From nobody Fri Oct 6 12:37:37 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id EB6C3134C57; Fri, 6 Oct 2017 12:01:29 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -2.399 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-2.399 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, FREEMAIL_FORGED_FROMDOMAIN=0.199, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001, HEADER_FROM_DIFFERENT_DOMAINS=0.001, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW=-0.7, SPF_PASS=-0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Authentication-Results: ietfa.amsl.com (amavisd-new); dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id jL-aihOQSFVv; Fri, 6 Oct 2017 12:01:24 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-wm0-x22e.google.com (mail-wm0-x22e.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:400c:c09::22e]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id 3A34C134C5F; Fri, 6 Oct 2017 12:01:03 -0700 (PDT) Received: by mail-wm0-x22e.google.com with SMTP id i124so9201588wmf.3; Fri, 06 Oct 2017 12:01:03 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=sender:mime-version:subject:from:in-reply-to:date:cc:message-id :references:to; bh=sLjJ4fl42XRotEdMkSEkvgO4G4TkIQgXyComAEqd7pI=; b=PMIBXimNWaZ6H/SHfUAIRKmXYxcRMoh4c3wNIJw8I2Bb9TgJmSfnRSOEt8LFHtc56p o35E9FIYupWbUyXA4c97uJx6YCS7Y+IjrSXRBJLMhWczoz3K4hV2oEeN9dqEMErORJbc Um3Iyt2ulFnsAtYFSY3aYcAoI7otryrEi2C+cGOxB3YVVOXC7ibARIIm8IAWvufqECoA z8iHl0++BGVArOWTp7i6TZLk4HQrkrm7OEUNzGIsj3QhqT3MNgXIldMLgSXEA0KWNeiD hdDgPnMcdDcm/Z1VJvIQqxpKV3KToQjkIihL6yYhw3txF2YC5y4m20S+Hs5kLB177I77 qspA== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:sender:mime-version:subject:from:in-reply-to :date:cc:message-id:references:to; bh=sLjJ4fl42XRotEdMkSEkvgO4G4TkIQgXyComAEqd7pI=; b=oWl7nFWjKB45VAUgiGGL8mMf6gLxVaOzlXrV8x1YCA1yow5sLzp8aQFSNYnjIqO/yc 8j8tqVx/FOS7iGV2Q3Pk6RGVBcvE3pjVMq8ysWgziwtlIGsDyvdExNlnTLDmtHRk+r2p G6UnpjMoRa70Hy5QkuA0lpCvc3zIja0iQRNtKYKEISN6zX01cnDeXDuh4n7zCoTKcWAA iLsZgMbXe9yu8RQ7x5YEMKU4iEi7Ew2aXcFHfVxQqNH++ctr+d3yRam5/hX5cLIbZlfQ vdMfSoNO6QAE5nznQpsmQ1gUdQMGSnGD922K3Ro+4mwPGelqYz8vNarWYz7kZ+I7RLSz FNRQ== X-Gm-Message-State: AMCzsaVDTMXj5cLsD9BlisYRPkuVHwPpylGKeroGHg2XCiQBSFexLSx4 Gpih2BDVoU9F+w5lBoE5q78Xa9QL0Wg= X-Google-Smtp-Source: AOwi7QCSmjoS9b0HxQfCdgUgbMrMLuQYVTgsdWpQv9CK4JXjclyLFApn/aOHNdD8uNo/bYzequDs8A== X-Received: by 10.80.148.137 with SMTP id s9mr4459329eda.162.1507316461024; Fri, 06 Oct 2017 12:01:01 -0700 (PDT) Received: from [192.168.0.3] ([94.103.212.185]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id 23sm1895301edx.8.2017.10.06.12.00.58 (version=TLS1 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA bits=128/128); Fri, 06 Oct 2017 12:00:58 -0700 (PDT) Sender: Enrico Francesconi Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Apple-Mail=_D7AC097D-43BD-4194-8213-A74DD3F776A4" Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 9.0 \(3094\)) From: Enrico Francesconi In-Reply-To: Date: Fri, 6 Oct 2017 21:00:55 +0200 Cc: Alexey Melnikov , "urn@ietf.org" , Pierluigi Spinosa , "Hakala, Juha E" Message-Id: <59D492AC-FEC7-48D9-84B6-614BB0B0223D@ittig.cnr.it> References: <1505909590.1544977.1112321704.5FEB92F9@webmail.messagingengine.com> To: "draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org" X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3094) Archived-At: X-Mailman-Approved-At: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 12:37:35 -0700 Subject: Re: [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX X-BeenThere: urn@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: Revisions to URN RFCs List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 19:01:30 -0000 --Apple-Mail=_D7AC097D-43BD-4194-8213-A74DD3F776A4 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Dear All, thanks a lot everyone for the global revision of the urn-lex draft = and for your useful comments on the document. We have finalized the = analysis of most of them, therefore we send you here below a sum-up of = the interventions we would like to provide to the document. We will be back with feedback to the most recent comments from = Sabrina=E2=80=99s and Juha=E2=80=99s in a following email. We grouped comments with respect to each reviewer and, for each remark, = we provide: a synthesis of the requests (Req:) our answers (Ans:) arguments for a further analysis (To Deepen:) In case approved we will prepare a draft v.12 accordingly, to be then = validated. Please let us know how to proceeed or any additional remarks. Thanks again for your collaboration best regards Pierluigi and Enrico ****************************** Dale's comments ****************************** A. Major items 1. Annex A: Use of alfanum, etc. Req: Simplifying syntax with non-terminal elements Ans: We will simplify the syntax in the direction required 2. Sez. 4.4: How are non-ASCII characters to be handled? Req: Different management of non-ASCII characters in different sections. = UTF-8% encoded or punycode incompatible Ans: strongly recommend the use of ASCII base. In this case we can use a = straightforward DNS query for routing. In case this solution is = unacceptable for a jurisdiction: use UTF-8% encoded in URNs and use = punycode conversion in DNS. In this case, the jurisdiction has to = implement a software conversion as an interface for DDDS 3. Sez. 3.2: Compatibility with RFC 2141 and use of "~" Req: character "~" not allowed in RFC 2141 Ans: declare that the syntax conforms to RFC 8141 To Deepen: For backward compatibility, the "/", previously prohibited in = URNs, is reserved for future use, then we can remove the "/" from = prohibited characters and include it in "future expansions" 4. Sez. 11.2: The pseudo-TLD ".lex" Req: it no longer works if .lex is assigned Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" 5. Sez. 6.7: Dealing with publishers Req: Possible issues if an event is assigned by an editor independently To Deepen: By joining the federated system, a publisher accepts the = urn-lex rules. The Jurisdictional Registrar (Section 7.2) provides = guidelines and monitors their application Req: Domain Name Editor: persistence of the manifestation depends on the = publisher To Deepen: Common problem with all components where a domain name is = indicated. Think of a solution through aliases B. Minor points 6. Abstract Req: World Wide Web Consortium reference for resource identification Ans: Replace W3C with IETF 7. Sez. 1.1: The Purpose of Namespace "lex" Req: Useful when mapped on HTTP URLs and not URIs To Deepen: we often talk about http uri. Maybe we can emphasize its = function as identifier rather than as locator. The identifier is often = not an absolute URL 8. Sez. 1.4: General Characteristics of the System Req: SHOULD seems more appropriate than MUST Ans: replace "must" with "should" 9. Sez. 2: Syntax label Req: The syntax and semantics of components r- and q- are not defined in = the document Ans: after: "... introduced by [RFC8141]" insert: "The use of r- and q- = components with LEX URNs is not defined in this document. But they = provide new ... " 10. Sect. 2: Documentation Req: better replace "none" with a reference to the same document Ans: replace "none" with: "The details of the syntax, semantics and use = of LEX URNs are given in [this RFC]." 11. Sect. 3.1: Identifier structure Req: Capitalization of Section Title: non-consistent document To Deepen: Check rules for writing section titles Req: representation of non-ASCII characters in RFCs Ans: right: the guidelines suggest using the Unicode convention U + XXXX 12. Examples Req: Are the examples shown real or hypothetical? Ans: Include the following: "All URN examples in the document are = hypothetical" 13. Sez. 5.3: Ordinal Numbers Req: To clarify whether it is Western or Eastern Arabic numbers Ans: add "Western" before "Arabic numbers" 14. Sez. 6.1: Basic Principles Req: substitution suggestion of "by parser" with "from parser" Ans: replace "by parser" with "from parser" 15. Sez. 6.7: Structure of the Document Identifier at Manifestation = Level Req: syntax ambiguity: with only one element, it is not clear whether it = is component or feature Ans: Correct syntax according to Dale's suggestions in the presence of = features, component (if absent) is set to "all" (whole document) 16. Sez. 6.8: Sources of Law References Req: Partition ID indicates an element and not a simple location To Deepen: It is true, but it depends on the level of granularity of the = identification systems (documents or also partitions?). 17. Sez. 8.1: The General Architecture of the System Req: Incomplete reference: RFC 3403 only defines NAPTR records Ans: Add reference to RFC 3405 explaining why the lex.urn.arpa domain is = created 18. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration Req: missing the description of the registry structure Ans: Specify format and examples of the registry of jurisdiction codes 19. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of the "lex" = namespace Req: Reported several errors or ambiguities: lowercase; = body/function/office, component/feature, ... Ans: review the syntax, according to Dale's suggestions. Test the syntax = with a parser 20. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of the "lex" = namespace Req: syntax error for % encoded To Deepen: Correct the % encoded syntax (see RFC 3261 par.25.1) 21. Annex A, Sec. B1.4 (Indication of the Body) and B1.5 (Indication of = the Function) Req: ambiguity between body / function / office Ans: Correct syntax to eliminate ambiguities 22. Annex D and D1: Http-based LEX identifier Req: HTTP and non-HTTP-based Ans: delete "based" Req: Same names used for http and urn elements: same semantics but = different syntax To Deepen: Use same names in http and urn elements, maybe change = delimiters 23. Sez. D1: Http-based URI Req: Wrong Link to Linked Data To Deepen: Correct reference to Linked Data ****************************** Paul's comments ****************************** A. Major items 24. Scope of the document Req: Doc. describes not only URN but a fully federated system. Better = divide the two documents To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of the discussion 25. Name or query? Req: Doc. also describes how to use URNs as a query, incompatibility = with URNs To Deepen: Document: URN Full and Unique; references: URN incomplete, = but useful (see e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20) B. Minor points 26. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration Req: Re-assigning ccTLD: using the solution of international = institutions? Ans: The Registry of Jurisdiction Codes solves this problem. If the = ccTLD was reassigned, the old assignment remains in the log. If it was = already assigned, the applicant should choose a different one Req: .lex is no longer valid if .lex is assigned Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" (see answer to Dale=E2=80=99s remark = n.4) 27. Full utility of this URN form Req: it seems that a browser plugin in needed To Deepen: The DDDS for URNs is fully described in various RFCs = (3401-05). However, to the best of our knowledge, the "urn:" schema is = not recognized by browsers, the most widely used tool for accessing = information. Therefore, to activate a resolution process from a native = reference as "... href =3D =E2=80=98urn: ...=E2=80=99 ", there are 2 = possibilities: 1. Develop a browser plug-in, that can recognize the urn schema. Such a = plug-in could route the urn to a service, active on one (or more) = servers, which is able to walk through the DNS chain and return the = address of the resolver (typically via http); 2. Transform a native urn reference to an http one (like: ... href =3D = "httReq: // ?urn: ..."), through a pre-processor or style = sheet, where the urn is a parameter of the call to the service = previously described. Req: Move the solution in a separate document To Deepen: Postpone the decision to the end of this review 28. Sez. 4.4: Use of Punycode Req: The syntax has to be revised for the non-ASCII. It includes = %-encoding but not punycode Ans: Use UTF-8 %encoded within a URN; convert punycode in the DNS (see = Dale point 2.) 29. Sez. 6.7: Ambiguity between components and features Req: syntax ambiguity: with one element it is not clear if it is a = [component] or a [feature] Ans: get rid of the syntax ambiguity in the manifestazione (see Dale's = point 15.) 30. Annex D: Http-based LEX identifier Req: it seems unuseful, there are no references: remove or incorporate = in another doc To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of this revision phase 31. Name or query? (Answer to Alexey) Req: it is difficult to separate naming rules from the resolution = aspects: split the document in two? Req: there are several elements which are difficult to identify by a = user and drive you to the construction of different URNs To Deepen: a document has always a complete and unequivocal URN; a = reference can have an incomplete URN, nevertheless useful for a = retrieval service. (See also the mail sent to Dale on 9/20) 32. Name or query? (Answer to Enrico=E2=80=99s email) Req: The user attempts to build a URN by some metadata he knows. The = input URN is not actually a URN to the document under analysis - it is a = query for some documents To Deepen: In the RFC we can better clarify the case of 1) a complete = and unequivocal URN as document identifier; 2) an incomplete URN but = still useful for retrieval and that can be used in references (See also = the e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20) --------------------------------------------------------- Enrico Francesconi ITTIG - CNR Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques Italian National Research Council Via de' Barucci 20 50127 Florence Italy Tel: +39-055-4399-665 Fax: +39-055-4399-605 email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it --------------------------------------------------------- > On 21 set 2017, at 09:57, Hakala, Juha E = wrote: >=20 > Hello,=20 >=20 > I have a few comments.=20 >=20 > Mandate >=20 > Based on the I-D, it is not clear to me what mandate ITTIG-CNR has. = URN:LEX would complement existing systems; for instance in Finland laws = are identified with cool URIs. For instance, English translation of = Child welfare act can be found from = http://finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2007/en20070417.pdf. In the short = term there might not be much interest to implement urn:lex in the Finlex = system. >=20 > However, I do believe that establishing a urn namespace to sources of = law can be useful in the long term.=20 >=20 > Administration=20 >=20 > ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness of the = element. In the level of country codes this will be easy. = But there may be a large number of sub-divisions within each country, = and also organization-based sub-divisions. If urn:lex becomes popular, = it may be a substantial task to maintain and to support = organizations in making their urn:lex identifiers actionable.=20 >=20 > Has ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the short term = / long term? =20 >=20 > Semantics and syntax=20 >=20 > The template does not provide sufficient information about the = semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is = very detailed in that respect.=20 >=20 > Most URN namespaces (and traditional identifiers) have relatively = simple semantics. Identifiers may be totally "dumb" (it is impossible to = see from the NSS what the URN identifies) and even if the identifier has = some semantic like ISBN, things are kept simple (for those in the know, = ISBN reveals the country and the publisher). Other persistent identifier = system are even more extreme when it comes to semantics: identifiers in = ARK, Handle and DOI are usually dumb, and recommend strongly that all = semantics should be avoided.=20 >=20 > URNs from proposed urn:lex namespace may contain a lot of information = about the identified resource. For instance, I-D contains an example URN = like this:=20 >=20 > = urn:lex:eu:tibunal.justicia:sentencia:2009-06-11;33-08@original:es$text-ht= ml:juradmin.eu;jurifast:todo:anonimo=20 >=20 > It may be difficult, both for humans and applications, to make sense = of this.=20 >=20 > ITTIG might consider making NSS simpler, and including at least some = of the information which is now embedded in NSS (such as date and file = format) into metadata records that would accompany URN:LEX identifiers. = Having a lot of semantics in the NSS may overload the resolvers with = tasks which should be done by passing a request to an appropriate target = system. It is also more challenging to develop assignment rules for a = very semantic identifier system, and to be able to use such system = correctly. =20 >=20 > As regards syntax, I am concerned about un-encoded use of @ to = indicate an expression of a work:=20 >=20 > local-name =3D work ["@" expression] ["$" manifestation] >=20 > Resolution >=20 > ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution service for = urn:lex. That is necessary for organization-based sub-domains. But for = country-code based subdomains such as urn:lex:fi, resolvers may be = established in the national level (just as in country code based = sub-domains of urn:nbn). Generally, if it is not necessary to establish = a global resolver service for a namespace, it is better to decentralize, = since otherwise there will be a single point of failure.=20 >=20 > It would of course be possible to harvest URN - URL mapping tables = from national lex resolvers into the central resolver maintained by = ITTIG-CNR.=20 >=20 > All the best, =20 >=20 > Juha >=20 >> -----Original Message----- >> From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Alexey Melnikov >> Sent: 20. syyskuuta 2017 15:13 >> To: urn@ietf.org >> Cc: draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org >> Subject: [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX >>=20 >> Hi, >> as responsible AD for draft-spinosa-urn-lex, I would like to request = Expert >> Review for a new URN Namespace. >> The registration template was extracted from = draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11: >>=20 >> Namespace Identifier: >>=20 >> "lex" requested according to [RFC8141]. >>=20 >> Version: >>=20 >> 1.0 >>=20 >> Date: >>=20 >> 2017-05-25 >>=20 >> Registrant: >>=20 >> Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques (ITTIG) >> Italian National Research Council (CNR) >> Via de' Barucci, 20 >> 50127 Florence >> Italy >> e-mail: lex@ittig.cnr.it >> phone: +39 055 43995 >>=20 >> contact: Enrico Francesconi >> e-mail: enrico.francesconi@ittig.cnr.it >>=20 >> Purpose: >>=20 >> The purpose of the "lex" namespace is to assign an = unequivocal >> identifier, in standard format, to documents that are sources >> of law. >>=20 >> In the last few years a number of institutional initiatives >> have arisen in the field of legal document management. They >> were aimed at introducing standards for sources of law >> description and identification using XML and URI techniques, >> respectively (for more details see Section 1.3) LEX = identifier >> is conceived to be general enough, so to provide guidance at >> the core of the standard and sufficient flexibility to cover = a >> wide variety of needs for identifying all the legal documents >> of different nature, namely legislative, case-law and >> administrative acts. Moreover, it can be effectively used >> within a federative environment where different publishers >> (public and private) can provide their own items of an act >> (that is there is more than one manifestation of the same = act). >>=20 >> The LEX identifier is conceived to be: globally unique, >> transparent, bidirectional, persistent, location-independent, >> and language-neutral. It is organized into parts. The first >> part uses a predetermined standard to specify the country (or >> more generally the jurisdiction) of origin for the legal >> document being identified; the remainder is intended for = local >> use in identifying documents issued in that country or >> jurisdiction. This second part depends only on sources of law >> identification system operating in that nation. For more >> details on the nature of the LEX characteristics and the >> general internal organization, see Section 1.4. >>=20 >> The LEX name is linked to the document through specific meta- >> information, internally (with a tag) or externally (with a >> attribute) (for details on this see Section 1.5) >>=20 >> LEX names will be used on a large scale in references either = in >> (X)HTML document or, more generally, in XML documents format >> compliant with the relative DTD/XMLSchema (see Section 1.6 = for >> more information). >>=20 >> Syntax: >>=20 >> The identifier has a hierarchical structure as follows: >>=20 >> "urn:lex:" NSS >>=20 >> where is the Namespace Specific String composed as >> follows: >>=20 >> NSS =3D jurisdiction ":" local-name >>=20 >> where: >>=20 >> is the part providing the identification of = the >> jurisdiction, generally corresponding to the country, where = the >> source of law is issued. It is also possible to represent >> international organizations (either states or public >> administrations or private entities); >>=20 >> is the uniform name of the source of law in the >> country or jurisdiction where it is issued; its internal >> structure is common to the already adopted schemas. It is = able >> to represent all the aspects of an intellectual production, = as >> it is a legal document, from its initial idea, through its >> evolution during the time, to its realisation by different >> means (paper, digital, etc.). >>=20 >> LEX specifications gives information on the internal = structure >> of both and , including >> specifications about case sensitivity, the use of national >> characters and diacritics, as well as spaces, connectives, >> punctuation marks, abbreviations, acronyms, date formats and >> ordinal numbers. For more details on the internal structure = and >> syntax of the LEX identifier, see Section 3, 4 and 5. >>=20 >> Recently the r- and q- components have been introduced by >> [RFC8141]. They provide new and interesting perspectives when >> using URNs in a complex sector as sources of law, = characterized >> by different versions, languages, publishers, and so on. In >> particular, by using the r-component at the resolver level, = and >> therefore at the whole NSS level, you can select from the = same >> work only expressions written in a given language, or >> manifestations published by a particular institutional site, >> etc. Using the q-component at the act metadata level, you can >> select versions that are valid at a particular date, or >> modified by a specific act, etc. >>=20 >> Assignment: >>=20 >> The Jurisdictional Registrar (or those it delegates) of each >> adhering country or organization is responsible of the >> definition or acceptance of the uniform name's primary = elements >> (issuing authority and type of legal measure). >>=20 >> Any country or jurisdiction, aiming to adopt this schema, >> identifies a Jurisdictional Registrar, an organization which >> shares and defines the structure of the optional part of the >> name, according to the organization of the state or >> institution. The process of assigning the will = be >> managed by each specific country or jurisdiction under the >> related element (details on this can be found = in >> Section 7.2). >>=20 >> Identifiers in the "lex" namespace are defined through a >> element assigned to the sources of law of a >> specific country or organization, and a assigned >> by the issuing authority. The goal of the LEX schema is to >> maintain uniqueness and persistence of all resources = identified >> by the assigned URNs. The elements values for the LEX >> identifier within a jurisdiction are defined by the >> Jurisdictional Registrar, this ensures that the constructed >> URNs are unique (see Section 7.3 for details on uniqueness). >>=20 >> The persistence of identifiers depends on the durability of = the >> institutions that assign and administer them (see Section 7.3 >> for details on persitence) >>=20 >> Security and Privacy: >>=20 >> This document introduces no additional security = considerations >> beyond those associated with the use and resolution of URNs = in >> general. >>=20 >> Interoperability: >>=20 >> As open standard naming convention to identify sources of law >> at international level, LEX is meant to guarantee >> interoperability among legal information systems across >> national boundaries. >>=20 >> The characteristics of the LEX naming convention facilitate >> legal document management as well as provide a mechanism of >> stable cross-collections and cross-country references, thus >> allowing the distribution of the legal information towards a >> federated architecture. >>=20 >> Resolution: >>=20 >> The resolution service associates a LEX identifier with a >> specific document address on the net. The related system will >> have a distributed architecture based on two fundamental >> components: a chain of information in DNS (Domain Name = System) >> and a series of resolution services from URNs to URLs, each >> competent within a specific domain of the namespace (see >> Section 8.1 for more details). >>=20 >> To cope with possible incomplete or inaccurate uniform names, >> the implementation of a catalogue, based on a relational- >> database, able to associate a URN to related URLs, is >> suggested, as it will lead to a higher flexibility in the >> resolution process. A resolver can provide names = normalization, >> completion of inaccurate or incomplete names, and finally = their >> resolution in network locations (see Section 8.2 and 8.3 for >> characteristics and behaviour of a catalogue for resolution). >>=20 >> Documentation: >>=20 >> None >>=20 >> Additional Information: >>=20 >> See [FRAN] and [SPIN]. >>=20 >> Revision Information: >>=20 >> None >>=20 >> _______________________________________________ >> urn mailing list >> urn@ietf.org >> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn --Apple-Mail=_D7AC097D-43BD-4194-8213-A74DD3F776A4 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 =09 =09

 Dear All,

   thanks a lot = everyone for the global revision of the urn-lex draft and for your useful comments on the document. We have finalized the = analysis of most of them, therefore we send you here below a sum-up of the interventions we would like to provide to the document.

We will be back with feedback to the most recent comments = from Sabrina=E2=80=99s and Juha=E2=80=99s in a following = email.
=09 =09

We grouped comments with respect to each reviewer and, for each remark, = we provide:

  • a synthesis of the requests (Req:)

  • our answers (Ans:)

  • arguments for a further analysis (To Deepen:)


In case approved we will prepare a draft v.12 accordingly, to be then validated.

Please let us know how to proceeed or any additional remarks.=20

Thanks again for your collaboration

best regards

=20

Pierluigi and Enrico



******************************

Dale's comments

******************************

A. Major items


1. Annex A: Use of alfanum, etc.

Req: Simplifying syntax with non-terminal elements

Ans: We will simplify the syntax in the direction required


2. Sez. 4.4: How are non-ASCII characters to be = handled?

Req: Different management of non-ASCII characters in different sections. UTF-8% encoded or punycode incompatible

Ans: strongly recommend the use of ASCII base. In this case we can = use a straightforward DNS query for routing. In case this solution is = unacceptable for a jurisdiction: use UTF-8% encoded in URNs and use punycode conversion in DNS. In this case, the = jurisdiction has to implement a software conversion as an interface for = DDDS


3. Sez. 3.2: Compatibility with RFC 2141 and use of = "~"

Req: character "~" not allowed in RFC 2141

Ans: declare that the syntax conforms to RFC 8141


To Deepen: For backward compatibility, the "/", previously prohibited in URNs, is reserved for future use, then we can remove the = "/" from prohibited characters and include it in "future expansions"


4. Sez. 11.2: The pseudo-TLD ".lex"

Req: it no longer works if .lex is assigned

Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa"


5. Sez. 6.7: Dealing with publishers

Req: Possible issues if an event is assigned by an editor independently

To Deepen: By joining the federated system, a publisher accepts the urn-lex rules. The Jurisdictional Registrar (Section 7.2) provides = guidelines and monitors their application

Req: Domain Name Editor: persistence of the manifestation = depends on the publisher

To Deepen: Common problem with all components where a domain name = is indicated. Think of a solution through aliases


B. Minor points


6. Abstract

Req: World Wide Web Consortium reference for resource identification

Ans: Replace W3C with IETF


7. Sez. 1.1: The Purpose of Namespace "lex"

Req: Useful when mapped on HTTP URLs and not URIs

To Deepen: we often talk about http uri. Maybe we can emphasize its = function as identifier rather than as locator.  The identifier is often not an absolute URL


8. Sez. 1.4: General Characteristics of the = System

Req: SHOULD seems more appropriate than MUST

Ans: replace "must" with "should"


9. Sez. 2: Syntax label

Req: The syntax and semantics of components r- and q- are not defined in the document

Ans: after: "... introduced by [RFC8141]" insert: "The use of = r- and q- components with LEX URNs is not defined in this document. But they provide new ... "


10. Sect. 2: Documentation

Req: better replace "none" with a reference to the same document

Ans: replace "none" with: "The details of the syntax, = semantics and use of LEX URNs are given in [this RFC]."


11. Sect. 3.1: Identifier structure

Req: Capitalization of Section Title: non-consistent = document

To Deepen: Check rules for writing section titles


Req: representation of non-ASCII characters in RFCs

Ans: right: the guidelines suggest using the Unicode = convention U + XXXX


12. Examples

Req: Are the examples shown real or hypothetical?

Ans: Include the following: "All URN examples in the document are hypothetical"


13. Sez. 5.3: Ordinal Numbers

Req: To clarify whether it is Western or Eastern Arabic = numbers

Ans: add "Western" before "Arabic numbers"


14. Sez. 6.1: Basic Principles

Req: substitution suggestion of "by parser" with "from parser"

Ans: replace "by parser" with "from parser"


15. Sez. 6.7: Structure of the Document Identifier at Manifestation Level

Req: syntax ambiguity: with only one element, it is not clear whether it is component or feature

Ans: Correct syntax according to Dale's suggestions in the = presence of features, component (if absent) is set to "all" (whole document)


16. Sez. 6.8: Sources of Law References

Req: Partition ID indicates an element and not a simple = location

To Deepen: It is true, but it depends on the level of granularity = of the identification systems (documents or also partitions?).


17. Sez. 8.1: The General Architecture of the = System

Req: Incomplete reference: RFC 3403 only defines NAPTR records

Ans: Add reference to RFC 3405 explaining why the = lex.urn.arpa domain is created


18. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration

Req: missing the description of the registry structure

Ans: Specify format and examples of the registry of = jurisdiction codes


19. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of = the "lex" namespace

Req: Reported several errors or ambiguities: lowercase; body/function/office, component/feature, ...

Ans: review the syntax, according to Dale's suggestions. Test = the syntax with a parser


20. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of = the "lex" namespace

Req: syntax error for % encoded

To Deepen: Correct the % encoded syntax (see RFC 3261 = par.25.1)


21. Annex A, Sec. B1.4 (Indication of the Body) and B1.5 (Indication of the Function)

Req: ambiguity between body / function / office

Ans: Correct syntax to eliminate ambiguities


22. Annex D and D1: Http-based LEX identifier

Req: HTTP and non-HTTP-based

Ans: delete "based"


Req: Same names used for http and urn elements: same semantics but different syntax

To Deepen: Use same names in http and urn elements, maybe change delimiters


23. Sez. D1: Http-based URI

Req: Wrong Link to Linked Data

To Deepen: Correct reference to Linked Data



******************************

Paul's comments

******************************


A. Major items


24. Scope of the document

Req: Doc. describes not only URN but a fully federated = system. Better divide the two documents

To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of the discussion


25. Name or query?

Req: Doc. also describes how to use URNs as a query, = incompatibility with URNs

To Deepen: Document: URN Full and Unique; references: URN incomplete, but useful (see e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20)


B. Minor points


26. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration

Req: Re-assigning ccTLD: using the solution of international institutions?

Ans: The Registry of Jurisdiction Codes solves this problem. = If the ccTLD was reassigned, the old assignment remains in the log. If = it was already assigned, the applicant should choose a different one


Req: <name> .lex is no longer valid if .lex is = assigned

Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" (see answer to Dale=E2=80=99s remark n.4)



27. Full utility of this URN form

Req: it seems that a browser plugin in needed

To Deepen: The DDDS for URNs is fully described in various RFCs (3401-05). However, to the best of our knowledge, the "urn:" schema is not recognized by browsers, the most widely used tool for accessing information. Therefore, to activate a = resolution process from a native reference as "... href =3D =E2=80=98urn: ...=E2=80=99 ", there are 2 possibilities:

        1. Develop a browser plug-in, that can recognize the urn = schema. Such a plug-in could route the urn to a service, active on one = (or more) servers, which is able to walk through the DNS chain and = return the address of the resolver (typically via http);

        2. Transform a native urn reference to an http one = (like: ... href =3D "httReq: // <service>?urn: ..."), through a pre-processor or style sheet, = where the urn is a parameter of the call to the service = previously described.


    =

Req: = Move the solution in a separate document

To Deepen: Postpone the decision to the end of this review


28. = Sez. 4.4: Use of = Punycode

Req: = The syntax has to be revised for the non-ASCII. It includes %-encoding but not punycode

Ans: Use UTF-8 %encoded within a URN; convert = punycode in the DNS (see Dale point 2.)



29. = Sez. 6.7: Ambiguity = between components and features

Req: syntax ambiguity: with = one element it is not clear if it is a [component] or a [feature]

Ans: get rid of the syntax ambiguity in the manifestazione (see Dale's point 15.)


30. Annex D: Http-based LEX = identifier

Req: it seems unuseful, there are no references: remove or incorporate in another doc=20

To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of this revision phase



31. Name or query? (Answer to Alexey)

Req: = it is difficult to separate naming rules from the resolution aspects: split the document in two?

Req: there are several elements which are difficult to identify by a user = and drive you to the = construction of different URNs

To Deepen: a document has always a complete and unequivocal URN; a reference can have an incomplete URN, nevertheless useful for a retrieval service. (See also the mail sent to Dale on 9/20)


32. Name or query? = (Answer to Enrico=E2=80=99s email)

Req: The user attempts to build a URN by some metadata he knows. The input URN is not actually a URN to the document under analysis - it is a query for some documents

To Deepen: In the RFC we can better clarify the case of 1) a complete and unequivocal URN as document identifier; 2) an = incomplete URN but still useful for retrieval and that can  be used in references (See also the e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20)





---------------------------------------------------------
Enrico Francesconi
ITTIG - CNR
Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques
Italian National Research Council

Via de' Barucci 20
50127 Florence
Italy

Tel: +39-055-4399-665
Fax: +39-055-4399-605
email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it
---------------------------------------------------------
=

On 21 set 2017, at 09:57, Hakala, Juha E <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi> wrote:

Hello,=

I have a few comments.

Mandate

Based on the I-D, it is = not clear to me what mandate ITTIG-CNR has. URN:LEX would complement = existing systems; for instance in Finland laws are identified with cool = URIs. For instance, English translation of Child welfare act can be = found from http://finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2007/en20070417.pdf. = In the short term there might not be much interest to implement urn:lex = in the Finlex system.

However, I do believe = that establishing a urn namespace to sources of law can be useful in the = long term.

Administration
ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness = of the <jurisdiction> element. In the level of country codes this = will be easy. But there may be a large number of sub-divisions within = each country, and also organization-based sub-divisions. If urn:lex = becomes popular, it may be a substantial task to maintain = <jurisdiction> and to support organizations in making their = urn:lex identifiers actionable.

Has = ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the short term / long = term?   

Semantics and syntax

The template does not provide sufficient = information about the semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily = draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is very detailed in that respect.

Most URN namespaces (and traditional = identifiers) have relatively simple semantics. Identifiers may be = totally "dumb" (it is impossible to see from the NSS what the URN = identifies) and even if the identifier has some semantic like ISBN, = things are kept simple (for those in the know, ISBN reveals the country = and the publisher). Other persistent identifier system are even more = extreme when it comes to semantics: identifiers in ARK, Handle and DOI = are usually dumb, and recommend strongly that all semantics should be = avoided.

URNs from proposed urn:lex = namespace may contain a lot of information about the identified = resource. For instance, I-D contains an example URN like this:

urn:lex:eu:tibunal.justicia:sentencia:2009-06-11;33-08@original= :es$text-html:juradmin.eu;jurifast:todo:anonimo

It may be difficult, both for humans and applications, to = make sense of this.

ITTIG might consider = making NSS simpler, and including at least some of the information which = is now embedded in NSS (such as date and file format) into metadata = records that would accompany URN:LEX identifiers. Having a lot of = semantics in the NSS may overload the resolvers with tasks which should = be done by passing a request to an appropriate target system. It is also = more challenging to develop assignment rules for a very semantic = identifier system, and to be able to use such system correctly. =    

As regards syntax, I am = concerned about un-encoded use of @ to indicate an expression of a work: =

local-name =3D work ["@" expression] ["$" = manifestation]

Resolution

ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution = service for urn:lex. That is necessary for organization-based = sub-domains. But for country-code based subdomains such as urn:lex:fi, = resolvers may be established in the national level (just as in country = code based sub-domains of urn:nbn). Generally, if it is not necessary to = establish a global resolver service for a namespace, it is better to = decentralize, since otherwise there will be a single point of failure. =

It would of course be possible to harvest = URN - URL mapping tables from national lex resolvers into the central = resolver maintained by ITTIG-CNR.

All the = best,   

Juha

-----Original = Message-----
From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Alexey = Melnikov
Sent: 20. syyskuuta 2017 15:13
To: = urn@ietf.org
Cc: draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org
Subject: = [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX

Hi,
as responsible AD for = draft-spinosa-urn-lex, I would like to request Expert
Review= for a new URN Namespace.
The registration template was = extracted from draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11:

=      Namespace Identifier:

        "lex" = requested according to [RFC8141].

=      Version:

=         1.0

     Date:

=         2017-05-25

     Registrant:

=         Institute of Legal = Information Theory and Techniques (ITTIG)
=         Italian National = Research Council (CNR)
=         Via de' Barucci, 20
        50127 = Florence
=         Italy
=         e-mail: lex@ittig.cnr.it
        phone: +39 = 055 43995

=         contact: Enrico = Francesconi
=         e-mail: enrico.francesconi@ittig.cnr.it

     Purpose:

        The purpose = of the "lex" namespace is to assign an unequivocal
=         identifier, in standard = format, to documents that are sources
=         of law.

        In the last = few years a number of institutional initiatives
=         have arisen in the field = of legal document management. They
=         were aimed at = introducing standards for sources of law
=         description and = identification using XML and URI techniques,
=         respectively (for more = details see Section 1.3) LEX identifier
=         is conceived to be = general enough, so to provide guidance at
=         the core of the standard = and sufficient flexibility to cover a
=         wide variety of needs = for identifying all the legal documents
=         of different nature, = namely legislative, case-law and
=         administrative acts. = Moreover, it can be effectively used
=         within a federative = environment where different publishers
=         (public and private) can = provide their own items of an act
=         (that is there is more = than one manifestation of the same act).

=         The LEX identifier is = conceived to be: globally unique,
=         transparent, = bidirectional, persistent, location-independent,
=         and language-neutral. It = is organized into parts. The first
=         part uses a = predetermined standard to specify the country (or
=         more generally the = jurisdiction) of origin for the legal
=         document being = identified; the remainder is intended for local
=         use in identifying = documents issued in that country or
=         jurisdiction. This = second part depends only on sources of law
=         identification system = operating in that nation. For more
=         details on the nature of = the LEX characteristics and the
=         general internal = organization, see Section 1.4.

=         The LEX name is linked = to the document through specific meta-
=         information, internally = (with a tag) or externally (with a
=         attribute) (for details = on this see Section 1.5)

=         LEX names will be used = on a large scale in references either in
=         (X)HTML document or, = more generally, in XML documents format
=         compliant with the = relative DTD/XMLSchema (see Section 1.6 for
=         more information).

     Syntax:

=         The identifier has a = hierarchical structure as follows:

=             &n= bsp;           &nbs= p;   "urn:lex:" NSS

=         where <NSS> is the = Namespace Specific String composed as
=         follows:
=             &n= bsp;     NSS =3D jurisdiction ":" local-name

=         where:

=         <jurisdiction> is = the part providing the identification of the
=         jurisdiction, generally = corresponding to the country, where the
=         source of law is issued. = It is also possible to represent
=         international = organizations (either states or public
=         administrations or = private entities);

=         <local-name> is = the uniform name of the source of law in the
=         country or jurisdiction = where it is issued; its internal
=         structure is common to = the already adopted schemas. It is able
=         to represent all the = aspects of an intellectual production, as
=         it is a legal document, = from its initial idea, through its
=         evolution during the = time, to its realisation by different
=         means (paper, digital, = etc.).

=         LEX specifications gives = information on the internal structure
=         of both = <jurisdiction> and <local-name>, including
=         specifications about = case sensitivity, the use of national
=         characters and = diacritics, as well as spaces, connectives,
=         punctuation marks, = abbreviations, acronyms, date formats and
=         ordinal numbers. For = more details on the internal structure and
=         syntax of the LEX = identifier, see Section 3, 4 and 5.

=         Recently the r- and q- = components have been introduced by
=         [RFC8141]. They provide = new and interesting perspectives when
=         using URNs in a complex = sector as sources of law, characterized
=         by different versions, = languages, publishers, and so on. In
=         particular, by using the = r-component at the resolver level, and
=         therefore at the whole = NSS level, you can select from the same
=         work only expressions = written in a given language, or
=         manifestations published = by a particular institutional site,
=         etc. Using the = q-component at the act metadata level, you can
=         select versions that are = valid at a particular date, or
=         modified by a specific = act, etc.

=      Assignment:

=         The Jurisdictional = Registrar (or those it delegates) of each
=         adhering country or = organization is responsible of the
=         definition or acceptance = of the uniform name's primary elements
=         (issuing authority and = type of legal measure).

=         Any country or = jurisdiction, aiming to adopt this schema,
=         identifies a = Jurisdictional Registrar, an organization which
=         shares and defines the = structure of the optional part of the
=         name, according to the = organization of the state or
=         institution. The process = of assigning the <local-name> will be
=         managed by each specific = country or jurisdiction under the
=         related = <jurisdiction> element (details on this can be found in
        Section = 7.2).

=         Identifiers in the "lex" = namespace are defined through a
=         <jurisdiction> = element assigned to the sources of law of a
=         specific country or = organization, and a <local-name> assigned
=         by the issuing = authority. The goal of the LEX schema is to
=         maintain uniqueness and = persistence of all resources identified
=         by the assigned URNs. = The elements values for the LEX
=         identifier within a = jurisdiction are defined by the
=         Jurisdictional = Registrar, this ensures that the constructed
=         URNs are unique (see = Section 7.3 for details on uniqueness).

=         The persistence of = identifiers depends on the durability of the
=         institutions that assign = and administer them (see Section 7.3
=         for details on = persitence)

=      Security and Privacy:

        This = document introduces no additional security considerations
=         beyond those associated = with the use and resolution of URNs in
=         general.
     Interoperability:

=         As open standard naming = convention to identify sources of law
=         at international level, = LEX is meant to guarantee
=         interoperability among = legal information systems across
=         national boundaries.

=         The characteristics of = the LEX naming convention facilitate
=         legal document = management as well as provide a mechanism of
=         stable cross-collections = and cross-country references, thus
=         allowing the = distribution of the legal information towards a
=         federated = architecture.

=      Resolution:

=         The resolution service = associates a LEX identifier with a
=         specific document = address on the net. The related system will
=         have a distributed = architecture based on two fundamental
=         components: a chain of = information in DNS (Domain Name System)
=         and a series of = resolution services from URNs to URLs, each
=         competent within a = specific domain of the namespace (see
=         Section 8.1 for more = details).

=         To cope with possible = incomplete or inaccurate uniform names,
=         the implementation of a = catalogue, based on a relational-
=         database, able to = associate a URN to related URLs, is
=         suggested, as it will = lead to a higher flexibility in the
=         resolution process. A = resolver can provide names normalization,
=         completion of inaccurate = or incomplete names, and finally their
=         resolution in network = locations (see Section 8.2 and 8.3 for
=         characteristics and = behaviour of a catalogue for resolution).

=      Documentation:

=         None

     Additional Information:

=         See [FRAN] and = [SPIN].

=      Revision Information:

        None

_______________________________________________
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= --Apple-Mail=_D7AC097D-43BD-4194-8213-A74DD3F776A4-- From nobody Thu Oct 12 14:27:26 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id C4BDC13307B; Thu, 12 Oct 2017 14:27:23 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -2.398 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-2.398 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, FREEMAIL_FORGED_FROMDOMAIN=0.199, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001, HEADER_FROM_DIFFERENT_DOMAINS=0.001, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW=-0.7, SPF_PASS=-0.001, URIBL_BLOCKED=0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Authentication-Results: ietfa.amsl.com (amavisd-new); dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id t5hRh93RRpE2; Thu, 12 Oct 2017 14:27:18 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-wm0-x22a.google.com (mail-wm0-x22a.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:400c:c09::22a]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id B15C8134292; Thu, 12 Oct 2017 14:27:17 -0700 (PDT) Received: by mail-wm0-x22a.google.com with SMTP id u138so16846234wmu.4; Thu, 12 Oct 2017 14:27:17 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=sender:mime-version:subject:from:in-reply-to:date:cc:message-id :references:to; bh=4at4xtWVPJr6Z5JDiNCdfcWpI/tWJWpjw7g3dqF2xuY=; b=P3F8e/ll+PCF62nX1BWD2y27x0+kdu7PFn1LQ7zprQPexAVZdbllM7Dind+m1PHzAp nBn+kdSR2x1ZZSQG4YA+o/CO5g+CezqCLACAosC5gJFOYys76H/Mto3fQ1rwbhb1LLUr 2uvGh9Pwav3gHvarc2ZJMLTIkeATNxUtN4S6CYsF5E6ihBh6paBn8k6EeNWONYchgIWD 0QU6LX1zLruphSa9wD/Oh2rZOb6yxNqlcnO18XLc4UNfbedH8zxiZAGgXyyTC2MX/voQ XMge1uaybgONexXM4HV39iU/ubSVEqLbdjBK8bAYzQBtU7mERgV3Yq45ErkjZ3UO+LB9 4xsQ== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:sender:mime-version:subject:from:in-reply-to :date:cc:message-id:references:to; bh=4at4xtWVPJr6Z5JDiNCdfcWpI/tWJWpjw7g3dqF2xuY=; b=phGU6bldmF6cfdh44jQz9ZO2HImdH6YcqAhu+WYPL4f7fuWhhGx3Y5Xtxi6/KZyIwU x9J/wDGs2lbDzzsDTtW7eFYFELDh9TZtftJwu7cPVbrn5FOd97uJniu1UXTLu9VyaNYn wiSmbTRY0bJZdCy6Zt/jbt8FsWUV3bXLaot867iS8HAEVZ7Dk0YSWTaelCq2znO7gbh6 R0xH+CNDYAhOYdbCxnfP/JrOWV1q7JtU1RqPsPCOA/7hkRM0QZNDkO3SbKHUIvQxWbE4 DLwO+L+DD5VH7gBfbzXoCtWyaplDKAUjI+Kb/oau1E1UdyW5NLYMBMgu7eyY8rPGaOtL Ho0g== X-Gm-Message-State: AMCzsaXQFwN1kVzPMtZ+z2wtVCi8cxXg4VJ/K+vEt5QY5+u/bcdofMyt 5aFmtNXXlFRKujARfD0L8PnfigDr X-Google-Smtp-Source: AOwi7QAj+h/H6X6pYHcq4uwE1G7rfe3+qlGUcF648YXQYYmOMEzsbWkrmmSxFUlbFrzfyPH/ockUmw== X-Received: by 10.80.137.82 with SMTP id f18mr4259559edf.202.1507843635451; Thu, 12 Oct 2017 14:27:15 -0700 (PDT) Received: from [192.168.0.3] ([94.103.212.185]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id y13sm2776131edm.96.2017.10.12.14.27.13 (version=TLS1 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA bits=128/128); Thu, 12 Oct 2017 14:27:13 -0700 (PDT) Sender: Enrico Francesconi Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Apple-Mail=_40AF5321-9223-469E-9CDC-5F43BF6FF57E" Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 9.0 \(3094\)) From: Enrico Francesconi In-Reply-To: <59D492AC-FEC7-48D9-84B6-614BB0B0223D@ittig.cnr.it> Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 23:27:12 +0200 Cc: Alexey Melnikov , "urn@ietf.org" , Pierluigi Spinosa , "Hakala, Juha E" Message-Id: <2AC1F018-9E90-4071-928C-2803AD1290E0@ittig.cnr.it> References: <1505909590.1544977.1112321704.5FEB92F9@webmail.messagingengine.com> <59D492AC-FEC7-48D9-84B6-614BB0B0223D@ittig.cnr.it> To: "draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org" X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3094) Archived-At: Subject: Re: [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX X-BeenThere: urn@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: Revisions to URN RFCs List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2017 21:27:24 -0000 --Apple-Mail=_40AF5321-9223-469E-9CDC-5F43BF6FF57E Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Dear All, as agreed please find below our replies to the remaining remarks, = those of Sabrina and Juha. We will then proceed by including the = proposed changes in the new draft. Also these new replies have been grouped with respect to each reviewer = and, for each remark, we provide: a synthesis of the requests (Req:) our answers (Ans:) arguments for a further analysis (To Deepen:) Best regards Pierluigi and Enrico ****************************** Sabrina=E2=80=99s comments ****************************** 33. urn NID registry Req: Expert review should be completed before your document can be = approved for publication as an RFC Ans: waiting for the conclusion of the revision 34. Sect. 11.1 - NAPTR records Req: approval of the IAB to implement NAPTR records. Is the host = lex.ittig.cnr.it guaranteed for a long term? To Deepen: We can contact other institutions able to guarantee long-term = maintenance of a hostname, ex. =E2=80=9Cregistro.it=E2=80=9D, the CNR = (Italian National Research Council) service which provides registration = of the domain names .it and .eu Req: It might be better to document the approach in such a way that that = exact form of the NAPTR record is not in the I-D Ans: provide only a generic information, ex. dns-lex.foo 35. Jurisdiction codes registry Req: Where should this new registry be located? Should it be added to an = existing registry page? If not, does it belong in an existing category at http://www.iana.org/protocols? To Deepen: see point 18, anyway at the beginning there are no records in = it 36. Final operations Req: only when the RFC will be approved Ans: we=E2=80=99ll wait the final RFC approval ****************************** Juha=E2=80=99s comments ****************************** 37. Mandate Req: Based on the I-D, it is not clear what mandate ITTIG-CNR has.=20 Would URN:LEX complement existing systems? Establishing a urn namespace to sources of law can be useful in the long = term. Ans: No specific mandate: this is a proposal for a global namespace = which every system can adhere to 38. Administration Req: ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness of the = =20 element. Req: In the level of country codes this will be easy. But there may be a = large number of sub- divisions within each country, and also organization-based = sub-divisions. If urn:lex becomes popular, it may be a substantial task = to maintain and to support organizations in making their = urn:lex identifiers actionable. Has ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the short term / = long term? Ans: The responsibility of maintaing jurisdiction codes will be = distributed at the level of each=20 jurisdiction, according to a federative de-centralized approach (see = sect. 7.2) 39. Semantic and syntax Req: The template does not provide sufficient information about the = semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is = very detailed in that respect. Most URN namespaces (and traditional = identifiers) have relatively simple semantics. Identifiers may be = totally "dumb" (it is impossible to see from the NSS what the URN = identifies) and even if the identifier has some semantic like ISBN, = things are kept simple (for those in the know, ISBN reveals the country = and the publisher) URNs from proposed urn:lex namespace may contain a = lot of information about the identified resource It may be difficult, = both for humans and applications, to make sense of this. Ans: The suggested metadata are necessary to guarantee, unequivocal = identifiers, nevertheless not all of them are mandatory. In the = references, only metadata at the level of Work are required (see email = on 9/20 in response to Dale=E2=80=99s remarks) Req: Having a lot of semantics in the NSS may overload the resolvers = with tasks which should be done by passing a request to an appropriate = target system. It is also more challenging to develop assignment rules = for a very semantic identifier system, and to be able to use such=20 system correctly Ans: the hierarchical structure paves the way to a structured resolution = (see e-mail to Dale on=20 9/20) Req: As regards syntax, concerns about un-encoded use of @ to indicate = an expression of a work To Deepen: not clear the motivations 40. Resolution Req: ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution service for = urn:lex. Better one for each jurisdiction Ans: Actually not. The idea is to de-centralize the system, starting = from the jurisdiction,=20 until the issuing authority. We will emphasize Sections 8.1 and 8.2 Req: It would of course be possible to harvest URN - URL mapping tables = from national lex=20 resolvers into the central resolver maintained by ITTIG-CNR. Ans: Currently it is not foreseen --------------------------------------------------------- Enrico Francesconi ITTIG - CNR Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques Italian National Research Council Via de' Barucci 20 50127 Florence Italy Tel: +39-055-4399-665 Fax: +39-055-4399-605 email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it --------------------------------------------------------- > On 06 ott 2017, at 21:00, Enrico Francesconi = wrote: >=20 > Dear All, > thanks a lot everyone for the global revision of the urn-lex draft = and for your useful comments on the document. We have finalized the = analysis of most of them, therefore we send you here below a sum-up of = the interventions we would like to provide to the document. > We will be back with feedback to the most recent comments from = Sabrina=E2=80=99s and Juha=E2=80=99s in a following email. > We grouped comments with respect to each reviewer and, for each = remark, we provide: > a synthesis of the requests (Req:) > our answers (Ans:) > arguments for a further analysis (To Deepen:) >=20 > In case approved we will prepare a draft v.12 accordingly, to be then = validated. > Please let us know how to proceeed or any additional remarks. > Thanks again for your collaboration > best regards >=20 > Pierluigi and Enrico >=20 >=20 > ****************************** > Dale's comments > ****************************** > A. Major items >=20 > 1. Annex A: Use of alfanum, etc. > Req: Simplifying syntax with non-terminal elements > Ans: We will simplify the syntax in the direction required >=20 > 2. Sez. 4.4: How are non-ASCII characters to be handled? > Req: Different management of non-ASCII characters in different = sections. UTF-8% encoded or punycode incompatible > Ans: strongly recommend the use of ASCII base. In this case we can use = a straightforward DNS query for routing. In case this solution is = unacceptable for a jurisdiction: use UTF-8% encoded in URNs and use = punycode conversion in DNS. In this case, the jurisdiction has to = implement a software conversion as an interface for DDDS >=20 > 3. Sez. 3.2: Compatibility with RFC 2141 and use of "~" > Req: character "~" not allowed in RFC 2141 > Ans: declare that the syntax conforms to RFC 8141 >=20 > To Deepen: For backward compatibility, the "/", previously prohibited = in URNs, is reserved for future use, then we can remove the "/" from = prohibited characters and include it in "future expansions" >=20 > 4. Sez. 11.2: The pseudo-TLD ".lex" > Req: it no longer works if .lex is assigned > Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" >=20 > 5. Sez. 6.7: Dealing with publishers > Req: Possible issues if an event is assigned by an editor = independently > To Deepen: By joining the federated system, a publisher accepts the = urn-lex rules. The Jurisdictional Registrar (Section 7.2) provides = guidelines and monitors their application > Req: Domain Name Editor: persistence of the manifestation depends on = the publisher > To Deepen: Common problem with all components where a domain name is = indicated. Think of a solution through aliases >=20 > B. Minor points >=20 > 6. Abstract > Req: World Wide Web Consortium reference for resource identification > Ans: Replace W3C with IETF >=20 > 7. Sez. 1.1: The Purpose of Namespace "lex" > Req: Useful when mapped on HTTP URLs and not URIs > To Deepen: we often talk about http uri. Maybe we can emphasize its = function as identifier rather than as locator. The identifier is often = not an absolute URL >=20 > 8. Sez. 1.4: General Characteristics of the System > Req: SHOULD seems more appropriate than MUST > Ans: replace "must" with "should" >=20 > 9. Sez. 2: Syntax label > Req: The syntax and semantics of components r- and q- are not defined = in the document > Ans: after: "... introduced by [RFC8141]" insert: "The use of r- and = q- components with LEX URNs is not defined in this document. But they = provide new ... " >=20 > 10. Sect. 2: Documentation > Req: better replace "none" with a reference to the same document > Ans: replace "none" with: "The details of the syntax, semantics and = use of LEX URNs are given in [this RFC]." >=20 > 11. Sect. 3.1: Identifier structure > Req: Capitalization of Section Title: non-consistent document > To Deepen: Check rules for writing section titles >=20 > Req: representation of non-ASCII characters in RFCs > Ans: right: the guidelines suggest using the Unicode convention U + = XXXX >=20 > 12. Examples > Req: Are the examples shown real or hypothetical? > Ans: Include the following: "All URN examples in the document are = hypothetical" >=20 > 13. Sez. 5.3: Ordinal Numbers > Req: To clarify whether it is Western or Eastern Arabic numbers > Ans: add "Western" before "Arabic numbers" >=20 > 14. Sez. 6.1: Basic Principles > Req: substitution suggestion of "by parser" with "from parser" > Ans: replace "by parser" with "from parser" >=20 > 15. Sez. 6.7: Structure of the Document Identifier at Manifestation = Level > Req: syntax ambiguity: with only one element, it is not clear whether = it is component or feature > Ans: Correct syntax according to Dale's suggestions in the presence of = features, component (if absent) is set to "all" (whole document) >=20 > 16. Sez. 6.8: Sources of Law References > Req: Partition ID indicates an element and not a simple location > To Deepen: It is true, but it depends on the level of granularity of = the identification systems (documents or also partitions?). >=20 > 17. Sez. 8.1: The General Architecture of the System > Req: Incomplete reference: RFC 3403 only defines NAPTR records > Ans: Add reference to RFC 3405 explaining why the lex.urn.arpa domain = is created >=20 > 18. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration > Req: missing the description of the registry structure > Ans: Specify format and examples of the registry of jurisdiction codes >=20 > 19. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of the "lex" = namespace > Req: Reported several errors or ambiguities: lowercase; = body/function/office, component/feature, ... > Ans: review the syntax, according to Dale's suggestions. Test the = syntax with a parser >=20 > 20. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of the "lex" = namespace > Req: syntax error for % encoded > To Deepen: Correct the % encoded syntax (see RFC 3261 par.25.1) >=20 > 21. Annex A, Sec. B1.4 (Indication of the Body) and B1.5 (Indication = of the Function) > Req: ambiguity between body / function / office > Ans: Correct syntax to eliminate ambiguities >=20 > 22. Annex D and D1: Http-based LEX identifier > Req: HTTP and non-HTTP-based > Ans: delete "based" >=20 > Req: Same names used for http and urn elements: same semantics but = different syntax > To Deepen: Use same names in http and urn elements, maybe change = delimiters >=20 > 23. Sez. D1: Http-based URI > Req: Wrong Link to Linked Data > To Deepen: Correct reference to Linked Data >=20 >=20 > ****************************** > Paul's comments > ****************************** >=20 > A. Major items >=20 > 24. Scope of the document > Req: Doc. describes not only URN but a fully federated system. Better = divide the two documents > To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of the discussion >=20 > 25. Name or query? > Req: Doc. also describes how to use URNs as a query, incompatibility = with URNs > To Deepen: Document: URN Full and Unique; references: URN incomplete, = but useful (see e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20) >=20 > B. Minor points >=20 > 26. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration > Req: Re-assigning ccTLD: using the solution of international = institutions? > Ans: The Registry of Jurisdiction Codes solves this problem. If the = ccTLD was reassigned, the old assignment remains in the log. If it was = already assigned, the applicant should choose a different one >=20 > Req: .lex is no longer valid if .lex is assigned > Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" (see answer to Dale=E2=80=99s remark = n.4) >=20 >=20 > 27. Full utility of this URN form > Req: it seems that a browser plugin in needed > To Deepen: The DDDS for URNs is fully described in various RFCs = (3401-05). However, to the best of our knowledge, the "urn:" schema is = not recognized by browsers, the most widely used tool for accessing = information. Therefore, to activate a resolution process from a native = reference as "... href =3D =E2=80=98urn: ...=E2=80=99 ", there are 2 = possibilities: >=20 > 1. Develop a browser plug-in, that can recognize the urn schema. Such = a plug-in could route the urn to a service, active on one (or more) = servers, which is able to walk through the DNS chain and return the = address of the resolver (typically via http); >=20 > 2. Transform a native urn reference to an http one (like: ... href =3D = "httReq: // ?urn: ..."), through a pre-processor or style = sheet, where the urn is a parameter of the call to the service = previously described. >=20 >=20 > Req: Move the solution in a separate document >=20 > To Deepen: Postpone the decision to the end of this review >=20 >=20 > 28. Sez. 4.4: Use of Punycode >=20 > Req: The syntax has to be revised for the non-ASCII. It includes = %-encoding but not punycode >=20 > Ans: Use UTF-8 %encoded within a URN; convert punycode in the DNS (see = Dale point 2.) >=20 >=20 >=20 > 29. Sez. 6.7: Ambiguity between components and features >=20 > Req: syntax ambiguity: with one element it is not clear if it is a = [component] or a [feature] >=20 > Ans: get rid of the syntax ambiguity in the manifestazione (see Dale's = point 15.) >=20 >=20 > 30. Annex D: Http-based LEX identifier >=20 > Req: it seems unuseful, there are no references: remove or incorporate = in another doc >=20 > To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of this revision phase >=20 >=20 >=20 > 31. Name or query? (Answer to Alexey) > Req: it is difficult to separate naming rules from the resolution = aspects: split the document in two? > Req: there are several elements which are difficult to identify by a = user and drive you to the construction of different URNs > To Deepen: a document has always a complete and unequivocal URN; a = reference can have an incomplete URN, nevertheless useful for a = retrieval service. (See also the mail sent to Dale on 9/20) >=20 > 32. Name or query? (Answer to Enrico=E2=80=99s email) > Req: The user attempts to build a URN by some metadata he knows. The = input URN is not actually a URN to the document under analysis - it is a = query for some documents > To Deepen: In the RFC we can better clarify the case of 1) a complete = and unequivocal URN as document identifier; 2) an incomplete URN but = still useful for retrieval and that can be used in references (See also = the e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20) >=20 >=20 >=20 >=20 > --------------------------------------------------------- > Enrico Francesconi > ITTIG - CNR > Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques > Italian National Research Council >=20 > Via de' Barucci 20 > 50127 Florence > Italy >=20 > Tel: +39-055-4399-665 > Fax: +39-055-4399-605 > email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it > --------------------------------------------------------- >=20 >> On 21 set 2017, at 09:57, Hakala, Juha E > wrote: >>=20 >> Hello,=20 >>=20 >> I have a few comments.=20 >>=20 >> Mandate >>=20 >> Based on the I-D, it is not clear to me what mandate ITTIG-CNR has. = URN:LEX would complement existing systems; for instance in Finland laws = are identified with cool URIs. For instance, English translation of = Child welfare act can be found from = http://finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2007/en20070417.pdf = . In the short = term there might not be much interest to implement urn:lex in the Finlex = system. >>=20 >> However, I do believe that establishing a urn namespace to sources of = law can be useful in the long term.=20 >>=20 >> Administration=20 >>=20 >> ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness of the = element. In the level of country codes this will be easy. = But there may be a large number of sub-divisions within each country, = and also organization-based sub-divisions. If urn:lex becomes popular, = it may be a substantial task to maintain and to support = organizations in making their urn:lex identifiers actionable.=20 >>=20 >> Has ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the short term = / long term? =20 >>=20 >> Semantics and syntax=20 >>=20 >> The template does not provide sufficient information about the = semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is = very detailed in that respect.=20 >>=20 >> Most URN namespaces (and traditional identifiers) have relatively = simple semantics. Identifiers may be totally "dumb" (it is impossible to = see from the NSS what the URN identifies) and even if the identifier has = some semantic like ISBN, things are kept simple (for those in the know, = ISBN reveals the country and the publisher). Other persistent identifier = system are even more extreme when it comes to semantics: identifiers in = ARK, Handle and DOI are usually dumb, and recommend strongly that all = semantics should be avoided.=20 >>=20 >> URNs from proposed urn:lex namespace may contain a lot of information = about the identified resource. For instance, I-D contains an example URN = like this:=20 >>=20 >> = urn:lex:eu:tibunal.justicia:sentencia:2009-06-11;33-08@original:es$text-ht= ml:juradmin.eu;jurifast:todo:anonimo=20 >>=20 >> It may be difficult, both for humans and applications, to make sense = of this.=20 >>=20 >> ITTIG might consider making NSS simpler, and including at least some = of the information which is now embedded in NSS (such as date and file = format) into metadata records that would accompany URN:LEX identifiers. = Having a lot of semantics in the NSS may overload the resolvers with = tasks which should be done by passing a request to an appropriate target = system. It is also more challenging to develop assignment rules for a = very semantic identifier system, and to be able to use such system = correctly. =20 >>=20 >> As regards syntax, I am concerned about un-encoded use of @ to = indicate an expression of a work:=20 >>=20 >> local-name =3D work ["@" expression] ["$" manifestation] >>=20 >> Resolution >>=20 >> ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution service for = urn:lex. That is necessary for organization-based sub-domains. But for = country-code based subdomains such as urn:lex:fi, resolvers may be = established in the national level (just as in country code based = sub-domains of urn:nbn). Generally, if it is not necessary to establish = a global resolver service for a namespace, it is better to decentralize, = since otherwise there will be a single point of failure.=20 >>=20 >> It would of course be possible to harvest URN - URL mapping tables = from national lex resolvers into the central resolver maintained by = ITTIG-CNR.=20 >>=20 >> All the best, =20 >>=20 >> Juha >>=20 >>> -----Original Message----- >>> From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org = ] On Behalf Of Alexey Melnikov >>> Sent: 20. syyskuuta 2017 15:13 >>> To: urn@ietf.org >>> Cc: draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org = >>> Subject: [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX >>>=20 >>> Hi, >>> as responsible AD for draft-spinosa-urn-lex, I would like to request = Expert >>> Review for a new URN Namespace. >>> The registration template was extracted from = draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11: >>>=20 >>> Namespace Identifier: >>>=20 >>> "lex" requested according to [RFC8141]. >>>=20 >>> Version: >>>=20 >>> 1.0 >>>=20 >>> Date: >>>=20 >>> 2017-05-25 >>>=20 >>> Registrant: >>>=20 >>> Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques (ITTIG) >>> Italian National Research Council (CNR) >>> Via de' Barucci, 20 >>> 50127 Florence >>> Italy >>> e-mail: lex@ittig.cnr.it >>> phone: +39 055 43995 >>>=20 >>> contact: Enrico Francesconi >>> e-mail: enrico.francesconi@ittig.cnr.it = >>>=20 >>> Purpose: >>>=20 >>> The purpose of the "lex" namespace is to assign an = unequivocal >>> identifier, in standard format, to documents that are = sources >>> of law. >>>=20 >>> In the last few years a number of institutional initiatives >>> have arisen in the field of legal document management. They >>> were aimed at introducing standards for sources of law >>> description and identification using XML and URI techniques, >>> respectively (for more details see Section 1.3) LEX = identifier >>> is conceived to be general enough, so to provide guidance at >>> the core of the standard and sufficient flexibility to cover = a >>> wide variety of needs for identifying all the legal = documents >>> of different nature, namely legislative, case-law and >>> administrative acts. Moreover, it can be effectively used >>> within a federative environment where different publishers >>> (public and private) can provide their own items of an act >>> (that is there is more than one manifestation of the same = act). >>>=20 >>> The LEX identifier is conceived to be: globally unique, >>> transparent, bidirectional, persistent, = location-independent, >>> and language-neutral. It is organized into parts. The first >>> part uses a predetermined standard to specify the country = (or >>> more generally the jurisdiction) of origin for the legal >>> document being identified; the remainder is intended for = local >>> use in identifying documents issued in that country or >>> jurisdiction. This second part depends only on sources of = law >>> identification system operating in that nation. For more >>> details on the nature of the LEX characteristics and the >>> general internal organization, see Section 1.4. >>>=20 >>> The LEX name is linked to the document through specific = meta- >>> information, internally (with a tag) or externally (with a >>> attribute) (for details on this see Section 1.5) >>>=20 >>> LEX names will be used on a large scale in references either = in >>> (X)HTML document or, more generally, in XML documents format >>> compliant with the relative DTD/XMLSchema (see Section 1.6 = for >>> more information). >>>=20 >>> Syntax: >>>=20 >>> The identifier has a hierarchical structure as follows: >>>=20 >>> "urn:lex:" NSS >>>=20 >>> where is the Namespace Specific String composed as >>> follows: >>>=20 >>> NSS =3D jurisdiction ":" local-name >>>=20 >>> where: >>>=20 >>> is the part providing the identification of = the >>> jurisdiction, generally corresponding to the country, where = the >>> source of law is issued. It is also possible to represent >>> international organizations (either states or public >>> administrations or private entities); >>>=20 >>> is the uniform name of the source of law in the >>> country or jurisdiction where it is issued; its internal >>> structure is common to the already adopted schemas. It is = able >>> to represent all the aspects of an intellectual production, = as >>> it is a legal document, from its initial idea, through its >>> evolution during the time, to its realisation by different >>> means (paper, digital, etc.). >>>=20 >>> LEX specifications gives information on the internal = structure >>> of both and , including >>> specifications about case sensitivity, the use of national >>> characters and diacritics, as well as spaces, connectives, >>> punctuation marks, abbreviations, acronyms, date formats and >>> ordinal numbers. For more details on the internal structure = and >>> syntax of the LEX identifier, see Section 3, 4 and 5. >>>=20 >>> Recently the r- and q- components have been introduced by >>> [RFC8141]. They provide new and interesting perspectives = when >>> using URNs in a complex sector as sources of law, = characterized >>> by different versions, languages, publishers, and so on. In >>> particular, by using the r-component at the resolver level, = and >>> therefore at the whole NSS level, you can select from the = same >>> work only expressions written in a given language, or >>> manifestations published by a particular institutional site, >>> etc. Using the q-component at the act metadata level, you = can >>> select versions that are valid at a particular date, or >>> modified by a specific act, etc. >>>=20 >>> Assignment: >>>=20 >>> The Jurisdictional Registrar (or those it delegates) of each >>> adhering country or organization is responsible of the >>> definition or acceptance of the uniform name's primary = elements >>> (issuing authority and type of legal measure). >>>=20 >>> Any country or jurisdiction, aiming to adopt this schema, >>> identifies a Jurisdictional Registrar, an organization which >>> shares and defines the structure of the optional part of the >>> name, according to the organization of the state or >>> institution. The process of assigning the will = be >>> managed by each specific country or jurisdiction under the >>> related element (details on this can be found = in >>> Section 7.2). >>>=20 >>> Identifiers in the "lex" namespace are defined through a >>> element assigned to the sources of law of a >>> specific country or organization, and a = assigned >>> by the issuing authority. The goal of the LEX schema is to >>> maintain uniqueness and persistence of all resources = identified >>> by the assigned URNs. The elements values for the LEX >>> identifier within a jurisdiction are defined by the >>> Jurisdictional Registrar, this ensures that the constructed >>> URNs are unique (see Section 7.3 for details on uniqueness). >>>=20 >>> The persistence of identifiers depends on the durability of = the >>> institutions that assign and administer them (see Section = 7.3 >>> for details on persitence) >>>=20 >>> Security and Privacy: >>>=20 >>> This document introduces no additional security = considerations >>> beyond those associated with the use and resolution of URNs = in >>> general. >>>=20 >>> Interoperability: >>>=20 >>> As open standard naming convention to identify sources of = law >>> at international level, LEX is meant to guarantee >>> interoperability among legal information systems across >>> national boundaries. >>>=20 >>> The characteristics of the LEX naming convention facilitate >>> legal document management as well as provide a mechanism of >>> stable cross-collections and cross-country references, thus >>> allowing the distribution of the legal information towards a >>> federated architecture. >>>=20 >>> Resolution: >>>=20 >>> The resolution service associates a LEX identifier with a >>> specific document address on the net. The related system = will >>> have a distributed architecture based on two fundamental >>> components: a chain of information in DNS (Domain Name = System) >>> and a series of resolution services from URNs to URLs, each >>> competent within a specific domain of the namespace (see >>> Section 8.1 for more details). >>>=20 >>> To cope with possible incomplete or inaccurate uniform = names, >>> the implementation of a catalogue, based on a relational- >>> database, able to associate a URN to related URLs, is >>> suggested, as it will lead to a higher flexibility in the >>> resolution process. A resolver can provide names = normalization, >>> completion of inaccurate or incomplete names, and finally = their >>> resolution in network locations (see Section 8.2 and 8.3 for >>> characteristics and behaviour of a catalogue for = resolution). >>>=20 >>> Documentation: >>>=20 >>> None >>>=20 >>> Additional Information: >>>=20 >>> See [FRAN] and [SPIN]. >>>=20 >>> Revision Information: >>>=20 >>> None >>>=20 >>> _______________________________________________ >>> urn mailing list >>> urn@ietf.org >>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn >=20 --Apple-Mail=_40AF5321-9223-469E-9CDC-5F43BF6FF57E Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Dear All,
   as agreed please find = below our replies to the remaining remarks, those of Sabrina and Juha. = We will then proceed by including the proposed changes in the new = draft.

Also = these new replies have been grouped with respect to each reviewer and, = for each remark, we provide:

  • a synthesis of the requests (Req:)

  • our answers (Ans:)

  • arguments for a further analysis (To = Deepen:)

Best = regards
   Pierluigi and Enrico



=09 =09

******************************

Sabrina=E2=80=99s comments

******************************

33. urn NID registry

Req: Expert review should be completed before your document can be approved for publication as an RFC

Ans: waiting for the conclusion of the revision


34. Sect. 11.1 - NAPTR records

Req: approval of the IAB to implement NAPTR records. Is the host lex.ittig.cnr.it = guaranteed for a long term?

To Deepen: We can contact other institutions able to guarantee long-term maintenance of a hostname, ex. =E2=80=9Cregistro.it=E2=80=9D, the CNR = (Italian National Research Council) service which provides registration of the domain names .it and = .eu


Req: = It might be better to document the approach in such a way that that exact form of the NAPTR record is not in the I-D

Ans: provide only a generic information, ex. = dns-lex.foo


35. Jurisdiction codes registry


Req: Where should this new = registry be located? Should it be added to an existing = registry page? If not, does it belong in an existing
category at http://www.iana.org/protocols?

To Deepen: see point = 18, anyway at the beginning there are no records in it

36. Final = operations

Req: only when the RFC will be approved=20

Ans: we=E2=80=99ll wait the final RFC approval


******************************

Juha=E2=80=99s comments

******************************

37. Mandate

Req: Based on the I-D, it is not clear what mandate ITTIG-CNR = has. 

Would URN:LEX complement existing = systems?

Establishing a urn namespace to sources of law can be = useful in the long term.

Ans: No specific mandate: this is a proposal for a global namespace which every system can adhere to


38. Administration

Req: ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness of the <jurisdiction>
element.

Req: In the level of country codes this will be easy. But there may be a large number of sub-
divisions within each country, and also organization-based sub-divisions. If urn:lex becomes popular, it may be a substantial task to maintain <jurisdiction> and to support organizations  in making their urn:lex identifiers = actionable.

Has ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the short term / long term?=20

Ans: The responsibility of maintaing jurisdiction codes will be distributed at the level of each
jurisdiction, according to a federative de-centralized approach (see sect. 7.2)


39. Semantic and syntax

Req: The template does not provide sufficient information about the semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is = very detailed in that respect. Most URN namespaces (and traditional identifiers) have = relatively simple semantics. Identifiers may be totally "dumb" (it is impossible to see = from the NSS what the URN identifies) and even if the identifier has some semantic like = ISBN, things are kept simple (for those in the know, ISBN reveals the country and the publisher) URNs = from proposed urn:lex namespace may contain a lot of information about the identified resource It may be difficult, both for = humans and applications, to make sense of this.

Ans: The suggested metadata are necessary to guarantee, unequivocal identifiers, nevertheless not all of them are mandatory. In the = references, only metadata at the level of Work are required (see email on 9/20 in response to Dale=E2=80=99s remarks)


Req: Having a lot of semantics in the NSS may overload the resolvers with tasks which should be  done by passing a request to an appropriate target system. It is also more challenging to develop assignment rules for a very semantic identifier system, and to be able to use such
system correctly

Ans: the hierarchical structure paves the way to a structured resolution (see e-mail to Dale on
9/20)


Req: As regards syntax, concerns about un-encoded use of @ to indicate an expression of a work

To Deepen: not clear the motivations


40. Resolution

Req: ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution service for urn:lex. Better one for  each jurisdiction

Ans: Actually not. The idea is to de-centralize the system, starting from the jurisdiction,
until the issuing authority. We will emphasize Sections 8.1 and = 8.2


Req: It would of course be possible to harvest URN - URL mapping tables from national lex
resolvers into the central resolver maintained by ITTIG-CNR.=20

Ans: Currently it is not foreseen




---------------------------------------------------------
Enrico Francesconi
ITTIG - CNR
Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques
Italian National Research Council

Via de' Barucci 20
50127 Florence
Italy

Tel: +39-055-4399-665
Fax: +39-055-4399-605
email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it
---------------------------------------------------------
=

On 06 ott 2017, at 21:00, Enrico Francesconi <francesconi@ittig.cnr.it> wrote:

 Dear All,

   thanks a lot = everyone for the global revision of the urn-lex draft and for your useful comments on the document. We have finalized the = analysis of most of them, therefore we send you here below a sum-up of the interventions we would like to provide to the document.

We will be back with feedback to the most recent comments = from Sabrina=E2=80=99s and Juha=E2=80=99s in a following = email.

We grouped comments with respect to each reviewer and, for each remark, = we provide:

  • a synthesis of the requests (Req:)

  • our answers (Ans:)

  • arguments for a further analysis (To Deepen:)


In case approved we will prepare a draft v.12 accordingly, to be then validated.

Please let us know how to proceeed or any additional remarks.=20

Thanks again for your collaboration

best regards

=20

Pierluigi and Enrico



******************************

Dale's comments

******************************

A. Major items


1. Annex A: Use of alfanum, etc.

Req: Simplifying syntax with non-terminal elements

Ans: We will simplify the syntax in the direction required


2. Sez. 4.4: How are non-ASCII characters to be = handled?

Req: Different management of non-ASCII characters in different sections. UTF-8% encoded or punycode incompatible

Ans: strongly recommend the use of ASCII base. In this case we can = use a straightforward DNS query for routing. In case this solution is = unacceptable for a jurisdiction: use UTF-8% encoded in URNs and use punycode conversion in DNS. In this case, the = jurisdiction has to implement a software conversion as an interface for = DDDS


3. Sez. 3.2: Compatibility with RFC 2141 and use of = "~"

Req: character "~" not allowed in RFC 2141

Ans: declare that the syntax conforms to RFC 8141


To Deepen: For backward compatibility, the "/", previously prohibited in URNs, is reserved for future use, then we can remove the = "/" from prohibited characters and include it in "future expansions"


4. Sez. 11.2: The pseudo-TLD ".lex"

Req: it no longer works if .lex is assigned

Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa"


5. Sez. 6.7: Dealing with publishers

Req: Possible issues if an event is assigned by an editor independently

To Deepen: By joining the federated system, a publisher accepts the urn-lex rules. The Jurisdictional Registrar (Section 7.2) provides = guidelines and monitors their application

Req: Domain Name Editor: persistence of the manifestation = depends on the publisher

To Deepen: Common problem with all components where a domain name = is indicated. Think of a solution through aliases


B. Minor points


6. Abstract

Req: World Wide Web Consortium reference for resource identification

Ans: Replace W3C with IETF


7. Sez. 1.1: The Purpose of Namespace "lex"

Req: Useful when mapped on HTTP URLs and not URIs

To Deepen: we often talk about http uri. Maybe we can emphasize its = function as identifier rather than as locator.  The identifier is often not an absolute URL


8. Sez. 1.4: General Characteristics of the = System

Req: SHOULD seems more appropriate than MUST

Ans: replace "must" with "should"


9. Sez. 2: Syntax label

Req: The syntax and semantics of components r- and q- are not defined in the document

Ans: after: "... introduced by [RFC8141]" insert: "The use of = r- and q- components with LEX URNs is not defined in this document. But they provide new ... "


10. Sect. 2: Documentation

Req: better replace "none" with a reference to the same document

Ans: replace "none" with: "The details of the syntax, = semantics and use of LEX URNs are given in [this RFC]."


11. Sect. 3.1: Identifier structure

Req: Capitalization of Section Title: non-consistent = document

To Deepen: Check rules for writing section titles


Req: representation of non-ASCII characters in RFCs

Ans: right: the guidelines suggest using the Unicode = convention U + XXXX


12. Examples

Req: Are the examples shown real or hypothetical?

Ans: Include the following: "All URN examples in the document are hypothetical"


13. Sez. 5.3: Ordinal Numbers

Req: To clarify whether it is Western or Eastern Arabic = numbers

Ans: add "Western" before "Arabic numbers"


14. Sez. 6.1: Basic Principles

Req: substitution suggestion of "by parser" with "from parser"

Ans: replace "by parser" with "from parser"


15. Sez. 6.7: Structure of the Document Identifier at Manifestation Level

Req: syntax ambiguity: with only one element, it is not clear whether it is component or feature

Ans: Correct syntax according to Dale's suggestions in the = presence of features, component (if absent) is set to "all" (whole document)


16. Sez. 6.8: Sources of Law References

Req: Partition ID indicates an element and not a simple = location

To Deepen: It is true, but it depends on the level of granularity = of the identification systems (documents or also partitions?).


17. Sez. 8.1: The General Architecture of the = System

Req: Incomplete reference: RFC 3403 only defines NAPTR records

Ans: Add reference to RFC 3405 explaining why the = lex.urn.arpa domain is created


18. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration

Req: missing the description of the registry structure

Ans: Specify format and examples of the registry of = jurisdiction codes


19. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of = the "lex" namespace

Req: Reported several errors or ambiguities: lowercase; body/function/office, component/feature, ...

Ans: review the syntax, according to Dale's suggestions. Test = the syntax with a parser


20. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of = the "lex" namespace

Req: syntax error for % encoded

To Deepen: Correct the % encoded syntax (see RFC 3261 = par.25.1)


21. Annex A, Sec. B1.4 (Indication of the Body) and B1.5 (Indication of the Function)

Req: ambiguity between body / function / office

Ans: Correct syntax to eliminate ambiguities


22. Annex D and D1: Http-based LEX identifier

Req: HTTP and non-HTTP-based

Ans: delete "based"


Req: Same names used for http and urn elements: same semantics but different syntax

To Deepen: Use same names in http and urn elements, maybe change delimiters


23. Sez. D1: Http-based URI

Req: Wrong Link to Linked Data

To Deepen: Correct reference to Linked Data



******************************

Paul's comments

******************************


A. Major items


24. Scope of the document

Req: Doc. describes not only URN but a fully federated = system. Better divide the two documents

To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of the discussion


25. Name or query?

Req: Doc. also describes how to use URNs as a query, = incompatibility with URNs

To Deepen: Document: URN Full and Unique; references: URN incomplete, but useful (see e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20)


B. Minor points


26. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration

Req: Re-assigning ccTLD: using the solution of international institutions?

Ans: The Registry of Jurisdiction Codes solves this problem. = If the ccTLD was reassigned, the old assignment remains in the log. If = it was already assigned, the applicant should choose a different one


Req: <name> .lex is no longer valid if .lex is = assigned

Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" (see answer to Dale=E2=80=99s remark n.4)



27. Full utility of this URN form

Req: it seems that a browser plugin in needed

To Deepen: The DDDS for URNs is fully described in various RFCs (3401-05). However, to the best of our knowledge, the "urn:" schema is not recognized by browsers, the most widely used tool for accessing information. Therefore, to activate a = resolution process from a native reference as "... href =3D =E2=80=98urn: ...=E2=80=99 ", there are 2 possibilities:

        1. Develop a browser plug-in, that can recognize the urn = schema. Such a plug-in could route the urn to a service, active on one = (or more) servers, which is able to walk through the DNS chain and = return the address of the resolver (typically via http);

        2. Transform a native urn reference to an http one = (like: ... href =3D "httReq: // <service>?urn: ..."), through a pre-processor or style sheet, = where the urn is a parameter of the call to the service = previously described.


    =

Req: = Move the solution in a separate document

To Deepen: Postpone the decision to the end of this review


28. = Sez. 4.4: Use of = Punycode

Req: = The syntax has to be revised for the non-ASCII. It includes %-encoding but not punycode

Ans: Use UTF-8 %encoded within a URN; convert = punycode in the DNS (see Dale point 2.)



29. = Sez. 6.7: Ambiguity = between components and features

Req: syntax ambiguity: with = one element it is not clear if it is a [component] or a [feature]

Ans: get rid of the syntax ambiguity in the manifestazione (see Dale's point 15.)


30. Annex D: Http-based LEX = identifier

Req: it seems unuseful, there are no references: remove or incorporate in another doc=20

To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of this revision phase



31. Name or query? (Answer to Alexey)

Req: = it is difficult to separate naming rules from the resolution aspects: split the document in two?

Req: there are several elements which are difficult to identify by a user = and drive you to the = construction of different URNs

To Deepen: a document has always a complete and unequivocal URN; a reference can have an incomplete URN, nevertheless useful for a retrieval service. (See also the mail sent to Dale on 9/20)


32. Name or query? = (Answer to Enrico=E2=80=99s email)

Req: The user attempts to build a URN by some metadata he knows. The input URN is not actually a URN to the document under analysis - it is a query for some documents

To Deepen: In the RFC we can better clarify the case of 1) a complete and unequivocal URN as document identifier; 2) an = incomplete URN but still useful for retrieval and that can  be used in references (See also the e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20)





---------------------------------------------------------
Enrico Francesconi
ITTIG - CNR
Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques
Italian National Research Council

Via de' Barucci 20
50127 Florence
Italy

Tel: +39-055-4399-665
Fax: +39-055-4399-605
email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it
---------------------------------------------------------
=

On 21 set 2017, at 09:57, Hakala, Juha E <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi> wrote:

Hello,=

I have a few comments.

Mandate

Based on the I-D, it is = not clear to me what mandate ITTIG-CNR has. URN:LEX would complement = existing systems; for instance in Finland laws are identified with cool = URIs. For instance, English translation of Child welfare act can be = found from http://finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2007/en20070417.pdf. = In the short term there might not be much interest to implement urn:lex = in the Finlex system.

However, I do believe = that establishing a urn namespace to sources of law can be useful in the = long term.

Administration
ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness = of the <jurisdiction> element. In the level of country codes this = will be easy. But there may be a large number of sub-divisions within = each country, and also organization-based sub-divisions. If urn:lex = becomes popular, it may be a substantial task to maintain = <jurisdiction> and to support organizations in making their = urn:lex identifiers actionable.

Has = ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the short term / long = term?   

Semantics and syntax

The template does not provide sufficient = information about the semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily = draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is very detailed in that respect.

Most URN namespaces (and traditional = identifiers) have relatively simple semantics. Identifiers may be = totally "dumb" (it is impossible to see from the NSS what the URN = identifies) and even if the identifier has some semantic like ISBN, = things are kept simple (for those in the know, ISBN reveals the country = and the publisher). Other persistent identifier system are even more = extreme when it comes to semantics: identifiers in ARK, Handle and DOI = are usually dumb, and recommend strongly that all semantics should be = avoided.

URNs from proposed urn:lex = namespace may contain a lot of information about the identified = resource. For instance, I-D contains an example URN like this:

urn:lex:eu:tibunal.justicia:sentencia:2009-06-11;33-08@original= :es$text-html:juradmin.eu;jurifast:todo:anonimo

It may be difficult, both for humans and applications, to = make sense of this.

ITTIG might consider = making NSS simpler, and including at least some of the information which = is now embedded in NSS (such as date and file format) into metadata = records that would accompany URN:LEX identifiers. Having a lot of = semantics in the NSS may overload the resolvers with tasks which should = be done by passing a request to an appropriate target system. It is also = more challenging to develop assignment rules for a very semantic = identifier system, and to be able to use such system correctly. =    

As regards syntax, I am = concerned about un-encoded use of @ to indicate an expression of a work: =

local-name =3D work ["@" expression] ["$" = manifestation]

Resolution

ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution = service for urn:lex. That is necessary for organization-based = sub-domains. But for country-code based subdomains such as urn:lex:fi, = resolvers may be established in the national level (just as in country = code based sub-domains of urn:nbn). Generally, if it is not necessary to = establish a global resolver service for a namespace, it is better to = decentralize, since otherwise there will be a single point of failure. =

It would of course be possible to harvest = URN - URL mapping tables from national lex resolvers into the central = resolver maintained by ITTIG-CNR.

All the = best,   

Juha

-----Original = Message-----
From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Alexey = Melnikov
Sent: 20. syyskuuta 2017 15:13
To: = urn@ietf.org
Cc: draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org
Subject: = [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX

Hi,
as responsible AD for = draft-spinosa-urn-lex, I would like to request Expert
Review= for a new URN Namespace.
The registration template was = extracted from draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11:

=      Namespace Identifier:

        "lex" = requested according to [RFC8141].

=      Version:

=         1.0

     Date:

=         2017-05-25

     Registrant:

=         Institute of Legal = Information Theory and Techniques (ITTIG)
=         Italian National = Research Council (CNR)
=         Via de' Barucci, 20
        50127 = Florence
=         Italy
=         e-mail: lex@ittig.cnr.it
        phone: +39 = 055 43995

=         contact: Enrico = Francesconi
=         e-mail: enrico.francesconi@ittig.cnr.it

     Purpose:

        The purpose = of the "lex" namespace is to assign an unequivocal
=         identifier, in standard = format, to documents that are sources
=         of law.

        In the last = few years a number of institutional initiatives
=         have arisen in the field = of legal document management. They
=         were aimed at = introducing standards for sources of law
=         description and = identification using XML and URI techniques,
=         respectively (for more = details see Section 1.3) LEX identifier
=         is conceived to be = general enough, so to provide guidance at
=         the core of the standard = and sufficient flexibility to cover a
=         wide variety of needs = for identifying all the legal documents
=         of different nature, = namely legislative, case-law and
=         administrative acts. = Moreover, it can be effectively used
=         within a federative = environment where different publishers
=         (public and private) can = provide their own items of an act
=         (that is there is more = than one manifestation of the same act).

=         The LEX identifier is = conceived to be: globally unique,
=         transparent, = bidirectional, persistent, location-independent,
=         and language-neutral. It = is organized into parts. The first
=         part uses a = predetermined standard to specify the country (or
=         more generally the = jurisdiction) of origin for the legal
=         document being = identified; the remainder is intended for local
=         use in identifying = documents issued in that country or
=         jurisdiction. This = second part depends only on sources of law
=         identification system = operating in that nation. For more
=         details on the nature of = the LEX characteristics and the
=         general internal = organization, see Section 1.4.

=         The LEX name is linked = to the document through specific meta-
=         information, internally = (with a tag) or externally (with a
=         attribute) (for details = on this see Section 1.5)

=         LEX names will be used = on a large scale in references either in
=         (X)HTML document or, = more generally, in XML documents format
=         compliant with the = relative DTD/XMLSchema (see Section 1.6 for
=         more information).

     Syntax:

=         The identifier has a = hierarchical structure as follows:

=             &n= bsp;           &nbs= p;   "urn:lex:" NSS

=         where <NSS> is the = Namespace Specific String composed as
=         follows:
=             &n= bsp;     NSS =3D jurisdiction ":" local-name

=         where:

=         <jurisdiction> is = the part providing the identification of the
=         jurisdiction, generally = corresponding to the country, where the
=         source of law is issued. = It is also possible to represent
=         international = organizations (either states or public
=         administrations or = private entities);

=         <local-name> is = the uniform name of the source of law in the
=         country or jurisdiction = where it is issued; its internal
=         structure is common to = the already adopted schemas. It is able
=         to represent all the = aspects of an intellectual production, as
=         it is a legal document, = from its initial idea, through its
=         evolution during the = time, to its realisation by different
=         means (paper, digital, = etc.).

=         LEX specifications gives = information on the internal structure
=         of both = <jurisdiction> and <local-name>, including
=         specifications about = case sensitivity, the use of national
=         characters and = diacritics, as well as spaces, connectives,
=         punctuation marks, = abbreviations, acronyms, date formats and
=         ordinal numbers. For = more details on the internal structure and
=         syntax of the LEX = identifier, see Section 3, 4 and 5.

=         Recently the r- and q- = components have been introduced by
=         [RFC8141]. They provide = new and interesting perspectives when
=         using URNs in a complex = sector as sources of law, characterized
=         by different versions, = languages, publishers, and so on. In
=         particular, by using the = r-component at the resolver level, and
=         therefore at the whole = NSS level, you can select from the same
=         work only expressions = written in a given language, or
=         manifestations published = by a particular institutional site,
=         etc. Using the = q-component at the act metadata level, you can
=         select versions that are = valid at a particular date, or
=         modified by a specific = act, etc.

=      Assignment:

=         The Jurisdictional = Registrar (or those it delegates) of each
=         adhering country or = organization is responsible of the
=         definition or acceptance = of the uniform name's primary elements
=         (issuing authority and = type of legal measure).

=         Any country or = jurisdiction, aiming to adopt this schema,
=         identifies a = Jurisdictional Registrar, an organization which
=         shares and defines the = structure of the optional part of the
=         name, according to the = organization of the state or
=         institution. The process = of assigning the <local-name> will be
=         managed by each specific = country or jurisdiction under the
=         related = <jurisdiction> element (details on this can be found in
        Section = 7.2).

=         Identifiers in the "lex" = namespace are defined through a
=         <jurisdiction> = element assigned to the sources of law of a
=         specific country or = organization, and a <local-name> assigned
=         by the issuing = authority. The goal of the LEX schema is to
=         maintain uniqueness and = persistence of all resources identified
=         by the assigned URNs. = The elements values for the LEX
=         identifier within a = jurisdiction are defined by the
=         Jurisdictional = Registrar, this ensures that the constructed
=         URNs are unique (see = Section 7.3 for details on uniqueness).

=         The persistence of = identifiers depends on the durability of the
=         institutions that assign = and administer them (see Section 7.3
=         for details on = persitence)

=      Security and Privacy:

        This = document introduces no additional security considerations
=         beyond those associated = with the use and resolution of URNs in
=         general.
     Interoperability:

=         As open standard naming = convention to identify sources of law
=         at international level, = LEX is meant to guarantee
=         interoperability among = legal information systems across
=         national boundaries.

=         The characteristics of = the LEX naming convention facilitate
=         legal document = management as well as provide a mechanism of
=         stable cross-collections = and cross-country references, thus
=         allowing the = distribution of the legal information towards a
=         federated = architecture.

=      Resolution:

=         The resolution service = associates a LEX identifier with a
=         specific document = address on the net. The related system will
=         have a distributed = architecture based on two fundamental
=         components: a chain of = information in DNS (Domain Name System)
=         and a series of = resolution services from URNs to URLs, each
=         competent within a = specific domain of the namespace (see
=         Section 8.1 for more = details).

=         To cope with possible = incomplete or inaccurate uniform names,
=         the implementation of a = catalogue, based on a relational-
=         database, able to = associate a URN to related URLs, is
=         suggested, as it will = lead to a higher flexibility in the
=         resolution process. A = resolver can provide names normalization,
=         completion of inaccurate = or incomplete names, and finally their
=         resolution in network = locations (see Section 8.2 and 8.3 for
=         characteristics and = behaviour of a catalogue for resolution).

=      Documentation:

=         None

     Additional Information:

=         See [FRAN] and = [SPIN].

=      Revision Information:

        None

_______________________________________________
urn mailing list
urn@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


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Archived-At: Subject: Re: [urn] Request for urn mrn X-BeenThere: urn@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: Revisions to URN RFCs List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 16 Oct 2017 14:42:44 -0000 --001a114dae42ba3c63055bab04aa Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi Lars, Thank you for your comments. My comments are inline. I know there are some sections that might be a bit weak. Having this kind of meta URN namespace is a bit of an experiment for us. And we hope to gather some valuable feedback once people start to adopt the standard. Expecting to strengthen the specification as well as provide better guidelines over time. > Eventually I also got around to review your request. It looks almost read= y > to me, but there are two areas you might want to look into: > > 1) I cannot find anything on how you want to ensure that the identifiers > (e. g. the URNs) remain unique and that they are not by accident assigned > twice. In the "Assignment" section you write that "Management of > Organization-Specific Namespace IDs should be done in accordance to th= e > guidelines provided at http://www.mrnregistry.org." If that enough to > ensure uniqueness of the that's fine with me but it would be helpful to > have that explicit in the registration document. > I've changed the section to this: ++++++++++++++++++++++++ Assignment of Organization IDs is done by filling out and sending in the registration template, as detailed on http://www.mrnregistry.org. IALA will ensure the uniqueness of Organization IDs by ensuring that an ID can only be assigned once. Records of all successful registrations will be maintained in a public version control repository as detailed on the website. The assignment procedures for MRN strings under a particular Organization-specific namespace ID is the responsibility of the maintaining organization. The considerations provided by http://www.mrnregistry.org as well as Section 6.4.3 of the URN specification [RFC8141] must be taken into account when defining the actual assignment procedure. +++++++++++++++++++++++++ > 2) There is no section on lexical equivalence (e. g. how you can decide i= f > two character sequences are "the same" URN). The "Syntax" section says: > "The namespace, =E2=80=9Cmrn=E2=80=9D, is case-insensitive in processing = but is > conventionally written in lower case" but that's about all. Since much of > the handling is done in sub-namespaces, I understand that it can be > difficult to give exact rules here, but I think that the registration at > least should say that for comparison, the strings "urn" and "mrn" must be > converted to lower case. If you can have such a rule for the OID, too, it > would be excellent. Beyond that, I guess that it depends on the how the > organisation identified by the OID handles its OSS. > I've added the following section: +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Rules for Lexical Equivalence: In addition to the URN equivalance rules defined in Section 2.1 of the URN specification [RFC8141]. Case normalization must be applied to both the OID and OSNID part before determining lexical equivalence. Rules for equality comparisons of the OSNS part must be clearly documented by the governing organization. ++++++++++++++++++++++++ /Kasper --001a114dae42ba3c63055bab04aa Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hi Lars,

Thank you for your comments. M= y comments are inline.

I know there are some sections that might be a bit we= ak. Having this kind of meta URN namespace is a bit of an experiment for us= . And we hope to gather some valuable feedback once people start to adopt t= he standard. Expecting to strengthen=C2=A0the specification as well as prov= ide better guidelines over time.

=

Eventually I also got around to review your request. It looks almost= ready to me, but there are two areas you might want to look into:

1) I cannot find anything on how you want to ensure that the identifiers (e= . g. the URNs) remain unique and that they are not by accident assigned twi= ce. In the "Assignment" section you write that "Management o= f Organization-Specific Namespace IDs should be done in=C2=A0 =C2=A0 accord= ance to the guidelines provided at http://www.mrnregistry.org." I= f that enough to ensure uniqueness of the that's fine with me but it wo= uld be helpful to have that explicit in the registration document.
I've changed the section to this:

++++++++++++++++++++++++
=C2=A0 =C2=A0Assignment of Organiz= ation IDs is done by filling out and sending in the=C2=A0
=C2=A0 = =C2=A0registration template, as detailed on http://www.mrnregistry.org. IALA will
=C2=A0 =C2=A0en= sure the uniqueness of Organization IDs by ensuring that an ID can only be<= /div>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0assigned once. Records of all successful registratio= ns will be maintained in=C2=A0
=C2=A0 =C2=A0a public version cont= rol repository as detailed on the website.=C2=A0
=C2=A0 =C2=A0
=C2=A0 =C2=A0The assignment procedures for MRN strings under a part= icular=C2=A0
=C2=A0 =C2=A0Organization-specific namespace ID is t= he responsibility of the maintaining=C2=A0
=C2=A0 =C2=A0organizat= ion. The considerations provided by = http://www.mrnregistry.org as=C2=A0
=C2=A0 =C2=A0well as Sect= ion 6.4.3 of the URN specification [RFC8141] must be taken into=C2=A0
=
=C2=A0 =C2=A0account when defining the actual assignment procedure.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++


2) There is no section on lexical equivalence (e. g. how you can decide if = two character sequences are "the same" URN). The "Syntax&quo= t; section says: "The namespace, =E2=80=9Cmrn=E2=80=9D, is case-insens= itive in processing but is=C2=A0 conventionally written in lower case"= but that's about all. Since much of the handling is done in sub-namesp= aces, I understand that it can be difficult to give exact rules here, but I= think that the registration at least should say that for comparison, the s= trings "urn" and "mrn" must be converted to lower case.= If you can have such a rule for the OID, too, it would be excellent. Beyon= d that, I guess that it depends on the how the organisation identified by t= he OID handles its OSS.

I've added = the following section:

+++++++++++++++++++++++= ++++

Rules for Lexical Equivalence:

=C2=A0 =C2=A0In addition to the URN equivalance rules defin= ed in Section 2.1 of the URN
=C2=A0 =C2=A0specification [RFC8141]= . Case normalization must be applied to both the OID=C2=A0
=C2=A0= =C2=A0and OSNID part before determining lexical equivalence.
=C2=A0 =C2=A0Rules for equality comparisons of the OSNS part mu= st be clearly documented=C2=A0
=C2=A0 =C2=A0by the governing orga= nization.
++++++++++++++++++++++++

/Kasper


--001a114dae42ba3c63055bab04aa-- From nobody Fri Oct 20 16:47:04 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 4DBE4132A1A; Fri, 20 Oct 2017 16:46:57 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -4.2 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-4.2 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_MED=-2.3, SPF_PASS=-0.001, URIBL_BLOCKED=0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id FSPqyFDV2gvu; Fri, 20 Oct 2017 16:46:55 -0700 (PDT) Received: from rfc-editor.org (rfc-editor.org [4.31.198.49]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher AECDH-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id AE4C5132193; Fri, 20 Oct 2017 16:46:55 -0700 (PDT) Received: by rfc-editor.org (Postfix, from userid 30) id EEC75B81050; Fri, 20 Oct 2017 16:46:30 -0700 (PDT) To: ietf-announce@ietf.org, rfc-dist@rfc-editor.org X-PHP-Originating-Script: 1005:ams_util_lib.php From: rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org Cc: rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org, drafts-update-ref@iana.org, urn@ietf.org Message-Id: <20171020234630.EEC75B81050@rfc-editor.org> Date: Fri, 20 Oct 2017 16:46:30 -0700 (PDT) Archived-At: Subject: [urn] RFC 8254 on Uniform Resource Name (URN) Namespace Registration Transition X-BeenThere: urn@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: Revisions to URN RFCs List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Fri, 20 Oct 2017 23:46:57 -0000 A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries. RFC 8254 Title: Uniform Resource Name (URN) Namespace Registration Transition Author: J. Klensin, J. Hakala Status: Standards Track Stream: IETF Date: October 2017 Mailbox: john-ietf@jck.com, juha.hakala@helsinki.fi Pages: 9 Characters: 18618 Obsoletes: RFC 3044, RFC 3187 I-D Tag: draft-ietf-urnbis-ns-reg-transition-08.txt URL: https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8254 DOI: 10.17487/RFC8254 The original registration procedure for formal Uniform Resource Name (URN) namespaces required IETF Consensus. That requirement discouraged some registrations and increased the risk for problems that could occur as a result. The requirements have now been changed by RFC 8141, which adopts a different model, focusing on encouraging registration and publication of information for all appropriate namespaces. This document clarifies the status of relevant older RFCs and confirms and documents advice to IANA about selected existing registrations. This document also obsoletes RFCs 3044 and 3187 and moves them to Historic status. These RFCs describe the ISSN and ISBN namespaces, which are now outdated because the descriptions reside in registration templates. This document is a product of the Uniform Resource Names, Revised Working Group of the IETF. This is now a Proposed Standard. STANDARDS TRACK: This document specifies an Internet Standards Track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the Official Internet Protocol Standards (https://www.rfc-editor.org/standards) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. This announcement is sent to the IETF-Announce and rfc-dist lists. To subscribe or unsubscribe, see https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/ietf-announce https://mailman.rfc-editor.org/mailman/listinfo/rfc-dist For searching the RFC series, see https://www.rfc-editor.org/search For downloading RFCs, see https://www.rfc-editor.org/retrieve/bulk Requests for special distribution should be addressed to either the author of the RFC in question, or to rfc-editor@rfc-editor.org. Unless specifically noted otherwise on the RFC itself, all RFCs are for unlimited distribution. The RFC Editor Team Association Management Solutions, LLC From nobody Tue Oct 24 13:34:01 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 9F6FD1390EE; Tue, 24 Oct 2017 13:33:58 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -1.698 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-1.698 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, FREEMAIL_FORGED_FROMDOMAIN=0.199, FREEMAIL_FROM=0.001, HEADER_FROM_DIFFERENT_DOMAINS=0.001, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, SPF_PASS=-0.001, URIBL_BLOCKED=0.001] autolearn=no autolearn_force=no Authentication-Results: ietfa.amsl.com (amavisd-new); dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=gmail.com Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id aylBkJVQSRjp; Tue, 24 Oct 2017 13:33:52 -0700 (PDT) Received: from mail-wm0-x229.google.com (mail-wm0-x229.google.com [IPv6:2a00:1450:400c:c09::229]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 (128/128 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id EFD13139938; Tue, 24 Oct 2017 13:33:51 -0700 (PDT) Received: by mail-wm0-x229.google.com with SMTP id m72so18019638wmc.1; Tue, 24 Oct 2017 13:33:51 -0700 (PDT) DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=gmail.com; s=20161025; h=sender:mime-version:subject:from:in-reply-to:date:cc:message-id :references:to; bh=1rYYTNX3rztP6mHJgE+B2nunEstFeZv82W4zrEd1s2Y=; b=s2ZjSgDLOI2vyf/0a1EwR5a0Nxn8kC9RmrtKpEA0oN1PhDaXbRe1ZG3yUw2xirLomZ epUhhxrdnC2T7OY0TP0M63iFbmz8RdQliiAu3lkZgH5UuvOYsVtcpjfdkV/Vy5Pv20NH +q0aALMD5pOG/3AZlYSumUKMzMMqG9QangU+bHqo/NLM4JxInqqz6PsxlstwEpwgI/6g ziQKStKbEORFLhcIhuSJlNVOxgH96E4m+v6XW6ZLjZpzWjMOo4PUlqYzOBu7YJwa+O1a fbr2ulNDZ0mEn1ui9lCwiHjr7ILjoSsDVjrB4jMPuyxC25ITJIw/3CytYtdHAatQYedJ FUvg== X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=1e100.net; s=20161025; h=x-gm-message-state:sender:mime-version:subject:from:in-reply-to :date:cc:message-id:references:to; bh=1rYYTNX3rztP6mHJgE+B2nunEstFeZv82W4zrEd1s2Y=; b=DbdeHkANVUNsiEaG4I5OSRO9mtXV+/98Y2VvONEgumYowjJ2iqfeHKqrV+3MY3KeZZ C1/PeQ2wQ2SKF6AEQc0pvPWZO9t2lxPxSziSfxCWKIsIbevhAYN56ZXUC5f0vXY//L6V W0GxWSQ6rnYl4Kbz+9mRiWSiCjSUKg7Bs5Szait1TM0wtBJB9lj1BaXQBeKgAILKVZ1W xNPRk90Nb6wH2EYXukoW7nPENmZYPni7Ewtw471MMi7KfFsQVhaqBYrggym/U2nRe6sl Mzio3A9nQBWw7M6Oomm+YByGOZvBsM+P13XR/1pT5j2h0lmWaNdhmORFfdn3ja+Jc1A7 +E6g== X-Gm-Message-State: AMCzsaVwwiFshT3C10eYbxy+ztX/S6ySAwVYWcefQvKre6YQhKsi94be Az6S1Rho1Fnlq9dJ+lMWPNM= X-Google-Smtp-Source: ABhQp+SDwpvtCtOwDrw5sXg003oYKHM77dc0IumAytL8JvTtqu1ok2RzZHmWvf5OEjPjfVdpy/EY7g== X-Received: by 10.80.152.229 with SMTP id j92mr14012420edb.279.1508877229890; Tue, 24 Oct 2017 13:33:49 -0700 (PDT) Received: from [192.168.0.3] ([94.103.212.185]) by smtp.gmail.com with ESMTPSA id x10sm715128edb.24.2017.10.24.13.33.47 (version=TLS1 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA bits=128/128); Tue, 24 Oct 2017 13:33:47 -0700 (PDT) Sender: Enrico Francesconi Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="Apple-Mail=_D26ECF29-7170-4DC8-83D4-E86F3825F519" Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 9.0 \(3094\)) From: Enrico Francesconi In-Reply-To: Date: Tue, 24 Oct 2017 22:33:46 +0200 Cc: "draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org" , Alexey Melnikov , "urn@ietf.org" , Pierluigi Spinosa Message-Id: References: <1505909590.1544977.1112321704.5FEB92F9@webmail.messagingengine.com> <59D492AC-FEC7-48D9-84B6-614BB0B0223D@ittig.cnr.it> <2AC1F018-9E90-4071-928C-2803AD1290E0@ittig.cnr.it> To: "Hakala, Juha E" X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3094) Archived-At: Subject: Re: [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX X-BeenThere: urn@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: Revisions to URN RFCs List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Tue, 24 Oct 2017 20:33:59 -0000 --Apple-Mail=_D26ECF29-7170-4DC8-83D4-E86F3825F519 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Dear Juha, thanks for your reply. Here below (inline) our comments (and sorry = for being late to get back to you). Please don=E2=80=99t hesitate to send any further comment, if any. Finally, we are about to finalize version 12 of the urn:lex draft, which = takes into account your remarks. If you agree we will send it to you all = soon, before submission. Best regards Pierluigi and Enrico --------------------------------------------------------- Enrico Francesconi ITTIG - CNR Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques Italian National Research Council Via de' Barucci 20 50127 Florence Italy Tel: +39-055-4399-665 Fax: +39-055-4399-605 email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it --------------------------------------------------------- > On 13 ott 2017, at 13:47, Hakala, Juha E = wrote: >=20 > Dear Enrico, > =20 > thank you for the answers; I have some further comments below. > =20 > From: Enrico Francesconi [mailto:enrico.francesconi@gmail.com = ] On Behalf Of Enrico Francesconi > Sent: 13. lokakuuta 2017 0:27 > To: draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org = > Cc: Alexey Melnikov >; urn@ietf.org ; = Pierluigi Spinosa >; Hakala, Juha E = > > Subject: Re: [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX > =20 > Dear All, > as agreed please find below our replies to the remaining remarks, = those of Sabrina and Juha. We will then proceed by including the = proposed changes in the new draft. > =20 > Also these new replies have been grouped with respect to each reviewer = and, for each remark, we provide: > a synthesis of the requests (Req:) > our answers (Ans:) > arguments for a further analysis (To Deepen:) > Best regards > Pierluigi and Enrico > =20 > =20 > =20 > ****************************** > Sabrina=E2=80=99s comments > ****************************** > 33. urn NID registry > Req: Expert review should be completed before your document can be = approved for publication as an RFC > Ans: waiting for the conclusion of the revision > =20 > 34. Sect. 11.1 - NAPTR records > Req: approval of the IAB to implement NAPTR records. Is the host = lex.ittig.cnr.it guaranteed for a long term? > To Deepen: We can contact other institutions able to guarantee = long-term maintenance of a hostname, ex. =E2=80=9Cregistro.it = =E2=80=9D, the CNR (Italian National Research = Council) service which provides registration of the domain names .it and = .eu > Juha: a name like lex.registro.it would be = better than lex.ittig.cnr.it , which has a lot = of semantics in it. Here in Finland, the national library runs a URN = resolver at the URI http://urn.fi , which is as neutral = as possible. =20 We agree on that. Moreover registro.it is = maintained by a CNR institute in Italy which is also responsible for the = registry of the domain names .eu Anyway the final name will be decided by the organization which will = maintain the lex namespace. > Req: It might be better to document the approach in such a way that = that exact form of the NAPTR record is not in the I-D > Ans: provide only a generic information, ex. dns-lex.foo > =20 > 35. Jurisdiction codes registry > =20 > Req: Where should this new registry be located? Should it be added to = an existing registry page? If not, does it belong in an existing > category at http://www.iana.org/protocols? = >=20 > To Deepen: see point 18, anyway at the beginning there are no records = in it >=20 > 36. Final operations > Req: only when the RFC will be approved > Ans: we=E2=80=99ll wait the final RFC approval > =20 > ****************************** > Juha=E2=80=99s comments > ****************************** > 37. Mandate > Req: Based on the I-D, it is not clear what mandate ITTIG-CNR has.=20 > Would URN:LEX complement existing systems? > Establishing a urn namespace to sources of law can be useful in the = long term. > Ans: No specific mandate: this is a proposal for a global namespace = which every system can adhere to > Juha: OK. Since ITTI-CNR has no specific mandate, it is easy to see a = situation where the coordinator responsibility is passed to another = organization in Italy or even elsewhere. Therefore it is important to = have a neutral domain like lex.registro.it or = something similar. See above > 38. Administration > Req: ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness of = the =20 > element. > Req: In the level of country codes this will be easy. But there may be = a large number of sub- > divisions within each country, and also organization-based = sub-divisions. If urn:lex becomes popular, it may be a substantial task = to maintain and to support organizations in making their = urn:lex identifiers actionable. > Has ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the short term = / long term? > Ans: The responsibility of maintaing jurisdiction codes will be = distributed at the level of each=20 > jurisdiction, according to a federative de-centralized approach (see = sect. 7.2)=E2=80=99 > Juha: efficient de-centralization often requires at least some level = of central co-ordination. In this case, I think it would be useful to = maintain a central registry of Jurisdictional Registrars. This would = make it easy for any organization which wishes to use urn:lex to find = out if there already is a registrar for their country or jurisdiction. = The registry would also minimize the risk of having multiple = organizations in one country accidentally adopting the registrar role. > I wonder if it would be useful to mention in chapter 10 (Community = considerations) of draft-spinoza-urn-lex something about how potential = registrars may find information about this system. A completely new = identifier system usually needs some promotion in order to become = popular. Similarly, chapter 7.2 might mention promotion of URNs and = URN:LEX as one of the registrar tasks. We agree on that: in the Jurisdiction Registry a field is foreseen = including the information of the Registrars. Querying the Registry it = will be possible to check if a jurisdiction has been registered and who = is the registrar. Moreover, the promotion of urn:lex namespace is definitely important: we = are confident that each new registrar can promote the use of urn:lex = within its jurisdiction. > =20 > =20 > 39. Semantic and syntax > Req: The template does not provide sufficient information about the = semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is = very detailed in that respect. Most URN namespaces (and traditional = identifiers) have relatively simple semantics. Identifiers may be = totally "dumb" (it is impossible to see from the NSS what the URN = identifies) and even if the identifier has some semantic like ISBN, = things are kept simple (for those in the know, ISBN reveals the country = and the publisher) URNs from proposed urn:lex namespace may contain a = lot of information about the identified resource It may be difficult, = both for humans and applications, to make sense of this. > Ans: The suggested metadata are necessary to guarantee, unequivocal = identifiers, nevertheless not all of them are mandatory. In the = references, only metadata at the level of Work are required (see email = on 9/20 in response to Dale=E2=80=99s remarks) > =20 > Req: Having a lot of semantics in the NSS may overload the resolvers = with tasks which should be done by passing a request to an appropriate = target system. It is also more challenging to develop assignment rules = for a very semantic identifier system, and to be able to use such=20 > system correctly > Ans: the hierarchical structure paves the way to a structured = resolution (see e-mail to Dale on=20 > 9/20) > Juha: yes, I do understand that some semantics is required for = resolution. URN:NBN, which I have registered, uses (mandatory) country = code and additional information to locate the right resolver.=20 > But in lex, semantics goes much beyond what is required for finding a = resolver. And some of the assumptions about semantics may not be valid = in all jurisdictions. For instance, you say=20 > =20 > Each version is characterized by the period of time during which that > text is to be considered as the valid text (in force or effective). > Finland, for instance, cannot provide this kind of date/time = information about validity of legal documents. > All Finnish laws are available online for free from a system called = Finlex. The URI of the current Finnish copyright act in Finnish is=20 > http://finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1961/19610404 = > and in Swedish > http://finlex.fi/sv/laki/ajantasa/1961/19610404 = > Note that 19610404 is not a date, but act number 404 in 1961. > Lex work level urn could then be something like: > urn:lex:fi:oik:laki:1961;0404 > where OIK refers to the Ministry of justice and LAKI to an act. > Since 1961, Copyright act has been amended many times, but URI has = remained the same ever since the online system was established. A user = who retrieves the text, can see the changes and when there were made. = But the original version is no longer there. > Chapter 6 has a lot of examples, but they are all similar with respect = to e.g. date. It would be good to have more diversity among examples, so = that potential users do not misunderstand the requirements. =20 > Syntax might be made simpler by using URN f-component to identify = partitions. Then for instance the URN in this example: > =20 > to refer to the paragraph 3 of the article 15 of the French > Act of 15 may 2004, n. 106, the reference is written > "urn:lex:fr:etat:loi:2004-05-15;106~art15;par3"). > might become > urn:lex:fr:etat:loi:2004-05-15;106#art15par3 > if the text encoding of the identified document allows that. This = would also simplify things from retrieval point of view; it is likely = that even with the original URN the entire text of the legal document = will be retrieved, and then it is up to the browser to take the user to = the correct place. With URI fragment that is technically simple; with = syntax like ~art15;par3 it may be necessary to build the required = functionality to the user interface.=20 Urn:lex semantics is more oriented to legal document identification = rather than to the resolution routing. Such semantics is complex because = it is complex the legal identification framework. In the Finnish system = it seems that only the in-force version is provided to the user, but in = other jurisdictions it is important to identify the previous versions = too (for example in case we need to access a version of a law which is = in-force at the date when a given crime or administrative offence to be = judged has happened). In paragraph 6.8 of the urn:lex draft all the reasons why we used = =E2=80=98~=E2=80=99 rather than =E2=80=98#' are explained. Anyway the possibility to process forms like ~art15;par3 is up to the = resolver.=20 Moreover the possibility to identify a hierarchy in the subdivisions = allows to retrive a subdivision up to the available granularity level = (in the example: the possibility to retrieve art15 and not par3 if this = one is not available because not marked-up) > =20 > Req: As regards syntax, concerns about un-encoded use of @ to indicate = an expression of a work > To Deepen: not clear the motivations > Juha: the motivation was just to say that it is necessary to percent = encode special characters which cannot be expressed in HTTP URIs in = unencoded form, such as @. For the users this problem will be transparent.=20 > 40. Resolution > Req: ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution service = for urn:lex. Better one for each jurisdiction > Ans: Actually not. The idea is to de-centralize the system, starting = from the jurisdiction,=20 > until the issuing authority. We will emphasize Sections 8.1 and 8.2 > =20 > Req: It would of course be possible to harvest URN - URL mapping = tables from national lex=20 > resolvers into the central resolver maintained by ITTIG-CNR.=20 > Ans: Currently it is not foreseen > =20 > Juha: it should be possible to make resolvers in urn:lex aware of each = other, if there is a central registry of resolvers. This would make it = possible, at some point in the future, to harvest the mapping tables = from all urn:lex resolvers. But I do understand that there is currently = no plan to do such a thing. However, within jurisdictions such = co-operation may be necessary even in short term. > =20 We don=E2=80=99t think it is the case to include this requirement in the = draft, even if it=E2=80=99s definitely an interesting future possible = development. > All the best,=20 > =20 > Juha=20 > =20 > --------------------------------------------------------- > Enrico Francesconi > ITTIG - CNR > Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques > Italian National Research Council >=20 > Via de' Barucci 20 > 50127 Florence > Italy >=20 > Tel: +39-055-4399-665 > Fax: +39-055-4399-605 > email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it > --------------------------------------------------------- > =20 > On 06 ott 2017, at 21:00, Enrico Francesconi > wrote: > =20 > Dear All, > thanks a lot everyone for the global revision of the urn-lex draft = and for your useful comments on the document. We have finalized the = analysis of most of them, therefore we send you here below a sum-up of = the interventions we would like to provide to the document. > We will be back with feedback to the most recent comments from = Sabrina=E2=80=99s and Juha=E2=80=99s in a following email. > We grouped comments with respect to each reviewer and, for each = remark, we provide: > a synthesis of the requests (Req:) > our answers (Ans:) > arguments for a further analysis (To Deepen:) > =20 > In case approved we will prepare a draft v.12 accordingly, to be then = validated. > Please let us know how to proceeed or any additional remarks. > Thanks again for your collaboration > best regards > =20 > Pierluigi and Enrico > =20 > =20 > ****************************** > Dale's comments > ****************************** > A. Major items > =20 > 1. Annex A: Use of alfanum, etc. > Req: Simplifying syntax with non-terminal elements > Ans: We will simplify the syntax in the direction required > =20 > 2. Sez. 4.4: How are non-ASCII characters to be handled? > Req: Different management of non-ASCII characters in different = sections. UTF-8% encoded or punycode incompatible > Ans: strongly recommend the use of ASCII base. In this case we can use = a straightforward DNS query for routing. In case this solution is = unacceptable for a jurisdiction: use UTF-8% encoded in URNs and use = punycode conversion in DNS. In this case, the jurisdiction has to = implement a software conversion as an interface for DDDS > =20 > 3. Sez. 3.2: Compatibility with RFC 2141 and use of "~" > Req: character "~" not allowed in RFC 2141 > Ans: declare that the syntax conforms to RFC 8141 > =20 > To Deepen: For backward compatibility, the "/", previously prohibited = in URNs, is reserved for future use, then we can remove the "/" from = prohibited characters and include it in "future expansions" > =20 > 4. Sez. 11.2: The pseudo-TLD ".lex" > Req: it no longer works if .lex is assigned > Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" > =20 > 5. Sez. 6.7: Dealing with publishers > Req: Possible issues if an event is assigned by an editor = independently > To Deepen: By joining the federated system, a publisher accepts the = urn-lex rules. The Jurisdictional Registrar (Section 7.2) provides = guidelines and monitors their application > Req: Domain Name Editor: persistence of the manifestation depends on = the publisher > To Deepen: Common problem with all components where a domain name is = indicated. Think of a solution through aliases > =20 > B. Minor points > =20 > 6. Abstract > Req: World Wide Web Consortium reference for resource identification > Ans: Replace W3C with IETF > =20 > 7. Sez. 1.1: The Purpose of Namespace "lex" > Req: Useful when mapped on HTTP URLs and not URIs > To Deepen: we often talk about http uri. Maybe we can emphasize its = function as identifier rather than as locator. The identifier is often = not an absolute URL > =20 > 8. Sez. 1.4: General Characteristics of the System > Req: SHOULD seems more appropriate than MUST > Ans: replace "must" with "should" > =20 > 9. Sez. 2: Syntax label > Req: The syntax and semantics of components r- and q- are not defined = in the document > Ans: after: "... introduced by [RFC8141]" insert: "The use of r- and = q- components with LEX URNs is not defined in this document. But they = provide new ... " > =20 > 10. Sect. 2: Documentation > Req: better replace "none" with a reference to the same document > Ans: replace "none" with: "The details of the syntax, semantics and = use of LEX URNs are given in [this RFC]." > =20 > 11. Sect. 3.1: Identifier structure > Req: Capitalization of Section Title: non-consistent document > To Deepen: Check rules for writing section titles > =20 > Req: representation of non-ASCII characters in RFCs > Ans: right: the guidelines suggest using the Unicode convention U + = XXXX > =20 > 12. Examples > Req: Are the examples shown real or hypothetical? > Ans: Include the following: "All URN examples in the document are = hypothetical" > =20 > 13. Sez. 5.3: Ordinal Numbers > Req: To clarify whether it is Western or Eastern Arabic numbers > Ans: add "Western" before "Arabic numbers" > =20 > 14. Sez. 6.1: Basic Principles > Req: substitution suggestion of "by parser" with "from parser" > Ans: replace "by parser" with "from parser" > =20 > 15. Sez. 6.7: Structure of the Document Identifier at Manifestation = Level > Req: syntax ambiguity: with only one element, it is not clear whether = it is component or feature > Ans: Correct syntax according to Dale's suggestions in the presence of = features, component (if absent) is set to "all" (whole document) > =20 > 16. Sez. 6.8: Sources of Law References > Req: Partition ID indicates an element and not a simple location > To Deepen: It is true, but it depends on the level of granularity of = the identification systems (documents or also partitions?). > =20 > 17. Sez. 8.1: The General Architecture of the System > Req: Incomplete reference: RFC 3403 only defines NAPTR records > Ans: Add reference to RFC 3405 explaining why the lex.urn.arpa domain = is created > =20 > 18. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration > Req: missing the description of the registry structure > Ans: Specify format and examples of the registry of jurisdiction codes > =20 > 19. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of the "lex" = namespace > Req: Reported several errors or ambiguities: lowercase; = body/function/office, component/feature, ... > Ans: review the syntax, according to Dale's suggestions. Test the = syntax with a parser > =20 > 20. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the uniform names of the "lex" = namespace > Req: syntax error for % encoded > To Deepen: Correct the % encoded syntax (see RFC 3261 par.25.1) > =20 > 21. Annex A, Sec. B1.4 (Indication of the Body) and B1.5 (Indication = of the Function) > Req: ambiguity between body / function / office > Ans: Correct syntax to eliminate ambiguities > =20 > 22. Annex D and D1: Http-based LEX identifier > Req: HTTP and non-HTTP-based > Ans: delete "based" > =20 > Req: Same names used for http and urn elements: same semantics but = different syntax > To Deepen: Use same names in http and urn elements, maybe change = delimiters > =20 > 23. Sez. D1: Http-based URI > Req: Wrong Link to Linked Data > To Deepen: Correct reference to Linked Data > =20 > =20 > ****************************** > Paul's comments > ****************************** > =20 > A. Major items > =20 > 24. Scope of the document > Req: Doc. describes not only URN but a fully federated system. Better = divide the two documents > To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of the discussion > =20 > 25. Name or query? > Req: Doc. also describes how to use URNs as a query, incompatibility = with URNs > To Deepen: Document: URN Full and Unique; references: URN incomplete, = but useful (see e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20) > =20 > B. Minor points > =20 > 26. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration > Req: Re-assigning ccTLD: using the solution of international = institutions? > Ans: The Registry of Jurisdiction Codes solves this problem. If the = ccTLD was reassigned, the old assignment remains in the log. If it was = already assigned, the applicant should choose a different one > =20 > Req: .lex is no longer valid if .lex is assigned > Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" (see answer to Dale=E2=80=99s remark = n.4) > =20 > =20 > 27. Full utility of this URN form > Req: it seems that a browser plugin in needed > To Deepen: The DDDS for URNs is fully described in various RFCs = (3401-05). However, to the best of our knowledge, the "urn:" schema is = not recognized by browsers, the most widely used tool for accessing = information. Therefore, to activate a resolution process from a native = reference as "... href =3D =E2=80=98urn: ...=E2=80=99 ", there are 2 = possibilities: > 1. Develop a browser plug-in, that can recognize the urn schema. Such = a plug-in could route the urn to a service, active on one (or more) = servers, which is able to walk through the DNS chain and return the = address of the resolver (typically via http); > 2. Transform a native urn reference to an http one (like: ... href =3D = "httReq: // ?urn: ..."), through a pre-processor or style = sheet, where the urn is a parameter of the call to the service = previously described. > =20 > Req: Move the solution in a separate document > To Deepen: Postpone the decision to the end of this review > =20 > 28. Sez. 4.4: Use of Punycode > Req: The syntax has to be revised for the non-ASCII. It includes = %-encoding but not punycode > Ans: Use UTF-8 %encoded within a URN; convert punycode in the DNS (see = Dale point 2.) > =20 > =20 > 29. Sez. 6.7: Ambiguity between components and features > Req: syntax ambiguity: with one element it is not clear if it is a = [component] or a [feature] > Ans: get rid of the syntax ambiguity in the manifestazione (see Dale's = point 15.) > =20 > 30. Annex D: Http-based LEX identifier > Req: it seems unuseful, there are no references: remove or incorporate = in another doc > To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of this revision phase > =20 > =20 > 31. Name or query? (Answer to Alexey) > Req: it is difficult to separate naming rules from the resolution = aspects: split the document in two? > Req: there are several elements which are difficult to identify by a = user and drive you to the construction of different URNs > To Deepen: a document has always a complete and unequivocal URN; a = reference can have an incomplete URN, nevertheless useful for a = retrieval service. (See also the mail sent to Dale on 9/20) > =20 > 32. Name or query? (Answer to Enrico=E2=80=99s email) > Req: The user attempts to build a URN by some metadata he knows. The = input URN is not actually a URN to the document under analysis - it is a = query for some documents > To Deepen: In the RFC we can better clarify the case of 1) a complete = and unequivocal URN as document identifier; 2) an incomplete URN but = still useful for retrieval and that can be used in references (See also = the e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20) > =20 > =20 > =20 > =20 > --------------------------------------------------------- > Enrico Francesconi > ITTIG - CNR > Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques > Italian National Research Council >=20 > Via de' Barucci 20 > 50127 Florence > Italy >=20 > Tel: +39-055-4399-665 > Fax: +39-055-4399-605 > email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it > --------------------------------------------------------- > =20 > On 21 set 2017, at 09:57, Hakala, Juha E > wrote: > =20 > Hello,=20 >=20 > I have a few comments.=20 >=20 > Mandate >=20 > Based on the I-D, it is not clear to me what mandate ITTIG-CNR has. = URN:LEX would complement existing systems; for instance in Finland laws = are identified with cool URIs. For instance, English translation of = Child welfare act can be found = fromhttp://finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2007/en20070417.pdf = . In the short = term there might not be much interest to implement urn:lex in the Finlex = system. >=20 > However, I do believe that establishing a urn namespace to sources of = law can be useful in the long term.=20 >=20 > Administration=20 >=20 > ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness of the = element. In the level of country codes this will be easy. = But there may be a large number of sub-divisions within each country, = and also organization-based sub-divisions. If urn:lex becomes popular, = it may be a substantial task to maintain and to support = organizations in making their urn:lex identifiers actionable.=20 >=20 > Has ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the short term = / long term? =20 >=20 > Semantics and syntax=20 >=20 > The template does not provide sufficient information about the = semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is = very detailed in that respect.=20 >=20 > Most URN namespaces (and traditional identifiers) have relatively = simple semantics. Identifiers may be totally "dumb" (it is impossible to = see from the NSS what the URN identifies) and even if the identifier has = some semantic like ISBN, things are kept simple (for those in the know, = ISBN reveals the country and the publisher). Other persistent identifier = system are even more extreme when it comes to semantics: identifiers in = ARK, Handle and DOI are usually dumb, and recommend strongly that all = semantics should be avoided.=20 >=20 > URNs from proposed urn:lex namespace may contain a lot of information = about the identified resource. For instance, I-D contains an example URN = like this:=20 >=20 > = urn:lex:eu:tibunal.justicia:sentencia:2009-06-11;33-08@original:es$text-ht= ml:juradmin.eu;jurifast:todo:anonimo=20 >=20 > It may be difficult, both for humans and applications, to make sense = of this.=20 >=20 > ITTIG might consider making NSS simpler, and including at least some = of the information which is now embedded in NSS (such as date and file = format) into metadata records that would accompany URN:LEX identifiers. = Having a lot of semantics in the NSS may overload the resolvers with = tasks which should be done by passing a request to an appropriate target = system. It is also more challenging to develop assignment rules for a = very semantic identifier system, and to be able to use such system = correctly. =20 >=20 > As regards syntax, I am concerned about un-encoded use of @ to = indicate an expression of a work:=20 >=20 > local-name =3D work ["@" expression] ["$" manifestation] >=20 > Resolution >=20 > ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution service for = urn:lex. That is necessary for organization-based sub-domains. But for = country-code based subdomains such as urn:lex:fi, resolvers may be = established in the national level (just as in country code based = sub-domains of urn:nbn). Generally, if it is not necessary to establish = a global resolver service for a namespace, it is better to decentralize, = since otherwise there will be a single point of failure.=20 >=20 > It would of course be possible to harvest URN - URL mapping tables = from national lex resolvers into the central resolver maintained by = ITTIG-CNR.=20 >=20 > All the best, =20 >=20 > Juha >=20 >=20 > -----Original Message----- > From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org ] = On Behalf Of Alexey Melnikov > Sent: 20. syyskuuta 2017 15:13 > To: urn@ietf.org > Cc: draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org = > Subject: [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX >=20 > Hi, > as responsible AD for draft-spinosa-urn-lex, I would like to request = Expert > Review for a new URN Namespace. > The registration template was extracted from draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11: >=20 > Namespace Identifier: >=20 > "lex" requested according to [RFC8141]. >=20 > Version: >=20 > 1.0 >=20 > Date: >=20 > 2017-05-25 >=20 > Registrant: >=20 > Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques (ITTIG) > Italian National Research Council (CNR) > Via de' Barucci, 20 > 50127 Florence > Italy > e-mail: lex@ittig.cnr.it > phone: +39 055 43995 >=20 > contact: Enrico Francesconi > e-mail: enrico.francesconi@ittig.cnr.it = >=20 > Purpose: >=20 > The purpose of the "lex" namespace is to assign an unequivocal > identifier, in standard format, to documents that are sources > of law. >=20 > In the last few years a number of institutional initiatives > have arisen in the field of legal document management. They > were aimed at introducing standards for sources of law > description and identification using XML and URI techniques, > respectively (for more details see Section 1.3) LEX identifier > is conceived to be general enough, so to provide guidance at > the core of the standard and sufficient flexibility to cover a > wide variety of needs for identifying all the legal documents > of different nature, namely legislative, case-law and > administrative acts. Moreover, it can be effectively used > within a federative environment where different publishers > (public and private) can provide their own items of an act > (that is there is more than one manifestation of the same = act). >=20 > The LEX identifier is conceived to be: globally unique, > transparent, bidirectional, persistent, location-independent, > and language-neutral. It is organized into parts. The first > part uses a predetermined standard to specify the country (or > more generally the jurisdiction) of origin for the legal > document being identified; the remainder is intended for local > use in identifying documents issued in that country or > jurisdiction. This second part depends only on sources of law > identification system operating in that nation. For more > details on the nature of the LEX characteristics and the > general internal organization, see Section 1.4. >=20 > The LEX name is linked to the document through specific meta- > information, internally (with a tag) or externally (with a > attribute) (for details on this see Section 1.5) >=20 > LEX names will be used on a large scale in references either = in > (X)HTML document or, more generally, in XML documents format > compliant with the relative DTD/XMLSchema (see Section 1.6 for > more information). >=20 > Syntax: >=20 > The identifier has a hierarchical structure as follows: >=20 > "urn:lex:" NSS >=20 > where is the Namespace Specific String composed as > follows: >=20 > NSS =3D jurisdiction ":" local-name >=20 > where: >=20 > is the part providing the identification of the > jurisdiction, generally corresponding to the country, where = the > source of law is issued. It is also possible to represent > international organizations (either states or public > administrations or private entities); >=20 > is the uniform name of the source of law in the > country or jurisdiction where it is issued; its internal > structure is common to the already adopted schemas. It is able > to represent all the aspects of an intellectual production, as > it is a legal document, from its initial idea, through its > evolution during the time, to its realisation by different > means (paper, digital, etc.). >=20 > LEX specifications gives information on the internal structure > of both and , including > specifications about case sensitivity, the use of national > characters and diacritics, as well as spaces, connectives, > punctuation marks, abbreviations, acronyms, date formats and > ordinal numbers. For more details on the internal structure = and > syntax of the LEX identifier, see Section 3, 4 and 5. >=20 > Recently the r- and q- components have been introduced by > [RFC8141]. They provide new and interesting perspectives when > using URNs in a complex sector as sources of law, = characterized > by different versions, languages, publishers, and so on. In > particular, by using the r-component at the resolver level, = and > therefore at the whole NSS level, you can select from the same > work only expressions written in a given language, or > manifestations published by a particular institutional site, > etc. Using the q-component at the act metadata level, you can > select versions that are valid at a particular date, or > modified by a specific act, etc. >=20 > Assignment: >=20 > The Jurisdictional Registrar (or those it delegates) of each > adhering country or organization is responsible of the > definition or acceptance of the uniform name's primary = elements > (issuing authority and type of legal measure). >=20 > Any country or jurisdiction, aiming to adopt this schema, > identifies a Jurisdictional Registrar, an organization which > shares and defines the structure of the optional part of the > name, according to the organization of the state or > institution. The process of assigning the will be > managed by each specific country or jurisdiction under the > related element (details on this can be found = in > Section 7.2). >=20 > Identifiers in the "lex" namespace are defined through a > element assigned to the sources of law of a > specific country or organization, and a assigned > by the issuing authority. The goal of the LEX schema is to > maintain uniqueness and persistence of all resources = identified > by the assigned URNs. The elements values for the LEX > identifier within a jurisdiction are defined by the > Jurisdictional Registrar, this ensures that the constructed > URNs are unique (see Section 7.3 for details on uniqueness). >=20 > The persistence of identifiers depends on the durability of = the > institutions that assign and administer them (see Section 7.3 > for details on persitence) >=20 > Security and Privacy: >=20 > This document introduces no additional security considerations > beyond those associated with the use and resolution of URNs in > general. >=20 > Interoperability: >=20 > As open standard naming convention to identify sources of law > at international level, LEX is meant to guarantee > interoperability among legal information systems across > national boundaries. >=20 > The characteristics of the LEX naming convention facilitate > legal document management as well as provide a mechanism of > stable cross-collections and cross-country references, thus > allowing the distribution of the legal information towards a > federated architecture. >=20 > Resolution: >=20 > The resolution service associates a LEX identifier with a > specific document address on the net. The related system will > have a distributed architecture based on two fundamental > components: a chain of information in DNS (Domain Name System) > and a series of resolution services from URNs to URLs, each > competent within a specific domain of the namespace (see > Section 8.1 for more details). >=20 > To cope with possible incomplete or inaccurate uniform names, > the implementation of a catalogue, based on a relational- > database, able to associate a URN to related URLs, is > suggested, as it will lead to a higher flexibility in the > resolution process. A resolver can provide names = normalization, > completion of inaccurate or incomplete names, and finally = their > resolution in network locations (see Section 8.2 and 8.3 for > characteristics and behaviour of a catalogue for resolution). >=20 > Documentation: >=20 > None >=20 > Additional Information: >=20 > See [FRAN] and [SPIN]. >=20 > Revision Information: >=20 > None >=20 > _______________________________________________ > urn mailing list > urn@ietf.org > https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn = --Apple-Mail=_D26ECF29-7170-4DC8-83D4-E86F3825F519 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8 Dear Juha,
   thanks for your reply. = Here below (inline) our comments (and sorry for being late to get back = to you).

Please = don=E2=80=99t hesitate to send any further comment, if any.

Finally, we are about to = finalize version 12 of the urn:lex draft, which takes into account your = remarks. If you agree we will send it to you all soon, before = submission.

Best= regards
   Pierluigi and = Enrico


---------------------------------------------------------
Enrico Francesconi
ITTIG - CNR
Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques
Italian National Research Council

Via de' Barucci 20
50127 Florence
Italy

Tel: +39-055-4399-665
Fax: +39-055-4399-605
email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it
---------------------------------------------------------
=

On 13 ott 2017, at 13:47, Hakala, Juha E <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi> wrote:

Dear Enrico,
 
thank you for the answers; I have some further comments = below.
 
From: Enrico Francesconi [mailto:enrico.francesconi@gmail.com] On Behalf = Of Enrico = Francesconi
Sent: 13. lokakuuta 2017 0:27
To: draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org
Cc: Alexey Melnikov <aamelnikov@fastmail.fm>; urn@ietf.org; Pierluigi Spinosa <pierluigi.spinosa@gmail.com>; Hakala, Juha E <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>Subject: Re: [urn] Request for new = URN namespace review: LEX
 
Dear All,
   as agreed please find below = our replies to the remaining remarks, those of Sabrina and Juha. We will = then proceed by including the proposed changes in the new draft.
 
Also these new replies have been grouped = with respect to each reviewer and, for each remark, we provide:
  • a synthesis of the = requests (Req:)
  • our answers (Ans:)
  • arguments for a further analysis (To = Deepen:)
Best regards
   Pierluigi and Enrico
 
 
 
******************************
Sabrina=E2=80=99s comments
******************************
33. urn NID registry
Req: Expert review should be completed = before your document can be approved for publication as an RFC
Ans: = waiting for the conclusion of the revision
 
34. Sect. 11.1 - NAPTR = records
Req: approval of the IAB to implement NAPTR records. Is the = host lex.ittig.cnr.it guaranteed for a long = term?
To = Deepen: We can contact other institutions able to guarantee long-term = maintenance of a hostname, ex. =E2=80=9Cregistro.it=E2=80=9D, the CNR (Italian National Research = Council) service which provides registration of the domain names .it and = .eu
Juha: a name like lex.registro.it would be better than lex.ittig.cnr.it, which has = a lot of semantics in it. Here in Finland, the national library runs a = URN resolver at the URI http://urn.fi, which is as neutral as possible. =  

We agree on that. Moreover registro.it is = maintained by a CNR institute in Italy which is also responsible for the = registry of the domain names .eu
Anyway the final name will be = decided by the organization which will maintain the lex = namespace.


Req: It might be better to document the = approach in such a way that that exact form of the NAPTR record is not = in the I-D
Ans: provide only a generic information, ex. dns-lex.foo
 
35. Jurisdiction codes registry
 
Req: Where should this new registry be = located? Should it be added to an existing registry page? If = not, does it belong in an existing
category at http://www.iana.org/protocols?

To Deepen: see point 18, anyway at the beginning there = are no records in it

36. = Final operations
Req: only when the RFC will be approved
Ans: = we=E2=80=99ll wait the final RFC approval
 
******************************
Juha=E2=80=99s comments
******************************
37. Mandate
Req: Based on the I-D, it is not clear = what mandate ITTIG-CNR has. 
Would URN:LEX complement existing = systems?
Establishing a urn namespace to sources of law can be useful = in the long term.
Ans: No specific mandate: this is a proposal for a global = namespace which every system can adhere to
Juha: OK. Since ITTI-CNR has no specific = mandate, it is easy to see a situation where the coordinator = responsibility is passed to another organization in Italy or even = elsewhere. Therefore it is important to have a neutral domain like lex.registro.it or something = similar.

See above

38. Administration
Req: = ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness of the = <jurisdiction> element.
Req: In the level of country codes this will be easy. = But there may be a large number of sub-
divisions within = each country, and also organization-based sub-divisions. If urn:lex = becomes popular, it may be a substantial task to maintain = <jurisdiction> and to support organizations  in making their = urn:lex identifiers actionable.
Has ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of = work required in the short term / long term?
Ans: = The responsibility of maintaing jurisdiction codes will be distributed = at the level of each jurisdiction, according to a federative de-centralized = approach (see sect. 7.2)=E2=80=99
Juha: efficient de-centralization often requires at least = some level of central co-ordination. In this case, I think it would be = useful to maintain a central registry of Jurisdictional Registrars. This = would make it easy for any organization which wishes to use urn:lex to = find out if there already is a registrar for their country or = jurisdiction. The registry would also minimize the risk of having = multiple organizations in one country accidentally adopting the = registrar role.
I = wonder if it would be useful to mention in chapter 10 (Community = considerations) of draft-spinoza-urn-lex something about how potential = registrars may find information about this system. A completely new = identifier system usually needs some promotion in order to become = popular. Similarly, chapter 7.2 might mention promotion of URNs and = URN:LEX as one of the registrar tasks. =

We agree on that: in the Jurisdiction Registry a field = is foreseen including the information of the Registrars. Querying the = Registry it will be possible to check if a jurisdiction has been = registered and who is the registrar.
Moreover, the promotion = of urn:lex namespace is definitely important: we are confident that each = new registrar can promote the use of urn:lex within its = jurisdiction.


    
 
39. Semantic and = syntax
Req: The template does not provide sufficient = information about= the semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 = is very detailed in that respect. Most URN namespaces (and traditional = identifiers) have relatively simple semantics. Identifiers may be = totally "dumb" (it is impossible to see from the NSS what the URN = identifies) and even if the identifier has some semantic like ISBN, = things are kept simple (for those in the know, ISBN reveals the country = and the publisher) URNs from proposed urn:lex namespace may contain a = lot of information about the identified resource It may be difficult, = both for humans and applications, to make sense of this.
Ans: = The suggested metadata are necessary to guarantee, unequivocal = identifiers, nevertheless not all of them are mandatory. In the = references, only metadata at the level of Work are required (see email = on 9/20 in response to Dale=E2=80=99s remarks)
 
Req: Having a lot of semantics in the NSS may = overload the resolvers with tasks which should be  done by passing = a request to an appropriate target system. It is also more challenging = to develop assignment rules for a very semantic identifier system, and = to be able to use such 
system = correctly
Ans: the hierarchical structure paves the way to a structured = resolution (see e-mail to Dale on 
9/20)
Juha: yes, = I do understand that some semantics is required for resolution. URN:NBN, = which I have registered, uses (mandatory) country code and additional = information to locate the right resolver. 
But in lex, semantics = goes much beyond what is required for finding a resolver. And some of = the assumptions about semantics may not be valid in all jurisdictions. = For instance, you say 
 
Each version is characterized by = the period of time during which that
   text is to be considered as the valid text (in = force or effective).
Finland, for instance, cannot provide this kind of date/time = information about validity of legal documents.
All Finnish laws are = available online for free from a system called Finlex. The URI of the = current Finnish copyright act in Finnish is 
http://finlex.fi/fi/laki/ajantasa/1961/19610404
and in Swedish
http://finlex.fi/sv/laki/ajantasa/1961/19610404
Note that 19610404 is = not a date, but act number 404 in 1961.
Lex work level urn = could then be something like:
urn:lex:fi:oik:laki:1961;0404
where OIK refers to the = Ministry of justice and LAKI to an act.
Since 1961, Copyright = act has been amended many times, but URI has remained the same ever = since the online system was established. A user who retrieves the text, = can see the changes and when there were made. But the original version = is no longer there.
Chapter 6 has a lot of examples, but they are all similar = with respect to e.g. date. It would be good to have more diversity among = examples, so that potential users do not misunderstand the requirements. =  
Syntax might = be made simpler by using URN f-component to identify partitions. Then = for instance the URN in this example:
 
to refer to the paragraph 3 of the article 15 =
of the French
   Act of 15 may =
2004, n. 106, the reference is written
   "urn:lex:fr:etat:loi:2004-05-15;106~art15;par3").
might become
 urn:lex:fr:etat:loi:2004-05-15;106#art15par3
if the text = encoding of the identified document allows that. This would also = simplify things from retrieval point of view; it is likely that even = with the original URN the entire text of the legal document will be = retrieved, and then it is up to the browser to take the user to the = correct place. With URI fragment that is technically simple; with syntax = like ~art15;par3 it may be necessary to build the required functionality = to the user interface. 

Urn:lex semantics is = more oriented to legal document identification rather than to the = resolution routing. Such semantics is complex because it is complex the = legal identification framework. In the Finnish system it seems that only = the in-force version is provided to the user, but in other jurisdictions = it is important to identify the previous versions too (for example in = case we need to access a version of a law which is in-force at the date = when a given crime or administrative offence to be judged has = happened).

In paragraph 6.8 of the = urn:lex draft all the reasons why we used =E2=80=98~=E2=80=99 rather = than =E2=80=98#' are explained.
Anyway the = possibility to process forms like ~art15;par3 is up to the = resolver. 
Moreover the = possibility to identify a hierarchy in the subdivisions allows to = retrive a subdivision up to the available granularity level (in the = example: the possibility to retrieve art15 and not par3 if this one is = not available because not marked-up)


 
Req: As regards = syntax, concerns about un-encoded use of @ to indicate an expression of = a work
To Deepen: not clear the motivations
Juha: the = motivation was just to say that it is necessary to percent encode = special characters which cannot be expressed in HTTP URIs in unencoded = form, such as = @.

For the users this problem will be = transparent. 


40. Resolution
Req: = ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution service for = urn:lex. Better one for  each jurisdiction
Ans: = Actually not. The idea is to de-centralize the system, starting from the = jurisdiction, 
until the issuing authority. We will emphasize Sections 8.1 = and 8.2
 
Req: It would of course be possible to = harvest URN - URL mapping tables from national lex 
resolvers = into the central resolver maintained by ITTIG-CNR. 
Ans: = Currently it is not foreseen
 
Juha: it should be possible to make resolvers in = urn:lex aware of each other, if there is a central registry of = resolvers. This would make it possible, at some point in the future, to = harvest the mapping tables from all urn:lex resolvers. But I do = understand that there is currently no plan to do such a thing. However, = within jurisdictions such co-operation may be necessary even in short = term.
 
<= div>
We don=E2=80=99t think it is the case to = include this requirement in the draft, even if it=E2=80=99s definitely = an interesting future possible development.

All the best, 
 
Juha 
 
---------------------------------------------------------
Enrico Francesconi
ITTIG - CNR
Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques
Italian National Research Council

Via de' Barucci 20
50127 Florence
Italy

Tel: +39-055-4399-665
Fax: +39-055-4399-605
email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it
---------------------------------------------------------
 
On 06 ott 2017, at = 21:00, Enrico Francesconi <francesconi@ittig.cnr.it> wrote:
 
 Dear = All,
   thanks a lot = everyone for the global revision of the urn-lex draft and for your = useful comments on the document. We have finalized the analysis of most = of them, therefore we send you here below a sum-up of the interventions = we would like to provide to the document.
We will be back with = feedback to the most recent comments from Sabrina=E2=80=99s = and Juha=E2=80=99s in a following email.
We = grouped comments with respect to each reviewer and, for each remark, we = provide:
  • a synthesis of the = requests (Req:)
  • our answers = (Ans:)
  • arguments for a further = analysis (To Deepen:)
 
In case approved we will prepare a draft = v.12 accordingly, to be then validated.
Please let us know how to proceeed or any = additional remarks.
Thanks again for your collaboration
best = regards
 
Pierluigi and Enrico
 
 
******************************
Dale's comments
******************************
A. Major items
 
1. Annex A: Use of alfanum, etc.
Req: = Simplifying syntax with non-terminal elements
Ans: = We will simplify the syntax in the direction required
 
2. Sez. 4.4: How are non-ASCII characters to be = handled?
Req: Different management of non-ASCII characters in = different sections. UTF-8% encoded or punycode incompatible
Ans: = strongly recommend the use of ASCII base. In this case we can use a = straightforward DNS query for routing. In case this solution is = unacceptable for a jurisdiction: use UTF-8% encoded = in URNs and use punycode conversion in DNS. In this case, the jurisdiction has to implement a software = conversion as an interface for DDDS
 
3. Sez. 3.2: Compatibility = with RFC 2141 and use of "~"
Req: character "~" not allowed in RFC = 2141
Ans: = declare that the syntax conforms to RFC 8141
 
To = Deepen: For backward compatibility, the "/", previously prohibited in = URNs, is reserved for future use, then we can remove the "/" from = prohibited characters and include it in "future expansions"
 
4. Sez. 11.2: The pseudo-TLD ".lex"
Req: = it no longer works if .lex is assigned
Ans: use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa"
 
5. Sez. 6.7: Dealing with publishers
Req: = Possible issues if an event is assigned by an editor independently
To = Deepen: By joining the federated system, a publisher accepts the urn-lex = rules. The Jurisdictional Registrar (Section 7.2) provides guidelines = and monitors their application
Req: Domain Name Editor: persistence of = the manifestation depends on the publisher
To Deepen: Common problem with all = components where a domain name is indicated. Think of a solution through = aliases
 
B. Minor points
 
6. Abstract
Req: World Wide Web Consortium reference = for resource identification
Ans: Replace W3C with IETF
 
7. Sez. 1.1: The Purpose of Namespace "lex"
Req: = Useful when mapped on HTTP URLs and not URIs
To = Deepen: we often talk about http uri. Maybe we can emphasize its = function as identifier rather than as locator.  The identifier is = often not an absolute URL
 
8. Sez. 1.4: General Characteristics of = the System
Req: SHOULD seems more appropriate than MUST
Ans: = replace "must" with "should"
 
9. Sez. 2: Syntax = label
Req: The syntax and semantics of components r- and q- are not = defined in the document
Ans: after: "... introduced by [RFC8141]" insert: = "The use of r- and q- components with LEX URNs is not defined in this = document. But they provide new ... "
 
10. Sect. 2: = Documentation
Req: better replace "none" with a reference to the same = document
Ans: replace "none" with: "The details of the syntax, = semantics and use of LEX URNs are given in [this RFC]."
 
11. Sect. 3.1: Identifier structure
Req: = Capitalization of Section Title: non-consistent document
To = Deepen: Check rules for writing section titles
 
Req: = representation of non-ASCII characters in RFCs
Ans: = right: the guidelines suggest using the Unicode convention U + XXXX
 
12. Examples
Req: Are the examples shown real or = hypothetical?
Ans: Include the following: "All URN examples in the document = are hypothetical"
 
13. Sez. 5.3: Ordinal Numbers
Req: = To clarify whether it is Western or Eastern Arabic numbers
Ans: = add "Western" before "Arabic numbers"
 
14. Sez. 6.1: Basic = Principles
Req: substitution suggestion of "by parser" with "from = parser"
Ans: replace "by parser" with "from parser"
 
15. Sez. 6.7: Structure of the Document Identifier at = Manifestation Level
Req: syntax ambiguity: with only one element, it is = not clear whether it is component or feature
Ans: = Correct syntax according to Dale's suggestions in the presence of = features, component (if absent) is set to "all" (whole document)
 
16. Sez. 6.8: Sources of Law References
Req: = Partition ID indicates an element and not a simple location
To = Deepen: It is true, but it depends on the level of granularity of the = identification systems (documents or also partitions?).
 
17. Sez. 8.1: The General Architecture = of the System
Req: Incomplete reference: RFC 3403 only defines NAPTR = records
Ans: Add reference to RFC 3405 explaining why the = lex.urn.arpa domain is created
 
18. Sez. 11.2: = Jurisdiction-code Registration
Req: missing the description of the = registry structure
Ans: Specify format and examples of the registry of = jurisdiction codes
 
19. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the = uniform names of the "lex" namespace
Req: Reported several errors or = ambiguities: lowercase; body/function/office, component/feature, ...
Ans: = review the syntax, according to Dale's suggestions. Test the syntax with = a parser
 
20. Annex A: Summary of the syntax of the = uniform names of the "lex" namespace
Req: syntax error for % encoded
To = Deepen: Correct the % encoded syntax (see RFC 3261 par.25.1)
 
21. Annex A, Sec. B1.4 (Indication of the Body) and B1.5 = (Indication of the Function)
Req: ambiguity between body / function / = office
Ans: Correct syntax to eliminate ambiguities
 
22. Annex D and D1: Http-based LEX identifier
Req: = HTTP and non-HTTP-based
Ans: delete "based"
 
Req: Same names used for http and urn = elements: same semantics but different syntax
To = Deepen: Use same names in http and urn elements, maybe change = delimiters
 
23. Sez. D1: Http-based URI
Req: = Wrong Link to Linked Data
To Deepen: Correct reference to Linked Data
 
 
******************************
Paul's comments
******************************
 
A. Major items
 
24. Scope of the = document
Req: Doc. describes not only URN but a fully federated = system. Better divide the two documents
To Deepen: postpone the decision at the = end of the discussion
 
25. Name or query?
Req: = Doc. also describes how to use URNs as a query, incompatibility with = URNs
To = Deepen: Document: URN Full and Unique; references: URN incomplete, but = useful (see e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20)
 
B. Minor points
 
26. Sez. 11.2: Jurisdiction-code Registration
Req: = Re-assigning ccTLD: using the solution of international = institutions?
Ans: The Registry of Jurisdiction Codes solves this problem. = If the ccTLD was reassigned, the old assignment remains in the log. If = it was already assigned, the applicant should choose a different one
 
Req: = <name> .lex is no longer valid if .lex is assigned
Ans: = use pseudo-domain "lex.arpa" (see answer to Dale=E2=80=99s remark = n.4)
 
 
27. Full = utility of this URN form
Req: it seems that a browser plugin in = needed
To Deepen: The DDDS for URNs is = fully described in various RFCs (3401-05). However, to = the best of our knowledge, the "urn:" schema is not = recognized by browsers, the most widely used tool for accessing = information. Therefore, to activate a resolution process from a native reference as "... href =3D =E2=80=98urn: = ...=E2=80=99 ", there are 2 possibilities:
1. = Develop a browser plug-in, that can recognize the urn schema. Such a = plug-in could route the urn to a service, active on one (or more) = servers, which is able to walk through the DNS chain and return the = address of the resolver (typically via http);
2. Transform a native urn reference to an http = one (like: ... href =3D "httReq: // <service>?urn: ..."), through = a pre-processor or style sheet, where the urn is a parameter of the call = to the service previously described.
 
Req: Move the solution = in a separate document
To Deepen: = Postpone the decision to the end of this review
 
28. Sez. = 4.4: Use of = Punycode
Req: The syntax has to be = revised for the non-ASCII. It includes %-encoding but not = punycode
Ans: Use UTF-8 %encoded within a URN; convert punycode in the = DNS (see Dale point 2.)
 
 
29. Sez. 6.7: Ambiguity between components = and features
Req: syntax ambiguity: with one element it is not = clear if it is a [component] or a [feature]
Ans: get rid of the syntax ambiguity in the = manifestazione (see Dale's point 15.)
 
30. Annex D: Http-based LEX identifier
Req: = it seems unuseful, there are no references: remove or incorporate in = another doc
To Deepen: postpone the decision at the end of this revision = phase
 
 
31. Name or query? (Answer to Alexey)
Req: it is difficult to separate naming rules = from the resolution aspects: split the document in two?
Req: there are several elements which are = difficult to identify by a user and drive you to the construction = of different URNs
To Deepen: a document = has always a complete and unequivocal URN; a reference can have an = incomplete URN, nevertheless useful for a retrieval service. (See also = the mail sent to Dale on 9/20)
 
32. Name or query? (Answer to Enrico=E2=80=99s = email)
Req: The user attempts = to build a URN by some metadata he knows. The input URN is not = actually a URN to the document under analysis - it is a query for = some documents
To Deepen: = In the RFC we can better clarify the case of 1) a complete and = unequivocal URN as document identifier; 2) an incomplete URN but still = useful for retrieval and that can  be used in references (See also = the e-mail sent to Dale on 9/20)
 
 
 
 
---------------------------------------------------------
Enrico Francesconi
ITTIG - CNR
Institute of Legal Information Theory and Techniques
Italian National Research Council

Via de' Barucci 20
50127 Florence
Italy

Tel: +39-055-4399-665
Fax: +39-055-4399-605
email: francesconi@ittig.cnr.it
---------------------------------------------------------
 
On 21 set 2017, at = 09:57, Hakala, Juha E <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi> wrote:
 
Hello, 

I have a few comments. 

Mandate

Based on the I-D, it is = not clear to me what mandate ITTIG-CNR has. URN:LEX would complement = existing systems; for instance in Finland laws are identified with cool = URIs. For instance, English translation of Child welfare act can be = found fromhttp://finlex.fi/en/laki/kaannokset/2007/en20070417.pdf. = In the short term there might not be much interest to implement urn:lex = in the Finlex system.

However, I do believe = that establishing a urn namespace to sources of law can be useful in the = long term. 

Administration 

ITTIG-CNR will be responsible of maintaining the uniqueness = of the <jurisdiction> element. In the level of country codes this = will be easy. But there may be a large number of sub-divisions within = each country, and also organization-based sub-divisions. If urn:lex = becomes popular, it may be a substantial task to maintain = <jurisdiction> and to support organizations in making their = urn:lex identifiers actionable. 

Has ITTIG-CNR estimated the amount of work required in the = short term / long term?   

Semantics and syntax 

The template does not provide sufficient information about = the semantics and syntax of NSS, but luckily draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11 is = very detailed in that respect. 

Most URN namespaces (and traditional identifiers) have = relatively simple semantics. Identifiers may be totally "dumb" (it is = impossible to see from the NSS what the URN identifies) and even if the = identifier has some semantic like ISBN, things are kept simple (for = those in the know, ISBN reveals the country and the publisher). Other = persistent identifier system are even more extreme when it comes to = semantics: identifiers in ARK, Handle and DOI are usually dumb, and = recommend strongly that all semantics should be avoided. 

URNs from proposed urn:lex namespace may contain a lot of = information about the identified resource. For instance, I-D contains an = example URN like this: 

urn:lex:eu:tibunal.justicia:sentencia:2009-06-11;33-08@original= :es$text-html:juradmin.eu;jurifast:todo:anonimo 

It may be difficult, both for humans and applications, to = make sense of this. 

ITTIG might consider making NSS simpler, and = including at least some of the information which is now embedded in NSS = (such as date and file format) into metadata records that would = accompany URN:LEX identifiers. Having a lot of semantics in the NSS may = overload the resolvers with tasks which should be done by passing a = request to an appropriate target system. It is also more challenging to = develop assignment rules for a very semantic identifier system, and to = be able to use such system correctly.    
As regards syntax, I am concerned about un-encoded use of @ = to indicate an expression of a work: 

local-name =3D work ["@" expression] ["$" manifestation]

Resolution

ITTIG-CNR intends to maintain a centralized resolution = service for urn:lex. That is necessary for organization-based = sub-domains. But for country-code based subdomains such as urn:lex:fi, = resolvers may be established in the national level (just as in country = code based sub-domains of urn:nbn). Generally, if it is not necessary to = establish a global resolver service for a namespace, it is better to = decentralize, since otherwise there will be a single point of = failure. 

It would of course be possible to harvest URN = - URL mapping tables from national lex resolvers into the central = resolver maintained by ITTIG-CNR. 

All the best,   

Juha

-----Original Message-----
From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] = On Behalf Of Alexey Melnikov
Sent: 20. syyskuuta 2017 = 15:13
To: urn@ietf.org
Cc: draft-spinosa-urn-lex.all@ietf.org
Subject: = [urn] Request for new URN namespace review: LEX

Hi,
as responsible AD for = draft-spinosa-urn-lex, I would like to request Expert
Review= for a new URN Namespace.
The registration template was = extracted from draft-spinosa-urn-lex-11:

     Namespace Identifier:

        "lex" = requested according to [RFC8141].

     Version:

        1.0

     Date:

        2017-05-25

     Registrant:

        Institute of = Legal Information Theory and Techniques (ITTIG)
        Italian = National Research Council (CNR)
        Via de' = Barucci, 20
        50127 = Florence
        Italy
        e-mail: lex@ittig.cnr.it
        phone: +39 = 055 43995

        contact: = Enrico Francesconi
        e-mail: enrico.francesconi@ittig.cnr.it

     Purpose:

        The purpose = of the "lex" namespace is to assign an unequivocal
        identifier, = in standard format, to documents that are sources
        of law.

        In the last = few years a number of institutional initiatives
        have arisen = in the field of legal document management. They
        were aimed at = introducing standards for sources of law
        description = and identification using XML and URI techniques,
        respectively = (for more details see Section 1.3) LEX identifier
        is conceived = to be general enough, so to provide guidance at
        the core of = the standard and sufficient flexibility to cover a
        wide variety = of needs for identifying all the legal documents
        of different = nature, namely legislative, case-law and
        administrative = acts. Moreover, it can be effectively used
        within a = federative environment where different publishers
        (public and = private) can provide their own items of an act
        (that is = there is more than one manifestation of the same act).

        The LEX = identifier is conceived to be: globally unique,
        transparent, = bidirectional, persistent, location-independent,
        and = language-neutral. It is organized into parts. The first
        part uses a = predetermined standard to specify the country (or
        more = generally the jurisdiction) of origin for the legal
        document = being identified; the remainder is intended for local
        use in = identifying documents issued in that country or
        jurisdiction. = This second part depends only on sources of law
        identification = system operating in that nation. For more
        details on = the nature of the LEX characteristics and the
        general = internal organization, see Section 1.4.

        The LEX name = is linked to the document through specific meta-
        information, = internally (with a tag) or externally (with a
        attribute) = (for details on this see Section 1.5)

        LEX names = will be used on a large scale in references either in
        (X)HTML = document or, more generally, in XML documents format
        compliant = with the relative DTD/XMLSchema (see Section 1.6 for
        more = information).

     Syntax:

        The = identifier has a hierarchical structure as follows:

          &nb= sp;            = ;     "urn:lex:" NSS

        where = <NSS> is the Namespace Specific String composed as
        follows:

          &nb= sp;       NSS =3D jurisdiction ":" = local-name

        where:

        <jurisdictio= n> is the part providing the identification of the
        jurisdiction, = generally corresponding to the country, where the
        source of law = is issued. It is also possible to represent
        international = organizations (either states or public
        administrations= or private entities);

        <local-name&= gt; is the uniform name of the source of law in the
        country or = jurisdiction where it is issued; its internal
        structure is = common to the already adopted schemas. It is able
        to represent = all the aspects of an intellectual production, as
        it is a legal = document, from its initial idea, through its
        evolution = during the time, to its realisation by different
        means (paper, = digital, etc.).

        LEX = specifications gives information on the internal structure
        of both = <jurisdiction> and <local-name>, including
        specifications = about case sensitivity, the use of national
        characters = and diacritics, as well as spaces, connectives,
        punctuation = marks, abbreviations, acronyms, date formats and
        ordinal = numbers. For more details on the internal structure and
        syntax of the = LEX identifier, see Section 3, 4 and 5.

        Recently the = r- and q- components have been introduced by
        [RFC8141]. = They provide new and interesting perspectives when
        using URNs in = a complex sector as sources of law, characterized
        by different = versions, languages, publishers, and so on. In
        particular, = by using the r-component at the resolver level, and
        therefore at = the whole NSS level, you can select from the same
        work only = expressions written in a given language, or
        manifestations = published by a particular institutional site,
        etc. Using = the q-component at the act metadata level, you can
        select = versions that are valid at a particular date, or
        modified by a = specific act, etc.

     Assignment:

        The = Jurisdictional Registrar (or those it delegates) of each
        adhering = country or organization is responsible of the
        definition or = acceptance of the uniform name's primary elements
        (issuing = authority and type of legal measure).

        Any country = or jurisdiction, aiming to adopt this schema,
        identifies a = Jurisdictional Registrar, an organization which
        shares and = defines the structure of the optional part of the
        name, = according to the organization of the state or
        institution. = The process of assigning the <local-name> will be
        managed by = each specific country or jurisdiction under the
        related = <jurisdiction> element (details on this can be found in
        Section = 7.2).

        Identifiers = in the "lex" namespace are defined through a
        <jurisdictio= n> element assigned to the sources of law of a
        specific = country or organization, and a <local-name> assigned
        by the = issuing authority. The goal of the LEX schema is to
        maintain = uniqueness and persistence of all resources identified
        by the = assigned URNs. The elements values for the LEX
        identifier = within a jurisdiction are defined by the
        Jurisdictional = Registrar, this ensures that the constructed
        URNs are = unique (see Section 7.3 for details on uniqueness).

        The = persistence of identifiers depends on the durability of the
        institutions = that assign and administer them (see Section 7.3
        for details = on persitence)

     Security and Privacy:

        This document = introduces no additional security considerations
        beyond those = associated with the use and resolution of URNs in
        general.

     Interoperability:

        As open = standard naming convention to identify sources of law
        at = international level, LEX is meant to guarantee
        interoperabilit= y among legal information systems across
        national = boundaries.

        The = characteristics of the LEX naming convention facilitate
        legal = document management as well as provide a mechanism of
        stable = cross-collections and cross-country references, thus
        allowing the = distribution of the legal information towards a
        federated = architecture.

     Resolution:

        The = resolution service associates a LEX identifier with a
        specific = document address on the net. The related system will
        have a = distributed architecture based on two fundamental
        components: a = chain of information in DNS (Domain Name System)
        and a series = of resolution services from URNs to URLs, each
        competent = within a specific domain of the namespace (see
        Section 8.1 = for more details).

        To cope with = possible incomplete or inaccurate uniform names,
        the = implementation of a catalogue, based on a relational-
        database, = able to associate a URN to related URLs, is
        suggested, as = it will lead to a higher flexibility in the
        resolution = process. A resolver can provide names normalization,
        completion of = inaccurate or incomplete names, and finally their
        resolution in = network locations (see Section 8.2 and 8.3 for
        characteristics= and behaviour of a catalogue for resolution).

     Documentation:

        None

     Additional = Information:

        See [FRAN] = and [SPIN].

     Revision Information:

        None

_______________________________________________
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= --Apple-Mail=_D26ECF29-7170-4DC8-83D4-E86F3825F519-- From nobody Wed Oct 25 10:51:17 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: urn@ietf.org Delivered-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from ietfa.amsl.com (localhost [IPv6:::1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id C3D3D139504; Wed, 25 Oct 2017 10:51:09 -0700 (PDT) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit From: IESG Secretary To: "IETF Announcement List" Cc: andy@hxr.us, barryleiba@computer.org, urn@ietf.org X-Test-IDTracker: no X-IETF-IDTracker: 6.63.2 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated Precedence: bulk Reply-To: ietf@ietf.org Message-ID: <150895386975.4838.7504974269354732320.idtracker@ietfa.amsl.com> Date: Wed, 25 Oct 2017 10:51:09 -0700 Archived-At: Subject: [urn] WG Action: Conclusion of Uniform Resource Names, Revised (urnbis) X-BeenThere: urn@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 List-Id: Revisions to URN RFCs List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Wed, 25 Oct 2017 17:51:10 -0000 The Uniform Resource Names, Revised (urnbis) working group in the Applications and Real-Time Area has completed its milestones and is now being closed. Thank you to all editors and WG chairs, past and present. The IESG contact persons are Ben Campbell, Alexey Melnikov, and Adam Roach. The mailing list will remain open. From nobody Mon Oct 30 13:53:02 2017 Return-Path: X-Original-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Delivered-To: urn@ietfa.amsl.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 5465213F43E for ; Mon, 30 Oct 2017 13:53:01 -0700 (PDT) X-Virus-Scanned: amavisd-new at amsl.com X-Spam-Flag: NO X-Spam-Score: -2.72 X-Spam-Level: X-Spam-Status: No, score=-2.72 tagged_above=-999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_00=-1.9, DKIM_SIGNED=0.1, DKIM_VALID=-0.1, DKIM_VALID_AU=-0.1, RCVD_IN_DNSWL_LOW=-0.7, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_H3=-0.01, RCVD_IN_MSPIKE_WL=-0.01, SPF_PASS=-0.001, URIBL_BLOCKED=0.001] autolearn=ham autolearn_force=no Authentication-Results: ietfa.amsl.com (amavisd-new); dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=stpeter.im header.b=A91YSv6i; dkim=pass (2048-bit key) header.d=messagingengine.com header.b=VAhG6ECd Received: from mail.ietf.org ([4.31.198.44]) by localhost (ietfa.amsl.com [127.0.0.1]) (amavisd-new, port 10024) with ESMTP id zCwyKfw354xP for ; Mon, 30 Oct 2017 13:52:59 -0700 (PDT) Received: from out4-smtp.messagingengine.com (out4-smtp.messagingengine.com [66.111.4.28]) (using TLSv1.2 with cipher AECDH-AES256-SHA (256/256 bits)) (No client certificate requested) by ietfa.amsl.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id A058313F567 for ; Mon, 30 Oct 2017 13:52:59 -0700 (PDT) Received: from compute2.internal (compute2.nyi.internal [10.202.2.42]) by mailout.nyi.internal (Postfix) with ESMTP id 11AEB20E04; Mon, 30 Oct 2017 16:52:59 -0400 (EDT) Received: from frontend2 ([10.202.2.161]) by compute2.internal (MEProxy); Mon, 30 Oct 2017 16:52:59 -0400 DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=stpeter.im; h= content-type:date:from:message-id:mime-version:subject:to :x-me-sender:x-me-sender:x-sasl-enc; s=fm1; bh=7zRY7nP8UYGFy1rfg Qxzh2KWkRLcWtLvyKy0jDRYONs=; b=A91YSv6iPrnO6ibsSr3KA6X2MMaAJJ+8n YY3DIXGEufb94Iwx0u3E5wvRRzNx/95Fbd37DAHi/MWp24MU3aBBmLgDQW7f+hSv K5N/PSrzpUZ61X5TEeo6NrNsp7bv3tigqHoE3iYQ6OG4ORjflsh9YTv80a/tkdpg XoUSf0gvspAGKNjUhxugAxwXsQALdMnSZe5CF01JkHRSJyhBgjWHaewDCCZD0JC+ 25z1VF/RXKz9Zthm74CVHqkQiQG9Zz5POHZzXsUSI9PnZY4ttMKypYzu4Z3IDFdt j0jnJ03xotfsazzOpKhpYyGNlmqLrMHjf7ClN9VkZYTfw/DqdCMMA== DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d= messagingengine.com; h=content-type:date:from:message-id :mime-version:subject:to:x-me-sender:x-me-sender:x-sasl-enc; s= fm1; bh=7zRY7nP8UYGFy1rfgQxzh2KWkRLcWtLvyKy0jDRYONs=; b=VAhG6ECd jHFC0k+fAG3WLvP2Qir2WO66ECeNXK5o7LL30HYebC7xId8Vjzubgz8ogVIvc81t uD2W7RLCD59Yyk+7HnSGosiP2YqFAXAZcIZu9Myc2gWOmoAn3qZH/lj8Po0ehJez a3YIzU69oiF66+DXjhm/EQC8XktFdDLXM4NB/HsTm9pNhgV7NQ0pKELP98lmj3fy O9QqbK5lTfh9hML2pdsGfFAiPTd34cC4YiqsrbAptyQgr34u0628uBuq/kdwZ831 CCs5kSKFkTx6QyZZ3xEnE316dCYfdSRwaCwMiCf3kRAN8sTITeEwHYg848vYfG5e 5PqkVdSIAig9Ig== X-ME-Sender: Received: from aither.local (unknown [76.25.3.152]) by mail.messagingengine.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 474DE24E79; Mon, 30 Oct 2017 16:52:58 -0400 (EDT) To: "urn@ietf.org" From: Peter Saint-Andre Message-ID: <38aafa08-026e-2382-908b-e11740ca1b8e@stpeter.im> Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2017 14:52:56 -0600 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.12; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Thunderbird/52.4.0 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/signed; micalg=pgp-sha256; protocol="application/pgp-signature"; boundary="5BC1Jg4D8IvtjxnVtu4kSJsEUXguOGDgg" Archived-At: Subject: [urn] the urn-nid list has been retired X-BeenThere: urn@ietf.org X-Mailman-Version: 2.1.22 Precedence: list List-Id: Revisions to URN RFCs List-Unsubscribe: , List-Archive: List-Post: List-Help: List-Subscribe: , X-List-Received-Date: Mon, 30 Oct 2017 20:53:01 -0000 This is an OpenPGP/MIME signed message (RFC 4880 and 3156) --5BC1Jg4D8IvtjxnVtu4kSJsEUXguOGDgg Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="NQFWUlpshWdCeq0b7q13sGCjL2Xd3MafH"; protected-headers="v1" From: Peter Saint-Andre To: "urn@ietf.org" Message-ID: <38aafa08-026e-2382-908b-e11740ca1b8e@stpeter.im> Subject: the urn-nid list has been retired --NQFWUlpshWdCeq0b7q13sGCjL2Xd3MafH Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Language: en-US Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Just so you know: in accordance with RFC 8141, the old urn-nid@ietf.org list has been officially retired. The urn@ietf.org list is now the location for all namespace-related discussions. Peter --NQFWUlpshWdCeq0b7q13sGCjL2Xd3MafH-- --5BC1Jg4D8IvtjxnVtu4kSJsEUXguOGDgg Content-Type: application/pgp-signature; name="signature.asc" Content-Description: OpenPGP digital signature Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="signature.asc" -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Comment: GPGTools - http://gpgtools.org iQIzBAEBCAAdFiEEO1gGYnPG8aeH+JR96gakkSvFrakFAln3kSgACgkQ6gakkSvF raknqg/8DuKjeZRmXOEdpI02hEwZz5yu3VP8DkBZsLvDjZJT4rUIbuceKFUsI0lf eOznuad5y018dn9/SaN2UhfyY6QWF40DqqcA1zxjpY/En1aoYibaPpTXojv+icbT iEk4u/z/O5JaPmjd8WMyXzqpAPKA2fJvssbcmg9Iu3HtUIMdbIu9SI3bX9uhP7j8 WqymhIVhmvfqi4+m4nls4S3S/HnpKwfCEfvdighjJUjGoSU4Lp3LpcGD97X+AuHO +TG6EtVR9m5SAgj450eNyvVNf6TvHhAVa4W2ox1UYyCxN1WAaPQK7Hznx8MBAx5w bScm6PPpvw4/Jdkp2xuhugAxjnYFev64th5mqYmihYaQNn1SAzVRPHj1JYu4/k0j nL1xwxN9aUDpnl60m5YzqQdqEDWnQ43X3nRxlTvbvvmRln0O9wL9fQpKHxfG+ME+ l8MThhkgLLTi4hE3RLRGDPcXMcgzkKshpydh4W62ulHADmc1QTNWhwsEU1SfXFV8 w4vP5+ZBu/K66R/tHUpJWOsKwP802jdOQsFuf/ciW6K1I+5k5xXsFibjFOA4wpEN AZPdffeJrE+cG5o6dc13S8KRI8sOaiIi/EvSLJ2Kv+eG7+wg36M9vcg5kbXKMWNZ NO9aFMm2QzrDLt0b8HI2/4tBywdoHSC09ZRVbuuAgoSpniw1g7I= =VbWq -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- --5BC1Jg4D8IvtjxnVtu4kSJsEUXguOGDgg--