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On 6/28/12 4:01 AM, Julian Reschke wrote:
> On 2012-06-28 11:42, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>> Juha wrote:
>>
>>> But
>>> I hope that RFC2141bis will say at least that fragments are not part of
>>> the NSS but they can be used in those namespaces which specifically
>>> allow that.
>>
>> I'll second that RFC 2141bis says that fragment identifiers are
>> allowed in URNs but that they are not part of the NSS. Further, RFCs
>> for new namespaces must specify if they allow the use of fragment
>> identifiers or not but I guess that is something for RFC 3406bis.
> 
> No.
> 
> Namespace specifications define the namespace-specific part; nothing
> else. Fragment syntax and semantics are defined by RFC 3986.
> 
> A spec *can* point out that the URN does not identify something from
> which a payload + media type can be retrieved, in which fragment
> identifiers are not applicable. But that's different from disallowing them.

Julian, by "spec" here do you mean a specification for a particular
namespace identifier? (And would one result be that each NID spec would
need to specify whether URNs issued within that NID identify entities
from which a payload + media type can be retrieved?)

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/





From julian.reschke@gmx.de  Tue Jul  3 12:20:19 2012
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On 2012-07-03 21:14, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> On 6/28/12 4:01 AM, Julian Reschke wrote:
>> On 2012-06-28 11:42, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>>> Juha wrote:
>>>
>>>> But
>>>> I hope that RFC2141bis will say at least that fragments are not part of
>>>> the NSS but they can be used in those namespaces which specifically
>>>> allow that.
>>>
>>> I'll second that RFC 2141bis says that fragment identifiers are
>>> allowed in URNs but that they are not part of the NSS. Further, RFCs
>>> for new namespaces must specify if they allow the use of fragment
>>> identifiers or not but I guess that is something for RFC 3406bis.
>>
>> No.
>>
>> Namespace specifications define the namespace-specific part; nothing
>> else. Fragment syntax and semantics are defined by RFC 3986.
>>
>> A spec *can* point out that the URN does not identify something from
>> which a payload + media type can be retrieved, in which fragment
>> identifiers are not applicable. But that's different from disallowing them.
>
> Julian, by "spec" here do you mean a specification for a particular
> namespace identifier? ...

Yes

> ...(And would one result be that each NID spec would
> need to specify whether URNs issued within that NID identify entities
> from which a payload + media type can be retrieved?)

I'd prefer those specification to be simply silent on the issue, or 
alternatively that the URN spec contains a clarification the NID 
specifications can simply reference.

Best regards, Julian



From stpeter@stpeter.im  Tue Jul  3 12:25:54 2012
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On 7/3/12 1:20 PM, Julian Reschke wrote:
> On 2012-07-03 21:14, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>> On 6/28/12 4:01 AM, Julian Reschke wrote:
>>> On 2012-06-28 11:42, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>>>> Juha wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> But
>>>>> I hope that RFC2141bis will say at least that fragments are not
>>>>> part of
>>>>> the NSS but they can be used in those namespaces which specifically
>>>>> allow that.
>>>>
>>>> I'll second that RFC 2141bis says that fragment identifiers are
>>>> allowed in URNs but that they are not part of the NSS. Further, RFCs
>>>> for new namespaces must specify if they allow the use of fragment
>>>> identifiers or not but I guess that is something for RFC 3406bis.
>>>
>>> No.
>>>
>>> Namespace specifications define the namespace-specific part; nothing
>>> else. Fragment syntax and semantics are defined by RFC 3986.
>>>
>>> A spec *can* point out that the URN does not identify something from
>>> which a payload + media type can be retrieved, in which fragment
>>> identifiers are not applicable. But that's different from disallowing
>>> them.
>>
>> Julian, by "spec" here do you mean a specification for a particular
>> namespace identifier? ...
> 
> Yes
> 
>> ...(And would one result be that each NID spec would
>> need to specify whether URNs issued within that NID identify entities
>> from which a payload + media type can be retrieved?)
> 
> I'd prefer those specification to be simply silent on the issue, or
> alternatively that the URN spec contains a clarification the NID
> specifications can simply reference.

And what do you think that clarification would say? Perhaps something
like "unless a particular URN namespace explicitly specifies otherwise,
applications ought to assume that no payload or media type can be
retrieved from the entity associated with a URN"?

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/





From stpeter@stpeter.im  Tue Jul  3 12:39:36 2012
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On 6/27/12 5:17 PM, SM wrote:

> In Section 1.1:
> 
>   "Since this RFC will be of particular interest for groups and
>    individuals that are interested in persistent identifiers in general
>    and not in continuous contact with the IETF and the RFC series, this
>    section gives a brief outline of the evolution of the matter over
>    time.  Appendix E gives hints on how to obtain RFCs and related
>    information."
> 
> This is unnecessary.  if a person cannot find RFC XXXX, it's unlikely
> that the person would find this document.
> 
>   "Registration procedures for URI Schemes originally had been laid down
>    in RFC 2717 [RFC2717] and guidelines for the related specification
>    documents were given in RFC 2718 [RFC2718].  These documents have
>    been obsoleted and consolidated into BCP 35, RFC 4395 [RFC4395], which
>    is based on, and aligned with, RFC 3986."
> 
> The history of the registration procedures is not as important.  I
> suggest moving it into an appendix if the author wants to keep that
> information.  I found the text informative but most readers won't share
> that view.

At the least, I agree that moving this information to an appendix would
be better. I question whether it really belongs in this document at all.

> In Section 1.2:
> 
>   "This section aims at quoting requirements as identified in the past;
>    it does not attempt to revise or redefine these requirements, but it
>    gives some hints where more than a decade of experience with URNs has
>    shed a different light on past views.  The citations below are given
>    here to make this document self-contained and avoid normative down-
>    references to old work."
> 
> Such information might only be informative for a small subset of IETF
> participants.  People reading a document about URN syntax might find it
> confusing.  This this is a stylistic nit.  I suggest targeting the
> average reader.  Describe the properties of URNs and move the historical
> information to an appendix if the author would like to keep that.

I think Section 1.2 is positively misleading. Just say "High level
requirements for URNs can be found in RFC 1738."

> In Section 1.3:
> 
>   "RFC 2141 does not seamlessly match current Internet Standards.  The
>    primary objective of this document is the alignment with the URI
>    standard [RFC3986] and URI Scheme guidelines [RFC4395], the ABNF
>    standard [RFC5234] and the current IANA Guidelines [RFC5226] in
>    general.
> 
> The objective should be in the Introduction Section.  Move the
> Historical information to the section about history.
> 
>   "For advancing the URN specification on the Internet Standards-Track,
>    it needs to be based on documents of comparable maturity.  Therefore,
>    to further advancements of the formal maturity level of this RFC, it
>    deliberately makes normative references only to documents at Full
>    Standard or Best Current Practice level."
> 
> This above is not that useful in the context of this document.

Agreed.

I think all of Section 1 can be condensed into a few paragraphs instead
of multiple pages, and that (as SM noted) the entire document could
benefit from significant editing to remove unnecessary text.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/





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On 2012-07-03 21:26, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> On 7/3/12 1:20 PM, Julian Reschke wrote:
>> On 2012-07-03 21:14, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>>> On 6/28/12 4:01 AM, Julian Reschke wrote:
>>>> On 2012-06-28 11:42, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>>>>> Juha wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>>> But
>>>>>> I hope that RFC2141bis will say at least that fragments are not
>>>>>> part of
>>>>>> the NSS but they can be used in those namespaces which specifically
>>>>>> allow that.
>>>>>
>>>>> I'll second that RFC 2141bis says that fragment identifiers are
>>>>> allowed in URNs but that they are not part of the NSS. Further, RFCs
>>>>> for new namespaces must specify if they allow the use of fragment
>>>>> identifiers or not but I guess that is something for RFC 3406bis.
>>>>
>>>> No.
>>>>
>>>> Namespace specifications define the namespace-specific part; nothing
>>>> else. Fragment syntax and semantics are defined by RFC 3986.
>>>>
>>>> A spec *can* point out that the URN does not identify something from
>>>> which a payload + media type can be retrieved, in which fragment
>>>> identifiers are not applicable. But that's different from disallowing
>>>> them.
>>>
>>> Julian, by "spec" here do you mean a specification for a particular
>>> namespace identifier? ...
>>
>> Yes
>>
>>> ...(And would one result be that each NID spec would
>>> need to specify whether URNs issued within that NID identify entities
>>> from which a payload + media type can be retrieved?)
>>
>> I'd prefer those specification to be simply silent on the issue, or
>> alternatively that the URN spec contains a clarification the NID
>> specifications can simply reference.
>
> And what do you think that clarification would say? Perhaps something
> like "unless a particular URN namespace explicitly specifies otherwise,
> applications ought to assume that no payload or media type can be
> retrieved from the entity associated with a URN"?

"URNs in general can not be used to retrieve a payload with an 
associated media type, thus URI fragment identifiers can not be used. 
However, they can become resolvable, in which case fragment identifiers 
will behave exactly the same way as for any other URL."

Or something like that...



From stpeter@stpeter.im  Tue Jul  3 12:43:22 2012
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I have mentioned this in the past, and I'll mention it again: I think
the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original documents,
with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,
draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:

A. Hoenes, Ed.
R. Moats

Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/




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+1

mca
http://amundsen.com/blog/
http://twitter.com@mamund
http://mamund.com/foaf.rdf#me




On Tue, Jul 3, 2012 at 3:43 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>wrote:

> I have mentioned this in the past, and I'll mention it again: I think
> the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original documents,
> with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,
> draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:
>
> A. Hoenes, Ed.
> R. Moats
>
> Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.
>
> Peter
>
> --
> Peter Saint-Andre
> https://stpeter.im/
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn
>

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+1<div><br clear=3D"all">mca<br><a href=3D"http://amundsen.com/blog/" targe=
t=3D"_blank">http://amundsen.com/blog/</a><br><a href=3D"http://twitter.com=
" target=3D"_blank">http://twitter.com</a>@mamund<br><a href=3D"http://mamu=
nd.com/foaf.rdf#me" target=3D"_blank">http://mamund.com/foaf.rdf#me</a><br>
<br><br>
<br><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Tue, Jul 3, 2012 at 3:43 PM, Peter Sa=
int-Andre <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:stpeter@stpeter.im" targe=
t=3D"_blank">stpeter@stpeter.im</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=
=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padd=
ing-left:1ex">
I have mentioned this in the past, and I&#39;ll mention it again: I think<b=
r>
the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original documents,<br=
>
with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,<br>
draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:<br>
<br>
A. Hoenes, Ed.<br>
R. Moats<br>
<br>
Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.<br>
<span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888"><br>
Peter<br>
<br>
--<br>
Peter Saint-Andre<br>
<a href=3D"https://stpeter.im/" target=3D"_blank">https://stpeter.im/</a><b=
r>
<br>
<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
urn mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:urn@ietf.org">urn@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn" target=3D"_blank">htt=
ps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn</a><br>
</font></span></blockquote></div><br></div>

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From stpeter@stpeter.im  Tue Jul  3 13:03:34 2012
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On 6/27/12 5:17 PM, SM wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> This comments are on draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc3406bis-urn-ns-reg-02.  The
> Abstract Section is too long.  The draft is about procedures to register
> a URN namespace.
> 
> In the Introduction Section:
> 
>   "URNs are part of the larger Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) family
>    (see the joint W3C/IETF memorandum, RFC 3305 [RFC3305], and the IETF
>    STD 66, RFC 3986 [RFC3986]) with the specific goal of providing
>    persistent naming of resources."
> 
> The first line is useful; the rest is unnecessary information.

Good edit.

>   "To actually leverage the potential synergetic advantage of this
>    unification"
> 
> This is not a document about pharmaceuticals. :-)

Yes, that's some kind of marketing-speak.

>   'The purpose of this document is to outline a mechanism and provide a
>    template for explicit URN Namespace definition, as well as provide
>    the mechanism for associating an identifier (called a "Namespace ID",
>    or NID), which is registered with the Internet Assigned Numbers
>    Authority (IANA) [IANA] in the URN Namespaces registry maintained at
>    [IANA-URN].'
> 
> Could this text be made shorter?

Sure it could: "This document defines procedures for registering URN
Namepace Identifiers (NIDs) with IANA."

>   "The URN Namespace definition and registration mechanisms originally
>    have been specified in RFC 2611 [RFC2611], which has been obsoleted
>    by BCP 66, RFC 3406 [RFC3406].  Guidelines for documents prescribing
>    IANA procedures have been revised as well over the years, and at the
>    time of this writing, BCP 26, RFC 5226 [RFC5226] is the normative
>    document.  This document is a revision of RFC 3406 based on the
>    revised URN Syntax specification RFC 2141bis
>    [I-D.ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn] and RFC 5226."
> 
> There is ample historical information.  Is it necessary in the
> introduction?

I don't think so.

> The discussion about URN namespace (Section 2) should be moved to
> draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-02.

That seems sensible.

> In Section 3.1:
> 
>   "No provision is made for avoiding collision of experimental NIDs;
>    they are intended for use within internal or limited experimental
>    contexts.  However, as described below in Section 4.1, these are
>    designated by a specific form of the NID to allow differentiation
>    (without preexisting knowledge of details) from the other URN
>    Namespace types."
> 
> This could be formulated as guidance about when NIDs should be
> registered.  Given the discussion about X- for other protocols, it's
> better to also drop it here.

I think it would be helpful to register the 'example' NID
(urn:example:*) and deprecate the experimental NIDs. I'd be happy to
write an I-D registering the NID.

> In Section 4:
> 
>   "The IANA Considerations Guidelines document (BCP 26 [RFC5226])
>    suggests the need to specify update mechanisms for registrations --
>    who is given the authority to do so, from time to time, and what are
>    the processes."
> 
> Why is this text needed in this draft?

I doubt it.

>   "The official list of registered URN Namespaces is currently
>    maintained by IANA at [IANA-URN]."
> 
> The "who" is not important.  What is important is to point the reader to
> the location of the list of URN Namespaces.

Sure.

> In Section 4.3:
> 
>   "The designated expert(s) for URN Namespace registrations are
>    nominated by the IESG, and their role adheres to the regulations
>    in BCP 26, unless specified otherwise below."
> 
> BCPs are not about regulations.  I suggest using the term "guidelines".

Good point.

>   'Applicants, in concert with the IANA experts, should ensure that
>    the sought NID strings are "proper" for the designated purpose,
>    according to common sense (and applicable legal rules).'
> 
> Who are the IANA experts?

Perhaps the author meant the designated experts.

>   '"IETF Review" (per [RFC5226]) means that the Formal NID application
>    is made via submission to the IETF of an Internet-Draft that contains
>    the Namespace definition and targets publication as an RFC of
>    Informational or Standards-Track category, which needs to be approved
>    by the IESG after performing an IETF Last Call on the document and
>    evaluating review comments.  The applicant can be an individual or an
>    IETF working group, in alignment with the designation of the
>    Internet-Draft.  The actual choice should be properly considered by
>    applicants, but it is RECOMMENDED that the registration documents for
>    NIDs belonging to an established standard namespace aim at Standards-
>    Track, whereas other applications aim at Informational RFC.'
> 
> There is a reference to RFC 5226 in this draft.  The reader interested
> in the details of "IETF Review" can find the information in that RFC.  I
> don't think that it is a good idea to explain about IETF process in this
> draft.

Agreed.

> In Section 4.4.3:
> 
>   'According to the general procurements for RFCs, URN Namespace
>    definition documents must include a "Security Considerations" section
>    (cf. BCP 72 [RFC3552]).  That section has to identify the security
>    considerations specific to the subject URN Namespace.'
> 
> The above should be trimmed.  Provide the reader with actionable
> information so that the person knows what security issues to look out for.
> 
> Why is Section 4.4.4 needed?  This should be more about how to devise an
> appropriate registration request.  This section seems like registration
> guidelines.

Yeah, there's a lot of step-by-step information here. I'm not sure how
useful it is. I'd prefer to tell people the general rules and then
recommend that they look at some of the recent registration documents.

> In Section 6:
> 
>   "Until recently, that registry has been available in HTML, XML, and
>    plain text from the generic web page at
>    <http://www.iana.org/assignments/urn-namespaces/> [IANA-URN]"
> 
> Why is it important to tell IANA that the registry is available in three
> formats?

It isn't.

> Appendix A is informative for the registrant.  I suggest separating the
> template and the "how to fill" information.
> 
> AppendiX B reminds me of another RFC where the WG replicated information
> about procedures to help future authors.  The draft should be about the
> registration steps in practice instead of a "formal" section and the
> actual steps.

Agreed.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/





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Hi Peter,
At 12:43 03-07-2012, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
>I have mentioned this in the past, and I'll mention it again: I think
>the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original documents,
>with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,
>draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:
>
>A. Hoenes, Ed.
>R. Moats
>
>Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.

I don't like not listing previous authors as they deserve credit for 
most of the work.  There is an acknowledgement in 
draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-02.  One of the questions which 
would have to be answered is how to get sign-off during AUTH48 (I am 
aware of the exception clause).

I suggest contacting the previous authors instead of adding their 
names.  There was an issue (unrelated to URN) when an author was 
listed without his approval.

Regards,
-sm

P.S. The unrelated question is about providing the motivation to get work done. 


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I agree.    Regards,   Martin.

On 2012/07/04 4:43, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> I have mentioned this in the past, and I'll mention it again: I think
> the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original documents,
> with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,
> draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:
>
> A. Hoenes, Ed.
> R. Moats
>
> Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.
>
> Peter
>

From juha.hakala@helsinki.fi  Tue Jul  3 22:00:46 2012
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Hello

+1, except that "editor" gives a wrong idea of Alfred Hoenes' role, his 
contribution is more important than that. Much of what was there in 
RFC2141 has been deleted or significantly modifed, and the document has 
been extended a lot. I recommend

A. Hoenes
R. Moats

We must ask Ryan Moats if he still wants to be listed as an author.  He 
might not approve some of the new things that have been incorporated in 
the rfc2141bis.

I will contact Hartmut Walravens (the second author of rfc3187) and ask 
if he wants to be listed as one of the authors of rfc3187bis.

Best regards,

Juha

On 3.7.2012 22:46, mike amundsen wrote:
> +1
>
> mca
> http://amundsen.com/blog/
> http://twitter.com@mamund
> http://mamund.com/foaf.rdf#me
>
>
>
>
> On Tue, Jul 3, 2012 at 3:43 PM, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im
> <mailto:stpeter@stpeter.im>> wrote:
>
>     I have mentioned this in the past, and I'll mention it again: I think
>     the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original documents,
>     with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,
>     draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:
>
>     A. Hoenes, Ed.
>     R. Moats
>
>     Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.
>
>     Peter
>
>     --
>     Peter Saint-Andre
>     https://stpeter.im/
>
>
>
>     _______________________________________________
>     urn mailing list
>     urn@ietf.org <mailto:urn@ietf.org>
>     https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn
>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn

-- 

  Juha Hakala
  Senior advisor, standardisation and IT

  The National Library of Finland
  P.O.Box 15 (Unioninkatu 36, room 503), FIN-00014 Helsinki University
  Email juha.hakala@helsinki.fi, tel +358 50 382 7678

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> I have mentioned this in the past, and I'll mention it again: I think
> the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original documents,
> with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,
> draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:
>
> A. Hoenes, Ed.
> R. Moats
>
> Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.

Well, yes and no -- it's not that simple.

First, I agree that the complete removal of the name of someone who
contributed substantially to a document in any phase of its life
(including a prior edition) would, indeed, be disrespectful... and
unethical.

But:

1. 2141bis (for example) is a product of the urnbis working group, and
the chairs have complete control over who is listed at the top of the
document.  They can remove someone's name for any defensible reason
(subject, of course, to appeal), including that the person is no
longer participating in the document's development.

2. Everyone who appears at the top of the document has to be reachable
and responsive during AUTH48.  An AD can override that, but we prefer
to avoid that and to list only those who we *do* expect to handle the
AUTH48 process promptly.

3. An "Authors" section can and should be added to recognize the
contributions of those who are or were authors of some version of the
document, but who are no longer listed at the top.  This is where we
can give due respect to a former author who is no longer active.

Of course, as Juha says, it would be reasonable to ask the authors of
prior versions how they would like to be recognized (and, I'll add,
whether they will be available to review the final version and sign
off during AUTH48).  That can certainly be input to the chairs'
decision.  And anyway, if contacting a former author might bring more
experienced eyes on the document and get more reviews and input,
that's a good thing.  If we specifically think a former author will
disapprove of where we've gone, that is NOT a reason to exclude him...
in fact, it's that much more of a reason to get the input for
consideration.

Also, in this case, we have the odd situation that one of the chairs
is far more active as a document editor than is usual, leaving it
solely to the other chair to make these decisions.

Barry

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Hi Barry,

[Cc to ietf@ as the question is pertinent to other working groups too]

At 06:47 04-07-2012, Barry Leiba wrote:
>Well, yes and no -- it's not that simple.

Agreed.

>First, I agree that the complete removal of the name of someone who
>contributed substantially to a document in any phase of its life
>(including a prior edition) would, indeed, be disrespectful... and
>unethical.

There was a message from Fred Baker on December 12, 2011 to ietf@ 
about a similar question:

  "Checking the acknowledgements, you'll see that I listed Warren and his
   professor as co-authors, although to be honest they at most made a few
   comments on the actual paper. Why? It is a variation on his original idea,
   and I'm giving him full credit for the idea. Tim and his student get
   mentioned as making a suggestion, because they did some work and it was a
   good suggestion. Others are listed as commenting, because they did."

We could diff a -bis document to determine whether the change is 
substantial or not.  That's more of a measure than an assessment of 
an idea.  Long-standing authors tend to "give credit where credit is 
due" whereas new authors tend to look at it in terms of lines of text provided.

>But:
>
>1. 2141bis (for example) is a product of the urnbis working group, and
>the chairs have complete control over who is listed at the top of the
>document.  They can remove someone's name for any defensible reason
>(subject, of course, to appeal), including that the person is no
>longer participating in the document's development.

There is a subtlety here.  The chairs have complete control on the 
selection of the document editor.  The document editor has editorial 
discretion.  I'll argue that the individual also has a say in keeping 
the name of the author of the previous version of the document.

>2. Everyone who appears at the top of the document has to be reachable
>and responsive during AUTH48.  An AD can override that, but we prefer
>to avoid that and to list only those who we *do* expect to handle the
>AUTH48 process promptly.

Yes.

>3. An "Authors" section can and should be added to recognize the
>contributions of those who are or were authors of some version of the
>document, but who are no longer listed at the top.  This is where we
>can give due respect to a former author who is no longer active.

You may have meant "Contributors" here.  There are RFC Editor 
guidelines about that ( http://www.rfc-editor.org/policy.html ).

>Of course, as Juha says, it would be reasonable to ask the authors of
>prior versions how they would like to be recognized (and, I'll add,
>whether they will be available to review the final version and sign
>off during AUTH48).  That can certainly be input to the chairs'
>decision.  And anyway, if contacting a former author might bring more
>experienced eyes on the document and get more reviews and input,
>that's a good thing.  If we specifically think a former author will
>disapprove of where we've gone, that is NOT a reason to exclude him...
>in fact, it's that much more of a reason to get the input for
>consideration.

The IETF has formal processes for listed authors due to IPR.  Given 
that I will not be provided any assistance when things go wrong, I 
prefer to follow the cautious path where I only add a person's name 
with their agreement.  There was a case where a listed author asked 
to have his name removed as author.  This may come as a surprise to 
some participants; some people prefer not to have their name attached 
to a bad idea as they consider that as more important than having a 
name on a RFC.

It's up to each and anyone to see whether it is worthwhile to make 
that good faith effort to contact the former author and have them 
involved in the work to update a specification.  It's better to do 
that early instead of having a "fait accompli" where the former 
author is not given much latitude to disapprove.

It is up to the author to assess whether getting more review and 
input is important.  Having a working group does not mean that the 
work will get adequate review.  Soliciting comments does not 
necessarily make it happen.  If everyone is listed as author, the 
question that comes to mind is who is going to review the work.

Regards,
-sm 


From A.Hoenes@TR-Sys.de  Wed Jul  4 11:21:31 2012
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In-Reply-To: <CAC4RtVBB=uPxnXB_0eFJUfxGTfBeewX+-Sud+fVjD40w9c=3nw@mail.gmail.com> from Barry Leiba at Jul "4, " 2012 "09:47:37" am
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Barry,
speaking as the acting editor of multiple URNbis WG documents,
I fully share your point of view.

The IETF is not academia where formal authorship is sought for
visibility, to increase publication counts, even if the actual
contribution to the work leading to a publication is more at
the spiritual level than at the actual craftmanship in preparing
the document on behalf of a working group.  In the IETF, authors
grant the IETF the right to prepare any kind of derivative work
(and they have always done so); of course, previous work needs
to be fully acknowledged, and that's what the (mandatory)
Acknowledgements and (optional) Contributors sections in RFCs
are for.

This all is backed by the RFC Editor's
"Instructions for Request for Comments (RFC) Authors"
(instructions2authors.txt, aka draft-rfc-editor-rfc2223bis-08.txt),
which say:

* in Section 2 (1st para):

|                                                   [...]  RFC authors
|  should obtain the latest RFC editorial policy statements from the RFC
|  Editor web page [RFCed].

where the Normative Reference is:

   [RFCed]   RFC Editor web page, "http://www.rfc-editor.org".

* in Section 2.12, "Authors Listed on RFC":

|     The IESG and IETF have ratified a policy of limiting the number of
|     authors listed in the first page header of an RFC.  The specific
|     policy is as follows:
|
|     (1)  A small set of author names, with affiliations, may appear on
|          the front page header.  These should be the lead author(s)
|          who are most responsible for the actual text.  When there are
|          many contributors, the best choice will be to list the person
|          or (few) persons who acted as document editor(s) (e.g.,"Tom
|          Smith, Editor").
|
|          There is no rigid limit on the size of this set, but there is
|          likely to be a discussion if the set exceeds five authors, in
|          which case the right answer is probably to list one editor.
|
|          The RFC Editor will hold all the people listed on the front
|          page equally responsible for the final form and content of
|          the published RFC.  In particular, the "Author's 48 Hours"
|          final approval period will require signoff from all listed
|          authors.
|
|     (2)  An RFC may include a Contributors section, listing those
|          contributors who deserve significant credit for the document
|          contents.  The Contributors section is intended to provide a
|          level of recognition greater than an acknowledgment and
|          nearly equal to listing on the front page.  The choice of
|          either, both, or none of Contributor and Acknowledgment
|          sections in a particular RFC depends upon the circumstance.
|
|     (3)  The body of an RFC may include an Acknowledgements section,
|          in addition to or instead of a Contributors section.  An
|          Acknowledgments section may be lengthy, and it may explain
|          scope and nature of contributions.  It may also specify
|          affiliations.
|
|          [...]


Barry,
I assume that in item 3 below you intended to refer to the
"Acknowledgements" or "Contributors" section as described above.


All versions of both the rfc2141bis and the rfc3406bis I-Ds
contained explicit verbiage to acknowledge previous authors and
contributors, in accordance with these instructions.

The primary target should be a smooth process when during IESG
review and RFC Editor AUTH48 stage authors are required to be
responsive.  After the discussion on the list around IETF in Paris,
I've considered adding Leslie Daigle to the authors list of the
3406bis I-D, hoping for her to agree to participate in the process
-- just as you say in item 3 below.

I have observed working groups with strict policy that only actual
"working" authors can be listed on the front page of their documents;
OTOH, in some cases I have seen documents stuck for years since
it had been decided to keep authors of previous work on the authors
list while they did not interact with the process.
I also recall a case where an I-D has been stuck in AUTH48 for more
than a year because an author was irresponsive, and the IESG or the
responsible AD were very hesitant to declare an overriding exception.

The individual drafts for rfc2141bis, rfc3187bis and rfc3188bis
were in extended existence before the installation of the WG,
and these have been adopted as a WG draft by the WG charter.
Therefore, the present WG drafts all have simply followed the same
author list policy as these I-Ds.
If the WG now prefers to list previous authors in a "Contributors"
section, then of course I have no problem with accommodating that
in the upcoming next draft revisions.

Kind regards,
  Alfred.




Barry Leiba wrote:

[[ PSA said: ]]
>> I have mentioned this in the past, and I'll mention it again: I
>> think the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original
>> documents, with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,
>> draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:
>>
>> A. Hoenes, Ed.
>> R. Moats
>>
>> Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.
>
> Well, yes and no -- it's not that simple.
>
> First, I agree that the complete removal of the name of someone who
> contributed substantially to a document in any phase of its life
> (including a prior edition) would, indeed, be disrespectful... and
> unethical.
>
> But:
>
> 1. 2141bis (for example) is a product of the urnbis working group, and
> the chairs have complete control over who is listed at the top of the
> document.  They can remove someone's name for any defensible reason
> (subject, of course, to appeal), including that the person is no
> longer participating in the document's development.
>
> 2. Everyone who appears at the top of the document has to be reachable
> and responsive during AUTH48.  An AD can override that, but we prefer
> to avoid that and to list only those who we *do* expect to handle the
> AUTH48 process promptly.
>
> 3. An "Authors" section can and should be added to recognize the
> contributions of those who are or were authors of some version of the
> document, but who are no longer listed at the top.  This is where we
> can give due respect to a former author who is no longer active.
>
> Of course, as Juha says, it would be reasonable to ask the authors of
> prior versions how they would like to be recognized (and, I'll add,
> whether they will be available to review the final version and sign
> off during AUTH48).  That can certainly be input to the chairs'
> decision.  And anyway, if contacting a former author might bring more
> experienced eyes on the document and get more reviews and input,
> that's a good thing.  If we specifically think a former author will
> disapprove of where we've gone, that is NOT a reason to exclude him...
> in fact, it's that much more of a reason to get the input for
> consideration.
>
> Also, in this case, we have the odd situation that one of the chairs
> is far more active as a document editor than is usual, leaving it
> solely to the other chair to make these decisions.
>
> Barry
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


From A.Hoenes@TR-Sys.de  Thu Jul  5 02:27:39 2012
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URN folks,

thanks to all for reviving the discussion on the rfx2141bis and
rfc3406bis I-Ds.  As the editor of both drafts, I try to sum up
below and provide a perspective for a way forward; I'll respond
individually in more detail ASAP (see endnote).


** general **

Unfortunately, stakeholders of URN Namespaces for various reasons
seem to feel discouraged to participate in the on-list discussion,
which now has been majorized by few long-time "IETF professional"
contributors.  Part of the frustration I observe also seems to be
based on the lack of constructive proposals on the list so far,
as replacement solutions for the options being voted against.

We should not forget that the prime target audience of these URN
core documents is the rather divers family of (present and)
prospective stakeholders of URN Namespaces, which frequently
have not been in contact with the IETF, but possibly with other
persistent ID schemes, _or_ which are working within the IETF,
but with a focus on a particular technology and mostly unaware
of relevant work for URNs.
Hence, the goal of the "core URN documents" should be to give
concise guidance to _that_ audience, in order to help avoid to
have to explain the same context again and again individually
(as I have done in the past couple of years).
This IMO needs to include a bit of a "marketing" effort for the
URN framework against other, concurring identifier systems.
Recently, being able to point prospective applicants of
new URN Namespaces (from inside and outside of the IETF) to
the material in the present Introductions of the rfc2141bis
and rfc3406bis drafts has been very helpful in giving guidance
on technical/document/historical context; such material is
sought by prospective stakeholders in the core documents.


** towards a way forward **

We face several general kinds of problems to deal with.
One stems from the chartered restriction to not revise the
"strategical" RFCs laying the foundation of URNs and to presently
obstain from work on services/methods and details of URN resolution
and URN services.  There seems to be consensus that some parts of
these RFCs are outdated by more than a decade of experience with
URNs.  Since we aim our work towards bringing our documents
forward on the Standards Track, we cannot make Normative
references to past, Informational RFCs.  So, as elaborated upon
in the URNbis chartering discussion, we need to incorporate
selected text from, e.g. RFC 1737, verbatim in order to remind
the readers (including prospective stakeholders of URN Namespaces)
of what we now deem still particularly valid and important for URNs.
Likewise, experience shows that we need to provide a more precise
framework for the establishment of URN services for URN Namespaces,
in order to further a uniform style -- to the benefit of generic
URN handling applications.

Unlike for other URIs, URNs in general are dedicated to be media-
and technology-independent, as almost necessitated by the target
of long-term, global scope, uniqueness, and persistence (RFC 1737,
Section 2).
Since there are various services applicable to URNs, resolution
of a URN does not have the same media orientation properties like
it is common in a HTTP/HTML context. The objects/resources named
by URNs might be structured, complex, and inter-related with the
details perhaps evolving over time, whereas the abstract object
and its naming (as done by the assignement of {NID}:{NSS}) needs
to be stable.

Our effort has been driven by a major class of mass URN "customers",
the bibliographic community.  That community has identified the
urgent need to identify in a uniform way, in the URN resolution
process, object/resource components and/or related resources.
The description in the first paragraph of Section 3.5 in RFC 3986
has lead to a URN service/resolution implementation attempt based
on the usage of fragment identifiers, and that has been reflected
in the rfc2141bis draft since its beginning as an individual I-D.

In the meantime, it has become clear that the subsequent text
in Section 3.5 of RFC 3986 is incompatible with the goals, since
it calls for URI users to strip the fragment identifier component
before forwarding a URI reference for resolution, and to apply
the fragment identifier, in a media-type dependent manner, to the
returned content.  In the bibliographic context, components might
be archived in different media items over time to maintain their
accessability, and they might be subject to diverse distribution
restrictions; so in general, it will be impossible or impractical
to return an all-encompassing response and allow the client to
select the required part.  An additional restriction of the use
of fragment identifiers is that, in practice, media types and/or
common browsers do not support to "pick a component" from the
returned resource, but represent the whole resource, pointing to
a particular spot therein, such maintain the user perception of
a "fragment identifier" essentially being used as a pointer to
a particular point in the returned media, not a particular part
of the resource.  The IETF has recently put emphasis on this
particular, strict media-type dependence of the fragment part
of URIs, and we need to accomodate that and established practice
in browsers.

In order to avoid recurrence of this issue, explaining text on
fragment use with URNs IMO needs to be present in rfc2141bis,
_and_ we need to provide a uniform working scheme for the
identified requirements.


** the proposal **

Study of RFCs and off-list conversations with folks from the
bibliographic community has lead to a model how these goals could
be achieved by a common-style usage of the <query> URI part,
and I want to present this to the WG as a way forward for
discussion before going to work out the details in the next
version of the rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis I-Ds.

Let me explain the idea with a very hypothetical (intentionally
invalid) example:

Say a book has been assigned the ISBN (ISBN-13) 987-65-4321-678-9.
Thus, per the rfc3187bis I-D, it gets assigned the URN,
            urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9

A resolution service might be able to provide the bibliographic
record of the book and point to reproductions of selected parts
of it, say
    - an image of the front page (cover page),
    - a text version of the table of contents,
    - some rich text copy (e.g. HTML or PDF) of the foreword,
    - the list of references included in the book
      (e.g. in the form of a set of shortened bibligraphic records),
    all of the above available for free, without restrictions to anyone;
    and
    - the Introduction section of the book (in PDF)
    available to registered (authenticated and authorized) users
    of a specific community only.

Then, specific URI references to the above URN can direct its consumer
to steer the resolution process, using the fragment part of the URI
reference:

    urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9
      returns the metadata for the book (default);
    urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9?s=I2R&c=toc
      returns the table of contents;
    urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9?s=I2L&c=foreword
      returns a URL for the foreword of the book;
    urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9?s=I2Ns&c=reflist
      returns a URI list (text/uri-list per RFC 2483)
      with the URNs of the references included in the book;
    urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9?s=I2L&c=sec.1
      returns a URL pointing to the Introduction (Section 1)
      of the book, which can only be resolved by authorized users.

This solution, in a nutshell, would consist of the following elements
for rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis:

o  rfc2141bis specifies
   - the forms-like syntax of the <query> component in URN references,
     as a sequence of  keyword=value  items separated by "&" chars;
     I suggest that for simplicity both <keyword> and <value> should
     be simple fixed tokens (or follow simple patterns), i.e. kind of
     enumerated value protocol elements, and hence not subject to
     internationalization
     (<keyword>s are case-insensitive, in the spirit of RFC 1737,
     <value>s should preferably be case-insensitive as well, but
     namespace-specific considerations might dictate allowance for
     case-sensitivity);
   - the handling rules: single instance of items with a particular
     <keyword> only, semantics independent of order of the items,
     items with unknown (or falsely repeated) <keyword> are to be
     ignored by the resolution service, "sensical" fallback in case
     of unknown / unsupported / not applicable <value> needed
     (these rules will support easy introduction and future extension
     of the repertoire supported by URN services);
   - a new IANA registry of "URN Resolution Query Tokens" with a
     sub-registry for <keyword>s to be used with URI references
     to URNs -- either for general use or specific to particular
     URN Namespaces --, which will be initialized with two entries
     explained below;
   - the <keyword> "s" (Service) to indicate the label of the desired
     URN resolution service;
   - the <keyword> "c" (component) to indicate the desire to obtain
     information about a particular component of the object/resource
     designated by the base URN;
   - another sub-registry of the above new IANA registry for
     <value>s used for the "s" keyword, (i.e. the "service labels"),
     which will be provisionally populated by the service identifiers
     from RFC 2483 -- leaving details to a future rfc2483bis;
   - that supported "c=" values need to be specified per URN namespace.

   Further, rfc2141bis will indicate that future URN Namespace
   registration documents (as per rfc3406bis) need to specify the
   support of the above <query> syntax by its resolution service(s),
   supported/applicable services, the default service provided,
   and the usage of "c=" (if applicable) and any other potential
   keywords for that URN Namespace and supported service.

   Explanatory material related to the issues (described above) with
   the use of <fragment> identifiers as in some recent prototype URN
   service implementations will stay in Appendices of rfc2141bis;
   this includes the mention of the choices URN namespace designers
   have for support of hierarchical (and cross-linked) resources:
   - include component identifier in registered identifier,
     making it a (perhaps distinguishable) part of the NSS;
   - support/use <query> with "c=", so the NSS registry for the
     namespace doesn't have to deal with the component information
     (which will be added value by the resolution services);
   - use <fragment> (if media types returned for particular NID
     are long-term stable and allow to support that).

   The proper use of <fragment> will be emphasized in the main body
   of rfc2141bis, with pointers to other specs, including the
   work-in-progress RFC 4288bis from APPSAWG.

o  rfc3406bis specifies the details for the above scheme expected to
   be specified in registration documents, including new entries in
   the URN Namespace registration template for supported services
   (per the "s" value IANA registry) and the usage and rules for
   "c=" (if applicable) and any other <query> keywords, including
   possible IANA registration of new keywords.

o  The definition of new service labels, and an update to the
   existing definitions is left to future work on a rfc2483bis
   document.  The inofficial rfc2482bis pre-draft circulated
   can be stripped of the definition of the URN service label
   IANA registry (then done in rfc2141bis) and focus on updates
   of service descriptions and the new services that have been
   identified in practice as being needed.


Please discuss this constructive proposal for a way forward  --
preferably by on-list comments.

Since I'll be unable to go online for the rest of July, I'll
evaluate the list discussion and comments sent in private
communications subsequently ASAP, and then provide feedback and
update the drafts accordingly; so please stay patient.


Best regards,
  Alfred.


From juha.hakala@helsinki.fi  Fri Jul  6 02:18:36 2012
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Hello,

Alfred has brought up several important issues in this message. I'll not 
respond to everything at once, but will discuss the general points, the 
way forward and the proposal separately.

This message concentrates on the general issues.

On 5.7.2012 12:26, Alfred wrote:
> URN folks,
>
> thanks to all for reviving the discussion on the rfx2141bis and
> rfc3406bis I-Ds.  As the editor of both drafts, I try to sum up
> below and provide a perspective for a way forward; I'll respond
> individually in more detail ASAP (see endnote).
>
>
> ** general **
>
> Unfortunately, stakeholders of URN Namespaces for various reasons
> seem to feel discouraged to participate in the on-list discussion,
> which now has been majorized by few long-time "IETF professional"
> contributors.  Part of the frustration I observe also seems to be
> based on the lack of constructive proposals on the list so far,
> as replacement solutions for the options being voted against.

There are not that many librarians, publishers etc. who are involved 
with standards work. And most of these standards activists concentrate 
on developing ISO standards. IETF as a whole, and the way in which it 
develops standards, is unfamiliar to book trade and libraries. So even 
if the URN system is vitally important for those organisations who use 
it, we have only a limited number of mainly technical people following 
the URNbis process.
>
> We should not forget that the prime target audience of these URN
> core documents is the rather divers family of (present and)
> prospective stakeholders of URN Namespaces, which frequently
> have not been in contact with the IETF, but possibly with other
> persistent ID schemes, _or_ which are working within the IETF,
> but with a focus on a particular technology and mostly unaware
> of relevant work for URNs.

There are on the one hand technical people who write, implement and 
maintain URN resolvers (among other tools), and on the other hand people 
who use URNs to identify resources. The former are familiar with RFCs, 
and will look for technical information from them. The latter must be 
familiar with the functionality of the URN system in general level, and 
the local URN policy in the detailed level. They cannot find the latter 
from RFCs, and they should get former from other sources than RFCs.

As an aside, there seems to be a misconception that developing a URN 
resolver is complicated. This is not the case; the resolver software 
used by the national library of Finland consists of 18 lines of Python 
code (including four blank lines). But we should be careful in not 
making the business of resolution too complex.

> Hence, the goal of the "core URN documents" should be to give
> concise guidance to _that_ audience, in order to help avoid to
> have to explain the same context again and again individually
> (as I have done in the past couple of years).

I do not insist upon removal of the generic guidance information from 
URNbis documents (potential readers can skip the sections they don't 
need), but if we want e.g. librarians to read this information, it 
should be made available at (or linked to) places where librarians etc. 
go to find information about preservation of digital resources in 
general, such as http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/.

> This IMO needs to include a bit of a "marketing" effort for the
> URN framework against other, concurring identifier systems.

Choosing a persistent identifier system is a decision one has to live 
with for a long time. IMHO it is a big responsibility to tell somebody 
that you should use this or that persistent identifier. Moreover, no 
matter what the experts say, the choice is often based on the 
availability of software package which allows one to start Handle / DOI 
/ URN assignment easily, or mandates one of these systems (like e.g. 
DSpace requires Handles).

To be honest, currently it really does not matter whether the persistent 
identifier is endorsed by IETF or not, or even whether the technical 
requirements such as URI Generic Syntax are followed. There is a major 
project which started assigning Handles in which the fragment identifier 
and the rest of the identifier string in Handle suffix are separated by 
"@" (@ was selected because Handle syntax has not reserved it; the fact 
that it is reserved in URI syntax did not matter).

Given that the overall situation in PID assignment is a bit chaotic, it 
is important that after the revision of the URN system we can say that 
URNs follow strictly the requirements of e.g. RFC 3986, and that the 
RFCs which specify key features such as URN syntax are on standards 
track. Since no other PID system is a true Internet standard, this will 
give URN credibility compared to other PIDs. Of course, in order to gain 
more users, easy to use open source URN software package(s) are needed.

> Recently, being able to point prospective applicants of
> new URN Namespaces (from inside and outside of the IETF) to
> the material in the present Introductions of the rfc2141bis
> and rfc3406bis drafts has been very helpful in giving guidance
> on technical/document/historical context; such material is
> sought by prospective stakeholders in the core documents.

True, and we will be even better off when this information is available 
in more accessible documents, and perhaps also in multiple languages.

Juha

>
> Best regards,
>    Alfred.
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn

-- 

  Juha Hakala
  Senior advisor, standardisation and IT

  The National Library of Finland
  P.O.Box 15 (Unioninkatu 36, room 503), FIN-00014 Helsinki University
  Email juha.hakala@helsinki.fi, tel +358 50 382 7678

From juha.hakala@helsinki.fi  Fri Jul  6 05:31:27 2012
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Subject: Re: [urn] A way forward for rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis -- comments to way forward & the proposal
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Hello,

This is the second part of my comments.

On 5.7.2012 12:26, Alfred � wrote:
> URN folks,
>
> thanks to all for reviving the discussion on the rfx2141bis and
> rfc3406bis I-Ds.  As the editor of both drafts, I try to sum up
> below and provide a perspective for a way forward; I'll respond
> individually in more detail ASAP (see endnote).
>
> ** towards a way forward **
>
> We face several general kinds of problems to deal with.

The trick is to select and solve only those problems that the charter 
requires us to solve, and leave the rest for later WGs or individual 
contributions. Having said this, I need to add that there is not that 
much that we can definitely leave for later in this message.

> One stems from the chartered restriction to not revise the
> "strategical" RFCs laying the foundation of URNs and to presently
> obstain from work on services/methods and details of URN resolution
> and URN services.  There seems to be consensus that some parts of
> these RFCs are outdated by more than a decade of experience with
> URNs.

True. There are for instance many resolution services that are 
definitely relevant but which are not defined in RFC 2483.

But we do not need to solve this problem now, and the charter does not 
have a mandate for that. I have been working on an individual 
contribution which will specify a novel way of establishing URN 
resolution services, but that work can / should wait until 2141bis and 
3406bis have been completed.

Since we aim our work towards bringing our documents
> forward on the Standards Track, we cannot make Normative
> references to past, Informational RFCs.  So, as elaborated upon
> in the URNbis chartering discussion, we need to incorporate
> selected text from, e.g. RFC 1737, verbatim in order to remind
> the readers (including prospective stakeholders of URN Namespaces)
> of what we now deem still particularly valid and important for URNs.

OK.

> Likewise, experience shows that we need to provide a more precise
> framework for the establishment of URN services for URN Namespaces,
> in order to further a uniform style -- to the benefit of generic
> URN handling applications.

Creating the technical framework for establishment of URN resolution 
services has been one of the weaknesses of the URN effort. There is no 
widely used open source software package like the one that has existed 
for many years for the Handle system. And locally developed resolvers 
usually provide only the basic URN resolution services, such as mapping 
the URN to (single) URL.

> Unlike for other URIs, URNs in general are dedicated to be media-
> and technology-independent, as almost necessitated by the target
> of long-term, global scope, uniqueness, and persistence (RFC 1737,
> Section 2).

I agree on technology independence, but media independence is a more 
complex issue. Many traditional identifier systems are media dependent. 
For instance, each manifestation of a book (hard back, paperback, PDF) 
must get its own ISBN. So any URN:ISBN will be forever tied to a single 
manifestation of the book. When the book in PDF is migrated to a more 
modern format, that updated manifestation shall receive a new ISBN. 
These two ISBNs / URN:ISBNs will be interlinked in metadata so the users 
can travel forward and backward in time, depending on their preferences. 
The national libraries are of course storing all the versions, so as to 
protect ourselves from mistakes made during migrations.

There are also identifiers which relate to immaterial works and are 
therefore media dependent. ISTC (International Standard Text Code) is an 
example of this. URN:ISTC therefore fulfills the spirit of RFC 1737 
fully. Those URNs will link to the metadata record which contains links 
to all the manifestations.

However, the URN system as a whole is only functional when it combines 
the work level and manifestation level identifiers.

> Since there are various services applicable to URNs, resolution
> of a URN does not have the same media orientation properties like
> it is common in a HTTP/HTML context. The objects/resources named
> by URNs might be structured, complex, and inter-related with the
> details perhaps evolving over time, whereas the abstract object
> and its naming (as done by the assignement of {NID}:{NSS}) needs
> to be stable.

Based on what I said above, I cannot agree with this. In all those 
namespaces which belong to manifestation identifiers such as ISBN, 
resolution is very much media oriented but however stable. National 
libraries and archives will have users who, for the sake of 
authenticity, even after hundreds of years, still want the original 
version of the digital document. Naming of these documents, given the 
assignment policy of ISBN and other systems, is as stable as it gets.

> Our effort has been driven by a major class of mass URN "customers",
> the bibliographic community.  That community has identified the
> urgent need to identify in a uniform way, in the URN resolution
> process, object/resource components and/or related resources.
> The description in the first paragraph of Section 3.5 in RFC 3986
> has lead to a URN service/resolution implementation attempt based
> on the usage of fragment identifiers, and that has been reflected
> in the rfc2141bis draft since its beginning as an individual I-D.

In fact there are two different approaches. Each namespace may have its 
own policy for identification of logical fragments which are not 
fragments in the URI syntax sense. For instance, both the entire book 
and its each chapter may receive ISBNs. When these chapters are 
published as individual files, resolving those URN:ISBNs to URLs is 
piece of cake.

When the entire book is published as a single structured file, there 
will be one ISBN for the book. Then it is possible to use fragments to 
specify the beginning of each chapter. This is based on physical 
fragments in the URI syntax sense of the word. From the ISBN point of 
view, no new ISBNs have been assigned. From URN point of view, there is 
only single URN since fragment is not part of the NSS.

In principle the chapters may receive ISBNs also in the second case. 
But using them as URN:ISBNs would not make much sense, since all these 
URN:ISBNs would resolve to the same resource.
>
> In the meantime, it has become clear that the subsequent text
> in Section 3.5 of RFC 3986 is incompatible with the goals, since
> it calls for URI users to strip the fragment identifier component
> before forwarding a URI reference for resolution, and to apply
> the fragment identifier, in a media-type dependent manner, to the
> returned content.

As I see it, section 3.5, or the way HTTP deals with the fragments, is 
not incompatible with the goals of the bibliographic community. We would 
not use fragments to actually identify anything, but to help the user to 
get into a certain location within the identified resource. This would 
be very helpful for e.g. citing purposes.


In the bibliographic context, components might
> be archived in different media items over time to maintain their
> accessability, and they might be subject to diverse distribution
> restrictions; so in general, it will be impossible or impractical
> to return an all-encompassing response and allow the client to
> select the required part.

This applies to logical fragments, but it is not our intention to apply 
URI fragments to them. URI fragments will be applied to physical 
fragments of documents, to which they are applicable.

An additional restriction of the use
> of fragment identifiers is that, in practice, media types and/or
> common browsers do not support to "pick a component" from the
> returned resource, but represent the whole resource, pointing to
> a particular spot therein, such maintain the user perception of
> a "fragment identifier" essentially being used as a pointer to
> a particular point in the returned media, not a particular part
> of the resource.

Yes, this is why fragment is not part of the NSS, and why, if you have a 
base urn:isbn and you attach 10 different fragments to it, you will 
still have just one URN, but you have access to 10 different places 
within that particular manifestation of a resource.

And this is also why you should never use fragment in those URN 
namespaces where the identifier is not tied to particular manifestation 
of a resource or the identifier does not identify single documents. This 
means no fragments for ISCI (International Standard Collection 
Identifier) or ISSN (identifier for serials).

The IETF has recently put emphasis on this
> particular, strict media-type dependence of the fragment part
> of URIs, and we need to accomodate that and established practice
> in browsers.

The relevant text portions in rfc2141bis and elsewhere need to be 
clarified. The most important thing is to say that the fragment is not 
part of the NSS, and draw conclusions from that.
>
> In order to avoid recurrence of this issue, explaining text on
> fragment use with URNs IMO needs to be present in rfc2141bis,
> _and_ we need to provide a uniform working scheme for the
> identified requirements.
>
>
> ** the proposal **
>
> Study of RFCs and off-list conversations with folks from the
> bibliographic community has lead to a model how these goals could
> be achieved by a common-style usage of the<query>  URI part,
> and I want to present this to the WG as a way forward for
> discussion before going to work out the details in the next
> version of the rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis I-Ds.

Sorry - I am unwilling to put any fragment related data into query.

> Let me explain the idea with a very hypothetical (intentionally
> invalid) example:
>
> Say a book has been assigned the ISBN (ISBN-13) 987-65-4321-678-9.
> Thus, per the rfc3187bis I-D, it gets assigned the URN,
>              urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9

This ISBN would belong to a particular manifestation of a book, say a 
PDF version, in its entirety.
>
> A resolution service might be able to provide the bibliographic
> record of the book and point to reproductions of selected parts
> of it, say
>      - an image of the front page (cover page),
>      - a text version of the table of contents,
>      - some rich text copy (e.g. HTML or PDF) of the foreword,
>      - the list of references included in the book
>        (e.g. in the form of a set of shortened bibligraphic records),
>      all of the above available for free, without restrictions to anyone;
>      and
>      - the Introduction section of the book (in PDF)
>      available to registered (authenticated and authorized) users
>      of a specific community only.

I am afraid that the URN resolution service would not and will not be 
able do all of this. For the time being they are simple tools with only 
a limited supporting role.

Resolution service may help the user to retrieve a bibliographic record 
describing the book, and those records nowadays often provide a link to 
the image of the book. Table of contents may be part of the 
bibliographic record, and the record may also contain links to Amazon 
and elsewhere where excerpts of the book are stored.

Adjusting the resolution services and bibliographic information systems 
in such a way that the user could request various data elements one at 
the time may be technically possible, but libraries probably prefer to 
supply this information from bibliographic systems, and not to extend 
radically the role of the resolution services.
>
> Then, specific URI references to the above URN can direct its consumer
> to steer the resolution process, using the fragment part of the URI
> reference:
>
>      urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9
>        returns the metadata for the book (default);

While no default behaviour has been specified, this would usually return 
the entire book. If the user wants just information about the book, 
asking for  metadata (and you can have descriptive, administrative, and 
structural metadata) is a good start.

>      urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9?s=I2R&c=toc
>        returns the table of contents;
>      urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9?s=I2L&c=foreword
>        returns a URL for the foreword of the book;

In some situations, the same effect can be achieved by

 >      urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9#toc
 >        takes the user to the beginning of the table of contents;
 >      urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9#foreword
 >        takes the user to the beginning of the the foreword.

Suitable structural elements could be harvested from the source 
document, and the resolver could be made aware of them. If the resource 
is not structured in the URI syntax sense, or the wanted structural 
elements are missing, metadata in the library system may contain the toc 
and reveal the location of the foreword. Alas, maintaining these URLs 
(pointing to e.g. the publisher's web site) will be difficult in the 
long term.

>      urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9?s=I2Ns&c=reflist
>        returns a URI list (text/uri-list per RFC 2483)
>        with the URNs of the references included in the book;
>      urn:isbn:987-65-4321-678-9?s=I2L&c=sec.1
>        returns a URL pointing to the Introduction (Section 1)
>        of the book, which can only be resolved by authorized users.

Libraries use another mechanism (OpenURL) for dynamic linking which 
checks whether the users are authorized to use the resource.

> This solution, in a nutshell, would consist of the following elements
> for rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis:

This is a rather large nutshell :-).
>
> o  rfc2141bis specifies
>     - the forms-like syntax of the<query>  component in URN references,
>       as a sequence of  keyword=value  items separated by "&" chars;
>       I suggest that for simplicity both<keyword>  and<value>  should
>       be simple fixed tokens (or follow simple patterns), i.e. kind of
>       enumerated value protocol elements, and hence not subject to
>       internationalization
>       (<keyword>s are case-insensitive, in the spirit of RFC 1737,
>       <value>s should preferably be case-insensitive as well, but
>       namespace-specific considerations might dictate allowance for
>       case-sensitivity);

Some of the URN resolution services may become complex. For instance, 
when a user asks for metadata about the resource, this metadata may come 
in many different formats, and the user may need to specify her 
preference. So the mechanism suggested here will be relevant in any 
case, with or without fragment functionality.

>     - the handling rules: single instance of items with a particular
>       <keyword>  only, semantics independent of order of the items,
>       items with unknown (or falsely repeated)<keyword>  are to be
>       ignored by the resolution service, "sensical" fallback in case
>       of unknown / unsupported / not applicable<value>  needed
>       (these rules will support easy introduction and future extension
>       of the repertoire supported by URN services);

This information will also be relevant for people who develop resolver 
applications.

>     - a new IANA registry of "URN Resolution Query Tokens" with a
>       sub-registry for<keyword>s to be used with URI references
>       to URNs -- either for general use or specific to particular
>       URN Namespaces --, which will be initialized with two entries
>       explained below;
>     - the<keyword>  "s" (Service) to indicate the label of the desired
>       URN resolution service;
>     - the<keyword>  "c" (component) to indicate the desire to obtain
>       information about a particular component of the object/resource
>       designated by the base URN;
>     - another sub-registry of the above new IANA registry for
>       <value>s used for the "s" keyword, (i.e. the "service labels"),
>       which will be provisionally populated by the service identifiers
>       from RFC 2483 -- leaving details to a future rfc2483bis;

We need this registry as well. At the moment services are carved in 
stone in RFC 2483, but during the 10+ years since it was written 
technology has changed, and there are many more services needed now.

>     - that supported "c=" values need to be specified per URN namespace.

I am not sure if it is a good idea to do this, given that the list of 
services and service components will grow. But there must be a way with 
which a user can check from the resolver which services and service 
components it supports.

>     Further, rfc2141bis will indicate that future URN Namespace
>     registration documents (as per rfc3406bis) need to specify the
>     support of the above<query>  syntax by its resolution service(s),
>     supported/applicable services, the default service provided,
>     and the usage of "c=" (if applicable) and any other potential
>     keywords for that URN Namespace and supported service.

Namespace registrations should make it clear if fragment usage is 
allowed. This is based on what is being identified. If the target is a 
single manifestation of a resource, fine. If the identified object can 
be anything, then common sense can be used. If the object can never be 
something to which URI fragments in the RFC 3986 sense can be applied, 
forget it.

The registration can also list other services that may be supported. I 
don't know if we can say that some services must be supported.

>     Explanatory material related to the issues (described above) with
>     the use of<fragment>  identifiers as in some recent prototype URN
>     service implementations will stay in Appendices of rfc2141bis;
>     this includes the mention of the choices URN namespace designers
>     have for support of hierarchical (and cross-linked) resources:
>     - include component identifier in registered identifier,
>       making it a (perhaps distinguishable) part of the NSS;

This will be a common approach for logical fragments. In many namespaces 
the component identifiers will be identical to identifiers assigned to 
whole documents, and - of course - always part of the NSS.

>     - support/use<query>  with "c=", so the NSS registry for the
>       namespace doesn't have to deal with the component information
>       (which will be added value by the resolution services);

I am not sure - yet - how useful this might be.

>     - use<fragment>  (if media types returned for particular NID
>       are long-term stable and allow to support that).

There will be namespaces and documents to which this functionality is 
very useful.

>     The proper use of<fragment>  will be emphasized in the main body
>     of rfc2141bis, with pointers to other specs, including the
>     work-in-progress RFC 4288bis from APPSAWG.

I'll draft something to this effect.

> o  rfc3406bis specifies the details for the above scheme expected to
>     be specified in registration documents, including new entries in
>     the URN Namespace registration template for supported services
>     (per the "s" value IANA registry) and the usage and rules for
>     "c=" (if applicable) and any other<query>  keywords, including
>     possible IANA registration of new keywords.

OK.
>
> o  The definition of new service labels, and an update to the
>     existing definitions is left to future work on a rfc2483bis
>     document.  The inofficial rfc2482bis pre-draft circulated
>     can be stripped of the definition of the URN service label
>     IANA registry (then done in rfc2141bis) and focus on updates
>     of service descriptions and the new services that have been
>     identified in practice as being needed.

Once we have agreed that this is the way to go, I will modify the 
rfc2483bis accordingly.

Best regards,

Juha
>
>
> Please discuss this constructive proposal for a way forward  --
> preferably by on-list comments.
>
> Since I'll be unable to go online for the rest of July, I'll
> evaluate the list discussion and comments sent in private
> communications subsequently ASAP, and then provide feedback and
> update the drafts accordingly; so please stay patient.
>
>
> Best regards,
>    Alfred.
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn

-- 

  Juha Hakala
  Senior advisor, standardisation and IT

  The National Library of Finland
  P.O.Box 15 (Unioninkatu 36, room 503), FIN-00014 Helsinki University
  Email juha.hakala@helsinki.fi, tel +358 50 382 7678

From L.Svensson@dnb.de  Tue Jul 10 07:10:39 2012
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: More comments on draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc3406bis-urn-ns-reg-02
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Subject: [urn] More comments on draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc3406bis-urn-ns-reg-02
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All,

I have some more comments on 3406bis:

Introduction:

	"I.e., not all syntactically correct URN Namespaces (per the URN
      syntax definition) are valid URN Namespaces.  A URN Namespace must
      have a recognized definition in order to be valid."

Is it enough for a URN Namespace to have a recognized definition to be vali=
d or does it have to be registered somewhere? If recognized is enough: reco=
gnized by whom?

Sec. 4.1: Experimental namespaces

If we desire to register example as a NID, this whole section will probably=
 not be needed any more.

As a corollary, sec 4.3 needs to change:

	"NIDs for Formal URN Namespaces MUST NOT have the forms indicated in
   	the preceding two sections for the other two Namespace types.  (The
   	detailed formal rules are given below in Section 4.4.4.)  Applicants,
   	in concert with the IANA experts, should ensure that the sought NID
   	strings are "proper" for the designated purpose, according to common
   	sense (and applicable legal rules)."

Proposed text (moving parts from 4.4.4 to 4.3):

	"NIDs for Formal URN Namespaces MUST adhere to the following
	constraints:
	-  not be an already-registered NID;
      -  not start with "urn-" (see Section 4.1 above);
	-  not start with "X-" (see NOTE below);
      -  not start with "xy-", where xy is any combination of 2 ASCII
         letters (see NOTE below);
      -  not be equal to or start with "example" (see NOTE below);
      -  be more than 2 characters long.

	NOTE: All two-letter combinations as well as two-letter combinations
	followed by "-" and any sequence of valid NID characters are reserved
	for potential future use as countrycode-based NIDs for eventual
	national registrations of URN Namespaces.  The definition and scoping
	of rules for allocation of responsibility for such Namespaces is
	beyond the scope of this document.
	Further, to avoid confusion, "urn" is not allowed as an NID string;
	To allow neutral example URNs in code and documentation, NID strings
	starting with "example" are set aside for use in documentation; IANA
	has permanently reserved these string to prohibit assignment.
	Earlier versions of this RFC [RFC 2141] defined NID strings starting
	with "X-" as belonging to the class of experimental namespaces. In order
	to avoid confusion, the registration of NIDs starting with "X-" is
	prohibited."

4.4.4 IANA Considerations in Registration Documents

	"According to the general procurements for RFCs, URN Namespace
	definitions documents must include an "IANA Considerations" section
   	(cf. BCP 26 [RFC5226]).  That section has to indicate that the
   	document includes a URN Namespace registration that is to be entered
   	into the IANA registry of Formal URN Namespaces."

This might not be correct if the registration request is for an informal na=
mespace...

Further, I suggest that constraints on NIDs are moved to 4.3. Suggested wor=
ding of 4.4.4:

	"According to the general procurements for RFCs, URN Namespace
	definitions documents must include an "IANA Considerations" section
	(cf. BCP 26 [RFC5226]).  That section has to indicate that the
	document includes a URN Namespace registration that is to be entered
	into the IANA registry of informal or formal URN Namespaces, respectively.

	Registration documents for formal URN Namespaces will provide a
	particular, unique, desired NID string, and this will be assigned by
	the Standards/Protocol Action of the IESG that approves the
	publication of the registration document as an RFC.  RFC 2141bis
	[I-D.ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn] specifies that NID strings are ASCII
	strings that are interpreted in a case-insensitive manner, but the
 	NID string SHALL be registered in the capitalization form preferred
	by the registrant.  The proposed NID string MUST conform with the
	<nid> syntax rule in Section 2.1 of RFC 2141bis
	[I-D.ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn] and it MUST adhere to constraints=20
	specified in sec 4.3, above.

	Applicants and the IANA experts have to ensure that the sought NID
	strings are suitable and proper for the designated purpose and not
	misleading, according to common sense and applicable legal rules.
	The IETF Review process gives interested parties the opportunity to
	rise concerns if they want to challenge proposed strings; the final
	approval decision still remains with the IESG.

	Registrations may be revised by updating the RFC through standard
	IETF RFC update processes.  In any case, a revised document, in the
	form of a new Internet-Draft, must be published, and the proposed
	updated template must be circulated on the urn-nid discussion list,
	allowing for a four-week review period before pursuing RFC
	publication of the new document."

Thanks and all the best,

Lars

***Lesen. H=F6ren. Wissen. 100 Jahre Deutsche Nationalbibliothek***
***Reading. Listening. Understanding. A century of the German National Libr=
ary***

--=20
Dr. Lars G. Svensson
Deutsche Nationalbibliothek / Informationstechnik
http://www.dnb.de/
l.svensson@dnb.de
http://www.dnb.de/100jahre

From leslie@thinkingcat.com  Wed Jul 11 18:17:29 2012
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Hi,

In the general case, indeed, there are many potential complexities.

In these particular cases, most of them don't apply.

The "new" documents are largely the same as the old ones:  they are not 
rewritten from the ground up.  Instead, they have been updated to 
reflect particular points this group is discussing as changes to the 
spec -- not all of which may be kept for this WG's final version of the 
document.

I, as one implicated author, and as chair of the original WG that 
produced these documents, would indeed find it very disrespectful to 
fail to acknowledge that properly in the updated documents.   And, I 
don't think it's reasonable to suggest that the IETF should support a WG 
rewriting that holus bolus as part of its process.

I think it's quite reasonable to list the current folks working on the 
documents as authors if they are authoring.

I think it's quite reasonable to see if the original authors are willing 
and able to continue to be listed (and responsive, eg during AUTH48) and 
responsible for document content.

I'm happy to help try to reach the various authors at current addresses. 
(Since they've already been asking _me_ about the outcome of this issue...).

Leslie.

On 7/4/12 9:47 AM, Barry Leiba wrote:
>> I have mentioned this in the past, and I'll mention it again: I think
>> the new bis specs need to include the authors of the original documents,
>> with the new authors shown as editors. So, for instance,
>> draft-ietf-urnbis-2141bis would have the following in the header:
>>
>> A. Hoenes, Ed.
>> R. Moats
>>
>> Simply ripping the old authors out of the specs is disrespectful.
>
> Well, yes and no -- it's not that simple.
>
> First, I agree that the complete removal of the name of someone who
> contributed substantially to a document in any phase of its life
> (including a prior edition) would, indeed, be disrespectful... and
> unethical.
>
> But:
>
> 1. 2141bis (for example) is a product of the urnbis working group, and
> the chairs have complete control over who is listed at the top of the
> document.  They can remove someone's name for any defensible reason
> (subject, of course, to appeal), including that the person is no
> longer participating in the document's development.
>
> 2. Everyone who appears at the top of the document has to be reachable
> and responsive during AUTH48.  An AD can override that, but we prefer
> to avoid that and to list only those who we *do* expect to handle the
> AUTH48 process promptly.
>
> 3. An "Authors" section can and should be added to recognize the
> contributions of those who are or were authors of some version of the
> document, but who are no longer listed at the top.  This is where we
> can give due respect to a former author who is no longer active.
>
> Of course, as Juha says, it would be reasonable to ask the authors of
> prior versions how they would like to be recognized (and, I'll add,
> whether they will be available to review the final version and sign
> off during AUTH48).  That can certainly be input to the chairs'
> decision.  And anyway, if contacting a former author might bring more
> experienced eyes on the document and get more reviews and input,
> that's a good thing.  If we specifically think a former author will
> disapprove of where we've gone, that is NOT a reason to exclude him...
> in fact, it's that much more of a reason to get the input for
> consideration.
>
> Also, in this case, we have the odd situation that one of the chairs
> is far more active as a document editor than is usual, leaving it
> solely to the other chair to make these decisions.
>
> Barry
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn

-- 

-------------------------------------------------------------------
"Reality:
      Yours to discover."
                                 -- ThinkingCat
Leslie Daigle
leslie@thinkingcat.com
-------------------------------------------------------------------

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To: Juha Hakala <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>, "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Re: [urn] A way forward for rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis -- comments to way forward & the proposal
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To: Juha Hakala <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>, "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Re: [urn] A way forward for rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis -- comments to way forward & the proposal
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Subject: Re: [urn] A way forward for rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis -- comments to way forward & the proposal
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Subject: Re: [urn] A way forward for rfc2141bis and rfc3406bis -- comments to way forward & the proposal
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Hello Lars,

On 13.7.2012 12:49, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> Juha, all,
>
> Much of the current discussion -- particularly the use of fragments -- revolves around the consequences for urn:isbn (RFC 3187bis). In my opinion, that discussion prevents us from making progress in other areas. In short, I consider the use of ISBNs to create URNs flawed and suggest that we for the time being ignore requirements arising from the use of urn:isbn.

Your message is related to a much broader issue of what kind of usage of 
(traditional) identifiers is acceptable, generally and more specifically 
from the URN point of view. Because identifier assignment is usually a 
manual process, human errors are possible, and perhaps inevitable. ISBN 
is no exception in this respect, and taking a closer look at the 
problems within this namespace is useful. But these problems do not 
undermine the value of the ISBN system as a whole. The biggest challenge 
to the URN system are the namespaces where there is no control over 
identifier assignment at all.

The ISBN community has detailed identifier assignment rules expressed in 
the ISBN manual, and national ISBN centers are responsible of 
communicating these rules to the publishers. In most countries these 
rules are well respected, but there are also countries where there has 
been pressures to cut corners, for instance as regards the requirement 
to give different ISBNs to different formats.

In spite of its problems, ISBN is one of the best managed bibliographic 
identifier systems in use. When ISBNs are assigned according to the ISBN 
manual, there should be no serious conflicts with the URN principles, 
although in some areas the ISBN community should perhaps investigate 
more closely from the URN point of view the practical implications of 
the existing policies.

Please see some comments below.
>
> Longer version:
>
> As an answer to Alfred, Juha wrote:
>>> Unlike for other URIs, URNs in general are dedicated to be media-
>>> and technology-independent, as almost necessitated by the target of
>>> long-term, global scope, uniqueness, and persistence (RFC 1737,
>>> Section 2).
>>
>> I agree on technology independence, but media independence is a more
>> complex issue. Many traditional identifier systems are media dependent.
>> For instance, each manifestation of a book (hard back, paperback, PDF)
>> must get its own ISBN. So any URN:ISBN will be forever tied to a
>> single manifestation of the book. When the book in PDF is migrated to
>> a more modern format, that updated manifestation shall receive a new ISBN.
>> These two ISBNs / URN:ISBNs will be interlinked in metadata so the
>> users can travel forward and backward in time, depending on their
>> preferences.
>
> This statement is dependent on two axioms/assumptions specified in URN documents:
>
> 	(1)	"Global uniqueness: The same URN will never be assigned to two different
> 		resources." (RFC 2141bis-02 sec 1.2)
>
> 	(2)	"Assumption #1:  Assignment of a URN is a managed process.” (RFC 3406bis-02)
> 		To me this means that if we create (assign) URNs merely by prefixing an
> 		existing identifier – as by putting “urn:issn:” in front of an existing ISSN
> 		– the process assigning the already existing identifier needs to be managed
> 		as well.
>
> My take is that urn:isbn does not adhere to any of those criteria, at least not globally.

IMHO, it does - if the system is used correctly. This interpretation is 
of course dependent on how we understand "different": is an unaltered 
reprint of a book a different resource than the original or not?

I would prefer not to elaborate in rfc2141bis the meaning of "different" 
in axiom 1, since too strict an interpretation might mean that some 
traditional identifiers would not be suitable URNs. And this would be 
harmful both to the URN system and these identifiers.

> 1)	Uniqueness: An analysis of ISBNs in the catalogue of the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (German National Library, DNB) revealed more than 200,000 ISBNs where more than one bibliographic record shared the same ISBN. Some of those instances are OK according to the ISBN Manual [ISBN Manual], whereby it must be noted, that -- for someone used to the language of RFC 2119 -- the ISBN Manual's language is somewhat fuzzy, using a mixture of shall, should, must etc where an IETF document would use MUST. Nonetheless, an application building on the uniqueness of urn:isbn would then entail that all records having the same ISBN are the same resource, which is not true.

For the sake of comparison, how many ISBNs have been correctly assigned? 
And of these 200.000, how many are OK according to the ISBN manual?

> 2)	Managed process: The assignment of ISBNs to individual publications is in many (most?) jurisdictions specified by the ISBN Manual [ISBN Manual] but delegated to the publisher. A publisher wishing to use ISBNs to identify his publications buys a number range from a national ISBN centre. In many cases, the national centre has no control over how the publisher uses the assigned number range and if he (willingly or not) assigns the same ISBN more than once. A national library _could_ be a control point, but that assumes that a) legal deposit is in place, so that the national library can be certain that _all_ publications can be checked and b) that the national library is in a position to check ISBNs _before_ the book is published. National libraries are generally documentation centres (i. e. we document what has been published) so when a publication arrives it is often too late to change an improper ISBN anyway...
>
> The above statements about uniqueness are based on an ad hoc-analysis of data from the DNB. The first step was to collect all internal record identifiers sharing a common ISBN and to output a list of ISBNs pointing to more than one internal identifier. The second step was to manually evaluate a randomly chosen set of identifiers and see if the identified records actually are different or not. I could identify (at least) five different cases:
> 1)	The publisher has re-used an ISBN for two entirely different publications. Example: urn:isbn:3-332-00079-9 would identify [1] and [2]. This violates 5.1 of the ISBN Manual [ISBN Manual]

This is a human error and these cases should be rare. The national 
library or other organisation maintaining the national bibliography will 
spot these errors, and may have a policy for fixing them.

> 2)	The publisher has re-used an ISBN for the same publication in two different formats (e. g. print and electronic). Example: urn:isbn:3-8272-6986-5 would identify [3] and [4]. This violates 5.4 of the ISBN Manual.

In the worst case (if the principles of the ISBN Manual are not 
followed) these cases may become increasingly common. The library 
community and book stores must try to convince the publishers that this 
practice may have dire consequences.

> 3)	The publisher has used the same ISBN for two editions of a publication, where there has been no change of content (unchanged reprints). Example: urn:isbn:3-10-048198-4 would identify [5] and [6]. This is OK according to 5.2 of the ISBN Manual.

 From the URN resolution point of view, this should not be a serious 
problem. There is no need to reprint a digital book. And if there are 
reprints of a printed book, there may be just one bibliographic record 
describing all of these versions.

> 4)	The publisher has used the same ISBN for two editions of a publication where there has been a (significant) change in the content (augmented or revised reprints). Example: urn:isbn:3-921885-30-2 would identify [7] and [8]. This violates 5.2 of the ISBN Manual.

The publishers should not do this, so these cases ought to be relatively 
rare. The national library or other organisation maintaining the 
national bibliography should be able to spot these errors.

> 5)	The publisher has assigned an ISBN to a media bundle (e. g. a book with an accompanying CD or a collection of books sold as a bundle, such as the complete Works of William Shakespeare). Examples: urn:isbn:978-3-609-62394-8 would identify the media bundle [9] consisting of [10] and [11] (a book with a CD-ROM). This is OK according to 5.6 of the ISBN Manual.

Individual parts of the bundle often receive their own ISBNs. An example 
of this is (book) series and its individual parts (e.g. The Lord of the 
rings and its three parts). There should be no problems in resolving 
these URN:ISBNs in an appropriate manner. If the parts do not have their 
own ISBNs, other identifiers can be assigned.
>
> A more thorough evaluation will provide data on the relative frequencies of those four cases and possibly identify further ones. And yes, the data indicates that some publishers are more notorious than others...

I look forward to this additional information.

Does the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek have plans to contact those 
publishers who are the worst offenders?

I don't know if we could provide a comparable analysis of the situation 
in Finland. And I doubt it would be of interest on the urn list.

> So what does this mean?
> 1)	We should stop using urn:isbns as globally unique identifiers, because they aren’t. The only statement we can make is that urn:isbn:xxxx identifies whatever the owner of xxxx says it identifies, which might not be uniquely determined. There is no way the urn community, the IETF or any other agency can globally control ISBN assignment and much less enforce the rules laid down in the ISBN Manual [ISBN Manual]. If you cannot control uniqueness, you should not regulate it (and much less you should build applications that depend on it).

There will be no URN namespaces where IETF or any other organization can 
fully control the uniqueness and persistence of an identifier.

If a traditional identifier can only get a URN namespace if the 
identifier cannot be misused, by mistake or by purpose, then URN system 
could never become popular.

> 2)	I propose that we deprecate RFC 3187 and cease work on 3187bis, at least until the questions of uniqueness and process management have been clarified. The process question requires close co-operation with the International ISBN Agency (which Juha does anyway, as far as I know). Alternatively, RFC 3187bis can state that the use of urn:isbn is restricted to certain registration group elements (e. g. 951 and 952 since it seems to work in Finland), but I doubt that that is feasible.

IETF must not deprecate URN namespaces which are already in use. Any 
changes that would undermine existing URN services are out of scope of 
the URNbis.

Any fundamental issues with a namespace concerning the uniqueness and 
persistence of the identifiers should be discussed in the namespace 
registration request. IMHO, human errors in identifier assignment are 
not such issues. In the namespace registration I would not go beyond 
telling if the community has rules of identifier assignment, and perhaps 
providing an overview of these principles. Obviously these rules should 
not be in conflict with the URN principles. In the case of ISBN, I see 
no such conflicts, although there are cases in which we should 
investigate the practical consequences of existing (acceptable) practices.

The URN community may be able to support the ISBN international and the 
national ISBN centers in their work at enforcing the guidelines of the 
ISBN manual, by showing that if the same ISBN is given to different 
formats and / or editions of a book, URN resolution process can be 
compromised.

> 3)	When discussing the use of fragment identifiers in RFC 2141bis, we should ignore potential use cases stemming from the use of urn:isbn.

This is fine with me.

Best regards,

Juha
>
> All the best,
>
> Lars
>
> [1] http://d-nb.info/870687158
> [2] http://d-nb.info/881221112
> [3] http://d-nb.info/1015716695
> [4] http://d-nb.info/976818019
> [5] http://d-nb.info/946281599
> [6] http://d-nb.info/870379119
> [7] http://d-nb.info/800228464
> [8] http://d-nb.info/810433923
> [9] http://d-nb.info/988495430
> [10] http://d-nb.info/986478970
> [11] http://d-nb.info/988495589
> [ISBN Manual] ISBN User's Manual. International Edition. Sixth Edition. London 2012. http://www.isbn-international.org/pages/media/Usermanuals/ISBN%20Manual%202012%20-corr.pdf
>
> ***Lesen. Hören. Wissen. 100 Jahre Deutsche Nationalbibliothek*** ***Reading. Listening. Understanding. A century of the German National Library***
>
> --
> Dr. Lars G. Svensson
> Deutsche Nationalbibliothek / Informationstechnik http://www.dnb.de/ l.svensson@dnb.de http://www.dnb.de/100jahre
>

-- 

  Juha Hakala
  Senior advisor, standardisation and IT

  The National Library of Finland
  P.O.Box 15 (Unioninkatu 36, room 503), FIN-00014 Helsinki University
  Email juha.hakala@helsinki.fi, tel +358 50 382 7678

From stpeter@stpeter.im  Wed Jul 18 15:19:20 2012
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Subject: Re: [urn] More comments on draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc3406bis-urn-ns-reg-02
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On 7/10/12 8:11 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> All,
> 
> I have some more comments on 3406bis:
> 
> Introduction:
> 
> "I.e., not all syntactically correct URN Namespaces (per the URN 
> syntax definition) are valid URN Namespaces.  A URN Namespace must 
> have a recognized definition in order to be valid."
> 
> Is it enough for a URN Namespace to have a recognized definition to
> be valid or does it have to be registered somewhere? If recognized is
> enough: recognized by whom?

I tend to agree that the notion of validity used here is not well
specified. Formal namespaces and informal namespaces do have recognized
definitions, because they are registered with the IANA. Experimental
namespaces (which personally I would prefer to deprecate, see the
"example" namespace I-D that I will submit when the window opens again)
do not have recognized definitions, I think.

Perhaps: "A URN Namespace must be registered in accordance with the
procedures specified in this document in order to be considered valid."

> Sec. 4.1: Experimental namespaces
> 
> If we desire to register example as a NID, this whole section will
> probably not be needed any more.

I hope so. I wrote the I-D, but I missed the submission deadline.

> As a corollary, sec 4.3 needs to change:
> 
> "NIDs for Formal URN Namespaces MUST NOT have the forms indicated in 
> the preceding two sections for the other two Namespace types.  (The 
> detailed formal rules are given below in Section 4.4.4.)
> Applicants, in concert with the IANA experts, should ensure that the
> sought NID strings are "proper" for the designated purpose, according
> to common sense (and applicable legal rules)."
> 
> Proposed text (moving parts from 4.4.4 to 4.3):
> 
> "NIDs for Formal URN Namespaces MUST adhere to the following 
> constraints: -  not be an already-registered NID; 

Isn't it the responsibility of the expert reviewer and the IANA to
ensure that people don't register duplicates? In any case, given that
the NID is the "key" here, I don't see much danger in duplicates.

> -  not start with
> "urn-" (see Section 4.1 above); -  not start with "X-" (see NOTE
> below); -  not start with "xy-", where xy is any combination of 2
> ASCII letters (see NOTE below); -  not be equal to or start with
> "example" (see NOTE below); 

Actually I plan to register "urn:example" as a replacement for
experimental namespaces. Why would we forbid that? Or would the I-D I
wrote lock that down?

> -  be more than 2 characters long.
> 
> NOTE: All two-letter combinations as well as two-letter combinations 
> followed by "-" and any sequence of valid NID characters are
> reserved for potential future use as countrycode-based NIDs for
> eventual national registrations of URN Namespaces.  The definition
> and scoping of rules for allocation of responsibility for such
> Namespaces is beyond the scope of this document. Further, to avoid
> confusion, "urn" is not allowed as an NID string; To allow neutral
> example URNs in code and documentation, NID strings starting with
> "example" are set aside for use in documentation; 

I think it's better to do that in the I-D I've written, not in the
registration document.

> IANA has
> permanently reserved these string to prohibit assignment. Earlier
> versions of this RFC [RFC 2141] defined NID strings starting with
> "X-" as belonging to the class of experimental namespaces. In order 
> to avoid confusion, the registration of NIDs starting with "X-" is 
> prohibited."

I suppose that's OK given the history behind the "X-" space here.

> 4.4.4 IANA Considerations in Registration Documents
> 
> "According to the general procurements for RFCs, URN Namespace 
> definitions documents must include an "IANA Considerations" section 
> (cf. BCP 26 [RFC5226]).  That section has to indicate that the 
> document includes a URN Namespace registration that is to be entered 
> into the IANA registry of Formal URN Namespaces."
> 
> This might not be correct if the registration request is for an
> informal namespace...

Corrent.

> Further, I suggest that constraints on NIDs are moved to 4.3.
> Suggested wording of 4.4.4:
> 
> "According to the general procurements for RFCs, URN Namespace 
> definitions documents must include an "IANA Considerations" section 
> (cf. BCP 26 [RFC5226]).  That section has to indicate that the 
> document includes a URN Namespace registration that is to be entered 
> into the IANA registry of informal or formal URN Namespaces,
> respectively.
> 
> Registration documents for formal URN Namespaces will provide a 
> particular, unique, desired NID string, and this will be assigned by 
> the Standards/Protocol Action of the IESG that approves the 
> publication of the registration document as an RFC.  RFC 2141bis 
> [I-D.ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn] specifies that NID strings are
> ASCII strings that are interpreted in a case-insensitive manner, but
> the NID string SHALL be registered in the capitalization form
> preferred by the registrant.  The proposed NID string MUST conform
> with the <nid> syntax rule in Section 2.1 of RFC 2141bis 
> [I-D.ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn] and it MUST adhere to constraints 
> specified in sec 4.3, above.
> 
> Applicants and the IANA experts have to ensure that the sought NID 
> strings are suitable and proper for the designated purpose and not 
> misleading, according to common sense and applicable legal rules. The
> IETF Review process gives interested parties the opportunity to rise
> concerns if they want to challenge proposed strings; the final 
> approval decision still remains with the IESG.
> 
> Registrations may be revised by updating the RFC through standard 
> IETF RFC update processes.  In any case, a revised document, in the 
> form of a new Internet-Draft, must be published, and the proposed 
> updated template must be circulated on the urn-nid discussion list, 
> allowing for a four-week review period before pursuing RFC 
> publication of the new document."

That all seems fine.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/





From stpeter@stpeter.im  Wed Jul 18 15:29:08 2012
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On 7/6/12 3:18 AM, Juha Hakala wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> Alfred has brought up several important issues in this message. I'll not
> respond to everything at once, but will discuss the general points, the
> way forward and the proposal separately.
> 
> This message concentrates on the general issues.
> 
> On 5.7.2012 12:26, Alfred wrote:
>> URN folks,
>>
>> thanks to all for reviving the discussion on the rfx2141bis and
>> rfc3406bis I-Ds.  As the editor of both drafts, I try to sum up
>> below and provide a perspective for a way forward; I'll respond
>> individually in more detail ASAP (see endnote).
>>
>>
>> ** general **
>>
>> Unfortunately, stakeholders of URN Namespaces for various reasons
>> seem to feel discouraged to participate in the on-list discussion,
>> which now has been majorized by few long-time "IETF professional"
>> contributors.  Part of the frustration I observe also seems to be
>> based on the lack of constructive proposals on the list so far,
>> as replacement solutions for the options being voted against.
> 
> There are not that many librarians, publishers etc. who are involved
> with standards work. And most of these standards activists concentrate
> on developing ISO standards. IETF as a whole, and the way in which it
> develops standards, is unfamiliar to book trade and libraries. So even
> if the URN system is vitally important for those organisations who use
> it, we have only a limited number of mainly technical people following
> the URNbis process.

Hi Juha, what I have observed is that the scope of our work in the
URNBIS WG is actually quite small, and the topics are of interest to
people who care about URIs, but not to librarians, publishers, and the
like. Those folks are users of some URN namespaces, but they don't
particularly care about URNs in general (nor should they, I think).

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://stpeter.im/





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FYI and as previously mentioned. If approved, this document might enable
us to remove experimental namespace identifiers from 3406bis.

Peter

-------- Original Message --------
Subject: I-D Action: draft-saintandre-urn-example-00.txt
Date: Tue, 31 Jul 2012 09:20:51 -0700
From: internet-drafts@ietf.org
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To: i-d-announce@ietf.org


A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts
directories.


	Title           : A Uniform Resource Name (URN) Namespace for Examples
	Author(s)       : Peter Saint-Andre
	Filename        : draft-saintandre-urn-example-00.txt
	Pages           : 6
	Date            : 2012-07-31

Abstract:
   This document defines a Uniform Resource Name (URN) namespace
   identifier enabling generation of URNs that are appropriate for use
   in private testing, as examples in documentation, and the like.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-saintandre-urn-example

There's also a htmlized version available at:
http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-saintandre-urn-example-00


Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

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