
<br>
</div>I don&#39;t follow this. =A0The proposal is to *use* empirical eviden=
ce to<br>
arrive at a reasonable value for an initial parameter setting.<br></blockqu=
ote><div><br></div><div>Here&#39;s an example from experiments to clarify t=
he question.=A0</div><div>IW3: 96% connections have 0 losses. 4% connection=
s experience losses.</div>
<div>IWN (N&gt;3): 96% connections have 0 losses. 4% connections now experi=
ence even further losses.</div><div><br></div><div>The point being: %connec=
tions with losses is one metric, but clearly doesn&#39;t tell the whole sto=
ry on the impact of IW. Why is it OK to just rely on %lossy-connections as =
a measure of impact?</div>
<div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex=
;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
<div class=3D"im">&gt; 3) Convergence to uniform IW.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; This is mentioned as one of the goals. With the current specification,=
 my<br>
&gt; sense is this goal will be hard to achieve. Depending on the region of=
 users<br>
&gt; served, the %connections with losses can be vastly different across th=
e<br>
&gt; globe, naturally lower in States/Western Europe, and higher for region=
s like<br>
&gt; Africa/India. Since the threshold (5% or whatever number you choose) i=
s a<br>
&gt; constant, obviously the IW may never get a chance to grow beyond MinIW=
 for<br>
&gt; certain regions and can grow to MaxIW for others. Do we really need<br=
>
&gt; convergence to a uniform value?... something to think about.<br>
<br>
</div>I agree that this seemed like a bogus bit in Joe&#39;s draft to me. =
=A0We<br>
don&#39;t need to converge to anything but a reasonable value for whatever<=
br>
context a particular host operates in.<br>
<font color=3D"#888888"><br>
allman</font></blockquote></div>

--001636283e7822b92a049929040e--

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On Thu, 6 Jan 2011, Nandita Dukkipati wrote:

>       > 2) What if losses are bimodal across connections.
>       >
>       > A core assumption of the proposal is that increasing IW will
>       increase the
>       > %connections with losses, which is then used to decide on
>       > incrementing/decrementing IW. Again, the real experiments show
>       otherwise.
>       > One of the things we tried hard is to figure out what kinds of
>       > networks/users we are negatively impacting by increasing
>       losses. While we
>       > always observed an overall increased retransmission rate, but
>       not really an
>       > increase in %connections or %HTTP responses experiencing
>       losses.
>       >
>       > But... it may well turn out that (if and when) everyone
>       switches to a larger
>       > IW, the above observation is no longer true. However, being a
>       core part of
>       > the proposal, I think the assumption needs better (preferably
>       empirical)
>       > evidence.
> 
> I don't follow this.  The proposal is to *use* empirical evidence to
> arrive at a reasonable value for an initial parameter setting.
> 
> 
> Here's an example from experiments to clarify the question. 
> IW3: 96% connections have 0 losses. 4% connections experience losses.
> IWN (N>3): 96% connections have 0 losses. 4% connections now experience even
> further losses.
> 
> The point being: %connections with losses is one metric, but clearly doesn't
> tell the whole story on the impact of IW. Why is it OK to just rely on
> %lossy-connections as a measure of impact?

It is not supposed to. Per destination problems and problems that affect 
all destinations are separate problems. And this proposal is not to 
address the first one. Yet, I'm again puzzled, you came to IETF to 
tell that larger IW does no harm, or at worst, hurts only oneself (more 
losses yes, but where's the harm?). Why would it now suddently turn out
to be something that should be avoided in a way that hurts 
performance of those 96%?


-- 
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> I believe we all agree that the goal is to find a reasonable (not
> necessarily optimal) value. The algorithm measures %connections with
> losses between epochs T1 and T2, and decides to adjust IW based on
> this feedback; my point is the measured feedback could be an artifact
> of non-IW related changes over T2-T1, and yet it is used to adjust
> IW. I understood Steps 3 and 4 of the algo. as if it is measuring the
> impact of IW change, but looks like that's not entirely the case. It
> seems like you care about %connections with losses in the context that
> the host is operating regardless of whether those losses are IW
> related. Is that correct?

I didn't write Joe's document.

To me you measure whether loss happened in the IW and that determines
whether it "works" or "doesn't work" for that connection.  I.e., your
T2-T1 is the initial window.  I am not entirely sure what you mean by
"non-IW related changes".  There is no need to understand what caused
the loss.  If it happens enough at IW=X then we decide that IW is too
aggressive. 

> The point being: %connections with losses is one metric, but clearly
> doesn't tell the whole story on the impact of IW. Why is it OK to just
> rely on %lossy-connections as a measure of impact?

Not, it isn't % lossy connections.  At least in my thinking it is % with
loss in the IW.  But, that aside.

If you are noting that there is a difference between losing one packet
in the initial window and losing IW-1 packets then I might buy that.
Propose a different assessment criteria if you have one in mind.  E.g.,
is overall loss rate in the IW better?  I.e., retransmits from IW /
packets sent in IW (across zillions of connections) must be within some
threshold?  Or, something?  If you see some better way to do this,
please clue us in.

To me there is simplicity in the binary "loss in IW or not?" notion and
since the goal I have in mind is to find something reasonable it seems
this other stuff is second order.  But, I'd be open to thinking about
other proposals.

allman




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Jerry-

> I think you've missed my main point (really #2 if you read on), which
> is not about stuffing a few counters in some persistent storage (only
> needed before system shutdown), but about whether the local storage is
> even available and usable for this purpose.
> 
> This requirement will likely rule out many client devices, which is a
> shame IMO.

Maybe my mental model is busted but I am struggling with the notion that
there are "many" (what is that?) "client devices" (what are these?) that
both have no non-volatile storage and would benefit greatly from larger
IWs.

It does not seem onerous to me to use a design principle that says to be
more aggressive you have to track the implications of that
aggressiveness and reduce it if they are too great.  

If you have a situation whereby a host cannot track the implications
because it has no non-volatile storage and it doesn't stay up long
enough to get a reasonable sample then that host should not be
aggressive.

> I understand the proposal strives to achieve two goals,
> 1) to prevent an overly aggressive IW from causing too much badness
> (subject to some agreed-upon tolerance) on a very large (e.g., global)
> scale,
> 2) to find an automated way to grow IW for the foreseeable future (e.g.,
> over the next decade)
> 
> and I'm being very realistic about it, i.e., not clinging to edge
> cases.  But I just haven't convinced myself the likelihood that the
> proposed algorithm actually works (i.e., achieving the two goals
> above) is high. What if the scenarios I (and perhaps Nandita too)
> described turn out not to be the edge but the norm? The algorithm will
> either not catch enough badness until IW grows too large to cause real
> damage, or generate too much false positive to prevent IW from ever
> growing. Neither is the outcome we want to see.

I just disagree.  

First, if we make only modest increases in the IW at fairly gross
intervals (e.g., bump by 1 packet at most once / month) then it seems to
me the probability of "causing real damage" is quite low.  Certainly
lower than increasing a static value from 3 to 10, say.

Second, I don't buy the notion of a "false positive".  If you have a
case where 50% of the connections use IW=X and work fine and 50% of the
connections that use IW=X see loss then that is not a reasonable default
IW to use.  Even if the 50% that don't work all go to one host across
some ratty link.  You can say that is holding down the growth
unnecessarily if you want, but my view is that is the wrong way to look
at it.  You can call that a "false positive", but there is nothing false
about it.  It is an empirical observation about half the traffic.  The
right way to look at it is as a *default* IW X is causing issues for
half your traffic and so it is not a good default.  If you want to be
more savvy and segregate this traffic because it is holding down the
global default for everyone else then that seems fine to me.  I.e., use
IW=3 for this ratty host and run everything else through the adaptive
procedure.  You can always go get more savvy about caching information.

But, I disagree that such a ratty link holding down the *default* IW is
somehow wrong.  It might be suboptimal.  It might be conservative.  But,
its probably reasonable.  We're not shooting for optimality.  And, even
if we were we'd never get it.

allman




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Subject: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some matter
of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG preference
on the *approach* to changing the initial window.  So, putting aside the
particulars for a moment and just thinking about the approach I'd like
to take a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way (obviously)
poll to take the WG's pulse.

So, do you prefer ...

(A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
    value.

    (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking about IW=10, just IW=some_X.)

(B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of IW
    updates to play out over some period of time.

    (Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)

(C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their IW
    over time.

    (Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
    overall approach.)

(D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to think it
    needs changed.

Thanks!

allman




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Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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I've been thinking we might wind up with some set of A/B/C in conjunction. =
 It seems like they don't have to be mutually exclusive since different hos=
ts could implement different Experimenal policies, as long as each is felt =
to be reasonable for Experimental.  Of course, it would probably be better =
to have one Proposed Standard.

________________________________________
From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Mark Allma=
n [mallman@icir.org]
Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 1:19 PM
To: tcpm@ietf.org
Subject: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd

Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some matter
of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG preference
on the *approach* to changing the initial window.  So, putting aside the
particulars for a moment and just thinking about the approach I'd like
to take a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way (obviously)
poll to take the WG's pulse.

So, do you prefer ...

(A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
    value.

    (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking about IW=3D10, just IW=3Dsome_X.)

(B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of IW
    updates to play out over some period of time.

    (Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)

(C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their IW
    over time.

    (Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
    overall approach.)

(D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to think it
    needs changed.

Thanks!

allman=

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Cc: Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu>, "tcpm@ietf.org" <tcpm@ietf.org>, mallman@icir.org
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Automatic IW draft posted
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> The point being: %connections with losses is one metric, but clearly
> doesn't
> > tell the whole story on the impact of IW. Why is it OK to just rely on
> > %lossy-connections as a measure of impact?
>
> It is not supposed to. Per destination problems and problems that affect
> all destinations are separate problems. And this proposal is not to
> address the first one. Yet, I'm again puzzled, you came to IETF to
> tell that larger IW does no harm, or at worst, hurts only oneself (more
> losses yes, but where's the harm?). Why would it now suddently turn out
> to be something that should be avoided in a way that hurts
> performance of those 96%?
>

You understand me incorrectly. I am trying to get a sense of how the
algorithm will work in practice, and hence these questions. Obviously, a
dynamic algorithm that bounds damage (if any) and lays out a growth path for
IW is better than a static setting. And I agree with that.

--001636283e7809c037049931ead6
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<br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;"><div><d=
iv class=3D"h5">
&gt; The point being: %connections with losses is one metric, but clearly d=
oesn&#39;t<br>
&gt; tell the whole story on the impact of IW. Why is it OK to just rely on=
<br>
&gt; %lossy-connections as a measure of impact?<br>
<br>
</div></div>It is not supposed to. Per destination problems and problems th=
at affect<br>
all destinations are separate problems. And this proposal is not to<br>
address the first one. Yet, I&#39;m again puzzled, you came to IETF to<br>
tell that larger IW does no harm, or at worst, hurts only oneself (more<br>
losses yes, but where&#39;s the harm?). Why would it now suddently turn out=
<br>
to be something that should be avoided in a way that hurts<br>
performance of those 96%?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>You understan=
d me incorrectly. I am trying to get a sense of how the algorithm will work=
 in practice, and hence these questions. Obviously, a dynamic algorithm tha=
t bounds damage (if any) and lays out a growth path for IW is better than a=
 static setting. And I agree with that.</div>
</div>

--001636283e7809c037049931ead6--

From michawe@ifi.uio.no  Thu Jan  6 10:44:16 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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That vote is a good idea, I think. I'm for this one:

> (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their  
> IW
>    over time.
>
>    (Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
>    explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
>    overall approach.)

Cheers,
Michael


From touch@isi.edu  Thu Jan  6 10:47:00 2011
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My preferences, in order:

> (D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to think
> it needs changed.

> (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their
> IW over time.

More specifically, I'd say C should be:
	to define a procedure based on feedback that increases the IW
	only where it measurably doesn't do harm

If my draft doesn't do that, someone can write one that does.

Joe

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On Thu, Jan 6, 2011 at 6:32 AM, Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org> wrote:

>
> Jerry-
>
> > I think you've missed my main point (really #2 if you read on), which
> > is not about stuffing a few counters in some persistent storage (only
> > needed before system shutdown), but about whether the local storage is
> > even available and usable for this purpose.
> >
> > This requirement will likely rule out many client devices, which is a
> > shame IMO.
>
> Maybe my mental model is busted but I am struggling with the notion that
> there are "many" (what is that?) "client devices" (what are these?) that
> both have no non-volatile storage and would benefit greatly from larger
> IWs.
>

Joe's proposal aims at solving the IW growth problem for the next decade (or
two).
Can anyone predict what the future devices and traffic pattern will look
like?
It's also better to have less external dependencies.


> It does not seem onerous to me to use a design principle that says to be
> more aggressive you have to track the implications of that
> aggressiveness and reduce it if they are too great.
>
> If you have a situation whereby a host cannot track the implications
> because it has no non-volatile storage and it doesn't stay up long
> enough to get a reasonable sample then that host should not be
> aggressive.
>

So do they get stuck at the bottom (i.e., IW3) forever? IW10 would be a much
preferred value to get stuck with. Otherwise I'd prefer to give them a path
to
grow, e.g., by figuring out a way to monitor the usage of IW and its effect
(if
feasible), and periodically publish progress reports giving green light to
some IW.

BTW, the proposal is not clear on hosts that never last longer than the
check
period due to system shutdown and inability to save counters. They don't get
to grow nor shrink the IW. But what's the IW to use to begin with (MaxIW or
MinIW??)


> > I understand the proposal strives to achieve two goals,
> > 1) to prevent an overly aggressive IW from causing too much badness
> > (subject to some agreed-upon tolerance) on a very large (e.g., global)
> > scale,
> > 2) to find an automated way to grow IW for the foreseeable future (e.g.,
> > over the next decade)
> >
> > and I'm being very realistic about it, i.e., not clinging to edge
> > cases.  But I just haven't convinced myself the likelihood that the
> > proposed algorithm actually works (i.e., achieving the two goals
> > above) is high. What if the scenarios I (and perhaps Nandita too)
> > described turn out not to be the edge but the norm? The algorithm will
> > either not catch enough badness until IW grows too large to cause real
> > damage, or generate too much false positive to prevent IW from ever
> > growing. Neither is the outcome we want to see.
>
> I just disagree.
>
> First, if we make only modest increases in the IW at fairly gross
> intervals (e.g., bump by 1 packet at most once / month) then it seems to
> me the probability of "causing real damage" is quite low.  Certainly
> lower than increasing a static value from 3 to 10, say.
>

There is a MaxIW based on year so it'd take years for IW to grow. But my
point was if the algorithm just fails to catch badness, although it may take
a long time to grow IW but it will get there at some point to cause damage.

Second, I don't buy the notion of a "false positive".  If you have a
> case where 50% of the connections use IW=X and work fine and 50% of the
> connections that use IW=X see loss then that is not a reasonable default
> IW to use.  Even if the 50% that don't work all go to one host across
> some ratty link.  You can say that is holding down the growth
> unnecessarily if you want, but my view is that is the wrong way to look
> at it.  You can call that a "false positive", but there is nothing false
> about it.  It is an empirical observation about half the traffic.  The
> right way to look at it is as a *default* IW X is causing issues for
> half your traffic and so it is not a good default.  If you want to be
> more savvy and segregate this traffic because it is holding down the
> global default for everyone else then that seems fine to me.  I.e., use
> IW=3 for this ratty host and run everything else through the adaptive
> procedure.  You can always go get more savvy about caching information.
>
> But, I disagree that such a ratty link holding down the *default* IW is
> somehow wrong.  It might be suboptimal.  It might be conservative.  But,
> its probably reasonable.  We're not shooting for optimality.  And, even
> if we were we'd never get it.
>

Like I said repeatedly this is not about some minor optimization. It'd be
silly
and futile to try to seek optimization in the grand scheme of things. My
concern
is that some seemingly edge cases might turn out not to be so as described
in
my bullet 4 previously (cut&paste) below. The threshold of 50% you used
above
is unreal and trivialized the case. A realistic threshold might be between
5-10%.
Again picking a good threshold is another difficult task. Too loose, you
aren't
catching any badness. Too tight, you shutdown IW growth completely. Is it
even
possible to have a single, threshold that is "good enough" (no, I'm not
shooting
for optimality) for global use?

(quote from previous comments)
"4. The proposal makes an assumption that the choice of IW is to
be blamed if the percentage of connection experiencing pkt loss
during its IW is greater than some threshold. But this may not be
true. A host may experience high loss percentage regardless of IW.
E.g., IW3 performs as bad as IW10.

If the losses are spread across a large percentage of connections,
then one can argue it's moot whether an optimal IW is picked because
performance will suck for most connections anyway (assuming a high
loss threshold of, e.g., 5%). But if the losses concentrate on only
5% of remote peers and these peers suffer real high pkt loss rate,
this false positive will forbid IW to ever grow, and hence deprives
the rest 95% connections of the benefit of a larger IW.

I have no idea how often this false positive case might exist but
if it turns out to be a large percentage then the proposal will be
worthless in terms of addressing the small IW problem."

Jerry


> allman
>
>
>
>

--000e0cd51a4a563e210499328277
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

On Thu, Jan 6, 2011 at 6:32 AM, Mark Allman <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:mallman@icir.org">mallman@icir.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div=
 class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 =
0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
<br>
Jerry-<br>
<div class=3D"im"><br>
&gt; I think you&#39;ve missed my main point (really #2 if you read on), wh=
ich<br>
&gt; is not about stuffing a few counters in some persistent storage (only<=
br>
&gt; needed before system shutdown), but about whether the local storage is=
<br>
&gt; even available and usable for this purpose.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; This requirement will likely rule out many client devices, which is a<=
br>
&gt; shame IMO.<br>
<br>
</div>Maybe my mental model is busted but I am struggling with the notion t=
hat<br>
there are &quot;many&quot; (what is that?) &quot;client devices&quot; (what=
 are these?) that<br>
both have no non-volatile storage and would benefit greatly from larger<br>
IWs.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Joe&#39;s proposal aims at solving=
 the IW growth problem for the next decade (or two).</div><div>Can anyone p=
redict what the future devices and traffic pattern will look like?</div>
<div>It&#39;s also better to have less external dependencies.</div><div><br=
></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-=
left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">
<br>
It does not seem onerous to me to use a design principle that says to be<br=
>
more aggressive you have to track the implications of that<br>
aggressiveness and reduce it if they are too great.<br>
<br>
If you have a situation whereby a host cannot track the implications<br>
because it has no non-volatile storage and it doesn&#39;t stay up long<br>
enough to get a reasonable sample then that host should not be<br>
aggressive.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>So do they get stuck at the=
 bottom (i.e., IW3) forever? IW10 would be a much</div><div>preferred value=
 to get stuck with. Otherwise=A0I&#39;d prefer to give them a path to</div>
<div>grow, e.g., by figuring out a way to=A0monitor=A0the usage of IW and i=
ts effect (if</div><div>feasible), and periodically publish progress report=
s giving=A0green light to some IW.</div><div><br></div><div>BTW, the propos=
al is not clear on hosts that never last longer than the check</div>
<div>period=A0due to system shutdown and inability to save counters. They d=
on&#39;t get</div><div>to grow nor=A0shrink the IW. But what&#39;s the IW t=
o use to begin with (MaxIW or</div><div>MinIW??)</div><div><br></div><block=
quote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc=
 solid;padding-left:1ex;">

<div class=3D"im"><br>
&gt; I understand the proposal strives to achieve two goals,<br>
&gt; 1) to prevent an overly aggressive IW from causing too much badness<br=
>
&gt; (subject to some agreed-upon tolerance) on a very large (e.g., global)=
<br>
&gt; scale,<br>
&gt; 2) to find an automated way to grow IW for the foreseeable future (e.g=
.,<br>
&gt; over the next decade)<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; and I&#39;m being very realistic about it, i.e., not clinging to edge<=
br>
&gt; cases. =A0But I just haven&#39;t convinced myself the likelihood that =
the<br>
&gt; proposed algorithm actually works (i.e., achieving the two goals<br>
&gt; above) is high. What if the scenarios I (and perhaps Nandita too)<br>
&gt; described turn out not to be the edge but the norm? The algorithm will=
<br>
&gt; either not catch enough badness until IW grows too large to cause real=
<br>
&gt; damage, or generate too much false positive to prevent IW from ever<br=
>
&gt; growing. Neither is the outcome we want to see.<br>
<br>
</div>I just disagree.<br>
<br>
First, if we make only modest increases in the IW at fairly gross<br>
intervals (e.g., bump by 1 packet at most once / month) then it seems to<br=
>
me the probability of &quot;causing real damage&quot; is quite low. =A0Cert=
ainly<br>
lower than increasing a static value from 3 to 10, say.<br></blockquote><di=
v><br></div><div>There is a MaxIW based on year so it&#39;d take years for =
IW to grow. But my</div><div>point was if the algorithm just fails to catch=
 badness, although it may take</div>
<div>a long time to grow IW but it will get there at some point to cause da=
mage.</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin=
:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">Second, I don&#39=
;t buy the notion of a &quot;false positive&quot;. =A0If you have a<br>

case where 50% of the connections use IW=3DX and work fine and 50% of the<b=
r>
connections that use IW=3DX see loss then that is not a reasonable default<=
br>
IW to use. =A0Even if the 50% that don&#39;t work all go to one host across=
<br>
some ratty link. =A0You can say that is holding down the growth<br>
unnecessarily if you want, but my view is that is the wrong way to look<br>
at it. =A0You can call that a &quot;false positive&quot;, but there is noth=
ing false<br>
about it. =A0It is an empirical observation about half the traffic. =A0The<=
br>
right way to look at it is as a *default* IW X is causing issues for<br>
half your traffic and so it is not a good default. =A0If you want to be<br>
more savvy and segregate this traffic because it is holding down the<br>
global default for everyone else then that seems fine to me. =A0I.e., use<b=
r>
IW=3D3 for this ratty host and run everything else through the adaptive<br>
procedure. =A0You can always go get more savvy about caching information.<b=
r>
<br>
But, I disagree that such a ratty link holding down the *default* IW is<br>
somehow wrong. =A0It might be suboptimal. =A0It might be conservative. =A0B=
ut,<br>
its probably reasonable. =A0We&#39;re not shooting for optimality. =A0And, =
even<br>
if we were we&#39;d never get it.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Like =
I said repeatedly this is not about some minor optimization. It&#39;d be si=
lly</div><div>and futile to try to seek optimization in the grand scheme of=
 things. My concern</div>
<div>is that some=A0seemingly edge cases might turn out not to be so as des=
cribed in</div><div>my bullet 4=A0previously (cut&amp;paste) below. The thr=
eshold of 50% you used above</div><div>is unreal=A0and trivialized the case=
. A realistic threshold might be between 5-10%.</div>
<div>Again=A0picking a good threshold is another difficult task. Too loose,=
 you aren&#39;t</div><div>catching=A0any badness. Too tight, you shutdown I=
W growth completely. Is it even</div><div>possible=A0to have a single, thre=
shold that is &quot;good enough&quot; (no, I&#39;m not shooting</div>
<div>for optimality)=A0for global use?</div><div><br></div><div>(quote from=
 previous comments)</div><div>&quot;4. The proposal makes an assumption tha=
t the choice of IW is to</div><div>be blamed if the percentage of connectio=
n experiencing pkt loss</div>
<div>during its IW is greater than some threshold. But this may not be</div=
><div>true. A host may experience high loss percentage regardless of IW.</d=
iv><div>E.g., IW3 performs as bad as IW10.</div><div><br></div><div>If the =
losses are spread across a large percentage of connections,</div>
<div>then one can argue it&#39;s moot whether an optimal IW is picked becau=
se</div><div>performance will suck for most connections anyway (assuming a =
high</div><div>loss threshold of, e.g., 5%). But if the losses concentrate =
on only</div>
<div>5% of remote peers and these peers suffer real high pkt loss rate,</di=
v><div>this false positive will forbid IW to ever grow, and hence deprives<=
/div><div>the rest 95% connections of the benefit of a larger IW.</div>
<div><br></div><div>I have no idea how often this false positive case might=
 exist but</div><div>if it turns out to be a large percentage then the prop=
osal will be</div><div>worthless in terms of addressing the small IW proble=
m.&quot;</div>
<div><br></div><div>Jerry</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_qu=
ote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex=
;">
<font color=3D"#888888"><br>
allman<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</font></blockquote></div><br>

--000e0cd51a4a563e210499328277--

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> > First, if we make only modest increases in the IW at fairly gross
> > intervals (e.g., bump by 1 packet at most once / month) then it seems to
> > me the probability of "causing real damage" is quite low.  Certainly
> > lower than increasing a static value from 3 to 10, say.
> 
> There is a MaxIW based on year so it'd take years for IW to grow. But
> my point was if the algorithm just fails to catch badness, although it
> may take a long time to grow IW but it will get there at some point to
> cause damage.

Sure... the algorithm has one definition of badness (loss in the initial
cwnd).  If you have a better definition of badness please lay it on us.

And, yes, ultimately we are making an engineering judgment that says the
progression of the IW is conservative enough that we do not believe it
will cause big issues.  Is that true?  I don't know.  But, (a) I think
the progress is pretty conservative and so the magnitude of any damage
is likely to be modest at worst and (b) there is a built-in way to
observe the issues and back the IW off.

This is, IMO, very similar to making an engineering judgment of some
static IW (like IW=10).  What we have is a collection of anecdotes that
say (to some of us) its likely OK.  Do we know it will be OK when
everyone uses it?  Do we know it won't be Quite Bad for various pieces
of the network?  Do we know it won't "cause damage"?  We don't.

> A realistic threshold might be between 5-10%.  Again picking a good
> threshold is another difficult task. Too loose, you aren't catching
> any badness. Too tight, you shutdown IW growth completely. Is it even
> possible to have a single, threshold that is "good enough" (no, I'm
> not shooting for optimality) for global use?

Well, I don't expect to agree here, but I think anything is 5--10% is
fine.  I also don't care if the arrived at IW is 7 or 9 or 11.  This is
an initial parameter.  We should strive to simply have it set somewhere
within the right ballpark.

The adaptive scheme, I believe, flips the decision from something we
don't care about (the initial cwnd value) to something we do care about
(the implications of TCP's initial settings).  The arguments about
IW=10, say, have not been "well, that's not a power of 2 and so I hate
it" or "I love it because my birthday is the 10th" or whatever.  Rather,
the discussion has focused on how that IW impacts the traffic and the
network.  Nobody cares about the number.

So, let's just directly focus on something we care about.  If our
tolerance is X% then what we're saying is that we want to get the best
possible performance with the constraint that <= X% of the connections
should experience loss within the initial cwnd.  That statement says
nothing about how we want to evolve the IW parameter.  That statement is
an objective statement of a property of our traffic.  That will drive an
IW choice.  But, the IW choice is implementing the policy statement and
therefore whether it grows or shrinks or whatever is immaterial.
Rather, what we care about is the policy statement.  I think we're still
getting too hung up on "what will the IW be?".

And, if you want to be smarter about things and happen to notice its one
host (say) causing much of the loss in the initial window and want to
drop the IW for that host and let the IW adapt higher for the remainder
then that's fine.  In the aggregate you're still <= X%.  So, depending
on how smart you want to be you don't have to let the tail wag the dog.
But, if you don't want the complexity then you may have to live with a
less optimal result.  But, that's *your* choice as an implementer /
operator.

allman




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From: Jerry Chu <hkchu@google.com>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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On Thu, Jan 6, 2011 at 10:34 AM, Eddy, Wesley M. (GRC-MS00)[ASRC AEROSPACE
CORP] <wesley.m.eddy@nasa.gov> wrote:

> I've been thinking we might wind up with some set of A/B/C in conjunction.
>  It seems like they don't have to be mutually exclusive since different
> hosts could implement different Experimenal policies, as long as each is
> felt to be reasonable for Experimental.  Of course, it would probably be
> better to have one Proposed Standard.
>

Agreed 100%.

To me it's an obvious choice if C) proves to be feasible, i.e., translating
into say,
no more than 50 lines of simple code, not inflicting any noticeable
performance
penalty, without any external dependencies, and actually works as expected
(i.e., attaining its goals of allowing a timely growth path for IW without
causing
significant more global congestions) then who would say no to that magic?

But it is still a long IF IMO. (Note I'm not saying I don't believe C) will
work.
It's just I still have my doubt.)

Also it seems to me a combination of A) and B) may serve those hosts that
just
can't do C) (e.g., either w/o persistent storage or having one but not
usable
for C)'s purpose).

Jerry


> ________________________________________
> From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Mark
> Allman [mallman@icir.org]
> Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 1:19 PM
> To: tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
>
> Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some matter
> of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG preference
> on the *approach* to changing the initial window.  So, putting aside the
> particulars for a moment and just thinking about the approach I'd like
> to take a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way (obviously)
> poll to take the WG's pulse.
>
> So, do you prefer ...
>
> (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
>    value.
>
>    (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
>    explicitly not asking about IW=10, just IW=some_X.)
>
> (B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of IW
>    updates to play out over some period of time.
>
>    (Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
>    explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)
>
> (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their IW
>    over time.
>
>    (Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
>    explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
>    overall approach.)
>
> (D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to think it
>    needs changed.
>
> Thanks!
>
> allman
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>

--0015174ff4faae0d48049933c3ae
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On Thu, Jan 6, 2011 at 10:34 AM, Eddy, Wesley M. (GRC-MS00)[ASRC AEROSPACE =
CORP] <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:wesley.m.eddy@nasa.gov">wesle=
y.m.eddy@nasa.gov</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><bloc=
kquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #cc=
c solid;padding-left:1ex;">
I&#39;ve been thinking we might wind up with some set of A/B/C in conjuncti=
on. =A0It seems like they don&#39;t have to be mutually exclusive since dif=
ferent hosts could implement different Experimenal policies, as long as eac=
h is felt to be reasonable for Experimental. =A0Of course, it would probabl=
y be better to have one Proposed Standard.<br>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Agreed 100%.</div><div><br></div><div>To m=
e it&#39;s an obvious choice if C) proves to be feasible, i.e., translating=
 into say,</div><div>no more than 50 lines of simple code, not inflicting a=
ny noticeable performance</div>
<div>penalty,=A0without any external dependencies, and actually works as ex=
pected</div><div>(i.e., attaining its goals of allowing a timely growth pat=
h for IW without causing</div><div>significant more global congestions)=A0t=
hen who=A0would say no to that magic?</div>
<div><br></div><div>But it is still a long IF IMO. (Note I&#39;m not saying=
 I don&#39;t believe C) will work.</div><div>It&#39;s just=A0I still have m=
y doubt.)</div><div><br></div><div>Also it seems to me a combination of A) =
and B) may serve those hosts that just</div>
<div>can&#39;t=A0do C) (e.g., either w/o=A0persistent storage or having one=
 but not usable</div><div>for C)&#39;s=A0purpose).</div><div><br></div><div=
>Jerry</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margi=
n:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex;">

<br>
________________________________________<br>
From: <a href=3D"mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org">tcpm-bounces@ietf.org</a> [<=
a href=3D"mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org">tcpm-bounces@ietf.org</a>] On Behal=
f Of Mark Allman [<a href=3D"mailto:mallman@icir.org">mallman@icir.org</a>]=
<br>

Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 1:19 PM<br>
To: <a href=3D"mailto:tcpm@ietf.org">tcpm@ietf.org</a><br>
Subject: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd<br>
<div><div></div><div class=3D"h5"><br>
Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some matter<br=
>
of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG preference<br=
>
on the *approach* to changing the initial window. =A0So, putting aside the<=
br>
particulars for a moment and just thinking about the approach I&#39;d like<=
br>
to take a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way (obviously)<br=
>
poll to take the WG&#39;s pulse.<br>
<br>
So, do you prefer ...<br>
<br>
(A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated<br>
 =A0 =A0value.<br>
<br>
 =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am<br>
 =A0 =A0explicitly not asking about IW=3D10, just IW=3Dsome_X.)<br>
<br>
(B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of IW<br>
 =A0 =A0updates to play out over some period of time.<br>
<br>
 =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am=
<br>
 =A0 =A0explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)<br>
<br>
(C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their IW<br>
 =A0 =A0over time.<br>
<br>
 =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am<b=
r>
 =A0 =A0explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the<=
br>
 =A0 =A0overall approach.)<br>
<br>
(D) The current IW seems OK and I haven&#39;t seen a good reason to think i=
t<br>
 =A0 =A0needs changed.<br>
<br>
Thanks!<br>
<br>
allman<br>
</div></div>_______________________________________________<br>
tcpm mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:tcpm@ietf.org">tcpm@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm" target=3D"_blank">ht=
tps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br>

--0015174ff4faae0d48049933c3ae--

From johnwheffner@gmail.com  Thu Jan  6 13:18:12 2011
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From: John Heffner <johnwheffner@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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As a firm believer in simplicity where possible, I have strong
reservations on (C).

If approach (D) is chosen, implementors will very soon start making
their own choices for non-standard IW.  It's not clear to me this is a
bad thing, but it could be.

  -John


On Thu, Jan 6, 2011 at 1:19 PM, Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org> wrote:
>
> Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some matter
> of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG preference
> on the *approach* to changing the initial window. =A0So, putting aside th=
e
> particulars for a moment and just thinking about the approach I'd like
> to take a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way (obviously)
> poll to take the WG's pulse.
>
> So, do you prefer ...
>
> (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
> =A0 =A0value.
>
> =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> =A0 =A0explicitly not asking about IW=3D10, just IW=3Dsome_X.)
>
> (B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of IW
> =A0 =A0updates to play out over some period of time.
>
> =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I a=
m
> =A0 =A0explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)
>
> (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their IW
> =A0 =A0over time.
>
> =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
> =A0 =A0explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
> =A0 =A0overall approach.)
>
> (D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to think it
> =A0 =A0needs changed.
>
> Thanks!
>
> allman
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>
>

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From: "Scheffenegger, Richard" <rs@netapp.com>
To: "John Heffner" <johnwheffner@gmail.com>, <mallman@icir.org>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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Certain implementors have already choosen, if the points in Dave's =
presentation are adopted to main linux, for all I know.

For the record, given the simplicity I would prefer (A) for low-end / =
"closed" environment applications, and (C) for high-volume + public =
deployments (ie. Home users/corporate intranets could do with a single =
updated IW; operators who could have an impact on a larger (global) =
scale to the public internet, should go with (C) - adding some =
accountability, basically).

Regards,
   Richard


> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Heffner [mailto:johnwheffner@gmail.com]
> Sent: Donnerstag, 06. J=E4nner 2011 22:20
> To: mallman@icir.org
> Cc: tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
>=20
> As a firm believer in simplicity where possible, I have strong
> reservations on (C).
>=20
> If approach (D) is chosen, implementors will very soon start making
> their own choices for non-standard IW.  It's not clear to me this is a
> bad thing, but it could be.
>=20
>   -John
>=20
>=20
> On Thu, Jan 6, 2011 at 1:19 PM, Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org> wrote:
> >
> > Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some
> matter
> > of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG
> preference
> > on the *approach* to changing the initial window. =A0So, putting =
aside
> the
> > particulars for a moment and just thinking about the approach I'd
> like
> > to take a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way
> (obviously)
> > poll to take the WG's pulse.
> >
> > So, do you prefer ...
> >
> > (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
> > =A0 =A0value.
> >
> > =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> > =A0 =A0explicitly not asking about IW=3D10, just IW=3Dsome_X.)
> >
> > (B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of
> IW
> > =A0 =A0updates to play out over some period of time.
> >
> > =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, =
but I
> am
> > =A0 =A0explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)
> >
> > (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their
> IW
> > =A0 =A0over time.
> >
> > =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but =
I am
> > =A0 =A0explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, =
just the
> > =A0 =A0overall approach.)
> >
> > (D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to =
think
> it
> > =A0 =A0needs changed.
> >
> > Thanks!
> >
> > allman
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > tcpm mailing list
> > tcpm@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
> >
> >
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

From Michael.Scharf@alcatel-lucent.com  Thu Jan  6 15:02:00 2011
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I would allow (A) because of its simplicity, but the same I-D should
also mandate implementors to carefully monitor the impact and strongly
recommend to revert to IW3 if any harm is observed. As one potential
(recommended?) solution for this, it could propose a procedure somehow
along the lines of (C).

IMHO implementors MUST really carefully monitor the impact of an
increased IW, in particular for large-scale deployments. This can be
done by a procedure similar to draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00, but
probably also by other control loops, e. g., by regularly monitoring
transaction times at application level. The IETF should describe one
application-agnostic way of monitoring the impact of a larger IW, but
also allow implementors to come up with other solutions.

Michael


> -----Original Message-----
> From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On=20
> Behalf Of Mark Allman
> Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 7:20 PM
> To: tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
>=20
>=20
> Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in=20
> some matter of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort=20
> of clear WG preference on the *approach* to changing the=20
> initial window.  So, putting aside the particulars for a=20
> moment and just thinking about the approach I'd like to take=20
> a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way=20
> (obviously) poll to take the WG's pulse.
>=20
> So, do you prefer ...
>=20
> (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
>     value.
>=20
>     (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
>     explicitly not asking about IW=3D10, just IW=3Dsome_X.)
>=20
> (B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of IW
>     updates to play out over some period of time.
>=20
>     (Current proposal:=20
> draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
>     explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)
>=20
> (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to=20
> adapt their IW
>     over time.
>=20
>     (Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
>     explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
>     overall approach.)
>=20
> (D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason=20
> to think it
>     needs changed.
>=20
> Thanks!
>=20
> allman
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20

From Anumita.Biswas@netapp.com  Thu Jan  6 17:20:48 2011
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From: "Biswas, Anumita" <Anumita.Biswas@netapp.com>
To: "Scheffenegger, Richard" <rs@netapp.com>, "John Heffner" <johnwheffner@gmail.com>, <mallman@icir.org>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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Fwiw, I prefer us going with (C) as well. A static value always has the =
problem that it has to be revisited frequently and there is no guarantee =
that it is correct for a given environment. Some implementations may be =
more aggressive than others in setting the static value by not following =
the standard spec as well.

As we have seen from the many discussions on tcpm on IW, the problem is =
complex to solve. So I am not sure if we can reach consensus quickly on =
the algorithm to increase/decrease IW. In the spirit of making forward =
progress, perhaps it makes sense to increase the IW "somewhat" =
statically (option A) and continue to work on the dynamic algorithm =
proposal.

Also the loss distribution across all connections on a host is not =
uniform when that host has connections to destinations on widely varying =
networks (LANs and WANs). In a perfect world, path heuristics of each =
connection should play into the algorithm (RTT, delay, local/remote =
destination) so that the least lossy connections get the highest IW =
versus the most lossy connections getting lower IWs.

Cheers,
Anumita.

-----Original Message-----
From: Scheffenegger, Richard=20
Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 2:14 PM
To: John Heffner; mallman@icir.org
Cc: tcpm@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd


Certain implementors have already choosen, if the points in Dave's =
presentation are adopted to main linux, for all I know.

For the record, given the simplicity I would prefer (A) for low-end / =
"closed" environment applications, and (C) for high-volume + public =
deployments (ie. Home users/corporate intranets could do with a single =
updated IW; operators who could have an impact on a larger (global) =
scale to the public internet, should go with (C) - adding some =
accountability, basically).

Regards,
   Richard


> -----Original Message-----
> From: John Heffner [mailto:johnwheffner@gmail.com]
> Sent: Donnerstag, 06. J=E4nner 2011 22:20
> To: mallman@icir.org
> Cc: tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
>=20
> As a firm believer in simplicity where possible, I have strong
> reservations on (C).
>=20
> If approach (D) is chosen, implementors will very soon start making
> their own choices for non-standard IW.  It's not clear to me this is a
> bad thing, but it could be.
>=20
>   -John
>=20
>=20
> On Thu, Jan 6, 2011 at 1:19 PM, Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org> wrote:
> >
> > Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some
> matter
> > of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG
> preference
> > on the *approach* to changing the initial window. =A0So, putting =
aside
> the
> > particulars for a moment and just thinking about the approach I'd
> like
> > to take a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way
> (obviously)
> > poll to take the WG's pulse.
> >
> > So, do you prefer ...
> >
> > (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
> > =A0 =A0value.
> >
> > =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> > =A0 =A0explicitly not asking about IW=3D10, just IW=3Dsome_X.)
> >
> > (B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of
> IW
> > =A0 =A0updates to play out over some period of time.
> >
> > =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, =
but I
> am
> > =A0 =A0explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)
> >
> > (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their
> IW
> > =A0 =A0over time.
> >
> > =A0 =A0(Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but =
I am
> > =A0 =A0explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, =
just the
> > =A0 =A0overall approach.)
> >
> > (D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to =
think
> it
> > =A0 =A0needs changed.
> >
> > Thanks!
> >
> > allman
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > tcpm mailing list
> > tcpm@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
> >
> >
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
_______________________________________________
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From muraris@microsoft.com  Thu Jan  6 18:43:08 2011
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From: Murari Sridharan <muraris@microsoft.com>
To: "mallman@icir.org" <mallman@icir.org>, "tcpm@ietf.org" <tcpm@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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Orders of magnitude jump in bandwidth, with majortiy of link upgrades take =
time so i prefer a simple approach, its been a while since we updated Cwnd =
and there is evidence of larger windows along the values proposed so i'd st=
ongly prefer A. However hosts MUST monitor loss patterns and revert to olde=
r defaults and cache these settubgs per-network. We already cache per-netwo=
rk properties so it should be trivial to do. There are things i like in (B)=
 which could be folded into a proposal recommending A. Everything else is u=
nnecessarily complex and is likely to be error prone.=20

Thanks
Murari=20
________________________________________
From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] on behalf of Mark Allma=
n [mallman@icir.org]
Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 10:19 AM
To: tcpm@ietf.org
Subject: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd

Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some matter
of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG preference
on the *approach* to changing the initial window.  So, putting aside the
particulars for a moment and just thinking about the approach I'd like
to take a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way (obviously)
poll to take the WG's pulse.

So, do you prefer ...

(A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
    value.

    (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking about IW=3D10, just IW=3Dsome_X.)

(B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of IW
    updates to play out over some period of time.

    (Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)

(C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their IW
    over time.

    (Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
    explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
    overall approach.)

(D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to think it
    needs changed.

Thanks!

allman=

From touch@isi.edu  Thu Jan  6 20:56:14 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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On 1/6/2011 6:45 PM, Murari Sridharan wrote:
> Orders of magnitude jump in bandwidth, with majortiy of link
> upgrades take time so i prefer a simple approach, its been a while
> since we updated Cwnd and there is evidence of larger windows along
> the values proposed so i'd stongly prefer A.

OK, so you're for (A).

> However hosts MUST
> monitor loss patterns and revert to older defaults and cache these
> settubgs per-network.

That's basically (C) - understanding that the particular algorithm is 
subject to revision.

 > We already cache per-network properties so it
> should be trivial to do. There are things i like in (B) which could
> be folded into a proposal recommending A.

That's now (B)?

I'm confused as to what your response supports, FWIW.

Joe

From alexander.zimmermann@comsys.rwth-aachen.de  Fri Jan  7 01:10:23 2011
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Hi,

as many of us I believe that (d) is not a solution. If we miss the
opportunity to treat the IW now, implementers will do it for us...
(and without us)

In general I prefer (C), but besides the question on how we can
increase the IW (C or A), I see another big problem: TIME.

So, who is willing
  - to write I-D (C)=20
  - to implement and demonstrate (Cs) (adress Jerry's concerns)

I we go the c-way, we really need an strict time schedule.

Alex

Am 07.01.2011 um 02:22 schrieb Biswas, Anumita:

> Fwiw, I prefer us going with (C) as well. A static value always has =
the problem that it has to be revisited frequently and there is no =
guarantee that it is correct for a given environment. Some =
implementations may be more aggressive than others in setting the static =
value by not following the standard spec as well.

100% agreed.

>=20
> As we have seen from the many discussions on tcpm on IW, the problem =
is complex to solve. So I am not sure if we can reach consensus quickly =
on the algorithm to increase/decrease IW. In the spirit of making =
forward progress, perhaps it makes sense to increase the IW "somewhat" =
statically (option A) and continue to work on the dynamic algorithm =
proposal.

I like this idea.

>=20
>=20
> Cheers,
> Anumita.
>=20

//
// Dipl.-Inform. Alexander Zimmermann
// Department of Computer Science, Informatik 4
// RWTH Aachen University
// Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
// phone: (49-241) 80-21422, fax: (49-241) 80-22222
// email: zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de
// web: http://www.umic-mesh.net
//


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From ka-cheong.poon@oracle.com  Fri Jan  7 02:19:13 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
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On 01/ 7/11 02:34 AM, Eddy, Wesley M. (GRC-MS00)[ASRC AEROSPACE CORP] wrote:
> I've been thinking we might wind up with some set of A/B/C in
> conjunction.  It seems like they don't have to be mutually exclusive
> since different hosts could implement different Experimenal policies,
> as long as each is felt to be reasonable for Experimental.  Of
> course, it would probably be better to have one Proposed Standard.


Agreed.  I don't think one size fits all.  A procedure to find out
the right value in one site may not be applicable to another site.
It seems that folks are too eager in finding a "universal" solution
when one may not exist.  If (C) is rephrased as

Define some guidelines which a site MAY follow to determine the
right IW.

I'd vote for that.  Otherwise, I'd vote for (A) and wait for the
next time this issue comes up again :-)  This is not (B) since
I cannot see the future so I don't believe a schedule of updates
can be made.


> ________________________________________

> From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org
> [tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Mark Allman [mallman@icir.org]
> Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 1:19 PM To: tcpm@ietf.org Subject:
> [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
>
> Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in some
> matter of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort of clear WG
> preference on the *approach* to changing the initial window.  So,
> putting aside the particulars for a moment and just thinking about
> the approach I'd like to take a quick, informal, absolutely
> non-binding in any way (obviously) poll to take the WG's pulse.
>
> So, do you prefer ...
>
> (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
> value.
>
> (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> explicitly not asking about IW=10, just IW=some_X.)
>
> (B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of
> IW updates to play out over some period of time.
>
> (Current proposal: draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)
>
> (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to adapt their
> IW over time.
>
> (Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
> explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
> overall approach.)
>
> (D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason to think
> it needs changed.
>
> Thanks!
>
> allman _______________________________________________ tcpm mailing
> list tcpm@ietf.org https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm


-- 

					K. Poon.
					ka-cheong.poon@oracle.com

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A) for me; it is simple.

C) is great for sophisiticated implementors with a sophisticated infrastructure
to suppport the implementation, which I think will often not be the case.
Perhaps
one for an xxxRG not a WG.

D) I do not believe will ever happen.

Tom Petch

----- Original Message -----
From: "SCHARF, Michael" <Michael.Scharf@alcatel-lucent.com>
To: <tcpm@ietf.org>
Sent: Friday, January 07, 2011 12:04 AM
Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd


> I would allow (A) because of its simplicity, but the same I-D should
> also mandate implementors to carefully monitor the impact and strongly
> recommend to revert to IW3 if any harm is observed. As one potential
> (recommended?) solution for this, it could propose a procedure somehow
> along the lines of (C).
>
> IMHO implementors MUST really carefully monitor the impact of an
> increased IW, in particular for large-scale deployments. This can be
> done by a procedure similar to draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00, but
> probably also by other control loops, e. g., by regularly monitoring
> transaction times at application level. The IETF should describe one
> application-agnostic way of monitoring the impact of a larger IW, but
> also allow implementors to come up with other solutions.
>
> Michael
>
>
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On
> > Behalf Of Mark Allman
> > Sent: Thursday, January 06, 2011 7:20 PM
> > To: tcpm@ietf.org
> > Subject: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
> >
> >
> > Given that there are three proposals put down in I-D form in
> > some matter of baked-ness I am wondering if there is any sort
> > of clear WG preference on the *approach* to changing the
> > initial window.  So, putting aside the particulars for a
> > moment and just thinking about the approach I'd like to take
> > a quick, informal, absolutely non-binding in any way
> > (obviously) poll to take the WG's pulse.
> >
> > So, do you prefer ...
> >
> > (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
> >     value.
> >
> >     (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> >     explicitly not asking about IW=10, just IW=some_X.)
> >
> > (B) To increase the current static IW definition with a schedule of IW
> >     updates to play out over some period of time.
> >
> >     (Current proposal:
> > draft-allman-tcpm-bump-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> >     explicitly not asking if you like the given schedule.)
> >
> > (C) To define a procedure for hosts to figure out how to
> > adapt their IW
> >     over time.
> >
> >     (Current proposal: draft-touch-tcpm-automatic-iw-00.txt, but I am
> >     explicitly not asking if you buy the particulars of this, just the
> >     overall approach.)
> >
> > (D) The current IW seems OK and I haven't seen a good reason
> > to think it
> >     needs changed.
> >
> > Thanks!
> >
> > allman
> >
> >
> >
> >
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm


From perfgeek@mac.com  Fri Jan  7 08:21:17 2011
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On Jan 6, 2011, at 10:19 AM, Mark Allman wrote:
> So, do you prefer ...
>
> (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
>    value.
>
>    (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
>    explicitly not asking about IW=10, just IW=some_X.)

A.

Paint it yellow and ship it. (*)

rick jones

(*) http://greateasyjet.com/funny/paint_yellow.html

http://homepage.mac.com/perfgeek


From fernando.gont.netbook.win@gmail.com  Fri Jan  7 15:57:40 2011
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Subject: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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Folks,

We have published the I-D "Defending Against Sequence Number Attacks"
(draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00), which is a revision of Steven's RFC1948.

The Abstract of the I-D is:
---- cut here ----
This document specifies an algorithm for the generation of TCP
Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs), such that the chances of an off-path
attacker of guessing the sequence numbers in use by a target
connection are reduced.  This document is a revision of RFC 1948, and
takes the ISN generation algorithm originally proposed in that
document to Standards Track.
---- cut here ----

Any comments will be more than welcome.

Thanks,
Fernando




-------- Original Message --------
Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
Date: Mon,  3 Jan 2011 12:35:29 -0800 (PST)
From: IETF I-D Submission Tool <idsubmission@ietf.org>
To: fernando@gont.com.ar
CC: bellovin@acm.org


A new version of I-D, draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00.txt has been
successfully submitted by Fernando Gont and posted to the IETF repository.

Filename:	 draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis
Revision:	 00
Title:		 Defending Against Sequence Number Attacks
Creation_date:	 2011-01-03
WG ID:		 Independent Submission
Number_of_pages: 12

Abstract:
This document specifies an algorithm for the generation of TCP
Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs), such that the chances of an off-path
attacker of guessing the sequence numbers in use by a target
connection are reduced.  This document is a revision of RFC 1948, and
takes the ISN generation algorithm originally proposed in that
document to Standards Track.




The IETF Secretariat.




From hal.wigoda@gmail.com  Fri Jan  7 20:48:59 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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Where can I get copy  of this as I=20
am doing a paper on Covert Channels over TCP/IP using the sequence =
number field....

On Jan 7, 2011, at 5:24 PM, Fernando Gont wrote:

> Folks,
>=20
> We have published the I-D "Defending Against Sequence Number Attacks"
> (draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00), which is a revision of Steven's =
RFC1948.
>=20
> The Abstract of the I-D is:
> ---- cut here ----
> This document specifies an algorithm for the generation of TCP
> Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs), such that the chances of an off-path
> attacker of guessing the sequence numbers in use by a target
> connection are reduced.  This document is a revision of RFC 1948, and
> takes the ISN generation algorithm originally proposed in that
> document to Standards Track.
> ---- cut here ----
>=20
> Any comments will be more than welcome.
>=20
> Thanks,
> Fernando
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
> Date: Mon,  3 Jan 2011 12:35:29 -0800 (PST)
> From: IETF I-D Submission Tool <idsubmission@ietf.org>
> To: fernando@gont.com.ar
> CC: bellovin@acm.org
>=20
>=20
> A new version of I-D, draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00.txt has been
> successfully submitted by Fernando Gont and posted to the IETF =
repository.
>=20
> Filename:	 draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis
> Revision:	 00
> Title:		 Defending Against Sequence Number Attacks
> Creation_date:	 2011-01-03
> WG ID:		 Independent Submission
> Number_of_pages: 12
>=20
> Abstract:
> This document specifies an algorithm for the generation of TCP
> Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs), such that the chances of an off-path
> attacker of guessing the sequence numbers in use by a target
> connection are reduced.  This document is a revision of RFC 1948, and
> takes the ISN generation algorithm originally proposed in that
> document to Standards Track.
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> The IETF Secretariat.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm


From rs@netapp.com  Sat Jan  8 06:34:14 2011
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From: "Scheffenegger, Richard" <rs@netapp.com>
To: "Fernando Gont" <fernando@gont.com.ar>, <tcpm@ietf.org>
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Fernando, group,


On the basis of "eating our own dogfood", updating rfc1948 to make it to =
standards track and updating it with current findings is a supportable =
idea.=20

However, the complete replacement of the references to MD5 with SHA256 =
may be discussable still - a partial list of acceptable hash algorithms =
may be advisable (ie. MD5 might be more readily available to an =
implementer, than SHA-256; thus he may want to skip proper ISN =
generation altogether, if SHA-256 has to be implemented first. Or only a =
poor substitute (such as PRN generator as MT64 (or even the =
compiler-default random()) may be used as hash....

Only found a typo (section B.1 s/Informaitonal/Informational/).

Regards,
   Richard


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Fernando Gont [mailto:fernando@gont.com.ar]
> Sent: Samstag, 08. J=E4nner 2011 00:24
> To: tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification fordraft-gont-tcpm-
> rfc1948bis-00
>=20
> Folks,
>=20
> We have published the I-D "Defending Against Sequence Number Attacks"
> (draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00), which is a revision of Steven's
> RFC1948.
>=20
> The Abstract of the I-D is:
> ---- cut here ----
> This document specifies an algorithm for the generation of TCP
> Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs), such that the chances of an off-path
> attacker of guessing the sequence numbers in use by a target
> connection are reduced.  This document is a revision of RFC 1948, and
> takes the ISN generation algorithm originally proposed in that
> document to Standards Track.
> ---- cut here ----
>=20
> Any comments will be more than welcome.
>=20
> Thanks,
> Fernando
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> -------- Original Message --------
> Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
> Date: Mon,  3 Jan 2011 12:35:29 -0800 (PST)
> From: IETF I-D Submission Tool <idsubmission@ietf.org>
> To: fernando@gont.com.ar
> CC: bellovin@acm.org
>=20
>=20
> A new version of I-D, draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00.txt has been
> successfully submitted by Fernando Gont and posted to the IETF
> repository.
>=20
> Filename:	 draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis
> Revision:	 00
> Title:		 Defending Against Sequence Number Attacks
> Creation_date:	 2011-01-03
> WG ID:		 Independent Submission
> Number_of_pages: 12
>=20
> Abstract:
> This document specifies an algorithm for the generation of TCP
> Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs), such that the chances of an off-path
> attacker of guessing the sequence numbers in use by a target
> connection are reduced.  This document is a revision of RFC 1948, and
> takes the ISN generation algorithm originally proposed in that
> document to Standards Track.
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> The IETF Secretariat.
>=20
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

From fernando.gont.netbook@gmail.com  Sat Jan  8 10:20:05 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification fordraft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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Hi, Richard,

Thanks so much for your timely feedback! -- You'll find my response inline...

On Sat, Jan 8, 2011 at 11:36 AM, Scheffenegger, Richard <rs@netapp.com> wrote:
> However, the complete replacement of the references to MD5 with SHA256 may be discussable
> still - a partial list of acceptable hash algorithms may be advisable (ie. MD5 might be more readily
> available to an implementer, than SHA-256; thus he may want to skip proper ISN generation altogether,
> if SHA-256 has to be implemented first. Or only a poor substitute (such as PRN generator as MT64
> (or even the compiler-default random()) may be used as hash....

The recommendation of SHA-256 instead of MD5 was, for the most part,
in response of my recent experience with the IESG: While pursuing
draft-ietf-tsvwg-port-randomization, they suggested that MD5 be
replaced with SHA-256 (in one of the port randomization algorithms,
which uses the expression specified in RFC1948).

IIRC, both of the co-authors (Steven and me) and Alfred (CC'ed, who
reviewed this document before publication) agreed that MD5 would be
fine for *this* purpose... but went ahead with s/MD5(HMAC-SHA-256/
because of what I mentioned about the IESG.
I also recall that there's an I-D aiming at deprecate MD5 altogether?
-- not sure how it would affect us.

FWIW, I do agree with you that MD5 may be more readily available. --
actually, many systems already implement RFC1948, with MD5 rather than
HMAC-SHA-256.

All the above said, I'd be interested in hearing input from the WG
about this particular issue.


> Only found a typo (section B.1 s/Informaitonal/Informational/).

Will fix this.

Thanks!

Best regards,
Fernando

From L.Wood@surrey.ac.uk  Sat Jan  8 10:51:49 2011
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To: <fernando@gont.com.ar>, <rs@netapp.com>
Date: Sat, 8 Jan 2011 18:53:54 +0000
Thread-Topic: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification fordraft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification	fordraft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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Much discussion of the ID to deprecate MD5 on the main ietf mailing list in=
 last call. Consensus settled around 'MD5 is still useful if there are no s=
ecurity implications, but do a careful security evaluation first before usi=
ng MD5' and this is reflected in the updated
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-turner-md5-seccon-update-08
   Where the MD5 checksum is used inline with the protocol
   solely to protect against errors an MD5 checksum is still an
   acceptable use.  Applications and protocols need to clearly state in
   their security considerations what security services, if any, are
   expected from the MD5 checksum.  In fact, any application and
   protocol that employs MD5 needs to clearly state the expected
   security services from their use of MD5.

My take is that all claimed 'secure' hashes will be found to have collision=
s eventually, which is the nature of most checksums (where probability of c=
olliisions increases with filesize). And there's probably an underlying mat=
hematical proof that there will always be collisions... I am surprised secu=
rity people aren't spending their time recommending that we don't use CRC32=
c, or one's complement checksums, due to the high risk of collisions and ea=
sy falsifiability... OMG, TCP still uses one's complement checksums! On eve=
ry packet! It's insecure! The HORROR! Deprecate TCP NOW!

And you should go ahead and use MD5, because hey, it's still better than th=
e one's complement checksum endemic to TCP, and if TCP is still using one's=
 complement for packets, securing any aspect of TCP is just ridiculous. Usi=
ng either MD5 or SHA for seq no generation is a palliative measure, as your=
 draft says, but using SHA is also a placebo; you think you're getting secu=
rity because it's SHA, but you're not. Stick with MD5, where you know you'r=
e not really getting security, and you therefore don't claim that TCP is se=
cure because SHA is involved.

The IESG response of  'must not use MD5' is the kind of kneejerk similar to=
 that longstanding  'all protocols must implement congestion control'. Not =
suitable in all cases; more rational thought required.

Lloyd Wood
http://sat-net.com/L.Wood/
________________________________________
From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Fernando G=
ont [fernando@gont.com.ar]
Sent: 08 January 2011 18:22
To: Scheffenegger, Richard
Cc: ah@tr-sys.de; tcpm@ietf.org; fernando@gont.com.ar
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification       fordraft-gont-tcpm-=
rfc1948bis-00

Hi, Richard,

Thanks so much for your timely feedback! -- You'll find my response inline.=
..

On Sat, Jan 8, 2011 at 11:36 AM, Scheffenegger, Richard <rs@netapp.com> wro=
te:
> However, the complete replacement of the references to MD5 with SHA256 ma=
y be discussable
> still - a partial list of acceptable hash algorithms may be advisable (ie=
. MD5 might be more readily
> available to an implementer, than SHA-256; thus he may want to skip prope=
r ISN generation altogether,
> if SHA-256 has to be implemented first. Or only a poor substitute (such a=
s PRN generator as MT64
> (or even the compiler-default random()) may be used as hash....

The recommendation of SHA-256 instead of MD5 was, for the most part,
in response of my recent experience with the IESG: While pursuing
draft-ietf-tsvwg-port-randomization, they suggested that MD5 be
replaced with SHA-256 (in one of the port randomization algorithms,
which uses the expression specified in RFC1948).

IIRC, both of the co-authors (Steven and me) and Alfred (CC'ed, who
reviewed this document before publication) agreed that MD5 would be
fine for *this* purpose... but went ahead with s/MD5(HMAC-SHA-256/
because of what I mentioned about the IESG.
I also recall that there's an I-D aiming at deprecate MD5 altogether?
-- not sure how it would affect us.

FWIW, I do agree with you that MD5 may be more readily available. --
actually, many systems already implement RFC1948, with MD5 rather than
HMAC-SHA-256.

All the above said, I'd be interested in hearing input from the WG
about this particular issue.


> Only found a typo (section B.1 s/Informaitonal/Informational/).

Will fix this.

Thanks!

Best regards,
Fernando
_______________________________________________
tcpm mailing list
tcpm@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

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Cc: ah@tr-sys.de, tcpm@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version	Notification	fordraft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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Hi, Lloyd,

On 08/01/2011 03:53 p.m., L.Wood@surrey.ac.uk wrote:
> Much discussion of the ID to deprecate MD5 on the main ietf mailing
> list in last call. Consensus settled around 'MD5 is still useful if
> there are no security implications, but do a careful security
> evaluation first before using MD5' and this is reflected in the
> updated http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-turner-md5-seccon-update-08 
> Where the MD5 checksum is used inline with the protocol solely to
> protect against errors an MD5 checksum is still an acceptable use.
> Applications and protocols need to clearly state in their security
> considerations what security services, if any, are expected from the
> MD5 checksum.  In fact, any application and protocol that employs MD5
> needs to clearly state the expected security services from their use
> of MD5.

Well, but in this case we'd be "assuming" that MD5 is secure (*), and
then the IESG would likely ask us to replace MD5 with SHA-256 during
IESG review -- they did this for port-randomization, which borrows the
scheme from RFC 1948.

(*) For this particular use, we believe that MD5 is still good enough.
-- after all RFC1948 aims at mitigating *blind* attacks (connection
spoofing, etc.). If you're really worried about MD5 collisions for the
ISNs, then you should be using IPsec or the like.


> And you should go ahead and use MD5, because hey, it's still better
> than the one's complement checksum endemic to TCP, and if TCP is
> still using one's complement for packets, securing any aspect of TCP
> is just ridiculous. Using either MD5 or SHA for seq no generation is
> a palliative measure, as your draft says, but using SHA is also a
> placebo; you think you're getting security because it's SHA, but
> you're not. Stick with MD5, where you know you're not really getting
> security, and you therefore don't claim that TCP is secure because
> SHA is involved.

MD5 or SHA buy you the same thing, because in our threat model an
attacker would not be exploiting the collisions properties of MD5.



> The IESG response of  'must not use MD5' is the kind of kneejerk
> similar to that longstanding  'all protocols must implement
> congestion control'. Not suitable in all cases; more rational thought
> required.

But you still need no DISCUSSes for a document to be published as an RFC...

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification for	draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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Hi, Hal,

http://www.ietf.org/id/draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00.txt

Best regards,
Fernando




On 08/01/2011 01:50 a.m., Hal Wigoda wrote:
> 
> Where can I get copy  of this as I 
> am doing a paper on Covert Channels over TCP/IP using the sequence number field....
> 
> On Jan 7, 2011, at 5:24 PM, Fernando Gont wrote:
> 
>> Folks,
>>
>> We have published the I-D "Defending Against Sequence Number Attacks"
>> (draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00), which is a revision of Steven's RFC1948.
>>
>> The Abstract of the I-D is:
>> ---- cut here ----
>> This document specifies an algorithm for the generation of TCP
>> Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs), such that the chances of an off-path
>> attacker of guessing the sequence numbers in use by a target
>> connection are reduced.  This document is a revision of RFC 1948, and
>> takes the ISN generation algorithm originally proposed in that
>> document to Standards Track.
>> ---- cut here ----
>>
>> Any comments will be more than welcome.
>>
>> Thanks,
>> Fernando
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> -------- Original Message --------
>> Subject: New Version Notification for draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
>> Date: Mon,  3 Jan 2011 12:35:29 -0800 (PST)
>> From: IETF I-D Submission Tool <idsubmission@ietf.org>
>> To: fernando@gont.com.ar
>> CC: bellovin@acm.org
>>
>>
>> A new version of I-D, draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00.txt has been
>> successfully submitted by Fernando Gont and posted to the IETF repository.
>>
>> Filename:	 draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis
>> Revision:	 00
>> Title:		 Defending Against Sequence Number Attacks
>> Creation_date:	 2011-01-03
>> WG ID:		 Independent Submission
>> Number_of_pages: 12
>>
>> Abstract:
>> This document specifies an algorithm for the generation of TCP
>> Initial Sequence Numbers (ISNs), such that the chances of an off-path
>> attacker of guessing the sequence numbers in use by a target
>> connection are reduced.  This document is a revision of RFC 1948, and
>> takes the ISN generation algorithm originally proposed in that
>> document to Standards Track.
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> The IETF Secretariat.
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> tcpm mailing list
>> tcpm@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
> 
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
> 

-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





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From: Lars Eggert <lars.eggert@nokia.com>
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Hi,

On 2011-1-8, at 20:22, Fernando Gont wrote:
> The recommendation of SHA-256 instead of MD5 was, for the most part,
> in response of my recent experience with the IESG: While pursuing
> draft-ietf-tsvwg-port-randomization, they suggested that MD5 be
> replaced with SHA-256 (in one of the port randomization algorithms,
> which uses the expression specified in RFC1948).

the suggestion actually came from the sec-dir reviewer, and it wasn't a =
very strong suggestion:

On 2010-2-27, at 4:05, Charlie Kaufman wrote:
> p16 para 2: suggests use of MD5, which is fine from the point of view =
of documenting current practice, and in fact is cryptographically just =
fine in this context. Nevertheless, crypto weenies the world over will =
pounce on you if it looks like you're suggesting that people use it. =
It's probably better to just suggest "some cryptographic hash function", =
or if you have to suggest something specific, perhaps SHA-256. The =
appendix at the end should specify the hash algorithm used by existing =
implementations.

Cullen, who was AD at the time, also commented on this, but basically =
just wanted to make sure that a security person had reviewed this in =
depth:

On 2010-3-4, at 7:43, Cullen Jennings wrote:
> I'm fairly skeptical of the advice on choosing the key sizes. I'm not =
a crypto person but I'd love to see some analysis of this.=20
...
> I suspect I would be much more conformable with something that had =
been looked at lots, like AES counter mode. Again, I'm not even =
qualified to suggest anything here but I'm looking for evidence the =
crypto stuff was seriously looked at.=20

So we probably could have argued to retain MD5 for port-randomization =
(maybe as part of a list of crypto hash functions, as Charlie =
suggested). That should mean that it should be OK to retain it here as =
well, esp. if AES-256 creates implementation difficulties for some =
stacks.

Lars=

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From: "Scheffenegger, Richard" <rs@netapp.com>
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Hi group,

in order not to spam the whole group, I would like to learn who is
interested in the heuristics and signaling around round-trip
measurement, timestamps and possible synergies between TS and other
option, as well as some empirical measurements around currently deployed
tcp stacks that diverge from the IETF specs in these aspects.

In the light of some recent developments (ie. LEDBAT, path-chirp/chirp
CC), and more efficient (end-of-flow / non-congestion) loss recovery,
improvements in that space may be of interest to a larger group of
implementers too...

With your feedback, I would like to learn the extent of possible
interest, before going further with my work in that area!

Best regards,

	Richard Scheffenegger
=09


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<P DIR=3DLTR><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT =
FACE=3D"Calibri">in order not to</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">spam =
the whole group, I would</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">like to learn who is interested =
in the heuristics and</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">signaling</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri"> =
around round-trip measurement, timestamps and possible synergies between =
TS and other option, as wel</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">l as =
some empirical measurements around currently deployed tcp stacks that =
diverge from the IETF specs in these aspects.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></P>

<P DIR=3DLTR><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">In the light of =
some recent</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">developments</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri"> =
(ie.</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> =
<FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">LEDBAT, path</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT =
FACE=3D"Calibri">-</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">chirp/chirp =
CC),</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> =
<FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">and more efficient</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT =
FACE=3D"Calibri">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">end-o</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT =
FACE=3D"Calibri">f-flow</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri"> / =
non-congestion)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri"> loss recovery,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT =
FACE=3D"Calibri">improvements</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri"> in =
that space may be of interest</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">to a =
larger group of</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">implementers</FONT></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri"> =
too</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT =
FACE=3D"Calibri">&#8230;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></P>

<P DIR=3DLTR><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT =
FACE=3D"Calibri">With your feedback, I would like to learn the extent of =
possible interest, before</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"> <FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">going further with my work in =
that area!</FONT></SPAN></P>

<P DIR=3DLTR><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT FACE=3D"Calibri">Best =
regards,</FONT></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></P>
<UL DIR=3DLTR>
<P DIR=3DLTR><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"><B></B></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"><B></B></SPAN><B><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></B><B><SPAN =
LANG=3D"en-us"><FONT SIZE=3D2 FACE=3D"Arial">Richard =
Scheffenegger</FONT></SPAN></B><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN =
LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"><BR>
</SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN><SPAN LANG=3D"en-us"></SPAN></P>
</UL>
<P DIR=3DLTR><SPAN LANG=3D"de-at"></SPAN></P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From touch@isi.edu  Mon Jan 10 11:07:28 2011
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Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2011 11:09:12 -0800
From: Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu>
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My key questions are below.

IMO, this might be ready for experimental, but shouldn't go 
standards-track unless it uses an algorithm for which we have 
substantial experience. This doc introduces a new alg, which isn't 
appropriate for a simple "revise to standards track" process, IMO.

Joe

1) is this the most important change we want to make to TCP

	as a WG, we ought to be discussing this for
	every standards-track change to TCP; we don't seem
	to be doing this as a plan

2) the discussion of how this doc changes 1948 needs to be included in 
the core of the doc (Sec 2, IMO), and needs to be updated

	- this is a new algorithm, which, IMO, is experimental at best
	the alg proposed in Sec 2 is predictable for a given socket
	pair; that seems inconsistent with the security concerns that
	drive this doc

	- security concerns with MD5 need to be cited; the current
	note cites the definition of MD5 only; it's not clear
	they apply for unkeyed use as just a hash function

	- the impact of guessing a sequence number should be discussed
	better; as per 4953, increasing window sizes and link speeds
	means that knowing ISN value isn't as important as it once was

2) the impact of this doc on TIME_WAIT isn't sufficiently addressed

	most machines simply don't keep TW around as long as they
	are required; they also sometimes use a single pseudo-random
	generator across all connections; this needs to be considered
	in more detail

3) the doc should discuss how it can be implemented on a machine that 
doesn't know absolute time
	even TCP's timestamps don't need to be absolute, but if a
	machine always boots the same way with the same info, it
	will reuse sequence numbers unless it has a persistent clock,
	coordinates time with another party, or has persistent state;
	none of these are necessarily true, e.g., for small devices

4) where true authentication is noted as an alternative, TCP-AO should 
be included, IMO


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As a broader question, do we really need to say "do this" (where "this" 
is a new algorithm)?

Or would it be sufficient to say (as, e.g., a BCP), "doing something is 
a good thing".

Joe

From fernando.gont.netbook.win@gmail.com  Mon Jan 10 11:37:15 2011
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Hi, Joe,

On 10/01/2011 04:09 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:
> IMO, this might be ready for experimental, but shouldn't go
> standards-track unless it uses an algorithm for which we have
> substantial experience. 

Yes, I'll be backing out SHA-256 and will go back to recommending MD5.
-- As already noted on this list, this change was political rather than
technical.

So I assume that this would address your concern and you'd be game for
std track, right?


> 1) is this the most important change we want to make to TCP
> 
>     as a WG, we ought to be discussing this for
>     every standards-track change to TCP; we don't seem
>     to be doing this as a plan

huh? Why should this be "the most important change to TCP" for us to
work on it?



> 2) the discussion of how this doc changes 1948 needs to be included in
> the core of the doc (Sec 2, IMO), and needs to be updated

No problem with this -- what do others think?



>     - this is a new algorithm, which, IMO, is experimental at best
>     the alg proposed in Sec 2 is predictable for a given socket
>     pair; that seems inconsistent with the security concerns that
>     drive this doc

Joe, this document is about mitigating blind attacks. If you know the
socket pair, you can predict the ISN, unless you were able to see the
ISN of a previous connection for that socket pair -- which is a
completely different threat-model, that this document does not (and
doesn't aim to) address.


>     - security concerns with MD5 need to be cited; the current
>     note cites the definition of MD5 only; it's not clear
>     they apply for unkeyed use as just a hash function

The I-D cited by Lloyd will be referenced in the next revision.



>     - the impact of guessing a sequence number should be discussed
>     better; as per 4953, increasing window sizes and link speeds
>     means that knowing ISN value isn't as important as it once was

Guessing the ISN is still as important as it was when it comes to
connection spoofing (note that most of the discussion is about
connection spoofing and trust relationship exploitation).

We could possibly add an informative reference to RFC 4953 for other
sequence number issues.


> 2) the impact of this doc on TIME_WAIT isn't sufficiently addressed
> 
>     most machines simply don't keep TW around as long as they
>     are required; they also sometimes use a single pseudo-random
>     generator across all connections; this needs to be considered
>     in more detail

So now you care about running code? -- It's surprising that you're
raising this, instead of declaring them as bugs and be done with it.

Anyway, this document is not about the TIME-WAIT state. And proper
references are included where appropriate (e.g., the reference to the
CPNI TCP security document)



> 3) the doc should discuss how it can be implemented on a machine that
> doesn't know absolute time
>     even TCP's timestamps don't need to be absolute, but if a
>     machine always boots the same way with the same info, it
>     will reuse sequence numbers unless it has a persistent clock,
>     coordinates time with another party, or has persistent state;
>     none of these are necessarily true, e.g., for small devices

C'mon, Joe: initialize that timer to a random value, and be done with it.


> 4) where true authentication is noted as an alternative, TCP-AO should
> be included, IMO

No problem with this. Will do.

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





From touch@isi.edu  Mon Jan 10 11:48:08 2011
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On 1/10/2011 11:38 AM, Fernando Gont wrote:
> Hi, Joe,
>
> On 10/01/2011 04:09 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:
>> IMO, this might be ready for experimental, but shouldn't go
>> standards-track unless it uses an algorithm for which we have
>> substantial experience.
>
> Yes, I'll be backing out SHA-256 and will go back to recommending MD5.
> -- As already noted on this list, this change was political rather than
> technical.
>
> So I assume that this would address your concern and you'd be game for
> std track, right?

The specification of the PRF needs to be more detailed. I.e., state how 
the hash is padded, byte order, and what portion of the output you're 
using (since MD5 hashes are too long).

>> 1) is this the most important change we want to make to TCP
>>
>>      as a WG, we ought to be discussing this for
>>      every standards-track change to TCP; we don't seem
>>      to be doing this as a plan
>
> huh? Why should this be "the most important change to TCP" for us to
> work on it?

This is a general question; we don't want to be spending cycles around 
the edges if we have bigger fish to fry.

>> 2) the discussion of how this doc changes 1948 needs to be included in
>> the core of the doc (Sec 2, IMO), and needs to be updated
>
> No problem with this -- what do others think?
>
>
>
>>      - this is a new algorithm, which, IMO, is experimental at best
>>      the alg proposed in Sec 2 is predictable for a given socket
>>      pair; that seems inconsistent with the security concerns that
>>      drive this doc
>
> Joe, this document is about mitigating blind attacks. If you know the
> socket pair, you can predict the ISN, unless you were able to see the
> ISN of a previous connection for that socket pair -- which is a
> completely different threat-model, that this document does not (and
> doesn't aim to) address.

If knowing the socket pair means you can predict the ISN, then this doc 
shouldn't be discussing the need for a random component or the time value.

I.e., your response above is inconsistent with a LOT of the discussion 
in this doc.

>>      - security concerns with MD5 need to be cited; the current
>>      note cites the definition of MD5 only; it's not clear
>>      they apply for unkeyed use as just a hash function
>
> The I-D cited by Lloyd will be referenced in the next revision.
>
>
>
>>      - the impact of guessing a sequence number should be discussed
>>      better; as per 4953, increasing window sizes and link speeds
>>      means that knowing ISN value isn't as important as it once was
>
> Guessing the ISN is still as important as it was when it comes to
> connection spoofing (note that most of the discussion is about
> connection spoofing and trust relationship exploitation).
>
> We could possibly add an informative reference to RFC 4953 for other
> sequence number issues.
>
>
>> 2) the impact of this doc on TIME_WAIT isn't sufficiently addressed
>>
>>      most machines simply don't keep TW around as long as they
>>      are required; they also sometimes use a single pseudo-random
>>      generator across all connections; this needs to be considered
>>      in more detail
>
> So now you care about running code? -- It's surprising that you're
> raising this, instead of declaring them as bugs and be done with it.

I'm concerned about the performance impact of declaring this a SHOULD.

> Anyway, this document is not about the TIME-WAIT state. And proper
> references are included where appropriate (e.g., the reference to the
> CPNI TCP security document)

If the result of this SHOULD impacts TW performance, then yes, it is 
about TW state.

>> 3) the doc should discuss how it can be implemented on a machine that
>> doesn't know absolute time
>>      even TCP's timestamps don't need to be absolute, but if a
>>      machine always boots the same way with the same info, it
>>      will reuse sequence numbers unless it has a persistent clock,
>>      coordinates time with another party, or has persistent state;
>>      none of these are necessarily true, e.g., for small devices
>
> C'mon, Joe: initialize that timer to a random value, and be done with it.

Stand-alone boxes don't necessarily understand 'random' - if they reboot 
and execute the same code in the same order, their 'random' is 
deterministic. You need to address that. This relates to the other 
concerns about some TCP mods that require state in home routers - it's a 
valid concern. You're declaring a SHOULD; you need to explain what you 
assume is available.

Joe

>> 4) where true authentication is noted as an alternative, TCP-AO should
>> be included, IMO
>
> No problem with this. Will do.
>
> Thanks,

From fernando.gont.netbook.win@gmail.com  Mon Jan 10 12:09:08 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification	for	draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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Hi, Joe,

>> Yes, I'll be backing out SHA-256 and will go back to recommending MD5.
>> -- As already noted on this list, this change was political rather than
>> technical.
>>
>> So I assume that this would address your concern and you'd be game for
>> std track, right?
> 
> The specification of the PRF needs to be more detailed. I.e., state how
> the hash is padded, byte order, and what portion of the output you're
> using (since MD5 hashes are too long).

How come that you don't deem this one as an implementation detail that
should not concern us?



>>>      - this is a new algorithm, which, IMO, is experimental at best
>>>      the alg proposed in Sec 2 is predictable for a given socket
>>>      pair; that seems inconsistent with the security concerns that
>>>      drive this doc
>>
>> Joe, this document is about mitigating blind attacks. If you know the
>> socket pair, you can predict the ISN, unless you were able to see the
>> ISN of a previous connection for that socket pair -- which is a
>> completely different threat-model, that this document does not (and
>> doesn't aim to) address.
> 
> If knowing the socket pair means you can predict the ISN, then this doc
> shouldn't be discussing the need for a random component or the time value.

Sorry, let me rephrase: With the proposed algorithm, you can only
predict an ISN if you know the socket pair *and* you know the ISN of a
previous connection between the source host and the destination
endpoint. -- But this is *intentional*.

-- We do want the ISNs to be monotonically increasing across connections
-- hence the predictability to an *on* *path* attacker.


>>> 2) the impact of this doc on TIME_WAIT isn't sufficiently addressed
>>>
>>>      most machines simply don't keep TW around as long as they
>>>      are required; they also sometimes use a single pseudo-random
>>>      generator across all connections; this needs to be considered
>>>      in more detail
>>
>> So now you care about running code? -- It's surprising that you're
>> raising this, instead of declaring them as bugs and be done with it.
> 
> I'm concerned about the performance impact of declaring this a SHOULD.

It's a SHOULD not a MUST. So, if anything "what are the reasons for not
implementing this? -- Performance"?




>> Anyway, this document is not about the TIME-WAIT state. And proper
>> references are included where appropriate (e.g., the reference to the
>> CPNI TCP security document)
> 
> If the result of this SHOULD impacts TW performance, then yes, it is
> about TW state.

Can you clearly state what your concern is? -- I just don't follow.

And... What does RFC 1948 have to do with TIME-WAIT performance?



>>> 3) the doc should discuss how it can be implemented on a machine that
>>> doesn't know absolute time
>>>      even TCP's timestamps don't need to be absolute, but if a
>>>      machine always boots the same way with the same info, it
>>>      will reuse sequence numbers unless it has a persistent clock,
>>>      coordinates time with another party, or has persistent state;
>>>      none of these are necessarily true, e.g., for small devices
>>
>> C'mon, Joe: initialize that timer to a random value, and be done with it.
> 
> Stand-alone boxes don't necessarily understand 'random' - if they reboot
> and execute the same code in the same order, their 'random' is
> deterministic. You need to address that. This relates to the other
> concerns about some TCP mods that require state in home routers - it's a
> valid concern. You're declaring a SHOULD; you need to explain what you
> assume is available.

Ok, my proposed text would be:
"This specification assumes the host supports a random() function that
provides random numbers as in, e.g. ISO C random() function."

If you have anything better, please post it.

That aside: What would be your concern about the node re-using the same
ISNs? (even assuming connections are established at the same time since
the node was bootstrapped... because you're assuming this, right?) --
Would an off-path attacker be able to predict them? And, if not, why are
you still concerned about it?

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





From touch@isi.edu  Mon Jan 10 13:09:36 2011
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On 1/10/2011 12:11 PM, Fernando Gont wrote:
> Hi, Joe,
>
>>> Yes, I'll be backing out SHA-256 and will go back to recommending MD5.
>>> -- As already noted on this list, this change was political rather than
>>> technical.
>>>
>>> So I assume that this would address your concern and you'd be game for
>>> std track, right?
>>
>> The specification of the PRF needs to be more detailed. I.e., state how
>> the hash is padded, byte order, and what portion of the output you're
>> using (since MD5 hashes are too long).
>
> How come that you don't deem this one as an implementation detail that
> should not concern us?

The question is really "what is this document requiring".

Is your intent to say "use MD5", and figure the rest our yourself?

If so, why bother using the "+" operator, or putting the time value 
outside the hash?

Either such details matter or they don't; if they don't, you need to 
explain why they don't. You don't *need* to spec it out to the bit level 
if that doesn't matter, but you do need to explain why you spec out some 
parts and not others.

>>>>       - this is a new algorithm, which, IMO, is experimental at best
>>>>       the alg proposed in Sec 2 is predictable for a given socket
>>>>       pair; that seems inconsistent with the security concerns that
>>>>       drive this doc
>>>
>>> Joe, this document is about mitigating blind attacks. If you know the
>>> socket pair, you can predict the ISN, unless you were able to see the
>>> ISN of a previous connection for that socket pair -- which is a
>>> completely different threat-model, that this document does not (and
>>> doesn't aim to) address.
>>
>> If knowing the socket pair means you can predict the ISN, then this doc
>> shouldn't be discussing the need for a random component or the time value.
>
> Sorry, let me rephrase: With the proposed algorithm, you can only
> predict an ISN if you know the socket pair *and* you know the ISN of a
> previous connection between the source host and the destination
> endpoint. -- But this is *intentional*.
 >
> -- We do want the ISNs to be monotonically increasing across connections

The alg you gave is monotonically increasing across connections within a 
socket pair. Presumably that's what you mean, right?

> -- hence the predictability to an *on* *path* attacker.
>
>
>>>> 2) the impact of this doc on TIME_WAIT isn't sufficiently addressed
>>>>
>>>>       most machines simply don't keep TW around as long as they
>>>>       are required; they also sometimes use a single pseudo-random
>>>>       generator across all connections; this needs to be considered
>>>>       in more detail
>>>
>>> So now you care about running code? -- It's surprising that you're
>>> raising this, instead of declaring them as bugs and be done with it.
>>
>> I'm concerned about the performance impact of declaring this a SHOULD.
>
> It's a SHOULD not a MUST. So, if anything "what are the reasons for not
> implementing this? -- Performance"?

1) per-connection computational overhead

2) the need to retain per-socketpair state for TW (vs., e.g., some 
*known* implementations that do otherwise to reduce the state needed to 
avoid TW reuse).

>>> Anyway, this document is not about the TIME-WAIT state. And proper
>>> references are included where appropriate (e.g., the reference to the
>>> CPNI TCP security document)
>>
>> If the result of this SHOULD impacts TW performance, then yes, it is
>> about TW state.
>
> Can you clearly state what your concern is? -- I just don't follow.
>
> And... What does RFC 1948 have to do with TIME-WAIT performance?

If you generate ISNs that are monotonic within a socket pair, but are 
otherwise arbitrary across different socket pairs, you NEED to keep the 
TWs per socket pair. If you want to keep less TW state, you can use a 
different mechanism.

>>>> 3) the doc should discuss how it can be implemented on a machine that
>>>> doesn't know absolute time
>>>>       even TCP's timestamps don't need to be absolute, but if a
>>>>       machine always boots the same way with the same info, it
>>>>       will reuse sequence numbers unless it has a persistent clock,
>>>>       coordinates time with another party, or has persistent state;
>>>>       none of these are necessarily true, e.g., for small devices
>>>
>>> C'mon, Joe: initialize that timer to a random value, and be done with it.
>>
>> Stand-alone boxes don't necessarily understand 'random' - if they reboot
>> and execute the same code in the same order, their 'random' is
>> deterministic. You need to address that. This relates to the other
>> concerns about some TCP mods that require state in home routers - it's a
>> valid concern. You're declaring a SHOULD; you need to explain what you
>> assume is available.
>
> Ok, my proposed text would be:
> "This specification assumes the host supports a random() function that
> provides random numbers as in, e.g. ISO C random() function."
>
> If you have anything better, please post it.

The point is that some boxes that use that function will generate the 
same value upon reboot. The fact that neither you nor I have a solution 
to this is the point - your requirement is making an assumption which is 
not true.

> That aside: What would be your concern about the node re-using the same
> ISNs? (even assuming connections are established at the same time since
> the node was bootstrapped... because you're assuming this, right?) --
> Would an off-path attacker be able to predict them? And, if not, why are
> you still concerned about it?

You need to address what your algorithm requires and what it does not. 
If you can demonstrate that there's no ill effect, then you can explain 
that, e.g., you DON'T really need the random call.

Joe

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Subject: Re: [tcpm] Fwd: New Version Notification for draft-gont-tcpm-rfc1948bis-00
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On 1/10/11 2:49 PM, Joe Touch wrote:
> The specification of the PRF needs to be more detailed. I.e., state how the hash is padded, byte order, and what portion of the output you're using (since MD5 hashes are too long).
>
Strongly disagree!

The standard should only be that a PRF is used.  There are no interoperability
requirements.  Moreover, we'd endlessly spin our wheels needlessly arguing about
these insignificant details.

In code I was writing not that long ago, I used part of the hash for the ISN,
and part for the timestamp, and part for the cookie.  There were plenty of
bits to go around.


> This is a general question; we don't want to be spending cycles around the edges if we have bigger fish to fry.
>
Oh humbug.  These are all drafts concerning things we've known need to be
updated for TCP for 15+ years.  Heck, a draft by a WG co-chair is 4 years
old, and still not finished (and I'd place that one at the top).

Kudos to Gont for being willing to do the work -- and dodge the bullets.


>>> 2) the discussion of how this doc changes 1948 needs to be included in
>>> the core of the doc (Sec 2, IMO), and needs to be updated
>>
>> No problem with this -- what do others think?
>>
Change discussions should be nearest the end of the document, not the core.


> I'm concerned about the performance impact of declaring this a SHOULD.
>
I'm not.  We've been using high performance MD5 for such things since the
days of 186s in a cell phone.  I think it should be a MUST!

From touch@isi.edu  Mon Jan 10 13:26:27 2011
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On 1/10/2011 1:17 PM, William Allen Simpson wrote:
>> I'm concerned about the performance impact of declaring this a SHOULD.
>>
> I'm not.  We've been using high performance MD5 for such things since the
> days of 186s in a cell phone.  I think it should be a MUST!

The performance impact isn't just computational, FWIW. It's also state.

We had been discussing before on this list that some implementations 
don't keep TWs around; they just keep the first/last in a list, assuming 
that TWs are monotonic. If that's now monotonic within only a single 
socket pair, it increases the state needed to avoid socket reuse during 
TW. That's the non-computational performance impact...

Also, when we talk about performance, we consider not just how fast a 
cellphone can compute the sum, but how many connections/sec a CPU can 
support; putting MD5 in the path will cut that down quite a bit.

Joe

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Joe,

On 10/01/2011 06:11 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:
>>> The specification of the PRF needs to be more detailed. I.e., state how
>>> the hash is padded, byte order, and what portion of the output you're
>>> using (since MD5 hashes are too long).
>>
>> How come that you don't deem this one as an implementation detail that
>> should not concern us?
> 
> The question is really "what is this document requiring".
> 
> Is your intent to say "use MD5", and figure the rest our yourself?

MD5 would be a good choice. But if you want to use something else,
that's still fine.


> If so, why bother using the "+" operator, or putting the time value
> outside the hash?

Joe, please read the I-D. The time value is put outside the hash such
that the ISNs increase over time.


>> -- We do want the ISNs to be monotonically increasing across connections
> 
> The alg you gave is monotonically increasing across connections within a
> socket pair. Presumably that's what you mean, right?

Yes.


>> It's a SHOULD not a MUST. So, if anything "what are the reasons for not
>> implementing this? -- Performance"?
> 
> 1) per-connection computational overhead
> 
> 2) the need to retain per-socketpair state for TW (vs., e.g., some
> *known* implementations that do otherwise to reduce the state needed to
> avoid TW reuse).

I don't know what you're talking about. What's the increased state that
you'd need to retain if you implement this algorithm.

The algorithm is *stateless*! (apart from the global counter).



>>>> Anyway, this document is not about the TIME-WAIT state. And proper
>>>> references are included where appropriate (e.g., the reference to the
>>>> CPNI TCP security document)
>>>
>>> If the result of this SHOULD impacts TW performance, then yes, it is
>>> about TW state.
>>
>> Can you clearly state what your concern is? -- I just don't follow.
>>
>> And... What does RFC 1948 have to do with TIME-WAIT performance?
> 
> If you generate ISNs that are monotonic within a socket pair, but are
> otherwise arbitrary across different socket pairs, you NEED to keep the
> TWs per socket pair. If you want to keep less TW state, you can use a
> different mechanism.

Isn't keeping the socket in the TIME-WAIT state a requirement?

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





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Joe,

On 10/01/2011 06:28 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:
> We had been discussing before on this list that some implementations
> don't keep TWs around; they just keep the first/last in a list, assuming
> that TWs are monotonic. 

Cane you clearly state:

* How the aforementioned mechanism operates
* What specific implementations you're referring to
* What are the assumptions they make
* Whether such assumptions are based on current requirements (IETF-wise)
* Whether such assumptions are based on widely-deployed implementations
(and if so, which ones)

?

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





From touch@isi.edu  Mon Jan 10 15:38:19 2011
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On 1/10/2011 3:24 PM, Fernando Gont wrote:
> Joe,
>
> On 10/01/2011 06:11 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:
>>>> The specification of the PRF needs to be more detailed. I.e., state how
>>>> the hash is padded, byte order, and what portion of the output you're
>>>> using (since MD5 hashes are too long).
>>>
>>> How come that you don't deem this one as an implementation detail that
>>> should not concern us?
>>
>> The question is really "what is this document requiring".
>>
>> Is your intent to say "use MD5", and figure the rest our yourself?
>
> MD5 would be a good choice. But if you want to use something else,
> that's still fine.

It'd be useful to say that.

>> If so, why bother using the "+" operator, or putting the time value
>> outside the hash?
>
> Joe, please read the I-D. The time value is put outside the hash such
> that the ISNs increase over time.

I was being a bit sarcastic - sorry. My point was that there's a certain 
amount of specificity, and a certain amount of handwaving. It'd be 
useful to explain why the distinction more clearly (i.e., which parts 
can be varied, which don't matter).

>>> -- We do want the ISNs to be monotonically increasing across connections
>>
>> The alg you gave is monotonically increasing across connections within a
>> socket pair. Presumably that's what you mean, right?
>
> Yes.
>
>
>>> It's a SHOULD not a MUST. So, if anything "what are the reasons for not
>>> implementing this? -- Performance"?
>>
>> 1) per-connection computational overhead
>>
>> 2) the need to retain per-socketpair state for TW (vs., e.g., some
>> *known* implementations that do otherwise to reduce the state needed to
>> avoid TW reuse).
>
> I don't know what you're talking about. What's the increased state that
> you'd need to retain if you implement this algorithm.

If you implement ISN as a counter, you don't really need to keep TW. If 
you implement this, you do need to keep TW for each socket pair.

> The algorithm is *stateless*! (apart from the global counter).

It's the implication on how TW is kept that matters.

>>>>> Anyway, this document is not about the TIME-WAIT state. And proper
>>>>> references are included where appropriate (e.g., the reference to the
>>>>> CPNI TCP security document)
>>>>
>>>> If the result of this SHOULD impacts TW performance, then yes, it is
>>>> about TW state.
>>>
>>> Can you clearly state what your concern is? -- I just don't follow.
>>>
>>> And... What does RFC 1948 have to do with TIME-WAIT performance?
>>
>> If you generate ISNs that are monotonic within a socket pair, but are
>> otherwise arbitrary across different socket pairs, you NEED to keep the
>> TWs per socket pair. If you want to keep less TW state, you can use a
>> different mechanism.
>
> Isn't keeping the socket in the TIME-WAIT state a requirement?

Making sure the values are not repeated for 2MSL is the requirement; how 
they are kept is up to the implementation.

Joe

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On 10/01/2011 08:39 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:

>> I don't know what you're talking about. What's the increased state that
>> you'd need to retain if you implement this algorithm.
> 
> If you implement ISN as a counter, you don't really need to keep TW. 

Sorry Joe: Is it me, or there is an explicit requirement in RFC 793 to
keep the TCP in the TIME-WAIT state?



> If
> you implement this, you do need to keep TW for each socket pair.

I think you're arguing about violating RFC 793.

That aside, please respond to my questions (now on a separate thread) on
the implementations you're referring to.


>> Isn't keeping the socket in the TIME-WAIT state a requirement?
> 
> Making sure the values are not repeated for 2MSL is the requirement; how
> they are kept is up to the implementation.

I see... So actual implementation of the TIME-WAIT state is up to the
implementation?

Which other states of TCP do you think we could get rid off?

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





From touch@isi.edu  Mon Jan 10 16:18:15 2011
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On 1/10/2011 3:51 PM, Fernando Gont wrote:
> On 10/01/2011 08:39 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:
>
>>> I don't know what you're talking about. What's the increased state that
>>> you'd need to retain if you implement this algorithm.
>>
>> If you implement ISN as a counter, you don't really need to keep TW.
>
> Sorry Joe: Is it me, or there is an explicit requirement in RFC 793 to
> keep the TCP in the TIME-WAIT state?

An implementation must act as if there is such a state. There is no 
requirement to how to achieve that behavior (or any other in 793).

>> If
>> you implement this, you do need to keep TW for each socket pair.
>
> I think you're arguing about violating RFC 793.

No; I'm arguing there are several ways to support it. Some prohibit some 
new TCP connections that could have otherwise happened, at the benefit 
of keeping less state. That's an endpoints perogative.

...
>>> Isn't keeping the socket in the TIME-WAIT state a requirement?
>>
>> Making sure the values are not repeated for 2MSL is the requirement; how
>> they are kept is up to the implementation.
>
> I see... So actual implementation of the TIME-WAIT state is up to the
> implementation?

That is a tautology. Yes, to be explicit, it is.

> Which other states of TCP do you think we could get rid off?

Well, let's see - TCP cookies get rid of SYN-RECEIVED (there is no such 
internal state kept), but they end up acting as if it's kept. So are you 
now arguing that any implementation that uses cookies isn't implementing 
793 at all?

Joe

From touch@isi.edu  Mon Jan 10 16:24:20 2011
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On 1/10/2011 3:29 PM, Fernando Gont wrote:
> Joe,
>
> On 10/01/2011 06:28 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:
>> We had been discussing before on this list that some implementations
>> don't keep TWs around; they just keep the first/last in a list, assuming
>> that TWs are monotonic.
>
> Cane you clearly state:
>
> * How the aforementioned mechanism operates

As a simple example consider outgoing source port numbers for 
connections you initiate, and don't reuse them for 2MSL. Generate the 
ISNs using a single global counter. Sure, it's not going to give you 
lots of connections, but you no longer need to keep TW for any outgoing 
connections.

> * What specific implementations you're referring to

They have been discussed on this list in the past when discussing other 
ways in which TW behaves. I don't recall which OS they are implemented 
in (likely things like home routers).

> * What are the assumptions they make

See above; most assume the overall connection rate is the limit, not 
per-socket pair.

> * Whether such assumptions are based on current requirements (IETF-wise)
> * Whether such assumptions are based on widely-deployed implementations
> (and if so, which ones)

I don't know how widely; the point is that the assumptions are 
consistent with current IETF requirements. I believe they were deployed, 
but have only the reports of others when discussing TW to go on for that.

Joe

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On 10/01/2011 09:25 p.m., Joe Touch wrote:

>> * How the aforementioned mechanism operates
> 
> As a simple example consider outgoing source port numbers for
> connections you initiate, and don't reuse them for 2MSL. Generate the
> ISNs using a single global counter. Sure, it's not going to give you
> lots of connections, but you no longer need to keep TW for any outgoing
> connections.

This is so broken that it probably does not even deserve discussion. So
a server that needs to go into TIME-WAIT relies on a *client* for
that???? How does your hypothetical server TCP implementation know how
the client is going to behave?


>> * What specific implementations you're referring to
> 
> They have been discussed on this list in the past when discussing other
> ways in which TW behaves. I don't recall which OS they are implemented
> in (likely things like home routers).

This is hand-waving.

And, FWIW, many (most?) home routers these days are based on Linux.



>> * What are the assumptions they make
> 
> See above; most assume the overall connection rate is the limit, not
> per-socket pair.

This is flawed and broken. -- And IMO, unless you prove me wrong, not real.



>> * Whether such assumptions are based on current requirements (IETF-wise)
>> * Whether such assumptions are based on widely-deployed implementations
>> (and if so, which ones)
> 
> I don't know how widely; the point is that the assumptions are
> consistent with current IETF requirements. 

Consistent with what?

A server implements TIME-WAIT state by relying on a *client* not issuing
connections at a high rate?

And this also relies on global (and predictable) ISNs? (which are widely
known to be insane)

I'm done with this discussion, Joe. I have no more time to waste (nor do
I want to waste the time of other participants).

P.S.: If you get wg consensus on your view and proposed changes, I'll be
happy to trash our I-D as indicated.

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





From wes@mti-systems.com  Thu Jan 13 19:36:13 2011
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Based on the discussion of section 7 (programming considerations), the 
document on clarifying the persist condition has been updated by the 
authors.

The document can be found at:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/

We think this is ready for working group last call now, so with this 
email, I'd like to start a two-week WGLC on the document to last until 
1/28.  Please send your comments to the TCPM list by then.

Thanks in advance.

--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems


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From: Tim Hartrick <timothyhartrick@gmail.com>
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All,

+1.


Tim Hartrick

On Fri, 2011-01-07 at 08:23 -0800, rick jones wrote:
> On Jan 6, 2011, at 10:19 AM, Mark Allman wrote:
> > So, do you prefer ...
> >
> > (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single updated
> >    value.
> >
> >    (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> >    explicitly not asking about IW=10, just IW=some_X.)
> 
> A.
> 
> Paint it yellow and ship it. (*)
> 
> rick jones
> 
> (*) http://greateasyjet.com/funny/paint_yellow.html
> 
> http://homepage.mac.com/perfgeek
> 
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm



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From: "Scheffenegger, Richard" <rs@netapp.com>
To: <timothyhartrick@gmail.com>, "rick jones" <perfgeek@mac.com>
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+1 (reasons mentioned earlier).

Richard


> -----Original Message-----
> From: Tim Hartrick [mailto:timothyhartrick@gmail.com]
> Sent: Freitag, 07. J=E4nner 2011 18:40
> To: rick jones
> Cc: tcpm@ietf.org; mallman@icir.org
> Subject: Re: [tcpm] informal poll about initial cwnd
>=20
>=20
>=20
> All,
>=20
> +1.
>=20
>=20
> Tim Hartrick
>=20
> On Fri, 2011-01-07 at 08:23 -0800, rick jones wrote:
> > On Jan 6, 2011, at 10:19 AM, Mark Allman wrote:
> > > So, do you prefer ...
> > >
> > > (A) To increase the current static IW definition to a single
> updated
> > >    value.
> > >
> > >    (Current proposal: draft-ietf-tcpm-initcwnd-00.txt, but I am
> > >    explicitly not asking about IW=3D10, just IW=3Dsome_X.)
> >
> > A.
> >
> > Paint it yellow and ship it. (*)
> >
> > rick jones
> >
> > (*) http://greateasyjet.com/funny/paint_yellow.html
> >
> > http://homepage.mac.com/perfgeek
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > tcpm mailing list
> > tcpm@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

From rs@netapp.com  Mon Jan 17 05:45:58 2011
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Hi group,

After having received some feedback off-list so far, I would like to =
summarize what I learned so far. Also, I invite everyone to discuss =
these points. There are benefits for the research community both =
empirical as well as theoretical, as well as mobile and high-speed =
network operators and implementers.


=20

o) one-way delay based (and delay variation based) congestion controls =
would benefit from knowing the clock resolution on both sides. Some =
research in that area is done by Mirja Kuehlewind and Bob Briscoe =
(http://bobbriscoe.net/pubs.html#chirp_impl), as well as David Hayes =
(http://caia.swin.edu.au/reports/100219A/CAIA-TR-100219A.pdf)

o) RTT variance during loss episodes is not deeply researched. Current =
heuristics (RFC1122, RFC1323, Karn's algorithm, RFC2988) explicitly =
exclude (and prevent) the use of RTT samples when loss occurs. However, =
solving the retransmission ambiguity problem - and the related reliable =
ACK delivery problem - may allow the refinement of these algorithms =
further, as well as enabling new research to distinguish between =
corruption loss (without RTT / one-way delay impact) and congestion loss =
(with RTT / one-way delay impact). This appears to be a rather neglected =
field however, especially when it comes to large scale, public internet =
investigations. Due to the very nature of this, passive investigations =
without signals contained within the headers are only of limited use in =
empirical research here.

o) A side-effect of Van Jacobson's algorithm is that RTO spikes when the =
path RTT suddenly drops. With the decrease of the path RTT, the variance =
grows. As the variance has a large effect on the calculated RTO, this =
leads to potentially very lengthy timeouts even though the RTT is much =
shorter. This particular problem has been addressed in some stacks, and =
the lessons learned from the deployment there could be used to update =
the RTO calculation specs.=20

o) Enabling of spurious RTO detection (Eifel, D-SACK, F-RTO) in the last =
years also make it possible to dynamically identify instances when the =
RTT estimation or RTO calculation where mislead, allowing to use a more =
conservative algorithm for certain paths / times.

o) Retransmission ambiguity detection during loss recovery would allow =
an additional level of loss recovery control without reverting to =
timer-based methods. As with the deployment of SACK, separating "what" =
to send from "when" to send it could be driven one step further. In =
particular, less conservative loss recovery schemes which do not trade =
principles of packet conservation against timeliness, require a reliable =
way of prompt and best possible feedback from the receiver about any =
delivered segment and their ordering. SACK alone goes quite a long way, =
but using Timestamp information in addition could remove any ambiguity. =
However, the current specs in RFC1323 make that use impossible, thus a =
modified signaling (receiver behavior) is a necessity.





The first central aspect of the above mentioned points is to resolve the =
retransmission ambiguity, and the second to give the end host a better =
understanding of their respective partners behavior.

I strongly believe that much about the retransmission ambiguity can be =
solved by exploiting synergistic signaling between the TCP SACK option =
and Timestamp option. In particular, the receiver-side state required by =
RFC1323 to choose which Timestamp to reflect when a non-contiguous =
segment is received could be alleviated, when the TCP session is also =
using SACK. (The presence of a SACK field indicates some out of sequence =
delivery. The current stipulations were made, afaik, to ensure that no =
unduly small RTT sample is entered into the RTO calculation, when ACK =
loss occurs. But again, SACK disambiguates between a in-sequence ACK, =
and a duplicate ACK).

For the second aspect, the single most important aspect to convey would =
be the tcp clock resolution. For this, no signaling exists yet. However, =
there appears to be a downward-compatible method to extend the Timestamp =
SYN option, to include this signal.

According to RFC1323, TSecr is unused in the SYN segment, and most =
stacks appear to ignore that value. An enhanced signaling could set this =
initial TSecr field. To convey some feedback from the receiver to the =
sender in the SYN|ACK, while maintaining compatibility with stacks that =
do not evaluate the contents of this SYN TSecr, a simple XOR between the =
SYN|TSopt field and the clients respective settings could be employed.

The sender would compare the TSecr value in the SYN|ACK with it's =
initial sent TSval, and if they are identical, conclude to deal with an =
unenhanced client (no SACK+TS synergy, no one-way delay/variance CC). If =
the TSecr in the SYN|ACK would be different, the negotiated heuristics =
can be enabled for that TCP session - decoded by an XOR from the =
original TSval.=20


SYN:
+-------+-------+---------------------+---------------------+
|Kind=3D8 |  10   |   TS Value (TSval)  |TS Echo Reply (TSecr)|
+-------+-------+---------------------+---------------------+
    1       1              4                     4
With TSecr containing, ie. A 16-bit Flag field plus a 16-bit IEEE float =
indicating the TCP clock resolution (duration or frequency), or a 8-bit =
Flag field plus two 12-bit floats for negotiation of an acceptable clock =
range. Also, perhaps a CIDR-like prefix bitstring may be of interest for =
future extensions, ie:

1 1 x x x - future
1 0 1 x x - use 2x12 bit floats
1 0 0 1 x - use 1x16 bit float

A few potentially meaningful flag bits discussed so far could be

TS-extension flag (always set; this limits the senders initial TS =
selection...)
  Reserved
    TS-negotiate range (w/ 2x 12bit floats)
    TS-fixed rate (w/ 16bit float)
      Modified exponent offset (-21 instead of -15, for very high speed =
networks)
        SACK+TS synergy (always reflect TS of last received segment)
          High-Precision (use HW late in data path for TS insertion, =
exclude much jitter)
           =20


Note that binary16 allows a dynamic range (with some lost precision) =
from 2^15 down to 2^-24, while a 12-bit representation, omitting sign =
and most significant exponent bit, plus least two significant fraction =
bits, would still allow a range between 2^0 to 2^-22.=20

Binary16:
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
|Si|   Exponent   |          Fraction           |
|gn|offset shifted|                             |
+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+

12-bit subsample:
      +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
      |  exponent |        fraction       |
      +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
  =20

However even this dynamic range may not be enough to allow a tcp clock =
to run at the sending rate of minimal IP frames at very high (100 =
Gbit/s, 1Tbit/s) speeds. Using a different exponent offset shift, and =
omitting one additional fraction bit instead of one exponent bit in the =
12 bit value should be discussed.
   +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
   |   exponent   |        fraction    |
   +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
  =20



From: Scheffenegger, Richard=20
Sent: Montag, 10. J=E4nner 2011 19:25
To: tcpm@ietf.org; iccrg@cs.ucl.ac.uk
Subject: [tcpm] RTTM + timestamps

Hi group,
in order not to spam the whole group, I would like to learn who is =
interested in the heuristics and signaling around round-trip =
measurement, timestamps and possible synergies between TS and other =
option, as well as some empirical measurements around currently deployed =
tcp stacks that diverge from the IETF specs in these aspects.
In the light of some recent developments (ie. LEDBAT, path-chirp/chirp =
CC), and more efficient (end-of-flow / non-congestion) loss recovery, =
improvements in that space may be of interest to a larger group of =
implementers too...
With your feedback, I would like to learn the extent of possible =
interest, before going further with my work in that area!
Best regards,
Richard Scheffenegger

From alexander.zimmermann@comsys.rwth-aachen.de  Mon Jan 17 06:32:48 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] RTTM + timestamps
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Hi Richard,

some rash thoughts...

Am 17.01.2011 um 14:48 schrieb Scheffenegger, Richard:

> Hi group,
>=20
> After having received some feedback off-list so far, I would like to =
summarize what I learned so far. Also, I invite everyone to discuss =
these points. There are benefits for the research community both =
empirical as well as theoretical, as well as mobile and high-speed =
network operators and implementers.
>=20
>=20
> o) one-way delay based (and delay variation based) congestion controls =
would benefit from knowing the clock resolution on both sides. Some =
research in that area is done by Mirja Kuehlewind and Bob Briscoe =
(http://bobbriscoe.net/pubs.html#chirp_impl), as well as David Hayes =
(http://caia.swin.edu.au/reports/100219A/CAIA-TR-100219A.pdf)
>=20
> o) RTT variance during loss episodes is not deeply researched. Current =
heuristics (RFC1122, RFC1323, Karn's algorithm, RFC2988) explicitly =
exclude (and prevent) the use of RTT samples when loss occurs.

Eh... With RFC1323, you take RTT samples when loss occurs.

>  However, solving the retransmission ambiguity problem -

The problem is solved, isn't it? Eifel?

> and the related reliable ACK delivery problem - may allow the =
refinement of these algorithms further, as well as enabling new research =
to distinguish between corruption loss (without RTT / one-way delay =
impact) and congestion loss (with RTT / one-way delay impact).

This is not new. Ask Michael Welzl ;-)

And a citation form Sally Floyd to that topic:

"Inferring congestion vs. corruption at the transport level. There are =
also papers that investigate
algorithms for the transport end-nodes to infer that certain drops are =
from corruption rather than
congestion, without explicit feedback from routers. My own view would be =
that the burden is on such
approaches to show that they are not ignoring legitimate congestion =
indications from the network."

eg: S.Biaz and N. Vaidya. Discriminating Congestion Losses from Wireless =
Losses Using Interarrival
Times at the Receiver. IEEE Symposium on Application-Specific Systems =
and Software Engineering and
Technology, Mar 1999.

> This appears to be a rather neglected field however, especially when =
it comes to large scale, public internet investigations. Due to the very =
nature of this, passive investigations without signals contained within =
the headers are only of limited use in empirical research here.
>=20
> o) A side-effect of Van Jacobson's algorithm is that RTO spikes when =
the path RTT suddenly drops. With the decrease of the path RTT, the =
variance grows. As the variance has a large effect on the calculated =
RTO, this leads to potentially very lengthy timeouts even though the RTT =
is much shorter. This particular problem has been addressed in some =
stacks, and the lessons learned from the deployment there could be used =
to update the RTO calculation specs.
>=20
> o) Enabling of spurious RTO detection (Eifel, D-SACK, F-RTO) in the =
last years also make it possible to dynamically identify instances when =
the RTT estimation or RTO calculation where mislead, allowing to use a =
more conservative algorithm for certain paths / times.
>=20
> o) Retransmission ambiguity detection during loss recovery

(what we already have)

> would allow an additional level of loss recovery control without =
reverting to timer-based methods.

I don't get this point.

> As with the deployment of SACK, separating "what" to send from "when" =
to send it could be driven one step further. In particular, less =
conservative loss recovery schemes which do not trade principles of =
packet conservation against timeliness, require a reliable way of prompt =
and best possible feedback from the receiver about any delivered segment =
and their ordering. SACK alone goes quite a long way, but using =
Timestamp information in addition could remove any ambiguity.

Which ambiguity do you mean here?

> However, the current specs in RFC1323 make that use impossible, thus a =
modified signaling (receiver behavior) is a necessity.
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> The first central aspect of the above mentioned points is to resolve =
the retransmission ambiguity

Again, Eifel?

> , and the second to give the end host a better understanding of their =
respective partners behavior.
>=20
> I strongly believe that much about the retransmission ambiguity can be =
solved by exploiting synergistic signaling between the TCP SACK option =
and Timestamp option. In particular, the receiver-side state required by =
RFC1323 to choose which Timestamp to reflect when a non-contiguous =
segment is received could be alleviated, when the TCP session is also =
using SACK. (The presence of a SACK field indicates some out of sequence =
delivery. The current stipulations were made, afaik, to ensure that no =
unduly small RTT sample is entered into the RTO calculation, when ACK =
loss occurs. But again, SACK disambiguates between a in-sequence ACK, =
and a duplicate ACK).
>=20

//
// Dipl.-Inform. Alexander Zimmermann
// Department of Computer Science, Informatik 4
// RWTH Aachen University
// Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
// phone: (49-241) 80-21422, fax: (49-241) 80-22222
// email: zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de
// web: http://www.umic-mesh.net
//


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From rs@netapp.com  Mon Jan 17 07:46:07 2011
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To: "Alexander Zimmermann" <alexander.zimmermann@comsys.rwth-aachen.de>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] RTTM + timestamps
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HI Alex,


> > o) RTT variance during loss episodes is not deeply researched.
> > Current heuristics (RFC1122, RFC1323, Karn's algorithm, RFC2988)
> > explicitly exclude (and prevent) the use of RTT samples when loss
> > occurs.
>=20
> Eh... With RFC1323, you take RTT samples when loss occurs.

True, but these samples are a worst-case upper bound, since the last
in-sequence delivered segment - if you are running "stateless" on the
sender. With a stateful sender, that keeps sending timestamps
independent of the TS option, and matches the (S)ACKed packets to this
(potentially very lengthy) list, you can - to some extent - circumvent
this issue.

However, it does not help you with re-retransmissions still.

Probably my wording was poor, what I intended to say was to get the best
possible RTT measurement with each delivered (and (S)ACKed) segment
possible, without incurring undue overhead (state) in the sender.

The deliberate withholding of TS info according to RFC1323 - in order to
address the problem of unreliably delivered ACKs, and - at the time -
non-availability of SACK, was what triggered this point.


> >  However, solving the retransmission ambiguity problem -
>=20
> The problem is solved, isn't it? Eifel?


Only for cumulative/partial ACKs, and only then in theory, because IPR
restrictions prevent Eifel from being deployed in any commercial stack.
(There is only a single OS compatible with the IPR requirements for all
the Eifel algorithms).

For segments that are delivered out-of-sequence, it still exists.

>=20
> > and the related reliable ACK delivery problem - may allow the
> refinement of these algorithms further, as well as enabling new
> research to distinguish between corruption loss (without RTT / one-way
> delay impact) and congestion loss (with RTT / one-way delay impact).
>=20
> This is not new. Ask Michael Welzl ;-)
>=20
> And a citation form Sally Floyd to that topic:
>=20
> "Inferring congestion vs. corruption at the transport level. There are
> also papers that investigate algorithms for the transport end-nodes to
> infer that certain drops are from corruption rather than congestion,
> without explicit feedback from routers. My own view would be that the
> burden is on such approaches to show that they are not ignoring
> legitimate congestion indications from the network."
>=20
> eg: S.Biaz and N. Vaidya. Discriminating Congestion Losses from
> Wireless Losses Using Interarrival Times at the Receiver. IEEE
> Symposium on Application-Specific Systems and Software Engineering and
> Technology, Mar 1999.

Thanks for the reference! Still you need some way of getting most
accurate RTT samples back to the sender, right?

> > o) Retransmission ambiguity detection during loss recovery
>=20
> (what we already have)

Not really, you'll not get a lower TS back for a long delayed segment,
which was already retransmitted; also, if the retransmitted segment is
beyond some (still existing hole), Eifel + RFC1323 still fail to
disambiguate between original and retransmitted segment, when it's
delivered.

>=20
> > would allow an additional level of loss recovery control without
> reverting to timer-based methods.
>=20
> I don't get this point.

Ok, this revolves around lost retransmission detection at the
end-of-stream / below RecoveryPoint. First, LRD is again not widely
available (only one particular stack has that feature), nor officially
specified. Second, it depends on the ack of a segment beyond recovery
point to find that a retransmission was lost.

However, if the sender can infer the exact ordering in which all the
segements (original, retransmitted, reordered,...) were delivered to the
client, it can make a more informed choice if one particular segement
was lost (again), before going beyond RecoveryPoint (ie. Retransmit as
soon as the segment re-transmitted (!) dupthresh segments later than the
one in question, is received; For emphasis, I really mean the
re-transmitted segment, not the the delivery of a delayed original
segment (because that would be in indication, that there is a good
chance of the still-lost segement to be delivered via a slower path;
re-sending then would violate the packet conservation principle).


>=20
> > As with the deployment of SACK, separating "what" to send from
"when"
> to send it could be driven one step further. In particular, less
> conservative loss recovery schemes which do not trade principles of
> packet conservation against timeliness, require a reliable way of
> prompt and best possible feedback from the receiver about any
delivered
> segment and their ordering. SACK alone goes quite a long way, but
using
> Timestamp information in addition could remove any ambiguity.
>=20
> Which ambiguity do you mean here?


Hope I made this clear already: For out-of-sequence delivered,
retransmitted segments. Under certain circumstances, the sender may
re-transmit one segment more than twice, and it should be possible to
discriminate between each individual instance of that segment by using
SACK+TS information.



I can send around a sketch of such a less-conservative SACK loss
recovery scheme, using SACK+TS information, for detailed discussions
about it...?

Best regards,
   Richard


From Michael.Scharf@alcatel-lucent.com  Mon Jan 17 12:49:44 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] RTTM + timestamps
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Richard,

I happened to look at the RTO calculation and RTO spike issue a long =
time ago. For whatever it is worth, I scanned that old work and =
extracted some references that may or may not be well-known. A number of =
algorithms have indeed been developed to address these issues (e. g., =
Linux stack), and several papers tried to further optimize the timer =
calculation in particular for mobile environments, including amongst =
others:

R. Ludwig und K. Sklower. The Eifel Retransmission Timer. ACM SIGCOMM =
Computer Communications Review, 30(3), 2000, pp. 17=9627 [this is not =
the actual Eifel algorithm]

H. Ekstroem and R. Ludwig, =93The Peak-Hopper: A New End-to-End =
Retransmission Timer for Reliable Unicast Transport,=94 Proc. IEEE =
INFOCOM, 2004

K. Jacobsson, H. Hjalmarsson, N. Moeller and K. H. Johansson, =
"Round-Trip time estimation in communication networks using adaptive =
Kalman filtering"

A. Kesselman, Y. Mansour, "Optimizing TCP Retransmission Timeout", =
Springer LNCS 3421, 2005

I. Psaras, V. Tsaoussidis, "Why TCP timers (still) don't work well", =
Computer Networks, Volume 51, Issue 8, 6 June 2007

etc.

And, BTW, a young wannabe-TCP researcher once tried to systematically =
understand the RTO spikes resulting from RFC 2988:

Michael Scharf, Marc C. Necker, Bernd Gloss: "The Sensitivity of TCP to =
Sudden Delay Variations in Mobile Networks", Springer LNCS 3042, 2004, =
pp. 76-87

If a better RTT estimation or RTO calculation was indeed needed, these =
papers might contain some interesting starting points.

Michael

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<P><FONT SIZE=3D2>Richard,<BR>
<BR>
I happened to look at the RTO calculation and RTO spike issue a long =
time ago. For whatever it is worth, I scanned that old work and =
extracted some references that may or may not be well-known. A number of =
algorithms have indeed been developed to address these issues (e. g., =
Linux stack), and several papers tried to further optimize the timer =
calculation in particular for mobile environments, including amongst =
others:<BR>
<BR>
R. Ludwig und K. Sklower. The Eifel Retransmission Timer. ACM SIGCOMM =
Computer Communications Review, 30(3), 2000, pp. 17&#150;27 [this is not =
the actual Eifel algorithm]<BR>
<BR>
H. Ekstroem and R. Ludwig, &#147;The Peak-Hopper: A New End-to-End =
Retransmission Timer for Reliable Unicast Transport,&#148; Proc. IEEE =
INFOCOM, 2004<BR>
<BR>
K. Jacobsson, H. Hjalmarsson, N. Moeller and K. H. Johansson, =
&quot;Round-Trip time estimation in communication networks using =
adaptive Kalman filtering&quot;<BR>
<BR>
A. Kesselman, Y. Mansour, &quot;Optimizing TCP Retransmission =
Timeout&quot;, Springer LNCS 3421, 2005<BR>
<BR>
I. Psaras, V. Tsaoussidis, &quot;Why TCP timers (still) don't work =
well&quot;, Computer Networks, Volume 51, Issue 8, 6 June 2007<BR>
<BR>
etc.<BR>
<BR>
And, BTW, a young wannabe-TCP researcher once tried to systematically =
understand the RTO spikes resulting from RFC 2988:<BR>
<BR>
Michael Scharf, Marc C. Necker, Bernd Gloss: &quot;The Sensitivity of =
TCP to Sudden Delay Variations in Mobile Networks&quot;, Springer LNCS =
3042, 2004, pp. 76-87<BR>
<BR>
If a better RTT estimation or RTO calculation was indeed needed, these =
papers might contain some interesting starting points.<BR>
<BR>
Michael<BR>
</FONT>
</P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
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From: "Scheffenegger, Richard" <rs@netapp.com>
To: "SCHARF, Michael" <Michael.Scharf@alcatel-lucent.com>, <tcpm@ietf.org>, <iccrg@cs.ucl.ac.uk>, <end2end-interest@postel.org>
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Cc: Matt Mathis <mattmathis@google.com>, Mark Allman <mallman@icir.org>
Subject: Re: [tcpm] RTTM + timestamps
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Hi Michael,

again thank you for these references!

I wanted to bring this particular issue up, to discuss if an improved =
RTO calculation should be brought into a hypothetical I-D talking about =
improved signaling using existing options.

The one currently used by Linux has the merit of extremely wide =
deployment, and being conservative (only improves one particular aspect =
over the current standard calculation).

For non-technical issues, "Eifel" algorithms offer less good choice for =
any such future I-D work... (restrictions on IPR prevent the use in =
commercial implementations unfortunately).


However, I think most of these scenarios would also benefit from =
obtaining good feedback about the RTT samples (with the additional =
side-info, if the RTT was obtained off a reordered or retransmitted =
segment). But current signaling doesn't yield that feedback back from =
the client.

 Best regards,
   Richard





From: SCHARF, Michael [mailto:Michael.Scharf@alcatel-lucent.com]=20
Sent: Montag, 17. J=E4nner 2011 21:52
To: Scheffenegger, Richard; tcpm@ietf.org; iccrg@cs.ucl.ac.uk; =
end2end-interest@postel.org
Cc: Matt Mathis; Mark Allman
Subject: Re: [tcpm] RTTM + timestamps

Richard,

I happened to look at the RTO calculation and RTO spike issue a long =
time ago. For whatever it is worth, I scanned that old work and =
extracted some references that may or may not be well-known. A number of =
algorithms have indeed been developed to address these issues (e. g., =
Linux stack), and several papers tried to further optimize the timer =
calculation in particular for mobile environments, including amongst =
others:

R. Ludwig und K. Sklower. The Eifel Retransmission Timer. ACM SIGCOMM =
Computer Communications Review, 30(3), 2000, pp. 17-27 [this is not the =
actual Eifel algorithm]

H. Ekstroem and R. Ludwig, "The Peak-Hopper: A New End-to-End =
Retransmission Timer for Reliable Unicast Transport," Proc. IEEE =
INFOCOM, 2004

K. Jacobsson, H. Hjalmarsson, N. Moeller and K. H. Johansson, =
"Round-Trip time estimation in communication networks using adaptive =
Kalman filtering"

A. Kesselman, Y. Mansour, "Optimizing TCP Retransmission Timeout", =
Springer LNCS 3421, 2005

I. Psaras, V. Tsaoussidis, "Why TCP timers (still) don't work well", =
Computer Networks, Volume 51, Issue 8, 6 June 2007

etc.

And, BTW, a young wannabe-TCP researcher once tried to systematically =
understand the RTO spikes resulting from RFC 2988:

Michael Scharf, Marc C. Necker, Bernd Gloss: "The Sensitivity of TCP to =
Sudden Delay Variations in Mobile Networks", Springer LNCS 3042, 2004, =
pp. 76-87

If a better RTT estimation or RTO calculation was indeed needed, these =
papers might contain some interesting starting points.

Michael

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Subject: Re: [tcpm] RTTM + timestamps
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And don't forget also Mark's work

Using Spurious Retransmissions to Adapt the Retransmission Timeout
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-allman-rto-backoff-05

Am 17.01.2011 um 21:52 schrieb SCHARF, Michael:

> Richard,
>=20
> I happened to look at the RTO calculation and RTO spike issue a long =
time ago. For whatever it is worth, I scanned that old work and =
extracted some references that may or may not be well-known. A number of =
algorithms have indeed been developed to address these issues (e. g., =
Linux stack), and several papers tried to further optimize the timer =
calculation in particular for mobile environments, including amongst =
others:
>=20
> R. Ludwig und K. Sklower. The Eifel Retransmission Timer. ACM SIGCOMM =
Computer Communications Review, 30(3), 2000, pp. 17=9627 [this is not =
the actual Eifel algorithm]
>=20
> H. Ekstroem and R. Ludwig, =93The Peak-Hopper: A New End-to-End =
Retransmission Timer for Reliable Unicast Transport,=94 Proc. IEEE =
INFOCOM, 2004
>=20
> K. Jacobsson, H. Hjalmarsson, N. Moeller and K. H. Johansson, =
"Round-Trip time estimation in communication networks using adaptive =
Kalman filtering"
>=20
> A. Kesselman, Y. Mansour, "Optimizing TCP Retransmission Timeout", =
Springer LNCS 3421, 2005
>=20
> I. Psaras, V. Tsaoussidis, "Why TCP timers (still) don't work well", =
Computer Networks, Volume 51, Issue 8, 6 June 2007
>=20
> etc.
>=20
> And, BTW, a young wannabe-TCP researcher once tried to systematically =
understand the RTO spikes resulting from RFC 2988:
>=20
> Michael Scharf, Marc C. Necker, Bernd Gloss: "The Sensitivity of TCP =
to Sudden Delay Variations in Mobile Networks", Springer LNCS 3042, =
2004, pp. 76-87
>=20
> If a better RTT estimation or RTO calculation was indeed needed, these =
papers might contain some interesting starting points.
>=20
> Michael
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

//
// Dipl.-Inform. Alexander Zimmermann
// Department of Computer Science, Informatik 4
// RWTH Aachen University
// Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
// phone: (49-241) 80-21422, fax: (49-241) 80-22222
// email: zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de
// web: http://www.umic-mesh.net
//


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<html><head></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">And =
don't forget also Mark's work<div><br></div><div>Using Spurious =
Retransmissions to Adapt the Retransmission Timeout</div><div><a =
href=3D"http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-allman-rto-backoff-05">http://too=
ls.ietf.org/html/draft-allman-rto-backoff-05</a></div><div><br><div><div>A=
m 17.01.2011 um 21:52 schrieb SCHARF, Michael:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div>
<!-- Converted from text/plain format --><p><font size=3D"2">Richard,<br>
<br>
I happened to look at the RTO calculation and RTO spike issue a long =
time ago. For whatever it is worth, I scanned that old work and =
extracted some references that may or may not be well-known. A number of =
algorithms have indeed been developed to address these issues (e. g., =
Linux stack), and several papers tried to further optimize the timer =
calculation in particular for mobile environments, including amongst =
others:<br>
<br>
R. Ludwig und K. Sklower. The Eifel Retransmission Timer. ACM SIGCOMM =
Computer Communications Review, 30(3), 2000, pp. 17=9627 [this is not =
the actual Eifel algorithm]<br>
<br>
H. Ekstroem and R. Ludwig, =93The Peak-Hopper: A New End-to-End =
Retransmission Timer for Reliable Unicast Transport,=94 Proc. IEEE =
INFOCOM, 2004<br>
<br>
K. Jacobsson, H. Hjalmarsson, N. Moeller and K. H. Johansson, =
"Round-Trip time estimation in communication networks using adaptive =
Kalman filtering"<br>
<br>
A. Kesselman, Y. Mansour, "Optimizing TCP Retransmission Timeout", =
Springer LNCS 3421, 2005<br>
<br>
I. Psaras, V. Tsaoussidis, "Why TCP timers (still) don't work well", =
Computer Networks, Volume 51, Issue 8, 6 June 2007<br>
<br>
etc.<br>
<br>
And, BTW, a young wannabe-TCP researcher once tried to systematically =
understand the RTO spikes resulting from RFC 2988:<br>
<br>
Michael Scharf, Marc C. Necker, Bernd Gloss: "The Sensitivity of TCP to =
Sudden Delay Variations in Mobile Networks", Springer LNCS 3042, 2004, =
pp. 76-87<br>
<br>
If a better RTT estimation or RTO calculation was indeed needed, these =
papers might contain some interesting starting points.<br>
<br>
Michael<br>
</font>
</p>

</div>
_______________________________________________<br>tcpm mailing =
list<br><a href=3D"mailto:tcpm@ietf.org">tcpm@ietf.org</a><br><a =
href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm">https://www.ietf.org/m=
ailman/listinfo/tcpm</a><br></blockquote></div><br><div>
<div style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; =
-webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div style=3D"word-wrap: =
break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: =
after-white-space; "><div><span class=3D"Apple-style-span" =
style=3D"font-size: 12px; "><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: =
0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Helvetica; ">//</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; ">// Dipl.-Inform. Alexander =
Zimmermann</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Helvetica; ">// Department of Computer Science, Informatik =
4</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: =
0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; =
">// RWTH Aachen University</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; =
margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal =
normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; ">// Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, =
Germany</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Helvetica; ">// phone: (49-241) 80-21422, fax: (49-241) =
80-22222</div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Helvetica; ">// email: <a =
href=3D"mailto:zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de">zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de<=
/a></div><div style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; =
margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal =
12px/normal Helvetica; ">// web: <a =
href=3D"http://www.umic-mesh.net">http://www.umic-mesh.net</a></div><div =
style=3D"margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; =
margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Helvetica; =
">//</div></span></div></div></div>
</div>
<br></div></body></html>=

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From alexander.zimmermann@comsys.rwth-aachen.de  Thu Jan 20 09:24:28 2011
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Hi Yoshifumi,

some *late* comments on your draft =
(draft-nishida-newreno-modification-02)

* Page 6, Case 1:

  - I wonder if the case is also possible when the sender use Limit =
Transmit.
    I'm to lazy to replay the example with a pen and a sheet of paper =
;-)

  - You say "Since the two segments in line 8 and 9 are usually =
transmitted almost
    at the same time, the receiver may send back only one ACK for these
    two segments (line 10)".

    However, according RFC5681 this is not recommended." To
    provide feedback to senders recovering from losses, the receiver
    SHOULD send an immediate ACK when it receives a data segment that
    fills in all or part of a gap in the sequence space."

    What TCP stack did you dump?

* Page 7, Case 2:

  - You say "However, these duplicated ACKs sent from B have zero =
advertised
    window because of buffer overflow."

    Are you sure about your statement? See DUPACK definition in RFC5681, =
rule (e)

* Page 8, Case 3:

  - Again, is this example valid with Limited Transmit in use?

* Page 9, Discussion:

  - The first paragraph, I understand. I also notice that Linux call =
"open cwnd"
    after FRec. However, what do want to say with the first sentence of =
the
    second paragraph? (Or the whole paragraph) I don't get this...

Alex

Am 24.11.2010 um 06:07 schrieb Wesley Eddy:

> We had previously polled the working group on revising RFC3782 =
(NewReno) in order to account for the reported errata and Yoshifumi's =
modification.
>=20
> Since TCPM's charter already includes maintaining existing pieces of =
TCP (like NewReno), and given that there was a small amount of support =
on the list, no resistance, and all of the authors of RFC 3782 plus =
Yoshifumi have expressed interest and energy, we asked the authors to =
submit the next revision of their 3782bis document as a WG draft.  The
> prior revision is:
> http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-henderson-tcpm-rfc3782-bis/
> which will be replaced by the working group document.
>=20
> Since the known updates are fairly simple, we set a charter milestone =
only a few months away (April 2011) for submission to the IESG (still as =
a Proposed Standard).
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

//
// Dipl.-Inform. Alexander Zimmermann
// Department of Computer Science, Informatik 4
// RWTH Aachen University
// Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
// phone: (49-241) 80-21422, fax: (49-241) 80-22222
// email: zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de
// web: http://www.umic-mesh.net
//


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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the TCP Maintenance and Minor Extensions Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : Security Assessment of the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
	Author(s)       : F. Gont
	Filename        : draft-ietf-tcpm-tcp-security-02.txt
	Pages           : 114
	Date            : 2011-01-20

This document contains a security assessment of the specifications of
the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and of a number of
mechanisms and policies in use by popular TCP implementations.
Additionally, it contains best current practices for hardening a TCP
implementation.

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Hello Alexander,
Thanks for your comments.

2011/1/20 Alexander Zimmermann <alexander.zimmermann@comsys.rwth-aachen.de>=
:
> Hi Yoshifumi,
>
> some *late* comments on your draft (draft-nishida-newreno-modification-02=
)
>
> * Page 6, Case 1:
>
> =A0- I wonder if the case is also possible when the sender use Limit Tran=
smit.
> =A0 =A0I'm to lazy to replay the example with a pen and a sheet of paper =
;-)

How about this one?

         1  10:41:00.000001 A > B: . 1000:2000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
         2  10:41:00.001001 A > B: . 2000:3000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
         3  10:41:00.002001 A > B: . 3000:4000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
         4  10:41:00.010001 B > A: . ack 1000 win 16384
         5  10:41:00.011001 B > A: . ack 1000 win 16384
         6  10:41:00.011001 A > B: . 4000:5000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
         7  10:41:00.012001 B > A: . ack 1000 win 16384
         8  10:41:00.013001 A > B: . 1000:2000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
         9  10:41:00.014001 A > B: . 5000:6000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
       10  10:41:00.024001 B > A: . ack 6000 win 16384
       11  10:41:00.025001 A > B: . 6000:7000(1000) ack 1 win 32768

> =A0- You say "Since the two segments in line 8 and 9 are usually transmit=
ted almost
> =A0 =A0at the same time, the receiver may send back only one ACK for thes=
e
> =A0 =A0two segments (line 10)".
>
> =A0 =A0However, according RFC5681 this is not recommended." To
> =A0 =A0provide feedback to senders recovering from losses, the receiver
> =A0 =A0SHOULD send an immediate ACK when it receives a data segment that
> =A0 =A0fills in all or part of a gap in the sequence space."

I don't see any discrepancy here.
Because in my interpretation, "immediate" does not necessarily mean
don't aggregate other ACKs
and there is no clear definition of immediate.

>
> =A0 =A0What TCP stack did you dump?
>
> * Page 7, Case 2:
>
> =A0- You say "However, these duplicated ACKs sent from B have zero advert=
ised
> =A0 =A0window because of buffer overflow."
>
> =A0 =A0Are you sure about your statement? See DUPACK definition in RFC568=
1, rule (e)

Hmm. To me, line 7-9 and 11-12 still look dup acks. You could argue
line 7 might not, but I guess this is not your point..
If I misunderstand something here, please let me know.

> * Page 8, Case 3:
>
> =A0- Again, is this example valid with Limited Transmit in use?
> * Page 9, Discussion:
>
> =A0- The first paragraph, I understand. I also notice that Linux call "op=
en cwnd"
> =A0 =A0after FRec. However, what do want to say with the first sentence o=
f the
> =A0 =A0second paragraph? (Or the whole paragraph) I don't get this...

OK. Please let me explain.
My point here is on the arrival of the first Full ACK, a certain TCP
exits FR and adjusts cwnd, then call opencwnd to adjust cwnd again.
This means the TCP adjusts cwnd twice on a single ACK reception. But,
I prefer that TCP calls opencwnd on the next ACK arrival.

Thanks,
--
Yoshifumi Nishida
nishida@sfc.wide.ad.jp

>
> Alex
>
> Am 24.11.2010 um 06:07 schrieb Wesley Eddy:
>
>> We had previously polled the working group on revising RFC3782 (NewReno)=
 in order to account for the reported errata and Yoshifumi's modification.
>>
>> Since TCPM's charter already includes maintaining existing pieces of TCP=
 (like NewReno), and given that there was a small amount of support on the =
list, no resistance, and all of the authors of RFC 3782 plus Yoshifumi have=
 expressed interest and energy, we asked the authors to submit the next rev=
ision of their 3782bis document as a WG draft. =A0The
>> prior revision is:
>> http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-henderson-tcpm-rfc3782-bis/
>> which will be replaced by the working group document.
>>
>> Since the known updates are fairly simple, we set a charter milestone on=
ly a few months away (April 2011) for submission to the IESG (still as a Pr=
oposed Standard).
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> tcpm mailing list
>> tcpm@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>
> //
> // Dipl.-Inform. Alexander Zimmermann
> // Department of Computer Science, Informatik 4
> // RWTH Aachen University
> // Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
> // phone: (49-241) 80-21422, fax: (49-241) 80-22222
> // email: zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de
> // web: http://www.umic-mesh.net
> //
>
>

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From: Alexander Zimmermann <alexander.zimmermann@comsys.rwth-aachen.de>
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Date: Mon, 24 Jan 2011 19:18:07 +0100
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To: Yoshifumi Nishida <nishida@sfc.wide.ad.jp>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] NewReno revision (RFC3782bis)
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Hi Yoshifumi,

what I really miss to indicate last time was that I support your doc.
In my opinion your fix is one right approach to tackle the problem.
My comments below are only related to your examples, so not that
important.=20

Alex

Am 21.01.2011 um 10:37 schrieb Yoshifumi Nishida:

> Hello Alexander,
> Thanks for your comments.
>=20
> 2011/1/20 Alexander Zimmermann =
<alexander.zimmermann@comsys.rwth-aachen.de>:
>> Hi Yoshifumi,
>>=20
>> some *late* comments on your draft =
(draft-nishida-newreno-modification-02)
>>=20
>> * Page 6, Case 1:
>>=20
>>  - I wonder if the case is also possible when the sender use Limit =
Transmit.
>>    I'm to lazy to replay the example with a pen and a sheet of paper =
;-)
>=20
> How about this one?
>=20
>         1  10:41:00.000001 A > B: . 1000:2000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
>         2  10:41:00.001001 A > B: . 2000:3000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
>         3  10:41:00.002001 A > B: . 3000:4000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
>         4  10:41:00.010001 B > A: . ack 1000 win 16384
>         5  10:41:00.011001 B > A: . ack 1000 win 16384
>         6  10:41:00.011001 A > B: . 4000:5000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
>         7  10:41:00.012001 B > A: . ack 1000 win 16384
>         8  10:41:00.013001 A > B: . 1000:2000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
>         9  10:41:00.014001 A > B: . 5000:6000(1000) ack 1 win 32768
>       10  10:41:00.024001 B > A: . ack 6000 win 16384
>       11  10:41:00.025001 A > B: . 6000:7000(1000) ack 1 win 32768

LTransmit/Retransmit/LTransmit is somehow weird. I never saw this in
real life. (However, I dump only linux boxes)

>=20
>>  - You say "Since the two segments in line 8 and 9 are usually =
transmitted almost
>>    at the same time, the receiver may send back only one ACK for =
these
>>    two segments (line 10)".
>>=20
>>    However, according RFC5681 this is not recommended." To
>>    provide feedback to senders recovering from losses, the receiver
>>    SHOULD send an immediate ACK when it receives a data segment that
>>    fills in all or part of a gap in the sequence space."
>=20
> I don't see any discrepancy here.
> Because in my interpretation, "immediate" does not necessarily mean
> don't aggregate other ACKs
> and there is no clear definition of immediate.

IMO "immediate" means "don't aggregate", since if want to aggregate =
something
you have to wait. Linux for example goes with Quick Ack one step further =
(but
I think you know that)

>=20
>>=20
>>    What TCP stack did you dump?
>>=20
>> * Page 7, Case 2:
>>=20
>>  - You say "However, these duplicated ACKs sent from B have zero =
advertised
>>    window because of buffer overflow."
>>=20
>>    Are you sure about your statement? See DUPACK definition in =
RFC5681, rule (e)
>=20
> Hmm. To me, line 7-9 and 11-12 still look dup acks. You could argue
> line 7 might not, but I guess this is not your point..

This was my point.

> If I misunderstand something here, please let me know.
>=20
>> * Page 8, Case 3:
>>=20
>>  - Again, is this example valid with Limited Transmit in use?
>> * Page 9, Discussion:
>>=20
>>  - The first paragraph, I understand. I also notice that Linux call =
"open cwnd"
>>    after FRec. However, what do want to say with the first sentence =
of the
>>    second paragraph? (Or the whole paragraph) I don't get this...
>=20
> OK. Please let me explain.
> My point here is on the arrival of the first Full ACK, a certain TCP
> exits FR and adjusts cwnd, then call opencwnd to adjust cwnd again.
> This means the TCP adjusts cwnd twice on a single ACK reception. But,
> I prefer that TCP calls opencwnd on the next ACK arrival.

AFAIK this is not the point for Linux (as you wrote in you draft). Here, =
the
"Burst Protection" is insurance that you send more that one segment. =
Pasi
wrote a nice paragraph is his Linux paper about that:

"There are occasions where the number of outstanding packets decreases =
suddenly
by several segments. For example, a retransmitted segment and the =
following forward
transmissions can be acknowledged with a single cumulative ACK. These =
situations
would cause bursts of data to be transmitted into the network, unless =
they are taken
into account in the TCP sender implementation. The Linux TCP sender =
avoids the bursts
by limiting the congestion window to allow at most three segments to be =
transmitted
for an incoming ACK. Since burst avoidance may reduce the congestion =
window size below
the slow start threshold, it is possible for the sender to enter slow =
start after
several segments have been acknowledged by a single ACK."

I attached a nice example, which came my across.
PS: Forget about the annotation in the plot, its plot for my thesis. I =
know that
know how NewReno works ;-)


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//
// Dipl.-Inform. Alexander Zimmermann
// Department of Computer Science, Informatik 4
// RWTH Aachen University
// Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
// phone: (49-241) 80-21422, fax: (49-241) 80-22222
// email: zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de
// web: http://www.umic-mesh.net
//


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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the TCP Maintenance and Minor Extensions Working Group of the IETF.


	Title           : The NewReno Modification to TCP's Fast Recovery Algorithm
	Author(s)       : T. Henderson, et al.
	Filename        : draft-ietf-tcpm-rfc3782-bis-00.txt
	Pages           : 22
	Date            : 2011-01-24

RFC 5681 [RFC5681] documents the following four intertwined TCP
congestion control algorithms: Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast
Retransmit, and Fast Recovery.  RFC 5681 explicitly allows
certain modifications of these algorithms, including modifications
that use the TCP Selective Acknowledgement (SACK) option [RFC2883],
and modifications that respond to "partial acknowledgments" (ACKs
which cover new data, but not all the data outstanding when loss was
detected) in the absence of SACK.  This document describes a specific
algorithm for responding to partial acknowledgments, referred to as
NewReno.  This response to partial acknowledgments was first proposed
by Janey Hoe in [Hoe95].

The purpose of this revision from [RFC3782] is to make errata changes
and to adopt a proposal from Yoshifumi Nishida to slightly increase
the minimum window size after Fast Recovery from one to two segments,
to improve performance when the receiver uses delayed acknowledgments.

A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-tcpm-rfc3782-bis-00.txt

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What a coincidence! Just at the moment I wrote my comments about
rfc3782bis, the notification came in...

Here are some ideas for further improvement. I don't feel strongly about =
any
of the following points, However, IMO RFC3782 is too complicated. =
RFC2582 is
much easier to understand. Why?
   * The Problem of "Avoiding Multiple Fast Retransmit" is better =
explain
   * We don't have in every second sentence an ns2 example call


* Sec 1: Lack of a proper problem description

What we have is this (2nd para)

"Problems can arise, therefore, when multiple packets are dropped
from a single window of data and the Fast Retransmit and Fast Recovery
algorithms are invoked."

But is what really the problem? AFAIK, the "original" problem was that =
Reno
run into an RTO, if we have more than two or three losses in a single =
window of data.
The main problem (AFAIK) was for example not, that we execute multiple =
times FRet in
one window (provided that we get enough DUPACKs)


* New Sec between Sec 2 and Sec 3: Basic idea of the algo

I love basic ideas! In that case the reader has some ideas how the algo
works, before he read it step by step.

Here, we could also directly mention that the following step 1), 1b) and =
6)=20
are require to fix *another* problem that the original one. The first =
time
I read RFC3782, is was not that easy to figure out that this steps fix =
another
issue.


* Sec 5: IMO delete it or move it to an appendix.


* Sec 6: Really, really complicated...

Take for example RFC2582 or [GF04] (only the intro). Much easier to =
understand. With
this two doc, you can understand the problem.

For example:
  - In RFC3782, 1st para: It confused the reader more than it helps.=20
  - In RFC3782, 3rd para: Oh my god ;-) Regarding to RFC2582, why do we =
delete the most
    important sentence here: "Thus with NewReno, the problem of multiple =
Fast Retransmits
    from a single window of data can only occur after a Retransmit =
Timeout."

    Say the problem/goal: we want to block a FRet *after an RTO* until =
we reach recover.
  - In RFC3782, 4th para: It confused the reader more than it helps. =
Typically, the changes
    between versions are not intermixed with a problem description. Make =
an own Section where
    we can describe the diffs. BTW, we have already such a section.


* IMO Section 7,8,9,10,11 should move to an appendix

Alex

[GF04]: Resolving Acknowledgment Ambiguity in non-SACK TCP

Am 24.01.2011 um 19:30 schrieb <Internet-Drafts@ietf.org>
 <Internet-Drafts@ietf.org>:

> A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts =
directories.
> This draft is a work item of the TCP Maintenance and Minor Extensions =
Working Group of the IETF.
>=20
>=20
> 	Title           : The NewReno Modification to TCP's Fast =
Recovery Algorithm
> 	Author(s)       : T. Henderson, et al.
> 	Filename        : draft-ietf-tcpm-rfc3782-bis-00.txt
> 	Pages           : 22
> 	Date            : 2011-01-24
>=20
> RFC 5681 [RFC5681] documents the following four intertwined TCP
> congestion control algorithms: Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, Fast
> Retransmit, and Fast Recovery.  RFC 5681 explicitly allows
> certain modifications of these algorithms, including modifications
> that use the TCP Selective Acknowledgement (SACK) option [RFC2883],
> and modifications that respond to "partial acknowledgments" (ACKs
> which cover new data, but not all the data outstanding when loss was
> detected) in the absence of SACK.  This document describes a specific
> algorithm for responding to partial acknowledgments, referred to as
> NewReno.  This response to partial acknowledgments was first proposed
> by Janey Hoe in [Hoe95].
>=20
> The purpose of this revision from [RFC3782] is to make errata changes
> and to adopt a proposal from Yoshifumi Nishida to slightly increase
> the minimum window size after Fast Recovery from one to two segments,
> to improve performance when the receiver uses delayed acknowledgments.
>=20
> A URL for this Internet-Draft is:
> http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-tcpm-rfc3782-bis-00.txt
>=20
> Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
> ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
>=20
> Below is the data which will enable a MIME compliant mail reader
> implementation to automatically retrieve the ASCII version of the
> Internet-Draft.
> <Mail-Anhang>_______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

//
// Dipl.-Inform. Alexander Zimmermann
// Department of Computer Science, Informatik 4
// RWTH Aachen University
// Ahornstr. 55, 52056 Aachen, Germany
// phone: (49-241) 80-21422, fax: (49-241) 80-22222
// email: zimmermann@cs.rwth-aachen.de
// web: http://www.umic-mesh.net
//


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From wesley.m.eddy@nasa.gov  Tue Jan 25 10:21:32 2011
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Thread-Topic: dispositioning of RFC 793 reported-errata
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Subject: [tcpm] dispositioning of RFC 793 reported-errata
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Hello, we have several reported errata on RFC 793 which have been stalled i=
n the "reported" state for quite some time, and need to be dispositioned as=
 either:

 o Approved - The erratum is appropriate under the criteria below and
   should be available to implementors or people deploying the RFC.

 o Rejected - The erratum is in error, or proposes a change to the
   RFC that should be done my publishing a new RFC that replaces the
   current RFC. In the latter case, if the change is to be
   considered for future updates of the document, it should be
   proposed using channels other than the errata process, such as a
   WG mailing list.

 o Hold for Document Update - The erratum is not a necessary update
   to the RFC. However, any future update of the document might
   consider this erratum, and determine whether it is correct and
   merits including in the update.


There are ~20 of these, so I was thinking we could go through them
in 3 batches of ~7.  Here are some proposed dispositions (from me) for
the first 7 which your feedback would be useful on.  These only come
from my own review at the moment.

In the next several weeks, I'd like to ask the working group if there
is consensus on the proposed dispositions for each of these (please
copy the TCPM list with any comments you have):


1 - Errata ID 1496:
http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1496

Accepted - note that RFC 1122 already fixes this


2 - Errata ID 1561:
http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1561

Hold for Document Update - the state is very clearly
defined in the document (and diagram), so this change
seems to not be strictly necessary, and it expresses
something slightly different than the existing text,
though it is correct.


3 - Errata ID 1562:
http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1562

Accepted - minor clarification


4 - Errata ID 1563:
http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1563

Accepted - note, RFC 1122 already corrected this


5 - Errata ID 1564:
http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1564

Accepted - minor clarification


6 - Errata ID 1565:
http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1565

Hold for Document Update - the actual clarification
that might be included may be more complex than what
this errata suggests, and it does not seem to be
strictly necessary to clarify at the moment


7 - Errata ID 1566:
http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1566

Rejected - this is "may" and does not produce incorrect
protocol behavior, so there is no reason to remove it.


Guidance:

   In order to help you determine the correct handling for the errata,
   the IESG has come up with a few guidelines:

 1. Only errors that could cause implementation or deployment
    problems or significant confusion should be Approved.

 2. Things that are clearly wrong but could not cause an
    implementation or deployment problem should be Hold for Document
    Update.

 3. Errata on obsolete RFCs should be treated the same as errata on
    RFCs that are not obsolete where there is strong evidence that
    some people are still making use of the related technology.

 4. Trivial grammar corrections should be Hold for Document Update.

 5. Typographical errors which would not cause any confusions to
    implementation or deployments should be Hold for Document Update.

 6. Changes which are simply stylistic issues or simply make things
    read better should be Hold for Document Update.

 7. Changes that modify the working of a protocol to something that
    might be different from the intended consensus when the document
    was approved should be either Hold for Document Update or
    Rejected. Deciding between these two depends on judgment.
    Changes that are clearly modifications to the intended consensus,
    or involve large textual changes, should be Rejected. In unclear
    situations, small changes can be Hold for Document Update.

 8. Changes that modify the working of a process, such as changing an
    IANA registration procedure, to something that might be different
    from the intended consensus when the document was approved should
    be Rejected.

--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems



From touch@isi.edu  Tue Jan 25 10:57:26 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] dispositioning of RFC 793 reported-errata
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Hi, all,

Some commments below.

Joe

----------

On 1/25/2011 10:24 AM, Eddy, Wesley M. (GRC-MS00)[ASRC AEROSPACE CORP] 
wrote:
...
> In the next several weeks, I'd like to ask the working group if there
> is consensus on the proposed dispositions for each of these (please
> copy the TCPM list with any comments you have):
>
> 1 - Errata ID 1496:
> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1496
>
> Accepted - note that RFC 1122 already fixes this

I'm not sure of the correct procedure here. RFC 1122 updates RFC 793. I 
don't think it's appropriate to include errata that merely point out 
those updates.

At best, HOLD FOR DOC UPDATE, but I prefer that such changes be just 
REJECTED.

> 2 - Errata ID 1561:
> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1561
>
> Hold for Document Update - the state is very clearly
> defined in the document (and diagram), so this change
> seems to not be strictly necessary, and it expresses
> something slightly different than the existing text,
> though it is correct.

Agreed.

> 3 - Errata ID 1562:
> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1562
>
> Accepted - minor clarification

I disagree. The wording is very poor, at best. The point appears to be 
that the sequence number can increase due to data octets OR unique 
control segments (segments without data), AFAICT. The flag fields 
themselves are not counted per se, either individually or when repeated 
(again, AFAICT). E.g., the sequence number does not increase by two for 
a SYN-ACK (which has two flag bits).

This change should either be Rejected (as submitted) or edited to be clear.

> 4 - Errata ID 1563:
> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1563
>
> Accepted - note, RFC 1122 already corrected this

This should be separated into different reports.

The typographic errors should definitely be HOLD FOR DOCUMENT UPDATE; 
only the specific changes should be added.

For the rest, disagree - handle the rest as noted for eratta 1496.

> 5 - Errata ID 1564:
> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1564
>
> Accepted - minor clarification

Disagree - handle as noted for errata 1562.

> 6 - Errata ID 1565:
> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1565
>
> Hold for Document Update - the actual clarification
> that might be included may be more complex than what
> this errata suggests, and it does not seem to be
> strictly necessary to clarify at the moment

Agreed.

> 7 - Errata ID 1566:
> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1566
>
> Rejected - this is "may" and does not produce incorrect
> protocol behavior, so there is no reason to remove it.

Agreed.

---

From wesley.m.eddy@nasa.gov  Tue Jan 25 13:45:50 2011
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From: "Eddy, Wesley M. (GRC-MS00)[ASRC AEROSPACE CORP]" <wesley.m.eddy@nasa.gov>
To: Joe Touch <touch@isi.edu>
Date: Tue, 25 Jan 2011 15:48:46 -0600
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Thanks Joe, I buy your arguments, here are some additional comments:

>-----Original Message-----
>From: Joe Touch [mailto:touch@isi.edu]
>Sent: Tuesday, January 25, 2011 2:00 PM
>
> ...
>
>> 1 - Errata ID 1496:
>> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1496
>>
>> Accepted - note that RFC 1122 already fixes this
>
>I'm not sure of the correct procedure here. RFC 1122 updates RFC 793. I
>don't think it's appropriate to include errata that merely point out
>those updates.
>
>At best, HOLD FOR DOC UPDATE, but I prefer that such changes be just
>REJECTED.


Now that you mention it, there should be an additional IESG guideline
added to the list of errata-handling guidelines: For documents that
the RFC-Editor has already recorded as "Updated by" other documents,
if those updates correct or clarify the subject of the errata, then
the errata should be REJECTED.


>> 3 - Errata ID 1562:
>> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1562
>>
>> Accepted - minor clarification
>
>I disagree. The wording is very poor, at best. The point appears to be
>that the sequence number can increase due to data octets OR unique
>control segments (segments without data), AFAICT. The flag fields
>themselves are not counted per se, either individually or when repeated
>(again, AFAICT). E.g., the sequence number does not increase by two for
>a SYN-ACK (which has two flag bits).
>
>This change should either be Rejected (as submitted) or edited to be
>clear.


I see your point; I could live with either a "reject" or "hold for
document update" since the point is that the SYN/FIN bits count.  The
errata as-written is not quite right, and accepting some fixed version
of it probably won't make any difference to implementers (since this is
sufficiently well-explained elsewhere).


>> 5 - Errata ID 1564:
>> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=3D1564
>>
>> Accepted - minor clarification
>
>Disagree - handle as noted for errata 1562.


I now agree; both 1562 and 1564 should be treated the same, however that
consensus turns out.


--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems


From touch@isi.edu  Tue Jan 25 13:55:32 2011
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Hi, Wes,

On 1/25/2011 1:48 PM, Eddy, Wesley M. (GRC-MS00)[ASRC AEROSPACE CORP] wrote:
> Thanks Joe, I buy your arguments, here are some additional comments:
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Joe Touch [mailto:touch@isi.edu]
>> Sent: Tuesday, January 25, 2011 2:00 PM
>>
>> ...
>>
>>> 1 - Errata ID 1496:
>>> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1496
>>>
>>> Accepted - note that RFC 1122 already fixes this
>>
>> I'm not sure of the correct procedure here. RFC 1122 updates RFC 793. I
>> don't think it's appropriate to include errata that merely point out
>> those updates.
>>
>> At best, HOLD FOR DOC UPDATE, but I prefer that such changes be just
>> REJECTED.
>
>
> Now that you mention it, there should be an additional IESG guideline
> added to the list of errata-handling guidelines: For documents that
> the RFC-Editor has already recorded as "Updated by" other documents,
> if those updates correct or clarify the subject of the errata, then
> the errata should be REJECTED.

Yup - that's a useful general guideline IMO.


>>> 3 - Errata ID 1562:
>>> http://www.rfc-editor.org/errata_search.php?eid=1562
>>>
>>> Accepted - minor clarification
>>
>> I disagree. The wording is very poor, at best. The point appears to be
>> that the sequence number can increase due to data octets OR unique
>> control segments (segments without data), AFAICT. The flag fields
>> themselves are not counted per se, either individually or when repeated
>> (again, AFAICT). E.g., the sequence number does not increase by two for
>> a SYN-ACK (which has two flag bits).
>>
>> This change should either be Rejected (as submitted) or edited to be
>> clear.
>
> I see your point; I could live with either a "reject" or "hold for
> document update" since the point is that the SYN/FIN bits count.  The
> errata as-written is not quite right, and accepting some fixed version
> of it probably won't make any difference to implementers (since this is
> sufficiently well-explained elsewhere).

I think as-is it's more confusing than helpful. Are there procedures for 
editing the errata? Or should we just submit a more clear one (that we 
hold for doc update) and reject this?

Joe


From wes@mti-systems.com  Sun Jan 30 20:23:55 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
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On 1/13/2011 10:38 PM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
> Based on the discussion of section 7 (programming considerations), the
> document on clarifying the persist condition has been updated by the
> authors.
>
> The document can be found at:
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/
>
> We think this is ready for working group last call now, so with this
> email, I'd like to start a two-week WGLC on the document to last until
> 1/28. Please send your comments to the TCPM list by then.


Since this last call has concluded, I'm planning to do the PROTO writeup 
and send up the document to the IESG late this week.  Since this 
document is fairly short, includes relatively simple technical material, 
and was well-discussed earlier in its history, I wasn't concerned by the 
lack of WGLC feedback, but will note it in the writeup.

If there's any disagreement on this, or someone wants more time to 
review, please shout in the next couple days, before I submit the 
document to the IESG for publication.

--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems

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Based on previous discussions and the thread several months ago for 
confirming adoption of the RFC 2988bis document:
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/tcpm/current/msg05814.html
I'll ask to have a milestone added to the TCPM charter for this document 
and for it to be noted as a WG document in the tracker.

Note that the authors feel this document is complete, and as this is a 
relatively short "bis" document and the main changes have seemed fairly 
well agreed upon in prior WG discussion, I plan to set the milestone 
date for March to submit this to the IESG, and will start a WGLC 
following addition of the milestone.

With that in mind, please consider reviewing:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-paxson-tcpm-rfc2988bis-01
as a WG document, since a working group last call is planned soon.

--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems

From anil.agarwal@viasat.com  Mon Jan 31 05:09:10 2011
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Wes,

In https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist, the
"Programming Considerations" section seems to describe two different
techniques for TCP-to-application interaction for persist timeout
handling.=20
  a) TCP sends a timeout indication to the application which then=20
     closes the connection;=20
  b) TCP itself terminates the connection.=20

1. The two techniques are written using very different description
styles -
   would be beneficial to use one consistent style.

2. A sentence clarifying that these are two separate suggested
techniques
   would also be useful.

3. Would be useful to clarify that TCP will close the connection and
reclaim
   resources if a close is performed by the application for a connection
in
   "persist" state, even if there is unsent data in the transmit buffer.
   Does it?=20
   If it does, approximately how long will it (should it) take before
   the connection is terminated and resources are reclaimed?

Anil Agarwal
ViaSat Inc.


-----Original Message-----
From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of
Wesley Eddy
Sent: Sunday, January 30, 2011 11:27 PM
To: tcpm@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist

On 1/13/2011 10:38 PM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
> Based on the discussion of section 7 (programming considerations), the
> document on clarifying the persist condition has been updated by the
> authors.
>
> The document can be found at:
> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/
>
> We think this is ready for working group last call now, so with this
> email, I'd like to start a two-week WGLC on the document to last until
> 1/28. Please send your comments to the TCPM list by then.


Since this last call has concluded, I'm planning to do the PROTO writeup

and send up the document to the IESG late this week.  Since this=20
document is fairly short, includes relatively simple technical material,

and was well-discussed earlier in its history, I wasn't concerned by the

lack of WGLC feedback, but will note it in the writeup.

If there's any disagreement on this, or someone wants more time to=20
review, please shout in the next couple days, before I submit the=20
document to the IESG for publication.

--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems
_______________________________________________
tcpm mailing list
tcpm@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

From ananth@cisco.com  Mon Jan 31 07:58:50 2011
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From: "Anantha Ramaiah (ananth)" <ananth@cisco.com>
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Anil,
     You probably missed the 3+ years of on/off discussion that went on
with this short draft. The wordings are so chosen in a such a way to
honor the RFC 1122 (or 793) spirits that TCP by itself cannot abort the
connection and it is ok for TCP to abort the connection if the
application or system (OS) has indicated so. So, in both cases where you
mention below we simply suggest that as long as the basic premise is
followed (i.e, TCP by itself cannot abort the connection), we are fine
with any method an implementation uses. The programming consideration
section is there to simply illustrate the concept.
    Pl see inline for specific answers :-

> -----Original Message-----
> From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
Of
> Agarwal, Anil
> Sent: Monday, January 31, 2011 5:12 AM
> To: Wesley Eddy; tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
>=20
> Wes,
>=20
> In https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist, the
> "Programming Considerations" section seems to describe two different
> techniques for TCP-to-application interaction for persist timeout
> handling.
>   a) TCP sends a timeout indication to the application which then
>      closes the connection;
>   b) TCP itself terminates the connection.
>=20
> 1. The two techniques are written using very different description
> styles -
>    would be beneficial to use one consistent style.

The base of these "2 techniques" is that the application has requested
to close the connection if some conditions are met using a an API as
mentioned in the previous paragraph.=20

I'
>=20
> 2. A sentence clarifying that these are two separate suggested
> techniques
>    would also be useful.

Well, we really don't want to emphasize a whole lot, there were some
folks who felt that there is no need for having a programming
considerations section at all. Your suggestion seems to be supporting
that and add more text, but we have had so much debate (unfortunately)
on this topic and I would be reluctant to add more text unless there is
a WG consensus.=20
>=20
> 3. Would be useful to clarify that TCP will close the connection and
> reclaim
>    resources if a close is performed by the application for a
> connection
> in
>    "persist" state, even if there is unsent data in the transmit
> buffer.
>    Does it?
>    If it does, approximately how long will it (should it) take before
>    the connection is terminated and resources are reclaimed?

An application close would be handled the same way as it is today. We
haven't changed any of those semantics. We can add a line if there is a
confusion.

Thanks,
-Anantha
>=20
> Anil Agarwal
> ViaSat Inc.
>=20
>=20
> -----Original Message-----
> From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
Of
> Wesley Eddy
> Sent: Sunday, January 30, 2011 11:27 PM
> To: tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
>=20
> On 1/13/2011 10:38 PM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
> > Based on the discussion of section 7 (programming considerations),
> the
> > document on clarifying the persist condition has been updated by the
> > authors.
> >
> > The document can be found at:
> > https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/
> >
> > We think this is ready for working group last call now, so with this
> > email, I'd like to start a two-week WGLC on the document to last
> until
> > 1/28. Please send your comments to the TCPM list by then.
>=20
>=20
> Since this last call has concluded, I'm planning to do the PROTO
> writeup
>=20
> and send up the document to the IESG late this week.  Since this
> document is fairly short, includes relatively simple technical
> material,
>=20
> and was well-discussed earlier in its history, I wasn't concerned by
> the
>=20
> lack of WGLC feedback, but will note it in the writeup.
>=20
> If there's any disagreement on this, or someone wants more time to
> review, please shout in the next couple days, before I submit the
> document to the IESG for publication.
>=20
> --
> Wes Eddy
> MTI Systems
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

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On 1/31/2011 8:12 AM, Agarwal, Anil wrote:
> Wes,
>
> In https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist, the
> "Programming Considerations" section seems to describe two different
> techniques for TCP-to-application interaction for persist timeout
> handling.
>    a) TCP sends a timeout indication to the application which then
>       closes the connection;
>    b) TCP itself terminates the connection.
>
> 1. The two techniques are written using very different description
> styles -
>     would be beneficial to use one consistent style.
>
> 2. A sentence clarifying that these are two separate suggested
> techniques
>     would also be useful.
>


I think these are good points and it's helpful to have a fresh set of 
eyes on the document.  On looking at that section again, I agree that it 
isn't particularly clear that there are 2 different techniques that the 
API supports.  Since this should be possible to remedy with just a 
couple sentences, I think it should be done.


--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems

From mahesh@cisco.com  Mon Jan 31 09:33:33 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
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On 1/31/2011 8:50 AM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
>
>
>
>
> I think these are good points and it's helpful to have a fresh set of
> eyes on the document.  On looking at that section again, I agree that it
> isn't particularly clear that there are 2 different techniques that the
> API supports.  Since this should be possible to remedy with just a
> couple sentences, I think it should be 
> done.<https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm>
>
Will clarify that there are two suggested techniques possible and send 
out an updated version of the document.

-- 

*Mahesh Jethanandani*
*Technical Leader*
**ERBU*
*
mahesh@cisco.com <mailto:mahesh@cisco.com>
Phone :*+1 408 527-8230*
Fax :*+1 408 853-0762*

	

**
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95070
United States
www.cisco.com <http://www.cisco.com>

	

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    On 1/31/2011 8:50 AM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
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          I think these are good points and it's helpful to have a fresh
          set of<br>
          eyes on the document.&nbsp; On looking at that section again, I
          agree that it<br>
          isn't particularly clear that there are 2 different techniques
          that the<br>
          API supports.&nbsp; Since this should be possible to remedy with
          just a<br>
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            moz-do-not-send="true"
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    Will clarify that there are two suggested techniques possible and
    send out an updated version of the document.<br>
    <br>
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                      <p style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
                        font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal; color:
                        rgb(102, 102, 102);"><strong>Mahesh Jethanandani</strong><br>
                        <strong>Technical Leader</strong><br>
                        <strong><strong>ERBU</strong><br>
                        </strong><br>
                        <a style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"
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                        170 West Tasman Drive<br>
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                        United States<br>
                        <a style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"
                          href="http://www.cisco.com">www.cisco.com</a></p>
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From anil.agarwal@viasat.com  Mon Jan 31 12:01:24 2011
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From: "Agarwal, Anil" <Anil.Agarwal@viasat.com>
To: "Mahesh Jethanandani" <mahesh@cisco.com>, <tcpm@ietf.org>
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Mahesh, Wes et al,

Few more points -

I don't think an application-initiated close() will terminate a tcp =
connection in persist state. The RFCs don't mention it and most (all?)
implementations don't do it either.

I have a zombie tcp connection On Linux 2.4.20, in FIN_WAIT state,=20
which is sending TCP probes for the past 7 hours,
even though the application has been killed.
I suspended the receiving peer during a tcp transfer, so its tcp
is alive and merrily sending ACKs to tcp probes.
Same results with Linux 2.6.19. Checked the Linux source code too.

Section 7 explicitly refers to "close". The application probably needs
to do an "ABORT"; don't know if OSs support TCP ABORT operation on =
sockets from userland.

Also, it should be noted that application-initiated close will require =
changes to every application. I suspect most OS vendors will choose the =
second solution and implement a system-configurable timeout or retries =
value and have TCP abort the connection on its own.

Anil

________________________________________
From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of =
Mahesh Jethanandani
Sent: Monday, January 31, 2011 12:37 PM
To: tcpm@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist



On 1/31/2011 8:50 AM, Wesley Eddy wrote:=20



I think these are good points and it's helpful to have a fresh set of
eyes on the document.=A0 On looking at that section again, I agree that =
it
isn't particularly clear that there are 2 different techniques that the
API supports.=A0 Since this should be possible to remedy with just a
couple sentences, I think it should be done.
Will clarify that there are two suggested techniques possible and send =
out an updated version of the document.
--=20

Mahesh Jethanandani
Technical Leader
ERBU

mahesh@cisco.com
Phone :+1 408 527-8230
Fax :+1 408 853-0762

170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95070
United States
www.cisco.com
=A0



This e-mail may contain confidential and privileged material for the =
sole use of the intended recipient. Any review, use, distribution or =
disclosure by others is strictly prohibited. If you are not the intended =
recipient (or authorized to receive for the recipient), please contact =
the sender by reply e-mail and delete all copies of this message.






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From: "Anantha Ramaiah (ananth)" <ananth@cisco.com>
To: "Agarwal, Anil" <Anil.Agarwal@viasat.com>, "Mahesh Jethanandani (mahesh)" <mahesh@cisco.com>, <tcpm@ietf.org>
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> -----Original Message-----
> From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf
Of
> Agarwal, Anil
> Sent: Monday, January 31, 2011 12:04 PM
> To: Mahesh Jethanandani (mahesh); tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
>=20
> Mahesh, Wes et al,
>=20
> Few more points -
>=20
> I don't think an application-initiated close() will terminate a tcp
> connection in persist state. The RFCs don't mention it and most (all?)
> implementations don't do it either.
>=20
> I have a zombie tcp connection On Linux 2.4.20, in FIN_WAIT state,
> which is sending TCP probes for the past 7 hours,
> even though the application has been killed.
> I suspended the receiving peer during a tcp transfer, so its tcp
> is alive and merrily sending ACKs to tcp probes.
> Same results with Linux 2.6.19. Checked the Linux source code too.

This is the way the Linux implementation chose to behave. In particular,
if the system runs out of resources, Linux has the algorithm that
targets the orphaned sockets, it would abort these TCP connections stuck
in FINWAIT1/2 state. Pl take a look at tcp_out_of_resources() function
in tcp_timer.c.=20

-Anantha

<snip>

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Subject: [tcpm] agenda planning for Prague
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We've requested a meeting slot for the IETF 80 meeting in Prague:
http://www.ietf.org/meeting/80/index.html

As we're beginning to put the agenda together, please let David and I know =
if you'd like a presentation slot.  Precedence for time will be given for w=
orking group items over other items, and to things being discussed on the m=
ailing list or posted in I-Ds.

--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems



From johnwheffner@gmail.com  Mon Jan 31 15:01:45 2011
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References: <4D2FC53C.4030304@mti-systems.com> <4D463A1A.2090301@mti-systems.com>
Date: Mon, 31 Jan 2011 18:04:58 -0500
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From: John Heffner <johnwheffner@gmail.com>
To: Wesley Eddy <wes@mti-systems.com>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
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First, apologies for missing the last call deadline.  But I'd like for
the record to state that I don't believe the authors have addressed
the substantive criticisms raised on the list.  I'm also not sure that
consensus has been reached on this document, but that is for the
working group chairs to decide.

To summarize my position in a single phrase, closing a TCP connection
because it is in the persist state is a mistake.  And this document
describes a mechanism to do exactly that.  If the language in RFC1122
needs to be clarified, the clarification should be that a connection
may be aborted while in the persist state.  It should not be aborted
*because* it is in the persist state.

To be more specific, the majority of the doc describes a DoS attack by
resource exhaustion; however, the persist condition is only a small
subset of this class of resource exhaustion attacks.  Addressing only
connections in the persist state ignores the rest of the problem.  The
document does not address this very simple well-know attack:
<http://shlang.com/netkill/>.  This document also does not address
connections where, for example, one byte of window is opened every 60
seconds, and how they might be prioritized relative to connections in
the persist state.  Using the mechanism described in the document
leaves a system completely vulnerable to resource exhaustion by such a
slow-acking attacker.  As a developer, why would I choose to implement
this?  Unless these simple variations are addressed, I think it's a
waste of time.

Additionally, most implementations already provide an API for handling
closing of sockets in FIN_WAIT or CLOSING states, with the SO_LINGER
option.  I don't think this document makes a sufficient justification
for why this existing mechanism is inadequate, or why the proposed API
is necessary or sufficient.

Thanks,
  -John


On Sun, Jan 30, 2011 at 11:27 PM, Wesley Eddy <wes@mti-systems.com> wrote:
> On 1/13/2011 10:38 PM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
>>
>> Based on the discussion of section 7 (programming considerations), the
>> document on clarifying the persist condition has been updated by the
>> authors.
>>
>> The document can be found at:
>> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/
>>
>> We think this is ready for working group last call now, so with this
>> email, I'd like to start a two-week WGLC on the document to last until
>> 1/28. Please send your comments to the TCPM list by then.
>
>
> Since this last call has concluded, I'm planning to do the PROTO writeup =
and
> send up the document to the IESG late this week. =A0Since this document i=
s
> fairly short, includes relatively simple technical material, and was
> well-discussed earlier in its history, I wasn't concerned by the lack of
> WGLC feedback, but will note it in the writeup.
>
> If there's any disagreement on this, or someone wants more time to review=
,
> please shout in the next couple days, before I submit the document to the
> IESG for publication.
>
> --
> Wes Eddy
> MTI Systems
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>

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Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
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John,

I think you missed more than the last call deadline on the document :-)

If there was ever the intent of this document to define all possible 
solutions to resource exhaustion DoS attacks, it was dropped quite some 
time ago. For the last couple of drafts when it was adopted as WG 
document, the intent was only to clarify the language in RFC 1122. The 
example given in the document was to demonstrate how the attack could 
happen. It was not meant to encompass all possible attacks.

We agreed after numerous discussions that documenting and providing 
solutions to the resource exhaustion attacks that you refer to should be 
taken up in a separate document and is out of the scope of this document.

HTH.

On 1/31/11 3:04 PM, John Heffner wrote:
> First, apologies for missing the last call deadline.  But I'd like for
> the record to state that I don't believe the authors have addressed
> the substantive criticisms raised on the list.  I'm also not sure that
> consensus has been reached on this document, but that is for the
> working group chairs to decide.
>
> To summarize my position in a single phrase, closing a TCP connection
> because it is in the persist state is a mistake.  And this document
> describes a mechanism to do exactly that.  If the language in RFC1122
> needs to be clarified, the clarification should be that a connection
> may be aborted while in the persist state.  It should not be aborted
> *because* it is in the persist state.
>
> To be more specific, the majority of the doc describes a DoS attack by
> resource exhaustion; however, the persist condition is only a small
> subset of this class of resource exhaustion attacks.  Addressing only
> connections in the persist state ignores the rest of the problem.  The
> document does not address this very simple well-know attack:
> <http://shlang.com/netkill/>.  This document also does not address
> connections where, for example, one byte of window is opened every 60
> seconds, and how they might be prioritized relative to connections in
> the persist state.  Using the mechanism described in the document
> leaves a system completely vulnerable to resource exhaustion by such a
> slow-acking attacker.  As a developer, why would I choose to implement
> this?  Unless these simple variations are addressed, I think it's a
> waste of time.
>
> Additionally, most implementations already provide an API for handling
> closing of sockets in FIN_WAIT or CLOSING states, with the SO_LINGER
> option.  I don't think this document makes a sufficient justification
> for why this existing mechanism is inadequate, or why the proposed API
> is necessary or sufficient.
>
> Thanks,
>    -John
>
>
> On Sun, Jan 30, 2011 at 11:27 PM, Wesley Eddy<wes@mti-systems.com>  wrote:
>> On 1/13/2011 10:38 PM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
>>> Based on the discussion of section 7 (programming considerations), the
>>> document on clarifying the persist condition has been updated by the
>>> authors.
>>>
>>> The document can be found at:
>>> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/
>>>
>>> We think this is ready for working group last call now, so with this
>>> email, I'd like to start a two-week WGLC on the document to last until
>>> 1/28. Please send your comments to the TCPM list by then.
>>
>> Since this last call has concluded, I'm planning to do the PROTO writeup and
>> send up the document to the IESG late this week.  Since this document is
>> fairly short, includes relatively simple technical material, and was
>> well-discussed earlier in its history, I wasn't concerned by the lack of
>> WGLC feedback, but will note it in the writeup.
>>
>> If there's any disagreement on this, or someone wants more time to review,
>> please shout in the next couple days, before I submit the document to the
>> IESG for publication.
>>
>> --
>> Wes Eddy
>> MTI Systems
>> _______________________________________________
>> tcpm mailing list
>> tcpm@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
>>
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

-- 

*Mahesh Jethanandani*
*Technical Leader*
**ERBU*
*
mahesh@cisco.com <mailto:mahesh@cisco.com>
Phone :*+1 408 527-8230*
Fax :*+1 408 853-0762*

	

**
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA 95070
United States
www.cisco.com <http://www.cisco.com>

	

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--------------020806020707030802030003
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <meta content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
      http-equiv="Content-Type">
  </head>
  <body text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff">
    John,<br>
    <br>
    I think you missed more than the last call deadline on the document
    :-)<br>
    <br>
    If there was ever the intent of this document to define all possible
    solutions to resource exhaustion DoS attacks, it was dropped quite
    some time ago. For the last couple of drafts when it was adopted as
    WG document, the intent was only to clarify the language in RFC
    1122. The example given in the document was to demonstrate how the
    attack could happen. It was not meant to encompass all possible
    attacks.<br>
    <br>
    We agreed after numerous discussions that documenting and providing
    solutions to the resource exhaustion attacks that you refer to
    should be taken up in a separate document and is out of the scope of
    this document.<br>
    <br>
    HTH.<br>
    <br>
    On 1/31/11 3:04 PM, John Heffner wrote:
    <blockquote
      cite="mid:AANLkTim9oh=7u-k7Z2nnQ5txt0My8OPgzBfN4UZydUbQ@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <pre wrap="">First, apologies for missing the last call deadline.  But I'd like for
the record to state that I don't believe the authors have addressed
the substantive criticisms raised on the list.  I'm also not sure that
consensus has been reached on this document, but that is for the
working group chairs to decide.

To summarize my position in a single phrase, closing a TCP connection
because it is in the persist state is a mistake.  And this document
describes a mechanism to do exactly that.  If the language in RFC1122
needs to be clarified, the clarification should be that a connection
may be aborted while in the persist state.  It should not be aborted
*because* it is in the persist state.

To be more specific, the majority of the doc describes a DoS attack by
resource exhaustion; however, the persist condition is only a small
subset of this class of resource exhaustion attacks.  Addressing only
connections in the persist state ignores the rest of the problem.  The
document does not address this very simple well-know attack:
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://shlang.com/netkill/">&lt;http://shlang.com/netkill/&gt;</a>.  This document also does not address
connections where, for example, one byte of window is opened every 60
seconds, and how they might be prioritized relative to connections in
the persist state.  Using the mechanism described in the document
leaves a system completely vulnerable to resource exhaustion by such a
slow-acking attacker.  As a developer, why would I choose to implement
this?  Unless these simple variations are addressed, I think it's a
waste of time.

Additionally, most implementations already provide an API for handling
closing of sockets in FIN_WAIT or CLOSING states, with the SO_LINGER
option.  I don't think this document makes a sufficient justification
for why this existing mechanism is inadequate, or why the proposed API
is necessary or sufficient.

Thanks,
  -John


On Sun, Jan 30, 2011 at 11:27 PM, Wesley Eddy <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:wes@mti-systems.com">&lt;wes@mti-systems.com&gt;</a> wrote:
</pre>
      <blockquote type="cite">
        <pre wrap="">On 1/13/2011 10:38 PM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
</pre>
        <blockquote type="cite">
          <pre wrap="">
Based on the discussion of section 7 (programming considerations), the
document on clarifying the persist condition has been updated by the
authors.

The document can be found at:
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/</a>

We think this is ready for working group last call now, so with this
email, I'd like to start a two-week WGLC on the document to last until
1/28. Please send your comments to the TCPM list by then.
</pre>
        </blockquote>
        <pre wrap="">

Since this last call has concluded, I'm planning to do the PROTO writeup and
send up the document to the IESG late this week. &nbsp;Since this document is
fairly short, includes relatively simple technical material, and was
well-discussed earlier in its history, I wasn't concerned by the lack of
WGLC feedback, but will note it in the writeup.

If there's any disagreement on this, or someone wants more time to review,
please shout in the next couple days, before I submit the document to the
IESG for publication.

--
Wes Eddy
MTI Systems
_______________________________________________
tcpm mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:tcpm@ietf.org">tcpm@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm</a>

</pre>
      </blockquote>
      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
tcpm mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:tcpm@ietf.org">tcpm@ietf.org</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm</a>
</pre>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-signature">-- <br>
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                      <p style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;
                        font-size: 11px; font-weight: normal; color:
                        rgb(102, 102, 102);"><strong>Mahesh Jethanandani</strong><br>
                        <strong>Technical Leader</strong><br>
                        <strong><strong>ERBU</strong><br>
                        </strong><br>
                        <a style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"
                          href="mailto:mahesh@cisco.com">mahesh@cisco.com</a><br>
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                        170 West Tasman Drive<br>
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From ananth@cisco.com  Mon Jan 31 15:31:29 2011
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From: "Anantha Ramaiah (ananth)" <ananth@cisco.com>
To: "John Heffner" <johnwheffner@gmail.com>, "Wesley Eddy" <wes@mti-systems.com>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
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John,
    We have been through this in the past and the authors have clarified =
the reasons for some of the questions being posed by you and others. =
Here is yet another attempt. Pl see inline responses :-

> -----Original Message-----
> From: tcpm-bounces@ietf.org [mailto:tcpm-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf =
Of
> John Heffner
> Sent: Monday, January 31, 2011 3:05 PM
> To: Wesley Eddy
> Cc: tcpm@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
>=20
> First, apologies for missing the last call deadline.  But I'd like for
> the record to state that I don't believe the authors have addressed
> the substantive criticisms raised on the list.  I'm also not sure that
> consensus has been reached on this document, but that is for the
> working group chairs to decide.

Pl go read the emails threads on this list on this subject. The only =
issue, if I recall correctly was, the mention of a socket API in the =
document. Now, this is an informational document and the mention of the =
socket API is purely for illustrations only and thus doesn't mandate any =
new protocol changes. We have also noted very clearly that it is up to =
the implementation to chose whatever API it wants to.=20

>=20
> To summarize my position in a single phrase, closing a TCP connection
> because it is in the persist state is a mistake.  And this document

Nobody is advocating that. We are just clarifying that it is OK to close =
a connection at any time, persist state in no exception to this rule. =
These 2 are different things. What makes you carry an impression that we =
are asking implementations to close the connection stuck in persist =
state? We are simply clarifying the it is inline with RFC's spirits if =
the decision is made consciously.=20

> describes a mechanism to do exactly that.  If the language in RFC1122
> needs to be clarified, the clarification should be that a connection
> may be aborted while in the persist state.  It should not be aborted
> *because* it is in the persist state.

Where did you get the impression? this has been your stance since day =
one, I suggest this as a way to move forward. The authors have tried =
their best put the verbiage to clarify the intent. Now, you seem to be =
not convinced, it would be nicer if you can :-

- read the document and state which sections are not conformant.
- suggest a modified text.

It is a very short document and hence I guess this shouldn't be a big =
deal.

>=20
> To be more specific, the majority of the doc describes a DoS attack by
> resource exhaustion; however, the persist condition is only a small
> subset of this class of resource exhaustion attacks.  Addressing only
> connections in the persist state ignores the rest of the problem.  The
> document does not address this very simple well-know attack:
> <http://shlang.com/netkill/>.  This document also does not address
> connections where, for example, one byte of window is opened every 60
> seconds, and how they might be prioritized relative to connections in
> the persist state.  Using the mechanism described in the document
> leaves a system completely vulnerable to resource exhaustion by such a
> slow-acking attacker.  As a developer, why would I choose to implement
> this?  Unless these simple variations are addressed, I think it's a
> waste of time.

Well, we removed all the resource management stuff from the document =
since the WG wanted this document as a simple clarification document. I =
thought we added the case of one byte window being opened etc., and why =
addressing such a thing is beyond the scope of this document. I can =
check the document again...

>=20
> Additionally, most implementations already provide an API for handling
> closing of sockets in FIN_WAIT or CLOSING states, with the SO_LINGER
> option.  I don't think this document makes a sufficient justification
> for why this existing mechanism is inadequate, or why the proposed API
> is necessary or sufficient.

We explained this earlier. SO_LINGER applies only during connection =
close. Applications would like to know the reason for connection not =
making any progress which includes persist. Now, application is simply =
telling TCP layer that if the connection is in persist for more then a =
stipulated time, TCP can go ahead and kill the connection in the same =
manner like retransmit timeout. Now, I don't want the above statement to =
say that RTO and persist need to be treated the same way, we are just =
saying that "as long as application closes the connection or has =
indicated its willingness to close the connection" it can do so and it =
is in spirits of RFC 1122. =20

I am at loss to understand your concers on this very simple document. It =
would be nicer if you can point to the exact sections where this =
document is vague or isn't clear.

Side note :- now this is typical, someone is going to snip portions of =
my response and get hung up one statement (may be a language weakness or =
something that is not intended etc., ) hence I am urging folks to read =
the response in its entirety while responding and not pick (nitpick) on =
some text.

-Anantha

>=20
> Thanks,
>   -John
>=20
>=20
> On Sun, Jan 30, 2011 at 11:27 PM, Wesley Eddy <wes@mti-systems.com>
> wrote:
> > On 1/13/2011 10:38 PM, Wesley Eddy wrote:
> >>
> >> Based on the discussion of section 7 (programming considerations),
> the
> >> document on clarifying the persist condition has been updated by =
the
> >> authors.
> >>
> >> The document can be found at:
> >> https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-tcpm-persist/
> >>
> >> We think this is ready for working group last call now, so with =
this
> >> email, I'd like to start a two-week WGLC on the document to last
> until
> >> 1/28. Please send your comments to the TCPM list by then.
> >
> >
> > Since this last call has concluded, I'm planning to do the PROTO
> writeup and
> > send up the document to the IESG late this week. =A0Since this =
document
> is
> > fairly short, includes relatively simple technical material, and was
> > well-discussed earlier in its history, I wasn't concerned by the =
lack
> of
> > WGLC feedback, but will note it in the writeup.
> >
> > If there's any disagreement on this, or someone wants more time to
> review,
> > please shout in the next couple days, before I submit the document =
to
> the
> > IESG for publication.
> >
> > --
> > Wes Eddy
> > MTI Systems
> > _______________________________________________
> > tcpm mailing list
> > tcpm@ietf.org
> > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm
> >
> _______________________________________________
> tcpm mailing list
> tcpm@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/tcpm

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On 31/01/2011 08:04 p.m., John Heffner wrote:

> To be more specific, the majority of the doc describes a DoS attack by
> resource exhaustion; however, the persist condition is only a small
> subset of this class of resource exhaustion attacks.  Addressing only
> connections in the persist state ignores the rest of the problem.  The
> document does not address this very simple well-know attack:
> <http://shlang.com/netkill/>.  This document also does not address
> connections where, for example, one byte of window is opened every 60
> seconds, and how they might be prioritized relative to connections in
> the persist state.  Using the mechanism described in the document
> leaves a system completely vulnerable to resource exhaustion by such a
> slow-acking attacker.  As a developer, why would I choose to implement
> this?  Unless these simple variations are addressed, I think it's a
> waste of time.

+1

For the record, I raised the same issues a while ago.

FWIW, at the point in which resources are exhausted, the system needs to
perform heuristics as to which connections are achieving anything
useful, which one might make sense to terminate, etc. And to a large
extent it becomes irrelevant whether "TCP MAY/SHOULD/MUST NOT abort a
connection". -- It becomes a resource management problem, and the system
should do what is best to keep offering the best possible service.

A connection being in the "persist state" is just *one* of the
parameters that may be employed when performed the aforementioned
heuristics -- progress on the connection, amount of data successfully
transferred so far, etc., etc. are other valuable parameters.

Giving that these issues have been publicly discussed for quite a while
(e.g., they have been part of a disclosure carried about by CERT-FI as
part of the "Sockstress vulnerabilities"), one would expect attack tools
to implement the "open the window a little bit, once in a while"
(suggested by John Heffner, and also present in
draft-ietf-tcpm-tcp-security) and other variants, that would defeat this
"mitigation". -- FWIW, I was in the process of implementing this attack
vector a while ago (and will resume when I have the time).

Thanks,
-- 
Fernando Gont
e-mail: fernando@gont.com.ar || fgont@acm.org
PGP Fingerprint: 7809 84F5 322E 45C7 F1C9 3945 96EE A9EF D076 FFF1





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On Mon, Jan 31, 2011 at 6:34 PM, Mahesh Jethanandani <mahesh@cisco.com> wro=
te:
>
> John,
>
> I think you missed more than the last call deadline on the document :-)
>
> If there was ever the intent of this document to define all possible solu=
tions to resource exhaustion DoS attacks, it was dropped quite some time ag=
o. For the last couple of drafts when it was adopted as WG document, the in=
tent was only to clarify the language in RFC 1122. The example given in the=
 document was to demonstrate how the attack could happen. It was not meant =
to encompass all possible attacks.
>
> We agreed after numerous discussions that documenting and providing solut=
ions to the resource exhaustion attacks that you refer to should be taken u=
p in a separate document and is out of the scope of this document.


It should address the general problem, or not attack the problem at
all.  Addressing only a single special case in isolation does no real
good, and I would argue actually does harm.  As an operating system
developer, I cannot see any justification to spend time and resources
implementing the described changes.

I have no objection to a very simple, straightforward clarification to
the language in RFC1122, stating that connections MAY be ABORTed while
in the persist state.

I don't think it will be productive to re-hash all the old
conversations, as neither of us have changed our positions.  I'm just
re-stating my position for the record, as concisely as I can.  If
there is in fact working group consensus then let's move forward.

Thanks,
  -John

From mahesh@cisco.com  Mon Jan 31 15:49:28 2011
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
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On 1/31/11 3:49 PM, John Heffner wrote:
>
> I have no objection to a very simple, straightforward clarification to
> the language in RFC1122, stating that connections MAY be ABORTed while
> in the persist state.
That is why the informational draft with a title "Clarification of 
sender behavior in persist condition".

-- mj

From ananth@cisco.com  Mon Jan 31 17:44:54 2011
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From: "Anantha Ramaiah (ananth)" <ananth@cisco.com>
To: "Fernando Gont" <fernando@gont.com.ar>, "John Heffner" <johnwheffner@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [tcpm] WGLC on draft-ietf-tcpm-persist
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Fernando,

>=20
> +1
>=20
> For the record, I raised the same issues a while ago.
>=20
> FWIW, at the point in which resources are exhausted, the system needs
> to
> perform heuristics as to which connections are achieving anything
> useful, which one might make sense to terminate, etc. And to a large
> extent it becomes irrelevant whether "TCP MAY/SHOULD/MUST NOT abort a
> connection". -- It becomes a resource management problem, and the
> system
> should do what is best to keep offering the best possible service.
>=20
> A connection being in the "persist state" is just *one* of the
> parameters that may be employed when performed the aforementioned
> heuristics -- progress on the connection, amount of data successfully
> transferred so far, etc., etc. are other valuable parameters.
>=20
> Giving that these issues have been publicly discussed for quite a
while
> (e.g., they have been part of a disclosure carried about by CERT-FI as
> part of the "Sockstress vulnerabilities"), one would expect attack
> tools
> to implement the "open the window a little bit, once in a while"
> (suggested by John Heffner, and also present in
> draft-ietf-tcpm-tcp-security) and other variants, that would defeat
> this
> "mitigation". -- FWIW, I was in the process of implementing this
attack
> vector a while ago (and will resume when I have the time).

Well, the best way to address this is to write a separate document which
addresses these issues and proposes solutions to the same. This is
definitely beyond of the current document which is a simple
clarification. The API is part of the clarification.

-Anantha

